[{"audio_id": "0wBngErYsEA", "text": {"0wBngErYsEA-00000-00000602-00001083": "hey everyone this is Mary over here at images on the page today I'm going to be", "0wBngErYsEA-00001-00001083-00001566": "doing the New Year's book tag or the new year's resolution tag I've heard it", "0wBngErYsEA-00002-00001566-00001914": "called two different things so let's get started and if you see me looking down", "0wBngErYsEA-00003-00001914-00002772": "my questions are in this book so question number one", "0wBngErYsEA-00004-00002772-00003450": "how many how many books are you planning to read this year I put it around 45", "0wBngErYsEA-00005-00003450-00003761": "just cuz I had no idea how many I read last year in last year I kind of went", "0wBngErYsEA-00006-00003761-00004134": "through a massive reading slump also a massive thing where it just wasn't like", "0wBngErYsEA-00007-00004134-00004637": "tracking anything so I just did something so that's about one a week a", "0wBngErYsEA-00008-00004637-00005207": "little bit less if I want to take a break or whatever but really it's just", "0wBngErYsEA-00009-00005207-00005619": "reading as many as I can I don't really care about the number if I don't reach", "0wBngErYsEA-00010-00005619-00005946": "it then oh if I don't if I go over then great it's it's not that big of a deal", "0wBngErYsEA-00011-00005946-00006494": "to me but it's more just reading books that I enjoy that is that is more my", "0wBngErYsEA-00012-00006494-00007002": "goal this year I last year and even like to be in this January I've got a lot of", "0wBngErYsEA-00013-00007002-00007597": "books that are just like they're okay I like them but I don't like I'm not like", "0wBngErYsEA-00014-00007597-00008090": "involved I'm not emotional about them and I would I want to try to find more", "0wBngErYsEA-00015-00008090-00008631": "books that I feel that way about again cuz I I missed that question number two", "0wBngErYsEA-00016-00008631-00009411": "is name five books you didn't get to you in 2017 that you want to pry prioritize", "0wBngErYsEA-00017-00009411-00010013": "and 2018 so the first book is Killing Moon by NK jemisin", "0wBngErYsEA-00018-00010013-00010440": "in pictures up a while ago I've just heard awesome things I know one of her", "0wBngErYsEA-00019-00010440-00010746": "series I think it's called the fist season might be being made into a TV", "0wBngErYsEA-00020-00010746-00011352": "series and I've heard that she has a lot of diversity in her books and it's a", "0wBngErYsEA-00021-00011352-00011874": "fantasy series which is my genre so I just I want you back into it they sound", "0wBngErYsEA-00022-00011874-00012221": "really good and I just haven't really picked it up yet", "0wBngErYsEA-00023-00012221-00012836": "the second one is the steel remains by Richard K Morgan I did like a TBR", "0wBngErYsEA-00024-00012836-00013319": "rediscovered thing a couple of months ago where I talked about how I wanted to", "0wBngErYsEA-00025-00013319-00014058": "go back into books I had bought in uh you're a year ago or more that I want to", "0wBngErYsEA-00026-00014058-00014501": "try to get reinterred in and try to read them and I was gonna do one a month and", "0wBngErYsEA-00027-00014501-00015000": "that didn't happen I didn't get through the first one um so I would at least", "0wBngErYsEA-00028-00015000-00015444": "like to finish it and maybe instead of doing that thing where I go back and", "0wBngErYsEA-00029-00015444-00015861": "look at books that are over a year old on my TV I earn every month I do that", "0wBngErYsEA-00030-00015861-00016295": "every couple months or just randomly as I'm feeling they need to just because I", "0wBngErYsEA-00031-00016295-00016793": "do want to get caught up on my back lest Oh some people call it or my really old", "0wBngErYsEA-00032-00016793-00017231": "TV books that I really wanted to read kind of get read interested I'm like", "0wBngErYsEA-00033-00017231-00017723": "rediscover them as I said on that movie or seven that video the third book I", "0wBngErYsEA-00034-00017723-00018179": "want to get into is vanilla by Billie Merrill I did try reading that maybe in", "0wBngErYsEA-00035-00018179-00018869": "November Matthew shop I did a review down about and I'll link that down below", "0wBngErYsEA-00036-00018869-00019463": "and I just I don't wasn't really into it at the time I just could care less and I", "0wBngErYsEA-00037-00019463-00019859": "want to maybe try visiting again to see if it was the book itself that made me", "0wBngErYsEA-00038-00019859-00020448": "feel that way or my like where I was at that time in my life in it how I was", "0wBngErYsEA-00039-00020448-00020963": "mentally the fourth book I want to give um try to get to in 2018 is of fired", "0wBngErYsEA-00040-00020963-00021707": "stars by aldri Colt Hearst I don't know much about this book I just heard it's a", "0wBngErYsEA-00041-00021707-00022278": "queer a fairy tale you always wanted as a queer person I think it is middle", "0wBngErYsEA-00042-00022278-00022797": "grade or why AI think it's one of the two I heard about it from Adriana from", "0wBngErYsEA-00043-00022797-00023438": "Perpetual pages they love the book and their love of it made me really excited", "0wBngErYsEA-00044-00023438-00023837": "about it so I went out and bought it and then it picked up yet so that's kind of", "0wBngErYsEA-00045-00023837-00024390": "my goal and then the last book I want to try to prior toward the LA the last book", "0wBngErYsEA-00046-00024390-00025028": "I wanna well not the last book on the fifth book I wanna prior prioritize and", "0wBngErYsEA-00047-00025028-00025531": "2018 is the prince of dreams by Kurt Benjamin", "0wBngErYsEA-00048-00025531-00025969": "you read this series back in high school it's the southern brother series this is", "0wBngErYsEA-00049-00025969-00026537": "the second book in the series and I just remember absolutely loving it and I've", "0wBngErYsEA-00050-00026537-00026891": "been a really long time since I read it and I wanted to get back into him again", "0wBngErYsEA-00051-00026891-00027397": "so I read the first one last year and then started the second one and then", "0wBngErYsEA-00052-00027397-00027664": "just kind of put it down and got distracted by something else that", "0wBngErYsEA-00053-00027664-00028055": "happened a lot last year so the third question is what genre do you want to", "0wBngErYsEA-00054-00028055-00028511": "read more of I already read a lot of fantasy so I don't necessarily want to", "0wBngErYsEA-00055-00028511-00029008": "say I want to read more of that but I do but I want to read more fast it's a", "0wBngErYsEA-00056-00029008-00029419": "fantasy if that makes sense like I want to read more diversity I'll see for sure", "0wBngErYsEA-00057-00029419-00030070": "a fantasy that's not written by white men no even white women that focus", "0wBngErYsEA-00058-00030070-00030497": "around different cultures and even translated fantasy just to see how like", "0wBngErYsEA-00059-00030497-00031043": "their fantasy differs from our fantasy here in the u.s. so it's kind of an one", "0wBngErYsEA-00060-00031043-00031487": "of them and then another one is collections or short story collections", "0wBngErYsEA-00061-00031487-00031883": "that are done by the same author I've just seen a lot popping up and they", "0wBngErYsEA-00062-00031883-00032239": "sound really interesting they seem like a lot of fun and they seem a little bit", "0wBngErYsEA-00063-00032239-00032675": "easier because you can just kind of read one and it's a bit shorter so you don't", "0wBngErYsEA-00064-00032675-00033253": "have to like commit a really long time so like if I'm at work and I'm on break", "0wBngErYsEA-00065-00033253-00033575": "like that maybe I can get through run or half of one instead of getting like", "0wBngErYsEA-00066-00033575-00033857": "sucked into the story and then being at a crucial part and then have to get off", "0wBngErYsEA-00067-00033857-00034613": "break question four is name three non book related goals I have in 2018", "0wBngErYsEA-00068-00034613-00035258": "this is a book related was booktube related so I hope it counts but it's", "0wBngErYsEA-00069-00035258-00035768": "just upload more consistently I I'm really bad at at that right now", "0wBngErYsEA-00070-00035768-00036397": "I just kind of upload whatever sometimes I'd go really long and then but when I", "0wBngErYsEA-00071-00036397-00036674": "wanna since I want to upload consistently that means I also have to", "0wBngErYsEA-00072-00036674-00037061": "film more consistently and edit more consistently kind of be a bit up on my", "0wBngErYsEA-00073-00037061-00037490": "game and I kind of want to get more into a routine of doing those things another", "0wBngErYsEA-00074-00037490-00037943": "goal for myself I have as I want to eat healthier just cuz last year was a", "0wBngErYsEA-00075-00037943-00038462": "pretty rough year for me and I was not really all that healthy and so that's", "0wBngErYsEA-00076-00038462-00038909": "pretty broad so I just want to meal prep at least one meal a week we're just I", "0wBngErYsEA-00077-00038909-00039388": "make everything on one day and then I just set it aside for later and I just", "0wBngErYsEA-00078-00039388-00039779": "can grab it and go which will you helps because I do work two jobs so it makes", "0wBngErYsEA-00079-00039779-00040352": "it easier if I don't have to come home from work and like nobody wants to do", "0wBngErYsEA-00080-00040352-00040604": "anything when they come home from work so I don't have to cook my meal anything", "0wBngErYsEA-00081-00040604-00040907": "I can just kind of reheat it that's already made and this way I'll get be", "0wBngErYsEA-00082-00040907-00041462": "able to use fresher produce and try different foods that way and the third", "0wBngErYsEA-00083-00041462-00041966": "goal I got for myself is I want to start exercising again like I said last year", "0wBngErYsEA-00084-00041966-00042410": "was really rough I didn't do much of anything healthy last year um but", "0wBngErYsEA-00085-00042410-00042734": "because that's also a broad one I've started myself off at a really low goal", "0wBngErYsEA-00086-00042734-00043202": "I want to exercise at least fifteen minutes three days a week it doesn't", "0wBngErYsEA-00087-00043202-00043591": "sound like a lot and it really isn't but at least if I can start doing that", "0wBngErYsEA-00088-00043591-00044159": "consistently I can start kind of upping the minutes or how often I do it just", "0wBngErYsEA-00089-00044159-00044630": "because if I don't want to like jump in and be like I have to exercise an hour", "0wBngErYsEA-00090-00044630-00045022": "and a half every three days or like every other day like it's just like I", "0wBngErYsEA-00091-00045022-00045260": "don't want to intimidate myself into not doing it", "0wBngErYsEA-00092-00045260-00045728": "question five is what book have you had forever that you still need to read as", "0wBngErYsEA-00093-00045728-00046190": "mentioned earlier I have a lot of these um because I tried doing a TV I", "0wBngErYsEA-00094-00046190-00046636": "rediscovered thing actually about bookshelf full of books I've gone", "0wBngErYsEA-00095-00046636-00047372": "forever ago but one that I really need to read kind of it's a weird situation", "0wBngErYsEA-00096-00047372-00048088": "is um it's called the dragon crown Dragon Con trilogies trilogy I think", "0wBngErYsEA-00097-00048088-00048725": "that's what it is by Michael a stack pull I I read the series way back in", "0wBngErYsEA-00098-00048725-00049232": "high school but at the time I was only interested in like two characters so I", "0wBngErYsEA-00099-00049232-00049772": "would skip through and only read their sections which is really bad because it", "0wBngErYsEA-00100-00049772-00050276": "is it is an epic fantasy so it's like its own world they deal with at least", "0wBngErYsEA-00101-00050276-00050741": "from what I remember it deals with a lot of stuff and so I missed out like I", "0wBngErYsEA-00102-00050741-00050918": "couldn't even end up finishing the third book", "0wBngErYsEA-00103-00050918-00051500": "in the trilogy because I had no idea what was going on so there's a prequel", "0wBngErYsEA-00104-00051500-00051871": "sigh I reread the prequel last year and I just kind of need to get back into", "0wBngErYsEA-00105-00051871-00052448": "reading on and make sure I don't skip to the parts that I just want to read I did", "0wBngErYsEA-00106-00052448-00052754": "that a lot when I was a kid right in high school I was I was a bad reader", "0wBngErYsEA-00107-00052754-00053471": "number six is one word that you were hoping 2018 will be the word I chose was", "0wBngErYsEA-00108-00053471-00054085": "full just because I want it to be really full of moments and opportunities and", "0wBngErYsEA-00109-00054085-00054647": "just saying yes and yes to things instead of like sitting in my room and", "0wBngErYsEA-00110-00054647-00055346": "not doing anything ever trying to be a bit more extroverted which doesn't sound", "0wBngErYsEA-00111-00055346-00055748": "fun but just trying to do more things haven't really gone on a lot of trips", "0wBngErYsEA-00112-00055748-00056144": "and I always do I always want to do trips and like travel more and so that's", "0wBngErYsEA-00113-00056144-00056629": "kind of just like I'm I've committed this year to starting doing that like I", "0wBngErYsEA-00114-00056629-00056969": "can't go on money because I don't make a lot of money but like at least maybe go", "0wBngErYsEA-00115-00056969-00057490": "on smaller trips and try other things and just have more moments I guess", "0wBngErYsEA-00116-00057490-00057995": "number 7 which isn't a question is just tag a friend so I do tagging well there", "0wBngErYsEA-00117-00057995-00058427": "they're not really a friend but I hope they will be come on it'll be nice", "0wBngErYsEA-00118-00058427-00059245": "I am tagging Alex's fiction addiction I've only seen a few of their videos I", "0wBngErYsEA-00119-00059245-00059591": "don't think they've done this video yet maybe they have one or maybe they've", "0wBngErYsEA-00120-00059591-00060212": "already been tagged but I really like what they have to say so far I really", "0wBngErYsEA-00121-00060212-00060749": "love their videos so yeah well until the next video", "0wBngErYsEA-00122-00060749-00061633": "Tata for now"}}, {"audio_id": "0wWAlpu381A", "text": {"0wWAlpu381A-00000-00000013-00000403": "this! This will take my emeralds!", "0wWAlpu381A-00001-00002815-00003015": "shit.."}}, {"audio_id": "0wY_MEOi3J4", "text": {"0wY_MEOi3J4-00000-00000656-00001408": "Good morning, yes it's 10:30 here and as I say in these cases certainly not one", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00001-00001408-00002399": "very early morning, a late morning but still morning, mr, master, maestro or simply", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00002-00002399-00003036": "simply or", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00003-00003036-00003444": "simply David Lynch?", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00004-00003444-00004038": "It's May 14th, 2022 and it's a Saturday.", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00005-00004038-00004259": "Here in Naples 71.6", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00006-00004259-00005027": "fahrenheit around 22 celsius, I must say that this temperature has been stable for several", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00007-00005027-00005127": "days,", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00008-00005127-00005783": "well so, optimal temperature and in this moment a clear, clear afternoon, very still right", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00009-00005783-00007378": "now and with these degrees this means that it's that day really, really, really, really soft like in these days and", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00010-00007378-00007777": "in this", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00011-00007777-00008224": "period and it seems more a Summer climate than Spring climate.", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00012-00008224-00008478": "Yes, indeed it is.", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00013-00008478-00008893": "As regard the video-thought I don't know if I'll do it, but if I'll do it is always separate", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00014-00008893-00008993": "from this.", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00015-00008993-00009454": "So eyes open if you're interested.", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00016-00009454-00010578": "Anyway as he and you all just see from the window:", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00017-00010578-00011199": "I think that this afternoon the temperature could still rise,", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00018-00011199-00011679": "but the really important thing, of course we're never magicians about this but we'll", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00019-00011679-00011779": "see.", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00020-00011779-00013080": "But the really important thing with this atmosphere is that today we have, we have those", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00021-00013080-00014262": "beautiful, those beautiful, those beautiful, those beautiful, those beautiful blue skies", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00022-00014262-00014362": "and", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00023-00014362-00014694": "golden sunshine and I think all along the way.", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00024-00014694-00014975": "Obviously all along the way here always", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00025-00014975-00015418": "a few hours less being a different time than where you live.", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00026-00015418-00015529": "We hope therefore", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00027-00015529-00016084": "to continue with this trend, which has been going on for several days, even tomorrow.", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00028-00016084-00016684": "So, said this: so from the mythical window with the red, orange, blue, green water courtain", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00029-00016684-00017631": "and its green", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00030-00017731-00018626": "roller shooter behind me, on the top not visible and in fact here in the shot", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00031-00018626-00020053": "and finally from my mythical keyboard Yamaha DGX640 YPG, YPG-625", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00032-00020350-00020531": "have a great day him, all the", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00033-00020531-00020792": "people who follow the channel and the reports, yes a greeting", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00034-00020792-00021184": "really everyone and also I hope you all have a great breakfast,", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00035-00021184-00021618": "my stomach growls, I don't know if you hear it and above all I hope you can console yourself", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00036-00021618-00021718": "with the", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00037-00021718-00022157": "your nice breakfast if in your part the weather should be bad compared to here.", "0wY_MEOi3J4-00038-00022157-00022652": "I'll see you in the video-thoughts if I'll do it or tomorrow!"}}, {"audio_id": "0xqlUqp581M", "text": {"0xqlUqp581M-00000-00000000-00000488": "Hey guys, this is Parker from Animoplex.com and I'm here to show you a new freebie", "0xqlUqp581M-00001-00000488-00000834": "called Kinetic Flame for After Effects CS5 or later.", "0xqlUqp581M-00002-00000834-00001179": "Now, this was designed to be an easy-to-use rig for animating abstract", "0xqlUqp581M-00003-00001179-00001647": "flame and fire effects and, as you can see, it resembles some sort of magical", "0xqlUqp581M-00004-00001647-00001886": "fire wisp that's very energetic.", "0xqlUqp581M-00005-00001886-00002283": "The only requirements for using this template is: 1) You must work in 32-bit", "0xqlUqp581M-00006-00002283-00002768": "color mode for the flame to render, and 2) you must have Trapcode Particular 2.0", "0xqlUqp581M-00007-00002768-00003340": "or later installed on After Effects CS5. I'm going to give you a quick overview", "0xqlUqp581M-00008-00003340-00003615": "and then let you go experiment to your heart's content.", "0xqlUqp581M-00009-00003660-00004072": "Okay, so the first thing I'm going to do is open up the After Effects template", "0xqlUqp581M-00010-00004074-00004412": "with After Effects, I have CC14 here.", "0xqlUqp581M-00011-00004412-00004846": "Now, once it's open, you'll notice there's a single composition and two solids,", "0xqlUqp581M-00012-00004846-00004974": "so it's pretty simple.", "0xqlUqp581M-00013-00005028-00005360": "Now, there's a controller layer at the top of the composition.", "0xqlUqp581M-00014-00005361-00005802": "This is the backbone of the rig and it controls all the settings for how the", "0xqlUqp581M-00015-00005802-00006252": "flame interacts with your scene. Below that, you have two other important elements.", "0xqlUqp581M-00016-00006252-00006618": "One is the \"Flame Source\", which is a light object and it needs to have", "0xqlUqp581M-00017-00006618-00006834": "the first word \"Flame\"", "0xqlUqp581M-00018-00006834-00007198": "You'll notice if you change it to something else the flame disappears.", "0xqlUqp581M-00019-00007198-00007866": "That's because the controller is looking for a light object with the first word, \"Flame\"", "0xqlUqp581M-00020-00007981-00008426": "The other important element is the two Particular layers, and this contains all", "0xqlUqp581M-00021-00008427-00008742": "the Particular effects for the flame.", "0xqlUqp581M-00022-00008742-00009090": "You can have more than one light object in the scene, but just know that any", "0xqlUqp581M-00023-00009090-00009606": "changes made to the original \"Light Source\" layer in terms of velocity", "0xqlUqp581M-00024-00009606-00010203": "will affect the second layer. So if this light stops, (this was the original) this one", "0xqlUqp581M-00025-00010203-00010545": "will stop emitting particles because of it, even if it's still moving.", "0xqlUqp581M-00026-00010545-00011032": "Now the way to fix this is to set all four of these \"Speed Affects...\" properties to 0.", "0xqlUqp581M-00027-00011032-00011462": "Basically, this changes these lights to constant emission and now they can be", "0xqlUqp581M-00028-00011463-00011813": "moved independently with different velocities and it doesn't matter.", "0xqlUqp581M-00029-00011906-00012438": "On the \"Controller\" layer, the first slider here \"Speed Display\" is to display the current", "0xqlUqp581M-00030-00012438-00012824": "velocity of your light object. You can keyframe the light object position directly", "0xqlUqp581M-00031-00012824-00013080": "or parent it to another layer like I've done here.", "0xqlUqp581M-00032-00013124-00013488": "Other settings on the Controller layer reference this value and it's not", "0xqlUqp581M-00033-00013488-00013779": "meant to be keyframed, hence the title, \"Display\"", "0xqlUqp581M-00034-00013779-00014166": "Now the four \"Speed Affects...\" properties here allow you to choose if you want the", "0xqlUqp581M-00035-00014166-00014590": "number of particles emitted to be based on the light object's velocity,", "0xqlUqp581M-00036-00014590-00015091": "or constant emission, or a mixture in between. So here, I've set all of them to", "0xqlUqp581M-00037-00015093-00015569": "50% and it's blending halfway between velocity-driven and constant emission.", "0xqlUqp581M-00038-00015569-00016041": "You can play with these and see what effect you like. Now, \"Particle Density\" is", "0xqlUqp581M-00039-00016041-00016440": "just the number of particles emitted per second, so by default it's 150. I'm going", "0xqlUqp581M-00040-00016440-00016740": "to change it to 300, and you'll see twice as many particles here.", "0xqlUqp581M-00041-00016778-00017388": "\"Flame Size\" also dictates the size of each of these particles.", "0xqlUqp581M-00042-00017444-00017920": "Now you'll notice they just got much larger, you can also change the \"Ember Size\"", "0xqlUqp581M-00043-00017920-00018448": "and the \"Dust Size\" as well. But that's kinda crazy, so I'm going to undo that.", "0xqlUqp581M-00044-00018534-00018952": "The four \"Color\" settings here are pretty self-explanatory, so you can choose", "0xqlUqp581M-00045-00018990-00019122": "any color you'd like here.", "0xqlUqp581M-00046-00019122-00019464": "Now, keep in mind, on top of these \"Color\" selections,", "0xqlUqp581M-00047-00019464-00019851": "it's going to randomize them by another 30% to make the particles seem", "0xqlUqp581M-00048-00019851-00020016": "a little bit more alive.", "0xqlUqp581M-00049-00020016-00020400": "You get a little bit more variance in there. Now the \"Brightness\" setting is", "0xqlUqp581M-00050-00020400-00020667": "meant to just boost the brightness value.", "0xqlUqp581M-00051-00020667-00021153": "This is going to be really useful on lighter backgrounds. And finally, the four", "0xqlUqp581M-00052-00021153-00021591": "\"Turbulence\" effects here control how turbulent the flames, smoke and embers", "0xqlUqp581M-00053-00021591-00021761": "appear after emission.", "0xqlUqp581M-00054-00021882-00022278": "You can increase or decrease this rig size simply by changing the solid layer", "0xqlUqp581M-00055-00022278-00022794": "size from 1920 x 1080 to any size you'd like. The rig will scale and contract to", "0xqlUqp581M-00056-00022794-00023187": "any size although you may need to manually scale the \"Size\" settings and", "0xqlUqp581M-00057-00023187-00023751": "probably the \"Particle Density\" accordingly to avoid extremely small or large flame sizes.", "0xqlUqp581M-00058-00023848-00024251": "Now, one last note, if the \"Controller\" layer is removed or renamed, in this case", "0xqlUqp581M-00059-00024251-00024635": "I'm just going to delete it out of the composition, each property will revert to", "0xqlUqp581M-00060-00024636-00025094": "a default setting until the layer is restored. This is to avoid expression errors", "0xqlUqp581M-00061-00025094-00025422": "in your composition and can easily be fixed with an undo.", "0xqlUqp581M-00062-00025474-00025789": "Inspiration for this flame effect comes from a project called", "0xqlUqp581M-00063-00025791-00026051": "\"Particular Nebula\" by Mattrunks (www.mattrunks.com)", "0xqlUqp581M-00064-00026051-00026378": "and it's a really interesting effect. I've spent a lot of time working with it", "0xqlUqp581M-00065-00026378-00026534": "and creating this template.", "0xqlUqp581M-00066-00026564-00026945": "I've attempted to streamline the process based on my own uses and make it a", "0xqlUqp581M-00067-00026945-00027389": "really fast render as well. I hope this template is exactly what you're looking", "0xqlUqp581M-00068-00027389-00027745": "for and it inspires you to build something beautiful and unique.", "0xqlUqp581M-00069-00027786-00028133": "If you've created something with it or have any questions at all please leave", "0xqlUqp581M-00070-00028133-00028480": "me a comment or email me:  support@animoplex.com", "0xqlUqp581M-00071-00028480-00028672": "and I'd love to take a look.", "0xqlUqp581M-00072-00028706-00029054": "If you're interested in a pre-built logo animation using this effect,", "0xqlUqp581M-00073-00029055-00029380": "I've got a template available for purchase and you can find the links below.", "0xqlUqp581M-00074-00029380-00029774": "It has pre-rendered effects, no need for plugins, but an optional project file", "0xqlUqp581M-00075-00029774-00030039": "with plugins is available if you want to customize it.", "0xqlUqp581M-00076-00030082-00030310": "As always, thanks for watching!"}}, {"audio_id": "0x-KNLvHuEA", "text": {"0x-KNLvHuEA-00000-00000000-00002127": "SUBSCRIBE!!!!!", "0x-KNLvHuEA-00001-00002127-00017825": "OUR SPOTIFY👇🏾❤"}}, {"audio_id": "0xFA2HAAUoI", "text": {"0xFA2HAAUoI-00000-00000000-00000591": "Get out from Silver and Nova withthis tutorial", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00001-00000591-00000991": "CT", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00002-00001550-00002475": "*Rightclick*", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00003-00003086-00004415": "Enemy Perspective", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00004-00004655-00005366": "One-way in Aps", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00005-00006501-00007231": "The same One-way but easier and more risky", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00006-00007231-00007556": "Right click", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00007-00007556-00008331": "If you want to see how to use one in a real match, click the video I suggest you above", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00008-00008800-00009444": "Enemy Perspective", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00009-00011052-00011612": "*Left click*", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00010-00012110-00013034": "It's not too probable that the enemy could see you, but you'll see it first.", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00011-00014033-00014506": "Enemy Perspective", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00012-00015905-00016295": "*Right click*", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00013-00016596-00017017": "Just peek the necessary time", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00014-00018718-00019013": "*Right click*", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00015-00021512-00022000": "*You must keep holding both clicks*", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00016-00023500-00023769": "Enemy Perspective", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00017-00024000-00025081": "Here, two people are needed. One must get burned and the other must throw the smoke to the one who is burning.", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00018-00025381-00025700": "This is the result", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00019-00026300-00026843": "*You must keep holding both clicks*", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00020-00027043-00027304": "Enemy Perspective", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00021-00028203-00028558": "*Right click*", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00022-00028759-00029294": "Enemy perspective", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00023-00030000-00030400": "*You must keep holding both clicks*", "0xFA2HAAUoI-00024-00030500-00031023": "Enemy perspective"}}, {"audio_id": "0y8pLMhXYso", "text": {"0y8pLMhXYso-00000-00000006-00000361": "I'm standing here with Joakim Jardenberg.", "0y8pLMhXYso-00001-00000361-00000728": "Please introduce yourself.", "0y8pLMhXYso-00002-00000729-00001034": "I'm a consultant, I'm a senior consultant and I'm an", "0y8pLMhXYso-00003-00001034-00001525": "investor in a lot of tech startups and I'm also embracing", "0y8pLMhXYso-00004-00001525-00001844": "open data and embracing change.", "0y8pLMhXYso-00005-00001844-00002293": "You've been here at the seminar that has been dealing with culture", "0y8pLMhXYso-00006-00002293-00002609": "heritage information here at the Royal armor in Stockholm,", "0y8pLMhXYso-00007-00002609-00002974": "what do you think has been the most important issue here today?", "0y8pLMhXYso-00008-00002974-00003464": "The necessity of things. I think we're standing at the position today where", "0y8pLMhXYso-00009-00003526-00003960": "it's not a question of if, it's a question of how this information should be released", "0y8pLMhXYso-00010-00004022-00004369": "and under what forms and in what ways so", "0y8pLMhXYso-00011-00004369-00004721": "I feel that there is definitely a deep understanding today", "0y8pLMhXYso-00012-00004721-00005137": "that the common cultural heritage is common and it should be", "0y8pLMhXYso-00013-00005137-00005550": "freely available for everyone. The question is how to get there", "0y8pLMhXYso-00014-00005550-00005903": "What do you see as the greatest problems to make this happen today?", "0y8pLMhXYso-00015-00005903-00006307": "Well, I guess it's still copyrights,", "0y8pLMhXYso-00016-00006307-00006620": "every country has its own legislation", "0y8pLMhXYso-00017-00006620-00006989": "but there is some kind of copyright everywhere and that is still something", "0y8pLMhXYso-00018-00007125-00007447": "thats gets in the way in in a very naughty way.", "0y8pLMhXYso-00019-00007447-00007748": "It's not in the intention of the", "0y8pLMhXYso-00020-00007748-00008148": "original copyrights intention, it's something that is", "0y8pLMhXYso-00021-00008148-00008549": "almost abused today as as a means of", "0y8pLMhXYso-00022-00008549-00008895": "not doing things the right way.", "0y8pLMhXYso-00023-00008895-00009079": "Thank you!"}}, {"audio_id": "0yDx8FH_BqI", "text": {"0yDx8FH_BqI-00000-00000829-00001727": "In 1982, we were fortunate that right in this very room, we had Texas Instruments and Texas", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00001-00001727-00002432": "Instruments wanted to set up an offshore delivery center and mind you in 1982 we did not even", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00002-00002432-00002706": "have computers in that sense.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00003-00002706-00003407": "Our chairman Mr. Valliappa, succeeded in getting Texas Instruments to Bangalore, to Sona Towers", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00004-00003407-00003657": "and that's how TI started.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00005-00003657-00004323": "We also brought in companies like Oracle, we brought in companies like Cisco, Verifone", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00006-00004323-00004453": "and a host of others.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00007-00004453-00005057": "And in 1996, we made the play to go and take over Texas Instruments facility and then converted", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00008-00005057-00005379": "that into Valliappa Software Technology Park.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00009-00005379-00006130": "In 99 Cigna Healthcare, which is one of the largest healthcare insurance companies in", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00010-00006130-00006670": "America was looking at a partner in India to process their claims.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00011-00006670-00007494": "So, with that kind of background, experiance and infrastructure management, Vee Technologies", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00012-00007494-00007741": "started in 99.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00013-00007741-00008383": "We started with Cigna Healthcare like I said, and then Athena came in and started off.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00014-00008383-00008845": "Today we are in multiple areas, in Bangalore as well as in Salem.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00015-00008845-00009501": "As well as globally, we have office in the U.S and people working from 14 different cities", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00016-00009501-00010255": "in the U.S and we also have strong presence in Europe, the outer space manufacturing industry", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00017-00010255-00010445": "between France and Germany.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00018-00010445-00011194": "A total global enterprise spanning across geographies of Asia, Europe as well as the", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00019-00011194-00011294": "Americas.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00020-00011294-00011735": "Youngsters today have a very different way of learning.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00021-00011735-00011923": "We would like to make learning enjoyable.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00022-00011923-00012410": "So, that's what we've done, we've built the whole learning platform in a learning management", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00023-00012410-00012510": "system.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00024-00012510-00013081": "We've created gaming scenarios and all our training is done through gamification process.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00025-00013081-00013769": "So, we have three diffrent levels of learning which is Discoverer, Explorer and Conqueror.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00026-00013769-00014316": "These are games which are presented to you in different scenarios and in different formats.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00027-00014316-00014951": "The belief in Vee Technologies today is \"Learning is a journey and never a destination\".", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00028-00014951-00015482": "So, we always believe there's more to learn in life.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00029-00015482-00016612": "BPOs started early 2000 and Vee Technologies is the first few who captured this market", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00030-00016612-00017017": "and today we have over 1600 people working.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00031-00017017-00017612": "BPO happens to be earlier days doing simple Data Entry, attending to calls.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00032-00017612-00018388": "We graduated from BPO version 1 to BPO version 3 and today we have gone to Business Process", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00033-00018388-00018488": "Management.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00034-00018488-00019194": "For young graduates, it's not monotonous job, it would be value-added, consultative and", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00035-00019194-00019431": "that's where today Vee Technologies is seen.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00036-00019431-00020115": "Where we started with a humble begining, today we consult with very large organization, they", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00037-00020115-00020793": "call it Fortune 500 companies in the world with whom we we interact and provide their", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00038-00020793-00020963": "backend support.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00039-00020963-00021693": "Oppurtunities that are available for the BPM in India, we've already touched 1,20,000 crores", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00040-00021693-00022154": "of business in India in this space.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00041-00022154-00022708": "And right now our employment is about 10 lakh people are working in this industry which", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00042-00022708-00023230": "is likely to go to 15-20 lakhs in the next 10-15 years.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00043-00023230-00023879": "And definately over the next 20 years, you will find Indian skilled knowledge workers", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00044-00023879-00024179": "would be extremely in demand.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00045-00024179-00024727": "So lot of young talents would be required in this industry and definitely Vee Technologies", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00046-00024727-00025206": "will be using some of these resources for few of its clients.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00047-00025206-00026160": "Today we are proud to say that we do consultancy work for large companies, airlines, insurance", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00048-00026160-00026856": "companies, hospitals and provider groups in the U.S and there rest of the world.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00049-00026856-00027471": "Every young Indian should be proud of the accomplishments that the community as a whole", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00050-00027471-00028338": "BPM industry has brought to the country and brought lawrence to the industry in particular.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00051-00028338-00029118": "And I am sure that each one of you would strive to join companies like Vee Technologies to", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00052-00029118-00029787": "utilize your skills, carry out your career aspirations to be a part of a large organization", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00053-00029787-00030612": "in the growth towards building this greater industry.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00054-00030612-00030899": "We work with multiple verticles.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00055-00030899-00031833": "We have a healthcare vertical, which consists of the insurance of the payor side and the", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00056-00031833-00032327": "doctor of the provider segment of Healthcare.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00057-00032327-00033096": "Our focus is mainly on the US Healthcare, it's a very huge market.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00058-00033096-00034188": "We do a lot of back office work for large hospitals, medium hospitals, large clinics,", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00059-00034188-00034631": "large group of providers and diffrent billing companies.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00060-00034631-00035490": "Our next major vertical is Engineering Services, where our clients are Engineering companies,", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00061-00035490-00036099": "Manufacturing companies, Aircraft companies with gun cleints in Europe, the US and the", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00062-00036099-00036325": "Asia as well.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00063-00036325-00036655": "Then comes the next largest vertical, Logistics.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00064-00036655-00037261": "Another interesting vertical that we operate is the Media Tracking and Monitoring, hundreds", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00065-00037261-00037521": "of clients are using our services.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00066-00037521-00038112": "Another major verticle, Finance and Accounting services where we do payroll services, invoice", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00067-00038112-00038336": "processing services, Accounts payable.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00068-00038336-00039061": "Clients are spread accross Europe, US and the Asian and Australian continents.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00069-00039061-00039288": "Vee Technologies is a premium backoffice operating company.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00070-00039288-00039755": "We are a very specialized company, with the share experiance that we have got within this", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00071-00039755-00040243": "industry over the last 12 years, we have processed over millions of claims each year and focusing", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00072-00040243-00040665": "on our business value proposition which is Accuracy, Competency and Team work.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00073-00040665-00041227": "Accuracy, because, the importance of accuracy is very very critical for the customer pace", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00074-00041227-00041574": "because we are dealing with the patients and insurance claims.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00075-00041574-00042131": "Every dollar in the claim, every detail, every aspect of the claim is very very important.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00076-00042131-00042580": "And we're very good at this because, we follow some international standards, such as Kaizen", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00077-00042580-00042763": "and Hoshin Kanri principles.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00078-00042763-00043222": "When issues happen in the processing level, we not only go back to the individual but", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00079-00043222-00043380": "we retain the whole team.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00080-00043380-00043965": "By doing this the team gets motivated, encouraged to do a better job the next time.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00081-00043965-00044471": "How that dependability comes to the picture is the trust factor that the customer and", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00082-00044471-00044875": "their Cheif Operating Officer or their CFOs have on us.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00083-00044875-00045383": "They are handling something which is close to their heart and to trust somebody 12000", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00084-00045383-00045883": "miles away, and give the whole backoffice operation to them, speaks volumes by itself.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00085-00045883-00046459": "The trust factor is in-built into our DNA because the longitivity of the company, we", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00086-00046459-00046913": "always believe that it's not just a client and a vendor relationship but it's a marriage", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00087-00046913-00047146": "between two organizations.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00088-00047146-00047799": "Vee Create is the Engineering division of Vee Technologies.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00089-00047799-00048393": "We support Aerospace, Automotive and Industrial design applications.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00090-00048393-00049159": "Our Animation department is supporting defense solutions, Defense departments through the", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00091-00049159-00049330": "CBT - Computer based trainig.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00092-00049330-00049984": "On the Aerospace sectors, we are supporting interior design and failure rate calculations", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00093-00049984-00050909": "and then for the manuscript writing, technical publications for the CMM - Component Maintenance", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00094-00050909-00051133": "Manual and other reports.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00095-00051133-00051470": "ISO IS9100 are our quality process.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00096-00051470-00052283": "None of the engineering service companies in India has support of strong academic and", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00097-00052283-00052390": "research background.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00098-00052390-00053077": "We have that and we are capable of producing a strong R&D focussed results.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00099-00053077-00053410": "I welcome you to this recruitement drive.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00100-00053410-00054119": "So, our moto at Vee is, any employee who comes into the orginisation has to be learning,", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00101-00054119-00054804": "earning well and should be growing at all times regularly.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00102-00054804-00055667": "We would like to check your competancies for the positions that we are looking at and once", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00103-00055667-00056153": "you go through the selection process, you will have multiple opportunities to go up", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00104-00056153-00056472": "within the organisation and grow with us.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00105-00056472-00057045": "So, anyone who is interested in joining us, would be going through a series of selection", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00106-00057045-00057675": "tests, there could be written test, there could be listening skills, tests that we conduct", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00107-00057675-00058333": "for voice based processes where our employees interact with our clients or any other service", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00108-00058333-00058699": "providers who are involoved in the business.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00109-00058699-00059453": "And employees also go through technical discussions if they have past experiance and all these", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00110-00059453-00060042": "tests lead to conclusion on the fitment of the employee for the particular position.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00111-00060042-00060517": "Then, you get an offer letter from Vee Technologies to join us.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00112-00060517-00060932": "We scrutinize all your educational documents, your background.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00113-00060932-00061815": "All of this is verified as we are a healthcare organisation and give lot of importance to", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00114-00061815-00062342": "the data security, so the right people have to be in this job.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00115-00062342-00063587": "So, our employees get various benefits, which would help them in taking care of their personal", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00116-00063587-00063687": "needs.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00117-00063687-00064342": "The benefits are all the social security contributions like employees get provident fund, which helps", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00118-00064342-00065275": "them in the long run as a saving as well as also earn pension after 10 years of service.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00119-00065275-00065819": "And, we also provide the mediacl insurance cover where we have the government insurance", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00120-00065819-00066463": "which employees are covered under, the employees take insurance and this is an excellent scheme", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00121-00066463-00066837": "from the government which protects the entire family.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00122-00066837-00067507": "Thats the employee himself, his parents, spouse, chideren, all of them are covered.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00123-00067507-00068074": "And the healthcare benefits can range upto 5 lakhs, 6 lakhs, there is no restriction", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00124-00068074-00068325": "on the ESI benifits provided.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00125-00068325-00069294": "Apart from that employees get mediclaim benefits if they are not covered under ESI, where their", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00126-00069294-00069394": "family and childeren are covered.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00127-00069394-00069614": "If a employee is staying with the organisation as a graduatee benefit, thats provided.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00128-00069614-00070483": "So, we are an organisation which work in the interest of the employees and provide all", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00129-00070483-00071169": "these necessary benefits that would make an employee's life easy to handle from the medical", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00130-00071169-00071669": "requirements, or the future fund requirements that they would have.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00131-00071669-00072455": "So, apart from this, we have salaries which is at par with the industry.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00132-00072455-00073138": "And, these salaries are structured in such a way that a preforming person gets to earn", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00133-00073138-00073351": "much higher as per her potential.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00134-00073351-00074019": "The salary is divided into a fixed salary and there is a salary which is linked to the", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00135-00074019-00074506": "performance of the individual which keeps varying and there are lot of incentive programs", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00136-00074506-00074660": "that we give out to our employees who are top performers.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00137-00074660-00075349": "So, most of our employees who have been choosen through regular selection process, about 85", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00138-00075349-00075992": "to 90% of them also get into earning additional incentive, and this incentive can be as high", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00139-00075992-00076375": "as almost the salary that an employee would draw.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00140-00076375-00076889": "The incentive schemes are structured in such a way that for every little thing that you", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00141-00076889-00077289": "do, there's a production based incentive, there is a consistancy based incentive, there's", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00142-00077289-00077481": "quality incentives.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00143-00077481-00078127": "So, the idea behind all these plans of your salary or compensation is to make you better", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00144-00078127-00078407": "and also make you earn and reward you for the good work that you do.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00145-00078407-00079404": "There are  a lot of intangible benefits that the employee", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00146-00079404-00079504": "could look at.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00147-00079504-00079818": "So, theres lot of focus on regular development of an employee.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00148-00079818-00080116": "Your tongue has to get used to talking in english.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00149-00080116-00080323": "So lets try some tongue twisters now.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00150-00080323-00080758": "if peter piper picked a peck of pickled pepper where is the peck of pickled pepper peter", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00151-00080758-00080858": "piper picked.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00152-00080858-00081700": "So a lot of training is given, source development program is an extensive traing for 4 to 6", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00153-00081700-00082064": "weeks depending on the the area thast you would get into.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00154-00082064-00082242": "What is PPO?", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00155-00082242-00082419": "Preferred Provider Organisation.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00156-00082419-00082519": "Ok.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00157-00082519-00082774": "Now, who is this PCP?", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00158-00082774-00083601": "Ok, hes the Primary Care Physicain, the person the patient sees for any type of a treatment.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00159-00083601-00083768": "So, the PCP has to refer the patient to a specialist.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00160-00083768-00084498": "So, when he chooses an HMO plan, he has to choose who is gonna be his PCP.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00161-00084498-00085097": "Ok, now, for HMO, patient has only in-network benefits, no out of network benefits.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00162-00085097-00085632": "If he has an HMO plan and if he sees in-network doctors, hospitals, in that case, his reimbursement", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00163-00085632-00085732": "will be 100% ok.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00164-00085732-00086687": "If a patient goes to out of network what happens?", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00165-00086687-00087281": "There is no out of network benefits, in that case the bill will not be paid.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00166-00087281-00087651": "So, employees performance is monitered on a weekly, monthly basis.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00167-00087651-00088117": "There are a lot of feedbacks given to the employee by the quality team by the leaders,", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00168-00088117-00088710": "based on which the employee gets an opputunity to look at the areas of improvement and work", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00169-00088710-00088810": "on them, on their own.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00170-00088810-00089244": "There are self paced learning that we do, where the employee learns on his own at his", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00171-00089244-00089402": "own pace and becomes better.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00172-00089402-00090043": "This is one of the ways of making an employee grow in the organisation. in addition to this,", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00173-00090043-00090656": "we do lot of regular training programs on the floor, off the floor, there will be in", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00174-00090656-00091214": "house trainers who would be trainig our employees and educating them on how the business works", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00175-00091214-00091373": "from the next level roles.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00176-00091373-00092127": "So, it is good as attending any kind of management programs, all the management lessons are regularly", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00177-00092127-00092674": "taken at our facility where our trainers train our employees on business skills, client management", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00178-00092674-00092774": "several factors.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00179-00092774-00093444": "So, this advances you from a trainee to futher level where you can continuously keep improving", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00180-00093444-00093672": "and futher grow with the organisation.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00181-00093672-00094293": "This happening to break the monotony in the work, so employees are always welcome to participate", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00182-00094293-00094437": "in these events.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00183-00094437-00095049": "There are fun fridays, there are monthly celebrations, we celebrate all the national festivals, so", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00184-00095049-00095699": "always there is fun and activity going on, so, its a live environment that the employee", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00185-00095699-00095799": "is working in.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00186-00095799-00096130": "It's not just you come and sit in your desk, do your job and get back.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00187-00096130-00096405": "So, it more like a family environment I could say.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00188-00096405-00097117": "We have various sports activities happening at our facility like in our salem facility", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00189-00097117-00097988": "we have volley ball court, people can play cricket over there, our college where people", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00190-00097988-00098207": "go and play other games, indoor games, then we also have swimming pools which our employees", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00191-00098207-00098307": "use.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00192-00098307-00098861": "Theres college library that is available to the employees for improving their knowledge", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00193-00098861-00098961": "regularly.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00194-00098961-00099768": "So, all these additional facilities are being available to an employee of Vee.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00195-00099768-00100401": "There are daily recognitions that happen, theres weekly recognition, monthly best performer", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00196-00100401-00100956": "awards, best team awards are given out, monthly birthday celebration that happens where all", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00197-00100956-00101491": "the performers are recognised, the best things done by the employees are talked about in", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00198-00101491-00101593": "this forums.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00199-00101593-00102105": "So, theres annual celebrations that happen, team outings are conducted once in a year,", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00200-00102105-00102362": "theres an outing for the entire organisation.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00201-00102362-00103100": "So, these are some of the employee related events that are conducted.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00202-00103100-00103659": "And there's lot of emphysis lied on internal growth of an employees, within a year or year", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00203-00103659-00104397": "and a half, if you have the skills to grasp the domain properly and you demonstrate the", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00204-00104397-00104696": "flexibility in the leadership ability, you could apply for internal promotion.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00205-00104696-00105219": "Right from an associate to a general manager to a vice president, people have from within", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00206-00105219-00105418": "and we believe in our people.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00207-00105418-00105976": "So, if you are looking at Vee, you are an important asset for us, and it is our duty", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00208-00105976-00106288": "to sharpen your skills and make you better and help you grow.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00209-00106288-00106560": "Because, both of us grow together, it can not be one way.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00210-00106560-00107271": "We are planning to grow from a current size of 1500 plus employees to 4000 plus in about", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00211-00107271-00107773": "12 months to 15 months.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00212-00107773-00108697": "We always believe that we want grow our existing employees, we search our leaders, we mentor", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00213-00108697-00109205": "our managers to become the biggest leaders in this industry.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00214-00109205-00109854": "So, we don't explore from outside, but want to explore inside, so we give them opportunities", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00215-00109854-00110270": "for the people who had been with us, who had laid the foundation.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00216-00110270-00111074": "If you want to join the A team, it's an opportunity accross different wings whether you are a", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00217-00111074-00111718": "voice skill expert or you have a very good analytical or if you are a life sense graduate,", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00218-00111718-00112061": "you will really want to explore the US healthcare market.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00219-00112061-00112501": "It's there a opportunity that we have for the different flavours of the peolple and", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00220-00112501-00112631": "diffrent skill set of the people.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00221-00112631-00113074": "Me, I joined like 5 years back, as a manager and I got promoted as a senior manager, now", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00222-00113074-00113290": "I am an AGM, clients service.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00223-00113290-00114150": "I started as a processor, after 10 or 12 years, I am leading a vertical.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00224-00114150-00114803": "So, with all these 12 years, I have grown from step to step and I have grown in my career.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00225-00114803-00115418": "And one of the exiting things is that for the past 6, 7 years, every year I am in the", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00226-00115418-00115606": "US for 3 to 6 months.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00227-00115606-00115950": "I am working as an assistent manager and taking care of insurance process.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00228-00115950-00116216": "I have in this company in the year 2004.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00229-00116216-00116633": "Since then, I have handled many roles like team leader and production coordinator.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00230-00116633-00117314": "At work, and hard work never goes unnoticed at Vee, which directly relates to career and", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00231-00117314-00117432": "incentives.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00232-00117432-00117930": "My journey with Vee began at 2001, and since then, I've grown over years.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00233-00117930-00118872": "I joined as a process associate, and currently I am leading the insurance vertical in bangalore.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00234-00118872-00119224": "Vee Technologies has been the perfect career launch pad.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00235-00119224-00119507": "I started as an associate trainee.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00236-00119507-00120016": "Through all these years, I moved to team lead, production coordinator, assistent manager,", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00237-00120016-00120200": "and now manager operations.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00238-00120200-00120758": "I have managed finance and logistics operations.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00239-00120758-00121229": "We are global services company, one of the fastest growing in the entire industry, where", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00240-00121229-00121983": "we are well reknownened for our quality, our focus on excellence and are trademarked same", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00241-00121983-00122385": "which is accuracy, competancy, team work.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00242-00122385-00122796": "The feedback that we get from most of our employees is tha Wow, that is a tremendous", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00243-00122796-00123559": "company and I just enjoy being here and I grow, I grow every day.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00244-00123559-00124215": "We have all kinds of creative kinds of training, we do it with games, we try to make it fun,", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00245-00124215-00124649": "but what ever we do, we try to be the very best in the industry and the results show", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00246-00124649-00124749": "us.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00247-00124749-00125161": "We ask the client the other day, you know we want another large deal, and by the way", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00248-00125161-00125780": "these were against more time billion dollar companies that all the resources you can imagine", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00249-00125780-00125933": "and we win against them.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00250-00125933-00126064": "And why do we win?", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00251-00126064-00126785": "And they came back and they said it's your people and it's not just that the commitment,", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00252-00126785-00127377": "though they acheived service levels that are extraordinary, it's their heart, it's their", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00253-00127377-00127600": "focus and their loyalty here.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00254-00127600-00128155": "He is that we're not going to just have jobs here, we are gonna watch your career, we would", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00255-00128155-00128745": "want you to grow and whether it's in India or any other place, we want you to feel, with", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00256-00128745-00129308": "each year I'm not only a better business person, I'm not only giving back to my local community,", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00257-00129308-00129659": "I'm a better person and I'm giving back to the world.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00258-00129659-00130181": "It's the teamwork between India, the USA and all others around the world that makes the", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00259-00130181-00130281": "difference.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00260-00130281-00130919": "Now, it won't be easy, it will be a difficult role because, we expect excellence, we would", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00261-00130919-00131386": "want everything you have got to bring, we expect that and we will look for that.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00262-00131386-00132399": "If you do that, I promise you a flourishing career, a lot of fun and grow and at the end", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00263-00132399-00133077": "of the day, you'll say wow, that job I did well, and now I contributed not only here,", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00264-00133077-00133524": "but around the world, thank you Vee Technologies.", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00265-00133524-00133827": "Well, before that in the advance thank you for considering Vee Technologies, I wish you", "0yDx8FH_BqI-00266-00133827-00134095": "much luck and look forward to meet you in the near future."}}, {"audio_id": "0yb6gPZmHJ4", "text": {"0yb6gPZmHJ4-00000-00000008-00000448": "2020 was a great year, if you’re a masochist. Early in the year, bush fires killed 33", "0yb6gPZmHJ4-00001-00000448-00000888": "Australians, the aptly named “Black Summer” (soon to be renamed to “Not-so-bright Summer”", "0yb6gPZmHJ4-00002-00000888-00001368": "due to racial undertones). Australia was turned into a post-apocalyptic hell zone. Skies were", "0yb6gPZmHJ4-00003-00001368-00001864": "turned blood red. People wore masks in order to not die. The fires gradually subsided but", "0yb6gPZmHJ4-00004-00001864-00002304": "were replaced with coronavirus. International and domestic borders were slammed shut. People", "0yb6gPZmHJ4-00005-00002304-00002840": "were fighting over toilet paper. Masks weren’t recommended. George Floyd died. Did he die from", "0yb6gPZmHJ4-00006-00002840-00003336": "excessive force? Did he die from a fentanyl and methamphetamine overdose? Did he die from COVID?", "0yb6gPZmHJ4-00007-00003336-00003696": "Doesn’t matter. Black Lives Matter and Antifa saw an opportunity to hit the streets and", "0yb6gPZmHJ4-00008-00003696-00004208": "burn down America. Masks were optional. Social distancing unnecessary. But of course, kneeling", "0yb6gPZmHJ4-00009-00004208-00004752": "was mandatory. Protesters burnt the American flag with impunity. Proud Boys burnt the BLM flag and", "0yb6gPZmHJ4-00010-00004752-00005344": "their leader was arrested. Masks became mandatory. Americans voted. Joe Biden ostensibly won, but he", "0yb6gPZmHJ4-00011-00005344-00005880": "let slip that it was actually Kamala Harris who will become president. All in all, 2020 was sh!t."}}, {"audio_id": "0zpUm9Zy96A", "text": {"0zpUm9Zy96A-00000-00000627-00001368": "Good morning mr. and master Lynch.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00001-00001368-00001963": "It's September 26, 2021 and it's a Sunday.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00002-00001963-00002407": "Here in Naples 68 fahrenheit around 21 celsius.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00003-00002407-00003769": "This means that it is a very mild, mild, mild, mild day as in these days and in this period.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00004-00003769-00004342": "There is a really nice atmosphere, a good wind.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00005-00004342-00005228": "First of all, I was thinking about the fact that perhaps today he will talk about weekend projects", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00006-00005228-00005328": "once again", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00007-00005328-00005639": "and so, if so, thank you again in advance", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00008-00005639-00006036": "and spare for his projects as I did yesterday.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00009-00006036-00006786": "Then I thought about the fact that yesterday in his \"Today's Number is?\" came out on 6", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00010-00006786-00007153": "and thinking about this, as my Napoli, my favorite football team", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00011-00007153-00007936": "won the first five consecutive games I hope he will also win the sixth against Cagliari", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00012-00007936-00008036": "tonight.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00013-00008036-00009138": "I was still thinking about the fact that I didn't voluntarily shower for a month.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00014-00009138-00009460": "In fact, the last time was on August 26th.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00015-00009460-00010283": "Maybe if I have time I will explain why in a better description.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00016-00010283-00010836": "And finally maybe I was also thinking about the first The Godfather (1972) why", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00017-00010836-00011297": "a few days ago we celebrated the release anniversary here in Italy.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00018-00011297-00011911": "And precisely by virtue of this perhaps I add something else that concerns me in the", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00019-00011911-00012390": "description, if I have time.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00020-00012390-00014491": "That said, as he just see from the window", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00021-00014491-00015036": "I think that today we don't have those beautiful blue skies and golden sunshine.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00022-00015036-00015672": "There is the sun but it is light, veiled, a warm sun.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00023-00015672-00015859": "But I believe that", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00024-00015859-00016678": "in the next few hours it could cloudy over or even rain.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00025-00016678-00017166": "But as always we'll see.", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00026-00017166-00018277": "So from the mythical window with the coloured courtains and its green shooter, not visible", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00027-00018277-00018447": "here today,", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00028-00018447-00019076": "but there's this beautiful coloured courtains behind me today", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00029-00019076-00019368": "and finally from my mythical keyboard", "0zpUm9Zy96A-00030-00019368-00020351": "have a great day him and everyone too!"}}, {"audio_id": "0zyv3Q8ZncA", "text": {"0zyv3Q8ZncA-00000-00000010-00000156": "THE BUS ALONG HIGH SPEED AND", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00001-00000156-00000163": "THE BUS ALONG HIGH SPEED AND", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00002-00000163-00000580": "THE BUS ALONG HIGH SPEED AND HIGH TRAFFIC VOLUME ROADS.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00003-00000580-00000587": "THE BUS ALONG HIGH SPEED AND HIGH TRAFFIC VOLUME ROADS.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00004-00000587-00000810": "THE BUS ALONG HIGH SPEED AND HIGH TRAFFIC VOLUME ROADS. >>> AFTER NEARLY A WEEK OF", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00005-00000810-00000817": "HIGH TRAFFIC VOLUME ROADS. >>> AFTER NEARLY A WEEK OF", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00006-00000817-00001010": "HIGH TRAFFIC VOLUME ROADS. >>> AFTER NEARLY A WEEK OF COLLECTING SUPPLIES FOR", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00007-00001010-00001017": ">>> AFTER NEARLY A WEEK OF COLLECTING SUPPLIES FOR", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00008-00001017-00001211": ">>> AFTER NEARLY A WEEK OF COLLECTING SUPPLIES FOR HURRICANE MARIA RELIEF, THE", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00009-00001211-00001217": "COLLECTING SUPPLIES FOR HURRICANE MARIA RELIEF, THE", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00010-00001217-00003490": "COLLECTING SUPPLIES FOR HURRICANE MARIA RELIEF, THE DRIVE HAS COME TO A CLOSE.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00011-00003490-00003496": "HURRICANE MARIA RELIEF, THE DRIVE HAS COME TO A CLOSE.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00012-00003496-00003730": "HURRICANE MARIA RELIEF, THE DRIVE HAS COME TO A CLOSE. THE SHAMPOO, SO AND OTHER", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00013-00003730-00003736": "DRIVE HAS COME TO A CLOSE. THE SHAMPOO, SO AND OTHER", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00014-00003736-00004104": "DRIVE HAS COME TO A CLOSE. THE SHAMPOO, SO AND OTHER SUPPLIES HAVE PILED UP AT THE", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00015-00004104-00004110": "THE SHAMPOO, SO AND OTHER SUPPLIES HAVE PILED UP AT THE", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00016-00004110-00004140": "THE SHAMPOO, SO AND OTHER SUPPLIES HAVE PILED UP AT THE COLLEGE.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00017-00004140-00004147": "SUPPLIES HAVE PILED UP AT THE COLLEGE.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00018-00004147-00004210": "SUPPLIES HAVE PILED UP AT THE COLLEGE. DAVID KOBILKA IS HELPING TO", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00019-00004210-00004217": "COLLEGE. DAVID KOBILKA IS HELPING TO", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00020-00004217-00004284": "COLLEGE. DAVID KOBILKA IS HELPING TO  OVERSEE THE PROJECT AND WAS NOT", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00021-00004284-00004290": "DAVID KOBILKA IS HELPING TO  OVERSEE THE PROJECT AND WAS NOT", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00022-00004290-00004357": "DAVID KOBILKA IS HELPING TO  OVERSEE THE PROJECT AND WAS NOT  SURPRISED THE COMMUNITY STEPPED", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00023-00004357-00004364": "OVERSEE THE PROJECT AND WAS NOT  SURPRISED THE COMMUNITY STEPPED", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00024-00004364-00004431": "OVERSEE THE PROJECT AND WAS NOT  SURPRISED THE COMMUNITY STEPPED  UP IN TIME OF NEED.  HE SAW MANY", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00025-00004431-00004437": "SURPRISED THE COMMUNITY STEPPED  UP IN TIME OF NEED.  HE SAW MANY", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00026-00004437-00004501": "SURPRISED THE COMMUNITY STEPPED  UP IN TIME OF NEED.  HE SAW MANY PEOPLE STOPPING BY CAMPUS FOR", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00027-00004501-00004507": "UP IN TIME OF NEED.  HE SAW MANY PEOPLE STOPPING BY CAMPUS FOR", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00028-00004507-00005295": "UP IN TIME OF NEED.  HE SAW MANY PEOPLE STOPPING BY CAMPUS FOR THEIR FIRST TIME JUST TO DONATE.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00029-00005295-00005301": "PEOPLE STOPPING BY CAMPUS FOR THEIR FIRST TIME JUST TO DONATE.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00030-00005301-00005475": "PEOPLE STOPPING BY CAMPUS FOR THEIR FIRST TIME JUST TO DONATE. >> THE MAYOR HAS STEPPED UP AND", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00031-00005475-00005482": "THEIR FIRST TIME JUST TO DONATE. >> THE MAYOR HAS STEPPED UP AND", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00032-00005482-00005608": "THEIR FIRST TIME JUST TO DONATE. >> THE MAYOR HAS STEPPED UP AND HIS LEADERSHIP IS MAKING AN", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00033-00005608-00005615": ">> THE MAYOR HAS STEPPED UP AND HIS LEADERSHIP IS MAKING AN", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00034-00005615-00005719": ">> THE MAYOR HAS STEPPED UP AND HIS LEADERSHIP IS MAKING AN IMPACT ON STUDENTS IN", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00035-00005719-00005725": "HIS LEADERSHIP IS MAKING AN IMPACT ON STUDENTS IN", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00036-00005725-00005755": "HIS LEADERSHIP IS MAKING AN IMPACT ON STUDENTS IN MINNESOTA.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00037-00005755-00005762": "IMPACT ON STUDENTS IN MINNESOTA.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00038-00005762-00005845": "IMPACT ON STUDENTS IN MINNESOTA. >> WE'RE GOING TO REFLECT ON", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00039-00005845-00005852": "MINNESOTA. >> WE'RE GOING TO REFLECT ON", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00040-00005852-00005922": "MINNESOTA. >> WE'RE GOING TO REFLECT ON THAT.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00041-00005922-00005929": ">> WE'RE GOING TO REFLECT ON THAT.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00042-00005929-00006132": ">> WE'RE GOING TO REFLECT ON THAT. THIS IS A NEW CLUB, CIVIC", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00043-00006132-00006139": "THAT. THIS IS A NEW CLUB, CIVIC", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00044-00006139-00006249": "THAT. THIS IS A NEW CLUB, CIVIC ENGAGEMENT GROUP AT THE COLLEGE", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00045-00006249-00006256": "THIS IS A NEW CLUB, CIVIC ENGAGEMENT GROUP AT THE COLLEGE", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00046-00006256-00006396": "THIS IS A NEW CLUB, CIVIC ENGAGEMENT GROUP AT THE COLLEGE AND THIS IS ONE OF THE THINGS", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00047-00006396-00006403": "ENGAGEMENT GROUP AT THE COLLEGE AND THIS IS ONE OF THE THINGS", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00048-00006403-00006499": "ENGAGEMENT GROUP AT THE COLLEGE AND THIS IS ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WE'RE GOING TO TALK ABOUT", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00049-00006499-00006506": "AND THIS IS ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WE'RE GOING TO TALK ABOUT", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00050-00006506-00006666": "AND THIS IS ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WE'RE GOING TO TALK ABOUT AS A TEAM.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00051-00006666-00006673": "THAT WE'RE GOING TO TALK ABOUT AS A TEAM.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00052-00006673-00006846": "THAT WE'RE GOING TO TALK ABOUT AS A TEAM. WHAT DID YOU BRING OUT OF THIS?", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00053-00006846-00006853": "AS A TEAM. WHAT DID YOU BRING OUT OF THIS?", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00054-00006853-00007043": "AS A TEAM. WHAT DID YOU BRING OUT OF THIS? WHAT DID THIS MEAN TO YOU AND", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00055-00007043-00007050": "WHAT DID YOU BRING OUT OF THIS? WHAT DID THIS MEAN TO YOU AND", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00056-00007050-00007163": "WHAT DID YOU BRING OUT OF THIS? WHAT DID THIS MEAN TO YOU AND THAT'S REALLY WHAT I WANT TO", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00057-00007163-00007170": "WHAT DID THIS MEAN TO YOU AND THAT'S REALLY WHAT I WANT TO", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00058-00007170-00007260": "WHAT DID THIS MEAN TO YOU AND THAT'S REALLY WHAT I WANT TO KNOW FROM THESE STUDENTS THAT", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00059-00007260-00007267": "THAT'S REALLY WHAT I WANT TO KNOW FROM THESE STUDENTS THAT", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00060-00007267-00007343": "THAT'S REALLY WHAT I WANT TO KNOW FROM THESE STUDENTS THAT ARE DOING THIS.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00061-00007343-00007350": "KNOW FROM THESE STUDENTS THAT ARE DOING THIS.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00062-00007350-00007497": "KNOW FROM THESE STUDENTS THAT ARE DOING THIS. THEY ARE THE ONES DOING IT.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00063-00007497-00007504": "ARE DOING THIS. THEY ARE THE ONES DOING IT.", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00064-00007504-00007660": "ARE DOING THIS. THEY ARE THE ONES DOING IT. THAT'S WHAT I WANT TO KNOW FROM", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00065-00007660-00007667": "THEY ARE THE ONES DOING IT. THAT'S WHAT I WANT TO KNOW FROM", "0zyv3Q8ZncA-00066-00007667-00007831": "THEY ARE THE ONES DOING IT. THAT'S WHAT I WANT TO KNOW FROM THEM."}}, {"audio_id": "0zVuwPA5GMg", "text": {"0zVuwPA5GMg-00000-00000040-00000744": "it looks like after i left the links to my video that had no views, it ends up", "0zVuwPA5GMg-00001-00000744-00001136": "in number of disciplines. it went from zero to three in nine hours,", "0zVuwPA5GMg-00002-00001136-00001655": "which is much more than we expected, but its views went up at a constant pace,", "0zVuwPA5GMg-00003-00001832-00002464": "but this is very weird. i obviously got more this size for my latest video."}}, {"audio_id": "0-d5XaM2iio", "text": {"0-d5XaM2iio-00000-00000080-00000280": "Boy I really love bananas", "0-d5XaM2iio-00001-00001641-00002014": "Aw man! Looks like silly Banana Boy was here", "0-d5XaM2iio-00002-00002014-00002151": "Always trying to trip me", "0-d5XaM2iio-00003-00002356-00002420": "Well", "0-d5XaM2iio-00004-00002476-00002581": "I'll just go around", "0-d5XaM2iio-00005-00002581-00002676": "this way", "0-d5XaM2iio-00006-00002846-00002931": "Ugh!", "0-d5XaM2iio-00007-00002931-00003131": "Egh ugh", "0-d5XaM2iio-00008-00003198-00003283": "Ugh!", "0-d5XaM2iio-00009-00003328-00003425": "eggh", "0-d5XaM2iio-00010-00003463-00003663": "ugghhh"}}, {"audio_id": "0-8YhGctExk", "text": {"0-8YhGctExk-00000-00000040-00000408": "So let's have a quick look at some of the ways that it's possible to add things", "0-8YhGctExk-00001-00000408-00001104": "to an alkene molecule. I'm going to show you the four most common kinds of addition reaction.", "0-8YhGctExk-00002-00001104-00001592": "In the first one here, one of the two bonds in the carbon-carbon double bond breaks and the", "0-8YhGctExk-00003-00001592-00002280": "two freed-up bonds - one on each carbon - join on tohalogen atoms from a diatomic halogen molecule.", "0-8YhGctExk-00004-00002336-00002768": "I've shown bromine here, but it can happen with any of the halogens: fluorine, chlorine", "0-8YhGctExk-00005-00002768-00003447": "or iodine. This reaction is called \"halogenation\",because you're adding halogen atoms to the alkene,", "0-8YhGctExk-00006-00003447-00003776": "and this reaction happens fairly easily and at room temperature.", "0-8YhGctExk-00007-00003888-00004328": "The second reaction is hydrogenation. The process is the same, but this time", "0-8YhGctExk-00008-00004328-00004952": "two hydrogen atoms are added to the two newbonds, which turns the alkene into an alkane.", "0-8YhGctExk-00009-00005032-00005560": "This reaction has a much higher activation energy, and a catalyst is often used to make", "0-8YhGctExk-00010-00005560-00006144": "the reaction go faster. The platinum shown hereis an example of a catalyst that can be used.", "0-8YhGctExk-00011-00006336-00006864": "Another possibility is \"hydrohalogenation\", sort ofa cross between halogenation and hydrogenation.", "0-8YhGctExk-00012-00006920-00007559": "In this reaction, a hydrogen halide - or in effect anacid - one of these will add across the double bond", "0-8YhGctExk-00013-00007559-00008334": "so that one carbon gets an extra hydrogen and theother carbon gets a halogen atom, of some kind.", "0-8YhGctExk-00014-00008334-00008961": "And finally, there's hydration. The name suggests water:you drink water to keep hydrated, right?", "0-8YhGctExk-00015-00008961-00009712": "Well, in the hydration reaction, a water molecule is splitinto two parts and it adds across the double bond.", "0-8YhGctExk-00016-00009712-00010200": "One carbon atom gets an extra hydrogen atom, andthe other carbon atom gets the rest of the water", "0-8YhGctExk-00017-00010200-00010955": "molecule: an O-H; an oxygen and a hydrogen. Andin organic chemistry, when a molecule has an O-H group,", "0-8YhGctExk-00018-00010955-00011555": "we call it an alcohol. So this reaction is one way of turning an alkene into an alcohol.", "0-8YhGctExk-00019-00011784-00012104": "This difference in the chemical properties of alkanes and alkenes", "0-8YhGctExk-00020-00012104-00012648": "- this, this specific ability of alkanes to add things across the double bond - gives us", "0-8YhGctExk-00021-00012648-00013128": "a really convenient way of distinguishing them, despite the fact that visually they look identical.", "0-8YhGctExk-00022-00013208-00013640": "As we've just said, alkenes will react with halogens easily at room temperature.", "0-8YhGctExk-00023-00013712-00014168": "Alkanes, on the other hand, are quite unreactive, andto make them react with halogens you would need to", "0-8YhGctExk-00024-00014168-00014838": "expose them to uv light or high temperatures. Thisdifference gives us the bromine water test.", "0-8YhGctExk-00025-00014838-00015422": "Bromine water is an aqueous solution of bromine whichhas the characteristic brown color of bromine.", "0-8YhGctExk-00026-00015447-00015984": "When bromine water is added to an alkene, theless dense alkene floats on top of the bromine", "0-8YhGctExk-00027-00015984-00016552": "water and it doesn't mix with it. But, if you shakethe test tube to temporarily mix the two liquids,", "0-8YhGctExk-00028-00016552-00017096": "the brown color completely disappears from thebromine water. This is because the bromine that was", "0-8YhGctExk-00029-00017096-00017656": "dissolved in the water has reacted with the alkenemolecules in one of these addition reactions.", "0-8YhGctExk-00030-00017784-00018296": "In contrast, if you add bromine water to an alkane at room temperature, no color change", "0-8YhGctExk-00031-00018296-00018728": "occurs at all, because there's insufficient activation energy to cause a reaction, and", "0-8YhGctExk-00032-00018728-00019336": "the water remains brown. So, the essence of thetest is, if you have an unknown organic liquid", "0-8YhGctExk-00033-00019336-00019776": "and you want to know if it's an alkane or an alkene, you add bromine water and you shake", "0-8YhGctExk-00034-00019776-00020394": "it. If the bromine water loses its colour, it'san alkene, and if it stays brown, it's an alkane."}}, {"audio_id": "0-oPKY3elWY", "text": {"0-oPKY3elWY-00000-00000000-00000431": "To give you an idea about a third of the cases we see as a neurology service in the", "0-oPKY3elWY-00001-00000431-00000861": "in the hospital are cases with some sort of spinal cord injury so it is very", "0-oPKY3elWY-00002-00000861-00001413": "common, it is about probably 500 dogs a year here in Bristol. Treating spinal", "0-oPKY3elWY-00003-00001413-00002102": "injury has this two major steps one is to treat the acute phase so when the", "0-oPKY3elWY-00004-00002102-00002667": "dog becomes paralyzed so it could be surgery for realigning the spine it", "0-oPKY3elWY-00005-00002667-00002936": "could be surgery to remove compression on the nerves", "0-oPKY3elWY-00006-00002936-00003380": "so that's one set of treatment and second set of treatment would be in a", "0-oPKY3elWY-00007-00003380-00003836": "chronic phase for those animals who have not recovered so they had a bad injury", "0-oPKY3elWY-00008-00003836-00004491": "remained paralyzed one of the treatment that has become potentially very useful", "0-oPKY3elWY-00009-00004491-00005034": "is to use cells from the nasal cavity from the nose and harvest them from", "0-oPKY3elWY-00010-00005034-00005448": "the nose and transplant them in the spinal cord to help the cord to regenerate", "0-oPKY3elWY-00011-00005448-00005844": "the start of the process will be having a small biopsy from the nose which is", "0-oPKY3elWY-00012-00005844-00006417": "probably a very small fragment of tissue they would then process and put in a dish", "0-oPKY3elWY-00013-00006417-00006884": "and the cells will start to expand so there is a process of multiplication", "0-oPKY3elWY-00014-00006884-00007383": "where the cells grow to reach the number we wish for transplantation", "0-oPKY3elWY-00015-00007383-00007995": "our olfactory system or smell system lose its neurons all the time because", "0-oPKY3elWY-00016-00007995-00008486": "they're exposed to air, dust smoke and so on so we lose neurons in the nose all", "0-oPKY3elWY-00017-00008486-00008835": "the time but they do regenerate, we do keep our sense of smell all the time", "0-oPKY3elWY-00018-00008835-00009195": "that doesn't disappear and the reason for that is because new nuerons forms in", "0-oPKY3elWY-00019-00009195-00009702": "the nose naturally and they link with the brain all the time to do this", "0-oPKY3elWY-00020-00009702-00010082": "link they need supporting cells or factory cells are supporting cells", "0-oPKY3elWY-00021-00010082-00010671": "helping nerves to grow and make connection with the brain so that is the", "0-oPKY3elWY-00022-00010671-00011010": "natural history of what's happening in the smell system but if you do", "0-oPKY3elWY-00023-00011010-00011397": "take these cells out of their natural environment put them in a damaged region", "0-oPKY3elWY-00024-00011397-00011967": "of the brain or spinal cord then they do carry on having this function of", "0-oPKY3elWY-00025-00011967-00012438": "supporting nerve to regrow and what we try to do is the spinal cord is really", "0-oPKY3elWY-00026-00012438-00012923": "bridging the gap the lesion gap that's been caused by the trauma so we", "0-oPKY3elWY-00027-00012923-00013347": "put the cells into the lesion and hopefully they will help the nerves", "0-oPKY3elWY-00028-00013347-00013847": "to regenerate you can see or you can detect an effect of the cells", "0-oPKY3elWY-00029-00013847-00014369": "in the sense that you see a change in locomotion so these dogs can walk better", "0-oPKY3elWY-00030-00014369-00015054": "and with the cells and we gain some control movement of the legs. It's not a", "0-oPKY3elWY-00031-00015054-00015419": "magic treatment and obviously not a hundred percent of the dogs who would get the cells", "0-oPKY3elWY-00032-00015419-00016038": "get an improvement but we had enough success to show scientifically", "0-oPKY3elWY-00033-00016038-00016467": "that this was valid and about twenty five percent of the cases we", "0-oPKY3elWY-00034-00016467-00017043": "transplanted in that way, had some some visible changes with the naked eye on their", "0-oPKY3elWY-00035-00017043-00017798": "gait and legs movements. Using the cells  has been done in humans as well", "0-oPKY3elWY-00036-00017798-00018363": "but as safety trials so it's only a very limited number of people or patients", "0-oPKY3elWY-00037-00018363-00018704": "the way forward would be to try and improve how we deliver the cells into", "0-oPKY3elWY-00038-00018704-00019104": "the spinal cord because it's one thing to inject them and show that there is an", "0-oPKY3elWY-00039-00019104-00019494": "effect, its another thing to then go to a person and how do you actually deliver", "0-oPKY3elWY-00040-00019494-00019992": "the cells so they survive and are numerous in the region, so this is problem", "0-oPKY3elWY-00041-00019992-00020501": "with how do we deliver them so of course when dogs get paralyzed they also lose", "0-oPKY3elWY-00042-00020501-00021009": "control of their bladders and so they become incontinent and which", "0-oPKY3elWY-00043-00021009-00021690": "is a big problem and one of the methods we've been testing in dogs to solve", "0-oPKY3elWY-00044-00021690-00022145": "this problem is to use what we call Neuroprostheses, they are small silicone", "0-oPKY3elWY-00045-00022145-00022575": "implants. We can place on the nerves below the lesions if the lesions in the", "0-oPKY3elWY-00046-00022575-00023076": "middle of the back of the dog we can still exploit the spark or below the lesion", "0-oPKY3elWY-00047-00023076-00023544": "that's there and it's usually fine and has survived and it's a technique", "0-oPKY3elWY-00048-00023544-00023731": "that's used in humans, it has been used for 30 years", "0-oPKY3elWY-00049-00023731-00024195": "in humans so it's not new but it's one of example where something that is", "0-oPKY3elWY-00050-00024195-00024723": "working in humans has, we've taken it from humans and implemented it in dogs", "0-oPKY3elWY-00051-00024723-00025281": "it's actually the other way, it is a reverse translation isn't. So by putting newer prosthesis", "0-oPKY3elWY-00052-00025281-00025831": "small implants in the nerve you can do surgery for that, you can take control of", "0-oPKY3elWY-00053-00025831-00026323": "the nerves that are remaining and that are  going to the bladder and it's very is", "0-oPKY3elWY-00054-00026323-00026722": "very effective and you can then use a remote control these nerves in different", "0-oPKY3elWY-00055-00026722-00027199": "ways so so you can empty the bladder regularly which obviously prevents from", "0-oPKY3elWY-00056-00027199-00027666": "having to do it manually pressing on the tummy of the dog which is a bit distressing", "0-oPKY3elWY-00057-00027666-00028152": "for the owner or putting catheter into the bladder which create infections a", "0-oPKY3elWY-00058-00028152-00028687": "lot of the time. So your neuro procedures is a good way of exploiting the", "0-oPKY3elWY-00059-00028687-00029127": "preserved part of the spinal cord."}}, {"audio_id": "0-x9MKBwOCg", "text": {"0-x9MKBwOCg-00000-00000000-00000200": "Modes in Tally Prime"}}, {"audio_id": "0-Ci28ClYNI", "text": {"0-Ci28ClYNI-00000-00000720-00001162": "The Madison Limestone is one of Wyoming’s most spectacular geological features here", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00001-00001162-00001314": "where you can see it on the surface.", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00002-00001314-00001759": "However, it’s where you can’t see it, where the Madison formation is deep underground,", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00003-00001759-00002082": "where it makes its biggest contribution to Wyoming’s economy.", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00004-00002082-00002686": "Here, where it outcrops on the slopes of our mountain ranges, porous Madison limestone", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00005-00002686-00003021": "absorbs billions of gallons of fresh water.", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00006-00003021-00003459": "This water slowly percolates through the rock as gravity pulls it downhill into the geologic", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00007-00003459-00003797": "basins between the mountain ranges.", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00008-00003797-00004319": "In those deeply submerged rocks, the Madison becomes perhaps the most important aquifer", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00009-00004319-00004630": "or water-bearing strata in Wyoming.", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00010-00004630-00005186": "In this semiarid region, many of our communities and industries depend upon groundwater pumped", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00011-00005186-00005457": "from the Madison formation.", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00012-00005457-00006031": "In other areas, including parts of the Wind River, Bighorn Basin, and the Owl Creek Mountains,", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00013-00006031-00006725": "oil and natural gas have moved upward into the Madison formation from underlying rocks.", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00014-00006725-00007252": "Drilling into the Madison has contributed considerable mineral wealth to Wyoming.", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00015-00007252-00007734": "Whether you like to admire the surface manifestations of the Madison, drink the water, or burn the", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00016-00007734-00008172": "fossil fuels stored in it, the Madison is definitely one of Wyoming’s most impressive", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00017-00008172-00008317": "features.", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00018-00008317-00008731": "From the University of Wyoming Extension, I’m Barton Stam, Exploring the Nature of", "0-Ci28ClYNI-00019-00008731-00008754": "Wyoming."}}, {"audio_id": "0_8vFKZ6208", "text": {"0_8vFKZ6208-00000-00000416-00000686": "ANVERS / ANTWERPEN", "0_8vFKZ6208-00001-00002258-00002874": "LIEGE / LUIK", "0_8vFKZ6208-00003-00004064-00004458": "BRUXELLES / BRUSSELS", "0_8vFKZ6208-00004-00006731-00007066": "OSTENDE / OOSTENDE"}}, {"audio_id": "0_AFfpaMxzu", "text": {"0_AFfpaMxzu-00000-00000009-00000171": "Hey there, Filip here.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00001-00000171-00000665": "I thought that it would be fun to give you an update on what's new in Flutter 2.8 now", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00002-00000665-00000873": "that I'm outside of Google.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00003-00000873-00001521": "Because, on the one hand, I don't have any insider information, but on the other hand,", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00004-00001521-00001948": "I can say whatever I want, basically.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00005-00001948-00002846": "Anyway, so, all I have for this video is this article that they published earlier today.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00006-00002846-00003369": "And I had a good read through it and now I'm just going to give you some insights.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00007-00003369-00003617": "And, hopefully, save you some time.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00008-00003617-00003717": "Performance is a big deal.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00009-00003717-00003861": "A really big deal.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00010-00003861-00003961": "This time around.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00011-00003961-00004276": "(And last time around as well.)", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00012-00004276-00005005": "They reduced startup latency for low-end Android devices by 50% on a real-world app.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00013-00005005-00005169": "That's really nice.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00014-00005169-00005439": "10% for high-end devices.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00015-00005439-00005696": "It's just something that you get for free.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00016-00005696-00006443": "You just recompile your app with the latest version, 2.8, and you're done.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00017-00006443-00006570": "You have a faster app.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00018-00006570-00006745": "And it's not just that.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00019-00006745-00007384": "It's also, you know, they did some new smarter things with garbage collection policy.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00020-00007384-00007981": "So your app will jank less often when things are kind of busy.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00021-00007981-00008189": "And so on and so forth.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00022-00008189-00008334": "Really cool.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00023-00008334-00009104": "If you're taking performance traces, especially on lower end devices, good news about memory.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00024-00009104-00009438": "Because they split the app in two.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00025-00009438-00009621": "Whatever, not a big deal.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00026-00009621-00010389": "But, uh, also not a big deal, to me, is that you can now profile Android and Flutter performance", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00027-00010389-00010489": "alongside.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00028-00010489-00010589": "Great.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00029-00010589-00010754": "Though this one is interesting.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00030-00010754-00011513": "So, a lot of times, if your app is not really performant enough, the problem is not so much", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00031-00011513-00012017": "with widget builds, but it's with layouts or paints.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00032-00012017-00013029": "So, they now give you the ability to have a profiling run with tracking layouts and", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00033-00013029-00013129": "tracking paints.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00034-00013129-00013299": "We had \"Tracking Widget Builds\" before.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00035-00013299-00013888": "But now you can do these, and you'll see that in your timeline, and you'll be like, oh my", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00036-00013888-00014425": "god, this layout is taking so much time, and why, and now you can try to fix it.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00037-00014425-00014653": "So, really cool.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00038-00014653-00015018": "You can now also easily profile the performance of your app's startup.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00039-00015018-00015768": "Which is a big deal because, if your app takes a lot of time, or janks at startup, it's really", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00040-00015768-00016197": "not a good look for your new users, right?", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00041-00016197-00016319": "Web platform views.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00042-00016319-00016779": "If you use Flutter for web and you use platform views, good news.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00043-00016779-00016935": "It's a little faster.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00044-00016935-00017894": "If you like money, you will like the fact that you can now use Mobile Ads SDK for Flutter", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00045-00017894-00018061": "in a stable release.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00046-00018061-00018532": "It's generally available, I guess, so I'm not sure if that's stable.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00047-00018532-00018756": "But anyway, it's good.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00048-00018756-00018940": "It's money.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00049-00018940-00019367": "If you like ads in your apps, go for it.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00050-00019367-00019737": "WebView is now version 3.0.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00051-00019737-00020293": "They now do stuff like, you can actually load HTML from files and strings.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00052-00020293-00020702": "Which is now when, for example, you want to keep your app offline.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00053-00020702-00021672": "Or, if you do something fancy with your app and it absolutely needs HTML, then this could", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00054-00021672-00021835": "be nice.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00055-00021835-00022773": "Also, they allow you to have a webview in a web app built by Flutter.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00056-00022773-00023193": "Right now it's just an iframe, but I think it's nice.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00057-00023193-00023856": "If you use webview as most people use webview, which is, I have Terms of Service document", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00058-00023856-00024529": "somewhere in HTML and I want to show it to users, this is nice, because you don't have to make", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00059-00024529-00024953": "a different version of your app just for that for the web.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00060-00024953-00025192": "Cool, cool, cool.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00061-00025192-00025449": "New Flutter Favorites.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00062-00025449-00025677": "Very good, I like it.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00063-00025677-00026166": "But it's not going to change anything about your workflow with Flutter, so I'm skipping", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00064-00026166-00026351": "it.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00065-00026351-00026556": "If you use Flutter...", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00066-00026556-00026725": "I mean Firebase.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00067-00026725-00027294": "Or if you want, or need a real-time database in your Flutter app, then this is really good", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00068-00027294-00027394": "news.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00069-00027394-00028077": "They went from beta to stable in FlutterFire plugins, which is basically the official plugins", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00070-00028077-00028306": "for Firebase and Flutter.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00071-00028306-00029202": "And interestingly, they now have a CLI tool that lets you skip some of the pain points", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00072-00029202-00029418": "when you're setting stuff up.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00073-00029418-00029563": "So, that's good.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00074-00029563-00030287": "Although, to be honest, if you're not building a new app every week, ... I mean, it's painful,", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00075-00030287-00030522": "but it's not such a big deal.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00076-00030522-00030770": "It's just like copying a JSON file somewhere.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00077-00030770-00030938": "But I understand why they're doing it.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00078-00030938-00031633": "The reason they're doing it is that they don't want to lose you if you're starting using", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00079-00031633-00032407": "Flutter and Firebase, and you realize how much extra bureaucratic steps you need to", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00080-00032407-00032657": "make in order for this to work.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00081-00032657-00032792": "So that's cool.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00082-00032792-00033120": "Blah blah blah.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00083-00033120-00033355": "Firebase UI is interesting.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00084-00033355-00034279": "Again, if you need authentication or some real time database, and maybe you don't care", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00085-00034279-00035084": "that much about customization, they you can get, for example, a sign-in page like this", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00086-00035084-00035198": "almost for free.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00087-00035198-00035409": "This is the code for this.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00088-00035409-00035740": "And you get this, and it also works on desktop.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00089-00035740-00035917": "Pretty cool.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00090-00035917-00036630": "You can also say, hey, I want contacts from here, and it basically builds your UI for", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00091-00036630-00036730": "you.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00092-00036730-00037161": "So, FlutterFire UI or whatever it's called, really nice.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00093-00037161-00037293": "Yes yes yes.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00094-00037293-00037694": "Another one with Firebase.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00095-00037694-00038356": "I find it very interesting because it seems to me a little bit ugly if you have a really", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00096-00038356-00039201": "nice app, if you have good code, where you have something like a Person that is a", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00097-00039201-00039929": "typed class, and things are sane there, and you know that a Person has a name and an age,", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00098-00039929-00040599": "and then you kind of have to (without the new Object Document Mapping), you have to", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00099-00040599-00041400": "somehow connect it to this real time database, which is basically a HashMap, a huge JSON", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00100-00041400-00041967": "thing, where anything can happen.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00101-00041967-00042194": "It's terrible!", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00102-00042194-00042551": "I mean, it's nice for prototyping.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00103-00042551-00043129": "But, at some point, you're like, I want persons to have names and ages and that's it.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00104-00043129-00043305": "Now they allow you to do it.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00105-00043305-00044127": "You can be like, oh, I have this class, and just please do it for me, and put that class,", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00106-00044127-00044554": "or instances of that class, as a collection on the Firebase database.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00107-00044554-00044665": "Cool.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00108-00044665-00044776": "Alright.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00109-00044776-00044980": "Desktop, still not stable.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00110-00044980-00045201": "I think that's a good call.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00111-00045201-00045928": "Because, I would hate for them to go too quickly to stable when it's not really stable yet.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00112-00045928-00046369": "So, more internationalization support, like Kanji and stuff like this.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00113-00046369-00047111": "This is really, really really needed if you want to launch something internationally.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00114-00047111-00047318": "So yeah, that's a big deal.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00115-00047318-00047913": "They're also generally looking at keyboard intensive desktop apps.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00116-00047913-00048788": "For example, things like widgets that eat keyboard events and don't let them bubble", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00117-00048788-00049248": "down (or whatever it's called).", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00118-00049248-00049511": "That's good for... maybe even for games.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00119-00049511-00049678": "I don't know.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00120-00049678-00050286": "But it's definitely good for desktop apps where people actually write stuff on their", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00121-00050286-00050386": "keyboards.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00122-00050386-00050536": "Also, visual density, right?", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00123-00050536-00050900": "You don't want apps on your mobile phone...", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00124-00050900-00051604": "I mean, you don't want apps on your desktop to look like it's a mobile app that's just", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00125-00051604-00051870": "running in a window.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00126-00051870-00052002": "And that's visual density.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00127-00052002-00052432": "Most of it is how dense this is.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00128-00052432-00052779": "A name-drop of Canonical, the makers of Ubuntu.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00129-00052779-00052973": "Always nice to see.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00130-00052973-00053380": "And then, DartPad has more packages in it now.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00131-00053380-00053711": "You can actually import packages.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00132-00053711-00054282": "That's not completely new but now you have packages like bloc and riverpod, which is", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00133-00054282-00054970": "state management, collection (that is, low level stuff that you really want sometimes),", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00134-00054970-00055616": "and google_fonts is real nice because you can use Google Fonts in your app.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00135-00055616-00056352": "I mean, you will not build your next billion-dollar app in DartPad.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00136-00056352-00057069": "But for sketches and for sharing, I think this is really great.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00137-00057069-00057282": "Especially the Google Fonts stuff.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00138-00057282-00057624": "Cool, cool, cool.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00139-00057624-00057949": "And, they got rid of the dev channel.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00140-00057949-00058404": "So, before we had stable, beta, dev and master.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00141-00058404-00058980": "And they realized that only about 3% developers are actually using dev, and it takes a lot", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00142-00058980-00059219": "of effort to keep it running.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00143-00059219-00059512": "So they were like: hey, let's just have stable, beta and master.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00144-00059512-00059641": "I think it's a good call.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00145-00059641-00060046": "I won't miss dev channel.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00146-00060046-00060348": "If you're like most developers you will want to stay with stable.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00147-00060348-00060711": "90% of developers use that.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00148-00060711-00060889": "If you're more adventurous, beta.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00149-00060889-00061791": "And if you're really adventurous, master, which is literally changing every few minutes.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00150-00061791-00062099": "Anyway, some breaking changes.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00151-00062099-00062373": "From the looks of it, nothing big.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00152-00062373-00062666": "And they have a migration guide so, that's cool.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00153-00062666-00063247": "And, in the summary, they name-drop the community, which is always nice to hear and see.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00154-00063247-00063462": "So, thanks for watching.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00155-00063462-00063757": "I hope I saved you some time and this was interesting.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00156-00063757-00063929": "See you next time.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00157-00063929-00064391": "Oh, and because someone is bound to ask, this is not from a fight.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00158-00064391-00064761": "Although, technically, it is from a fight.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00159-00064761-00065563": "So, I was playing with my kid, and he made a sword out of a structural toy, and then", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00160-00065563-00065781": "he swung it at me.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00161-00065781-00066912": "The toy fell apart, and most of the sword just flew right into my eye.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00162-00066912-00067238": "It didn't hurt that much.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00163-00067238-00067461": "I was actually completely oblivious to it.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00164-00067461-00067668": "I was like, is this blood?", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00165-00067668-00067794": "So, yeah.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00166-00067794-00067894": "That's it.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00167-00067894-00068489": "I wish I could say, like, I was fighting with a crocodile or whatever but...", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00168-00068489-00068664": "I was just playing with the kid.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00169-00068664-00068807": "And that happened.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00170-00068807-00069351": "It really looks much worse than it actually is.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00171-00069351-00069461": "It's going to be fine.", "0_AFfpaMxzu-00172-00069461-00069822": "But, thanks for the interest, if you had any."}}, {"audio_id": "0_Fy3E6t4_E", "text": {"0_Fy3E6t4_E-00000-00000524-00001554": "Bioethics is a way of studying the ethicalimplications  and moral implications of biomedicine,", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00001-00001554-00002238": "of Life Sciences and those sorts of areas and healthcare in general, not just healthcare,", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00002-00002238-00002898": "biological research as well. But broadly speaking it's looking at the the ethical consequences of", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00003-00002898-00003576": "those disciplines and fields and areas. And so bioethicists who tend to be a very diverse bunch", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00004-00003576-00004352": "of people – we come in from law, or science in my case, or social science or philosophy and so on –", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00005-00004398-00004992": "very often get involved in those activities in which somebody's trying to put a policy around", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00006-00004992-00005658": "a new biotechnology or governance of some kind, around a new healthcare intervention", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00007-00005658-00006384": "or public health intervention and so on. So it is intriguingly the sort of", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00008-00006384-00006828": "discipline in which you start at one end, very often, with some very basic science sometimes", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00009-00006828-00007525": "even molecular science, and you can kind of join the dots all the way through to a policy", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00010-00007566-00008154": "and a public impact as well. Which I think is one of the things I find fascinating about it.", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00011-00008214-00008670": "In a discipline like bioethics or field of activity like bioethics,", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00012-00008736-00009276": "in one sense almost anything you you can do empirically can kind of improve that input", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00013-00009276-00010020": "because bioethics has an unfortunate history of being very abstract until quite recently.", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00014-00010080-00010794": "For people with disability, in particular, I think that's crucial because so much of", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00015-00010794-00011346": "medicine, biomedicine, and healthcare is in one  way or another about disability – trying to prevent", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00016-00011346-00011970": "disability, or cure it, or alleviate it, or in some way make the lives of people with disability", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00017-00012012-00012671": "better, get more of a level playing field; obviously that spills over to social care too.", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00018-00012720-00013536": "And because of that, the importance of this highly diverse areas of experience,", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00019-00013536-00014391": "because of the highly diverse nature of disability of itself – it's crucial.", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00020-00014454-00015090": "Until recently there have also been relatively few bioethicists with lived", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00021-00015090-00015678": "experience of disability too, and I count myself as one but there are a handful of others across the", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00022-00015678-00016434": "world. And so we've relied on empirical research or experiential accounts of that", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00023-00016434-00017082": "experience to inform some of the theoretical thinking and then inform some of the policy too.", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00024-00017154-00017508": "That's sort of by way of saying it's important. You'll have seen that", "0_Fy3E6t4_E-00025-00017508-00018008": "I've sidestepped your question more or less about how to do it um because it's difficult."}}, {"audio_id": "0_Kf6kr7A8g", "text": {"0_Kf6kr7A8g-00000-00000000-00000606": "not for me to take important things casual and then make casual things important because", "0_Kf6kr7A8g-00001-00000606-00001134": "sometimes that's what we do in our lives you could make having fun so important that", "0_Kf6kr7A8g-00002-00001134-00001673": "creating and having to work on your future becomes a thing that is less important to", "0_Kf6kr7A8g-00003-00001673-00002292": "you so when you wake up each day and decide to work with Jesus take up the cross of each day", "0_Kf6kr7A8g-00004-00002292-00002964": "and take it a day and a time knowing that you don't live by your own desire do you", "0_Kf6kr7A8g-00005-00002964-00003534": "live by the design of Christ or say the life I live in a place I live by faith in the Son", "0_Kf6kr7A8g-00006-00003534-00004079": "of God who died for me and gave himself for me I hope this video is productive and is of", "0_Kf6kr7A8g-00007-00004079-00004512": "value to you thank you so much for watching this video I would like to see you in my next", "0_Kf6kr7A8g-00008-00004512-00004974": "video I am over my pan this is my YouTube channel leave a thumbs up and subscribe", "0_Kf6kr7A8g-00009-00004974-00005496": "to this channel if this message is reaching you thank you so much for watching God bless"}}, {"audio_id": "0_LI4S87yC4", "text": {"0_LI4S87yC4-00000-00000004-00000544": "dye my hair red with me so I got two colors um just so I'm not too dark not too bright", "0_LI4S87yC4-00001-00000544-00001234": "not too orange just enough red um and we're gonna do two parts so like one part color to", "0_LI4S87yC4-00002-00001234-00001894": "two parts developer so I just like to refill the color so it's times two boom made a ton then I'm", "0_LI4S87yC4-00003-00001894-00002542": "using it all because I got short hair and mix that [__] up and apply that [__] on your head and", "0_LI4S87yC4-00004-00002542-00002806": "um try to use gloves I don't know why I'm not using gloves but I couldn't find any", "0_LI4S87yC4-00005-00002806-00003297": "and we're gonna sit for about 30 to 45 minutes I like to do 45 minutes just to", "0_LI4S87yC4-00006-00003297-00003886": "lock in that color and boom it's not looking like a just a fire Fiesta Siesta flame ball"}}, {"audio_id": "0_cqpofOhL4", "text": {"0_cqpofOhL4-00000-00000000-00000084": "[ODETTE BEST MOMENT]"}}, {"audio_id": "0A0EkQxD1b4", "text": {"0A0EkQxD1b4-00000-00000522-00001223": "As the community we believe in the value of education. Today we celebrate the", "0A0EkQxD1b4-00001-00001223-00002003": "Karen New Year day in Saint Paul Public Schools with the Saint Paul students.", "0A0EkQxD1b4-00002-00002003-00002622": "Our New Year represents our unity, our identity and it is very important", "0A0EkQxD1b4-00003-00002622-00004808": "especially for our Karen youths who value it and celebrate it. When they come they know more about the Karen people, history.", "0A0EkQxD1b4-00004-00004808-00005247": "Most of our young generation doesn't know about their culture and where they", "0A0EkQxD1b4-00005-00005247-00005688": "are from. They should come to New Year and see different things like slideshows", "0A0EkQxD1b4-00006-00005688-00006222": "about where Karen people are originally come from which is my favorite part. I", "0A0EkQxD1b4-00007-00006222-00006552": "want you to know that every day is an opportunity for us to celebrate great", "0A0EkQxD1b4-00008-00006552-00007017": "learning developing great relationships and honoring who you are your culture", "0A0EkQxD1b4-00009-00007017-00007725": "and what you believe in. I really liked the presentation about Karen history. My", "0A0EkQxD1b4-00010-00007725-00008259": "favorite part would be where they showed how each one of them have like different", "0A0EkQxD1b4-00011-00008259-00009140": "culture and backgrounds. So you should join us to celebrate our culture."}}, {"audio_id": "0AeFTzz4v8y", "text": {"0AeFTzz4v8y-00000-00001326-00001600": "There was an idea", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00001-00001773-00002212": "to bring together a group of remarkable people", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00002-00002356-00002802": "to see if we could become something more", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00003-00002988-00003506": "so when they needed us we could fight the battles", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00004-00003676-00003928": "that they never could", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00005-00005594-00005776": "In time", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00006-00005776-00006084": "you will know what it's like to lose", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00007-00006102-00006384": "to feel so desperately that you're right", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00008-00006384-00006695": "yet to fail all the same", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00009-00007080-00007280": "Dread it.", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00010-00007438-00007604": "Run from it.", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00011-00007673-00007840": "Destiny still arrives.", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00012-00008700-00008900": "Evacuate the city.", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00013-00009020-00009178": "Engage all defences.", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00014-00009290-00009466": "And get this man a shield.", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00015-00010756-00011004": "Even now, enemies gather...", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00016-00011004-00011352": "....and the shadows grow darker.", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00017-00011352-00011570": "From this day forward", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00018-00011570-00011790": "the defense of our world...", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00019-00011790-00012178": "...of all we hold dear...", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00020-00012178-00012352": "rests with you.", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00021-00013997-00014197": "Class Discord Servers", "0AeFTzz4v8y-00022-00014786-00015186": "Join us! (all links in discription)"}}, {"audio_id": "0BjGvLNjOCE", "text": {"0BjGvLNjOCE-00000-00000000-00001011": "La sesión solemne en el Congreso de los Diputados ha estado presidida por los Reyes de España y sus hijas, la princesa Leonor y la infanta Sofía, junto a Don Juan Carlos y Doña Sofía.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00001-00001216-00003050": "Ha sido el colofón a toda una semana de actos y celebraciones en los que Don Juan Carlos y Doña Sofía han tenido especial protagonismo, así como la princesa Leonor, que ya había abierto las conmemoraciones con su primer discurso público en el que leyó el primer artículo de la Carta Magna coincidiendo con el aniversario de su aprobación en las Cortes.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00002-00003255-00005739": "A su llegada a la Cámara Baja, Doña Letizia y Doña Sofía se saludaron afectuasamente con dos besos justo antes de dirigirse a la escalinata del Congreso desde donde saludaron a los allí presentes tras posar para la prensa La Reina Letizia ha deslumbrado a su llegada al Congreso con un vestido rojo midi de manga larga, falda lapiz y lágrima en el pecho de Carolina Herrera que ha combinado con unos stilettos nude y un bolso de ante del mismo color.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00003-00005944-00008196": "Se trata del mismo atuendo que estrenó el pasado mes de septiembre cuando la princesa Leonor visitó por primera vez de forma oficial el Principado de Asturias Los Reyes de España han estado muy pendientes en todo momento de sus hijas, que en un principio no estaba prevista su participación en el acto, pero en el último momento la Casa Real las incluyó en la agenda. Las dos hermanas se han mostrado divertidas y cómplices.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00004-00008401-00010548": "La infanta Sofía es un gran apoyo para Leonor, que vive un año crucial en el que su presencia en actos oficiales se ha incrementado notablemente, dejando cada vez más patente su condición de heredera al Trono Teniendo en cuenta lo especial de esta efeméride, los reyes Don Juan Carlos y Doña Sofía han tenido un papel especialmente relevante en los actos conmemorativos que han tenido lugar a lo largo de la semana.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00005-00010754-00011339": "El padre de Felipe VI ha participado hasta en tres eventos, dos de ellos junto a su esposa.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00006-00011544-00012926": "En el acto solemne de este jueves en el Congreso de los Diputados, los dos han mostrado mucha cercanía con sus nietas, la princesa Leonor y la infanta Sofía, con las que se les ha visto hablando y riendo en varias ocasione Antes de entrar al Congreso de los Diputados,", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00007-00013131-00014996": "la Familia Real ha saludado a los representantes de los poderes del Estado: el presidente del Gobierno, Pedro Sánchez, el del Senado, Pío García Escudero, la del Congreso, Ana Pastor, el del Tribunal Supremo y del Consejo General del Poder Judicial, Carlos Lesmes, y el del Tribunal Constitucional, Juan José González.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00008-00015201-00017022": "Nada más llegar al Congreso, su presidenta Ana Pastor ejerció de anfitriona para recibirles en el Salón de los Pasos Perdidos donde la princesa Leonor y la infanta Sofía formaron parte por primera vez del besamanos por el que pasaron tanto los miembros del Gobierno como los padres de la Constitución Desde la escalinata del Congreso de los Diputados,", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00009-00017227-00018301": "Doña Sofía, Don Juan Carlos, la princesa Leonor, la infanta Sofía, la Reina Letizia y Felipe VI posaron para la prensa antes de entrar en la Cámara y saludaron a los presentes.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00010-00018506-00019932": "Una multitud de ciudadanos se agolpaban en las inmediaciones de la Carrera de San Jerónimo de Madrid para ver de cerca a la Familia Real Los cuatro expresidente del Gobierno contaban con un sitio especial en esta sesión solemne al lado de los reyes Don Juan Carlos y Doña Sofía.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00011-00020138-00022147": "José María Aznar, con traje negro, llegó al Congreso de los Diputados donde se sentó entre Felipe González y José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero No podía faltar en el acto para homenajear las cuatro décadas de vigencia de la Constitución española, Adolfo Suárez Illana, hijo del primer presidente del Gobierno de España elegido democráticamente tras la dictadura franquista.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00012-00022352-00024073": "Actualmente, Suárez Illana es el presidente de la Fundación Concordia y Libertad En la sesión conjunta para rendir tributo a la Constitución participaron todos los diputados y senadores. Fue durante su mandato cuando las Cortes aprobaron la Carta Magna que después sería refrendada por los ciudadanos.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00013-00024278-00025636": "Pablo Casado, presidente del Partido Popular, aprovechó su llegada al Congreso para saludar y hacerse fotos con la multitud de ciudadanos que esperaba en la Carrera de San Jerónimo la llegada de la Familia Real La sesión solemne en el Congreso de los Diputados,", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00014-00025841-00027604": "presidida por los Reyes y sus hijas, en la Tribuna, y Don Juan Carlos y Doña Sofía, que ocupaban un lugar de honor en el centro del Hemiciclo, ha reunido a todos los diputados y senadores de ambas cámaras. Además, han asistido los cuatro expresidentes de la democracia y tres padres de la Constitución.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00015-00027809-00029183": "Los dos discursos, en los que se ensalzó el espíritu de concordia que reinó durante el periodo de la transición, han corrido a cargo de la presidenta del Congreso, Ana Pastor, y del Rey Felipe VI Hemiciclo La sesión solemne en el Congreso de los Diputados,", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00016-00029389-00031152": "presidida por los Reyes y sus hijas, en la Tribuna, y Don Juan Carlos y Doña Sofía, que ocupaban un lugar de honor en el centro del Hemiciclo, ha reunido a todos los diputados y senadores de ambas cámaras. Además, han asistido los cuatro expresidentes de la democracia y tres padres de la Constitución.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00017-00031357-00033350": "Los dos discursos, en los que se ensalzó el espíritu de concordia que reinó durante el periodo de la transición, han corrido a cargo de la presidenta del Congreso, Ana Pastor, y del Rey Felipe VI Lra princesa Leono La princesa Leonor presidió la sesión desde la tribuna de oradores del Congreso de los Diputados junto con sus padres y su hermana, la infanta Sofía.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00018-00033555-00034357": "Esta gran semana de la Constitución es todo un broche de oro al año en el que Leonor comenzó a aumentar notablemente su presencia en la vida pública.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00019-00034562-00035871": "Es la tercera vez que tanto la heredera al Trono  como su hermana están en la Cámara Baja. La primera fue para asistir a la proclamación de su padre como Rey de España el 19 de junio de 2014, con tan solo siete y ocho años.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00020-00036076-00037029": "Los tres padres de la Constitución que aún está vivos no podían perderse el gran homenaje que el Congreso de los Diputados tenía preparado para su 40 aniversario.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00021-00037235-00039006": "José Pedro Pérez Llorca, Miguel Herrero de Miñón y Miquel Roca i Junyent ocuparon un sitio privilegiado en el Hemiciclo al lado de Don Juan Carlos y Doña Sofía. Dos años más tarde, el 17 de noviembre de 2016 acompañaron a sus padres que presidían la apertura solemne de la XII legislatura.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00022-00039211-00041444": "Las referencias a su labor fueron constantes en los discursos tanto de Ana Pastor como de Felipe VI, que destacó especialmente su capacidad de consenso y conciliación para acercar posturas ideológicamente opuestas en una época crucial para España como la Transición A un lado de los reyes Don Juan Carlos y Doña Sofía se encontraban los padres de la Constitución y al otro los cuatro expresidentes vivos de la democracia,", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00023-00041649-00042984": "Felipe González, José María Aznar, José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero y Mariano Rajoy Don Juan Carlos y Doña Sofía han asistido emocionados a una sesión solemne en la que no han faltado los recocimientos a su labor durante la Transición en España.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00024-00043189-00044780": "Después de que el Hemiciclo rompiese en aplausos, Don Juan Carlos  le ha agradecido  con un gesto estas palabras, que han llegado a emocionar a la reina Sofía. Su hijo, Felipe VI ha destacado el papel de su padre como impulsor de la democracia así como el \"apoyo comprometido\" de su madre.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00025-00044985-00046824": "Antes de su hijo, la presidenta del Congreso, Ana Pastor, también subrayó su \"respeto, gratitud y afecto por tantos años de servicio y entrega a España\" El Hemiciclo recibió con una sonora y larga ovación las palabras de Felipe VI en un discurso en el que destacó que la Constitución “es el gran pacto nacional de convivencia entre los españoles”,", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00026-00047030-00048242": "y reivindicó “los valores e ideales que inspiraron\" el periodo de la Transición, ya que es donde \"se encuentra la mejor España” como vía para mantener “una España reconciliada consigo misma que nunca tenga que sufrir el miedo y el rencor”.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00027-00048447-00049881": "El Rey también ensalzó la labor de su padre para consolidar la democracia en España, palabras que Don Juan Carlos recibió con un gesto de agradecimiento, Doña Sofía con emoción y el resto de asistentes con un gran aplauso A la salida de la sesión conjunta de las Cortes Generales,", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00028-00050086-00051933": "los Reyes de España, seguidos por sus hijas, se pararon a saludar a la multitud de ciudadanos que esperaban a las puertas del Congreso de los Diputados antes de abandonar la Carrera de San Jerónimo La Reina Letizia ha estado en todo momento muy pendiente de sus hijas, que participaban en un acto en el Congreso por tercera vez.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00029-00052138-00053355": "Las dos hermanas han lucido para la ocasión sendos vestidos cortos de cuadros en tonos gris marengo, con calcetines altos, hasta la rodilla, zapato plano y una capa de lana merino, con cuello chimenea y botón.", "0BjGvLNjOCE-00030-00053560-00056431": "La Princesa de Asturias ha elegido unos calcetines azul marino, a juego con sus manoletinas, mientras que la infanta Sofía ha lucido unos calcetines burdeos y unas merceditas en el mismo tono Los Reyes y sus hijas, la princesa Leonor y la infanta Sofía, ya sin abrigo, volvieron a parar en la escalinata del Congreso desde donde saludaron a la multitud a su llegada para despedirse de todos aquellos que se había acercado a los alrededores de las Cortes para vivir en primera persona una conmemoración tan significativa para la historia de España"}}, {"audio_id": "0BkFIxNcsuM", "text": {"0BkFIxNcsuM-00000-00002700-00002900": "For my particular teaching style I think it’s the", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00001-00002900-00003650": "most important thing because I really rely on", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00002-00003650-00004000": "student feedback to validate not so much what", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00003-00004000-00004300": "I’m trying to get across but how I’m getting it across.", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00004-00004300-00004600": "I have a very good idea of what I would like", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00005-00004600-00004850": "my students to know at the end of the class.", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00006-00004850-00005100": "And rather than waiting till the three times", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00007-00005100-00005300": "a year that you can run just a simple test", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00008-00005300-00005850": "or something, your basic exam, I think having", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00009-00005850-00006000": "students in a position where they’re", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00010-00006000-00006250": "comfortable enough to say ‘I don’t know’", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00011-00006250-00006600": "or ‘I don’t agree’ is important.", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00012-00006600-00007050": "Ways that I try and break down the barriers", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00013-00007050-00007350": "that exist in any classroom when you walk in,", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00014-00007350-00007600": "at least with students who don’t know you,", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00015-00007600-00008000": "is to be as casual as possible in the class.", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00016-00008000-00008300": "I know it’s hard to believe looking at me here.", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00017-00008300-00008600": "You need to reduce, as much as possible,", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00018-00008600-00009050": "any unnecessary barriers in terms of dialogue.", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00019-00009050-00009400": "The area that I teach in is technically quite", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00020-00009400-00009800": "sophisticated, it’s full of Latin and Greek", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00021-00009800-00010200": "anatomical terms, and it’s easy to engage in", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00022-00010200-00010500": "what I call ‘neural-geeky-speaky’", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00023-00010500-00010750": "and the students are just looking at me like,", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00024-00010750-00011000": "‘what planet is this person from?’", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00025-00011000-00011300": "So I kind of warn students that the area is kind", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00026-00011300-00011600": "of like that and what I hope is that by the end", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00027-00011600-00011800": "of the quarter we’ve all progressed enough,", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00028-00011800-00012000": "especially them, to the point where I can do that", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00029-00012000-00012200": "and they’ll understand.", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00030-00012200-00012400": "But early on in the quarter, when I don’t speak", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00031-00012400-00012700": "in plain English, they'll not be afraid to say,", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00032-00012700-00012900": "‘You know what, I have no idea what you just said", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00033-00012900-00013100": "or what that means.’", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00034-00013100-00013400": "And I can go back and clarify for them.", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00035-00013400-00013700": "I typically give out copies of my electro-notes,", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00036-00013700-00014000": "I make them available on Blackboard and", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00037-00014000-00014200": "the reason I do that is that the students will", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00038-00014200-00014600": "have an idea of what I think is important in the", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00039-00014600-00015000": "assigned readings for that day in an outlined form.", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00040-00015000-00015169": "And because they already know that it gives me", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00041-00015169-00015450": "the freedom to think on my feet, to throw in", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00042-00015450-00015800": "anecdotes and stories, other things that from", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00043-00015800-00016000": "outside the reading and it also gives them", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00044-00016000-00016300": "a chance to steer the discussion to things", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00045-00016300-00016400": "that they’re interested in.", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00046-00016400-00016600": "At the end of the class, no matter what goes on", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00047-00016600-00016800": "in the class, the students will have that nutshell", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00048-00016800-00017400": "of the lecture notes and then, literally for every", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00049-00017400-00017600": "class, the clothes are a little bit different.", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00050-00017600-00017800": "The lecture notes are the skeleton", "0BkFIxNcsuM-00051-00017800-00018060": "and then we dress it up how we see fit."}}, {"audio_id": "0BldLnfTZwo", "text": {"0BldLnfTZwo-00000-00001406-00001736": "CSU Monterey Bay is located  on California’s Central Coast", "0BldLnfTZwo-00001-00001736-00001922": "two hours south of San Francisco.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00002-00002007-00002078": "It’s a beautiful place,", "0BldLnfTZwo-00003-00002080-00002646": "next to the miles of trails,  along with pristine beaches bordered by a world-renown marine sanctuary.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00004-00002820-00003260": "Thousands of students and staff may consider the campus itself a sanctuary.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00005-00003292-00003608": "But sadly, that sanctuary can be violated.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00006-00003608-00004256": "This beautiful campus could become the backdrop of a scene that happens all too often across this country.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00007-00004492-00004932": "(music playing)", "0BldLnfTZwo-00008-00005244-00005378": "(gunshot)", "0BldLnfTZwo-00009-00005598-00006110": "Chances are you'll never face a situation like this one. But if you do--you need to be prepared.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00010-00006138-00006608": "I'm Chief Earl Lawson with the California State University Monterey Bay Police Department.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00011-00006656-00007156": "The members of UPD have prepared this video to help improve your chances of surviving an active shooter incident.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00012-00007156-00007802": "CSU Monterey Bay's Police Department trains countless hours to be prepared for emergency situations such as this.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00013-00007912-00008088": "Our number one priority is to keep you safe.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00014-00008148-00009098": "Make no mistake - YOU CAN survive an active shooter incident by remembering three important steps: run, hide, fight.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00015-00009198-00009816": "(music playing)", "0BldLnfTZwo-00016-00010268-00010618": "If the campus community experiences an active shooter or similar emergency,", "0BldLnfTZwo-00017-00010682-00010994": "our Police Department will send out what's called an OtterAlert.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00018-00011124-00011658": "These text messages are sent as soon as possible after determining that a threat exists.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00019-00011722-00011998": "An OtterAlert will contain the most accurate information available at the time,", "0BldLnfTZwo-00020-00011998-00012394": "but an active shooter situation evolves rapidly and details may be limited.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00021-00012394-00012678": "It’s important for you to remain observant.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00022-00012678-00012991": "Use your senses to be aware of your surroundings at all times.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00023-00012997-00013294": "The first and best option to survive is to run", "0BldLnfTZwo-00024-00013456-00013774": "(music playing)", "0BldLnfTZwo-00025-00013854-00014084": "Get as far away as you can.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00026-00014206-00014688": "(music playing)", "0BldLnfTZwo-00027-00014747-00015019": "Once you're at a safe distance, call 911.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00028-00015136-00015322": "911, what's your emergency?", "0BldLnfTZwo-00029-00015322-00016160": "Make sure you tell the 9-1-1 Operator, who is located at the Monterey County’s Dispatch Communication Center that you are on the CSUMB campus.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00030-00016236-00016398": "The officers are on their way.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00031-00016398-00016626": "Running away should always be your first priority.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00032-00016626-00016912": "But what happens when you hear gunshots and are unable to get out?", "0BldLnfTZwo-00033-00017366-00017522": "(gunshots)", "0BldLnfTZwo-00034-00017564-00017780": "Your second reaction should be to hide.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00035-00017834-00018034": "(Professor shouting) Everybody get under your desks!", "0BldLnfTZwo-00036-00018416-00018640": "If you're in a room, lock the door.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00037-00018676-00018922": "Look for something to barricade entry points.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00038-00019474-00019584": "Turn off lights.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00039-00019646-00019796": "Silence your cell phone.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00040-00019856-00020406": "The idea is to make it as hard as possible for the shooter to see you, find you, or get to you.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00041-00020470-00020628": "(whispering) the alert says the shooter is in the building....", "0BldLnfTZwo-00042-00020694-00021192": "And always spread out--don't huddle together. That creates one easy target.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00043-00021272-00021562": "If running isn't an option, and hiding isn't an option,", "0BldLnfTZwo-00044-00021578-00022092": "there's one last reaction you should consider if confronted by the shooter: fight", "0BldLnfTZwo-00045-00022138-00022236": "(gunshot)", "0BldLnfTZwo-00046-00022398-00022456": "(gunshot)", "0BldLnfTZwo-00047-00022960-00023412": "Find anything to use as a weapon;  a fire extinguisher, a chair.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00048-00023474-00023618": "Fighting back is a last resort,", "0BldLnfTZwo-00049-00023676-00023984": "but if it’s between you and the shooter,  we want you to survive.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00050-00024048-00024332": "When preparing yourself for this fight mentally, remember something.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00051-00024396-00024974": "Statistically active shooters are apprehended or eliminated within the first five minutes of the incident.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00052-00025070-00025336": "(music playing)", "0BldLnfTZwo-00053-00025398-00025808": "Once notified, our officers will respond  to stop the shooter.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00054-00025874-00026098": "Keep fighting until our officers arrive.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00055-00026154-00026582": "That could be ten seconds away,  the most important ten seconds of your life.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00056-00026968-00027389": "It’s scary to think about, but an active shooter is something that we all need to be prepared for.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00057-00027458-00027977": "Whether you’re a student or member of our staff or faculty, take time to know your surroundings.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00058-00028012-00028276": "Know at least two exits out of your room and building.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00059-00028320-00028752": "Take different routes into and out of your building to become familiar with every possible escape route.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00060-00028814-00029027": "Look around in the room you’re in right now.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00061-00029077-00029426": "Find areas where you could hide or items you could use as weapons.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00062-00029566-00030260": "Three simple words could save lives. Remember: run, hide, fight.", "0BldLnfTZwo-00063-00030364-00035608": "(music playing)"}}, {"audio_id": "0BUlw4CEHFI", "text": {"0BUlw4CEHFI-00000-00000000-00000408": "Window Sash Lewisville", "0BUlw4CEHFI-00001-00000408-00001154": "LewisvilleWindows.Com", "0BUlw4CEHFI-00002-00001154-00001648": "If you are in need of a new or replacement window sash Lewisville Windows is your perfect choice!", "0BUlw4CEHFI-00003-00001648-00002222": "(972) 318-9525 www.LewisvilleWindows.com"}}, {"audio_id": "0BZnY9rJJQI", "text": {"0BZnY9rJJQI-00000-00001267-00001786": "My heart opens at the sound of your voice", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00001-00001786-00002326": "Like the flowers open", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00002-00002326-00002861": "To the kiss of dawn!", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00003-00003392-00003977": "But, my love,", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00004-00003977-00004437": "To best dry my tears,", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00005-00004437-00005024": "Let your voice speak again!", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00006-00005459-00006495": "Tell me that you will return to Delilah forever", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00007-00006495-00006971": "Repeat to my tender heart", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00008-00006971-00007533": "The love-oaths of the past", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00009-00007533-00008507": "The oaths that I loved!", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00010-00008507-00010098": "Ah! Respond to my tenderness", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00011-00010098-00011558": "Pour out to me your drunkenness!", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00012-00011558-00012886": "Respond to my tenderness", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00013-00012886-00014646": "Pour out to me your drunkenness!", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00014-00016722-00017626": "Like one who sees the blades of wheat ripple", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00015-00017626-00018080": "Under the light breeze", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00016-00018560-00019086": "So trembles my heart", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00017-00019086-00019494": "Ready to be consoled", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00018-00019494-00019972": "By your voice, which is dear to me!", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00019-00020446-00021371": "Arrows are less quick to bring death", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00020-00021371-00022417": "Than is your love to fly to my arms", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00021-00022417-00023396": "To fly to my arms", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00022-00023396-00024945": "Ah! Respond to my tenderness", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00023-00024945-00026368": "Pour out to me your drunkenness!", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00024-00026368-00027731": "Respond to my tenderness", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00025-00027731-00029682": "Pour out to me your drunkenness!", "0BZnY9rJJQI-00026-00029682-00031776": "Samson, I love you!"}}, {"audio_id": "0CiYyj7QS_4", "text": {"0CiYyj7QS_4-00000-00007542-00007742": "[Radio Playing]  Reports have also indicated that armed robbery", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00001-00007742-00007920": "carjacking and drug related crimes", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00002-00007920-00008290": "have registered at an all time record high in the Jomdon slum area", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00003-00008342-00008906": "The murder of the former CID agent has opened up investigations on tentative speculations concerning", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00004-00008944-00009204": "organized crimes in the dark alleys of Jomdon", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00005-00009278-00009776": "Files prepared by the detective on supposed criminal bigwigs are now at large.", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00006-00009926-00010022": "Hello Mojo", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00007-00010060-00010124": "-Stevo", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00008-00010126-00010276": "-Hello, Wassup", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00009-00010310-00010578": "Ah! This guy never has airtime", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00010-00010730-00010818": "- I have airtime man", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00011-00010818-00010942": "My phone had hung", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00012-00011090-00011250": "There is an ongoing crackdown, have you heard the news of late?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00013-00011258-00011356": "There's going to be a lot of pressure", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00014-00011408-00011610": "You will have to stay alert", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00015-00011684-00011978": "Tell me something that I don't know. I know there is a crackdown", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00016-00012040-00012248": "Listen Steve, my guys are also in the mix", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00017-00012248-00012486": "If we are cought everyone goes down", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00018-00012550-00012722": "- So what do you suggest?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00019-00012722-00012986": "- If you still have the footage we could review it", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00020-00013030-00013274": "I think I might recognize one of the guys who killed your father", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00021-00013324-00013434": "Recognize?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00022-00013497-00013719": "What do you man you can recognize one of the...", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00023-00013754-00013960": "Didn't you say the footage cant really do much?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00024-00013960-00014106": "[Phone disconects]", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00025-00014462-00014618": "[Rizzla] Shahidi", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00026-00014791-00014952": "Hello my name is Sally", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00027-00014952-00015082": "Ill be your waitress for today", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00028-00015110-00015228": "What can I get you?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00029-00015228-00015334": "- Where is Shahidi?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00030-00015354-00015574": "Uhm. She is out", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00031-00015574-00015697": "Her shift is over", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00032-00015786-00015854": "Oh really?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00033-00015966-00016158": "and, whose phone is that ringing at the counter?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00034-00016244-00016392": "Thats mine, ill just pick it.", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00035-00016392-00016512": "Excuse me", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00036-00016700-00016812": "Shahidi!", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00037-00017156-00017284": "Do we really have to do this now?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00038-00017284-00017438": "I really have to go.", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00039-00017438-00017638": "[Mocking her] Do we have to do this?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00040-00017638-00017746": "Shut up!", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00041-00017864-00017942": "Youll get me in...", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00042-00017942-00018052": "Sit down!", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00043-00018544-00018744": "Please, just leave me alone", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00044-00020493-00021029": "No, it doesn't work like that that man you're talking about happens to be my boss. Okay?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00045-00021105-00021788": "You can go to tell your boss to quit stalking me. It's not that simple. He spent a lot in you honey. Let go of me", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00046-00021788-00022310": "I swear you call the police. Can you hear yourself? You're a criminal to surviving? That's my mercy", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00047-00022383-00022583": "Would you really want from me Riddler?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00048-00022722-00023335": "Okay, I'll make it simple for you, okay, just stop it knowing my bosses calls you ain't here for me again ever", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00049-00023418-00023618": "You can tell him to go to hell", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00050-00023676-00024040": "Wow my boss might ignore those words, but me", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00051-00037204-00037442": "Listen I am NOT going to take any money from that man", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00052-00037494-00038157": "This is dirty money. It has blood dripping all over it. That man is a criminal please you have to listen to me", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00053-00038228-00038332": "Would you relax Sally?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00054-00038332-00038532": "My man is not a criminal", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00055-00038532-00038776": "People cant see a man prosper without accusing him of illegal gains?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00056-00038796-00039402": "No, I have had a lot of bad things about this guy people are saying the CID have him on their watch list", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00057-00039458-00039736": "Nonsense! He owns several flats around Jomdon", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00058-00042036-00042198": "[Mash] Catch him!", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00059-00042296-00042416": "get him! Get him!", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00060-00042498-00042566": "Catch him!", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00061-00042566-00042642": "Get that guy!", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00062-00042642-00042802": "You think you can run from us?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00063-00042880-00042980": "Where did you get that stuff?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00064-00043076-00043126": "What are you doing here?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00065-00043168-00043218": "- I was jus..", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00066-00043218-00043276": "- Who sent you here?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00067-00043298-00043434": "Bruh I live in this neighborhood", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00068-00043434-00043608": "Wait a second", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00069-00043738-00043846": "What do we have here?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00070-00043994-00044194": "He's got some premium product", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00071-00044290-00044508": "You! Where did you get this from?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00072-00044564-00044716": "Go and tell whoever sent you", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00073-00044734-00044866": "Jomdon is our teritorry", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00074-00044880-00044930": "Is that clear?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00075-00044942-00045092": "- I promise you, no one sent me here", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00076-00045122-00045172": "- Do you understand?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00077-00045186-00045340": "We are going to hurt you badly", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00078-00045340-00045444": "Foolish child!", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00079-00045518-00045582": "You!", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00080-00045700-00045842": "What are you doing to that kid?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00081-00045866-00046020": "Young man, hit the road", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00082-00046020-00046126": "Dont interrupt us", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00083-00046132-00046266": "- Mind your own business", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00084-00046360-00046520": "Ever since you left the ghetto", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00085-00046526-00046694": "You think you are the man!", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00086-00048298-00048384": "Very useless!", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00087-00048428-00048628": "You can't even fight off one man?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00088-00048646-00048924": "Even with your height you still can't take down one guy?", "0CiYyj7QS_4-00089-00048980-00049198": "Listen! I need that kid delivered to me by sunrise tomorow"}}, {"audio_id": "0CwvncKhC_0", "text": {"0CwvncKhC_0-00000-00000000-00006090": "🌟 🇺🇸 Suit Snow Maiden for a girl — Shop GrandStart.ru 🌟"}}, {"audio_id": "0CLnvSMDPtY", "text": {"0CLnvSMDPtY-00000-00000157-00000666": "Welcome everybody, it’s good to have you here. This is a really important project for", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00001-00000666-00001363": "all of us, an initiative that really has been started at the federal level, and Pennsylvania", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00002-00001363-00002165": "actually has been the first state to join in on the “It’s On Us” campaign. One in five college", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00003-00002166-00002680": "women are assaulted, nearly twenty percent of young women between the ages of 14 and", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00004-00002680-00003258": "17, are sexually assaulted, mostly by someone the survivor knows, a classmate, a supposed", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00005-00003258-00003826": "friend, a relative or a family member, and the impact is serious and it is wide spread.", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00006-00003826-00004247": "When these acts are not taken seriously, or when they are ignored, victims are singled", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00007-00004247-00004747": "out for humiliation, and those who have committed those crimes go unpunished. That’s what", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00008-00004747-00005133": "happened at Stanford University for example, where a member of the university’s swim", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00009-00005133-00005735": "team was caught in the act of raping a young woman. He received only six months in a county", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00010-00005735-00006497": "jail, with probation, while his victim will have to live for the rest of her life with", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00011-00006497-00007034": "the consequences of feeling violation and the danger that that person caused her. To", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00012-00007034-00007503": "that end, I have proposed a million dollars, one million dollars in the 16-17 budget to", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00013-00007503-00008058": "invest in community partnerships that will help prevent sexual violence, to remove barriers", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00014-00008058-00008630": "to reporting in schools across Pennsylvania. I am determined to make Pennsylvania a shining", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00015-00008630-00009130": "example to the rest of the world as to what a committed citizenry can do to make our world", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00016-00009130-00009665": "better. Now, I am very proud to turn this podium over to the person you really want", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00017-00009665-00010222": "to hear from, and that is the coach of the Villanova Wildcats, Coach Jay Wright. Coach,", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00018-00010222-00010989": "thank you very much for being here. Thank you Governor, it is an honor for us to be", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00019-00010989-00011539": "here today. Our team has been all over the capitol and has met everyone and it has been", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00020-00011539-00012264": "an amazing day. What we are talking about today is most important, and it is on all", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00021-00012264-00012997": "of us at Villanova, administrators, coaches, students, all of us, to prevent sexual violence,", "0CLnvSMDPtY-00022-00012997-00013431": "and to create a society that is safe and enjoyed by everyone."}}, {"audio_id": "0CRlLroHq6y", "text": {"0CRlLroHq6y-00000-00000022-00000296": "Thank you for watching candlestick trading video", "0CRlLroHq6y-00001-00000296-00000574": "Why use candlestick?", "0CRlLroHq6y-00002-00000574-00000826": "Candlestick charts were originated in Japan.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00003-00000826-00001518": "Since no defined currency standard existed in Japan during that time,", "0CRlLroHq6y-00004-00001518-00001913": "rice was represented as a medium of exchange.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00005-00001913-00002840": "Various feudal lords deposited rice in warehouses in Osaka and would then sell or trade the", "0CRlLroHq6y-00006-00002840-00002998": "coupon receipts.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00007-00002998-00003668": "Thus rice became the first market trading option.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00008-00003668-00004397": "In the 1700s legendary Japanese rice trader Homma Munehisa studied all aspects of rice", "0CRlLroHq6y-00009-00004397-00004743": "trading from the fundamentals to market psychology.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00010-00004743-00005349": "Homma subsequently dominated the Japanese rice markets and built a huge fortune.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00011-00005349-00006224": "His trading techniques and principles eventually evolved into the candlestick methodology.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00012-00006224-00007169": "This was then used by Japanese technical analysts when the Japanese stock market began in the", "0CRlLroHq6y-00013-00007169-00007381": "1870s.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00014-00007381-00008398": "The method was picked up by famed market technician Charles Dow around 1900.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00015-00008398-00009107": "Still it is the most popular form of technical analysis chart used by today's traders of", "0CRlLroHq6y-00016-00009107-00009369": "financial instruments.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00017-00009369-00010044": "Candlestick charts show the same information as bar charts but in a graphical format that", "0CRlLroHq6y-00018-00010044-00010797": "provides a more detailed and accurate representation of price action.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00019-00010797-00011595": "Candlestick charts visually display the supply and demand situation by showing who is winning", "0CRlLroHq6y-00020-00011595-00012111": "the battle between the bulls and the bears.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00021-00012111-00013034": "Candlestick charts reveal another dimension of the given period's price action by pictorially", "0CRlLroHq6y-00022-00013034-00013747": "displaying the force behind each price bar's movement.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00023-00013747-00014376": "Candlestick formations make all single bar and multi-bar patterns significantly easier", "0CRlLroHq6y-00024-00014376-00014575": "to spot in real time.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00025-00014575-00015316": "Thus it increases trader's chances of catching high probability trade setups.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00026-00015316-00016027": "In addition, because candlestick charts use the same data as bar charts (open, high, low,", "0CRlLroHq6y-00027-00016027-00016903": "and close), all Western technical signals can easily be applied to a candlestick chart.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00028-00016903-00017428": "Candlestick charts offer everything bar charts do and more.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00029-00017428-00018112": "Using them is a win-win situation because traders can use all the trading signals normally", "0CRlLroHq6y-00030-00018112-00019117": "used on bar charts with the added clarity and additional signals generated by candlesticks.", "0CRlLroHq6y-00031-00019117-00019169": "Thank you"}}, {"audio_id": "0DrHrUAo4Hk", "text": {"0DrHrUAo4Hk-00000-00000010-00000060": "THEY START THEIR HOME SCHEDULE", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00001-00000060-00000066": "THEY START THEIR HOME SCHEDULE", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00002-00000066-00000173": "THEY START THEIR HOME SCHEDULE WITH A BANG.", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00003-00000173-00000180": "THEY START THEIR HOME SCHEDULE WITH A BANG.", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00004-00000180-00000316": "THEY START THEIR HOME SCHEDULE WITH A BANG. 5-1 THE FINAL TONIGHT.", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00005-00000316-00000323": "WITH A BANG. 5-1 THE FINAL TONIGHT.", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00006-00000323-00000480": "WITH A BANG. 5-1 THE FINAL TONIGHT. LET'S GO TO MOORHEAD, ROSEAU", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00007-00000480-00000487": "5-1 THE FINAL TONIGHT. LET'S GO TO MOORHEAD, ROSEAU", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00008-00000487-00000720": "5-1 THE FINAL TONIGHT. LET'S GO TO MOORHEAD, ROSEAU BOYS PAYING THE SPUDS A VISIT.", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00009-00000720-00000727": "LET'S GO TO MOORHEAD, ROSEAU BOYS PAYING THE SPUDS A VISIT.", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00010-00000727-00000967": "LET'S GO TO MOORHEAD, ROSEAU BOYS PAYING THE SPUDS A VISIT. AS WE KNOW, THIS MOORHEAD TEAM", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00011-00000967-00000974": "BOYS PAYING THE SPUDS A VISIT. AS WE KNOW, THIS MOORHEAD TEAM", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00012-00000974-00001154": "BOYS PAYING THE SPUDS A VISIT. AS WE KNOW, THIS MOORHEAD TEAM IS PRETTY GOOD.", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00013-00001154-00001161": "AS WE KNOW, THIS MOORHEAD TEAM IS PRETTY GOOD.", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00014-00001161-00001307": "AS WE KNOW, THIS MOORHEAD TEAM IS PRETTY GOOD. FROM THE POINT, THAT GETS THEM", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00015-00001307-00001314": "IS PRETTY GOOD. FROM THE POINT, THAT GETS THEM", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00016-00001314-00001624": "IS PRETTY GOOD. FROM THE POINT, THAT GETS THEM ON THE BOARD.", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00017-00001624-00001631": "FROM THE POINT, THAT GETS THEM ON THE BOARD.", "0DrHrUAo4Hk-00018-00001631-00001961": "FROM THE POINT, THAT GETS THEM ON THE BOARD. THEN LATER COAL FROM -- COLE"}}, {"audio_id": "0DtbKkGKFZo", "text": {"0DtbKkGKFZo-00000-00000003-00000308": "UV gel acrylic nail art polish reviews", "0DtbKkGKFZo-00003-00001399-00001513": "Item", "0DtbKkGKFZo-00004-00001513-00001675": "specification", "0DtbKkGKFZo-00005-00001675-00002250": "Brand name eatery net WT 14 ml type UV gel", "0DtbKkGKFZo-00006-00002332-00002768": "quantity 2 pcs /set item type nail gel", "0DtbKkGKFZo-00007-00002859-00003413": "ingredient UV model number Z F of 0 5 UV topcoat", "0DtbKkGKFZo-00008-00004014-00004238": "Feedback 4.3 out of 5", "0DtbKkGKFZo-00009-00004332-00004532": "100% buyer protection", "0DtbKkGKFZo-00010-00004600-00004773": "return accepted", "0DtbKkGKFZo-00011-00004773-00005495": "already ordered 100 plus product buying price from US us $4 and 39 cents", "0DtbKkGKFZo-00012-00005580-00005780": "original price US dollar", "0DtbKkGKFZo-00013-00005857-00006057": "10.00", "0DtbKkGKFZo-00014-00007696-00008067": "Check the video description below for price and details", "0DtbKkGKFZo-00015-00008275-00008697": "Thanks for watching get more updates, please subscribe my channel"}}, {"audio_id": "0DvhPi_ZB50", "text": {"0DvhPi_ZB50-00002-00000719-00000964": "I'm just a few hours of walk from", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00003-00000985-00001170": "Puerto Natales", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00004-00001210-00001444": "And I'm confronted", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00006-00001646-00002078": "to the real nature, in all her brutality,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00007-00002100-00002393": "in all her essence, actually", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00008-00002393-00002695": "And it's a fascinating sensation.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00009-00002695-00002999": "There is no wonderful view", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00010-00003010-00003216": "It's not", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00011-00003292-00003584": "a real splendour that tourists would come for,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00012-00003584-00003715": "but we really feel", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00013-00003872-00004061": "the very core of things.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00014-00004438-00004632": "So now we are in Torres del Paine", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00015-00004658-00005081": "after 2 days walking from Puerto Natales", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00016-00005081-00005368": "So here we are inside the reception center of CONAF,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00017-00005368-00005650": "which is the national agency of the forests,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00018-00005650-00005846": "which handles the national park.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00019-00005916-00006194": "And so we are going to have a look around.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00020-00006194-00006315": "I'm going to show you all of that.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00021-00006348-00006448": "So now we are", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00022-00006502-00006606": "here !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00023-00006720-00006829": "We are going there", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00024-00006899-00007148": "to attain the mountains of", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00025-00007148-00007420": "Torres del Paine,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00026-00007420-00007698": "and we're gonna do a tour called the \"W\", so like that", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00027-00007733-00007833": "and like that,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00028-00007860-00007995": "and the exit right there.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00029-00008046-00008309": "There is a bigger tour", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00030-00008310-00008552": "which goes all around and that I wanted to do,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00031-00008552-00008682": "but it's still closed", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00032-00008690-00008938": "because the weather conditions are still harsh,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00033-00008938-00009202": "we are still in winter conditions.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00034-00009224-00009380": "So I'm gonna show you all of that !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00035-00011040-00011330": "Got it, I'm arrived", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00036-00011330-00011634": "to the official start of the \"W\" tour in Torres del Paine.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00037-00011634-00011845": "So I'm in the campsite", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00038-00011900-00012204": "which is really impressive, it's a wide campsite", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00039-00012204-00012336": "with a shelter behind.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00040-00012400-00012572": "And I'm going to make a return trip", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00041-00012572-00012808": "of 22 kilometres", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00042-00012808-00013049": "to the Grey glacier.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00043-00013052-00013276": "To do so, I'm going to do it fast.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00044-00013276-00013803": "I'll let my bag here, so I can show you the minimum equipment to have", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00045-00013804-00014110": "for a trip in nature.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00046-00014110-00014408": "So, just like me if you make a return trip and you let your bag,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00047-00014408-00014686": "or if you do some trail running, or for an approach walk in climbing...", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00048-00014686-00014882": "A short trip in nature.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00049-00014926-00015230": "So the 4 essentials would be", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00050-00015325-00015624": "something to make fire,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00051-00015624-00015954": "here I have a firestone, but it can be storm matches", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00052-00015954-00016054": "or a lighter.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00053-00016141-00016268": "Headlamp,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00054-00016403-00016660": "knife, here a multi-function one", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00055-00016757-00016857": "and", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00056-00016881-00017024": "a survival blanket.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00057-00017112-00017423": "So here are the 4 essentials which would allow you", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00058-00017430-00017744": "to get by easily if you are in trouble", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00059-00017744-00017917": "and potentially", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00060-00017917-00018178": "if you are in a survival situation.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00061-00018222-00018466": "Other things, more optional,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00062-00018504-00018804": "which would depend on the circumstances", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00063-00018804-00019098": "a little bit of rope, a bracelet of paracorde it's perfect,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00064-00019098-00019268": "it would be great.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00065-00019347-00019680": "Also, means of navigation :", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00066-00019680-00019981": "so here it's marked out but a GPS would be enough otherwise.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00067-00019981-00020107": "Means of communication:", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00068-00020157-00020453": "phone is not received everywhere, so", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00069-00020453-00020780": "distress signal or satellite phone would be good.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00070-00020890-00021090": "Finally, something to eat and to drink.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00071-00021116-00021466": "Today I'm not going to take something to drink, because there are some waterways in my route,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00072-00021475-00021789": "so I'll drink straight on my way.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00073-00021802-00022088": "So that is the minimum equipment to always carry.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00074-00023780-00023880": "We are facing the glacier !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00075-00024104-00024304": "We can't go further !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00076-00025222-00025554": "We are in a small campsite, in the middle of the forest.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00077-00025570-00025670": "Very nice !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00078-00025776-00025876": "It's named", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00079-00025989-00026133": "\"Campamento Italiano\"", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00080-00026364-00026564": "Let's go !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00081-00027986-00028186": "A bridge again !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00082-00028954-00029208": "Look at what I've just found on the side of the way,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00083-00029342-00029445": "Mike Horn !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00084-00029570-00029689": "A great man !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00085-00029971-00030223": "Someone maybe left it here,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00086-00030286-00030580": "because it was too heavy in the bag. But I am not the one who will take it !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00087-00030680-00030824": "Hard climb !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00088-00030861-00031067": "45 minutes for 1 kilometre,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00089-00031415-00031552": "but we're getting there !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00090-00031972-00032239": "Torres Del Paine it's done,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00091-00032239-00032560": "we can say goodbye by far, goodbye !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00092-00032638-00032925": "And now it's \"back on the roads\",", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00093-00032925-00033230": "until El Calafate and then El Chaltén.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00094-00033250-00033410": "A small part yet to come.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00095-00033504-00034018": "(Virgile imitates the voice-over of a wildlife documentary", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00096-00034102-00034202": "Argentina", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00097-00034344-00034444": "Chile", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00098-00034552-00034670": "Isn't that so funny ?", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00099-00034698-00034958": "Chilian government implemented big means", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00100-00034974-00035172": "so that when people arrive in Chile", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00101-00035184-00035508": "they think \"Okay, Chile is not joking\" !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00102-00035572-00035772": "The road stops dead !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00103-00035938-00036202": "For us, back in Argentina !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00104-00037856-00038038": "Tonight is the night for Argentina,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00105-00038040-00038384": "in a country where football is a religion", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00106-00038384-00038666": "it's their last chance to be qualified for the Football World Cup.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00107-00038722-00039030": "I can say that I feel the anxiety of the country !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00108-00039086-00039606": "And for me, I'm in El Calafate, which means more than 1,000 kilometres (620 miles) walked", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00109-00039606-00039806": "We can drink to that ! Cheers !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00110-00039834-00040162": "Here is my bedroom for tonight, the second time in a row.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00111-00040274-00040538": "Well, yesterday was not precisely here,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00112-00040598-00040752": "but in the same type of place.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00113-00040832-00041540": "It's an evacuation pipe which evacuates water from the fields", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00114-00041566-00041702": "when it rains a lot.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00115-00041894-00042062": "It's a big tunnel,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00116-00042070-00042322": "which ended on the other side.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00117-00042378-00043180": "So yesterday I was seeking for an undercover place to install my tent away from the wind", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00118-00043192-00043479": "and the thing is that the ground is quite shitty,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00119-00043479-00043720": "some sand mixed with stones,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00120-00043720-00044013": "so it's rubbish to pitch the tent pegs", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00121-00044014-00044176": "and I really struggled the night before.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00122-00044186-00044536": "I was seeking for an undercover place and I saw a tunnel like that", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00123-00044540-00044864": "and I thought \"why not sleeping in\" ?", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00124-00044886-00045346": "And I slept very well, very comfy.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00125-00045386-00045646": "So I'm doing it again tonight !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00126-00045824-00046124": "Here we are, in El Chaltén", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00127-00046200-00046718": "First part done, 1,300 kilometres (810 miles), almost 40 days,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00128-00046742-00047062": "it was not always easy, with a lot of road,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00129-00047062-00047446": "but I'm very excited about what will happen next,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00130-00047458-00048168": "with the Greater Patagonian Trail, which is going to be much more in wilderness.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00131-00048192-00048682": "So something really exciting, which gonna take us to Santiago !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00132-00048716-00048868": "El Chaltén !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00133-00049156-00049606": "Here we are ! Okay, so it seems ultra touristic.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00134-00049828-00050141": "So I made it, I'm in El Chaltén,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00135-00050141-00050382": "and I met up with my friend Dragos, I'm pleased !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00136-00050430-00051050": "So, I'm gonna let him talk to explain who he is and why he is here, quite simply.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00137-00051082-00051232": "Well, what I'm going to do here", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00138-00051266-00051604": "it's to join Virgile on the Greater Patagonian Trail", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00139-00051650-00051774": "on the condition", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00140-00051778-00051926": "that my ankle be treated before", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00141-00051932-00052022": "Yeah, explain us what's going on", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00142-00052058-00052246": "So I have a sprain on the left ankle,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00143-00052278-00052538": "we gonna make a test this afternoon,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00144-00052572-00052712": "on a little mountain, just nearby", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00145-00052712-00052838": "We gonna make a spin.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00146-00052920-00053136": "A little uneven ground, and on snow too I think,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00147-00053136-00053650": "on a treck of about 8 to 10 kilometres I think. Yeah, a little thing.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00148-00053650-00053962": "Last minute sprain, unfortunately", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00149-00053996-00054536": "and otherwise, in theory you would join me later on the trail.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00150-00054536-00054774": "We will see that this afternoon !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00151-00055220-00055694": "Little visit of the Glacier National Park, with Dragos", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00152-00055717-00055917": "It's only the warm-up !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00153-00055936-00056264": "Next step will be more serious !", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00154-00058294-00058494": "We did it !!", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00155-00059479-00059733": "We are now at the reception desk", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00156-00059733-00059960": "of the Los Glaciares National Park in El Chaltén.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00157-00059961-00060209": "And today we are lucky to meet Jorge", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00158-00060209-00060438": "who will tell us more about the park,", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00159-00060438-00060675": "the importance of glaciers on this area", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00160-00060676-00061170": "and about the impact of the climate change on the glaciers.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00161-00061234-00062210": "Firstly, could you explain us where we are and what is your job here ?", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00162-00062270-00063605": "So, I am a forest ranger here, in the Los Glacieres National Park, in Patagonia, Argentina", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00163-00063648-00064467": "And right now, we are in the Northern zone of the park, which is the El Chalten and Viedma Lake area", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00164-00064504-00065282": "This national park is the biggest in Argentina, with a surface area of about 720,000 hectares", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00165-00065294-00066212": "which is huge, and it is part of the Southern Patagonian Ice Field.", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00166-00066244-00067566": "It’s an ice field in which there are numerous big glaciers and it constitutes one of the most important reserves of freshwater in the world", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00167-00067594-00068398": "These last years, did the glaciers change a lot due to climate change ?", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00168-00068404-00070472": "Yes. To explain, 6-8 years ago, the biggest glacier of the National Park, and so, of Argentina, was the Upsala Glacier, which supplies the Argentino Lake near El Calafate", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00169-00070506-00071460": "But after an important drop, it became the second, and today, it is the Viedma glacier which is considered as the biggest", "0DvhPi_ZB50-00170-00071496-00072370": "We can find different theories in study to explain this phenomenon, but this year, the Viedma also faces a much more fast drop than the last years"}}, {"audio_id": "0D-IAKL95q8", "text": {"0D-IAKL95q8-00000-00000114-00000738": "Hello friends yesterday I updated to the new HomeKit architecture and I encountered", "0D-IAKL95q8-00001-00000738-00001200": "directly two problems and I want to share the solutions in this video Welcome to this new", "0D-IAKL95q8-00002-00001200-00001889": "video so there was a new HomeKit architecture update available yesterday I updated this", "0D-IAKL95q8-00003-00001889-00002466": "update makes the HomeKit environment a little bit more fluent but you have to remember that", "0D-IAKL95q8-00004-00002466-00003204": "iPads can't any longer be used as hubs so I updated it directly through this screen", "0D-IAKL95q8-00005-00003372-00004020": "I got a message that the iPhone of my wife and the iPhone of my son had to be updated as well", "0D-IAKL95q8-00006-00004020-00004548": "otherwise they couldn't use the HomeKit any longer so afterwards my wife updated her iPhone as well", "0D-IAKL95q8-00007-00004548-00005256": "and after the update she had her own HomeKit environment so I sent her an invite like this", "0D-IAKL95q8-00008-00005256-00005904": "she received the invite on her iPhone but when accepted nothing happened and she disappeared in", "0D-IAKL95q8-00009-00005904-00006540": "my invites so really annoying I tried it several times but nothing worked the solution is quite", "0D-IAKL95q8-00010-00006540-00007164": "simple after the update you have to reboot your Homepods / Apple TV so I rebooted both Homepods", "0D-IAKL95q8-00011-00007284-00007812": "I re invited my wife and afterwards she could see my home in her HomeKit", "0D-IAKL95q8-00012-00007812-00008244": "and switch from her own environment to the new environment so the other problem", "0D-IAKL95q8-00013-00008322-00009000": "was with my non-official HomeKit switches as you know I have a video about my DoHome", "0D-IAKL95q8-00014-00009000-00009744": "switches that are available for only 5 Euros and they work really fine but after this upgrade", "0D-IAKL95q8-00015-00009744-00010290": "all the switches had this typical accessory doesn't react so I tried to reboot my power", "0D-IAKL95q8-00016-00010290-00010950": "in the house but that didn't work the solution was to re-add them to the HomeKit one by one", "0D-IAKL95q8-00017-00013602-00014208": "I gave it the same name but followed by a 2 this way I could easily add them again", "0D-IAKL95q8-00018-00014208-00014897": "manually in all the automations and in my scenes and afterwards I could", "0D-IAKL95q8-00019-00014897-00015516": "delete the older version and this way with little effort all my devices react again", "0D-IAKL95q8-00020-00023508-00024228": "so quite annoying but if you know the solution it isn't that hard to", "0D-IAKL95q8-00021-00024228-00024690": "deal with it so I hope you like this little video leave me your comments", "0D-IAKL95q8-00022-00024690-00025062": "don't forget to like and subscribe and I see you in the very next video bye bye"}}, {"audio_id": "0DEn8pwyh3E", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "0DL8WqWgMEM", "text": {"0DL8WqWgMEM-00000-00000000-00000050": "loksabha election 2019", "0DL8WqWgMEM-00001-00000050-00000100": "bjp candidate list", "0DL8WqWgMEM-00002-00000100-00000150": "Loksabha election 2019 पूर्व BJP सांसद ने कहा चापलूसी नहीं की तो टिकट"}}, {"audio_id": "0DM4PFLqLlY", "text": {"0DM4PFLqLlY-00000-00000032-00000360": "with access to virtually any song. with access to virtually any song", "0DM4PFLqLlY-00001-00000360-00000832": "you hear as well as desperately connected playlists that are perfect for any occasion.", "0DM4PFLqLlY-00002-00000832-00001592": "apple music truly has something for everyone and one of the best ways to experience is homemade.", "0DM4PFLqLlY-00003-00002088-00002304": "wow, i wonder what homepod mini has in store.", "0DM4PFLqLlY-00004-00002472-00002984": "is there another new version of the homepod mini coming out today?", "0DM4PFLqLlY-00005-00003520-00003928": "that's already been said on the previous uh october 2020 event,", "0DM4PFLqLlY-00006-00003928-00004384": "and yeah, i already heard it before.", "0DM4PFLqLlY-00007-00005496-00005784": "i wonder what the model is this time.", "0DM4PFLqLlY-00008-00006112-00006831": "wait, i wonder what the model is. okay, now there's three four colors, three", "0DM4PFLqLlY-00009-00006831-00007184": "colors are active. now there's five colors.", "0DM4PFLqLlY-00010-00007440-00007568": "i'll stop and use the name.", "0DM4PFLqLlY-00011-00007976-00008512": "five colors. you've never heard color like this homepod.", "0DM4PFLqLlY-00012-00009064-00009120": "fun"}}, {"audio_id": "0E8L_FSdSqy", "text": {"0E8L_FSdSqy-00000-00002608-00003112": "this video series is sponsored by american coffee and tea american coffee and tea is", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00001-00003112-00003656": "located at the corner of stonebrook parkway and the north dallas tollway uh right next to the", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00002-00003711-00004344": "shale station in frisco texas guys if if you pride yourself in supporting local businesses", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00003-00004344-00005000": "and you pride yours you pride you pride yourself in being patriotic and believe in in capitalism", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00004-00005000-00005640": "and and believe and the opportunity to forge your own path pathway in your business and in life then", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00005-00005640-00006112": "stop by american coffee and tea and support them the staff is fantastic they're friendly and and", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00006-00006200-00007128": "hospitable and and you just get a sense of of community and and uh i would say harmony when", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00007-00007128-00007616": "you go in there guys american coffee tea today i'm drinking the cobra it's very good and tasty it's", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00008-00007616-00008216": "robust i love it so make sure you stop by then when you get a chance in frisco texas hey what's", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00009-00008216-00008568": "up guys welcome to the rush out perspective you know every now and then you'll run into", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00010-00008568-00008992": "a person who you look in their eyes you can tell that they recognize their own humanity", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00011-00009072-00009560": "not only that but they also understand humanity is all about limitless empathy", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00012-00009560-00010024": "but born from born from the hearts understanding that another person is just as real as they are", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00013-00010120-00010608": "as a board member of operation carry international and a sponsor for fellowship power lunch", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00014-00010608-00011152": "katie andy makes it her mission to surrender a piece of herself in order to understand and", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00015-00011152-00011752": "identify with the journeys and sometimes the struggles people face she knows that her time", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00016-00011752-00012232": "and commitment to all these causes are part of a greater mission of helping people find", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00017-00012232-00012752": "peace and happiness in their lives so it's my great pleasure to introduce to you katie andy", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00018-00012752-00013191": "thank you russ katie it's a pleasure to have you here thank you it's a pleasure to be here", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00019-00013463-00014063": "did i get you i lost my voice there for a second all right awesome yeah i think i hit all points i", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00020-00014063-00014591": "feel that you know i see it when i look in your eyes i can tell you recognize your own humanity", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00021-00014591-00015240": "and and that that you give a piece of yourself to each of the organizations that you represent", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00022-00015240-00015728": "and and in that journey with people you get to understand them better", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00023-00015728-00016312": "and and you also it's your mission to help them find peace and joy in their lives so absolutely", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00024-00016384-00016792": "that's absolutely correct and i think that two key things you said there are surrender", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00025-00016904-00017304": "surrendering a piece of yourself because that's really what we're doing but when we surrender that", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00026-00017304-00018128": "we gain so much back that's awesome i might get emotional okay you know okay okay so let's start", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00027-00018128-00018576": "off by first i want to tell you that i admire and appreciate the work you do in the community we've", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00028-00018576-00019120": "worked together on many projects and i've always find this joyful heart a joyful hope and heart", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00029-00019120-00019656": "from you and it's it's a great it's a it's great to be partnering with you on on these things too i", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00030-00019656-00020152": "want you to know that thank you that feeling goes both way rush awesome okay well first things first", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00031-00020216-00020760": "let's start off by paying respect to black history month okay by saying happy black history month to", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00032-00020760-00021360": "you and your family talk to me a little bit about what black history month month means to to you you", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00033-00021360-00021976": "and your family so being a blended family i think that it's important that we celebrate all cultures", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00034-00022040-00022464": "god didn't create any one culture better than the other he didn't create any one race better than", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00035-00022464-00022968": "the other we're all brothers and sisters and that blended nation right that is what we're", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00036-00022968-00023464": "called to be we're called to collaborate to create together to communicate to cooperate", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00037-00023520-00024104": "and i think that it's important because we've had a marginalized piece of our society that has not", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00038-00024104-00024848": "been given proper credit for their contributions to society and science art math industry", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00039-00024848-00025488": "manufacturing and so to have a particular month that we can set aside and learn and truly learn", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00040-00025488-00025968": "the things that aren't taught in the textbooks because they've been taken out or eliminated or", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00041-00025968-00026560": "oppressed it's important that all of us are part of that conversation and that we learn truth and", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00042-00026560-00027016": "so to me that's what the month represents it's an opportunity for us to all come to the table", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00043-00027080-00027600": "good bad and ugly and to talk about truth and to give credit where credit's due absolutely you know", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00044-00027808-00028224": "martin luther king you know there are points in history that really stand out", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00045-00028224-00028672": "you know for african americans black history month and just black history period", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00046-00028672-00029232": "um is there one specific piece of history that you go this one's the most significant one that", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00047-00029232-00029600": "impacts me the most there are there are so many and for me and i remember this going all the way", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00048-00029600-00030160": "back to i think probably my fifth grade year right but it stuck with me but harriet tubman", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00049-00030224-00031127": "absolutely is my hero she is somebody who um shows what it is to take courage to surrender", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00050-00031127-00031568": "yourself to surrender maybe pieces of your own freedom so that you can go back and get others", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00051-00031568-00032176": "and bring them out and so just her courage her tenacity and she did this all the way through", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00052-00032176-00032727": "the end of her life and so she definitely somebody i celebrate but there's so many great prophets and", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00053-00032727-00033408": "activists and people that god has sent into the world we just have to listen and not crucify them", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00054-00033408-00034016": "yeah perfectly said i agree with you 100 on harriet tubman and so many others oh so many yes", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00055-00034016-00034600": "yeah okay so talk to me okay you let's transition you work it you work with interleague mortgage", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00056-00034600-00035072": "and what do you what do you guys do over in our league so interlink mortgage is a mortgage banker", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00057-00035072-00035576": "we provide financing to first-time home buyers second-time homebuyers purchasing your dream home", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00058-00035576-00036144": "investment property basically the way i look at my role and this is my 24th year in the mortgage", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00059-00036144-00036648": "industry but i'm here to help i'm here to help people realize the dream of home ownership and", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00060-00036648-00037160": "we have lots of different programs from zero down products down payment assistance we have jumbo", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00061-00037160-00037632": "loans bank statement programs so lots of different tools in our toolbox to help people achieve that", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00062-00037632-00038144": "dream that's awesome you've been 24 years in the mortgage industry that's like a lot it's a", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00063-00038304-00038736": "legacy of body of work that can be much appreciated and valued if someone reaches", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00064-00038736-00039384": "out to you if someone reached out to you where would they go so they can find me at www.kandylon", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00065-00039488-00039768": "you can also find me on facebook my phone number is", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00066-00040704-00041008": "the industry and 817-807-5367 products and programs available as well", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00067-00041072-00041480": "one of the things that i love being in the industry as long as i have been", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00068-00041480-00041928": "is that i'm starting to get the next generation i'm starting to get the kids of families that i", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00069-00041928-00042368": "closed whenever i was still just a processor so it's pretty exciting that's crazy that's like", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00070-00042368-00042832": "that's like i'm sure you're like wow that's like an awesome it's so fun it's so fun that's so cool", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00071-00042832-00043408": "okay you're also a board member of operation care international and a sponsor for sponsor", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00072-00043408-00043856": "for fellowship power lunch talk to me a little bit about each of those organizations so let me", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00073-00043856-00044280": "start with fellowship power lunch because that's actually how i got connected with operation care", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00074-00044344-00044832": "so fellowship power lunch we just celebrated our sixth year and this was a vision that lisa", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00075-00044832-00045320": "k gurney had had that god had placed on her hearts a few years before she actually stepped", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00076-00045320-00046016": "out in faith and basically fellowship power lunch brings speakers authors people from the political", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00077-00046016-00046736": "atmosphere from sports from media but they bring she brings them in to speak to a group", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00078-00046736-00047144": "of people right we're just it's fellowship it's not networking it's an opportunity to step away", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00079-00047144-00047672": "from your busyness and connect with other people receive a good lunch and receive a good word right", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00080-00047672-00048280": "and it's nourishing for the soul and the body fellowship power launch in 2016 in november", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00081-00048280-00048936": "susie jennings who's the founder of operation care was our guest speaker and susie's story touched me", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00082-00048936-00049464": "in such a poignant way that i immediately signed up to volunteer for their annual", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00083-00049464-00049984": "christmas party for jesus which is a christmas event serving our homeless community and our", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00084-00049984-00050560": "severely impoverished families so it immediately spoke to me i grew up in poverty so i understand", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00085-00050560-00051056": "what that struggle is like and i believe that when we have been blessed to come up out of", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00086-00051056-00051504": "that it is our responsibility to turn around and then bless others and help them along the way", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00087-00051504-00051984": "so a hand up not a handout but finding a way to connect with people and show them that there", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00088-00052048-00052472": "is a way forward and where they are today isn't necessarily where they're going to end up", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00089-00052472-00053016": "and so it represented a lot of hope and it represented um an opportunity for me to share", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00090-00053016-00053679": "my time and my talent and my treasure so i started out as a volunteer that first year and my daughter", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00091-00053679-00054367": "at the time served with me and from there we've served pretty much every year since and in 2000", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00092-00054496-00055144": "i think 2019 i was able to bring interlink family foundation on as a partner with operation care", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00093-00055144-00055664": "in the way of grant money and so i've been able to do that for the last couple of years", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00094-00055664-00056384": "with operation care and in 2021 susie jennings asked me if i would consider prayerfully consider", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00095-00056384-00057008": "being a board member which i did i am very protective of my time so i want to make sure that", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00096-00057008-00057776": "if i'm saying yes that i'm saying yes to the right thing and the right time because i am a mother i", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00097-00057776-00058360": "am a wife and that that's my first ministry but it's been a blessing to be a part of the board", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00098-00058360-00058904": "and to see what all actually goes into bringing those events to the community", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00099-00058904-00059704": "but also understanding the operation care is not just that one event they provide um they provide", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00100-00059872-00060328": "tangible items to the homeless community and the impoverished community throughout", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00101-00060328-00060752": "the year through their st joseph storehouse so it's an ongoing ministry it's just that that's", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00102-00060752-00061200": "that's one main event that they do each year that's awesome yeah i love it yeah it sounds like", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00103-00061200-00061791": "a very impactful um event both organizations i'm familiar with uh fellowship power lynch because i", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00104-00061791-00062432": "do a lot of work with y'all and um but man the uh operation care international is pretty impactful", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00105-00062432-00063240": "okay next question is how important are these organizations to to the community they both serve", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00106-00063312-00063912": "a purpose to connect people and to help people right that is probably the biggest", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00107-00063912-00064304": "thing i think that we've been missing in the last few years especially with covid is we are", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00108-00064384-00065064": "we've lost a lot of connection we've been so isolated and so even during cove fellowship was", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00109-00065064-00065608": "able to meet via zoom so we still had our monthly luncheons with our speakers and we were able to", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00110-00065608-00066224": "use technology to still bring people together and during that time our membership actually grew", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00111-00066280-00066832": "because people were able to attend a little bit more easily via the zoom connection than taking", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00112-00066832-00067392": "time out and driving and going to the event whenever it was at crest infinity but what", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00113-00067392-00067904": "we found is that people were hungry for that connection people still needed that personal", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00114-00067904-00068336": "touch and that's really what fellowship is all about like i said it's not a networking event", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00115-00068336-00068912": "it's a connection event it is an opportunity to go and connect and to to meet other people", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00116-00068912-00069520": "that maybe share similar stories and we just recently had jim monroe who's an author and a", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00117-00069520-00069904": "speaker and a skeptic and a lot of people probably know him from his i am second", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00118-00069976-00070616": "and that was probably out of the six years that we've been hosting that event it was one of the", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00119-00070616-00071240": "most impactful that we've experienced so far but for me being able to connect with people", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00120-00071296-00071864": "in a meaningful way with authenticity and being genuine that's what we're called to do", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00121-00071864-00072280": "none of us are called to live in isolation you know no man is an island unto himself", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00122-00072280-00072984": "right and so when we step out of our comfort zone and we step out of ourselves and we help others", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00123-00073120-00073680": "it will multiply yeah you know i kind of call it god's divine math you know whatever burdens", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00124-00073680-00074456": "we carry are divided and whatever joys we share become multiplied so these sorts of events allow", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00125-00074456-00075016": "us to multiply the blessings that we've been given that's amazing i love that okay how's", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00126-00075016-00075760": "it go again so god's a divine math right so our burdens when we share them become divided and our", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00127-00075760-00076504": "joys when we share them become multiplied i love that yes okay being part of these organizations", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00128-00076504-00076936": "is there a story or an experience that sticks out in your mind that has impacted you the most", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00129-00077056-00077792": "so they both have different things right with operation care i think on a personal level where", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00130-00077792-00078320": "it really impacted me the first year i served in toys so i was in the back i didn't really get to", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00131-00078320-00078864": "experience the event and in the front i didn't get to see the people right i was just bagging toys", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00132-00078952-00079432": "the my daughter who went with me at the time was 15 was originally going to serve in the", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00133-00079432-00079848": "santa area to take pictures right that's where she was comfortable but right across from that", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00134-00079848-00080384": "is the family foot washing station and this is where children come and have their feet washed", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00135-00080384-00080952": "and they get new socks and new shoes and i'm telling you what a beautiful thing right yeah", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00136-00080952-00081552": "i had kind of wanted her to serve there but at 15 didn't know if i was a seller on that right well", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00137-00081552-00082080": "they were short-handed there they were over over volunteered in the santa station and they came", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00138-00082080-00082576": "over and asked her volunteers and she said i'll go wow and of course as a mom i was so proud right", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00139-00082640-00083136": "so but i didn't know this until after the event so she comes and she tells me and she's excited and", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00140-00083136-00083928": "she's also softened yeah and she goes mom she goes seeing the look on these kids faces she goes this", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00141-00083928-00084536": "is where we have to serve this is where we have to serve every single year she goes being able to", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00142-00084600-00085088": "talk to this child to connect with his child to make them laugh and to see them get this pair of", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00143-00085088-00085800": "shoes it seems like something that is so small but the following year when we did serve there", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00144-00085872-00086400": "i caught what she caught yeah and it is that humanity yeah and for a lot of these", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00145-00086400-00087016": "children this is their pair of shoes for the year they don't go in their closet and have", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00146-00087016-00087576": "eight pairs of shoes to choose from they have one pair and as that pair starts to fall apart", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00147-00087704-00088184": "they just have to walk through it through the holes in their shoes and we will see children", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00148-00088184-00088872": "year after year and we get to see them grow yeah and hopefully my goal is that we stop", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00149-00088872-00089384": "seeing some of those children that maybe they are able to raise up out of that that mom and dad are", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00150-00089384-00089880": "given opportunity that maybe this is just a season but they are going to come out of it", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00151-00089880-00090608": "but that's the hope that we want to sow is that each season that you go through there is hope", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00152-00090608-00091088": "on the other side of that that your station could be better that your opportunity could be better", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00153-00091088-00091760": "life can change like that yeah and so if we can sow that hope and share that love and really just", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00154-00091848-00092384": "share the humanity right you know i see you yeah and i want to see you smile i want to make you", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00155-00092384-00092864": "laugh yeah i want to love on you a little bit awesome you know yeah so it's fantastic it's", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00156-00092864-00093352": "beautiful i got a little choked up i'll be honest with you i really did it's emotional you know um", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00157-00093352-00094040": "people don't understand these the spiritual significance of washing someone's feet and", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00158-00094040-00094560": "and you know the connection with christ and so that's a beautiful expression too", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00159-00094560-00095072": "in its own right too you know and that's that is exactly susie's vision for that that's that is one", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00160-00095072-00095552": "of the reasons that the foot washing station both on the homeless side and on the family side it is", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00161-00095552-00096192": "a signature piece and that's what she started with and so internationally the countries that we adopt", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00162-00096256-00096832": "that is the signature event that takes place so there is evangelism there there's the foot washing", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00163-00096832-00097408": "there's the new shoes in texas obviously we've got the toys and we have the meals and all of that too", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00164-00097408-00097968": "but in the other countries that she goes to the signature thing that we do is wash the feet of", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00165-00097968-00098456": "the children and the homeless and provide them new shoes and it is that that is the example", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00166-00098456-00099048": "christ gave us as far as serving he didn't come so that he could be served he came so that he could", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00167-00099048-00099664": "serve yeah what have you learned about humanity being part of these organizations that there's", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00168-00099664-00100352": "hope yeah um you know there's so many things going on in the world right now that we could focus on", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00169-00100448-00101416": "that could take our peace away but being part of a organization that is bigger than yourself", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00170-00101416-00102064": "and that is actually doing work in the community it connects you to the good things to the joy", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00171-00102136-00102783": "to you know when you pour love out you can't help but open up and have love poured back in and", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00172-00102848-00103728": "um i can't imagine a life where i'm not serving anymore and there were many years that i didn't", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00173-00103728-00104224": "there were many years i was tied up in my own business and my own goals and what i thought", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00174-00104224-00104935": "was important but in 2014 god really got a hold of me and you know he brought me out of a very", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00175-00104935-00105535": "very dark place he set me in a new place and it was a place for me to surrender my life to him", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00176-00105600-00106320": "and to really trust his process and his order to things and knowing what he brought me out of", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00177-00106320-00106824": "how can i not give back how can i not pour back that hope and others knowing what he's", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00178-00106824-00107280": "done for me how can i not share that with other people that he can do that for you too amen", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00179-00107280-00107935": "yeah awesome okay sponsorship within a community organization what are what are a couple of tips", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00180-00107935-00108416": "to gain sponsorship for like you know like your organizations that you're part of what are some", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00181-00108416-00108848": "some tips that you could give somebody who has an organization's how do i get i need sponsors i need", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00182-00108848-00109448": "sponsors for an event i need sponsors for a gala i want to host what are a couple of tips that you've", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00183-00109448-00110000": "you've kind of learned in the in being a part of uh um being a sponsor number one and being a", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00184-00110000-00110840": "board member so start small right it doesn't have to be a great big event yeah it can be something", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00185-00110840-00111328": "small i mean for me i had never thought about sponsoring an event like fellowship power launch", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00186-00111328-00111911": "before until lisa king came to me about it right and i was like yeah this sounds great let's do", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00187-00111911-00112359": "it and here we are six years later and i'm still a sponsor and we've seen so many sponsors come along", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00188-00112488-00113088": "we need money right organizations like operation care fellowship interlink family foundation", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00189-00113159-00113608": "all of the non-profits and this even in the veteran community all of the non-profits", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00190-00113608-00114200": "are serving the community their boots on ground right all of that takes dollars but if you start", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00191-00114200-00114816": "small if you start well what can i give first of all what's important to me yeah find something", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00192-00114816-00115400": "that makes your heart sing find an organization that speaks to something inside of you because", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00193-00115400-00115896": "i guarantee that everything that each one of us has gone through as a child and a teenager", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00194-00115896-00116568": "and as an adult there's something in our life that touched us in a certain way find the organizations", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00195-00116568-00117016": "that are doing that work because that's where you'll find the human connection that's where", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00196-00117016-00117559": "it will have meaning and then from there where can i put my dollars where can i put my time my", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00197-00117559-00118168": "talent my treasure and for sponsors same thing you know what does your organization represent", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00198-00118224-00118872": "and what organizations within the community that are doing that work who can you connect with to", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00199-00118872-00119720": "put your corporate dollars as a sponsor to help bring those events or supplies or therapy or", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00200-00119792-00120240": "um make a wish sort of things i mean there's so many needs that can be met but find the", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00201-00120240-00120583": "organizations that are meeting the need and put your time talent and treasure there", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00202-00120704-00121152": "and then as far as this is something i had never fundraised before fellowship power lunch and", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00203-00121152-00121496": "before our first annual veterans appreciation event which you walked through that with us", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00204-00121656-00122368": "it's amazing if you ask most people have a heart to give some people just don't know where to give", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00205-00122368-00123040": "right so don't be afraid to ask and let them know what you're about be transparent and let them know", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00206-00123040-00123568": "you know no matter how small that seed is how much that donation is it will make a difference because", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00207-00123568-00124096": "if we have a hundred people making a one dollar donation that's a hundred dollars that we've just", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00208-00124096-00124640": "raised right and then you multiply that so we all have social networks but we also have our inner", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00209-00124640-00125232": "sphere so i always start with that inner sphere you know go go small yeah but then also use the", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00210-00125232-00125864": "social media platforms to go big yeah katie it's always this has been a wonderful conversation", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00211-00125864-00126535": "enlightenment of who you are the embodiment of of of humanity your contributions to the community", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00212-00126535-00127168": "how you're motivated by by helping others achieve their their happiness and personal uh fulfillment", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00213-00127168-00127592": "for their lives and i'm honored to know you and work with you all the time and it's it's", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00214-00127592-00127976": "been a great pleasure to sit down and and have a conversation with you about the the things that", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00215-00127976-00128600": "are important in your life and your mission and going on in the community so i appreciate you", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00216-00128600-00129008": "i ask you real quick before we wrap up are there any events that we need to know about that are", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00217-00129008-00129680": "coming up uh with uh with opposition operation uh care international or fellowship powerlifting yes", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00218-00129680-00130159": "so both so fellowship power lunch meets the third tuesday of every month um we are going to have a", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00219-00130159-00130632": "new location in march so look for that on social media on facebook under fellowship power lunch", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00220-00130632-00131080": "or you can look us up on fellowshipperlaunch.com we do meet monthly and then we're about to have", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00221-00131080-00131608": "our fourth annual veterans appreciation event in november we are looking for corporate sponsors as", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00222-00131608-00132088": "well as individual sponsors as well as volunteers and veterans this is free to veterans and their", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00223-00132088-00132680": "spouse it is an opportunity for us to thank them to honor them just appreciate them we always have", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00224-00132680-00133408": "a great speaker for that event as far as operation care goes we have a love banquet coming up the", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00225-00133408-00134096": "saturday it's easter weekend so it's it's the saturday before easter and it is at esp which is", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00226-00134096-00134904": "a former strip club turned into a church downtown right yeah yes so restoration and a lot of ways", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00227-00134904-00135568": "and we will be serving the homeless an incredible banquet we have a company that comes they have", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00228-00135568-00136176": "mobile showers and so the homeless can come get a shower they can get fed again the foot washing is", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00229-00136176-00136608": "part of that event as well and then we also have some great entertainment lined up i think we have", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00230-00136608-00137104": "some magicians coming in this year to entertain while they have lunch but it's just an opportunity", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00231-00137104-00137672": "for us to love them them easter weekend awesome katie it's a pleasure to have you again um i", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00232-00137672-00138104": "love you very much as a friend his sister in christ and uh and i look forward to seeing you", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00233-00138104-00138616": "at all the amazing events and i definitely want to partner up with you on operation care now to carry", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00234-00138616-00139080": "international so we'll do that okay wonderful rush thank you again so much for having me awesome", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00235-00139080-00140184": "guys that's it for the rush out perspective as i always say the ocean refuses no river", "0E8L_FSdSqy-00236-00142512-00142520": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0EjSoeidN_Q", "text": {"0EjSoeidN_Q-00000-00000573-00001112": "Draw with Kate Hi guys 🤗", "0EjSoeidN_Q-00001-00001112-00001707": "Today's video is drawing pink clouds and the moon with oil pastels! :)", "0EjSoeidN_Q-00002-00001865-00002417": "First, draw the cloud shape in pink and then shade it.", "0EjSoeidN_Q-00003-00004230-00004781": "Then, blend it well with a cotton swab or your finger so that it adheres on the paper.", "0EjSoeidN_Q-00004-00006965-00007517": "Express the bright parts with white oil pastels in the middle.", "0EjSoeidN_Q-00005-00009232-00009784": "Draw the overall shape and shadows of the clouds with a darker pink color.", "0EjSoeidN_Q-00006-00021941-00022417": "Now I'm going to color the night sky in navy blue", "0EjSoeidN_Q-00007-00028839-00029316": "Now is the finishing stage!  use the white paint marker to draw the very bright areas.", "0EjSoeidN_Q-00008-00033602-00033941": "remove the masking tape.", "0EjSoeidN_Q-00009-00038085-00038519": "It’s done, Thanks for watching my video, see you next time 👋😊"}}, {"audio_id": "0EIgRDmESEg", "text": {"0EIgRDmESEg-00000-00000000-00000384": "hey everyone welcome to the channel my name is philly beats you and in this video we're going", "0EIgRDmESEg-00001-00000384-00001008": "to be talking about how to ev train your pokemon no not the pokemon eevee eevee as in effort values", "0EIgRDmESEg-00002-00001008-00001488": "and we're gonna be talking about three things that make your pokemon super op first we're gonna talk", "0EIgRDmESEg-00003-00001488-00001936": "about what are the eevees the second thing we're going to talk about is how to reset your pokemon's", "0EIgRDmESEg-00004-00001936-00002376": "evs if for some reason you've been battling the whole game and you want to make it powerful but", "0EIgRDmESEg-00005-00002376-00002744": "it's all messed up and the third thing we're going to talk about are the two methods of training so", "0EIgRDmESEg-00006-00002744-00003088": "if you're pumped for this video make sure to hit that like button and if you're new to the channel", "0EIgRDmESEg-00007-00003088-00003576": "hit subscribe because you don't want to miss out on content like this we have a lot of other videos", "0EIgRDmESEg-00008-00003576-00003960": "just like this on the channel so make sure to go check those out but without further ado let's", "0EIgRDmESEg-00009-00003960-00004448": "not waste your time and get right into this evs are known as base points pokemon get these evs", "0EIgRDmESEg-00010-00004448-00004992": "every time you capture or battle a pokemon in an encounter in fact every single pokemon you battle", "0EIgRDmESEg-00011-00004992-00005512": "has a specific eevee stat that it yields you when you complete that battle or catch it for example", "0EIgRDmESEg-00012-00005512-00005976": "when you encounter badoof in the beginning of the game and battle it and then defeat it that badoof", "0EIgRDmESEg-00013-00005976-00006631": "is responsible for giving you one ev of hp to put it in better perspective four evs are equal", "0EIgRDmESEg-00014-00006631-00007264": "to one stat point when your pokemon hits level 100 you can see that pokemon have six stats hp", "0EIgRDmESEg-00015-00007264-00008072": "attack defense special attack special defense and speed pokemon can all have a total of 510 evs", "0EIgRDmESEg-00016-00008072-00008552": "each specific stat like attack defense speed special defense special attacker hp", "0EIgRDmESEg-00017-00008552-00009224": "can only have a maximum of 252 total an example of using all the eevs in a pokemon would be this", "0EIgRDmESEg-00018-00009224-00010064": "guard chomp for example this guard chomp can have 252 evs in speed 252 evs in attack and six evs in", "0EIgRDmESEg-00019-00010064-00010640": "hp making a grand total of 510. every single player has the freedom to put the eevees wherever", "0EIgRDmESEg-00020-00010640-00011224": "they want you don't have to necessarily put all 252 in one stack you can distribute that amongst", "0EIgRDmESEg-00021-00011224-00011728": "all the stats the most optimum players will put a full max stat into what the pokemon's biggest", "0EIgRDmESEg-00022-00011728-00012184": "strengths are now in this part of the video you're going to learn how to reset evs on a", "0EIgRDmESEg-00023-00012184-00012672": "pokemon for example let's just say you traveled really far with your starter throughout the game", "0EIgRDmESEg-00024-00012672-00013168": "and you battled so many different pokemon that yielded different evs in so many different stats", "0EIgRDmESEg-00025-00013168-00013672": "that your pokemon is completely messed up there's a solution for that six berries the six berries", "0EIgRDmESEg-00026-00013672-00014184": "that you're going to use are the pomegranate which lowers hp the kelpsie berry which slowers attack", "0EIgRDmESEg-00027-00014240-00014744": "the qualot berry which lowers defense the hondu berry which lowers special attack", "0EIgRDmESEg-00028-00014744-00015304": "the greppa berry which lowers special defense and the tomato berry which lowers speed yes", "0EIgRDmESEg-00029-00015304-00015936": "the tomato berry when a pokemon eats a berry each one it consumes will lower evs by 10 points let's", "0EIgRDmESEg-00030-00015936-00016528": "say your pokemon has 252 eevees in a certain stat and you want to get rid of that for example speed", "0EIgRDmESEg-00031-00016528-00017192": "you would then give your pokemon 26 tomato berries in order to completely reduce that ev back to zero", "0EIgRDmESEg-00032-00017192-00017688": "berries can be found throughout the overload and can be seen on your mini-map you also can", "0EIgRDmESEg-00033-00017688-00018144": "plant one and yield two which essentially means you can multiply the berries if you want to take", "0EIgRDmESEg-00034-00018144-00018616": "out the time to do that you can also purchase these berries from the battle park with bp", "0EIgRDmESEg-00035-00018616-00019176": "each berry costs one battle point so in order to lower a pokemon stat all the way back to zero if", "0EIgRDmESEg-00036-00019176-00019672": "it's maxed out it would cost you 26 battle points now let's talk about the two methods", "0EIgRDmESEg-00037-00019672-00020120": "of eevee training for your pokemon the first way of ev training your pokemon is", "0EIgRDmESEg-00038-00020120-00020576": "with vitamins you will find vitamins scattered throughout your journey in the sinnoh region", "0EIgRDmESEg-00039-00020576-00021072": "but you can actually purchase them with money at the veilstone department store so in order to get", "0EIgRDmESEg-00040-00021072-00021752": "there fly out to veilstone go up this pathway enter into the store go to the second floor", "0EIgRDmESEg-00041-00021752-00022288": "and talk to the lady in the middle you then will be able to see all the vitamins in the game which", "0EIgRDmESEg-00042-00022288-00022904": "are protein iron calcium zinc carbos and hp up now each of these vitamins will increase your", "0EIgRDmESEg-00043-00022904-00023544": "pokemon's ev points by 10 so just like the berries you would need 26 of one of the vitamins in order", "0EIgRDmESEg-00044-00023544-00024048": "to max out a stat completely in order to max out all of your eevees you would have to purchase a", "0EIgRDmESEg-00045-00024048-00024760": "total of 53 vitamins the protein gives you 10 ev's of attack the iron gives you 10 evs of defense the", "0EIgRDmESEg-00046-00024760-00025320": "calcium gives you 10 evs of special attack the zinc gives you 10 evs of special defense", "0EIgRDmESEg-00047-00025320-00025960": "the carbos gives you 10 eb's of speed and the hp up well it's in the name gives you 10 evs of hp", "0EIgRDmESEg-00048-00025960-00026400": "the only problem with this method is that it can start to get really expensive as it'll cost", "0EIgRDmESEg-00049-00026400-00027327": "you 9800 for one vitamin so if you were to use 53 vitamins that would cost you 519 400 just for all", "0EIgRDmESEg-00050-00027327-00027920": "that which is pretty much half a mil at the battle tower you can also buy vitamins it only costs you", "0EIgRDmESEg-00051-00027920-00028608": "one battle point for one vitamin which evenly adds up to 53 vitamins costing you 53 battle points to", "0EIgRDmESEg-00052-00028608-00029208": "fully ev train a pokemon let's talk about method 2 the classic way of doing it since you can't turn", "0EIgRDmESEg-00053-00029208-00029808": "off the exp share in this game this can be used to your advantage to trade multiple pokemon at once", "0EIgRDmESEg-00054-00029808-00030368": "since they get evs when you catch a pokemon or defeat a pokemon every pokemon that you battle", "0EIgRDmESEg-00055-00030368-00030960": "or catch in the wild gives you their own evie point in that specific stat for example badoof", "0EIgRDmESEg-00056-00030960-00031760": "gives one eevee in hp so you would have to battle bidoof 252 times to max out that stat that's a lot", "0EIgRDmESEg-00057-00031760-00032376": "of produce and that's going to take you a very very long time hopefully you'll only be eevee", "0EIgRDmESEg-00058-00032376-00032768": "training your pokemon once you're in the post game and at the battle tower there will be some", "0EIgRDmESEg-00059-00032768-00033288": "really cool items that will come in handy this is where power items come in each power item will", "0EIgRDmESEg-00060-00033288-00033832": "give you plus eight in a specific stat when you are training and battling pokemon here's the list", "0EIgRDmESEg-00061-00033832-00034320": "you have the power bracer which will give you plus eight attack ev points power belt which will give", "0EIgRDmESEg-00062-00034320-00034872": "you plus eight defense ev points the power lens which will give you plus eight special attack", "0EIgRDmESEg-00063-00034872-00035328": "the power band which will give you plus eight evs the power anklet which will give you plus", "0EIgRDmESEg-00064-00035328-00035896": "eight evs in a speed stat and the power weight which will give you plus eight evs in hp now let's", "0EIgRDmESEg-00065-00035896-00036464": "go back to our bedoof encounter because badoof just symbolizes generation four i mentioned that", "0EIgRDmESEg-00066-00036464-00037048": "when you battle badoof you can get one ev point in hp in this example we're gonna give the pokemon a", "0EIgRDmESEg-00067-00037048-00037520": "power item in this case it's gonna be the power weight which will increase the eevee's gain", "0EIgRDmESEg-00068-00037520-00038072": "by plus eight so when you fight a badoof while wearing this power weight you will then earn 9", "0EIgRDmESEg-00069-00038072-00038744": "evs in hp per battle with the badoo that means you don't have to knock out a pokemon 252 times", "0EIgRDmESEg-00070-00038744-00039360": "but now you just have to knock it out 28 times to maximize those evs in that particular stat", "0EIgRDmESEg-00071-00039360-00039936": "but it gets even better if your pokemon has something called pokeris by the way i have", "0EIgRDmESEg-00072-00039936-00040448": "a whole entire video on my channel talking about just the pokeris and how to get it and", "0EIgRDmESEg-00073-00040448-00040952": "our community is also spreading it so make sure to go check out that video to find out how to", "0EIgRDmESEg-00074-00040952-00041560": "do it going back to pokers if your pokemon does have it the eevee stats you receive from battle", "0EIgRDmESEg-00075-00041560-00042128": "are multiplied by two so that means when you battle a badoo plus the power weight plus pokeris", "0EIgRDmESEg-00076-00042128-00042760": "you get 18 evs per battle with a badoo that means you just need to have 14 badoof battles in order", "0EIgRDmESEg-00077-00042760-00043264": "to max out that one stat 14 battles with one pokemon isn't going to take you too long when you", "0EIgRDmESEg-00078-00043264-00043776": "have all those three things when ev training so let's tell you locations where certain pokemon are", "0EIgRDmESEg-00079-00043776-00044448": "that'll give you specific evs in the stats that you want the first one is route 201 you have bidus", "0EIgRDmESEg-00080-00044448-00044936": "that spawn here that give you one hp just like our example and they have a 50 spawn right here", "0EIgRDmESEg-00081-00044936-00045504": "also on route 201 we have starlis who can give one eevee in speed per battle they also have a 50", "0EIgRDmESEg-00082-00045504-00045920": "chance of showing up if you're looking to get your special attack up head to the old", "0EIgRDmESEg-00083-00045920-00046488": "chateau in eterna forest in there you'll find a 100 spawn rate of gas leaves that'll give you one", "0EIgRDmESEg-00084-00046488-00047208": "ev in special attack each if you head to route 214 inside of the maniac tunnel you will find geodude", "0EIgRDmESEg-00085-00047208-00047800": "and hippopotas that will give you plus one defense each they are literally the only two pokemon that", "0EIgRDmESEg-00086-00047800-00048424": "spawn there so that is a great spot to get your one defense route 223 which is the water route", "0EIgRDmESEg-00087-00048424-00048952": "to head to the elite four from sunny shore city you'll find tentacruels there now the cool thing", "0EIgRDmESEg-00088-00048952-00049592": "about finding a bunch of tentacles is that they drop two evs in special defense and they have a 60", "0EIgRDmESEg-00089-00049592-00050272": "chance of spawning on route 210 in the foggy areas when you start walking into the grass", "0EIgRDmESEg-00090-00050272-00050904": "you'll be able to find pokemon such as bearabel machoke and machop bearabel and machoke both", "0EIgRDmESEg-00091-00050904-00051400": "give you two evs in attack and any machops that you encounter will be able to give you", "0EIgRDmESEg-00092-00051400-00052008": "one ev in attack so which method is exactly the best in the game that's totally up to you method", "0EIgRDmESEg-00093-00052008-00052560": "one will cost you resources but will save you a lot of time method two you can save a lot of", "0EIgRDmESEg-00094-00052560-00053016": "resources but you can lose some time when you're going out and trying to find the pokemon in battle", "0EIgRDmESEg-00095-00053016-00053408": "in my opinion if you have the pokeris and the power items while you're ev training it should", "0EIgRDmESEg-00096-00053408-00053920": "be a joke and that would be the best way of doing it so congratulations you guys now know how to", "0EIgRDmESEg-00097-00053920-00054512": "ev train your pokemon all the way up to become completely op and destroy anything you find in", "0EIgRDmESEg-00098-00054512-00054920": "the game if this video was very helpful to you make sure to hit that like button and if you're", "0EIgRDmESEg-00099-00054920-00055312": "new to the channel hit that subscribe button my name is philly beats you and i'm glad to help", "0EIgRDmESEg-00100-00055312-00055679": "you out in your pokemon journey in the cinahl region make sure to check out something else on", "0EIgRDmESEg-00101-00055679-00056040": "the screen here there's a lot of cool guides out here click on click on one of them peace"}}, {"audio_id": "0EJP8AVYWuk", "text": {"0EJP8AVYWuk-00000-00001108-00001324": "Evelyn: Hold still, Dominique!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00001-00001324-00001680": "Dominique: I can't! I can't! You're doing this wrong!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00002-00001700-00002424": "Evelyn: What do you mean I'm doing this wrong? You're being a chicken! Now calm down! Let me fix something.", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00003-00002722-00003066": "You're being stupid, Dominique. You're so scared.", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00004-00003086-00003246": "Scarlet: Que pasa aquí?", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00005-00003626-00003850": "What are you trying to do, Evelyn?", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00006-00004000-00004500": "Oh, uh...Evelyn is trying to fix my bang.", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00007-00004796-00005396": "You are cutting your hair?! You can't cut your hair, Dominique! You need to have nice hair!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00008-00005424-00005752": "I didn't know you could brush your hair, Scarlet.", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00009-00005876-00006052": "I could brush it everyday!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00010-00007584-00007720": "Whoa whoa whoa whoa!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00011-00008108-00008158": "(thud)", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00012-00008358-00008446": "Scarlet: Oh!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00013-00008852-00009552": "I can't believe I have my lucky shot! I almost drop my foods on the floor. And I can't believe I slipped on a banana peel, and then I got dirt on my hair!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00014-00009728-00010428": "I can't believe I dirtying my shoes because of the banana peel! Aye! What do you think you're doing, Dominique?", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00015-00010812-00011084": "I have a messy hair I don't want long bang!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00016-00011084-00011560": "Hailey: Attention, ladies and gentlemen! There will be an egg attack tomorrow!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00017-00011754-00012082": "I don't want the egg attack start tomorrow night!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00018-00013041-00013146": "(toilet flush)", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00019-00013428-00013668": "Ahh! Now time for me to brush my hair!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00020-00014140-00014212": "(humming)", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00021-00014397-00014494": "(phone rings)", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00022-00014768-00015047": "Hola! Esto es Scarlet! What can I help you?", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00023-00015468-00016168": "Olivia: This is Olivia, Scarlet! I need your help there's gonna be an egg attack starting tomorrow at 7:00 PM! I need your help to beat the enemies!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00024-00016326-00016710": "What? Why? I have beautiful hair I don't want to mess it up!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00025-00016806-00017254": "Olivia: Trust me, Scarlet! You need to fight the enemies right now!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00026-00017510-00017630": "(sighs) Alright.", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00027-00018164-00018260": "(alarm beeps)", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00028-00018704-00019096": "Well, today is the day! Time for me to get my beautiful hair!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00029-00019156-00019228": "(showers)", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00030-00020428-00020708": "Gotta get this belt fixed. That's better!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00031-00020930-00021306": "I've gotta get this hair brushed until I'll get set to go!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00032-00029710-00029760": "Okay.", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00033-00030722-00031422": "What was I thinking? Evelyn not suppose to do that! Dominique gets mad at this! I really don't like it when that happen?", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00034-00032433-00032882": "Wait a minute! If there's an egg attack, maybe they started at 7:00!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00035-00033244-00033540": "Please, Hailey! Stop! Stop! Leave us alone!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00036-00033806-00034222": "Be quiet, silly girls! Hold still! I'm gonna mess up your hair!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00037-00034284-00034524": "Scarlet: Leave them alone, Hailey!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00038-00034748-00035076": "Oh! It's you, Scarlet. You have something to say?", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00039-00035296-00035712": "Before you throw eggs on someone, I have to tell you something.", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00040-00035858-00036498": "You don't have to mess people's hair. But I just slipped on a banana peel and I have dirt on my hair.", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00041-00036500-00037792": "Let me tell you something, Hailey. This morning, Evelyn tries to cut Dominique's hair. She did that by purpose. She is such a jerk of it.", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00042-00037900-00038494": "Oh! I'm sorry, Scarlet. I won't do it again. I'll promise. See ya', buddy!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00043-00038722-00038986": "You did it, Scarlet! I'm so proud of you!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00044-00039000-00039514": "Yeah, thanks! But I really have to go. I did something bad.", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00045-00039670-00039974": "-Wait! Where are you going?-Yeah! Come back!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00046-00041060-00041156": "(phone rings)", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00047-00041400-00041550": "Hi!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00048-00041600-00042000": "Scarlet? What's wrong? You look sad!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00049-00042100-00043400": "Yeah. I look sad. But I did something wrong! I just told Hailey not to throw eggs on people's faces. And then, she won't be doing it again; she is turning to a new leaf!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00050-00043694-00043838": "I'm just such a shame!", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00051-00043838-00044142": "Are you going to apologize to Evelyn what she done for you?", "0EJP8AVYWuk-00053-00044282-00044400": "Yes. I will. I'll see you tomorrow."}}, {"audio_id": "0EQP4Ed5HIA", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "0ET9Nzm-aW0", "text": {"0ET9Nzm-aW0-00000-00000006-00000564": "This area submerged in water is so vast that even the imagination of which is beyond our", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00001-00000564-00001194": "comprehension, only then the theory of Bermuda Triangle comes to the fore, and sometimes it takes", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00002-00001194-00002088": "us years to find a lost aircraft like MH 370. One such story is also of Titanic. Even after", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00003-00002088-00002664": "73 years of its sinking, it is not known where it is finally submerged in the depths of the ocean", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00004-00002664-00003432": "and today even after 35 years of its discovery, it has not been removed from the sea. Today we will", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00005-00003432-00004014": "not talk about the accident shown in the film, but today we will definitely raise the question", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00006-00004014-00004794": "raised after that accident. Hello and welcome to this new episode of mr.factsy. We know about the", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00007-00004794-00005484": "accident that happened with the Royal Mail steamer Titanic, which was once called Unsinkable ship,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00008-00005484-00006000": "and this base is also a movie and if you have not seen this Oscar winner movie,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00009-00006000-00006773": "then definitely watch it. After the Titanic sank in the sea in 1911, many attempts were", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00010-00006773-00007518": "made to find it, but these missions failed one after the other, similarly 73 years passed but", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00011-00007518-00008424": "one day suddenly it was found. In the year 1885, famous ocenographer and archaeologist and US Navy", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00012-00008424-00009312": "officer Robert Ballard finally found Titanic. This debris of Titanic was found 400 miles southeast of", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00013-00009312-00010044": "Newfoundland. This discovery of Titanic raised many new questions by taking it out of the womb", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00014-00010044-00010806": "of history. This ship, broken in two parts, was found in the depth of 12500 feet of the sea. But", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00015-00010806-00011544": "The official report says that when this ship sank it was intec but why did this ship break in two", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00016-00011544-00012180": "parts in the sea? According to Titanic The New Evidence Documentary, Titanic was not submerged", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00017-00012180-00013038": "by icebuge but by fire in the ship. Friends, when Titanic was found, things like metal, porcelain,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00018-00013038-00013824": "gems and red wine on the ship were taken out from its wreck, but the Titanic ship was not taken out.", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00019-00013884-00014562": "His wreck has not been fully recovered till date. But friends, the secrets of Titanic would also", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00020-00014562-00015216": "be revealed if Titanic could get out, and if research was done on it. If this had happened,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00021-00015216-00015990": "then we would have got a lot of information about Titanic and its accident. But the friend Titanic", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00022-00015990-00016656": "was not removed and the mystery of the biggest mystery accident of this century remains a mystery", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00023-00016656-00017310": "even today. After all, why even after all the efforts and technology, Titanic could not be", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00024-00017310-00018006": "pulled out of the water even today. Why could the Titanic not be pulled out intentionally and why is", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00025-00018006-00018792": "it still buried in the depths of the ocean? When we studied, we came to know that it was not that", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00026-00018792-00019584": "the Titanic was not tried to be taken out. When it was discovered in 1975, its condition was not like", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00027-00019584-00020334": "a ship, now Titanic can see this old picture. It was a wreck in the name of the ship. According to", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00028-00020334-00021102": "experts, this ship had hit the icebug on the sea floor with a forceful force whose feel was felt", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00029-00021102-00021726": "by the people there. So it was not possible to pull it out by direct wire or take it out", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00030-00021726-00022422": "in the traditional way. It was like taking out the biscuits kept in the coffee for a long time.", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00031-00022482-00023046": "In such a situation, the first suggestion came that Titanic should be taken out with the help", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00032-00023046-00023682": "of Submarine and Magnet, but there were some problems in front of this project, which was", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00033-00023682-00024396": "the main Titanic's weight, Titanic's weight was 143 million tons and water pressure would have", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00034-00024396-00025140": "increased its weight manifold. Is. Titanic was present at a depth of 12500 feet. At such a depth,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00035-00025140-00025932": "the water pressure is so much that a force of about 120 miles is required to take out only 1", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00036-00025932-00026544": "centimeter squre piece. Then there were neither such powerful magnets nor submarines that could", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00037-00026544-00027162": "pull so much weight. Even at the beginning of the 21st century, scientists did not have", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00038-00027162-00027852": "any concrete plans to take out Titanic, but for this some people were thinking of its unusewal", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00039-00027852-00028554": "ways. . And there some people gave weird ideas like getting out of the balloon too. The plane", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00040-00028554-00029262": "was that the hydrogen-filled balloon would be tied to the Titanic, he would automatically pull", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00041-00029262-00030036": "it up means they wanted to use this bloon as a hot air balloon, but it was easy to talk only. Just", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00042-00030036-00030780": "like giving upside-down suggestions, but when it comes to reality, we have to face many questions.", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00043-00030780-00031476": "No one had the answer to how to pump those bloons underwating and the matter got stuck again that", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00044-00031476-00032208": "the question is many but no one had the answer. An idea also came in these air that the density", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00045-00032208-00032778": "of ice is less than the density of water. This is the reason why the ice floats in the cocktail,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00046-00032778-00033468": "so one holaz contractor Arthur Hickey suggested converting the Titanic and the water", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00047-00033468-00034116": "inside it into icebergs. Due to which it becomes lighter than water and comes to the surface,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00048-00034116-00034788": "after which it will be easy to carry it to the shore. A similar idea was also given by American", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00049-00034788-00035466": "engineer John Plerce, for this he suggested using liquid nitrogen. The idea was good but according", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00050-00035466-00036198": "to the estimates of UK's Gas Industry Company and BOC Group, about 1 million ton pound of nitrogen", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00051-00036198-00036936": "was required for this project and the question was also how to carry liquid nitrogen to such a depth", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00052-00036936-00037806": "After these questions without arms, legs, head, a Soviet submarine engineer Mikhail Rudnitsky gave", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00053-00037806-00038496": "an effective idea to take out the Titanic, Mikhail was known for designing the best submarines. Many", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00054-00038496-00039120": "of his submarines had also participated in the World War, Mikhail presented his project after", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00055-00039120-00039654": "deep calculation to take out the Titanic. He said that in order to take out the Titanic,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00056-00039654-00040224": "first of all its dirt would have to be cleaned because due to it being in the water for years,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00057-00040224-00040860": "a lot of selt has accumulated on it. Which is very important to clean, for these power full", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00058-00040860-00041388": "automatic insulater was needed which would clean the ship. After cleaning the ship,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00059-00041388-00042114": "Titanic will be attached to a ponton boat with heavy duty cable and all this will be done by", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00060-00042114-00042792": "the machine itself. After this the next step was to arrange such a submarine whose tank could be", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00061-00042792-00043470": "filled with gas and it would also be safe. In this way a huge amount of electricity was required for", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00062-00043470-00044118": "the operation. According to mikhail, about 200 MegaWatt will be required in this project. That", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00063-00044118-00044670": "project would also require a full flash plant. Such a power plant can be built on the surface", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00064-00044670-00045318": "of the water, but it will not make sense in the future Although a floating power plant", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00065-00045318-00046014": "in itself would have been an unbelievable idea, the cable going to such a depth could break at", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00066-00046014-00046698": "any time due to high pressure as it had to be 12000ft. under water. Therefore the engineer", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00067-00046698-00047364": "suggested that a nuclear power plant should be installed in the submarine itself. There were", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00068-00047364-00048048": "many arguments on this but nothing was finalized. In this way, the mission was put on hold till the", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00069-00048048-00048678": "Advance Equipment and Proper Budget was not made to complete it. Many proposals were made", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00070-00048678-00049338": "to recover Titanic. But sometimes due to lack of budget, sometimes due to technical challenge, no", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00071-00049338-00050034": "plan was successful. Friends, any company puts in such a big project only then it has some benefit,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00072-00050034-00050592": "before how to take out the Titanic, there was a need to answer the question why it should", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00073-00050592-00051228": "be taken out because whatever valuables were in the Titanic, it was taken out. You suppose that", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00074-00051228-00051894": "if someone took it out of the water by investing crores of rupees, will he be able to recover the", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00075-00051894-00052632": "money he invested? And the Titanic is taken out and a museum is made even then it will take many", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00076-00052632-00053244": "years to make the return of investment. Although there are many emotions associated with this ship,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00077-00053244-00053760": "but in such a situation no one would like to take such a big risk. Friends,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00078-00053760-00054474": "it has been more than 100 years since Titanic sank and in so many years the bacteria present", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00079-00054474-00055236": "in the sea are slowly eating it. It is also being estimated that these Hungarian bacteria", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00080-00055236-00055998": "will completely disappear this sheep by the year 2030, not only this, many marine creatures", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00081-00055998-00056754": "have made their nest in it. UNESCO declared this sheep as a protected site of Underwater Culture", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00082-00056754-00057372": "Heritage in the year 2001. Talking about the present, the situation of Titanic has become", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00083-00057372-00058104": "such that a new ship can be bought for as much as it will cost to take it out. Therefore, friends,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00084-00058104-00058794": "the conclusion of all these things is that Titanic could not be pulled out till now and may never", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00085-00058794-00059508": "be taken out. Because point number 1 Titanic is in such a bad state that if you drop it at all,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00086-00059508-00060264": "it will shatter like dust. Number two, due to this ship being very deep, it can be quite risky", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00087-00060264-00061055": "to go and work there. No. 3 What will we do by taking it out? So it can be said that Titanic", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00088-00061055-00061596": "can never be recovered. It has been more than 30 years after the discovery of its debris,", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00089-00061596-00062328": "even then scientists think that the remains of Titanic will not have much time left, but it is", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00090-00062328-00063048": "also true that even if such water disappears and Even though its name may not be a trace, yet the", "0ET9Nzm-aW0-00091-00063048-00063672": "story of Titanic and its mystery will attract the attention of many generations to come."}}, {"audio_id": "0F2jdODNpno", "text": {"0F2jdODNpno-00000-00000836-00000994": "CHAIRMAN KAYE: Good morning.", "0F2jdODNpno-00001-00000994-00001486": "Welcome to this Public Meeting of the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission.", "0F2jdODNpno-00002-00001486-00001780": "We have one item on the Agenda today.", "0F2jdODNpno-00003-00001780-00002529": "We are having a Public Hearing on a Petition submitted asking the Commission to act", "0F2jdODNpno-00004-00002529-00002985": "on a class of flame retardants known as organohalogens.", "0F2jdODNpno-00005-00002985-00003354": "I'm going to start with a series of three apologies.", "0F2jdODNpno-00006-00003354-00003663": "First, our regular hearing room is under renovation.", "0F2jdODNpno-00007-00003663-00003983": "This is not our regular hearing room, if anyone thought it was.", "0F2jdODNpno-00008-00003983-00004567": "So we're making the best of it and we are appreciative of everyone accommodating as best", "0F2jdODNpno-00009-00004567-00005074": "as they can the differences of how we have to do things today, both in this room and getting back", "0F2jdODNpno-00010-00005074-00005581": "and forth from this room and as the logistical questions arise, if you have any questions,", "0F2jdODNpno-00011-00005581-00005943": "Patricia Adkins, I believe, is -- she's in the back of the room, if you turn around,", "0F2jdODNpno-00012-00005943-00006106": "and she's going to pick up her hand.", "0F2jdODNpno-00013-00006106-00006450": "That's Patricia, if you have any logistical questions.", "0F2jdODNpno-00014-00006450-00006970": "Second apology is that everybody's testimony matters, whether they're in person", "0F2jdODNpno-00015-00006970-00007339": "or on the phone, and we've an incredibly tight schedule and so we're going", "0F2jdODNpno-00016-00007339-00007734": "to be pretty vigilant about the time and we're going to ask folks --", "0F2jdODNpno-00017-00007734-00008044": "one, we're going to apologize upfront about having to cut people off if they go", "0F2jdODNpno-00018-00008044-00008293": "over their time and we're going to hold ourselves accountable", "0F2jdODNpno-00019-00008293-00008554": "to that same time, but it's really important.", "0F2jdODNpno-00020-00008554-00008845": "When we've had these in the past, we know it can be frustrating", "0F2jdODNpno-00021-00008845-00009286": "for people whose testimony is toward the end, people have flights and other arrangements", "0F2jdODNpno-00022-00009286-00009578": "that they're trying to make, and we want to stick to that schedule", "0F2jdODNpno-00023-00009578-00009953": "because it matters whether they're going early, middle, or end.", "0F2jdODNpno-00024-00009953-00010326": "The third apology is that at some point today, I'm going to have to turn this", "0F2jdODNpno-00025-00010326-00010739": "over to Vice Chairman Adler to my left.", "0F2jdODNpno-00026-00010739-00011391": "Unfortunately, I had a knee issue arise that requires more medical attention later today", "0F2jdODNpno-00027-00011391-00011594": "and so I can't be here for the whole hearing.", "0F2jdODNpno-00028-00011594-00011894": "I will watch online as much as I can when I'm not in the room", "0F2jdODNpno-00029-00011894-00012208": "and I'll certainly make sure to watch the recorded version.", "0F2jdODNpno-00030-00012208-00012523": "This is a really important issue for all of us.", "0F2jdODNpno-00031-00012523-00013062": "I've spent a lot of time since I've been in this position trying to attempt to begin", "0F2jdODNpno-00032-00013062-00013427": "to crack the nut of chemical exposure to children.", "0F2jdODNpno-00033-00013427-00013732": "It's a frustrating -- and I'm not speaking for my colleagues.", "0F2jdODNpno-00034-00013732-00014049": "They'll be speaking for themselves quite eloquently.", "0F2jdODNpno-00035-00014049-00014646": "As a parent in particular, it's a very frustrating public policy posture for me", "0F2jdODNpno-00036-00014646-00015027": "that we have to wait to find out that our children might have been exposed", "0F2jdODNpno-00037-00015027-00015647": "to a very harmful chemical and those changes might be reparable for us to act,", "0F2jdODNpno-00038-00015647-00016306": "us meaning the U.S. Government, or even industry to act to try to take that chemical out of play", "0F2jdODNpno-00039-00016306-00016879": "and then even when -- the way the process works is even when that chemical is taken out of play,", "0F2jdODNpno-00040-00016879-00017126": "we often don't know what's coming in behind it.", "0F2jdODNpno-00041-00017126-00017529": "The term \"regrettable substitution\" will come up often today, I'm sure.", "0F2jdODNpno-00042-00017529-00017897": "I think there's a better public policy route to be taking so that we are figuring", "0F2jdODNpno-00043-00017897-00018472": "out alternatives that actually work and not continuing to whack-a-mole,", "0F2jdODNpno-00044-00018472-00019023": "get rid of a chemical that doesn't work and wait to see in 20 years whether the next generation", "0F2jdODNpno-00045-00019023-00019386": "of children has been exposed, and it's not only flame retardants.", "0F2jdODNpno-00046-00019386-00019690": "There's many other chemicals, many other products,", "0F2jdODNpno-00047-00019690-00019951": "areas beyond our jurisdiction of routes of exposure.", "0F2jdODNpno-00048-00019951-00020579": "We're not only talking about CPSC-related items but there has to be a better way and for me,", "0F2jdODNpno-00049-00020579-00021235": "sitting in this seat as a public policy-maker, all I want to know is does the action", "0F2jdODNpno-00050-00021235-00021673": "that we take make a difference for safety for children?", "0F2jdODNpno-00051-00021673-00022237": "And for those who I will be asking questions of, if we take the action requested", "0F2jdODNpno-00052-00022237-00022751": "or take a different action requested or don't take this action, how will we, the five of us,", "0F2jdODNpno-00053-00022751-00023584": "know that the choices we make will definitively make consumers, especially children, safer?", "0F2jdODNpno-00054-00023584-00023771": "That is my primary motivation.", "0F2jdODNpno-00055-00023771-00024163": "We want to make sure that whatever we do is actually going to help.", "0F2jdODNpno-00056-00024163-00024539": "And this, unlike taking out something like lead in children's products,", "0F2jdODNpno-00057-00024539-00024820": "this is a much more complicated public policy area", "0F2jdODNpno-00058-00024820-00025095": "because there are two potential hazards at play.", "0F2jdODNpno-00059-00025095-00025445": "There's the acute fire hazard, which obviously needs to be addressed,", "0F2jdODNpno-00060-00025445-00025752": "whether that's through some type of chemical or not, and I'll leave that up to others", "0F2jdODNpno-00061-00025752-00026095": "to decide, but the fire hazard is real.", "0F2jdODNpno-00062-00026095-00026295": "We recognize that.", "0F2jdODNpno-00063-00026295-00026838": "But then so is the potential chronic hazard of exposure and so whatever we do,", "0F2jdODNpno-00064-00026838-00027452": "we have to make sure that we're not potentially exposing people to more fires if we are going", "0F2jdODNpno-00065-00027452-00027980": "to act on chemicals and, conversely, that we're not choosing to deal with just the fire hazard", "0F2jdODNpno-00066-00027980-00028275": "without dealing with the chemical exposure hazard.", "0F2jdODNpno-00067-00028275-00028756": "So thank you, everybody, for coming today who appear on the phone.", "0F2jdODNpno-00068-00028756-00029067": "We probably, as I mentioned, will not be able to get to everyone's questions.", "0F2jdODNpno-00069-00029067-00029354": "I'd like to leave it up to the Commission to decide how long", "0F2jdODNpno-00070-00029354-00029930": "to leave the record open afterward and to figure out some mechanism by which we can -- okay.", "0F2jdODNpno-00071-00029930-00030442": "There's fewer than three people on the phone right now.", "0F2jdODNpno-00072-00030442-00030827": "Do I need to press this?", "0F2jdODNpno-00073-00030827-00031283": "Sorry. I have to press Star 1.", "0F2jdODNpno-00074-00031283-00031930": "Okay. We're hoping that worked.", "0F2jdODNpno-00075-00031930-00032276": "So we will try to figure out some mechanism to have questions for the record to make it as easy", "0F2jdODNpno-00076-00032276-00032814": "as possible for the Commission to ask follow-up questions and to have those entered", "0F2jdODNpno-00077-00032814-00033323": "into the record after the hearing is over and be included in any rulemaking that may occur.", "0F2jdODNpno-00078-00033323-00033570": "So with that, we're going to turn to our first panel.", "0F2jdODNpno-00079-00033570-00034016": "We are quite honored to have with us Dr. Linda Birnbaum is the Director", "0F2jdODNpno-00080-00034016-00034436": "of the National Institutes for Environmental Health Sciences, part of the National Institutes", "0F2jdODNpno-00081-00034436-00034993": "of Health, and unlike me being in this position, not only is Dr. Birnbaum the head", "0F2jdODNpno-00082-00034993-00035255": "of the agency, she's also an expert.", "0F2jdODNpno-00083-00035255-00035777": "She has spent decades studying these chemicals, flame retardants in particular,", "0F2jdODNpno-00084-00035777-00036323": "and so we are quite -- it's quite a privilege for us to have her testifying and so with that,", "0F2jdODNpno-00085-00036323-00036584": "Dr. Birnbaum, if you can please begin your testimony.", "0F2jdODNpno-00086-00036584-00036886": "PANEL 1 DR. BIRNBAUM: Good morning, Commissioners.", "0F2jdODNpno-00087-00036886-00037432": "I'm Linda Birnbaum, the Director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences,", "0F2jdODNpno-00088-00037432-00037819": "one of the 27 institutes and centers of the National Institutes of Health,", "0F2jdODNpno-00089-00037819-00038758": "and I'm also Director of the National Toxicology Program, which involves FDA, CDC, and NIH.", "0F2jdODNpno-00090-00038758-00039003": "I'm also a Principal Investigator", "0F2jdODNpno-00091-00039003-00039388": "of the National Cancer Institute Intramural Research Program.", "0F2jdODNpno-00092-00039388-00039812": "For the last 14 years or more, my research has focused", "0F2jdODNpno-00093-00039812-00040214": "on understanding the environmental health effects of flame retardants", "0F2jdODNpno-00094-00040214-00040591": "and I am considered a subject matter expert in this area.", "0F2jdODNpno-00095-00040591-00041156": "I would like to just say that I am accompanied by Dr. Chris Weiss, who is my chief toxicologist", "0F2jdODNpno-00096-00041156-00041638": "in my Bethesda office, and also an expert in flame retardants.", "0F2jdODNpno-00097-00041638-00041973": "I'm honored to be invited to testify at today's hearing", "0F2jdODNpno-00098-00041973-00042397": "by the Consumer Product Safety Commission Chairman Elliott Kaye.", "0F2jdODNpno-00099-00042397-00042836": "Synthetic polymers, things like plastics and foams, are generally considered", "0F2jdODNpno-00100-00042836-00043272": "to be more flammable than natural substances, things like cellulose.", "0F2jdODNpno-00101-00043272-00043692": "Consequently, flame retardants have been added to many modern consumer products", "0F2jdODNpno-00102-00043692-00044241": "and building materials for the purpose of reducing the risk and hazard of fire.", "0F2jdODNpno-00103-00044241-00044716": "Flame retardants containing bromine and/or chlorine have often been preferred", "0F2jdODNpno-00104-00044716-00045206": "for specific applications due to their efficiency and thermal stability.", "0F2jdODNpno-00105-00045206-00045816": "Halogens, particularly bromine, interfere with fire chemistry by forming radical species", "0F2jdODNpno-00106-00045816-00046222": "that compete with propagation of the combustion cycle.", "0F2jdODNpno-00107-00046222-00046946": "As a consequence of use, many halogenated flame retardants are now found in the environment", "0F2jdODNpno-00108-00046946-00047400": "and have been detected in wildlife and humans.", "0F2jdODNpno-00109-00047400-00048010": "They have the ability to accumulate in biological fluids and tissues and toxicological", "0F2jdODNpno-00110-00048010-00048606": "and epidemiological evaluations indicate that they are human toxicants.", "0F2jdODNpno-00111-00048606-00049169": "Included among the flame retardants that may be human toxicants are the polybrominated di-phenyl", "0F2jdODNpno-00112-00049169-00049414": "ethers or PBDEs.", "0F2jdODNpno-00113-00049414-00050092": "As a flame retardant, PBDEs are mixed into products without being chemically bonded", "0F2jdODNpno-00114-00050092-00050388": "or reacted to the matrix of the products.", "0F2jdODNpno-00115-00050388-00050801": "Such additive flame retardants have much greater potential to leach", "0F2jdODNpno-00116-00050801-00051169": "into the environment than reactive flame retardants.", "0F2jdODNpno-00117-00051169-00051429": "Once in the environment, they are more likely", "0F2jdODNpno-00118-00051429-00051862": "to present exposure concerns for humans and wildlife.", "0F2jdODNpno-00119-00051862-00052384": "PBDEs are present in household and office dust, are absorbed following exposure", "0F2jdODNpno-00120-00052384-00052658": "and accumulate in human fluids and tissues.", "0F2jdODNpno-00121-00052658-00053104": "Toxicity in rodent models include effects on endocrine disruption,", "0F2jdODNpno-00122-00053104-00053809": "such as thyroid hormone homeostasis, modulation of estrogen and androgen signaling,", "0F2jdODNpno-00123-00053809-00054539": "effects on obesity and diabetes, altered fertility, and neurotoxicity.", "0F2jdODNpno-00124-00054539-00055210": "Epidemiology studies have documented many of these same effects in humans.", "0F2jdODNpno-00125-00055210-00055765": "Fetuses, nursing infants, and young children may be at highest risk due", "0F2jdODNpno-00126-00055765-00055949": "to critical developmental windows", "0F2jdODNpno-00127-00055949-00056547": "of susceptibility and/or the potential for greater exposures.", "0F2jdODNpno-00128-00056547-00056934": "Now there are 209 possible congeners of PBDEs", "0F2jdODNpno-00129-00056934-00057287": "and three different molecular weight formulations have been used", "0F2jdODNpno-00130-00057287-00057571": "as commercial flame retardant products.", "0F2jdODNpno-00131-00057571-00058278": "Two of the commercial mixtures have been shown to be carcinogenic in both rats and mice.", "0F2jdODNpno-00132-00058278-00058802": "The extent of absorption, the internal dose, and the toxicity are largely determined", "0F2jdODNpno-00133-00058802-00059337": "by congener differences in bromine number and substitution patterns.", "0F2jdODNpno-00134-00059337-00059675": "Congeners of the lowest molecular weight mixture used largely", "0F2jdODNpno-00135-00059675-00060321": "in polyurethane foam are readily absorbed and are prevalent in human tissue and fluids.", "0F2jdODNpno-00136-00060321-00060912": "The major congener of the highest molecular weight mixture used primarily in heavy textiles", "0F2jdODNpno-00137-00060912-00061412": "and heavy plastic casings for electronic equipment is poorly absorbed", "0F2jdODNpno-00138-00061412-00061679": "but persists in the environment.", "0F2jdODNpno-00139-00061679-00062341": "Concern over persistence and toxicity has led to removal of all PBDE commercial formulations", "0F2jdODNpno-00140-00062341-00062979": "from production in the U.S. and bans in Canada, Europe, and Japan.", "0F2jdODNpno-00141-00062979-00063341": "The lower molecular weight PBDEs have been listed for elimination", "0F2jdODNpno-00142-00063341-00063701": "under the Stockholm Convention of Persistent Organic Pollutants", "0F2jdODNpno-00143-00063701-00064120": "and DECA BDE is currently proposed for listing, as well.", "0F2jdODNpno-00144-00064120-00064601": "Another high-volume brominated flame retardant also listed for elimination", "0F2jdODNpno-00145-00064601-00065208": "under this international treaty is Hexabromocyclododecane or HBCD.", "0F2jdODNpno-00146-00065208-00065737": "HBCD is also a persistent and additive flame retardant and is found", "0F2jdODNpno-00147-00065737-00066171": "in the environment, in wildlife, and in people.", "0F2jdODNpno-00148-00066171-00066618": "Mechanistic and animal studies have indicated it is an endocrine disruptor.", "0F2jdODNpno-00149-00066618-00067232": "It is toxic to the liver and causes adverse neuro-developmental effects.", "0F2jdODNpno-00150-00067232-00067923": "Tetrabrombisphenol-A or TBBPA is an example of a halogenated flame retardant", "0F2jdODNpno-00151-00067923-00068510": "with a biological fate that is different from that of HBCD and PBDEs.", "0F2jdODNpno-00152-00068510-00069149": "TBBPA is a reactive high-production volume chemical bonded to resins of circuit boards.", "0F2jdODNpno-00153-00069149-00069575": "An advantage of this reactive application is that there's low potential", "0F2jdODNpno-00154-00069575-00069980": "for TBBPA to leach into the environment.", "0F2jdODNpno-00155-00069980-00070685": "Although readily absorbed following exposure, TBBPA is rapidly conjugated and excreted,", "0F2jdODNpno-00156-00070685-00071318": "resulting in low bioavailability and little potential to accumulate in tissues.", "0F2jdODNpno-00157-00071318-00071997": "However, recently, the use of TBBPA in an additive mode has increased.", "0F2jdODNpno-00158-00071997-00072448": "Current research is assessing where there may be adverse effects due to greater levels", "0F2jdODNpno-00159-00072448-00072760": "of exposure for both humans and wildlife.", "0F2jdODNpno-00160-00072760-00073592": "Continuous exposures and epidemiological studies detecting TBBPA in human serum and breast milk", "0F2jdODNpno-00161-00073592-00073899": "in the United States, Europe, and Asia, have been conducted.", "0F2jdODNpno-00162-00073899-00074215": "CHAIRMAN KAYE: Dr. Birnbaum, I'm just going to let you know that we've moved into my time", "0F2jdODNpno-00163-00074215-00074547": "for questioning but I'm going to yield that time, if you'd please continue testifying.", "0F2jdODNpno-00164-00074547-00074894": "DR. BIRNBAUM: Thank you, Commissioner.", "0F2jdODNpno-00165-00074894-00075467": "Okay. So thus far, animal studies have shown it to be a carcinogen in rats and mice", "0F2jdODNpno-00166-00075467-00075683": "and to cause endocrine disruption.", "0F2jdODNpno-00167-00075683-00076101": "Studies are underway to assess the potential for TBBPA", "0F2jdODNpno-00168-00076101-00076547": "to cause developmental effects in rats at low doses.", "0F2jdODNpno-00169-00076547-00077091": "This work will lead to a better understanding of the health risks of TBBPA to humans.", "0F2jdODNpno-00170-00077091-00077494": "Some brominated and chlorinated organophosphate flame retardants have been known", "0F2jdODNpno-00171-00077494-00077807": "for over 30 years to be animal carcinogens.", "0F2jdODNpno-00172-00077807-00078348": "Recent studies have shown that some of these are also developmental neurotoxicants.", "0F2jdODNpno-00173-00078348-00079146": "Alternate halogenated flame retardants include a TBBPA derivative, TBBPA-DBPE,", "0F2jdODNpno-00174-00079146-00080062": "Tetrabromobenzoate, TBB, Tetrabromophthalate, TBPH, and Decabromodiphenyl ethane or DBDPE.", "0F2jdODNpno-00175-00080062-00080674": "TBB and TBPH are often used in a commercial mixture, Firemaster 550,", "0F2jdODNpno-00176-00080674-00080958": "which is used as an additive flame retardant.", "0F2jdODNpno-00177-00080958-00081445": "A small study in animals has demonstrated endocrine disruption and neural behavior impacts", "0F2jdODNpno-00178-00081445-00081812": "of developmental exposure to Firemaster 550.", "0F2jdODNpno-00179-00081812-00082251": "Both TBB and TBPH have been found in house dust and a metabolite", "0F2jdODNpno-00180-00082251-00082603": "of TBB has been found in human urine.", "0F2jdODNpno-00181-00082603-00083327": "TBBPA-DBPE, TBPH, and DBDPE, which are environmentally persistent and found", "0F2jdODNpno-00182-00083327-00083979": "in wildlife, are poorly absorbed and persistent, whereas TBB is well absorbed,", "0F2jdODNpno-00183-00083979-00084261": "rapidly metabolized and eliminated.", "0F2jdODNpno-00184-00084261-00084733": "Toxicological studies are underway to characterize the risk of exposure for these", "0F2jdODNpno-00185-00084733-00085016": "and other novel halogenated flame retardants.", "0F2jdODNpno-00186-00085016-00085502": "In conclusion, the halogenated flame retardants for which there's data have been shown", "0F2jdODNpno-00187-00085502-00086014": "to be environmentally and/or biologically persistent and toxic in animals.", "0F2jdODNpno-00188-00086014-00086407": "Many have also been shown to have impacts on human populations.", "0F2jdODNpno-00189-00086407-00086911": "When used in an additive mode over time, they leach into the environment", "0F2jdODNpno-00190-00086911-00087217": "and they have been detected in people.", "0F2jdODNpno-00191-00087217-00087639": "Use in a reactive mode or in polymers reduces the opportunity", "0F2jdODNpno-00192-00087639-00087988": "for exposure and hence reduces risk.", "0F2jdODNpno-00193-00087988-00088326": "Thank you for the opportunity to comment and I'm happy to answer questions.", "0F2jdODNpno-00194-00088326-00088550": "PANEL 1 QUESTIONS CHAIRMAN KAYE: Thank you, Dr. Birnbaum.", "0F2jdODNpno-00195-00088550-00088776": "Reclaiming my time, and, Mr. Stevenson, how much time?", "0F2jdODNpno-00196-00088776-00088842": "I have three minutes?", "0F2jdODNpno-00197-00088842-00088910": "Great. Thank you.", "0F2jdODNpno-00198-00088910-00088994": "I'll try to be very quick.", "0F2jdODNpno-00199-00088994-00089407": "So I'm going to ask two questions and I'm going to ask them together so that you can", "0F2jdODNpno-00200-00089407-00089597": "at least have the benefit of knowing what they are", "0F2jdODNpno-00201-00089597-00089873": "and then you can answer them with the remaining time, please.", "0F2jdODNpno-00202-00089873-00090528": "The first one is the high throughput screening that you all are doing as part of Tox-21,", "0F2jdODNpno-00203-00090528-00090816": "has that included the organohalogen flame retardants?", "0F2jdODNpno-00204-00090816-00091548": "DR. BIRNBAUM: Yes, some of the Tox-21 efforts have looked at a number of the PBDEs, of TBBPA,", "0F2jdODNpno-00205-00091548-00091988": "of HPCD, and some of the others, as well.", "0F2jdODNpno-00206-00091988-00092339": "In addition, some of the halogenated organophosphates have also been looked", "0F2jdODNpno-00207-00092339-00092559": "at in the rapid high throughput screening.", "0F2jdODNpno-00208-00092559-00092657": "CHAIRMAN KAYE: And what has that shown so far?", "0F2jdODNpno-00209-00092657-00092992": "DR. BIRNBAUM: They have shown that they have high levels of biological activity.", "0F2jdODNpno-00210-00092992-00093187": "CHAIRMAN KAYE: And is that data publicly available?", "0F2jdODNpno-00211-00093187-00093330": "DR. BIRNBAUM: That data is available.", "0F2jdODNpno-00212-00093330-00093372": "CHAIRMAN KAYE: Okay.", "0F2jdODNpno-00213-00093372-00093397": "Thank you.", "0F2jdODNpno-00214-00093397-00093791": "And the second question is to my earlier public policy point.", "0F2jdODNpno-00215-00093791-00094251": "If the Commission goes ahead and acts as the Petitioners request or acts in some way,", "0F2jdODNpno-00216-00094251-00094555": "how will we know that we're actually making people safer?", "0F2jdODNpno-00217-00094555-00095056": "DR. BIRNBAUM: I think one of the questions that always needs to be asked", "0F2jdODNpno-00218-00095056-00095554": "when you use chemicals is do we need them?", "0F2jdODNpno-00219-00095554-00095817": "Are they really providing a safety benefit?", "0F2jdODNpno-00220-00095817-00096170": "I think that's the question that needs to be asked specifically with the use", "0F2jdODNpno-00221-00096170-00096387": "of many of these flame retardants.", "0F2jdODNpno-00222-00096387-00096950": "The data is not strong, which indicate that they actually provide fire safety", "0F2jdODNpno-00223-00096950-00097368": "at the concentrations with which they have been used in the products.", "0F2jdODNpno-00224-00097368-00098094": "So I think that removing some of the chemicals from use, which has already been done", "0F2jdODNpno-00225-00098094-00098662": "with the PBDEs, although we have a tremendous legacy, people would talk about toxic couches", "0F2jdODNpno-00226-00098662-00099151": "and carpet padding and so on, what do we do with that, but removing other chemicals,", "0F2jdODNpno-00227-00099151-00099591": "unless we really have strong evidence that they provide fire safety,", "0F2jdODNpno-00228-00099591-00099804": "there really may not be a need for them.", "0F2jdODNpno-00229-00099804-00099994": "CHAIRMAN KAYE: Great.", "0F2jdODNpno-00230-00099994-00100084": "Thank you very much.", "0F2jdODNpno-00231-00100084-00100261": "With my time expiring, Commissioner Adler?", "0F2jdODNpno-00232-00100261-00100598": "COMMISSIONER ROBINSON: Thank you very much and welcome, Dr. Birnbaum.", "0F2jdODNpno-00233-00100598-00100969": "It's a pleasure and an honor to have you at the Commission's hearing.", "0F2jdODNpno-00234-00100969-00101537": "In your testimony, you walked through individual organohalogen chemical", "0F2jdODNpno-00235-00101537-00102320": "by individual organohalogen chemical and we have been advised by some industry folks", "0F2jdODNpno-00236-00102320-00102821": "that we should proceed chemical by chemical in addressing organohalogens.", "0F2jdODNpno-00237-00102821-00103331": "The Petition asks us to do something in the alternate, which is to look at organohalogens", "0F2jdODNpno-00238-00103331-00103779": "that are non-polymeric additives as flame retardants as a class.", "0F2jdODNpno-00239-00103779-00104025": "Do you have any observation one way or the other", "0F2jdODNpno-00240-00104025-00104303": "about how we should proceed, assuming we were to proceed?", "0F2jdODNpno-00241-00104303-00108427": "DR. BIRNBAUM: Well, I think (audio dropped.)", "0F2jdODNpno-00242-00108427-00108856": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: So you're the head of a sister agency and you're also the Director", "0F2jdODNpno-00243-00108856-00109034": "of the National Toxicology Program.", "0F2jdODNpno-00244-00109034-00109368": "You get to look at thousands and thousands of chemicals", "0F2jdODNpno-00245-00109368-00109608": "or at least you have the potential to look at them.", "0F2jdODNpno-00246-00109608-00110139": "We have arguably thousands of chemicals under our jurisdiction and so as a tiny agency,", "0F2jdODNpno-00247-00110139-00110705": "we have to prioritize, and so I guess my question would be of the thousands of chemicals", "0F2jdODNpno-00248-00110705-00111158": "out there, would you consider these organohalogens to be something", "0F2jdODNpno-00249-00111158-00111402": "that should be worthy of a tiny agency", "0F2jdODNpno-00250-00111402-00111761": "with scarce resources addressing as a priority concern?", "0F2jdODNpno-00251-00111761-00111963": "DR. BIRNBAUM: Yes.", "0F2jdODNpno-00252-00111963-00112159": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: No further questions at this moment.", "0F2jdODNpno-00253-00112159-00112209": "CHAIRMAN KAYE: Thank you.", "0F2jdODNpno-00254-00112209-00112286": "Commissioner Robinson?", "0F2jdODNpno-00255-00112286-00112570": "COMMISSIONER ROBINSON: Thank you so much, Dr. Birnbaum, for coming today,", "0F2jdODNpno-00256-00112570-00112801": "and Dr. Weiss for accompanying Dr. Birnbaum.", "0F2jdODNpno-00257-00112801-00113198": "I am going to follow up on Commissioner Adler's question and I'm going", "0F2jdODNpno-00258-00113198-00113649": "to do it the same way he did since we only have five minutes and that is ask you three questions", "0F2jdODNpno-00259-00113649-00113886": "and then you figure out how to sort it out.", "0F2jdODNpno-00260-00113886-00114366": "But in terms of grouping, because we're being asked not only to ban a group but,", "0F2jdODNpno-00261-00114366-00114917": "going forward, to ban things that haven't even been created that would fall into this class", "0F2jdODNpno-00262-00114917-00115293": "of product, and so my first question is,", "0F2jdODNpno-00263-00115293-00115848": "I know that a lot of institutions have accepted the fact that grouping is appropriate", "0F2jdODNpno-00264-00115848-00116275": "for regulatory purposes, as long as you have the structural similarities that are needed,", "0F2jdODNpno-00265-00116275-00117075": "but my understanding is that if there are structural differences within a grouping", "0F2jdODNpno-00266-00117075-00117602": "that would result in a different endpoint, that that's something that we need to know about.", "0F2jdODNpno-00267-00117602-00118005": "So I'm interested in your comments as to whether you would expect there", "0F2jdODNpno-00268-00118005-00118381": "to be any structural differences in chemicals that fall", "0F2jdODNpno-00269-00118381-00118985": "within this non-polymeric additive organohalogen flame retardants group", "0F2jdODNpno-00270-00118985-00119198": "that would perhaps have a different endpoint.", "0F2jdODNpno-00271-00119198-00119546": "I was particularly interested in the written testimony that you submitted because you said", "0F2jdODNpno-00272-00119546-00120103": "that TBB, to quote you, \"is well absorbed, rapidly metabolized and eliminated.\"", "0F2jdODNpno-00273-00120103-00120522": "So it seems to be different than some of the other chemicals in that group.", "0F2jdODNpno-00274-00120522-00120709": "So I'm just interested in your comments on that.", "0F2jdODNpno-00275-00120709-00121053": "DR. BIRNBAUM: So structural differences can be associated", "0F2jdODNpno-00276-00121053-00121470": "with different health or environmental impacts.", "0F2jdODNpno-00277-00121470-00121785": "However, that doesn't mean they don't have impacts.", "0F2jdODNpno-00278-00121785-00122475": "The flame retardants, as a class, are impacting many, many -- thank you --", "0F2jdODNpno-00279-00122475-00123079": "many, many different health systems and health impacts and I think our greatest concern today,", "0F2jdODNpno-00280-00123079-00123408": "more so even than the cancer, which has been shown for the flame retardants", "0F2jdODNpno-00281-00123408-00123782": "that have been tested, both some of the halogenated organophosphates,", "0F2jdODNpno-00282-00123782-00124229": "which are very structural different than, for example, the PBDEs, but they've all been shown", "0F2jdODNpno-00283-00124229-00124604": "to be carcinogenic in animal studies, but I think a lot of our concern is", "0F2jdODNpno-00284-00124604-00125129": "for the developmental impacts, and what we are finding is that whether there's some", "0F2jdODNpno-00285-00125129-00125603": "of the halogenated organophosphates, whether they're the rapidly-eliminated", "0F2jdODNpno-00286-00125603-00126366": "or the persistent halogenated organic compounds, what we're finding is that they cause a spectrum", "0F2jdODNpno-00287-00126366-00126835": "of adverse developmental effects affecting the developing neurological system,", "0F2jdODNpno-00288-00126835-00127255": "affecting the endocrine system, affecting the reproductive system, and are associated", "0F2jdODNpno-00289-00127255-00127610": "with persistent long-term effects in the next generation.", "0F2jdODNpno-00290-00127610-00128191": "COMMISSIONER ROBINSON: And so in your opinion as one of the experts in the flame retardant field,", "0F2jdODNpno-00291-00128191-00128522": "would it be appropriate to group this group", "0F2jdODNpno-00292-00128522-00129254": "of non-polymeric additive organohalogen flame retardants into one group in terms", "0F2jdODNpno-00293-00129254-00129511": "of this Commission making a determination about a ban?", "0F2jdODNpno-00294-00129511-00129755": "DR. BIRNBAUM: I think it is appropriate.", "0F2jdODNpno-00295-00129755-00129878": "COMMISSIONER ROBINSON: Okay.", "0F2jdODNpno-00296-00129878-00130295": "You've been quoted as saying that when you first looked at this Petition,", "0F2jdODNpno-00297-00130295-00130664": "that there was no way -- you thought that there was no way of condemning an entire class", "0F2jdODNpno-00298-00130664-00131084": "of chemicals but then you said that after taking a closer look at the science,", "0F2jdODNpno-00299-00131084-00131443": "that you thought the Petitioners were \"onto something\" to use your words.", "0F2jdODNpno-00300-00131443-00131552": "Could you just explain that to us?", "0F2jdODNpno-00301-00131552-00131878": "DR. BIRNBAUM: I think it's not only taking a closer look at the science,", "0F2jdODNpno-00302-00131878-00132224": "I think it's really taking a closer look at what the Petitioner's proposing,", "0F2jdODNpno-00303-00132224-00132577": "which is not to ban all halogenated flame retardants.", "0F2jdODNpno-00304-00132577-00133234": "It's to ban them in specific classes of products and it's also to ban those that are additive,", "0F2jdODNpno-00305-00133234-00133824": "not to ban those that are in polymeric form, and the advantage of the polymeric compounds is", "0F2jdODNpno-00306-00133824-00134354": "that they have much less potential to escape into the environment", "0F2jdODNpno-00307-00134354-00134749": "and therefore to expose wildlife and people.", "0F2jdODNpno-00308-00134749-00135232": "We know that for all the compounds that are used in an additive mode, they do get to us.", "0F2jdODNpno-00309-00135232-00135502": "COMMISSIONER ROBINSON: Thank you very much.", "0F2jdODNpno-00310-00135502-00135637": "I have nothing further.", "0F2jdODNpno-00311-00135637-00135789": "CHAIRMAN KAYE: Thank you, Commissioner Robinson.", "0F2jdODNpno-00312-00135789-00135867": "Commissioner Buerkle?", "0F2jdODNpno-00313-00135867-00136280": "COMMISSIONER BUERKLE: Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and let me begin by saying thank you", "0F2jdODNpno-00314-00136280-00136610": "to Dr. Birnbaum and Dr. Weiss for being here this morning", "0F2jdODNpno-00315-00136610-00136771": "and providing your expert testimony.", "0F2jdODNpno-00316-00136771-00136940": "We really do appreciate it.", "0F2jdODNpno-00317-00136940-00137229": "I just want to follow up on my two colleagues, Commissioner Adler", "0F2jdODNpno-00318-00137229-00137456": "and Commissioner Robinson's questions.", "0F2jdODNpno-00319-00137456-00137822": "So Commissioner Adler asked about whether or not it would make sense", "0F2jdODNpno-00320-00137822-00138349": "to prioritize among all of the chemicals.", "0F2jdODNpno-00321-00138349-00138466": "I think I have that right.", "0F2jdODNpno-00322-00138466-00139000": "But specifically in this group of chemicals that we're being asked to consider now a ban", "0F2jdODNpno-00323-00139000-00139491": "on because, to your words, the reality of what --", "0F2jdODNpno-00324-00139491-00139943": "our resources are limited and it's very expensive and it takes a lot of time.", "0F2jdODNpno-00325-00139943-00140602": "So if we had to prioritize within this group of chemicals that we're being asked to ban,", "0F2jdODNpno-00326-00140602-00140912": "could you suggest an order for us?", "0F2jdODNpno-00327-00141211-00141661": "DR. BIRNBAUM: Commissioner, that's a very difficult question because some", "0F2jdODNpno-00328-00141661-00142194": "of the different types of organohalogen flame retardants do very different things", "0F2jdODNpno-00329-00142194-00142883": "and I don't think that I am the appropriate person to say whether I would weigh cancer", "0F2jdODNpno-00330-00142883-00143256": "or developmental neurological effects one over the other.", "0F2jdODNpno-00331-00143256-00143673": "We know that the organophosphates, which have been shown to be carcinogens,", "0F2jdODNpno-00332-00143673-00144081": "are also now being shown to be developmental neurotoxicants.", "0F2jdODNpno-00333-00144081-00144643": "WE know that some of the halogenated, the persistent chemicals, are shown not only", "0F2jdODNpno-00334-00144643-00145182": "to be carcinogens but are shown to be associated with the increase in diabetes and obesity", "0F2jdODNpno-00335-00145182-00145530": "in offspring and we've shown that they're developmental neurotoxicants.", "0F2jdODNpno-00336-00145530-00146179": "So I think that I would have difficulty saying which of these are --", "0F2jdODNpno-00337-00146179-00146622": "which of the very large members of the existing class or the potentially", "0F2jdODNpno-00338-00146622-00147417": "to be synthesized class are worse than the others but I would suggest that essentially all", "0F2jdODNpno-00339-00147417-00147932": "of them will have the potential to cause adverse effects, some kind of adverse effects.", "0F2jdODNpno-00340-00147932-00148122": "COMMISSIONER BUERKLE: Thank you very much.", "0F2jdODNpno-00341-00148122-00148283": "I don't have any more questions, Mr. Chairman.", "0F2jdODNpno-00342-00148283-00148399": "CHAIRMAN KAYE: Thank you, Commissioner Buerkle.", "0F2jdODNpno-00343-00148399-00148479": "Commissioner Mohorovic?", "0F2jdODNpno-00344-00148479-00148611": "COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: Thank you, Mr. Chairman.", "0F2jdODNpno-00345-00148611-00148782": "We're moving along very quickly, Mr. Chairman.", "0F2jdODNpno-00346-00148782-00149111": "I'm going to attempt to answer a question that you posed, if you don't mind,", "0F2jdODNpno-00347-00149111-00149302": "although I recognize it wasn't to me.", "0F2jdODNpno-00348-00149302-00149640": "You asked the panelists if we did move forward with a rulemaking,", "0F2jdODNpno-00349-00149640-00150072": "how would we really understand if we were successful and I would offer this", "0F2jdODNpno-00350-00150072-00150383": "as a solution by virtue of policy.", "0F2jdODNpno-00351-00150383-00150651": "In our midyear review, we as a Commission unanimously committed", "0F2jdODNpno-00352-00150651-00150940": "to retrospective review in prospective rulemaking.", "0F2jdODNpno-00353-00150940-00151316": "So I would have confidence that if we did move forward in a rule,", "0F2jdODNpno-00354-00151316-00151739": "we would embed in there the kind of retrospective review to look back", "0F2jdODNpno-00355-00151739-00152122": "on our activity to determine whether or not we were in fact successful.", "0F2jdODNpno-00356-00152122-00152309": "So I'd just offer that.", "0F2jdODNpno-00357-00152309-00152645": "Thank you, Dr. Weiss, Dr. Birnbaum, for participating today.", "0F2jdODNpno-00358-00152645-00152804": "I have two questions.", "0F2jdODNpno-00359-00152804-00152969": "I hope I have time to get to them.", "0F2jdODNpno-00360-00152969-00153434": "First is on a particular chemical, Hexobromocyclododecane.", "0F2jdODNpno-00361-00153434-00153662": "So you referenced it in your testimony.", "0F2jdODNpno-00362-00153662-00154043": "Chairman, are you impressed that I was able to say that without stumbling?", "0F2jdODNpno-00363-00154043-00154087": "CHAIRMAN KAYE: Yes.", "0F2jdODNpno-00364-00154087-00154471": "COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: There were two government studies, Dr. Birnbaum and Dr. Weiss,", "0F2jdODNpno-00365-00154471-00155046": "that looked at flame retardants pursuant to a CPSC open rulemaking on upholstered furniture.", "0F2jdODNpno-00366-00155046-00155562": "The first one was an NASNRC study in 2000.", "0F2jdODNpno-00367-00155562-00155687": "You're nodding your head.", "0F2jdODNpno-00368-00155687-00155842": "That answers my first question.", "0F2jdODNpno-00369-00155842-00156057": "Are you familiar with the study?", "0F2jdODNpno-00370-00156057-00156398": "And, you know, so the quote here that, after looking at that, is \"despite a lack", "0F2jdODNpno-00371-00156398-00157033": "of a complete database, the subcommittee concluded that the following FRs can be used", "0F2jdODNpno-00372-00157033-00157415": "on residential furniture with minimal risk, even under worse case assumption\"", "0F2jdODNpno-00373-00157415-00157715": "and Hexobromocyclododecane was listed there.", "0F2jdODNpno-00374-00157715-00158248": "And then in 2001, there was a CPSC study that looked at flame retardants", "0F2jdODNpno-00375-00158248-00158878": "for upholstered furniture again and the quote was that of the four and HBCD was listed", "0F2jdODNpno-00376-00158878-00159308": "\"would clearly not be considered hazardous to consumers as defined under the FHSA.\"", "0F2jdODNpno-00377-00159308-00159539": "So that's pretty specific look.", "0F2jdODNpno-00378-00159539-00160101": "The questions that I have for both panelists is did either of you participate in the study and,", "0F2jdODNpno-00379-00160101-00160568": "if so, if you're recommending us to ban or move on HBCD,", "0F2jdODNpno-00380-00160568-00160952": "how's the science chanced to yield a different decision?", "0F2jdODNpno-00381-00160952-00161318": "DR. BIRNBAUM: I'll take that because that study was done by someone who worked", "0F2jdODNpno-00382-00161318-00161562": "in my division when I was at U.S. EPA.", "0F2jdODNpno-00383-00161562-00162123": "Mike Hughes was the prime author on that and it was done with collaborators here at CPSC", "0F2jdODNpno-00384-00162123-00162714": "and what that was done was a study where they looked at the dermal absorption and I'm trying", "0F2jdODNpno-00385-00162714-00163446": "to remember, this is 15 years ago, whether it was -- I know it was in vitro using --", "0F2jdODNpno-00386-00163446-00163705": "and also maybe that we did rat studies in vivo.", "0F2jdODNpno-00387-00163705-00163837": "I'm trying to remember -- COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: Okay.", "0F2jdODNpno-00388-00163837-00163910": "DR. BIRNBAUM: -- exactly.", "0F2jdODNpno-00389-00163910-00164196": "The point was, is that, these are very big chemicals that are going", "0F2jdODNpno-00390-00164196-00164659": "to be very poorly absorbed by the skin and that was the question that was asked.", "0F2jdODNpno-00391-00164659-00164845": "Are they going to be absorbed through the skin?", "0F2jdODNpno-00392-00164845-00165517": "The question was not asked, are they going to escape from the fabrics into the environment", "0F2jdODNpno-00393-00165517-00165914": "and then be able to be absorbed orally or by inhalation?", "0F2jdODNpno-00394-00165914-00166043": "COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: Thank you.", "0F2jdODNpno-00395-00166043-00166485": "DR. BIRNBAUM: And I think that's been a tremendous growth in our understanding", "0F2jdODNpno-00396-00166485-00166957": "about things that exposures are not always what you think they might be,", "0F2jdODNpno-00397-00166957-00167378": "that sitting on the cushion is not the problem that it's going to come through your clothes,", "0F2jdODNpno-00398-00167378-00167955": "but that in fact by sitting on the cushion, you may be expressing it into the dust", "0F2jdODNpno-00399-00167955-00168186": "and from hence it will get into your body by a different route.", "0F2jdODNpno-00400-00168186-00168499": "COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: Thank you very, very much for that explanation.", "0F2jdODNpno-00401-00168499-00168865": "And one other question on another specific chemical you referenced", "0F2jdODNpno-00402-00168865-00169143": "in your testimony on TBBPA.", "0F2jdODNpno-00403-00169143-00169568": "Specifically a different -- somebody who'll be testifying later today", "0F2jdODNpno-00404-00169568-00170227": "in their testimony suggested that TBBPA wouldn't be under the scope of the Petition by virtue", "0F2jdODNpno-00405-00170227-00170810": "of its inclusion or incorporation used in motherboards or that part of the electronics", "0F2jdODNpno-00406-00170810-00171107": "and therefore wouldn't be in the external casings.", "0F2jdODNpno-00407-00171107-00171658": "However, my question is the following in terms of the movement of the industry with TBBPA.", "0F2jdODNpno-00408-00171658-00172333": "Could TBBPA be used as an additive, as a substitute for casings", "0F2jdODNpno-00409-00172333-00172756": "which would therefore put it under scope if its use changes by virtue", "0F2jdODNpno-00410-00172756-00172911": "of the way the Petition is written?", "0F2jdODNpno-00411-00172911-00173521": "DR. BIRNBAUM: So my understanding is that TBBPA's use has increased in an additive mode", "0F2jdODNpno-00412-00173521-00174157": "since the reduced use and then the ban on the DECA BDE which has been used", "0F2jdODNpno-00413-00174157-00174592": "in heavy plastic casings and especially in heavy fabrics,", "0F2jdODNpno-00414-00174592-00174847": "so that the use has increased in an additive mode.", "0F2jdODNpno-00415-00174847-00175334": "COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: Beyond what was stated or what's known right now in its general use", "0F2jdODNpno-00416-00175334-00175739": "in -- would it be electronic motherboards or the interior of componentry?", "0F2jdODNpno-00417-00175739-00175811": "DR. BIRNBAUM: Correct.", "0F2jdODNpno-00418-00175811-00175999": "That it uses -- that there has been a shift.", "0F2jdODNpno-00419-00175999-00176462": "For many, many years, TBBPA, which is the largest brominated flame retardant --", "0F2jdODNpno-00420-00176462-00177188": "largest brominated flame retardant was used in 90:10 percent ratios of reactive to additive", "0F2jdODNpno-00421-00177188-00177824": "and that additive percentage is increasing is my understanding, so, and the more that it's used", "0F2jdODNpno-00422-00177824-00178089": "in additive, the more opportunity there will be for human exposure.", "0F2jdODNpno-00423-00178089-00178207": "COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: Thank you very much.", "0F2jdODNpno-00424-00178207-00178355": "Thank you, Mr. Chairman.", "0F2jdODNpno-00425-00178355-00178533": "CHAIRMAN KAYE: Thank you, Commissioner Mohorovic.", "0F2jdODNpno-00426-00178533-00178903": "This will end this round and I want to thank again Dr. Birnbaum for your testimony", "0F2jdODNpno-00427-00178903-00179046": "and Dr. Weiss for your appearance.", "0F2jdODNpno-00428-00179046-00179428": "I promise the both of you, you should not take us ending now", "0F2jdODNpno-00429-00179428-00179675": "as indicative of a lack of more questions.", "0F2jdODNpno-00430-00179675-00179972": "We could probably spend hours with just the two of you here", "0F2jdODNpno-00431-00179972-00180173": "and that will probably be the case with all the panels.", "0F2jdODNpno-00432-00180173-00180299": "We're now going to move on to Panel 2.", "0F2jdODNpno-00433-00180299-00180459": "Thank you again.", "0F2jdODNpno-00434-00180801-00181403": "PANEL 2 COMMISSIONER ADLER: As you've noticed, Chairman Kaye has departed.", "0F2jdODNpno-00435-00181403-00181578": "The one thing he didn't say was", "0F2jdODNpno-00436-00181578-00182267": "that he sustained the injury during a Thanksgiving Day neighborhood football game", "0F2jdODNpno-00437-00182267-00182550": "and his team won.", "0F2jdODNpno-00438-00182550-00183267": "So I said is that after you left or before you left but he insisted that it was before.", "0F2jdODNpno-00439-00183267-00183587": "He was there through the last bitter moments.", "0F2jdODNpno-00440-00183587-00183958": "Again, just begging your indulgence, if you could please stick", "0F2jdODNpno-00441-00183958-00184507": "within the five-minute period, and the panelists now are Mr. William Wallace", "0F2jdODNpno-00442-00184507-00185466": "from Consumers Union, Eve Gartner from Earthjustice, Dr. Simona Balan, Dr. Arlene Blum,", "0F2jdODNpno-00443-00185466-00185857": "and Dr. Miriam Diamond, both of whom are on here by the phone, and,", "0F2jdODNpno-00444-00185857-00186125": "Mr. Wallace, if you want to begin.", "0F2jdODNpno-00445-00186125-00186600": "MR. WALLACE: Thank you, Commissioner Adler, and the entire Commission.", "0F2jdODNpno-00446-00186600-00187050": "On behalf of Consumers Union, the Public Policy and Advocacy arm of Consumer Reports,", "0F2jdODNpno-00447-00187050-00187517": "thanks for the opportunity to present to the Commission on Requesting Rulemaking", "0F2jdODNpno-00448-00187517-00187751": "on Certain Flame Retardant Chemicals.", "0F2jdODNpno-00449-00187751-00188123": "Consumers Union joined Earthjustice and the Consumer Federation of America as well", "0F2jdODNpno-00450-00188123-00188568": "as nine other co-Petitioners in filing this Petition earlier this year.", "0F2jdODNpno-00451-00188568-00189049": "American consumers are widely exposed from products in their homes that could pose --", "0F2jdODNpno-00452-00189049-00189491": "to potentially toxic flame retardant chemicals that could pose serious health risks", "0F2jdODNpno-00453-00189491-00189810": "and may not actually provide significantly better fire protection", "0F2jdODNpno-00454-00189810-00190143": "than other available technologies without these chemicals.", "0F2jdODNpno-00455-00190143-00190537": "Current regulation does not adequately address the health hazards of these chemicals", "0F2jdODNpno-00456-00190537-00190967": "and CPSC has the authority to protect consumers from the potential risk of harm.", "0F2jdODNpno-00457-00190967-00191521": "It is for these reasons that Consumers Union strongly supports the Petition before you.", "0F2jdODNpno-00458-00191521-00191782": "While our organization has not conducted independent testing", "0F2jdODNpno-00459-00191782-00192100": "on this issue, we have followed it closely.", "0F2jdODNpno-00460-00192100-00192537": "Consumers rightly expect the products in their homes to meet flammability standards", "0F2jdODNpno-00461-00192537-00192938": "but not at the expense of being exposed to potentially toxic chemicals.", "0F2jdODNpno-00462-00192938-00193413": "CPSC should ban the use of non-polymeric additive organohalogen flame retardants", "0F2jdODNpno-00463-00193413-00193800": "in children's products and other specified product categories", "0F2jdODNpno-00464-00193800-00194353": "under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act and encourage manufacturers to instead use barriers", "0F2jdODNpno-00465-00194353-00194636": "and inherently non-flammable materials.", "0F2jdODNpno-00466-00194636-00194973": "In support of the Petition, we plan to submit comments to the Docket", "0F2jdODNpno-00467-00194973-00195164": "which will include the following points.", "0F2jdODNpno-00468-00195164-00195479": "First, the scope of the Petition is clear.", "0F2jdODNpno-00469-00195479-00196025": "It covers organohalogen flame retardants in additive form and only those in additive form", "0F2jdODNpno-00470-00196025-00196321": "because they are not chemically bound to the products containing them", "0F2jdODNpno-00471-00196321-00196923": "and thus have a greater potential to migrate out of products, resulting in human exposure.", "0F2jdODNpno-00472-00196923-00197409": "The specific product categories covered by the Petition are those for which it demonstrates", "0F2jdODNpno-00473-00197409-00197789": "that the flame retardants have been intentionally added or are often present", "0F2jdODNpno-00474-00197789-00198083": "in a large percentage of the products.", "0F2jdODNpno-00475-00198083-00198454": "Second, consumers can be exposed to these chemicals for migration", "0F2jdODNpno-00476-00198454-00198690": "or disintegration from household products.", "0F2jdODNpno-00477-00198690-00199137": "Numerous studies have shown these chemicals presence in indoor air and house dust", "0F2jdODNpno-00478-00199137-00199514": "and it is reasonable to conclude that they can persist in the indoor environment,", "0F2jdODNpno-00479-00199514-00199905": "leading to chronic human exposure from household products.", "0F2jdODNpno-00480-00199905-00200291": "Studies by EPA and Massachusetts have both found that inhalation may account", "0F2jdODNpno-00481-00200291-00200615": "for a significant proportion of exposures.", "0F2jdODNpno-00482-00200615-00200829": "With regard to vulnerable populations,", "0F2jdODNpno-00483-00200829-00201311": "additional studies have found significant exposure of pregnant women to these chemicals,", "0F2jdODNpno-00484-00201311-00201780": "leading to exposure by fetuses and newborn infants, as well as particularly elevated levels", "0F2jdODNpno-00485-00201780-00202293": "of exposure by young children, likely due to their frequent hand-to-mouth behaviors.", "0F2jdODNpno-00486-00202293-00202764": "Third, CPSC has the authority to regulate products containing these chemicals.", "0F2jdODNpno-00487-00202764-00203262": "We agree with the Petition that non-polymeric additive organohalogen flame retardants meet the", "0F2jdODNpno-00488-00203262-00203823": "FHSA definition of toxic in that they have the capacity to produce substantial personal injury", "0F2jdODNpno-00489-00203823-00204121": "or illness and therefore they should be considered", "0F2jdODNpno-00490-00204121-00204427": "and designated as hazardous substances.", "0F2jdODNpno-00491-00204427-00204773": "The Petition documents significant research showing that human exposure", "0F2jdODNpno-00492-00204773-00205354": "to organohalogen flame retardants is associated with long-term chronic adverse health problems", "0F2jdODNpno-00493-00205354-00205752": "with reproductive, neurological, and carcinogenic effects.", "0F2jdODNpno-00494-00205752-00205953": "We furthermore agree with the Petition", "0F2jdODNpno-00495-00205953-00206433": "in that the covered product categories meet the definition of banned hazardous substances", "0F2jdODNpno-00496-00206433-00206721": "when they contain the chemicals at issue.", "0F2jdODNpno-00497-00206721-00207369": "We feel labeling would be inadequate to serve public health and safety", "0F2jdODNpno-00498-00207369-00207750": "since consumers' knowledge of the hazard is unlikely to enable them to take steps", "0F2jdODNpno-00499-00207750-00208026": "to sufficiently protect themselves.", "0F2jdODNpno-00500-00208026-00208484": "Consumers cannot reasonably be expected to successfully collect and dispose", "0F2jdODNpno-00501-00208484-00208973": "of the ubiquitous dust in their homes that is contaminated with the specified flame retardants", "0F2jdODNpno-00502-00208973-00209323": "that can have long-term adverse effects on their health.", "0F2jdODNpno-00503-00209323-00209690": "Fourth, it is appropriate for the Commission to make this a priority.", "0F2jdODNpno-00504-00209690-00210276": "The hazard from the specified flame retardants meets many, if not all, of the requirements", "0F2jdODNpno-00505-00210276-00210525": "to be a CPSC priority for action.", "0F2jdODNpno-00506-00210525-00210998": "The probability of exposure is high because the products are ones that most people use daily,", "0F2jdODNpno-00507-00210998-00211490": "such as chairs, couches, mattress pads, computers, and other electronics.", "0F2jdODNpno-00508-00211490-00211855": "Children, a vulnerable population, are at particular risk because they tend", "0F2jdODNpno-00509-00211855-00212198": "to spend more time on the floor in proximity to house dust,", "0F2jdODNpno-00510-00212198-00212388": "have frequent hand-to-mouth behaviors,", "0F2jdODNpno-00511-00212388-00212678": "and may be exposed during critical developmental periods,", "0F2jdODNpno-00512-00212678-00213206": "and continued use of these chemicals is likely to lead to future illness and injury.", "0F2jdODNpno-00513-00213206-00213637": "In addition, current regulation is inadequate, leaving consumers at risk.", "0F2jdODNpno-00514-00213637-00213909": "The Toxic Substances Control Act is widely considered not", "0F2jdODNpno-00515-00213909-00214323": "to give EPA the authority it would need to meaningfully protect the public", "0F2jdODNpno-00516-00214323-00214704": "and to allow chemicals on the market that are not established as safe.", "0F2jdODNpno-00517-00214704-00215157": "Moreover, while there are current congressional efforts to fix the law, it is impossible to know", "0F2jdODNpno-00518-00215157-00215573": "if a bill will pass or be effective at protecting public health.", "0F2jdODNpno-00519-00215573-00216042": "Action taken by CPSC to address this Petition would not duplicate existing protections", "0F2jdODNpno-00520-00216042-00216215": "for consumers.", "0F2jdODNpno-00521-00216215-00216521": "In conclusion, we urge you to grant the Petition and protect consumers", "0F2jdODNpno-00522-00216521-00216684": "from the documented health risks.", "0F2jdODNpno-00523-00216684-00216800": "Thank you for your attention.", "0F2jdODNpno-00524-00216800-00217041": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: Impeccable sense of timing, Mr. Wallace.", "0F2jdODNpno-00525-00217041-00217311": "I hope all the other witnesses will be as effective.", "0F2jdODNpno-00526-00217311-00217356": "Ms. Gartner?", "0F2jdODNpno-00527-00217356-00217740": "MS. GARTNER: Thank you, Commissioner Adler.", "0F2jdODNpno-00528-00217740-00217969": "I am Eve Gartner, a staff attorney at Earthjustice.", "0F2jdODNpno-00529-00217969-00218417": "Along with the Consumer Federation of America, I represent the Petitioners here.", "0F2jdODNpno-00530-00218417-00218529": "Thank you.", "0F2jdODNpno-00531-00218529-00219015": "I appreciate the opportunity to testify today and I also appreciate the very careful study", "0F2jdODNpno-00532-00219015-00219277": "that the Commission is giving to this matter.", "0F2jdODNpno-00533-00219277-00219777": "As you know, the Petition asks for regulations under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act", "0F2jdODNpno-00534-00219777-00220323": "to protect consumers from non-polymeric organohalogen flame retardants in additive form", "0F2jdODNpno-00535-00220323-00220694": "in four categories of consumer products.", "0F2jdODNpno-00536-00220694-00221446": "Under the FHSA, the legal standard that we're asking you to operate under is", "0F2jdODNpno-00537-00221446-00222137": "that if a substance has the capacity to produce personal injury or illness through ingestion,", "0F2jdODNpno-00538-00222137-00222815": "inhalation, or absorption, then the chemical or the product is toxic, and if a substance", "0F2jdODNpno-00539-00222815-00223428": "or product is toxic and, in addition, it may cause substantial personal injury", "0F2jdODNpno-00540-00223428-00224075": "or personal illness as a proximate result of customary or reasonably foreseeable use,", "0F2jdODNpno-00541-00224075-00224476": "then it meets the definition of a hazardous substance under the FHSA,", "0F2jdODNpno-00542-00224476-00224841": "and if labeling will not protect against the injury,", "0F2jdODNpno-00543-00224841-00225330": "as it would not here, then the CPSC must ban it.", "0F2jdODNpno-00544-00225330-00225917": "Dr. Birnbaum referenced PBDEs, a group of organohalogen flame retardants used", "0F2jdODNpno-00545-00225917-00226286": "in additive form that would be covered by this Petition.", "0F2jdODNpno-00546-00226286-00226662": "The PBDEs are a case study for how federal regulations", "0F2jdODNpno-00547-00226662-00227177": "and policies are not now protecting us from products containing chemicals", "0F2jdODNpno-00548-00227177-00227450": "that are well understood to be toxic.", "0F2jdODNpno-00549-00227450-00227894": "For decades, PBDE flame retardants were used extensively in a wide range", "0F2jdODNpno-00550-00227894-00228231": "of consumer products and, as Dr. Birnbaum explained,", "0F2jdODNpno-00551-00228231-00228644": "they present very serious human health risks and because they are persistent", "0F2jdODNpno-00552-00228644-00229003": "and bio-accumulative, 97 percent of people who live", "0F2jdODNpno-00553-00229003-00229471": "in the United States have measurable quantities of PBDEs in their blood.", "0F2jdODNpno-00554-00229471-00229848": "Children have the highest body burdens and children from communities", "0F2jdODNpno-00555-00229848-00230142": "of color have the very highest levels.", "0F2jdODNpno-00556-00230142-00230742": "So in the face of what was known a decade ago about the toxicity of PBDEs,", "0F2jdODNpno-00557-00230742-00231194": "EPA negotiated a voluntary phase-out of their domestic production,", "0F2jdODNpno-00558-00231194-00231376": "but there are two fundamental ways", "0F2jdODNpno-00559-00231376-00231880": "in which consumers are still unprotected against PBDE exposures.", "0F2jdODNpno-00560-00231880-00232541": "First, although PBDEs are not manufactured in the U.S., they are still being made overseas,", "0F2jdODNpno-00561-00232541-00232919": "yet no U.S. law or regulation prohibits the importation", "0F2jdODNpno-00562-00232919-00233292": "and sale of products containing any PBDE.", "0F2jdODNpno-00563-00233292-00233791": "Some states have banned the sale of some products containing some PBDEs", "0F2jdODNpno-00564-00233791-00234119": "but this scattershot approach is not sufficient.", "0F2jdODNpno-00565-00234119-00234648": "EPA has proposed using its significant new use rule authority to prohibit the import", "0F2jdODNpno-00566-00234648-00235212": "of products containing PBDEs but strong industry pushback has prevented those rules,", "0F2jdODNpno-00567-00235212-00235542": "the SNUR Rule, from being finalized.", "0F2jdODNpno-00568-00235542-00236085": "So we know from manufacturers' self-reporting that children's products containing more", "0F2jdODNpno-00569-00236085-00236701": "than trace amounts of DECA BDE are still being sold in this country and it's possible", "0F2jdODNpno-00570-00236701-00237134": "that imported furniture containing Penta BDE is still being sold, as well.", "0F2jdODNpno-00571-00237134-00237444": "We have no way to know for sure either way.", "0F2jdODNpno-00572-00237444-00238151": "The importation of products containing toxic PBDEs is a major regulatory loophole.", "0F2jdODNpno-00573-00238151-00238477": "Granting this Petition would fill that hole.", "0F2jdODNpno-00574-00238477-00238994": "Second, the voluntary phase-out of PBDE production did nothing,", "0F2jdODNpno-00575-00238994-00239416": "as Dr. Birnbaum referenced, did nothing to protect people in the U.S.", "0F2jdODNpno-00576-00239416-00240061": "from the legacy exposures, the toxic furniture and poisoned toys that people already owned", "0F2jdODNpno-00577-00240061-00240640": "that are still in the homes of millions of people, especially in low-income communities,", "0F2jdODNpno-00578-00240640-00241142": "but most people keep their sofas for decades and then pass them on to their kids.", "0F2jdODNpno-00579-00241142-00241781": "So we're passing on essentially just toxicity for generations.", "0F2jdODNpno-00580-00241781-00242410": "If CPSC were to declare products containing non-polymeric organohalogens in additive form", "0F2jdODNpno-00581-00242410-00242821": "to be banned hazardous substances, as we've asked for, it would have the authority", "0F2jdODNpno-00582-00242821-00243232": "under Section 15 of the FHSA to protect consumers", "0F2jdODNpno-00583-00243232-00243553": "against the PBDE-laden products in their home.", "0F2jdODNpno-00584-00243553-00243827": "So how do we learn from the past?", "0F2jdODNpno-00585-00243827-00244559": "Obviously manufacturers have replaced PBDEs with other non-polymeric halogenated flame retardants", "0F2jdODNpno-00586-00244559-00244884": "and the mounting evidence is that they are similarly toxic.", "0F2jdODNpno-00587-00244884-00245041": "That's not a huge surprise.", "0F2jdODNpno-00588-00245041-00245575": "It's a basic fact that chemicals with similar structures are similarly toxic.", "0F2jdODNpno-00589-00245575-00246284": "So all additive non-polymeric organohalogen flame retardants bear the structural similarity", "0F2jdODNpno-00590-00246284-00246494": "of a common functional group.", "0F2jdODNpno-00591-00246494-00246977": "They have shared physical, chemical, environmental fate and toxicity properties.", "0F2jdODNpno-00592-00246977-00247359": "They are all likely to be toxic within the meaning of the FHSA.", "0F2jdODNpno-00593-00247359-00247639": "They should be regulated as a class.", "0F2jdODNpno-00594-00247639-00248003": "We should not continue to make the mistakes we made with PBDEs.", "0F2jdODNpno-00595-00248003-00248056": "Thank you.", "0F2jdODNpno-00596-00248056-00248267": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: Thank you very much.", "0F2jdODNpno-00597-00248267-00248451": "Dr. Balan?", "0F2jdODNpno-00598-00248581-00249117": "DR. BALAN: Good morning and thank you for the opportunity to speak.", "0F2jdODNpno-00599-00249117-00249201": "Thank you.", "0F2jdODNpno-00600-00249201-00249573": "So I'm Simona Balan, a scientist with the Green Science Policy Institute.", "0F2jdODNpno-00601-00249573-00250246": "I am one of the co-Petitioners, and I would like to make the point today as to why it's important", "0F2jdODNpno-00602-00250246-00250844": "to address the entire class of organohalogen flame retardants non-polymeric in additive form,", "0F2jdODNpno-00603-00250844-00251269": "and I believe the example of Penta BDE really puts this into perspective.", "0F2jdODNpno-00604-00251269-00251767": "So in order to prevent what the CPSC estimated in 2008", "0F2jdODNpno-00605-00251767-00252459": "as 30 preventable small open flame furniture fire deaths, Penta BDE was added to furniture", "0F2jdODNpno-00606-00252459-00253151": "that ended up in 97 percent of the U.S. population, which is over 300 million people,", "0F2jdODNpno-00607-00253151-00253729": "and even though Penta BDE was phased out, similar organohalogen flame retardants continue", "0F2jdODNpno-00608-00253729-00254187": "to be used in the four product categories mentioned in the Petition.", "0F2jdODNpno-00609-00254187-00254441": "Next slide, please.", "0F2jdODNpno-00610-00254441-00255139": "And more and more scientific evidence is emerging that these chemicals share properties", "0F2jdODNpno-00611-00255139-00255737": "and in Dr. David Epel's, Professor Murray at Stanford University's words,", "0F2jdODNpno-00612-00255737-00256060": "\"The properties of organohalogen flame retardants as a class can lead", "0F2jdODNpno-00613-00256060-00256328": "to adverse effects for human health.\"", "0F2jdODNpno-00614-00256328-00256700": "So what exactly are these properties?", "0F2jdODNpno-00615-00256700-00256859": "Next slide, please.", "0F2jdODNpno-00616-00256859-00257382": "This is also from Dr. Epel's research and his collaborators but I would like you to understand", "0F2jdODNpno-00617-00257382-00257830": "that organohalogens are not natural to our biochemistry.", "0F2jdODNpno-00618-00257830-00258330": "Our cells were not developed, while being exposed to such chemicals,", "0F2jdODNpno-00619-00258330-00258686": "and so they're not designed to address these chemicals.", "0F2jdODNpno-00620-00258686-00259180": "Our cells are actually pretty good at recognizing certain toxics or removing them", "0F2jdODNpno-00621-00259180-00259929": "from the cell but organohalogens make it past our defenses and they can persist", "0F2jdODNpno-00622-00259929-00260382": "for a long time inside the cells and they're not removed by the cell detoxifiers.", "0F2jdODNpno-00623-00260382-00260926": "In new research by Professor Ambro Umbden from the University of California", "0F2jdODNpno-00624-00260926-00261600": "at San Diego has actually found that not only are they unrecognized by the cell responses", "0F2jdODNpno-00625-00261600-00261859": "by they can also inhibit the cell's defenses,", "0F2jdODNpno-00626-00261859-00262342": "making them less able to deal with other toxicants.", "0F2jdODNpno-00627-00262342-00262678": "Next slide, please.", "0F2jdODNpno-00628-00262678-00263130": "And we are still catching up with the research on PBDEs.", "0F2jdODNpno-00629-00263130-00263426": "Just this year, after the Petition was submitted,", "0F2jdODNpno-00630-00263426-00263915": "more papers came out on the adverse health effects from PBDEs", "0F2jdODNpno-00631-00263915-00264368": "and understanding the mechanisms through which these adverse health effects are happening.", "0F2jdODNpno-00632-00264368-00264764": "For instance, late puberty in girls, increased risk of preterm births,", "0F2jdODNpno-00633-00264764-00264989": "impaired executive functioning in young children.", "0F2jdODNpno-00634-00264989-00265545": "So these are really important adverse health effects that we should consider.", "0F2jdODNpno-00635-00265545-00266132": "Also, another research paper has analyzed 35 brominated flame retardants that are used", "0F2jdODNpno-00636-00266132-00266792": "as PBDE replacements and concluded that they have similar-enough physical-chemical properties", "0F2jdODNpno-00637-00266792-00267318": "in terms of persistence by accumulation potential, potential for lonase transport, that,", "0F2jdODNpno-00638-00267318-00267861": "in the author's words, \"they cannot be regarded as suitable replacements to PBDEs.\"", "0F2jdODNpno-00639-00267861-00268032": "Next slide, please.", "0F2jdODNpno-00640-00268032-00268548": "So we are already seeing government agencies addressing the entire class", "0F2jdODNpno-00641-00268548-00268720": "of organohalogen flame retardants.", "0F2jdODNpno-00642-00268720-00269179": "For instance, Biomonitoring in California placed the entire class of brominated", "0F2jdODNpno-00643-00269179-00269610": "and chlorinated organic compounds used as flame retardants on their authoritative list.", "0F2jdODNpno-00644-00269610-00270020": "Their Scientific Guidance Panel reviewed this class between 2008 and 2009", "0F2jdODNpno-00645-00270020-00270488": "and found enough risk of exposure and adverse health effects", "0F2jdODNpno-00646-00270488-00271052": "to warrant including this entire class, including chemicals that haven't", "0F2jdODNpno-00647-00271052-00271658": "yet been marketed that are still to be developed within this class.", "0F2jdODNpno-00648-00271658-00271865": "Next slide, please.", "0F2jdODNpno-00649-00271865-00272120": "So this quote from Drs.", "0F2jdODNpno-00650-00272120-00272676": "Needleman and Landrigan was written in 1994 but I think it's still incredibly timely,", "0F2jdODNpno-00651-00272676-00273105": "that \"we are conducting a massive clinical toxicological trial and our children", "0F2jdODNpno-00652-00273105-00273498": "and our children's children are the experimental subjects.\"", "0F2jdODNpno-00653-00273498-00274017": "So it's clearly time to start ending this experimental trial", "0F2jdODNpno-00654-00274017-00274373": "and the CPSC does have the authority to help protect consumers", "0F2jdODNpno-00655-00274373-00274757": "from organohalogen flame retardants in this product category", "0F2jdODNpno-00656-00274757-00275352": "and we as co-Petitioners selected these four product categories because we know", "0F2jdODNpno-00657-00275352-00275774": "that these are the ones where consumers are most likely to be exposed", "0F2jdODNpno-00658-00275774-00276095": "when the organohalogen flame retardants are used in additive form", "0F2jdODNpno-00659-00276095-00276600": "and when they are non-polymerics, so they're easily taken up inside the cells.", "0F2jdODNpno-00660-00276600-00276969": "So thank you for your time and for the opportunity to provide comments", "0F2jdODNpno-00661-00276969-00277185": "and I'm welcome to answer any questions.", "0F2jdODNpno-00662-00277185-00277335": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: Thank you very much.", "0F2jdODNpno-00663-00277335-00277797": "We now have Dr. Arlene Blum on the telephone and Dr. Miriam Diamond.", "0F2jdODNpno-00664-00277797-00278082": "I'm going to call on Dr. Blum first.", "0F2jdODNpno-00665-00278082-00278439": "Dr. Blum, can you hear us?", "0F2jdODNpno-00666-00278439-00278658": "(No response.)", "0F2jdODNpno-00667-00278805-00279556": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: I have no idea.", "0F2jdODNpno-00668-00279556-00279839": "Dr. Blum, can you hear us?", "0F2jdODNpno-00669-00279839-00280479": "Dr. Blum? (No response.)", "0F2jdODNpno-00670-00280479-00280688": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: Okay.", "0F2jdODNpno-00671-00280688-00280882": "Well, let's see about DR. BLUM: Hi.", "0F2jdODNpno-00672-00280882-00281064": "I just turned my mute off.", "0F2jdODNpno-00673-00281064-00281146": "Okay, good.", "0F2jdODNpno-00674-00281146-00281231": "I'm on the phone.", "0F2jdODNpno-00675-00281231-00281757": "Thank you very much, and I'm Arlene Blum.", "0F2jdODNpno-00676-00281757-00282093": "I'm the Executive Director of the Green Science Policy Institute", "0F2jdODNpno-00677-00282093-00282534": "and I'm also the Visiting Scholar in Chemistry at UC Berkeley", "0F2jdODNpno-00678-00282534-00283114": "and I really appreciate the opportunity to speak with you remote today and I'm going to speak", "0F2jdODNpno-00679-00283114-00283596": "to you about the topic of regrettable substitution because that is one", "0F2jdODNpno-00680-00283596-00284401": "of the major reasons that it is imperative to consider the whole class", "0F2jdODNpno-00681-00284401-00284944": "of organohalogen flame retardants and the classic in my Slide Number 2,", "0F2jdODNpno-00682-00284944-00285660": "you can see on the left, the flame retardant called Decabromodiphenyl ether.", "0F2jdODNpno-00683-00285660-00286391": "That means 10 bromines, two phenyl rings, and an ether bond, and you can see the two rings", "0F2jdODNpno-00684-00286391-00286997": "with the ether bond and bromines all around and after many years, this flame retardant,", "0F2jdODNpno-00685-00286997-00287714": "which has been widely used in fabric back coatings and electronics and a variety of uses,", "0F2jdODNpno-00686-00287714-00288390": "was found to be persistent bio-accumulative and toxic and again with an EPA agreement", "0F2jdODNpno-00687-00288390-00288930": "but not with a regulatory approach has indeed been phased out and is not manufactured", "0F2jdODNpno-00688-00288930-00289501": "in the U.S. But as the sale of the ether went down,", "0F2jdODNpno-00689-00289501-00290138": "the replacement on the right is very similar, Decabromodiphenyl ethane,", "0F2jdODNpno-00690-00290138-00290567": "which has a different connection, ethane rather than the ether,", "0F2jdODNpno-00691-00290567-00291092": "but it turns out to be possibly more persistent and bio-accumulative", "0F2jdODNpno-00692-00291092-00291514": "and there's increasing results showing that it's toxic.", "0F2jdODNpno-00693-00291514-00292035": "So this is that regrettable substitution, sometimes called passive whack-a-mole,", "0F2jdODNpno-00694-00292035-00292750": "and in the next Slide Number 3, my experience with this goes back a very long time,", "0F2jdODNpno-00695-00292750-00293532": "nearly 40 years, to when, in 1977, I published a paper", "0F2jdODNpno-00696-00293532-00293815": "about flame retardants in children's pajamas.", "0F2jdODNpno-00697-00293815-00294292": "At that time, the main flame retardant was a chemical called brominated tris.", "0F2jdODNpno-00698-00294292-00294855": "It was up to 10 percent of the weight of the fabric in most children's pajamas", "0F2jdODNpno-00699-00294855-00295717": "in the U.S. It was found that it ended up inside the children and it was a very strong mutagen.", "0F2jdODNpno-00700-00295717-00296580": "We published this paper, as I said, in 1977, in January, and in the next slide, Slide 4,", "0F2jdODNpno-00701-00296580-00297112": "you can see that three months after we published the paper,", "0F2jdODNpno-00702-00297112-00297660": "the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission banned brominated tri from children's pajamas.", "0F2jdODNpno-00703-00297660-00298349": "So you were able to act quite rapidly in those days but when brominated tris was banned,", "0F2jdODNpno-00704-00298349-00299124": "the unfortunate substitute was chlorinated tris, which had similar properties and was indeed,", "0F2jdODNpno-00705-00299124-00299790": "with the assistance of the CPSC, removed from pajamas in 1978.", "0F2jdODNpno-00706-00299790-00300451": "And I have to say that since that time, which has been approaching 40 years,", "0F2jdODNpno-00707-00300451-00301144": "I have thought of this and have not yet seen a flame retardant, organohalogen flame retardant", "0F2jdODNpno-00708-00301144-00301600": "that has not, upon study, turned out to be problematic.", "0F2jdODNpno-00709-00301600-00302214": "So there's a long unfortunate record and as people have said, in the next slide,", "0F2jdODNpno-00710-00302214-00303174": "Penta BDE has a wide variety of human health effects, neurological, reproductive,", "0F2jdODNpno-00711-00303174-00303852": "and in the next slide, most recently, the National Toxicology Program found clear evidence", "0F2jdODNpno-00712-00303852-00304729": "of cancer-causing activity from Penta BDE and that means that Penta BDE couches that are", "0F2jdODNpno-00713-00304729-00305165": "in so many homes, particularly low-income homes, have the potential", "0F2jdODNpno-00714-00305165-00305714": "to cause serious health problems and since it was used in all furniture pretty much --", "0F2jdODNpno-00715-00305714-00306247": "we did a study of a hundred couches and found that most furniture from 1975", "0F2jdODNpno-00716-00306247-00306756": "to 2005 in the U.S. contained Penta BDE.", "0F2jdODNpno-00717-00306756-00307113": "So there's a very long-term and serious problem.", "0F2jdODNpno-00718-00307113-00307928": "But in the next slide, when Penta BDE was phased out, the replacements were chlorinated tris,", "0F2jdODNpno-00719-00307928-00308551": "the same chlorinated tris that had been removed from children's pajamas in the '70s,", "0F2jdODNpno-00720-00308551-00308936": "even though the CPSC had said the estimated lifetime cancer risk was", "0F2jdODNpno-00721-00308936-00309156": "up to 300 cancer patients per million.", "0F2jdODNpno-00722-00309156-00309619": "There was a CPSC study saying that in 2006.", "0F2jdODNpno-00723-00309619-00309846": "Nonetheless, it was the major replacement.", "0F2jdODNpno-00724-00309846-00310195": "The other replacement, Firemaster 550,", "0F2jdODNpno-00725-00310195-00310704": "the EPA Design for the Environment predicted reproductive, neurological,", "0F2jdODNpno-00726-00310704-00311423": "and developmental toxicity as well as persistent degradation products, and indeed if you note,", "0F2jdODNpno-00727-00311423-00312119": "the brochure on the left, it claimed that the human health toxicity, whatever that means,", "0F2jdODNpno-00728-00312119-00312400": "of Firemaster would be half of that of Penta.", "0F2jdODNpno-00729-00312400-00312997": "I guess it's an advertisement for the change, if that's enough.", "0F2jdODNpno-00730-00312997-00313458": "So we knew that and yet in 2005, those were the replacements.", "0F2jdODNpno-00731-00313458-00313972": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: Dr. Blum, I'm sorry to interrupt but your time's expired but I'm going", "0F2jdODNpno-00732-00313972-00314419": "to yield you, if you would like, out of my time an additional 30 seconds.", "0F2jdODNpno-00733-00314419-00314540": "DR. BLUM: Okay.", "0F2jdODNpno-00734-00314540-00314809": "Sorry. I talk too slowly.", "0F2jdODNpno-00735-00314809-00315098": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: No.", "0F2jdODNpno-00736-00315098-00315551": "DR. BLUM: Now I can't find my slide.", "0F2jdODNpno-00737-00315551-00316307": "Okay. Well, I think just to conclude that we have considerable data that the substitutes tend", "0F2jdODNpno-00738-00316307-00317265": "to have the same properties and that indeed I was going to just conclude with the quote", "0F2jdODNpno-00739-00317265-00317814": "from the Chicago Tribune to remind people that a \"deceptive campaign by industry", "0F2jdODNpno-00740-00317814-00318140": "about toxic flame retardants into our homes and bodies", "0F2jdODNpno-00741-00318140-00318402": "and the chemicals don't work as promised.\"", "0F2jdODNpno-00742-00318402-00319053": "So there is a real opportunity to reduce the use of these chemicals -- COMMISSIONER ADLER: Okay.", "0F2jdODNpno-00743-00319053-00319444": "Dr. Blum, I'm going to have to cut you off right there and I apologize for doing that.", "0F2jdODNpno-00744-00319444-00319718": "We may be able to get back to you during the questioning.", "0F2jdODNpno-00745-00319718-00320864": "I'd like now to see if we have Dr. Diamond on the phone.", "0F2jdODNpno-00746-00320864-00321093": "(No response.)", "0F2jdODNpno-00747-00321093-00321190": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: Okay.", "0F2jdODNpno-00748-00321190-00321859": "I'm told by our technical expert that it takes a minute to get folks off of mute.", "0F2jdODNpno-00749-00321859-00322179": "So I'm just going to keep asking Dr. Diamond, if you are there?", "0F2jdODNpno-00750-00322179-00322354": "(No response.)", "0F2jdODNpno-00751-00322513-00322718": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: Dr. Diamond, can you hear us?", "0F2jdODNpno-00752-00322718-00322848": "(No response.)", "0F2jdODNpno-00753-00323456-00323915": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: We'll try one more time and if not, then I think we can move to questions", "0F2jdODNpno-00754-00323915-00324360": "and if Dr. Diamond comes online, then we can ask for her testimony.", "0F2jdODNpno-00755-00324360-00324590": "One last time, Dr. Diamond, can you hear us?", "0F2jdODNpno-00756-00324590-00324639": "(No response.)", "0F2jdODNpno-00757-00324639-00324853": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: Apparently she cannot.", "0F2jdODNpno-00758-00324853-00325418": "PANEL 2 QUESTIONS COMMISSIONER ADLER: So I'm going to move to ask a few questions", "0F2jdODNpno-00759-00325418-00326046": "and I think what I'd like to do, Dr. Balan, since you're here and we can see you", "0F2jdODNpno-00760-00326046-00326493": "and you're somebody that I can ask this question of.", "0F2jdODNpno-00761-00326493-00326865": "We have a claim that will be made this afternoon that EPA", "0F2jdODNpno-00762-00326865-00327338": "and other governmental authorities have determined and this is what the phrase was", "0F2jdODNpno-00763-00327338-00327711": "that got me a little confused, that \"some of the chemistries impacted", "0F2jdODNpno-00764-00327711-00328137": "by the Petition do not present a significant risk to human health or the environment.\"", "0F2jdODNpno-00765-00328137-00328358": "So I guess my question is a broad one.", "0F2jdODNpno-00766-00328358-00329014": "Are you aware of any organohalogen non-polymeric flame retardant additive that EPA", "0F2jdODNpno-00767-00329014-00329456": "or any other governmental agency has determined does not present a hazard", "0F2jdODNpno-00768-00329456-00329724": "to the environment or human health?", "0F2jdODNpno-00769-00329724-00330243": "DR. BALAN: I am not aware of that.", "0F2jdODNpno-00770-00330243-00330911": "I know that the EPA is in the process of reviewing certain groups", "0F2jdODNpno-00771-00330911-00331473": "of organohalogen flame retardants but, yeah, no, I'm not aware.", "0F2jdODNpno-00772-00331473-00332014": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: And, Ms. Gartner, I'd like to ask you a question.", "0F2jdODNpno-00773-00332014-00332597": "The Petition limited itself to four categories of consumer products but I sat down", "0F2jdODNpno-00774-00332597-00333113": "and I said what other consumer products out there and I thought candles, carpets, cabinets,", "0F2jdODNpno-00775-00333113-00333367": "sheets, towels, shower curtains, appliances.", "0F2jdODNpno-00776-00333367-00333991": "There are a lot of other products that conceivably might have organohalogens.", "0F2jdODNpno-00777-00333991-00334402": "So one of the things that we have to do in deciding whether to grant the Petition is", "0F2jdODNpno-00778-00334402-00334686": "to figure out what the scope of the Petition should be.", "0F2jdODNpno-00779-00334686-00335221": "Can you explain in a little bit more detail why you limited the request just", "0F2jdODNpno-00780-00335221-00335436": "to these four product categories?", "0F2jdODNpno-00781-00335436-00335601": "MS. GARTNER: Yes, Commissioner Adler.", "0F2jdODNpno-00782-00335601-00336353": "We chose categories where we know organohalogen flame retardants are used in additive form", "0F2jdODNpno-00783-00336353-00336770": "and in non-polymeric forms, so that it would lead to human exposures,", "0F2jdODNpno-00784-00336770-00337191": "and we also chose categories where there's documented evidence", "0F2jdODNpno-00785-00337191-00337701": "that there really is no fire safety benefit to using the halogens", "0F2jdODNpno-00786-00337701-00337900": "at the levels where they're currently used.", "0F2jdODNpno-00787-00337900-00338343": "So that might also be the case for additional categories of products but these are the ones", "0F2jdODNpno-00788-00338343-00338754": "where there's documentation of the lack of fire safety benefit.", "0F2jdODNpno-00789-00338754-00339210": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: And if I might, Ms. Gartner,", "0F2jdODNpno-00790-00339210-00339684": "we heard Dr. Blum's discussion of regrettable substitutions.", "0F2jdODNpno-00791-00339684-00340158": "She did it product by product, showing that when you use one and the famous phrase", "0F2jdODNpno-00792-00340158-00340709": "of whack-a-mole, you find another one, but can you explain more broadly what the notion", "0F2jdODNpno-00793-00340709-00341063": "of regrettable substitution is and why it's of such concern", "0F2jdODNpno-00794-00341063-00341341": "to the Petitioners in this particular case?", "0F2jdODNpno-00795-00341341-00341449": "MS. GARTNER: Yes.", "0F2jdODNpno-00796-00341449-00342281": "So the concern is that unless there's a prohibition on the use of any chemical", "0F2jdODNpno-00797-00342281-00342858": "in this class, that if -- what we've seen, as Dr. Blum is saying,", "0F2jdODNpno-00798-00342858-00343204": "Penta BDE was used for decades in sofas.", "0F2jdODNpno-00799-00343204-00343567": "EPA determined 10 years ago that that posed risks.", "0F2jdODNpno-00800-00343567-00344079": "They were three or four years later than Europe in determining that but they entered", "0F2jdODNpno-00801-00344079-00344609": "into this voluntary phase-out and then new chemicals came", "0F2jdODNpno-00802-00344609-00345118": "on that have similar chemical structures and similar toxicity and the concern is", "0F2jdODNpno-00803-00345118-00345667": "that if this Commission were simply to act against particular chemicals, then we would --", "0F2jdODNpno-00804-00345667-00346218": "then the next replacements would have the same problems, similar structure, similar toxicity.", "0F2jdODNpno-00805-00346218-00346763": "The only way to get at the root of the problem is to address all the chemicals", "0F2jdODNpno-00806-00346763-00347415": "that have this structure, the bonding of the carbon atom and the halogenated chemical.", "0F2jdODNpno-00807-00347415-00347614": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: Thank you very much for the question.", "0F2jdODNpno-00808-00347614-00347714": "I have one last question.", "0F2jdODNpno-00809-00347714-00347961": "Dr. Balan, if I might direct that to you.", "0F2jdODNpno-00810-00347961-00348377": "We're going to hear testimony this afternoon from a manufacturer who claims", "0F2jdODNpno-00811-00348377-00348821": "to have developed effective halogen-free reactive FR chemicals", "0F2jdODNpno-00812-00348821-00349066": "for use in some consumer products.", "0F2jdODNpno-00813-00349066-00349563": "Setting aside the question whether we need FR chemicals in some of these products,", "0F2jdODNpno-00814-00349563-00350017": "is it possible to develop an effective halogen-free reactive FR chemical", "0F2jdODNpno-00815-00350017-00350268": "for use in consumer products?", "0F2jdODNpno-00816-00350268-00350489": "DR. BALAN: I believe it is and I believe", "0F2jdODNpno-00817-00350489-00351111": "that by banning products containing additive non-polymeric organohalogen flame retardants,", "0F2jdODNpno-00818-00351111-00351660": "we would be opening further opportunities for innovation for finding safer alternatives.", "0F2jdODNpno-00819-00351660-00351914": "So the fact that the flame retardant would be reactive,", "0F2jdODNpno-00820-00351914-00352352": "that's good news because it means it's bound to the material, be less likely to cause exposure.", "0F2jdODNpno-00821-00352352-00352949": "Even if it shows some toxicity, consumers will not be exposed to it during product use.", "0F2jdODNpno-00822-00352949-00353101": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: Thank you so much.", "0F2jdODNpno-00823-00353101-00353195": "Commissioner Robinson?", "0F2jdODNpno-00824-00353195-00353505": "COMMISSIONER ROBINSON: Thank you, Commissioner Adler.", "0F2jdODNpno-00825-00353505-00353987": "One of my frustrations in reviewing the voluminous materials that were submitted", "0F2jdODNpno-00826-00353987-00354307": "and in listening to the presentations that have been given to us", "0F2jdODNpno-00827-00354307-00354632": "over the last few weeks is making sure that we're dealing", "0F2jdODNpno-00828-00354632-00354902": "with only what's relevant to you Petitioners.", "0F2jdODNpno-00829-00354902-00355222": "Since you're all Petitioners, I guess any of you could answer this but, Ms. Gartner,", "0F2jdODNpno-00830-00355222-00355422": "I'm going to aim this question at you.", "0F2jdODNpno-00831-00355422-00355919": "I just want to be perfectly clear that the only thing that's being asked in the Petition,", "0F2jdODNpno-00832-00355919-00356327": "as I understand it, deals with non-polymerics, not polymerics, correct?", "0F2jdODNpno-00833-00356327-00356425": "MS. GARTNER: That's correct.", "0F2jdODNpno-00834-00356425-00356603": "COMMISSIONER ROBINSON: Additive, not reactive, right?", "0F2jdODNpno-00835-00356603-00356708": "MS. GARTNER: That's correct.", "0F2jdODNpno-00836-00356708-00357250": "COMMISSIONER ROBINSON: And when we're talking about electronic devices, when you're talking", "0F2jdODNpno-00837-00357250-00357562": "about the products, the others are very clear, but I want to be perfectly clear in this,", "0F2jdODNpno-00838-00357562-00358002": "you're not talking about any flame retardants inside the electronics", "0F2jdODNpno-00839-00358002-00358115": "but only the casings, correct?", "0F2jdODNpno-00840-00358115-00358184": "MS. GARTNER: That's correct.", "0F2jdODNpno-00841-00358184-00358242": "COMMISSIONER ROBINSON: Okay.", "0F2jdODNpno-00842-00358242-00358736": "And hopefully we'll be able to limit all of the presentations today to just those that are", "0F2jdODNpno-00843-00358736-00358964": "within the subject areas of the Petition.", "0F2jdODNpno-00844-00358964-00359525": "The other thing, Dr. Balan, I would like to ask you because we're being asked not only", "0F2jdODNpno-00845-00359525-00360096": "to ban products that are in existence that are non-polymeric,", "0F2jdODNpno-00846-00360096-00360676": "additive organohalogen flame retardants but we're also being asked to ban products", "0F2jdODNpno-00847-00360676-00361194": "that might be created in the future that are in this category and not being a scientist,", "0F2jdODNpno-00848-00361194-00361910": "I need you to tell me whether you can think of any situation in which a chemical,", "0F2jdODNpno-00849-00361910-00362557": "a flame retardant, could be invented that met these criteria", "0F2jdODNpno-00850-00362557-00363114": "that did not have the same endpoint of toxicity that the group", "0F2jdODNpno-00851-00363114-00363419": "that is in existence now apparently has.", "0F2jdODNpno-00852-00363419-00363633": "DR. BALAN: Yeah.", "0F2jdODNpno-00853-00363633-00364244": "I think so the -- we're taking, you know, regrettable substitution,", "0F2jdODNpno-00854-00364244-00364663": "you've heard all about that, the problem with regrettable substitution, and,", "0F2jdODNpno-00855-00364663-00365199": "as Dr. Birnbaum said before, there are different toxicity endpoints", "0F2jdODNpno-00856-00365199-00365768": "for these organohalogen flame retardants, but they do all have certain things in common", "0F2jdODNpno-00857-00365768-00366089": "and it's too bad Dr. Diamond could not speak", "0F2jdODNpno-00858-00366089-00366621": "because she has studied the physical-chemical properties of organohalogen flame retardants", "0F2jdODNpno-00859-00366621-00367302": "and knows that they tend to all share the properties of persistence and bio-accumulation.", "0F2jdODNpno-00860-00367302-00367772": "So we will have those chemicals in our bodies and by the time we get them in our bodies", "0F2jdODNpno-00861-00367772-00368080": "and the environment, it will take a very long time for us to determine", "0F2jdODNpno-00862-00368080-00368553": "if they have harmful human health effects, so.", "0F2jdODNpno-00863-00368553-00368851": "COMMISSIONER ROBINSON: And would you expect any of the chemicals", "0F2jdODNpno-00864-00368851-00369298": "within this category to be an SBOC?", "0F2jdODNpno-00865-00369298-00369693": "DR. BALAN: Yes, that is what Dr. Diamond's research has shown and,", "0F2jdODNpno-00866-00369693-00370310": "as I said in my testimony, organohalogens in general will tend to enter our cells", "0F2jdODNpno-00867-00370310-00370642": "and be there for a long time and have potential to cause toxicity.", "0F2jdODNpno-00868-00370642-00371025": "COMMISSIONER ROBINSON: You're speaking of the lipophilic characteristic?", "0F2jdODNpno-00869-00371025-00371165": "DR. BALAN: Yes.", "0F2jdODNpno-00870-00371165-00371489": "The ones that have phosphates in them, so the halogen organophosphates,", "0F2jdODNpno-00871-00371489-00371918": "those are not lipophilics, so they don't tend to bio-accumulate as much.", "0F2jdODNpno-00872-00371918-00372480": "They're more water-soluble but they are also not recognized by our cell defenses", "0F2jdODNpno-00873-00372480-00372928": "and they can have similar -- they can similarly bypass our defenses", "0F2jdODNpno-00874-00372928-00373081": "and get into the cells to cause toxic effects.", "0F2jdODNpno-00875-00373081-00373344": "COMMISSIONER ROBINSON: I think that's all I have.", "0F2jdODNpno-00876-00373344-00373480": "Thank you very much.", "0F2jdODNpno-00877-00373480-00373811": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: As I understand it, we now have Dr. Diamond on the phone.", "0F2jdODNpno-00878-00373811-00373965": "Am I correct in saying that?", "0F2jdODNpno-00879-00373965-00374086": "DR. DIAMOND: Yes.", "0F2jdODNpno-00880-00374086-00374283": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: Oh, wonderful.", "0F2jdODNpno-00881-00374283-00374496": "DR. DIAMOND: Oh, my goodness.", "0F2jdODNpno-00882-00374496-00374591": "That was stressful.", "0F2jdODNpno-00883-00374591-00374719": "I kept calling out.", "0F2jdODNpno-00884-00374719-00375053": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: Well, it's stressful for us, too.", "0F2jdODNpno-00885-00375053-00375490": "But, anyway, thank you for agreeing to testify and you may now begin.", "0F2jdODNpno-00886-00375490-00375576": "You'll have five minutes.", "0F2jdODNpno-00887-00375576-00376129": "DR. DIAMOND: Thank you very much for this opportunity to appear before you by phone.", "0F2jdODNpno-00888-00376129-00376287": "My name is Miriam Diamond.", "0F2jdODNpno-00889-00376287-00376685": "I'm a professor at the University of Toronto for the past 25 years,", "0F2jdODNpno-00890-00376685-00377176": "of which 15 of those years I've spent looking at flame retardants,", "0F2jdODNpno-00891-00377176-00377493": "both through measurements and through modeling.", "0F2jdODNpno-00892-00377493-00377710": "I'd like to make three points.", "0F2jdODNpno-00893-00377710-00378218": "The first point is the nature, the physical-chemical properties of the compounds,", "0F2jdODNpno-00894-00378218-00378806": "that they're semi-volatile organic compounds, coupled with the fact that they're additive.", "0F2jdODNpno-00895-00378806-00379263": "The fact that they're semi-volatile organic compounds means that they can exist both", "0F2jdODNpno-00896-00379263-00379727": "in the solid phase, that is, like as the additive into the polymer,", "0F2jdODNpno-00897-00379727-00379954": "and in the gas phase at the same time.", "0F2jdODNpno-00898-00379954-00380635": "It's inevitable because of this volatility, the tendency for the chemical to go into the air.", "0F2jdODNpno-00899-00380635-00381215": "It's inevitable that the chemical will escape from the polymer and enter", "0F2jdODNpno-00900-00381215-00381572": "into the air in the indoor environment.", "0F2jdODNpno-00901-00381572-00382107": "Now from the indoor air, they will then partition into surfaces.", "0F2jdODNpno-00902-00382107-00382830": "So the first point is it's inevitable that these compounds will slowly migrate from the polymer", "0F2jdODNpno-00903-00382830-00383265": "to which they're added into the environment, be it indoors or outdoors.", "0F2jdODNpno-00904-00383265-00383768": "The second point I'd like to make is that the compounds are persistent.", "0F2jdODNpno-00905-00383768-00384303": "Organic compounds break down by the action of sunlight, extreme temperatures, and microbes.", "0F2jdODNpno-00906-00384303-00385009": "The organohalogens are very persistent and that's outdoors where they persist anywhere,", "0F2jdODNpno-00907-00385009-00385401": "depending on the compound, for months to decades.", "0F2jdODNpno-00908-00385401-00385858": "So indoors, where we don't have sunlight, we don't have extreme temperatures,", "0F2jdODNpno-00909-00385858-00386219": "and we don't have as many microbes, they're extremely persistent.", "0F2jdODNpno-00910-00386219-00386562": "There are very few opportunities for loss.", "0F2jdODNpno-00911-00386562-00387117": "Couple that with the fact that it's inevitable that they will continue to be emitted", "0F2jdODNpno-00912-00387117-00387648": "from the polymer as long as that polymer is in the environment,", "0F2jdODNpno-00913-00387648-00388225": "you'll continue to have emissions indoors and persistence of the compound.", "0F2jdODNpno-00914-00388225-00388924": "The third point I would like to make is that because of these properties, we're exposed.", "0F2jdODNpno-00915-00388924-00389160": "We're exposed in several ways.", "0F2jdODNpno-00916-00389160-00389817": "We can directly touch the polymer and because it's not chemically bonded, some small", "0F2jdODNpno-00917-00389817-00390163": "but significant fraction of the chemical will come off", "0F2jdODNpno-00918-00390163-00390566": "on your hands and we've done testing on that.", "0F2jdODNpno-00919-00390566-00391039": "Secondly, the chemical, because it's semi-volatile,", "0F2jdODNpno-00920-00391039-00391448": "will tend to absorb on to surfaces.", "0F2jdODNpno-00921-00391448-00391922": "Now those surfaces include toys, includes your clothing.", "0F2jdODNpno-00922-00391922-00392169": "It includes your skin.", "0F2jdODNpno-00923-00392169-00392302": "It includes the floor.", "0F2jdODNpno-00924-00392302-00392457": "It includes dust.", "0F2jdODNpno-00925-00392457-00393040": "We have opportunities through hand-to-mouth contact for direct exposure from, for example,", "0F2jdODNpno-00926-00393040-00393644": "we touch the casing of our TV or computer, get the flame retardant on our hands", "0F2jdODNpno-00927-00393644-00394196": "through the casing, through the dust on there, transfer it to our mouth.", "0F2jdODNpno-00928-00394196-00394516": "So we're exposed in multiple ways.", "0F2jdODNpno-00929-00394516-00394699": "Now I think I have one more minute.", "0F2jdODNpno-00930-00394699-00394873": "So I just want to make a final point.", "0F2jdODNpno-00931-00394873-00395057": "This is actually the fourth point.", "0F2jdODNpno-00932-00395057-00395416": "One thing we don't tend to -- COMMISSIONER ADLER: You actually have two minutes.", "0F2jdODNpno-00933-00395416-00395714": "DR. DIAMOND: Am I out of time?", "0F2jdODNpno-00934-00395714-00395831": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: No.", "0F2jdODNpno-00935-00395831-00395897": "You have two minutes.", "0F2jdODNpno-00936-00395897-00395976": "DR. DIAMOND: Two minutes?", "0F2jdODNpno-00937-00395976-00396262": "Then I can have a leisurely fourth point.", "0F2jdODNpno-00938-00396262-00396860": "The fourth point is that we don't tend to think of the end of life and I recognize", "0F2jdODNpno-00939-00396860-00397286": "that you're regulating for fire safety in this point but it behooves us to think", "0F2jdODNpno-00940-00397286-00397738": "of what happens to these products, particularly electronic products.", "0F2jdODNpno-00941-00397738-00398148": "The plastic polymers are a hot commodity.", "0F2jdODNpno-00942-00398148-00399018": "They're purchased after the plastic -- the electronic products go into the waste stream.", "0F2jdODNpno-00943-00399018-00399614": "So there's a vigorous market for those polymers that contain flame retardants.", "0F2jdODNpno-00944-00399614-00400051": "Some of those polymers happen to come back to us in other products,", "0F2jdODNpno-00945-00400051-00400471": "including kitchen utensils and other kitchen items.", "0F2jdODNpno-00946-00400471-00400965": "For example, I have measured in my own kitchen spoons and the presence of PBDEs", "0F2jdODNpno-00947-00400965-00401761": "that could not have been intentionally added to kitchen spoons and we've done subsequent testing", "0F2jdODNpno-00948-00401761-00402487": "to find that other plastic products, such as kitchen spoons, have flame retardants in them.", "0F2jdODNpno-00949-00402487-00403180": "So to summarize, it's inevitable that these compounds as a class will migrate", "0F2jdODNpno-00950-00403180-00404093": "out of products and in effect sort of smear the indoor environment and all the surfaces", "0F2jdODNpno-00951-00404093-00404398": "in the indoor environment with those chemicals.", "0F2jdODNpno-00952-00404398-00404703": "And with that, I'd like to thank you very much for taking me off mute", "0F2jdODNpno-00953-00404703-00404917": "and allowing me the opportunity to present.", "0F2jdODNpno-00954-00404917-00405120": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: Thank you so much.", "0F2jdODNpno-00955-00405120-00405589": "I now will move to Commissioner Buerkle for questions and I did want", "0F2jdODNpno-00956-00405589-00405842": "to make one note about an exception.", "0F2jdODNpno-00957-00405842-00406497": "Because Commissioner Robinson and I were not able to ask you questions,", "0F2jdODNpno-00958-00406497-00406789": "I'm going to permit her, after we've gone", "0F2jdODNpno-00959-00406789-00407088": "through these questions, another minute for a question.", "0F2jdODNpno-00960-00407088-00407388": "But in the moment, Commissioner Buerkle?", "0F2jdODNpno-00961-00407388-00407785": "COMMISSIONER BUERKLE: Thank you and thanks to all of our panelists for being here today.", "0F2jdODNpno-00962-00407785-00407997": "We do appreciate your testimony.", "0F2jdODNpno-00963-00407997-00408314": "I just have a couple of questions, one for Mr. Wallace.", "0F2jdODNpno-00964-00408314-00408848": "Mr. Wallace, in your testimony, you suggest that all of the four categories of products", "0F2jdODNpno-00965-00408848-00409452": "that are included in the Petition include large amounts of these organohalogens.", "0F2jdODNpno-00966-00409452-00409809": "Can you just describe for me what you consider a large amount?", "0F2jdODNpno-00967-00409809-00409921": "Is it a certain percentage?", "0F2jdODNpno-00968-00409921-00409979": "What is the number?", "0F2jdODNpno-00969-00409979-00410218": "MR. WALLACE: It's not a certain percentage.", "0F2jdODNpno-00970-00410218-00410614": "It's our assessment, based on our -- when we assessed the Petition,", "0F2jdODNpno-00971-00410614-00410980": "to see if we would be signing on and supporting it.", "0F2jdODNpno-00972-00410980-00411666": "Our scientists in our office in D.C. concluded that the science was compelling.", "0F2jdODNpno-00973-00411666-00411754": "COMMISSIONER BUERKLE: Okay.", "0F2jdODNpno-00974-00411754-00412201": "Well, because we have such a limited time, we'll probably follow up with questions but thank you.", "0F2jdODNpno-00975-00412201-00412489": "Ms. Gartner, I have a couple questions for you.", "0F2jdODNpno-00976-00412489-00412934": "Number 1, in your testimony, you suggested that --", "0F2jdODNpno-00977-00412934-00413739": "so if a product is declared a banned hazardous substance, that then under Section 15,", "0F2jdODNpno-00978-00413739-00414222": "we could take action, and I'm just wondering what you suggest --", "0F2jdODNpno-00979-00414222-00414352": "what you're suggesting by that.", "0F2jdODNpno-00980-00414352-00414759": "A recall or what was -- MS. GARTNER: Relating to the legacy uses?", "0F2jdODNpno-00981-00414759-00414856": "COMMISSIONER BUERKLE: Yes.", "0F2jdODNpno-00982-00414856-00414925": "MS. GARTNER: Yeah.", "0F2jdODNpno-00983-00414925-00415381": "So I read that section through a few times and, I mean, obviously you have more experience", "0F2jdODNpno-00984-00415381-00415784": "with that and I'm not making a particular recommendation at this time", "0F2jdODNpno-00985-00415784-00416139": "but it could be a recall, it could be a notice, it could --", "0F2jdODNpno-00986-00416139-00416376": "it wouldn't have to be a full recall.", "0F2jdODNpno-00987-00416376-00416675": "There could be replacement foam cushions for sofas.", "0F2jdODNpno-00988-00416675-00417362": "I think there's a variety of authorities that you have and I haven't --", "0F2jdODNpno-00989-00417362-00417972": "I probably haven't given it as much thought as I could but I do know you have the authority", "0F2jdODNpno-00990-00417972-00418514": "to address the legacy exposures from chemicals that are already in people's homes.", "0F2jdODNpno-00991-00418514-00418655": "COMMISSIONER BUERKLE: Thank you very much.", "0F2jdODNpno-00992-00418655-00419077": "And then a second question is currently, the Commission is dealing", "0F2jdODNpno-00993-00419077-00419352": "with phthalates, another -- yeah.", "0F2jdODNpno-00994-00419352-00420017": "We've been advised to -- and the scientists, as we're going through this analysis, to divide up", "0F2jdODNpno-00995-00420017-00420395": "and make distinctions between groups and I'd like to ask your opinion.", "0F2jdODNpno-00996-00420395-00420614": "Why isn't that appropriate in this situation?", "0F2jdODNpno-00997-00420614-00421027": "Why aren't we asking to ban all of these products?", "0F2jdODNpno-00998-00421027-00421297": "MS. GARTNER: Right.", "0F2jdODNpno-00999-00421297-00421674": "Well, under -- can you say more about what when you say by groups?", "0F2jdODNpno-01000-00421674-00422149": "COMMISSIONER BUERKLE: Well, some phthalates have been identified as fine and others are banned", "0F2jdODNpno-01001-00422149-00422371": "and right now, there's a group of them -- there's an interim ban -- MS. GARTNER: Right.", "0F2jdODNpno-01002-00422371-00422638": "COMMISSIONER BUERKLE: -- and those are the ones we're making the decision on.", "0F2jdODNpno-01003-00422638-00422839": "MS. GARTNER: So I think with the phthalates, you looked at --", "0F2jdODNpno-01004-00422839-00423310": "the CHAP that was convened looked at a particular endpoint", "0F2jdODNpno-01005-00423310-00423968": "and that endpoint was male reproduction and so the proposal is to ban the phthalates", "0F2jdODNpno-01006-00423968-00424299": "that act on that particular endpoint.", "0F2jdODNpno-01007-00424299-00424651": "So what we're saying here, what Dr. Birnbaum said and what Dr. Balan have said,", "0F2jdODNpno-01008-00424651-00425255": "is that the organohalogens as a class, the organohalogen flame retardants,", "0F2jdODNpno-01009-00425255-00425437": "they operate on multiple endpoints.", "0F2jdODNpno-01010-00425437-00425914": "So we're not saying just look at the carcinogenic effect", "0F2jdODNpno-01011-00425914-00426243": "or just look at the neurotoxic effect.", "0F2jdODNpno-01012-00426243-00426428": "Many of them are neurotoxic.", "0F2jdODNpno-01013-00426428-00426624": "Many of them are carcinogenic.", "0F2jdODNpno-01014-00426624-00427335": "They're not a hundred percent all carcinogenic but all of them, because of this bond", "0F2jdODNpno-01015-00427335-00427703": "and other physical-chemical properties that I'll leave to the scientists to describe,", "0F2jdODNpno-01016-00427703-00428338": "all of them have toxicity and meet the standard under the FHSA as being a hazardous substance.", "0F2jdODNpno-01017-00428338-00428612": "They don't all operate in exactly the same way", "0F2jdODNpno-01018-00428612-00428893": "but all of them meet the definition of hazardous substance.", "0F2jdODNpno-01019-00428893-00429028": "COMMISSIONER BUERKLE: Thank you very much.", "0F2jdODNpno-01020-00429028-00429401": "And, Dr. Blum, for you, as well, I have one question.", "0F2jdODNpno-01021-00429401-00430039": "You mentioned some of these chemicals being bio-accumulative and I'm wondering", "0F2jdODNpno-01022-00430039-00430449": "when they're bio-accumulative, does it necessarily mean", "0F2jdODNpno-01023-00430449-00430803": "that there is some risk of exposure with that chemical?", "0F2jdODNpno-01024-00430803-00431510": "DR. BLUM: Well, it means that they stay in organisms for a very long time", "0F2jdODNpno-01025-00431510-00431813": "and the levels go up as you go up the food chain.", "0F2jdODNpno-01026-00431813-00432680": "So, for example, these chemicals are often in wastewater and they wash into the ocean", "0F2jdODNpno-01027-00432680-00433146": "where very small creatures eat them and the larger creatures eat the small creatures", "0F2jdODNpno-01028-00433146-00433779": "and get higher levels and then fish get a higher level and finally you end up with marine mammals", "0F2jdODNpno-01029-00433779-00434309": "who are quite bio-accumulative and the highest levels in the world, for example,", "0F2jdODNpno-01030-00434309-00435252": "of PBDEs are in marine mammals around California, where we have the most PBDEs,", "0F2jdODNpno-01031-00435252-00435667": "and they tend to be lipophilic is the reason.", "0F2jdODNpno-01032-00435667-00435960": "So they do stay in our bodies a very long time", "0F2jdODNpno-01033-00435960-00436541": "and all other organisms continue to be exposed to them.", "0F2jdODNpno-01034-00436541-00436822": "COMMISSIONER BUERKLE: Thank you.", "0F2jdODNpno-01035-00436822-00437164": "Again, though, we can have a future conversation, I'm sure, maybe in a QFR,", "0F2jdODNpno-01036-00437164-00437710": "but with regards to even with that kind of accumulation that you've described for us,", "0F2jdODNpno-01037-00437710-00438114": "does that necessarily mean that there are adverse consequences", "0F2jdODNpno-01038-00438114-00438372": "to exposure but I think my time is up.", "0F2jdODNpno-01039-00438372-00438483": "Thank you all very much.", "0F2jdODNpno-01040-00438483-00438693": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: Commissioner Mohorovic?", "0F2jdODNpno-01041-00438693-00438985": "COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: Thank you, Mr. Chairman, and thank you, Petitioners,", "0F2jdODNpno-01042-00438985-00439479": "for making the suggestion to the agency and the depth and the quality of your Petition as well", "0F2jdODNpno-01043-00439479-00439760": "as your availability to myself and the Commission", "0F2jdODNpno-01044-00439760-00440045": "to answer questions about your suggestion.", "0F2jdODNpno-01045-00440045-00440439": "I'm interested in the demand drivers for flame retardants and the incorporation", "0F2jdODNpno-01046-00440439-00440750": "of the four product sectors that you've identified and,", "0F2jdODNpno-01047-00440750-00441164": "leaving aside the children's products, electronics, and mattresses,", "0F2jdODNpno-01048-00441164-00441547": "and to focus just on upholstered furniture, if we could, for a moment,", "0F2jdODNpno-01049-00441547-00442124": "it's generally understood that California Technical Bulletin 117-75, of course,", "0F2jdODNpno-01050-00442124-00442725": "again before the 2013 revisions, was a significant demand driver for the incorporation", "0F2jdODNpno-01051-00442725-00443222": "of significant amount of flame retardants to be able to meet that very difficult standard", "0F2jdODNpno-01052-00443222-00443672": "that was the rule/law in California.", "0F2jdODNpno-01053-00443672-00444567": "Since then, there's been a 2013 version, so California Technical Bulletin 117-13,", "0F2jdODNpno-01054-00444567-00445288": "that has made that standard available to be met through the usage of barriers", "0F2jdODNpno-01055-00445288-00445943": "and other technologies that doesn't require the significant incorporation of flame retardants.", "0F2jdODNpno-01056-00445943-00446360": "I have one question for each of the Petitioners and for brevity,", "0F2jdODNpno-01057-00446360-00446655": "I would ask you to answer yes, no, or no comment.", "0F2jdODNpno-01058-00446655-00447180": "Would you support the Commission adopting Technical Bulletin 117-13", "0F2jdODNpno-01059-00447180-00447606": "as a national mandatory standard for upholstered furniture?", "0F2jdODNpno-01060-00447606-00447672": "Mr. Wallace?", "0F2jdODNpno-01061-00447672-00447900": "MR. WALLACE: I have to get back to you.", "0F2jdODNpno-01062-00447900-00448177": "COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: I guess that would be no comment.", "0F2jdODNpno-01063-00448177-00448335": "MR. WALLACE: No comment.", "0F2jdODNpno-01064-00448335-00448425": "MS. GARTNER: Yes.", "0F2jdODNpno-01065-00448425-00448606": "DR. BALAN: Yes.", "0F2jdODNpno-01066-00448606-00448997": "COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: Dr. Blum?", "0F2jdODNpno-01067-00448997-00449216": "DR. BLUM: Yes, I would support it.", "0F2jdODNpno-01068-00449216-00449468": "COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: Dr. Diamond?", "0F2jdODNpno-01069-00449468-00449709": "DR. DIAMOND: Miriam Diamond, yes.", "0F2jdODNpno-01070-00449709-00449909": "COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: Thank you very much.", "0F2jdODNpno-01071-00449909-00450326": "In my previous -- in the previous panel, we talked about the exposure pathways", "0F2jdODNpno-01072-00450326-00450726": "with the upholstered furniture and the study that was done and I'm now informed", "0F2jdODNpno-01073-00450726-00451572": "that that was limited to dermal exposure and I was wondering if you have any additional study", "0F2jdODNpno-01074-00451572-00452164": "or information on the exposure pathway that might better inform our staff's analysis", "0F2jdODNpno-01075-00452164-00452584": "to determine risk assessment, which would be the threshold that we would have", "0F2jdODNpno-01076-00452584-00452913": "to meet in order to ban moving forward.", "0F2jdODNpno-01077-00452913-00453468": "Do you have anything with regards to exposure pathways from other means", "0F2jdODNpno-01078-00453468-00453853": "for the four product categories that are identified in the Petition?", "0F2jdODNpno-01079-00453853-00454547": "Any of the panelists may jump in if they have something.", "0F2jdODNpno-01080-00454547-00455037": "DR. BALAN: So currently, the biggest exposure route is", "0F2jdODNpno-01081-00455037-00455489": "through inhalation of contaminated dust.", "0F2jdODNpno-01082-00455489-00456159": "Dermal exposure has also recently been shown to be a significant exposure route, as well.", "0F2jdODNpno-01083-00456159-00456743": "Inhalation is also important but I think the hand-to-mouth contact is", "0F2jdODNpno-01084-00456743-00457231": "in general the biggest source and including hand-to-mouth", "0F2jdODNpno-01085-00457231-00457496": "from contaminated dust and from product.", "0F2jdODNpno-01086-00457496-00458092": "So there have been studies showing that touching electronics and then bringing the hands", "0F2jdODNpno-01087-00458092-00458572": "to the mouth can create exposure and also when the electronics heat up,", "0F2jdODNpno-01088-00458572-00459003": "the casings release more of these flame retardants in the dust.", "0F2jdODNpno-01089-00459003-00459125": "COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: Thank you.", "0F2jdODNpno-01090-00459125-00459312": "Dr. Blum or Dr. Diamond?", "0F2jdODNpno-01091-00459312-00459625": "DR. BLUM: Can you hear me?", "0F2jdODNpno-01092-00459625-00459972": "COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: Yes.", "0F2jdODNpno-01093-00459972-00460114": "DR. BLUM: Okay.", "0F2jdODNpno-01094-00460114-00460780": "Well, there was a very large EPA study about four-five years ago that dealt with Penta BDE.", "0F2jdODNpno-01095-00460780-00461430": "I believe 80 percent of the exposure was from dust and there's been a number", "0F2jdODNpno-01096-00461430-00462047": "of studies recently, sadly, finding that children's levels of Penta BDE", "0F2jdODNpno-01097-00462047-00462725": "and tris are three to five times higher than their parents, which is believe to be due", "0F2jdODNpno-01098-00462725-00463427": "to hand-to-mouth contact, which is also further showing that dust exposure", "0F2jdODNpno-01099-00463427-00463710": "through hand-to-mouth contact is really a large source,", "0F2jdODNpno-01100-00463710-00464035": "given how much higher children's exposure is.", "0F2jdODNpno-01101-00464035-00464352": "It's a very unfortunate fact that it is that high.", "0F2jdODNpno-01102-00464352-00464789": "COMMISSIONER MOHOROVIC: Thank you, Dr. Blum.", "0F2jdODNpno-01103-00464789-00465097": "And, you know, we know that the dose makes the poison.", "0F2jdODNpno-01104-00465097-00465397": "Is there any of those studies included --", "0F2jdODNpno-01105-00465397-00465912": "I recognize and it sounds like the studies have proven that that is a pathway,", "0F2jdODNpno-01106-00465912-00466276": "dermal oral hand-to-mouth, as well as inhalation.", "0F2jdODNpno-01107-00466276-00466695": "Has there been any studies to understand the rate with which we might be able", "0F2jdODNpno-01108-00466695-00467189": "to determine risk assessment outside of just an acknowledgement", "0F2jdODNpno-01109-00467189-00467631": "that it is a pathway for exposure?", "0F2jdODNpno-01110-00467631-00467878": "DR. DIAMOND: Yes, and it's Miriam Diamond.", "0F2jdODNpno-01111-00467878-00468453": "I'd like to add one other exposure pathway and that's through directly mouthing materials", "0F2jdODNpno-01112-00468453-00468654": "that have the flame retardant absorbed.", "0F2jdODNpno-01113-00468654-00469357": "For example, the flame retardant will go from dust and from air on to the surface of the toy", "0F2jdODNpno-01114-00469357-00469833": "or clothing that can be mouthed and that could actually be a significant exposure pathway.", "0F2jdODNpno-01115-00469833-00470725": "The U.S. EPA has exposure pathway levels so that the risk assessment can be done.", "0F2jdODNpno-01116-00470725-00471280": "I think what's unclear is that the dust -- we know that there is exposure through dust", "0F2jdODNpno-01117-00471280-00471891": "but we also appreciate the dust is probably acting as proxy, which is the levels indoors", "0F2jdODNpno-01118-00471891-00472475": "to which we're exposed, depending on the particular activities of the individual,", "0F2jdODNpno-01119-00472475-00473152": "and as Dr. Blum mentioned, children tend to be in contact with dust more often than adults", "0F2jdODNpno-01120-00473152-00473733": "and also tend to mouth products more frequently, leading to those higher exposures.", "0F2jdODNpno-01121-00473733-00474130": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: I will now ask Commissioner Robinson", "0F2jdODNpno-01122-00474130-00474506": "if she has any further questions for Dr. Diamond?", "0F2jdODNpno-01123-00474506-00474731": "COMMISSIONER ROBINSON: Thank you, Commissioner Adler.", "0F2jdODNpno-01124-00474731-00475097": "I'm only going to follow up on what Dr. Balan said, Dr. Diamond,", "0F2jdODNpno-01125-00475097-00475682": "that you would be the more appropriate witness to ask this of, and as you know,", "0F2jdODNpno-01126-00475682-00476500": "we're being asked to ban an entire category or group of chemicals based on information we have", "0F2jdODNpno-01127-00476500-00477059": "about only a few of them and we're being asked to ban future products that fall", "0F2jdODNpno-01128-00477059-00477464": "within the category of non-polymeric additive organohalogens.", "0F2jdODNpno-01129-00477464-00478074": "And my question of you, given the fact that I'm not a scientist, is can you imagine", "0F2jdODNpno-01130-00478074-00478414": "that a product could be created that would fall into the category", "0F2jdODNpno-01131-00478414-00479075": "of non-polymeric additive organohalogen that would not have the same endpoints that these", "0F2jdODNpno-01132-00479075-00479710": "that we've studied do have in terms of the SBOC, the persistence of bio-accumulative,", "0F2jdODNpno-01133-00479710-00480168": "the hydrophobic aspect, and the resulting toxicity?", "0F2jdODNpno-01134-00480168-00480839": "DR. DIAMOND: And the quick answer to that is no and the reason is that the very --", "0F2jdODNpno-01135-00480839-00481638": "the properties that are favored for the compound to be a flame retardant are the same properties", "0F2jdODNpno-01136-00481638-00482379": "that lead to persistence bio-accumulative nature and potential toxicity.", "0F2jdODNpno-01137-00482379-00482542": "COMMISSIONER ROBINSON: Thank you.", "0F2jdODNpno-01138-00482542-00482913": "COMMISSIONER ADLER: At that, we are now going to take a break.", "0F2jdODNpno-01139-00482913-00483683": "We're actually ahead of time, miracle of miracles, and we will reconvene at 10:45.", "0F2jdODNpno-01140-00483683-00483791": "Thank you all so much."}}, {"audio_id": "0F5A7THoGp0", "text": {"0F5A7THoGp0-00000-00000125-00000350": "W. Marston Linehan: Thank you very much.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00001-00000350-00001104": "On behalf of Paul Spellman and myself, and the rest of the members of the Papillary Renal", "0F5A7THoGp0-00002-00001104-00001867": "Cell Carcinoma Working Group -- Analysis Working Group, we want to really thank the NCI and", "0F5A7THoGp0-00003-00001867-00002349": "NHGRI for putting this together.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00004-00002349-00002844": "On a personal note, as a urologic surgeon who’s worked on the genetic basis of kidney", "0F5A7THoGp0-00005-00002844-00003622": "cancer for 31 years now, I would say this project, and the previous project we worked", "0F5A7THoGp0-00006-00003622-00004320": "on, the TCGA clear cell, and the TCGA chromophobe kidney cancer really are sort of a dream a", "0F5A7THoGp0-00007-00004320-00004534": "lifetime.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00008-00004534-00005059": "So what we’re going to talk about is the comprehensive molecular characterization of", "0F5A7THoGp0-00009-00005059-00005330": "papillary kidney cancer.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00010-00005330-00005589": "Just for background, kidney cancer is not kidney cancer.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00011-00005589-00006259": "It is a number of different types of cancer that happened to occur in this organ; different", "0F5A7THoGp0-00012-00006259-00006476": "histologies, different clinical courses.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00013-00006476-00006904": "We talk a little bit about the genetic basis of them obviously.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00014-00006904-00007533": "What we’re talking about today is papillary kidney cancer which makes up 15 percent of", "0F5A7THoGp0-00015-00007533-00007722": "kidney cancer.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00016-00007722-00008239": "And what we knew when we started this project, what has been a given for a long time, about", "0F5A7THoGp0-00017-00008239-00008865": "25 years now, is that papillary kidney cancer roughly is divided into two types -- type", "0F5A7THoGp0-00018-00008865-00009418": "1 and type 2 papillary kidney cancer.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00019-00009418-00010063": "Type 1, from a clinical point of view, is a relatively homogeneous disease, appears", "0F5A7THoGp0-00020-00010063-00010548": "clinically to be more indolent then type 2 kidney cancer.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00021-00010548-00011297": "At this point, in May of 2015, by the way, we have no effective forms of therapy for", "0F5A7THoGp0-00022-00011297-00011547": "any type of papillary kidney cancer.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00023-00011547-00012021": "The NCCN guidelines -- if a patient comes to someone like me with advanced papillary", "0F5A7THoGp0-00024-00012021-00012328": "kidney cancer, is to put him on an experimental trial.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00025-00012328-00012778": "We have seven drugs approved for kidney cancer primarily targeting to the VHL pathway.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00026-00012778-00013136": "In clear cell kidney cancer, we have no drugs for this.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00027-00013136-00013808": "Now, what we know, or the field has known most about the genetic basis of papillary", "0F5A7THoGp0-00028-00013808-00014269": "kidney cancer really comes from a couple hereditary types of kidney cancer, the first one being", "0F5A7THoGp0-00029-00014269-00014894": "this hereditary papillary renal carcinoma, HPRC, which is the inherited form of type", "0F5A7THoGp0-00030-00014894-00015187": "1 papillary kidney cancer.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00031-00015187-00015428": "The gene for this of course is MET.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00032-00015428-00016015": "In all of those families we find MET mutations in the -- activating MET mutations in the", "0F5A7THoGp0-00033-00016015-00016633": "tyrosine kinase domain, and a few MET mutations had been found in sporadic papillary kidney", "0F5A7THoGp0-00034-00016633-00016898": "cancer prior to the starting of this study.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00035-00016898-00017484": "Now, most of us who manage patients, you look at type 2 papillary kidney cancer, you say,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00036-00017484-00017780": "\"My word, that is a very heterogeneous disease.\"", "0F5A7THoGp0-00037-00017780-00018481": "At the NCI, we even refer to them sometimes as non-type 1 to tell ourselves we really", "0F5A7THoGp0-00038-00018481-00018700": "don’t understand these cancers very well.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00039-00018700-00019237": "You could think of -- you could say clinically and phenotypically that these must be about", "0F5A7THoGp0-00040-00019237-00019658": "three or four different types of cancer and we’ll talk about that.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00041-00019658-00020169": "Again what’s been known a little bit has been found from studying hereditary types", "0F5A7THoGp0-00042-00020169-00020750": "of this, of type 2 papillary kidney cancer, a disorder called hereditary leiomyomatosis", "0F5A7THoGp0-00043-00020750-00021311": "renal cell cancer, very aggressive form of type 2 papillary kidney cancer, caused by", "0F5A7THoGp0-00044-00021311-00021823": "a mutation of the Krebs cycle enzyme fumarate hydratase.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00045-00021823-00022656": "So, in this analysis, of course, 161 samples, looked at copy numbers, somatic mutation analysis,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00046-00022656-00023114": "methylation, mRNA, microRNA, and protein expression analysis.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00047-00023114-00023631": "We will not talk about whole genome sequencing in this talk.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00048-00023631-00024084": "So, initially, then, we had a lot of discussion about this -- I'm going to say a little controversy", "0F5A7THoGp0-00049-00024084-00024515": "about it -- whether we should actually have our pathologists look at these and characterize", "0F5A7THoGp0-00050-00024515-00024615": "them.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00051-00024615-00024983": "We decided as a group that it was the thing to do because that's what we do clinically,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00052-00024983-00025309": "and so we think about these, and we think they're very different.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00053-00025309-00025791": "So, we put together a group of expert pathologists, really are expert pathologists?", "0F5A7THoGp0-00054-00025791-00026308": "I would say the five best kidney cancer pathologists, I would say in the world, but we'll say in", "0F5A7THoGp0-00055-00026308-00026474": "the U.S.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00056-00026474-00026902": "And they looked -- did an incredible job, looked at these, had a single slide to look", "0F5A7THoGp0-00057-00026902-00027358": "at -- all were frozen, so it's not perfect -- but they did a great job -- characterized", "0F5A7THoGp0-00058-00027358-00028083": "75 of them as type 1 papillary kidney cancer, 60 as type 2 papillary kidney cancer, and", "0F5A7THoGp0-00059-00028083-00028244": "26 they really couldn't call.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00060-00028244-00028425": "They called them unclassified.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00061-00028425-00028983": "And I think it was their sense and our sense that most likely most of the unclassifieds", "0F5A7THoGp0-00062-00028983-00029233": "were actually type 2.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00063-00029233-00029574": "Now, initial analysis, looking at copy numbers.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00064-00029574-00029802": "So we looked at copy numbers.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00065-00029802-00030133": "There were basically three different clusters.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00066-00030133-00030851": "Cluster one was relatively stable genomically, a few numbers of gains and losses.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00067-00030851-00031137": "If you looked at cluster two, very different.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00068-00031137-00031795": "You most notably, big time, increase -- copy chromosome 7.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00069-00031795-00032030": "Also some 16 and 17.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00070-00032030-00032580": "But the big thing here, in cluster two, is increase copy number 7.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00071-00032580-00033231": "For cluster three, a lot of deletions, a very genomically -- you might say -- unstable type", "0F5A7THoGp0-00072-00033231-00033368": "of kidney cancer.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00073-00033368-00034152": "And most notably, we would say, would be deletions of chromosome 9, and we'll come back to that.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00074-00034152-00034741": "Now, if you look at the clusters for survival, cluster one and cluster two, cluster for survival,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00075-00034741-00034935": "pretty close.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00076-00034935-00035277": "Cluster one was more type 2 papillaries [spelled phonetically].", "0F5A7THoGp0-00077-00035277-00035856": "Cluster two was almost exclusively type 2, and cluster three had the poorest survival,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00078-00035856-00036658": "that was mostly type 2 papillary and high-stage, stage three and four.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00079-00036658-00037330": "Now, when you looked at mutations, and this was done by looking at MutSig 2.0, and then", "0F5A7THoGp0-00080-00037330-00038015": "also we evaluated genes that were identified in PanCan21, and a number of notable genes", "0F5A7THoGp0-00081-00038015-00038303": "were identified -- met, of course.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00082-00038303-00039243": "FAT1, SETD2, which we'd seen, of course, in clear cell, NF2, KDM6A, BAP1, PBRM1, SMARCB1,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00083-00039243-00039846": "NRF2 [spelled phonetically], STAG2, and P53.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00084-00039846-00040378": "The chromosome 3, chromatin modeling gene mutations, that we had seen in clear cell", "0F5A7THoGp0-00085-00040378-00041024": "kidney cancer -- that being SETD2, BAP1, and PBRM1, chromosome 3, chromatic remodelers", "0F5A7THoGp0-00086-00041024-00041902": "-- were mutated mostly in type 2 papillary kidney cancer.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00087-00041902-00042628": "We then looked at a number of pathway analysis, looked at mutations and pathways.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00088-00042628-00043297": "Found a number of pathways that were notable, we thought, one of course being MET.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00089-00043297-00043884": "Other pathways such as HIPPO pathway and a number of chromatin modifier pathways.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00090-00043884-00044653": "The SWI/SNF complex was mutated in genes in that pathway in about 20, 27 percent of type", "0F5A7THoGp0-00091-00044653-00045390": "1 and type 2, chromatin modifiers in 35 and 38 percent, both in 1 and 2, and HIPPO pathway", "0F5A7THoGp0-00092-00045390-00046081": "mutations were primarily in type 2 papillary kidney cancer.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00093-00046081-00046803": "Now the MET mutations that were found, 14 MET mutations were somatic, three were germline.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00094-00046803-00047103": "Most of them were in the tyrosine kinases domain.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00095-00047103-00047625": "Had a couple outside the tyrosine kinase domain, one [unintelligible] domain and one in the", "0F5A7THoGp0-00096-00047625-00048774": "Sema domain, and they were all except one, type 1 papillary -- well, either type 1 papillary,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00097-00048774-00049294": "or unclassified.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00098-00049294-00049553": "Sorry.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00099-00049553-00050201": "Also found a specific MET splice variant in eight samples resulting in loss of the first", "0F5A7THoGp0-00100-00050201-00051307": "two exons and the gain of a novel exon of MET.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00101-00051307-00052216": "Not unexpectedly, but when you look at MET MRNA, significantly higher in type 1 versus", "0F5A7THoGp0-00102-00052216-00052392": "type 2.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00103-00052392-00052738": "Same thing for Phospho-Met.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00104-00052738-00053498": "So we find amplification of 7, mutation, splicing, and increase copy number of chromosome 7,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00105-00053498-00054048": "primarily in type 1 papillary kidney cancer; we’ll come back to that.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00106-00054048-00054916": "Also [unintelligible] analysis revealed a specific region deleted on chromosome 9 containing", "0F5A7THoGp0-00107-00054916-00055508": "the CDKN2A P16 gene.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00108-00055508-00056202": "CDKN2A hypermethylation was identified in 10 tumors; each of these both in mutation", "0F5A7THoGp0-00109-00056202-00056591": "and methylation correlated with low expression of P16.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00110-00056591-00057212": "And when you looked at the 21 altered cases of either silencing, loss or mutation, they", "0F5A7THoGp0-00111-00057212-00058367": "were almost all either type 2 papillary, 71 percent, or unclassified.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00112-00058367-00059027": "When we looked at survival of all the tumors -- of all the type 2s, the ones with CDKN2A", "0F5A7THoGp0-00113-00059027-00059702": "mutation had a significantly decreased survival versus those that were wild type; excuse me,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00114-00059702-00060472": "this was all of the tumors, all of the papillary tumors.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00115-00060472-00061345": "We also found TFE3 and TFEB fusions in 12 percent of type 2 papillary renal carcinoma,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00116-00061345-00061445": "which was surprising.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00117-00061445-00061985": "This is a surprisingly high number of TFE3 and TFEB fusions.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00118-00061985-00062451": "Traditionally we would think of it as being more like one percent, including patients", "0F5A7THoGp0-00119-00062451-00062782": "in their seventh and eighth decade, which is also surprising.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00120-00062782-00063361": "Usually we think -- this was originally TFE3 we originally described in kidney cancer in", "0F5A7THoGp0-00121-00063361-00063654": "1996, and we traditionally think of as tumor in children and young adults.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00122-00063654-00064022": "But it turns out that’s not the case.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00123-00064022-00064925": "The TFE3 fusions also included four known fusion partners as well as two novel fusion", "0F5A7THoGp0-00124-00064925-00065716": "partners, and both of the TFEB fusion partners that we identified were also novel.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00125-00065716-00066527": "Now, when we did methylation analysis, we saw a number of things.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00126-00066527-00066866": "We saw three different clusters.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00127-00066866-00067467": "One of them, which demonstrated a CPGI with methylator phenotype, a CIMP phenotype, in", "0F5A7THoGp0-00128-00067467-00068220": "eight of the nine CIMP phenotype papillary renal carcinomas, were type 2 papillary renal", "0F5A7THoGp0-00129-00068220-00068974": "carcinoma, and the CIMP phenotypes strongly associated with somatic or germline fumarate", "0F5A7THoGp0-00130-00068974-00069518": "hydratase mutation, or decreased levels of FH.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00131-00069518-00069967": "That’s the Krebs cycle enzyme.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00132-00069967-00070782": "Again, when we looked at the CIMP papillary renal cell carcinoma phenotype, we found that", "0F5A7THoGp0-00133-00070782-00071661": "it characterized early onset papillary renal cell carcinoma and low survival.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00134-00071661-00072164": "So some very aggressive early onset phenotype.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00135-00072164-00072980": "Now, when we looked at a number of metabolic genes, what we found was we think were pretty", "0F5A7THoGp0-00136-00072980-00073080": "remarkable.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00137-00073080-00073776": "When we looked at glycolysis, fatty acid synthesis, ANPK and TCA cycle, what we found was in the", "0F5A7THoGp0-00138-00073776-00074242": "CIMP phenotype -- so here we have the CIMP phenotype, here we have type 2, and here we", "0F5A7THoGp0-00139-00074242-00074993": "have type 1 papillary kidney cancer -- in the CIMP phenotype this was very, very characteristic,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00140-00074993-00075768": "increased glycolysis, increased pentos phosphate shunt, decreased TCA cycle, okay.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00141-00075768-00076498": "This is like your classic Warburg metabolic shift, increased glycolysis, decreased TCA", "0F5A7THoGp0-00142-00076498-00076841": "cycle, all right.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00143-00076841-00077479": "But, if you look then at the type 2 papillary kidney cancers, what you see is a shift toward", "0F5A7THoGp0-00144-00077479-00078445": "increased glycolysis and pentos phosphate shunt, but decreased, but normal OXPHOS activity,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00145-00078445-00078626": "looking at gene expression patterns.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00146-00078626-00079087": "So, this would be consistent with what we see clinically, i.e. the patients with papillary", "0F5A7THoGp0-00147-00079087-00079363": "kidney cancer, very high PET scans.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00148-00079363-00079887": "So what this would suggest, then, would be that those tumors are doing -- have shifted", "0F5A7THoGp0-00149-00079887-00080177": "to -- or made a significant shift to aerobic glycolysis.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00150-00080177-00080800": "Now when you think about that, then you could also imagine that those tumors also would", "0F5A7THoGp0-00151-00080800-00081389": "be characterized by increased oxidative stress, increased reactive oxygen.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00152-00081389-00081598": "So we’re going to come back to that in just in a minute.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00153-00081598-00082092": "So think about these type 2 papillary kidney cancers, the poster child being the CIMP tumors,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00154-00082092-00082785": "but the other papillaries as being very metabolically active.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00155-00082785-00082999": "So how do you put this together?", "0F5A7THoGp0-00156-00082999-00083676": "This was the model, very similar model, that we saw in clear cell kidney cancer, in the", "0F5A7THoGp0-00157-00083676-00084223": "Kirk paper, in the clear cell PSGA paper [spelled phonetically], in which we saw, with high-grade,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00158-00084223-00084857": "high-stage, low survival aggressive clear cell kidney cancers, we saw a metabolic shift", "0F5A7THoGp0-00159-00084857-00085188": "toward aerobic glycolysis and decrease OXPHOS.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00160-00085188-00085891": "We’re seeing the same thing here, exact same thing here, in the CIMP phenotype.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00161-00085891-00086645": "Increased glycolysis, increased Pentos phosphate shunt, and decreased TCA cycle activity.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00162-00086645-00087486": "Now, when we did -- looked at cluster analysis, the Coke [spelled phonetically] analysis,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00163-00087486-00088260": "we saw  four different clusters basically.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00164-00088260-00088757": "This was Chad Creighton and Katy Hundley [spelled phonetically], did a beautiful job putting", "0F5A7THoGp0-00165-00088757-00088904": "all this together.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00166-00088904-00090369": "And the first cluster, C1, you can see here, is primarily type 1 papillary renal carcinoma.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00167-00090369-00091324": "And the cluster 2A, 2B and 2C, are type 2 papillary.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00168-00091324-00091930": "And the cluster 2C is -- went completely with the CIMP phenotype.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00169-00091930-00092479": "Cluster 2B, which I’ll show you is the very aggressive type of type 2 papillary, was also", "0F5A7THoGp0-00170-00092479-00093260": "characterized by a significant increase in the number of set V2 mutations.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00171-00093260-00093841": "So then if you look at survival, if you just look at type 1 versus type 2, type 2 papillary", "0F5A7THoGp0-00172-00093841-00094402": "kidney cancer has decreased survival over type 1, which is what our clinical experience", "0F5A7THoGp0-00173-00094402-00094547": "would fit with.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00174-00094547-00095168": "Then when you look at the cluster analysis and look at survivals, the C1, which was type", "0F5A7THoGp0-00175-00095168-00095910": "1 papillary predominantly, and C2A, which was one of the clusters in the type 2 papillary", "0F5A7THoGp0-00176-00095910-00096882": "kidney cancer cluster, they did relatively well to each other relative to survival.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00177-00096882-00097891": "The cluster 2B, T2B, is significantly worse survival than C1 and C2 and the CIMP, of course,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00178-00097891-00098261": "is the -- the 2C is the worst survival.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00179-00098261-00098972": "Now finally, we looked at a number of pathways, including this one, which were our most prominent", "0F5A7THoGp0-00180-00098972-00099213": "pathways when you did pathway analysis.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00181-00099213-00099733": "And we talked a minute ago about the type 2 papillary kidney cancers being characterized,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00182-00099733-00100432": "potentially, by increased reactive oxygen, increased metabolic stress, and a more metabolic", "0F5A7THoGp0-00183-00100432-00100691": "shift aerobic glycolysis.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00184-00100691-00101188": "Now a very pretty study by Van Tay [spelled phonetically] had shown, looking at array", "0F5A7THoGp0-00185-00101188-00101736": "patterns in type 2 papillary kidney cancers, that this fit with this pathway, which is", "0F5A7THoGp0-00186-00101736-00102536": "the NRF2 pathway, and NRF2 is the -- turns on [unintelligible] 1 and the antioxidant", "0F5A7THoGp0-00187-00102536-00103343": "response pathway, which is essentially a defense against reactive oxidative stress.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00188-00103343-00103871": "This is also something that many of us are working very, very hard to target, and we", "0F5A7THoGp0-00189-00103871-00104173": "are very hopeful that this will be a targetable pathway.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00190-00104173-00104615": "So because we’re so desperate to find therapy for this, we’re hoping this may lead us", "0F5A7THoGp0-00191-00104615-00104791": "down the right path.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00192-00104791-00105275": "But when you look at the NRF2 pathway, and the surrogate here is NQO1, which is kind", "0F5A7THoGp0-00193-00105275-00106111": "of a perfect readout for a NRF2, as you see with the C1, which is predominantly papillary", "0F5A7THoGp0-00194-00106111-00106983": "renal carcinoma, and then the 2A, 2B and CIMP, you see that the NRF pathway is increasing", "0F5A7THoGp0-00195-00106983-00107352": "in those versus the type 1 papillaries.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00196-00107352-00108048": "And you can see that also correlates with mutations in this pathway which is NRF2, CUL3,", "0F5A7THoGp0-00197-00108048-00108444": "and Keap1.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00198-00108444-00109016": "And when you look at survival we see significant decrease in survival in the tumors that have", "0F5A7THoGp0-00199-00109016-00109405": "increased expression of NQO1.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00200-00109405-00110219": "So, what we show in this study is that type 1 and type 2 papillary renal carcinoma are", "0F5A7THoGp0-00201-00110219-00110945": "genetic -- genomically distinctly different tumors with different clinical outcomes.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00202-00110945-00111524": "The type 1 papillary renal carcinoma is associated with MET mutations, MET splice variants, and", "0F5A7THoGp0-00203-00111524-00112205": "gain of chromosome 7; that type 2 papillary renal carcinoma is made up of at least three", "0F5A7THoGp0-00204-00112205-00112924": "distinct subtypes with differing survival; that CDKN2A alterations are associated with", "0F5A7THoGp0-00205-00112924-00113708": "type 2 papillary renal carcinoma, and with poor survival; that TFE3 and TFEB gene fusions", "0F5A7THoGp0-00206-00113708-00114378": "are found in 12 percent of type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma, and are found also in", "0F5A7THoGp0-00207-00114378-00115127": "older patients versus just in younger patients; that the CIMP type 2 PRCC phenotype tumors", "0F5A7THoGp0-00208-00115127-00115801": "are early onset, poor survival tumors characterized by metabolic shift to aerobic glycolysis and", "0F5A7THoGp0-00209-00115801-00116543": "decrease oxidative phosphorylation; and finally, that the NRF2 pathway is up regulated in type", "0F5A7THoGp0-00210-00116543-00117390": "2 PRCC, and is associated with high-grade, low survival papillary renal carcinoma.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00211-00117390-00117743": "Thank you very much.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00212-00117743-00118025": "[applause]", "0F5A7THoGp0-00213-00118025-00118791": "Katherine Hoadley: We have time for one or two questions, if", "0F5A7THoGp0-00214-00118791-00120172": "you want to come to the microphone.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00215-00120172-00120272": "Male Speaker: Thank you for your presentation.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00216-00120272-00120744": "Could you give more details on what you saw about the [unintelligible] subset, with respect", "0F5A7THoGp0-00217-00120744-00121710": "to the genomic alterations you saw [inaudible] talking about the fact that it was an unknown", "0F5A7THoGp0-00218-00121710-00121810": "substance.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00219-00121810-00122323": "Male Speaker: Do you understand that?", "0F5A7THoGp0-00220-00122323-00122673": "Katherine Hoadley: Can you --", "0F5A7THoGp0-00221-00122673-00123004": "Male Speaker: You had a non-type 1, non-type 2, a third", "0F5A7THoGp0-00222-00123004-00123133": "other category, where do they fit in?", "0F5A7THoGp0-00223-00123133-00123233": "That’s the question.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00224-00123233-00123333": "Katherine Hoadley: If they’re not type 1, they’re type 2.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00225-00123333-00123433": "Male Speaker: You're unclassified.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00226-00123433-00123533": "Katherine Hoadley: You're unclassified, where do they fall?", "0F5A7THoGp0-00227-00123533-00123633": "W. Marston Linehan: Oh I’m sorry, sorry, sorry, sorry.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00228-00123633-00123733": "The unclassifieds, I’m sorry.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00229-00123733-00123833": "The sorry -- great question.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00230-00123833-00124283": "The unclassified really -- okay, so the unclassified, that was by pathology.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00231-00124283-00124785": "And that was by looking, all we could do was take the frozen, make an [unintelligible],", "0F5A7THoGp0-00232-00124785-00125276": "DCJ did a great job on this getting us those slides, but really hard for pathologists to", "0F5A7THoGp0-00233-00125276-00125376": "make a call on that.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00234-00125376-00125798": "Anyway, so the 26 un-classifieds we had, most of those fit with type 2.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00235-00125798-00126199": "Okay, so our presumption is those were really type 2 papillaries.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00236-00126199-00127026": "Male Speaker: Yeah but I was wondering [inaudible] one of", "0F5A7THoGp0-00237-00127026-00127126": "the subsets of type 2 or not.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00238-00127126-00127226": "W. Marston Linehan: You know that’s a very good question.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00239-00127226-00127332": "Yeah, I don’t know the answer to that.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00240-00127332-00127432": "It is a very good question.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00241-00127432-00127692": "It was where would they fit in with the TFE3 or the others.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00242-00127692-00128019": "That’s a good question, and I don’t have that in my head right now.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00243-00128019-00128119": "I will have to look that up and I’ll get back with you on that.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00244-00128119-00128242": "That’s a good question.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00245-00128242-00128566": "We didn’t analyze that specifically, although we should have.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00246-00128566-00128948": "Male Speaker: So I wanted to ask about the non-MET mutated", "0F5A7THoGp0-00247-00128948-00129094": "type 1 tumors.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00248-00129094-00129484": "Any ideas as to what the drivers are in those --", "0F5A7THoGp0-00249-00129484-00129584": "W. Marston Linehan: Boy, that --", "0F5A7THoGp0-00250-00129584-00129684": "Male Speaker: -- that sort of make up the MET.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00251-00129684-00129913": "W. Marston Linehan: That is a very good question.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00252-00129913-00130334": "And that is something we are desperate to know.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00253-00130334-00131496": "And, I hope you recognize that we said chromosome 7 increase copy number.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00254-00131496-00131862": "We didn’t say that MET was the target there, because there is a lot of stuff.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00255-00131862-00132216": "It is incredibly characteristic of type 1 papillary.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00256-00132216-00132624": "But what the driver genes are, we don’t know, that’s a very good question.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00257-00132624-00133149": "So we would assume -- I mean, we've got the whole of chromosome 7 to think about, including", "0F5A7THoGp0-00258-00133149-00133579": "EGF, HGF, all sorts of things.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00259-00133579-00133886": "We have increased copy number.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00260-00133886-00134419": "We have increased Phospho-Met, we have increased MET, but is that the target?", "0F5A7THoGp0-00261-00134419-00134533": "That remains to be determined.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00262-00134533-00134690": "That’s a very good question.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00263-00134690-00135062": "We also have 16, 17, but we don’t know.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00264-00135062-00135341": "Katherine Hoadley: Okay, thank you so much.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00265-00135341-00135604": "W. Marston Linehan: Sure, thank you.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00266-00135604-00135704": "[applause]", "0F5A7THoGp0-00267-00135704-00136134": "Katherine Hoadley: Our next talk is Dr. Angela Brooks, who will", "0F5A7THoGp0-00268-00136134-00136492": "be telling us about the high through-put somatic variant impact phenotyping using gene expression", "0F5A7THoGp0-00269-00136492-00136592": "signatures.", "0F5A7THoGp0-00270-00136592-00136593": "[end of transcription]"}}, {"audio_id": "0FpesKtzyT4", "text": {"0FpesKtzyT4-00000-00000166-00000942": "So welcome everyone to Hing Ong's dissertation defense", "0FpesKtzyT4-00001-00000942-00001580": "Hing came to us with a Master of Science degree from Taiwan", "0FpesKtzyT4-00002-00001580-00002038": "And he didn't start out initially in my group", "0FpesKtzyT4-00003-00002038-00002650": "I knew of him only from his original application to the department", "0FpesKtzyT4-00004-00002650-00003306": "And just before he started in my group", "0FpesKtzyT4-00005-00003306-00003994": "I woke up around 2:00 a.m. with my phone buzzing me for incoming emails", "0FpesKtzyT4-00006-00003994-00004202": "And I don't always look at these", "0FpesKtzyT4-00007-00004202-00004618": "But I popped up and turned it on curiously", "0FpesKtzyT4-00008-00004618-00005708": "I found him asking me to advise him on his PhD in tropical large-scale dynamics", "0FpesKtzyT4-00009-00005708-00005960": "At the time, as I said, I didn't know him very well", "0FpesKtzyT4-00010-00005960-00006066": "But I'd seen his application", "0FpesKtzyT4-00011-00006066-00006848": "And I knew he was a fantastic student with a great record", "0FpesKtzyT4-00012-00006848-00007242": "In the months following", "0FpesKtzyT4-00013-00007242-00007686": "Hing was, I think, the fastest student I've ever had", "0FpesKtzyT4-00014-00007686-00008458": "in terms of turning out papers from the start of joining the research group", "0FpesKtzyT4-00015-00008458-00008814": "He, as I said, he did have a master's degree to start with", "0FpesKtzyT4-00016-00008814-00009412": "But he's always been quick studying", "0FpesKtzyT4-00017-00009412-00010056": "And works really hard oftentimes in the middle of the night to get things done", "0FpesKtzyT4-00018-00010056-00011024": "So it's the first time obviously we've done dissertation defenses in this way", "0FpesKtzyT4-00019-00011024-00011614": "The first part is as it's always been the public portion", "0FpesKtzyT4-00020-00011614-00011954": "Hing will provide his presentation for us", "0FpesKtzyT4-00021-00011954-00012398": "And I ask that you please hold your questions until the end", "0FpesKtzyT4-00022-00012398-00013202": "If you have questions that are brief clarifications", "0FpesKtzyT4-00023-00013202-00013838": "then you address them to me in the chat", "0FpesKtzyT4-00024-00013838-00014080": "And so I'll be able to take a look at them", "0FpesKtzyT4-00025-00014080-00014216": "and then assess whether either", "0FpesKtzyT4-00026-00014216-00014640": "I can respond myself with a quick clarification", "0FpesKtzyT4-00027-00014640-00015018": "or suggest that you wait to the end", "0FpesKtzyT4-00028-00015018-00015597": "or I will step in for a moment and ask Hing to address the question", "0FpesKtzyT4-00029-00015597-00015991": "depending on the nature of it", "0FpesKtzyT4-00030-00015991-00016538": "Please if you can wait till the very end with those", "0FpesKtzyT4-00031-00016538-00017012": "So we plan on the presentation taking roughly 45 minutes", "0FpesKtzyT4-00032-00017012-00017506": "We'll have about 15 minutes of questions from the public", "0FpesKtzyT4-00033-00017506-00018054": "after which we'll dismiss everyone but the committee", "0FpesKtzyT4-00034-00018054-00018582": "The committee consists of myself, Brian Rose, Rob Fovell,", "0FpesKtzyT4-00035-00018582-00018912": "and our visitor from NCAR, Bill Skamarock", "0FpesKtzyT4-00036-00018912-00019434": "And we specially appreciate his participation here", "0FpesKtzyT4-00037-00019434-00019954": "And with that, we'll let you take off", "0FpesKtzyT4-00038-00019954-00020218": "Thank you, Paul", "0FpesKtzyT4-00039-00020218-00020588": "It's my pleasure to present my dissertation on", "0FpesKtzyT4-00040-00020588-00021232": "The significance of the nontraditional Coriolis terms in tropical large-scale dynamics", "0FpesKtzyT4-00041-00021232-00021544": "For those calling in while viewing my offline slides", "0FpesKtzyT4-00042-00021544-00021942": "I will say the present slide number out loud", "0FpesKtzyT4-00043-00021942-00022238": "Slide number 2", "0FpesKtzyT4-00044-00022238-00022494": "Like many other atmospheric scientists", "0FpesKtzyT4-00045-00022494-00022880": "I used to believe that in our weather and climate models", "0FpesKtzyT4-00046-00022880-00023262": "large-scale dynamics are well represented", "0FpesKtzyT4-00047-00023262-00023588": "because we build our models upon equations", "0FpesKtzyT4-00048-00023588-00024012": "known to govern the motion of large-scale flow", "0FpesKtzyT4-00049-00024012-00024386": "And what needs improvement is to represent", "0FpesKtzyT4-00050-00024386-00025064": "how the statistics of physical processes respond and feedback to large-scale flow", "0FpesKtzyT4-00051-00025064-00025570": "For example, we need to improve convective parameterization", "0FpesKtzyT4-00052-00025570-00026056": "which represent the statistics of convective processes", "0FpesKtzyT4-00053-00026056-00026382": "So I used to study convective parameterization", "0FpesKtzyT4-00054-00026382-00026848": "And I had a paper published about it three years ago", "0FpesKtzyT4-00055-00026848-00027268": "That was right before I came to SUNY Albany", "0FpesKtzyT4-00056-00027268-00027533": "However, two years ago", "0FpesKtzyT4-00057-00027533-00027936": "when I was looking for a new research topic", "0FpesKtzyT4-00058-00027936-00028408": "I reconsidered this question", "0FpesKtzyT4-00059-00028408-00029144": "Are large-scale atmospheric dynamics well represented in our models?", "0FpesKtzyT4-00060-00029144-00029445": "The result of this dissertation suggests", "0FpesKtzyT4-00061-00029445-00029812": "slide number 3, no", "0FpesKtzyT4-00062-00029812-00030124": "because the nontraditional Coriolis terms are omitted", "0FpesKtzyT4-00063-00030124-00030570": "in most of the current global atmospheric models", "0FpesKtzyT4-00064-00030570-00030988": "The nontraditional Coriolis terms are terms in the momentum equation that", "0FpesKtzyT4-00065-00030988-00031536": "turn eastward motion upward and upward motion westward", "0FpesKtzyT4-00066-00031536-00031858": "And vice versa", "0FpesKtzyT4-00067-00031858-00032104": "They are usually omitted", "0FpesKtzyT4-00068-00032104-00032718": "However, this dissertation and a few previous papers suggest that", "0FpesKtzyT4-00069-00032718-00033044": "the nontraditional Coriolis terms are considerable", "0FpesKtzyT4-00070-00033044-00033756": "in tropical large-scale dynamics in terms of these three aspects", "0FpesKtzyT4-00071-00033756-00034032": "(First,) flow response to heat sources", "0FpesKtzyT4-00072-00034032-00034580": "Second, hypsometric relation or pressure-height relation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00073-00034580-00035132": "Third, equatorial wave propagation mechanism", "0FpesKtzyT4-00074-00035132-00035592": "The results encourage restoring the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00075-00035592-00036044": "into the models for more-accurate simulations of", "0FpesKtzyT4-00076-00036044-00036406": "MJO, the Madden-Julian oscillation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00077-00036406-00036938": "CCEWs, the convectively coupled equatorial waves", "0FpesKtzyT4-00078-00036938-00037404": "and flow response *to* the ITCZ", "0FpesKtzyT4-00079-00037404-00038538": "flow forced by the ITCZ, the intertropical convergence zone", "0FpesKtzyT4-00080-00038538-00038904": "You may wonder what made me consider such a question", "0FpesKtzyT4-00081-00038904-00039186": "Slide number 4", "0FpesKtzyT4-00082-00039186-00039608": "I started from examining the equations", "0FpesKtzyT4-00083-00039608-00040122": "what's shown here are the fully nonhydrostatic momentum equations", "0FpesKtzyT4-00084-00040122-00040434": "used by only few models including", "0FpesKtzyT4-00085-00040434-00041250": "UK Met Office's Unified Model, Japanese NICAM, and US Navy's NUMA", "0FpesKtzyT4-00086-00041250-00041478": "The yellow terms here", "0FpesKtzyT4-00087-00041478-00042056": "Yellow terms are the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00088-00042056-00042570": "They have a factor of 2 Omega cosine latitude", "0FpesKtzyT4-00089-00042570-00043230": "which is associated with the meridional projection of planetary vorticity", "0FpesKtzyT4-00090-00043230-00043690": "And they are maximized at the equator", "0FpesKtzyT4-00091-00043690-00044098": "Then, slide number 5", "0FpesKtzyT4-00092-00044098-00044584": "These are the quasi-hydrostatic momentum equations", "0FpesKtzyT4-00093-00044584-00045230": "used by earlier generations of UK Met Office's Unified Model", "0FpesKtzyT4-00094-00045230-00046460": "Compare slide number 4 and 5", "0FpesKtzyT4-00095-00046460-00047118": "The quasi-hydrostatic equations omit the vertical acceleration terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00096-00047118-00047400": "which makes sense because in 1995", "0FpesKtzyT4-00097-00047400-00047746": "White and Bromley's scale analysis suggests that", "0FpesKtzyT4-00098-00047746-00048210": "the vertical acceleration term is the smallest term", "0FpesKtzyT4-00099-00048210-00048712": "in the vertical momentum equation for large-scale flow", "0FpesKtzyT4-00100-00048712-00049126": "Then, slide number 6", "0FpesKtzyT4-00101-00049126-00049546": "These are the hydrostatic primitive equations", "0FpesKtzyT4-00102-00049546-00049972": "used by most of the current global atmospheric models", "0FpesKtzyT4-00103-00049972-00050530": "Compare slide number 5 and 6", "0FpesKtzyT4-00104-00050530-00051326": "Notice first here and here. Note that", "0FpesKtzyT4-00105-00051326-00051974": "the vertical momentum equation reduces to the hydrostatic equation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00106-00051974-00052417": "while one of the nontraditional Coriolis terms is omitted", "0FpesKtzyT4-00107-00052417-00053008": "Then the other nontraditional Coriolis term in the zonal momentum equation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00108-00053008-00053396": "must be omitted for energy conservation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00109-00053396-00053886": "So to use the hydrostatic approximation is one of the reasons that", "0FpesKtzyT4-00110-00053886-00054229": "people omit the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00111-00054229-00054420": "which makes sense because the balance", "0FpesKtzyT4-00112-00054420-00054800": "between the perturbation pressure gradient and the buoyancy", "0FpesKtzyT4-00113-00054800-00055229": "is the leading order balance in the vertical", "0FpesKtzyT4-00114-00055229-00055478": "So far everything makes sense", "0FpesKtzyT4-00115-00055478-00055702": "Slide number 7", "0FpesKtzyT4-00116-00055702-00056082": "These are the nonhydrostatic primitive equations", "0FpesKtzyT4-00117-00056082-00056344": "used by many models on the pathway", "0FpesKtzyT4-00118-00056344-00056728": "toward relaxing the hydrostatic approximation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00119-00056728-00057558": "Compare slide number 6 and 7", "0FpesKtzyT4-00120-00057558-00057882": "Vertical acceleration term is restored", "0FpesKtzyT4-00121-00057882-00058328": "But the nontraditional Coriolis terms are not", "0FpesKtzyT4-00122-00058328-00058674": "So slide number 8", "0FpesKtzyT4-00123-00058674-00058934": "According to a scale analysis", "0FpesKtzyT4-00124-00058934-00059291": "Vertical acceleration term is far smaller", "0FpesKtzyT4-00125-00059291-00059588": "than the vertical nontraditional Coriolis term", "0FpesKtzyT4-00126-00059588-00060402": "for a horizontal length scale of 100 km or larger", "0FpesKtzyT4-00127-00060402-00060667": "However, in many models", "0FpesKtzyT4-00128-00060667-00061154": "on the pathway toward relaxing the hydrostatic approximation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00129-00061154-00061448": "the vertical acceleration term is included", "0FpesKtzyT4-00130-00061448-00061829": "while the nontraditional Coriolis terms are omitted", "0FpesKtzyT4-00131-00061829-00062476": "This inconsistency motivates me to ask this question", "0FpesKtzyT4-00132-00062476-00063544": "Is there insufficiency in omitting the nontraditional Coriolis terms?", "0FpesKtzyT4-00133-00063544-00063844": "Before I move on, I reviewed some papers", "0FpesKtzyT4-00134-00063844-00064084": "slide number 9", "0FpesKtzyT4-00135-00064084-00064384": "The general idea of these papers is", "0FpesKtzyT4-00136-00064384-00064658": "to compare the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00137-00064658-00065020": "to the leading order terms for scale analyses", "0FpesKtzyT4-00138-00065020-00065586": "and to compare biases due to omitting the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00139-00065588-00066372": "to results with or without the nontraditional Coriolis terms for model simulations", "0FpesKtzyT4-00140-00066372-00066978": "For tropical diabatic-forced large-scales flow", "0FpesKtzyT4-00141-00066978-00067310": "White and Bromley's scale analyses suggest that", "0FpesKtzyT4-00142-00067310-00067886": "the nontraditional Coriolis terms are 10% of the leading order terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00143-00067886-00068558": "which are the traditional Coriolis in the zonal and the buoyancy in the vertical", "0FpesKtzyT4-00144-00068558-00069082": "Hayashi and Itoh's linear forced-dissipative model simulations suggest that", "0FpesKtzyT4-00145-00069082-00069844": "the nontraditional Coriolis terms contribute 10% of the resulting wind and pressure", "0FpesKtzyT4-00146-00069844-00070136": "Hayashi and Itoh's forced", "0FpesKtzyT4-00147-00070136-00070366": "So in their paper", "0FpesKtzyT4-00148-00070366-00070798": "They force the model by a prescribed heat source", "0FpesKtzyT4-00149-00070798-00071686": "that propagates eastward along the equator in an intraseasonal timescale", "0FpesKtzyT4-00150-00071686-00072068": "Accordingly, slide number 10", "0FpesKtzyT4-00151-00072068-00072648": "In this dissertation, I further addressed these three questions", "0FpesKtzyT4-00152-00072648-00073244": "In Chapter 2, how do the nontraditional Coriolis terms affect", "0FpesKtzyT4-00153-00073244-00073630": "flow response to heat sources?", "0FpesKtzyT4-00154-00073630-00074240": "In Chapter 3, how do the nontraditional Coriolis terms affect", "0FpesKtzyT4-00155-00074240-00074744": "hypsometric relation or the pressure-height relation?", "0FpesKtzyT4-00156-00074744-00075266": "In Chapter 4, how do the nontraditional Coriolis terms affect", "0FpesKtzyT4-00157-00075266-00075790": "equatorial wave propagation mechanism?", "0FpesKtzyT4-00158-00075790-00076062": "I'll first show the flow response", "0FpesKtzyT4-00159-00076062-00076366": "Slide number 11", "0FpesKtzyT4-00160-00076366-00076714": "I formulated a linear forced-dissipative model", "0FpesKtzyT4-00161-00076714-00077226": "that can switch the nontraditional Coriolis terms on and off", "0FpesKtzyT4-00162-00077226-00077606": "which is similar to Hayashi and Itoh's model", "0FpesKtzyT4-00163-00077606-00078064": "I forced the model with an ITCZ-like heat source", "0FpesKtzyT4-00164-00078064-00078432": "which is steady and zonally symmetric", "0FpesKtzyT4-00165-00078432-00078762": "And because it is steady and zonally symmetric", "0FpesKtzyT4-00166-00078762-00079356": "I am allowed to make my model simpler than Hayashi and Itoh's model", "0FpesKtzyT4-00167-00079356-00080374": "And here shows the meridional vertical distribution of", "0FpesKtzyT4-00168-00080374-00081310": "meridional velocity contoured and vertical velocity shaded", "0FpesKtzyT4-00169-00081310-00081502": "As a sanity check", "0FpesKtzyT4-00170-00081502-00082024": "the vertical velocity is nearly proportional to the prescribed heating rate", "0FpesKtzyT4-00171-00082024-00082484": "So I put my heating rate here prescribed", "0FpesKtzyT4-00172-00082484-00083370": "And there is an in-up-out Hadley-like circulation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00173-00083370-00083730": "Then, slide number 12", "0FpesKtzyT4-00174-00083730-00084134": "Here shows the meridional vertical distribution of", "0FpesKtzyT4-00175-00084134-00084668": "zonal velocity with the nontraditional Coriolis terms contoured", "0FpesKtzyT4-00176-00084668-00085356": "So there are subtropical jet maxima here and here", "0FpesKtzyT4-00177-00085356-00085820": "associated with the Hadley-like circulation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00178-00085820-00086576": "the shading denotes the zonal velocity difference", "0FpesKtzyT4-00179-00086576-00086988": "without the nontraditional Coriolis terms minus with", "0FpesKtzyT4-00180-00086988-00087284": "So the shading can be interpreted", "0FpesKtzyT4-00181-00087284-00087848": "as a bias due to omitting the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00182-00087848-00088548": "Compare slide number 11 to 12", "0FpesKtzyT4-00183-00088548-00089176": "We see that a westerly wind bias is located in the heating region", "0FpesKtzyT4-00184-00089176-00089706": "while the subtropical jet is not affected", "0FpesKtzyT4-00185-00089706-00090538": "This westerly wind bias here is due to lack of westward nontraditional Coriolis term", "0FpesKtzyT4-00186-00090538-00091190": "associated with heating-induced upward motion", "0FpesKtzyT4-00187-00091190-00091740": "I'd like to reemphasize that the heat source is prescribed", "0FpesKtzyT4-00188-00091740-00092346": "In this case, the ITCZ width is 1,000 km", "0FpesKtzyT4-00189-00092346-00093016": "and the ITCZ location is 600 km from the equator", "0FpesKtzyT4-00190-00093016-00093702": "If we divide the maximum westerly bias by the maximum westerly wind", "0FpesKtzyT4-00191-00093702-00094082": "in the subtropical jet as a normalization", "0FpesKtzyT4-00192-00094082-00094458": "we get 12% of bias", "0FpesKtzyT4-00193-00094458-00094838": "Furthermore, slide number 13", "0FpesKtzyT4-00194-00094838-00095122": "How does the normalized wind bias change", "0FpesKtzyT4-00195-00095122-00095580": "with the prescribed ITCZ configuration?", "0FpesKtzyT4-00196-00095580-00096092": "Here the normalized wind bias is plotted on the parameter space of", "0FpesKtzyT4-00197-00096092-00096788": "ITCZ width and ITCZ location from the equator", "0FpesKtzyT4-00198-00096788-00097180": "The plus sign here", "0FpesKtzyT4-00199-00097180-00097538": "The plus sign here denotes what I just showed", "0FpesKtzyT4-00200-00097538-00098042": "1,000 km wide and 600 km from the equator", "0FpesKtzyT4-00201-00098042-00098352": "And the normalized wind bias increases", "0FpesKtzyT4-00202-00098352-00099170": "when the ITCZ is narrower or closer to the equator", "0FpesKtzyT4-00203-00099170-00099378": "Inspired by these results", "0FpesKtzyT4-00204-00099378-00099796": "Slide number 14", "0FpesKtzyT4-00205-00099796-00100346": "how hydrostatic is ITCZ-force flow?", "0FpesKtzyT4-00206-00100346-00100984": "the traditional measure here to validate the hydrostatic approximation is", "0FpesKtzyT4-00207-00100984-00101544": "to compare the vertical acceleration term to the buoyancy term", "0FpesKtzyT4-00208-00101544-00102334": "The scale analysis suggests that the ratio is D-squared / L-squared", "0FpesKtzyT4-00209-00102334-00102608": "where D denotes characteristic depth", "0FpesKtzyT4-00210-00102608-00103028": "and L denotes characteristic width", "0FpesKtzyT4-00211-00103028-00103722": "This ratio is very small for typical ITCZ", "0FpesKtzyT4-00212-00103722-00104278": "which suggests that ITCZ-forced flow is in hydrostatic balance", "0FpesKtzyT4-00213-00104278-00104600": "However, the hydrostatic approximation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00214-00104600-00104883": "not only omits the vertical acceleration term", "0FpesKtzyT4-00215-00104883-00105266": "but also omits the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00216-00105266-00105846": "So an alternative measure for the tropical atmosphere", "0FpesKtzyT4-00217-00105846-00106448": "is to compare the nontraditional Coriolis terms to the traditional Coriolis", "0FpesKtzyT4-00218-00106448-00106792": "in the zonal momentum equation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00219-00106792-00107320": "The scale analysis suggests that the ratio is aD / YL", "0FpesKtzyT4-00220-00107320-00107568": "where \"a\" denotes planetary radius", "0FpesKtzyT4-00221-00107568-00108111": "and Y denotes distance from the equator to the subtropical jet", "0FpesKtzyT4-00222-00108111-00108709": "For a nonzero Y, we don't consider any jet at the equator", "0FpesKtzyT4-00223-00108709-00109122": "This ratio can be used to explain", "0FpesKtzyT4-00224-00109122-00109411": "why the normalized wind bias increases", "0FpesKtzyT4-00225-00109411-00109844": "when the ITCZ is narrower or closer to the equator", "0FpesKtzyT4-00226-00109844-00110502": "And it is on the order of 10% for typical ITCZ", "0FpesKtzyT4-00227-00110502-00110848": "which suggests that the hydrostatic approximation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00228-00110848-00111418": "is associated with 10% bias in ITCZ-forced flow", "0FpesKtzyT4-00229-00111418-00111824": "OK. Slide number 15", "0FpesKtzyT4-00230-00111824-00112115": "We've talked about how the nontraditional Coriolis terms affect", "0FpesKtzyT4-00231-00112116-00112722": "how flow responds to heat sources", "0FpesKtzyT4-00232-00112722-00113032": "Note that I prescribed the heat source", "0FpesKtzyT4-00233-00113032-00113409": "as if I knew the distribution of the heating rate", "0FpesKtzyT4-00234-00113409-00113933": "In reality, the heating distribution is difficult to simulate", "0FpesKtzyT4-00235-00113933-00114474": "However, even if we had a perfect representation of", "0FpesKtzyT4-00236-00114474-00114722": "the statistics of the physical processes", "0FpesKtzyT4-00237-00114722-00115394": "which simulates the evolution of the heat source perfectly", "0FpesKtzyT4-00238-00115394-00115746": "the forced flow would still be substantially biased", "0FpesKtzyT4-00239-00115746-00116130": "if the nontraditional Coriolis terms are omitted", "0FpesKtzyT4-00240-00116130-00116256": "With that in mind", "0FpesKtzyT4-00241-00116256-00117304": "Let's move on to the hypsometric relation or the pressure-height relation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00242-00117304-00117600": "Slide number 16", "0FpesKtzyT4-00243-00117600-00117902": "I'll start with a schematic", "0FpesKtzyT4-00244-00117902-00118456": "Consider a zonal vertical space", "0FpesKtzyT4-00245-00118456-00118802": "Given the pressure at the sea surface", "0FpesKtzyT4-00246-00118802-00119272": "we can estimate the height of a pressure level aloft", "0FpesKtzyT4-00247-00119272-00119476": "As a simple demonstration", "0FpesKtzyT4-00248-00119476-00119858": "If the density is horizontally homogeneous", "0FpesKtzyT4-00249-00119858-00120908": "the hydrostatic balance would suggest a flat isobaric surface aloft", "0FpesKtzyT4-00250-00120908-00121378": "Then, the quasi-hydrostatic balance further introduces", "0FpesKtzyT4-00251-00121378-00121894": "the nontraditional Coriolis term as a correction to gravity", "0FpesKtzyT4-00252-00121894-00122618": "Westerly winds are associated with upward nontraditional Coriolis term", "0FpesKtzyT4-00253-00122618-00122976": "which effectively makes the air lighter", "0FpesKtzyT4-00254-00122976-00123506": "So it needs a greater thickness between pressure surfaces to balance", "0FpesKtzyT4-00255-00123506-00123874": "The opposite is true for easterly winds", "0FpesKtzyT4-00256-00123874-00124370": "Then, slide number 17", "0FpesKtzyT4-00257-00124370-00124918": "Here is the corrected hypsometric equation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00258-00124918-00125456": "Most of it is the same as the traditional hypsometric equation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00259-00125456-00126252": "It means that the thickness between two pressure levels, p2 and p1, equals to", "0FpesKtzyT4-00260-00126252-00127135": "the integral of gas constant R times virtual temperature Tv divided by gravity", "0FpesKtzyT4-00261-00127135-00127661": "But the gravity has a correction factor 1 + A", "0FpesKtzyT4-00262-00127661-00128298": "where the correction A includes the nontraditional Coriolis term", "0FpesKtzyT4-00263-00128298-00128840": "And it's so-called the Eötvös effect", "0FpesKtzyT4-00264-00128840-00129304": "The two nontraditional metric terms here are included for completeness", "0FpesKtzyT4-00265-00129304-00129740": "But they don't make a noticeable difference", "0FpesKtzyT4-00266-00129740-00130166": "I calculated the height of pressure levels", "0FpesKtzyT4-00267-00130166-00130742": "using this equation with and without the correction A", "0FpesKtzyT4-00268-00130742-00131374": "using more than 300,000 selected tropical rawinsonde profiles", "0FpesKtzyT4-00269-00131374-00131992": "And here, slide number 18, shows some of the results", "0FpesKtzyT4-00270-00131992-00132698": "The figure shows the probability density of all available data points", "0FpesKtzyT4-00271-00132698-00133128": "The vertical axis denotes the bias of height", "0FpesKtzyT4-00272-00133128-00133806": "due to omitting the nontraditional correction at 500 hPa", "0FpesKtzyT4-00273-00133806-00134138": "In terms of one standard deviation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00274-00134138-00134826": "the range of height bias is roughly between 0 and half a meter", "0FpesKtzyT4-00275-00134826-00135202": "And the height bias at 500 hPa", "0FpesKtzyT4-00276-00135202-00135902": "is negatively correlated with the zonal wind at 700 hPa", "0FpesKtzyT4-00277-00135902-00136328": "which is plotted on the horizontal axis", "0FpesKtzyT4-00278-00136328-00136644": "With the linear regression", "0FpesKtzyT4-00279-00136644-00137982": "An easterly wind of 8 m/s is associated with a positive height bias of half a meter", "0FpesKtzyT4-00280-00137982-00138524": "which is consistent with the schematic in slide number 16", "0FpesKtzyT4-00281-00138524-00138856": "Here is the easterly wind", "0FpesKtzyT4-00282-00138856-00139690": "And above that is the quasi-hydrostatic height", "0FpesKtzyT4-00283-00139690-00140358": "And the hydrostatic approximation overestimates the height", "0FpesKtzyT4-00284-00140358-00140738": "Back to slide number 18", "0FpesKtzyT4-00285-00140738-00141388": "And let's compare the height bias to the height variability", "0FpesKtzyT4-00286-00141388-00141878": "We used the ERA-interim data in the tropical region", "0FpesKtzyT4-00287-00141878-00142242": "and filtered for wavenumber 1 to 10", "0FpesKtzyT4-00288-00142242-00142996": "And the horizontal standard deviation is roughly 10 m at 500 hPa", "0FpesKtzyT4-00289-00142996-00143662": "So the height bias is on the order of 5% of height variability", "0FpesKtzyT4-00290-00143662-00143940": "Although such a height bias may be smaller", "0FpesKtzyT4-00291-00143940-00144418": "than random error in height estimation with rawinsonde", "0FpesKtzyT4-00292-00144418-00145018": "it points out a source of systemic bias in model initial conditions", "0FpesKtzyT4-00293-00145018-00145448": "Then, slide number 19", "0FpesKtzyT4-00294-00145448-00145816": "Knowing that both the vertical nontraditional Coriolis term", "0FpesKtzyT4-00295-00145816-00146368": "and the buoyancy are contributors to thickness between pressure levels", "0FpesKtzyT4-00296-00146368-00147174": "Here shows the zonal vertical distribution of these two contributors", "0FpesKtzyT4-00297-00147174-00147720": "to the variability of thickness associated with the MJO", "0FpesKtzyT4-00298-00147720-00148072": "The vertical nontraditional Coriolis term *is* contoured", "0FpesKtzyT4-00299-00148072-00148402": "And the buoyancy is shaded", "0FpesKtzyT4-00300-00148402-00148824": "These are calculated from the ERA-interim data", "0FpesKtzyT4-00301-00148824-00149514": "and are regressed upon MJO-filtered tropical rainfall at 90 degree East", "0FpesKtzyT4-00302-00149514-00150162": "which is marked with the green arrow here", "0FpesKtzyT4-00303-00150162-00150686": "On the west side of the green arrow", "0FpesKtzyT4-00304-00150686-00151078": "which is in the rear flank of the active MJO", "0FpesKtzyT4-00305-00151078-00151600": "there is a region dominated by upward nontraditional Coriolis term", "0FpesKtzyT4-00306-00151600-00151916": "with weak buoyancy signals", "0FpesKtzyT4-00307-00151916-00152330": "On the east side", "0FpesKtzyT4-00308-00152330-00152782": "which is in the forward flank of the active MJO", "0FpesKtzyT4-00309-00152782-00153194": "there is a region dominated by positive buoyancy", "0FpesKtzyT4-00310-00153194-00153738": "slightly offset by downward nontraditional Coriolis term", "0FpesKtzyT4-00311-00153738-00154216": "In terms of the maxima of absolute values", "0FpesKtzyT4-00312-00154216-00155000": "the vertical nontraditional Coriolis term is roughly 5% of the buoyancy", "0FpesKtzyT4-00313-00155000-00155462": "OK. Slide number 20", "0FpesKtzyT4-00314-00155462-00156114": "We've talked about how the nontraditional Coriolis terms affect hypsometric relation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00315-00156114-00156814": "Note that I used surface pressure as a lower bound for upward integration", "0FpesKtzyT4-00316-00156814-00157150": "because I used rawinsonde data", "0FpesKtzyT4-00317-00157150-00157758": "For model data assimilation, however", "0FpesKtzyT4-00318-00157758-00158188": "Such a reliable reference level does not exist", "0FpesKtzyT4-00319-00158188-00158836": "So a thickness bias can contribute to height bias above or below", "0FpesKtzyT4-00320-00158836-00159248": "Also note that the random error in rawinsonde observation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00321-00159248-00159670": "may be larger than the systemic bias here", "0FpesKtzyT4-00322-00159670-00160128": "However, even if the winds, pressure, temperature, and moisture contents", "0FpesKtzyT4-00323-00160128-00160786": "were all well perfectly observed", "0FpesKtzyT4-00324-00160786-00161264": "the assimulated height would still be substantially biased", "0FpesKtzyT4-00325-00161264-00161624": "if the nontraditional Coriolis terms are omitted", "0FpesKtzyT4-00326-00161624-00161790": "With that in mind", "0FpesKtzyT4-00327-00161790-00162224": "Let's move on to the equatorial wave propagation mechanism", "0FpesKtzyT4-00328-00162224-00162580": "Slide number 21", "0FpesKtzyT4-00329-00162580-00163116": "I'll start with the structure of an analytical solution of a wave", "0FpesKtzyT4-00330-00163116-00163730": "Here shows the zonal vertical distribution of", "0FpesKtzyT4-00331-00163730-00164164": "its mass stream function along the equator", "0FpesKtzyT4-00332-00164164-00164458": "In the tropical atmosphere", "0FpesKtzyT4-00333-00164458-00164738": "adiabatic warming or cooling is usually", "0FpesKtzyT4-00334-00164738-00165132": "partially offset by diabetic cooling or heating", "0FpesKtzyT4-00335-00165132-00165474": "which reduces the buoyancy generated", "0FpesKtzyT4-00336-00165474-00166026": "Let's first consider an extreme case where adiabatic and diabetic effects", "0FpesKtzyT4-00337-00166026-00166554": "completely offset each other leaving no buoyancy", "0FpesKtzyT4-00338-00166554-00166836": "Under such circumstances", "0FpesKtzyT4-00339-00166836-00167470": "Will these circulations propagate?", "0FpesKtzyT4-00340-00167470-00167998": "The normal answer is no because no buoyancy means no gravity waves", "0FpesKtzyT4-00341-00167998-00168440": "However, we can see another wave propagation mechanism", "0FpesKtzyT4-00342-00168440-00168780": "if we take both the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00343-00168780-00169296": "and the vertically decreasing density into account", "0FpesKtzyT4-00344-00169296-00170086": "The shading here denotes meridional planetary vorticity divided by density", "0FpesKtzyT4-00345-00170086-00170530": "or 2 Omega / rho", "0FpesKtzyT4-00346-00170530-00171364": "The compressional beta-effect is a vertical advection of the shaded quantity", "0FpesKtzyT4-00347-00171364-00171742": "And it transmits these circulations eastward", "0FpesKtzyT4-00348-00171742-00172092": "For example, the circulation in the middle", "0FpesKtzyT4-00349-00172092-00172972": "is associated with positive meridional vorticity", "0FpesKtzyT4-00350-00172972-00173294": "which points into the screen", "0FpesKtzyT4-00351-00173294-00173754": "And the downward motion on the east side", "0FpesKtzyT4-00352-00173754-00174274": "yields positive advection of the shaded quantity", "0FpesKtzyT4-00353-00174274-00174760": "which increases the meridional vorticity on the east side", "0FpesKtzyT4-00354-00174760-00175118": "The opposite is true for the west side", "0FpesKtzyT4-00355-00175118-00175596": "So the circulation propagates to the east", "0FpesKtzyT4-00356-00175596-00175990": "Then, slide number 22", "0FpesKtzyT4-00357-00175990-00176338": "Compressional beta-effect is first described", "0FpesKtzyT4-00358-00176338-00176716": "in a paper by Verhoeven and Stellmach", "0FpesKtzyT4-00359-00176716-00177500": "who derived the compressional Rossby wave solutions on an x-z plane", "0FpesKtzyT4-00360-00177500-00177832": "with a mistake in their derivation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00361-00177832-00178034": "This study corrects the mistake", "0FpesKtzyT4-00362-00178034-00179126": "and further expand the spatial domain to a 3-dimensional equatorial beta-plane", "0FpesKtzyT4-00363-00179126-00179688": "Theories about waves on an equatorial beta-plane have a long history", "0FpesKtzyT4-00364-00179688-00180392": "Matsuno derived the solutions with the shallow water model", "0FpesKtzyT4-00365-00180392-00180722": "In Holton and Hakim's textbook", "0FpesKtzyT4-00366-00180722-00181102": "we can find the solutions with an anelastic model", "0FpesKtzyT4-00367-00181102-00181534": "but without the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00368-00181534-00181890": "Fruman as well as Roundy and Janiga", "0FpesKtzyT4-00369-00181890-00182262": "derived the solutions with the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00370-00182262-00182576": "but with a Boussinesq model", "0FpesKtzyT4-00371-00182576-00183026": "None of these studies found the compressional beta-effect because", "0FpesKtzyT4-00372-00183026-00183794": "it needs both the nontraditional Coriolis terms and the vertically decreasing density", "0FpesKtzyT4-00373-00183794-00184442": "And the present study accounts for both of these ingredients", "0FpesKtzyT4-00374-00184442-00184708": "In addition, in my derivation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00375-00184708-00185588": "I put a factor alpha in the adiabatic term in the thermal dynamic equation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00376-00185588-00186054": "alpha = 1 means dry adiabatic", "0FpesKtzyT4-00377-00186054-00186350": "alpha between 0 and 1 means", "0FpesKtzyT4-00378-00186350-00186942": "partial offset of adiabatic effects by diabetic effects", "0FpesKtzyT4-00379-00186942-00187378": "where buoyancy frequency is effectively reduced", "0FpesKtzyT4-00380-00187378-00188120": "alpha = 0 means complete offset or effectively neutral", "0FpesKtzyT4-00381-00188120-00188586": "Then, slide number 23", "0FpesKtzyT4-00382-00188586-00189232": "Here shows the dispersion relations on a wavenumber-frequency space", "0FpesKtzyT4-00383-00189232-00189482": "for a strongly stable atmosphere", "0FpesKtzyT4-00384-00189482-00189806": "where the effective buoyancy frequency is", "0FpesKtzyT4-00385-00189806-00190296": "far larger than the meridional planetary vorticity", "0FpesKtzyT4-00386-00190296-00190858": "Curves on the right side denote eastward-propagating waves", "0FpesKtzyT4-00387-00190858-00191328": "and the left side denotes westward propagation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00388-00191328-00191642": "For the same wavenumber", "0FpesKtzyT4-00389-00191642-00192350": "a higher frequency means faster phase speed", "0FpesKtzyT4-00390-00192350-00192526": "In the strongly stable case", "0FpesKtzyT4-00391-00192526-00192908": "my solution is like the Matsuno's solution", "0FpesKtzyT4-00392-00192908-00193290": "and you cannot distinguish the black and red curves", "0FpesKtzyT4-00393-00193290-00193630": "where black denotes with the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00394-00193630-00193908": "and red without", "0FpesKtzyT4-00395-00193908-00194542": "Now watch and listen to this video", "0FpesKtzyT4-00396-00194542-00195238": "(Sound of piano played down the chromatic scale for 10 octaves)", "0FpesKtzyT4-00397-00195238-00195690": "The sound frequency played here is proportional to", "0FpesKtzyT4-00398-00195690-00196318": "the effective buoyancy frequency used to plot each frame of the animation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00399-00196318-00196640": "Please pay attention to the frequency axis", "0FpesKtzyT4-00400-00196640-00197016": "and the separation of black and red curves", "0FpesKtzyT4-00401-00197016-00197610": "Let's watch again", "0FpesKtzyT4-00402-00197610-00198330": "(Sound of piano played down the chromatic scale for 10 octaves)", "0FpesKtzyT4-00403-00198330-00198702": "With the effective buoyancy frequency decreasing", "0FpesKtzyT4-00404-00198702-00199016": "the phase speed also decreases", "0FpesKtzyT4-00405-00199016-00199686": "As you can see the frequency axis shrinks", "0FpesKtzyT4-00406-00199686-00199934": "And the solutions with and without", "0FpesKtzyT4-00407-00199934-00200266": "the nontraditional Coriolis term separate farther", "0FpesKtzyT4-00408-00200266-00200928": "while the frequency - the effective buoyancy frequency - is decreasing", "0FpesKtzyT4-00409-00200928-00201166": "In the last frame", "0FpesKtzyT4-00410-00201166-00201412": "it is effectively neutral", "0FpesKtzyT4-00411-00201412-00201816": "and the solutions without the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00412-00201816-00202004": "no longer exists", "0FpesKtzyT4-00413-00202004-00202512": "But we still find solutions with the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00414-00202512-00203206": "And this is the compressional Rossby wave solution", "0FpesKtzyT4-00415-00203206-00203886": "which propagates eastward at a phase speed of 1/4 m/s", "0FpesKtzyT4-00416-00203886-00205506": "Then, slide number 24", "0FpesKtzyT4-00417-00205506-00205846": "This is a new figure created yesterday", "0FpesKtzyT4-00418-00205846-00206330": "The compressional beta-effect can serve as a contributor", "0FpesKtzyT4-00419-00206330-00206704": "to the eastward propagation of MJO", "0FpesKtzyT4-00420-00206704-00207412": "Here shows the zonal vertical distribution of the compressional beta-effect", "0FpesKtzyT4-00421-00207412-00207602": "which is *shaded*", "0FpesKtzyT4-00422-00207602-00208102": "and the local tendency of meridional vorticity *contoured*", "0FpesKtzyT4-00423-00208102-00208469": "These are calculated from the ERA-Interim data", "0FpesKtzyT4-00424-00208469-00209058": "and are regressed upon MJO-filtered tropical rainfall at 90 degree East", "0FpesKtzyT4-00425-00209058-00209573": "which is marked with the green arrow", "0FpesKtzyT4-00426-00209573-00210480": "In the mid-upper troposphere in the MJO-active region over the arrow and around", "0FpesKtzyT4-00427-00210480-00211376": "- this region - the meridional vorticity is decreasing as you see the dashed contours", "0FpesKtzyT4-00428-00211376-00212044": "Or in other words, the vertical wind shear is changing toward easterly", "0FpesKtzyT4-00429-00212044-00212617": "Meanwhile, in the same region, the upward motion in the active-MJO", "0FpesKtzyT4-00430-00212617-00213273": "yields negative advection of planetary vorticity divided by density", "0FpesKtzyT4-00431-00213273-00213866": "In other words, there is a negative compressional beta-effect", "0FpesKtzyT4-00432-00213866-00214623": "In terms of the minimum negative values", "0FpesKtzyT4-00433-00214623-00215019": "the compressional beta-effect contributes 11%", "0FpesKtzyT4-00434-00215019-00215728": "of the meridional vorticity tendency associated with the MJO", "0FpesKtzyT4-00435-00215728-00216273": "In summary, slide number 25", "0FpesKtzyT4-00436-00216273-00216830": "In linear models, the nontraditional Coriolis terms affect", "0FpesKtzyT4-00437-00216830-00217417": "the flow response to heat sources by roughly 10%", "0FpesKtzyT4-00438-00217417-00217954": "and the hypsometric relation by roughly 5%", "0FpesKtzyT4-00439-00217954-00218840": "and the equatorial wave phase speed by roughly 1/4 m/s", "0FpesKtzyT4-00440-00218840-00219596": "or the meridional vorticity tendency associated with MJO by roughly 10%", "0FpesKtzyT4-00441-00219596-00220088": "Unlike many numerical errors in the models", "0FpesKtzyT4-00442-00220088-00220616": "these effects don't start small and grow large with the time integration", "0FpesKtzyT4-00443-00220616-00221240": "Instead, omitting these effects biases the initial pressure-height relation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00444-00221240-00221823": "and biases the zonal wind and wave propagation every time step", "0FpesKtzyT4-00445-00221823-00222616": "These biases may grow even larger if nonlinear processes are considered", "0FpesKtzyT4-00446-00222616-00223090": "which is left for future studies", "0FpesKtzyT4-00447-00223090-00223628": "These results encourage restoring the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00448-00223628-00224000": "into the models for more-accurate simulations for", "0FpesKtzyT4-00449-00224000-00224492": "MJO, CCEWs, and ITCZ-forced flow", "0FpesKtzyT4-00450-00224492-00224994": "This restoration is not going to resolve all the problems", "0FpesKtzyT4-00451-00224994-00225412": "and the importance of improving the representation of", "0FpesKtzyT4-00452-00225412-00225754": "physical processes is not downgraded", "0FpesKtzyT4-00453-00225754-00226146": "However, the restoration of the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00454-00226146-00226621": "should be among the top priorities of model development because", "0FpesKtzyT4-00455-00226621-00227460": "all other parts of the development depend on the choice of governing equations", "0FpesKtzyT4-00456-00227460-00228028": "And to validate the implementation of the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00457-00228028-00228567": "the compressional Rossby wave test can be used as a benchmark", "0FpesKtzyT4-00458-00228567-00228926": "Slide number 26", "0FpesKtzyT4-00459-00228926-00229638": "This test aims to push the dry-dynamical parameters to a limit that is", "0FpesKtzyT4-00460-00229638-00230294": "relevant to moist physics but difficult to test without modeling the moist physics", "0FpesKtzyT4-00461-00230294-00230748": "Accordingly, I used three special treatments", "0FpesKtzyT4-00462-00230748-00231448": "equatorial f-plane, fast planetary rotation, and barotropic gas", "0FpesKtzyT4-00463-00231448-00232258": "I included the nontraditional Coriolis terms into the MPAS atmospheric dynamical core", "0FpesKtzyT4-00464-00232258-00232969": "and used the upgraded dynamical core to simulate the compressional Rossby waves", "0FpesKtzyT4-00465-00232969-00233578": "And the animation you see here shows the results", "0FpesKtzyT4-00466-00233578-00233919": "The numerical solution in green contours", "0FpesKtzyT4-00467-00233919-00234390": "overlaps the analytical solution in black contours", "0FpesKtzyT4-00468-00234390-00234966": "So you can't really distinguish the two types of contours", "0FpesKtzyT4-00469-00234966-00235680": "which validates the implementation of the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00470-00235680-00236230": "For the future, slide number 27", "0FpesKtzyT4-00471-00236230-00236676": "I have a proposal titled", "0FpesKtzyT4-00472-00236676-00237210": "Effects of the nontraditional Coriolis terms in atmospheric models", "0FpesKtzyT4-00473-00237210-00237666": "It aims to explore possible nonlinear effects", "0FpesKtzyT4-00474-00237666-00238430": "and possible linkage to biases in ITCZ configuration and MJO propagation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00475-00238430-00238860": "I plan to assist the inclusion of the nontraditional Coriolis terms", "0FpesKtzyT4-00476-00238860-00239286": "into the NOAA FV3 model", "0FpesKtzyT4-00477-00239286-00239662": "It may lead the modeling community to a new era", "0FpesKtzyT4-00478-00239662-00240423": "where people build their models upon a sufficiently accurate governing equation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00479-00240423-00240671": "With this proposal, I was awarded the", "0FpesKtzyT4-00480-00240671-00241038": "NOAA Climate and Global Change postdoctoral fellowship", "0FpesKtzyT4-00481-00241040-00241317": "But I declined this award because it doesn't allow", "0FpesKtzyT4-00482-00241317-00241798": "bringing the fellowship to an institution other than the proposed one", "0FpesKtzyT4-00483-00241798-00242354": "So the proposed study is to be done at UC Davis", "0FpesKtzyT4-00484-00242354-00243021": "Finally, slide number 28, acknowledgments", "0FpesKtzyT4-00485-00243021-00243576": "This study would not have been done without my advisor Paul Roundy", "0FpesKtzyT4-00486-00243576-00244216": "I first knew Paul by an email correspondence in 2016", "0FpesKtzyT4-00487-00244216-00244778": "That was before I attended the Conference on Hurricane and Tropical Meteorology", "0FpesKtzyT4-00488-00244778-00245340": "in San Juan, Puerto Rico", "0FpesKtzyT4-00489-00245340-00245802": "Paul, as a chair of that conference, sent the attendees", "0FpesKtzyT4-00490-00245802-00246167": "an email about something that I don't remember", "0FpesKtzyT4-00491-00246167-00246506": "But I still remember his email signature here", "0FpesKtzyT4-00492-00246506-00247184": "See that creature climbing on the business card", "0FpesKtzyT4-00493-00247184-00247876": "With that first impression, then two years ago", "0FpesKtzyT4-00494-00247876-00248096": "I asked Paul to be my advisor", "0FpesKtzyT4-00495-00248096-00248782": "after I googled the term \"nontraditional Coriolis terms\" and found Paul's paper", "0FpesKtzyT4-00496-00248782-00249123": "And this turns out to be a great decision", "0FpesKtzyT4-00497-00249123-00249578": "Paul cares for me, supports me, and guided me", "0FpesKtzyT4-00498-00249578-00249954": "Paul is also extraordinarily accessible", "0FpesKtzyT4-00499-00249954-00250436": "His office is usually open for walk-in advice", "0FpesKtzyT4-00500-00250436-00250769": "And he usually responds quickly to emails", "0FpesKtzyT4-00501-00250769-00251064": "So, thank you, Paul", "0FpesKtzyT4-00502-00251064-00251273": "Slide number 29", "0FpesKtzyT4-00503-00251273-00251578": "Many thanks to my other committee members", "0FpesKtzyT4-00504-00251578-00251980": "Brian Rose, Rob Fovell, and Bill Skamarock", "0FpesKtzyT4-00505-00251980-00252438": "Their comments improved the quality of this dissertation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00506-00252438-00252723": "Bill also provided a tutorial", "0FpesKtzyT4-00507-00252723-00253242": "that makes the development of the MPAS possible in this study", "0FpesKtzyT4-00508-00253242-00253514": "Many thanks to my audiences", "0FpesKtzyT4-00509-00253514-00253986": "First thanks to those attended my defense rehearsal", "0FpesKtzyT4-00510-00253986-00254569": "Ahmed, Ajay, Hsiao-chun, Minghao, and Fangze", "0FpesKtzyT4-00511-00254569-00254932": "Also, thanks to those attended my (presentation in)", "0FpesKtzyT4-00512-00254932-00255732": "Prospectus Defense, Climate Group Meetings, Northeast Tropical Workshop,", "0FpesKtzyT4-00513-00255732-00256250": "AMS Annual Meeting, and AGU Fall Meetings", "0FpesKtzyT4-00514-00256250-00256678": "Moreover, thanks to those attended my invited talks at", "0FpesKtzyT4-00515-00256678-00257290": "UC Davis, MIT, NCAR, and Taiwanese institutions including", "0FpesKtzyT4-00516-00257290-00257976": "NTU, Academia Sinica, and Central Weather Bureau", "0FpesKtzyT4-00517-00257976-00258576": "The reactions of my audiences helped me improving my presentation", "0FpesKtzyT4-00518-00258576-00259310": "Many thanks to DAES staffs, Chaina, Annie, Barb, Kevin, and Ash", "0FpesKtzyT4-00519-00259310-00259971": "for making all those administrative and technical issues so easy for me", "0FpesKtzyT4-00520-00259971-00260214": "Slide number 30", "0FpesKtzyT4-00521-00260214-00260664": "Many thanks to my former PhD adviser Wei-Chyung Wang", "0FpesKtzyT4-00522-00260664-00261028": "for bringing me in and caring for me", "0FpesKtzyT4-00523-00261028-00261726": "Many thanks to my master's advisor at NTU, Chien-Ming Wu and Hung-Chi Kuo", "0FpesKtzyT4-00524-00261726-00262244": "for their rigorous training in scientific writing and atmospheric dynamics", "0FpesKtzyT4-00525-00262244-00263020": "Many thanks to Marat Khairoutdinov for his inspiring talk on March 26, two years ago", "0FpesKtzyT4-00526-00263020-00263512": "Many thanks to all DAES and ASRC faculties and students", "0FpesKtzyT4-00527-00263512-00263966": "for making such a friendly research environment", "0FpesKtzyT4-00528-00263966-00264472": "Many thanks to my teammates in our soccer team, Snow Squall Squad", "0FpesKtzyT4-00529-00264472-00265680": "Many thanks to my wife and my children", "0FpesKtzyT4-00530-00265680-00265820": "Slide number 31", "0FpesKtzyT4-00531-00265820-00266324": "Many thanks to those who funded me during my three-year study", "0FpesKtzyT4-00532-00266324-00266849": "ASRC offered me the graduate fellowship in my first year", "0FpesKtzyT4-00533-00266850-00267216": "DAES has been offering me the teaching assistantship", "0FpesKtzyT4-00534-00267216-00267498": "in my second and third year", "0FpesKtzyT4-00535-00267498-00267822": "Taiwanese Ministry of Education has been offering me", "0FpesKtzyT4-00536-00267822-00268324": "the Government Scholarship to Study Abroad in my third year", "0FpesKtzyT4-00537-00268324-00268898": "Paul's grant from the NSF funded my summer wages and trips to conferences", "0FpesKtzyT4-00538-00268898-00269184": "My parents and parents-in-law partially funded", "0FpesKtzyT4-00539-00269184-00269544": "some of my needs like my car and trips to Taiwan", "0FpesKtzyT4-00540-00269544-00269718": "Next slides", "0FpesKtzyT4-00541-00269718-00269898": "If you are interested in using", "0FpesKtzyT4-00542-00269898-00270510": "the linear forced-dissipative model or the compressional Rossby wave test", "0FpesKtzyT4-00543-00270510-00271028": "please find the Matlab scripts or the Fortran module below", "0FpesKtzyT4-00544-00271028-00271352": "And that's all, thank you"}}, {"audio_id": "0F_SA0dmZUu", "text": {"0F_SA0dmZUu-00000-00002302-00002810": "I love the old man and has nothing against him.", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00001-00002828-00003497": "Except…his horrible eyes, which is \"pale blue with a film over it\"", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00002-00003558-00004396": "I hate the eye and decide to kill the old man to be free of it.", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00003-00006370-00006545": "Good morning", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00004-00006570-00006676": "Good morning", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00005-00006693-00006813": "Sit down, please!", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00006-00007122-00007380": "How are you, today?", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00007-00007380-00007512": "I'm fine, thanks", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00008-00007540-00008081": "It had been 2 month, that you had not pay money for rent room", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00009-00008202-00009184": "I really sorry to be honest, I'll try to earn money day by day, I promise, I will pay money for you", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00010-00009202-00009402": "Please, please", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00011-00009524-00010060": "Ok Ok , I can understand and sympathy for you", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00012-00013768-00013926": "You feel better", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00013-00014434-00014746": "Call me anytime you need", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00014-00015580-00016097": "I go to the old man's room every night at 12am", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00015-00016134-00016306": "for seven days.", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00016-00016334-00016534": "I put my head", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00017-00016555-00016755": "through the doorway", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00018-00016834-00017052": "extremely slowly", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00019-00017137-00017267": "slowly", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00020-00017330-00017688": "and then opens the flashlight", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00021-00017726-00017836": "Each night", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00022-00017876-00018076": "the old man", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00023-00018120-00018336": "doesn't open his eyes", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00024-00018372-00018610": "I can not kill him", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00025-00019032-00019292": "Who? Who is that?", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00026-00024254-00024382": "On the eighth night", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00027-00024498-00024602": "I hang out there", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00028-00024602-00024652": "in the dark", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00029-00024690-00024786": "for a long time", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00030-00024868-00024918": "Then", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00031-00024986-00025150": "with a scream", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00032-00025150-00025464": "plunges into the totally dark room", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00033-00025464-00025660": "opening the flashlight", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00034-00025677-00026162": "and shining light on the old man's eye", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00035-00026182-00026520": "I drags the old man out of the bed", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00036-00026544-00026950": "When I hear the man's heart stop beating", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00037-00027072-00027614": "he removes the old man and check to make sure the old man is really dead", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00038-00027716-00028186": "So I cut him up and hides his remains into valise.", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00039-00036557-00036659": "His eyes", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00040-00036676-00036798": "Where?", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00041-00037178-00037314": "he died", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00042-00037496-00037602": "forever", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00043-00037734-00038008": "Forever, forever", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00044-00038370-00038556": "Who is that?", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00045-00038988-00039250": "Hello, what's happen?", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00046-00039424-00039594": "We are policemen", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00047-00039668-00039878": "I'm sorry to disturb", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00048-00039900-00040196": "A scream had been heard by neighbor during at the night", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00049-00040218-00040298": "Oh my god!", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00050-00040298-00040520": "I scream while sleeping", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00051-00040652-00041206": "So, I want to check your boss to confirm what everything you say exactly", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00052-00041206-00041328": "Ok, follow me", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00053-00041672-00041848": "Come in, please!", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00054-00041970-00042116": "This is his room", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00055-00042410-00042724": "I don't see your boss stay at home", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00056-00042842-00043176": "Oh, he come back his home town 2 day ago", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00057-00043274-00043438": "Everything here", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00058-00043441-00043681": "You can check everything if you want", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00059-00044123-00044315": "all of thing didn't be stolen", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00060-00044328-00044406": "Of cource!", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00061-00044432-00044514": "Ok , Well", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00062-00044570-00044814": "Sit down, please!", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00063-00044814-00044864": "Thanks", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00064-00045016-00045334": "Would you like to drink water?", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00065-00045368-00045466": "Of cource", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00066-00045704-00046056": "For you , for you", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00067-00047212-00047570": "The investigation had finish?", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00068-00047589-00047753": "Yes, It had finished", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00069-00047798-00048000": "Who is the killer?", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00070-00048046-00048544": "Oh my god, he is a young man, so handsome . What a pity", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00071-00048730-00049052": "Excuse me! That's all everything", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00072-00049102-00049236": "Why did he kill them?", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00073-00049282-00049428": "He so crazy", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00074-00049536-00049814": "I have something to do now", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00075-00050456-00050950": "He cut cut cut and cut dead body", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00076-00050969-00051265": "Oh sorry , just kidding", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00077-00051429-00051817": "Just kidding, So funny", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00078-00053090-00053379": "Oh my God", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00079-00053379-00053610": "What's happen", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00080-00053688-00053841": "I'm killer", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00081-00053896-00054272": "I kill my boss. Here", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00082-00054896-00055066": "Lets keep him", "0F_SA0dmZUu-00083-00055578-00055728": "Follow me"}}, {"audio_id": "0FB0GdfOGyQ", "text": {"0FB0GdfOGyQ-00000-00000000-00000200": "ENGLISH"}}, {"audio_id": "0FFHtbESThg", "text": {"0FFHtbESThg-00000-00000000-00000438": "Courtney, I'm just wondering the impeachment stuff does it enter into", "0FFHtbESThg-00001-00000438-00000846": "your equation on the markets it's a great unknown we kind of know how it's", "0FFHtbESThg-00002-00000846-00001215": "going to finish..yeah.. but play it out for me I think you", "0FFHtbESThg-00003-00001215-00001467": "kind of have to ignore some of these headlines that are out there so whether", "0FFHtbESThg-00004-00001467-00001755": "it's impeachment or trade wars or Iran there's always gonna be something else", "0FFHtbESThg-00005-00001755-00002078": "around the corner so you need to just make sure you're looking at how is the", "0FFHtbESThg-00006-00002078-00002457": "economy right now in the economy is still on really strong footing and for", "0FFHtbESThg-00007-00002457-00002817": "any of my clients or any my investors we're looking at your long-term time", "0FFHtbESThg-00008-00002817-00003303": "horizon .. so what is long term for them? Your clients? I mean realistically", "0FFHtbESThg-00009-00003303-00003600": "we're talking about your entire lifetime but even over the next couple of years..", "0FFHtbESThg-00010-00003600-00003974": "you get to my age long term gets to be lunch tomorrow ..", "0FFHtbESThg-00011-00003974-00004101": "You know one of the things that a lot of the", "0FFHtbESThg-00012-00004101-00004401": "administration officials have been touting and maybe", "0FFHtbESThg-00013-00004401-00004752": "the president outlines it in Davos tomorrow is that there's a lot more to", "0FFHtbESThg-00014-00004752-00005169": "come they're gonna be targeted tax cuts course I would imagine that would depend", "0FFHtbESThg-00015-00005169-00005511": "on a Republican House to work with the President on that but that they're", "0FFHtbESThg-00016-00005511-00005912": "bigger better things to come there's a another trade deal but they hope a trade", "0FFHtbESThg-00017-00005912-00006344": "deal that won't be as nasty as we have with China with Europe how is that all", "0FFHtbESThg-00018-00006344-00006825": "gonna go all of these things are taking away a lot of the uncertainty that the", "0FFHtbESThg-00019-00006825-00007122": "markets have right now because when you look at last year what I find really", "0FFHtbESThg-00020-00007122-00007520": "fascinating is despite the fact that the markets did so fantastic in 2019", "0FFHtbESThg-00021-00007520-00007847": "investors are still really nervous and they have been pulling money out of the", "0FFHtbESThg-00022-00007847-00008162": "markets and adding money to money markets.. well that could be a healthy", "0FFHtbESThg-00023-00008162-00008283": "development there's enough skittishness out there right?", "0FFHtbESThg-00024-00008283-00008664": "Yeah I actually see that as a positive sign but you do have things like trade", "0FFHtbESThg-00025-00008664-00008967": "wars that have been over weighing investors fears of getting their money", "0FFHtbESThg-00026-00008967-00009306": "invested so getting a lot of that lifted and if there is more to come I see that", "0FFHtbESThg-00027-00009306-00009593": "as a really positive sign."}}, {"audio_id": "0FMV6YpNjNA", "text": {"0FMV6YpNjNA-00000-00000268-00000674": "Hi, guys, I'm Molly Jane, and I just wanted to give a huge THANK YOU for helping us reach", "0FMV6YpNjNA-00001-00000674-00000890": "50,000 subscribers!", "0FMV6YpNjNA-00002-00000890-00001380": "Every new subscriber to us gets us just excited as our very first subscriber, and it means", "0FMV6YpNjNA-00003-00001380-00001630": "we cherish each and every single one of you.", "0FMV6YpNjNA-00004-00001630-00001748": "And thank you!"}}, {"audio_id": "0FP_PwrrC4I", "text": {"0FP_PwrrC4I-00000-00000000-00010506": "🎵Music🎵"}}, {"audio_id": "0Famr_fNKzy", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "0G9G0u5s_QI", "text": {"0G9G0u5s_QI-00000-00000105-00000643": ">> All right, so as you all probably read,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00001-00000643-00001143": "I am looking to start a pilot workgroup", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00002-00001143-00001639": "and the hope is that eventually this will grow into two additional workgroups,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00003-00001639-00002099": "one that focuses on the early literacy age, that birth to five,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00004-00002099-00002703": "and then one that focuses on YA and pre-teen and teen, that 12 and up.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00005-00002703-00003239": "And so before we do that though, I do have some exciting news", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00006-00003239-00003694": "that I have been sitting on pins and needles waiting to share with everybody.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00007-00003694-00004148": "And I'm still waiting on my FLYP Forward to be approved", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00008-00004148-00004876": "so I'm going to sidetrack us for about 30 seconds because I have you captive here.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00009-00004876-00005318": "I am starting a FLYP Performers Directory because I know that", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00010-00005318-00005739": "you all have been asking for this for years.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00011-00005739-00006119": "And we have finally got everything up.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00012-00006119-00006391": "Yes, Amy Jane, woo-hoo.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00013-00006391-00006906": "That is, you know, I've been waiting and waiting and waiting to announce this,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00014-00006906-00007369": "and so I feel like, you know, I don't know.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00015-00007369-00007636": "I'm really good at keeping secrets usually,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00016-00007636-00007994": "but then there are certain secrets like this that I just as soon as I'm approved", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00017-00007994-00008450": "and I'm given the go-ahead I want to shout it from the rooftops.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00018-00008450-00008900": "So I did just put that link in the chat box for you all to check out later", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00019-00008900-00009188": "that we are opening it.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00020-00009188-00009609": "There's going to be more information in my next FLYP Forward.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00021-00009609-00009849": "But I know that this is something everybody has been wanting", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00022-00009849-00010070": "and so we're going to make it happen.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00023-00010070-00010279": "We're making it happen.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00024-00010279-00010787": "So yay, thank you for letting me hijack you for about 15 seconds.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00025-00010787-00011089": "So the FLYP Children's Workgroup, we do have a page", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00026-00011089-00011609": "on the FLYP website with information about this workgroup.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00027-00011609-00012050": "And we over the last year and a half especially,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00028-00012050-00012879": "we have done a lot of meeting online and virtual brainstorming, sharing ideas.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00029-00012879-00013273": "And that has been absolutely wonderful, and I love those moments", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00030-00013273-00013630": "where we all get to come together and hear what you all are doing", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00031-00013630-00014019": "and help each other troubleshoot programming challenges", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00032-00014019-00014371": "and marketing challenges and all these other things.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00033-00014371-00014639": "And one thing that I love more than getting together", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00034-00014639-00015321": "and talking about all these amazing stuff is getting together and actually doing things.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00035-00015321-00015769": "And because coming together virtually has become so commonplace,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00036-00015769-00016495": "I think know is also just an amazing time to be able to try to launch something like this.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00037-00016495-00017385": "And so I am establishing this workgroup, and it going to be kind of formal.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00038-00017385-00017748": "It's not going to be the kind of thing where you come to a meeting", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00039-00017748-00018094": "and then we have another meeting, and then we talk about stuff,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00040-00018094-00018230": "and then we do more talking.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00041-00018230-00018785": "My intention here is for us as a group to be very hands on to set goals,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00042-00018785-00019154": "to develop projects and to work through those together", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00043-00019154-00019700": "so that we can actually start putting out more materials for everybody statewide.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00044-00019700-00020023": "So I've created this informational booklet,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00045-00020023-00020411": "and you can find this on the website and I will also send it to you.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00046-00020411-00020703": "I'm going to go through it a little bit today.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00047-00020703-00020953": "I'm not going to read it word for word.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00048-00020953-00021396": "You call can do that when you have some time to go through.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00049-00021396-00021767": "And I'm going to try to scroll slowly so I don't make", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00050-00021767-00022318": "you feel like you're on a rollercoaster or a whirly ride.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00051-00022318-00022897": "But my intention here is we do have an actual application", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00052-00022897-00023458": "process because this is a bit of a commitment.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00053-00023458-00023823": "Now that being said, there is an application process", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00054-00023823-00024375": "but this isn't a situation of I'm only accepting so many people.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00055-00024375-00025169": "It's really just because again I want this to be a very formal group.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00056-00025169-00025559": "Right now I'm calling it the Children's Library Services Workgroup,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00057-00025559-00025959": "but I'm hoping once we have a group established that we can maybe come together", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00058-00025959-00026595": "and come up with a name that's a little bit jazzier than that.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00059-00026595-00027361": "So I know how amazing the Youth Services library staff across Florida is because", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00060-00027361-00028039": "I get to see and hear about all these amazing and creative things that you all are doing.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00061-00028039-00028355": "And so I really wanted to tap into that", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00062-00028355-00028932": "because I could sit here in Tallahassee and put out project after project after project.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00063-00028932-00029822": "But I feel like by partnering and collaborating those projects", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00064-00029822-00030323": "will come out a whole lot more robust, more meaningful", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00065-00030323-00030774": "because you all are the ones doing programs in and out every day.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00066-00030774-00031162": "And I want to do my best to support you all.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00067-00031162-00031911": "And so, yeah, and so anybody who works in a Florida library", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00068-00031911-00032678": "or if we have folks who are retired or up and coming MLIS students", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00069-00032678-00033251": "or people who are really passionate about that ages 5 to 11,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00070-00033251-00033806": "those are the people that I really want to tap into to pull together.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00071-00033806-00034222": "And then again for those of you, if you work with multiple ages,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00072-00034222-00034676": "my hope is that once we sort of figure out how this process", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00073-00034676-00035067": "is going to work that we will then sort of expand this", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00074-00035067-00035601": "and I can replicate it for the other two major age groups", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00075-00035601-00036095": "that libraries serve from zero to 18.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00076-00036095-00036793": "The time commitment, because I don't know about you all but some days are busy, right?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00077-00036793-00037163": "We all have other things going on.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00078-00037163-00037948": "The setup for this is that we will have an all come together; sorry, my microphone.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00079-00037948-00038396": "We will have a come together meeting once a month, and we will try to find a time", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00080-00038396-00039100": "that fits best for everybody who decides to sign up and be a part of this workgroup.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00081-00039100-00039798": "In addition to that, whatever projects that you decide that you want to volunteer", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00082-00039798-00040318": "and be a part of, they have additional meeting times outside of that", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00083-00040318-00040846": "to get together and share ideas and sort of talk through.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00084-00040846-00041395": "And in a little bit I will show you sort of the general outline for the year.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00085-00041395-00041812": "And again this is a pilot, which means that it's very flexible.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00086-00041812-00042274": "If we get in this and we start moving forward and we decide this timeline", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00087-00042274-00042814": "isn't working or this part of a process isn't working,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00088-00042814-00043343": "this is sort of the guinea pig stage to figure out how best to make this work,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00089-00043343-00043886": "especially because we are spread out all across the state.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00090-00043886-00044084": "And I have a little section down here.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00091-00044084-00044490": "Why should I join?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00092-00044490-00045364": "You all are so impactful on your local community level, and many of you;", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00093-00045364-00045938": "I know I have several of you who have also worked with FLYP on a statewide level.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00094-00045938-00046524": "And impact can just be so life-changing for somebody professionally.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00095-00046524-00047076": "And so I think it's so important that when we have an opportunity", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00096-00047076-00047524": "to really be involved with projects that we're passionate about,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00097-00047524-00047783": "it helps keep us motivated.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00098-00047783-00048066": "It helps prevent burnout when we can sort of", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00099-00048066-00048615": "take on these other projects that really excite us.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00100-00048615-00049175": "And then you get to impact your colleagues all across the state, which is just amazing.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00101-00049175-00049529": "And then there's the professional consideration.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00102-00049529-00050009": "Your name, your credit will go on the work that you do,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00103-00050009-00050638": "and that's always good for resumes and portfolios along with the warm fuzzies", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00104-00050638-00051383": "of getting to do something that you genuinely love to do.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00105-00051383-00051668": "I'm trying not to scroll too fast.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00106-00051668-00051923": "I don't want to make anybody dizzy.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00107-00051923-00052315": "So here is sort of an overview timeline because my intention", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00108-00052315-00053022": "is to open up applications once a year for new people to join.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00109-00053022-00053265": "And then of course if anybody after a year decides that", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00110-00053265-00053585": "they just don't have the time commitment", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00111-00053585-00053903": "or they're ready to move onto other things,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00112-00053903-00054367": "it sort of provides a great transitional period for that.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00113-00054367-00054630": "And again this is just a starting point.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00114-00054630-00054844": "We may get in and decide that it's not working.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00115-00054844-00055196": "We need to do something different.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00116-00055196-00055638": "So September, Octoberish is the application window.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00117-00055638-00056030": "We've got an application ready to go.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00118-00056030-00056380": "The link is on the website which again I will send out.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00119-00056380-00057036": "It's also, if you have seen on the very front page of this, oh, great,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00120-00057036-00057913": "Katherine, that there's also a QR code if you're mobile and it's easier to just do it that way.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00121-00057913-00058483": "That application window will close October 31st at which point I can go through", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00122-00058483-00059167": "and start trying to figure out when the best time for everybody to meet in November.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00123-00059167-00059681": "During that November meeting will sort of be a chance for everybody who signs up", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00124-00059681-00060231": "just to get to know each other, find out where we're at in the state,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00125-00060231-00060654": "what sort of communities we're representing.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00126-00060654-00060900": "Do we have folks from rural libraries?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00127-00060900-00061110": "Do we have more urban libraries?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00128-00061110-00061431": "That sort of thing.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00129-00061431-00061825": "I think the more representation we have of areas the better", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00130-00061825-00062143": "and the stronger this workgroup will be.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00131-00062143-00062418": "And then we'll start talking about our goals and our priorities", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00132-00062418-00063083": "and what we want to accomplish and really try to figure out what the best meeting days,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00133-00063083-00063508": "what our expectations are of each other as a group.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00134-00063508-00063871": "Hopefully come up with a better name for this group", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00135-00063871-00064347": "than workgroup because that just sounds so stiff and formal.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00136-00064347-00064566": "And for those of you who've been working with me for a couple years,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00137-00064566-00065318": "you know that I am not a very stiff and formal individual.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00138-00065318-00065895": "So then moving into December, which I do realize is a very busy time for different reasons.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00139-00065895-00066273": "It's not quite summer programming busy, but I know a", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00140-00066273-00066764": "lot of people start taking off for vacations and having to cover.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00141-00066764-00067321": "But December I do want us to get together and really decide on", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00142-00067321-00067779": "at least two projects that we're going to move forward on.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00143-00067779-00068130": "And that will be the first opportunity for people to sign up", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00144-00068130-00068596": "for those projects moving forward.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00145-00068596-00068833": "At which point those groups, I will make sure you are", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00146-00068833-00069311": "all connected through an email chain for whichever projects", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00147-00069311-00070002": "you want to work on so that a lot of communication can be handled through email.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00148-00070002-00070836": "I will be part of any project, any group that we decide to create.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00149-00070836-00071172": "My recommendation would be that because this is something new", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00150-00071172-00071899": "that we start with maybe a couple of projects that are not massive", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00151-00071899-00072223": "just so we can sort of get our flow and our process", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00152-00072223-00072663": "and make sure that we're being realistic with ourselves.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00153-00072663-00072961": "I know sometimes I tend to dream really, really, really big,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00154-00072961-00073556": "which is great but I value the people who then try to bring me back down to earth", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00155-00073556-00074271": "and turn those big dreams and big plans into actionable steps.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00156-00074271-00074807": "And because the beautiful thing is that we can always add things as we go along.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00157-00074807-00075276": "January again coming back together and having those", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00158-00075276-00075860": "project committees meet at least once before that monthly meeting.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00159-00075860-00076185": "So my hope is that each of the projects we'll meet before we have", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00160-00076185-00076551": "our big all coming together monthly meeting", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00161-00076551-00076999": "so that we can update each other on how things are going.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00162-00076999-00077287": "And then so February through August, that's a really", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00163-00077287-00077607": "big timeframe that also includes summer, and I know this.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00164-00077607-00077975": "Again the plan is just to keep up with the monthly meetings", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00165-00077975-00078731": "and the committees continuing to work towards whatever that project might be.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00166-00078731-00079167": "May is the halfway point, and I do realize that is during summer.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00167-00079167-00079882": "But hopefully it's just a quick check-in, but it's also a good point", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00168-00079882-00080308": "because it is our halfway point to sort of have an opportunity to talk about", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00169-00080308-00080735": "what's working well and decide, are there any other major areas", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00170-00080735-00081184": "that we want to pick up to finish out the year?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00171-00081184-00081447": "But again my hope is that we'll also have enough people", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00172-00081447-00081676": "where even if we have some of these larger projects", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00173-00081676-00082336": "that the piece that each person is responsible for is not a burden,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00174-00082336-00083143": "especially during those summer months because I know how kooky and hectic those can be.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00175-00083143-00083387": "And then September through August we'll start ramping up", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00176-00083387-00083904": "to open up the application process for the upcoming year.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00177-00083904-00084331": "And so while my hope is that we will be evaluating the workgroup throughout the year", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00178-00084331-00084663": "that this will really be the opportunity where we sit down", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00179-00084663-00085213": "and really just reflect on the previous year and decide how we want to prepare", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00180-00085213-00086082": "for new members and how to bring them into the group and into the projects.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00181-00086082-00086375": "And then the last page and then I will certainly stop", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00182-00086375-00086714": "talking after this so you all can ask questions.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00183-00086714-00086925": "Hopefully you have them.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00184-00086925-00087165": "So this is sort of just like a little;", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00185-00087165-00087440": "I hesitate to call it an FAQ because they can't really", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00186-00087440-00087845": "be frequently asked questions if nobody knew about this beforehand.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00187-00087845-00088372": "But these were some of the questions that I anticipated that people would ask.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00188-00088372-00088820": "In the first one, who chooses the projects?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00189-00088820-00089071": "Really I want this to be a workgroup.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00190-00089071-00089584": "I really don't want this to be me coming to the workgroup", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00191-00089584-00089908": "saying, all right, we need to do \"A\", \"B\" and \"C\".", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00192-00089908-00090172": "That is not how I envision this going.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00193-00090172-00090629": "So my plan is that the workgroup, we will decide as a group.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00194-00090629-00091042": "And these projects should sort of fall in line with the goals", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00195-00091042-00091410": "that we've set out for the year.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00196-00091410-00091624": "I'm happy to provide ideas.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00197-00091624-00091895": "I certainly have them.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00198-00091895-00092157": "I have some projects here sitting on my wish list", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00199-00092157-00092532": "that I'm happy to bring up to the group.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00200-00092532-00092786": "I think they are projects that would be fun,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00201-00092786-00093301": "and I think they would be stronger with the workgroup handling them versus just me.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00202-00093301-00093714": "But again ultimately I want this to be a chance for", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00203-00093714-00094368": "you all because you are out there planning the programming.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00204-00094368-00094712": "I want this to be an opportunity for you all to tell me what it is", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00205-00094712-00095058": "you really want and you really need, and then we brainstorm as a group", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00206-00095058-00095584": "on how to make that happen, and then we make it happen.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00207-00095584-00095999": "Katherine asked, are you thinking of reproducible program database list", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00208-00095999-00096525": "or statewide projects that all Florida libraries can contribute to the final project?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00209-00096525-00096994": "So Katherine, I think we'll have to decide that once we have our workgroup established.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00210-00096994-00097571": "I did have a star down here that talks about what are some examples of potential projects?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00211-00097571-00097988": "So some of the things that have popped into my head are definitely programming", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00212-00097988-00098562": "and resource toolkits because I think those are incredibly valuable.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00213-00098562-00099152": "I shared one out in one of my FLYP Forwards over the last couple months that I think;", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00214-00099152-00099315": "you all have to forgive me.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00215-00099315-00099642": "My memory is; my brain has turned into a marshmallow", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00216-00099642-00099885": "over the last year and a half.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00217-00099885-00100079": "I don't know about you all.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00218-00100079-00100428": "I think it was Ohio or Illinois or one of those northern states", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00219-00100428-00101111": "where they designed a toolkit on using Discord because so many libraries were using it.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00220-00101111-00101600": "And so they created this amazing toolkit on how to use it, how to approach it.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00221-00101600-00102231": "It was very responsive to library staff needs.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00222-00102231-00102701": "But I mean it could also be things like designing and developing", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00223-00102701-00103474": "downloadable bookmarks with literacy tips on it that libraries", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00224-00103474-00103813": "who maybe don't have the budget or they want something quick", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00225-00103813-00104231": "can go on and download and print out on cardstock.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00226-00104231-00104501": "It can be that low tech.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00227-00104501-00104810": "It can be a database if we've got the skill and the talent", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00228-00104810-00105196": "to make something like that happen.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00229-00105196-00105604": "The specific projects I think will ultimately come down to", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00230-00105604-00106444": "the workgroup and what abilities and skills and resources we have.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00231-00106444-00107112": "Did that answer your question in a roundabout kind of way?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00232-00107112-00107400": "Do you have to be involved in every project?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00233-00107400-00107635": "No, absolutely not.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00234-00107635-00107871": "Number one, everybody's busy.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00235-00107871-00108072": "You all are running programs.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00236-00108072-00108404": "You have patrons to help and assist.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00237-00108404-00108666": "You've got amazing, cool stuff going on.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00238-00108666-00109002": "Plus the great thing about this is it really gives you a chance", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00239-00109002-00109383": "to focus on the things that you genuinely love to do", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00240-00109383-00109827": "and that sort of just make you feel excited and bouncy,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00241-00109827-00110299": "you know, those passion projects.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00242-00110299-00110992": "And so we want to be able to make sure that we're being cognizant of everybody's schedule.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00243-00110992-00111516": "I'm hoping that the saying many hands make light work", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00244-00111516-00112032": "is really going to lend itself to making this successful.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00245-00112032-00112480": "And as I mentioned, we can always add more projects throughout the year.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00246-00112480-00112896": "I think some things that we come up with might be more of a time commitment,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00247-00112896-00113301": "a longer term effort.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00248-00113301-00113733": "And some things may take a few weeks to knock out.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00249-00113733-00114285": "It's just going to depend upon the scope of the project or the initiative.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00250-00114285-00114475": "And then I threw in this last one.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00251-00114475-00115203": "What happens if I volunteer and my availability changes?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00252-00115203-00115519": "That happens, right, especially right now.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00253-00115519-00115978": "Things are just really hard to predict, and we understand that.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00254-00115978-00116384": "We're a team and I plan for this to operate as a team.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00255-00116384-00116983": "And so if at any point you need to either pull out completely", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00256-00116983-00117399": "or you just need to pull back, you can reach out to me.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00257-00117399-00117556": "Reach out to your team.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00258-00117556-00117740": "We'll see how we can support you.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00259-00117740-00118151": "This isn't, this isn't the Hotel California.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00260-00118151-00118396": "If you check in, you can check out.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00261-00118396-00118770": "We will let you check out.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00262-00118770-00119203": "But that's also one reason why going into it I really want to", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00263-00119203-00120200": "encourage people to really evaluate their ability to commit to something like this.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00264-00120200-00120493": "And do you have the time?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00265-00120493-00120799": "Do you have the ability to really commit?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00266-00120799-00120975": "Things are going to happen.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00267-00120975-00121316": "Things are going to come up that are unexpected.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00268-00121316-00121691": "And Jenny asked, is membership limited to one person per organization?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00269-00121691-00121997": "No, absolutely not. Absolutely not.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00270-00121997-00122199": "The only thing I might encourage, Jenny,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00271-00122199-00122511": "is that depending on how big your organization is,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00272-00122511-00122986": "if there's only five of you and all five of you want to be involved,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00273-00122986-00123658": "you might have to sort of figure out on that local level how to sort of balance,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00274-00123658-00124101": "especially if you all are having to be out on the floor", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00275-00124101-00124435": "and in a meeting at the same time and that sort of thing.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00276-00124435-00124835": "But no, that's completely on your local level.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00277-00124835-00125283": "No, my hope is that this is an opportunity for folks", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00278-00125283-00125784": "who really just want to do more and have an impact to come around.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00279-00125784-00126004": "It's not;", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00280-00126004-00126343": "for some states they have groups like this that are", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00281-00126343-00126651": "part of their statewide library association.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00282-00126651-00126874": "And we don't have that.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00283-00126874-00127066": "And FLA's do a lot of wonderful things.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00284-00127066-00127279": "I know that there are some youth services groups that", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00285-00127279-00127967": "meet regionally to sort of swap and share ideas as well.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00286-00127967-00128528": "So really what I wanted to build here was a group that is", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00287-00128528-00128914": "going to make things happen for everybody statewide", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00288-00128914-00129172": "because I know how talented you all are.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00289-00129172-00129466": "I know how creative you all are.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00290-00129466-00130040": "And I am pretty good at keeping my thumb on the pulse of what's going on,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00291-00130040-00130488": "but I'm still not out there every day anymore like you all are.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00292-00130488-00131290": "And the longer I'm here the more removed I am from what you all are experiencing daily.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00293-00131290-00131783": "And so I think being able to do these projects with you all", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00294-00131783-00132127": "as part of this group with me and me working alongside you", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00295-00132127-00132789": "is really going to make this so much more valuable to everybody.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00296-00132789-00133460": "And so that's sort of this informational booklet in a nutshell.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00297-00133460-00133995": "Again I will send links in the follow-up email, and", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00298-00133995-00134402": "that will have the link for the application if you're interested.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00299-00134402-00134794": "We'll also make sure that we send out the recording to this.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00300-00134794-00135079": "So please also feel free to share it out to your colleagues", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00301-00135079-00135484": "if they weren't able to attend today or if you have somebody", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00302-00135484-00135964": "who you think would be fantastic and interested.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00303-00135964-00136432": "This is going to be a live and learn situation.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00304-00136432-00137007": "I have facilitated groups before, but this is a little different.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00305-00137007-00137581": "But I'm excited about where this could go, from the tiny little projects", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00306-00137581-00138256": "and once we really sort of dig in, I'm excited to see what we come up with and", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00307-00138256-00138896": "what we can do for our Florida Youth Services staff.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00308-00138896-00139196": "So that was my spiel.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00309-00139196-00139581": "If you have any questions, we don't have the whole room muted today.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00310-00139581-00139792": "I know we normally do that.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00311-00139792-00140180": "But if you have any questions, you can unmute and ask through your microphone", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00312-00140180-00140759": "or you can put it in the chat and we'll read it out loud.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00313-00140759-00141864": "So please feel free to ask questions.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00314-00143048-00144004": "Mulling it over.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00315-00144788-00145112": "All right, well, Olivia.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00316-00145112-00145346": "Am I still planning to stick with CSLP?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00317-00145346-00145503": "Oh, absolutely.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00318-00145503-00145791": "This is not at all replacing our summer program at all in any way.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00319-00145791-00146285": "Honestly Olivia, this is sort of; I have wanted.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00320-00146285-00146696": "So much of FLYP's focus is on summer programming and it is fantastic.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00321-00146696-00146997": "And summer is such a big part.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00322-00146997-00147399": "But I also really have been wanting to give equal attention", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00323-00147399-00148096": "to the non-summer season because we do,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00324-00148096-00148642": "we put so much time and effort into summer in the pre-planning and all that.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00325-00148642-00149031": "But you all are providing services and programming all year long,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00326-00149031-00149460": "and so this to me is sort of supplementing for the rest of the year", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00327-00149460-00149717": "and how we might be able to continue to meet needs", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00328-00149717-00150234": "and provide resources and inspiration and that sort of thing.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00329-00150234-00150906": "So CSLP is not going anywhere.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00330-00151018-00151448": "Jenny said this is very exciting and I'm looking forward to pulling together expertise.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00331-00151448-00151663": "It's always valuable.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00332-00151663-00152552": "I know you all are definitely my most valuable source of information.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00333-00152767-00153223": ">> Then Rebecca asks, is participation in the group for a specific length of time", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00334-00153223-00153658": "or can people stay on as long as they want?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00335-00153658-00153837": ">> As long as you want.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00336-00153837-00154325": "The great thing is I'm formalizing this, but at the end of the day it's not a board.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00337-00154325-00154581": "It's not a board of trustees or anything like that.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00338-00154581-00155053": "So there's not going to be after three years you must rotate off", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00339-00155053-00155503": "or anything like that at all.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00340-00155503-00155695": "The only thing I would ask is that if somebody does genuinely", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00341-00155695-00156208": "get to a point where they know, they know that they just don't have", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00342-00156208-00156944": "the resources and time to really dedicate that,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00343-00156944-00157672": "you know, that they'd be able to say you know what, I need to come back at another time.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00344-00157672-00157978": "And again projects might look different.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00345-00157978-00158258": "Some of these projects might only take a short while.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00346-00158258-00158456": "Some might be a little more involved.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00347-00158456-00158848": "And as we become more comfortable, we might start dreaming a little bigger, right?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00348-00158848-00159172": "Once we can start traveling, we may start dreaming a little bigger about", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00349-00159172-00159976": "what we can do with this and where we can take it.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00350-00159976-00160472": ">> Renee asks, did you say library school individuals can volunteer too?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00351-00160472-00160627": ">> Absolutely.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00352-00160627-00160869": "If we have people who are trying to come into the field,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00353-00160869-00161279": "I think many of us know that it can be really hard to get hired into this field", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00354-00161279-00161746": "even with a master's degree.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00355-00161746-00162416": "I think again just my same request is that they're able to", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00356-00162416-00163122": "really commit and dedicate whatever time is necessary for the projects that they are on.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00357-00163122-00163359": "But I would think that would be really valuable", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00358-00163359-00163850": "if somebody isn't already working in a library but they're going to library school.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00359-00163850-00164279": "They want to work with this population to be able to say, put on a resume,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00360-00164279-00165624": "hey, I played a role in this project and creating those connections and that network.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00361-00165624-00166026": "And one thing I love about this field is that we have people", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00362-00166026-00166237": "from all sorts of backgrounds, right?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00363-00166237-00166760": "Not everybody has an MLIS, and that's okay.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00364-00166760-00167101": "And so yeah, if you know people, as long as;", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00365-00167101-00168500": "if they're dreamers and doers and they're passionate, bring them on.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00366-00168863-00170317": "Any other questions?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00367-00170317-00171116": "I don't want to rush you all, but I also.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00368-00171837-00172453": "And I will say too if you're sitting here and you're sort of uncertain,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00369-00172453-00172866": "if you have the time to commit this time around,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00370-00172866-00173157": "again we'll open up applications next year.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00371-00173157-00173639": "But if you have ideas for projects, you can also send those in to me as well", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00372-00173639-00174196": "and I can certainly bring them to the workgroup as well.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00373-00174196-00174636": "My hope is that once we start moving and people start realizing that the workgroup", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00374-00174636-00175464": "is a thing that hopefully we'll get feedback about what sorts of things other people need.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00375-00175464-00175741": "Katherine asked, will this be geared toward new Youth", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00376-00175741-00176219": "Services librarian staff or for everyone across the spectrum?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00377-00176219-00176946": "Are you talking about the projects that we produce or the workgroup?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00378-00176946-00177389": "And again if you have a microphone and you're able to talk, please feel free to unmute.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00379-00177389-00177680": "We don't have to just hear my voice.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00380-00177680-00177871": "Projects produced.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00381-00177871-00178347": "So the projects that we take on with this particular group,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00382-00178347-00179322": "they will be aimed at kids 5 to 11 and their families if it's more of a family program.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00383-00179322-00179725": "So that's going to be the purpose of this group.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00384-00179725-00180522": "Now once this group is sort of off and flying and we sort of feel", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00385-00180522-00181005": "confident in what we're doing and that we know what we're doing,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00386-00181005-00181333": "at that point I will then probably;", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00387-00181333-00181680": "my plan is to then duplicate this effort but then focus,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00388-00181680-00182128": "have a group that just focuses on early literacy,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00389-00182128-00182834": "so that's zero to five, and then having another group that focuses on that 12 to 18.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00390-00182834-00183323": "So my end goal is to end up with three different workgroups.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00391-00183323-00183648": "Now that's not to say that other library staff that work,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00392-00183648-00183976": "say if we have adult services library staff that", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00393-00183976-00184546": "they may not benefit from some of the stuff we produce.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00394-00184546-00185138": "But the target audience, the target goal will be the", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00395-00185138-00185883": "youth and children staff that work with that 5 to 11 and families.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00396-00185883-00186983": "Did that answer your question?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00397-00186983-00187338": ">> And then is there any limiting factor who would not be accepted", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00398-00187338-00187914": "as a new member that we should be aware of before sharing this with other team members?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00399-00187914-00188730": ">> Really the only limiting factor is that they are either currently working in a library", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00400-00188730-00189423": "or they've retired or if they're like a library student who's looking to get in.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00401-00189423-00189757": "My aunt loves kids.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00402-00189757-00189914": "She's great with kids.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00403-00189914-00190213": "But this wouldn't be something that I would just open up to her.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00404-00190213-00190543": "Just to say, hey, you have good ideas.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00405-00190543-00190860": "That's really the only limiting factor.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00406-00190860-00191218": "It's not, there's not an educational requirement.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00407-00191218-00191839": "It's not you have to be so high up in the hierarchy within your library.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00408-00191839-00192053": "It's not the kind of thing where there's a membership", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00409-00192053-00192444": "fee or anything like that that could be a disqualifier.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00410-00192444-00192821": "So really it's just making sure that, you know, we want", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00411-00192821-00193479": "to bring people in who know what you all are dealing with.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00412-00193479-00193831": "Yeah, that's really the only thing.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00413-00193831-00193988": "If it's just sort of like some random person off the", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00414-00193988-00194728": "street, then that would probably be a disqualifying factor.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00415-00194728-00195562": "But other than that, it's not an application for the purpose,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00416-00195562-00195885": "like if anybody's done our SILI program,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00417-00195885-00196199": "our leadership program where they only accept so many people.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00418-00196199-00196451": "It's not like that.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00419-00196451-00196626": "There's not a requirement that you had to have worked", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00420-00196626-00197293": "in a library for at least a year.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00421-00197293-00198144": "Yeah, did that answer your question?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00422-00198144-00198693": "Okay, perfect.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00423-00198693-00198850": ">> Jenny asks, could this grow into a project", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00424-00198850-00199255": "for training materials for youth librarians?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00425-00199255-00199428": ">> Jenny, that would be amazing.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00426-00199428-00200027": "I would love for that to happen.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00427-00200027-00200267": "Yeah, I think it could.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00428-00200267-00200831": "Again ultimately it's going to sort of depend on those goals that we decide.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00429-00200831-00201184": "And again each year that this happens if we can continue to;", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00430-00201184-00201626": "this is our pilot year so this is really the year for us to really learn", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00431-00201626-00202013": "and decide what's working, what's not working,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00432-00202013-00202629": "what you all really need and want in the field.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00433-00202629-00203018": "And so the great thing is that each year that we have sort of a changing group,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00434-00203018-00203380": "that's going to be that opportunity to change our goals", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00435-00203380-00203941": "and decide what we want to focus on for that year too.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00436-00203941-00204204": "And this could, again this could be;", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00437-00204204-00204602": "sometimes we may find ourselves reacting to a need.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00438-00204602-00204976": "A year and a half ago there was a little bit out there,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00439-00204976-00205418": "a little bit of materials for virtual programming,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00440-00205418-00205707": "but in the last year and a half we've just seen that need grow", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00441-00205707-00206071": "so quickly and so fast that now there's stuff everywhere.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00442-00206071-00206626": "So we may also find that we're in a position where there's been a huge unexpected shift", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00443-00206626-00207223": "and we want to try to do something to help meet that need.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00444-00207223-00207949": "Yeah, more training is always great.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00445-00207949-00208311": "And I want it to be some fun things too, right?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00446-00208311-00208936": "Not that training's not fun, but.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00447-00208936-00210058": "Readymade programs to go would be great.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00448-00210082-00210404": "Any other questions?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00449-00210404-00211837": "And of course if you think of something after the fact, you can always email me.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00450-00211837-00212256": "Jenny said program sharing platforms, the possibilities are endless.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00451-00212256-00212730": "Yeah, it's exciting.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00452-00212730-00213277": "I am continuously inspired every time I either get to read survey results", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00453-00213277-00214075": "or I'm still going through a lot of the statistics from summer,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00454-00214075-00214727": "the qualitative pieces and the programs.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00455-00214727-00215586": "And we have some great webinars coming up that are coming from Youth Services staff.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00456-00215586-00216146": "So I am excited because I am continuously inspired.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00457-00216146-00216520": "And so I want to take that and try to bottle it up", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00458-00216520-00217635": "so that we can share it with everybody.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00459-00218548-00220419": "Any other questions?", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00460-00220469-00220757": "All right.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00461-00220771-00220975": "Karen, I think this is going to be amazing too.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00462-00220975-00221368": "I am really excited.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00463-00221368-00221736": "Well, I will not hold everybody up if there aren't any more questions", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00464-00221736-00222823": "because I know that you all can use 20 minutes to not be in a meeting I'm sure.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00465-00222823-00223437": "So again if you have any additional questions that pop up, email me.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00466-00223437-00223816": "I think at this point most of you probably know how to reach me,", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00467-00223816-00224303": "but if you don't my phone number and my email address are currently on the screen.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00468-00224303-00224837": "I will be sending out a follow-up email probably next week.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00469-00224837-00225111": "That way we have a chance to get the video uploaded", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00470-00225111-00225667": "onto YouTube if anybody wants to come back and watch it.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00471-00225667-00226015": "And then I'll make sure.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00472-00226015-00227079": "I did put the link to the room earlier and I will throw it in the chat one more time", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00473-00227079-00228122": "for anybody who wants to go look around now and hopefully apply.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00474-00228280-00228442": "Mandy, I agree.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00475-00228442-00229247": "I think this is a great way to elevate statewide library services.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00476-00229351-00229939": "Well, everybody, you all have a wonderful, wonderful weekend.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00477-00229939-00230437": "For those who are working this weekend, best wishes.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00478-00230437-00230701": "Happy October.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00479-00230701-00230938": "And we will be in touch soon.", "0G9G0u5s_QI-00480-00230938-00231264": "Thank you so much."}}, {"audio_id": "0GzuF-YgmwY", "text": {"0GzuF-YgmwY-00000-00000093-00000393": "WELCOME TO ALL HANDS UPDATE, I'M PETTY OFFICER JONATHAN PANKAU.", "0GzuF-YgmwY-00001-00000393-00000789": "CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS, ADMIRAL JONATHAN GREENERT ALONG WITH HIS WIFE, DARLEEN WANT", "0GzuF-YgmwY-00002-00000790-00001120": "TO WISH SAILORS AND THEIR FAMILIES A HAPPY HOLIDAY SEASON THIS YEAR.", "0GzuF-YgmwY-00003-00001386-00001878": "\"HELLO SHIPMATES. IT'S BEEN A YEAR OF CHALLENGES AND YOU HAVE BEEN MARVELOUS. DARLEEN AND I", "0GzuF-YgmwY-00004-00001878-00002461": "WANT TO THANK YOU AND YOUR FAMILIES FOR WHAT YOU'VE DONE FOR YOUR NATION AND FOR YOUR NAVY.", "0GzuF-YgmwY-00005-00002461-00002826": "IT'S BECAUSE OF YOU, ESPECIALLY YOU STANDING THE WATCH TONIGHT THAT YOUR NAVY CAN BE WHERE", "0GzuF-YgmwY-00006-00002826-00003338": "IT MATTERS, WHEN IT MATTERS. NOW THE HOLIDAY SEASON IS A TIME OF TRAVEL, GETTING TOGETHER", "0GzuF-YgmwY-00007-00003338-00003854": "WITH FAMILY AND FRIENDS, BE SAFE. WE WANT YOU BACK AFTER THE HOLIDAY SEASON, WE NEED", "0GzuF-YgmwY-00008-00003854-00004313": "YOU AND DARLEEN AND I SAY, MERRY CHRISTMAS EVERYONE.\"", "0GzuF-YgmwY-00009-00004314-00004882": "FOR MORE INFORMATION FROM CNO AND HOLIDAY MESSAGES FROM AROUND THE FLEET VISIT NAVY.MIL."}}, {"audio_id": "0GMk4yjrKZy", "text": {"0GMk4yjrKZy-00000-00000006-00000531": "where your focus needs to be to get more sales now are you just starting out or", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00001-00000531-00001055": "are you already selling online and you really need to know what am i focus on", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00002-00001055-00001449": "what are the main things I need to do to increase my sales well you're gonna love", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00003-00001449-00001778": "this video because in this video I'm gonna tell you the exact things that you", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00004-00001778-00002805": "need to focus on to get more sales and we're starting right now", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00005-00003143-00003609": "hey I'm J.R. Fisher if you're new to my channel do me a favor hit that", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00006-00003609-00004050": "subscribe button down there if you hit that subscribe button below you'll be", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00007-00004050-00004589": "subscribed but you won't be notified so you got it ring the bell you ring that", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00008-00004589-00004914": "bell which is right next to the subscribe button make sure you turn on", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00009-00004914-00005394": "all notifications you'll be part of the VIP Club to fix your family that gets", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00010-00005394-00005757": "notified before anybody else when I do one of these videos now I've been", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00011-00005757-00006212": "selling online since 2009 now so millions of dollars of both physical and", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00012-00006212-00006663": "digital products and I've learned stuff along the way right so what I do on this", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00013-00006663-00007068": "channel is I actually share with you how to start run and grow your online", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00014-00007068-00007647": "business - you know I'd love to see your comments below what are you focusing on", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00015-00007647-00008067": "right now what have you found that it's working for you or what is it you're", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00016-00008067-00008427": "concerned about what what is it that you think that you want to know about a", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00017-00008427-00008817": "little bit more so you know what to focus on click those comments below I'd", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00018-00008817-00009225": "love to see him don't forget give me a thumbs up like the video that would be", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00019-00009225-00009611": "really helpful I would really appreciate that now I've been selling online for a", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00020-00009611-00009984": "long time and we've sold millions of dollars of products a matter of fact my", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00021-00009984-00010464": "products are sold on thousands of websites including Walmart so I've got", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00022-00010464-00010884": "one background and I can actually share with you guys what we've done to get all", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00023-00010884-00011307": "those sales let's jump right into it but before we do before we do I have a", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00024-00011307-00011737": "course a $97 course that's free to you that", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00025-00011737-00012115": "right it's free it's down in the description all you have to do is click", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00026-00012115-00012502": "the link and learn no credit card required they'll PayPal", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00027-00012502-00012805": "none of that stuff just click the link and learn so let's get going", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00028-00012805-00013237": "now fortunately there really are dozens and dozens of ways to make more sales", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00029-00013237-00013609": "online so in this video what I want to do is go through some of them so that", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00030-00013609-00014011": "you have an arsenal of different things that you can do and you know what to", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00031-00014011-00014391": "focus on and what to stay away from so let's jump into them okay here's the big", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00032-00014391-00014911": "one please please please be honest in your ad copy don't make up stuff don't", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00033-00014911-00015331": "say stuff that's not true don't make any promises and a lot of these platforms if", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00034-00015331-00015738": "you do that like a Facebook or YouTube or something like that if you promise", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00035-00015738-00016213": "things to people that you don't even know such as you'll lose ten pounds in", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00036-00016213-00016603": "ten days and you will get banded I mean it's just gonna happen you can't make", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00037-00016603-00016975": "promises you want to be honest about whatever the product is that you're", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00038-00016975-00017338": "selling number two get more ad clicks with AD", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00039-00017338-00017761": "extensions if you're selling stuff online ad extensions are a no-brainer", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00040-00017761-00018232": "this feature available in both Adwords and Bing allows you to make your ad", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00041-00018232-00018742": "bigger and more places to click it doesn't cost anything extra and it", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00042-00018742-00019225": "increases your ads click-through rate amazing stuff right any example you see", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00043-00019225-00019612": "on the screen right now the links to men's sunglasses and women's sunglasses", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00044-00019612-00020098": "give people who are looking to buy a pair of ray-bans two additional places", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00045-00020098-00020569": "to click this saves the potential customer a step and makes it easier and", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00046-00020569-00021016": "faster to find exactly what they want so they go to your site instead of a", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00047-00021016-00021505": "competitor's show off testimonials testimonials are awesome that's number", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00048-00021505-00021961": "three if you can get testimonials you want to publish those on your site", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00049-00021961-00022336": "they're so so important yeah don't make up testimonials of course have real", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00050-00022336-00022678": "testimonials but any get up most people are not going to give you a testimonial", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00051-00022678-00023047": "right off the bat you gotta ask for them what I've done is I've sent out emails", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00052-00023047-00023509": "before to maybe friends who have done business with me I so now emails to my", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00053-00023509-00023908": "list and who bought products and I say hey if you do a testimonial if you write", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00054-00023908-00024170": "one if you do a video whatever we'll interview in a contest", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00055-00024170-00024479": "and do some type of evil way but you've got it motivated to do these", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00056-00024479-00024863": "testimonials they're not going to do it on their own create a sense of urgency", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00057-00024863-00025292": "now it's important to be honest of course but if you can instill any type", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00058-00025292-00025772": "of urgency into your ad or your ad copy or your sales page or your video it's", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00059-00025772-00026276": "best to do it it does increase sales many consumers respond really positive", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00060-00026276-00026747": "to incentives that you put in your particular app so if you notice at the", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00061-00026747-00027344": "top of this image right here it says save $10 on your initial order so doing", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00062-00027344-00027814": "something like this can really help you out and really increase sales and drive", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00063-00027814-00028385": "higher purchases in Adwords you can use ad customizers to display a countdown on", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00064-00028385-00028888": "a seasonal offer or limited time sale however you choose to do it creating a", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00065-00028888-00029345": "sense of urgency is a great way to increase online sales number five have a", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00066-00029345-00029900": "bulletproof money back guarantee now we have this on some of our products and", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00067-00029900-00030283": "some of our products and we don't so let me explain to you how you want to look", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00068-00030283-00030764": "at this if you have a physical product I would almost always say that you have to", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00069-00030764-00031286": "have a bulletproof guarantee so we sell survival food and we don't want anybody", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00070-00031286-00031672": "saying anything bad about our survival food obviously and people liked it and", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00071-00031672-00032095": "we really don't have any problems but we do have that guarantee that if they buy", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00072-00032095-00032495": "our food and they don't like it for any reason or it's damaged or whatever it is", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00073-00032495-00032852": "we're gonna replace it we don't argue with that at all now I don't do that", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00074-00032852-00033308": "with every one of my courses because if I sell a course to somebody and they get", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00075-00033308-00033587": "the course and they go through the whole course and recorded at home and then", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00076-00033587-00033815": "want their money back there are people out there they will do", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00077-00033815-00034274": "stuff like that so we do have money-back guarantees on the courses but we require", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00078-00034274-00034603": "that they actually go through the course they actually do the things the course", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00079-00034603-00034970": "says because we know if they go through it they do the things the course says", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00080-00034970-00035393": "they're actually going to get results so you want to look at your product which", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00081-00035393-00035840": "of your products you're gonna have a a bleep guarantee on in which product you", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00082-00035840-00036411": "may have some qualifications on number six is offer fewer choices now", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00083-00036411-00036762": "people would think well you know you if you offer them a whole lot of stuff then", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00084-00036762-00037088": "you have a better chance to sell them a whole lot of stuff you don't as a matter", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00085-00037088-00037371": "of fact if you're running an ad and you're running it to a product that", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00086-00037371-00037736": "you're selling that should be the only product on the page now you may have", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00087-00037736-00038159": "discounts for multiples of that product so maybe if they buy one piece of our", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00088-00038159-00038513": "meat it's a certain price if they buy five cases it's a lower price and they", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00089-00038513-00038984": "buy ten cases it's an even lower price but you don't want to have four or five", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00090-00038984-00039287": "six different products on there and I see this all the time and people aren't", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00091-00039287-00039627": "getting conversions and it's because they went to the page and once they have", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00092-00039627-00039912": "all these choices they tend to put it off they go well I can buy this record", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00093-00039912-00040121": "buy this I'll just wait and I'll come back to it", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00094-00040121-00040496": "and then they never do so it's really important that you are gonna increase", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00095-00040496-00041072": "your sales if you have fewer choices number seven you can target look-alike", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00096-00041072-00041453": "audiences on Facebook this is awesome you can actually take people who had", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00097-00041453-00041891": "bought from you or people who have been to your page you can upload them to", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00098-00041891-00042302": "Facebook and Facebook will create a look-alike audience in other words they", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00099-00042302-00042656": "go out there and try to find people that have the same traits as those people", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00100-00042656-00042953": "that you've uploaded and they can find you an audience of two or three million", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00101-00042953-00043287": "people that are similar to the people that already bought for you now the only", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00102-00043287-00043703": "caveat is if it's a sale you have to add at least a hundred people for one", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00103-00043703-00044118": "country so you'd have to have a hundred people for the United States if you did", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00104-00044118-00044483": "want to do a look like audience now the more you have the better off you are if", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00105-00044483-00044741": "you have a thousand that look-alike audience is gonna be better if you have", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00106-00044741-00045158": "10,000 that look-alike audience is gonna be better so as you do these look like", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00107-00045158-00045602": "audiences you want to constantly update them to match your sales or your", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00108-00045602-00046058": "visitors number eight reduce friction at checkout now what does that mean that", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00109-00046058-00046409": "means that when they get to that checkout form it should be really super", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00110-00046409-00046733": "easy they shouldn't have to check a lot of boxes they shouldn't have to fill out", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00111-00046733-00047121": "a whole lot of things sometimes we'll do it in steps where you know if they say", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00112-00047121-00047387": "they want the product they click the product when they do their information", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00113-00047387-00047744": "box will pop open and when they fill that out and that's completed the", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00114-00047744-00048144": "delivery box will pop open but you want to make it as smooth as possible if you", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00115-00048144-00048452": "make them click a lot if you make them go to a lot of places you can make them", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00116-00048452-00048947": "eat a lot it's gonna hurt your sales number 9 now this goes against one of", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00117-00048947-00049222": "the other things I said because we said we don't want a lot of options but this", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00118-00049222-00049694": "one we want a lot of options allow a lot of payment options okay that's really", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00119-00049694-00050053": "super important so accept every single credit card there is out there except", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00120-00050053-00050488": "PayPal out there except any type of form of payment that you can because the more", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00121-00050488-00050903": "that you accept the more you're gonna open up your audience because you don't", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00122-00050903-00051257": "know how that particular customer is paying so if you have a lot of options", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00123-00051257-00051682": "available that way you don't lose any customers number 10", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00124-00051682-00052157": "invest in quality product images now this is so important because I know a", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00125-00052157-00052654": "lot of you are selling from Aliexpress you have Shopify stores you're doing", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00126-00052654-00053114": "drop shipping and you say well I I don't have the product they are I can't take", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00127-00053114-00053533": "pictures of this product because I don't have it so that's a problem right there", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00128-00053533-00053816": "because if you don't have it and you're selling it that means you don't even", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00129-00053816-00054182": "know if it's a good product you haven't ordered it it's really simple go to", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00130-00054182-00054548": "Aliexpress and when you're thinking about selling products order the", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00131-00054548-00054802": "products that you're thinking about selling and you say well I don't want to", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00132-00054802-00055100": "spend $1 or $2 and we don't know anything you got to this is something", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00133-00055100-00055579": "you got to do because if you don't do this you know a lot of you say well I'll", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00134-00055579-00055961": "buy the product if it sells and then I'll take pictures but the problem is", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00135-00055961-00056366": "you need to put you first to be able to try to sell the product so you can't do", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00136-00056366-00056732": "it backwards it's really super important that you've got that product first and", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00137-00056732-00057077": "you take a picture of it it is an investment but you know what having an", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00138-00057077-00057461": "online business you've got to invest in it you've got to invest time you've got", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00139-00057461-00057907": "invest money you've got to invest effort if you don't do these things then of", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00140-00057907-00058357": "course you're not gonna do well now I recently did pictures of our survival", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00141-00058357-00058775": "foods and we hired a photographer and it came over there and he took pictures on", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00142-00058775-00059069": "plates of all of our food we took them out of the can we didn't take pictures", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00143-00059069-00059387": "of the cans because the cans aren't gonna sell much we actually put them on", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00144-00059387-00059716": "a plate and we put parsley on there and we made it look all", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00145-00059716-00060037": "delicious because when they go to the website that's what they're right there", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00146-00060037-00060349": "right underneath we're not buying a can they don't want to can they want that", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00147-00060349-00060816": "meat and we sell survival food can me and if I say that survival food can mean", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00148-00060816-00061179": "that doesn't sound appetizing but if I put it on the plate and make it look", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00149-00061179-00061648": "good it does taste great but I have to present it in a manner that they're used", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00150-00061648-00062145": "to seeing it so the product image thing I really can't eat that enough okay I", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00151-00062145-00062599": "mean that is so so important that you have good images no matter what you're", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00152-00062599-00062950": "selling you know if you're selling a course even course like I sell courses", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00153-00062950-00063424": "we have pictures of the course and it may be its own CDs and maybe it's all", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00154-00063424-00063804": "little booklets or maybe it's showing on their iPad or whatever it is we show", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00155-00063804-00064316": "them the actual course in a visual and I would highly suggest you doing that too", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00156-00064316-00064912": "number 11 get ready your landing pages why get rid of your landing pages that's", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00157-00064912-00065232": "crazy well it isn't it isn't here's the truth", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00158-00065232-00065806": "right now most people are viewing your landing pages on mobile devices and if", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00159-00065806-00066264": "you don't have them set to mobile so that they can see things in mobile then", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00160-00066264-00066643": "you're gonna have a problem so if you have the traditional landing page that", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00161-00066643-00067056": "is not designed for mobile and you've got a problem now I can tell you how to", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00162-00067056-00067527": "fix that right now the simplest way to fix it is get car trouble I have a link", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00163-00067527-00067954": "to Kartra in the description right now if you click that link you can actually", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00164-00067954-00068368": "get a trial for $1 but more importantly if you click that link you can watch a", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00165-00068368-00068745": "free video that shows you what it'll do but in Kartra when you're building your", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00166-00068745-00069163": "pages you can switch it over to mobile you can see how it looks and you can", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00167-00069163-00069582": "view it in there on mobile so that it matches in the next step to this is", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00168-00069582-00069997": "really getting rid of your landing pages you can run ads through Facebook now", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00169-00069997-00070393": "that are call only ads where the ad actually doesn't even go to your page", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00170-00070393-00070813": "any longer it just pops up on their phone and a phone number pops up and", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00171-00070813-00071137": "they hit it and they can actually call your business if you're in the type of", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00172-00071137-00071473": "business where you want a customer a call so think and", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00173-00071473-00071832": "everybody viewing all your pages on mobile and you'll get rid of your", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00174-00071832-00072189": "landing pages or at least the traditional way to do them number 12", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00175-00072189-00072880": "give Gmail ads a try now for years these things were easy to use and they were in", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00176-00072880-00073351": "and out of beta constantly but Gmail ads are finally available to everybody", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00177-00073351-00073794": "they're really cool ads and anybody can do a myth if you're already reaching", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00178-00073794-00074226": "customers when they search and when they browse on social why not go the extra", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00179-00074226-00074755": "mile and hit them while they're in their inboxes - one of the most effective ways", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00180-00074755-00075292": "to use Gmail ads is by targeting competitor keywords people who are in", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00181-00075292-00075712": "the market for your competitors products are getting emails from your competitors", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00182-00075712-00076377": "that may mention their brand terms right now so by targeting those same terms you", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00183-00076377-00076758": "can show up in their inboxes and hopefully change their minds and have", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00184-00076758-00077422": "them buy your product okay so that is 12 steps you can take but I've got 13 more", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00185-00077422-00077941": "this is video one in a two-part series so you're gonna want to click to the", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00186-00077941-00078357": "next video I'll have the next video in the description down there you can click", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00187-00078357-00078679": "through to it and watch the second part thank you so much for watching this", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00188-00078679-00079117": "video if you haven't subscribed so far please do so there's a oh my god they", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00189-00079117-00079480": "put a huge subscribe button down there they put it there for a reason", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00190-00079480-00079936": "you gotta click it and next to it don't forget notifications you kind of ring", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00191-00079936-00080301": "the bell you got to make that Bell as loud as you possibly can now the harder", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00192-00080301-00080842": "you click it the louder its gonna be and if you like loud bells click it hard and", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00193-00080842-00081226": "if you don't click it very softly and then after you do that make sure you", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00194-00081226-00081637": "turn on all notifications so you can become part of the Fisher family part of", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00195-00081637-00082042": "the VIP group that gets notified every single time I do one of these videos and", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00196-00082042-00082366": "I've got a gift for you like I said there's a $97", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00197-00082366-00082770": "ecommerce course if you look down in the description you click that link you can", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00198-00082770-00083329": "click and learn no credit card required it's free check it out and I'll see you", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00199-00083329-00083731": "in the next hey thanks for watching my video don't", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00200-00083731-00084148": "forget to subscribe to my channel and", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00201-00084148-00084745": "notified every time I do a new video also click on one of those videos there", "0GMk4yjrKZy-00202-00084745-00085080": "watch it on my channel"}}, {"audio_id": "0H4DpqkLtB0", "text": {"0H4DpqkLtB0-00000-00000000-00001000": "Download link in the description"}}, {"audio_id": "0H9IDLTBUcY", "text": {"0H9IDLTBUcY-00000-00000000-00001000": "Over the last few months, I've seen others have success with chewing gum to make themselves hungry, so I thought I'd try it for myself.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00001-00001000-00001999": "I woke up 14 hours after dinner, drank some water and began chewing.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00002-00002000-00003000": "Almost immediately, the water started audibly moving through my tummy, so I started recording as I continued to chew.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00003-00003000-00004000": "I stopped chewing after about 20 minutes when I felt my first hunger pang, however I didn't get any significant hunger growls.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00004-00004000-00005000": "This is a recurring theme, and why the video title says \"semi-successful\" - I got plenty of tummy noises, just not the tummy noises I was hoping for.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00005-00005000-00006000": "This first recording in particular is interesting because, at times, the grumbling sounds like low-pitched static noise.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00006-00006000-00007000": "That's why I decided to upload these recordings despite the lack of proper hunger growls.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00007-00007000-00008000": "In subsequent recording sessions, I did end up getting some hunger growls though, so not all is lost.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00008-00008000-00009000": "Anyway, I'll shut up for now, enjoy!", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00009-00178330-00179330": "About 30 minutes after I'd finished the last recording, I started getting hunger pangs again, so I laid back down and started recording.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00010-00179330-00180330": "I was able to record a few proper hunger growls this time, but nothing significant.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00011-00202080-00203080": "This was the first proper hunger growl of the day.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00012-00219296-00220296": "Here's the second one.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00013-00238546-00239546": "Third growl incoming", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00014-00239546-00240546": "...with a follow-up gurgle.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00015-00313406-00314406": "I had a shower, and then prepared lunch (just some packet pasta, nothing fancy).", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00016-00314406-00315406": "But I didn't eat it straight away. I brought it with me into my room, laid down and started chewing a new piece of gum.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00017-00315406-00316406": "I was hoping that actively chewing while being able to smell the pasta would help make me hungry again.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00018-00316406-00317406": "Like in the first part, I mostly just got a lot of water gurgles. The gurgles are definitely more distinct in this one though, they sound much less like low-pitched noise.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00019-00317406-00318406": "I did eventually start getting hunger pangs again about half-way through, some of which produced amazing growls!", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00020-00318406-00319406": "I'll speak up again when we get to those.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00021-00428430-00429430": "This is where I started getting hunger pangs and stopped chewing.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00022-00460026-00461026": "This is the first of several big growls I received during this wave.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00023-00508013-00509013": "Another small hunger growl.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00024-00517160-00518160": "Here comes an epic growl.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00025-00518160-00519160": "This one in particular felt amazing, but my tummy wasn't done yet.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00026-00519160-00520160": "There were two more amazing-feeling and great-sounding growls to come almost immediately.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00027-00522803-00523803": "Here's the next one.", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00028-00527053-00528053": "And here's the last one...", "0H9IDLTBUcY-00029-00528053-00529053": "...with its follow-up gurgle."}}, {"audio_id": "0Hg1_oEfdG4", "text": {"0Hg1_oEfdG4-00000-00000096-00000424": "hello today guys we're going to be talking about five polish habits that i", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00001-00000424-00000735": "think for the most part americans wouldn't really understand", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00002-00000735-00001063": "so before this video gets started i just want to say that most of these", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00003-00001063-00001488": "are really just generalizations and they're not completely 100 true", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00004-00001488-00001816": "so anyways guys let's just get started so the first time i was walking around", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00005-00001816-00002184": "in poland i saw a grandma walking around with a plastic", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00006-00002184-00002584": "bag and the plastic bag had an h m logo on it so i'm thinking wow this", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00007-00002584-00002951": "old lady is actually shopping at h m i was so shocked but no", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00008-00002951-00003223": "in reality this lady is carrying around this plastic bag", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00009-00003223-00003560": "basically just to reuse it and to transport stuff from", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00010-00003560-00003936": "place to place so i actually found this really interesting because i saw", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00011-00003936-00004255": "a lot of other people were using bags and then", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00012-00004255-00004632": "the first time i actually had to pay for a bag i was shocked and it's not", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00013-00004632-00004992": "something that we have to do here but stores are now starting to implement", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00014-00004992-00005328": "that like lidl and aldi is starting to do that", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00015-00005328-00005712": "i hope walmart does eventually because honestly it's a", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00016-00005712-00005968": "really good thing that we should be doing is basically", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00017-00005968-00006335": "just charging people for the bag and this is going to incentivize people", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00018-00006335-00006736": "to basically just use more reusable bags and this will be", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00019-00006736-00007120": "better for the environment so yeah and i think polish people all in all are more", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00020-00007120-00007464": "resourceful due to like communist times when they", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00021-00007464-00007728": "you know didn't have the options to everything", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00022-00007728-00008215": "before you know they basically had to be creative about what they were doing", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00023-00008215-00008624": "and because of this i think it's made polish people a lot more resourceful", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00024-00008624-00008928": "now especially alright so the second one is hard-working", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00025-00008928-00009320": "and on average polish people work 42 and a half hours a week", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00026-00009320-00009824": "compared to in the us that's 33 and a half hours a week so yeah this is quite", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00027-00009824-00010096": "different and honestly i was shocked to see that the average", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00028-00010096-00010439": "amount of time worked a week is less than 40 hours in the us", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00029-00010439-00010736": "honestly i thought that was more especially with some of the jobs that", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00030-00010736-00010992": "i've worked at especially in construction", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00031-00010992-00011415": "in like the summer time you know you're working over 40 hours a week guaranteed", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00032-00011415-00011607": "so yeah that was quite interesting to see", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00033-00011607-00012071": "but yeah polish people work on average a lot more than americans let me know", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00034-00012071-00012400": "your reasoning down below is it simply because they have to work", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00035-00012400-00012736": "so much simply to pay rent or is it because they're working so", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00036-00012736-00013103": "much just to work so much let me know in the comment section down below i'm quite", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00037-00013103-00013304": "curious all right so the third one on this list", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00038-00013304-00013608": "is hospitality and this is honestly my favorite", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00039-00013608-00013944": "the first time i went over to poland i was greeted with the most amount of", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00040-00013944-00014240": "hospitality i've ever had my life and honestly i was", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00041-00014240-00014640": "so shocked it was like confusing because i walk into the door", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00042-00014640-00014840": "of my girlfriend's house and there's like", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00043-00014840-00015287": "drinks food laid out all over the table everyone's there greeting me it was kind", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00044-00015287-00015600": "of overwhelming for me but at the same time it just", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00045-00015600-00015951": "felt so nice and it was just such a kind gesture", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00046-00015951-00016487": "to have and to feel and it was just very amazing very nice but yeah honestly it", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00047-00016487-00016800": "really just sets the vibe every single time i go there it just", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00048-00016800-00017112": "feels so nice and welcoming every single time i go", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00049-00017112-00017487": "and i mean i've felt hospitality in the us to some degree but", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00050-00017487-00017823": "it is not even close to what i have felt in poland", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00051-00017823-00018144": "definitely not even close like people aren't all over", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00052-00018144-00018504": "you welcoming you you know giving you drinks and stuff like that making sure", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00053-00018504-00018768": "you feel welcome it's it's not to the degree", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00054-00018768-00019128": "that poland is and because of that it's just it really sets", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00055-00019128-00019440": "poland apart from the us all right so the next one on this list", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00056-00019440-00019808": "is being into nature and yes this is kind of generalizing", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00057-00019808-00020128": "and there's lots of americans that are into nature and things like that but", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00058-00020128-00020544": "polish people are really into foraging like mushroom forging and blueberries", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00059-00020544-00020831": "slash like berry foraging currents and you know all", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00060-00020831-00021144": "of that stuff and this is really not as popular", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00061-00021144-00021487": "as it is in poland compared to as it is in the states and seeing people", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00062-00021487-00021887": "into mushroom forging and blueberry foraging honestly makes me think", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00063-00021887-00022344": "that this is probably stemmed from the communist era when food was really on", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00064-00022344-00022687": "rations and people you know had to stand in line for food", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00065-00022687-00023031": "and they were only allowed a certain amount i'm guessing that you know you", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00066-00023036-00023423": "could basically just go in the woods and find your food there and in some cases", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00067-00023424-00023752": "that was probably easier so i'm guessing it stemed from that but i'm not", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00068-00023752-00024008": "completely sure let me know in the comment section down below", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00069-00024008-00024336": "what you think and yeah this was definitely something that was really", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00070-00024336-00024592": "interesting to me because i've never seen or met an", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00071-00024592-00024959": "american that's ever said you know they'd like to go mushroom forging or", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00072-00024959-00025304": "blueberry foraging i've just never really seen it i know some people", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00073-00025304-00025719": "are definitely into that and stuff but it's just not as popular as it is", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00074-00025719-00026088": "in poland all right so the last one on this list is sincerity and honestly i", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00075-00026088-00026336": "feel like polls are the number one winners of this", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00076-00026336-00026712": "so you know i feel like in america everyone has kind of like a poker face", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00077-00026712-00027063": "going on you can never really tell truthfully under the surface", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00078-00027063-00027383": "people's emotions you know i feel like in the us everyone has this", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00079-00027383-00027856": "poker face of hahaha i'm happy everything's great all the time i just", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00080-00027856-00028200": "got shot i'm so happy everything's great and honestly it's kind of", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00081-00028200-00028616": "ingrained in language like if you just ask someone hey how are you doing oh", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00082-00028616-00028919": "good how about you and really you're not good you know so", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00083-00028919-00029232": "it's kind of a part of the language as much as it is our", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00084-00029232-00029680": "own you know culture i guess but now comparing this to poland this is much", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00085-00029680-00029968": "different i mean you can walk down the street you're not gonna have someone", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00086-00029968-00030352": "smiling at you and faking their happiness for you", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00087-00030352-00030672": "or you know if you meet someone and they're smiling you know that they're", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00088-00030672-00031008": "actually happy versus you know if they're frowning or they're", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00089-00031008-00031360": "upset you actually know they're upset so yeah it's just definitely different than", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00090-00031360-00031583": "in the us and i feel like it's really nice because", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00091-00031583-00032008": "it's way easier to read people in poland than it is in the us like you can just", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00092-00032008-00032488": "talk to someone and on the surface level they're doing great they're so happy in", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00093-00032488-00032800": "all of this but then like underneath the surface they're", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00094-00032800-00033184": "completely not so yeah it's just a big thing in the us compared to poland is", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00095-00033184-00033400": "that you know polish people are way more", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00096-00033400-00033728": "sincere with how they actually feel towards you and just how", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00097-00033728-00034047": "they feel in general so yeah this was something that was really cool", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00098-00034047-00034496": "honestly and something i actually really love about poland and polish people", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00099-00034496-00034800": "all right guys so that was five polish habits that i think americans wouldn't", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00100-00034800-00035096": "really understand and it's just something that i really like about", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00101-00035096-00035456": "poland and polish people in general so if you have any more let me know in", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00102-00035456-00035760": "the comment section down below or if there's any that you like about", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00103-00035760-00036047": "americans let me know in the comment section down below as well", "0Hg1_oEfdG4-00104-00036047-00036784": "and as always guys i will see you in the next one XDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXDXD"}}, {"audio_id": "0HvAr2hEx0Q", "text": {"0HvAr2hEx0Q-00000-00000003-00000635": "Okay so now we're looking at the pelvic girdle. Okay so the pelvic girdle is", "0HvAr2hEx0Q-00001-00000635-00001161": "three collective areas here, we have the ilium which is the large flat part at", "0HvAr2hEx0Q-00002-00001161-00001748": "the top and then down here you can divide this actually into two. So the", "0HvAr2hEx0Q-00003-00001748-00002733": "pubis is the side with the pointy end, the ischium is the rounded side. On top", "0HvAr2hEx0Q-00004-00002733-00003701": "of the ilium here you have the iliac crest. We have the anterior superior", "0HvAr2hEx0Q-00005-00003701-00004946": "iliac spine, the posterior superior iliac spine, the posterior inferior iliac spine", "0HvAr2hEx0Q-00006-00004946-00005892": "and the anterior inferior iliac spine. The large hole here where the head of", "0HvAr2hEx0Q-00007-00005892-00006704": "the femur is gonna come in is the acetabulum. Okay down here on the ischium", "0HvAr2hEx0Q-00008-00006704-00007165": "you have the ischial tuberosity which is this kind of roughing region right here.", "0HvAr2hEx0Q-00009-00007165-00008193": "We have the pubic rami so right here as well as right here. The large hole is the", "0HvAr2hEx0Q-00010-00008193-00009318": "obturator foramen. On the backs or kind of on the side here really you can see", "0HvAr2hEx0Q-00011-00009318-00010157": "the greater sciatic notch right here, the lesser sciatic notch right here so the", "0HvAr2hEx0Q-00012-00010157-00010915": "greater is this larger one the lesser is right here underneath the ischial spine."}}, {"audio_id": "0H_YVJOop5y", "text": {"0H_YVJOop5y-00000-00000961-00001508": "How do you do a setup when you're ready to shoot here inside the studio or on", "0H_YVJOop5y-00001-00001508-00002109": "location? The best thing you can begin with is let everybody know what are the", "0H_YVJOop5y-00002-00002109-00002660": "goals. What is it you want to do. Once they know the goal it's .... easier to", "0H_YVJOop5y-00003-00002660-00003357": "follow your direction. Let them know who is the audience and what is the message", "0H_YVJOop5y-00004-00003357-00003786": "you're trying to give the audience. And that will help them to understand. It's", "0H_YVJOop5y-00005-00003786-00004245": "not really gonna be helpful to say just stand here, and I'll I'll shoot the video,", "0H_YVJOop5y-00006-00004245-00004611": "or just act like you're talking. They want to know well Who am I talking to?", "0H_YVJOop5y-00007-00004611-00005082": "Why am I talking? What's the point of this? And that may feel very boring to", "0H_YVJOop5y-00008-00005082-00005439": "you, like why should I tell you? I'm paying you to be here, but actually, it's very", "0H_YVJOop5y-00009-00005439-00006177": "helpful to get them motivated. So during the practice time, you can give more", "0H_YVJOop5y-00010-00006177-00006606": "direction. So of course your actors will probably be practicing a little bit.", "0H_YVJOop5y-00011-00006606-00007113": "Don't be shy. Just stand right up, even interrupt them, and say, No, try this way.", "0H_YVJOop5y-00012-00007113-00007436": "Try that way. Tilt your head this way. Tilt your head that way. Change your", "0H_YVJOop5y-00013-00007436-00008034": "hairstyle, or ...  try a different shirt, or different pants, or a different", "0H_YVJOop5y-00014-00008034-00008372": "hair color even, if you need them to change their hair color. Be very", "0H_YVJOop5y-00015-00008372-00008733": "straightforward and tell them. They'll be happy to do what you want as long as", "0H_YVJOop5y-00016-00008733-00009303": "you're clear. So you can do this yourself, or you can tell the director if the", "0H_YVJOop5y-00017-00009303-00009759": "director is on set. So if you're paying, of course you're allowed to say whatever", "0H_YVJOop5y-00018-00009759-00010253": "you want and get the product you want. Don't be shy about it.", "0H_YVJOop5y-00019-00010399-00010886": "Here, we have our back to our line. So we have many different ways to shoot the", "0H_YVJOop5y-00020-00010886-00011322": "line, and we did that all day long.", "0H_YVJOop5y-00021-00011389-00011842": "Now, when you're shooting the video, your production company's shooting the video,", "0H_YVJOop5y-00022-00011842-00012452": "you should take time to look at the takes. That is, even if you're shooting", "0H_YVJOop5y-00023-00012452-00012892": "yourself, but especially if somebody else is shooting for you, you need to take a", "0H_YVJOop5y-00024-00012892-00013537": "look and decide what is ng or no good. Don't be shy to say this shot is ng. We", "0H_YVJOop5y-00025-00013537-00013873": "need to do it again. And then tell them exactly what you want again. It's not", "0H_YVJOop5y-00026-00013873-00014279": "gonna help to say it's no good, but I don't know what I want. You need to be", "0H_YVJOop5y-00027-00014279-00014741": "very clear what do you want. Tell them and they'll be happy to satisfy you to", "0H_YVJOop5y-00028-00014741-00015238": "do what you want. But you have to be clear. You can go in and ask for ideas", "0H_YVJOop5y-00029-00015238-00015638": "and input from your talent. Don't forget the talent often has a lot", "0H_YVJOop5y-00030-00015638-00016084": "of experience, so you may ask them if you're unsure, what do you think you", "0H_YVJOop5y-00031-00016084-00016634": "should do? If you were unhappy in this situation, how would you act? Let me know,", "0H_YVJOop5y-00032-00016634-00017201": "and I'll agree with you or disagree. What kind of gesture would you use? What", "0H_YVJOop5y-00033-00017201-00017609": "direction would you face if you were afraid? In this scene, you should be", "0H_YVJOop5y-00034-00017609-00017876": "afraid, so how do you think that would work?", "0H_YVJOop5y-00035-00017876-00018218": "And the talent would be happy to tell you. It's always helpful to have that", "0H_YVJOop5y-00036-00018218-00018853": "extra input. You don't have to take it serious, but it's good to have.", "0H_YVJOop5y-00037-00019035-00019431": "And here we have our talent giving a great performance of standing in line.", "0H_YVJOop5y-00038-00019431-00019812": "Seems like it should be easy. Well, it wasn't very easy that day.", "0H_YVJOop5y-00039-00019812-00020970": "Actually, took us quite a while to get a standing in line video working. So", "0H_YVJOop5y-00040-00020970-00021366": "there's something else that's not makeup, but is very practical. And that's this", "0H_YVJOop5y-00041-00021366-00021990": "little box here, and this box looks look like a little box, right? It has numbers", "0H_YVJOop5y-00042-00021990-00022647": "on it. LED numbers, and those numbers are right now zero zero zero. This is a", "0H_YVJOop5y-00043-00022647-00023274": "counter or a timer. And the reason this is very helpful is it can help your", "0H_YVJOop5y-00044-00023274-00023829": "talent when they're recording. Previously we looked at the teleprompter, the", "0H_YVJOop5y-00045-00023829-00024246": "machine where you can read the words and, you're looking right at the camera. Well", "0H_YVJOop5y-00046-00024246-00024912": "having this machine. It's hard to see ... not very bright here. We have", "0H_YVJOop5y-00047-00024912-00025389": "many lights on, but these numbers come out, and they count up, or they count down.", "0H_YVJOop5y-00048-00025389-00025875": "So to the 1 second, 2 seconds, 3 seconds, 1 minute, 2 minutes. And this way your", "0H_YVJOop5y-00049-00025875-00026427": "talent can see how much time do they have left or how much time have they", "0H_YVJOop5y-00050-00026427-00026955": "used. This helps them understand how they control the time. If you don't do that,", "0H_YVJOop5y-00051-00026955-00027414": "how you gonna control the time? So a clock like that makes your talent or", "0H_YVJOop5y-00052-00027414-00027897": "helps your talent to have a bit of security and kind of comfort zone. I know", "0H_YVJOop5y-00053-00027897-00028110": "I begin here, and I know I end here."}}, {"audio_id": "0HEcvRJWhzg", "text": {"0HEcvRJWhzg-00002-00000501-00000998": "available in 3 variants", "0HEcvRJWhzg-00003-00001096-00001268": "irresistable lure effect", "0HEcvRJWhzg-00004-00001302-00001422": "lures over great distances", "0HEcvRJWhzg-00005-00001422-00001534": "practical spray bottle", "0HEcvRJWhzg-00006-00001534-00001628": "high Quality", "0HEcvRJWhzg-00007-00001628-00001762": "covers own scent", "0HEcvRJWhzg-00011-00002806-00002998": "the practical spray bottle can sit comfortably in your pocket at all times,", "0HEcvRJWhzg-00012-00003024-00003264": "simply apply to appropriate material"}}, {"audio_id": "0I0pGhev5SU", "text": {"0I0pGhev5SU-00000-00000000-00000153": "SUB TO THIS CHANNEL (NOW)", "0I0pGhev5SU-00001-00000223-00000423": "link in desc :)"}}, {"audio_id": "0I6eugjnjKU", "text": {"0I6eugjnjKU-00000-00000740-00001065": "... and so, I've worked in it initially from the adaptive management tradition,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00001-00001065-00001449": "which is a tradition where you do multi-party, multi-disciplinary workshops", "0I6eugjnjKU-00002-00001531-00001992": "with diverse stakeholders, and you collectively explore a problem space", "0I6eugjnjKU-00003-00001992-00002103": "to see if you can", "0I6eugjnjKU-00004-00002103-00002478": "differentiate where the key research questions are, where the key points of", "0I6eugjnjKU-00005-00002478-00002648": "negotiation are and you kind of", "0I6eugjnjKU-00006-00002648-00003061": "basically facilitate the negotiation through a kind of analytical process.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00007-00003061-00003313": "I wanted to see how that would,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00008-00003313-00003583": "how to actually if you like, deepen that skill set,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00009-00003583-00003931": "so my research led me down to these kind of foundations in terms of", "0I6eugjnjKU-00010-00003931-00004185": "adaptiveness of the kind of personal and sort of", "0I6eugjnjKU-00011-00004185-00004341": "conversational levels.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00012-00004512-00004834": "I've developed some new models for what is going on", "0I6eugjnjKU-00013-00004834-00005084": "when we are feeling our way in situations.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00014-00005196-00005538": "I've articulated the non-standard logic for example, which I found necessary in order to", "0I6eugjnjKU-00015-00005538-00005864": "describe the kind of feel that you have for situations.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00016-00005864-00006185": "If that seems opaque, a good example is to, remember what it's like to have", "0I6eugjnjKU-00017-00006185-00006353": "something on the tip of your tongue.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00018-00006353-00006662": "It's very clear that we know something", "0I6eugjnjKU-00019-00006662-00006978": "about what we've forgotten, for example, if it's on the tip of our tongue,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00020-00006978-00007313": "but we also don't know in the sense of being able to say what it is", "0I6eugjnjKU-00021-00007313-00007559": "and so there's a kind of a,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00022-00007559-00007843": "it's an instance from everyday experience which shows that there's a", "0I6eugjnjKU-00023-00007843-00007937": "kind of a", "0I6eugjnjKU-00024-00007937-00008172": "creative possibility in kinds of knowing", "0I6eugjnjKU-00025-00008172-00008297": "in-the-felt,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00026-00008297-00008607": "which we normally don't pay very good attention to.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00027-00008607-00008821": "So, anyway, I've done a whole lot of work to say,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00028-00008821-00009227": "to articulate what is going on in those kinds of processes", "0I6eugjnjKU-00029-00009227-00009334": "and to", "0I6eugjnjKU-00030-00009334-00009683": "start to build research methods and frames of reference for", "0I6eugjnjKU-00031-00009683-00009871": "investigating that kind of practice.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00032-00009871-00010274": "Well, probably there'd be three ways I get students to use reflection", "0I6eugjnjKU-00033-00010274-00010393": "in my units.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00034-00010393-00010728": "One of them is -- I might set them a task like, for example,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00035-00010728-00011184": "a negotiation exercise where it's a role-play", "0I6eugjnjKU-00036-00011184-00011522": "and I will often ask them to do a kind of double track process,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00037-00011522-00011664": "where they're both", "0I6eugjnjKU-00038-00011664-00011789": "negotiating", "0I6eugjnjKU-00039-00011789-00012103": "and they're paying attention to how they personally are present in", "0I6eugjnjKU-00040-00012103-00012319": "the negotiation process.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00041-00012319-00012578": "So what I'm trying to do is, I'm trying to get them", "0I6eugjnjKU-00042-00012578-00012729": "to notice, for example,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00043-00012729-00013174": "when they segue from being more reactive to being more reflective within the", "0I6eugjnjKU-00044-00013174-00013343": "negotiation process", "0I6eugjnjKU-00045-00013343-00013488": "and I teach a", "0I6eugjnjKU-00046-00013488-00013821": "new negotiation using a practice tradition called 'Principle Negotiation'", "0I6eugjnjKU-00047-00013821-00013916": "which is about", "0I6eugjnjKU-00048-00013916-00014254": "shifting from positional bargaining to interest based bargaining,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00049-00014254-00014671": "plus a few other things, but that shift has actually got in it a kind of a layer which", "0I6eugjnjKU-00050-00014671-00015101": "is about how reactive and mechanical is the process and how open", "0I6eugjnjKU-00051-00015101-00015393": "is it and what kind of creativity is built into the way in which you", "0I6eugjnjKU-00052-00015393-00015738": "approach your negotiation practice. So I'm asking students to pay", "0I6eugjnjKU-00053-00015738-00016033": "attention as they are doing their negotiation, how they", "0I6eugjnjKU-00054-00016033-00016247": "and their colleagues are doing their work,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00055-00016247-00016543": "and that's got this reflection-in-action component in it.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00056-00016543-00016765": "So that's one layer.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00057-00016765-00016904": "The second layer is,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00058-00016904-00017307": "I use a lot of workshop exercises in my teaching", "0I6eugjnjKU-00059-00017307-00017730": "'cause a lot of the stuff I'm focussed on is really only learnable by doing it.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00060-00017730-00017945": "It's helpful to learn about it as a frame,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00061-00017945-00018315": "but you've can't actually learn the skill because it's know-how, you can't learn it unless you", "0I6eugjnjKU-00062-00018315-00018438": "actually try it out.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00063-00018438-00018610": "So there's a lot of practicums", "0I6eugjnjKU-00064-00018610-00018975": "and I structure the practicums, the usual model is, we do something and", "0I6eugjnjKU-00065-00018975-00019423": "then we reflect as a group, well sometimes individually, and always as a group on it.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00066-00019423-00019678": "So there's a kind of a reflection-on-action thing", "0I6eugjnjKU-00067-00019678-00019966": "going on there that's designed into the teaching process.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00068-00019966-00020377": "And the third thing I do is, I set some assignments usually, which have got", "0I6eugjnjKU-00069-00020377-00020621": "a kind of a personal reflection dimension to it.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00070-00020621-00020941": "I had a groupwork course this semester for example where I got", "0I6eugjnjKU-00071-00020941-00021100": "students to reflect on", "0I6eugjnjKU-00072-00021100-00021248": "the experience of group work,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00073-00021248-00021552": "and the reason for that is that because working together is fundamental to", "0I6eugjnjKU-00074-00021552-00021872": "solving nearly all environmental problems", "0I6eugjnjKU-00075-00021872-00022104": "because there are many stakeholders involved", "0I6eugjnjKU-00076-00022104-00022406": "and no one entity that's got the level control that's necessary to", "0I6eugjnjKU-00077-00022406-00022509": "produce a good outcome.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00078-00022509-00022710": "So that kind of a", "0I6eugjnjKU-00079-00022710-00023094": "capacity to work collectively is very important, so that's one example.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00080-00023094-00023491": "I was teaching a course on Environmental Impact Assessment", "0I6eugjnjKU-00081-00023491-00023840": "and environmental impact assessment in practice often involves you in", "0I6eugjnjKU-00082-00023840-00023971": "tensions around", "0I6eugjnjKU-00083-00023971-00024274": "who will make money in what ways", "0I6eugjnjKU-00084-00024274-00024568": "and tensions with political agendas, if you're working for a consultant", "0I6eugjnjKU-00085-00024568-00024978": "who is working for a developer, there's going to be an advocacy expectation from the", "0I6eugjnjKU-00086-00024978-00025318": "developer end of the thing. If you're working in government you may well find,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00087-00025318-00025623": "depending on how senior you are,", "0I6eugjnjKU-00088-00025623-00025726": "that your professional judgement", "0I6eugjnjKU-00089-00025726-00026231": "is kind of woven in with a very complex and perhaps difficult political environment", "0I6eugjnjKU-00090-00026231-00026625": "and so I wanted people to reflect on what their own", "0I6eugjnjKU-00091-00026625-00027054": "personal ground was in relation to ethics and professional practice in EIA.", "0I6eugjnjKU-00092-00027054-00027319": "So I think it's a key thing to actually prepare people for the", "0I6eugjnjKU-00093-00027319-00027688": "realities of professional practice and it gets really quite personal that kind of", "0I6eugjnjKU-00094-00027688-00028002": "ethical stuff so a reflective practice piece was very appropriate for that."}}, {"audio_id": "0InAe4xFS5u", "text": {"0InAe4xFS5u-00000-00000158-00000870": "When Zeenat came to us, she had a  fractured hip and wounds on her leg.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00001-00001079-00001391": "She had been hit by a car...", "0InAe4xFS5u-00002-00001391-00001743": "...and was in a pitiful condition.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00003-00001743-00002005": "Despite being in so much pain...", "0InAe4xFS5u-00004-00002005-00002335": "...she remained very calm during her treatments.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00005-00002457-00002767": "Hazel had a similar story as well.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00006-00002767-00003051": "Her rescuers knew that she would not make it...", "0InAe4xFS5u-00007-00003051-00003456": "...if she was left out on the streets.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00008-00003456-00003778": "They were unable to keep her with them...", "0InAe4xFS5u-00009-00003778-00004260": "...which is why they got her here.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00010-00004260-00004879": "Zeenat got regular treatments till she recovered fully.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00011-00004879-00005146": "During that time, Hazel found a home.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00012-00005146-00005485": "Andrea from America decided to adopt her.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00013-00005932-00006222": "But due to flights not plying at that time...", "0InAe4xFS5u-00014-00006222-00006571": "...we were not able to sent Hazel to  her forever home immediately.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00015-00007404-00007720": "During that time, Zeenat and Hazel  started becoming friends.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00016-00007720-00008098": "They became very close to each other.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00017-00008098-00008660": "They became best friends from the get  go, and loved playing with each other.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00018-00008660-00009119": "When Hazel's adopter found out about her best friend...", "0InAe4xFS5u-00019-00009119-00009491": "...she decided to adopt both of them together!", "0InAe4xFS5u-00020-00009491-00009806": "She didn't want to separate them <3", "0InAe4xFS5u-00021-00010085-00010593": "She even made a new garden for both of them to play in!", "0InAe4xFS5u-00022-00010593-00011037": "She couldn't wait for them to come home!", "0InAe4xFS5u-00023-00011037-00011358": "After months of waiting, when flights started flying...", "0InAe4xFS5u-00024-00011358-00011786": "...we sent Hazel and Zeenat to their new home!", "0InAe4xFS5u-00025-00012100-00012577": "They love their new family, garden and life!", "0InAe4xFS5u-00026-00012577-00012797": "Could things get any better? :)", "0InAe4xFS5u-00027-00013626-00014115": "It's not that while Hazel and Zeenat  were waiting to find a home...", "0InAe4xFS5u-00028-00014115-00014517": "...other strays were not getting adopted...", "0InAe4xFS5u-00029-00014517-00014878": "...because adoption is slowly becoming popular.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00030-00014878-00015218": "But breeders are still impregnating  dogs to sell their puppies...", "0InAe4xFS5u-00031-00015218-00015603": "...and there are people still interested in buying breed dogs.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00032-00015603-00016086": "So, if more people start adopting  rather than buying dogs...", "0InAe4xFS5u-00033-00016086-00016703": "...then maybe Hazel and Zeenat would have  found a home right here in India.", "0InAe4xFS5u-00034-00016703-00017088": "Let's make adoption a bigger trend  and remember that...", "0InAe4xFS5u-00035-00017088-00017382": "...friends are made not bought!"}}, {"audio_id": "0IvWnFTP-xc", "text": {"0IvWnFTP-xc-00000-00000765-00001055": "下次見工嘅時候, 準備多d着數d.", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00001-00001055-00001455": "我真係覺得自己好失敗.", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00002-00001455-00001855": "其實你都唔鐘意哩份工, 走啦.", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00003-00003068-00003586": "唔駛驚. 喂, 你講呀. 得喇.", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00004-00003686-00003964": "I'll pass the message to her, bye bye", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00005-00003964-00004364": "Hi, can I help you? We want some information about this company", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00006-00004364-00004819": "What kinds of information? My friend is thinking of applying for a job here", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00007-00004819-00005154": "He wants to know something about the company", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00008-00005254-00005654": "Thank you ... goodbye ... goodbye ... here you go", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00009-00006219-00006578": "Crown Consulting means helping organisations re-engineer", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00010-00006578-00006942": "or re-think the way they do business", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00011-00006942-00007329": "by linking technology, strategy, the business processes", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00012-00007329-00007770": "and people ... okay now say it in your own words", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00013-00007770-00008083": "What's the point!  I'm not going to get", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00014-00008083-00008402": "an interview anyway ... 咦, 你哋有兩份呀?", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00015-00008402-00008729": "係呀, 攞份去吖, 攞埋去啦, 我唔要哩份.", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00016-00008729-00009045": "唔駛喇! 一份夠, 多謝!", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00017-00009045-00009364": "啊, 哥話俾亞媽聽我今日六點鐘先返屋企, bye bye.", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00018-00009711-00010281": "Come on Kelvin, say it again in your own words", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00019-00010381-00010718": "You are going to get an interview. You know that don't you! So come on!", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00020-00010718-00010960": "Let's hear you", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00021-00011060-00011363": "Well", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00022-00011363-00011697": "Crown Consulting means", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00023-00011897-00012263": "helping organisations re-engineer or", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00024-00012263-00012617": "re-think the way they", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00025-00012617-00012941": "do business ... they know all that", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00026-00012941-00013260": "They wrote it! They want to hear what you have to say", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00027-00013260-00013576": "I haven't got anything to say ... Listen!", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00028-00013576-00014225": "I think I can play a valuable role", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00029-00014225-00014570": "in your company because Crown Consulting helps organisations", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00030-00014570-00014888": "redesigned the way they do business by bringing technology", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00031-00014888-00015326": "into the whole business process; often the technological side of a business is", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00032-00015326-00015708": "kept separate;  I've seen it happen and I'm interested in", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00033-00015708-00016066": "helping to bring the technology right into the main part of the business", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00034-00016066-00016438": "to let people know what they can really do with it;  to make it work for the", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00035-00016438-00016486": "company", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00036-00016486-00016865": "as a whole on all levels", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00037-00016965-00017315": "Now you try ... Can you say it again? No!", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00038-00017315-00017687": "Come on! I can't! Try! Let's have another look", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00039-00017687-00017985": "No, you will only start reading it again", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00040-00017985-00018385": "What time's Angela coming back? Concentrate!", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00041-00019069-00019174": "Hmm", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00042-00019174-00019533": "I think I can play a valuable role in your company", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00043-00019533-00019890": "because Crown Consulting helps organisations", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00044-00019890-00020242": "redesign the way they do business by bringing technology", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00045-00020242-00020574": "into the whole business process", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00046-00020574-00020907": "Often the technological side of a business is kept separate", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00047-00020907-00021418": "I've seen it happen and I'm interested in helping to bring technology", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00048-00021418-00021915": "right into the main part of the business; to let the people know what they can really do", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00049-00021915-00021989": "with it", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00050-00021989-00022356": "to make it work for the company as a whole on all levels", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00051-00022356-00022814": "Where have you seen it happening? Sorry?", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00052-00022814-00023202": "You said you've seen companies where technology has been separate from the whole", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00053-00023202-00023307": "business process", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00054-00023307-00023619": "I just wondered where that was ...  Yes", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00055-00023619-00024028": "the summer before,  I worked for Moving Mountains Industries", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00056-00024028-00024544": "and after I was there for some days, I was very surprised. Why?", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00057-00024544-00025001": "The company is responsible for some major infrastructure projects", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00058-00025001-00025345": "in China and Indonesia and other places", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00059-00025345-00025776": "They are a big company but their information systems", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00060-00025776-00026235": "were so basic. Really ...  What was your job there?", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00061-00026235-00026647": "I was helping to set up some basic systems for the general office", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00062-00026647-00026963": "mainly word processing and email", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00063-00026963-00027266": "but I could see that they were using filing cabinets", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00064-00027266-00027708": "for everything; very old fashioned;  come and go to the", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00065-00027708-00028047": "you know, filing cabinet all the time", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00066-00028047-00028355": "you could see the desks covered in paper", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00067-00028355-00028670": "I couldn't believe it ... no data bank", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00068-00028670-00028993": "nothing; why? So I asked them", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00069-00028993-00029538": "Why not set up a comprehensive data bank? It can contain coverage on all aspects", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00070-00029538-00029663": "of your company work", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00071-00029663-00030079": "No need for all these filing cabinets", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00072-00030079-00030412": "And, you can use it for so many things; analysis", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00073-00030412-00030866": "organisation;  budgeting;  make everything more efficient", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00074-00030866-00031193": "What did they say? They were so busy", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00075-00031193-00031566": "and I was a student, just working in my vacation", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00076-00031566-00031941": "You were too junior ...  I think so", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00077-00031941-00032320": "And maybe they don't want to listen to me, and also", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00078-00032320-00032795": "I think they like the old ways; sometimes people don't like to change so much", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00079-00032795-00033266": "they like to stick with what they know ... and they said that it was expensive to do so", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00080-00033266-00033653": "to install the new system; but I said to them", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00081-00033653-00033984": "if they'd let me to install a database, the money", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00082-00033984-00034351": "would not be as much as the money they need for new filing cabinets", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00083-00034351-00034653": "and new staff to come and go to the filing cabinets", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00084-00034653-00034988": "You said that? Yes", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00085-00034988-00035525": "Did they buy that idea? Buy? ermm?", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00086-00035525-00035995": "Did they listen to you? I don't think so ... Amazing!", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00087-00035995-00036384": "You would have thought they would have jumped at the idea of having someone", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00088-00036384-00036426": "help", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00089-00036426-00036814": "out in a way you suggested ... Well I thought", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00090-00036814-00037221": "okay I'll show them, a little bit, let them see", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00091-00037221-00037625": "I used a false pro package and created  different files", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00092-00037625-00038189": "on different aspects of the company's work, past clients, supplier sources", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00093-00038189-00038562": "cost indices; one of the people there", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00094-00038562-00038866": "working there, was a friend of my brother's", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00095-00038866-00039224": "he helped me get some information, not secret", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00096-00039224-00039562": "just general information, when I finish", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00097-00039562-00039966": "I show one of the managers and he told some of the others to have a look", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00098-00039966-00040328": "and they said I could continue what I was doing", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00099-00040328-00040726": "so you convinced him? ... Yes, and I showed them", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00100-00040726-00041180": "how I can create a memo field, so we could allow people to make comments", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00101-00041580-00041790": "Last summer you worked as a part-time", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00102-00041790-00042128": "clerk at  Mayhew Styne International ... Yes", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00103-00042128-00042603": "How about what you saw there? Was there a separation between technology and their", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00104-00042603-00042772": "business process? No", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00105-00042772-00043138": "it was very good, very good. Mayhew Styne", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00106-00043138-00043663": "they're one of our clients aren't they? Glad to hear everything was okay", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00107-00043663-00044088": "Very efficient company; all the technology is very modern", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00108-00044088-00044405": "Very good communication systems ... Yes", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00109-00044405-00044783": "I remember we recommended installation of some pretty", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00110-00044783-00045115": "effective cross-platform software there ... risk-based computers", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00111-00045115-00045515": "very effective ... So did you enjoy working there?", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00112-00045515-00045921": "Yes I enjoyed my work, I can learn a lot of things", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00113-00045921-00046271": "You're just about to finish three years at university", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00114-00046271-00046633": "Yes ... What would you say you got out of it?", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00115-00046633-00047003": "What have you learnt? ... I've learned many things", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00116-00047003-00047353": "Your degree is in engineering isn't it?", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00117-00047353-00047777": "I hope so! ... Well I was assuming you'd pass", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00118-00047777-00048165": "Think you will get first class honours? ... First class honours", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00119-00048165-00048502": "I don't think so, maybe", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00120-00048502-00048845": "Upper second?  ... Maybe", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00121-00048845-00049182": "But can you use what you've learned if you come and work with us?", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00122-00049182-00049697": "I think so ... In what way? ... I think I can be very useful", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00123-00049697-00050024": "particularly in the technological section", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00124-00050024-00050424": "and I have good relevant work experience", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00125-00052584-00052784": "Ms Angela Wong", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00126-00053253-00053666": "Ms Wong ... Please call me Angela ... Angela", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00127-00053666-00054144": "Are you the same person now as you were on  your first day at University?", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00128-00054144-00054544": "No I was much better then!", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00129-00054544-00055000": "Anything else? When I first started University", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00130-00055037-00055320": "All I knew was that I wanted to get a degree", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00131-00055320-00055944": "I chose business studies because, well to be honest,  everyone wants to do business because", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00132-00055944-00056129": "they thought that was the way to make money", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00133-00056129-00056497": "but then after I started the course", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00134-00056497-00056864": "and with my summer work experience, I found that", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00135-00056864-00057253": "I was really interested in what I was studying, personnel management,", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00136-00057253-00057367": "marketing", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00137-00057367-00057684": "information management, even the financial and legal side of things", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00138-00057684-00058225": "I see ... before that I thought business was just about money", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00139-00058225-00058564": "but I came to realise it was about a lot more than that", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00140-00058564-00058895": "more than anything else it was about people", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00141-00058895-00059333": "that's what I like, meeting people, talking to people", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00142-00059333-00059670": "helping people ... So you become more focused and motivated?", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00143-00059670-00060238": "Definitely ...  How else have you changed?  I know more about life", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00144-00060238-00060814": "about people, when I worked for the Social Department a few summers ago", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00145-00060814-00061159": "as a volunteer, I saw how really poor people lived", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00146-00061159-00061554": "people with no home, people with no money at all", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00147-00061554-00061946": "it opened my eyes ...  Do you think that the system has let them down?", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00148-00061946-00062263": "They had nothing, I felt really sorry for them, that's all", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00149-00062263-00062739": "Why do you think they had nothing?  They were poor people", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00150-00062739-00063157": "They didn't have any education or training Were the social services", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00151-00063157-00063501": "arranging training programmes for them?  They were trying to.", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00152-00063501-00063823": "So what did you learn from all that?", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00153-00063823-00064163": "Next summer I had a job with Mattel and", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00154-00064163-00064747": "Cindy as Temporary Marketing Assistant, I worked in a very modern", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00155-00064747-00065086": "office on the twentieth floor of a high-rise in Central", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00156-00065086-00065404": "The Shenton Centre, it was a great job", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00157-00065404-00065861": "and I learned a lot, but whenever I looked out of the", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00158-00065861-00066208": "window, I didn't just see a lot of tall modern buildings", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00159-00066208-00066674": "I also knew that out there were people with no homes to go to", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00160-00066674-00067239": "And what difference did that make?  It didn't affect the way I did my job", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00161-00067239-00067697": "It just, well I just felt that", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00162-00067697-00068194": "I couldn't take things for granted I suppose ... Have you ever thought of going into the", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00163-00068194-00068294": "social services", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00164-00068294-00068670": "as a career? Yes, but in the end", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00165-00068670-00069061": "I don't think I would have the deep down commitment I think you need", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00166-00069061-00069503": "it was good as a summer job, good to open my eyes to something", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00167-00069503-00070032": "I might never have seen, but I really want to go into business, into management", "0IvWnFTP-xc-00168-00070032-00070270": "that's why I've applied for this job"}}, {"audio_id": "0II_2PQqaKk", "text": {"0II_2PQqaKk-00001-00000969-00001516": "Welcome to a new video by Jesus H.N. BIGAMER", "0II_2PQqaKk-00002-00001560-00001907": "And you can see in the title, the video is the next", "0II_2PQqaKk-00003-00002022-00002450": "you know that i start to play it fast and then slow", "0II_2PQqaKk-00004-00002594-00002908": "before to start I will send greetings", "0II_2PQqaKk-00005-00002953-00003083": "to Dios de la muerte", "0II_2PQqaKk-00006-00003158-00003411": "to", "0II_2PQqaKk-00007-00003411-00003582": "Elban_dido Gamer 8v", "0II_2PQqaKk-00008-00003711-00004029": "to alastox_x", "0II_2PQqaKk-00009-00004139-00004383": "also to karolth blaze", "0II_2PQqaKk-00010-00004502-00004786": "finally to Erick Lang", "0II_2PQqaKk-00011-00004892-00005191": "well, we start", "0II_2PQqaKk-00036-00011240-00011530": "Well, that´s all about the video", "0II_2PQqaKk-00037-00011530-00011837": "you know that you can give me a like or dislike", "0II_2PQqaKk-00038-00011838-00012100": "and if it is the first time that you watch one of my videos", "0II_2PQqaKk-00039-00012100-00012358": "you can subscribe and activate the bell", "0II_2PQqaKk-00040-00012358-00012732": "for notifications about future videos", "0II_2PQqaKk-00041-00012732-00012978": "then, we go to play it slow", "0II_2PQqaKk-00042-00013058-00013154": "chao"}}, {"audio_id": "0IQyZPR0HD8", "text": {"0IQyZPR0HD8-00000-00000540-00000774": "I woke up this morning and felt very excited to practice.", "0IQyZPR0HD8-00001-00000798-00000958": "So I opened YouTube", "0IQyZPR0HD8-00002-00000977-00001158": "to watch my favorite guitarists.", "0IQyZPR0HD8-00004-00001446-00001770": "Wow!", "0IQyZPR0HD8-00005-00001884-00002288": "Then I practiced what I got from YouTube."}}, {"audio_id": "0J0FkjR5_dE", "text": {"0J0FkjR5_dE-00000-00001707-00001897": "Thanks for coming after lunch.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00001-00001897-00002078": "This is exciting.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00002-00002078-00002442": "As you know we're going to be talking about automating stateful applications with Kubernetes", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00003-00002442-00002643": "-- I kicked my water over.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00004-00002643-00002974": "That's a good start.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00005-00002974-00003368": "What that is going to entail is basically an overview of why do you care about operators", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00006-00003368-00004029": "in the first place, what problems are they solving, how they work and then we'll transition", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00007-00004029-00004502": "a little bit into things like the operator framework and the SDK, if you're in a situation", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00008-00004502-00004940": "where maybe it makes sense to build operators yourself or use them to solve some of your", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00009-00004940-00005040": "problems.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00010-00005040-00005369": "So to make sure that we stay on track, I'm going to jump right into it.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00011-00005369-00005664": "I'm Jan Kleinert as you know.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00012-00005664-00006039": "And open shift is one of the things I work on, which of course is a distribution of Kubernetes", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00013-00006039-00006139": "if you're not familiar.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00014-00006139-00006743": "Now I suspect with this audience, how many of you are at least familiar with Kubernetes?", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00015-00006743-00006915": "So that's a whole lot.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00016-00006915-00007238": "So I'm not going to get into the weeds of what's Kubernetes.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00017-00007238-00007800": "Though it is important to have that foundational knowledge for operators to make any sense.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00018-00007800-00008340": "So you're probably pretty familiar with the fact that Kubernetes is a container orchestration", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00019-00008340-00008867": "platform, helps you manage applications at scale and a lot of stuff you would normally", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00020-00008867-00009117": "have to do yourself.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00021-00009117-00009559": "We will skip this completely because you probably know what it helps you do.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00022-00009559-00010160": "Just to hit home, there's a bunch of native, primitive types in Kubernetes, pods, services,", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00023-00010160-00010260": "deployments.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00024-00010260-00010447": "Kubernetes knows what those are.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00025-00010447-00010946": "You can say get pods I know what a pod is.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00026-00010946-00011092": "And that's important for later.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00027-00011092-00011585": "So you can manage your Kubernetes cluster using the Kubernetes API or through command", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00028-00011585-00011908": "line tools and things like that every, of course.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00029-00011908-00012129": "An object definition looks something like this.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00030-00012129-00012829": "This is part of what setting up a pod would look like.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00031-00012829-00013481": "You can see it's got a type, some metadata, in this case a container spec and we talked", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00032-00013481-00013836": "about Kubernetes there for about two minutes but that's not what we're here to talk about.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00033-00013836-00014013": "We're here to talk about operators.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00034-00014013-00014533": "So why should you care about them in the first place?", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00035-00014533-00014929": "Scaling stateless applications on Kubernetes is actually pretty easy.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00036-00014929-00015419": "There is built-in types like replica set that do a lot of this for you.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00037-00015419-00015957": "So you can run a command like this, tell it what you want to scale and how many replicas", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00038-00015957-00016291": "you want and it will just take care of that for you.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00039-00016291-00016467": "So that looks something like this.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00040-00016467-00016986": "So you can see here we're issuing our scale command.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00041-00016986-00017360": "And one of the cool things that I think is kind of unique about Kubernetes is that it's", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00042-00017360-00017460": "so declarative.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00043-00017460-00017872": "You've got year desired state, how you want the world to look, and you've got your actual", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00044-00017872-00017972": "state.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00045-00017972-00018373": "You can see we're telling it our desired state is we want three replicas.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00046-00018373-00018589": "Our current state is we only have one.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00047-00018589-00019169": "When we issue that scale command, Kubernetes is going to do whatever needs to be done to", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00048-00019169-00019644": "bring us up to have our actual state more in line with the desired state so we have", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00049-00019644-00019790": "three pods running.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00050-00019790-00020084": "Nothing too new there.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00051-00020084-00020207": "So that's easy.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00052-00020207-00020663": "Scaling up stateless applications you do things like this and you're all set.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00053-00020663-00020916": "What about applications that store data?", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00054-00020916-00021294": "Or what about applications that have their own notion of a cluster in so for example", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00055-00021294-00021844": "if you are running some kind of database that had master's and worker notes and then you're", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00056-00021844-00022372": "trying to run that on Kubernetes, and you need to be able to handle things like failures", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00057-00022372-00022676": "and up grades and patching and things like that.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00058-00022676-00022856": "It becomes more complex.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00059-00022856-00023422": "Now again, creating a database on Kubernetes is also easy.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00060-00023422-00023870": "You can run something like this, basically tell it what image you want to run and you've", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00061-00023870-00024047": "got your database.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00062-00024047-00024323": "This is a made-up database.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00063-00024323-00024513": "It can be whatever it is you want.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00064-00024513-00024748": "It's easy to get it up and running.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00065-00024748-00024958": "The running it overtime is harder.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00066-00024958-00025714": "Some of those actions patches and upgrades, handling, failure, healing, that's much more", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00067-00025714-00025925": "complex.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00068-00025925-00026304": "So any time you've got these stateful applications, it doesn't have to be a database, it's just", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00069-00026304-00026766": "an easy example that's a go-to, you're going to have to deal with these types of complications.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00070-00026766-00027494": "Resize, upgrade, reconfigure, backup and particularly with a notion of their own cluster, that can", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00071-00027494-00027594": "be complicated.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00072-00027594-00027997": "There could be a lot of actions that have to take place before you can complete whatever", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00073-00027997-00028481": "it is you're trying to do and it may not be just the particular application that you're", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00074-00028481-00028617": "working with that has to change.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00075-00028617-00029380": "There may be other resources in your cluster that need to be dealt with as well.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00076-00029380-00029523": "So this is true.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00077-00029523-00029901": "Any application on any platform might only have to be installed once, but it's going", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00078-00029901-00030379": "to need to be configured, managed and upgraded over time over the course of the time you're", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00079-00030379-00030552": "running that application.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00080-00030552-00030977": "Upgrading, patching, things like that of course are critical to security and running secure", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00081-00030977-00031379": "apps is critical to your business.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00082-00031379-00031739": "And when it comes down to it, anything that's not automated is slowing you down.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00083-00031739-00032362": "So whenever you've got to have people taking manual actions to do whatever it is in your", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00084-00032362-00032907": "system, that requires the resources from them that they could be spending on other things,", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00085-00032907-00033307": "it is just going to make things go slower.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00086-00033307-00033492": "So if only Kubernetes knew.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00087-00033492-00033703": "What am I trying to talk about here?", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00088-00033703-00034235": "Basically what if Kubernetes knew all of the things that, let's say your best database", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00089-00034235-00034755": "administrator knows about how to actually run this, we're going to call it production-ready", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00090-00034755-00035290": "database, run this production-ready database on Kubernetes?", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00091-00035290-00035410": "So this is John.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00092-00035410-00035726": "He's been working at your company for let's say four years.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00093-00035726-00035845": "And he does have all of that knowledge.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00094-00035845-00036180": "He's got this figured out for your environment.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00095-00036180-00036518": "He knows what is needed to get that database installed.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00096-00036518-00036972": "He knows how all the steps that are needed to kind of manage it in a production-ready", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00097-00036972-00037072": "way.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00098-00037072-00037279": "He can handle backing up and all that stuff.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00099-00037279-00037522": "But there is only one of him.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00100-00037522-00037681": "And his time is limited.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00101-00037681-00038066": "And any time someone in your company needs these resources, they need some of his time.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00102-00038066-00038504": "And some companies, some organizations aren't even going to have somebody like John.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00103-00038504-00038953": "So there may just be too much of a barrier to being able to run these types of stateful", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00104-00038953-00039421": "applications on Kubernetes if you don't have somebody or some resource with the knowledge", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00105-00039421-00039801": "of how to actually do that in a reasonable, safe way over time.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00106-00039801-00040152": "So what if we could take all of his object racial -- operational knowledge and kind of", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00107-00040152-00041084": "package it up, turn it into basically put it into code and put it in a box, what I'm", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00108-00041084-00041184": "trying to show you here.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00109-00041184-00041590": "What if you can take all that knowledge and pack it up.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00110-00041590-00042026": "And then you can take that knowledge that's all packaged up and you can install that on", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00111-00042026-00042663": "any Kubernetes cluster running in any enterprise on any cloud, and have that production-ready", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00112-00042663-00043211": "database or whatever your stateful software is, able to run on any cluster.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00113-00043211-00043671": "And it would have that knowledge embedded with it of what to do when it needs to be", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00114-00043671-00044030": "installed, configured, backed up, all of that.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00115-00044030-00044345": "So that's really what we're talking about -- that red is a little hard to see.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00116-00044345-00044445": "Sorry about that.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00117-00044445-00044802": "That's what we're talking about when we talk about the operator pattern.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00118-00044802-00045250": "We're talking about automated software managers that handle the installation and lifecycle", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00119-00045250-00045368": "of Kubernetes applications.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00120-00045368-00045927": "What I mean by Kubernetes applications is applications that run on Kubernetes and also", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00121-00045927-00046246": "kind of interact with certain parts of the API or the system itself.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00122-00046246-00046740": "So kind of Kubernetes native applications.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00123-00046740-00046856": "And so how does it work?", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00124-00046856-00047324": "So there's already ways of extending Kubernetes through the API.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00125-00047324-00047752": "So this not anything new or specific to operators.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00126-00047752-00048027": "But we use custom controllers.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00127-00048027-00048252": "And custom resource definitions.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00128-00048252-00048688": "So the way that these kind of work together, if you're not familiar, is so the custom controller", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00129-00048688-00049146": "is going to know about your particular resource type or application.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00130-00049146-00049764": "And it's going to be watching for changes, for different events that it needs to take", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00131-00049764-00049876": "action on.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00132-00049876-00050237": "It's going to look at the state of the system and say am I in the state I need to be, and", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00133-00050237-00050744": "if not, the knowledge of what to do in the if not case, is going to be built in to that", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00134-00050744-00050844": "controller.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00135-00050844-00051388": "So if the if not is oh, I'm supposed to have three instances of whatever this is and I", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00136-00051388-00051819": "only have two, it's going to know what needs to happen, all the things that need to happen", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00137-00051819-00052089": "to bring that into the right state.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00138-00052089-00052654": "And the custom resource definition is what lets your cluster know what a production-ready", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00139-00052654-00053004": "database type is in Kubernetes.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00140-00053004-00053515": "So that that custom controller can watch and interact with it.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00141-00053515-00054027": "And to look at that in a more visual way, the dotted line, big square, that's your controller", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00142-00054027-00054723": "that's watching and running a reconciliation loop and you've got your custom resource that", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00143-00054723-00055089": "interacts with it.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00144-00055089-00055537": "So here we have the blue kind of rounded rectangle is your cluster.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00145-00055537-00055823": "I'm a very good artist.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00146-00055823-00056391": "And we have our controller down here on the bottom that's just sitting and watching and", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00147-00056391-00056491": "waiting.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00148-00056491-00056825": "Here's our custom resource definition for our production-ready database.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00149-00056825-00057379": "It's got a name in the metadata that's not very excited but in our spec you can see we", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00150-00057379-00057904": "want a cluster size of 3, two replicas and a particular version to be running.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00151-00057904-00058641": "When that's applied to the system, the controller is going to see that, and do the arrow with", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00152-00058641-00058871": "the dots and the circle is whatever it takes.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00153-00058871-00059152": "I don't have to know whatever it takes as a user.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00154-00059152-00059605": "Whoever wrote the operator knows that, so I get the benefit of that knowledge.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00155-00059605-00060017": "The controller is going to do whatever needs to be done to bring up those three replicas", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00156-00060017-00060217": "that I want on the system.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00157-00060217-00060710": "So that is a very simplified version of how that works.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00158-00060710-00060970": "So I don't like talking about things in an abstract way.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00159-00060970-00061274": "So let's look at a simple example of an operator.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00160-00061274-00061594": "This is the etcd operator.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00161-00061594-00062411": "It's a distributive value store that Kubernetes uses for storing cluster state.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00162-00062411-00062909": "And here's an example of what our custom resource might look like for an etcd cluster.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00163-00062909-00063474": "You can see that kind is etcd cluster and we have our spec which says we wanted it to", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00164-00063474-00063789": "be a size 3 and we want version 3.1.0.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00165-00063789-00064210": "Remember that for the next slide.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00166-00064210-00064579": "So with that in mind, we have this loop going on here.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00167-00064579-00064761": "So in the observe state, I can't read that.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00168-00064761-00065033": "So I'm going to read it from over here.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00169-00065033-00065604": "Our etcd has got two running pods right now, we know we want three, and one is running", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00170-00065604-00065956": "version 3.0.9 and the other is running 3.1.0.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00171-00065956-00066457": "We're going to need to say what's different from what we want.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00172-00066457-00066804": "We wanted them all to be 3.1.0 and we wanted three of them.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00173-00066804-00067255": "So the action the controller is going to take is whatever needs to happen to get us to that", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00174-00067255-00067447": "desired application.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00175-00067447-00068414": "But there's probably a lot more to each of those steps than what's listed on the screen.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00176-00068414-00069294": "So instead of trying to play this from the presentation, I'm going to do it this way.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00177-00069294-00069555": "So this is something that you can do yourself.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00178-00069555-00070527": "I have done a screen grab, a screen capture of going through one of the tutorials on learn.openshift.com.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00179-00070527-00070902": "So if you want to try this yourself it's always available.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00180-00070902-00071005": "Let's see what that looks like.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00181-00071005-00071347": "This is shortened version here.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00182-00071347-00071869": "First we're going create the CRD for the operator.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00183-00071869-00071989": "Hopefully you all can read that.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00184-00071989-00072298": "It looks not too, too small.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00185-00072298-00072842": "We already have these yaml files created.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00186-00072842-00073154": "There's some r back stuff that has to happen.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00187-00073154-00073609": "Every operate has its own requirements we need a service account, we need a role and", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00188-00073609-00074775": "a role binding so we're doing that now to get that all set up.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00189-00074775-00075208": "I feel like I'm a fast typer until I watch my typing go on the screen and I'm like man,", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00190-00075208-00075523": "it's not as fast as I thought.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00191-00075523-00075723": "[ Laughter ] So now we have all of that set up.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00192-00075723-00076317": "The next thing we're going to do is create the deployment that has container image.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00193-00076317-00076983": "So we've got another yaml file for that.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00194-00076983-00077256": "So now we have that operator has been created.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00195-00077256-00077651": "We're going to check and make sure that deployment was actually created.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00196-00077651-00078167": "We can see the deployment there called etcd operator and we can see we've got a pod running", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00197-00078167-00078270": "as well.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00198-00078270-00078656": "So now we can actually define an etcd cluster by referring to that custom resource.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00199-00078656-00079194": "So now the Kubernetes cluster is actually going to know what an etcd cluster is.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00200-00079194-00079733": "I have to pause it here so we can look.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00201-00079733-00080260": "So when we, what we're doing here is looking at that yaml for the etcd operator CR.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00202-00080260-00080675": "You can see here we've got the kind of etcd cluster and we're specifying what we want,", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00203-00080675-00081108": "the same, I think, almost the same as what we showed in the original example.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00204-00081108-00081237": "Size of 3 and version 3.1.10.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00205-00081237-00082435": "That's what we're going to run on create on here in just a sec.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00206-00082435-00082770": "Okay.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00207-00082770-00083237": "So now that we've done that, we can make sure that that cluster object was created.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00208-00083237-00083542": "Because now Kubernetes knows what etcd clusters are.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00209-00083542-00083850": "Before if you had run that, it would have been like I don't know what that resource", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00210-00083850-00083950": "is.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00211-00083950-00084052": "But now it knows.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00212-00084052-00084635": "And what we see here, we're trying to get all the pods that have this label, all the", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00213-00084635-00084971": "pods that are these etcd cluster pods.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00214-00084971-00085212": "And what we should see is we asked for three.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00215-00085212-00085526": "So we should see three eventually come up and running.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00216-00085526-00085733": "They're coming.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00217-00085733-00086255": "I went too fast there.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00218-00086255-00086400": "So those are up and running now.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00219-00086400-00086908": "There's a tiny bit of hand waving here because I couldn't show two side by side.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00220-00086908-00087783": "Now we have connected to our etcd cluster and we're just using the etcd command line", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00221-00087783-00088230": "tool to actually put and retrieve something from the data store to make sure it actually", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00222-00088230-00088483": "works.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00223-00088483-00089438": "So kind of just proving to ourselves that this did actually create a useable etcd cluster.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00224-00089438-00090359": "So we put it back out, and at that point we'll be satisfied that it worked and we can go", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00225-00090359-00090664": "back.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00226-00090664-00090764": "Back to our original terminal.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00227-00090764-00091136": "Now we can look at some of the things that you can do with operators.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00228-00091136-00091718": "For example, we're going to scale up our etcd cluster from 3 to 5 members.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00229-00091718-00092257": "We're going to do that by running a patch command to basically change it in spec.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00230-00092257-00092445": "Change the 3 to a 5.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00231-00092445-00092874": "As soon as we do that, I'll pause so you can see what I'm talking about.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00232-00092874-00093629": "So we just are changing the spec size to 5 where it was a 3 before.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00233-00093629-00094137": "And now we should be able to watch those two new pods get created as soon as that's done.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00234-00094137-00094408": "You can see they're starting to come up here.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00235-00094408-00095233": "And we'll have one up and running and the other will come up and running shortly after", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00236-00095233-00095333": "that.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00237-00095333-00095779": "This is a simple example of the types of things operators can do for you.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00238-00095779-00096304": "We could have asked it to change the version and seeing what happened in that case, but", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00239-00096304-00096720": "in the interest of time and not making you guys watch a really long video, that is just", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00240-00096720-00097176": "kind of a quick overview of how you would install and use an operator like etcd which", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00241-00097176-00097350": "is a pretty simple example.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00242-00097350-00097786": "Hopefully that makes it a little more concrete.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00243-00097786-00098811": "As I mentioned before you can try this and other hands-on tutorials yourself.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00244-00098811-00099257": "I think there's maybe between 6 and 9 of them now.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00245-00099257-00099756": "There's also a refresher of the Kubernetes API if you need that before you do some of", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00246-00099756-00099927": "these other things.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00247-00099927-00100357": "But there are some good tutorials there that help you kind of get some of this experience", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00248-00100357-00100767": "yourself and they're always available.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00249-00100767-00101033": "And you can use operators.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00250-00101033-00102118": "Operatorhub.io is a website where they have been created by the community and instructions.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00251-00102118-00102754": "There's even more operators listed in I want to say it's in the operator framework GitHub", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00252-00102754-00103620": "organization under a repo called awesome operators.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00253-00103620-00104207": "There's an even more exhaustive list created by the community there.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00254-00104207-00104454": "That's changing and being added to all the time.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00255-00104454-00104863": "This is not to be -- well, sort of to be confused.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00256-00104863-00105480": "Similar to, within open shift 4 there is an operator hub within there as well, which is", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00257-00105480-00106174": "kind of a subset of what is in operator hub.io to simplify the process and install these", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00258-00106174-00106572": "operators on your cluster if you're an admin.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00259-00106572-00107029": "So if you are, for some reason, creating an operator that would be of use to other people,", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00260-00107029-00107353": "you can also have this added here as well.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00261-00107353-00107734": "A lot of what you'll see, and I think a lot of what is often the use case for creating", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00262-00107734-00108712": "an operator, is services like databases that, you know, maybe retis has an enterprise operator", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00263-00108712-00109207": "they worked with the community to create and that way the community can take advantage", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00264-00109207-00109803": "of that and we're not all out trying to write our own operator because that's not the most", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00265-00109803-00110032": "efficient use of all of our time.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00266-00110032-00110348": "You can take advantage of the fact that somebody has built these for you if they're solving", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00267-00110348-00110641": "a problem you need to solve.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00268-00110641-00111321": "But there might be some cases where you are interested in creating one yourself for some", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00269-00111321-00111704": "specific problem that you need to solve in your organization.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00270-00111704-00111952": "And there is the operator framework that I'll tell you about now.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00271-00111952-00112652": "So this kind of an umbrella over several different projects, including the operator lifecycle", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00272-00112652-00113014": "manager which you can think of an operator for operators.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00273-00113014-00113687": "So where operators handle the installation, configuration, of the application, the lifecycle", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00274-00113687-00114032": "manager does all of that for your operators.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00275-00114032-00114758": "There's also operator metering, which is going to handle, I mean basically gathering metrics", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00276-00114758-00115034": "over time, things like that.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00277-00115034-00115134": "And then the SDK.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00278-00115134-00115540": "So if you are in a situation where it makes sense or you want to explore what it would", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00279-00115540-00116064": "be like to create an operator, the SDK you don't have to use it, but you can use it and", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00280-00116064-00116673": "it will give you some kind of shortcuts and scaffolding to create operators yourself.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00281-00116673-00117114": "I didn't have a slide for this so let me tell you about it.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00282-00117114-00117740": "The SDK currently supports creating operators with helm, ansible or go.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00283-00117740-00118227": "And you can choose.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00284-00118227-00118810": "And it's going to have scaffolding so that you can hook no common events or features", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00285-00118810-00119300": "that an operator might need to have and add in your custom logic and not have to write", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00286-00119300-00119424": "the whole thing from scratch.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00287-00119424-00120194": "It's also going to have hooks from the Kubernetes API that you might commonly need.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00288-00120194-00120640": "You can build an operator let's say you might want to create one in Java for whatever reason,", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00289-00120640-00121113": "you can certainly do that we just don't have the SDK support available so you would have", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00290-00121113-00121510": "to do a little bit more work.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00291-00121510-00121933": "And kind of a final note here on operator maturity model.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00292-00121933-00122267": "Not all operators are created equally.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00293-00122267-00122439": "Sometimes that's by design.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00294-00122439-00123043": "There's kind of this five-phase maturity model, think of it as a complexity model of what", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00295-00123043-00123170": "operators support.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00296-00123170-00123838": "So phase 1 is kind of the simplest where it handles installation and it progresses through", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00297-00123838-00124183": "where it handles upgrades or the whole lifecycle.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00298-00124183-00124675": "Phase 4 is including metrics and logging and all of that metering stuff.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00299-00124675-00125242": "And phase 5 kind handles just about everything.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00300-00125242-00125658": "That's something to keep in mind and I believe if I'm not mistaken, if you look on operator", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00301-00125658-00126186": "hub they will list what phase most of the operators support.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00302-00126186-00126794": "So you know what you're getting in that operator.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00303-00126794-00127289": "So a bunch of resources here and I don't actually have the awesome operators on there.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00304-00127289-00127833": "But you would find it underneath operator-framework on GitHub you would find it as one of the", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00305-00127833-00127933": "repos there.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00306-00127933-00128566": "It's a cool list with lots and lots of options.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00307-00128566-00128888": "If you're looking for something that's high level that's not super technical to share", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00308-00128888-00129447": "with somebody on your team to introduce them to what are operators, this second thing is", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00309-00129447-00129678": "good for that.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00310-00129678-00130361": "A blog post that kind of introduces the framework and then again those resources, the tutorials", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00311-00130361-00130481": "on learn.openshift.com if you want to try them out.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00312-00130481-00130581": "And I think we're actually okay on time.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00313-00130581-00130681": "So thank you.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00314-00130681-00130781": "Do you have any questions?", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00315-00130781-00130881": "[ Applause ] >> If we could get a microphone, or to repeat", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00316-00130881-00130981": "the question.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00317-00130981-00131081": "Just so that we can capture that and make sure everybody can hear.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00318-00131081-00131181": "AUDIENCE: I'll speak it loudly.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00319-00131181-00131281": "So we've been trying to have operators on the clusters and one of the questions that", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00320-00131281-00131381": "I've heard -- is like why would it be to a specific name space or not.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00321-00131381-00131574": "That was actually a question that I didn't have a great answer for.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00322-00131574-00131920": "JAN: The question was they've been trying out some operators on their own clusters and", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00323-00131920-00132585": "some operators will be cluster wide when you install them and sometimes they'll be installed", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00324-00132585-00132962": "with a particular name space just a particular name space.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00325-00132962-00133571": "And he's asking why is that -- that is a super question.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00326-00133571-00134461": "It is a fact that that's the case.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00327-00134461-00134873": "I want to give you a good answer, and not an off-the-top-of-my-head answer.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00328-00134873-00135420": "If you don't mind, I can find you later and get your contact info or give you my card.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00329-00135420-00136037": "I know that we -- a lot of things -- let's say for example, that you wanted people to", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00330-00136037-00136390": "use, and I'm using an open shift example because this is something I've actually done in my", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00331-00136390-00136687": "work, it's a use case I've done.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00332-00136687-00137183": "If I want everyone that's using the cluster that I'm making available to have access to", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00333-00137183-00137535": "open shift pipelines, for example, we install that via an operator.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00334-00137535-00138077": "I want that available in every project, not just a particular project or set of projects.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00335-00138077-00138764": "That operator I would want to install or have the admin on my cluster install at cluster-wide", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00336-00138764-00138880": "scope.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00337-00138880-00139440": "There may be things particularly if you have a bunch of different teams, like development", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00338-00139440-00139949": "teams, other times doing stuff on a cluster and certain operators, certain things may", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00339-00139949-00140155": "not be relevant to everybody.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00340-00140155-00140830": "We have workshops that we install with operators it's certainly not something we would want", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00341-00140830-00141399": "available to every single name space or project or cluster there's some of that, but I feel", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00342-00141399-00141772": "like there's a better answer I can give you if I poke around and think harder.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00343-00141772-00141872": "Anyone else?", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00344-00141872-00141972": "All right.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00345-00141972-00142213": "I will be around this afternoon and also tomorrow.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00346-00142213-00142349": "And I'm planning to go to the event tonight.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00347-00142349-00142659": "So if you have any other questions or things you want to chat about, I'll be around.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00348-00142659-00142759": "Thank you so much.", "0J0FkjR5_dE-00349-00142759-00142784": "[ Applause ]"}}]