[{"audio_id": "3gjBYM2WW0U", "text": {"3gjBYM2WW0U-00000-00000700-00001000": "Luxury Lounge Event", "3gjBYM2WW0U-00001-00035451-00036550": "240 hours to get the Scepter Tank"}}, {"audio_id": "3h85MMuiRhU", "text": {"3h85MMuiRhU-00000-00000080-00000654": "15.1d Simplify Radicals with Binomials.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00001-00000654-00002690": "We can only pull factors which are separated by multiplication out of a radical.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00002-00002690-00004182": "If we have terms separated by adding or subtracting we must factor first.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00003-00004182-00005402": "A binomial is something with two terms, such as x plus y. Let's look at example one.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00004-00005402-00005890": "Here is example one, you can see this is a binomial with two terms,", "3h85MMuiRhU-00005-00005890-00006418": "because there's a subtraction sign in the middle.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00006-00006418-00007012": "We can only take out factors, or things that are being multiplied together.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00007-00007012-00008070": "This means we must factor this. Let's start by taking out whatever they both have in common.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00008-00008070-00008524": "I know can divide both of these by four.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00009-00008524-00009186": "Also know that both of them have at least an x squared in common.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00010-00009186-00010514": "This leaves twenty five minus 4 x squared. Remember this is still in the square root.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00011-00010514-00011010": "Next I could continue to factor what's inside the parenthesis.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00012-00011010-00012050": "This would give me 4 x squared, parenthesis five minus 2 x and five plus 2 x,", "3h85MMuiRhU-00013-00012050-00012534": "because this is the difference between squares.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00014-00012534-00013058": "Once again, this is still inside the radical.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00015-00013058-00013590": "Now we can factor out anything that is being multiplied by something else.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00016-00013590-00013940": "As you can see the four is being multiplied by the x squared,", "3h85MMuiRhU-00017-00013940-00014380": "which is multiplied by the quantity five minus 2 x;", "3h85MMuiRhU-00018-00014380-00014913": "which is then multiplied by the quantity five plus 2 x.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00019-00014913-00015522": "Let's start with the four, the squared root of four is two, so a two can come out.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00020-00015522-00016550": "Next the square root of x squared is x. Remember you take the exponent and divide it by the index.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00021-00016550-00017458": "This leaves us with five minus 2 x and five plus 2 x on the inside.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00022-00017458-00018134": "As you can see these two do not match and therefore, we only have one of each of them.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00023-00018134-00018682": "Since the index is two and we have to have at least two of something to pull it out,", "3h85MMuiRhU-00024-00018682-00018980": "these need to be multiplied back together.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00025-00018980-00019448": "This gives us twenty five minus 4 x squared.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00026-00019448-00020052": "This stays on the inside and 2 x, which stays on the outside.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00027-00020052-00020796": "We have now completely factored this and this is the answer.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00028-00020796-00021828": "Let's look at example two, here is example two. Once again, we have a binomial with two terms.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00029-00021828-00022438": "So need to begin by taking out whatever they both have in common.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00030-00022438-00023264": "They both have twenty seven in common, along with x to the sixth.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00031-00023264-00024278": "This leaves eight minus x to the third on the inside.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00032-00024278-00024660": "Remember we still have a cubed root.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00033-00024660-00025422": "Eight minus x to the third is the difference of cubes, which can be factored.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00034-00025422-00025692": "But since none of those factors match,", "3h85MMuiRhU-00035-00025692-00026538": "and none of them will therefore, have an exponent higher than one we will just leave them as is.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00036-00026538-00027277": "Let's find the prime factorization of twenty-seven.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00037-00027277-00028545": "Remember the prime factorization of twenty seven is three to the third.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00038-00028545-00028932": "Now can take each of the exponents and divide them by the index,", "3h85MMuiRhU-00039-00028932-00029274": "to see how many come out and how many stay in.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00040-00029274-00029820": "For three to the third one three comes out and there are none left inside.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00041-00029820-00030494": "For x to the sixth 2x's come out and none stay inside.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00042-00030494-00031150": "This leaves us with the cubed root of eight minus x cubed on the inside.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00043-00031150-00031514": "Remember we cannot take anything else out", "3h85MMuiRhU-00044-00031514-00032016": "even though it seems as if this x to the cubed could come out as an x.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00045-00032016-00032330": "But remember, it is connected by addition or subtraction,", "3h85MMuiRhU-00046-00032330-00032874": "and we can only take out factors that are connected with multiplication.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00047-00032874-00033194": "So this is the final answer.", "3h85MMuiRhU-00048-00033194-00033754": "Remember when you are simplifying radicals if they are binomials,", "3h85MMuiRhU-00049-00033754-00034184": "or anything with a add or subtract symbol,", "3h85MMuiRhU-00050-00034184-00034718": "this means we must first factor out anything they have in common,", "3h85MMuiRhU-00051-00034718-00035170": "and then determine what comes out of the radical."}}, {"audio_id": "3hKKXgtE1Xg", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "3i2T52s9iEu", "text": {"3i2T52s9iEu-00000-00000000-00000200": "Attract abundance by being optimistic"}}, {"audio_id": "3iga8aDiXC8", "text": {"3iga8aDiXC8-00000-00000010-00000140": ">> THIS IS THE QUARTER FINALS?", "3iga8aDiXC8-00001-00000140-00000146": ">> THIS IS THE QUARTER FINALS?", "3iga8aDiXC8-00002-00000146-00000340": ">> THIS IS THE QUARTER FINALS? >> THIS IS THE QUARTER FINALS,", "3iga8aDiXC8-00003-00000340-00000347": ">> THIS IS THE QUARTER FINALS? >> THIS IS THE QUARTER FINALS,", "3iga8aDiXC8-00004-00000347-00000370": ">> THIS IS THE QUARTER FINALS? >> THIS IS THE QUARTER FINALS,  YEP.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00005-00000370-00000377": ">> THIS IS THE QUARTER FINALS,  YEP.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00006-00000377-00000590": ">> THIS IS THE QUARTER FINALS,  YEP. >> THANKS AJ.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00007-00000590-00000597": "YEP. >> THANKS AJ.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00008-00000597-00000667": "YEP. >> THANKS AJ. >>> BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS IS", "3iga8aDiXC8-00009-00000667-00000673": ">> THANKS AJ. >>> BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS IS", "3iga8aDiXC8-00010-00000673-00000734": ">> THANKS AJ. >>> BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS IS  EXPLORING NATIVE AMERICAN", "3iga8aDiXC8-00011-00000734-00000740": ">>> BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS IS  EXPLORING NATIVE AMERICAN", "3iga8aDiXC8-00012-00000740-00000804": ">>> BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS IS  EXPLORING NATIVE AMERICAN  CULTURE BY HOSTING A SPECIAL", "3iga8aDiXC8-00013-00000804-00000810": "EXPLORING NATIVE AMERICAN  CULTURE BY HOSTING A SPECIAL", "3iga8aDiXC8-00014-00000810-00000877": "EXPLORING NATIVE AMERICAN  CULTURE BY HOSTING A SPECIAL  CONCERT THAT REACHED THE ENTIRE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00015-00000877-00000884": "CULTURE BY HOSTING A SPECIAL  CONCERT THAT REACHED THE ENTIRE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00016-00000884-00000937": "CULTURE BY HOSTING A SPECIAL  CONCERT THAT REACHED THE ENTIRE  DISTRICT.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00017-00000937-00000944": "CONCERT THAT REACHED THE ENTIRE  DISTRICT.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00018-00000944-00001037": "CONCERT THAT REACHED THE ENTIRE  DISTRICT. REPORTER SHIRELLE MOORE TAKES US", "3iga8aDiXC8-00019-00001037-00001044": "DISTRICT. REPORTER SHIRELLE MOORE TAKES US", "3iga8aDiXC8-00020-00001044-00001147": "DISTRICT. REPORTER SHIRELLE MOORE TAKES US BEHIND THE SCENES OF THE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00021-00001147-00001154": "REPORTER SHIRELLE MOORE TAKES US BEHIND THE SCENES OF THE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00022-00001154-00001221": "REPORTER SHIRELLE MOORE TAKES US BEHIND THE SCENES OF THE PERFORMANCE FOR THIS WEEK'S IN", "3iga8aDiXC8-00023-00001221-00001227": "BEHIND THE SCENES OF THE PERFORMANCE FOR THIS WEEK'S IN", "3iga8aDiXC8-00024-00001227-00001394": "BEHIND THE SCENES OF THE PERFORMANCE FOR THIS WEEK'S IN  FOCUS.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00025-00001394-00001401": "PERFORMANCE FOR THIS WEEK'S IN  FOCUS.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00026-00001401-00002058": "PERFORMANCE FOR THIS WEEK'S IN  FOCUS. ♪ ♪", "3iga8aDiXC8-00027-00002058-00002065": "FOCUS. ♪ ♪", "3iga8aDiXC8-00028-00002065-00002295": "FOCUS. ♪ ♪ >> CULTURE, MUSIC GO HAND IN", "3iga8aDiXC8-00029-00002295-00002302": "♪ ♪ >> CULTURE, MUSIC GO HAND IN", "3iga8aDiXC8-00030-00002302-00002325": "♪ ♪ >> CULTURE, MUSIC GO HAND IN  HAND.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00031-00002325-00002332": ">> CULTURE, MUSIC GO HAND IN  HAND.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00032-00002332-00002469": ">> CULTURE, MUSIC GO HAND IN  HAND. AND BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS WANTED", "3iga8aDiXC8-00033-00002469-00002475": "HAND. AND BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS WANTED", "3iga8aDiXC8-00034-00002475-00002599": "HAND. AND BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS WANTED  ALL THEIR STUDENTS TO EXPERIENCE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00035-00002599-00002605": "AND BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS WANTED  ALL THEIR STUDENTS TO EXPERIENCE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00036-00002605-00002625": "AND BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS WANTED  ALL THEIR STUDENTS TO EXPERIENCE IT.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00037-00002625-00002632": "ALL THEIR STUDENTS TO EXPERIENCE IT.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00038-00002632-00002796": "ALL THEIR STUDENTS TO EXPERIENCE IT. THAT'S WHY THEY DECIDED TO HOST", "3iga8aDiXC8-00039-00002796-00002802": "IT. THAT'S WHY THEY DECIDED TO HOST", "3iga8aDiXC8-00040-00002802-00002962": "IT. THAT'S WHY THEY DECIDED TO HOST  A SPECIAL CONCERT.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00041-00002962-00002969": "THAT'S WHY THEY DECIDED TO HOST  A SPECIAL CONCERT.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00042-00002969-00003189": "THAT'S WHY THEY DECIDED TO HOST  A SPECIAL CONCERT. >> WE'RE WORKING TO INTEGRATE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00043-00003189-00003196": "A SPECIAL CONCERT. >> WE'RE WORKING TO INTEGRATE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00044-00003196-00003353": "A SPECIAL CONCERT. >> WE'RE WORKING TO INTEGRATE  CULTURE INTO THE CLASSROOMS,", "3iga8aDiXC8-00045-00003353-00003360": ">> WE'RE WORKING TO INTEGRATE  CULTURE INTO THE CLASSROOMS,", "3iga8aDiXC8-00046-00003360-00003513": ">> WE'RE WORKING TO INTEGRATE  CULTURE INTO THE CLASSROOMS,  EVERY DAY LESSONS, SO WE HAVE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00047-00003513-00003520": "CULTURE INTO THE CLASSROOMS,  EVERY DAY LESSONS, SO WE HAVE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00048-00003520-00003793": "CULTURE INTO THE CLASSROOMS,  EVERY DAY LESSONS, SO WE HAVE  CULTURE AND CURRICULUM", "3iga8aDiXC8-00049-00003793-00003800": "EVERY DAY LESSONS, SO WE HAVE  CULTURE AND CURRICULUM", "3iga8aDiXC8-00050-00003800-00003977": "EVERY DAY LESSONS, SO WE HAVE  CULTURE AND CURRICULUM  SPECIALISTS THAT'S HELPING", "3iga8aDiXC8-00051-00003977-00003983": "CULTURE AND CURRICULUM  SPECIALISTS THAT'S HELPING", "3iga8aDiXC8-00052-00003983-00004174": "CULTURE AND CURRICULUM  SPECIALISTS THAT'S HELPING  TEACHERS INTEGRATE IT INTO THEIR", "3iga8aDiXC8-00053-00004174-00004180": "SPECIALISTS THAT'S HELPING  TEACHERS INTEGRATE IT INTO THEIR", "3iga8aDiXC8-00054-00004180-00004350": "SPECIALISTS THAT'S HELPING  TEACHERS INTEGRATE IT INTO THEIR CLASSROOMS AND TRYING TO PROVIDE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00055-00004350-00004357": "TEACHERS INTEGRATE IT INTO THEIR CLASSROOMS AND TRYING TO PROVIDE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00056-00004357-00004477": "TEACHERS INTEGRATE IT INTO THEIR CLASSROOMS AND TRYING TO PROVIDE OTHER OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENTS", "3iga8aDiXC8-00057-00004477-00004484": "CLASSROOMS AND TRYING TO PROVIDE OTHER OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENTS", "3iga8aDiXC8-00058-00004484-00004584": "CLASSROOMS AND TRYING TO PROVIDE OTHER OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENTS TO LEARN.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00059-00004584-00004591": "OTHER OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENTS TO LEARN.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00060-00004591-00004741": "OTHER OPPORTUNITIES FOR STUDENTS TO LEARN. >> MUSICIAN ANNIE HUMPHREY", "3iga8aDiXC8-00061-00004741-00004748": "TO LEARN. >> MUSICIAN ANNIE HUMPHREY", "3iga8aDiXC8-00062-00004748-00004928": "TO LEARN. >> MUSICIAN ANNIE HUMPHREY  PERFORMED FOR 4TH GRADERS,", "3iga8aDiXC8-00063-00004928-00004934": ">> MUSICIAN ANNIE HUMPHREY  PERFORMED FOR 4TH GRADERS,", "3iga8aDiXC8-00064-00004934-00005321": ">> MUSICIAN ANNIE HUMPHREY  PERFORMED FOR 4TH GRADERS,  PROGRAM STUDENTS, BEMIDJI MIDDLE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00065-00005321-00005328": "PERFORMED FOR 4TH GRADERS,  PROGRAM STUDENTS, BEMIDJI MIDDLE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00066-00005328-00005398": "PERFORMED FOR 4TH GRADERS,  PROGRAM STUDENTS, BEMIDJI MIDDLE STUDENTS AND HIGH SCHOOL", "3iga8aDiXC8-00067-00005398-00005405": "PROGRAM STUDENTS, BEMIDJI MIDDLE STUDENTS AND HIGH SCHOOL", "3iga8aDiXC8-00068-00005405-00005435": "PROGRAM STUDENTS, BEMIDJI MIDDLE STUDENTS AND HIGH SCHOOL  STUDENTS.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00069-00005435-00005442": "STUDENTS AND HIGH SCHOOL  STUDENTS.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00070-00005442-00005628": "STUDENTS AND HIGH SCHOOL  STUDENTS. ♪ ♪", "3iga8aDiXC8-00071-00005628-00005635": "STUDENTS. ♪ ♪", "3iga8aDiXC8-00072-00005635-00005849": "STUDENTS. ♪ ♪ >> IN TOTAL, HER MUSIC REACHED", "3iga8aDiXC8-00073-00005849-00005855": "♪ ♪ >> IN TOTAL, HER MUSIC REACHED", "3iga8aDiXC8-00074-00005855-00005949": "♪ ♪ >> IN TOTAL, HER MUSIC REACHED  AROUND 1200 KIDS IN THE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00075-00005949-00005955": ">> IN TOTAL, HER MUSIC REACHED  AROUND 1200 KIDS IN THE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00076-00005955-00005985": ">> IN TOTAL, HER MUSIC REACHED  AROUND 1200 KIDS IN THE  DISTRICT.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00077-00005985-00005992": "AROUND 1200 KIDS IN THE  DISTRICT.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00078-00005992-00006296": "AROUND 1200 KIDS IN THE  DISTRICT. >> I'M A SONGWRITER, AND I WOULD", "3iga8aDiXC8-00079-00006296-00006302": "DISTRICT. >> I'M A SONGWRITER, AND I WOULD", "3iga8aDiXC8-00080-00006302-00006586": "DISTRICT. >> I'M A SONGWRITER, AND I WOULD TALK TO THE KIDS ABOUT WHAT I", "3iga8aDiXC8-00081-00006586-00006593": ">> I'M A SONGWRITER, AND I WOULD TALK TO THE KIDS ABOUT WHAT I", "3iga8aDiXC8-00082-00006593-00006833": ">> I'M A SONGWRITER, AND I WOULD TALK TO THE KIDS ABOUT WHAT I  WRITE ABOUT, AND MY SONGS ARE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00083-00006833-00006840": "TALK TO THE KIDS ABOUT WHAT I  WRITE ABOUT, AND MY SONGS ARE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00084-00006840-00006956": "TALK TO THE KIDS ABOUT WHAT I  WRITE ABOUT, AND MY SONGS ARE  JUST MYSELF TRYING TO SORT OUT", "3iga8aDiXC8-00085-00006956-00006963": "WRITE ABOUT, AND MY SONGS ARE  JUST MYSELF TRYING TO SORT OUT", "3iga8aDiXC8-00086-00006963-00007130": "WRITE ABOUT, AND MY SONGS ARE  JUST MYSELF TRYING TO SORT OUT  MY OWN THOUGHTS.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00087-00007130-00007137": "JUST MYSELF TRYING TO SORT OUT  MY OWN THOUGHTS.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00088-00007137-00007267": "JUST MYSELF TRYING TO SORT OUT  MY OWN THOUGHTS. >> ANNIE WANTED TO MAKE SURE THE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00089-00007267-00007273": "MY OWN THOUGHTS. >> ANNIE WANTED TO MAKE SURE THE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00090-00007273-00007340": "MY OWN THOUGHTS. >> ANNIE WANTED TO MAKE SURE THE STUDENTS COULD CONNECT TO HER", "3iga8aDiXC8-00091-00007340-00007347": ">> ANNIE WANTED TO MAKE SURE THE STUDENTS COULD CONNECT TO HER", "3iga8aDiXC8-00092-00007347-00007684": ">> ANNIE WANTED TO MAKE SURE THE STUDENTS COULD CONNECT TO HER  MUSE CIG -- MUSIC.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00093-00007684-00007691": "STUDENTS COULD CONNECT TO HER  MUSE CIG -- MUSIC.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00094-00007691-00007797": "STUDENTS COULD CONNECT TO HER  MUSE CIG -- MUSIC. THAT'S WHY SHE CHOSE HER TOPIC", "3iga8aDiXC8-00095-00007797-00007804": "MUSE CIG -- MUSIC. THAT'S WHY SHE CHOSE HER TOPIC", "3iga8aDiXC8-00096-00007804-00007904": "MUSE CIG -- MUSIC. THAT'S WHY SHE CHOSE HER TOPIC  VERY CAREFULLY.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00097-00007904-00007911": "THAT'S WHY SHE CHOSE HER TOPIC  VERY CAREFULLY.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00098-00007911-00008034": "THAT'S WHY SHE CHOSE HER TOPIC  VERY CAREFULLY. FOR THE YOUNGER KIDS SHE KEPT", "3iga8aDiXC8-00099-00008034-00008041": "VERY CAREFULLY. FOR THE YOUNGER KIDS SHE KEPT", "3iga8aDiXC8-00100-00008041-00008208": "VERY CAREFULLY. FOR THE YOUNGER KIDS SHE KEPT  THINGS LIGHT, BUT FOR THE OLDER", "3iga8aDiXC8-00101-00008208-00008214": "FOR THE YOUNGER KIDS SHE KEPT  THINGS LIGHT, BUT FOR THE OLDER", "3iga8aDiXC8-00102-00008214-00008465": "FOR THE YOUNGER KIDS SHE KEPT  THINGS LIGHT, BUT FOR THE OLDER  KIDS SHE WASN'T AFRAID TO DELVE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00103-00008465-00008471": "THINGS LIGHT, BUT FOR THE OLDER  KIDS SHE WASN'T AFRAID TO DELVE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00104-00008471-00008555": "THINGS LIGHT, BUT FOR THE OLDER  KIDS SHE WASN'T AFRAID TO DELVE  INTO TOUGH TOPICS.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00105-00008555-00008561": "KIDS SHE WASN'T AFRAID TO DELVE  INTO TOUGH TOPICS.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00106-00008561-00008722": "KIDS SHE WASN'T AFRAID TO DELVE  INTO TOUGH TOPICS. >> THE LAST SESSION I DID WITH", "3iga8aDiXC8-00107-00008722-00008728": "INTO TOUGH TOPICS. >> THE LAST SESSION I DID WITH", "3iga8aDiXC8-00108-00008728-00008918": "INTO TOUGH TOPICS. >> THE LAST SESSION I DID WITH  JUNIORS AND SENIORS, I TALKED TO", "3iga8aDiXC8-00109-00008918-00008925": ">> THE LAST SESSION I DID WITH  JUNIORS AND SENIORS, I TALKED TO", "3iga8aDiXC8-00110-00008925-00009072": ">> THE LAST SESSION I DID WITH  JUNIORS AND SENIORS, I TALKED TO THEM ABOUT GOING TO REHAB AND", "3iga8aDiXC8-00111-00009072-00009079": "JUNIORS AND SENIORS, I TALKED TO THEM ABOUT GOING TO REHAB AND", "3iga8aDiXC8-00112-00009079-00009242": "JUNIORS AND SENIORS, I TALKED TO THEM ABOUT GOING TO REHAB AND  ABOUT A FAMILY TRYING TO GET", "3iga8aDiXC8-00113-00009242-00009249": "THEM ABOUT GOING TO REHAB AND  ABOUT A FAMILY TRYING TO GET", "3iga8aDiXC8-00114-00009249-00009466": "THEM ABOUT GOING TO REHAB AND  ABOUT A FAMILY TRYING TO GET  THINGS RIGHT AGAIN, AND I THINK", "3iga8aDiXC8-00115-00009466-00009472": "ABOUT A FAMILY TRYING TO GET  THINGS RIGHT AGAIN, AND I THINK", "3iga8aDiXC8-00116-00009472-00009716": "ABOUT A FAMILY TRYING TO GET  THINGS RIGHT AGAIN, AND I THINK  THAT WE SHOULDN'T, YOU KNOW, IF", "3iga8aDiXC8-00117-00009716-00009723": "THINGS RIGHT AGAIN, AND I THINK  THAT WE SHOULDN'T, YOU KNOW, IF", "3iga8aDiXC8-00118-00009723-00009873": "THINGS RIGHT AGAIN, AND I THINK  THAT WE SHOULDN'T, YOU KNOW, IF  THE KIDS ARE HAVING AN ISSUE IN", "3iga8aDiXC8-00119-00009873-00009879": "THAT WE SHOULDN'T, YOU KNOW, IF  THE KIDS ARE HAVING AN ISSUE IN", "3iga8aDiXC8-00120-00009879-00010033": "THAT WE SHOULDN'T, YOU KNOW, IF  THE KIDS ARE HAVING AN ISSUE IN  THE HOME, WHAT A RELIEF IS IT TO", "3iga8aDiXC8-00121-00010033-00010040": "THE KIDS ARE HAVING AN ISSUE IN  THE HOME, WHAT A RELIEF IS IT TO", "3iga8aDiXC8-00122-00010040-00010116": "THE KIDS ARE HAVING AN ISSUE IN  THE HOME, WHAT A RELIEF IS IT TO HAVE SOMEONE ELSE TALKING ABOUT", "3iga8aDiXC8-00123-00010116-00010123": "THE HOME, WHAT A RELIEF IS IT TO HAVE SOMEONE ELSE TALKING ABOUT", "3iga8aDiXC8-00124-00010123-00010143": "THE HOME, WHAT A RELIEF IS IT TO HAVE SOMEONE ELSE TALKING ABOUT  IT.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00125-00010143-00010150": "HAVE SOMEONE ELSE TALKING ABOUT  IT.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00126-00010150-00010513": "HAVE SOMEONE ELSE TALKING ABOUT  IT. >> THIS WAS THE FIRST TIME", "3iga8aDiXC8-00127-00010513-00010520": "IT. >> THIS WAS THE FIRST TIME", "3iga8aDiXC8-00128-00010520-00010710": "IT. >> THIS WAS THE FIRST TIME  BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS HOSTED AN", "3iga8aDiXC8-00129-00010710-00010717": ">> THIS WAS THE FIRST TIME  BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS HOSTED AN", "3iga8aDiXC8-00130-00010717-00010757": ">> THIS WAS THE FIRST TIME  BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS HOSTED AN  EVENT LIKE THIS.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00131-00010757-00010764": "BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS HOSTED AN  EVENT LIKE THIS.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00132-00010764-00010987": "BEMIDJI AREA SCHOOLS HOSTED AN  EVENT LIKE THIS. ♪ ♪", "3iga8aDiXC8-00133-00010987-00010994": "EVENT LIKE THIS. ♪ ♪", "3iga8aDiXC8-00134-00010994-00011184": "EVENT LIKE THIS. ♪ ♪ >> THEY HOPE TO BRING MORE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00135-00011184-00011191": "♪ ♪ >> THEY HOPE TO BRING MORE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00136-00011191-00011274": "♪ ♪ >> THEY HOPE TO BRING MORE  CULTURAL PROGRAMS TO STUDENTS", "3iga8aDiXC8-00137-00011274-00011281": ">> THEY HOPE TO BRING MORE  CULTURAL PROGRAMS TO STUDENTS", "3iga8aDiXC8-00138-00011281-00011644": ">> THEY HOPE TO BRING MORE  CULTURAL PROGRAMS TO STUDENTS  THAT SHARE A POSITIVE MESSAGE.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00139-00011644-00011651": "CULTURAL PROGRAMS TO STUDENTS  THAT SHARE A POSITIVE MESSAGE.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00140-00011651-00011851": "CULTURAL PROGRAMS TO STUDENTS  THAT SHARE A POSITIVE MESSAGE. >> I HOPE THEY TAKE AWAY THAT WE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00141-00011851-00011858": "THAT SHARE A POSITIVE MESSAGE. >> I HOPE THEY TAKE AWAY THAT WE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00142-00011858-00012128": "THAT SHARE A POSITIVE MESSAGE. >> I HOPE THEY TAKE AWAY THAT WE ARE ALL PEOPLE, YOU KNOW, AND WE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00143-00012128-00012135": ">> I HOPE THEY TAKE AWAY THAT WE ARE ALL PEOPLE, YOU KNOW, AND WE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00144-00012135-00012235": ">> I HOPE THEY TAKE AWAY THAT WE ARE ALL PEOPLE, YOU KNOW, AND WE SHOULD TREAT ONE ANOTHER", "3iga8aDiXC8-00145-00012235-00012242": "ARE ALL PEOPLE, YOU KNOW, AND WE SHOULD TREAT ONE ANOTHER", "3iga8aDiXC8-00146-00012242-00012342": "ARE ALL PEOPLE, YOU KNOW, AND WE SHOULD TREAT ONE ANOTHER  ACCORDINGLY AND NOT BE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00147-00012342-00012348": "SHOULD TREAT ONE ANOTHER  ACCORDINGLY AND NOT BE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00148-00012348-00012462": "SHOULD TREAT ONE ANOTHER  ACCORDINGLY AND NOT BE  JUDGMENTAL BY HOW WE LOOK AND", "3iga8aDiXC8-00149-00012462-00012469": "ACCORDINGLY AND NOT BE  JUDGMENTAL BY HOW WE LOOK AND", "3iga8aDiXC8-00150-00012469-00012692": "ACCORDINGLY AND NOT BE  JUDGMENTAL BY HOW WE LOOK AND  TRY TO UNDERSTAND, YOU KNOW, THE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00151-00012692-00012699": "JUDGMENTAL BY HOW WE LOOK AND  TRY TO UNDERSTAND, YOU KNOW, THE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00152-00012699-00013056": "JUDGMENTAL BY HOW WE LOOK AND  TRY TO UNDERSTAND, YOU KNOW, THE STRUGGLES OF OTHER PEOPLE AND", "3iga8aDiXC8-00153-00013056-00013063": "TRY TO UNDERSTAND, YOU KNOW, THE STRUGGLES OF OTHER PEOPLE AND", "3iga8aDiXC8-00154-00013063-00013336": "TRY TO UNDERSTAND, YOU KNOW, THE STRUGGLES OF OTHER PEOPLE AND  UNDERSTAND THAT ULTIMATELY WE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00155-00013336-00013343": "STRUGGLES OF OTHER PEOPLE AND  UNDERSTAND THAT ULTIMATELY WE", "3iga8aDiXC8-00156-00013343-00013446": "STRUGGLES OF OTHER PEOPLE AND  UNDERSTAND THAT ULTIMATELY WE  ARE ALL IN THIS WORLD TOGETHER.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00157-00013446-00013453": "UNDERSTAND THAT ULTIMATELY WE  ARE ALL IN THIS WORLD TOGETHER.", "3iga8aDiXC8-00158-00013453-00013503": "UNDERSTAND THAT ULTIMATELY WE  ARE ALL IN THIS WORLD TOGETHER. >> REPORTING IN BEMIDJI WITH"}}, {"audio_id": "3ikDG8c6Enu", "text": {"3ikDG8c6Enu-00000-00003800-00004200": "The Global Lives Project is a collaboration of more than 500 volunteer filmmakers,", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00001-00004200-00004700": "artists, designers, translators and everyday people from around the world.", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00002-00005200-00005800": "The Global Lives Project set out to document 24 hours in the daily life of ten people", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00003-00005800-00006100": "who roughly represent the diversity of humanity.", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00004-00006300-00006700": "From the most intimate to the most mundane moments, our crews patiently watched,", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00005-00006700-00007100": "turning themselves over to the pace and rhythms of lives not their own.", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00006-00007200-00007700": "Geography: Sixty-one percent of the world's population lives in Asia,", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00007-00007700-00008300": "so we selected six Asians and one person, each from the other four major world regions:", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00008-00008300-00008700": "North America, South America, Africa and Europe.", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00009-00008700-00009100": "We also learned that more than half of the world lives in cities,", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00010-00009100-00009400": "so we chose five urban and five rural people.", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00011-00009400-00009900": "Income: We conducted detailed economic research to select ten people", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00012-00009900-00010300": "whose earnings roughly represent global income distribution.", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00013-00010300-00010700": "Gender: Half men, half women.", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00014-00010700-00011200": "Religion: The actual religious distribution of the planet.", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00015-00011300-00011700": "Age: The actual age distribution of the planet", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00016-00011700-00012100": "—six of the ten people are under 30 years old.", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00017-00019500-00019900": "We've shown our work in museums, universities,", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00018-00019900-00020300": "classrooms and public spaces around the world.", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00019-00020500-00020900": "Anyone is welcome to watch or download our footage or", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00020-00020900-00021300": "contribute to our growing video library of human life experience", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00021-00021300-00021500": "at GlobalLives.org.", "3ikDG8c6Enu-00022-00021800-00022300": "Step out of your world and explore the boundaries of Global Lives with us."}}, {"audio_id": "3ip1rkb1A0Q", "text": {"3ip1rkb1A0Q-00000-00000000-00000200": "Microsoft office : Table text alinement, text director, sort, cell margin & Row repeat at top"}}, {"audio_id": "3iLgqOCle0E", "text": {"3iLgqOCle0E-00000-00000074-00000354": "Hi, I'm Andrew Adams and this video is about Halide,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00001-00000354-00000660": "a new language and compiler that makes it much easier to write", "3iLgqOCle0E-00002-00000660-00000994": "fast image processing pipelines across a range of platforms.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00003-00000994-00001398": "We're interested in the pipelines you find your camera,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00004-00001398-00001800": "and PC and mobile apps like Adobe Lightroom and Instagram.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00005-00001800-00002360": "The big idea of Halide is to separate the definition of the algorithms in the pipeline", "3iLgqOCle0E-00006-00002360-00002800": "from the concerns of optimization, things like SIMD vectorization", "3iLgqOCle0E-00007-00002800-00003067": "tiling or parallelization.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00008-00003067-00003600": "This makes the algorithms much simpler, more modular, and more portable.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00009-00003600-00003834": "The programmer is still responsible for choosing which", "3iLgqOCle0E-00010-00003834-00003986": "optimizations to apply,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00011-00003986-00004301": "but it's much easier to define and explore optimizations", "3iLgqOCle0E-00012-00004301-00004714": "than in a language like C or CUDA.  They're defined very tersely,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00013-00004714-00005028": "independently of the algorithm, and most importantly,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00014-00005028-00005373": "changing the optimizations is guaranteed not to change the result.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00015-00005373-00005750": "First let's look at why existing languages", "3iLgqOCle0E-00016-00005750-00006212": "are insufficient for fast image processing  If we want to do a simple", "3iLgqOCle0E-00017-00006212-00006667": "3 by 3 box filter, we might write C++ code that looks like this", "3iLgqOCle0E-00018-00006667-00007047": "We've decomposed the filter into a horizontal blur", "3iLgqOCle0E-00019-00007047-00007367": "which reads and then averages  three points from the input", "3iLgqOCle0E-00020-00007367-00007868": "and then a vertical blur which reads and averages three points from", "3iLgqOCle0E-00021-00007868-00008290": "our intermediate result, which we store in a temporary image. This code takes", "3iLgqOCle0E-00022-00008290-00008425": "about 10 milliseconds per megapixel", "3iLgqOCle0E-00023-00008425-00008770": "on the quad core x86 that  I benchmarked it on.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00024-00008770-00009265": "but an optimized implementation on this machine is more than 10 times faster", "3iLgqOCle0E-00025-00009265-00009677": "the code is hideously complex; all we're trying to do is average together three", "3iLgqOCle0E-00026-00009677-00009775": "by three pixels", "3iLgqOCle0E-00027-00009775-00010236": "but an 11x speed-up is too much to ignore", "3iLgqOCle0E-00028-00010236-00010721": "So why is this code fast we've transformed the pipeline to optimize both for", "3iLgqOCle0E-00029-00010721-00011122": "parallelism and locality. The parallelism", "3iLgqOCle0E-00030-00011122-00011502": "comes from distributing work across threads and that's what that", "3iLgqOCle0E-00031-00011502-00012054": "pragma omp parallel for at the top does and also from computing in 8 wide SIMD", "3iLgqOCle0E-00032-00012054-00012121": "chunks", "3iLgqOCle0E-00033-00012121-00012647": "on each core's SSE units. Exposing parallelism though is only half the story.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00034-00012647-00012961": "Just as important, and often much harder", "3iLgqOCle0E-00035-00012961-00013331": "to think about or express, is locality. For example,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00036-00013331-00013731": "making sure the pixels produced by one stage are still in cache when the next", "3iLgqOCle0E-00037-00013731-00014108": "stage reads them. Without locality optimization,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00038-00014108-00014597": "even a really well parallelized pipeline will probably be limited by the available", "3iLgqOCle0E-00039-00014597-00014703": "memory bandwidth", "3iLgqOCle0E-00040-00014703-00015022": "So here the optimized code improves locality", "3iLgqOCle0E-00041-00015022-00015400": "by computing each stage in tiles,  interleaving the computation of", "3iLgqOCle0E-00042-00015400-00015559": "tiles across stages", "3iLgqOCle0E-00043-00015559-00015966": "So we compute just a single tile of blur in x and then a single tile", "3iLgqOCle0E-00044-00015966-00016304": "of blur in y and then we go back to compute the next tile of blur in x", "3iLgqOCle0E-00045-00016304-00016636": "so this hopefully keeps all that", "3iLgqOCle0E-00046-00016636-00016980": "intermediate data in small buffers that never leave cache", "3iLgqOCle0E-00047-00016980-00017406": "but it complicates the code because it has interleaved the computation", "3iLgqOCle0E-00048-00017406-00017948": "of each stage. So the execution  of the pipeline looks like this", "3iLgqOCle0E-00049-00017948-00018326": "the input image is at the top, flowing down through the blurx", "3iLgqOCle0E-00050-00018326-00018870": "and blury stages below. The early  stages are evaluated over larger buffers", "3iLgqOCle0E-00051-00018870-00019184": "because we're computing filters that have a footprint so we need more input", "3iLgqOCle0E-00052-00019184-00019306": "that there are outputs", "3iLgqOCle0E-00053-00019306-00019630": "each point in blur y, the output stage", "3iLgqOCle0E-00054-00019630-00020165": "depends on three pixels in blur x, which in turn depend on nine pixels total in", "3iLgqOCle0E-00055-00020165-00020623": "the input. The unoptimized version that we looked at first", "3iLgqOCle0E-00056-00020623-00021031": "computes every pixel in the first stage, wriiting them out to memory,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00057-00021031-00021450": "before computing the next stage which has to slowly read them back in.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00058-00021450-00021770": "The optimized version interleaves  the stages instead.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00059-00021770-00022279": "To compute a chunk of blur y we first need corresponding chunk of blur x,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00060-00022279-00022679": "which loads a chunk of the input. The blur x stage", "3iLgqOCle0E-00061-00022679-00023062": "filters that input and then blur y immediately consumes it", "3iLgqOCle0E-00062-00023062-00023456": "to compute a chunk of the output. Next we throw away that", "3iLgqOCle0E-00063-00023456-00023881": "intermediate data, that chunk of blur x, load the next chunk of", "3iLgqOCle0E-00064-00023881-00024214": "the input, compute the next chunk of blur x,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00065-00024214-00024534": "followed immediately by that next chunk of blur y.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00066-00024534-00024870": "So we've moved the computation of each chunk of pixels", "3iLgqOCle0E-00067-00024870-00025190": "in a consumer stage closer", "3iLgqOCle0E-00068-00025190-00025400": "in time to the computation of its inputs.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00069-00025400-00025770": "This improves producer-consumer locality", "3iLgqOCle0E-00070-00025770-00026088": "by keeping all the intermediate data nearby in local caches,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00071-00026088-00026563": "but it's made optimization a global problem of carefully interleaving the", "3iLgqOCle0E-00072-00026563-00027094": "computation and storage down an entire imaging pipeline. You can't address locality", "3iLgqOCle0E-00073-00027094-00027374": "just by optimizing stages in isolation", "3iLgqOCle0E-00074-00027374-00027856": "or by just tweaking operations in your inner loops.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00075-00027856-00028213": "Also we're making a trade-off here. We're saying that for each chunk of blur y,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00076-00028213-00028580": "we should independently compute, consume, and then throw away", "3iLgqOCle0E-00077-00028580-00029075": "the required chunk of blur x. This means that neighboring chunks,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00078-00029075-00029424": "which depend on overlapping pixels from higher up in the pipeline", "3iLgqOCle0E-00079-00029424-00029827": "do redundant work where they overlap. Now for this pipeline,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00080-00029827-00030195": "it made sense to redundantly compute some values in exchange for the increase", "3iLgqOCle0E-00081-00030195-00030327": "in locality that we get", "3iLgqOCle0E-00082-00030327-00030769": "by never letting the intermediate values move out of cache into main memory.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00083-00030769-00031108": "But this is not always the right choice.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00084-00031108-00031583": "Let's try to get a full handle on the space of choices we could have made.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00085-00031583-00031985": "In general in an imaging pipeline, there are two questions you must answer", "3iLgqOCle0E-00086-00031985-00032556": "for each stage. The first is: in what order should that stage compute its values.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00087-00032556-00032770": "Let's look at some choices.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00088-00032770-00033146": "The most common way to traverse  a region is in scanline order.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00089-00033146-00033536": "This means we traverse region of a function sequentially across Y,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00090-00033536-00034000": "and within that, sequentially across X. This walks down scanlines just like the", "3iLgqOCle0E-00091-00034000-00034286": "loops you would typically write in C.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00092-00034286-00034741": "We can transpose the X and Y dimensions which gives a column-major traversal,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00093-00034741-00035250": "which walks down each column.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00094-00035250-00035656": "Or, we could go back to scanline order but traverse the X dimension", "3iLgqOCle0E-00095-00035656-00036091": "in vectors of width four.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00096-00036091-00036791": "We could distribute the scanlines across parallel threads.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00097-00036922-00037246": "Finally we can split the X&Y dimensions into tiles,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00098-00037246-00037661": "which opens up further recursive choices for the order of the outer", "3iLgqOCle0E-00099-00037661-00038024": "and inner component of each dimension. By traversing the outer components", "3iLgqOCle0E-00100-00038024-00038185": "outside the inner compartments,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00101-00038185-00038519": "we get a simple tiled traversal.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00102-00038519-00038825": "That's the first question. The second question is more subtle -", "3iLgqOCle0E-00103-00038825-00039356": "when should each stage computes its inputs? Let's look at some options.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00104-00039356-00039741": "Here we have a visualization of the blur pipeline. On the left is the input,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00105-00039741-00040166": "on the right is the output, and in the middle is the blur in x stage.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00106-00040166-00040485": "Green means we're reading, red means we're writing", "3iLgqOCle0E-00107-00040485-00040700": "and blue means we've allocated a temporary buffer.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00108-00040700-00040944": "So right now we're reading from the input,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00109-00040944-00041337": "and using it to write to the blur in x stage.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00110-00041337-00041400": "We read three values from the input:", "3iLgqOCle0E-00111-00041400-00041500": "one", "3iLgqOCle0E-00112-00041500-00041600": "two", "3iLgqOCle0E-00113-00041600-00041747": "three", "3iLgqOCle0E-00114-00041747-00042053": "to compute a single value of the blur in x stage.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00115-00042053-00042559": "We haven't even started writing to the output yet.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00116-00042559-00042800": "So the choice was made here is that we're going to compute", "3iLgqOCle0E-00117-00042800-00043065": "all of the blur in x stage", "3iLgqOCle0E-00118-00043065-00043372": "before computing any of the  blur in y stage.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00119-00043372-00043780": "If you phrase this as a decision made by blur in y, that decision is:", "3iLgqOCle0E-00120-00043780-00044125": "Compute all of my inputs ahead of time before I start computing", "3iLgqOCle0E-00121-00044125-00044430": "any of my values.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00122-00044430-00044941": "What's the pitfall with this approach? Why is this slow?", "3iLgqOCle0E-00123-00044941-00045559": "The answer is of course locality.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00124-00045559-00045866": "By the time the blur in y stage goes to read some", "3iLgqOCle0E-00125-00045866-00046241": "intermediate data, it's probably been evicted from cache.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00126-00046241-00046903": "So that load will be slow will be limited by the system memory bandwidth.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00127-00046903-00047221": "So let's look at a different option.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00128-00047221-00047716": "Here we compute three values of blur in x by reading 9 values from the input", "3iLgqOCle0E-00129-00047716-00048134": "and we immediately use that compute one value of the output.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00130-00048134-00048436": "So here we get maximum locality -  we're using data", "3iLgqOCle0E-00131-00048436-00049097": "as soon as it's available without giving it any time to be evicted from cache.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00132-00049097-00049472": "What's the pitfall here?", "3iLgqOCle0E-00133-00049472-00049774": "Well, if you look carefully at what the blur in x stage is doing,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00134-00049774-00050128": "You'll realize that we're doing a lot of wasted work.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00135-00050128-00050790": "Each point in blur in x is redundantly recomputed three times.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00136-00050791-00051222": "Okay, maybe we can figure out how to get around that.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00137-00051222-00051622": "Here's another choice. At first it's going to look similar but notice that we've allocated", "3iLgqOCle0E-00138-00051622-00051795": "enough memory to keep around", "3iLgqOCle0E-00139-00051795-00052249": "all of the intermediate stage, and we're not throwing away values as we go.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00140-00052249-00052567": "That means when we get the second scan line", "3iLgqOCle0E-00141-00052567-00052988": "we can start reusing values that we that we computed earlier.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00142-00052988-00053433": "So great! We have locality and we're not doing any redundant work.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00143-00053433-00053776": "What's the pitfall here?", "3iLgqOCle0E-00144-00053776-00054264": "We've introduced a serial dependence in scanlines of the output.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00145-00054264-00054654": "We're relying on the fact that we have computed scanline n-1", "3iLgqOCle0E-00146-00054654-00054970": "before we can stop computing scanline n.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00147-00054970-00055333": "This means that we can't paralellize across scanlines with this strategy.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00148-00055333-00055677": "With the previous two strategies we could.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00149-00055677-00056264": "So this approach has Poor parallelism.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00150-00056264-00056574": "These three strategies the extreme cases", "3iLgqOCle0E-00151-00056574-00057014": "of a rich space of choices you can make. One way to lay out this space is by", "3iLgqOCle0E-00152-00057014-00057337": "considering the granularity of storage and compute.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00153-00057337-00057700": "I.e. how large are the buffers you allocate for intermediate data,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00154-00057700-00057974": "and do you fill them in one pixel at a time,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00155-00057974-00058326": "one scanline at the time, or in larger chunks still.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00156-00058326-00058701": "If you allocate the full amount necessary for an intermediate buffer,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00157-00058701-00059050": "and fill it up in one big blob ahead of time,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00158-00059050-00059392": "then that's coarse-grain computation and coarse-grain storage,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00159-00059392-00059851": "and you locality suffers. If you independently store and compute just", "3iLgqOCle0E-00160-00059851-00060066": "what you need for each output pixel,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00161-00060066-00060441": "then you're doing fine-grained computation using fine-grain storage,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00162-00060441-00060801": "and you might end up doing wasted work.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00163-00060801-00061161": "If you allocate a large buffer, but fill it in as late as possible,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00164-00061161-00061548": "while reusing old values then you're doing fine-grained computation into", "3iLgqOCle0E-00165-00061548-00061770": "coarse-grain storage.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00166-00061770-00062470": "Now taking advantage of this reuse, as we saw, made it harder to paralellize.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00167-00062479-00062700": "So those were the extreme ends of the choice space,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00168-00062700-00063004": "but all the fast schedules are somewhere in the middle,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00169-00063004-00063260": "and traverse the output image in more complex ways.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00170-00063260-00063716": "This one has split the output into four tiles  and for each tile first it", "3iLgqOCle0E-00171-00063716-00064141": "computes everything you need of the intermediate buffer using vectors of width four,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00172-00064141-00064499": "and there are two threads. One does the top two tiles,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00173-00064499-00064999": "and the other one does the bottom two tiles.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00174-00064999-00065200": "This one computes the output in scanlines,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00175-00065200-00065524": "vectorized and paralellized within each scanline.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00176-00065524-00065916": "it stores everything computed so far of the intermediate buffer so that it can reuse", "3iLgqOCle0E-00177-00065916-00066224": "the previous few scanlines.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00178-00066224-00066450": "This one starts out pretty similar to the last one.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00179-00066450-00066693": "It still vectorizes within each scan line,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00180-00066693-00067045": "and walks down scanlines reusing old values.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00181-00067045-00067480": "However instead of using threads to fill in individuals scanlines more quickly,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00182-00067480-00067800": "here we slice the output in two, and one thread works on the top half,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00183-00067800-00068020": "one thread works on the bottom half.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00184-00068020-00068425": "This ends up doing a little bit of redundant work here, at the boundary", "3iLgqOCle0E-00185-00068425-00068754": "but the two threads aren't hammering same area of memory.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00186-00068754-00069207": "This is the fastest schedule we've found for blur.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00187-00069207-00069470": "So some of those schedules are pretty complex,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00188-00069470-00069793": "and blur is just this trivial two-stage pipeline.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00189-00069793-00070090": "A more realistic pipeline looks like this thing on the right.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00190-00070090-00070304": "This is local laplacian filters.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00191-00070304-00070792": "It computes a set of Gaussian and Laplacian pyramids and blends them together.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00192-00070792-00071000": "For each link between two stages,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00193-00071000-00071227": "the dependencies are pretty simple and constrained", "3iLgqOCle0E-00194-00071227-00071699": "just like in our 3x3 blur. But when you combine all these local decisions", "3iLgqOCle0E-00195-00071699-00072113": "the performance consequences are  far-reaching and complex.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00196-00072113-00072501": "So in this pipeline there are lots of choices about the degree of fusion", "3iLgqOCle0E-00197-00072501-00072750": "at each of dozens of stages, and each strategy", "3iLgqOCle0E-00198-00072750-00072942": "can mean a total different set of", "3iLgqOCle0E-00199-00072942-00073332": "dozens of kernels or loop nests, completely restructuring our code,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00200-00073332-00073802": "and the difference between two plausible sounding strategies can be significant.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00201-00073802-00074150": "So locality is hard -  not just because it globally interleaves", "3iLgqOCle0E-00202-00074150-00074283": "the computation of the whole pipeline,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00203-00074283-00074649": "but also because it requires trade-offs.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00204-00074649-00075064": "Like introducing redundant computation in exchange for saving memory bandwidth.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00205-00075064-00075464": "or sacrificing parallelism to  get better reuse.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00206-00075464-00075919": "This can be a pretty hard to reason about. Usually I just have to try things and", "3iLgqOCle0E-00207-00075919-00076137": "see what works.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00208-00076137-00076635": "Only in hindsight maybe I can justify why it was a good idea.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00209-00076635-00077001": "So it's a hard problem, but the thing that makes it really difficult in practice", "3iLgqOCle0E-00210-00077001-00077364": "is that existing languages make it hard to express or explore these", "3iLgqOCle0E-00211-00077364-00077673": "optimizations for parallelism and locality.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00212-00077673-00077985": "traditional languages like C make both parallelism", "3iLgqOCle0E-00213-00077985-00078399": "and locality hard to express and also hard for the compiler to infer,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00214-00078399-00078883": "because when you write C you tend to over-specify these things.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00215-00078883-00079286": "Newer languages like CUDA or OpenCL make the data parallelism easier,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00216-00079286-00079725": "but they still leave fusion for locality as a manual process that requires", "3iLgqOCle0E-00217-00079725-00080107": "rewriting all your code for any given fusion strategy.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00218-00080107-00080637": "Libraries of optimized routines - things like Intel performance primitives or OpenCV -", "3iLgqOCle0E-00219-00080637-00081088": "aren't enough either, because individually optimized kernels still compose", "3iLgqOCle0E-00220-00081088-00081248": "into inefficient pipelines", "3iLgqOCle0E-00221-00081248-00081798": "they can't interleave stages for locality across those function boundaries.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00222-00081798-00082160": "So we believe the right answer is to decouple the definition of the algorithm", "3iLgqOCle0E-00223-00082160-00082475": "from the concerns of locality and parallelism, which we call", "3iLgqOCle0E-00224-00082475-00082843": "the schedule. In Halide, the algorithm defines", "3iLgqOCle0E-00225-00082843-00083157": "what values are computed for each  pipeline stage,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00226-00083157-00083543": "while the schedule defines where and when they're computed.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00227-00083543-00083863": "This makes it easier for the programmer to write algorithms with lots of the", "3iLgqOCle0E-00228-00083863-00084083": "unnecessary detail stripped away,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00229-00084083-00084457": "and to compose them into pipelines. It also makes it easy", "3iLgqOCle0E-00230-00084457-00084811": "for programmer to specify and explore optimizations because", "3iLgqOCle0E-00231-00084811-00085200": "unlike in C changing the schedule is guaranteed not to change", "3iLgqOCle0E-00232-00085200-00085418": "the meaning of the algorithm.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00233-00085418-00085740": "Once you've defined an algorithm and schedule, it's actually pretty easy for a", "3iLgqOCle0E-00234-00085740-00085876": "fairly dumb compiler", "3iLgqOCle0E-00235-00085876-00086332": "to do the mechanical work of generating fast code.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00236-00086332-00086695": "So once we strip out the concerns of optimization, the algorithm is defined as", "3iLgqOCle0E-00237-00086695-00086938": "a series of functions from pixel coordinates", "3iLgqOCle0E-00238-00086938-00087304": "to the expressions that give the values at those coordinates.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00239-00087304-00087682": "These functions have no side effects, can be evaluated over any point in", "3iLgqOCle0E-00240-00087682-00087811": "infinite domain", "3iLgqOCle0E-00241-00087811-00088260": "and the required region at each stage will be inferred by the compiler.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00242-00088260-00088704": "The execution order and storage of points in each function are left unspecified.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00243-00088704-00089086": "Points can be evaluated or reevaluated any order.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00244-00089086-00089394": "The results can be cached, duplicated, thrown away", "3iLgqOCle0E-00245-00089394-00089694": "or recomputed without changing the meaning.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00246-00089694-00090044": "For the three by three blur, the resulting code looks like this:", "3iLgqOCle0E-00247-00090044-00090426": "the first stage, blurx, is defined at  any point X, Y", "3iLgqOCle0E-00248-00090426-00090807": "as the average of three points in the input. Then blury", "3iLgqOCle0E-00249-00090807-00091301": "at any point X, Y is the average is three points in blurx.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00250-00091301-00091660": "So given an algorithm in this form the schedule is then responsible", "3iLgqOCle0E-00251-00091660-00091770": "for two things:", "3iLgqOCle0E-00252-00091770-00092152": "answering the two questions we saw earlier.  First it has to specify for", "3iLgqOCle0E-00253-00092152-00092500": "every stage in the pipeline in what order to compute the pixels", "3iLgqOCle0E-00254-00092500-00092676": "produced by that stage", "3iLgqOCle0E-00255-00092676-00093101": "and second, for every producer-consumer relationship in the pipeline,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00256-00093101-00093669": "it has to specify how the computation of the two is interleaved.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00257-00093669-00094039": "The nice thing about Halide is that can specify these two things", "3iLgqOCle0E-00258-00094039-00094519": "in a few lines of code without touching the code that defines your algorithm.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00259-00094519-00094844": "I won't go into the syntax now but his the Halide code", "3iLgqOCle0E-00260-00094844-00095150": "that gives the traversal orders we've seen so far.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00261-00095150-00095481": "Each of these has its own trade-off between locality,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00262-00095481-00095858": "parallelism, and redundant recompute.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00263-00095858-00096170": "So you might think that Halide is fast because we generate", "3iLgqOCle0E-00264-00096170-00096483": "good parallel vector code.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00265-00096483-00096838": "That's true, that's necessary,  but it's not sufficient.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00266-00096838-00097222": "The real reason we're fast is because we make it easy for a programmer to explore", "3iLgqOCle0E-00267-00097222-00097430": "this choice space.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00268-00097430-00097755": "if you sit down, think really hard about the problem,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00269-00097755-00098100": "and write code once (even if you're an expert)", "3iLgqOCle0E-00270-00098100-00098379": "you're probably not going to produce fast code.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00271-00098379-00098747": "You need to try things. You need to iterate,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00272-00098747-00099170": "and Halide makes it faster to iterate.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00273-00099170-00099450": "For blur, the entire pipeline looks like this.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00274-00099450-00099660": "This is the same algorithm from before", "3iLgqOCle0E-00275-00099660-00100020": "annotated with a schedule equivalent the optimized C++ from the", "3iLgqOCle0E-00276-00100020-00100199": "beginning of the talk.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00277-00100199-00100558": "first it schedules blur_y to be evaluated in tiles", "3iLgqOCle0E-00278-00100558-00101033": "of 256 by 32, and for each of these tiles to be computed in 8-wide", "3iLgqOCle0E-00279-00101033-00101523": "vectors across the X dimension, and across parallel threads in the Y dimension.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00280-00101523-00101882": "Then it schedules the intermediate, blurx,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00281-00101882-00102256": "to be evaluated in chunks as needed for each tile of the output", "3iLgqOCle0E-00282-00102256-00102656": "and also vectorizes it across X.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00283-00102656-00102959": "This generates nearly identical machine code, in fact", "3iLgqOCle0E-00284-00102959-00103361": "to the C++ but with just two lines each of algorithm and schedule.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00285-00103361-00103775": "And unlike the C, the Halide version makes easy to add new stages,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00286-00103775-00104086": "change the computation, or change the schedule.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00287-00104086-00104532": "It can also compiled to fast ARM NEON code, and with few tweaks to the schedule we", "3iLgqOCle0E-00288-00104532-00104861": "can get a GPU implementation.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00289-00104861-00105300": "Okay now let's get into some technical details about how Halide is built.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00290-00105300-00105667": "Halide's not a stand-alone language.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00291-00105667-00106064": "It's embedded in C++ which means we use and abuse", "3iLgqOCle0E-00292-00106064-00106350": "C++ operator overloading to build Halide", "3iLgqOCle0E-00293-00106350-00106550": "expressions and functions.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00294-00106550-00106882": "When you want to evaluate one of these functions in an image,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00295-00106882-00107340": "we just-in-time compile to build and run a Halide pipeline.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00296-00107340-00107600": "if you want to avoid the overhead of  just-in-time compiling,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00297-00107600-00107870": "or if you don't want to link our full compiler into your binary,", "3iLgqOCle0E-00298-00107870-00108233": "you can also statically compile a Halide pipeline to produce", "3iLgqOCle0E-00299-00108233-00108688": "a quite small C object file and header, and the C object file", "3iLgqOCle0E-00300-00108688-00109054": "includes its own runtime so you have no other runtime dependencies.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00301-00109054-00109250": "This is what we do for production code", "3iLgqOCle0E-00302-00109250-00109746": "especially code that's going to run on mobile devices.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00303-00109746-00110269": "Internally, Halide leans very heavily on the LLVM compiler infrastructure.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00304-00110269-00110571": "we take the Halide function definitions and the schedule", "3iLgqOCle0E-00305-00110571-00111036": "and combine these to produce a single blob of scheduled imperative code", "3iLgqOCle0E-00306-00111036-00111545": "in Halide's internal representation.  After some basic optimization passes", "3iLgqOCle0E-00307-00111545-00111933": "this is then converted to LLVM's internal representation", "3iLgqOCle0E-00308-00111933-00112358": "and then LVM compiles it to vectorized x86 or ARM code", "3iLgqOCle0E-00309-00112358-00112745": "or to the graphs of CUDA kernels and the CPU code that is required to launch", "3iLgqOCle0E-00310-00112745-00112979": "and manage them", "3iLgqOCle0E-00311-00112979-00113290": "recently we've been adding some more targets. We can generate", "3iLgqOCle0E-00312-00113290-00113629": "GLSL shaders we can generate", "3iLgqOCle0E-00313-00113629-00114057": "native client x86 and ARM if you want to embed some Halide computation in your", "3iLgqOCle0E-00314-00114057-00114153": "browser", "3iLgqOCle0E-00315-00114153-00114714": "and can also generate OpenCL shaders that either use the bitcode representation spir", "3iLgqOCle0E-00316-00114714-00115184": "or the C-like source code representation", "3iLgqOCle0E-00317-00115184-00115661": "let's look at some example applications we've implemented in Halide", "3iLgqOCle0E-00318-00115661-00116164": "the first one was a rewrite of the software post processing pipeline from", "3iLgqOCle0E-00319-00116164-00116350": "the Frankencamera project", "3iLgqOCle0E-00320-00116350-00116747": "which does the basic steps necessary to turn raw sensor data", "3iLgqOCle0E-00321-00116747-00117002": "into a usable image so it denoises, it", "3iLgqOCle0E-00322-00117002-00117244": "demosaics, it color-corrects, and it", "3iLgqOCle0E-00323-00117244-00117397": "applies a tone curve", "3iLgqOCle0E-00324-00117397-00117798": "now I wrote the original current here, it was pretty painful to write", "3iLgqOCle0E-00325-00117798-00118130": "because it needed to be very fast on an omap3", "3iLgqOCle0E-00326-00118130-00118473": "which is an arm processor that it was in the Frankencamera", "3iLgqOCle0E-00327-00118473-00118824": "it was 500 lines of C with vector intrinsics", "3iLgqOCle0E-00328-00118824-00119201": "and then large blocks of hand-tuned assembly where we couldn't get the", "3iLgqOCle0E-00329-00119201-00119453": "compiler to do the right thing with the vector intrinsics", "3iLgqOCle0E-00330-00119453-00119834": "and each time I wanted to try some new strategy for optimizing it like", "3iLgqOCle0E-00331-00119834-00120174": "fusing two stages I had to move around large blocks of code", "3iLgqOCle0E-00332-00120174-00120495": "and then fix all the bugs I just introduced", "3iLgqOCle0E-00333-00120495-00120796": "and then more often than not the result was slower", "3iLgqOCle0E-00334-00120796-00121269": "and I had to revert. So we rewrote this mess in Halide", "3iLgqOCle0E-00335-00121269-00121679": "and the resulting code was significantly shorter and ran slightly faster than", "3iLgqOCle0E-00336-00121679-00122023": "hand-tuned assembly because we were able to find a better schedule", "3iLgqOCle0E-00337-00122023-00122428": "really quickly so he we found we could meet the performance of carefully", "3iLgqOCle0E-00338-00122428-00122483": "hand-written code", "3iLgqOCle0E-00339-00122483-00122917": "even assembly but because we make it much easier to explore alternative", "3iLgqOCle0E-00340-00122917-00122992": "strategies", "3iLgqOCle0E-00341-00122992-00123403": "We'll often find something faster.", "3iLgqOCle0E-00342-00123403-00123729": "For our next application we moved slightly further down photographic", "3iLgqOCle0E-00343-00123729-00123853": "post-processing pipeline", "3iLgqOCle0E-00344-00123853-00124197": "and look at local Laplacian filters which I mentioned earlier", "3iLgqOCle0E-00345-00124197-00124522": "Adobe uses it in Lightroom for what they call clarity", "3iLgqOCle0E-00346-00124522-00124933": "it increases local contrast by processing an image in multiple ways", "3iLgqOCle0E-00347-00124933-00125350": "and then fusing the results together using a Laplacian pyramid", "3iLgqOCle0E-00348-00125350-00125429": "We compared our implementation", "3iLgqOCle0E-00349-00125429-00125902": "to code from the original authors. They used Intel performance primitives to accelerate", "3iLgqOCle0E-00350-00125902-00126000": "operations like", "3iLgqOCle0E-00351-00126000-00126422": "building the pyramids and openMP for parallelizing other parts", "3iLgqOCle0E-00352-00126422-00126877": "it amounted to 262 lines of optimized C++", "3iLgqOCle0E-00353-00126877-00127321": "We wrote and tested our Halide version which took sixty two lines of code to describe", "3iLgqOCle0E-00354-00127321-00127478": "the same algorithm", "3iLgqOCle0E-00355-00127478-00127855": "then without touching the code that defines the algorithm we spent an afternoon trying", "3iLgqOCle0E-00356-00127855-00128110": "out a range of different schedules that inlined", "3iLgqOCle0E-00357-00128110-00128458": "parallelized and vectorized different stages in different ways", "3iLgqOCle0E-00358-00128458-00128766": "in the end we found a seven line schedule that", "3iLgqOCle0E-00359-00128766-00129169": "ran more than twice as fast as the original on the same processor", "3iLgqOCle0E-00360-00129169-00129516": "so before I mention that GPU number just as an aside", "3iLgqOCle0E-00361-00129516-00129827": "how could we beat Intel performance primitives?", "3iLgqOCle0E-00362-00129827-00130255": "the win here came largely from inlining certain stages", "3iLgqOCle0E-00363-00130255-00130655": "and accepting some redundant computation as a result", "3iLgqOCle0E-00364-00130655-00131094": "Intel performance primitives is a library of routines optimized in isolation", "3iLgqOCle0E-00365-00131094-00131469": "they can't do this sort of fusion down pipelines", "3iLgqOCle0E-00366-00131469-00131827": "so another nice aspect of Halide is that it makes", "3iLgqOCle0E-00367-00131827-00132159": "porting to the GPU much easier. By changing just a few lines in the", "3iLgqOCle0E-00368-00132159-00132251": "schedule", "3iLgqOCle0E-00369-00132251-00132744": "we instead generate mixed CPU GPU code that run seven times faster than the", "3iLgqOCle0E-00370-00132744-00133015": "original CPU version", "3iLgqOCle0E-00371-00133015-00133365": "In fact my collaborator on this project Jonathan Ragan-Kelley spent some time", "3iLgqOCle0E-00372-00133365-00133428": "at Adobe", "3iLgqOCle0E-00373-00133428-00133814": "and he took a day to rewrite their version of local laplacian filters", "3iLgqOCle0E-00374-00133814-00133865": "in Halide", "3iLgqOCle0E-00375-00133865-00134257": "and integrate into lightroom. It was more than twice as fast as their version", "3iLgqOCle0E-00376-00134257-00134446": "which they spent several months optimizing", "3iLgqOCle0E-00377-00134446-00134746": "and now they can run on the GPU as well", "3iLgqOCle0E-00378-00134746-00135086": "another popular algorithm in photographic post processing pipelines", "3iLgqOCle0E-00379-00135086-00135434": "is the bilateral filter, which can be used for tone mapping", "3iLgqOCle0E-00380-00135434-00135734": "enhancing local contrast and smoothing", "3iLgqOCle0E-00381-00135734-00136120": "the bilateral grid is a data structure that helped us compute a bilateral filter", "3iLgqOCle0E-00382-00136120-00136279": "very quickly", "3iLgqOCle0E-00383-00136279-00136653": "one interesting thing about it for our purposes is that the first stage can't be", "3iLgqOCle0E-00384-00136653-00136797": "expressed as a gather", "3iLgqOCle0E-00385-00136797-00137103": "It additively scatters data from the input image", "3iLgqOCle0E-00386-00137103-00137501": "into computed locations in the grid In fact it computes a histogram", "3iLgqOCle0E-00387-00137501-00137904": "per tile of the input. This can be modeled as a type of reduction", "3iLgqOCle0E-00388-00137904-00138328": "which Halide supports. We took the bilateral grid algorithm", "3iLgqOCle0E-00389-00138328-00138753": "and implemented in Halide, comparing it to a carefully written but clean", "3iLgqOCle0E-00390-00138753-00138877": "C++ version", "3iLgqOCle0E-00391-00138877-00139190": "done by the original authors", "3iLgqOCle0E-00392-00139190-00139555": "Our version uses one-third of the code and run six times faster", "3iLgqOCle0E-00393-00139555-00139880": "with a different schedule we can run on a GPU instead", "3iLgqOCle0E-00394-00139880-00140309": "we looked at Chen's hand-written CUDA version and started with a schedule that matched", "3iLgqOCle0E-00395-00140309-00140476": "his strategy", "3iLgqOCle0E-00396-00140476-00140849": "this was initially slightly  slower than his code", "3iLgqOCle0E-00397-00140849-00141258": "because he makes clever use of texture sampling units", "3iLgqOCle0E-00398-00141258-00141567": "we tried a few alternative schedules and we found a slight non-intuitive", "3iLgqOCle0E-00399-00141567-00142223": "one a slightly less parallel one in fact that was twice as fast as his code", "3iLgqOCle0E-00400-00142223-00142523": "Halide isn't doing anything here you couldn't do yourself manually", "3iLgqOCle0E-00401-00142523-00142900": "but with Halide it's easier and faster to try out", "3iLgqOCle0E-00402-00142900-00143436": "unintuitive optimization strategies that sometimes pay off", "3iLgqOCle0E-00403-00143436-00143752": "for our last application we decided to try a vision algorithm", "3iLgqOCle0E-00404-00143752-00144152": "so we implemented a level set segmentation algorithm", "3iLgqOCle0E-00405-00144152-00144496": "that iteratively refines the boundaries of selected regions", "3iLgqOCle0E-00406-00144496-00144841": "Our reference implementation here is written in MATLAB", "3iLgqOCle0E-00407-00144841-00145142": "which is very terse so the Halide version is somewhat longer", "3iLgqOCle0E-00408-00145142-00145801": "however the Halide version is about seventy times faster on the same CPU", "3iLgqOCle0E-00409-00145801-00146190": "Now it's easy to make MATLAB slow, for example you can", "3iLgqOCle0E-00410-00146190-00146546": "manually loop over pixels but this code doesn't do that this code does", "3iLgqOCle0E-00411-00146546-00146641": "everything right", "3iLgqOCle0E-00412-00146641-00146942": "it's all expressed as a single line whole image operations", "3iLgqOCle0E-00413-00146942-00147286": "there should be no interpreter overhead", "3iLgqOCle0E-00414-00147286-00147732": "I think what's going on is that MATLAB is taking the library approach", "3iLgqOCle0E-00415-00147732-00148134": "under the hood maybe these whole image operations very highly optimized", "3iLgqOCle0E-00416-00148134-00148522": "but when you stitch them together  the pipeline become hopelessly limited", "3iLgqOCle0E-00417-00148522-00148751": "by memory bandwidth", "3iLgqOCle0E-00418-00148751-00149059": "now our Halide version also expresses the algorithm", "3iLgqOCle0E-00419-00149059-00149398": "as the same sequence of simple whole image operations", "3iLgqOCle0E-00420-00149398-00149765": "but our schedule fuses all these together into a single parallel", "3iLgqOCle0E-00421-00149765-00150255": "loop over pixels. If we want to beat up on matlab a little more just for fun", "3iLgqOCle0E-00422-00150255-00150578": "we can change a single line of code to run on the GPU instead", "3iLgqOCle0E-00423-00150578-00151159": "and now we're thousand times faster on the same machine", "3iLgqOCle0E-00424-00151159-00151499": "if you would like to try Halide you can. It's open-source under a", "3iLgqOCle0E-00425-00151499-00151885": "permissive license and up it's up at halide-lang.org", "3iLgqOCle0E-00426-00151885-00152203": "we really hope that makes it much easier for people to write high-performance", "3iLgqOCle0E-00427-00152203-00152365": "imaging code", "3iLgqOCle0E-00428-00152365-00152715": "Of course there are some limitations and sharp edges. Halide only does", "3iLgqOCle0E-00429-00152715-00153036": "feed-forward pipelines that operate on image data", "3iLgqOCle0E-00430-00153036-00153430": "so we can't express other data structures like lists or trees", "3iLgqOCle0E-00431-00153430-00153751": "and while it would be nice to have the compiler figure out a good schedule", "3iLgqOCle0E-00432-00153751-00154077": "for you, currently you must always specify a schedule", "3iLgqOCle0E-00433-00154077-00154465": "and some schedules will produce very slow code. With those limitations in", "3iLgqOCle0E-00434-00154465-00154679": "mind would be very happy for people to", "3iLgqOCle0E-00435-00154679-00154942": "try out the compiler and help us improve it"}}, {"audio_id": "3j3glAsCC8u", "text": {"3j3glAsCC8u-00000-00000300-00000400": "On auto pilot.", "3j3glAsCC8u-00001-00000450-00000700": "There's my auto pilot, there.", "3j3glAsCC8u-00002-00000900-00001000": "It's tied off.", "3j3glAsCC8u-00003-00001100-00001200": "Eh, just tie the tiller off.", "3j3glAsCC8u-00004-00001210-00001400": "Steers really straight, see?", "3j3glAsCC8u-00005-00001600-00001800": "I don't need an auto pilot.", "3j3glAsCC8u-00006-00001900-00002200": "There's the, ah, anchor light.", "3j3glAsCC8u-00007-00002250-00002600": "Sailing pretty good.", "3j3glAsCC8u-00008-00002800-00003200": "Awesome.", "3j3glAsCC8u-00009-00003250-00003700": "Should be there in about an hour and tied up.", "3j3glAsCC8u-00010-00003750-00004000": "Then we could have some dinner.", "3j3glAsCC8u-00011-00004010-00004300": "All that work paid off.", "3j3glAsCC8u-00012-00005000-00005500": "Dinner cooking there. There's, uh, vegetables,", "3j3glAsCC8u-00013-00005510-00005700": "chicken. Oh, that's gonna be good. All right!"}}, {"audio_id": "3jmRhbuiYpy", "text": {"3jmRhbuiYpy-00000-00000208-00000488": "Hey there. Today, I want to talk to you a little bit", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00001-00000488-00000863": "about due dates. They're a really big deal in college,", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00002-00000863-00001392": "aren't they? Um, a lot of professors will tell you if", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00003-00001392-00001655": "you ask them, you know, why does everything have to be due at a", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00004-00001655-00002208": "particular time on a particular date? A lot of times what we hear is that it", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00005-00002208-00002703": "prepares you for life after college.", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00006-00002703-00003040": "It teaches you that you need to be held accountable", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00007-00003040-00003471": "to do certain things at a certain time and yada, yada.", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00008-00003471-00004232": "So I see things a little bit differently. I see the need for due dates", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00009-00004232-00004703": "as kind of like a bullseye. And let me explain to you what I mean by", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00010-00004703-00005087": "that. Each week in this class, you have a set", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00011-00005087-00005400": "of assignments that are designed to help you achieve", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00012-00005400-00005816": "particular learning goals. And by achieving those goals they", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00013-00005816-00006319": "advance you one step forward. And", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00014-00006319-00006840": "to do that you have to complete those assignments.", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00015-00006840-00007200": "The assignments move your learning forward.", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00016-00007200-00007840": "Ok? So, each week your goal is to hit the bullseye or to turn", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00017-00007840-00008536": "in each assignment by the due date and this is why. Because online classes", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00018-00008536-00008879": "get very overwhelming when you have assignments", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00019-00008879-00009343": "that are late. When you miss the bullseye – and it's", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00020-00009343-00009696": "gonna happen – it's gonna happen and it's not the end", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00021-00009696-00010096": "of the world. I know you're human and i know that you", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00022-00010096-00010704": "have a lot on your plate. So when you miss the bullseye, it doesn't", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00023-00010704-00011096": "mean that you should feel badly about yourself. And it doesn't mean", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00024-00011096-00011447": "that you can't keep moving forward. You can", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00025-00011447-00011775": "pick up that dart and throw it again, okay?", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00026-00011775-00012136": "So, that's the way this course is designed. It's that you do have more", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00027-00012136-00012520": "chances if you miss the bullseye.", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00028-00012520-00012952": "You can still turn in the assignment but I'm here to tell you that", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00029-00012952-00013536": "the more, the more you miss the bullseye, the harder this class is going to be to", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00030-00013536-00013919": "keep moving forward. Because online classes get very", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00031-00013919-00014272": "overwhelming when you have late assignments.", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00032-00014272-00014616": "So, when you do have a late assignment, again,", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00033-00014616-00015031": "don't take it out on yourself. Just know that you are human", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00034-00015031-00015672": "and you're doing your best. And also know that i'm going to reach out to you and", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00035-00015672-00016000": "I'm going to nudge you and I'm going to remind you that that", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00036-00016000-00016328": "assignment is late. And I'm going to tell you what you need", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00037-00016328-00016736": "to do to get back on track. And I'm not doing that because I don't", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00038-00016736-00017216": "like you. I'm not doing that to be annoying. I'm", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00039-00017216-00017648": "doing that because I want you to succeed in this course. I'm", "3jmRhbuiYpy-00040-00017648-00018384": "doing that because I know you can do it. And because I care."}}, {"audio_id": "3jFpTjmRGPk", "text": {"3jFpTjmRGPk-00000-00000091-00000556": "Hello, everyone. This is shoryochannel. I’m Shota. I’m Ryo", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00001-00000556-00000979": "Today, this is what it takes to be a YouTuber", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00002-00000979-00001542": "Ryo tries editing for the first time", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00003-00001542-00001888": "We have one video ready to be uploaded", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00004-00001888-00002504": "However, we decided not to", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00005-00002504-00003311": "We recorded it yesterday, and finished editing it", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00006-00003311-00004029": "We did a singing competition", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00007-00004029-00004846": "However, we are so bad at singing that we thought we couldn’t show it to you", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00008-00004846-00005082": "We thought we cannot expose it", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00009-00005082-00005908": "But we think it’s ok to show other than singing scene", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00010-00005908-00006528": "So today, I would like Ryo to edit the part for the first time", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00011-00006528-00006847": "Do you think you can do it?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00012-00006847-00007047": "No", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00013-00007047-00007631": "I know I should’ve done it, but I’ve always had you do it", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00014-00007631-00007969": "Well, Shota is in charge of editing in the first place", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00015-00007969-00008238": "I know you might have technical difficulties", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00016-00008238-00008622": "I’ll help you through it", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00017-00008622-00008809": "Can I do whatever I want?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00018-00008813-00009457": "Sure. Let’s give it a try", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00019-00009844-00010751": "OK. What I wanna do first is to insert the same music", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00020-00012308-00012498": "What song is that?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00021-00012500-00012986": "You really don’t know?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00022-00012986-00013112": "why are you taking a video?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00023-00013114-00013232": "Hey", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00024-00013232-00014156": "I wanna do something here. It’s difficult. I wanna do something but I don’t know what", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00025-00014156-00014356": "Let’s just move on for now", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00026-00014599-00014700": "Why are you takin a video?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00027-00014700-00014955": "Why don’t we do a “karaoke competition”?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00028-00014955-00015155": "Are we going to karaoke?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00029-00015155-00015254": "Nope", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00030-00015255-00015404": "Where are we gonna do it?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00031-00015404-00015604": "At home", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00032-00015604-00015691": "Here", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00033-00015808-00015934": "In a bathroom", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00034-00015934-00016550": "And ask viewers which of us is better in the comment", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00035-00016550-00016737": "Seriously?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00036-00016737-00017116": "I wanna insert “Seriously?”", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00037-00017116-00017250": "We sing in a bathroom", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00038-00017250-00017862": "And ask viewers which of us is better in the comment", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00039-00017862-00018062": "Seriously?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00040-00018266-00018548": "I’m not confident either", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00041-00018580-00018780": "But I wanna try", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00042-00018817-00019141": "What happens to the loser?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00043-00019141-00019905": "Pay for the next video where we spend 10,000 yen", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00044-00019905-00020191": "Whaaat?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00045-00020200-00020450": "Butt in me", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00046-00020450-00020650": "I don’t know what to do", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00047-00020650-00020950": "If you think what I said is strange, just butt in what I said", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00048-00020950-00021277": "I didn’t know how difficult the editing is", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00049-00021430-00021731": "Seriously?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00050-00021870-00022070": "I’m not confident either", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00051-00022161-00022361": "But I wanna try", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00052-00022402-00022602": "What happens to the loser?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00053-00022712-00023476": "Pay for the next video where we spend 10,000 yen", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00054-00023489-00023776": "Whaaat?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00055-00023776-00023930": "That should be an expense", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00056-00023930-00024205": "It’s gonna be on the loser", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00057-00024205-00024310": "Let’s do it", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00058-00024310-00024880": "The loser will pay 10,000 yen for the video", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00059-00025032-00025753": "We decide on the penalty, so I wanna explain it more", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00060-00026043-00026653": "I wanna show the rules of the penalty", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00061-00026667-00026920": "Do you have specific words in mind to add", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00062-00026939-00027348": "Well,,,", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00063-00027352-00027432": "No", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00064-00027432-00027632": "（I can’t come up with any）", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00065-00027632-00027900": "Whaaat?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00066-00027909-00028041": "That should be an expense", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00067-00028041-00028356": "It’s gonna be on the loser", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00068-00028356-00028556": "Let’s do it", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00069-00028568-00029166": "The loser will pay 10,000 yen for the video", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00070-00029303-00029841": "I think you get thinner", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00071-00029842-00030160": "You don’t have to show off", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00072-00030163-00030429": "I wanna take a close-up of your stomach", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00073-00030445-00030975": "I think you get thinner", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00074-00030975-00031152": "You don’t have to show off", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00075-00031152-00031295": "I know you are pulling in your belly", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00076-00031295-00031661": "I’m not, this is what it looks", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00077-00031661-00031861": "When you lose 5 kg,", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00078-00031879-00032533": "I wanna insert “You’re lying” as what I’m thinking", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00079-00032533-00032689": "I know you are pulling in your belly", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00080-00032689-00033047": "I’m not, this is what it looks", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00081-00033050-00033387": "When you lose 5 kg, you look different", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00082-00033387-00033587": "That’s true", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00083-00033785-00033900": "What about me?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00084-00033900-00034041": "What about me?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00085-00034041-00034229": "What do you mean by normal?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00086-00034231-00034708": "Let’s insert “What do you mean by normal?”", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00087-00034723-00034923": "What about me?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00088-00034966-00035166": "What do you mean by normal?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00089-00035663-00036042": "I hate you doing that", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00090-00036050-00036250": "(Hit something)", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00091-00036313-00036819": "It was an accident, so I wanna insert a sound effect there", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00092-00036819-00037019": "Like the sound of glass shattering", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00093-00037608-00037966": "I hate you doing that", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00094-00037976-00038176": "(Glass shattering)", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00095-00038321-00038880": "Haven’t your parent told you? To tuck in the shirt so that your stomach won’t get upset", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00096-00038880-00039300": "Maybe when I was little, but not anymore", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00097-00039300-00039648": "I’ve lived to this day believing it", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00098-00039780-00039980": "I noticed it now", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00099-00039988-00040094": "I can see your underwear.", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00100-00040094-00040578": "Really? You’re right", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00101-00040589-00041454": "Should we sing one song or 2 songs?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00102-00041454-00041537": "OK", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00103-00041558-00042412": "Just butt in me. You had lots of opportunities", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00104-00042412-00043117": "Do I have to deal with everything you say?", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00105-00043117-00043934": "If I butt in you too much, it looks messy", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00106-00043934-00044700": "But you need to edit something so that the viewers won’t get bored", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00107-00044700-00045126": "Difficult. I need a good sense", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00108-00045126-00045815": "In the first place, this video is not funny", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00109-00045966-00046166": "(It was not funny at all)", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00110-00046398-00046685": "It’s difficult to edit a video", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00111-00046697-00047292": "I’ll try to take a video in a way you edit it easily", "3jFpTjmRGPk-00112-00047476-00048085": "That’s my Shota. You don’t need such a concern"}}, {"audio_id": "3jaZUBv5Tiy", "text": {"3jaZUBv5Tiy-00000-00000009-00001170": "G Major 16+X Is A Pirate", "3jaZUBv5Tiy-00001-00001170-00003497": "Sounds Like G Major 16 And Luig Group And G Major 18"}}, {"audio_id": "3kocb7Z2M5u", "text": {"3kocb7Z2M5u-00000-00000033-00000234": "- Okay, for everybody's knowledge,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00001-00000234-00000405": "thank you for joining us", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00002-00000405-00000810": "for the NESDIS User Engagement Community Speaker Series.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00003-00000960-00001399": "This is a way we can try to connect across NESDIS", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00004-00001596-00001812": "and introduce you to some of our end users,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00005-00001812-00002217": "the people, the stakeholders, that are using NOAA data", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00006-00002217-00002344": "and how is it used", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00007-00002580-00003080": "and how we can continue this communication loop", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00008-00003090-00003324": "of connecting with our users", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00009-00003324-00003663": "and asking what are the gaps, what are the needs,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00010-00003663-00003915": "and trying to improve our products and services.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00011-00004044-00004419": "So today we have Randy Bass", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00012-00004419-00004659": "from the Federal Aviation Administration.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00013-00004767-00005094": "Hold on, let me flip to the next screen.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00014-00005199-00005375": "Let's see, Vanessa, are you...", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00015-00005547-00005630": "- [Vanessa] Absolutely,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00016-00005630-00005805": "and if there's any trouble hearing me,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00017-00005805-00005943": "please go ahead and take over.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00018-00005943-00006039": "I apologize.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00019-00006039-00006282": "Things are out of my hands at the moment.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00020-00006282-00006387": "- Sure. - But Randy,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00021-00006387-00006492": "thank you very much.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00022-00006492-00006992": "Randy Bass, he is one of our NOAA Pathfinders,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00023-00007083-00007401": "NOAA Pathfinders having started just recently at NOAA,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00024-00007401-00007626": "supporting our NOAA missions.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00025-00007626-00007884": "And really being able to connect society", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00026-00007884-00008181": "to the use of products is what one of the goals", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00027-00008181-00008469": "of the Pathfinder is intended to reach.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00028-00008469-00008754": "Randy Bass comes to us from the FAA.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00029-00008754-00009051": "He has over 30 years of weather experience.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00030-00009051-00009303": "He spans military, private, and commercial industry,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00031-00009303-00009573": "so his feedback has been absolutely fantastic", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00032-00009573-00009807": "in our Pathfinder initiative.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00033-00009807-00010128": "Randy's been with FAA since 2012,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00034-00010128-00010389": "and he manages the Weather Research Branch", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00035-00010389-00010704": "within FAA's Aviation Weather Division.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00036-00010704-00010899": "Randy's worked very closely with GEO-XO.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00037-00010899-00011253": "We've developed some value chains for aviation safety.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00038-00011253-00011466": "He'll not only talk about those here", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00039-00011466-00011610": "but will be able to talk about those", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00040-00011610-00011970": "at next week's AMS out in Madison.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00041-00011970-00012333": "Randy does lead the Aviation Weather Research Program", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00042-00012333-00012588": "and the Technology in the Cockpit Program.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00043-00012588-00012723": "So he oversees budget.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00044-00012723-00012938": "He determines programs of record,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00045-00012938-00013224": "and he's executing transition of successful ventures", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00046-00013224-00013463": "from research to operations.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00047-00013463-00013743": "We are very happy to have Randy here with us,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00048-00013743-00013941": "a former veteran from the Air Force.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00049-00013941-00014066": "Randy, thank you so much", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00050-00014066-00014294": "for taking the time to give us a talk,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00051-00014294-00014490": "and I'm gonna hand it over to you.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00052-00014672-00014863": "- All right, well, thank you, Vanessa.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00053-00014949-00015108": "Yeah, it's good to be here.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00054-00015108-00015243": "Thank you for the invite.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00055-00015393-00015893": "So I'm gonna basically go over mostly kind of what we do", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00056-00016019-00016297": "in weather research on the FAA side", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00057-00016392-00016662": "and how we are incorporating satellite data", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00058-00016662-00017121": "into both our research and into operations.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00059-00017286-00017466": "And then I'll talk a little bit at the end", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00060-00017466-00017736": "about what our future needs are", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00061-00017736-00018236": "and where we think the GEO-XO can really help us with that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00062-00018432-00018669": "Yeah, a little bit more about me.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00063-00018669-00019125": "I've been a meteorologist since 1989, basically,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00064-00019125-00019272": "when I joined the Air Force.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00065-00019407-00019752": "Retired from the Air Force in 2008", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00066-00019752-00020061": "and actually went to work for a defense contractor", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00067-00020061-00020223": "for about 3 1/2 years.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00068-00020445-00020680": "I won't say which one, but I will say that", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00069-00020898-00021360": "they are part of the contract for the GEO-XO part.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00070-00021477-00021723": "So I'll just leave it at that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00071-00021834-00021938": "If you're ready...", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00072-00022266-00022443": "It looks like it's loading up.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00073-00022443-00022526": "Great.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00074-00022719-00022884": "So again, happy to be here.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00075-00022884-00023073": "And go ahead to the next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00076-00023244-00023496": "And I will be presenting something similar to this", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00077-00023496-00023996": "on Monday during the panel session", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00078-00024150-00024585": "to lead up to questions and things that folks may have.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00079-00024585-00024732": "So first of all, I'm gonna give you a little bit", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00080-00024732-00025053": "of background on the Aviation Weather Division.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00081-00025053-00025392": "Basically, we manage the weather research portfolio", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00082-00025392-00025629": "towards new concepts and capabilities.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00083-00025629-00025842": "And what we're doing is trying to reduce the impact", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00084-00025842-00026088": "of weather on the National Airspace System.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00085-00026247-00026477": "We both try to mitigate those impacts", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00086-00026477-00026742": "and try to forecast them better.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00087-00026742-00027238": "We are also the US MET Authority on aviation weather", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00088-00027333-00027711": "throughout the international arena.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00089-00027711-00028116": "So while the Weather Service does most weather", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00090-00028116-00028506": "for the nation and represents us throughout the world,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00091-00028602-00028788": "we are the US MET authority", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00092-00028788-00028958": "when it comes to aviation weather.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00093-00029160-00029337": "And again, we assure the development", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00094-00029337-00029598": "and integration of weather information", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00095-00029598-00029880": "into our air traffic management decisions", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00096-00029880-00030186": "by pilots, controllers, flight operators,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00097-00030186-00030363": "even airport operators.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00098-00030363-00030543": "And we're trying to do that not only", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00099-00030543-00030732": "with better-quality weather information,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00100-00030732-00030972": "but better access to that information", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00101-00030972-00031335": "and better ways to use that information.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00102-00031335-00031755": "It doesn't do us any good if we provide a perfect forecast,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00103-00031755-00032001": "but the end user doesn't know how to use it.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00104-00032102-00032402": "So we're even in the education business", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00105-00032402-00032697": "and trying to get them", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00106-00032697-00033111": "to understand how weather fits into their operations", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00107-00033111-00033264": "and their decision-making.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00108-00033264-00033347": "So, next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00109-00033687-00033924": "Underneath the Aviation Weather Division", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00110-00033924-00034236": "and underneath my Weather Research Branch", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00111-00034236-00034518": "is the Aviation Weather Research Program.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00112-00034518-00034851": "And that's mostly what I'm gonna talk about here today.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00113-00035040-00035238": "We conduct research to assure the development", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00114-00035238-00035511": "and integration of weather information into those decisions", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00115-00035511-00035769": "to support aviation weather initiatives.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00116-00035769-00036126": "Again, it's mostly applied research.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00117-00036126-00036534": "Probably 98% of our research is applied research.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00118-00036621-00036876": "We work very closely with the National Weather Service.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00119-00036876-00037376": "In fact, basically every successful capability", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00120-00037506-00038006": "that we're able to research and produce goes into operations", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00121-00038040-00038301": "or is transferred to the National Weather Service", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00122-00038301-00038472": "to go into operations there.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00123-00038559-00038688": "So we work very closely", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00124-00038688-00039057": "with, obviously, Aviation Weather Center, but also NCEP", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00125-00039305-00039612": "and EMC and the NCO and those folks.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00126-00039612-00039966": "And then we're trying to, again, help mitigate safety", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00127-00039966-00040146": "and efficiency issues associated", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00128-00040146-00040404": "with well-documented weather programs.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00129-00040404-00040500": "So, next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00130-00040797-00041297": "I always like this depiction because it really shows,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00131-00041370-00041814": "at least from a satellite perspective,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00132-00041814-00042118": "what, you know, impacts", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00133-00042291-00042420": "a typical flight", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00134-00042420-00042606": "from free, ugh, excuse me,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00135-00042606-00042882": "from pre-flight to takeoff and departure,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00136-00042882-00043239": "en route to arrival and landing and even post-flight.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00137-00043239-00043629": "You can see things like nowcasting, convective initiation,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00138-00043776-00044223": "cloud classification, lightning, cloud and moisture imagery,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00139-00044223-00044574": "ceilings and visibility, turbulence, volcanic ash,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00140-00044574-00044865": "icing, winds.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00141-00044865-00045141": "All that comes into play when you're flying,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00142-00045324-00045546": "at least in some capacity.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00143-00045546-00045918": "Obviously, volcanic ash isn't always an issue,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00144-00045918-00046056": "but it is frequently an issue,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00145-00046056-00046556": "especially for trans-Pacific flights and those over Alaska.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00146-00046695-00046977": "So we are always looking at ways", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00147-00046977-00047412": "to exploit different types of satellite data.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00148-00047499-00047589": "So, next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00149-00047946-00048312": "I've got a couple of slides here on how we use convection.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00150-00048429-00048741": "Yes, and I see the question about radiation exposure.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00151-00049008-00049227": "I have a couple of slides at the end that talk,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00152-00049227-00049542": "or near the end that talk exactly that, so,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00153-00049689-00050013": "yeah, you're already ahead of me.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00154-00050013-00050286": "But I will be talking about those kind of things.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00155-00050370-00050517": "Starting with convection,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00156-00050616-00050778": "we've developed a capability", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00157-00050778-00051102": "called the offshore precipitation capability, OPC,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00158-00051102-00051234": "which is not to be confused", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00159-00051234-00051402": "with the Ocean Prediction Center.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00160-00051612-00052099": "And this came about almost 10 years ago now where the", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00161-00052466-00052851": "flight center down in Miami submitted", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00162-00052851-00053010": "what they call a safety report", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00163-00053010-00053510": "basically saying we control all the Caribbean air traffic,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00164-00053616-00053934": "but yet we don't have any good radar coverage down there.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00165-00054021-00054324": "All we've got are rudimentary satellite products,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00166-00054324-00054648": "and we don't even understand how to read those.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00167-00054648-00055059": "So working with our laboratory partners,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00168-00055059-00055377": "in this case it was MIT Lincoln Lab,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00169-00055377-00055877": "we came up with a prototype that takes lightning data,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00170-00055953-00056277": "any existing weather radar, satellite imagery,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00171-00056666-00056979": "and the numerical weather model data", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00172-00056979-00057479": "and puts that through a convolution neural network", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00173-00057704-00058089": "and comes up with a radar-like depiction", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00174-00058089-00058557": "of precipitation outside of the normal radar area.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00175-00058557-00058712": "So you can see here on the left", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00176-00058829-00059030": "what you would normally see on radar", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00177-00059030-00059334": "overlaid on a satellite image.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00178-00059334-00059561": "And then if you click that one more time...", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00179-00060159-00060261": "Oops, go back one.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00180-00060261-00060450": "Yeah, okay, there it is.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00181-00060450-00060950": "And you can see that the capability actually fills in", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00182-00060984-00061362": "that area with what looks like radar data.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00183-00061362-00061539": "And so this has been a big hit", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00184-00061539-00061776": "with the air traffic controllers", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00185-00061776-00062088": "that manage those oceanic routes.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00186-00062088-00062466": "And we are currently working to get that actually", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00187-00062551-00062994": "on the glass for the controllers.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00188-00062994-00063420": "Right now it's just on a monitor in their room.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00189-00063420-00063615": "So they kind of have to look up and then look down", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00190-00063615-00063774": "and superimpose it in their minds.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00191-00063774-00064274": "But the plan is to get that on the scopes by 2026 or so.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00192-00064341-00064431": "So, next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00193-00064590-00065090": "This is our current domain area,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00194-00065175-00065397": "and you can see it basically extends", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00195-00065397-00065889": "from the middle of the Atlantic just west of Hawaii.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00196-00066063-00066309": "And you can see this is just a snapshot", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00197-00066309-00066762": "from about a year ago of how that image looks.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00198-00066762-00066845": "Next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00199-00067146-00067386": "Another one we're doing is called ROMIO,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00200-00067386-00067791": "Remote Oceanic Meteorological Information Operational,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00201-00067791-00068199": "not the greatest title, but the acronym is great.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00202-00068316-00068622": "It was an operational demonstration we did back,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00203-00068622-00068772": "starting around 2018,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00204-00068772-00068988": "we just completed it,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00205-00068988-00069132": "to evaluate the feasibility", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00206-00069132-00069357": "of really uplinking weather information", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00207-00069357-00069750": "to the aircraft over oceanic and remote regions.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00208-00070047-00070219": "Some people may not realize, but", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00209-00070473-00070674": "aircraft, even commercial aircraft,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00210-00070674-00070878": "are really bandwidth-restricted.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00211-00071091-00071184": "And yes, Dan,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00212-00071541-00071748": "the radar reflectivities that are shown", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00213-00071748-00072093": "on OPC are in the six bands,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00214-00072093-00072417": "basically six different bands of colorization.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00215-00072744-00073185": "So levels one and two is basically green,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00216-00073185-00073455": "which is mostly rain.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00217-00073455-00073578": "Levels three, four, five,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00218-00073578-00073881": "and six all depict various increase", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00219-00073881-00074163": "in intensities of convection.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00220-00074472-00074691": "(chuckles) No problem.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00221-00074691-00075144": "So for ROMIO, like I said, a lot of aircraft,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00222-00075144-00075465": "even commercial aircraft, are kind of bandwidth-restricted.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00223-00075465-00075936": "So to send up a radar picture or a satellite picture,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00224-00075936-00076140": "it is basically a no-go.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00225-00076140-00076640": "But we've been able to take polygons of areas of convection", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00226-00076809-00077055": "and send that up.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00227-00077055-00077322": "And that allows the air crews", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00228-00077322-00077775": "to see potential areas of convection well ahead", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00229-00077775-00078246": "of where their onboard weather radar can see,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00230-00078246-00078576": "which is usually only about 60 miles out ahead of them.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00231-00078576-00078849": "So now they can get areas,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00232-00078849-00078975": "and this is near real time.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00233-00078975-00079287": "It updates every 10 to 15 minutes,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00234-00079287-00079494": "actually think it's 10 minutes now,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00235-00079494-00079815": "based on the output from the satellites.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00236-00080031-00080235": "We processes that, send it up to 'em.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00237-00080235-00080376": "Now they can determine,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00238-00080376-00080682": "\"We've got convection 400 miles ahead.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00239-00081027-00081249": "We can decide whether we're gonna fly through it,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00240-00081249-00081501": "fly around it, and if we are gonna fly around it,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00241-00081501-00081969": "now we've got a good idea to go right 10 degrees around it", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00242-00081969-00082161": "as opposed to going left 10 degrees", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00243-00082161-00082314": "and running into more convection", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00244-00082314-00082722": "and then doing even more diversions.\"", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00245-00082722-00083058": "So this has worked out very well.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00246-00083058-00083193": "It's similar to OPC", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00247-00083193-00083484": "in that it merges weather satellite data, lightning data,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00248-00083484-00083856": "and forecast model data to determine that activity.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00249-00083856-00084138": "The big difference on this is, one, it's worldwide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00250-00084309-00084525": "Although I guess that should be somewhat restrictive.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00251-00084525-00084936": "It's actually within the areas of GOES East,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00252-00084936-00085095": "GOES West, and Himawari.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00253-00085194-00085584": "It does incorporate the GLM data from GOES", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00254-00085584-00085821": "and lightning detection data", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00255-00085821-00086214": "from some of the ground network vendors.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00256-00086304-00086804": "We have just last month actually met,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00257-00086808-00086925": "actually it wasn't last month.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00258-00086925-00087093": "It was back in May.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00259-00087093-00087384": "Actually met with some of the commercial weather providers", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00260-00087384-00087667": "and the airlines to transfer this", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00261-00087831-00088056": "into commercial operations.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00262-00088179-00088262": "Next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00263-00088479-00088773": "And this just gives you kind of a depiction", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00264-00088773-00089271": "of what the cloud-top heights on the left and the CDO,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00265-00089271-00089530": "which is Cloud", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00266-00089700-00089868": "Determinist Oceanic, something.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00267-00089868-00090102": "I can't remember what the actual acronym is,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00268-00090102-00090375": "but CDO is the aerial,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00269-00090375-00090872": "the geographical area of the convection.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00270-00090872-00091239": "And CTH is obviously the cloud tops.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00271-00091239-00091322": "Next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00272-00091680-00092013": "We are actively working to incorporate satellite imagery", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00273-00092013-00092217": "into our Current Icing Product,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00274-00092217-00092554": "which is the analysis of icing available", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00275-00092649-00092952": "through the Aviation Weather Center website.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00276-00093063-00093420": "In the past, we have just relied on temperature", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00277-00093420-00093654": "and dewpoint or humidity", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00278-00093654-00094104": "to forecast icing conditions,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00279-00094104-00094404": "but as you know, it's empirical,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00280-00094404-00094621": "but it usually", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00281-00094935-00095277": "well over-forecasts icing conditions.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00282-00095277-00095673": "Now we're looking at things like incorporating radar data", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00283-00095673-00096171": "as well as satellite data into that analysis product", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00284-00096171-00096615": "to really to refine the areas", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00285-00096615-00097115": "and use super-cooled large drops as the delineation", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00286-00097188-00097408": "as opposed to just temperature and dewpoint.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00287-00097527-00097610": "Next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00288-00097893-00098286": "Similar for turbulence, satellite data is used independently", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00289-00098286-00098478": "by aviation meteorologists", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00290-00098478-00098730": "to detect areas of potential turbulence.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00291-00098730-00099230": "And I think folks who have used satellite data in the past,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00292-00099339-00099639": "you can see the little bands of clouds", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00293-00099639-00100017": "and know that that's a good indicator", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00294-00100017-00100245": "of potential turbulence.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00295-00100245-00100407": "So that's one way we do it.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00296-00100407-00100592": "And then if you go to the next slide,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00297-00100869-00101064": "we're also integrating satellite imagery", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00298-00101064-00101355": "and, again, GLM data into our,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00299-00101451-00101649": "specifically our Graphical Turbulence", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00300-00101649-00101904": "Guidance Nowcast product.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00301-00101904-00102216": "This is a zero-hour analysis", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00302-00102216-00102648": "that then provides a 15-minute forecast out to one hour,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00303-00102648-00103061": "and it's updated every 15 minutes.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00304-00103061-00103218": "And then we have the regular", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00305-00103218-00103389": "Graphical Turbulence Guidance product", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00306-00103389-00103809": "that forecasts out to 18 hours.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00307-00103926-00104308": "As you can see, when we incorporated lightning data", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00308-00104425-00104775": "and GLM data into GTGN,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00309-00104775-00104985": "we had a huge effect", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00310-00105153-00105653": "on the locations of the potential areas of turbulence.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00311-00105726-00105975": "And you can see that on the left where the little circle is.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00312-00105975-00106421": "It's showing maybe some very light turbulence,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00313-00106535-00106743": "whereas when you incorporate the GLM data,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00314-00106743-00107203": "you can see that it's much, much stronger return", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00315-00107290-00107790": "on the analysis for moderate to potentially severe icing,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00316-00107874-00108048": "or turbulence, sorry about that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00317-00108233-00108393": "So, next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00318-00108846-00109113": "Starting to do a lot of work with satellite data", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00319-00109113-00109482": "with our Cloud Ceiling and Visibility program.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00320-00109482-00109701": "One of the cases is,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00321-00109701-00110154": "you're probably familiar with the LAMP product.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00322-00110154-00110355": "It produces objective guidance", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00323-00110355-00110631": "on a statistical interpretation", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00324-00110631-00110862": "of observations and model output.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00325-00111086-00111354": "But it's very sparse in some areas of the country,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00326-00111354-00111513": "especially the Intermountain West,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00327-00111513-00111822": "where you don't see a lot of observations.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00328-00111822-00112275": "And you can see that in this upper-right panel.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00329-00112275-00112570": "If you look at, say, Montana", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00330-00112656-00113009": "and even Oregon and Nevada, for example,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00331-00113009-00113509": "you don't see a lot of observation areas or stations there.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00332-00113622-00114054": "So to fill that in, we're incorporating the satellite data", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00333-00114054-00114522": "to improve the visibility", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00334-00114522-00114685": "or the...", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00335-00114828-00114954": "And David Elms is correct.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00336-00114954-00115167": "The LAMP is largely dependent", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00337-00115167-00115425": "on the ASOS for the ground truth.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00338-00115425-00115656": "So what we're trying to do is fill in those areas", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00339-00115656-00115965": "where we don't have an ASOS", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00340-00115965-00116356": "using the satellite data, both fog probabilities", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00341-00116490-00116949": "and other methods to fill that in", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00342-00116949-00117423": "and produce some good cloud bases, cloud heights,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00343-00117423-00117840": "and even some to help with visibility.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00344-00117840-00117995": "So if you go to the next slide,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00345-00118235-00118559": "some of the products that we're looking at", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00346-00118559-00119021": "or use include cloud-top heights, pressures,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00347-00119118-00119589": "black body temperatures, liquid water content, cloud phase.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00348-00119589-00119910": "What we're really looking at for this is a cloud mask", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00349-00120063-00120378": "because that helps us determine where there are areas", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00350-00120378-00120608": "that we still need to figure out ways", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00351-00120608-00121034": "to fill in those gridded areas", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00352-00121034-00121233": "where we don't have good observations.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00353-00121332-00121623": "But it's really been helpful", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00354-00121623-00121944": "in some of our initial research there.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00355-00121944-00122280": "We're also looking at using the GOES Fog", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00356-00122280-00122655": "and Low Stratus capability", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00357-00122655-00123139": "to come up with the probability of marginal VFR conditions", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00358-00123139-00123639": "and on the probability of IFR and below, and fog depth.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00359-00123651-00124149": "We have tested this a lot in the San Francisco area.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00360-00124293-00124488": "San Francisco Airport,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00361-00124488-00124833": "they have a dual runways that are parallel,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00362-00124833-00125280": "but they're actually too close together", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00363-00125280-00125622": "that when you have anything", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00364-00125622-00125988": "below VFR conditions,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00365-00126096-00126264": "the arrival rate has to be reduced", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00366-00126264-00126471": "because if the planes can't see each other,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00367-00126471-00126756": "they have to be spaced farther apart.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00368-00126933-00127173": "And anybody who knows about San Francisco knows", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00369-00127173-00127458": "that they have a huge fog and stratus problem,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00370-00127458-00127866": "especially during the spring and summer months.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00371-00127866-00128283": "So we are looking at using the GOES data", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00372-00128283-00128783": "to help not only see it when it occurs,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00373-00128799-00129114": "but also to forecast the dissipation of it.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00374-00129114-00129324": "And we've had some good success", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00375-00129324-00129528": "in the last couple of years doing that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00376-00129624-00129891": "So we will continue to work that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00377-00129891-00130080": "And the last bullet,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00378-00130206-00130527": "some of our techniques at times produce some false clouds,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00379-00130527-00130859": "especially during the transition period", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00380-00130859-00131040": "between day and night.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00381-00131040-00131388": "So those are some of the things that we struggle with,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00382-00131388-00131706": "but I think a lot of other folks struggle", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00383-00131706-00131877": "with that issue as well.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00384-00131877-00132066": "So it's nothing unique to us.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00385-00132162-00132245": "Next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00386-00132993-00133179": "So there was a couple comments earlier", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00387-00133179-00133443": "about space weather impacts to aviation,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00388-00133560-00133911": "obviously HF radio degradation and loss,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00389-00134073-00134308": "using the day and night band for fog detection.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00390-00134580-00134748": "Honestly, I couldn't tell you that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00391-00134748-00134874": "That's a good question.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00392-00134874-00135180": "I can go back and find that answer out.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00393-00135180-00135680": "I'll talk to my C-and-V research lead and find that out.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00394-00135753-00135930": "That's a good question.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00395-00135930-00136430": "So obviously space weather affects HD radio degradation,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00396-00136491-00136890": "GPS, and precision location errors,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00397-00136890-00137124": "and that increased radiation dose exposure", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00398-00137124-00137580": "to air crews and passengers.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00399-00137733-00138132": "In the past, I wouldn't say that we have ignored this issue.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00400-00138132-00138507": "It's just that whenever we have brought it up", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00401-00138507-00138786": "to the airlines, they kind of pushed us away", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00402-00138786-00139244": "and said, \"We don't want to know, so leave us alone.\"", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00403-00139401-00139839": "But it has come kind of to the forefront", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00404-00139839-00139980": "in the last few years.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00405-00140133-00140328": "And I would say that part of that", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00406-00140328-00140535": "is probably the pilots' union", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00407-00140535-00140895": "and the flight attendants' union", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00408-00140895-00141190": "has started to bring that up", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00409-00141498-00141759": "in some of their questions to the airlines.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00410-00141759-00142065": "And so then now the airlines have come to us.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00411-00142065-00142372": "So we actually hired a space weather", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00412-00142668-00142893": "subject matter expert a few years ago", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00413-00142893-00143393": "to build up a space weather research program for aviation.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00414-00143511-00143919": "So again, this is becoming more of an issue for us,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00415-00143919-00144267": "and we're going to start to tackle it head on.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00416-00144267-00144396": "So, now next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00417-00145161-00145401": "I see a question about what sources", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00418-00145401-00145683": "do the FAA get our information from.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00419-00145683-00145899": "Space Weather Prediction Center", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00420-00145899-00146232": "is where we get everything from, just like everybody else.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00421-00146349-00146443": "We do have", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00422-00146820-00147233": "a radiation model that is run out in Oklahoma City", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00423-00147423-00147795": "at our tech center out there.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00424-00147901-00148080": "(Randy sighs)", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00425-00148080-00148239": "I wouldn't say it's real time.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00426-00148239-00148386": "It's near real time,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00427-00148386-00148600": "but there's actually some issues that", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00428-00148707-00149043": "if we were to issue anything from that,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00429-00149043-00149484": "it could be in conflict with the with SWPC.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00430-00149484-00149754": "So we're kind of working the details", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00431-00149754-00150120": "on exactly how that's gonna work", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00432-00150120-00150339": "or how we're gonna do that in the future.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00433-00150339-00150660": "And that's one of the problems", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00434-00150660-00150952": "that our research lead is going to take on", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00435-00151059-00151215": "because I think she's gonna end up", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00436-00151215-00151503": "being the space weather lead for the FAA,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00437-00151503-00151698": "not just for our branch.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00438-00151812-00152202": "So again, we're utilizing the GOES-R series", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00439-00152202-00152385": "for space weather monitoring.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00440-00152562-00152661": "You're correct.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00441-00152760-00153048": "We don't use experimental data in operations,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00442-00153282-00153399": "and this one,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00443-00153606-00153738": "I wouldn't say it's experimental,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00444-00153738-00153915": "but I wouldn't call it operational either.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00445-00153915-00154380": "So it's, again, one of those things", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00446-00154380-00154530": "that we kind of struggle with.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00447-00154803-00155007": "And then besides just aviation,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00448-00155007-00155293": "the FAA is getting a lot more involved", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00449-00155400-00155655": "on the commercial space aspect,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00450-00155655-00155994": "and we're actually providing oversight of that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00451-00155994-00156196": "And so I think we're gonna get involved", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00452-00156300-00156723": "eventually with the satellite exposure", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00453-00156723-00157077": "and issues with space weather as well.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00454-00157077-00157281": "But I think that's a little farther down the road", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00455-00157281-00157623": "but something I think we're gonna have to take into account.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00456-00157623-00157706": "Next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00457-00158052-00158247": "And I already mentioned volcanic ash.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00458-00158442-00158794": "Our group does not specifically do anything", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00459-00158916-00159258": "besides keep up with some of the research going on", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00460-00159258-00159381": "with volcanic ash.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00461-00159552-00160005": "But again, it's still vitally important,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00462-00160005-00160185": "or the satellite data is vitally important", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00463-00160185-00160359": "in identifying those ash plumes.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00464-00160533-00160758": "And then I just actually just lied.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00465-00160758-00161112": "We are actually going to do a project.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00466-00161112-00161268": "We are finalizing it right now", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00467-00161268-00161709": "to do some volcanic ash research here starting in FY '23.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00468-00161961-00162234": "So we are getting more involved in this as well.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00469-00162348-00162453": "Next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00470-00162639-00162756": "And I just wanted to show this slide", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00471-00162756-00163026": "because I haven't talked about UAS", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00472-00163026-00163526": "and urban air mobility operations yet.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00473-00163572-00163905": "It's still kind of a fledgling area.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00474-00164007-00164301": "We're getting really involved in all our other aspects,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00475-00164301-00164721": "such as turbulence and icing and ceiling and visibility.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00476-00164991-00165249": "But one area we've haven't done a lot in", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00477-00165249-00165496": "is at very low levels, zero to,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00478-00165496-00165996": "or the surface to maybe 3,000 feet or less,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00479-00166017-00166180": "which is where most of our UAS", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00480-00166384-00166617": "and UAM operations are going to be.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00481-00166617-00166889": "So we think there's gonna be some use", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00482-00166889-00167169": "of satellite data there as well.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00483-00167169-00167466": "But you can see just on this slide, it's not just UAS.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00484-00167466-00167640": "It's not just commercial flight.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00485-00167775-00168036": "We've got general aviation.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00486-00168036-00168336": "We've got the commercial space.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00487-00168336-00168663": "We've got high-altitude long-endurance aircraft", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00488-00168663-00169002": "that are becoming more prevalent.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00489-00169185-00169394": "I know the Air Force has their...", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00490-00169578-00169722": "Their mantra is mud,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00491-00169722-00169974": "Air Force weather is mud to the sun.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00492-00169974-00170286": "Ours isn't quite there, but we're probably surface to,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00493-00170397-00170694": "surface to space or something similar to that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00494-00170694-00171075": "So our portfolio will continue to grow.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00495-00171168-00171251": "Next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00496-00171483-00171720": "So some of our future research plans,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00497-00171933-00172197": "we have traditionally just looked at,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00498-00172197-00172697": "besides lightning data, really just satellite imagery.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00499-00172734-00172980": "But I think where we're going to start looking at,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00500-00172980-00173196": "and I'm really pushing our folks to do,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00501-00173196-00173448": "is look at the non-imagery weather data,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00502-00173796-00174261": "the CrIS and the ops and some of the data on JPSS.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00503-00174261-00174696": "I really think there's some capabilities there", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00504-00174696-00175017": "that we can exploit both for detection", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00505-00175017-00175341": "and improved forecast of aviation hazards,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00506-00175341-00175734": "again, that multi-spectral microwave sounding data.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00507-00175983-00176196": "You know, I throw out this question.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00508-00176196-00176553": "Instead of throwing out that data when a cloud is observed,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00509-00176553-00176775": "why can't we use it to detect clouds?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00510-00176892-00177087": "You know, that's something we actually need", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00511-00177087-00177399": "that I think has fallen on the floor right now.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00512-00177399-00177663": "Improving the forecast of convective initiation,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00513-00177765-00177966": "and this is something I don't have on here,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00514-00177966-00178401": "but we have a requirement", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00515-00178401-00178845": "for our time-based flow management", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00516-00178845-00179298": "of aircraft of a four-hour forecast", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00517-00179298-00179541": "of convection with an accuracy", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00518-00179541-00179964": "of within three nautical miles and 10 minutes of occurrence.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00519-00180054-00180291": "We can't do that right now, obviously,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00520-00180291-00180411": "but I think we're getting closer.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00521-00180411-00180657": "The models are getting a lot better,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00522-00180657-00181113": "but I think the use of a geostationary sounder", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00523-00181113-00181380": "would significantly improve our chances", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00524-00181380-00181790": "of doing that from a convective initiation aspect", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00525-00182043-00182543": "that we can really see where those conditions are ripe", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00526-00182568-00183042": "to occur out in that kind of timeframe.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00527-00183042-00183363": "So I think that's where we're really looking at the use", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00528-00183363-00183573": "of a geostationary sounder,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00529-00183573-00183780": "but obviously for turbulence, icing,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00530-00183780-00184095": "and as well as cloud ceilings and visibility.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00531-00184215-00184632": "And we're using JPSS data more and more", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00532-00184632-00184947": "to do some of those proofs of the concept.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00533-00184947-00185268": "And then we're looking at the use of satellite data", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00534-00185268-00185460": "for deriving wind speed and direction", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00535-00185460-00185607": "throughout the atmospheric column,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00536-00185607-00185985": "not just near the surface, but en-route as well.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00537-00186111-00186204": "Next slide.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00538-00186510-00186690": "Go back one, please.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00539-00186864-00187353": "So in summary, again, we conduct applied research", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00540-00187353-00187713": "to minimize the impact of weather on the NAS.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00541-00187713-00188124": "We have not had a fatal US commercial airline accident", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00542-00188124-00188421": "due to weather in about 15 years now.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00543-00188421-00188700": "But that's no reason to sit back", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00544-00188700-00188865": "and say mission accomplished.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00545-00188952-00189452": "Obviously, we still have a lot of general aviation accidents", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00546-00189486-00189609": "that are caused by weather,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00547-00189609-00189792": "and weather is actually the leading cause", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00548-00189792-00190029": "of fatalities in general aviation accidents.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00549-00190029-00190529": "So we need to continue working on that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00550-00190701-00191046": "We're leading significant research to exploit", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00551-00191046-00191187": "and integrate weather satellite data", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00552-00191187-00191436": "into our products and capabilities", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00553-00191436-00191730": "and, again, just foot-stomping that need", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00554-00191730-00192045": "for that geostationary sounder.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00555-00192045-00192420": "And with that, that's pretty much it,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00556-00192420-00192678": "and I'd be happy to answer any questions.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00557-00193458-00193749": "And I don't know if I missed any on the chat.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00558-00194082-00194582": "Now, one I see from Mr. Volz on exposure studies", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00559-00194604-00194778": "or observations on flights.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00560-00194871-00195370": "One of the things we are really going to try to do is,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00561-00195633-00196133": "for example, getting dosimeters on aircraft,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00562-00196254-00196602": "preferably commercial aircraft, but most any aircraft,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00563-00196602-00197043": "'cause I think that's one area", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00564-00197043-00197328": "that I wouldn't say we're deficient at", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00565-00197328-00197595": "because we haven't done it yet, but it's...", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00566-00197595-00198087": "We get very little space weather type radiation data", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00567-00198087-00198369": "in those en-route altitudes.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00568-00198369-00198705": "So that's one area we would like to exploit.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00569-00199371-00199602": "- [Stephen] So I was using the raise-hand feature, Allison,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00570-00199602-00199791": "but thank you Randy for the presentation.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00571-00199791-00199874": "This is Steve Volz.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00572-00199874-00200172": "So lots of great information here", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00573-00200172-00200400": "and a couple of questions.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00574-00200400-00200529": "By the way, we're data hogs,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00575-00200529-00200694": "so if you get dosimeter data, we want it.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00576-00200694-00200827": "- Of course. - We want it in a brief,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00577-00200827-00201012": "found it and when, so we could use it as well", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00578-00201012-00201276": "for validating our own transmission atmospheric models,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00579-00201276-00201450": "et cetera. - And that would be the plan,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00580-00201450-00201663": "is that we would definitely share that data", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00581-00201663-00201963": "or maybe even have you as a repository for it.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00582-00202083-00202332": "- Both open to the discussion on both points.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00583-00202332-00202497": "So one question I'd put to you,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00584-00202497-00202767": "I have a bunch, but I hope others have as well.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00585-00202923-00203202": "I'm looking just sort of the driving mentality", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00586-00203202-00203285": "of your organization.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00587-00203285-00203763": "If you were to prioritize your key elements for research", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00588-00203763-00204042": "or improvement investments, how would you characterize it?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00589-00204042-00204279": "I was thinking, would it be safety of lives saved,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00590-00204279-00204777": "efficiency of the systems operation, minimizing delays,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00591-00204777-00204951": "pollution control, fuel efficiency?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00592-00204951-00205080": "What would be...", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00593-00205080-00205230": "You mentioned safety a couple of times.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00594-00205230-00205461": "Is that the primary metric,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00595-00205461-00205776": "or do you have multiple that are equally challenging?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00596-00205914-00206414": "- So the FAA states that we are a safety organization first,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00597-00206648-00207148": "so yes, I would still say safety would be our primary focus.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00598-00207315-00207507": "Efficiency would be a close second, though.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00599-00207507-00207840": "And actually, most of the work that we're doing", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00600-00207840-00208089": "in our Aviation Weather Research Program", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00601-00208089-00208437": "is more geared towards efficiency than safety.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00602-00208437-00208739": "Our Weather Technology in the Cockpit Program,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00603-00208739-00208983": "they're focused more on the general aviation folks.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00604-00208983-00209292": "So they are more of a safety...", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00605-00209292-00209556": "Their mantra is probably safety.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00606-00209556-00209964": "AWRP would be research, or I mean, efficiency.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00607-00210090-00210330": "On that, though, we're,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00608-00210617-00211117": "we want to get more involved in the reduction of emissions", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00609-00211140-00211317": "and areas like that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00610-00211704-00211854": "And it's...", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00611-00211854-00212354": "Unfortunately, most of the money that the FAA gets,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00612-00212361-00212457": "I shouldn't say unfortunately.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00613-00212457-00212621": "Most of the money that the FAA", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00614-00212621-00213066": "is getting right now for climate", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00615-00213066-00213552": "and climate research is geared towards fuels.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00616-00213801-00214121": "We really don't get to play in that,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00617-00214121-00214344": "but I'm pushing us to do that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00618-00214344-00214758": "And anytime that we show an efficiency gain,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00619-00214758-00215055": "we're also showing that's a reduction in fuel,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00620-00215055-00215412": "which turns into a reduction of CO2 emissions", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00621-00215412-00215496": "and things like that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00622-00215496-00215721": "So it is a focus,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00623-00215721-00216039": "but it's probably not a primary focus right now.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00624-00216501-00216668": "- [Allison] Can everybody hear me?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00625-00216801-00216912": "- Yes.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00626-00216912-00217053": "- [Allison] Okay, great.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00627-00217053-00217254": "Renata, I think you had a question.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00628-00217401-00217671": "- [Renata] Yeah, thank you so much", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00629-00217671-00217796": "for your presentation, by the way,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00630-00217796-00218106": "really helpful and interesting.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00631-00218106-00218301": "My question was,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00632-00218301-00218498": "you had talked a little bit about safety,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00633-00218498-00218817": "and then you mentioned San Francisco and the fog,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00634-00218817-00219051": "but I think there's also a financial component", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00635-00219051-00219339": "for the aviation industry.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00636-00219471-00219669": "What challenge, if you could solve it,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00637-00219669-00219927": "would have the biggest financial impact", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00638-00219927-00220320": "on the aviation industry from your perspective?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00639-00220542-00220902": "- Probably reducing delays and cancellations.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00640-00220902-00221217": "And most of the delays and cancellations", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00641-00221217-00221517": "that are occurring right now are still due to convection.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00642-00221727-00222015": "So that would be the biggest way", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00643-00222015-00222402": "that we would impact anything financially,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00644-00222576-00222912": "especially for the aircraft or for the airlines.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00645-00222912-00223326": "But if we can reduce the number of delays,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00646-00223326-00223443": "and we actually have.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00647-00223812-00224256": "You've probably heard that 70% of all delays", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00648-00224256-00224490": "by the airlines are caused by weather.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00649-00224490-00224916": "That was true in 2006, 2008 timeframe.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00650-00224916-00225327": "It's really down to about 55 to 58% now,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00651-00225450-00225573": "which is still high,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00652-00225573-00225834": "but it's a lot lower than it used to be.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00653-00225834-00226002": "Now whether that is entirely", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00654-00226002-00226257": "because our forecasts are better,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00655-00226257-00226728": "or we're using them better, that's very hard to say.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00656-00226728-00226902": "We've looked into it.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00657-00226902-00227402": "It could also be a factor of airline consolidations", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00658-00227433-00227790": "and things like that that may be causing that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00659-00227901-00228171": "But it's still a huge,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00660-00228171-00228303": "it's still a huge issue.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00661-00228402-00228606": "If we can reduce that even further,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00662-00228606-00228744": "it not only helps the airlines,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00663-00228744-00228992": "but it helps the air traffic controllers", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00664-00228992-00229240": "because that's less work on them,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00665-00229240-00229542": "and less work on them makes the whole NAS safer.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00666-00229542-00229829": "So, it's kind of a...", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00667-00230001-00230394": "It's almost an R to O, O to R type of thing,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00668-00230394-00230763": "that if we can help one area, it actually helps another.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00669-00230763-00230961": "And then the feedback goes back in", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00670-00230961-00231327": "and further improves things.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00671-00231591-00231674": "- Thank you.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00672-00231792-00232053": "- [Allison] I believe Thanh had a question.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00673-00232371-00232752": "- [Thanh] Yeah, thank you for the information.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00674-00232752-00233013": "It's like, my question is how do you,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00675-00233013-00233246": "or do you have a system", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00676-00233246-00233696": "to evaluate what the value of impacts to end users,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00677-00233696-00233969": "you know, like aviation, you know, pilot or so.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00678-00233969-00234222": "How do you know that your service is doing well?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00679-00234222-00234306": "- Yeah.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00680-00234306-00234414": "Yeah, that's a good question", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00681-00234414-00234696": "and something I didn't mention on here.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00682-00234786-00235005": "So we have actually two groups", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00683-00235005-00235311": "within our Aviation Weather Division.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00684-00235410-00235878": "One is a quality-assessment team,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00685-00235878-00236133": "and they don't actually do the quality assessments,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00686-00236133-00236238": "but they manage the team.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00687-00236238-00236376": "We have a third party,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00688-00236469-00236773": "which is normally the", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00689-00237084-00237327": "Global Systems Lab folks out at Boulder.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00690-00237414-00237819": "They will do quality assessments on any of our new products", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00691-00237819-00238191": "and capabilities before we even put 'em out the door", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00692-00238191-00238691": "to make sure that whatever product or capability it is,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00693-00238764-00238948": "that it does what it's supposed to do", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00694-00239058-00239415": "and does no harm to the system.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00695-00239519-00239793": "If we have a capability that's 90% accurate,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00696-00239946-00240063": "which sounds great,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00697-00240063-00240563": "but in the other 10%, it's catastrophic to the NAS,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00698-00240627-00240876": "obviously we can't put that out there.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00699-00240876-00241236": "So we do a good quality assessment to make sure", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00700-00241236-00241736": "that things are as good as we think they're supposed to be.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00701-00241752-00242223": "The other is called the Aviation Weather Demonstration", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00702-00242223-00242454": "and Evaluation Team,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00703-00242454-00242733": "and they're out of our tech center in Atlantic City.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00704-00242733-00243006": "They actually do the user evaluation.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00705-00243006-00243375": "So they're going out and talking to air crews", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00706-00243375-00243746": "and pilots and air traffic controllers", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00707-00243746-00244060": "and airline dispatchers and others", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00708-00244219-00244694": "to make sure that those products are indeed what they need", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00709-00244806-00245064": "and being used in the right way.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00710-00245064-00245307": "And that includes human factors parts,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00711-00245394-00245733": "not just making sure that those products", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00712-00245733-00245942": "do what they're supposed to do,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00713-00245942-00246111": "but are the colors correct?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00714-00246294-00246615": "If there's some kind of setting that you need to make,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00715-00246615-00246981": "is that useful, or is it easy to find and easy to do?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00716-00246981-00247386": "So yes, we do all of that as well.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00717-00247386-00247632": "It's funny that each year", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00718-00247632-00247966": "as we're planning our out-year budget request,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00719-00248250-00248430": "we have a team that comes in", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00720-00248430-00248930": "and reviews all of our different areas of research,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00721-00248976-00249252": "turbulence and icing and all of those.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00722-00249252-00249489": "And quality assessment", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00723-00249489-00249750": "and the audit team are included in that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00724-00249750-00250164": "And every year, they come in dead last in our priorities,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00725-00250164-00250377": "and every year, we bump 'em back up and fund them", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00726-00250377-00250773": "because none of our other research is any good", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00727-00250773-00251046": "if we can't do the quality assessment", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00728-00251046-00251187": "and the user evaluations", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00729-00251187-00251448": "to make sure that they're done correctly.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00730-00251448-00251873": "So yeah, that's a very important part of what we do.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00731-00251873-00252003": "- [Allison] Thanks, Randy.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00732-00252003-00252108": "I had a question.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00733-00252108-00252486": "You were talking about how you get false positives", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00734-00252486-00252773": "like with the cloud cover,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00735-00252773-00253013": "and I'm just curious the ramifications of that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00736-00253013-00253257": "Is it just diverting planes?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00737-00253257-00253584": "Are there any other more serious results", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00738-00253584-00253755": "from those false positives?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00739-00253755-00254202": "And is that from using NOAA data into the models", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00740-00254202-00254462": "that are, like you said, like 98%?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00741-00254562-00254792": "- Right, yeah, most of the false positives", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00742-00254792-00255075": "that we're seeing are still in our research work,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00743-00255075-00255326": "so it's not going out into operations yet.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00744-00255326-00255409": "- [Allison] Okay.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00745-00255409-00255663": "- So those are the things we're trying to fix", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00746-00255663-00255879": "before we submit it into operations.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00747-00255879-00256236": "Or if we did put it in operations,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00748-00256236-00256548": "we'd probably put a caveat that it could only be used", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00749-00256650-00256977": "in these certain times of day", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00750-00256977-00257469": "or areas where there's full cloud or full daylight", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00751-00257469-00257625": "or nighttime conditions.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00752-00257766-00257894": "So, yeah,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00753-00257894-00258180": "it hasn't caused us any problems operationally yet", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00754-00258180-00258680": "only because we haven't transitioned into operations.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00755-00259011-00259096": "- [Allison] Sure.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00756-00259343-00259578": "Andrea, I see you have a question.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00757-00260042-00260205": "- [Andrea] Oh, I was just asking based", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00758-00260205-00260463": "on the (clears throat), excuse me,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00759-00260463-00260856": "based on when you were talking about the close call,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00760-00260856-00261356": "well, talking about the runway at San Francisco Airport", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00761-00261398-00261569": "and how they're so close together.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00762-00261569-00261888": "So I was just wondering if there have been any close calls", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00763-00261888-00262065": "due to any of the planes that were descending", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00764-00262065-00262329": "into the airport due to any fog.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00765-00262470-00262686": "- None that I'm aware of,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00766-00262686-00262875": "but that doesn't mean that it hasn't happened.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00767-00262875-00263375": "I just, you know...", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00768-00263409-00263664": "That fog in that airport have been a problem", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00769-00263664-00263907": "for many, many years.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00770-00263907-00264277": "We had some good systems that we had set up", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00771-00264460-00264742": "that the National Weather Service actually maintained", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00772-00264834-00265134": "using SODARs and other things.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00773-00265134-00265634": "Unfortunately, those systems became worn out", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00774-00265806-00266121": "over the last three or four years and are no longer usable.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00775-00266121-00266366": "So we're coming up with some different solutions.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00776-00266481-00266673": "And satellite data's gonna be a big part", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00777-00266673-00267156": "of that solution, I think, whatever the end result is.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00778-00267306-00267513": "But yeah, I think", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00779-00267513-00268013": "the FAA tends to be an extremely cautious organization,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00780-00268053-00268428": "so they reduce the arrival rates probably a little bit lower", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00781-00268428-00268681": "than maybe they could even get away with", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00782-00268771-00268905": "just to keep it safe enough", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00783-00268905-00269235": "so that there aren't any close calls", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00784-00269235-00269628": "as far as the aircraft coming together.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00785-00270186-00270384": "- [Allison] Mort, you had a question.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00786-00270384-00270489": "Go ahead and unmute.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00787-00270600-00271100": "- [Mort] Yes, I think that you covered this a bit before.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00788-00271233-00271404": "You said that the budget,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00789-00271539-00271755": "I don't know if it's your particular branch,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00790-00271755-00271930": "or let's just call it", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00791-00272190-00272442": "satellite weather predictions", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00792-00272442-00272856": "and use are down at the bottom.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00793-00273123-00273317": "Since it has been...", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00794-00273405-00273894": "Since you do demonstrate how good and how important,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00795-00274053-00274305": "how important that data is,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00796-00274476-00274677": "why does it go down there?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00797-00274677-00274863": "I mean, this is kind of a PC,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00798-00274863-00275100": "You have to have a PC.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00799-00275100-00275547": "But why is it down there at the bottom?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00800-00275774-00275946": "Yeah, simple- - Sure, yeah.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00801-00276144-00276339": "So sort of what I was talking about at the bottom,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00802-00276339-00276636": "I was talking about specifically the budgets for our,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00803-00276636-00277113": "or the priorities for our quality assessment", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00804-00277113-00277380": "and user evaluation groups.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00805-00277545-00277734": "But we always bump them back up", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00806-00277734-00278175": "and fund them at basically what they're asking for.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00807-00278310-00278541": "As far as our overall budget,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00808-00278631-00278997": "I will say that in FY '21,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00809-00278997-00279381": "we got cut about 54%", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00810-00279381-00279714": "from what our budgets had been running before then.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00811-00279828-00280089": "And some of it was what I mentioned.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00812-00280173-00280383": "We were a victim of our own success", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00813-00280383-00280788": "because there had been no commercial accidents recently.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00814-00280899-00281140": "We went back and", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00815-00281472-00281778": "fought internally with our folks,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00816-00281778-00282018": "with other FAA people,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00817-00282018-00282225": "and then all the way up to Congress.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00818-00282225-00282531": "And we also had groups like", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00819-00282531-00282801": "National Center for Atmospheric Research,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00820-00282801-00282951": "went and talked to their congressman.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00821-00282951-00283296": "And MIT Lincoln Lab folks went", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00822-00283296-00283473": "and talked to their congressman.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00823-00283473-00283917": "And in FY '22, we got our budgets restored back", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00824-00283917-00284289": "to what they are, to what they had been in the past.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00825-00284445-00284601": "But yeah, we still struggle", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00826-00284601-00284805": "with funding just like everybody else.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00827-00285024-00285303": "We could always use more, but on the other hand,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00828-00285303-00285686": "our '23 and '24 budgets are really back", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00829-00285840-00286314": "to what they were in the 2016-'17 timeframe.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00830-00286672-00287049": "So I think that we've got a good story to tell,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00831-00287049-00287215": "and we're able to tell that now", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00832-00287330-00287526": "to the bean counters who really matter.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00833-00287688-00287805": "Now, you know,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00834-00287805-00288060": "we certainly don't have a $100 million-a-year budget.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00835-00288060-00288165": "It's nowhere near that,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00836-00288165-00288573": "but it's at least at the point", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00837-00288573-00288895": "that we can get some quality work done", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00838-00288996-00289496": "and get that data out to the operational side.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00839-00289497-00289794": "And you know, we've done a little bit", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00840-00289794-00290106": "of back-of-the-hand calculations, and I'd like to do more,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00841-00290217-00290391": "but I think our return on investment", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00842-00290391-00290724": "is something like 20 to one", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00843-00290724-00290984": "with some of the things that we've done in the past.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00844-00291096-00291402": "- [Allison] I think we have time for one more question.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00845-00291402-00291582": "Preston, would you like to ask?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00846-00292209-00292458": "Oh, maybe he dropped off.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00847-00292836-00293004": "The question he had-", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00848-00293004-00293346": "- I do see that one about convection delays.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00849-00293346-00293484": "- [Allison] Mm-hm.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00850-00293484-00293726": "(Randy hums)", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00851-00293970-00294301": "- Looks like one here. (laughs)", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00852-00294301-00294561": "Yeah, it's actually a good question, you know.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00853-00294909-00295128": "Those frontal systems", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00854-00295128-00295570": "and lines of storms obviously are easier to forecast", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00855-00295665-00295839": "as they come across the country,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00856-00296046-00296268": "whereas the popup thunderstorms", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00857-00296268-00296718": "in the summertime afternoons, especially in the South", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00858-00296718-00297204": "and maybe even the East Coast, are much harder to do.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00859-00297204-00297345": "We still fight with that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00860-00297345-00297449": "I mean, that's...", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00861-00297675-00298089": "One of the things that we, that our organization did,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00862-00298089-00298317": "or the AWRP did,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00863-00298317-00298674": "we funded a lot of the development of the HRRR.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00864-00298674-00298971": "And the HRRR was the first convection-allowing model,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00865-00298971-00299223": "and it was specifically for aviation", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00866-00299223-00299478": "so that we could do a better job of forecasting that.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00867-00299478-00299778": "It just turned out that it was so successful", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00868-00299778-00300278": "that now all the weather forecast offices use the HRRR", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00869-00300296-00300579": "for that and fire weather and everything else.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00870-00300726-00300900": "But yeah, we still struggle", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00871-00300900-00301215": "with those pop-ups thunderstorms.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00872-00301215-00301656": "And unfortunately, that's still a big issue", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00873-00301656-00301884": "because a thunderstorm in,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00874-00301884-00302178": "say, South Dakota, is not a problem.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00875-00302178-00302493": "A line of thunderstorms through Kansas", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00876-00302493-00302712": "is usually not a problem because we can see 'em.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00877-00302712-00302922": "We can divert around them.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00878-00302922-00303261": "That pop-up thunderstorm in Eastern Pennsylvania", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00879-00303261-00303600": "is a huge problem because it gets right in the arrival path", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00880-00303600-00303777": "of the New York airports.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00881-00303777-00303990": "And if you shut down,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00882-00303990-00304464": "or if you get start getting delays in New York,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00883-00304464-00304788": "those delays propagate throughout the entire country.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00884-00304788-00305031": "So that's our focus, is,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00885-00305205-00305379": "we kind of call it the golden triangle", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00886-00305379-00305733": "between Atlanta, New York, and Chicago.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00887-00305733-00305937": "That's really our main focus,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00888-00305937-00306369": "is trying to forecast thunderstorms better in those areas", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00889-00306369-00306714": "because it does have a cascading effect once it starts.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00890-00306945-00307028": "- [Allison] Thank you.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00891-00307028-00307245": "Is there anyone else that have a question?", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00892-00307362-00307695": "Other than that, I'd like to pass it off to Vanessa.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00893-00307695-00307854": "And if you have additional questions,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00894-00307854-00308226": "you can put them in the chat or just email Randy.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00895-00308370-00308754": "- Or if you're gonna be at the satellite conference", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00896-00308754-00308910": "on Monday, I'll be there.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00897-00308910-00309081": "I'll get there Monday around lunchtime.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00898-00309081-00309423": "I'll be there all week, so look me up there.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00899-00309423-00309636": "- [Allison] That's right, that's right.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00900-00309636-00309810": "Thank you so much, Randy.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00901-00310086-00310245": "It was very interesting,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00902-00310245-00310745": "and we've collected a video for our internal viewers.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00903-00311151-00311349": "If there aren't any more questions,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00904-00311349-00311736": "I thank you guys for coming to the speaker series.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00905-00311736-00312015": "We look forward to seeing you at the next one.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00906-00312015-00312210": "- Well, thank you very much.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00907-00312210-00312468": "Like I said, I appreciate being invited to this,", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00908-00312468-00312882": "and if anybody has any questions, you see my email there.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00909-00312882-00313382": "And again, I'll be at the conference next week.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00910-00313497-00313626": "- [Allison] All right, looking forward", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00911-00313626-00313803": "to continuing working with you, Randy.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00912-00313803-00314049": "- Thanks. - Bye.", "3kocb7Z2M5u-00913-00314049-00314240": "- All right, take care, everyone."}}, {"audio_id": "3kKIipMN81I", "text": {"3kKIipMN81I-00000-00000196-00000330": ">>> FOR MOST HIGH SCHOOL TEAMS,", "3kKIipMN81I-00001-00000330-00000336": ">>> FOR MOST HIGH SCHOOL TEAMS,", "3kKIipMN81I-00002-00000336-00000426": ">>> FOR MOST HIGH SCHOOL TEAMS,  MAKING THE STATE TOURNAMENT IS", "3kKIipMN81I-00003-00000426-00000433": ">>> FOR MOST HIGH SCHOOL TEAMS,  MAKING THE STATE TOURNAMENT IS", "3kKIipMN81I-00004-00000433-00000543": ">>> FOR MOST HIGH SCHOOL TEAMS,  MAKING THE STATE TOURNAMENT IS GOOD.", "3kKIipMN81I-00005-00000543-00000550": "MAKING THE STATE TOURNAMENT IS GOOD.", "3kKIipMN81I-00006-00000550-00000617": "MAKING THE STATE TOURNAMENT IS GOOD. MAKE IT TWICE IN A ROW, AND BOY,", "3kKIipMN81I-00007-00000617-00000623": "GOOD. MAKE IT TWICE IN A ROW, AND BOY,", "3kKIipMN81I-00008-00000623-00000690": "GOOD. MAKE IT TWICE IN A ROW, AND BOY, YOU'VE REALLY GOT SOMETHING", "3kKIipMN81I-00009-00000690-00000697": "MAKE IT TWICE IN A ROW, AND BOY, YOU'VE REALLY GOT SOMETHING", "3kKIipMN81I-00010-00000697-00000860": "MAKE IT TWICE IN A ROW, AND BOY, YOU'VE REALLY GOT SOMETHING SPECIAL.", "3kKIipMN81I-00011-00000860-00000867": "YOU'VE REALLY GOT SOMETHING SPECIAL.", "3kKIipMN81I-00012-00000867-00001017": "YOU'VE REALLY GOT SOMETHING SPECIAL. BUT FOR THE BEMIDJI BOYS SOCCER", "3kKIipMN81I-00013-00001017-00001024": "SPECIAL. BUT FOR THE BEMIDJI BOYS SOCCER", "3kKIipMN81I-00014-00001024-00001131": "SPECIAL. BUT FOR THE BEMIDJI BOYS SOCCER  TEAM THIS YEAR, THEY'RE NOT", "3kKIipMN81I-00015-00001131-00001137": "BUT FOR THE BEMIDJI BOYS SOCCER  TEAM THIS YEAR, THEY'RE NOT", "3kKIipMN81I-00016-00001137-00001224": "BUT FOR THE BEMIDJI BOYS SOCCER  TEAM THIS YEAR, THEY'RE NOT  SATISFIED WITH JUST ANOTHER", "3kKIipMN81I-00017-00001224-00001231": "TEAM THIS YEAR, THEY'RE NOT  SATISFIED WITH JUST ANOTHER", "3kKIipMN81I-00018-00001231-00001548": "TEAM THIS YEAR, THEY'RE NOT  SATISFIED WITH JUST ANOTHER  SECTION TITLE.", "3kKIipMN81I-00019-00001548-00001554": "SATISFIED WITH JUST ANOTHER  SECTION TITLE.", "3kKIipMN81I-00020-00001554-00001791": "SATISFIED WITH JUST ANOTHER  SECTION TITLE. >> LAST YEAR THE TEAM LOST IN", "3kKIipMN81I-00021-00001791-00001798": "SECTION TITLE. >> LAST YEAR THE TEAM LOST IN", "3kKIipMN81I-00022-00001798-00001901": "SECTION TITLE. >> LAST YEAR THE TEAM LOST IN  OVERTIME IN THE STATE QUARTER", "3kKIipMN81I-00023-00001901-00001908": ">> LAST YEAR THE TEAM LOST IN  OVERTIME IN THE STATE QUARTER", "3kKIipMN81I-00024-00001908-00001935": ">> LAST YEAR THE TEAM LOST IN  OVERTIME IN THE STATE QUARTER  FINALS.", "3kKIipMN81I-00025-00001935-00001941": "OVERTIME IN THE STATE QUARTER  FINALS.", "3kKIipMN81I-00026-00001941-00002082": "OVERTIME IN THE STATE QUARTER  FINALS. TWO YEARS AGO THEY FELL IN THE", "3kKIipMN81I-00027-00002082-00002088": "FINALS. TWO YEARS AGO THEY FELL IN THE", "3kKIipMN81I-00028-00002088-00002278": "FINALS. TWO YEARS AGO THEY FELL IN THE  SAME ROUND IN PENALTY KICKS.", "3kKIipMN81I-00029-00002278-00002285": "TWO YEARS AGO THEY FELL IN THE  SAME ROUND IN PENALTY KICKS.", "3kKIipMN81I-00030-00002285-00002419": "TWO YEARS AGO THEY FELL IN THE  SAME ROUND IN PENALTY KICKS. THIS YEAR THEY'RE HUNGRY AND", "3kKIipMN81I-00031-00002419-00002425": "SAME ROUND IN PENALTY KICKS. THIS YEAR THEY'RE HUNGRY AND", "3kKIipMN81I-00032-00002425-00002482": "SAME ROUND IN PENALTY KICKS. THIS YEAR THEY'RE HUNGRY AND  READY FOR MORE.", "3kKIipMN81I-00033-00002482-00002489": "THIS YEAR THEY'RE HUNGRY AND  READY FOR MORE.", "3kKIipMN81I-00034-00002489-00002669": "THIS YEAR THEY'RE HUNGRY AND  READY FOR MORE. >> WE DON'T WANT TO SETTLE AT", "3kKIipMN81I-00035-00002669-00002675": "READY FOR MORE. >> WE DON'T WANT TO SETTLE AT", "3kKIipMN81I-00036-00002675-00002782": "READY FOR MORE. >> WE DON'T WANT TO SETTLE AT  JUST A SECTION VICTORY.", "3kKIipMN81I-00037-00002782-00002789": ">> WE DON'T WANT TO SETTLE AT  JUST A SECTION VICTORY.", "3kKIipMN81I-00038-00002789-00002979": ">> WE DON'T WANT TO SETTLE AT  JUST A SECTION VICTORY. I FEEL LIKE FOR US THAT DOESN'T", "3kKIipMN81I-00039-00002979-00002986": "JUST A SECTION VICTORY. I FEEL LIKE FOR US THAT DOESN'T", "3kKIipMN81I-00040-00002986-00003069": "JUST A SECTION VICTORY. I FEEL LIKE FOR US THAT DOESN'T  FEEL LIKE MUCH ANYMORE.", "3kKIipMN81I-00041-00003069-00003076": "I FEEL LIKE FOR US THAT DOESN'T  FEEL LIKE MUCH ANYMORE.", "3kKIipMN81I-00042-00003076-00003306": "I FEEL LIKE FOR US THAT DOESN'T  FEEL LIKE MUCH ANYMORE. IF WE WIN SECTIONS, WE WANT TO", "3kKIipMN81I-00043-00003306-00003313": "FEEL LIKE MUCH ANYMORE. IF WE WIN SECTIONS, WE WANT TO", "3kKIipMN81I-00044-00003313-00003496": "FEEL LIKE MUCH ANYMORE. IF WE WIN SECTIONS, WE WANT TO  GO FAR IN STATE, OTHERWISE IT IS", "3kKIipMN81I-00045-00003496-00003503": "IF WE WIN SECTIONS, WE WANT TO  GO FAR IN STATE, OTHERWISE IT IS", "3kKIipMN81I-00046-00003503-00003590": "IF WE WIN SECTIONS, WE WANT TO  GO FAR IN STATE, OTHERWISE IT IS ALMOST NOT WORTH IT ANYMORE.", "3kKIipMN81I-00047-00003590-00003596": "GO FAR IN STATE, OTHERWISE IT IS ALMOST NOT WORTH IT ANYMORE.", "3kKIipMN81I-00048-00003596-00003770": "GO FAR IN STATE, OTHERWISE IT IS ALMOST NOT WORTH IT ANYMORE. THIS YEAR GOING INTO IT, WE", "3kKIipMN81I-00049-00003770-00003777": "ALMOST NOT WORTH IT ANYMORE. THIS YEAR GOING INTO IT, WE", "3kKIipMN81I-00050-00003777-00004033": "ALMOST NOT WORTH IT ANYMORE. THIS YEAR GOING INTO IT, WE  REALLY FEEL LIKE WE IMPROVE AND", "3kKIipMN81I-00051-00004033-00004040": "THIS YEAR GOING INTO IT, WE  REALLY FEEL LIKE WE IMPROVE AND", "3kKIipMN81I-00052-00004040-00004147": "THIS YEAR GOING INTO IT, WE  REALLY FEEL LIKE WE IMPROVE AND  WE BELONG THERE AND WE WANT TO", "3kKIipMN81I-00053-00004147-00004154": "REALLY FEEL LIKE WE IMPROVE AND  WE BELONG THERE AND WE WANT TO", "3kKIipMN81I-00054-00004154-00004214": "REALLY FEEL LIKE WE IMPROVE AND  WE BELONG THERE AND WE WANT TO  GET PAST THAT GAME.", "3kKIipMN81I-00055-00004214-00004220": "WE BELONG THERE AND WE WANT TO  GET PAST THAT GAME.", "3kKIipMN81I-00056-00004220-00004397": "WE BELONG THERE AND WE WANT TO  GET PAST THAT GAME. >> GETTING THERE WON'T BE AN", "3kKIipMN81I-00057-00004397-00004404": "GET PAST THAT GAME. >> GETTING THERE WON'T BE AN", "3kKIipMN81I-00058-00004404-00004547": "GET PAST THAT GAME. >> GETTING THERE WON'T BE AN  EASY FEAT AS NUMEROUS", "3kKIipMN81I-00059-00004547-00004554": ">> GETTING THERE WON'T BE AN  EASY FEAT AS NUMEROUS", "3kKIipMN81I-00060-00004554-00004721": ">> GETTING THERE WON'T BE AN  EASY FEAT AS NUMEROUS  CHALLENGERS AWAIT, ESPECIALLY", "3kKIipMN81I-00061-00004721-00004728": "EASY FEAT AS NUMEROUS  CHALLENGERS AWAIT, ESPECIALLY", "3kKIipMN81I-00062-00004728-00004864": "EASY FEAT AS NUMEROUS  CHALLENGERS AWAIT, ESPECIALLY  WITH THE TARGET PLANTED FIRMLY", "3kKIipMN81I-00063-00004864-00004871": "CHALLENGERS AWAIT, ESPECIALLY  WITH THE TARGET PLANTED FIRMLY", "3kKIipMN81I-00064-00004871-00005101": "CHALLENGERS AWAIT, ESPECIALLY  WITH THE TARGET PLANTED FIRMLY  ON THE LUMBERJACKS BACKS", "3kKIipMN81I-00065-00005101-00005108": "WITH THE TARGET PLANTED FIRMLY  ON THE LUMBERJACKS BACKS", "3kKIipMN81I-00066-00005108-00005288": "WITH THE TARGET PLANTED FIRMLY  ON THE LUMBERJACKS BACKS  >> WE REALIZE FOR A LOT OF TEAMS", "3kKIipMN81I-00067-00005288-00005295": "ON THE LUMBERJACKS BACKS  >> WE REALIZE FOR A LOT OF TEAMS", "3kKIipMN81I-00068-00005295-00005432": "ON THE LUMBERJACKS BACKS  >> WE REALIZE FOR A LOT OF TEAMS THEY LOOK AT THE SCHEDULE AND", "3kKIipMN81I-00069-00005432-00005438": ">> WE REALIZE FOR A LOT OF TEAMS THEY LOOK AT THE SCHEDULE AND", "3kKIipMN81I-00070-00005438-00005602": ">> WE REALIZE FOR A LOT OF TEAMS THEY LOOK AT THE SCHEDULE AND  SEE BEMIDJI COMING TO TOWN OR", "3kKIipMN81I-00071-00005602-00005608": "THEY LOOK AT THE SCHEDULE AND  SEE BEMIDJI COMING TO TOWN OR", "3kKIipMN81I-00072-00005608-00005779": "THEY LOOK AT THE SCHEDULE AND  SEE BEMIDJI COMING TO TOWN OR  THEY ARE HEADING UP HERE, WE", "3kKIipMN81I-00073-00005779-00005785": "SEE BEMIDJI COMING TO TOWN OR  THEY ARE HEADING UP HERE, WE", "3kKIipMN81I-00074-00005785-00005925": "SEE BEMIDJI COMING TO TOWN OR  THEY ARE HEADING UP HERE, WE  REALIZE WE WILL NEED TO BE ON", "3kKIipMN81I-00075-00005925-00005932": "THEY ARE HEADING UP HERE, WE  REALIZE WE WILL NEED TO BE ON", "3kKIipMN81I-00076-00005932-00006035": "THEY ARE HEADING UP HERE, WE  REALIZE WE WILL NEED TO BE ON  OUR A GAME TO BE ABLE TO TAKE", "3kKIipMN81I-00077-00006035-00006042": "REALIZE WE WILL NEED TO BE ON  OUR A GAME TO BE ABLE TO TAKE", "3kKIipMN81I-00078-00006042-00006162": "REALIZE WE WILL NEED TO BE ON  OUR A GAME TO BE ABLE TO TAKE  CARE OF BUSINESS.", "3kKIipMN81I-00079-00006162-00006169": "OUR A GAME TO BE ABLE TO TAKE  CARE OF BUSINESS.", "3kKIipMN81I-00080-00006169-00006332": "OUR A GAME TO BE ABLE TO TAKE  CARE OF BUSINESS. >> LAST YEAR, RANKED FIFTH IN", "3kKIipMN81I-00081-00006332-00006339": "CARE OF BUSINESS. >> LAST YEAR, RANKED FIFTH IN", "3kKIipMN81I-00082-00006339-00006443": "CARE OF BUSINESS. >> LAST YEAR, RANKED FIFTH IN  STATE, BEFORE THAT WE RANKED", "3kKIipMN81I-00083-00006443-00006449": ">> LAST YEAR, RANKED FIFTH IN  STATE, BEFORE THAT WE RANKED", "3kKIipMN81I-00084-00006449-00006629": ">> LAST YEAR, RANKED FIFTH IN  STATE, BEFORE THAT WE RANKED  THIRD, BEEN A TARGET ON US FOR A", "3kKIipMN81I-00085-00006629-00006636": "STATE, BEFORE THAT WE RANKED  THIRD, BEEN A TARGET ON US FOR A", "3kKIipMN81I-00086-00006636-00006659": "STATE, BEFORE THAT WE RANKED  THIRD, BEEN A TARGET ON US FOR A WHILE.", "3kKIipMN81I-00087-00006659-00006666": "THIRD, BEEN A TARGET ON US FOR A WHILE.", "3kKIipMN81I-00088-00006666-00006800": "THIRD, BEEN A TARGET ON US FOR A WHILE. WE DON'T SWEAT THE STRESS.", "3kKIipMN81I-00089-00006800-00006806": "WHILE. WE DON'T SWEAT THE STRESS.", "3kKIipMN81I-00090-00006806-00007157": "WHILE. WE DON'T SWEAT THE STRESS. >> LED BY TWO TOP RETURNING GOAL", "3kKIipMN81I-00091-00007157-00007163": "WE DON'T SWEAT THE STRESS. >> LED BY TWO TOP RETURNING GOAL", "3kKIipMN81I-00092-00007163-00007367": "WE DON'T SWEAT THE STRESS. >> LED BY TWO TOP RETURNING GOAL SCORERS WHO USE THEIR TWIN SUPER", "3kKIipMN81I-00093-00007367-00007373": ">> LED BY TWO TOP RETURNING GOAL SCORERS WHO USE THEIR TWIN SUPER", "3kKIipMN81I-00094-00007373-00007640": ">> LED BY TWO TOP RETURNING GOAL SCORERS WHO USE THEIR TWIN SUPER POWERS FOR GOOD AND NOT EVIL.", "3kKIipMN81I-00095-00007640-00007647": "SCORERS WHO USE THEIR TWIN SUPER POWERS FOR GOOD AND NOT EVIL.", "3kKIipMN81I-00096-00007647-00007804": "SCORERS WHO USE THEIR TWIN SUPER POWERS FOR GOOD AND NOT EVIL. >> SOMETIMES IT KIND OF SEEMS", "3kKIipMN81I-00097-00007804-00007811": "POWERS FOR GOOD AND NOT EVIL. >> SOMETIMES IT KIND OF SEEMS", "3kKIipMN81I-00098-00007811-00007951": "POWERS FOR GOOD AND NOT EVIL. >> SOMETIMES IT KIND OF SEEMS  LIKE WE KNOW WHERE EACH OTHER", "3kKIipMN81I-00099-00007951-00007957": ">> SOMETIMES IT KIND OF SEEMS  LIKE WE KNOW WHERE EACH OTHER", "3kKIipMN81I-00100-00007957-00008044": ">> SOMETIMES IT KIND OF SEEMS  LIKE WE KNOW WHERE EACH OTHER  ARE GOING BEFORE THEY EVEN KNOW", "3kKIipMN81I-00101-00008044-00008051": "LIKE WE KNOW WHERE EACH OTHER  ARE GOING BEFORE THEY EVEN KNOW", "3kKIipMN81I-00102-00008051-00008104": "LIKE WE KNOW WHERE EACH OTHER  ARE GOING BEFORE THEY EVEN KNOW  WHERE THEY ARE GOING.", "3kKIipMN81I-00103-00008104-00008111": "ARE GOING BEFORE THEY EVEN KNOW  WHERE THEY ARE GOING.", "3kKIipMN81I-00104-00008111-00008334": "ARE GOING BEFORE THEY EVEN KNOW  WHERE THEY ARE GOING. >> THERE'S AN INNATE THING THERE", "3kKIipMN81I-00105-00008334-00008341": "WHERE THEY ARE GOING. >> THERE'S AN INNATE THING THERE", "3kKIipMN81I-00106-00008341-00008461": "WHERE THEY ARE GOING. >> THERE'S AN INNATE THING THERE AS COACHES WE JUST STEP BACK AND", "3kKIipMN81I-00107-00008461-00008468": ">> THERE'S AN INNATE THING THERE AS COACHES WE JUST STEP BACK AND", "3kKIipMN81I-00108-00008468-00008598": ">> THERE'S AN INNATE THING THERE AS COACHES WE JUST STEP BACK AND KIND OF LET THEM ROLL.", "3kKIipMN81I-00109-00008598-00008605": "AS COACHES WE JUST STEP BACK AND KIND OF LET THEM ROLL.", "3kKIipMN81I-00110-00008605-00008725": "AS COACHES WE JUST STEP BACK AND KIND OF LET THEM ROLL. >> YOU CAN EXPECT A SIMILAR", "3kKIipMN81I-00111-00008725-00008732": "KIND OF LET THEM ROLL. >> YOU CAN EXPECT A SIMILAR", "3kKIipMN81I-00112-00008732-00008858": "KIND OF LET THEM ROLL. >> YOU CAN EXPECT A SIMILAR  STYLE OF PLAY FOR BEMIDJI THIS", "3kKIipMN81I-00113-00008858-00008865": ">> YOU CAN EXPECT A SIMILAR  STYLE OF PLAY FOR BEMIDJI THIS", "3kKIipMN81I-00114-00008865-00009145": ">> YOU CAN EXPECT A SIMILAR  STYLE OF PLAY FOR BEMIDJI THIS  YEAR AS IN THE PAST, FLUID,", "3kKIipMN81I-00115-00009145-00009152": "STYLE OF PLAY FOR BEMIDJI THIS  YEAR AS IN THE PAST, FLUID,", "3kKIipMN81I-00116-00009152-00009332": "STYLE OF PLAY FOR BEMIDJI THIS  YEAR AS IN THE PAST, FLUID,  FAST, RELIANT ON PASSING,", "3kKIipMN81I-00117-00009332-00009339": "YEAR AS IN THE PAST, FLUID,  FAST, RELIANT ON PASSING,", "3kKIipMN81I-00118-00009339-00009702": "YEAR AS IN THE PAST, FLUID,  FAST, RELIANT ON PASSING,  OTHERWISE KNOWN AS TIKI-TAKA.", "3kKIipMN81I-00119-00009702-00009709": "FAST, RELIANT ON PASSING,  OTHERWISE KNOWN AS TIKI-TAKA.", "3kKIipMN81I-00120-00009709-00009883": "FAST, RELIANT ON PASSING,  OTHERWISE KNOWN AS TIKI-TAKA. >> ONE TWO TOUCH, PLAY HOW YOU", "3kKIipMN81I-00121-00009883-00009889": "OTHERWISE KNOWN AS TIKI-TAKA. >> ONE TWO TOUCH, PLAY HOW YOU", "3kKIipMN81I-00122-00009889-00010026": "OTHERWISE KNOWN AS TIKI-TAKA. >> ONE TWO TOUCH, PLAY HOW YOU  FEEL AND HAVE FUN WHILE YOU ARE", "3kKIipMN81I-00123-00010026-00010033": ">> ONE TWO TOUCH, PLAY HOW YOU  FEEL AND HAVE FUN WHILE YOU ARE", "3kKIipMN81I-00124-00010033-00010060": ">> ONE TWO TOUCH, PLAY HOW YOU  FEEL AND HAVE FUN WHILE YOU ARE  PLAYING.", "3kKIipMN81I-00125-00010060-00010066": "FEEL AND HAVE FUN WHILE YOU ARE  PLAYING.", "3kKIipMN81I-00126-00010066-00010190": "FEEL AND HAVE FUN WHILE YOU ARE  PLAYING. >> DEFINITELY WANT TO", "3kKIipMN81I-00127-00010190-00010196": "PLAYING. >> DEFINITELY WANT TO", "3kKIipMN81I-00128-00010196-00010270": "PLAYING. >> DEFINITELY WANT TO  COUNTERATTACK VERY WELL THIS", "3kKIipMN81I-00129-00010270-00010276": ">> DEFINITELY WANT TO  COUNTERATTACK VERY WELL THIS", "3kKIipMN81I-00130-00010276-00010397": ">> DEFINITELY WANT TO  COUNTERATTACK VERY WELL THIS  YEAR AND TRANSITION THROUGH THE", "3kKIipMN81I-00131-00010397-00010403": "COUNTERATTACK VERY WELL THIS  YEAR AND TRANSITION THROUGH THE", "3kKIipMN81I-00132-00010403-00010507": "COUNTERATTACK VERY WELL THIS  YEAR AND TRANSITION THROUGH THE  MIDDLE OF THE FIELD ALL THE WAY", "3kKIipMN81I-00133-00010507-00010513": "YEAR AND TRANSITION THROUGH THE  MIDDLE OF THE FIELD ALL THE WAY", "3kKIipMN81I-00134-00010513-00010647": "YEAR AND TRANSITION THROUGH THE  MIDDLE OF THE FIELD ALL THE WAY  UP TO THE TOP.", "3kKIipMN81I-00135-00010647-00010653": "MIDDLE OF THE FIELD ALL THE WAY  UP TO THE TOP.", "3kKIipMN81I-00136-00010653-00010950": "MIDDLE OF THE FIELD ALL THE WAY  UP TO THE TOP. >> WE'RE GOING TO BE FLEXIBLE", "3kKIipMN81I-00137-00010950-00010957": "UP TO THE TOP. >> WE'RE GOING TO BE FLEXIBLE", "3kKIipMN81I-00138-00010957-00011047": "UP TO THE TOP. >> WE'RE GOING TO BE FLEXIBLE  ENOUGH TO WHERE WE CAN RUN", "3kKIipMN81I-00139-00011047-00011054": ">> WE'RE GOING TO BE FLEXIBLE  ENOUGH TO WHERE WE CAN RUN", "3kKIipMN81I-00140-00011054-00011201": ">> WE'RE GOING TO BE FLEXIBLE  ENOUGH TO WHERE WE CAN RUN  MULTIPLE FORMATIONS IF WE NEED", "3kKIipMN81I-00141-00011201-00011207": "ENOUGH TO WHERE WE CAN RUN  MULTIPLE FORMATIONS IF WE NEED", "3kKIipMN81I-00142-00011207-00011421": "ENOUGH TO WHERE WE CAN RUN  MULTIPLE FORMATIONS IF WE NEED  TO DEPENDING ON THE OPPONENT AND", "3kKIipMN81I-00143-00011421-00011428": "MULTIPLE FORMATIONS IF WE NEED  TO DEPENDING ON THE OPPONENT AND", "3kKIipMN81I-00144-00011428-00011461": "MULTIPLE FORMATIONS IF WE NEED  TO DEPENDING ON THE OPPONENT AND SITUATION", "3kKIipMN81I-00145-00011461-00011468": "TO DEPENDING ON THE OPPONENT AND SITUATION", "3kKIipMN81I-00146-00011468-00011554": "TO DEPENDING ON THE OPPONENT AND SITUATION  >> THE FIRST OPPONENT AND", "3kKIipMN81I-00147-00011554-00011561": "SITUATION  >> THE FIRST OPPONENT AND", "3kKIipMN81I-00148-00011561-00011765": "SITUATION  >> THE FIRST OPPONENT AND  SITUATION FOR THE LUMBERJACKS", "3kKIipMN81I-00149-00011765-00011771": ">> THE FIRST OPPONENT AND  SITUATION FOR THE LUMBERJACKS", "3kKIipMN81I-00150-00011771-00011821": ">> THE FIRST OPPONENT AND  SITUATION FOR THE LUMBERJACKS  THIS SEASON IS NEXT THURSDAY."}}, {"audio_id": "3ldRIu1ij6A", "text": {"3ldRIu1ij6A-00000-00000004-00000737": "Your Natchez History Minute is brought to you by Natchez National Historical Park.", "3ldRIu1ij6A-00001-00000737-00001479": "An acclaimed portrait painter, Joseph Henry Bush died on this day, January 11, 1865.", "3ldRIu1ij6A-00002-00001479-00002059": "He had grown up in Frankfort, Kentucky, the son of a tavern keeper and artist. From 1814", "3ldRIu1ij6A-00003-00002059-00002759": "to 1817, Bush studied under famed American artist Thomas Sully in Philadelphia, an apprenticeship", "3ldRIu1ij6A-00004-00002759-00003027": "financed by fellow Kentuckian, Henry Clay.", "3ldRIu1ij6A-00005-00003027-00003625": "In 1818, however, he began his journeys south, particularly to Natchez and New Orleans and", "3ldRIu1ij6A-00006-00003625-00004249": "by 1845, the Times Picayune described the young artist as “having long been a resident", "3ldRIu1ij6A-00007-00004249-00004782": "of Natchez.” While his early work had a neoclassical elegance, he developed", "3ldRIu1ij6A-00008-00004782-00005356": "his own personal style - one described as a “rich interpretation of romanticism, highly", "3ldRIu1ij6A-00009-00005356-00005612": "colored and often intricately composed.”", "3ldRIu1ij6A-00010-00005612-00006114": "Bush completed a number of portraits for wealthy families in the Natchez District but the artist", "3ldRIu1ij6A-00011-00006114-00006709": "is perhaps best known for his portrait of Zachary Taylor, which, today, hangs in", "3ldRIu1ij6A-00012-00006709-00006906": "The White House.", "3ldRIu1ij6A-00013-00006906-00008197": "Hi, I am Lucianne Wood, I am standing in front of my husband's great-great-grandfather who came to the Natchez District in 1805. He was painted by   Joseph Henry Bush, and this", "3ldRIu1ij6A-00014-00008197-00008409": "has been your Natchez History Minute."}}, {"audio_id": "3lYDHzCLksU", "text": {"3lYDHzCLksU-00000-00000093-00000966": "The US Consumer Product Safety Commission and the U.S. Food", "3lYDHzCLksU-00001-00000966-00001458": "and Drug Administration are warning parents and caregivers to stop using sleep positioners.", "3lYDHzCLksU-00002-00001458-00001920": "A sleep positioner is a product that is used to keep babies on their backs while sleeping.", "3lYDHzCLksU-00003-00001920-00002330": "CPSC has received dozens of reports of infants who were placed on their backs or sides", "3lYDHzCLksU-00004-00002330-00002824": "in sleep positioners, only to be found later in potentially hazardous positions within", "3lYDHzCLksU-00005-00002824-00003018": "or next to the sleep positioners.", "3lYDHzCLksU-00006-00003018-00003311": "If babies are placed on their stomachs on a flat sleep positioner,", "3lYDHzCLksU-00007-00003311-00003763": "the babies' faces can get trapped against the bolster causing babies to suffocate.", "3lYDHzCLksU-00008-00003763-00004224": "Babies placed on their sides with the bolster at their backs can easily roll onto their stomachs", "3lYDHzCLksU-00009-00004224-00004556": "with their faces pressed into the product, blocking their breathing.", "3lYDHzCLksU-00010-00004556-00004859": "Babies placed on inclined sleep positioners can scoot around", "3lYDHzCLksU-00011-00004859-00005292": "and end up with their heads trapped bteween the positioner and the side of the crib.", "3lYDHzCLksU-00012-00005292-00005494": "This can cut off babies' ability to breathe.", "3lYDHzCLksU-00013-00005494-00006003": "For the safest sleep environment possible, place babies to sleep on their backs.", "3lYDHzCLksU-00014-00006003-00006374": "Don't put babies to sleep on top of pillows, comforters or thick quilts.", "3lYDHzCLksU-00015-00006374-00006684": "And don't place these items, or large stuffed toys,", "3lYDHzCLksU-00016-00006684-00006954": "in your baby's crib, bassinet or play yard.", "3lYDHzCLksU-00017-00006954-00007315": "The safest crib is one with only a mattress and a tight-fitting sheet.", "3lYDHzCLksU-00018-00007315-00007684": "Parents should stop using sleep positioners or ANY device to hold an infant", "3lYDHzCLksU-00019-00007684-00007897": "on his or her back or side for sleep.", "3lYDHzCLksU-00020-00007897-00009834": "These are unnecessary and can pose a suffocation risk to your baby."}}, {"audio_id": "3m1xFTh9B7A", "text": {"3m1xFTh9B7A-00000-00000800-00001300": "Fim e começo -  Wisława Szymborska", "3m1xFTh9B7A-00001-00001400-00002000": "Depois de cada guerra alguém tem que fazer a faxina. Colocar uma certa ordem que afinal não se faz sozinha.", "3m1xFTh9B7A-00002-00002100-00002700": "Alguém tem que jogar o entulho para o lado da estrada para que possam passar os carros carregando os corpos.", "3m1xFTh9B7A-00003-00002800-00003400": "Alguém tem que se atolar no lodo e nas cinzas em molas de sofás em cacos de vidro e em trapos ensangüentados.", "3m1xFTh9B7A-00004-00003500-00004000": "Alguém tem que arrastar a viga para apoiar a parede, pôr a porta nos caixilhos, envidraçar a janela.", "3m1xFTh9B7A-00005-00004100-00004700": "A cena não rende foto e leva anos. E todas as câmeras já debandaram para outra guerra.", "3m1xFTh9B7A-00006-00004800-00005400": "As pontes têm que ser refeitas, e também as estações. De tanto arregaçá-las, as mangas ficarão em farrapos.", "3m1xFTh9B7A-00007-00005500-00006500": "Alguém de vassoura na mão ainda recorda como foi. Alguém escuta meneando a cabeça que se safou. Mas ao seu redor já começam a rondar os que acham tudo muito chato.", "3m1xFTh9B7A-00008-00006600-00007200": "Às vezes alguém desenterra de sob um arbusto velhos argumentos enferrujados e os arrasta para o lixão.", "3m1xFTh9B7A-00009-00007300-00007700": "Os que sabiam o que aqui se passou devem dar lugar àqueles que pouco sabem.", "3m1xFTh9B7A-00010-00007700-00008188": "Ou menos que pouco. E por fim nada mais que nada.", "3m1xFTh9B7A-00011-00008188-00008388": "Na relva que cobriu as causas e os efeitos alguém deve se deitar com um capim entre os dentes e namorar as nuvens."}}, {"audio_id": "3mBmX09FykE", "text": {"3mBmX09FykE-00000-00000203-00000347": "Informed consent.", "3mBmX09FykE-00001-00000347-00000527": "You hear these two words often", "3mBmX09FykE-00002-00000527-00000653": "when talking about", "3mBmX09FykE-00003-00000653-00000844": "or reading about research.", "3mBmX09FykE-00004-00000844-00001114": "Informed consent simply means", "3mBmX09FykE-00005-00001114-00001394": "you understand what you are being asked to do and why", "3mBmX09FykE-00006-00001394-00001594": "you are \"Informed\"", "3mBmX09FykE-00007-00001594-00001761": "and you agree to do something", "3mBmX09FykE-00008-00001761-00001951": "you \"Consent\".", "3mBmX09FykE-00009-00001951-00002212": "Informed consent is important for research.", "3mBmX09FykE-00010-00002212-00002315": "It's important that", "3mBmX09FykE-00011-00002315-00002525": "people who agree to participate in research", "3mBmX09FykE-00012-00002525-00002692": "understand the study", "3mBmX09FykE-00013-00002692-00002959": "and know what they are signing up for!", "3mBmX09FykE-00014-00002959-00003109": "In fact,", "3mBmX09FykE-00015-00003109-00003343": "if a research project involves people", "3mBmX09FykE-00016-00003343-00003593": "researchers must get \"informed consent\"", "3mBmX09FykE-00017-00003593-00003857": "from every person who participates.", "3mBmX09FykE-00018-00003857-00004294": "You give Informed Consent in three steps.", "3mBmX09FykE-00019-00004294-00004604": "First, you read a document called a consent form", "3mBmX09FykE-00020-00004604-00004828": "that describes the project.", "3mBmX09FykE-00021-00004828-00004968": "Second,", "3mBmX09FykE-00022-00004968-00005325": "you are given the opportunity to ask researchers questions", "3mBmX09FykE-00023-00005325-00005505": "if you don't understand the study", "3mBmX09FykE-00024-00005505-00005795": "or aspects of participation.", "3mBmX09FykE-00025-00005795-00006169": "Sometimes you may need more or different information", "3mBmX09FykE-00026-00006169-00006383": "to understand a project.", "3mBmX09FykE-00027-00006383-00006653": "To gain information you might also", "3mBmX09FykE-00028-00006653-00006893": "have a conversation with a staff member,", "3mBmX09FykE-00029-00006893-00007137": "call a Call Center", "3mBmX09FykE-00030-00007137-00007530": "or watch a video describing the project.", "3mBmX09FykE-00031-00007530-00007801": "Third, you sign the consent form", "3mBmX09FykE-00032-00007801-00008038": "and this shows you understand the project", "3mBmX09FykE-00033-00008038-00008254": "and agree to participate.", "3mBmX09FykE-00034-00008254-00008641": "The KP Research Bank is a research resource", "3mBmX09FykE-00035-00008641-00008902": "that invites people to share health information", "3mBmX09FykE-00036-00008902-00009105": "and a small blood sample.", "3mBmX09FykE-00037-00009105-00009302": "Volunteers like you", "3mBmX09FykE-00038-00009302-00009549": "who join the KP Research Bank", "3mBmX09FykE-00039-00009549-00009869": "are helping change the future of health.", "3mBmX09FykE-00040-00009869-00010166": "To learn more and to read our consent form", "3mBmX09FykE-00041-00010166-00010567": "visit our website at kp.org/ResearchBank."}}, {"audio_id": "3mEKu4Z9Igu", "text": {"3mEKu4Z9Igu-00000-00000014-00000777": "Rika Yuliwulandari: Good Morning.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00001-00000777-00001195": "First I would like to thank the organizing committee for inviting me to be here to meet", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00002-00001195-00001935": "all of you, and I am also very sorry for the trouble of my throat because of the weather.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00003-00001935-00002719": "So, my talk today would be about Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, or SJS-TEN", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00004-00002719-00002965": "study in Indonesia.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00005-00002965-00003689": "So, the purpose of my talk would be to share the current situation of SJS-TEN study in", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00006-00003689-00004385": "Indonesia and to share the HLA allele frequencies of SJS-TEN markers in the population and to", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00007-00004385-00005005": "introduce our preliminary data of SJS-TEN from several hospitals in Indonesia.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00008-00005005-00005496": "I would like to introduce a little about Indonesia.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00009-00005496-00006247": "Here -- Indonesia is here, span from Sabang until Merauke.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00010-00006247-00006544": "The capital is here in Jakarta.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00011-00006544-00007640": "So, it takes about at least 22 hours by direct flight, if available, from Jakarta to Washington,", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00012-00007640-00007838": "D.C.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00013-00007838-00008634": "And according to the government survey in 2010, the number of Indonesian population", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00014-00008634-00008743": "is about 240 million.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00015-00008743-00009677": "And it consists of more than 300 ethnics, scattered from eastern part of Indonesia to", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00016-00009677-00010018": "western part of Indonesia.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00017-00010018-00010600": "According to an [unintelligible] in 2013, the major ethnics are Javanese people; this", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00018-00010600-00010910": "accounts for more than 40 percent.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00019-00010910-00011272": "And then Sudanese people, about 16 percent.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00020-00011272-00011772": "And then Malay people, about 3.7 percent; and Bugis, 2.7 percent.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00021-00011772-00012315": "The rest are the accumulation of various ethnics in Indonesia.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00022-00012315-00013188": "The Javanese and Sudanese people originally lived in Java Island, and the Malay people", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00023-00013188-00014084": "originally lived in Sumatra Island, and the Bugis people originally lived in Sulawesi", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00024-00014084-00014356": "Island.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00025-00014356-00014772": "How is the current situation of SJS-TEN study in Indonesia?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00026-00014772-00015308": "I divided into two, the first piece on the epidemiology data, and the second piece on", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00027-00015308-00015444": "the genetic data.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00028-00015444-00015699": "First, on the epidemiology data.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00029-00015699-00016486": "So far, we are very regret that there is no national epidemiology data of SJS-TEN available,", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00030-00016486-00017203": "so the data is very limited in the hospital, and usually, it is provided by request by", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00031-00017203-00017345": "some researchers.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00032-00017345-00018145": "But when we ask the data, it is not easy to get the data quickly because most hospitals", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00033-00018145-00018806": "in Indonesia currently still use traditional medical records, so rather than electronic", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00034-00018806-00019015": "medical records.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00035-00019015-00019501": "And in some big hospitals, like Bali Royal Hospital, they recently have used electronic", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00036-00019501-00020174": "medical records, but not all medical record has been input.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00037-00020174-00020811": "And if we research the publication about SJS-TEN in Indonesia, so far I only see one published", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00038-00020811-00021559": "data in our national journal about the epidemiology of SJS-TEN in one hospital in Sumatra Island", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00039-00021559-00022388": "and one upcoming publication also in our national journal from one hospital in Central Java.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00040-00022388-00023161": "Based on the genetic study, also there is no report about the association of any gene", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00041-00023161-00024215": "with SJS-TEN, but our profuse population study have reported HLA A, B, C, and the ARB1 in", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00042-00024215-00024751": "the two major populations, and among them at least, there are two potential genetic", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00043-00024751-00025290": "markers for SJS-TEN, have been observed in the two most major populations.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00044-00025290-00026133": "They are HLA B*5801; that has been associated with allopurinol induced SJS-TEN.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00045-00026133-00027045": "The frequency in Javanese population is 4.17 percent, and in Sudanese, 5.97 percent.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00046-00027045-00027960": "And for B*1502, that is a genetic marker for carbamazepine-induced SJS-TEN, the frequency", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00047-00027960-00028522": "in Javanese more than 16 percent, and in Sudanese almost 11 percent.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00048-00028522-00029138": "So, among all countries in Southeast Asia region, B*1502 has been reported to be a marker", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00049-00029138-00029573": "for carbamazepine-induced SJS-TEN, but there is no data in Indonesia.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00050-00029573-00030322": "So, if we compare the presence of B*1502 allele frequency in Indonesia compared to other countries", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00051-00030322-00030933": "in Southeast Asia region, so if this study is conducted in Indonesia, probably we also", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00052-00030933-00031158": "would find similar results.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00053-00031158-00031941": "So, I would like to show you our preliminary data because of the lack of data about SJS-TEN,", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00054-00031941-00032758": "then we [unintelligible] at Royal Hospital and ask about whether they have SJS-TEN patients.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00055-00032758-00033409": "And from several hospitals, mainly from Java Ellen and one from Sumatra, we get these number", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00056-00033409-00033509": "of cases.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00057-00033509-00034313": "Like, for the first group is cases of carbamazepine-induced SJS-TEN, the number of cases is 10.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00058-00034313-00034794": "Other drugs induced SJS-TEN will be is eight, and other forms of cutaneous adverse reaction,", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00059-00034794-00034894": "41.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00060-00034894-00035933": "So, at that time, I was wondering why it is not easier to find carbamazepine induced SJS-TEN", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00061-00035933-00036223": "patients in Indonesia.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00062-00036223-00036865": "In Indonesia, carbamazepine is used in psychiatric and neurologic departments for treating -- in", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00063-00036865-00037582": "psychiatric diseases, for treating acute panic, bipolar disorder, and in children for attention-deficit", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00064-00037582-00038055": "or hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD, and conduct disease.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00065-00038055-00038516": "For psychiatric diseases, usually carbamazepine is not used as a single drug.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00066-00038516-00038962": "And for neurologic disease, this drug can be used as a single drug, usually to treat", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00067-00038962-00039490": "partial and generalized seizure, neuropathic pain, neuralgia trigeminal, post herpes zoster,", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00068-00039490-00040028": "herniated nucleus pulpous, and low back pain.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00069-00040028-00040497": "And all of these patients in Indonesia are treated in two types of health service.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00070-00040497-00041140": "First, in the hospital, and the second is in the primary care of our public health services.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00071-00041140-00041378": "There are two different situations.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00072-00041378-00041880": "In the hospital, such as district or central hospitals, the clinician, like psychiatrists", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00073-00041880-00042628": "or neurologists, is agreed that carbamazepine is effective and cheap drug.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00074-00042628-00043266": "But in fact, in the clinical practice, they prefer to use valproic acid and phenytoin", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00075-00043266-00043637": "because they are frightened of side-effects of carbamazepine.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00076-00043637-00044399": "And the second, in the primary health care, the GP or health worker has limitation in", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00077-00044399-00044727": "the knowledge of how to use carbamazepine.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00078-00044727-00045160": "And sometimes, the carbamazepine is not always available in public health service.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00079-00045160-00045918": "Even though it's available, they prefer to use like luminol or phenytoin to treat epilepsy.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00080-00045918-00046606": "I listed some most causative drugs causing SJS-TEN and classified them into eight groups.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00081-00046606-00047248": "The first is anti-viral: in this case nevirapine; and then anti-epileptic: carbamazepine; antibiotic:", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00082-00047248-00047888": "cephalosporin, cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, sulfadiazine, amoxicillin, antileprosy, and", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00083-00047888-00047988": "dicicyclin.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00084-00047988-00048612": "And of course non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen, aspirin, mefenamic", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00085-00048612-00049421": "acid, paracetamol, metampiron, and piroxicam; and allopurinol, chloroquine, and then traditional", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00086-00049421-00049613": "medicine as is commonly used in Indonesia.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00087-00049613-00050394": "Usually, it consists of a mixture of herbal medicines, and the last is unknown.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00088-00050394-00051019": "And most causative drugs causing other forms of cutaneous adverse reactions is diuretic:", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00089-00051019-00051168": "furosemide.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00090-00051168-00051645": "Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as paracetamol, aspilet, [unintelligible],", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00091-00051645-00051836": "diclofenac, metampiron, ibuprofen.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00092-00051836-00052132": "For antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, cefadroxil, cefixime, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, oral", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00093-00052132-00053174": "anti-tuberculosis, cotrimoxazole, vitamin C. And for antiviral: efavirenz.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00094-00053174-00053907": "Other forms of cutaneous adverse reactions are maculopapular eruption, fixed drug eruption,", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00095-00053907-00054007": "and erythroderma.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00096-00054007-00055142": "So, my conclusion is, in the study of SJS-TEN in Indonesia, we are much left behind than", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00097-00055142-00055242": "other countries.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00098-00055242-00056052": "So, so far there is not sufficient epidemiology data of SJS-TEN at local, regional, and national", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00099-00056052-00056152": "level.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00100-00056152-00056299": "Therefore, further study is needed.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00101-00056299-00056804": "And also, there is no genetic study on SJS-TEN, also needs further study.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00102-00056804-00057280": "And also, there is a lack of sufficient knowledge about drug and side-effects, especially in", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00103-00057280-00057452": "public health services.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00104-00057452-00057913": "Therefore, further education, training programs for health workers about drugs of choice and", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00105-00057913-00058775": "drugs causing cutaneous adverse reactions, and how to prevent it necessary.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00106-00058775-00058892": "Thank you.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00107-00058892-00059011": "[applause]", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00108-00059011-00059349": "Juan Lertora: Thank you very much.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00109-00059349-00059657": "We have a few minutes for questions or comments.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00110-00059657-00060158": "Teri Manolio: Oh, there's one in the back.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00111-00060158-00060329": "Juan Lertora: Yes.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00112-00060329-00060615": "Female Speaker: [inaudible] so much.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00113-00060615-00061071": "I was wondering if you have data with regards to the --", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00114-00061071-00061214": "Juan Lertora: Is the microphone on?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00115-00061214-00061314": "I'm sorry.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00116-00061314-00061414": "Teri Manolio: Yeah, it's on; you just have to be a little", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00117-00061414-00061514": "closer to it --", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00118-00061514-00061822": "Female Speaker: -- with regards to carbamazepine given in", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00119-00061822-00062525": "a psychiatric setting, do you have data as to how much of that is inpatient as opposed", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00120-00062525-00062735": "to outpatient?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00121-00062735-00063387": "Rika Yuliwulandari: Yeah, if we ask more about it, then we will", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00122-00063387-00063487": "get the data.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00123-00063487-00063917": "But at this moment, we still not differentiate whether the outpatient or inpatient.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00124-00063917-00064370": "But I need to inform you that generally the SJS-TEN patients are always hospitalized.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00125-00064370-00064470": "Female Speaker: Okay.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00126-00064470-00064910": "And what is the main adjunct medication that you give with carbamazepine?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00127-00064910-00065427": "Rika Yuliwulandari: I'm sorry, can you please repeat that again?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00128-00065427-00065678": "Female Speaker: The adjunct medication --", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00129-00065678-00065851": "Rika Yuliwulandari: The adjunct medication.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00130-00065851-00066288": "Okay, sometimes haloperidol.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00131-00066288-00066900": "And I got information from the clinicians that usually the patients who get SJS-TEN", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00132-00066900-00067232": "are because they had the combination between carbamazepine and haloperidol.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00133-00067232-00067746": "Carbamazepine itself, they hardly find SJS-TEN.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00134-00067746-00068182": "Female Speaker: So, the mixture is safe?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00135-00068182-00068282": "Okay.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00136-00068282-00068477": "Rika Yuliwulandari: No, not safe.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00137-00068477-00069234": "If they combine carbamazepine and haloperidol, the patient will tend to go to SJS-TEN.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00138-00069234-00069733": "Female Speaker: Does that increase the serum levels of carbamazepine", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00139-00069733-00069846": "in the body?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00140-00069846-00069959": "Rika Yuliwulandari: Yeah.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00141-00069959-00070110": "Female Speaker: Thank you.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00142-00070110-00070223": "Rika Yuliwulandari: Yep.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00143-00070223-00070558": "Juan Lertora: Other questions?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00144-00070558-00071193": "One question that perhaps you could comment on is the turnaround time in terms of the", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00145-00071193-00071352": "HLA genotyping in your setting.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00146-00071352-00071452": "Rika Yuliwulandari: [affirmative]", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00147-00071452-00071552": "Teri Manolio: What is your turnaround time?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00148-00071552-00071750": "How fast can you get the result back?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00149-00071750-00072124": "Rika Yuliwulandari: How fast to get the result for SJS-TEN --", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00150-00072124-00072396": "Teri Manolio: For the genetic marker.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00151-00072396-00072577": "Rika Yuliwulandari: Yes, yes.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00152-00072577-00072677": "Yeah.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00153-00072677-00073016": "For a SJS-TEN study, we would get the data maybe around April?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00154-00073016-00073435": "So, we will get the results soon for SJS-TEN study.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00155-00073435-00074013": "Female Speaker: No, the question was, when you do HLA genotyping,", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00156-00074013-00074113": "how long to get the results?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00157-00074113-00074216": "Rika Yuliwulandari: How long?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00158-00074216-00074614": "Oh, one day, two days, we can get the results.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00159-00074614-00075495": "So, in our previous study to genotype A, B and ARB-1, we used [unintelligible].", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00160-00075495-00075987": "We got the data within two days.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00161-00075987-00076200": "Juan Lertora: Thank you.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00162-00076200-00076321": "Other questions or comments?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00163-00076321-00076421": "Yes, Teri.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00164-00076421-00076802": "Teri Manolio: I was curious about the antibiotics that caused", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00165-00076802-00077493": "-- sorry, this is impossible to see you and talk -- the antibiotics that cause SJS-TEN", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00166-00077493-00077593": "in Indonesia.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00167-00077593-00078016": "It looked as though -- maybe you just listed them alphabetically, but it looked like cephalosporins", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00168-00078016-00078531": "were more common than cotrimoxazol, or is that not the case?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00169-00078531-00078956": "So, what would be the most common antibiotic that would cause this, do you think?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00170-00078956-00079260": "Rika Yuliwulandari: Well, I don't really have the list of number", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00171-00079260-00079544": "of patients for each drug.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00172-00079544-00079825": "I put that in my computer.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00173-00079825-00080386": "But if I compare for cotrimoxazol, there are not many patients.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00174-00080386-00080597": "Teri Manolio: Really?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00175-00080597-00080741": "Because that's quite different from Thailand.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00176-00080741-00080962": "Male Speaker: It's because they don't have SAV [unintelligible]", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00177-00080962-00081062": "in Indonesia.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00178-00081062-00081162": "Teri Manolio: They don't have --", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00179-00081162-00081262": "Male Speaker: SAV.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00180-00081262-00081362": "Rika Yuliwulandari: SAV.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00181-00081362-00081462": "Teri Manolio: Oh, really?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00182-00081462-00081562": "Male Speaker: SAV [unintelligible].", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00183-00081562-00081662": "Teri Manolio: I see.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00184-00081662-00081869": "Male speaker: Only 1 percent of the population has SAV infection,", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00185-00081869-00082114": "but Indonesia, they do not have that.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00186-00082114-00082392": "Teri Manolio: So, they don't use it as much, I see.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00187-00082392-00082492": "Great.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00188-00082492-00082788": "Rika Yuliwulandari: Yeah, not much.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00189-00082788-00083071": "Juan Lertora: Other questions or comments?", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00190-00083071-00083831": "Otherwise, thank you very much, and we'll continue with the next presentation, summarizing", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00191-00083831-00084262": "the experience in the United States, Dr. Steven Leeder.", "3mEKu4Z9Igu-00192-00084262-00084564": "[end of transcript]"}}, {"audio_id": "3mOqtNvbHlQ", "text": {"3mOqtNvbHlQ-00000-00000687-00000787": "G Major 16+Litter Major", "3mOqtNvbHlQ-00001-00000787-00003265": "It Is Y Major 16 (Y Major+G Major 16) Spilt V Major 16 (V Major+G Major 16)"}}, {"audio_id": "3niW5hB3QRo", "text": {"3niW5hB3QRo-00000-00000365-00001083": "what the world owes to dreamers once when Amerson was in the company of", "3niW5hB3QRo-00001-00001083-00001482": "men of affairs who had been discussing railroad stocks and other business", "3niW5hB3QRo-00002-00001482-00001971": "matters for some time he said gentlemen now let us discuss real things for a", "3niW5hB3QRo-00003-00001971-00002325": "while emerson was called the dreamer of dreams", "3niW5hB3QRo-00004-00002325-00002757": "because he had the prophetic vision that saw the world to be the higher", "3niW5hB3QRo-00005-00002757-00003303": "civilization to come tens of thousands of men and women stand today where he", "3niW5hB3QRo-00006-00003303-00003876": "then stood almost alone Edison is a dreamer because he sees people half the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00007-00003876-00004337": "century hence using and enjoying inventions discoveries and facilities", "3niW5hB3QRo-00008-00004337-00004893": "which make the most advanced utilities of today seem very antiquated his mind's", "3niW5hB3QRo-00009-00004893-00005507": "eye sees as curiosities in museums 50 years hence those mechanisms and devices", "3niW5hB3QRo-00010-00005507-00005991": "which now seem so marvelous to us dreamers in this sense are true prophets", "3niW5hB3QRo-00011-00005991-00006651": "they see the civilization that will be long before it arrives as it was the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00012-00006651-00007134": "dreamers of 49 who built the old San Francisco and made it the greatest port", "3niW5hB3QRo-00013-00007134-00007631": "on the western coast so after the recent great earthquake and fire when the city", "3niW5hB3QRo-00014-00007631-00007961": "lay in ashes and three hundred thousand people were homeless", "3niW5hB3QRo-00015-00007961-00008409": "it was the dreamers of today who saw the new city in the ashes where others saw", "3niW5hB3QRo-00016-00008409-00008997": "only desolation and who with indomitable grip the Unconquered will American will", "3niW5hB3QRo-00017-00008997-00009479": "that characterized the pioneers of a half-century before begin to plan a", "3niW5hB3QRo-00018-00009479-00009947": "restored city greater and grander than the old it was in dreams that the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00019-00009947-00010221": "projectors of the great transcontinental rail", "3niW5hB3QRo-00020-00010221-00010629": "first sought aiming cities and fast business enterprises were the more", "3niW5hB3QRo-00021-00010629-00011139": "practical men without imagination saw only the great American desert vast", "3niW5hB3QRo-00022-00011139-00011769": "alkali Plains sage grass and impassable mountains the dreams of men like Collis", "3niW5hB3QRo-00023-00011769-00012231": "P Huntington and Leland Stratford round together the east and the West with", "3niW5hB3QRo-00024-00012231-00012789": "bands of Steel made the two oceans neighbors reclaimed the desert and built", "3niW5hB3QRo-00025-00012789-00013362": "cities were before only desolation rain it was the persistency and grit of", "3niW5hB3QRo-00026-00013362-00013782": "dreamers that triumphed over the congressman without imagination who", "3niW5hB3QRo-00027-00013782-00014232": "advised importing dromedaries to carry the mails across the great American", "3niW5hB3QRo-00028-00014232-00014637": "desert because they said it was ridiculous a foolish waste of money to", "3niW5hB3QRo-00029-00014637-00015054": "build a railroad to the Pacific Ocean as there was nothing there to support a", "3niW5hB3QRo-00030-00015054-00015591": "population it was such dreamers as those who saw the great metropolis of Chicago", "3niW5hB3QRo-00031-00015591-00016151": "in a straggling Indian village who saw Omaha Kansas City Denver Salt Lake City", "3niW5hB3QRo-00032-00016151-00016650": "Los Angeles and San Francisco many years before they arrived that made their", "3niW5hB3QRo-00033-00016650-00017051": "existence possible it was such dreamers as Marshall Field's", "3niW5hB3QRo-00034-00017051-00017625": "Joseph Leiter and Potter Palmer who saw in the ashes of the burned Chicago a new", "3niW5hB3QRo-00035-00017625-00018156": "and glorified city infinitely greater and grander than the old take the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00036-00018156-00018601": "dreamers out of the world's history and who would care to read it our dreamers", "3niW5hB3QRo-00037-00018601-00019134": "they are the advance guard of humanity the toilers who with mint back in", "3niW5hB3QRo-00038-00019134-00019520": "sweating brow cut smooth rolls over which man marches forward from", "3niW5hB3QRo-00039-00019520-00020022": "generation to generation most of the things which make life worth living", "3niW5hB3QRo-00040-00020022-00020484": "which have emancipated man from drudgery and lifted him above cominis and", "3niW5hB3QRo-00041-00020484-00020931": "ugliness the great amenities of life we owe to our dreamers", "3niW5hB3QRo-00042-00020931-00021390": "the present is but the sum total of the dreams of the ages that have gone before", "3niW5hB3QRo-00043-00021390-00022003": "the dreams of the past made real our great ocean liners our marvelous tunnels", "3niW5hB3QRo-00044-00022003-00022704": "our Magnificent bridges our schools our universities our hospitals our libraries", "3niW5hB3QRo-00045-00022704-00023223": "our cosmopolitan cities with their vast facilities comforts and treasures of art", "3niW5hB3QRo-00046-00023223-00023737": "are all the result of somebody's dreams we hear a great deal of talk about the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00047-00023737-00024181": "impracticality of dreamers of people whose heads are among the stars while", "3niW5hB3QRo-00048-00024181-00024606": "their feet are on the earth but where would civilization be today but for the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00049-00024606-00025048": "dreamers we should still be riding in the stagecoach or tramping across", "3niW5hB3QRo-00050-00025048-00025563": "continents we should still cross the ocean and sailing ships unheard letters", "3niW5hB3QRo-00051-00025563-00026038": "would be carried across continents by the Pony Express it cannot be done", "3niW5hB3QRo-00052-00026038-00026656": "rise the man without imagination it can be done it shall be done price the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00053-00026656-00027208": "dreamer and he persists in his dreams through all sorts of provisions even to", "3niW5hB3QRo-00054-00027208-00027759": "the point of starvation if necessary until his visions his inventions his", "3niW5hB3QRo-00055-00027759-00028319": "discoveries his ideas for the betterment of the race are made practical realities", "3niW5hB3QRo-00056-00028319-00028794": "what a picture the dreamer Columbus presented as he went about exposed to", "3niW5hB3QRo-00057-00028794-00029356": "continual scoffs and indignities characterized as an adventurer the very", "3niW5hB3QRo-00058-00029356-00029772": "children taught to regard him as a madman and pointing to their foreheads", "3niW5hB3QRo-00059-00029772-00030262": "as he passed he dreamed of a world beyond the seas and in spite of", "3niW5hB3QRo-00060-00030262-00030654": "unspeakable obstacles his vision became a glory", "3niW5hB3QRo-00061-00030654-00031173": "reality it was the man who a quarter of a century ahead of their contemporaries", "3niW5hB3QRo-00062-00031173-00031614": "saw the marvelous Hulk grass in the hand press that made modern journalism", "3niW5hB3QRo-00063-00031614-00032145": "possible without these dreamers our printing would still be done by hand it", "3niW5hB3QRo-00064-00032145-00032568": "was the men who were denounced as visionaries who practically annihilated", "3niW5hB3QRo-00065-00032568-00033024": "space and enabled us to converse and transact business with people thousands", "3niW5hB3QRo-00066-00033024-00033342": "of miles away as though they were in the same building with us", "3niW5hB3QRo-00067-00033342-00033891": "how many matter-of-fact unimaginative men who see only through practical eyes", "3niW5hB3QRo-00068-00033891-00034548": "would it take to replace a civilization an Edison a bell or a Marconi the very", "3niW5hB3QRo-00069-00034548-00034947": "practical people tell us that the imagination is all well enough in", "3niW5hB3QRo-00070-00034947-00035394": "artists musicians and poets but that it has little place in the great world of", "3niW5hB3QRo-00071-00035394-00035919": "realities yet all leaders of men have been dreamers our great captains of", "3niW5hB3QRo-00072-00035919-00036555": "industry our merchant Prince's have had powerful prophetic imaginations they had", "3niW5hB3QRo-00073-00036555-00036981": "faith in the vast commercial possibilities of our people if it had", "3niW5hB3QRo-00074-00036981-00037392": "not been for our dreamers the American population would still be hugging the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00075-00037392-00037923": "Atlantic coast the most practical people in the world are those who can look far", "3niW5hB3QRo-00076-00037923-00038379": "into the future and see the civilization yet to be who", "3niW5hB3QRo-00077-00038379-00038831": "can see the coming man emancipated from the narrowing hampering fetters", "3niW5hB3QRo-00078-00038831-00039318": "limitations and superstitions of the present day who have the ability to", "3niW5hB3QRo-00079-00039318-00039831": "foresee things to come with the power to make them realities the dreamers have", "3niW5hB3QRo-00080-00039831-00040332": "ever been those who have achieved the seemingly impossible our public parks", "3niW5hB3QRo-00081-00040332-00040881": "our art galleries our great institutions are dotted with monuments and statues", "3niW5hB3QRo-00082-00040881-00041361": "which the world is built to its dreamers those who saw visions of better things", "3niW5hB3QRo-00083-00041361-00041865": "better days for the human race what horrible experiences men and women have", "3niW5hB3QRo-00084-00041865-00042303": "gone through in prisons and dungeons for their dreamers dreams which were", "3niW5hB3QRo-00085-00042303-00042855": "destined to lift the world from savagery and emancipate man from drudgery the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00086-00042855-00043278": "very dreams for which Galileo and other great scientists were imprisoned and", "3niW5hB3QRo-00087-00043278-00043754": "persecuted were recognized as science only a few generations later", "3niW5hB3QRo-00088-00043754-00044349": "Galileo's dream gave us a new heaven and a new earth the dreams of Confucius of", "3niW5hB3QRo-00089-00044349-00044928": "Buddha of Socrates have become realities in millions of human lives Christ", "3niW5hB3QRo-00090-00044928-00045456": "himself was denounced as a dreamer but his whole life was a prophecy a dream of", "3niW5hB3QRo-00091-00045456-00046065": "the coming man becoming civilization he saw beyond the burlesque of the man God", "3niW5hB3QRo-00092-00046065-00046626": "intended beyond the deformed weak deficient imperfect man heredity had", "3niW5hB3QRo-00093-00046626-00047319": "made to the perfect man the ideal man the image of divinity our visions do not", "3niW5hB3QRo-00094-00047319-00047862": "mock us they are evidences of what is to be the four glimpses of possible", "3niW5hB3QRo-00095-00047862-00048489": "realities the castle in the air always precedes the castle on the earth George", "3niW5hB3QRo-00096-00048489-00048918": "Stephenson the poor miner dreamed of the locomotive engine that", "3niW5hB3QRo-00097-00048918-00049395": "would revolutionize the traffic of the world while working in the coal pits for", "3niW5hB3QRo-00098-00049395-00049797": "six pence a day or patching the flows and mending the boots of his fellow", "3niW5hB3QRo-00099-00049797-00050214": "workmen to earn a little money to attend night school and at the same time", "3niW5hB3QRo-00100-00050214-00050832": "supporting his blind father he continued to dream people called him crazy Hill's", "3niW5hB3QRo-00101-00050832-00051272": "roaring engine will set the houses on fire with its parks everybody cried", "3niW5hB3QRo-00102-00051272-00051833": "smoke will pollute the air Harwich makers and coachman will star for one to", "3niW5hB3QRo-00103-00051833-00052334": "work see this dreamer in the House of Commons when members of parliament were", "3niW5hB3QRo-00104-00052334-00052965": "crossed questioning him what said one member can be more palpably absurd and", "3niW5hB3QRo-00105-00052965-00053424": "ridiculous than the prospect held out of Locka motives traveling twice as fast as", "3niW5hB3QRo-00106-00053424-00053994": "horses we should assume expect people of Woolwich to suffer themselves be fired", "3niW5hB3QRo-00107-00053994-00054513": "upon by one of Congress rockets as to thrust themselves to the mercy of such a", "3niW5hB3QRo-00108-00054513-00055047": "machine going at such a rate we trust that Parliament will in all the railways", "3niW5hB3QRo-00109-00055047-00055484": "it may grant limit the speed to eight or nine miles an hour", "3niW5hB3QRo-00110-00055484-00056066": "which is as great as can be ventured upon but in spite of culminate ridicule", "3niW5hB3QRo-00111-00056066-00056558": "and opposition this crazy visionary toiled on for 15 years for the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00112-00056558-00057203": "realization of his vision on the 4th of August 1907 New York celebrated the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00113-00057203-00057742": "centennial of the dream of Robert Fulton see the crowd of curious coppers at the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00114-00057742-00058352": "wharves of the Hudson River at noon on Friday August 4th 1807 to witness the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00115-00058352-00058757": "results of what they thought the most ridiculous idea which ever entered a", "3niW5hB3QRo-00116-00058757-00059254": "human brain to witness what they believed would be a most humiliating", "3niW5hB3QRo-00117-00059254-00059669": "failure of the dreams of a crank who proposed to take a party of people up", "3niW5hB3QRo-00118-00059669-00060251": "the river to Albany in a steam vessel named Clermont did anybody ever hear of", "3niW5hB3QRo-00119-00060251-00060769": "such an absurd ideas navigating against the current of Hudson River without sail", "3niW5hB3QRo-00120-00060769-00061295": "scornfully said the scoffing wiseacres many of them thought that the man who", "3niW5hB3QRo-00121-00061295-00061688": "had fooled away his time and money on the Clermont was a little better than an", "3niW5hB3QRo-00122-00061688-00062066": "idiot and that he ought to be in an insane asylum", "3niW5hB3QRo-00123-00062066-00062641": "but the Clermont did sail at Autzen and Fulton was hailed as a benefactor of the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00124-00062641-00063187": "human race what does the world motto to Morris who gave it its first Telegraph", "3niW5hB3QRo-00125-00063187-00063665": "when the inventor asked for an appropriation of a few thousand dollars", "3niW5hB3QRo-00126-00063665-00064121": "for the first experimental line from Washington to Baltimore he was sneered", "3niW5hB3QRo-00127-00064121-00064607": "at by congressman after discouragements which would have disheartened most men", "3niW5hB3QRo-00128-00064607-00065129": "this experimental line was completed and some congressmen were waiting for the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00129-00065129-00065558": "message which they did not believe would ever come when one of them asked the", "3niW5hB3QRo-00130-00065558-00066038": "inventor how large a package he expected to be able to send over the wire but", "3niW5hB3QRo-00131-00066038-00066646": "very quickly the message did come and original a", "3niW5hB3QRo-00132-00068592-00068798": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "3n-h6oFUSTY", "text": {"3n-h6oFUSTY-00000-00000168-00000375": "Well, my friends, here we are.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00001-00000375-00000724": "We've been deeply examining linear regression.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00002-00000724-00000974": "We have started by looking at introduction.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00003-00000974-00001187": "We looked at linear functions.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00004-00001187-00001525": "We went from there to examining best fit lines.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00005-00001525-00001700": "We wrote questions.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00006-00001700-00001967": "Then we ran a linear regression in SPSS.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00007-00001967-00002320": "And now it behooves us to examine the readout from that", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00008-00002320-00002550": "SPSS analysis.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00009-00002550-00002746": "So we'll start at the--", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00010-00002746-00003236": "want to note that the SPSS read out includes a lot of", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00011-00003236-00003519": "information that is needed for our analysis.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00012-00003519-00003833": "Unfortunately, it also includes a lot of information", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00013-00003833-00003975": "that is not needed.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00014-00003975-00004269": "Our job is to glean the information that we need to", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00015-00004269-00004573": "determine if the study has reasonable correlation between", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00016-00004573-00004678": "the variables.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00017-00004678-00005006": "Then we will also establish the linear regression model if", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00018-00005006-00005131": "such is the case.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00019-00005379-00005592": "Our goal now will be to examine the", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00020-00005592-00005745": "readout that we got.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00021-00005745-00006015": "And you remember, we had a readout entitled", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00022-00006015-00006259": "Regression by Dr. Dawg.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00023-00006259-00006534": "The first thing that we come into the readout to notice--", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00024-00006534-00006830": "that we will need our descriptive statistics.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00025-00006830-00007136": "Our total enrollment had a mean enrollment of 11,567.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00026-00007423-00007922": "And our part-time enrollment, a mean enrollment of 7,703.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00027-00007922-00008173": "And we had 63 institutions.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00028-00008173-00008487": "You noticed that I rounded those up.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00029-00008487-00008772": "The next variable that would be of interest to us is this", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00030-00008772-00009118": "Pearson correlation between the variables, a very strong", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00031-00009118-00009384": "correlation, 0.993.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00032-00009384-00009788": "99% correlation is really pretty profound.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00033-00009788-00010074": "And you notice, we have r, and we have r squared.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00034-00010074-00010476": "And of course, you know that r is the Pearson product-moment", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00035-00010476-00010641": "correlation coefficient.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00036-00010641-00010727": "You've done well.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00037-00010727-00011055": "Now some of the things that we don't need, we have a Nova", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00038-00011055-00011287": "here, which we really don't need that.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00039-00011287-00011611": "But let's drop that down a second and look at these", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00040-00011611-00011775": "coefficients.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00041-00011775-00012205": "Here's what's important, our constant, Negative 378.298.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00042-00012205-00012492": "You need to write that down.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00043-00012492-00012786": "That is b.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00044-00012786-00013216": "Then the total enrollment, 0.699, that is a,", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00045-00013216-00013305": "which is the slope.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00046-00013305-00013665": "So we have our descriptives.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00047-00013665-00013894": "We have our correlation, which is appropriate.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00048-00013894-00014481": "And now we have a, the slope, and b, the constant that we", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00049-00014481-00014869": "need to put into our formula, y equals ax plus b.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00050-00014869-00015035": "We'll look at that in just a moment.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00051-00015316-00015575": "Well, going through the readout really wasn't that", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00052-00015575-00015704": "bad, was it?", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00053-00015704-00015955": "When we went through the readout, we've established the", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00054-00015955-00016029": "following--", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00055-00016029-00016277": "first of all, we obtained our descriptives.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00056-00016277-00016608": "We know what the average total enrollment is.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00057-00016608-00016931": "We know what the average part-time enrollment is.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00058-00016931-00017228": "We know the number of institutions we examined.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00059-00017228-00017416": "And we know the standard deviation for", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00060-00017416-00017556": "each of those variables.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00061-00017556-00017738": "So we obtained our descriptives.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00062-00017738-00018114": "And in doing so, we answered our first research question.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00063-00018114-00018173": "We--", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00064-00018173-00018395": "in our second research question, first", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00065-00018395-00018508": "of all, we did it.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00066-00018508-00018811": "We established reasonable level of correlation.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00067-00018811-00019321": "r equals 0.993 is a very profound correlation.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00068-00019321-00019599": "But doesn't it make sense to you that as an institution's", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00069-00019599-00019965": "total enrollment grows, the number of part-time enrollment", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00070-00019965-00020357": "would be very closely correlated?", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00071-00020357-00020668": "Then we developed a linear regression model.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00072-00020668-00020793": "Now you remember, we had our", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00073-00020793-00021203": "coefficient b, negative 378.298.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00074-00021203-00021641": "And we had our slope, 8.699.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00075-00021641-00022130": "So our model for growth of the size of the part-time", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00076-00022130-00022475": "enrollment in these institutions, y is equal to", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00077-00022475-00023141": "0.699 times the full-time enrollment minus 378.298.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00078-00023141-00023798": "That is a very profound model that we have developed there.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00079-00023798-00024090": "Again, I want to thank you very much for your support.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00080-00024090-00024320": "Your patronage keeps my family fed.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00081-00024320-00024621": "Hope these videos are proving useful to you.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00082-00024621-00024752": "They're a lot of work to produce.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00083-00024752-00025056": "But just like it's a lot of work to produce them, it's a", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00084-00025056-00025273": "lot of work to learn it as well.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00085-00025273-00025467": "Live long and prosper.", "3n-h6oFUSTY-00086-00025467-00025593": "Peace and long life."}}, {"audio_id": "4o6blvv1Vfu", "text": {"4o6blvv1Vfu-00000-00000016-00000480": "so we meet up once again seems like that you really like these videos make sure drop a thumbs", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00001-00000480-00000896": "up let's check it out a very concerned parent had posted the following video in the hopes", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00002-00000896-00001488": "that someone could explain the footage in it a child is seen playing in their crib when suddenly", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00003-00001488-00002056": "something truly terrifying is caught on camera damn now according to the parents ever since", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00004-00002056-00002472": "playing with the ouija board that they bonded a yard sale what's the deal with vg boards", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00005-00002472-00002984": "strange things have been happening on random occasions their son would stare at an empty space", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00006-00003048-00003400": "as though something was there and then suddenly cry out of nowhere", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00007-00003488-00004047": "the strangest incident however may just be the following video it's late at night when", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00008-00004047-00004712": "the following is caught on camera take a look yeah how many of you really tried the ug board", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00009-00004952-00005784": "i cannot pull the weapon so i'm gonna be barefest what", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00010-00006600-00007184": "so the baby is kind of laughing he's looking at someone", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00011-00007352-00007600": "so what just happened it felt like there's something dropped", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00012-00007759-00007968": "and the camera quality is just bad", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00013-00008224-00008584": "someone is kind of screaming as well", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00014-00009056-00009456": "give those barks give those marks i think i scared it away", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00015-00009776-00010240": "i i think i scared it away it happens again", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00016-00010888-00011248": "if you're the parent and you see the recording after the fact then you hear that", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00017-00011248-00011664": "what would you do an unsettling screech-like noise is heard inside the child's room", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00018-00011736-00012344": "it seems to come out of nowhere yet sounds very close to the child but even weirder is the fact", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00019-00012344-00012856": "that the camera glitches whenever it screeches yeah it's almost as though the presence of", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00020-00012856-00013496": "whatever this might be is so strong that it messes with the frequency of the camera then again it is", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00021-00013496-00014104": "often the case that people hack into these cameras perhaps this might be an instance of that but that", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00022-00014104-00014584": "doesn't explain how the camera shook whenever a loud banging always occurred yeah the parents", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00023-00014584-00015096": "believe that whatever was making that noise must be the supposed paranormal entity that is haunting", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00024-00015360-00015976": "your child there's not much info given on this clip so forming a solid opinion", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00025-00015976-00016464": "might be hard to do but nevertheless it's up to you to decide if the video is real or", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00026-00016464-00016984": "not and it's like 3 14 in the end what are the odds just what exactly had occurred that night", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00027-00017088-00017536": "feel free to let me know what you think down below let me know what you think boys", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00028-00017672-00018272": "number five here we go top five for the last six months matthew wayne's has been experiencing scary", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00029-00018272-00018912": "happenings in his house every so often he would hear what sounds like clicking noises and whispers", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00030-00018912-00019528": "that seem to come out of nowhere matthew knows that it's best to ignore these sounds as people", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00031-00019528-00020064": "have told him that these odd occurrences would stop if he didn't give them any attention but", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00032-00020232-00020728": "matthew can no longer ignore these noises he notices that each time they occur", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00033-00020728-00021272": "he gets more scared and the more terrified he gets the more persistent these noises become", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00034-00021392-00021992": "it's almost as though these noises are feeding off his fear because of this matthew has been", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00035-00021992-00022544": "documenting these odd occurrences for the sole purpose of getting help so one night while", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00036-00022544-00023288": "watching tv he begins to hear the strange noises he takes out his phone and begins to record but", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00037-00023288-00024008": "what happens next has left him shook bro you see these eyes he mega scared bro i can already tell", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00038-00024008-00024744": "he mega scares this is what he captured that's a face of a scared man that's a facebook scared man", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00039-00025288-00025488": "okay so i'm just sat here", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00040-00026056-00026588": "yeah he's scared he's scared i said they were gonna start trying to document him [Music]", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00041-00026695-00026816": "i've been trying to watch this", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00042-00027368-00028152": "literally the selfish corner of this offer um trying to watch this i swear", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00043-00028152-00028552": "to god okay i'm getting massive massive creeps i felt like something will jump", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00044-00028552-00028944": "out from the behind but why you got to clock like that because i can hear like whispering", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00045-00029424-00029583": "right i'm gonna listen for a minute", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00046-00030780-00030880": "[Music]", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00047-00030880-00031664": "oh i don't know what will pop dude i hate doing this i don't know why i've decided to do this", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00048-00031792-00032524": "so i'm just trying to watch tv i swear i just keep hearing whispering about [Music]", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00049-00032672-00033176": "about 10 minutes ago i just heard like three really loud i heard it", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00050-00033464-00033512": "right okay", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00051-00033720-00034080": "i'm going to flip it because nobody wants to see my ugly face and i'm going to i'm bad", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00052-00034376-00034512": "see if anyone else can hear it", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00053-00034752-00035176": "oh my god you don't have to listen closely to hear what sounds like someone", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00054-00035176-00035600": "or something it was not even scary it was just the anticipation that was killing something", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00055-00035600-00036128": "breathing heavily in the background it is heard close to matthew as though it was right next to", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00056-00036128-00036840": "him and to make things even more creepy a bit of whispering can be heard in the footage clearly", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00057-00036840-00037352": "matthew was beyond terrified but on the bright side of things he's now getting the support", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00058-00037352-00037968": "and help he hoped to achieve by filming this video yet ever since then matthew states that", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00059-00037968-00038440": "things have only gotten worse the activity continues and he doesn't know what to do", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00060-00038560-00039088": "for now he is staying at his family's home until things settle down yeah good morning like with", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00061-00039088-00039752": "most videos the question is begged what exactly is going on inside this house any of you ever", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00062-00039752-00040320": "experienced anything paranormal one if yes i mean let me know in comments if yes or no fortunately", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00063-00040320-00041080": "it seems that we won't know for sure until more footage is posted number four let's get it", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00064-00041216-00041776": "a mother is going through her child's pile of toys when she finds a toy camera the mother states that", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00065-00041776-00042240": "she had bought the camera for her daughter but unbeknownst to the mother the camera contains", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00066-00042240-00042792": "a chilling photo that her daughter had taken to this day this photo chills her to the core", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00067-00042888-00043264": "in this video she shows us what was captured take a look", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00068-00043488-00044088": "so i got my daughter this camera maximum hd please as the homie casper said from amazon for christmas", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00069-00044088-00044584": "she's sorry almost four um we're just hanging out at home today by ourselves my husband's at work", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00070-00044640-00044976": "she's been telling us she's been seeing somebody in her room um she can't really", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00071-00044976-00045440": "sleep well she refuses to sleep in there we just moved to this house um i never", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00072-00045648-00046120": "set the date or time on this camera because it's just like a little play camera she was taking her", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00073-00046120-00046688": "phones and taking pictures of herself because she's at that age right now so um we just like", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00074-00046688-00047088": "never set the time so she just took a picture and she says mommy look there's a man in the photo", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00075-00047224-00047672": "i'm about to bust i'm about to bust i said what she said there's a man in my photo", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00076-00047672-00048376": "oh damn and i'll well on that real quick just this just happened like like this one because yeah", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00077-00048376-00048848": "or or you mean this one because it feels like that this is like a regular man and somebody's behind", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00078-00048848-00049184": "or maybe this okay now it's not looking like a regular man no it's looking like", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00079-00049408-00049656": "yeah a couple of shots fired and just like batman's go", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00080-00049856-00050304": "like no one else is here it's just us like i'm gonna have to change the date and time so i can", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00081-00050304-00050768": "get more pictures for y'all but look at that in this new house she says she's been seeing people", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00082-00050896-00051408": "there appears to be a shadowy figure inside the family's house the mom believes that this may", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00083-00051408-00051936": "have been the man that her daughter sees but the fact that she's never seen this man herself except", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00084-00051936-00052584": "in this photo makes her think that something supernatural yeah it has to be this one because", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00085-00052584-00053040": "because it to me like this also looks like a face like somebody's just behind this man but not it", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00086-00053040-00053576": "has to be this one is haunting her daughter but of course it's not sure if that's the case", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00087-00053655-00054088": "yet it seems that most viewers believe this is genuine evidence of something otherworldly", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00088-00054167-00054784": "but as with all videos you be the judge yeah ghost or not you let me know", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00089-00054864-00055367": "pit actor pit actor or what pit crowd i mean it's only one guy so", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00090-00055367-00055816": "come on man stop saying that it's a paint crawl this next video was submitted to me by a father", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00091-00055816-00056279": "who caught something pretty creepy on camera now the initial purpose of the video was to", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00092-00056279-00056824": "document a stream all the videos so far has been like kids and kids seeing stuff right", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00093-00056824-00057408": "and the parents are catching the ghost occurrence that often happens around 4 pm according to the", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00094-00057408-00057896": "father it is at this time when the baby monitor inside his bedroom picks up a strange noise", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00095-00057984-00058455": "it's hard to make out the sound that is being made but whatever the source might be it definitely", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00096-00058455-00058984": "sounds creepy for this reason the father thought it'd be best to record and share this video", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00097-00059064-00059655": "however little did he know that something far more spooky would be caught on camera the father", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00098-00059655-00060160": "records the sound why it has to be like the baby monitors all the time and suddenly something else", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00099-00060160-00060816": "is captured this is what he caught something else was captured all right let's check it out boys", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00100-00061048-00061112": "this is the one", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00101-00061455-00061967": "okay so what's the baby monitor just the audio it's like there's this noise", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00102-00061967-00062416": "coming from the bedroom live microphone is that what it's what it is but my wife", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00103-00062472-00062808": "and my baby they're not here they're not in the bedroom", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00104-00063328-00063696": "this noise happens every day at this exact time", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00105-00064352-00065224": "every day 4 4 pm okay i'm getting oh my god something will be captured there's no one in there", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00106-00065455-00065488": "don't know", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00107-00065752-00065928": "uh oh oh oh", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00108-00067048-00067384": "cover me i'm reeling it", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00109-00068204-00068304": "[Music]", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00110-00068304-00068976": "the closet door opens on its own it opens wide enough showing no one inside understandably", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00111-00068976-00069392": "the father stands up in total shock as he just caught something that may just prove his belief", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00112-00069472-00069952": "according to him the strange noises have nothing to do it can be staged but let's say", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00113-00069952-00070312": "if this is real okay like you're noticing you have been noticing", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00114-00070312-00070832": "something like that for a long long time and you have been hearing this distortion sound effect for", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00115-00070832-00071328": "for basically every day at the same time he says at 4 pm and there's no one in the house", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00116-00071328-00071920": "and then you see the door opening like that what would you do man what would you do i'm", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00117-00071920-00072600": "getting the chills man frequency interference but more to do with something paranormal he believes", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00118-00072600-00073032": "that whatever opened the door was responsible for the sounds that were picked up by the monitor", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00119-00073160-00073672": "whether ghost or not the father is definitely creeped out by this yeah he further adds that", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00120-00073672-00074056": "he'll continue to document more of these streams i mean like if you experienced something like", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00121-00074056-00074688": "that you wouldn't let your child sleep in that room right occurrences but until then this video", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00122-00074688-00075200": "stands to be the creepiest encounter he's had yeah and as always what are your thoughts on this", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00123-00075280-00075784": "could this be evidence of something paranormal or did something else occur", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00124-00076440-00076864": "there's a photo on twitter that's currently trending however it isn't trending for the", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00125-00076864-00077376": "reason you're probably thinking the photo in question isn't a pick posted by a celebrity", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00126-00077376-00077936": "or anything mainstream in general but rather an ordinary image from someone with a very sm", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00127-00078184-00078672": "you have been watching sneaker and every time i see a woman with those eyebrows it's like lily", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00128-00078888-00079512": "all up to the to the woman's following the photo appears to be normal until you look closely and", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00129-00079512-00080256": "realize that the image isn't ordinary at all but instead something beyond that oh my god it's not", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00130-00080256-00080704": "the actual image but now you're seeing the eye that's the eyebrow that's the mouth that's half", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00131-00080704-00081536": "of the nose that's the wrinkle on the face god damn okay let me just get up son on august 3", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00132-00081536-00082096": "of 2022 twitter user natalina posted an image on their account that has left many people disturbed", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00133-00082184-00082656": "she didn't realize what she had captured until a friend of hers had seen the pic and told her about", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00134-00082656-00083312": "it in a text conversation had with someone else natalina explains the photo did you say august", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00135-00083312-00083936": "3rd or 23rd because right now it's august 18. i'm assuming third but i'm not i'm not gonna rewind", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00136-00083936-00084528": "she writes [Music] i went to take some pictures of my house that was under renovation last year", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00137-00084584-00085208": "it's from my late father i had taken the photos in november and that was it recently i sent the", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00138-00085208-00085728": "same photo i took in november to a friend of mine and he was like what the [__] bro because", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00139-00085728-00086568": "he zoomed in and this just popped up damn what we got we got a baddie looking like a snake that's it", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00140-00086808-00087088": "okay so oh behind like the shadow", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00141-00087392-00088000": "oh my god yo you might wanna in this picture i was alone and there was no one behind me", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00142-00088120-00088592": "behind dog like you might wanna you might wanna look behind you man i'm just saying dude i'm just", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00143-00088592-00089128": "saying if you're watching late at night in the day you gotta look behind you man you gotta look", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00144-00089128-00089568": "behind you adelina a solid shadow-like figure can be seen standing behind her", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00145-00089680-00090144": "it stands only a couple feet away from natalina while being hunched over and turned yeah these", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00146-00090144-00090752": "are kind of like the legs you know that's the the bumble bum that's a bumble clad so that's", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00147-00090752-00091080": "uh that seems like the head but apparently it feels like that that's the eyes like you're", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00148-00091080-00091552": "not just peeking like that turn the other way as though it's trying its best not to be seen", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00149-00091664-00091968": "although it's not clear as to what was captured natalina can't", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00150-00091968-00092368": "help but feel that a ghost or some other supernatural entity was caught on camera", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00151-00092488-00092960": "what if it's her shadow his viewers seem to agree with her adding that perhaps this may", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00152-00092960-00093584": "have been her deceased father who she mentions in the text converse dog okay what's that sound in my", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00153-00093584-00094328": "okay i'm probably imagining station yeah like most comments it is solely a belief and nothing certain", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00154-00094432-00094976": "but what do you think did natalina actually capture the ghost of her deceased father who once", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00155-00094976-00095776": "lived in this house or was something else captured wow if you caught something creepy on camera", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00156-00095848-00096352": "let's get back in this final clip number one a man was woken up by a mysterious noise when something", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00157-00096352-00096920": "pretty terrifying is caught on camera this video was posted about nine months ago and the person", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00158-00096920-00097360": "who recorded this i think this is going to be the the it so far has been a w video but this is", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00159-00097360-00097880": "going to be w states that while spending the night inside his aunt's house which is very old unusual", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00160-00097880-00098616": "events took place the following is the video he took oh my god i'm getting the creeps already", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00161-00098832-00099248": "oh my god dude like oh", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00162-00099440-00100016": "dude yo get out of the bed already dog like you got your legs tucked in", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00163-00100232-00100288": "oh my god", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00164-00100744-00101648": "damn okay bro like i don't know but knocks like that are i don't know man right i mean they're", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00165-00101648-00102224": "normal you would hear knocks like that on your door normally if somebody's coming to your house", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00166-00102224-00102744": "or apartment whatever but when you're watching a ghost video and you hear knocks like that why all", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00167-00102744-00103783": "of a sudden you forget that this could be a normal person i don't know oh my god this sounds bad", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00168-00104264-00105183": "dude i'm about to bust dog like oh hey trying to open the door brad", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00169-00106216-00106808": "a child's voice is heard close to the camera naturally the person recording fled from the room", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00170-00106808-00107352": "and went straight to his car after hearing the whispers not much else is known about the video", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00171-00107352-00108072": "which makes it even more creepy but doubtless the video itself is scary alone oh my god bro", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00172-00108488-00108976": "dude dude i'm actually hearing the knocks i gotta be my mother but i'm like freaking", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00173-00108976-00109456": "out right now dude um because like like towards the tour here i was also you you", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00174-00109456-00109792": "probably saw me like looking around right because i was hearing like a little bit of", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00175-00109792-00110240": "the knocks i'm also hearing dogs like that like goddamn probably my mama from my mama", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00176-00110400-00111096": "daniel thanks for watching bye click on this video on the screen and i will see you right there man", "4o6blvv1Vfu-00177-00111096-00111432": "if you thought this was scary well click on this one and we'll see you there subscribe"}}, {"audio_id": "4orB-iux7iY", "text": {"4orB-iux7iY-00000-00004302-00004939": "I am here to discuss the so-called flying saucers. Air Force interest in this", "4orB-iux7iY-00001-00004939-00005008": "problem", "4orB-iux7iY-00002-00005008-00005394": "has been due to our feeling of an obligation to", "4orB-iux7iY-00003-00005394-00006007": "identify and analyze to the best of our ability, anything in the air", "4orB-iux7iY-00004-00006007-00006639": "that may have the possibility of threat  or menace to the United States. In", "4orB-iux7iY-00005-00006639-00006804": "pursuit of this obligation", "4orB-iux7iY-00006-00006804-00007314": "since 1947, we have received and analyzed between one and", "4orB-iux7iY-00007-00007314-00007817": "two thousand reports that have come to us from all kinds of sources", "4orB-iux7iY-00008-00007817-00008125": "Of this great mess of reports", "4orB-iux7iY-00009-00008125-00008477": "we have been able adequately to explain", "4orB-iux7iY-00010-00008477-00008870": "the great bulk of them, explain them to our own", "4orB-iux7iY-00011-00008870-00009225": "satisfaction we've been able to explain them as", "4orB-iux7iY-00012-00009225-00009650": "hoaxes, as erroneously identified friendly aircraft,", "4orB-iux7iY-00013-00009650-00010081": "as meteorological or electronic phenomena,", "4orB-iux7iY-00014-00010081-00010781": "or as light aberration", "4orB-iux7iY-00015-00011475-00012036": "however, there have been a certain percentage of this volume of reports that have been", "4orB-iux7iY-00016-00012036-00012141": "made by", "4orB-iux7iY-00017-00012141-00012451": "credible observers of relatively", "4orB-iux7iY-00018-00012451-00012917": "incredible things. It is this group of observations", "4orB-iux7iY-00019-00012917-00013531": "that we now are attempting to resolve. Our basic difficulty in dealing with", "4orB-iux7iY-00020-00013531-00013720": "these is that there is no", "4orB-iux7iY-00021-00013720-00014297": "measurement of them that makes it possible for us to put them in any", "4orB-iux7iY-00022-00014297-00014365": "pattern", "4orB-iux7iY-00023-00014365-00014708": "that would be profitable for a", "4orB-iux7iY-00024-00014708-00015408": "deliberate custom sort of analysis to take the next step. We have as a date", "4orB-iux7iY-00025-00015457-00015680": "come to only one firm conclusion", "4orB-iux7iY-00026-00015680-00015991": "with respect to this remaining percentage", "4orB-iux7iY-00027-00015991-00016297": "and that is that it does not", "4orB-iux7iY-00028-00016297-00016689": "contain any pattern or purpose or of", "4orB-iux7iY-00029-00016689-00017210": "consistency that we can relate with any to any conceivable threat to the United", "4orB-iux7iY-00030-00017210-00017813": "States", "4orB-iux7iY-00031-00017813-00018513": "is that (inaudible)", "4orB-iux7iY-00032-00020003-00020429": "we can say that the recent sightings are in no way connected", "4orB-iux7iY-00033-00020429-00021129": "with any secret development by any department of the United States (inaudible)", "4orB-iux7iY-00034-00022708-00023027": "we can say that the recent sightings are in", "4orB-iux7iY-00035-00023027-00023386": "no way connected with any secret development", "4orB-iux7iY-00036-00023386-00024086": "by any agency of the United States", "4orB-iux7iY-00037-00024674-00025374": "I'll start when you throw down", "4orB-iux7iY-00038-00025377-00025704": "(coughing) (inaudible)", "4orB-iux7iY-00039-00025704-00026281": "yeah", "4orB-iux7iY-00040-00026281-00026685": "Major Keyhoe, as author of the book \"Flying Saucers are Real,\"", "4orB-iux7iY-00041-00026685-00027172": "what is your opinion of these new sightings of unidentified object?", "4orB-iux7iY-00042-00027172-00027495": "With all due respect to the Air Force, I believe that some of them will prove to be", "4orB-iux7iY-00043-00027495-00027924": "of interplanetary origin. During a three-year investigation I found that", "4orB-iux7iY-00044-00027924-00028343": "many powers have described objects of substanc and high-speed", "4orB-iux7iY-00045-00028343-00028683": "one case filed this report another plane was buffeted by an object with", "4orB-iux7iY-00046-00028683-00028875": "an estimated five hundred miles an hour", "4orB-iux7iY-00047-00028875-00029227": "obviously this was a solid object and I believe it was from outer space"}}, {"audio_id": "4otCkyCwwS4", "text": {"4otCkyCwwS4-00000-00001216-00001623": "so up till now i never played animal crossing before it was always either a", "4otCkyCwwS4-00001-00001623-00002080": "pokemon or some fighting game nothing else", "4otCkyCwwS4-00002-00002080-00002456": "i played a lot of games in my day so when my boyfriend introduced me to", "4otCkyCwwS4-00003-00002456-00002976": "animal crossing new horizons i was kind of like i don't know because", "4otCkyCwwS4-00004-00002976-00003304": "i could never commit to those type of games like", "4otCkyCwwS4-00005-00003304-00003752": "sims like i would play but then i get bored cause there's like", "4otCkyCwwS4-00006-00003752-00004144": "nothing much else to do so i just don't play them again", "4otCkyCwwS4-00007-00004144-00004848": "but yo animal crossing new horizons was everywhere on social media", "4otCkyCwwS4-00008-00004848-00005271": "like i had no idea that this game was that popular", "4otCkyCwwS4-00009-00005271-00005880": "so after seeing all of that jazz and some possibly light peer pressure", "4otCkyCwwS4-00010-00005880-00006287": "from my boyfriend while i was recovering from my surgery", "4otCkyCwwS4-00011-00006287-00006808": "in a pandemic march 2020 i said fuck it and i bought the game", "4otCkyCwwS4-00012-00006808-00007336": "when i was able to afford it and that is the journey of my addiction", "4otCkyCwwS4-00013-00007336-00007823": "to animal crossing i got so addicted to this game that i", "4otCkyCwwS4-00014-00007823-00008272": "neglected doing my artwork for a couple months", "4otCkyCwwS4-00015-00008272-00008896": "sorry guys i would play every single day morning noon and night because i", "4otCkyCwwS4-00016-00008896-00009200": "have so much to do in that game and also i", "4otCkyCwwS4-00017-00009200-00009432": "have something to actually look forward to", "4otCkyCwwS4-00018-00009432-00010056": "in the game and let me tell you i went ham on this game", "4otCkyCwwS4-00019-00010056-00010560": "i caught bugs and fish for the museum grinding for bells by selling shit", "4otCkyCwwS4-00020-00010560-00011024": "so i could pay off my house loans and buy some cool stuff", "4otCkyCwwS4-00021-00011024-00011328": "the rich life chose me i picked weeds from the ground", "4otCkyCwwS4-00022-00011328-00011679": "like a neat freak that i am not the illegal kind the", "4otCkyCwwS4-00023-00011679-00012320": "the ground kind i promise eventually i was able to terraform my island", "4otCkyCwwS4-00024-00012320-00012760": "yo it was because of that that there were times", "4otCkyCwwS4-00025-00012760-00013119": "where i would play until seven in the morning", "4otCkyCwwS4-00026-00013119-00013647": "terraforming my island is is that normal in animal crossing which", "4otCkyCwwS4-00027-00013647-00014047": "is supposed to be a chill game please please tell me", "4otCkyCwwS4-00028-00014047-00014344": "because i i think i need help i posted pics and", "4otCkyCwwS4-00029-00014344-00014663": "videos of myself playing animal crossing new horizons", "4otCkyCwwS4-00030-00014663-00015112": "on twitter and share some funny moments with my villagers and the progress of my", "4otCkyCwwS4-00031-00015112-00015600": "island i feel like my island is pretty decent", "4otCkyCwwS4-00032-00015600-00016280": "right now but comparing it to other people's islands that i've seen online", "4otCkyCwwS4-00033-00016328-00016656": "i debated whether or not to reset my game i mean", "4otCkyCwwS4-00034-00016656-00017392": "it's not like i played over 850 hours on animal crossing new horizons right", "4otCkyCwwS4-00035-00017392-00017823": "i have a problem but that's not the worst of it the biggest thing that", "4otCkyCwwS4-00036-00017823-00018240": "worried me later on was the villagers in my island up", "4otCkyCwwS4-00037-00018240-00018631": "before i didn't know about certain mechanics for villagers", "4otCkyCwwS4-00038-00018631-00018959": "in the game since it was my first time playing animal crossing", "4otCkyCwwS4-00039-00018959-00019304": "i didn't know that you could keep looking for villagers", "4otCkyCwwS4-00040-00019304-00019751": "until you find someone you really like instead of picking the first one you see", "4otCkyCwwS4-00041-00019751-00020200": "i didn't know that you could close the game and keep talking to a certain", "4otCkyCwwS4-00042-00020200-00020664": "campsite visitor that you want until they choose someone that you want", "4otCkyCwwS4-00043-00020664-00021208": "off your island that was my case with cherry and marthy i am so sorry cherry i", "4otCkyCwwS4-00044-00021208-00021615": "didn't know better and i definitely didn't know that when a", "4otCkyCwwS4-00045-00021615-00022087": "villager that you really like asked to leave you close the game", "4otCkyCwwS4-00046-00022087-00022576": "without finishing the conversation and play normally without talking to", "4otCkyCwwS4-00047-00022576-00022879": "them i'd have the thought bubble transfer to", "4otCkyCwwS4-00048-00022879-00023184": "someone else the next day until it's someone you", "4otCkyCwwS4-00049-00023184-00023768": "don't mind leaving oh lily i'm sorry", "4otCkyCwwS4-00050-00023768-00024240": "but hey i found apollo while trying to find a sisterly villager", "4otCkyCwwS4-00051-00024240-00024751": "because i was so stupid to let cherry go do i have to explain why i took a pot", "4otCkyCwwS4-00052-00024751-00025376": "let's get this beautiful bald eagle of a man like oh i am definitely keeping", "4otCkyCwwS4-00053-00025376-00025912": "him forever because one he is daddy and two he is just so amazing", "4otCkyCwwS4-00054-00025912-00026319": "but here's the thing i had no idea that there were", "4otCkyCwwS4-00055-00026319-00026624": "a lot of villagers i think it's like 300 or something", "4otCkyCwwS4-00056-00026624-00026975": "like that that many villagers out there that i could have", "4otCkyCwwS4-00057-00026975-00027375": "gotten like apollo and the more i learned about it", "4otCkyCwwS4-00058-00027375-00027936": "i became very very picky and i started to get", "4otCkyCwwS4-00059-00027936-00028272": "irritated by or started to get bored of certain", "4otCkyCwwS4-00060-00028272-00028704": "villagers who were on my island that's where i started to regret letting", "4otCkyCwwS4-00061-00028704-00029175": "cherry and lily go so i decided to redeem myself by kicking", "4otCkyCwwS4-00062-00029175-00029560": "some villagers off my island the first villager that i officially", "4otCkyCwwS4-00063-00029560-00030056": "yeated off my island was lyman he started to really annoy me", "4otCkyCwwS4-00064-00030056-00030391": "and oh my god do i need to explain i", "4otCkyCwwS4-00065-00030391-00030856": "i can't i i couldn't for my life staring him without wanting to strangle him in", "4otCkyCwwS4-00066-00030856-00031256": "the ocean and i didn't know how annoying it was", "4otCkyCwwS4-00067-00031256-00031680": "to have two jocks in my island boots was my starting villager", "4otCkyCwwS4-00068-00031680-00032008": "and he's kind of annoying because all they talk about is working out", "4otCkyCwwS4-00069-00032008-00032352": "but he's more tolerable than lyman because i've known since day one", "4otCkyCwwS4-00070-00032352-00032695": "all right i know some people actually like lyman", "4otCkyCwwS4-00071-00032695-00033200": "and i respect it kinda but to me he was just so annoying", "4otCkyCwwS4-00072-00033200-00033863": "and i i wanted him gone so one day i kicked him out by accident because i", "4otCkyCwwS4-00073-00033863-00034519": "time traveled a few days in the game listen i don't want to wait a week to", "4otCkyCwwS4-00074-00034519-00034888": "move six houses and to demolish or", "4otCkyCwwS4-00075-00034888-00035216": "build a bridge or incline while building my island", "4otCkyCwwS4-00076-00035216-00035631": "okay so that's what i did and that's what got him to leave", "4otCkyCwwS4-00077-00035631-00036008": "so when he asked me to leave i was like good", "4otCkyCwwS4-00078-00036008-00036608": "riddance and pressed the good luck option real quick i replaced him with tammy", "4otCkyCwwS4-00079-00036608-00036888": "because i still needed a sisterly villager and", "4otCkyCwwS4-00080-00036888-00037400": "uh tammy gave me some vibes like in the bronx when i saw her", "4otCkyCwwS4-00081-00037400-00037919": "i'm from the bronx so i took her home with me", "4otCkyCwwS4-00082-00037919-00038360": "and she's great she's not cherry but she is certainly better than lyman i'll tell", "4otCkyCwwS4-00083-00038360-00038703": "you that much i usually had bad luck with the campsite", "4otCkyCwwS4-00084-00038703-00039152": "but one day i checked the tent and it", "4otCkyCwwS4-00085-00039152-00039752": "was diana the queen i knew right then and there that i", "4otCkyCwwS4-00086-00039752-00040144": "wanted her in my island so i fought hard and closed the game a", "4otCkyCwwS4-00087-00040144-00040536": "few times until she mentioned murthy i", "4otCkyCwwS4-00088-00040536-00040840": "already have apollo as my cranky villager so i", "4otCkyCwwS4-00089-00040840-00041424": "immediately said yes girl move into my island and the best part of", "4otCkyCwwS4-00090-00041424-00041919": "all of that is she's my birthday twin like girl", "4otCkyCwwS4-00091-00041919-00042503": "yes january 4th baby so that's how i was able to redeem myself", "4otCkyCwwS4-00092-00042503-00042896": "for trading cherry away for a cranky bear cub", "4otCkyCwwS4-00093-00042896-00043544": "marthy was die he was alright but diana is queen and apollo", "4otCkyCwwS4-00094-00043544-00044159": "is king also daddy i stan forever i also kicked out", "4otCkyCwwS4-00095-00044159-00044528": "caroline and olive i like both of them they're they're cute", "4otCkyCwwS4-00096-00044528-00044872": "and really sweet but it was time for them to move on i", "4otCkyCwwS4-00097-00044872-00045231": "kicked all about with an amiibo hack that my boyfriend showed me", "4otCkyCwwS4-00098-00045231-00045559": "my boyfriend is a technical nerd and also picky like me", "4otCkyCwwS4-00099-00045559-00046103": "and i replaced her with chevre who is adorable", "4otCkyCwwS4-00100-00046103-00046463": "at the same time i let caroline go and started", "4otCkyCwwS4-00101-00046463-00046975": "villager hunting and dude on my 25th ticket", "4otCkyCwwS4-00102-00046975-00047647": "i found rosie rosie i was like okay you're coming with", "4otCkyCwwS4-00103-00047647-00048040": "me girl like how could i not she is not", "4otCkyCwwS4-00104-00048040-00048616": "only cute but she's a cat a cat villager come on you can't pass that", "4otCkyCwwS4-00105-00048616-00049072": "up am i right come on but because i took rosie i had", "4otCkyCwwS4-00106-00049072-00049472": "two peppy pillagers and there's only room from one star", "4otCkyCwwS4-00107-00049472-00050000": "so nibbles i love you but you're on a chopping blog list after", "4otCkyCwwS4-00108-00050000-00050431": "caroline and olive mallary was the next one to leave and", "4otCkyCwwS4-00109-00050431-00050847": "although i liked mallary diana is queen", "4otCkyCwwS4-00110-00050847-00051271": "so i let mallary go and went to villager hunting again", "4otCkyCwwS4-00111-00051271-00051944": "bruh seven tickets in and i found sherb", "4otCkyCwwS4-00112-00051944-00052344": "i swear to god i was debating whether or not to keep going because it was just", "4otCkyCwwS4-00113-00052344-00052672": "just so soon you know but i couldn't just", "4otCkyCwwS4-00114-00052672-00053055": "leave him like a total asshole so of course i", "4otCkyCwwS4-00115-00053055-00053655": "adopted this beautiful blue goat boy and oh my god his house", "4otCkyCwwS4-00116-00053655-00054216": "his house is so cute i had to make his little yard the same way", "4otCkyCwwS4-00117-00054216-00054839": "i'm sorry jeremiah i love you but sherb is new baby now oh and speaking of", "4otCkyCwwS4-00118-00054839-00055288": "jeremiah he asked to leave sometime after sherb", "4otCkyCwwS4-00119-00055288-00055648": "arrived and it wasn't the first time that happened he asked", "4otCkyCwwS4-00120-00055648-00056032": "many times before and i always said no because he was", "4otCkyCwwS4-00121-00056032-00056744": "baby but it was finally time for me to let him go and grow up to be", "4otCkyCwwS4-00122-00056744-00057400": "a big boy so i let the little blue frog leave my island and venture on his own", "4otCkyCwwS4-00123-00057400-00057736": "now the villager hunt for his replacement", "4otCkyCwwS4-00124-00057736-00058367": "was a roller coaster i wanted to find either another smug or lazy villager", "4otCkyCwwS4-00125-00058367-00058983": "or lily specifically and preferably lily i searched and searched but to no", "4otCkyCwwS4-00126-00058983-00059495": "avail i even turned away tia maple", "4otCkyCwwS4-00127-00059495-00060127": "and melba melba all because i wanted my sweet adorable", "4otCkyCwwS4-00128-00060127-00060560": "little frog back after two hours i was about to give up", "4otCkyCwwS4-00129-00060560-00061279": "until i found erik erik y'all on my 77th", "4otCkyCwwS4-00130-00061279-00061624": "ticket i was switching nook miles back then", "4otCkyCwwS4-00131-00061624-00062024": "i thought about it and after thinking it through i had decided to take him", "4otCkyCwwS4-00132-00062024-00062424": "instead of letting tom nook pick a rando and take", "4otCkyCwwS4-00133-00062424-00062776": "another two or more weeks to kick that person out", "4otCkyCwwS4-00134-00062776-00063472": "it was worth it because erik's house is real chill if you ask me", "4otCkyCwwS4-00135-00063472-00063927": "and his side yard that i made for him matches his house perfectly", "4otCkyCwwS4-00136-00063927-00064527": "but what about lily oh don't worry i summoned her through the amiibo hack", "4otCkyCwwS4-00137-00064527-00064920": "but a sacrifice was needed and nibbles was the chosen", "4otCkyCwwS4-00138-00064920-00065367": "one goodbye sweet princess i hope you'll be", "4otCkyCwwS4-00139-00065367-00065776": "a pop star on another island so what am i doing now", "4otCkyCwwS4-00140-00065776-00066072": "with this game well aside from the burnout after going", "4otCkyCwwS4-00141-00066072-00066495": "hard on this game i still plan to complete the museum with", "4otCkyCwwS4-00142-00066495-00066912": "new bugs fish and art from redd whenever he comes", "4otCkyCwwS4-00143-00066912-00067320": "there's still going to be updates to be installed in the game later on so", "4otCkyCwwS4-00144-00067320-00067727": "that's something i look forward to please don't be like easter day geezus", "4otCkyCwwS4-00145-00067727-00068080": "traumatized from that shit i still kind of want to do", "4otCkyCwwS4-00146-00068080-00068607": "some villager hunting so if anyone else wants to go", "4otCkyCwwS4-00147-00068607-00069224": "then they can go pietro boots i might change up my island a little bit", "4otCkyCwwS4-00148-00069224-00069607": "here and there like rearranging gardens or fixing up some", "4otCkyCwwS4-00149-00069607-00070032": "areas just to boost some aesthetic because i am lowkey jealous of other", "4otCkyCwwS4-00150-00070032-00070416": "people's islands and since i play it on the daily i", "4otCkyCwwS4-00151-00070416-00070927": "try to grind for some nook miles because your girl need them tickets", "4otCkyCwwS4-00152-00070927-00071407": "getting new items or songs that i haven't gotten yet oh and gifting my", "4otCkyCwwS4-00153-00071407-00071760": "villagers for a chance to get their photos i just", "4otCkyCwwS4-00154-00071760-00072160": "got rosie's photo baby i'm just waiting on lily chevre and", "4otCkyCwwS4-00155-00072160-00072600": "sherb yes i took a quiz a while back on", "4otCkyCwwS4-00156-00072600-00072936": "twitter to see what kind of animal crossing player that i am", "4otCkyCwwS4-00157-00072936-00073504": "my results were pretty accurate i got the collector", "4otCkyCwwS4-00158-00073527-00073951": "what can i say i'm a collector and that just wraps up my addictive", "4otCkyCwwS4-00159-00073951-00074304": "experience with animal crossing new horizons", "4otCkyCwwS4-00160-00074304-00074768": "holy mother of goodness this was kind of long but it was fun to make if you", "4otCkyCwwS4-00161-00074768-00075200": "managed to watch this all the way through you are forever", "4otCkyCwwS4-00162-00075200-00075568": "the true vip and i thank you so much for that", "4otCkyCwwS4-00163-00075568-00076024": "some videos aren't getting a lot of love as they should so i highly recommend", "4otCkyCwwS4-00164-00076024-00076480": "you guys to check them out it means so much to me since i worked really hard on", "4otCkyCwwS4-00165-00076480-00076727": "them and i was i'm not joking when i say they", "4otCkyCwwS4-00166-00076727-00077063": "need just as much love they i appreciate all the love for the glitchtale", "4otCkyCwwS4-00167-00077063-00077607": "videos thank you thank you thank you i i bow down but uh", "4otCkyCwwS4-00168-00077607-00077983": "my other stuff needs some love too so if you could do that for me i", "4otCkyCwwS4-00169-00077983-00078536": "totally appreciate it thank you seriously they need a lot of love as", "4otCkyCwwS4-00170-00078536-00078856": "always thank you for watching don't get too addicted to animal", "4otCkyCwwS4-00171-00078856-00079312": "crossing like i did and stay safe bye"}}, {"audio_id": "4oaxWbL1c-y", "text": {"4oaxWbL1c-y-00000-00000000-00030272": "New Weapon: Sans Blaster New Weapon: light machine gun(Lv 1 to Lv 3) New Weapon: Heavy machine gun(Lv 1) New Weapon: Machine Cannon(Lv 1) Upgraded some music Download Link is under the video"}}, {"audio_id": "4ocpjkxaQGg", "text": {"4ocpjkxaQGg-00000-00000416-00000670": "C#m7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00001-00000670-00000884": "B", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00002-00000884-00001080": "Emaj7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00003-00001080-00001214": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00004-00001214-00001292": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00005-00001292-00001504": "C#m7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00006-00001504-00001720": "B", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00007-00001720-00001936": "Emaj7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00008-00001936-00002114": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00009-00002114-00002326": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00010-00002326-00002520": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00011-00002520-00002698": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00012-00002786-00002978": "C#m7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00013-00002978-00003190": "B", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00014-00003190-00003402": "Emaj7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00015-00003402-00003529": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00016-00003529-00003629": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00017-00003629-00003836": "C#m7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00018-00003836-00004038": "B", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00019-00004038-00004392": "Emaj7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00020-00004482-00004696": "C#m7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00021-00004696-00004886": "B", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00022-00004886-00005102": "Emaj7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00023-00005102-00005244": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00024-00005244-00005336": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00025-00005336-00005530": "C#m7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00026-00005530-00005736": "B", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00027-00005736-00005934": "Emaj7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00028-00005934-00006138": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00029-00006138-00006340": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00030-00006378-00006586": "C#m", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00031-00006586-00006792": "G# / C", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00032-00006792-00006992": "B", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00033-00006992-00007156": "F#", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00034-00007156-00007254": "Transition from F# to A (left Hand: F# - G# - A)", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00035-00007254-00007442": "A", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00036-00007442-00007572": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00037-00007572-00007642": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00038-00007654-00007864": "C#m7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00039-00007864-00008081": "B", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00040-00008081-00008286": "Emaj7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00041-00008286-00008482": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00042-00008482-00008708": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00043-00008708-00008922": "C#m7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00044-00008922-00009118": "B", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00045-00009118-00009348": "Emaj7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00046-00009348-00009478": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00047-00009478-00009564": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00048-00009564-00009772": "C#m7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00049-00009772-00009990": "B", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00050-00009990-00010192": "Emaj7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00051-00010192-00010378": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00052-00010378-00010610": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00053-00010610-00010818": "C#m", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00054-00010818-00011028": "G# / C", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00055-00011028-00011254": "B", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00056-00011254-00011382": "F#", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00057-00011382-00011468": "Transition from F# to A (left Hand: F# - G# - A)", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00058-00011468-00011650": "A", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00059-00011650-00011828": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00060-00011830-00011898": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00061-00011898-00012074": "C#m7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00062-00012074-00012294": "B", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00063-00012294-00012484": "Emaj7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00064-00012484-00012702": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00065-00012702-00012916": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00066-00012916-00013104": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00067-00013104-00013312": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00068-00013352-00013550": "C#m", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00069-00013550-00013763": "G# / C", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00070-00013763-00013978": "B", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00071-00013978-00014128": "F#", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00072-00014128-00014212": "Transition from F# to A (left Hand: F# - G# - A)", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00073-00014212-00014626": "A", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00074-00014626-00014819": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00075-00014819-00015019": "G#m7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00076-00015019-00015230": "C#m", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00077-00015230-00015447": "E7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00078-00015447-00015672": "A", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00079-00015672-00015788": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00080-00015788-00015876": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00081-00015876-00016086": "C#m", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00082-00016086-00016304": "E7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00083-00016304-00016518": "A", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00084-00016518-00016638": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00085-00016638-00016722": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00086-00016722-00016930": "C#m", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00087-00016930-00017140": "E7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00088-00017140-00017358": "A", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00089-00017358-00017494": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00090-00017494-00017584": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00091-00017584-00017770": "C#m", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00092-00017770-00017954": "E7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00093-00017954-00018166": "A", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00094-00018166-00018390": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00095-00018390-00018602": "G#7", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00096-00018602-00018800": "G#7sus4", "4ocpjkxaQGg-00097-00018800-00018972": "G#7"}}, {"audio_id": "40kkP0CmYF0", "text": {"40kkP0CmYF0-00000-00000010-00000236": "AND 20% JOB PLACEMENT RATE.", "40kkP0CmYF0-00001-00000236-00000243": "AND 20% JOB PLACEMENT RATE.", "40kkP0CmYF0-00002-00000243-00000373": "AND 20% JOB PLACEMENT RATE. >>> FOR 27 YEARS, THE PAUL", "40kkP0CmYF0-00003-00000373-00000380": "AND 20% JOB PLACEMENT RATE. >>> FOR 27 YEARS, THE PAUL", "40kkP0CmYF0-00004-00000380-00000523": "AND 20% JOB PLACEMENT RATE. >>> FOR 27 YEARS, THE PAUL BUNYAN CHAPTER OF FISHING HAS NO", "40kkP0CmYF0-00005-00000523-00000530": ">>> FOR 27 YEARS, THE PAUL BUNYAN CHAPTER OF FISHING HAS NO", "40kkP0CmYF0-00006-00000530-00000730": ">>> FOR 27 YEARS, THE PAUL BUNYAN CHAPTER OF FISHING HAS NO BOUNDARIES HAS PROVIDED ANGLERS", "40kkP0CmYF0-00007-00000730-00000737": "BUNYAN CHAPTER OF FISHING HAS NO BOUNDARIES HAS PROVIDED ANGLERS", "40kkP0CmYF0-00008-00000737-00000874": "BUNYAN CHAPTER OF FISHING HAS NO BOUNDARIES HAS PROVIDED ANGLERS OF ALL AGES AND DISABILITIES A", "40kkP0CmYF0-00009-00000874-00000880": "BOUNDARIES HAS PROVIDED ANGLERS OF ALL AGES AND DISABILITIES A", "40kkP0CmYF0-00010-00000880-00001020": "BOUNDARIES HAS PROVIDED ANGLERS OF ALL AGES AND DISABILITIES A CHANCE TO GO FISHING.", "40kkP0CmYF0-00011-00001020-00001027": "OF ALL AGES AND DISABILITIES A CHANCE TO GO FISHING.", "40kkP0CmYF0-00012-00001027-00001234": "OF ALL AGES AND DISABILITIES A CHANCE TO GO FISHING. EVENT ORGANIZERS WERE BUSY", "40kkP0CmYF0-00013-00001234-00001241": "CHANCE TO GO FISHING. EVENT ORGANIZERS WERE BUSY", "40kkP0CmYF0-00014-00001241-00001391": "CHANCE TO GO FISHING. EVENT ORGANIZERS WERE BUSY UNLOADING EQUIPMENT, ORGANIZING", "40kkP0CmYF0-00015-00001391-00001398": "EVENT ORGANIZERS WERE BUSY UNLOADING EQUIPMENT, ORGANIZING", "40kkP0CmYF0-00016-00001398-00001581": "EVENT ORGANIZERS WERE BUSY UNLOADING EQUIPMENT, ORGANIZING FISHING TACKLE AND PREPARING THE", "40kkP0CmYF0-00017-00001581-00001588": "UNLOADING EQUIPMENT, ORGANIZING FISHING TACKLE AND PREPARING THE", "40kkP0CmYF0-00018-00001588-00001714": "UNLOADING EQUIPMENT, ORGANIZING FISHING TACKLE AND PREPARING THE GROUNDS AT PAUL BUNYAN PARK FOR", "40kkP0CmYF0-00019-00001714-00001721": "FISHING TACKLE AND PREPARING THE GROUNDS AT PAUL BUNYAN PARK FOR", "40kkP0CmYF0-00020-00001721-00001858": "FISHING TACKLE AND PREPARING THE GROUNDS AT PAUL BUNYAN PARK FOR THIS YEAR'S BIG EVENT.", "40kkP0CmYF0-00021-00001858-00001865": "GROUNDS AT PAUL BUNYAN PARK FOR THIS YEAR'S BIG EVENT.", "40kkP0CmYF0-00022-00001865-00002088": "GROUNDS AT PAUL BUNYAN PARK FOR THIS YEAR'S BIG EVENT. OVER 80 PARTICIPANTS WILL HEAD", "40kkP0CmYF0-00023-00002088-00002095": "THIS YEAR'S BIG EVENT. OVER 80 PARTICIPANTS WILL HEAD", "40kkP0CmYF0-00024-00002095-00002215": "THIS YEAR'S BIG EVENT. OVER 80 PARTICIPANTS WILL HEAD OUT ON LAKE BEMIDJI SATURDAY FOR", "40kkP0CmYF0-00025-00002215-00002222": "OVER 80 PARTICIPANTS WILL HEAD OUT ON LAKE BEMIDJI SATURDAY FOR", "40kkP0CmYF0-00026-00002222-00002338": "OVER 80 PARTICIPANTS WILL HEAD OUT ON LAKE BEMIDJI SATURDAY FOR A FULL DAY OF FISHING.", "40kkP0CmYF0-00027-00002338-00002345": "OUT ON LAKE BEMIDJI SATURDAY FOR A FULL DAY OF FISHING.", "40kkP0CmYF0-00028-00002345-00002482": "OUT ON LAKE BEMIDJI SATURDAY FOR A FULL DAY OF FISHING. FOR MANY WHO ATTEND THE EVENT", "40kkP0CmYF0-00029-00002482-00002489": "A FULL DAY OF FISHING. FOR MANY WHO ATTEND THE EVENT", "40kkP0CmYF0-00030-00002489-00002649": "A FULL DAY OF FISHING. FOR MANY WHO ATTEND THE EVENT EACH YEAR, FISHING HAS NO", "40kkP0CmYF0-00031-00002649-00002655": "FOR MANY WHO ATTEND THE EVENT EACH YEAR, FISHING HAS NO", "40kkP0CmYF0-00032-00002655-00002736": "FOR MANY WHO ATTEND THE EVENT EACH YEAR, FISHING HAS NO BOUNDARIES IS LIKE A FAMILY", "40kkP0CmYF0-00033-00002736-00002742": "EACH YEAR, FISHING HAS NO BOUNDARIES IS LIKE A FAMILY", "40kkP0CmYF0-00034-00002742-00003016": "EACH YEAR, FISHING HAS NO BOUNDARIES IS LIKE A FAMILY REUNION.", "40kkP0CmYF0-00035-00003016-00003023": "BOUNDARIES IS LIKE A FAMILY REUNION.", "40kkP0CmYF0-00036-00003023-00003159": "BOUNDARIES IS LIKE A FAMILY REUNION. >> WHEN EVERYBODY COMES IN THAT", "40kkP0CmYF0-00037-00003159-00003166": "REUNION. >> WHEN EVERYBODY COMES IN THAT", "40kkP0CmYF0-00038-00003166-00003349": "REUNION. >> WHEN EVERYBODY COMES IN THAT OPENING MORNING AND THERE'S,", "40kkP0CmYF0-00039-00003349-00003356": ">> WHEN EVERYBODY COMES IN THAT OPENING MORNING AND THERE'S,", "40kkP0CmYF0-00040-00003356-00003570": ">> WHEN EVERYBODY COMES IN THAT OPENING MORNING AND THERE'S, THERE'S A LOT OF GIVE AND TAKE,", "40kkP0CmYF0-00041-00003570-00003576": "OPENING MORNING AND THERE'S, THERE'S A LOT OF GIVE AND TAKE,", "40kkP0CmYF0-00042-00003576-00003700": "OPENING MORNING AND THERE'S, THERE'S A LOT OF GIVE AND TAKE, WHERE YOU'VE BEEN?", "40kkP0CmYF0-00043-00003700-00003707": "THERE'S A LOT OF GIVE AND TAKE, WHERE YOU'VE BEEN?", "40kkP0CmYF0-00044-00003707-00003770": "THERE'S A LOT OF GIVE AND TAKE, WHERE YOU'VE BEEN? HOUSE THINGS?", "40kkP0CmYF0-00045-00003770-00003777": "WHERE YOU'VE BEEN? HOUSE THINGS?", "40kkP0CmYF0-00046-00003777-00003913": "WHERE YOU'VE BEEN? HOUSE THINGS? AND THERE'S ALWAYS A LOT OF", "40kkP0CmYF0-00047-00003913-00003920": "HOUSE THINGS? AND THERE'S ALWAYS A LOT OF", "40kkP0CmYF0-00048-00003920-00003983": "HOUSE THINGS? AND THERE'S ALWAYS A LOT OF HUGS.", "40kkP0CmYF0-00049-00003983-00003990": "AND THERE'S ALWAYS A LOT OF HUGS.", "40kkP0CmYF0-00050-00003990-00004130": "AND THERE'S ALWAYS A LOT OF HUGS. AND IT'S LIKE A FAMILY REUNION", "40kkP0CmYF0-00051-00004130-00004137": "HUGS. AND IT'S LIKE A FAMILY REUNION", "40kkP0CmYF0-00052-00004137-00004244": "HUGS. AND IT'S LIKE A FAMILY REUNION FOR US, I GUESS.", "40kkP0CmYF0-00053-00004244-00004250": "AND IT'S LIKE A FAMILY REUNION FOR US, I GUESS.", "40kkP0CmYF0-00054-00004250-00004394": "AND IT'S LIKE A FAMILY REUNION FOR US, I GUESS. >>Dennis:  FOR MORE INFORMATION", "40kkP0CmYF0-00055-00004394-00004401": "FOR US, I GUESS. >>Dennis:  FOR MORE INFORMATION", "40kkP0CmYF0-00056-00004401-00004531": "FOR US, I GUESS. >>Dennis:  FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT FISHING HAS NO BOUNDARIES,"}}, {"audio_id": "40lkzB5vzSA", "text": {"40lkzB5vzSA-00000-00000208-00000544": "The Centre for Research Excellent in urban Aboriginal child health is a", "40lkzB5vzSA-00001-00000544-00000650": "partnership between", "40lkzB5vzSA-00002-00000650-00001053": "four Aboriginal medical services, a number of different research organisations", "40lkzB5vzSA-00003-00001053-00001112": "including;", "40lkzB5vzSA-00004-00001112-00001525": "the Australian National University and a number policy agencies.", "40lkzB5vzSA-00005-00001525-00001838": "It's actually a community initiated Centre", "40lkzB5vzSA-00006-00001838-00002184": "and identifies and it tries to address community initiated", "40lkzB5vzSA-00007-00002184-00002532": "priorities. So the main problem we were trying to address is really", "40lkzB5vzSA-00008-00002532-00002871": "those problems in urban Aboriginal child health, that are most common", "40lkzB5vzSA-00009-00002871-00003191": "and are causing the greatest difficulties.", "40lkzB5vzSA-00010-00003191-00003600": "So we followed over 1,600 children who are attending", "40lkzB5vzSA-00011-00003600-00003990": "the four participating Aboriginal medical services and we looked at the major", "40lkzB5vzSA-00012-00003990-00004132": "health problems that they had.", "40lkzB5vzSA-00013-00004132-00004478": "We found that problems with ear health and problems with speech and language were", "40lkzB5vzSA-00014-00004478-00004605": "among the most common.", "40lkzB5vzSA-00015-00004605-00004914": "Around 10% of the children had some sort of hearing impairment,", "40lkzB5vzSA-00016-00004914-00005271": "around a third had some sort of ear health problem and around half", "40lkzB5vzSA-00017-00005271-00005692": "had some sort of problem with speech and language. So we identified these problems as", "40lkzB5vzSA-00018-00005692-00005938": "very common.", "40lkzB5vzSA-00019-00005938-00006339": "So we use the framework of the Centre for Research Excellence to initiate the", "40lkzB5vzSA-00020-00006339-00006476": "HEALS project", "40lkzB5vzSA-00021-00006476-00006816": "and that involves the Sydney Children's hospital network,", "40lkzB5vzSA-00022-00006816-00007186": "the four participating additional medical services and additional health", "40lkzB5vzSA-00023-00007186-00007264": "services", "40lkzB5vzSA-00024-00007264-00007663": "and a network of coordinating centres and we also had", "40lkzB5vzSA-00025-00007663-00008098": "funding from NSW Health and the Commonweal. We identified", "40lkzB5vzSA-00026-00008098-00008361": "funding to provide services to these children", "40lkzB5vzSA-00027-00008361-00008747": "and through the official medical services we were able to deliver care", "40lkzB5vzSA-00028-00008747-00009133": "to, well, we were able to deliver over 6,000 occasions of care", "40lkzB5vzSA-00029-00009133-00009486": "in both ear health and speech and language.", "40lkzB5vzSA-00030-00009486-00009814": "So speech and language and ear health problems are really significant for", "40lkzB5vzSA-00031-00009814-00009880": "children", "40lkzB5vzSA-00032-00009880-00010272": "and one of the main reasons is that; not only it causes suffering in itself,", "40lkzB5vzSA-00033-00010272-00010644": "it’s at a time when the child is learning and building their future", "40lkzB5vzSA-00034-00010644-00011001": "and what we found through this provision of services was;", "40lkzB5vzSA-00035-00011001-00011466": "a lot of testaments from the children and their families, that they", "40lkzB5vzSA-00036-00011466-00011685": "could actually communicate much better, they could be", "40lkzB5vzSA-00037-00011685-00012072": "much better understood and they were able to participate more fully.", "40lkzB5vzSA-00038-00012072-00012386": "And also what we found was that sometimes some", "40lkzB5vzSA-00039-00012386-00012684": "behavioural issues that have been identified in the children were much", "40lkzB5vzSA-00040-00012684-00012784": "improved by", "40lkzB5vzSA-00041-00012784-00013122": "the child, actually being able to communicate more effectively. So", "40lkzB5vzSA-00042-00013122-00013476": "there seem to be a very positive effect both on the child but also on their", "40lkzB5vzSA-00043-00013476-00013801": "family and their ability to interact positively with their family."}}, {"audio_id": "40_wRpfL9zy", "text": {"40_wRpfL9zy-00000-00000426-00000643": "Most of this area here,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00001-00000775-00001046": "can’t be appreciated from", "40_wRpfL9zy-00002-00001046-00001227": "a point of truth,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00003-00001281-00001579": "meaning exactly  did they stand right here,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00004-00001579-00001739": "or sit right here,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00005-00001739-00001929": "and do the beatitudes?", "40_wRpfL9zy-00006-00002079-00002259": "They can only be", "40_wRpfL9zy-00007-00002260-00002523": "appreciated by how you feel,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00008-00002523-00002697": "what you sense about it", "40_wRpfL9zy-00009-00002697-00003106": "the experience you have in relationship to it.", "40_wRpfL9zy-00010-00003282-00003639": "So we often are hailing back  to something inside of us,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00011-00003761-00004056": "that is what we call spiritual.", "40_wRpfL9zy-00012-00004056-00004206": "Invisible,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00013-00004241-00004799": "we know it’s there because it seems to give  energy to everything we want it to give energy to.", "40_wRpfL9zy-00014-00004958-00005276": "When we come to  the perfected state inside of us", "40_wRpfL9zy-00015-00005276-00005489": "which isn’t going to be", "40_wRpfL9zy-00016-00005490-00005676": "readily seen out here", "40_wRpfL9zy-00017-00005850-00006233": "we’re going to find a whole lot  of tolerance for other people,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00018-00006358-00006545": "and in the states less than that,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00019-00006546-00006714": "there’s all sorts of judgments", "40_wRpfL9zy-00020-00006714-00007080": "calling it, \"The reason I’m judging you is cause I know perfectly what it is,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00021-00007080-00007313": "and I am perfect and so therefore I judge.\"", "40_wRpfL9zy-00022-00007313-00007477": "It’s a lie.", "40_wRpfL9zy-00023-00007559-00007721": "It just is.", "40_wRpfL9zy-00024-00007721-00007914": "When we back off from the judgments,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00025-00007914-00008290": "and we come to the place of honesty we say, \"That’s right it was, it wasn’t it.\"", "40_wRpfL9zy-00026-00008361-00008760": "When we come to those perfect states, when we come to just the loving of the heart,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00027-00008760-00008999": "and we look around at people,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00028-00008999-00009260": "and there’s nothing in the mind that says,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00029-00009260-00009777": "\"They’re judging me, or they’re thinking badly about me,\" or \"I’m not measuring up.\"", "40_wRpfL9zy-00030-00009818-00010106": "You look at them like  you’d look out over this lake,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00031-00010106-00010261": "this Sea of Galilee,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00032-00010346-00010563": "and you see the wind blow across it,", "40_wRpfL9zy-00033-00010652-00010830": "and that’s what you see."}}, {"audio_id": "40SLcydYg-A", "text": {"40SLcydYg-A-00000-00001298-00001582": "Welcome to ST Kids TV channel !", "40SLcydYg-A-00001-00001664-00002338": "Today, ST Clown show you how to make T-Rex Dinosaurs balloons Twist", "40SLcydYg-A-00002-00002338-00002576": "Let's Start with me !"}}, {"audio_id": "41pyMzAT5UA", "text": {"41pyMzAT5UA-00000-00000059-00000538": "So Brightspace is here and as an instructor, you are probably wondering: what benefit does", "41pyMzAT5UA-00001-00000538-00000711": "this new system have for me?", "41pyMzAT5UA-00002-00000711-00001036": "We will break it down into a few sections.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00003-00001036-00001283": "Let's start with adding content.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00004-00001283-00001757": "We know that students spend around 60% of their time with content, so it is important", "41pyMzAT5UA-00005-00001757-00002170": "that you as an instructor or teaching assistant can quickly add this.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00006-00002170-00002361": "What is meant by content?", "41pyMzAT5UA-00007-00002361-00002888": "These are materials such as lecture slides, notes, explanations, videos, readings, and", "41pyMzAT5UA-00008-00002888-00003075": "so on.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00009-00003075-00004013": "In Brightspace you are able to drag and drop these files and rearrange them.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00010-00004013-00004504": "New content can easily be copied and pasted from Word documents and these retain their", "41pyMzAT5UA-00011-00004504-00005261": "formatting, speeding up the time taken to create new materials on your course website.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00012-00005261-00005707": "There is seamless mathematical and technical authoring with LaTeX in Brightspace.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00013-00005707-00006314": "And, if you are using video or large attachments, these can be uploaded and used right within", "41pyMzAT5UA-00014-00006314-00006526": "the Brightspace environment.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00015-00006526-00006938": "You have a large storage capacity in your course folder, so you can be creative with", "41pyMzAT5UA-00016-00006938-00007532": "the types of content and the amount of content you want students to use in your site.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00017-00007532-00007936": "Once you have this content in your site, have you thought of ever using release conditions,", "41pyMzAT5UA-00018-00007936-00008359": "to create an interesting learning path, or learning paths, for various students in your", "41pyMzAT5UA-00019-00008359-00008492": "course?", "41pyMzAT5UA-00020-00008492-00008964": "Release conditions allow you to open up materials at different times, for different students,", "41pyMzAT5UA-00021-00008964-00009213": "depending on prior conditions being met.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00022-00009213-00009663": "There are some other interesting types of content that you may have never considered", "41pyMzAT5UA-00023-00009663-00009835": "using before.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00024-00009835-00010315": "What about adding a checklist to your course, or using the integrated Brightspace survey", "41pyMzAT5UA-00025-00010315-00010646": "tool, rather than an external survey?", "41pyMzAT5UA-00026-00010646-00011125": "You can create quizzes and combine them next to the course materials, so students can quickly", "41pyMzAT5UA-00027-00011125-00011718": "check their knowledge, before moving on.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00028-00011718-00012170": "The next broad section of improvement in Brightspace is around communication.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00029-00012170-00012710": "It is very easy to create announcements in your site and these can be sent as notifications", "41pyMzAT5UA-00030-00012710-00012810": "to your students.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00031-00012810-00013399": "Students are also informed via a notification that there is new content being added, or", "41pyMzAT5UA-00032-00013399-00013795": "that a new grade for a piece of work has been released.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00033-00013795-00014290": "There is a whole series of videos on our support website around communication with students,", "41pyMzAT5UA-00034-00014290-00014830": "and understanding the various ways you can do that in Brightspace.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00035-00014830-00015294": "The last major section of improvements are around the administration of your course.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00036-00015294-00015909": "Brightspace has a flexible and powerful gradebook, any grades from assignments, quizzes, attendance,", "41pyMzAT5UA-00037-00015909-00016340": "and other pieces of work can be integrated and shown to your students.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00038-00016340-00016796": "This gives them an understanding of their progress in your course.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00039-00016796-00017676": "This gradebook can also be exported to, and imported from, CSV and Excel files.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00040-00017676-00018159": "For you as an instructor or teaching assistant, there is the grading tool built into Brightspace.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00041-00018159-00018362": "Or you could use an app to assist you.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00042-00018362-00018903": "If you prefer to grade offline, you can also easily download all the uploaded work from", "41pyMzAT5UA-00043-00018903-00019831": "your students, grade those, add comments, upload the files back again, and in an automated", "41pyMzAT5UA-00044-00019831-00020320": "way, those files are distributed back to the students where they can receive their feedback", "41pyMzAT5UA-00045-00020320-00020440": "from you.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00046-00020440-00020968": "It is easy in Brightspace to monitor the progress of your class, at a glance, and there are", "41pyMzAT5UA-00047-00020968-00021268": "also learning analytics tools available.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00048-00021268-00021679": "Please look at the Class Progress tool to see how you can keep track of the progress", "41pyMzAT5UA-00049-00021679-00022340": "of your students and intervene before potential problems occur.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00050-00022340-00022928": "Another area of administration is around groups for various purposes, whether it is for labs,", "41pyMzAT5UA-00051-00022928-00023204": "projects, workshops or assignments.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00052-00023204-00023790": "And you are able to create groups where students can self-select and change their enrollment,", "41pyMzAT5UA-00053-00023790-00024115": "or you manually allocate the groups yourself.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00054-00024115-00024537": "So feel free to browse around the rest of Brightspace to discover various improvements", "41pyMzAT5UA-00055-00024537-00024815": "you can use to make your course better.", "41pyMzAT5UA-00056-00024815-00025296": "And always remember, we are here to assist you at the Brightspace support website, and", "41pyMzAT5UA-00057-00025296-00025733": "various training options are available to you, your colleagues, and your teaching assistants."}}, {"audio_id": "423Tmulsd-0", "text": {"423Tmulsd-0-00000-00000630-00002052": "SINGER: [National Anthem]", "423Tmulsd-0-00001-00002112-00002408": "GOV BAKER: Hi, Charlie Baker. Nice to see you.", "423Tmulsd-0-00002-00002464-00002850": "GOV BAKER: ...Carrying it, through the wall, into the forest…", "423Tmulsd-0-00003-00002869-00003253": "FRANCISCO UREÑA: Let’s reach out to them. Thanking a veteran is great, but let’s think", "423Tmulsd-0-00004-00003253-00003612": "what else we could do for that veteran when he or she comes back to our community. Engage", "423Tmulsd-0-00005-00003612-00004137": "them. Say, “what can I do for you, young man or young lady? What’s your next chapter", "423Tmulsd-0-00006-00004137-00004599": "in life? How can I open a door? How can I make an introduction to the Chamber of Commerce,", "423Tmulsd-0-00007-00004599-00004989": "to their one-stop workplace, to the school in the community? Don’t let them walk that", "423Tmulsd-0-00008-00004989-00005517": "path alone. We, veterans and non-veterans alike, know our communities better than nobody", "423Tmulsd-0-00009-00005518-00006102": "else, and it is our job to ensure that we give our veterans an equal opportunity", "423Tmulsd-0-00010-00006110-00006190": "to succeed.", "423Tmulsd-0-00011-00006244-00006673": "GOV BAKER: Good afternoon, everybody. We’re here to enforce our priority to coordinate", "423Tmulsd-0-00012-00006673-00007172": "and increase diversity and inclusion within state government. The Massachusetts economy", "423Tmulsd-0-00013-00007172-00007652": "is growing, but it’s clear that not all communities are seeing the same degree of", "423Tmulsd-0-00014-00007652-00008159": "benefits and opportunities. And there’s room for state government to improve in both", "423Tmulsd-0-00015-00008159-00008772": "employment and procurement practices, to promote diversity and include more women and minorities,", "423Tmulsd-0-00016-00008772-00009022": "veterans, and individuals with disabilities.", "423Tmulsd-0-00017-00009116-00009326": "GOV BAKER: We’ve tried to live up to some of the commitments we made during the course", "423Tmulsd-0-00018-00009326-00009802": "of that campaign, and one of them was that we were going to pick, sort of… best ideas,", "423Tmulsd-0-00019-00009802-00010104": "we weren’t going to care where they came from, and that we were going to be bipartisan", "423Tmulsd-0-00020-00010104-00010643": "in our approach to governing. And if you look at the folks we’ve brought in, for example,", "423Tmulsd-0-00021-00010643-00011067": "to serve in our cabinet, it’s pretty much an even split between Democrats, Republicans, and", "423Tmulsd-0-00022-00011067-00011095": "Independents.", "423Tmulsd-0-00023-00011095-00011643": "GOV BAKER: Get out and support some of your local retailers, hospitality organizations,", "423Tmulsd-0-00024-00011643-00012435": "and restaurants. These are places where, if no one shows up and no one buys anything,", "423Tmulsd-0-00025-00012436-00013391": "no one gets paid. And this has really been a terrible month for all of our Main Street", "423Tmulsd-0-00026-00013393-00014027": "retail, hospitality, and restaurant businesses. I would urge people to get out there and love", "423Tmulsd-0-00027-00014027-00014574": "their Main Street businesses because they are really suffering through this.", "423Tmulsd-0-00028-00014574-00015070": "SECRETARY SUDDERS: As we all know, opioid addiction is an epidemic. We need to label", "423Tmulsd-0-00029-00015070-00015726": "it, we need to contain it, we need to address it. In Massachusetts, it’s impacting individuals,", "423Tmulsd-0-00030-00015726-00016201": "our families, our neighbors, and our friends across the Commonwealth. What I’m going", "423Tmulsd-0-00031-00016201-00016748": "to tell you about the Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is he cares deeply about", "423Tmulsd-0-00032-00016748-00017410": "people. He has a huge heart, and for him, it is always about people, which was why it", "423Tmulsd-0-00033-00017410-00017709": "was a privilege for me to come back to the Commonwealth to be his Secretary.", "423Tmulsd-0-00034-00017709-00018273": "GOV BAKER: With respect to this initiative, the Secretary already mentioned that one of", "423Tmulsd-0-00035-00018273-00018576": "the things we’re going to do is we’re going to make a lot of the data we collect", "423Tmulsd-0-00036-00018576-00018995": "publicly available. There’s a lot of information that the Department of Public Health collects", "423Tmulsd-0-00037-00018995-00019455": "on a lot of things, and a lot of it would actually be pretty interesting if it found", "423Tmulsd-0-00038-00019455-00020043": "its way into the public domain. One of the things Monica and Mary Lou and I have talked", "423Tmulsd-0-00039-00020043-00020585": "about is being a lot more aggressive about taking the data that DPH has that can inform", "423Tmulsd-0-00040-00020585-00021099": "a lot of public conversations and public discussions and making it more available to the public.", "423Tmulsd-0-00041-00021099-00021674": "We’re going to start producing data around overdoses on a quarterly basis, and eventually,", "423Tmulsd-0-00042-00021674-00022095": "hopefully, on a monthly basis. It’ll be county by county at first, and ultimately", "423Tmulsd-0-00043-00022095-00022423": "the goal is to literally be able to do it community by community, which will help people", "423Tmulsd-0-00044-00022423-00022863": "develop a much better understanding about what’s really going on community by community", "423Tmulsd-0-00045-00022863-00023376": "around our Commonwealth so that we can start making better decisions with respect to how", "423Tmulsd-0-00046-00023376-00023760": "we allocate resources, time, energy, effort, and all the rest.", "423Tmulsd-0-00047-00023814-00024364": "GOV BAKER: But in order to fix the problems at the MBTA, they must first be diagnosed.", "423Tmulsd-0-00048-00024365-00024902": "This group behind me of national leaders in transportation, infrastructure, and urban", "423Tmulsd-0-00049-00024902-00025736": "planning represent an advisory council that we’ve put together to spend the next plus", "423Tmulsd-0-00050-00025736-00026414": "or minus 30 days, we’re giving them until the end of March, to advise us on the current", "423Tmulsd-0-00051-00026414-00026866": "state of MBTA finances, operations, and governance."}}, {"audio_id": "429k_b62d6E", "text": {"429k_b62d6E-00000-00000076-00000914": "Welcome everyone to follow today's webinar on storing sensitive research data.", "429k_b62d6E-00001-00000914-00001249": "So now to today's topics.", "429k_b62d6E-00002-00001249-00002230": "We will talk about how the security of your data should be taken care of when you are dealing with confidential or sensitive data.", "429k_b62d6E-00003-00002230-00003041": "How to classify your research data, so that you can separate and know which is confidential and which is not?", "429k_b62d6E-00004-00003041-00003404": "What do we mean by sensitive personal data?", "429k_b62d6E-00005-00003404-00004301": "And then, with examples from Aalto University, which services are safe to use with confidential or personal data?", "429k_b62d6E-00006-00004301-00005157": "Then we go through with cases and examples. How can you collaborate and work with confidential data, keeping it secure?", "429k_b62d6E-00007-00005157-00006349": "And also, if you have something very sensitive called secret data, what kind of services or tools could you use in that case?", "429k_b62d6E-00008-00006349-00006616": "And we hope that after this webinar, -", "429k_b62d6E-00009-00006616-00008063": "- you will know more about data classification, what services are available and how you can work safely with your confidential data.", "429k_b62d6E-00010-00008063-00009386": "So the first main consideration when working with confidential data is that all these technologies and systems give you just a good start.", "429k_b62d6E-00011-00009386-00009857": "But the defining factor is actually the people who work with the data.", "429k_b62d6E-00012-00009857-00010972": "They have to know how to handle data with care and how to keep the data confidential.", "429k_b62d6E-00013-00010972-00012078": "So first, briefly, some best practices and tips, how you can take good care of your data and manage it well.", "429k_b62d6E-00014-00012078-00013046": "From a security point of view, we have technology to prevent unauthorized access or data leaks and keeping your data safe and just for you.", "429k_b62d6E-00015-00013046-00013781": "But so that you can actually keep the data accessible to the persons who need to get it -", "429k_b62d6E-00016-00013781-00014605": "- and avoid any accidental loss of data or avoid unwanted changes, you should also manage your data well.", "429k_b62d6E-00017-00014605-00015213": "So for the basics, so that you can find your files and access them, -", "429k_b62d6E-00018-00015213-00015768": "- organize your data well and ensure that the files are shared with the group, -", "429k_b62d6E-00019-00015768-00016213": "- and only to the group that is supposed to get the confidential data.", "429k_b62d6E-00020-00016213-00016607": "So that everyone will have the access to the data and continue to have it.", "429k_b62d6E-00021-00016607-00017559": "And when people go, they will also lose their access to the data, but those who stay can still access the data.", "429k_b62d6E-00022-00017559-00018342": "So data should be shared within your group, and confidential data only within the group that is supposed to work with it.", "429k_b62d6E-00023-00018342-00019357": "You should also use such logical file names and folder scheme that everyone can make sense of the data.", "429k_b62d6E-00024-00019357-00020506": "Also, if you're using something like USB drive and you happen to lose it, let's say it gets lost in a metro in your personal laptop.", "429k_b62d6E-00025-00020506-00021097": "You should avoid this scenario and instead use some storage which have automatic backups.", "429k_b62d6E-00026-00021097-00021907": "And if there's any confidential data on a USB drive, you should protect it with strong encryption.", "429k_b62d6E-00027-00021907-00022291": "If it's not encrypted, it might even be a data breach.", "429k_b62d6E-00028-00022291-00023116": "In that case, just contact security@aalto.fi and they will always help you.", "429k_b62d6E-00029-00023116-00024067": "They know what to do in case of possible personal data breach and to avoid any further damage.", "429k_b62d6E-00030-00024067-00025041": "It's always best to just contact them and get some help. So don't panic.", "429k_b62d6E-00031-00025041-00025962": "And about about having several versions of the files, it's good to clean up intermediate data and archive the data to keep.", "429k_b62d6E-00032-00025962-00026397": "And of course, also the principle for personal data is the minimization.", "429k_b62d6E-00033-00026397-00027333": "So you shouldn't have just a bunch of intermediate data with confidential data lying around that is actually not needed anymore.", "429k_b62d6E-00034-00027333-00027822": "So it's better to keep the data and your folder tidy -", "429k_b62d6E-00035-00027822-00028806": "- in that sense that you will have the relevant data there as long as it is supposed to be used and is useful.", "429k_b62d6E-00036-00028806-00030058": "More about these good data management principles were given at an introductory lecture of this series. You can watch the recording of that.", "429k_b62d6E-00037-00030058-00030791": "Then about the principles: how do you classify research data? Which data is confidential and which is not?", "429k_b62d6E-00038-00030791-00031685": "There are different principles by organizations, and it begins with the legislation.", "429k_b62d6E-00039-00031685-00032372": "There's the European wide legislation, the General Data Protection Regulation GDPR.", "429k_b62d6E-00040-00032372-00033361": "Then there are our normal ways of research ethics, the world wide principles for that.", "429k_b62d6E-00041-00033361-00034201": "And there might be separate agreements with your partners, the data owners, commercial interests, and your organization guidelines.", "429k_b62d6E-00042-00034201-00034531": "So you can look for the guidelines for your own organization.", "429k_b62d6E-00043-00034531-00035287": "And here is an example from Aalto University. We follow the principle \"as open as possible, as closed as necessary\".", "429k_b62d6E-00044-00035287-00035990": "So for any research data that cannot be open, there's a reason for it. It has to be closed.", "429k_b62d6E-00045-00035990-00036725": "And, for example, in Aalto University, we have four levels to classify the research data.", "429k_b62d6E-00046-00036725-00037690": "It may be public. So it's practical data that doesn't hurt anybody or there's no interest if it gets revealed.", "429k_b62d6E-00047-00037690-00038129": "But it doesn't have to be published openly.", "429k_b62d6E-00048-00038129-00039182": "And then another level is internal, which is meant for Aalto University people: our students, our researchers, our affiliate researchers and so on.", "429k_b62d6E-00049-00039182-00040408": "So these are typically some drafts, meeting memos, internal training material, emails, this kind of ordinary work documents and files.", "429k_b62d6E-00050-00040408-00041159": "Confidential data is basically something that has to be restricted only to certain people, who need the data in their work.", "429k_b62d6E-00051-00041159-00042044": "So there's a sort of long list of names and persons who only are supposed to get access to the data.", "429k_b62d6E-00052-00042044-00042969": "And we classify the personal data of research subjects to be one of those. And then, for example, the trade secrets of research partners.", "429k_b62d6E-00053-00042969-00043937": "And then the last level is \"secret\". It's the data that would cause major damage if it got disclosed.", "429k_b62d6E-00054-00043937-00044679": "So, for example, patient records and health records are considered to be in this class.", "429k_b62d6E-00055-00044679-00045688": "And to have a further look at the \"confidential\" and \"secret\" classification categories we'll be talking about today, some examples.", "429k_b62d6E-00056-00045688-00046497": "What we could say is confidential would be something like an invention disclosure before filing the patent application, -", "429k_b62d6E-00057-00046497-00047559": "- or perhaps some research data that might have some commercialization potential and that might lead to this kind of an invention.", "429k_b62d6E-00058-00047559-00048072": "That is something that you can keep confidential.", "429k_b62d6E-00059-00048072-00049039": "Or if you have research partners that have assigned that this is a trade secret for a company, and those kind of data, -", "429k_b62d6E-00060-00049039-00049902": "-  of which they can say that \" OK, this is confidential to us\", then we will also handle it confidentially when doing the research.", "429k_b62d6E-00061-00049902-00050655": "Or if you have directly identifiable personal data of research subjects, that's of course confidential.", "429k_b62d6E-00062-00050655-00051446": "And also indirect identifiers when it's easy to identify the person.", "429k_b62d6E-00063-00051446-00052494": "And, for example, details of security arrangements of information systems and this kind of technical specifications might belong to this category.", "429k_b62d6E-00064-00052494-00053177": "Then, when the data is secret? It's usual for health data, patient records or -", "429k_b62d6E-00065-00053177-00053854": "- some other sensitive personal data that might result in major damage when it is disclosed.", "429k_b62d6E-00066-00053854-00054832": "All the security, the physical security arrangements and details for persons or buildings, and also dual-use technologies, might fall under this category.", "429k_b62d6E-00067-00054832-00055849": "The distinction between what is secret and what is confidential is a little bit case dependent and these were some main categories that are easy to say.", "429k_b62d6E-00068-00055849-00056521": "But the point is to balance the risk of disclosure and the security measures that you need.", "429k_b62d6E-00069-00056521-00057028": "Like, what is the value of the data if it's leaked outside?", "429k_b62d6E-00070-00057028-00057971": "And what is the damage? If the damage is great, you will need more security measures and you should handle the data as secret.", "429k_b62d6E-00071-00057971-00059062": "Or if the damage is not that bad, the security level of \"confidential\" will be sufficient.", "429k_b62d6E-00072-00059062-00059548": "This classification might also change over time.", "429k_b62d6E-00073-00059548-00060190": "So, for example, you can keep the research data confidential until you publish an article about it.", "429k_b62d6E-00074-00060190-00060857": "Perhaps you publish the research data alongside with that article, at the same time, for example.", "429k_b62d6E-00075-00060857-00061750": "Being the first to publish a discovery is a good reason to keep the data confidential until your article is out.", "429k_b62d6E-00076-00061750-00062832": "But the question between confidential and secret, is very often about a risk analysis.", "429k_b62d6E-00077-00062832-00063894": "What is the risk of losing or leaking the data? You can make your decision on the classification based on that.", "429k_b62d6E-00078-00063894-00065021": "One special category handled by the legislation is sensitive personal data.", "429k_b62d6E-00079-00065021-00065990": "For example, the General Data Protection Regulation defines the special categories and set of special rules on how to handle those.", "429k_b62d6E-00080-00065990-00066798": "Those include things like racial or ethnic origin, religious beliefs and data concerning health.", "429k_b62d6E-00081-00066798-00067994": "There's a large number of these, for example when we're dealing with the health and wellbeing research sector.", "429k_b62d6E-00082-00067994-00069174": "Also, in Finland, data related to criminal records, social security number and bank account details are considered to be personal data.", "429k_b62d6E-00083-00069174-00069570": "This data has to be kept secret if you get it.", "429k_b62d6E-00084-00069570-00070557": "So what you should do when dealing with this data is trying to use the pseudonymization as much as possible as it will mitigate many risks here.", "429k_b62d6E-00085-00070557-00071001": "And if there's data that you can't pseudonymize, for example, you have interview videos, -", "429k_b62d6E-00086-00071001-00072033": "- or people's names are mentioned during an interview, or that kind of data, then you should encrypt it and keep it safe.", "429k_b62d6E-00087-00072033-00073393": "So for this special category, personal data, the founding principle in legislation is that the data subject itself can choose to publish -", "429k_b62d6E-00088-00073393-00074015": "- or reveal these kind of details about his health, religious beliefs and so on.", "429k_b62d6E-00089-00074015-00074764": "But it's not up to researcher to do that. So that's why we are going to keep it secret.", "429k_b62d6E-00090-00074764-00075754": "And if there is a need to publish this kind of data, you should first anonymize the sensitive data.", "429k_b62d6E-00091-00075754-00076479": "There's a separate webinar on how you can do the data anonymization.", "429k_b62d6E-00092-00076479-00076969": "You can also also look for help from the organization there.", "429k_b62d6E-00093-00076969-00077836": "And our legal services can, for example, help if you have a project in mind where you would deal with sensitive personal data and -", "429k_b62d6E-00094-00077836-00078391": "- you would possibly like to publish some parts where you cannot anonymize the person totally.", "429k_b62d6E-00095-00078391-00079515": "For example, some special interviews or videos with some special expert that should be named. Or an artist, for example.", "429k_b62d6E-00096-00079515-00080241": "So there might be cases where you have this conflict that you should publish some of the personal data, but it might really be somebody sensitive.", "429k_b62d6E-00097-00080241-00081192": "So make a plan for that in advance and talk with the legal services, -", "429k_b62d6E-00098-00081192-00082337": "- so that you can work so that it is safe, secure and legal for everyone.", "429k_b62d6E-00099-00082337-00083350": "Then a few examples of the IT services we have at Aalto University, that you can use for confidential and secret data.", "429k_b62d6E-00100-00083350-00084139": "This is the current list we have, and we're being always evaluating the services.", "429k_b62d6E-00101-00084139-00085199": "There might be new additions or there might be some new restrictions if you learn new things about these services.", "429k_b62d6E-00102-00085199-00086015": "For storing data, we have internal systems, like Teamwork or Secwork for secret data.", "429k_b62d6E-00103-00086015-00087321": "And there are cloud services such as Eduuni, Microsoft Teams, OneDrive for Business, that you can use under certain conditions for confidential data.", "429k_b62d6E-00104-00087321-00087933": "And for secret data, you can also use CSC Sensitive Data Services.", "429k_b62d6E-00105-00087933-00089329": "There's a link on the slide you can look at. IT service's cybersecurity team maintains a list of approved IT services that you can use with confidential or secret data.", "429k_b62d6E-00106-00089329-00090485": "There you can look for other services and possible restrictions, under which conditions you can use those services.", "429k_b62d6E-00107-00090485-00091504": "For secret data you very often have to use some encryption tools. And there might be a need for some custom solutions.", "429k_b62d6E-00108-00091504-00092223": "You can contact security@aalto.fi to discuss those with the cyber security team.", "429k_b62d6E-00109-00092223-00092985": "And at Aalto we will also build a research environment for secret data, for example, -", "429k_b62d6E-00110-00092985-00093857": "- Findata compliant and audited, so that we can use health registry data in that environment as well.", "429k_b62d6E-00111-00093857-00094807": "And for archiving and publishing this kind of data, there are special services, for example, Elixir, biobanks, -", "429k_b62d6E-00112-00094807-00096048": "- and even the data archive FSD may accept some special data. They will require anonymization but they can also help with that.", "429k_b62d6E-00113-00096048-00097329": "This archive is good to contact in advance if you have in mind archiving something confidential there.", "429k_b62d6E-00114-00097329-00098068": "But we have services for those. Next we will go through some case examples.", "429k_b62d6E-00115-00098068-00098904": "So we can look at the different cases and what kind of services would be good there.", "429k_b62d6E-00116-00098904-00099784": "So at this point, I will invite Dan to introduce our first example.", "429k_b62d6E-00117-00099784-00100731": "(Dan) Okay, so this is our first case where we have a new research project in our group and we are going to be working with confidential and personal data.", "429k_b62d6E-00118-00100731-00101331": "So what would be the best way to store and work with it in Aalto?", "429k_b62d6E-00119-00101331-00101851": "(Ilari) If your research group has only people from Aalto University, -", "429k_b62d6E-00120-00101851-00102709": "- then we could have this Aalto Network folder for you and restrict the access to your project group.", "429k_b62d6E-00121-00102709-00103091": "(Dan) Yes, everyone is working in Aalto, or at least they are students in Aalto, -", "429k_b62d6E-00122-00103091-00103804": "- but we also have a couple of people who are theses workers and they do not have access to Aalto workstations. So how could they work with the data?", "429k_b62d6E-00123-00103804-00104660": "(Ilari) OK, because the data is confidential, they can not use their own personal devices, -", "429k_b62d6E-00124-00104660-00105191": "- as IT services and the Aalto University can't guarantee the security of the personal devices.", "429k_b62d6E-00125-00105191-00106043": "Therefore they would either need an Aalto laptop from the department if there's one that they could use, -", "429k_b62d6E-00126-00106043-00107108": "- or they could use the VDI service so that they can securely connect with their own device or laptop to the VDI service and -", "429k_b62d6E-00127-00107108-00108074": "- use an Aalto workstation through that VDI service. They will get the Aalto workstation and all the software and data connections available there.", "429k_b62d6E-00128-00108074-00108608": "So in that case the data handling is actually done at the Aalto servers.", "429k_b62d6E-00129-00108608-00109914": "They will only see the data through their screen and keyboard. So that's a safe way to use confidential data, even with a personal laptop.", "429k_b62d6E-00130-00109914-00110542": "(Dan) OK, that would be case one solved.", "429k_b62d6E-00131-00110542-00111151": "In the case two, our project is working with a Finnish company, developing a new innovative technology.", "429k_b62d6E-00132-00111151-00111860": "The technology and the data it produces is still very confidential, and we have a contract enforcing this.", "429k_b62d6E-00133-00111860-00112704": "The dataset is several hundreds of gigabytes in size. Where can it be stored and shared with the members from the company?", "429k_b62d6E-00134-00112704-00113534": "(Ilari) Well, you need some collaboration tool to work with the company and you have a large dataset.", "429k_b62d6E-00135-00113534-00114809": "I would recommend that you will look together with the company at the possibility if Aalto's Microsoft OneDrive could be an option that could be agreed by both parties.", "429k_b62d6E-00136-00114809-00115923": "So if the company agrees to hold their data there, and from Aalto's side that would be OK as well.", "429k_b62d6E-00137-00115923-00116931": "You just have to restrict the access to the project group members only and then check that you are not going to share the data with open links.", "429k_b62d6E-00138-00116931-00117825": "You will only use links that work with the people with existing access, or you will have a direct access only.", "429k_b62d6E-00139-00117825-00118809": "Because open links might reveal the data to third parties if there's a link that anyone can click and use.", "429k_b62d6E-00140-00118809-00119419": "(Dan) OK, this should work for our case two.", "429k_b62d6E-00141-00119419-00120101": "Then we have case three, where we are coordinators in a multinational EU project with confidential data -", "429k_b62d6E-00142-00120101-00120779": "- and at least some administrative data that needs to be stored somewhere where all partners can have their own section of data.", "429k_b62d6E-00143-00120779-00121148": "And some of the data needs to be shared between all of the partners.", "429k_b62d6E-00144-00121148-00122059": "So what would be the best service for storing and sharing the confidential administrative data, which is not so large in size?", "429k_b62d6E-00145-00122059-00123622": "(Ilari) I would recommend here the Eduuni workspace. That's a good platform based on Microsoft Sharepoint  and it's run at the CSC Data Center in Kajaani.", "429k_b62d6E-00146-00123622-00124021": "There's a special login method called Eduuni ID.", "429k_b62d6E-00147-00124021-00125155": "You can use it to sign in with very many large global providers and even the university account -", "429k_b62d6E-00148-00125155-00125614": "- from all over the Europe, or even the word. So it's very easy to get login access.", "429k_b62d6E-00149-00125614-00126073": "No need to register for a new service for that.", "429k_b62d6E-00150-00126073-00126876": "And even even if your partners don't have Microsoft license, Microsoft Teams could now be used.", "429k_b62d6E-00151-00126876-00127515": "This is easily accessible to very large number of people.", "429k_b62d6E-00152-00127515-00128351": "And if you have only administrative data that won't be many gigabytes in total, -", "429k_b62d6E-00153-00128351-00128805": "- then the capacity would also be enough because the capacity of Eduuni is rather limited.", "429k_b62d6E-00154-00128805-00129485": "So you can't store large datasets there. But with this kind of approach, I think that would serve you well, -", "429k_b62d6E-00155-00129485-00130624": "- and you can also organize the data access and access management between the partners in flexible ways.", "429k_b62d6E-00156-00130624-00131264": "(Dan) OK, so maybe that was case three solved.", "429k_b62d6E-00157-00131264-00132934": "(Ilari) Very good. I now ask you to continue about secret data cases and the services we have for them.", "429k_b62d6E-00158-00132934-00133873": "(Dan) So, secret cases and services with secret data.", "429k_b62d6E-00159-00133873-00134503": "When handling secret data, the tools and services are evaluated by case-by-case principle, -", "429k_b62d6E-00160-00134503-00135308": "- because all tools and services are not directly approved for use in all cases. But, they can be part of the solution in most cases.", "429k_b62d6E-00161-00135308-00135793": "So, at first, we have some encryption tools, which we are using in Aalto.", "429k_b62d6E-00162-00135793-00136301": "These examples are from Aalto, so they might be different in other organizations.", "429k_b62d6E-00163-00136301-00137114": "Using encryption tools in general raises the security when storing data because it may also allow use of cloud services -", "429k_b62d6E-00164-00137114-00137958": "- in cases where it wouldn't be allowed without encryption, and that might be a good and ideal way of working.", "429k_b62d6E-00165-00137958-00138747": "Always use strong encryption and strong password. Strong password often means that it's long and difficult to remember.", "429k_b62d6E-00166-00138747-00139837": "It could be, for example, at least 12 characters, including upper and lower case letters, numbers and special symbols, before considered strong.", "429k_b62d6E-00167-00139837-00140442": "It should not include personal information that could be guessed somehow.", "429k_b62d6E-00168-00140442-00141467": "Then, minimize and pseudonymize sensitive personal data. The direct identifiers can be encrypted to reduce the risks. That's one use for it.", "429k_b62d6E-00169-00141467-00142277": "We have a couple of links to guides with more information on encrypting in Aalto web services.", "429k_b62d6E-00170-00142277-00142630": "And we have some examples of tools we use in Aalto.", "429k_b62d6E-00171-00142630-00143449": "We have Funet Filesender, which is a file-sharing service with built-in end-to-end encryption, which is done in the browser, -", "429k_b62d6E-00172-00143449-00144108": "- in the client's computer. So the data does not leave your computer before being encrypted.", "429k_b62d6E-00173-00144108-00144984": "And we have 7-zip. It's used to compress and encrypt also bigger data sets containing a large number of files, into a package.", "429k_b62d6E-00174-00144984-00145671": "And we have VeraCrypt, which works as an encrypted virtual disk where the files are stored.", "429k_b62d6E-00175-00145671-00146500": "Unlike other tools, it makes it possible to save directly to the encrypted disk without storing the files anywhere else in unencrypted form first.", "429k_b62d6E-00176-00146500-00147284": "Microsoft Office nowadays has strong encryption for its files, so it's a very convenient way for those.", "429k_b62d6E-00177-00147284-00148022": "And last but not least, we have PGP, which provides strong encryption, but it's to more advanced use.", "429k_b62d6E-00178-00148022-00148891": "We also have secure e-mail for secure email messages and attachments.", "429k_b62d6E-00179-00148891-00149797": "Then we have more cases again, this time more considering encryption and secret data.", "429k_b62d6E-00180-00149797-00150400": "So, case four. We are doing some cooperation with a Finnish Partner University.", "429k_b62d6E-00181-00150400-00150797": "They conduct a survey and then transfer the data to Aalto for analysis.", "429k_b62d6E-00182-00150797-00151516": "So, how should we transfer the data to Aalto and back and where should we store it during the analysis?", "429k_b62d6E-00183-00151516-00152326": "(Ilari) OK. Is your dataset confidential or sensitive? What kind of data are you having?", "429k_b62d6E-00184-00152326-00153283": "(Dan) Yes, it contains sensitive personal data and it contains questions of ethnicity and religion.", "429k_b62d6E-00185-00153283-00153796": "So it's pseudonymized so that individual persons cannot be recognized.", "429k_b62d6E-00186-00153796-00154421": "(Ilari) OK. You should encrypt the data during the transfer.", "429k_b62d6E-00187-00154421-00154960": "Then you can transfer it safely from a partner to another.", "429k_b62d6E-00188-00154960-00155755": "And for doing encryption, I would recommend using the Funet Filesender as it has built-in end-to-end encryption option.", "429k_b62d6E-00189-00155755-00156718": "You can just upload your files, click encrypt, give a strong password and then the data will be transferred in encrypted form from end to end.", "429k_b62d6E-00190-00156718-00157546": "And then you just share the password with your partner. For example, using an SMS message or other media.", "429k_b62d6E-00191-00157546-00158386": "And then you can move the data and the results safely between the two universities.", "429k_b62d6E-00192-00158386-00159181": "And then here at Aalto, if it's sensitive personal data and the persons might be identifiable, -", "429k_b62d6E-00193-00159181-00161283": "- then you could ask the security team for a Secwork folder, so that you can store the data in a secure network folder at Aalto and do your analysis there.", "429k_b62d6E-00194-00161283-00161451": "(Dan) That should work in our case.", "429k_b62d6E-00195-00161451-00162168": "Then we still have the case five, where we are conducting some interviews and we need to store the audio and video data somewhere.", "429k_b62d6E-00196-00162168-00162821": "The interview reveals health data of the subjects. So how could we store it?", "429k_b62d6E-00197-00162821-00163886": "(Ilari) Well, if you have videos to store, revealing health data, it's not that easy to pseudonymize them as the face and voice will be visible.", "429k_b62d6E-00198-00163886-00164236": "So that means that you will have to encrypt videos.", "429k_b62d6E-00199-00164236-00164887": "And if you have a bunch of files to encrypt, I think the Veracrypt volume would be the easiest way to go, -", "429k_b62d6E-00200-00164887-00165792": "- as you can set up one volume that encrypts every file and folder that is saved within it.", "429k_b62d6E-00201-00165792-00166074": "(Dan) Actually using Veracrypt is a bit difficult.", "429k_b62d6E-00202-00166074-00166904": "So would it be possible, if we can pseudonymize some data, to use it also without Veracrypt in some way?", "429k_b62d6E-00203-00166904-00167580": "(Ilari) Yes, in that case, I would try to pseudonymize the data, for example, -", "429k_b62d6E-00204-00167580-00168200": "- making a transcription of the videos and replacing all the names and direct identifiers.", "429k_b62d6E-00205-00168200-00169100": "And then you could possibly work with Teamwork or something if you have only pseudonymized data that doesn't reveal any sensitive things.", "429k_b62d6E-00206-00169100-00170250": "Or if it's still sensitive and secret, then you could ask for a Secwork to continue with your research and analysis.", "429k_b62d6E-00207-00170250-00171049": "And in that case, it would be sufficient to encrypt the original video files.", "429k_b62d6E-00208-00171049-00171925": "(Dan) OK, that would be a good way to do it. Then we can go on to the next slide where we have something on our Secwork storage.", "429k_b62d6E-00209-00171925-00172426": "So the Secwork is Aalto's internal secure data storage for sensitive data.", "429k_b62d6E-00210-00172426-00173125": "It offers in-house storage with strict access control and strong encryption.", "429k_b62d6E-00211-00173125-00174028": "It also offers automatic monitoring of logs to expose anyone tampering with the data. And the data is encrypted at rest in the storage system itself.", "429k_b62d6E-00212-00174028-00174700": "It can be accessed through a VPN from outside the campus, which requires the users to have Aalto account.", "429k_b62d6E-00213-00174700-00175066": "External access can be provided through Aalto visitor account, so it's possible, -", "429k_b62d6E-00214-00175066-00175669": "- but it requires more effort than, for example, storing, sharing and cloud services.", "429k_b62d6E-00215-00175669-00176360": "Secwork is available by application only for sensitive data when Teamwork is not considered secure enough.", "429k_b62d6E-00216-00176360-00177055": "The need is evaluated case by case and the environment is configured according to the user's needs.", "429k_b62d6E-00217-00177055-00177652": "Since Secwork requires more resources, the data that does not need it is not stored there just in case.", "429k_b62d6E-00218-00177652-00178023": "So that is why we evaluate case by case.", "429k_b62d6E-00219-00178023-00179123": "But then some examples for which Secwork has been used: research data containing sensitive personal data, data with contractual and legal protection requirements, -", "429k_b62d6E-00220-00179123-00179886": "- Aalto investment team data, examination certificates and study psychologists' administrative data is stored there.", "429k_b62d6E-00221-00179886-00180766": "And again, some more information is available by following the link.", "429k_b62d6E-00222-00180766-00181315": "And then something on CSC services for sensitive data.", "429k_b62d6E-00223-00181315-00182155": "So CSC or the IT Center for Science, offers services for research with sensitive data.", "429k_b62d6E-00224-00182155-00182833": "At the moment, their offering consists of two services and two more are running pilot phases right now.", "429k_b62d6E-00225-00182833-00183541": "So the ones that that are available now are SD Connect, which is meant for storing and sharing encrypted sensitive data, -", "429k_b62d6E-00226-00183541-00184132": "- and SD desktop that can be used to create a private workspace to compute the sensitive data.", "429k_b62d6E-00227-00184132-00184651": "And these are available, but features are being added all the time, so they are still developing.", "429k_b62d6E-00228-00184651-00185359": "Then we have two more that are being piloted right now, and should be in production by the end of this year.", "429k_b62d6E-00229-00185359-00185983": "So SD submit for publishing and SD Apply for reuse of data.", "429k_b62d6E-00230-00185983-00186709": "These services enable cooperation with Finnish academic organizations and their international collaborators.", "429k_b62d6E-00231-00186709-00187510": "We have a use case for this one also: We have a large dataset with identifiable, sensitive personal data from government authority, -", "429k_b62d6E-00232-00187510-00187896": "- which is being analyzed with researchers from several Finnish universities.", "429k_b62d6E-00233-00187896-00188966": "And the CSC Sensitive Data Services makes it possible to create an environment to prevent copying the data out of there, so it can be contained.", "429k_b62d6E-00234-00188966-00189592": "And again, we have a link with more information down below.", "429k_b62d6E-00235-00189592-00190525": "I think that was our presentation. So we could move to questions and answers.", "429k_b62d6E-00236-00190525-00191197": "(Ilari) Yes, that's it. Thank you everyone for listening and handle your data with care.", "429k_b62d6E-00237-00191197-00191768": "Don't be afraid to ask for any help. If there are any issues or problems, don't panic.", "429k_b62d6E-00238-00191768-00192262": "Just code security team and they will help you.", "429k_b62d6E-00239-00192262-00192740": "."}}, {"audio_id": "42qANquGVFg", "text": {"42qANquGVFg-00000-00000811-00001508": "The Spring Break of 2013 I was driving from Santa Barbara to Monterey on the", "42qANquGVFg-00001-00001508-00002327": "Big Sur on Pacific Coast Highway. It's that time when it hit me that I just had", "42qANquGVFg-00002-00002328-00002814": "to bring him something from my personal life into my professional life and I", "42qANquGVFg-00003-00002814-00003264": "should definitely be doing driving simulation studies.", "42qANquGVFg-00004-00004118-00004872": "In the world of research virtual reality as we define it now is not very famous", "42qANquGVFg-00005-00004872-00005454": "so aim of my lab is to be at the forefront of that you leave with an", "42qANquGVFg-00006-00005454-00006005": "example to show the world what we can do with VR. We study how cognition", "42qANquGVFg-00007-00006005-00006483": "influences the quality of movement particularly with the tension under", "42qANquGVFg-00008-00006483-00007056": "anxiety and stress. In virtual environments we study driving with", "42qANquGVFg-00009-00007056-00007539": "distractions for example using a cell phone while you driving. For my master's", "42qANquGVFg-00010-00007539-00008058": "project here at our lab I worked on a driving simulator and I looked at", "42qANquGVFg-00011-00008058-00008505": "whether there are gender differences in driving performance interestingly I", "42qANquGVFg-00012-00008505-00009125": "found no differences in driving performance between men and women.", "42qANquGVFg-00013-00009125-00009639": "When we run a study in the lab we first described the problem we then try to", "42qANquGVFg-00014-00009639-00010103": "understand the neural mechanisms underlying this dysfunction and then we", "42qANquGVFg-00015-00010103-00010484": "put these discoveries together to develop interventions that would address", "42qANquGVFg-00016-00010484-00011274": "the dysfunction this is how we develop what I call mechanistic interventions. So", "42qANquGVFg-00017-00011274-00011675": "the reason why we do this work in the aging population and those with", "42qANquGVFg-00018-00011675-00012325": "Parkinson's is to enhance their quality of life and improve their independence.", "42qANquGVFg-00019-00012325-00012819": "This is the future of current rehab science that I believe we are headed", "42qANquGVFg-00020-00012819-00013048": "towards", "42qANquGVFg-00021-00013087-00013531": "we are riding that wave where the paradigm shift in science is happening", "42qANquGVFg-00022-00013531-00014156": "VR is that paradigm shift that is coming into the human performance lab that's", "42qANquGVFg-00023-00014156-00014541": "where I want to take our science."}}, {"audio_id": "42CvaTlPsZg", "text": {"42CvaTlPsZg-00000-00000031-00000185": "- My name is Mike Piggott.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00001-00000185-00000492": "I'm Director of Community Relations here at Purdue and", "42CvaTlPsZg-00002-00000492-00000815": "in that role I want to say welcome to all these great folks", "42CvaTlPsZg-00003-00000815-00001132": "wearing the Vegas Gold Lilly shirts.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00004-00001132-00001310": "How appropriate is that?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00005-00001310-00001607": "And then to all the students who are here, welcome back.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00006-00001607-00001852": "It's going to be a great year at Purdue.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00007-00001852-00002007": "In fact it'll be a great year.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00008-00002007-00002133": "Classes started last week", "42CvaTlPsZg-00009-00002133-00002291": "and wait until tomorrow night.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00010-00002291-00002374": "You're going to love it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00011-00002374-00002527": "It's going to be fantastic.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00012-00002527-00002891": "This is a pretty special and unique kind of program", "42CvaTlPsZg-00013-00002891-00003165": "and I am really honored to be a part of it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00014-00003268-00003577": "We're going to hear from two people in", "42CvaTlPsZg-00015-00003577-00003836": "really key leadership roles.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00016-00003836-00004111": "And perhaps you're going to learn a little bit", "42CvaTlPsZg-00017-00004111-00004471": "about how they compare and contrast", "42CvaTlPsZg-00018-00004471-00004758": "in what happens in", "42CvaTlPsZg-00019-00004758-00004952": "their lives every day.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00020-00004952-00005099": "And I think what's going to happen is", "42CvaTlPsZg-00021-00005099-00005402": "you're going to find more things that are comparable", "42CvaTlPsZg-00022-00005520-00005750": "between a business CEO and", "42CvaTlPsZg-00023-00005750-00005993": "a Big Ten basketball coach probably", "42CvaTlPsZg-00024-00005993-00006214": "than you're going to find out in differences.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00025-00006214-00006477": "But I'll let them tell their stories", "42CvaTlPsZg-00026-00006477-00006708": "and you can make that decision when we're finished.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00027-00006708-00007028": "Dave Ricks is the Chief Executive of Eli Lilly", "42CvaTlPsZg-00028-00007123-00007359": "since January of 2017,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00029-00007359-00007627": "as Chairman of the Board since June of last year.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00030-00007627-00007775": "A 20 year Lilly veteran,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00031-00007775-00008044": "he's served as president of Lilly biomedicines", "42CvaTlPsZg-00032-00008044-00008220": "from 2012 to 2016", "42CvaTlPsZg-00033-00008220-00008490": "and prior to that was president of Lilly USA,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00034-00008490-00008943": "the company's largest affiliate from 2009 to 2012.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00035-00008943-00009256": "He served as president and general manager of Lilly China,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00036-00009256-00009420": "operating one of the world's fastest", "42CvaTlPsZg-00037-00009420-00009758": "growing emerging markets from 2008 and 2009,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00038-00009758-00010138": "and GM of Lilly Canada in 2005 to 2008", "42CvaTlPsZg-00039-00010138-00010376": "after roles of director of pharmaceutical marketing", "42CvaTlPsZg-00040-00010376-00010612": "and national sales director in that company.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00041-00010612-00010910": "He actually joined Lilly in 1996", "42CvaTlPsZg-00042-00010910-00011092": "as a business development associate.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00043-00011092-00011175": "So you see,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00044-00011175-00011431": "you can move up you young people getting ready to go there.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00045-00011522-00011989": "He earned a bachelors degree from Purdue University in 1990.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00046-00011989-00012264": "(crowd applauds)", "42CvaTlPsZg-00047-00012359-00012697": "He also has an MBA from Indiana in 1996.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00048-00012866-00013003": "Ladies and gentlemen,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00049-00013003-00013279": "the Chief Executive Officer of Eli Lilly and Company,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00050-00013279-00013375": "Dave Ricks.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00051-00013375-00013469": "- Thank you.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00052-00013469-00013560": "(crowd applauds)", "42CvaTlPsZg-00053-00013560-00013677": "Appreciate it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00054-00013966-00014219": "- [Mike] I've been introducing this other guy", "42CvaTlPsZg-00055-00014219-00014344": "ever since he came to Purdue.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00056-00014344-00014567": "He's in his 14th season now as head coach.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00057-00014703-00014963": "I usually introduce him as one of the", "42CvaTlPsZg-00058-00014963-00015313": "great young minds in college basketball.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00059-00015313-00015603": "I think after 14 years I can just say, coach,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00060-00015603-00015953": "he has one of the great minds in college basketball.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00061-00015953-00016081": "We appreciate all he's done.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00062-00016081-00016439": "In fact he brought back to back sweet 16s to Purdue", "42CvaTlPsZg-00063-00016439-00016642": "in 2017 and 2018.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00064-00016642-00016916": "He's returned The Boilermakers to the Big Ten's hierarchy.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00065-00016916-00017017": "And I'll tell you what,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00066-00017017-00017274": "he has this program positioned to be near the top again.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00067-00017274-00017518": "This is going to be another fun season.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00068-00017518-00017941": "He's entering his 2018-19 season as the all-time,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00069-00017941-00018244": "third all-time winningest coach in Purdue history", "42CvaTlPsZg-00070-00018244-00018463": "behind Gene Keady and Piggy Lambert,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00071-00018463-00018777": "both are in the College Basketball Hall of Fame.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00072-00018777-00019044": "Ladies and gentlemen, the head coach of The Boilermakers,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00073-00019044-00019151": "Matt Painter.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00074-00019151-00019348": "(crowd applauds)", "42CvaTlPsZg-00075-00019348-00019448": "- Thank you.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00076-00019655-00019917": "- [Mike] Now before we move on, I want to introduce you to", "42CvaTlPsZg-00077-00019917-00020121": "two people who have", "42CvaTlPsZg-00078-00020121-00020577": "Purdue backgrounds and also are involved with Lilly now,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00079-00020577-00020825": "two Purdue basketball alumna,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00080-00020825-00021165": "Raphael Davis and Torrie Thornton are with us today.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00081-00021165-00021440": "(crowd applauds)", "42CvaTlPsZg-00082-00021576-00021897": "Both great basketball players here at Mackey Arena", "42CvaTlPsZg-00083-00021897-00022136": "and now both involved with Eli Lilly and Company.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00084-00022136-00022352": "So welcome back to campus.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00085-00022352-00022506": "Alright let's get started.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00086-00022506-00022589": "I want to,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00087-00022589-00022805": "perhaps if we can have Dave if you will,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00088-00022805-00023044": "tell us the Lilly story,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00089-00023044-00023155": "a little bit about the history,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00090-00023155-00023323": "I'm sure not everybody knows the,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00091-00023421-00023504": "what's gone on,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00092-00023504-00023649": "but you've been around here", "42CvaTlPsZg-00093-00023649-00023869": "and a significant part of", "42CvaTlPsZg-00094-00023869-00024092": "not just Indiana but", "42CvaTlPsZg-00095-00024092-00024210": "of the world and", "42CvaTlPsZg-00096-00024210-00024347": "particularly the health care world", "42CvaTlPsZg-00097-00024347-00024511": "for 140 years.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00098-00024511-00024642": "Tell us about that history.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00099-00024642-00024728": "- Yeah that's right.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00100-00024728-00024811": "Well, welcome everyone.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00101-00024811-00024894": "Great to be here with you and", "42CvaTlPsZg-00102-00024894-00025079": "great to be here with you coach.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00103-00025202-00025495": "Like Purdue, we're an old Indiana institution.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00104-00025495-00025660": "I think Purdue is 150 this year?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00105-00025660-00025761": "Is that right?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00106-00025761-00025880": "Happy birthday, Purdue.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00107-00026001-00026339": "We are 141 years old.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00108-00026339-00026589": "So nine years after Purdue was founded.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00109-00026589-00027008": "And founded by a Civil War colonel who", "42CvaTlPsZg-00110-00027008-00027244": "wanted to make quality medicines", "42CvaTlPsZg-00111-00027244-00027456": "having seen the atrocities of medical care", "42CvaTlPsZg-00112-00027456-00027622": "in a war zone like the Civil War.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00113-00027737-00027969": "He was a pharmacist, not a Purdue pharmacist,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00114-00027969-00028124": "but a pharmacist.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00115-00028124-00028323": "Although his first business was in Lafeyette,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00116-00028323-00028413": "which failed.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00117-00028413-00028605": "In fact, I think he had eight failed businesses", "42CvaTlPsZg-00118-00028605-00028705": "before he started Lilly,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00119-00028705-00028870": "which obviously went on to succeed.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00120-00028870-00029100": "And that's a lesson I think in life.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00121-00029100-00029231": "There's more failure than success,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00122-00029231-00029445": "but you learn from each one and progress.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00123-00029445-00029739": "And then it was a family-run company for about 100 years.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00124-00029739-00030055": "So his son and then his two grandsons ran the company", "42CvaTlPsZg-00125-00030055-00030218": "for 100 years, which is a remarkable thing", "42CvaTlPsZg-00126-00030218-00030488": "because usually the third generation screws things up.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00127-00030604-00030753": "But the two kids", "42CvaTlPsZg-00128-00030753-00030836": "- [Mike] Did you hear that grandpa?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00129-00030836-00031207": "- The two grandsons were incredible people.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00130-00031207-00031374": "We can talk about that if you want.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00131-00031374-00031583": "And then in the 60's we went public.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00132-00031583-00031795": "And really under the final CEO,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00133-00031795-00031986": "who also was named Eli Lilly,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00134-00032070-00032230": "we globalized the company.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00135-00032230-00032604": "He took us internationally to China, to Europe", "42CvaTlPsZg-00136-00032604-00032825": "and really brought the company into the modern age.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00137-00032825-00032972": "And then we went public and", "42CvaTlPsZg-00138-00032972-00033126": "since then have been doing what we do", "42CvaTlPsZg-00139-00033126-00033499": "which is primarily making medicines for sick people.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00140-00033499-00033654": "I think the company is", "42CvaTlPsZg-00141-00033654-00033932": "most famous for our role in diabetes treatments.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00142-00033932-00034088": "So we were the company that", "42CvaTlPsZg-00143-00034088-00034368": "first commercialized insulin for diabetics", "42CvaTlPsZg-00144-00034368-00034706": "which formerly was a death sentence.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00145-00034706-00035001": "People would survive something like 12 to 18 months.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00146-00035001-00035146": "The treatment was starvation.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00147-00035285-00035477": "Then we commercialized insulin in the 20's", "42CvaTlPsZg-00148-00035477-00035706": "and that really made the modern company", "42CvaTlPsZg-00149-00035706-00035906": "both scientifically and commercially", "42CvaTlPsZg-00150-00035906-00036128": "and since then we've been building our diabetes presence.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00151-00036128-00036302": "We're also famous for Prozac", "42CvaTlPsZg-00152-00036302-00036646": "which is obviously changed depression and neuroscience care", "42CvaTlPsZg-00153-00036646-00037018": "and saved the lives in other ways of millions.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00154-00037018-00037467": "We're famous for Cialis which is seen on TV all the time.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00155-00037467-00037756": "And most recently we've been really in a great", "42CvaTlPsZg-00156-00037756-00037933": "run of growth.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00157-00037933-00038203": "The company is one of the fastest growing companies", "42CvaTlPsZg-00158-00038203-00038286": "in our sector.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00159-00038286-00038627": "We've launched ten medicines in the last three or four years", "42CvaTlPsZg-00160-00038627-00038710": "and that's what it's all about,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00161-00038710-00038843": "bringing new medicines to patients.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00162-00038843-00039013": "So we're in an exciting time", "42CvaTlPsZg-00163-00039013-00039263": "and it's a huge honor to lead a company", "42CvaTlPsZg-00164-00039263-00039478": "that's got that kind of legacy and history.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00165-00039577-00039676": "I feel lucky.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00166-00039676-00039785": "- [Mike] You're a Krannert alum.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00167-00039785-00040048": "Tell us about your Purdue experience and", "42CvaTlPsZg-00168-00040048-00040370": "what that's done to help you along to where you are today.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00169-00040370-00040592": "What are your lessons that you learned here?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00170-00040592-00040694": "- Well there's many.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00171-00040790-00040970": "Some probably I shouldn't repeat", "42CvaTlPsZg-00172-00040970-00041074": "(laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-00173-00041074-00041194": "in this audience.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00174-00041194-00041466": "I always enjoyed going to watch Matt play basketball", "42CvaTlPsZg-00175-00041466-00041598": "and going to Mackey.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00176-00041598-00041781": "That's a big part of being on a Big Ten campus", "42CvaTlPsZg-00177-00041781-00041913": "is campus life.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00178-00041913-00042292": "But you know I think Purdue's a tough school.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00179-00042292-00042640": "We hire a lot of people from here because of that actually.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00180-00042640-00042850": "By the way, so is life.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00181-00042850-00043046": "And it's good preparation", "42CvaTlPsZg-00182-00043046-00043253": "to have to do hard things.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00183-00043253-00043613": "Competitive academic programs, rigorous technical skills,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00184-00043613-00043990": "this is what we need to drive a business in the 21st century", "42CvaTlPsZg-00185-00043990-00044207": "based on science, which is our business.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00186-00044316-00044587": "I think Purdue also, it's a Midwestern school.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00187-00044587-00044789": "And people here who are", "42CvaTlPsZg-00188-00044895-00045074": "get out ahead of themselves", "42CvaTlPsZg-00189-00045074-00045239": "and talk a big game but don't back it up", "42CvaTlPsZg-00190-00045239-00045348": "don't do very well.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00191-00045458-00045591": "And that's true at Lilly as well.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00192-00045591-00045811": "I think it's a humble place", "42CvaTlPsZg-00193-00045811-00045947": "where we,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00194-00045947-00046220": "we really rely on teamwork and collegiality", "42CvaTlPsZg-00195-00046220-00046372": "to get the work done.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00196-00046372-00046591": "So those are things that I learned here.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00197-00046591-00046792": "- [Mike] Think about now,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00198-00046792-00046979": "2018 and the role of the university", "42CvaTlPsZg-00199-00046979-00047228": "as compared to when you were here and", "42CvaTlPsZg-00200-00047228-00047573": "how does that impact Lilly?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00201-00047573-00047920": "- Well kids are better trained now.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00202-00047920-00048091": "I've got a senior in high school", "42CvaTlPsZg-00203-00048091-00048577": "and I'm not sure I would get into many colleges now.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00204-00048577-00048742": "She's got great grades and high test scores", "42CvaTlPsZg-00205-00048742-00048935": "and she's all stressed out.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00206-00048935-00049195": "But I think the academic programs", "42CvaTlPsZg-00207-00049195-00049443": "have developed and improved dramatically", "42CvaTlPsZg-00208-00049443-00049617": "and that helps us an employer.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00209-00049617-00049792": "On the other hand, I think what", "42CvaTlPsZg-00210-00049792-00050237": "probably has slowed down in the 22 year old", "42CvaTlPsZg-00211-00050237-00050445": "coming off campus is their ability", "42CvaTlPsZg-00212-00050445-00050717": "to be independent", "42CvaTlPsZg-00213-00050717-00050900": "and sort of", "42CvaTlPsZg-00214-00050900-00050983": "function", "42CvaTlPsZg-00215-00051084-00051167": "as adults", "42CvaTlPsZg-00216-00051266-00051477": "independently in the world and make choices", "42CvaTlPsZg-00217-00051477-00051644": "and lead others.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00218-00051644-00051933": "There's not as many opportunities, I perceive that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00219-00052025-00052216": "And so we're getting a little more specialized", "42CvaTlPsZg-00220-00052216-00052325": "in what we do.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00221-00052325-00052527": "And I've encouraged students to take advantage of", "42CvaTlPsZg-00222-00052527-00052682": "leadership opportunities on campus,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00223-00052682-00053083": "to get involved in activities that broaden their", "42CvaTlPsZg-00224-00053083-00053405": "transferrable skills cause that's what makes,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00225-00053405-00053589": "of course you have to know your stuff, but", "42CvaTlPsZg-00226-00053589-00053694": "in the business world", "42CvaTlPsZg-00227-00053694-00053957": "it takes a fair amount of those things as well.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00228-00053957-00054139": "Can I persuade others?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00229-00054139-00054346": "Can I lead others?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00230-00054346-00054441": "We need both.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00231-00054441-00054705": "And I think that's a key opportunity to take advantage of on", "42CvaTlPsZg-00232-00054705-00054949": "a big school, a big campus like Purdue.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00233-00054949-00055104": "- [Mike] You've now introduced this concept", "42CvaTlPsZg-00234-00055104-00055246": "called team Lilly.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00235-00055355-00055500": "It sounds great and that's probably the reason", "42CvaTlPsZg-00236-00055500-00055664": "that we're here with the coach.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00237-00055664-00056022": "Tell us about team Lilly and what you're accomplishing.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00238-00056022-00056148": "- Yeah so the company,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00239-00056280-00056529": "about 10 years ago went through some difficult times", "42CvaTlPsZg-00240-00056529-00056774": "and I think our strategy to organize through that time", "42CvaTlPsZg-00241-00056774-00056984": "was kind of to divide and conquer.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00242-00056984-00057204": "Everyone put your head down and do your job.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00243-00057290-00057428": "And I think we were pretty successful with that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00244-00057428-00057709": "But now as we try to go from good to great", "42CvaTlPsZg-00245-00057809-00057958": "I think we need another gear", "42CvaTlPsZg-00246-00057958-00058208": "and that's going to come come through teamwork.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00247-00058208-00058424": "And I'd be interested in the coach's views on this,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00248-00058424-00058748": "but we know it's possible to take", "42CvaTlPsZg-00249-00058748-00059013": "a bunch of very good people and have something excellent", "42CvaTlPsZg-00250-00059013-00059171": "if you perform well together.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00251-00059171-00059389": "It's also possible to have a bunch of all stars", "42CvaTlPsZg-00252-00059389-00059494": "and perform horribly.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00253-00059608-00059961": "And we're after that special sauce to,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00254-00059961-00060147": "as a big company we're,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00255-00060147-00060290": "you think of Lilly as a big company in Indiana,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00256-00060290-00060528": "but we're 13th biggest drug company in the world.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00257-00060528-00060665": "We're not going to win on size.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00258-00060665-00060944": "We need to be faster, smarter, better together.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00259-00060944-00061113": "And that's going to come through teamwork.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00260-00061113-00061330": "So that's the essence of the concept.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00261-00061330-00061555": "So if people are interested in working in a company", "42CvaTlPsZg-00262-00061555-00061848": "that embraces that spirit, we're a good choice.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00263-00061848-00061986": "That's we're trying to shape.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00264-00061986-00062178": "- [Mike] Sounds to me like Purdue basketball.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00265-00062178-00062261": "(laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-00266-00062261-00062533": "I don't know if you've ever recruited a five star maybe but", "42CvaTlPsZg-00267-00062533-00062673": "you certainly made some great,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00268-00062673-00062930": "well you've got one sitting right in front of you that", "42CvaTlPsZg-00269-00063042-00063188": "that really epitomized team.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00270-00063188-00063413": "Tell us what he's trying to do,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00271-00063413-00063758": "how that relates to what you're doing in Mackey.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00272-00063758-00063880": "- Well I think first of all, you know,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00273-00063880-00064036": "your product is your people.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00274-00064130-00064291": "So when you look at a basketball team,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00275-00064291-00064514": "a lot of times people don't understand,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00276-00064676-00064929": "each guy has people around him in basketball.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00277-00064929-00065250": "Everybody thinks they understand the game of basketball.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00278-00065250-00065365": "When in reality, like could", "42CvaTlPsZg-00279-00065365-00065618": "you hit a baseball if it was pitched 90 miles per hour?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00280-00065618-00065763": "You cannot.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00281-00065763-00065906": "If you go on a football field,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00282-00065906-00066131": "like you really don't want to go on a pass pattern", "42CvaTlPsZg-00283-00066131-00066318": "or take somebody down on a wrestling mat.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00284-00066318-00066526": "But if you walk through a basketball court,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00285-00066526-00066688": "everybody says hey give me a shot.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00286-00066688-00066784": "Give me that ball.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00287-00066784-00066869": "Let me shoot that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00288-00066869-00067138": "So more people understand the game of basketball.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00289-00067138-00067263": "They just do.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00290-00067263-00067407": "So wrapping their head around it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00291-00067407-00067612": "With that being said, when you go home", "42CvaTlPsZg-00292-00067612-00067786": "more people have an opinion.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00293-00067786-00068043": "So when you coach a guy, you coach a guy,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00294-00068043-00068301": "but yet they listen to a lot of people.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00295-00068301-00068507": "So the one thing that I always try to do is", "42CvaTlPsZg-00296-00068507-00068700": "just build a relationship of trust,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00297-00068809-00068892": "with that player.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00298-00068892-00069030": "Built the relationship with the player.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00299-00069030-00069154": "Don't worry about everything else.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00300-00069154-00069313": "There's too many things to worry about.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00301-00069313-00069483": "If a kid's listening to an agent,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00302-00069483-00069716": "if he's listening to his parents about basketball.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00303-00069716-00069875": "So just lock it in.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00304-00069875-00070136": "And then recruiting the right person.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00305-00070136-00070375": "The one thing you want, and I know this is profound, but", "42CvaTlPsZg-00306-00070375-00070672": "you want a good player, you want a good student,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00307-00070672-00070839": "and you want a good person.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00308-00070839-00071046": "That combination", "42CvaTlPsZg-00309-00071046-00071323": "and that quality right there", "42CvaTlPsZg-00310-00071323-00071632": "but you also have to understand what it comes with.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00311-00071727-00071879": "And now you have a team.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00312-00071879-00071968": "So it's different.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00313-00071968-00072099": "It's a lot different.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00314-00072099-00072321": "Like he's talking about piecing things together.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00315-00072321-00072631": "And we want all stars, but we also want role players.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00316-00072736-00073005": "And you can't have all role players.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00317-00073005-00073097": "You just can't.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00318-00073097-00073260": "You have to have some people.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00319-00073260-00073552": "But you also can be an all star in your role.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00320-00073552-00074013": "And so like sometimes you want to be the lead in the play.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00321-00074013-00074245": "But the guy running those lights is pretty important.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00322-00074245-00074525": "And the person doing the wardrobe is pretty important.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00323-00074525-00074736": "And so when you think along those lines,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00324-00074736-00074910": "whatever and fielding a team,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00325-00074910-00075092": "you make a lot of mistakes.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00326-00075092-00075318": "When you're in charge you make a lot of mistakes.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00327-00075318-00075529": "And you just learn from those mistakes", "42CvaTlPsZg-00328-00075529-00075825": "and you try to, I always say try to find another one.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00329-00075825-00075974": "Try mess up some other way.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00330-00075974-00076144": "And eventually hopefully you just run out of", "42CvaTlPsZg-00331-00076144-00076267": "finding ways how to mess up.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00332-00076267-00076386": "(laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-00333-00076386-00076471": "And I know that,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00334-00076568-00076851": "is kind of funny and ironic but it's true.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00335-00076961-00077110": "And, uh", "42CvaTlPsZg-00336-00077110-00077287": "sometimes it's hard to describe.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00337-00077287-00077505": "You just know it when you see it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00338-00077505-00077832": "And we're not here because", "42CvaTlPsZg-00339-00077832-00078109": "this guy's talented or that guy's talented.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00340-00078109-00078311": "We're here for production.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00341-00078311-00078470": "They're there for production.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00342-00078470-00078672": "If they don't produce at the end of the day,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00343-00078672-00079049": "but make sure you evaluate and recruit production too.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00344-00079049-00079321": "And I always say you can't have enough human beings.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00345-00079321-00079468": "I love human beings.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00346-00079599-00079824": "When you get those people that are acting crazy", "42CvaTlPsZg-00347-00079824-00080028": "or you get the people that are acting on their own,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00348-00080028-00080181": "because we're in a team sport,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00349-00080181-00080418": "you know that's not going to lead to production.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00350-00080418-00080511": "You know we want people", "42CvaTlPsZg-00351-00080511-00080632": "that are going to be a good teammate.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00352-00080632-00080882": "We want to be people that are going to sacrifice", "42CvaTlPsZg-00353-00080882-00081138": "and that's hard to do when you're 17, 18 years old", "42CvaTlPsZg-00354-00081138-00081406": "because every single person I recruit,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00355-00081406-00081636": "he's recruiting a grownup.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00356-00081636-00081855": "I'm not recruiting grownups.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00357-00081855-00082014": "I'm recruiting kids.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00358-00082014-00082304": "And so but yet I've got to get them to understand", "42CvaTlPsZg-00359-00082304-00082479": "how this is going to work for them.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00360-00082564-00082647": "Alright?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00361-00082647-00082730": "- [Mike] How do you do that?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00362-00082730-00082813": "- Huh?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00363-00082813-00082965": "For me, I think you've got to lose people", "42CvaTlPsZg-00364-00082965-00083151": "as much as you've got to get people.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00365-00083151-00083343": "You've got to lose people on your own terms.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00366-00083343-00083516": "So I like to be straightforward,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00367-00083516-00083750": "I like to be transparent, I like to be honest.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00368-00083750-00083903": "I don't promise you're going to start.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00369-00083903-00084075": "I don't promise you're going to play.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00370-00084075-00084244": "And part of that,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00371-00084244-00084487": "you know sometimes my assistants kick me under the", "42CvaTlPsZg-00372-00084487-00084652": "kitchen table when I'm saying it,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00373-00084746-00084999": "but I just feel that that helps our chemistry.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00374-00085108-00085254": "It helps our togetherness.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00375-00085254-00085501": "But you're going to lose some guys that way.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00376-00085501-00085668": "But the guys that you do get,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00377-00085668-00085805": "you're going to get on your terms.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00378-00085805-00085978": "So when things happen at Purdue,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00379-00086154-00086342": "they knew it was coming.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00380-00086342-00086571": "That's what he told me, he was honest with me.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00381-00086571-00086673": "We've all played for someone,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00382-00086673-00086809": "if you've ever played competitive sports,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00383-00086809-00087036": "we've all played for somebody that we felt like", "42CvaTlPsZg-00384-00087036-00087155": "wasn't straightforward", "42CvaTlPsZg-00385-00087245-00087331": "with us.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00386-00087331-00087542": "And I just don't want to be that guy.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00387-00087542-00087732": "And so if we, you know,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00388-00087732-00087956": "I always say that we're going to work hard.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00389-00087956-00088070": "We're going to do everything in our power to win.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00390-00088070-00088336": "But we're not going to lose our soul in the process.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00391-00088336-00088491": "We're going to do things a certain way.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00392-00088491-00088800": "And we are, this is the business of education.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00393-00088800-00089096": "Even though I'm a basketball coach, I'm an educator.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00394-00089096-00089354": "How he is as a player, really deep down,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00395-00089354-00089601": "it's fun, it's entertaining,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00396-00089601-00089878": "but he's going to be a former player the rest of his life.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00397-00089878-00090113": "He was a college basketball player for four years.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00398-00090113-00090368": "He's going to be a former player for 50 years.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00399-00090368-00090547": "You know he's going to have his own family", "42CvaTlPsZg-00400-00090547-00090828": "and raise them and raise them under what values?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00401-00090828-00091058": "So we always try to, coaches try to change.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00402-00091058-00091252": "Coaches struggle changing people,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00403-00091252-00091442": "even though we can do it a little bit.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00404-00091442-00091587": "We can't do it a lot.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00405-00091587-00091808": "So it's better to go out and recruit", "42CvaTlPsZg-00406-00091808-00091911": "and get the right people", "42CvaTlPsZg-00407-00091911-00092116": "that were raised with the right family values.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00408-00092116-00092264": "But it's also a challenge sometimes", "42CvaTlPsZg-00409-00092264-00092373": "when somebody doesn't have that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00410-00092373-00092630": "Someone grows up, um,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00411-00092630-00092792": "you know, without a dad.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00412-00092792-00093026": "Somebody grows up and", "42CvaTlPsZg-00413-00093026-00093179": "they don't understand some of the things", "42CvaTlPsZg-00414-00093179-00093469": "that somebody grows up and has that kind of support", "42CvaTlPsZg-00415-00093469-00093608": "and has those kind of resources.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00416-00093608-00093978": "To me that's challenging, but you also have to understand", "42CvaTlPsZg-00417-00093978-00094266": "it is harder, it definitely is harder.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00418-00094266-00094383": "- [Mike] You get 'em to a level.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00419-00094383-00094674": "Sweet Sixteen two years in a row.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00420-00094674-00094907": "This year you set a goal to go, to Elite 8,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00421-00094907-00095107": "national champion, whatever it is,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00422-00095107-00095437": "how do you take a team that's been to a level", "42CvaTlPsZg-00423-00095437-00095616": "and get them excited to go that next one?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00424-00095616-00095837": "- Well you don't go back and start at the Sweet Sixteen.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00425-00095837-00096074": "It starts over, it's a process.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00426-00096074-00096338": "You're not automatically in that tournament.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00427-00096338-00096491": "You gotta earn your way in that tournament.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00428-00096491-00096723": "So you, you start over again.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00429-00096876-00097001": "I think that's through improvement.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00430-00097001-00097309": "It's through guys working on their game.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00431-00097309-00097533": "But it's also guys understanding roles.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00432-00097533-00097881": "I think that's one of the hard things to do is get guys", "42CvaTlPsZg-00433-00097881-00097980": "to understand", "42CvaTlPsZg-00434-00098085-00098168": "their roles", "42CvaTlPsZg-00435-00098168-00098368": "and sometimes as a coach you don't know those roles.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00436-00098368-00098586": "Sometimes they have to evolve on their own.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00437-00098586-00098762": "So it's so important when you don't know", "42CvaTlPsZg-00438-00098762-00098905": "to back up and say that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00439-00099010-00099176": "So that's really where we start.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00440-00099176-00099390": "Like right now we're getting in shape.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00441-00099390-00099654": "The last two summers we went to Spain and we went to Taiwan.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00442-00099654-00099967": "This summer we didn't do an international trip.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00443-00099967-00100218": "And so it's a little bit different.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00444-00100218-00100409": "We lost four seniors.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00445-00100409-00100509": "But I really like the guys", "42CvaTlPsZg-00446-00100509-00100713": "that didn't play last year as much.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00447-00100713-00100924": "I thought they were really good players.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00448-00100924-00101151": "We just had some guys that were in front of them.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00449-00101151-00101421": "So I'm excited about seeing those guys grow", "42CvaTlPsZg-00450-00101421-00101623": "and play more of a significant role.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00451-00101623-00101840": "But I just try to keep it with the process.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00452-00101840-00102053": "Just try to win the day.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00453-00102053-00102136": "Don't worry,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00454-00102136-00102403": "there's so much that guys worry about.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00455-00102403-00102496": "Don't worry about that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00456-00102496-00102660": "Just keep your life simple.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00457-00102660-00102832": "Keep your nose clean, go to class.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00458-00102832-00103006": "Be on time.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00459-00103006-00103095": "Do the little things.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00460-00103095-00103292": "So when I played college basketball,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00461-00103292-00103532": "my college coach, Coach Keady,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00462-00103532-00103677": "he had three rules:", "42CvaTlPsZg-00463-00103770-00104038": "be on time, try your best and act right.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00464-00104038-00104316": "And if you just think about keeping it simple,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00465-00104316-00104452": "and doing those three things.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00466-00104452-00104648": "Now act right is a big umbrella.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00467-00104744-00104967": "So, a very big umbrella.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00468-00104967-00105197": "But if you just, if you keep your life simple.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00469-00105327-00105579": "And just try your best, and you have the ability,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00470-00105579-00105815": "I'm not in the business of taking bad players.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00471-00105815-00106004": "So if you got a Purdue jersey on,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00472-00106004-00106219": "I think you're a good basketball player.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00473-00106219-00106429": "So that's a start.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00474-00106429-00106616": "I always fight these guys", "42CvaTlPsZg-00475-00106616-00106883": "and Rayfeld has heard me speak a lot so", "42CvaTlPsZg-00476-00106883-00107185": "you become very redundant to the people that hear you a lot.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00477-00107185-00107329": "But,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00478-00107329-00107533": "you know Purdue can't beat Purdue.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00479-00107533-00107638": "They just can't.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00480-00107638-00107748": "You know, don't beat yourself.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00481-00107748-00107974": "But that's a lot of things that happen in life", "42CvaTlPsZg-00482-00107974-00108268": "where you kind of lose that individual", "42CvaTlPsZg-00483-00108268-00108575": "piece because you end up doing something foolish", "42CvaTlPsZg-00484-00108575-00108714": "from a social standpoint.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00485-00108858-00108942": "Don't beat yourself.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00486-00108942-00109119": "Don't put yourself in a bad position.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00487-00109203-00109401": "But from a basketball standpoint that happens", "42CvaTlPsZg-00488-00109401-00109631": "and in competitive sports it happens a lot.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00489-00109631-00109826": "People don't necessarily win games", "42CvaTlPsZg-00490-00109826-00110001": "as much as the other team loses it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00491-00110128-00110297": "Learn to really diminish", "42CvaTlPsZg-00492-00110398-00110543": "those things.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00493-00110543-00110719": "You know, take care of the basketball, take good shots.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00494-00110719-00110843": "You know, don't turn the ball over.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00495-00110843-00110991": "Know your scouting report.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00496-00110991-00111216": "Just be consistent in what you do.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00497-00111216-00111347": "- [Mike] We heard about,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00498-00111347-00111430": "you're talking about", "42CvaTlPsZg-00499-00111430-00111535": "how you're bringing a group of guys together,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00500-00111535-00111636": "and I want to have,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00501-00111636-00111927": "I want to hear both of you and how you do that", "42CvaTlPsZg-00502-00111927-00112216": "with team Boilermaker and team Lilly.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00503-00112326-00112431": "Matt, start with you.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00504-00112518-00112741": "How do you get these guys together?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00505-00112886-00112994": "You know to get the guys", "42CvaTlPsZg-00506-00112994-00113077": "who are all stars of their high school team", "42CvaTlPsZg-00507-00113077-00113415": "to learn their position, learn their role and be a team.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00508-00113415-00113578": "- Well you need to do a lot through the summer,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00509-00113578-00113718": "through the spring, through the fall.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00510-00113718-00113972": "A lot of the things that you break down with.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00511-00113972-00114125": "You learn a lot through film.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00512-00114125-00114496": "You learn a lot through watching and understanding things.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00513-00114496-00114904": "Some young guys come in more ready than others.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00514-00114904-00115160": "But you just teach, you teach them your system.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00515-00115160-00115311": "You teach them how you play.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00516-00115311-00115483": "But you also have to understand what you have.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00517-00115483-00115698": "Each system is a little bit different", "42CvaTlPsZg-00518-00115698-00115854": "with your personnel as it changes.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00519-00115854-00116143": "We've never been locked in to this is how we play", "42CvaTlPsZg-00520-00116143-00116307": "and you're going to fit that no matter what.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00521-00116307-00116476": "That isn't really our philosophy.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00522-00116476-00116693": "Now I'll be that way defensively.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00523-00116693-00117005": "But I won't be that way as much offensively.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00524-00117095-00117403": "In basketball you teach the part and you teach the whole.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00525-00117403-00117693": "And so a lot of the part comes through the summer", "42CvaTlPsZg-00526-00117693-00117831": "through working on your game", "42CvaTlPsZg-00527-00117831-00118047": "and then as you put the whole together,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00528-00118047-00118183": "they have to understand how they", "42CvaTlPsZg-00529-00118183-00118436": "can apply those things in a team concept.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00530-00118436-00118571": "So you have to be able to show.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00531-00118571-00118806": "Last year we were the second most efficient", "42CvaTlPsZg-00532-00118806-00118927": "offensive team in the country.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00533-00118927-00119078": "Villanova was first.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00534-00119078-00119335": "So we have good decision makers.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00535-00119335-00119675": "We had five people shoot 39% from three or above", "42CvaTlPsZg-00536-00119675-00119814": "which was the best in the country.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00537-00119814-00120039": "We've had the third best three point percentage", "42CvaTlPsZg-00538-00120039-00120307": "in the last two years in college basketball.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00539-00120307-00120565": "So as you see the pro game evolve,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00540-00120565-00120897": "the more people that you can get to make threes,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00541-00120897-00121151": "shoot 80% from the free throw line", "42CvaTlPsZg-00542-00121151-00121385": "and then obviously take care of the basketball.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00543-00121385-00121610": "Don't turn the basketball over, don't beat yourself.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00544-00121610-00121888": "You see it more prevalent obviously in football", "42CvaTlPsZg-00545-00121888-00122015": "because you get a pick six.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00546-00122015-00122406": "You know it's such a turn of events in a game of football", "42CvaTlPsZg-00547-00122406-00122598": "when someone gets an interception and runs it back", "42CvaTlPsZg-00548-00122598-00122775": "because it's obviously for more points", "42CvaTlPsZg-00549-00122775-00122997": "and it's a lower scoring game.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00550-00122997-00123255": "In basketball it's the giveaway takeaway.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00551-00123255-00123408": "You know if I throw it to you", "42CvaTlPsZg-00552-00123408-00123606": "and I take away the two points we could have gotten", "42CvaTlPsZg-00553-00123606-00123761": "and you got two points,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00554-00123761-00123942": "it's a four point differential.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00555-00123942-00124166": "And so you get a handful of those in a game", "42CvaTlPsZg-00556-00124166-00124334": "that's 20 points you're down.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00557-00124334-00124542": "So you have to be able to understand", "42CvaTlPsZg-00558-00124542-00124850": "I need to recruit people that can do those things.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00559-00124850-00125043": "Well what we've been able to incorporate", "42CvaTlPsZg-00560-00125043-00125263": "is a bunch of guys that can do those things.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00561-00125263-00125448": "And then we try to teach them how to defend.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00562-00125448-00125627": "We try to teach them team defense.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00563-00125627-00125852": "And then we've had really really good size.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00564-00125852-00126039": "So we've AJ Hammons at seven foot,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00565-00126039-00126164": "Isaac Haas at 7'2\"", "42CvaTlPsZg-00566-00126164-00126380": "Caleb Swanigan at 6'10\".", "42CvaTlPsZg-00567-00126380-00126561": "So we've had some of the better", "42CvaTlPsZg-00568-00126561-00126758": "big guys in our league and in the country,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00569-00126758-00126941": "you put them with good decision makers,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00570-00126941-00127103": "with good skilled guys,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00571-00127103-00127364": "and now you're going to have a really efficient offense.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00572-00127364-00127622": "Our sport is tied together offensively and defensively", "42CvaTlPsZg-00573-00127622-00127764": "more than other sports.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00574-00127764-00128017": "So if you can be a really good offensive team", "42CvaTlPsZg-00575-00128017-00128292": "and you're not putting yourself in transition very much", "42CvaTlPsZg-00576-00128292-00128509": "from a defensive standpoint, alright,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00577-00128509-00128644": "you're always setting your defense.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00578-00128644-00128874": "You want the other team to go against a set defense", "42CvaTlPsZg-00579-00128874-00129032": "as much as possible.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00580-00129032-00129163": "If they're going in transition,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00581-00129163-00129317": "and they're going on four on three breaks,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00582-00129317-00129554": "three on two breaks, five on three breaks.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00583-00129554-00129700": "They're at an advantage.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00584-00129700-00129935": "You want them to go five on five versus a set defense", "42CvaTlPsZg-00585-00129935-00130115": "as much as you possibly can.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00586-00130115-00130284": "Well it starts with your decision making.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00587-00130284-00130575": "And so now the better you can be offensively,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00588-00130575-00130752": "the better you're going to be defensively.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00589-00130752-00131015": "It's not the backbone of a defensive principle,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00590-00131015-00131213": "but it is a really good start.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00591-00131213-00131412": "- [Mike] How do you do that at Lilly?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00592-00131412-00131508": "- Pull a team a together?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00593-00131508-00131722": "I mean I agree with the coach on recruiting.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00594-00131722-00131969": "You know the people around the table matter most.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00595-00131969-00132173": "You've got to want to be a part of that environment", "42CvaTlPsZg-00596-00132173-00132634": "and then have the ability to work together.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00597-00132634-00132961": "So we've been looking at big organizations recently", "42CvaTlPsZg-00598-00132961-00133153": "and looking for models, et cetera.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00599-00133153-00133411": "There's sort of four principles that", "42CvaTlPsZg-00600-00133411-00133655": "we're trying to reinforce", "42CvaTlPsZg-00601-00133746-00133877": "at the leadership level of the company.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00602-00133877-00134127": "Hopefully, that trickles through.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00603-00134127-00134298": "One is a common purpose.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00604-00134298-00134468": "So in our business,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00605-00134468-00134714": "it's not so simple as win the game.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00606-00134714-00134898": "There's huge complexity to what we do", "42CvaTlPsZg-00607-00134898-00135091": "and it's a very long game.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00608-00135211-00135671": "The medicine idea to market is about 12 years.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00609-00135671-00135874": "So we have to be good for 12 straight years", "42CvaTlPsZg-00610-00135874-00135987": "to get that to work.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00611-00136120-00136293": "But keeping the purpose in mind,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00612-00136293-00136479": "that we all connect to what we're trying to do", "42CvaTlPsZg-00613-00136479-00136692": "is get a medicine to the patient,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00614-00136692-00136962": "helps because then that's an outside force,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00615-00136962-00137273": "not an inside competition of sorts", "42CvaTlPsZg-00616-00137273-00137446": "that pulls people together.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00617-00137446-00137630": "Another, um", "42CvaTlPsZg-00618-00137630-00137714": "thing we're trying to work on", "42CvaTlPsZg-00619-00137714-00137958": "and I think we have some improvement at Lilly,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00620-00137958-00138184": "but I like some of the recent things we've done,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00621-00138184-00138388": "is making sure we all have the same idea", "42CvaTlPsZg-00622-00138388-00138547": "of what we're dealing with.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00623-00138547-00138753": "So sharing context.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00624-00138753-00138927": "It's a huge organization, 40,000 people,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00625-00138927-00139122": "we operate in 140 countries.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00626-00139122-00139246": "What's happening?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00627-00139246-00139462": "Simple question, long answers.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00628-00139462-00139828": "But if we want to have a fast-moving team approach", "42CvaTlPsZg-00629-00139828-00140021": "more people need to know what's happening.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00630-00140021-00140264": "It can't be Dave sitting there with all the information", "42CvaTlPsZg-00631-00140264-00140497": "and people waiting for a speech.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00632-00140497-00140758": "Everyone has to know what's happening, all the time.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00633-00140758-00141157": "So we need to share information as we share the goal.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00634-00141157-00141510": "And then you know I think there's a trust element", "42CvaTlPsZg-00635-00141510-00141643": "that's in any team.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00636-00141643-00141974": "I'm interested in your perspectives on this coach.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00637-00141974-00142235": "There is, you can't manage it all through.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00638-00142235-00142412": "At some stage people just have to trust", "42CvaTlPsZg-00639-00142412-00142730": "that this team is going to deliver when I deliver.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00640-00142730-00142955": "And if that doesn't happen, why should I try?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00641-00143077-00143347": "But if it happens every time, now I feel an obligation", "42CvaTlPsZg-00642-00143347-00143625": "to try even harder because I know they're doing their piece.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00643-00143625-00143854": "So that's a big part of winning as well.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00644-00143854-00144119": "- [Mike] How do you build that culture?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00645-00144119-00144294": "- Every minute of every day.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00646-00144294-00144449": "You have to model it yourself.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00647-00144449-00144650": "And I think that's one of the harder parts about leadership", "42CvaTlPsZg-00648-00144650-00145042": "is there are no off minutes, no off days.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00649-00145042-00145256": "You have to be, so it can't just be surface.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00650-00145256-00145376": "You have to like", "42CvaTlPsZg-00651-00145376-00145648": "breathe this stuff because you can't fake it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00652-00145648-00145972": "- Yeah what they can have, in a corporation like that is", "42CvaTlPsZg-00653-00146092-00146434": "for lack of a better term, they have corporate DNA.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00654-00146434-00146635": "Whereas the college basketball turns over,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00655-00146635-00146852": "Raphael Davis was great but he leaves.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00656-00146974-00147382": "You see the San Antonio Spurs, they had corporate DNA", "42CvaTlPsZg-00657-00147382-00147659": "at the San Antonio Spurs which is rare in the NBA", "42CvaTlPsZg-00658-00147659-00147990": "with the free agent market, with the draft,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00659-00147990-00148226": "with guaranteed versus non-guaranteed.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00660-00148226-00148439": "But they had Tim Duncan for 17 years.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00661-00148439-00148623": "They Manu Ginobili for 18 years.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00662-00148623-00148877": "They had Tony Parker for 14, 15 years.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00663-00148877-00149272": "So their three key players probably", "42CvaTlPsZg-00664-00149272-00149568": "shared 12 to 13 of those years", "42CvaTlPsZg-00665-00149568-00149745": "they were the three best players.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00666-00149745-00150096": "They had something different at the highest level.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00667-00150096-00150238": "They had the corporate DNA.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00668-00150238-00150380": "And so like,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00669-00150380-00150622": "what he is talking about like, you know,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00670-00150622-00150922": "you hire great people, you train great people,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00671-00150922-00151249": "and you want to be able to keep those people.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00672-00151249-00151673": "So my assistants that are really good,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00673-00151673-00151840": "they're going to be able to get a head coaching job,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00674-00151840-00151986": "they're going to move and so now", "42CvaTlPsZg-00675-00151986-00152122": "I'm going to have another guy,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00676-00152122-00152336": "I have one guy for eight years, I have one guy for five", "42CvaTlPsZg-00677-00152336-00152475": "and I have one guy for one.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00678-00152475-00152797": "And I'm constantly trying to help them become a head coach.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00679-00152797-00153004": "That doesn't necessarily help me", "42CvaTlPsZg-00680-00153117-00153246": "by doing that, but it helps them.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00681-00153246-00153473": "Somebody helped me in the process", "42CvaTlPsZg-00682-00153473-00153619": "and so that's what you kind of repay.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00683-00153619-00153849": "But that's the one thing about a corporation", "42CvaTlPsZg-00684-00153849-00154079": "that you kind of as a coach, you kind of envy,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00685-00154163-00154283": "because it's hard.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00686-00154283-00154490": "You know Caleb Swanigan, just think if Caleb Swanigan", "42CvaTlPsZg-00687-00154490-00154669": "was coming back for us next year.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00688-00154669-00154917": "But think if I had to go against every single player", "42CvaTlPsZg-00689-00154917-00155232": "at Ohio State, Indiana and Michigan State that's left early.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00690-00155232-00155603": "So think if Cody Zeller stayed, Victor Oladipo stayed.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00691-00155603-00155812": "Ohio State has had five or six guys.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00692-00155812-00156024": "Michigan State just had two guys.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00693-00156024-00156185": "We've had a unique thing", "42CvaTlPsZg-00694-00156185-00156335": "is that we've had a little bit of it", "42CvaTlPsZg-00695-00156335-00156568": "because we've had great four year players.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00696-00156568-00156651": "- [Dave] Relative to the competition.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00697-00156651-00156777": "- Yeah, to the competition.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00698-00156777-00157202": "So our culture, even though Swanigan left after two years,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00699-00157202-00157524": "is the opposite of everybody else because", "42CvaTlPsZg-00700-00157524-00157673": "we've had the most people drafted", "42CvaTlPsZg-00701-00157673-00157848": "in the last 11 years in The Big Ten", "42CvaTlPsZg-00702-00157967-00158129": "that have stayed four years.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00703-00158129-00158344": "So we've had six guys.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00704-00158344-00158434": "So it's different.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00705-00158434-00158554": "You hear about the one and dones.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00706-00158554-00158776": "The draft normally, 80 to 90 percent", "42CvaTlPsZg-00707-00158776-00159053": "of the first 14 picks in the draft are normally freshman.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00708-00159053-00159171": "You know, nobody's 20", "42CvaTlPsZg-00709-00159275-00159457": "kind of in that cohort right there.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00710-00159457-00159776": "So it's different when you can keep people", "42CvaTlPsZg-00711-00159776-00159909": "and keep people involved.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00712-00159909-00160063": "When you're always losing them,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00713-00160063-00160186": "now you've got to start over.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00714-00160186-00160364": "And it's very very hard.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00715-00160364-00160518": "So the people that have stayed", "42CvaTlPsZg-00716-00160631-00160913": "we had 800 transfers last year in college basketball,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00717-00160913-00161096": "there's 350 teams.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00718-00161096-00161208": "So you know,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00719-00161208-00161341": "I know we're all pretty good math,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00720-00161341-00161595": "you can figure that out on an average.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00721-00161595-00161854": "So we've averaged a little bit over one a year", "42CvaTlPsZg-00722-00161854-00162081": "since I've been here for 13 years.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00723-00162081-00162281": "So I'm half of, I'm about", "42CvaTlPsZg-00724-00162281-00162433": "at the 25 percentile.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00725-00162433-00162516": "So we're pretty good.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00726-00162516-00162733": "So when people say hey why did this guy leave?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00727-00162733-00163006": "You know, actually at times it's a good thing", "42CvaTlPsZg-00728-00163006-00163113": "because you can't keep everybody happy.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00729-00163113-00163226": "It's just hard.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00730-00163226-00163433": "It's really hard to keep everybody happy.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00731-00163433-00163590": "So I always, that's my line to them,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00732-00163590-00163776": "since I can't keep all of you happy,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00733-00163776-00163951": "I might as well do the right thing.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00734-00164102-00164257": "- That prompted something I wanted to say", "42CvaTlPsZg-00735-00164257-00164594": "because we've got young people thinking about a career.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00736-00164594-00164783": "There are differences in industries you choose", "42CvaTlPsZg-00737-00164783-00164908": "and companies you choose.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00738-00165017-00165210": "I'm the CEO, I'm 51.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00739-00165210-00165455": "I walked off this campus 30 years ago.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00740-00165455-00165757": "And people say to me you're really young to be a CEO.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00741-00165757-00165906": "But that was 30 years ago.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00742-00166188-00166325": "New people come to the company", "42CvaTlPsZg-00743-00166325-00166617": "and they're very eager to get ahead quickly.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00744-00166617-00166835": "One thing about our company is", "42CvaTlPsZg-00745-00166835-00166949": "it's a process.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00746-00166949-00167303": "It's going to take a couple decades to get to senior roles.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00747-00167303-00167436": "That's how it is.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00748-00167532-00167741": "People who want to move around quickly", "42CvaTlPsZg-00749-00167741-00168062": "and are impatient probably won't do as well with us.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00750-00168062-00168348": "If you want to learn a business and grow right in a company", "42CvaTlPsZg-00751-00168348-00168501": "we're going to invest in you.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00752-00168501-00168809": "That's our philosophy, it's a little bit different.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00753-00168809-00168987": "And then 30 years go by and all of a sudden", "42CvaTlPsZg-00754-00168987-00169160": "you're in senior positions.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00755-00169160-00169315": "That can happen to you.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00756-00169315-00169561": "But that's an expectation piece,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00757-00169561-00169754": "speaking about setting right expectations.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00758-00169754-00169872": "When we recruit off campus", "42CvaTlPsZg-00759-00169872-00170066": "some people I think are in a hurry.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00760-00170066-00170224": "We're probably not the right place to work.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00761-00170224-00170341": "You're going to get frustrated.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00762-00170341-00170451": "But if you want to think about", "42CvaTlPsZg-00763-00170451-00170600": "hey I can achieve my goals through time.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00764-00170600-00170823": "If I put in the work, the company is going to invest", "42CvaTlPsZg-00765-00170823-00170938": "and develop in you.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00766-00170938-00171090": "They took risks on me.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00767-00171090-00171312": "Put me in positions to learn and grow.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00768-00171312-00171600": "That's something that we believe in and embrace.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00769-00171600-00171738": "And I think is pretty different about Lilly", "42CvaTlPsZg-00770-00171738-00171923": "from other major corporate employers.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00771-00172046-00172376": "- [Mike] How do you lead team Lilly or team Boilermaker", "42CvaTlPsZg-00772-00172376-00172497": "through adversity?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00773-00172497-00172775": "Your stock price drops or your patent runs out", "42CvaTlPsZg-00774-00172775-00172939": "or your center breaks his arm.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00775-00172939-00173082": "How do you do that?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00776-00173082-00173332": "(laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-00777-00173332-00173415": "- It was an elbow.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00778-00173415-00173537": "He broke his elbow.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00779-00173537-00173787": "(laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-00780-00173787-00174045": "You know you're used to, you're used to adversity.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00781-00174045-00174267": "I always say that after a loss.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00782-00174405-00174715": "When our guys, after I talk briefly about it", "42CvaTlPsZg-00783-00174715-00175034": "I try not to talk pretty much after a game as time goes on.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00784-00175034-00175330": "Because you don't really know everything", "42CvaTlPsZg-00785-00175330-00175494": "until really you watch the tape", "42CvaTlPsZg-00786-00175494-00175681": "because most of us follow the ball in the game", "42CvaTlPsZg-00787-00175681-00175843": "and there are so many other things that go on.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00788-00175843-00176016": "I've said so many things after a game", "42CvaTlPsZg-00789-00176016-00176203": "that I've been wrong about.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00790-00176203-00176484": "So I try to keep it as short as I can.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00791-00176484-00176669": "There's always two or three games that", "42CvaTlPsZg-00792-00176669-00176839": "obviously that doesn't hold true.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00793-00176958-00177326": "But I always say you know when things don't go your way", "42CvaTlPsZg-00794-00177326-00177569": "and how you act, that's class.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00795-00177569-00177865": "Class is what you show when things don't go your way.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00796-00177865-00178172": "So I think you're always in a position of adversity", "42CvaTlPsZg-00797-00178172-00178442": "to find out about people and to find out about your team.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00798-00178442-00178700": "So I always think that you can really grow.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00799-00178700-00178832": "You get a loss,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00800-00178832-00179044": "you don't need a bunch of losses to learn a lesson,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00801-00179044-00179148": "but you do need one", "42CvaTlPsZg-00802-00179294-00179415": "at times.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00803-00179415-00179571": "It's just part of it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00804-00179571-00179705": "You know it's coming.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00805-00179898-00179998": "You can feel coming.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00806-00179998-00180180": "You try to prevent it from happening", "42CvaTlPsZg-00807-00180180-00180290": "and sometimes it you know,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00808-00180290-00180520": "especially when you get out of your own environment,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00809-00180520-00180711": "or you're dealing with somebody who is young", "42CvaTlPsZg-00810-00180711-00180879": "that's not ready for a position", "42CvaTlPsZg-00811-00180879-00181232": "or not ready to play that many minutes and they have to.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00812-00181232-00181545": "So for us it's just every day life.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00813-00181545-00181864": "The one thing you have to do in the preseason", "42CvaTlPsZg-00814-00181864-00182039": "and in practice,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00815-00182039-00182163": "you have to create false adversity.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00816-00182163-00182364": "Because there's not a lot of adversity in practice", "42CvaTlPsZg-00817-00182364-00182541": "leading up to your first game.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00818-00182541-00182867": "You have to do some different things to create", "42CvaTlPsZg-00819-00182867-00182950": "some trouble.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00820-00182950-00183088": "Whenever some trouble happens or", "42CvaTlPsZg-00821-00183088-00183270": "somebody misses class or something happens, whatever,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00822-00183270-00183534": "I always tend to overreact about it,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00823-00183534-00183617": "on purpose.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00824-00183617-00183851": "They think I'm crazy but it's okay.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00825-00183851-00184032": "Because I just want to see how people are going to react", "42CvaTlPsZg-00826-00184032-00184275": "like you didn't go to class or you were late or", "42CvaTlPsZg-00827-00184275-00184495": "you were late and you lied about being late.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00828-00184580-00184750": "So trying to get them to be as,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00829-00184750-00184947": "you know understand the honesty.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00830-00184947-00185152": "You know, when you make a mistake raise your hand.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00831-00185152-00185267": "You made one mistake.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00832-00185267-00185422": "But when you lie or your move from it", "42CvaTlPsZg-00833-00185422-00185699": "and you try to tell a whopper,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00834-00185699-00185850": "now you've made two mistakes.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00835-00185850-00185935": "Now you've made it worse.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00836-00185935-00186158": "So if you can get guys to be on time,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00837-00186158-00186435": "if you can get guys to learn some simple lessons,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00838-00186435-00186530": "that's what really,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00839-00186530-00186725": "like when you deal with talented people", "42CvaTlPsZg-00840-00186841-00187022": "the ones that become great", "42CvaTlPsZg-00841-00187022-00187354": "are the ones that can do simple things over and over.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00842-00187354-00187550": "Like you think in your mind, man he's great", "42CvaTlPsZg-00843-00187550-00187908": "well he had to do extraordinary things.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00844-00187908-00188086": "No, he's just really really good", "42CvaTlPsZg-00845-00188086-00188353": "and really really consistent at simple things.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00846-00188353-00188496": "That's life.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00847-00188496-00188579": "That's the way it is.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00848-00188579-00188718": "You get guys that are structured.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00849-00188718-00188919": "You get guys that you've ever dealt with", "42CvaTlPsZg-00850-00188919-00189094": "that have like a military background", "42CvaTlPsZg-00851-00189094-00189315": "or have you know, discipline at home,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00852-00189315-00189450": "you know when you give the order,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00853-00189450-00189622": "and you say hey this is what we're doing,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00854-00189622-00189772": "it's easy for them.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00855-00189772-00190038": "The other people it's really hard for them.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00856-00190038-00190346": "So you have to be able to create that habit and help them.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00857-00190346-00190536": "But also adversity is your friend.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00858-00190624-00190802": "Don't look at adversity like it's that bad a thing", "42CvaTlPsZg-00859-00190802-00191068": "that you can't keep having it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00860-00191068-00191151": "But it is your friend.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00861-00191151-00191364": "It will help you, and it will help you grow", "42CvaTlPsZg-00862-00191450-00191691": "if you use it in the right manner.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00863-00191691-00191947": "- Yeah on our end I think there are a lot of things", "42CvaTlPsZg-00864-00191947-00192103": "that are a little bit different about our company.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00865-00192103-00192223": "It's one of the reasons I love it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00866-00192223-00192404": "One of them is how we behave under adversity.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00867-00192404-00192684": "I think many leaders of a company like Lilly", "42CvaTlPsZg-00868-00192684-00192817": "would worry about that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00869-00192817-00193093": "To be honest, when there's clear and present danger", "42CvaTlPsZg-00870-00193093-00193239": "at all levels of the company I've worked,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00871-00193239-00193483": "around the world and including in some of", "42CvaTlPsZg-00872-00193483-00193795": "the darkest hours for the corporate entity,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00873-00193795-00194067": "which you know we faced some serious situations,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00874-00194067-00194191": "not so long ago,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00875-00194276-00194477": "actually people in our company,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00876-00194477-00194658": "I think because we do something", "42CvaTlPsZg-00877-00194658-00194797": "pretty important for the world,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00878-00194797-00194922": "it's been going on a long time,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00879-00194922-00195029": "people feel like they're part of", "42CvaTlPsZg-00880-00195029-00195197": "something bigger than themselves,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00881-00195197-00195425": "and that, it's amazing how people rally.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00882-00195425-00195671": "They just want to know how do I help.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00883-00195671-00195959": "I'm actually more worried about like your preseason,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00884-00195959-00196067": "is when things are going well,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00885-00196067-00196271": "and things are going pretty well right now,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00886-00196271-00196485": "how do we sustain edge?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00887-00196485-00196724": "And I feel like I'm the grumpiest guy in the room", "42CvaTlPsZg-00888-00196724-00196831": "right now all the time because", "42CvaTlPsZg-00889-00196831-00197112": "I'm looking for ways to make people a little bit", "42CvaTlPsZg-00890-00197112-00197353": "like well that's not good enough.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00891-00197353-00197661": "And I'm sure that's annoying my staff extensively.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00892-00197661-00198003": "But having seen ups and downs,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00893-00198003-00198141": "you know what it's like the other way,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00894-00198141-00198355": "and you don't want to ever be there again.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00895-00198355-00198700": "So I feel like my job is to find ways to", "42CvaTlPsZg-00896-00198700-00198974": "keep getting better against ourselves,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00897-00198974-00199117": "even when we're at the top.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00898-00199117-00199301": "That's a difficult thing to do.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00899-00199301-00199437": "I'm not sure in Lilly,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00900-00199437-00199757": "maybe my Lilly colleagues can disagree at the break,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00901-00199757-00199999": "that's exactly how we're wired.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00902-00199999-00200128": "I think when there's a desperate need", "42CvaTlPsZg-00903-00200128-00200335": "people rally like nothing else", "42CvaTlPsZg-00904-00200335-00200487": "in our business, a complex business.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00905-00200487-00200617": "So we need lots of people to do it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00906-00200617-00200905": "I can't possibly know everything, nobody can.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00907-00200905-00201142": "It's more of when you're trying to sustain success.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00908-00201142-00201420": "How do we keep looking beyond the shores of Indiana?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00909-00201420-00201784": "How do we seek to really change the course of the company", "42CvaTlPsZg-00910-00201784-00201922": "for a long time?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00911-00201922-00202132": "And we have a chance to do that right now.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00912-00202347-00202575": "That's what's itching me a little bit, yeah.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00913-00202575-00202878": "- [Mike] Let's talk a little bit about Lilly and", "42CvaTlPsZg-00914-00202878-00203167": "I'm sure these students would love to hear how to", "42CvaTlPsZg-00915-00203167-00203365": "latch on down the road.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00916-00203365-00203640": "In fact Lilly has hired more people from Purdue", "42CvaTlPsZg-00917-00203640-00203861": "than any other university in the world.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00918-00203861-00203944": "- That's right.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00919-00203944-00204298": "- [Mike] And it's got to be more than it's 60 miles away.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00920-00204298-00204552": "What else is involved in that?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00921-00204552-00204801": "- That may have something to do with it in some ways.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00922-00204801-00205009": "(laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-00923-00205117-00205319": "We're the only drug company in Indiana", "42CvaTlPsZg-00924-00205319-00205591": "so people don't come to Indiana to find jobs", "42CvaTlPsZg-00925-00205591-00205674": "in the drug industry,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00926-00205674-00205923": "we bring them to Indiana to be in the drug industry.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00927-00206026-00206223": "But the institutions have had a long history", "42CvaTlPsZg-00928-00206223-00206355": "as we described.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00929-00206355-00206554": "Back and forth the Lilly's are very involved", "42CvaTlPsZg-00930-00206554-00206678": "with Purdue from the beginning.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00931-00206678-00206935": "I remember taking classes in the Lilly Hall of Life Science", "42CvaTlPsZg-00932-00206935-00207119": "which I believe is still called that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00933-00207225-00207416": "And on and on there's lots of connectivity.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00934-00207416-00207659": "You see all the Purdue alumni in our company.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00935-00207659-00207857": "Two thousand is the number I know,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00936-00207857-00208009": "a little more than 2,000,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00937-00208009-00208384": "which I think is three times the next university.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00938-00208384-00208642": "So we are Boilermakers more than anything.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00939-00208784-00208985": "And it's across all technical functions", "42CvaTlPsZg-00940-00208985-00209068": "and that's one of the reasons.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00941-00209068-00209346": "Great technical university, we're in a technical business.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00942-00209346-00209459": "It's a great source for talent.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00943-00209459-00209721": "But I also think those values I talked about,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00944-00209721-00209980": "you know, humble people, who are willing to work hard", "42CvaTlPsZg-00945-00209980-00210111": "on tough problems,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00946-00210111-00210223": "and like working together.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00947-00210223-00210356": "I think those are,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00948-00210356-00210626": "the Purdue people have done well, they stay.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00949-00210710-00210916": "And that's I think important.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00950-00210916-00211289": "At our leadership team, I think I'm the second or third", "42CvaTlPsZg-00951-00211289-00211590": "CEO to have touched Purdue in some way.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00952-00211590-00211839": "There's a number of executive committee members who've", "42CvaTlPsZg-00953-00211839-00212029": "graduated through the years from Purdue.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00954-00212029-00212250": "People do well from this school.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00955-00212250-00212428": "And so that's why we're here en masse today.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00956-00212428-00212683": "We want to find some more Boilermakers.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00957-00212683-00212782": "- [Mike] What do you look for?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00958-00212782-00212939": "What, what, - Yeah.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00959-00212939-00213081": "You want to be humble and all that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00960-00213081-00213271": "You're not going to get that in the resume though.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00961-00213271-00213355": "What do you look for?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00962-00213355-00213467": "- Well it's, right, people are competitive,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00963-00213467-00213596": "people want to put on their best.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00964-00213596-00213728": "But you know it's connecting to the mission.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00965-00213728-00213869": "Why do you want to work in this company?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00966-00213869-00214101": "Because the work is complicated, it's hard.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00967-00214101-00214382": "And as I said, the 20, maybe,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00968-00214382-00214612": "maybe I'm getting old now and I have kids of my own,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00969-00214612-00214990": "but the perception of millennials is impatience, right?", "42CvaTlPsZg-00970-00214990-00215192": "This is a business where our business takes time.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00971-00215192-00215419": "It's not fast paced", "42CvaTlPsZg-00972-00215419-00215589": "where you're going to launch a product every six months", "42CvaTlPsZg-00973-00215589-00215751": "and that's really exciting.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00974-00215751-00215921": "Things are hard technically.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00975-00215921-00216110": "Biology is the last unknown science.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00976-00216110-00216303": "We really don't know what we're doing in biology.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00977-00216303-00216523": "We're still figuring it out.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00978-00216523-00216702": "And that's how the human body works.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00979-00216702-00216834": "So that makes it exciting", "42CvaTlPsZg-00980-00216834-00217078": "because breakthroughs are really miracles still.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00981-00217078-00217373": "But it takes enormous kind of,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00982-00217373-00217515": "you have to assault", "42CvaTlPsZg-00983-00217653-00217811": "these ideas with numbers", "42CvaTlPsZg-00984-00217811-00218010": "because most of them don't work out.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00985-00218010-00218281": "So that kind of discipline in understanding that", "42CvaTlPsZg-00986-00218281-00218544": "there will be a lot of failure along the way.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00987-00218544-00218894": "Those are attributes that, that actually matters.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00988-00218894-00219129": "I think you know also um,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00989-00219129-00219535": "the personal growth, open to learning, curious,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00990-00219535-00219669": "and as I said that", "42CvaTlPsZg-00991-00219669-00219842": "if you're willing to do that over a long period of time", "42CvaTlPsZg-00992-00219842-00220078": "you can have a fantastic career", "42CvaTlPsZg-00993-00220078-00220338": "in leadership or in technical advancement,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00994-00220338-00220473": "because that's our belief.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00995-00220473-00220669": "We want to keep people as long as we can,", "42CvaTlPsZg-00996-00220669-00220846": "longer than coach can.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00997-00220846-00221000": "We want 35 year careers.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00998-00221000-00221204": "We want people to grow and develop with us.", "42CvaTlPsZg-00999-00221204-00221429": "I guarantee you everything we're hiring for,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01000-00221429-00221615": "you for, in May,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01001-00221615-00221877": "you will not be important in five years.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01002-00221877-00222073": "You'll have to relearn new technical skills", "42CvaTlPsZg-01003-00222073-00222246": "or learn management skills.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01004-00222246-00222532": "It's about who you are and your curiosity that matters.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01005-00222656-00222865": "- [Mike] What do they want to avoid?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01006-00222865-00223046": "- In interviewing with us?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01007-00223046-00223262": "- [Mike] In preparing to work at Lilly.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01008-00223262-00223384": "What are the, - Well, I think,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01009-00223384-00223602": "what are the adverse characteristics?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01010-00223602-00223737": "- Don't be under prepared.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01011-00223737-00223923": "I think those transferrable skills", "42CvaTlPsZg-01012-00223923-00224061": "I spoke about are important.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01013-00224061-00224433": "So if you're just an expert in your field that's good", "42CvaTlPsZg-01014-00224433-00224617": "but probably not going to be good enough.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01015-00224617-00224846": "So take the advantage this year if you're a senior.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01016-00224846-00224951": "Get involved in things.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01017-00224951-00225219": "Grow yourself in ways that will help you", "42CvaTlPsZg-01018-00225219-00225567": "perform in an organization, not just a classroom.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01019-00225567-00225867": "Those are things you can do to up your odds.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01020-00225867-00226138": "- [Mike] Let's talk about, once you've got them,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01021-00226138-00226289": "once you've got the players", "42CvaTlPsZg-01022-00226289-00226694": "what do you as a coach and as a leader of a business", "42CvaTlPsZg-01023-00226694-00226916": "to build leadership within those teams?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01024-00227080-00227214": "- Right", "42CvaTlPsZg-01025-00227214-00227352": "- [Mike] Each group is going to have a leader.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01026-00227352-00227657": "How do you get a person up to that level?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01027-00227657-00227967": "- Well I think to piggyback off of what he said", "42CvaTlPsZg-01028-00227967-00228368": "kind of the makeup of a person that you want", "42CvaTlPsZg-01029-00228368-00228680": "is somebody who is hard working, intelligent and loyal,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01030-00228680-00228794": "because an intelligent person", "42CvaTlPsZg-01031-00228794-00229008": "is going to be able to adapt and change.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01032-00229102-00229388": "You see in our business sometimes", "42CvaTlPsZg-01033-00229388-00229752": "when you have somebody with a high test score and a low GPA", "42CvaTlPsZg-01034-00229752-00230051": "those guys are going to fail more times than not", "42CvaTlPsZg-01035-00230051-00230165": "because they have the talent", "42CvaTlPsZg-01036-00230165-00230339": "but they don't have the work ethic.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01037-00230339-00230631": "Now you'll see somebody with a low test score", "42CvaTlPsZg-01038-00230631-00231019": "and a higher GPA then they might not have as much resources", "42CvaTlPsZg-01039-00231019-00231336": "but they have the work ethic because they put in the time.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01040-00231455-00231700": "So just, you know, whenever you're trying to deal", "42CvaTlPsZg-01041-00231931-00232029": "and trying to figure things out", "42CvaTlPsZg-01042-00232029-00232298": "and you have leadership and you're trying to grow guys", "42CvaTlPsZg-01043-00232298-00232486": "I think sometimes it's kind of like your parents.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01044-00232486-00232631": "Like you won't listen to your parents", "42CvaTlPsZg-01045-00232631-00232846": "but if somebody else gave the same message", "42CvaTlPsZg-01046-00232846-00232982": "you'll come home and tell your parents", "42CvaTlPsZg-01047-00232982-00233192": "hey check out, listen to this.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01048-00233192-00233291": "Listen to what I heard today.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01049-00233291-00233451": "And you'd be like, man my mom,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01050-00233451-00233642": "obviously your mom's losing her mind,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01051-00233642-00233867": "like I've said it to you a million times", "42CvaTlPsZg-01052-00233867-00233978": "but yet you wouldn't take it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01053-00233978-00234219": "Sometimes the message", "42CvaTlPsZg-01054-00234219-00234492": "from other people is very powerful.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01055-00234492-00234698": "First of all words are powerful.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01056-00234698-00234976": "So one of things I've tried to do is never forget", "42CvaTlPsZg-01057-00234976-00235158": "how it feels to be a player.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01058-00235158-00235442": "And I want people to feel good about themselves.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01059-00235442-00235604": "We do personality testing now.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01060-00235604-00235769": "We started about six, seven years ago", "42CvaTlPsZg-01061-00235769-00235999": "which all major companies kind of do it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01062-00235999-00236161": "One of the", "42CvaTlPsZg-01063-00236161-00236287": "characteristics in mine,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01064-00236287-00236601": "and there's nobody in our support staff", "42CvaTlPsZg-01065-00236601-00236938": "there's nobody on our team that has this characteristic", "42CvaTlPsZg-01066-00236938-00237076": "and it's inner harmony,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01067-00237076-00237212": "and it's one of mine.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01068-00237212-00237463": "So when things are wrong it bothers me.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01069-00237463-00237569": "So I've just got to fix it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01070-00237569-00237755": "So if something bothers me with Raphael,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01071-00237755-00237913": "I've got to talk to Raphael.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01072-00237913-00238056": "I don't have to talk to him for an hour,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01073-00238056-00238209": "but I've got to talk to him for a couple of minutes.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01074-00238209-00238348": "I've got to get it right.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01075-00238348-00238654": "So I think those things are so important.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01076-00238654-00238875": "To be able to bring others in", "42CvaTlPsZg-01077-00238875-00239036": "to deliver that message.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01078-00239036-00239344": "So we've had people come in in drugs and alcohol", "42CvaTlPsZg-01079-00239344-00239553": "Chris Herren who had his own 30 for 30", "42CvaTlPsZg-01080-00239711-00239939": "that was very very powerful, he's come in a couple of times.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01081-00239939-00240130": "We've had the Navy Seals come in.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01082-00240130-00240321": "We've had Clark Kellogg come in,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01083-00240321-00240641": "who is kind of life after basketball.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01084-00240641-00240817": "You are guys are too young, but Clark Kellogg was a", "42CvaTlPsZg-01085-00240817-00241194": "great, great college and professional basketball player.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01086-00241194-00241391": "Had knee troubles and only played eight,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01087-00241391-00241621": "nine years in the NBA.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01088-00241621-00241729": "- [Dave] Pacers.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01089-00241729-00241861": "- Um, for the Pacers, yes.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01090-00241861-00242060": "But has been a broadcaster, has been a mentor,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01091-00242060-00242281": "has been an analyst, just a super human being.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01092-00242281-00242431": "He's come in to talk to our guys.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01093-00242431-00242619": "So I could keep going,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01094-00242619-00243080": "I can't get enough people to come in to send my message", "42CvaTlPsZg-01095-00243080-00243289": "because I become Charlie Brown's teacher.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01096-00243289-00243453": "I become your mom or dad.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01097-00243453-00243694": "You know, this is what you hear.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01098-00243694-00243930": "There's time in the year that I stay away", "42CvaTlPsZg-01099-00244111-00244227": "on purpose.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01100-00244227-00244310": "I just stay away.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01101-00244310-00244616": "They can't get me every day for 12 months.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01102-00244616-00244699": "They just can't.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01103-00244699-00244925": "So when I have to deliver messages,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01104-00244925-00245023": "and I have to be consistent.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01105-00245023-00245235": "I'm very consistent in my messages.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01106-00245235-00245435": "I don't get off it too much.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01107-00245435-00245682": "So they know, if they're paying attention,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01108-00245842-00246151": "what I want, how I want it and how we go about it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01109-00246151-00246315": "We have a personality guy that comes in", "42CvaTlPsZg-01110-00246315-00246464": "does personality profiling.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01111-00246464-00246858": "He meets with them every year and explains who I am.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01112-00246858-00247092": "If you're late, if you don't go to breakfast,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01113-00247092-00247198": "it flies all over me.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01114-00247198-00247396": "And you're like man what's the big deal?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01115-00247396-00247590": "It is a big deal, it's a big deal to me.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01116-00247590-00247886": "But I want to find out also what's a big deal to you.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01117-00247886-00248058": "So if something's a big deal to you,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01118-00248058-00248287": "I'm going to make sure that I try to follow up on it", "42CvaTlPsZg-01119-00248287-00248434": "within reason.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01120-00248434-00248550": "I mean you can't say crazy stuff,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01121-00248550-00248707": "(laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-01122-00248707-00248791": "but within reason.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01123-00248791-00248976": "So if something is a big deal to you,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01124-00248976-00249132": "you know I want, you know,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01125-00249132-00249367": "I want to make sure that you know that it's important.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01126-00249367-00249521": "It really isn't that important to me,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01127-00249521-00249796": "but now it is because it's important to you.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01128-00249796-00249994": "So things of that nature.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01129-00249994-00250189": "And then just you know", "42CvaTlPsZg-01130-00250189-00250278": "I think", "42CvaTlPsZg-01131-00250278-00250386": "in leadership", "42CvaTlPsZg-01132-00250473-00250621": "about the only thing I'm really good at", "42CvaTlPsZg-01133-00250621-00250758": "is being Matt Painter", "42CvaTlPsZg-01134-00250758-00250867": "after a while.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01135-00250867-00250969": "- [Mike] Pretty good at that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01136-00250969-00251286": "- I've tried to copy everybody.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01137-00251286-00251390": "You know you look at people,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01138-00251390-00251623": "you know I'm not Gene Keady,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01139-00251623-00251802": "but I've used his blueprint.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01140-00251802-00251981": "I've taken a lot of his principles,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01141-00251981-00252082": "but I'm not him.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01142-00252266-00252517": "And so I think that's the", "42CvaTlPsZg-01143-00252517-00252761": "kind of the message that I send to our guys and try to send", "42CvaTlPsZg-01144-00252761-00252928": "it's okay being you.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01145-00252928-00253012": "You know you are good enough.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01146-00253012-00253209": "A lot of times we just don't think we're good enough.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01147-00253209-00253421": "When in reality if you've got someone there that can say", "42CvaTlPsZg-01148-00253421-00253587": "hey you know, you are good enough.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01149-00253587-00253819": "And your best is good enough.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01150-00253819-00254009": "And I try to do that from", "42CvaTlPsZg-01151-00254009-00254228": "I'm probably only the parent in the world that doesn't", "42CvaTlPsZg-01152-00254228-00254311": "(laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-01153-00254311-00254494": "care about grades, I could care less.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01154-00254494-00254670": "And you guys are looking at me like,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01155-00254670-00254864": "if you give your best things are going to work out.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01156-00254864-00255109": "And if your best, and biology is not your cup of tea,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01157-00255109-00255330": "and you get a C, then you get a C.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01158-00255330-00255419": "Who cares?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01159-00255506-00255718": "I've yet to do an algebra equation", "42CvaTlPsZg-01160-00255718-00255857": "(laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-01161-00255857-00255957": "as a coach.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01162-00255957-00256069": "I'm yet to do one.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01163-00256069-00256154": "I understand the importance of it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01164-00256154-00256237": "I understand the importance of", "42CvaTlPsZg-01165-00256237-00256400": "doing things that you don't want to do.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01166-00256400-00256544": "Because that's life man.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01167-00256544-00256751": "If you learn to do things that you don't want to do", "42CvaTlPsZg-01168-00256751-00256992": "you get to do the things that you do want to do.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01169-00256992-00257334": "And so you have to have some things in front of you", "42CvaTlPsZg-01170-00257442-00257612": "that are tough for you, that you don't like,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01171-00257612-00257775": "that you can push through and", "42CvaTlPsZg-01172-00257775-00257932": "then now that really allows you to do that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01173-00257932-00258092": "But I'm just big on that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01174-00258092-00258411": "I'm big on put your best foot in front of you,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01175-00258411-00258636": "tying your best, having a good attitude", "42CvaTlPsZg-01176-00258636-00258863": "and things will take care of themselves.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01177-00258863-00259169": "- Yeah for us you know we hire people for jobs", "42CvaTlPsZg-01178-00259169-00259346": "but more for career.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01179-00259346-00259561": "So learning and development is key.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01180-00259561-00259712": "But the first thing we have to do", "42CvaTlPsZg-01181-00259712-00259948": "is make sure you know how to do the job you're in.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01182-00259948-00260221": "That's our responsibility, that's your responsibility,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01183-00260221-00260486": "but it's also kind of our promise to customers", "42CvaTlPsZg-01184-00260486-00260689": "and to people who rely on our medicine.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01185-00260689-00260954": "That's the basics, that has to,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01186-00260954-00261078": "you have to be good at that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01187-00261078-00261191": "That's the first thing.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01188-00261191-00261400": "And then you know it sort of branches into two parts.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01189-00261400-00261552": "I think,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01190-00261552-00261813": "we do have a number of programs that", "42CvaTlPsZg-01191-00261813-00262137": "are about teaching people do things beyond their job", "42CvaTlPsZg-01192-00262137-00262317": "so they're ready for the next thing.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01193-00262412-00262622": "But a fair amount of development in my personal experience", "42CvaTlPsZg-01194-00262622-00262818": "doesn't happen in those programs,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01195-00262818-00263030": "doesn't happen by reading articles,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01196-00263030-00263285": "it happens by putting yourself in situations", "42CvaTlPsZg-01197-00263285-00263493": "where you're not very comfortable.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01198-00263493-00263774": "Because you, I think survival instincts take over", "42CvaTlPsZg-01199-00263774-00264027": "and you have to change yourself to be successful.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01200-00264027-00264213": "That's what growth looks like.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01201-00264213-00264407": "So stretching yourself", "42CvaTlPsZg-01202-00264407-00264596": "beyond the scope of doing your job well", "42CvaTlPsZg-01203-00264596-00264813": "is important for growth and development.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01204-00264813-00265118": "And then outside of the direct corners of the job", "42CvaTlPsZg-01205-00265118-00265282": "people have to be curious and seek it out.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01206-00265282-00265518": "I think that sort of self-development plan", "42CvaTlPsZg-01207-00265518-00265819": "is an important part of succeeding as well.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01208-00265819-00265945": "The good news is in our company is,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01209-00265945-00266253": "a lot of people come and they want all those things.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01210-00266253-00266540": "And that allows us to have the sort of long career path", "42CvaTlPsZg-01211-00266540-00266779": "and growth and development within the company.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01212-00266873-00267062": "- [Mike] Alright, your chance.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01213-00267062-00267304": "Any questions for Coach Painter?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01214-00267304-00267429": "- Well maybe one question.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01215-00267429-00267785": "Raphael Davis worked for you for a while", "42CvaTlPsZg-01216-00267785-00267888": "now he works for me.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01217-00267984-00268068": "(laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-01218-00268068-00268214": "Anything I need to know about this guy?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01219-00268214-00268297": "(laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-01220-00268297-00268441": "- Ah there you go.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01221-00268441-00268622": "Well he, he's", "42CvaTlPsZg-01222-00268622-00269016": "like every one of your guys, your dream is play in the NBA.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01223-00269016-00269304": "And I always talk about having two dreams.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01224-00269304-00269397": "We have a dream through basketball", "42CvaTlPsZg-01225-00269397-00269607": "and we have a dream through education.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01226-00269607-00269831": "And I always say fools have one dream.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01227-00269831-00270160": "In our world, fools have one dream.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01228-00270160-00270366": "Because you're an injury away from things.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01229-00270366-00270634": "You're in the less than 1%,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01230-00270634-00270908": "even after you make, you know Division 1 basketball.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01231-00271058-00271186": "You know Raphael was a guy", "42CvaTlPsZg-01232-00271186-00271571": "that we've been to 10 out of 12 NCAA tournaments,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01233-00271571-00271799": "and Raphael was the guy that in his first two years,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01234-00271799-00271962": "did not go.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01235-00271962-00272279": "And kind of in the face of adversity,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01236-00272279-00272376": "you know he was the guy", "42CvaTlPsZg-01237-00272376-00272624": "who handled things behind the scenes for us,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01238-00272720-00272926": "and got us back in to the NCAA tournament.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01239-00272926-00273061": "We didn't,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01240-00273233-00273480": "we won the Big Ten the year after he left,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01241-00273480-00273875": "and we gave him a Big Ten ring for all that he did,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01242-00273875-00274060": "to help us get to that point.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01243-00274203-00274287": "And you just,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01244-00274287-00274538": "you know when you get to those decisions,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01245-00274538-00274712": "so many guys' pride,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01246-00274712-00274797": "I always say your pride", "42CvaTlPsZg-01247-00274797-00275061": "can't get in the way of your paycheck.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01248-00275061-00275377": "You know, your pride gets in your way as a player.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01249-00275377-00275473": "You know not as a person,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01250-00275473-00275780": "but we all have that ego, we all have that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01251-00275780-00276016": "And then he was trying to play right away overseas", "42CvaTlPsZg-01252-00276016-00276236": "he was really working hard to get that point.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01253-00276236-00276489": "And then this opportunity came up", "42CvaTlPsZg-01254-00276489-00276584": "and I just said you can go,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01255-00276584-00276806": "you can go to Germany for three or four years,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01256-00276806-00277043": "but you've got Eli Lilly the rest of your life.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01257-00277043-00277379": "And so a lot of times that doesn't resonate with someone", "42CvaTlPsZg-01258-00277379-00277691": "who at a young age, it's hard to be,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01259-00277691-00277911": "it's hard to really be intelligent as a young person.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01260-00277911-00278062": "Because you just haven't lived enough.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01261-00278062-00278145": "It just is.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01262-00278145-00278287": "I don't care what your board scores are,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01263-00278287-00278462": "you just haven't lived long enough.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01264-00278620-00278743": "You haven't made enough mistakes.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01265-00278743-00278980": "But Raphael was", "42CvaTlPsZg-01266-00278980-00279334": "he was groomed through structure.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01267-00279334-00279527": "His dad's got a military background and stuff.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01268-00279527-00279754": "At times he didn't have a choice.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01269-00279754-00280086": "He gets that part of it, he gets the big picture.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01270-00280086-00280333": "- Well I called his sales director on the way up here", "42CvaTlPsZg-01271-00280333-00280472": "to see how he's doing.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01272-00280472-00280791": "Rookie of the year last, the first year on his team.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01273-00280791-00280881": "That's good news.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01274-00280881-00281033": "Made his numbers.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01275-00281033-00281255": "A little bit behind right now, I heard.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01276-00281255-00281352": "But he's working on it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01277-00281352-00281435": "(audience laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-01278-00281435-00281554": "But he's competitive, I know that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01279-00281554-00281729": "So we're lucky to have you Rapheal.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01280-00281936-00282133": "That's right we always say you have to beat your last year.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01281-00282133-00282343": "- That's coaching, you're only going to,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01282-00282343-00282726": "your guide as a coach is your best season.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01283-00282726-00282902": "That's how fans look at it,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01284-00282902-00282985": "that's how people look at it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01285-00282985-00283272": "It's not realistic, but that's just the way it is.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01286-00283272-00283533": "So when you get into sales, it's the same way.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01287-00283630-00283787": "Now you have your best year of sales,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01288-00283787-00283975": "which is obviously his first year.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01289-00283975-00284105": "And so now that's,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01290-00284105-00284192": "- [Dave] Now you've got to beat it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01291-00284192-00284309": "- Yeah and if you beat it, then it changes.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01292-00284309-00284653": "- New baseline, yeah that's right, that's good.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01293-00284653-00284878": "- [Mike] We've got about 10 minutes left.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01294-00284878-00285140": "We've got the coach and we've got the CEO up here.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01295-00285140-00285404": "Anybody in the audience have a question for any of them?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01296-00285761-00285951": "There's one back there, let's hear it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01297-00286053-00286197": "- [Audience Member] As you think about", "42CvaTlPsZg-01298-00286197-00286354": "the people that you work with,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01299-00286354-00286635": "assistant coaches or an executive team,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01300-00286724-00286907": "your styles, how you work with them,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01301-00286907-00287077": "do you find yourself", "42CvaTlPsZg-01302-00287077-00287387": "questioning and grilling and challenging them?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01303-00287387-00287612": "Or more of an internal thing and supporting?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01304-00287779-00288248": "And second question, how to shut down Romeo Langford?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01305-00288380-00288463": "(laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-01306-00288463-00288587": "- [Matt] There you go.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01307-00288587-00288687": "Well the first question,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01308-00288687-00288945": "we kind of have a well-oiled machine", "42CvaTlPsZg-01309-00288945-00289085": "when you're allowed to stay.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01310-00289085-00289285": "There's 14 teams in the Big Ten,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01311-00289285-00289530": "there's only one coach that has been there longer", "42CvaTlPsZg-01312-00289704-00289787": "than I have.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01313-00289787-00289977": "It's Tom Izzo at Michigan State.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01314-00289977-00290325": "But Elliot Bloom is our director of basketball operations.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01315-00290325-00290616": "You know he's worked at Duke, he's worked at Kansas,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01316-00290616-00290756": "he's worked for Coach Keady.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01317-00290859-00291140": "He's been with me and he really runs our show.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01318-00291140-00291397": "And so him and I really collaborate on", "42CvaTlPsZg-01319-00291397-00291686": "what's the best thing for our players,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01320-00291686-00291827": "what's the best thing for our program,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01321-00291827-00292088": "and we're constantly trying to learn", "42CvaTlPsZg-01322-00292188-00292415": "to improve our product and to understand things", "42CvaTlPsZg-01323-00292415-00292874": "so from a marketing, promotions, camp, academics.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01324-00293055-00293403": "We have a very good academic system at our place.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01325-00293403-00293602": "There's no loopholes too it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01326-00293602-00293811": "But it starts with discipline,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01327-00293811-00293981": "starts with doing what you're supposed to be doing.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01328-00293981-00294241": "So a lot of things that you're talking about", "42CvaTlPsZg-01329-00294241-00294545": "like we're constantly picking at other people.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01330-00294545-00294770": "I went to a clinic last week for two days", "42CvaTlPsZg-01331-00294770-00294893": "in Gainesville, Florida,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01332-00294893-00295130": "not to speak but to learn.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01333-00295130-00295327": "So you're constantly learning.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01334-00295327-00295575": "So when you stop learning you're in trouble.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01335-00295575-00295738": "And so I think that's why we've been able", "42CvaTlPsZg-01336-00295738-00295872": "to have a lot of success.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01337-00295872-00296092": "But I also, he's very intelligent.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01338-00296249-00296406": "He could work at Eli Lilly,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01339-00296406-00296563": "he could work in Fortune 500 companies.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01340-00296563-00296711": "He's very, very sharp.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01341-00296711-00297040": "But I've gotten him to stay.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01342-00297040-00297276": "So any time I have extra money, camp money, whatever,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01343-00297276-00297569": "I just try to give him as much money as I can to stay.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01344-00297569-00297780": "But he's very valuable for our,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01345-00297914-00298042": "you know for our program.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01346-00298042-00298155": "In terms of Romeo Langford,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01347-00298155-00298394": "Romeo Langford's a very talented player,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01348-00298394-00298519": "very talented player.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01349-00298519-00298686": "I had a guy that was in,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01350-00298686-00298940": "well I wouldn't call it my class, I'd call it his class", "42CvaTlPsZg-01351-00298940-00299323": "that was from the state of Kentucky named Allan Houston,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01352-00299323-00299496": "who was a really good pro and", "42CvaTlPsZg-01353-00299630-00299900": "who ended up his dad got the head coaching job at Tennessee,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01354-00299900-00300016": "this was 30 years ago.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01355-00300119-00300271": "He kind of reminds me of him.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01356-00300378-00300626": "Very very effortless in terms of how he can shoot the ball", "42CvaTlPsZg-01357-00300626-00300940": "and release the basketball, there.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01358-00300940-00301189": "So sometimes some of the pressure that's put on.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01359-00301189-00301514": "I played with Glenn Robinson so I felt it firsthand.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01360-00301514-00301712": "You have so much coming at you.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01361-00301813-00302054": "But he's a good kid, he's a really good kid.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01362-00302054-00302262": "And he's a really good player.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01363-00302262-00302371": "So that's what it's about.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01364-00302371-00302533": "That's what's coming to the Big Ten.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01365-00302533-00302665": "That's what you want.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01366-00302665-00302846": "You want to go against those type of guys.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01367-00302846-00302970": "You want to compete against those guys.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01368-00302970-00303255": "I had a chance to go up against the Fab Five.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01369-00303255-00303491": "Jimmy Jackson's Ohio State teams.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01370-00303491-00303814": "Calbert Cheaney's teams, Steve Smith at Michigan State.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01371-00303814-00303976": "That was unbelievably fun,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01372-00303976-00304064": "but that's the challenge that you want.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01373-00304064-00304193": "You want to play.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01374-00304364-00304639": "You want to play against the best.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01375-00304639-00304744": "But no, I'm a big fan of his.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01376-00304744-00304870": "He's a good player.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01377-00304870-00305141": "I don't try to, I know it might sound crazy,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01378-00305141-00305354": "but I don't try to demonize our opponents.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01379-00305354-00305461": "I'm not that guy.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01380-00305461-00305598": "I've got respect for him.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01381-00305598-00305916": "Now we're going to compete, and we're going to play hard.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01382-00305916-00306231": "But we're looking forward to it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01383-00306231-00306363": "- [Mike] Now you know back in those days,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01384-00306363-00306531": "we had a threepeat too, so.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01385-00306531-00306872": "Purdue had a lot to offer as well as those guys.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01386-00307048-00307257": "- I mean for me,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01387-00307257-00307511": "how I manage has probably changed through the years", "42CvaTlPsZg-01388-00307511-00307602": "to be honest.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01389-00307602-00308027": "One reason is because senior people are pretty good, right?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01390-00308259-00308627": "Some are newer and they need a little more direction,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01391-00308627-00308828": "a little more assistance.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01392-00308951-00309199": "But kind of a philosophy I have in leading is", "42CvaTlPsZg-01393-00309199-00309326": "everybody can do more.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01394-00309439-00309615": "Everybody can be more.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01395-00309615-00309930": "But if you push them too far, then people", "42CvaTlPsZg-01396-00309930-00310137": "they're not going to buy into that", "42CvaTlPsZg-01397-00310223-00310338": "and it's too uncomfortable.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01398-00310338-00310533": "At the same time, if you don't push at all,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01399-00310533-00310731": "then there's no respect and it's,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01400-00310731-00310922": "you're going to lose your edge.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01401-00310922-00311241": "I try to find that sweet spot with each of my direct reports", "42CvaTlPsZg-01402-00311241-00311410": "where I give them something to think about", "42CvaTlPsZg-01403-00311410-00311597": "that they need to be improving.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01404-00311597-00311801": "And so you're always growing.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01405-00311801-00311974": "Not too much, not too little,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01406-00311974-00312079": "that's sort of the idea.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01407-00312079-00312221": "And then in terms of the style.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01408-00312221-00312667": "You know as a group, I don't believe in public prosecutions", "42CvaTlPsZg-01409-00312667-00313049": "you know I do that privately and sometimes it's heated but", "42CvaTlPsZg-01410-00313049-00313549": "as a group that's not what I do, more supportive.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01411-00313592-00313758": "- [Mike] Question back here.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01412-00313758-00313927": "- [Audience Member] When you're recruiting", "42CvaTlPsZg-01413-00313927-00314151": "a basketball player or an executive,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01414-00314267-00314453": "what's something that they might say or do", "42CvaTlPsZg-01415-00314453-00314791": "that just really fires you up and you're like", "42CvaTlPsZg-01416-00314791-00314991": "I gotta get this guy, or I've got to get this woman.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01417-00314991-00315280": "I want that person on my team.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01418-00315280-00315474": "- Um,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01419-00315474-00315706": "I don't know if it's something they say,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01420-00315706-00315936": "but I think the old adage in recruiting is", "42CvaTlPsZg-01421-00315936-00316264": "judge people on what they do and not on what they say.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01422-00316264-00316460": "But you just kind of know it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01423-00316578-00316761": "I dig into the external piece of it,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01424-00316761-00316956": "which is, outside of the production,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01425-00316956-00317085": "the physical production,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01426-00317183-00317375": "after you've checked off everything,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01427-00317375-00317608": "the external piece is the biggest piece for me", "42CvaTlPsZg-01428-00317745-00318011": "in terms of do they have any issues?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01429-00318011-00318255": "And the people they bring with them", "42CvaTlPsZg-01430-00318255-00318519": "are either positive or negative, there's no in between.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01431-00318612-00318785": "What can you deal with,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01432-00318785-00319032": "what can you kind of get to", "42CvaTlPsZg-01433-00319032-00319136": "at that point.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01434-00319136-00319307": "Man it's just sometimes,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01435-00319403-00319629": "you know you have a little bit of a feel about somebody.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01436-00319629-00319862": "But you just have to do your work.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01437-00319862-00320076": "They're not going to give you the answer.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01438-00320076-00320428": "It's like seeing a resume and someone has references.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01439-00320517-00320718": "I could care less what those people think.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01440-00320718-00320944": "I've got to get my own answer.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01441-00320944-00321240": "Me asking somebody's mom if they're a good kid,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01442-00321240-00321399": "I mean", "42CvaTlPsZg-01443-00321489-00321582": "you know,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01444-00321582-00321785": "heck yeah that's my baby, you know.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01445-00321785-00321869": "(laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-01446-00321869-00321953": "Yeah he's a good kid.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01447-00321953-00322177": "You know the high school coach, hey he's a good kid.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01448-00322177-00322296": "Oh really?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01449-00322296-00322379": "Okay, you know.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01450-00322379-00322510": "Everybody has a different definition,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01451-00322510-00322622": "everybody has a different,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01452-00322622-00322870": "so you have to figure things out on your own.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01453-00322870-00322963": "That's the best way.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01454-00322963-00323210": "That's the one thing about being somewhere for a long time,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01455-00323210-00323400": "and being from a certain place,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01456-00323400-00323810": "it helps you because you build that trust through the years.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01457-00323810-00324123": "You're going to have disagreements, but you build trust.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01458-00324123-00324250": "Your honesty builds trust.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01459-00324250-00324450": "And I think that's really helped us.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01460-00324559-00324860": "But it's nothing they really say.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01461-00324860-00325040": "It's trying to get a feel.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01462-00325040-00325421": "I'm more into evaluating than I am recruiting,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01463-00325421-00325625": "if that makes any sense.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01464-00325625-00325732": "I'll start recruiting", "42CvaTlPsZg-01465-00325732-00325960": "once I get the evaluation kind of figured out.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01466-00325960-00326290": "Our business is you've got to kind of get out there a lot.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01467-00326290-00326452": "You've got to come early and often.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01468-00326452-00326689": "You've got to throw your line in the water a lot.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01469-00326689-00326907": "So now the media will pick up,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01470-00326907-00327055": "they follow us and what we do,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01471-00327055-00327171": "and they'll say you should get this guy,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01472-00327171-00327314": "you should get that guy.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01473-00327314-00327527": "I want to make sure we get Purdue's guy,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01474-00327527-00327705": "not Matt Painter's guy.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01475-00327705-00327820": "You know, get Purdue's guy.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01476-00327820-00328083": "Get a guy, that education is important.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01477-00328083-00328402": "Get a guy that understands what they're getting in to.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01478-00328611-00328756": "- For us you know,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01479-00328756-00329040": "these days the people I'm interviewing", "42CvaTlPsZg-01480-00329040-00329198": "they don't get there if they're not good already.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01481-00329198-00329431": "So it's more about the, how they think.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01482-00329520-00329769": "And it's almost the opposite.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01483-00329769-00329924": "I like competitive people", "42CvaTlPsZg-01484-00329924-00330279": "who want to win for the organization and not themselves.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01485-00330279-00330477": "They want to be a part of something", "42CvaTlPsZg-01486-00330477-00330831": "not just be number one in a small pool.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01487-00330999-00331232": "I like people who admit mistakes.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01488-00331346-00331625": "I like what you said, you just keep looking for mistakes.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01489-00331625-00331895": "Because that's when you really have to reflect", "42CvaTlPsZg-01490-00331895-00332018": "and change who you are.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01491-00332018-00332228": "When you're successful, it's kind of easy.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01492-00332322-00332495": "And in an interview setting that's difficult", "42CvaTlPsZg-01493-00332495-00332691": "to sort of say oh this is the biggest mistake I made", "42CvaTlPsZg-01494-00332691-00332789": "and what I learned.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01495-00333083-00333298": "You know if those are real examples, I respect that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01496-00333298-00333451": "And if they really did learn and apply it,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01497-00333451-00333619": "I respect it even more.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01498-00333619-00333754": "So those are some of the intangible things", "42CvaTlPsZg-01499-00333754-00333942": "that make the biggest difference.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01500-00333942-00334047": "- [Mike] Time for one more.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01501-00334047-00334130": "Anybody?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01502-00334130-00334216": "Right here.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01503-00334216-00334426": "- [Audience Member] How do both of you in your positions", "42CvaTlPsZg-01504-00334426-00334747": "handle the pressure that's thrown at you every day?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01505-00334747-00335134": "And also Matt can you sign my jersey?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01506-00335134-00335217": "(laughs)", "42CvaTlPsZg-01507-00335217-00335350": "- [Matt] Sure, sure, sure.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01508-00335350-00335481": "The value might go down a little bit.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01509-00335760-00335912": "You know, pressure is", "42CvaTlPsZg-01510-00335912-00336222": "I think pressure is something for a team", "42CvaTlPsZg-01511-00336222-00336428": "that I try to talk about as", "42CvaTlPsZg-01512-00336428-00336692": "something you feel when you're not prepared.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01513-00336692-00336842": "You know, do your work,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01514-00336842-00337101": "get out in front of your problems, be prepared.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01515-00337101-00337288": "You know this is what we do,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01516-00337288-00337428": "you know this is what we do.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01517-00337428-00337662": "From a basketball standpoint,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01518-00337749-00337937": "as a coach you're a replacement.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01519-00338029-00338202": "What I mean by that is,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01520-00338202-00338404": "and he's a replacement,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01521-00338404-00338793": "they're going to have another CEO at Eli Lilly after him.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01522-00338793-00339032": "There going to have another head coach after me.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01523-00339032-00339219": "I embrace that and that's cool.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01524-00339333-00339507": "If they came in and said hey you know what", "42CvaTlPsZg-01525-00339507-00339621": "we're going to fire you,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01526-00339621-00339704": "we're going to go in the other direction,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01527-00339704-00339821": "hey man, appreciate it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01528-00339821-00339968": "I was the head coach at Purdue", "42CvaTlPsZg-01529-00339968-00340333": "13 years longer than I thought I was going to be, you know?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01530-00340333-00340489": "What's the, who am I?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01531-00340489-00340682": "I'm not that big a deal.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01532-00340682-00341104": "And so, I'm just kind of a spoke in the wheel, as a coach.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01533-00341104-00341285": "I think it's a players game.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01534-00341285-00341428": "That's my opinion.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01535-00341428-00341550": "I don't want to be on a media guide", "42CvaTlPsZg-01536-00341550-00341680": "and I don't want to be on a billboard.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01537-00341680-00341875": "I love my job and I hate the attention.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01538-00341970-00342347": "I'm okay here, but it's not something I relish.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01539-00342347-00342624": "I just, I didn't get in to coaching to make money.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01540-00342624-00342763": "I got into coaching because I love people", "42CvaTlPsZg-01541-00342763-00342924": "and I love basketball.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01542-00342924-00343096": "I'm really good in basketball trivia,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01543-00343096-00343307": "but if you're good outside of that,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01544-00343307-00343395": "I'm not good in any other trivia.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01545-00343559-00343877": "I kind of go with that ideal of that,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01546-00343968-00344088": "in terms of pressure,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01547-00344287-00344529": "even though you feel it some as a coach,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01548-00344529-00344766": "if you show it, they're going to feel it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01549-00344766-00345063": "If you don't show it and just kind of stay in the moment,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01550-00345063-00345236": "and just coach the game and be there with them.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01551-00345236-00345405": "And you have a lot of experience.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01552-00345405-00345588": "It's been my 26th year in coaching.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01553-00345588-00345708": "I played before that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01554-00345822-00346016": "So but that's the thing.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01555-00346016-00346227": "I told our guys last week,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01556-00346227-00346445": "if you do something you're not supposed to do,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01557-00346445-00346645": "and you put me in a position,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01558-00346645-00346879": "you know you're going to probably have to move", "42CvaTlPsZg-01559-00346879-00347104": "because this is about Purdue and it's not about you.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01560-00347104-00347422": "But if I do something or I don't win,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01561-00347422-00347527": "or the administration just thinks", "42CvaTlPsZg-01562-00347527-00347682": "they want to make a change, you know,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01563-00347682-00348026": "they will still play this season.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01564-00348026-00348159": "They're still going to play without you", "42CvaTlPsZg-01565-00348159-00348343": "and they're still going to play without me.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01566-00348343-00348607": "So we're very very fortunate to be at Purdue.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01567-00348607-00348825": "Don't think Purdue is fortunate to have you.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01568-00348825-00349147": "So I try to really sell that as much as I can", "42CvaTlPsZg-01569-00349147-00349300": "because these guys have gotten recruited.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01570-00349300-00349404": "These guys have gotten ranked", "42CvaTlPsZg-01571-00349404-00349617": "since they're 13, 14, 15 years old.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01572-00349617-00349884": "So I try to get the entitlement out of them", "42CvaTlPsZg-01573-00349884-00350044": "if it's in them.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01574-00350044-00350144": "I try not to recruit guys that way,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01575-00350144-00350372": "but it kind of comes a little bit.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01576-00350518-00350980": "If you can do that, you can reach them in that area.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01577-00350980-00351073": "Because the world doesn't care", "42CvaTlPsZg-01578-00351073-00351275": "if you have a turnaround jump shot.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01579-00351275-00351362": "It just doesn't.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01580-00351362-00351633": "It'd be cool, you might see someone at a bar in their 20s,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01581-00351633-00351844": "I remember you hit that shot against Michigan.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01582-00351844-00352067": "In reality, it doesn't matter.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01583-00352067-00352210": "It doesn't, it's a game of basketball.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01584-00352210-00352304": "Who cares?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01585-00352304-00352645": "But these guys get lifted up.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01586-00352645-00352972": "I think it's more of what you kind of do for humanity.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01587-00352972-00353243": "Take this position or whatever.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01588-00353243-00353395": "Help other people.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01589-00353395-00353755": "Because there's no such thing as individual success.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01590-00353755-00353865": "It's a myth.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01591-00353865-00354009": "It does not happen.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01592-00354009-00354353": "Individuals do not become successful on their own.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01593-00354353-00354692": "It's never happened ever in the course of mankind.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01594-00354692-00354903": "So a lot of times they will feel that way", "42CvaTlPsZg-01595-00354903-00355098": "as a 17, 18 year old", "42CvaTlPsZg-01596-00355098-00355213": "they will feel that and there's nothing wrong with it", "42CvaTlPsZg-01597-00355213-00355336": "it's a very natural feeling.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01598-00355336-00355457": "You've got to get them off that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01599-00355457-00355652": "You've got to get them to understand", "42CvaTlPsZg-01600-00355652-00355869": "the people that helped them and how things were shaped", "42CvaTlPsZg-01601-00355869-00356009": "and how they were fortunate.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01602-00356097-00356180": "They're fortunate", "42CvaTlPsZg-01603-00356180-00356515": "very opportunistic things have happened in their life", "42CvaTlPsZg-01604-00356515-00356795": "outside of people that are just physically dominant.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01605-00356795-00357067": "Isaac Haas is you know, he's physically dominant.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01606-00357067-00357383": "He's 7'2\", 300, wears size 22 shoes.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01607-00357383-00357570": "You know the Lord touched him on the head.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01608-00357570-00357653": "You know what I mean?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01609-00357653-00357875": "And so like he's the outlier.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01610-00357875-00358207": "So the common Joe's that are on your team is like,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01611-00358207-00358418": "hey man be thankful, be appreciative.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01612-00358418-00358815": "You know do little things to help other people out.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01613-00358815-00358953": "- [Mike] Coach Ricks?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01614-00358953-00359145": "- Great attitude, yeah I love that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01615-00359145-00359360": "Well I'm not too dissimilar.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01616-00359360-00359546": "I try not to take myself very seriously.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01617-00359546-00359721": "I think that's one piece of it.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01618-00359721-00359937": "And having kids at home helped me with that", "42CvaTlPsZg-01619-00359937-00360154": "especially a teenage girl.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01620-00360154-00360312": "She doesn't take me very seriously either", "42CvaTlPsZg-01621-00360312-00360481": "and sort of helped me.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01622-00360608-00360891": "And I do try to live simply,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01623-00360891-00361352": "I haven't really changed much about how we live in this job.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01624-00361461-00361613": "Pressure I think does come", "42CvaTlPsZg-01625-00361613-00361833": "when you feel disappointed in yourself", "42CvaTlPsZg-01626-00361833-00362055": "or a sense that you might be disappointed.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01627-00362055-00362307": "So a lot of this is about an expectation game", "42CvaTlPsZg-01628-00362307-00362616": "and then being prepared to deliver on your own expectations.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01629-00362759-00363193": "And then you just have to be, as Matt said,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01630-00363193-00363432": "you know, know your place, right?", "42CvaTlPsZg-01631-00363432-00363516": "If you think you're all that,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01632-00363516-00363694": "you're going to disappoint yourself a lot.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01633-00363792-00363969": "Rather just I want to learn, that was a mistake,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01634-00363969-00364197": "let's move on and know that some day", "42CvaTlPsZg-01635-00364197-00364300": "you're not going to be there", "42CvaTlPsZg-01636-00364300-00364593": "and hopefully you did your part to keep the organization", "42CvaTlPsZg-01637-00364593-00365028": "on a path toward whatever the ultimate goal is,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01638-00365028-00365352": "in our case, the best in our sector at making", "42CvaTlPsZg-01639-00365352-00365484": "medicines that cure disease.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01640-00365484-00365645": "That's what we're here to do.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01641-00365645-00365889": "And if we do that better than when I started,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01642-00365889-00366035": "I'll be pretty happy.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01643-00366035-00366203": "And that might be,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01644-00366203-00366345": "you know the board could fire me tomorrow,", "42CvaTlPsZg-01645-00366345-00366684": "but if we're doing it better than I'll feel okay with that.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01646-00366789-00366907": "- [Mike] I told you when we started", "42CvaTlPsZg-01647-00366907-00367081": "these guys are going to sound a lot more alike", "42CvaTlPsZg-01648-00367081-00367187": "than you might think.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01649-00367187-00367592": "I think they're almost identical people, welcome.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01650-00367592-00367803": "We appreciate this so very much.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01651-00367803-00368229": "I hope you found a lot of your next hires all through", "42CvaTlPsZg-01652-00368229-00368383": "and had a very successful Lilly Day today.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01653-00368383-00368521": "- [Dave] I hope so too, thank you for hosting us.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01654-00368521-00368620": "- [Mike] I think this has been special.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01655-00368620-00368720": "Thanks very much, Coach.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01656-00368720-00368803": "(applause)", "42CvaTlPsZg-01657-00368803-00368968": "- [Matt] Thank you.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01658-00368968-00369105": "- [Mike] And Dave Ricks.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01659-00369105-00369330": "(applause)", "42CvaTlPsZg-01660-00369556-00369639": "Boiler up.", "42CvaTlPsZg-01661-00369639-00369740": "- [Dave] Boiler up."}}, {"audio_id": "42PEhI6GRAc", "text": {"42PEhI6GRAc-00000-00000430-00000636": "Tonight, I want to talk to you about something", "42PEhI6GRAc-00001-00000636-00000947": "that I really wanted to bring some props for,", "42PEhI6GRAc-00002-00000947-00001668": "but I can't. It's fire... [laughter]", "42PEhI6GRAc-00003-00001668-00001872": "not the bad fire, not the fire that makes you", "42PEhI6GRAc-00004-00001872-00002181": "locate your nearest emergency exits, but the good fire.", "42PEhI6GRAc-00005-00002181-00002662": "You see, my good fire was fading out.", "42PEhI6GRAc-00006-00002662-00003002": "You could say I was exhibiting signs of burnout.", "42PEhI6GRAc-00007-00003002-00003454": "From the stressors of my full-time job of the last 17 years.", "42PEhI6GRAc-00008-00003454-00004160": "It was evident that I needed to find a new source of fuel.", "42PEhI6GRAc-00009-00004161-00004583": "Well, I found it. I found the fire in my heart.", "42PEhI6GRAc-00010-00004583-00004996": "The fire in my soul ... had been reignited when", "42PEhI6GRAc-00011-00004998-00005419": "I returned to Western Technical College", "42PEhI6GRAc-00012-00005419-00005843": "enrolling in the Landscape Horticulture program.", "42PEhI6GRAc-00013-00005843-00006260": "It may be an understatement, but", "42PEhI6GRAc-00014-00006260-00006470": "I absolutely love it ... love it!", "42PEhI6GRAc-00015-00006470-00006787": "It makes my heart sing because I truly", "42PEhI6GRAc-00016-00006787-00007104": "enjoy learning every aspect of the program", "42PEhI6GRAc-00017-00007104-00007517": "I'm very, very lucky to have the support of my instructors", "42PEhI6GRAc-00018-00007517-00007769": "and the resources on campus that", "42PEhI6GRAc-00019-00007770-00008252": "provide an effective learning environment.", "42PEhI6GRAc-00020-00008252-00008520": "The spark has been ignited, and everyday,", "42PEhI6GRAc-00021-00008520-00008816": "my passion for learning spreads wilder than the day before.", "42PEhI6GRAc-00022-00008816-00009172": "I never thought I'd be so excited to talk about soil ...", "42PEhI6GRAc-00023-00009172-00009591": "and turf, and plant pests and diseases.", "42PEhI6GRAc-00024-00009592-00009795": "But the education I'm receiving", "42PEhI6GRAc-00025-00009796-00010418": "at Western Technical College is absolutely priceless."}}, {"audio_id": "42QnzeaD_FA", "text": {"42QnzeaD_FA-00000-00000096-00001032": "round nine, we have to work behind of this work ,so I go here", "42QnzeaD_FA-00001-00001374-00001452": "and", "42QnzeaD_FA-00002-00002094-00002376": "now turn back the work", "42QnzeaD_FA-00003-00002610-00002694": "a chain", "42QnzeaD_FA-00004-00002928-00003528": "front post single crochet into this middle of seven double crochet", "42QnzeaD_FA-00005-00003815-00004428": "front post single crochet here a front for single crochet into next", "42QnzeaD_FA-00006-00004692-00004938": "the front post single crochet into next", "42QnzeaD_FA-00007-00005334-00005586": "another front post single crochet to next", "42QnzeaD_FA-00008-00005796-00006966": "now we go for seven double crochet here and first one ,we make it a front post single crochet ,next", "42QnzeaD_FA-00009-00006966-00008286": "another one and next three one two three and four, four front post single crochet, now five chain", "42QnzeaD_FA-00010-00008820-00009354": "another front post single crochet into same double crochet", "42QnzeaD_FA-00011-00009924-00010392": "make more three single crochet one two three", "42QnzeaD_FA-00012-00010626-00011790": "one and two and three and continue this pattern until we finish this round one", "42QnzeaD_FA-00013-00012054-00012154": "two", "42QnzeaD_FA-00014-00012306-00012406": "three", "42QnzeaD_FA-00015-00012534-00012624": "four", "42QnzeaD_FA-00016-00012876-00012978": "five chain", "42QnzeaD_FA-00017-00013500-00013758": "a single crochet into same place", "42QnzeaD_FA-00018-00014310-00014597": "now one two", "42QnzeaD_FA-00019-00014844-00014944": "three", "42QnzeaD_FA-00020-00015413-00015504": "like this", "42QnzeaD_FA-00021-00015750-00015882": "I come back here", "42QnzeaD_FA-00022-00016110-00016938": "for close this round after three front post single crochet ,we make another one into next", "42QnzeaD_FA-00023-00017292-00018264": "two chain and a double crochet top of first single crochet , we had here", "42QnzeaD_FA-00024-00018462-00019758": ",a double crochet and now we are middle of this five chain space, now round nine finish", "42QnzeaD_FA-00025-00020238-00020622": "round ten turn back your work", "42QnzeaD_FA-00026-00021084-00021882": "and three chain ,one two three count of first double crochet", "42QnzeaD_FA-00027-00021960-00023004": "and six more double crochet into same place ,totally seven double crochet ,one two", "42QnzeaD_FA-00028-00023214-00023314": "three", "42QnzeaD_FA-00029-00023502-00023602": "four", "42QnzeaD_FA-00030-00023784-00024876": "five and six and with this three chain we have seven, now three chain", "42QnzeaD_FA-00031-00025152-00025866": "seven double crochet into next and three chain and seven into next and continue", "42QnzeaD_FA-00032-00025866-00026945": "until we finish this round and I come back here okay seven double crochet here one two", "42QnzeaD_FA-00033-00027468-00027568": "three", "42QnzeaD_FA-00034-00027714-00027814": "four", "42QnzeaD_FA-00035-00027983-00028083": "five", "42QnzeaD_FA-00036-00028254-00029250": "six and seven ,three chain and continue until we finish this round and I come back here", "42QnzeaD_FA-00037-00029574-00029927": "for close this round, we don't make three chain", "42QnzeaD_FA-00038-00030000-00031260": ",we make one chain and a half double crochet top of three chain we had, one half double crochet", "42QnzeaD_FA-00039-00031680-00032345": "round eleven chain one single crochet into three chain space", "42QnzeaD_FA-00040-00032676-00033366": "and a front post double crochet around first double crochet", "42QnzeaD_FA-00041-00033912-00034122": "a single crochet top of next", "42QnzeaD_FA-00042-00034464-00035544": "now chain one a single crochet top of next now chain one a single crochet top of next", "42QnzeaD_FA-00043-00035544-00036816": "now ,chain one a single crochet top of next chain one a single crochet top of next now,", "42QnzeaD_FA-00044-00036816-00037956": "we don't make chain one and a front post double crochet around last double crochet we have ,here", "42QnzeaD_FA-00045-00038058-00039072": "a single crochet into three chain space ,a front post double crochet around first one", "42QnzeaD_FA-00046-00039438-00039672": "a single crochet top of next", "42QnzeaD_FA-00047-00040032-00040734": "chain one a single crochet top of next, chain one a single crochet top of next", "42QnzeaD_FA-00048-00040932-00041604": ",chain one a single crochet top of next, chain one ,a single crochet top of next", "42QnzeaD_FA-00049-00041694-00042114": "and a front post double crochet around the last one", "42QnzeaD_FA-00050-00042492-00043590": "a single crochet into three chain space and a double crochet into next front", "42QnzeaD_FA-00051-00043590-00044232": "post double crochet, and we continue this pattern until we finish this round and I come back here", "42QnzeaD_FA-00052-00044610-00045276": "for close round 11 we make a slip stitch into first single crochet we have", "42QnzeaD_FA-00053-00045540-00045702": "round 11 finish"}}, {"audio_id": "43qj7r1m2FI", "text": {"43qj7r1m2FI-00000-00001326-00001626": "I'm depressed.", "43qj7r1m2FI-00001-00002596-00002896": "Mattaabi spray?", "43qj7r1m2FI-00002-00003090-00003390": "A colleague at the company said, \"For Bells who are sick,", "43qj7r1m2FI-00003-00003403-00003703": "They sponsored us...", "43qj7r1m2FI-00004-00003840-00004140": "I don't know the exact name of the disease yet, but...", "43qj7r1m2FI-00005-00004140-00004440": "I look forward to the spray that will soothe your depression.", "43qj7r1m2FI-00006-00005043-00005343": "Hm...", "43qj7r1m2FI-00007-00005443-00005743": "(Spraying sound)", "43qj7r1m2FI-00008-00005870-00006170": "Oh, from 20 to 30cm?", "43qj7r1m2FI-00009-00006606-00006906": "Squeak! Squeak!", "43qj7r1m2FI-00010-00006990-00007290": "She said something smells here. Go ahead.", "43qj7r1m2FI-00011-00007843-00008143": "Keung! Keung!", "43qj7r1m2FI-00012-00008143-00008443": "It seems that the reaction is coming.", "43qj7r1m2FI-00013-00009156-00009456": "Keung! Keung!", "43qj7r1m2FI-00014-00009540-00009840": "You smell like a puppy.", "43qj7r1m2FI-00015-00012016-00012316": "Why does it smell like this?", "43qj7r1m2FI-00016-00012673-00012903": "Sitting like a dog.", "43qj7r1m2FI-00017-00012903-00013203": "(Laughs)", "43qj7r1m2FI-00018-00013430-00013600": "If you spray cats on toys,", "43qj7r1m2FI-00019-00013600-00013900": "They say you're good at playing with it.", "43qj7r1m2FI-00020-00014313-00014613": "On top of the refrigerator! Even in reserved seats...", "43qj7r1m2FI-00021-00014760-00015060": "Keung keung keung-keung!", "43qj7r1m2FI-00022-00015253-00015553": "The tail is shaking.Softly.", "43qj7r1m2FI-00023-00016940-00017240": "Rubbing, rubbing.", "43qj7r1m2FI-00024-00018740-00019040": "I don't know if you're happy...Even grooming...", "43qj7r1m2FI-00025-00019550-00019850": "I think I'm going to eat."}}, {"audio_id": "43wAHip4I0y", "text": {"43wAHip4I0y-00000-00000000-00000758": "This video talks about why we use per unit and what is per unit. A realistic", "43wAHip4I0y-00001-00000758-00001224": "example to explain why. Australian national high voltage transmission", "43wAHip4I0y-00002-00001224-00001935": "network has about 2400 nodes. Some are two hundred twenty thousand volts assets.", "43wAHip4I0y-00003-00001935-00002861": "And some are 110 kV assets. If 220 kV lines appear to be around 110 kV, it is", "43wAHip4I0y-00004-00002861-00003417": "difficult to recognize is a big problem, because it's difficult to remember all", "43wAHip4I0y-00005-00003417-00003962": "ratings of a power system. It will be easier to see the problem if we use per", "43wAHip4I0y-00006-00003962-00004791": "unit system, because the voltage would be 0.5 for the 220 kV lines with 110 kV", "43wAHip4I0y-00007-00004791-00005523": "voltages. Then what is per unit? It was something we learned in Year 4 or 5 in", "43wAHip4I0y-00008-00005523-00006135": "primary school. Per unit is just a ratio  which is equal to actual value divided", "43wAHip4I0y-00009-00006135-00006734": "by base value. Please be careful: per unit based values may change every time when we", "43wAHip4I0y-00010-00006734-00007263": "go through a transformer. What are the per unit values of the impedance on", "43wAHip4I0y-00011-00007263-00007875": "both sides of the transformer; assume no loss for the transformer. Please leave a", "43wAHip4I0y-00012-00007875-00008408": "comment for continuous improvement. Thank you!"}}, {"audio_id": "43B-AxEDdDu", "text": {"43B-AxEDdDu-00000-00000891-00001241": "As I told you before, 10years ago,", "43B-AxEDdDu-00001-00001241-00001480": "we worked so traditionally!", "43B-AxEDdDu-00002-00001480-00001854": "Mr. Abedi, from the beginning of his attendance in our factory,", "43B-AxEDdDu-00003-00001854-00002308": "persuaded us to be up to date", "43B-AxEDdDu-00004-00002308-00002508": "and follow the scientific standards", "43B-AxEDdDu-00005-00002508-00002829": "He always brings us his research", "43B-AxEDdDu-00006-00002829-00003214": "from worldwide furniture brands,", "43B-AxEDdDu-00007-00003214-00003653": "which are much ahead in this industry", "43B-AxEDdDu-00008-00003653-00003943": "He explained to the board of directors", "43B-AxEDdDu-00009-00003943-00004204": "how we might be able to localize this overseas model to our industry.", "43B-AxEDdDu-00010-00004204-00004656": "One of the first plans, which I clearly remember,", "43B-AxEDdDu-00011-00004656-00004856": "it was amazing for us", "43B-AxEDdDu-00012-00004856-00005106": "was about", "43B-AxEDdDu-00013-00005106-00005426": "the product cost.", "43B-AxEDdDu-00014-00005426-00005626": "well, in the furniture industry", "43B-AxEDdDu-00015-00005626-00005930": "due to the uncertainty of raw materials", "43B-AxEDdDu-00016-00005930-00006389": "pricing, I mean calculating the price of products", "43B-AxEDdDu-00017-00006389-00006589": "was hard for us,", "43B-AxEDdDu-00018-00006589-00006962": "but he made it possible with very creative approaches.", "43B-AxEDdDu-00019-00006962-00007211": "He even measured the volume of wood", "43B-AxEDdDu-00020-00007211-00007431": "it was interesting for us at that time", "43B-AxEDdDu-00021-00007431-00007708": "he came up with a solution", "43B-AxEDdDu-00022-00007708-00007976": "Initially, we had a lot of issues", "43B-AxEDdDu-00023-00007976-00008388": "in calculating the amount of wood", "43B-AxEDdDu-00024-00008388-00009579": "By using a plastic drum full of water, a water tap, and the amount of the water level increases,", "43B-AxEDdDu-00025-00009579-00009924": "he could calculate wood consumption in cube meters", "43B-AxEDdDu-00026-00009924-00010343": "So we find the exact amount of waste wood!", "43B-AxEDdDu-00027-00010343-00010646": "One of the important projects he has done", "43B-AxEDdDu-00028-00010646-00011134": "was calculating our material usage to the production cost", "43B-AxEDdDu-00029-00011134-00011735": "He used some of the employees and supervisors in this project,", "43B-AxEDdDu-00030-00011735-00012080": "even those who were not academic,", "43B-AxEDdDu-00031-00012080-00012508": "but he successfully got a positive outcome!", "43B-AxEDdDu-00032-00012508-00012950": "He updated our material usages,", "43B-AxEDdDu-00033-00012950-00013164": "configured it and", "43B-AxEDdDu-00034-00013164-00013410": "imported them into the ERP software", "43B-AxEDdDu-00035-00013410-00013651": "Now with a click,", "43B-AxEDdDu-00036-00013651-00013934": "we can easily have the cost of our product.", "43B-AxEDdDu-00037-00014012-00014256": "In the furniture industry", "43B-AxEDdDu-00038-00014256-00014607": "production planning is a complex part", "43B-AxEDdDu-00039-00014607-00014893": "because most activities are done by hand", "43B-AxEDdDu-00040-00014893-00015113": "and not much by machine", "43B-AxEDdDu-00041-00015113-00015400": "This is why planning can be so effective", "43B-AxEDdDu-00042-00015400-00015600": "With all its difficulties", "43B-AxEDdDu-00043-00015600-00015842": "Mohammad was very influential in the planning section,", "43B-AxEDdDu-00044-00015842-00016438": "especially in the painting and upholstery departments.", "43B-AxEDdDu-00045-00016438-00016638": "he had a great impact on", "43B-AxEDdDu-00046-00016638-00016994": "Also, the layout he planned was beneficial to us", "43B-AxEDdDu-00047-00016994-00017522": "I can say that it helped a lot and was very useful", "43B-AxEDdDu-00048-00017522-00017920": "the plan he implemented in planning as well as material control."}}, {"audio_id": "43G8tIrTNa0", "text": {"43G8tIrTNa0-00000-00000000-00000616": "Off we go: \"Ende Gelände\" (Here and no further) in Lusatia (Day 1) Proschim, May 13th, 2016", "43G8tIrTNa0-00001-00001152-00001308": "We are in the process of forming up right now,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00002-00001382-00001582": "forming different \"fingers\" as we call them,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00003-00001676-00001970": "and then we walk towards the pit or the rail tracks", "43G8tIrTNa0-00004-00001970-00002084": "and then we split up,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00005-00002136-00002698": "and that's our tactic so that we can as effectively and successfully get into the pit.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00006-00002730-00003106": "I am here because I want to do something practical for climate protection,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00007-00003120-00003368": "and to send a real signal.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00008-00003372-00003629": "Last year this was already a very beautiful action,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00009-00003650-00004140": "and if we can produce images again this year, of people peacefully shutting down this coal infrastructure,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00010-00004154-00004536": "then hopefully this will have an impact on the rest of the population to show that this cannot continue like this.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00011-00006681-00007906": "(applause) Off we go - Ende Gelände (here and no further)!", "43G8tIrTNa0-00012-00010304-00010832": "We left the camp with three fingers, three groups about an hour ago,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00013-00010856-00011056": "blue, green and red,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00014-00011062-00011416": "blue and red are going into the pit, green onto the rail tracks.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00015-00011430-00012362": "Coal diggers out of Lusatia! (hand clapping)", "43G8tIrTNa0-00016-00012376-00012626": "There are many people here who are skilled from the anti Castor (nuclear waste transport) resistance,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00017-00012626-00012810": "so we are used to action weekends.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00018-00012819-00013216": "So I hope we will have an action weekend with success stories continuously rolling in.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00019-00013256-00013560": "Let's see what will happen with us here, but we are well set up, we are lots of people,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00020-00013580-00013910": "we are a lot more people than the police, so right now I don't have any doubt that we will make it into the pit.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00021-00014006-00014638": "Off we go - Ende Gelände (here and no further)!", "43G8tIrTNa0-00022-00015528-00015978": "(at the same time...) We are on our way to probably block some rail tracks in the front there", "43G8tIrTNa0-00023-00015994-00016219": "which belong to the installations of Vattenfall.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00024-00016254-00016592": "Other groups of us have descended into the pit", "43G8tIrTNa0-00025-00016616-00016842": "and are now blocking diggers.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00026-00016906-00017674": "This means we from Ende Gelände are now trying to shut down operations at least temporarily.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00027-00020618-00020904": "Because we are in a situation of climate emergency,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00028-00020942-00021310": "which means that we have only a few years to save the climate,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00029-00021330-00022032": "to avoid reaching the critical thresholds of global warming.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00030-00022054-00022492": "So humankind, the citizens, the governments, the companies must act now,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00031-00022518-00023218": "and instead of continuing to rely on fossil fuels and continuing their extraction like in this case,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00032-00023240-00023492": "we could just shut down this mine.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00033-00023740-00024230": "The red finger is already in the pit, the blue finger is right now moving into it.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00034-00024272-00024720": "Until now we can only see coal infrastructure that is standing still.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00035-00024754-00025106": "This means we have achieved the goal of our action to shut down the coal infrastructure.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00036-00025132-00025850": "This is a huge success. It is already clear now that we have paralysed the pit at least for Friday and probably the whole weekend,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00037-00025877-00026277": "and during a whole weekend prevented millions of earnings for Vattenfall.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00038-00031180-00031872": "I think most people don't really understand this whole mining waste issue and what happens to the land,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00039-00031920-00032576": "and that lignite or coal in general can profoundly change the landscape.", "43G8tIrTNa0-00040-00032612-00033092": "I think many people are not too conscious of that, so I hope that these images reach some people,", "43G8tIrTNa0-00041-00033126-00033634": "so more people get to know how huge these impacts are."}}, {"audio_id": "43aNmjUlEM8", "text": {"43aNmjUlEM8-00000-00000470-00000791": "Hello, and this is the first unit on our APA", "43aNmjUlEM8-00001-00000791-00001524": "MLA detailed lectures for the class. Now let's just begin by saying this stuff", "43aNmjUlEM8-00002-00001524-00002043": "can be some really boring stuff, but we'll try to keep it concise, try to keep", "43aNmjUlEM8-00003-00002043-00002669": "it clear. The main goal of the APA and the MLA, which is the American", "43aNmjUlEM8-00004-00002669-00003303": "Psychological Association and the Modern Language Association, is to try to keep", "43aNmjUlEM8-00005-00003303-00003929": "your writing in a style that is easy to read, so basically to help your English.", "43aNmjUlEM8-00006-00003929-00004298": "And you may say: \"Well, I'm not a native English speaker. English is my second", "43aNmjUlEM8-00007-00004298-00004746": "language, a third language.\" I can understand that, but why do native", "43aNmjUlEM8-00008-00004746-00005369": "speakers even need to use something like the MLA or the APA guidelines. And it", "43aNmjUlEM8-00009-00005369-00005928": "comes down to this is just a guide, a style guide. The more researchers can", "43aNmjUlEM8-00010-00005928-00006398": "write their research in a way that everyone can understand and accept makes", "43aNmjUlEM8-00011-00006398-00007068": "the research easier to be understood and accepted. So a style guide is a way to", "43aNmjUlEM8-00012-00007068-00007922": "help your writing become standard, normal, to fit what everybody expects, and to not", "43aNmjUlEM8-00013-00007922-00008468": "cause confusion, key point-- avoid confusion. So what we're going to do in", "43aNmjUlEM8-00014-00008468-00009068": "these lessons is go over the details. There are two main sources for this", "43aNmjUlEM8-00015-00009068-00009686": "information and that is the APA style guide and the MLA style guides. You can buy", "43aNmjUlEM8-00016-00009686-00010247": "those online or by paper or you may get them from the library. The most important", "43aNmjUlEM8-00017-00010247-00010722": "point I would say is don't just cruise online using google and think you find", "43aNmjUlEM8-00018-00010722-00011186": "those rules, and that's enough. You really should get the manuals, sit down with", "43aNmjUlEM8-00019-00011186-00011547": "them next to your thesis while you're writing and look things up to check them", "43aNmjUlEM8-00020-00011547-00011972": "carefully. Later on and a few lessons later, we're going to get into the", "43aNmjUlEM8-00021-00011972-00012384": "details of how to write your reference. It is very detailed, very technical and of", "43aNmjUlEM8-00022-00012384-00012797": "course, the only way to really get that right is to, you know, follow the guide,", "43aNmjUlEM8-00023-00012797-00013250": "which really helps to have on paper. What's the big difference is between", "43aNmjUlEM8-00024-00013250-00014030": "these APA and the MLA? Well, the big difference is I think are both of them", "43aNmjUlEM8-00025-00014030-00014711": "emphasized style, but the APA spent a lot of time emphasizing style. So the APA", "43aNmjUlEM8-00026-00014711-00015506": "manual is so thick. The MLA manual is much much thinner. MLA just mainly focuses on", "43aNmjUlEM8-00027-00015506-00016195": "the citations and the references, the mechanics of how to execute those. MLA is", "43aNmjUlEM8-00028-00016195-00016865": "mostly used in sciences, whereas the APA's mostly used in the humanities. Now we", "43aNmjUlEM8-00029-00016865-00017261": "should remember that it always depends on your journal, doesn't it? If the", "43aNmjUlEM8-00030-00017261-00017612": "journal you're sending to have some special requirements, you need to follow", "43aNmjUlEM8-00031-00017612-00018245": "those requirements above all. The first thing we can touch on is the MLA and APA", "43aNmjUlEM8-00032-00018245-00018797": "both discussed plagiarism. What is plagiarism? Well, plagiarism basically", "43aNmjUlEM8-00033-00018797-00019187": "comes down to you copied, something you put it into your writing, your thesis", "43aNmjUlEM8-00034-00019187-00019948": "your report, or your research paper, and you did not tell the readers that this", "43aNmjUlEM8-00035-00019948-00020460": "came from somewhere else. It's very important to remember that plagiarism,", "43aNmjUlEM8-00036-00020460-00021134": "although in Eastern countries like China, Japan, Korea this is not such a big deal,", "43aNmjUlEM8-00037-00021134-00021707": "we often copy what other people have written as a kind of way to learn it, as", "43aNmjUlEM8-00038-00021707-00022241": "a way to honor it, but in the West and in research writing it's very important.", "43aNmjUlEM8-00039-00022241-00022688": "They're very strict about this, that you not copy something. Does that mean you", "43aNmjUlEM8-00040-00022688-00023323": "can never copy anythin, not even an idea? The answer is yes. If the idea is", "43aNmjUlEM8-00041-00023323-00023909": "everyone knows them, you can write those. But if you're taking  even an idea or", "43aNmjUlEM8-00042-00023909-00024563": "just one or two words, even just one word from someone else's research, you really", "43aNmjUlEM8-00043-00024563-00024968": "do need to cite it, use a reference. And we're going to learn about using", "43aNmjUlEM8-00044-00024968-00025607": "citations later, but the key goal is I know where this idea comes from. This", "43aNmjUlEM8-00045-00025607-00026138": "idea you wrote, I know where it comes from. I can track it down. I can find it.", "43aNmjUlEM8-00046-00026138-00026566": "And that actually is a great way to make our research", "43aNmjUlEM8-00047-00026566-00027149": "writing easier. Think about it. Research writing is not asking you to come up", "43aNmjUlEM8-00048-00027149-00027721": "with a great new idea or a great big books. It's asking you to help organize", "43aNmjUlEM8-00049-00027721-00028309": "the ideas that came before, that are related to your research so that the reader", "43aNmjUlEM8-00050-00028309-00028756": "can quickly see those and track them down. If I want to learn more, I can see", "43aNmjUlEM8-00051-00028756-00029180": "the reference. That's another beauty of it is that you don't have to write a", "43aNmjUlEM8-00052-00029180-00029608": "whole bunch in your paper to describe what happened before, just one word, two", "43aNmjUlEM8-00053-00029608-00030068": "words, one sentence, and I reference. If I want to learn more, I can use your", "43aNmjUlEM8-00054-00030068-00030516": "reference to look it up. I can find the journal. I can find it online. I can find", "43aNmjUlEM8-00055-00030516-00031072": "the information, even if it's a movie, a television show, the video on youtube. You", "43aNmjUlEM8-00056-00031072-00031666": "have given me a pointer to where that goes. People take this very serious in", "43aNmjUlEM8-00057-00031666-00032411": "research, so please don't overlook it. Presenting another person's ideas, even", "43aNmjUlEM8-00058-00032411-00033119": "if that information is just a small idea, if you present this as if it's your idea,", "43aNmjUlEM8-00059-00033119-00033816": "then that's plagiarism. Surprisingly, you could even be guilty of plagiarizing", "43aNmjUlEM8-00060-00033816-00034438": "yourself, that is to say it's possible that you could copy something that you", "43aNmjUlEM8-00061-00034438-00034963": "wrote before, and if you don't have a reference, if you don't cite it, then that", "43aNmjUlEM8-00062-00034963-00035500": "means you are guilty of plagiarism. Just a few words is enough to get you in", "43aNmjUlEM8-00063-00035500-00036115": "trouble with plagiarism, just a few words. And referencing source material is not", "43aNmjUlEM8-00064-00036115-00036593": "plagiarism, so this is something my students often get confused about. They", "43aNmjUlEM8-00065-00036593-00037021": "get so worried that copying something is plagiarism that they end up... they don't", "43aNmjUlEM8-00066-00037021-00037612": "copy anything. No, that's not the point. The point is you can copy. You should", "43aNmjUlEM8-00067-00037612-00038188": "copy. You should find material from other research and put it into your background,", "43aNmjUlEM8-00068-00038188-00038630": "into your literature review, into your introduction. But you just need to", "43aNmjUlEM8-00069-00038630-00039216": "remember site where it comes from, use a reference, that is: \"This is from Smith", "43aNmjUlEM8-00070-00039216-00039896": "(1999). This is from Jones(2007)\" So that's all you need, and then it's all", "43aNmjUlEM8-00071-00039896-00040511": "okay. In fact, you can even copy large pieces, paragraphs from somebody's work.", "43aNmjUlEM8-00072-00040511-00040976": "Take the exact paragraph, and put it into your thesis, into your research paper.", "43aNmjUlEM8-00073-00040976-00041669": "That's acceptable as long as you have a reference. OK. Now, let's go on and begin", "43aNmjUlEM8-00074-00041669-00042203": "with the details of what do we need to do in making these references and", "43aNmjUlEM8-00075-00042203-00042734": "getting this information. The first thing I want to address is the difficult", "43aNmjUlEM8-00076-00042734-00043261": "question that teachers have with students, and that is using the internet.", "43aNmjUlEM8-00077-00043261-00043643": "The Internet is a great source of information, but one of its biggest", "43aNmjUlEM8-00078-00043643-00044345": "weaknesses is that information often is not complete. It's not detailed enough. It", "43aNmjUlEM8-00079-00044345-00044951": "may have some general idea,s but more often than not, the biggest problem I see", "43aNmjUlEM8-00080-00044951-00045392": "on the internet is it's secondhand information, secondary information, not", "43aNmjUlEM8-00081-00045392-00045866": "primary, not source material, that is you're reading someone who wrote", "43aNmjUlEM8-00082-00045866-00046465": "something about what he read someone else wrote on another web page somewhere.", "43aNmjUlEM8-00083-00046465-00046940": "That's a little bit troublesome. So you really need to be careful of that. I", "43aNmjUlEM8-00084-00046940-00047609": "think that, as the MLA manual points out, Google, Wikipedia, they're okay as a", "43aNmjUlEM8-00085-00047609-00048143": "beginning but not as an end. You're okay to use Google to help you find some", "43aNmjUlEM8-00086-00048143-00048587": "information. You can use wiki to help you find, but it's not the place to end. You", "43aNmjUlEM8-00087-00048587-00049115": "need to follow up. Try to find the sources, and of course it's really great", "43aNmjUlEM8-00088-00049115-00049649": "that wiki at the bottom of their pages, has sources. Why do they do that? Because", "43aNmjUlEM8-00089-00049649-00050177": "they want to help you find that original information. Track it down for yourself.", "43aNmjUlEM8-00090-00050177-00050609": "That's why that is there. That's not there just for fun. That's there for that", "43aNmjUlEM8-00091-00050609-00051164": "hard work. So when you find some information on the internet like on a", "43aNmjUlEM8-00092-00051164-00051650": "Google search or in a wiki, there are some things you can ask: Who is this", "43aNmjUlEM8-00093-00051650-00052211": "information from? What is the title of the source information? not the wiki, but", "43aNmjUlEM8-00094-00052211-00052658": "the source where's the information it came from. So if you're reading the wiki and", "43aNmjUlEM8-00095-00052658-00053135": "it says: \"The Taiping rebellion, tens of millions of", "43aNmjUlEM8-00096-00053135-00053614": "people died in China.\" Well, you need to think where does that come from? Look in", "43aNmjUlEM8-00097-00053614-00053983": "the sources, and you can track it down, probably from a book, and that book has", "43aNmjUlEM8-00098-00053983-00054587": "an author, and that's a good source. How was the source published? Was it published as a", "43aNmjUlEM8-00099-00054587-00054908": "video? Was it published as text on a screen? Was it published in a magazine", "43aNmjUlEM8-00100-00054908-00055858": "and then rescanned onto the Internet? Where did you find the source at? and when was", "43aNmjUlEM8-00101-00055858-00056438": "the source published? Who, what, how, where, when? These are all great questions."}}, {"audio_id": "4411HL45mUA", "text": {"4411HL45mUA-00002-00001200-00001324": "Pizza Dough 1 Kilo Pic's recipe", "4411HL45mUA-00003-00001812-00001946": "Ingredients 1 kilo pizza dough", "4411HL45mUA-00004-00001950-00002462": "350 g water room temperature,    1 tsp sugar,   25 g fresh brewer's yeast,  650 g strong white bread flour,   20 g extra virgin olive oil,  10 g fine sea salt.", "4411HL45mUA-00005-00002640-00002752": "Useful Items:", "4411HL45mUA-00006-00002806-00003182": "large bowl,   cling film or a wet tea towel", "4411HL45mUA-00007-00003338-00003678": "Lightly grease a large bowl and set aside.", "4411HL45mUA-00009-00004060-00004494": "Place in mixing bowl 350 g water, room temperature", "4411HL45mUA-00011-00004736-00005180": "1 tsp sugar", "4411HL45mUA-00012-00005474-00005926": "25 g fresh brewer's yeas", "4411HL45mUA-00013-00006172-00006570": "heat up 1 min/37°C/speed 2.", "4411HL45mUA-00016-00006831-00007252": "Add 650 g strong white bread flour", "4411HL45mUA-00017-00007570-00008048": "10 g fine sea salt", "4411HL45mUA-00018-00008256-00008688": "20 g extra virgin olive oil", "4411HL45mUA-00020-00009008-00009402": "knead 4 min/ear speed.", "4411HL45mUA-00022-00009684-00010120": "Transfer to prepared bowl and shape into a ball.", "4411HL45mUA-00023-00010308-00010712": "Cover bowl with cling film and leave to rise until doubled in size (approx. 1 hour", "4411HL45mUA-00026-00011058-00011530": "Use pizza dough as needed. For ex. with a homemade Tomato Sauce and toppings of your choice.", "4411HL45mUA-00028-00011672-00012126": "In step 2, the cling film can be lightly oiled to prevent it from sticking to the rising dough."}}, {"audio_id": "44raD4G5w_4", "text": {"44raD4G5w_4-00000-00000115-00000693": "A legal analysis of the situation at the Belarusian-Polish border", "44raD4G5w_4-00001-00000693-00001599": "in connection with repeated attempts of refugees to enter Poland’s territory in line with international rules", "44raD4G5w_4-00002-00001599-00002268": "in order to transit to the Federal Republic of Germany has revealed the following.", "44raD4G5w_4-00003-00002268-00003191": "Up till now Polish officials have been blatantly violating the requirements of international law", "44raD4G5w_4-00004-00003191-00003965": "that determine the main civil and political rights of refugees as well as Belarus citizens.", "44raD4G5w_4-00005-00004108-00004682": "Attempts are being made and the inviolability of our state border is being violated.", "44raD4G5w_4-00006-00004749-00005325": "Other multiple wrongful acts against humanity are also being committed.", "44raD4G5w_4-00007-00005450-00006171": "Representatives of the Polish government have repeatedly carried out and still carry out", "44raD4G5w_4-00008-00006171-00006790": "illegal deportations, tortures, and acts of violence against refugees.", "44raD4G5w_4-00009-00006838-00007649": "When refugees arrived at the Polish state border Polish defense, security, and law enforcement agencies implemented", "44raD4G5w_4-00010-00007649-00008415": "and continue implementing inadequate and clearly incommensurate organizational and technical measures", "44raD4G5w_4-00011-00008416-00008784": "to prevent the refugees from going to Germany.", "44raD4G5w_4-00012-00008866-00009275": "In particular, additional fences have been installed,", "44raD4G5w_4-00013-00009275-00009748": "militarized armed patrols and cordons have been organized", "44raD4G5w_4-00014-00009748-00010406": "in addition to threatening overflights, the deployment of tanks and other heavy weapons", "44raD4G5w_4-00015-00010406-00011208": "in the direct vicinity of the peaceful refugees staying in Belarus’ territory.", "44raD4G5w_4-00016-00011208-00011406": "I’d like to underline that", "44raD4G5w_4-00017-00011406-00012100": "the refugees have repeatedly and publicly declared their status, goals, and the route for travelling to Germany.", "44raD4G5w_4-00018-00012109-00012454": "Polish authorities clearly know about it.", "44raD4G5w_4-00019-00012454-00013225": "Despite that Polish law enforcement personnel have resorted to tortures and other acts of violence,", "44raD4G5w_4-00020-00013225-00014248": "have used special gear and ammunition, toxic substances, blinding lights, demonstrational shots in the air and explosions,", "44raD4G5w_4-00021-00014248-00014736": "physical force against peaceful and defenseless people, including in nighttime.", "44raD4G5w_4-00022-00014736-00015677": "Multiple facts of illegal deportation of refugees from Poland’s territory, the use of water cannons and chemicals", "44raD4G5w_4-00023-00015677-00016663": "against refugees in air temperatures of at most 4C, flashbangs, and gas with toxic substances", "44raD4G5w_4-00024-00016663-00017118": "were registered and documented on 15-16 November alone.", "44raD4G5w_4-00025-00017118-00017799": "Including against women with signs of pregnancy and against small kids.", "44raD4G5w_4-00026-00017895-00018440": "Preliminary results of forensic tests were received yesterday.", "44raD4G5w_4-00027-00018440-00019615": "They indicate that Polish authorities used potent chemicals with toxic and irritating effects,", "44raD4G5w_4-00028-00019615-00020234": "including OSI, deltametrin, which is a pesticide, and other substances,", "44raD4G5w_4-00029-00020234-00020838": "which have caused bodily injuries to at least 30 people", "44raD4G5w_4-00030-00020838-00021230": "in the form of burns, intoxication, abrasions, and bruises.", "44raD4G5w_4-00031-00021230-00021403": "I’d like to emphasize that", "44raD4G5w_4-00032-00021403-00022431": "among the people hurt by the illegal and totally unjustified acts of aggression, torture, and violence on the part of Polish officials", "44raD4G5w_4-00033-00022439-00022650": "there are underage individuals.", "44raD4G5w_4-00034-00022650-00023551": "For instance, Briar Abas born in 2006, Sindi Sirana born in 2007, and women, including pregnant ones.", "44raD4G5w_4-00035-00023551-00024575": "Bodily injuries were also caused to representatives of mass media of Belarus, Russia, Qatar, and to border service officers of our country.", "44raD4G5w_4-00036-00024575-00025278": "Every criminal action on the part of Polish officials, including in the territory of the Republic of Belarus,", "44raD4G5w_4-00037-00025278-00025797": "gets recorded and objectively documented without bias", "44raD4G5w_4-00038-00025797-00026650": "in the course of an investigation, which was opened the day before into crimes against peace", "44raD4G5w_4-00039-00026650-00027262": "committed by Polish law enforcement personnel and other representatives of Polish authorities.", "44raD4G5w_4-00040-00027380-00028108": "Active measures are being taken to identify every official,", "44raD4G5w_4-00041-00028108-00028698": "who has committed concrete crimes against defenseless people.", "44raD4G5w_4-00042-00028848-00029409": "For now Polish law enforcement personnel and other officials hide behind", "44raD4G5w_4-00043-00029409-00030406": "piles of razor wire, metal barriers, tanks, armored vehicles, and 15,000 military personnel, who are armed to the teeth.", "44raD4G5w_4-00044-00030536-00031239": "I’d like to emphasize that everything that has been mentioned and other cynical criminal actions,", "44raD4G5w_4-00045-00031239-00031781": "which are now being documented by Belarusian law enforcement agencies,", "44raD4G5w_4-00046-00031781-00032440": "have been committed upon direct orders or with approval of Poland’s political leaders:", "44raD4G5w_4-00047-00032440-00032758": "Poland President Andrzej Duda,", "44raD4G5w_4-00048-00032758-00033103": "Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki,", "44raD4G5w_4-00049-00033103-00033510": "Defense Minister Mariusz Blaszczak,", "44raD4G5w_4-00050-00033510-00033805": "and other top-ranking officials.", "44raD4G5w_4-00051-00033805-00034329": "Let me remind you that crimes against humanity", "44raD4G5w_4-00052-00034329-00034922": "have no lapse of action in line with international norms and rules.", "44raD4G5w_4-00053-00035045-00035468": "The guilty individuals must face criminal prosecution.", "44raD4G5w_4-00054-00035468-00036140": "Apart from that, we have recorded multiple public statements of a number of Polish citizens,", "44raD4G5w_4-00055-00036140-00036368": "including government officials,", "44raD4G5w_4-00056-00036368-00036878": "who called for staging Poland’s aggression against the Republic of Belarus.", "44raD4G5w_4-00057-00036951-00037931": "Such actions have constituent elements of the crimes described by Article 123 of the Criminal Code of Belarus,", "44raD4G5w_4-00058-00037931-00038187": "namely war propaganda.", "44raD4G5w_4-00059-00038264-00038755": "This is why the Office of the Prosecutor General has opened a criminal case,", "44raD4G5w_4-00060-00038755-00039211": "which investigation has been entrusted to Belarus’ Investigative Committee.", "44raD4G5w_4-00061-00039411-00040165": "The relevant information about criminal actions committed by Poland’s top government officials", "44raD4G5w_4-00062-00040165-00040807": "will be sent for legal evaluation to all the international organizations,", "44raD4G5w_4-00063-00040807-00041293": "including the United Nations Organization, the Council of Europe, and other ones."}}, {"audio_id": "44yH3I7t95I", "text": {"44yH3I7t95I-00000-00179636-00181032": "Brain Power Music  - Meditation Music, Calm, Peace, Relaxing Music, Study Music, Sleep Music"}}, {"audio_id": "44BaUrscSZ8", "text": {"44BaUrscSZ8-00000-00000291-00000765": "Learning how to take complicated things apart and sort of", "44BaUrscSZ8-00001-00000765-00001063": "think about the pieces, and then put them back together", "44BaUrscSZ8-00002-00001063-00001713": "in an imaginative, maybe more efficient, more appealing, different way.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00003-00001713-00001907": "That's what architecture was to me.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00004-00001907-00002572": "And I have never regretted spending my five years learning how to do that.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00005-00002572-00002913": "It's basically shaped everything I've done.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00006-00002913-00003390": "It's, of course, all I can do now, but nevertheless it's working for me.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00007-00003390-00003677": "So we're going to talk about drawing.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00008-00003677-00004069": "And I don't mean drawing as making art.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00009-00004069-00004461": "I mean drawing to learn how to look at things better, to see things better,", "44BaUrscSZ8-00010-00004461-00004707": "to understand things.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00011-00004707-00004993": "And also, maybe the word drawing is the wrong word.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00012-00004993-00005176": "Maybe we should just talk about sketching,", "44BaUrscSZ8-00013-00005176-00005575": "use the word sketching because it sounds cheaper.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00014-00005575-00005830": "And you can do it on crappy paper, and you don't have", "44BaUrscSZ8-00015-00005830-00006234": "to worry about it getting it right.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00016-00006234-00006520": "You just have to take advantage of the experience you", "44BaUrscSZ8-00017-00006520-00006983": "have as you make that connection between what comes in through your eyes", "44BaUrscSZ8-00018-00006983-00007320": "happens between your hand and that piece of paper.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00019-00007320-00007534": "And what's happening down here is helping", "44BaUrscSZ8-00020-00007534-00007969": "you understand what's passing through your eyes,", "44BaUrscSZ8-00021-00007969-00008295": "because the whole time you're questioning it.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00022-00008295-00008584": "This is a dialogue between you and the world around you", "44BaUrscSZ8-00023-00008584-00009094": "which is being facilitated, in a sense, by the act of sketching.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00024-00009094-00009274": "Many of you who are going to put yourselves", "44BaUrscSZ8-00025-00009274-00009675": "in positions where you have to explain things to other people", "44BaUrscSZ8-00026-00009675-00010174": "would benefit by being comfortable when it came down to picking up a pencil", "44BaUrscSZ8-00027-00010174-00010460": "and saying, let me show you what I mean, and not worrying about it,", "44BaUrscSZ8-00028-00010460-00010668": "and not worrying about it looking silly or pretty,", "44BaUrscSZ8-00029-00010668-00011103": "because it's not being separated from the words that accompany it.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00030-00011103-00011459": "You are figuring out how to communicate visually and verbally", "44BaUrscSZ8-00031-00011459-00011753": "at the same time in a way that's comfortable to you", "44BaUrscSZ8-00032-00011753-00012164": "and that can allow you to communicate often complicated information", "44BaUrscSZ8-00033-00012164-00012460": "to somebody who perhaps isn't familiar with it", "44BaUrscSZ8-00034-00012460-00012634": "just by using these two devices.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00035-00012634-00012891": "They'll be listening to you and they'll be watching.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00036-00012891-00013200": "I don't think there's any better way of communicating.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00037-00013200-00013406": "The first thing I'm doing when I'm sketching--", "44BaUrscSZ8-00038-00013406-00013840": "when I'm trying to, let's say, build a building-- is", "44BaUrscSZ8-00039-00013840-00014228": "see how much I know about it, make sketches to figure out, OK,", "44BaUrscSZ8-00040-00014228-00014299": "where things are.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00041-00014299-00014439": "What's on top of what?", "44BaUrscSZ8-00042-00014439-00014522": "What's next to what?", "44BaUrscSZ8-00043-00014522-00014687": "How far apart are things?", "44BaUrscSZ8-00044-00014687-00014918": "Where are the shapes?", "44BaUrscSZ8-00045-00014918-00015563": "It's an ongoing, step by step, slowly building process.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00046-00015563-00015937": "But it will leave you, at the end of the experience--", "44BaUrscSZ8-00047-00015937-00016204": "the more time you spend there the better-- it will leave you", "44BaUrscSZ8-00048-00016204-00016564": "with a sense of satisfaction that you actually understand something", "44BaUrscSZ8-00049-00016564-00016968": "or see something in a way that you haven't before.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00050-00016968-00017108": "So that brings up a point.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00051-00017108-00017304": "You have to be careful when you start sketching", "44BaUrscSZ8-00052-00017304-00017698": "because you might get to know things too well and become too curious", "44BaUrscSZ8-00053-00017698-00018036": "and become a troublemaker.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00054-00018036-00018395": "So just watch out for that.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00055-00018395-00018758": "But it doesn't happen if you don't connect with each other,", "44BaUrscSZ8-00056-00018758-00018966": "with the world around you.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00057-00018966-00019231": "If you don't pay attention to it, it just goes on", "44BaUrscSZ8-00058-00019231-00019602": "its way, happy that you're oblivious to whatever", "44BaUrscSZ8-00059-00019602-00020256": "people want to feed you or teach you is to be expected and is the norm.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00060-00020256-00020440": "I know that when you leave here you will not", "44BaUrscSZ8-00061-00020440-00020963": "be able to go for about more than about 20 feet without dropping to your knees,", "44BaUrscSZ8-00062-00020963-00021260": "ripping out that sketchbook of yours that you've never used,", "44BaUrscSZ8-00063-00021260-00021590": "and grabbing a pencil and just sketching the first curious thing.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00064-00021590-00021769": "There are things embedded in walls, there", "44BaUrscSZ8-00065-00021769-00022001": "are things that stick up out of the ground,", "44BaUrscSZ8-00066-00022001-00022228": "that you are not required to look at.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00067-00022228-00022394": "Therefore you don't.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00068-00022394-00022680": "And unless there's been some sort of an explosion underground,", "44BaUrscSZ8-00069-00022680-00022955": "and the sirens are there, and the yellow tape,", "44BaUrscSZ8-00070-00022955-00023118": "you won't even ask a question about it.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00071-00023118-00023447": "But if you sketch it, you will begin to ask the questions.", "44BaUrscSZ8-00072-00023447-00023766": "And that's the point of this process."}}, {"audio_id": "44EHpbG7i8M", "text": {"44EHpbG7i8M-00000-00000000-00008200": "🌟 🇺🇸 CHILDREN'S MASCARA PROFESSIONAL COSTUMES — Shop GrandStart.ru 🌟"}}, {"audio_id": "453g9fyL5Bu", "text": {"453g9fyL5Bu-00000-00000090-00000416": "Welcome to this Mindful Movement Practice.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00001-00000416-00001048": "This practice is based on the concept of swara cycles, the merging of breath and movement.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00002-00001048-00001548": "It was introduced to me by my dear teacher and friend, Randall O'Leary.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00003-00001548-00001903": "I'll link to his information below.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00004-00001903-00002426": "I'm taking a seat on the floor with my pelvis propped up on a cushion for this practice.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00005-00002426-00002936": "You can also do this practice while sitting in a chair.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00006-00002936-00003339": "Closing your eyes or looking down with a soft gaze, beginning to tune into the sensations", "453g9fyL5Bu-00007-00003339-00003812": "in your body, noticing your breath, your heartbeat.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00008-00003812-00004542": "And an invitation to notice these things without judgment or critique, without feeling that", "453g9fyL5Bu-00009-00004542-00004832": "anything is right or wrong, or good or bad.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00010-00004832-00005622": "Simply observing and listening to what your system is telling you in this moment.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00011-00005622-00006405": "Taking these moments to ground in stillness and silence is incredibly important for the", "453g9fyL5Bu-00012-00006405-00006513": "nervous system.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00013-00006513-00007233": "It allows our parasympathetic nervous system the opportunity to come online, to rest and", "453g9fyL5Bu-00014-00007233-00009224": "digest, to integrate everything we are experiencing in our lives.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00015-00009224-00009670": "As you're sitting here, you may begin to notice some changes in the rhythm of your breath", "453g9fyL5Bu-00016-00009670-00010181": "or where the breath is traveling in your body.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00017-00010181-00010960": "You may notice different sensations arise in different parts of your physical form.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00018-00010960-00011417": "You may notice different thoughts coming through your mind.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00019-00011417-00012047": "And, again, can you observe these things without judgment, without critique?", "453g9fyL5Bu-00020-00012047-00014077": "Simply allowing them to be.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00021-00014077-00014843": "Bowing your chin down towards your chest and offering yourself an invitation to be fully", "453g9fyL5Bu-00022-00014843-00015246": "present during this practice.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00023-00015246-00016202": "I begin by placing my hands down by my sides, extending my arms down from my shoulders.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00024-00016202-00016533": "Inhaling my right arm up to the sky.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00025-00016533-00017059": "And as I exhale, I lean over to the side, lengthening the right side of my body.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00026-00017059-00017669": "I pay attention to my shoulders and to my neck as I inhale to come back up to center.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00027-00017669-00018199": "And as I exhale, I release my right arm back down to my side.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00028-00018199-00018858": "Inhaling the left arm up to the sky, and then exhaling on over to the other side, lengthening", "453g9fyL5Bu-00029-00018858-00019302": "down the left side of the body.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00030-00019302-00019812": "Inhaling to bring myself back up to center, and then exhaling to release the hand back", "453g9fyL5Bu-00031-00019812-00020154": "down to my side.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00032-00020154-00020468": "Doing this with your own tempo, your own breath.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00033-00020468-00021251": "Inhaling the right arm up, exhaling over to the side.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00034-00021251-00021496": "Inhaling to lift yourself to center.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00035-00021496-00022133": "Exhaling, releasing the arm back down to your side.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00036-00022133-00022677": "Inhaling to lift the left arm up to the sky.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00037-00022677-00023229": "Exhale over, bringing length to the left side of the body.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00038-00023229-00023661": "Noticing any sensations that are occurring as you inhale to come back to center.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00039-00023661-00023980": "Exhale, releasing that hand back down to your side.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00040-00023980-00024619": "You may notice sensation in your shoulder, in the sides of your body as you continue", "453g9fyL5Bu-00041-00024619-00024866": "moving with your breath.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00042-00024866-00025626": "And the idea here is that, as we inhale and exhale, we contain the movement within the", "453g9fyL5Bu-00043-00025626-00025820": "breath.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00044-00025820-00026313": "The breath becomes the impetus for the movement.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00045-00026313-00026798": "Inhaling that left arm up to the ceiling, and exhaling over to the side.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00046-00026798-00026962": "My gaze goes down to the floor.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00047-00026962-00027372": "Yours might go to the side or up to the ceiling.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00048-00027372-00027620": "Your choice here.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00049-00027620-00028307": "Continuing this movement on your own breath and in your own time.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00050-00028307-00028830": "When you've done as many repetitions as you feel you would like to do, taking a moment", "453g9fyL5Bu-00051-00028830-00029398": "to close your eyes or look down with a soft gaze once again to feel any difference or", "453g9fyL5Bu-00052-00029398-00029689": "shifting that's occurred in the system.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00053-00029689-00030295": "Noticing your breath, your heartbeat, any sensations that your body is experiencing", "453g9fyL5Bu-00054-00030295-00030874": "in this moment.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00055-00030874-00031483": "Giving yourself full permission to explore these sensations for as long as you like.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00056-00031483-00031907": "Bowing your chin down towards your chest when you're ready to end the practice, placing", "453g9fyL5Bu-00057-00031907-00032063": "your left hand on your heart.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00058-00032063-00032299": "I hope you enjoyed this video.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00059-00032299-00032857": "If you did, be sure to subscribe to my channel, like this video, and click on the bell to", "453g9fyL5Bu-00060-00032857-00033404": "get notified when I release new videos every Monday and Thursday.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00061-00033404-00033646": "With so much gratitude, stay ignited.", "453g9fyL5Bu-00062-00033646-00033713": "I'll see you soon."}}, {"audio_id": "45z4yv7QRWQ", "text": {"45z4yv7QRWQ-00000-00000072-00000834": "I left a few more links today, and after 24 hours of having links being deleted, I'm finally able", "45z4yv7QRWQ-00001-00000834-00001434": "to leave for the game, like I have left them on a few different videos, if you want to see them,", "45z4yv7QRWQ-00002-00001500-00002220": "and if you get one of those links, check out our Channel and smash the subscribe", "45z4yv7QRWQ-00003-00002358-00002586": "so that you don't miss any of our videos."}}, {"audio_id": "45-a_rnh8Tg", "text": {"45-a_rnh8Tg-00000-00000750-00000850": "Hi!", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00001-00000850-00000976": "My name is Jeff.", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00002-00000976-00001251": "Welcome to the Care Home Industry Training website.", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00003-00001251-00001575": "How long have you been waiting to start a personal care home?", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00004-00001575-00002060": "It's time to stop making excuses and get your dream started today!", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00005-00002060-00002749": "In less than 15 years, 73 million Americans will be over age 65.", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00006-00002749-00003476": "This means a 24/7 personal care home serving the elderly, veterans, and disabled need you", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00007-00003476-00003671": "in a big way!", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00008-00003671-00004219": "Care Home Industry Training StartSMART program equips you to get licensed as a personal care", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00009-00004219-00004428": "home in the state of Georgia.", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00010-00004428-00004912": "And, we are the only company that shows you how to setup your facility and complete the", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00011-00004912-00005315": "state's documentation to pass the onsite inspection!", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00012-00005315-00006056": "So, if your dream is to own and operate a licensed personal care home in Georgia visit", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00013-00006056-00006360": "http://carehomeindustrytraining.com/ and download our registration form.", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00014-00006360-00007165": "Or, call Care Home Industry Training at (770) 492-2945.", "45-a_rnh8Tg-00015-00007165-00007431": "I look forward to helping you succeed today!"}}, {"audio_id": "45L6EkleWVQ", "text": {"45L6EkleWVQ-00000-00000756-00001110": "[Martin]: I think we'd like to kick off.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00001-00001110-00001445": "My luck's run out on holding off for a few more minutes for more people to turn up.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00002-00001445-00001672": "Thank you very much for coming this afternoon.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00003-00001672-00002241": "So I'm going to talk to you today about the project that we've been running for the last", "45L6EkleWVQ-00004-00002241-00002734": "few years, a platform called the Open Library of Humanities, what it does in terms of cost", "45L6EkleWVQ-00005-00002734-00003432": "distribution, academic social structures, and what we're trying to do next with learned", "45L6EkleWVQ-00006-00003432-00003965": "societies when you have a limit to growth and expansion on consortial models of funding", "45L6EkleWVQ-00007-00003965-00004065": "open access.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00008-00004065-00004482": "There'll be a Q&A after I have done about 40 minutes of talking or so, I hope.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00009-00004482-00004996": "I'm just going to set a timer on that so we don't run over.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00010-00004996-00005563": "I just warn, I'm extremely deaf, so I'd really appreciate it if you could speak loudly and", "45L6EkleWVQ-00011-00005563-00006103": "clearly for any questions, and I might repeat them just to make sure I don't answer somebody", "45L6EkleWVQ-00012-00006103-00006203": "else's question.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00013-00006203-00006847": "I want to start by just telling you what we do at present, so the Open Library of Humanities", "45L6EkleWVQ-00014-00006847-00007720": "is a series of journals that are all open-access, 100%, over half of which used to be subscription", "45L6EkleWVQ-00015-00007720-00008152": "titles and that have flipped to an open-access model.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00016-00008152-00008785": "We also run an in-house mega journal, although that term in the humanities is somewhat contestable.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00017-00008785-00009470": "By that, we mean a transdisciplinary journal at, for a humanities title, relatively high", "45L6EkleWVQ-00018-00009470-00009624": "throughput.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00019-00009624-00010177": "We do not at this point mean mega journal in the sense of having a technical soundness", "45L6EkleWVQ-00020-00010177-00010757": "criterion of peer review, that's quite a difficult thing to translate into the humanities, and", "45L6EkleWVQ-00021-00010757-00011139": "we have thought about how you could do that, but that's not what we do with our mega journal", "45L6EkleWVQ-00022-00011139-00011239": "at present.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00023-00011239-00011682": "We're a not-for-profit charity registered in the U.K., and we do make our financial", "45L6EkleWVQ-00024-00011682-00012209": "accounts available every year so that libraries who support us can see what we're spending", "45L6EkleWVQ-00025-00012209-00012838": "the money on, and we are collectively funded by approximately 240 or so academic libraries", "45L6EkleWVQ-00026-00012838-00013487": "and institutions around the world, and those range from big Ivy League institutions, Cambridge", "45L6EkleWVQ-00027-00013487-00014095": "in the U.K., down to small liberal arts, theological colleges with a banded structure of pricing", "45L6EkleWVQ-00028-00014095-00014578": "across those different institutions.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00029-00014578-00015187": "We've planned this since 2013, and I want to talk a little bit about the background", "45L6EkleWVQ-00030-00015187-00015609": "to the project and the planning stages, because it's crucial for what I'm going to say about", "45L6EkleWVQ-00031-00015609-00016088": "learned societies later in this talk, and what it looks like to convert a learned society", "45L6EkleWVQ-00032-00016088-00016482": "model to an open-access publishing setup.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00033-00016482-00016917": "The first thing to say is that we took this from the very start as a social rather than", "45L6EkleWVQ-00034-00016917-00017061": "technical operation.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00035-00017061-00017482": "It's very easy to get bogged down in tech, particularly if your background is as a computer", "45L6EkleWVQ-00036-00017482-00018048": "programmer as mine is, you tend to see all nails as technological things you can hit", "45L6EkleWVQ-00037-00018048-00018293": "with tech hammers.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00038-00018293-00018820": "And so what we did initially in the planning stage was to get together a group of academics", "45L6EkleWVQ-00039-00018820-00019401": "from around the world, primarily from the U.S., the U.K., and Europe, I must admit,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00040-00019401-00019842": "so there are diversity implications the way we set that structure up, but we're now thinking", "45L6EkleWVQ-00041-00019842-00020539": "much more about doing censuses of our editorial composition and the advisory boards to ensure", "45L6EkleWVQ-00042-00020539-00020689": "global representation.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00043-00020689-00021165": "But essentially what we asked was, in this context, \"If you went to build something like", "45L6EkleWVQ-00044-00021165-00021543": "Plus in the humanities disciplines, what would it have to look like?\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00045-00021543-00022077": "And one of the fundamental questions we asked academics in the humanities here was, \"What", "45L6EkleWVQ-00046-00022077-00022428": "level of article processing charge could you afford?\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00047-00022428-00022967": "And we expected the answer to come back at something like, \"Oh, probably about $200,\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00048-00022967-00023768": "and that for us was what we expected as a hypothesis, but it was also intensely problematic,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00049-00023768-00024265": "because we knew you can run a publishing operation at the volumes we were thinking of on $200", "45L6EkleWVQ-00050-00024265-00024574": "per article, that unit cost is just not sustainable.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00051-00024574-00025106": "They actually came back and said, \"We couldn't afford it on any level of article processing", "45L6EkleWVQ-00052-00025106-00025206": "charge.\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00053-00025206-00025752": "That was coming even from the largest institutions in the world, which seems to us to indicate", "45L6EkleWVQ-00054-00025752-00025926": "that there are two things going.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00055-00025926-00026497": "At some institutions there simply was no budget whatsoever for an article processing charge", "45L6EkleWVQ-00056-00026497-00027133": "model, and at other institutions, where clearly there could be funding available, academics", "45L6EkleWVQ-00057-00027133-00027592": "were just not accustomed to knowing which channels they could appeal to receive that", "45L6EkleWVQ-00058-00027592-00028041": "funding, and they didn't know that libraries often had a budget available to them.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00059-00028041-00028514": "That didn't really matter to us because the clear message we got was, \"We do not approve", "45L6EkleWVQ-00060-00028514-00028738": "of the article processing charge model.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00061-00028738-00029144": "We think it not only warps what you have to do as a publisher, increasing your throughput", "45L6EkleWVQ-00062-00029144-00029614": "to get to a level of sustainability, but also we don't have the institutional structures", "45L6EkleWVQ-00063-00029614-00030029": "in place in the humanities disciplines for disbursement of this.\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00064-00030029-00030650": "I'd also like to point out that we were thinking at this point also about distribution of costs,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00065-00030650-00031166": "and the fact that article processing charges tend to concentrate costs on specific points", "45L6EkleWVQ-00066-00031166-00031594": "that are not always the points where the funding is available.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00067-00031594-00032036": "So a really good example of this is, if you imagine there are 100 people in this room,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00068-00032036-00032547": "just for the sake of making the mathematics easy, if I needed $100 to do this talk and", "45L6EkleWVQ-00069-00032547-00033071": "I asked you each for one dollar, you might say yes or you might tell me to go away anyway,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00070-00033071-00033687": "but if I just went to one member of the audience and demanded $100 upfront, that would be completely", "45L6EkleWVQ-00071-00033687-00034072": "unacceptable, I'd assume, unless you really liked what I was saying today.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00072-00034072-00034562": "And we started to think about the way in which there are research-intensive institutions", "45L6EkleWVQ-00073-00034562-00035031": "that do not have library budgets that can accommodate a single article processing charge", "45L6EkleWVQ-00074-00035031-00035322": "at around the $2,000 mark.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00075-00035322-00035681": "Those institutions bear the brunt of cost concentration.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00076-00035681-00036186": "You also have an international situation, so I'm going to talk later about Plan S in", "45L6EkleWVQ-00077-00036186-00036965": "the Eurozone and in the U.K., but we also saw that, basically, if you're in an economy", "45L6EkleWVQ-00078-00036965-00037497": "where government mandates are accelerating open access, but you still find that most", "45L6EkleWVQ-00079-00037497-00037995": "of your purchasing of subscriptions is going abroad to, say, decentralized systems like", "45L6EkleWVQ-00080-00037995-00038393": "the U.S. model, where you still have to buy subscriptions because there's no top-down", "45L6EkleWVQ-00081-00038393-00038881": "pressure, you've got a real problem because that budget can't be offset easily against", "45L6EkleWVQ-00082-00038881-00039315": "your open-access expenditure, plus the fact that, obviously, the biggest science publisher", "45L6EkleWVQ-00083-00039315-00039832": "in the world refuses to sign offsetting agreements with national-level consortial bodies.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00084-00039832-00040347": "But nonetheless, what we were doing at this stage was thinking about the challenges in", "45L6EkleWVQ-00085-00040347-00040658": "the humanities, and they seemed like massive problems.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00086-00040658-00041186": "We were very fortunate to receive support from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation on two", "45L6EkleWVQ-00087-00041186-00041286": "attempts.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00088-00041286-00041611": "The first was a planning grant, it was at the University of Lincoln in the U.K., and", "45L6EkleWVQ-00089-00041611-00042012": "then a grant to scale this up to a full platform.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00090-00042012-00042531": "And what we did in the planning grant was to approach as many libraries as we possibly", "45L6EkleWVQ-00091-00042531-00043119": "could - I'd not recommend giving three talks a week at diverse geographical locations around", "45L6EkleWVQ-00092-00043119-00043610": "the world for a year-long period, but we did manage it, and we got a sizable number of", "45L6EkleWVQ-00093-00043610-00044184": "signups in the first year to support a platform on an ongoing basis that would house open-access", "45L6EkleWVQ-00094-00044184-00044769": "journals in the humanities without any author-facing charges, and I'll talk a little bit about", "45L6EkleWVQ-00095-00044769-00044906": "what we did around that.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00096-00044906-00045474": "One of the other problems that we encountered when we were starting this project was the", "45L6EkleWVQ-00097-00045474-00045903": "prestige trap, with which I'm sure many people in this room are familiar, but which I'm going", "45L6EkleWVQ-00098-00045903-00046412": "to briefly recount anyway, which is that researchers operate within a very strange, symbolic economy,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00099-00046412-00046928": "that at once gives them a type of freedom in their choice of research object, while", "45L6EkleWVQ-00100-00046928-00047419": "at the same time tying them in to specific economic conditions of production that are", "45L6EkleWVQ-00101-00047419-00047625": "usually unremarked upon.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00102-00047625-00048174": "So these researchers - researchers, not bathroom signs here, but it's the only logo that's", "45L6EkleWVQ-00103-00048174-00048778": "available for researchers - are free from the market pressure to pursue populous projects,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00104-00048778-00049140": "by which I mean that most researchers do not have to sell enough copies of their articles", "45L6EkleWVQ-00105-00049140-00049502": "and books to make their living entirely.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00106-00049502-00049897": "Academia operates on one of the last patronage systems in operation in the world, except", "45L6EkleWVQ-00107-00049897-00050568": "for perhaps arts grants, where we give researchers autonomy over their research choice so that", "45L6EkleWVQ-00108-00050568-00051084": "we can investigate minute but nonetheless important epistemological questions.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00109-00051084-00051640": "Now, most institutions in the U.K. and in the U.S., as well, have a clause in their", "45L6EkleWVQ-00110-00051640-00052178": "IP agreements that grants back the copyrights on research that is produced to researchers", "45L6EkleWVQ-00111-00052178-00052278": "themselves.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00112-00052278-00052708": "So in the U.K., actually, if you produce any work under an employment contract, it is owned", "45L6EkleWVQ-00113-00052708-00053211": "by your employer, but almost every university has a direct IP clause that says, \"We grant", "45L6EkleWVQ-00114-00053211-00053392": "that back to researchers.\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00115-00053392-00053873": "And so researchers are free to hand their work to the publisher that they believe will", "45L6EkleWVQ-00116-00053873-00054170": "do the best job with it, for a variety of reasons.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00117-00054170-00054735": "But what I contend is perhaps the core driver of publication choices, as I'm sure most of", "45L6EkleWVQ-00118-00054735-00055251": "you know, it is the set of assessment paradigms to which researchers are subjected.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00119-00055251-00055930": "And this works on a scarcity correlation between labor time available and the prestige of the", "45L6EkleWVQ-00120-00055930-00056030": "venue.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00121-00056030-00056457": "So when we appoint a junior lecturer, which is an assistant professor in the English department,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00122-00056457-00056998": "we usually have about 200 to 250 applicants, all with PhD in hand, usually with the first", "45L6EkleWVQ-00123-00056998-00057145": "book as well.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00124-00057145-00057814": "U.K. employment law is much harsher than U.S. law in terms of a search committee being able", "45L6EkleWVQ-00125-00057814-00058245": "to take its time over this type of matter, so we essentially find ourselves with two", "45L6EkleWVQ-00126-00058245-00058945": "weeks to winnow down 250 applicants with 250 books to a pool of five we can interview and", "45L6EkleWVQ-00127-00058945-00059327": "then appoint within a one-day process after that.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00128-00059327-00059557": "Do we read 250 books?", "45L6EkleWVQ-00129-00059557-00059700": "Of course we do not.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00130-00059700-00060236": "We start to look for a correlation between that 250 to 1 ratio, and perhaps a press that", "45L6EkleWVQ-00131-00060236-00060763": "also has a 250 to 1 acceptance ratio on its titles.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00132-00060763-00061309": "It's a very flawed system - everyone can name a top university press that has nonetheless", "45L6EkleWVQ-00133-00061309-00061785": "published a terrible book, and every academic, because of the academic autonomy that's given", "45L6EkleWVQ-00134-00061785-00062358": "to them, could publish their book in a brand new press that nobody has ever heard of.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00135-00062358-00062805": "But nonetheless it's that shortage of labor, shortage of evaluative labor, that causes", "45L6EkleWVQ-00136-00062805-00063262": "us huge problems and that leads to this poor judgmental quality and leads people to continue", "45L6EkleWVQ-00137-00063262-00063782": "to try and invest their symbolic capital of their work in presses whose brand function", "45L6EkleWVQ-00138-00063782-00064204": "will serve as a proxy for that shortage of our evaluative labor time.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00139-00064204-00064729": "But the key thing is, of course, as an academic, you translate that back into a salary if you're", "45L6EkleWVQ-00140-00064729-00065189": "successful at those evaluation processes through grants, through appointments, through tenure,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00141-00065189-00065455": "through whatever process you like.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00142-00065455-00065980": "And so when I see outraged articles about the Chinese system, where often researchers", "45L6EkleWVQ-00143-00065980-00066531": "are paid a direct lump cash sum if they can publish in a top English-language journal,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00144-00066531-00066873": "and everyone goes, \"That's appalling,\" I say, \"Well, actually, we have exactly the same", "45L6EkleWVQ-00145-00066873-00067420": "system, we've just managed to mask it through this circular blinding system that makes it", "45L6EkleWVQ-00146-00067420-00068161": "look as though you're behaving free from economic motivations when really that does drive behavior", "45L6EkleWVQ-00147-00068161-00068313": "nonetheless.\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00148-00068313-00068605": "So our question was, what do you do about this?", "45L6EkleWVQ-00149-00068605-00068889": "How do you get around this prestige trap?", "45L6EkleWVQ-00150-00068889-00069343": "And there are two options: you can either just ignore it and say, \"We're going to start", "45L6EkleWVQ-00151-00069343-00069672": "our own new, radical press that's just going to be from scratch, it's going to be open-access,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00152-00069672-00070186": "it's going to adhere to all the principles that we believe are sound for scholarly communications", "45L6EkleWVQ-00153-00070186-00070801": "in the 21st century,\" or you can try and convert existing entities that carry that cultural", "45L6EkleWVQ-00154-00070801-00071180": "cachet into an open-access form.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00155-00071180-00071810": "Of course, we're also trying to address a set of economic problems that are the mirror", "45L6EkleWVQ-00156-00071810-00072069": "of that symbolic capital dilemma that I just outlined.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00157-00072069-00072587": "So we have, again, a circular diagram here because I think most of these systems are", "45L6EkleWVQ-00158-00072587-00073061": "circular and that's why different actors can't see what's going on within their systems.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00159-00073061-00073547": "So researchers give their work to publishers and they also give evaluative labor time,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00160-00073547-00074136": "so a decade ago now, the Research Information Network estimated that about two billion U.K.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00161-00074136-00074586": "pounds worth of labor time was given in peer review processes to publishers.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00162-00074586-00075029": "And, again, the blinding system there is that researchers believe they're doing it for other", "45L6EkleWVQ-00163-00075029-00075394": "researchers, when obviously there's a way that capital can appropriate that labor and", "45L6EkleWVQ-00164-00075394-00075636": "recuperate it for its own functions.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00165-00075636-00076261": "We then have a range of publishers of different types who perform a range of different services.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00166-00076261-00076814": "So I'm not going to get into publisher-bashing, because I am one, but I will note that publishers", "45L6EkleWVQ-00167-00076814-00077380": "range from small, not-for-profit, mission-oriented university presses, who are sometimes one", "45L6EkleWVQ-00168-00077380-00077925": "lawsuit away from bankruptcy, right up to the big five publishers with whom we're all", "45L6EkleWVQ-00169-00077925-00078323": "familiar and who make profit margins double the size of Big Pharma.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00170-00078323-00079067": "The kind of functions that I think we want in the system are typesetting, copy editing,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00171-00079067-00079694": "proofreading, digital preservation, platform maintenance, legal protection, copyright advice,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00172-00079694-00079875": "running a stable organization.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00173-00079875-00080347": "So one of the baffling things that people often say to me about new publishers is, \"What", "45L6EkleWVQ-00174-00080347-00080537": "happens if that publisher goes bust?\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00175-00080537-00080939": "And what they mean is, \"What happens to my symbolic investments in that publisher having", "45L6EkleWVQ-00176-00080939-00081348": "given them my work if they go bust and that brand is no longer recognized?\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00177-00081348-00081836": "It should make no difference whatsoever if it went through a certification process and", "45L6EkleWVQ-00178-00081836-00082324": "was sound at the time and it's still available, but there is still anxiety.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00179-00082324-00082633": "But what I want to point out there is, there are a range of things that we need to do that", "45L6EkleWVQ-00180-00082633-00083139": "all have costs attached, that researchers value and continue to claim that they want,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00181-00083139-00083532": "and that need to be paid for somehow in this system.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00182-00083532-00084054": "We also know, though, that, due to the mass expansion of higher education since 1986 or", "45L6EkleWVQ-00183-00084054-00084855": "so, we've seen a 300% rise in serials expenditure, according to ARL statistics, over that period.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00184-00084855-00085445": "That, of course, leads to an access gap worldwide, and that is one of the economic challenges", "45L6EkleWVQ-00185-00085445-00085822": "that the open-access world has said it is trying to address.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00186-00085822-00086360": "But there are also different stances on that within the open access movement.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00187-00086360-00086894": "There are some who say, \"Open access is costing us more, and that is unacceptable, because", "45L6EkleWVQ-00188-00086894-00087170": "the idea was to reduce costs in the first place.\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00189-00087170-00087579": "There are others who believe that that's a goal in its end, and that the additional cost", "45L6EkleWVQ-00190-00087579-00087987": "that's being borne at the moment through library budgets and article processing charges is", "45L6EkleWVQ-00191-00087987-00088291": "a price worth paying for open access.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00192-00088291-00088932": "So I think it's dangerous to homogenize what people want from the economics of open access.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00193-00088932-00089380": "What we wanted from the economics of open access was a way of achieving OA in the humanities", "45L6EkleWVQ-00194-00089380-00090005": "disciplines without APCs at a cost that is affordable to a range of libraries at a scale", "45L6EkleWVQ-00195-00090005-00090107": "that is medium.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00196-00090107-00090695": "And the final thing to note, just in this blinding circle that I've got up here, is", "45L6EkleWVQ-00197-00090695-00091144": "that it is researchers who instructs libraries, obviously, where to spend their money for", "45L6EkleWVQ-00198-00091144-00091382": "their courses, their research needs, and so on.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00199-00091382-00091769": "And I say \"instructs\" because I'm afraid that is usually how the relationship is framed", "45L6EkleWVQ-00200-00091769-00091949": "in quite a problematic way.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00201-00091949-00092539": "A good game to play with researchers, though, is to ask them, \"How much does it cost to", "45L6EkleWVQ-00202-00092539-00092879": "subscribe to the journal in which you just published?\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00203-00092879-00093358": "Most of them have no idea whatsoever, very little interest whatsoever, but this is the", "45L6EkleWVQ-00204-00093358-00094064": "kind of situation that's perpetuated.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00205-00094064-00094779": "Okay, so we looked at the subscription system as it exists at the moment, where you have", "45L6EkleWVQ-00206-00094779-00095363": "many, many libraries, all paying relatively large sums to a small number of players for", "45L6EkleWVQ-00207-00095363-00095877": "the most part - over half of the expenditure of libraries goes to five publishers - in", "45L6EkleWVQ-00208-00095877-00096302": "order to have a rivalrous economic system that consists of exclusion.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00209-00096302-00096767": "So the idea in rivalrous economic systems or classical economic systems is that you", "45L6EkleWVQ-00210-00096767-00097216": "don't pay for something unless other people also pay.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00211-00097216-00097707": "I'm not usually willing to pay for drinks for everyone in the room unless their future", "45L6EkleWVQ-00212-00097707-00098322": "offer around will come back to me, although I might be feeling generous one day.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00213-00098322-00098904": "We wondered what would happen if you took a model like that set up by arXiv at Cornell,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00214-00098904-00099475": "like that set up by Knowledge Unlatched, or even like that of the Scope 3 Purchasing Consortium,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00215-00099475-00099739": "and simply made this a non-classical economic model.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00216-00099739-00100385": "So a situation where you had a fair number of libraries paying relatively small sums", "45L6EkleWVQ-00217-00100385-00100822": "to pay the ongoing infrastructural cost of a publishing platform.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00218-00100822-00101289": "So the other problem with article processing charges is that they divide up the costs of", "45L6EkleWVQ-00219-00101289-00101717": "a publisher into unit costs, as opposed to ongoing infrastructural costs.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00220-00101717-00102313": "And the strange thing is that running a publisher is actually mostly about paying people, it's", "45L6EkleWVQ-00221-00102313-00102911": "not just an automated process of, put the PDF in and get the output, for instance.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00222-00102911-00103352": "And so when you divide things up into unit costs, like a cost per article, you're relying", "45L6EkleWVQ-00223-00103352-00103857": "on a certain volume to fund your ongoing costs, and this isn't very helpful because most article", "45L6EkleWVQ-00224-00103857-00104250": "processing charges come from some kind of grant funding that, if you were in the sustainability", "45L6EkleWVQ-00225-00104250-00104597": "session, you just heard is not ongoing, open-ended funding.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00226-00104597-00104985": "It's very much time-limited and constrained to one project.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00227-00104985-00105377": "But that's not going to sustain an infrastructure forever.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00228-00105377-00105804": "So we wondered, what would happen if you got several hundred libraries who will pay these", "45L6EkleWVQ-00229-00105804-00106302": "relatively small sums and it's just open on the internet, would they pay anyway?", "45L6EkleWVQ-00230-00106302-00106857": "And what level of stretch would you get to before that model started to break?", "45L6EkleWVQ-00231-00106857-00107459": "If you went in asking them all for $20,000 for three journals, they'd probably tell you", "45L6EkleWVQ-00232-00107459-00107613": "to go away pretty quickly.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00233-00107613-00108088": "But what if you started under the $1,000 mark, which is the point at which most library directors", "45L6EkleWVQ-00234-00108088-00108559": "have authority just to authorize on their own strategic initiatives?", "45L6EkleWVQ-00235-00108559-00109052": "And what happened if you gave them a governance stake in the expansion of the platform?", "45L6EkleWVQ-00236-00109052-00109613": "So the idea here was, is there a way you can make libraries into partners of scalability?", "45L6EkleWVQ-00237-00109613-00110072": "And so what we came up with was an idea that, actually, we'll call this a subsidy, because", "45L6EkleWVQ-00238-00110072-00110541": "that's what it is, it's a way that libraries can support us to subsidize our ongoing costs", "45L6EkleWVQ-00239-00110541-00110753": "of running on a not-for-profit basis.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00240-00110753-00111254": "But we will also ask them, every time new journals want to join the platform, \"Do you", "45L6EkleWVQ-00241-00111254-00111378": "want this?", "45L6EkleWVQ-00242-00111378-00111880": "It will cost you this much more per year to potentially see this saving if you can cancel", "45L6EkleWVQ-00243-00111880-00112308": "it and it's not part of a big deal,\" so there should be offsetting built in.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00244-00112308-00112772": "And through that process, we figured that we're, one, involving libraries in that decision-making", "45L6EkleWVQ-00245-00112772-00113283": "process, but we're also mitigating our own risk of expansion, because the real challenge", "45L6EkleWVQ-00246-00113283-00113714": "of expanding a model like this is that you just grow and grow and grow, and we receive", "45L6EkleWVQ-00247-00113714-00114258": "probably five times more applications for journals to join than we can actually support", "45L6EkleWVQ-00248-00114258-00114445": "at the moment.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00249-00114445-00114941": "But asking libraries, \"Do you want it?\" is the way in which we stop cancellations year", "45L6EkleWVQ-00250-00114941-00115341": "on year, and we have a very low rate of cancellations, I'll allege.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00251-00115341-00115888": "The main reason for cancellation is, obviously, budget constraints, and the main type of institution", "45L6EkleWVQ-00252-00115888-00116430": "from which that comes is small liberal or theological colleges.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00253-00116430-00117304": "It has mixed success, the voting mechanism, is the thing I want to say in complete honesty.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00254-00117304-00117978": "The challenge is that those managing open-access funds at institutions are pushed for time,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00255-00117978-00118406": "and they get emails in their inbox every day to which they're required to respond.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00256-00118406-00118877": "We produce fairly detailed reports on the journals that we want to put forward to our", "45L6EkleWVQ-00257-00118877-00119182": "board, because we want them to have good information about it.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00258-00119182-00119594": "The challenge is, I'm sure that well-intentioned budgetary managers look at a 15-page report", "45L6EkleWVQ-00259-00119594-00119943": "and think, \"I don't really want to read that right now, I'll do it next week, I'll do it", "45L6EkleWVQ-00260-00119943-00120184": "next week,\" and then the voting period is expired.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00261-00120184-00120675": "So we have actually had people come back saying, \"How come we've got a 5% increase this year?", "45L6EkleWVQ-00262-00120675-00121275": "We only budgeted for 3%,\" and we say, \"Well, because you all voted for it, and 90% of people", "45L6EkleWVQ-00263-00121275-00121673": "who voted said 'yes' to all of them and 60% of institutions voted.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00264-00121673-00122381": "But that means you've got 40% who theoretically know nothing about this increase.\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00265-00122381-00122740": "The other challenge we've faced in the scalability and governance of the platform has been to", "45L6EkleWVQ-00266-00122740-00123238": "do with percentage rises being the metric by which libraries evaluate their year-on-year", "45L6EkleWVQ-00267-00123238-00123338": "expenditure.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00268-00123338-00123894": "Now that makes a lot of sense when you're dealing with Elsevier, Wiley, Taylor & Francis-size", "45L6EkleWVQ-00269-00123894-00124777": "deals, where a slight percentage increase is triggering multi-thousand dollar rises", "45L6EkleWVQ-00270-00124777-00124945": "in your pricing.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00271-00124945-00125578": "When your initial price is under $1,000 and you've got a 5% rise as opposed to a 3% rise,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00272-00125578-00126030": "the actual absolute figure you're talking about for that rise is incredibly small compared", "45L6EkleWVQ-00273-00126030-00126513": "to the total budget, but that's still the metric by which we're appraised, and we didn't", "45L6EkleWVQ-00274-00126513-00126879": "quite appreciate that, I think, at the beginning of this undertaking.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00275-00126879-00127428": "We've now got a way of handling this, which is to make sure we do much more direct contact", "45L6EkleWVQ-00276-00127428-00127842": "with our institutions, which is obviously more work, but actually makes a lot more sense", "45L6EkleWVQ-00277-00127842-00128340": "involving people in this governance project.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00278-00128340-00129025": "So as I said, we're now at about the 240, 250 library mark and some of the smaller names", "45L6EkleWVQ-00279-00129025-00129672": "are up on that slide there, but we welcome contributions from institutions of any size.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00280-00129672-00130026": "We've also had some interesting responses from funders, and I do want to talk about", "45L6EkleWVQ-00281-00130026-00130458": "funders because of the Plan S declaration that I'm sure some of you have heard of.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00282-00130458-00130993": "So the Wellcome Trust, for instance, publishes work in the medical humanities and social", "45L6EkleWVQ-00283-00130993-00131153": "sciences.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00284-00131153-00131793": "They supported us for three years as a general ongoing member without any articles that they", "45L6EkleWVQ-00285-00131793-00132124": "funded appearing in the title.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00286-00132124-00132561": "We do now have some Wellcome Trust-funded articles, but that was by chance rather than", "45L6EkleWVQ-00287-00132561-00132808": "because they steered anyone to it.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00288-00132808-00133362": "I thought that was an interesting twist on a funder supporting an infrastructure rather", "45L6EkleWVQ-00289-00133362-00134116": "than going down the usual cost and recognizing the challenges in this space.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00290-00134116-00134820": "We also have the National - I can't pronounce their name, is the problem, they're a Swedish", "45L6EkleWVQ-00291-00134820-00135254": "funder with way too many consonants next to each other in their name for me to be able", "45L6EkleWVQ-00292-00135254-00135354": "to say properly.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00293-00135354-00135758": "Again, none of their directly funded work has appeared in our titles, but they want", "45L6EkleWVQ-00294-00135758-00136207": "to effect a more general shift in attitude towards open-access publishing among the humanists", "45L6EkleWVQ-00295-00136207-00136333": "they fund.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00296-00136333-00136691": "I suspect they'll get fed up at some point if nobody ever publishes anything with us,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00297-00136691-00137104": "but, again, this is an interesting signal from specific funders that start to think", "45L6EkleWVQ-00298-00137104-00137368": "about ongoing infrastructural concerns.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00299-00137368-00138317": "So we now have 27 journals on the platform, so we're bigger than a small university press.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00300-00138317-00138835": "In the first year we had 909 articles, there were quite a lot of back content included", "45L6EkleWVQ-00301-00138835-00138935": "within that.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00302-00138935-00139495": "As I said, over 50% of these journals used to be subscription titles that we have flipped", "45L6EkleWVQ-00303-00139495-00139960": "away from that model, and there are two ways that we do that that I want to talk about", "45L6EkleWVQ-00304-00139960-00140060": "shortly.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00305-00140060-00140584": "But that cost distribution mechanism turns out to work quite well, although it is a slight", "45L6EkleWVQ-00306-00140584-00140836": "sleight of hand with the statistics.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00307-00140836-00141303": "So the cost per institution per article in that first year worked out at about $1.10,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00308-00141303-00141622": "because you distribute it among several hundred libraries.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00309-00141622-00142002": "Now, of course, that's not the same as an article processing charge where you're bearing", "45L6EkleWVQ-00310-00142002-00142426": "the same brunt of it, but it's nonetheless quite a nice way of framing it.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00311-00142426-00143028": "We also started to demonstrate usage of humanities titles in a crude metrified way, but that", "45L6EkleWVQ-00312-00143028-00143422": "nonetheless is quite persuasive to humanists who have to justify themselves on the basis", "45L6EkleWVQ-00313-00143422-00143546": "of numbers anyway.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00314-00143546-00144277": "So 120,000 or so unique readers, we count a unique reader as somebody who visits a page,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00315-00144277-00144898": "stays on it for 30 seconds, and then doesn't ... the revisiting period is according to", "45L6EkleWVQ-00316-00144898-00145314": "counter-specifications for how frequently they can revisit before we count it as another", "45L6EkleWVQ-00317-00145314-00145506": "unique view.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00318-00145506-00145944": "We don't use Google Analytics or anything like that because we call ourselves a library", "45L6EkleWVQ-00319-00145944-00146428": "and we don't really believe in tracking people across the internet and giving away the data", "45L6EkleWVQ-00320-00146428-00146851": "on what they've read, particularly since we have a number of articles about, at the moment,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00321-00146851-00147343": "anti-Muslim hate crime, for instance, that we don't really want leaking out who's reading", "45L6EkleWVQ-00322-00147343-00147661": "that and that being available for third parties.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00323-00147661-00148256": "So this was an average of about 131 readers per article, which compares extremely favorably", "45L6EkleWVQ-00324-00148256-00148518": "with closed-access alternatives.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00325-00148518-00149053": "It doesn't, of course, actually mean anything on its own; that someone's rep visited a page", "45L6EkleWVQ-00326-00149053-00149648": "for 30 seconds doesn't imply that they were changed, using impact in that way of meaningful,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00327-00149648-00149851": "measurable behavioral change as an outcome.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00328-00149851-00150294": "But it's nonetheless quite a persuasive metric when you also consider that's not [inaudible]", "45L6EkleWVQ-00329-00150294-00151134": "25:03 $8 per institution, per article, per reader.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00330-00151134-00151504": "So I mentioned that we've been flipping journals, and this has become increasingly important,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00331-00151504-00151754": "to get around that prestige trap.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00332-00151754-00152306": "We can't actually just start new titles all the time or support journals that are already", "45L6EkleWVQ-00333-00152306-00152466": "open access.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00334-00152466-00152874": "This is one of the heartbreaking things, is that a huge number of requests we get are", "45L6EkleWVQ-00335-00152874-00153380": "from existing open-access journals that simply are not sustainable, saying, \"Can you divert", "45L6EkleWVQ-00336-00153380-00153737": "your funding stream from libraries into funding our titles?\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00337-00153737-00154138": "I'd love to be able to say yes, because these are the people who took the bold decision", "45L6EkleWVQ-00338-00154138-00154558": "to do something right in the first place - although they didn't have an economic model in place", "45L6EkleWVQ-00339-00154558-00154677": "to sustain it.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00340-00154677-00155159": "And we have to say no to them at the moment, because every time we asked libraries to fund", "45L6EkleWVQ-00341-00155159-00155604": "the journal that's already open access, they come back to us and say, \"Yes, but that's", "45L6EkleWVQ-00342-00155604-00155733": "just an additional cost.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00343-00155733-00156315": "There's no offsetting involved in that whatsoever, we haven't saved any budget.\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00344-00156315-00156746": "Perhaps the most successful of our flipping operations, though, has been the move of the", "45L6EkleWVQ-00345-00156746-00157285": "editorial board of Elsevier's journal Lingua to a new title, Glossa.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00346-00157285-00158144": "And this for us was an exercise in legal diplomacy and stealth, basically.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00347-00158144-00158787": "The challenge was that the name of the title was owned by Elsevier, so we could not move", "45L6EkleWVQ-00348-00158787-00159315": "the journal itself in its wholly existing form to an open-access platform without working", "45L6EkleWVQ-00349-00159315-00159415": "with Elsevier.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00350-00159415-00159832": "As a not-for-profit organization we don't really approve of Elsevier's business models", "45L6EkleWVQ-00351-00159832-00159973": "and what they do.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00352-00159973-00160449": "We will work with university presses who are not-for-profit, so we fund two Liverpool University", "45L6EkleWVQ-00353-00160449-00160851": "Press journals, for instance, and a University of Wales Press journal to be open-access,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00354-00160851-00161228": "but in the case of Elsevier, we felt we couldn't enter a partnership there and we couldn't", "45L6EkleWVQ-00355-00161228-00161421": "afford it anyway.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00356-00161421-00162039": "And so the entire editorial board decided collectively to step down and start a new", "45L6EkleWVQ-00357-00162039-00162626": "journal with a new title - \"lingua\" and \"glossa\" are the Latinate and Greek versions of \"tongue\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00358-00162626-00162930": "- so it's got the similar name and it's clear what's being signaled there.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00359-00162930-00163262": "And they were going to start this from scratch.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00360-00163262-00163569": "Except we didn't actually have to start it entirely from scratch because we spent a long", "45L6EkleWVQ-00361-00163569-00163861": "time socially engineering the situation.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00362-00163861-00164372": "So the key thing we did was to write to linguistics faculty around the world saying, \"This is", "45L6EkleWVQ-00363-00164372-00164493": "exactly what's happening.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00364-00164493-00164993": "The quality control mechanisms at this new journal are going to remain the same as they", "45L6EkleWVQ-00365-00164993-00165113": "were at the previous title.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00366-00165113-00165333": "The editorial board is going to be the same.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00367-00165333-00165891": "You are not going to be charged an article processing charge, we are going to copy edit,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00368-00165891-00166142": "typeset, proofread, digitally preserve your article.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00369-00166142-00166520": "There will be no change as far as you're concerned.\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00370-00166520-00166962": "And the response to this was that we had about 30 or so open letters from linguistics faculty", "45L6EkleWVQ-00371-00166962-00167378": "around the world, including a letter signed by Noam Chomsky, saying that they recognized", "45L6EkleWVQ-00372-00167378-00167924": "this title as having the same status as the previous one and pledged to publish in that", "45L6EkleWVQ-00373-00167924-00168024": "venue instead.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00374-00168024-00168434": "For legal reasons, I'm just going to state for the tape: it's not the same journal, it", "45L6EkleWVQ-00375-00168434-00168849": "was a very different title, but with the same editorial board that had previously managed", "45L6EkleWVQ-00376-00168849-00169017": "the journal at Elsevier.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00377-00169017-00169641": "So this was, for us, a clear signal that the social context in which you get people to", "45L6EkleWVQ-00378-00169641-00170297": "move is what makes it work, it's not about just changing ... if the board had done what", "45L6EkleWVQ-00379-00170297-00170771": "they'd done, set up a new title, and we had done no outreach at all, no marketing, this", "45L6EkleWVQ-00380-00170771-00170958": "would not have worked.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00381-00170958-00171264": "But the marketing is really, really hard work.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00382-00171264-00171739": "If I were to go back to our funder and start again on this, I would put double the budget", "45L6EkleWVQ-00383-00171739-00171926": "for marketing in than you thought you needed.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00384-00171926-00172177": "\"Build it and they will come\" is absolute nonsense.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00385-00172177-00172815": "Build it, go and talk to people for two years before you even start, and get them to pledge", "45L6EkleWVQ-00386-00172815-00173103": "their support with collective action, things built in.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00387-00173103-00173568": "\"If 100 other libraries say yes, would you say yes?\" is a really good technique for getting", "45L6EkleWVQ-00388-00173568-00173853": "over the chicken and egg problem at the beginning of a project.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00389-00173853-00173997": "Then they might come.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00390-00173997-00174261": "But it's still speculative.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00391-00174261-00174825": "In other cases, as I said, we've had university press journals come to us and we don't really", "45L6EkleWVQ-00392-00174825-00175315": "want to steal journals away from university presses, I like that we have a diverse ecology", "45L6EkleWVQ-00393-00175315-00175824": "of publishers, and in those cases we've negotiated with them to pay them the article processing", "45L6EkleWVQ-00394-00175824-00176271": "charge they would have received instead on a fixed volume of articles.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00395-00176271-00176666": "So that's the other thing I'll say about consortial models, is that they rely on some kind of", "45L6EkleWVQ-00396-00176666-00177076": "capping so that you can plan your budget for the next year.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00397-00177076-00177466": "So when a journal comes to us, we have to ask them, \"What do you think the maximum number", "45L6EkleWVQ-00398-00177466-00177717": "of articles you'll publish every year will be?\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00399-00177717-00178103": "And, of course, most them say, \"Well, I have no idea.\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00400-00178103-00178602": "On the other hand, I had a meeting last week with a group of English professors in an association", "45L6EkleWVQ-00401-00178602-00179074": "in the U.K. who told me that in the hybrid model, their publisher had received article", "45L6EkleWVQ-00402-00179074-00179508": "processing charges from a funder - which doesn't happen very often in my discipline - and as", "45L6EkleWVQ-00403-00179508-00179949": "a result, the publisher told them to find more articles to publish because they've just", "45L6EkleWVQ-00404-00179949-00180209": "extended the budget they had for that issue.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00405-00180209-00180627": "So you can see the perverse incentives that it encourages in that mode.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00406-00180627-00181027": "So we have an agreement with university presses where we fund their journals, we will fund", "45L6EkleWVQ-00407-00181027-00181285": "x number of articles, no more.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00408-00181285-00181726": "If they don't use up that allocation, then they can roll it across to the next year,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00409-00181726-00182035": "the budget, so that they don't have to think, \"We've got to use it up, we've got to publish", "45L6EkleWVQ-00410-00182035-00182411": "more material,\" because we want them to be in the habit of thinking that every time they", "45L6EkleWVQ-00411-00182411-00182902": "publish, there's a cost to them, so that they can assure that they're doing everything they", "45L6EkleWVQ-00412-00182902-00183278": "can to get high-quality material over just volume.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00413-00183278-00183815": "Now, I have lots of problems with the peer-review process as a way of ensuring that quality,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00414-00183815-00184319": "I think it's highly flawed; it nonetheless remains the thing that humanists value at", "45L6EkleWVQ-00415-00184319-00184762": "present, and if you want the prestige system to accumulate to your titles, you need to", "45L6EkleWVQ-00416-00184762-00185249": "make sure you have a process they trust in place at that point.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00417-00185249-00185778": "Actually, before I talk about open-source publishing technology, I'm just going to talk", "45L6EkleWVQ-00418-00185778-00185962": "now about Plan S, which I mentioned.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00419-00185962-00186383": "So for those who haven't heard of this news, the European Commission in the last couple", "45L6EkleWVQ-00420-00186383-00186979": "of months announced a pan-funder initiative called Plan S, operated by Coalition S, which", "45L6EkleWVQ-00421-00186979-00187557": "is 13 national funders from 12 countries around Europe who have agreed to a set of principles", "45L6EkleWVQ-00422-00187557-00188339": "that ban hybrid open-access and funding titles in hybrid open-access journals, and we've", "45L6EkleWVQ-00423-00188339-00188732": "just had the implementation details of this last week.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00424-00188732-00189433": "So zero embargo green open access is now allowed under this scheme as long as it has a CC BY", "45L6EkleWVQ-00425-00189433-00190091": "license, but it looks likely that a large proportion of European-funded research, and", "45L6EkleWVQ-00426-00190091-00190735": "probably all U.K. research - yes, all the U.K. research, not just funded research - will", "45L6EkleWVQ-00427-00190735-00190874": "be included within this.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00428-00190874-00191386": "There have been delegations from the European Commission to the White House to talk to national", "45L6EkleWVQ-00429-00191386-00191583": "funders over here.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00430-00191583-00191974": "China has signaled its support for these principles.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00431-00191974-00192494": "This really does look like a tipping point on which the open access movement, I think,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00432-00192494-00192859": "can capitalize if it moves at the right point.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00433-00192859-00193298": "Because learned societies are now turning around and saying, \"Well, hang on a minute.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00434-00193298-00193457": "What happens to our revenue streams?", "45L6EkleWVQ-00435-00193457-00193677": "And isn't this a bit quick?\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00436-00193677-00194278": "2020 is the deadline for implementation of Plan S. My response to them on that \"Is it", "45L6EkleWVQ-00437-00194278-00194378": "too quick?\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00438-00194378-00194713": "point is, \"Not really, because we've been asking you to do this for two decades, but", "45L6EkleWVQ-00439-00194713-00195104": "if you've only just heard about in the last five minutes, yes it does seem very quick.\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00440-00195104-00195564": "But I want to talk to you about what we're trying to do next with respect to learned", "45L6EkleWVQ-00441-00195564-00195835": "societies and their sustainability under that model.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00442-00195835-00196362": "So before I do that, just quickly, we've also been building some open-source publishing", "45L6EkleWVQ-00443-00196362-00196669": "technology; I can't resist talking about it a little bit even though I said most of the", "45L6EkleWVQ-00444-00196669-00196950": "problems are social, not technological.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00445-00196950-00197563": "We've built an automated JATS XML typesetter, so if you want to produce XML and you're doing", "45L6EkleWVQ-00446-00197563-00197937": "a library publishing operation, get in touch with me and I'll show you what we've built", "45L6EkleWVQ-00447-00197937-00198047": "in that respect.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00448-00198047-00198676": "It takes Microsoft Word input and produces relatively good, structured JATS XML output", "45L6EkleWVQ-00449-00198676-00198957": "that can be cleaned up in an editor like Texture.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00450-00198957-00199451": "We've built a CSS regions PDF generator, so once you've got that XML, we have a way to", "45L6EkleWVQ-00451-00199451-00199984": "convert that into automated PDFs, which is pretty handy, although it still requires manual", "45L6EkleWVQ-00452-00199984-00200303": "checking - as I said, there are people involved.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00453-00200303-00200744": "And we've also built translation layers so that people who want to leverage the power", "45L6EkleWVQ-00454-00200744-00201474": "of open licenses for cross-community, cross-lingual communications can do their own translations", "45L6EkleWVQ-00455-00201474-00201995": "that others can rate, can modify, and can edit in the browser, and that's called Anatram", "45L6EkleWVQ-00456-00201995-00202095": "? 33:40.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00457-00202095-00202697": "These are all openly available and I can talk more about them in the Q&A if you'd like.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00458-00202697-00203014": "But here's what we're trying to do with learned societies.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00459-00203014-00203521": "So at the moment there's a huge problem with learned societies' funding models, their journal", "45L6EkleWVQ-00460-00203521-00203759": "titles, and open access.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00461-00203759-00204361": "And the problem is that learned societies are valued by communities - my discipline", "45L6EkleWVQ-00462-00204361-00205037": "funds postdocs, it funds junior positions, it funds a range of travel scholarships, it", "45L6EkleWVQ-00463-00205037-00205588": "funds, obviously, publication programs, and its general governmental lobbying activities", "45L6EkleWVQ-00464-00205588-00206016": "- I don't mean that in the sense of lobbying as in giving them bribes or anything, I mean", "45L6EkleWVQ-00465-00206016-00206630": "just in the sense of advocating for the humanities, for instance - out of the profits it makes", "45L6EkleWVQ-00466-00206630-00207244": "on its journal, which are shared 50/50 with its very large publisher.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00467-00207244-00207671": "Now the questions that arise then are, \"Why should library budgets be the way that we", "45L6EkleWVQ-00468-00207671-00207986": "fund the activities of disciplinary activities?", "45L6EkleWVQ-00469-00207986-00208573": "These are budgets that are under huge stress, surely this is a matter for those in the discipline", "45L6EkleWVQ-00470-00208573-00208840": "to decide on their institutional allocation of funding.\"", "45L6EkleWVQ-00471-00208840-00209228": "Now that's the logical approach, but that doesn't sit very well with learned societies", "45L6EkleWVQ-00472-00209228-00209701": "when you're threatening to wreck their business model as a result.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00473-00209701-00210221": "So what I've been trying to do is to come up with a model where we can take our experiences", "45L6EkleWVQ-00474-00210221-00210902": "of getting OLH off the ground to a medium size to other societies, other types of not-for-profit", "45L6EkleWVQ-00475-00210902-00211269": "publisher, and get them to adopt this model as well.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00476-00211269-00211834": "I do not believe that a single, centralized organization like OLD, like Knowledge Unlatched,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00477-00211834-00212314": "or like Scope 3 Purchasing Consortium, can do everything for everyone.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00478-00212314-00212733": "I think what we need is for this model to be distributed and seen as the way that we", "45L6EkleWVQ-00479-00212733-00213277": "move from subscriptions to open access in disciplines where project-specific APC funding", "45L6EkleWVQ-00480-00213277-00213382": "is just not forthcoming.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00481-00213382-00213909": "It's taken me a while to think that, because you get attached to your own project and you", "45L6EkleWVQ-00482-00213909-00214339": "think they are the solution to everything; they're really not.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00483-00214339-00215082": "Centralization is bad because it also puts all responsibility on one organization.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00484-00215082-00215515": "And we were an experimental project to start with, I think we're a secure platform now,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00485-00215515-00215979": "but there was no guarantee that what we did wouldn't have gone under at some point.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00486-00215979-00216201": "I hope it won't now, it looks like it won't.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00487-00216201-00216653": "But if you have a distributed system, and if libraries could commit to the idea that", "45L6EkleWVQ-00488-00216653-00217088": "they want to spread subscriptions across many organizations, perhaps they could spread open", "45L6EkleWVQ-00489-00217088-00217286": "access costs across many organizations.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00490-00217286-00217482": "You'd have a far more solid principle.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00491-00217482-00217944": "And so the plan that we're now pitching to learned societies and that we're looking for", "45L6EkleWVQ-00492-00217944-00218351": "test cases to start to work on is as follows.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00493-00218351-00218771": "So learned societies are in a different position to us when we started.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00494-00218771-00219232": "When we started we didn't have any titles, we had titles that would move to us if we", "45L6EkleWVQ-00495-00219232-00219810": "started, but we didn't have titles with subscribers.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00496-00219810-00220194": "Societies are different in some cases.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00497-00220194-00220817": "Some societies have full lists of their subscribers and do not use intermediate agents to manage", "45L6EkleWVQ-00498-00220817-00221287": "this, they are managing their own subscription basis or they're managing it with a publisher", "45L6EkleWVQ-00499-00221287-00221801": "but they have access to all the institutions that subscribe to their titles at present.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00500-00221801-00222267": "This puts them in a uniquely powerful position, and it's not all societies who can do this,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00501-00222267-00222940": "because in many instances publishers control that data and will not give access to it to", "45L6EkleWVQ-00502-00222940-00223040": "societies themselves.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00503-00223040-00223657": "But the offer is as follows: the society could move to a gold open access model and give", "45L6EkleWVQ-00504-00223657-00224469": "subscribers a 3% discount on what they paid last year if libraries continue to pay that", "45L6EkleWVQ-00505-00224469-00224634": "subscription anyway.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00506-00224634-00225109": "So this does imply a 3% cut to the budget of societies, but for those who want to do", "45L6EkleWVQ-00507-00225109-00225634": "open access and were seeing a 40 to 50% cut if they move to an article processing charge", "45L6EkleWVQ-00508-00225634-00226180": "model, that 3% cut is actually palatable in our early research stage.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00509-00226180-00226646": "The offer would only be valid, though, if 90% of existing subscribers agreed to the", "45L6EkleWVQ-00510-00226646-00226746": "model in advance.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00511-00226746-00227231": "So, again, there is an awful lot of preliminary spade work involved here.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00512-00227231-00227614": "You have to do marketing outreach to all of your subscribers and get them to collectively", "45L6EkleWVQ-00513-00227614-00228191": "agree that if enough of the body pledged, they will move to this model.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00514-00228191-00228587": "The cunning part, though, if you have an existing subscriber base, is that you say the offer", "45L6EkleWVQ-00515-00228587-00228744": "is for a fixed-term period.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00516-00228744-00229333": "So after that period, you threaten that you're going to roll back to a subscription model,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00517-00229333-00229769": "unless the library body as a whole continues to subscribe.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00518-00229769-00230219": "And in this way, you introduce the threat of material becoming paywalled and inaccessible", "45L6EkleWVQ-00519-00230219-00230567": "as an incentive to continue to track the subscription base.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00520-00230567-00231141": "I appreciate I'm arguing this to an audience full of librarians, when usually it's societies", "45L6EkleWVQ-00521-00231141-00231241": "I'm trying to persuade.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00522-00231241-00231894": "This actually works out at quite a persuasive argument for societies, because if 90% of", "45L6EkleWVQ-00523-00231894-00232317": "subscribers don't agree to the OA rate, the alternative is to just to continue the inflationary", "45L6EkleWVQ-00524-00232317-00232726": "rise in subscription costs and keep it paywalled.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00525-00232726-00233305": "And this gets around the prisoner's dilemma of library subscriptions, open access, and", "45L6EkleWVQ-00526-00233305-00233734": "consortial funding, because it basically says, \"You've got a guaranteed portion of your subscription", "45L6EkleWVQ-00527-00233734-00234258": "base coming back,\" and the offer for libraries is, you can have a 3% reduction and we'll", "45L6EkleWVQ-00528-00234258-00234787": "be open-access, or you can refuse, we'll stay subscription, and the prices go up instead.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00529-00234787-00235271": "And that makes it a no-brainer for libraries who want to support the title line who were", "45L6EkleWVQ-00530-00235271-00235554": "already subscribing.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00531-00235554-00236037": "The fixed-term period that you choose will obviously then limit your income and potential", "45L6EkleWVQ-00532-00236037-00236523": "for growth over that period, but I think, in my conversations with societies I've spoken", "45L6EkleWVQ-00533-00236523-00236966": "to, relatively small humanities societies, a three-year period of knowing that there", "45L6EkleWVQ-00534-00236966-00237304": "was a subscription was quite an appealing offer.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00535-00237304-00237614": "Libraries I've spoken to like it because the prices they're paying for these titles are", "45L6EkleWVQ-00536-00237614-00237994": "enough that they often fall within their mop-up budget at the end of the year anyway, and", "45L6EkleWVQ-00537-00237994-00238496": "they can actually front the three-year cost at the start.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00538-00238496-00239191": "Now, when you put a plan like this together and pitch it, it sounds like you're naive", "45L6EkleWVQ-00539-00239191-00239585": "and that you don't understand the work involved and that it's just going to happen.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00540-00239585-00239823": "That's not what we're proposing.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00541-00239823-00240496": "I think OHL is going to grow to about 30 journals by next year, and beyond that, I'm not sure", "45L6EkleWVQ-00542-00240496-00241090": "we want it to continue to grow in terms of title numbers, because quite frankly, that's", "45L6EkleWVQ-00543-00241090-00241337": "the point where you start to stretch the budget capacity.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00544-00241337-00241850": "It looks like you're paying a lot for the Open Library of Humanities; it also becomes", "45L6EkleWVQ-00545-00241850-00242402": "a lot of work to manage and you're not sure, if you lose any control over any of these", "45L6EkleWVQ-00546-00242402-00242826": "titles, do something wrong ethically, you're stuck with the reputation of the whole thing.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00547-00242826-00243498": "And so we're going to, I think, start to freeze our own expansion and start to offer our marketing", "45L6EkleWVQ-00548-00243498-00244028": "and experiences to learned societies to get some case studies together for what it looks", "45L6EkleWVQ-00549-00244028-00244473": "like to convert their models to an open access model.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00550-00244473-00244969": "The prices they will be able to offer will not be as good as the prices that we can do", "45L6EkleWVQ-00551-00244969-00245371": "at OHL because we don't fund postdocs, we don't fund those disciplinary activities,", "45L6EkleWVQ-00552-00245371-00245821": "but they will be better than the prices they were charging for their subscription journals", "45L6EkleWVQ-00553-00245821-00245921": "and they will be open-access.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00554-00245921-00246402": "And that's where I'm going to stop talking.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00555-00246402-00246817": "I hope that was interesting and gave you a sense of our project and what we're trying", "45L6EkleWVQ-00556-00246817-00247033": "to do at this moment.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00557-00247033-00247438": "I can talk to you about books, as well, if people want to know what we're thinking about", "45L6EkleWVQ-00558-00247438-00247659": "in that space, but thank you very much for your time.", "45L6EkleWVQ-00559-00247659-00247803": "I'd like to open it to questions."}}, {"audio_id": "4669uLO-PJM", "text": {"4669uLO-PJM-00000-00000024-00000432": "there's an extensive scientific literature describing the positive impact of dietary", "4669uLO-PJM-00001-00000432-00001008": "plant compounds on overall health and longevity however it's only now becoming clear that the", "4669uLO-PJM-00002-00001008-00001584": "consumption of diets rich in plant foods can influence neuro inflammation brain inflammation", "4669uLO-PJM-00003-00001584-00002128": "leading to the expression of cytoprotective cell protective and restorative proteins just over the", "4669uLO-PJM-00004-00002128-00002640": "last decade remarkable progress has been made to realize that oxidative stress and chronic", "4669uLO-PJM-00005-00002640-00003208": "low-grade inflammation are major risk factors underlying brain aging so no wonder antioxidant", "4669uLO-PJM-00006-00003208-00003888": "in anti-inflammatory foods may help the brain is especially vulnerable to free radical attack", "4669uLO-PJM-00007-00003888-00004560": "oxidative stress due to its high fat content and its cauldron of high metabolic activity you don't", "4669uLO-PJM-00008-00004560-00005120": "want your brains to go rancid so you'd think one of the major fat soluble dietary antioxidants", "4669uLO-PJM-00009-00005120-00005720": "like beta carotene would step in but the major carotenoid concentrated in the brain is actually", "4669uLO-PJM-00010-00005720-00006368": "lutein the brain just preferentially sucks it up for example if you look at the oldest old like in", "4669uLO-PJM-00011-00006368-00007000": "the georgia centenarian study recognizing that oxidation is involved in age-related cognitive", "4669uLO-PJM-00012-00007000-00007600": "decline they figured dietary antioxidants may play a role in its prevention or delay so it looked at", "4669uLO-PJM-00013-00007600-00008240": "eight different ones vitamin a vitamin e on down the list and only lutein was significantly related", "4669uLO-PJM-00014-00008240-00008864": "to better cognition now in this study they looked at brain tissue on autopsy by then it's a little", "4669uLO-PJM-00015-00008864-00009424": "too late so how could you study the effects of diet on the brain while you're still alive i", "4669uLO-PJM-00016-00009424-00010032": "mean if only there was a way we could physically look into the living brain with our own two eyes", "4669uLO-PJM-00017-00010104-00010968": "there is with our own two eyes the retina the back of our eyeball is actually an extension", "4669uLO-PJM-00018-00010968-00011464": "of our central nervous system and out pouching of the brain during development and right in the", "4669uLO-PJM-00019-00011464-00011928": "middle there's a spot this is what the doctor sees when they look into your eye with that", "4669uLO-PJM-00020-00011928-00012688": "bright light that spot called the macula is our hd camera where you get the highest resolution vision", "4669uLO-PJM-00021-00012688-00013296": "and it's packed with lutein and indeed levels in the retina correspond to levels in the rest of", "4669uLO-PJM-00022-00013296-00014024": "your brain so your eyes can be a window into your brain so now we can finally do studies on live", "4669uLO-PJM-00023-00014024-00014560": "people to see if diet can affect lutein levels in the eyes which reflects lutein levels in the brain", "4669uLO-PJM-00024-00014560-00015119": "and see if that correlates with improvements in cognitive function and indeed significant", "4669uLO-PJM-00025-00015119-00015616": "correlations exist between the amount of macular pigment these plant pigments like lutein in your", "4669uLO-PJM-00026-00015616-00016344": "eye and cognitive test scores you can demonstrate this on functional mri scans suggesting lutein and", "4669uLO-PJM-00027-00016344-00016944": "related plant pigment called zeaxanthin promote cognitive functioning in old age by enhancing", "4669uLO-PJM-00028-00016944-00017472": "neural efficiency the efficiency by which our nerves communicate like check out this cool study", "4669uLO-PJM-00029-00017472-00017984": "on white matter integrity using something called the diffusion tensor imaging which", "4669uLO-PJM-00030-00017984-00018528": "provides unique insights into brain network connectivity allowing you to follow the nerve", "4669uLO-PJM-00031-00018528-00019104": "tracks throughout the brain and researchers were able to show enhanced circuit integrity", "4669uLO-PJM-00032-00019104-00019656": "based on how much lutein and zeaxanthin they could see in people's eyes further evidence of a", "4669uLO-PJM-00033-00019656-00020200": "meaningful relationship between diet and integrity of our brains particularly in regions vulnerable", "4669uLO-PJM-00034-00020200-00020864": "to age-related decline so so do do alzheimer's patients have less of this macular pigment", "4669uLO-PJM-00035-00020936-00021344": "significantly less lutein in their eyes significantly less lutein in their blood", "4669uLO-PJM-00036-00021344-00021784": "and a higher occurrence of macular degeneration where this pigment layer gets destroyed", "4669uLO-PJM-00037-00021864-00022424": "the thickness of this plant pigment layer in your eyes can be measured and may be a potential marker", "4669uLO-PJM-00038-00022424-00023008": "for the beginnings of alzheimer's let's not wait that long though we know macular pigment densities", "4669uLO-PJM-00039-00023008-00023656": "related to cognitive function in older people what about during middle age one apparent consequence", "4669uLO-PJM-00040-00023656-00024152": "of aging appears to be loss of some aspects of cognitive control which starts out early", "4669uLO-PJM-00041-00024232-00024920": "in mid-adulthood but not in everybody suggesting maybe something like diet could be driving some of", "4669uLO-PJM-00042-00024920-00025400": "the differences here's a measure of cognitive control showing younger on average do better", "4669uLO-PJM-00043-00025400-00026080": "than older adults but older adults who have high macular pigment lots of lutein in the back", "4669uLO-PJM-00044-00026080-00026600": "of their eyes do significantly better these results suggest that the protective role of", "4669uLO-PJM-00045-00026600-00027176": "carotenoids like lutein within the brain may be evident during early and middle adulthood decades", "4669uLO-PJM-00046-00027176-00027888": "prior to the onset of more apparent cognitive decline later in life you can take 20 year olds", "4669uLO-PJM-00047-00027888-00028464": "and show superior auditory function in those with more macular pigment in their eyes", "4669uLO-PJM-00048-00028544-00029024": "look the auditory system our hearing like the rest of our central nervous system", "4669uLO-PJM-00049-00029024-00029527": "is ultimately constructed and maintained by diet and is therefore not surprisingly", "4669uLO-PJM-00050-00029527-00030080": "sensitive to dietary intake throughout life all the way back to childhood", "4669uLO-PJM-00051-00030152-00030648": "higher macular pigment is associated with higher academic achievement among school children you can", "4669uLO-PJM-00052-00030648-00031216": "look into a kid's eyes and get some sense of how well they may do in subjects like math and writing", "4669uLO-PJM-00053-00031295-00031992": "this finding is important because macular lutein is modifiable and can be manipulated", "4669uLO-PJM-00054-00031992-00033008": "by dietary intake okay okay so where is lutein found the avocado and egg industries like to boast", "4669uLO-PJM-00055-00033008-00033576": "about how much of these macular pigments they have in their products but the real superstars are dark", "4669uLO-PJM-00056-00033576-00034544": "green leafy vegetables a half a cup of kale has 50 times more than an egg a spinach salad or a 50", "4669uLO-PJM-00057-00034544-00035136": "egg omelet and the earlier the better pregnant and breastfeeding women should definitely be checking", "4669uLO-PJM-00058-00035136-00035824": "off my daily dozen green servings but it's also apparently never too late while some age-related", "4669uLO-PJM-00059-00035824-00036320": "cognitive decline is to be expected these effects may be less pronounced among those eating more", "4669uLO-PJM-00060-00036320-00037984": "green and leafy but you don't know for sure until you put it to the test which we'll explore next"}}, {"audio_id": "46s0OGb_kAA", "text": {"46s0OGb_kAA-00000-00001180-00001544": "Hey everyone, I sure hope you're having a great day!", "46s0OGb_kAA-00001-00001544-00001810": "It's been a while, right?", "46s0OGb_kAA-00002-00001810-00002055": "It's pretty early here this morning, as I'm recording this.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00003-00002055-00002634": "I'm just catching up on a few things while the house is still asleep, so Pork Chop and", "46s0OGb_kAA-00004-00002634-00002919": "I are hanging out in the studio together.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00005-00002919-00003159": "He's napping over there on his little doggy bed.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00006-00003159-00003746": "So, If you hear any snoring, I promise it's not me.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00007-00003746-00004171": "I want to take a moment this morning to talk about something that has really been on my", "46s0OGb_kAA-00008-00004171-00004271": "mind lately.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00009-00004271-00004772": "I already know I'm going to ramble a bit, because it's been a while, so please bear", "46s0OGb_kAA-00010-00004772-00004889": "with me.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00011-00004889-00005553": "A lot of this episode is going to be personal and will sound a little 'me focused', but", "46s0OGb_kAA-00012-00005553-00006087": "hopefully I'll succeed in showing why we needed to go that route by the end.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00013-00006087-00006775": "I'll start by sharing that I'm blessed with an incredibly diverse friend group, both in", "46s0OGb_kAA-00014-00006775-00007059": "real life and online.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00015-00007059-00007622": "My personal circles look like a Venn diagram run completely amok!", "46s0OGb_kAA-00016-00007622-00008126": "Every color of the rainbow, every political position on the spectrum, every financial", "46s0OGb_kAA-00017-00008126-00008803": "bracket, every spiritual practice and every possible combination of those factors - and", "46s0OGb_kAA-00018-00008803-00009066": "I just adore them all.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00019-00009066-00009606": "So many of my close friends are in various iterations of counseling and ministry - what", "46s0OGb_kAA-00020-00009606-00010232": "I just call people-helping - because I've spent the last 20-plus years in that space,", "46s0OGb_kAA-00021-00010232-00010789": "but that journey has lead me into precious relationships with experts in lots of other", "46s0OGb_kAA-00022-00010789-00011554": "fields like education, broadcasting, science, music, medicine, cinema, civic work, non-profit", "46s0OGb_kAA-00023-00011554-00011792": "work - I could go on.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00024-00011792-00012340": "Not to mention - thanks to the internet and platforms like this - I've had the real privilege", "46s0OGb_kAA-00025-00012340-00012962": "of reconnecting with so many high school friends who have all blossomed into incredible individuals", "46s0OGb_kAA-00026-00012962-00013699": "with varied areas of expertise and life experiences and hobbies and interests.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00027-00013699-00014293": "I'm just really so proud of all of us and how far we've come from old school Huntsville", "46s0OGb_kAA-00028-00014293-00014483": "in the 80's.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00029-00014483-00014965": "At the top of everything of course, I have four amazing babies that are now finding their", "46s0OGb_kAA-00030-00014965-00015511": "way in the world as young adults that I am so blessed to be able to call my daughters,", "46s0OGb_kAA-00031-00015511-00016122": "and the people that ARE and have been in their lives are important to me too.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00032-00016122-00016761": "The sheer diversity and richness of human wisdom I have access to in my life is frankly", "46s0OGb_kAA-00033-00016761-00017117": "just staggeringly beautiful to me.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00034-00017117-00017731": "In the same way that an Easter morning sunrise gives hope, or a sunset over the ocean on", "46s0OGb_kAA-00035-00017731-00018376": "a clear night gives goosebumps in awe, or the wind dancing through treetops on a mountain", "46s0OGb_kAA-00036-00018376-00019077": "hike lifts our heads up in wonder - that's how I feel when I really stand back and take", "46s0OGb_kAA-00037-00019077-00019965": "a wider view of this multi-faceted, multicolored, multi-talented array of humanity I'm so blessed", "46s0OGb_kAA-00038-00019965-00020213": "to walk through this life with.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00039-00020213-00020869": "The most important thing about any of us is not our financial status, our personal way", "46s0OGb_kAA-00040-00020869-00021579": "of connecting with our creator, our skin color, our political alignment, our weight, our age", "46s0OGb_kAA-00041-00021579-00022138": "or even our ideas on how we can solve common issues.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00042-00022138-00022870": "The most important thing about each of us is our shared humanity.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00043-00022870-00023501": "THAT is the one thing we all truly do share together, and - at least right now it seems", "46s0OGb_kAA-00044-00023501-00024015": "- the one thing the world around us seems to want us to just ignore.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00045-00024015-00024377": "Well, I can't do that.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00046-00024377-00025014": "I grew up in a bit of a dysfunctional household, as I know many of us have in one way or another.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00047-00025014-00025475": "I'm kind of thankful for that, because it set me on a course that eventually lead me", "46s0OGb_kAA-00048-00025475-00026043": "to retrain my brain to do what I call \"digging for gold\".", "46s0OGb_kAA-00049-00026043-00026636": "If I focus on the dirt and the mud and the sludge, that's all I'm going to experience.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00050-00026636-00027280": "But if I am looking for the gold - meaning, if I can uncover something valuable from my", "46s0OGb_kAA-00051-00027280-00027956": "experiences, whether those experiences are categorized as good or bad - I have not ever", "46s0OGb_kAA-00052-00027956-00028197": "once \"lost out\".", "46s0OGb_kAA-00053-00028197-00028769": "Digging for gold means that if I have to sift through a mountain of mud to find a fleck", "46s0OGb_kAA-00054-00028769-00029259": "of gold, I still won, and I walk away with hope.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00055-00029259-00029834": "This is the only way I have found to not just survive the challenges, stupid choices and", "46s0OGb_kAA-00056-00029834-00030477": "struggles of life, but to thrive in spite of them - maybe even because of them.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00057-00030477-00030989": "I teach my daughters that no matter what happens in your life, if you can walk away from the", "46s0OGb_kAA-00058-00030989-00031669": "experience having eventually learned something valuable you can take with you into your future,", "46s0OGb_kAA-00059-00031669-00032052": "you have not ever lost or failed.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00060-00032052-00032653": "None of us are perfect and none of us can control the actions of other people.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00061-00032653-00033325": "What we can control is how we process an experience and how we choose to react.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00062-00033325-00033871": "That's not toxic positivity, that's humility, wisdom and a winning strategy.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00063-00033871-00034560": "So, I share all of that to offer a little more context of my thinking process in what", "46s0OGb_kAA-00064-00034560-00034771": "I want to share with you here.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00065-00034771-00035527": "We have all been experiencing what is called \"complex trauma\" over the last couple of years.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00066-00035527-00035753": "Lots of it, and in many ways.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00067-00035753-00036277": "So many changes to life as we knew it, as we have all attempted to adapt during the", "46s0OGb_kAA-00068-00036277-00036515": "pandemic.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00069-00036515-00037252": "Complex trauma is defined as exposure to varied and multiple traumatic events, often of an", "46s0OGb_kAA-00070-00037252-00037502": "invasive, interpersonal nature.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00071-00037502-00037749": "I know I have personally experienced that.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00072-00037749-00038196": "I had the wind knocked out of my sails on several fronts as a result, and that's why", "46s0OGb_kAA-00073-00038196-00038624": "the podcast has been silent for all these months.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00074-00038624-00039208": "I found my own peace and grounding through this time in research and writing, because", "46s0OGb_kAA-00075-00039208-00039566": "I'm super nerdy that way.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00076-00039566-00039955": "Hopefully the fruit of that ongoing work will bless people.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00077-00039955-00040393": "I hope you found something you could lean into for comfort and peace, too.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00078-00040393-00041043": "I've been kind of amazed - in a good way - by the different ways I've seen people coping", "46s0OGb_kAA-00079-00041043-00041234": "through all of this.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00080-00041234-00041924": "So much ingenuity and creativity has been blossoming on every front.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00081-00041924-00042408": "Even if you don't feel you coped with the challenges of this time well, you're still", "46s0OGb_kAA-00082-00042408-00043078": "here - and that's an accomplishment in and of itself, and should be applauded.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00083-00043078-00043400": "I want to share with you what I have seen.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00084-00043400-00043708": "Hopefully at this point you understand that I am not blowing sunshine up your skirt, as", "46s0OGb_kAA-00085-00043708-00043962": "the old grandmas would say.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00086-00043962-00044062": "You're amazing.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00087-00044062-00044462": "You are created in the image of the Creator.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00088-00044462-00045043": "If you don't believe that, that's ok - I'm just sharing how I process it.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00089-00045043-00045663": "What can't be argued is that you're so intelligent in many specific ways, and even though your", "46s0OGb_kAA-00090-00045663-00046649": "life may not feel like it at times, it's vital to humanity as a whole that you just be you.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00091-00046649-00047168": "We all have something unique within us to bring to the table, and I for one, welcome", "46s0OGb_kAA-00092-00047168-00047328": "that and cherish it.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00093-00047328-00048128": "We have lost so many members of our human family since the onset of this trauma, I feel", "46s0OGb_kAA-00094-00048128-00048574": "like we should all cherish one another who are left.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00095-00048574-00049258": "Life must go on, but I feel we're in a very unique position in history to decide what", "46s0OGb_kAA-00096-00049258-00049592": "that life we're going on with can be.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00097-00049592-00050442": "At the end of the day, there is no government, no religion, no cult, no politician, no guru,", "46s0OGb_kAA-00098-00050442-00051199": "no boss, no family member - that can choose for you how to really BE at peace with your", "46s0OGb_kAA-00099-00051199-00051569": "neighbors, friends and family.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00100-00051569-00052389": "YOU get to choose how you process these situations and you get to choose how to respond.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00101-00052389-00052648": "I propose love.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00102-00052648-00052979": "I propose inclusion.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00103-00052979-00053641": "I propose broadening our personal definitions of the word \"WE\".", "46s0OGb_kAA-00104-00053641-00054295": "WE are the brothers and sisters of humanity, and we can - if we choose to - begin simply", "46s0OGb_kAA-00105-00054295-00054579": "having one another's back.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00106-00054579-00055150": "We don't have to agree with every thought that pops into our heads.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00107-00055150-00055992": "We can take those thoughts captive and subject them to the warm glowing light of love.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00108-00055992-00056637": "Life is complicated in general, especially during these complex traumatic times.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00109-00056637-00057269": "But the great news is - we get to choose.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00110-00057269-00057452": "What we focus on matters.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00111-00057452-00057702": "Maybe more than anything.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00112-00057702-00058444": "It is a very very real statement of fact to suggest that what you focus on grows.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00113-00058444-00058763": "That's not new age hippy hokum.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00114-00058763-00058930": "It's real.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00115-00058930-00059516": "What you focus on grows, because it grows within you, and it takes root.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00116-00059516-00060176": "THEN it begins to twist itself into every area of your life, like how you process events", "46s0OGb_kAA-00117-00060176-00060735": "and how you value and interact with our fellow humans.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00118-00060735-00060914": "Focus matters.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00119-00060914-00061488": "Whether we've focused on something positive or negative - that focus will manifest in", "46s0OGb_kAA-00120-00061488-00061632": "our lives.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00121-00061632-00061774": "We can't help it.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00122-00061774-00061954": "It's the way humans work.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00123-00061954-00062700": "Are you going to focus on the dirt, the mud and the sludge... or will you choose to dig", "46s0OGb_kAA-00124-00062700-00062892": "for gold.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00125-00062892-00063605": "Because there is gold - a lot of gold - priceless gold - made up of the one thing we get to", "46s0OGb_kAA-00126-00063605-00064041": "take with us when we leave this earth.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00127-00064041-00064455": "Our relationships with one another.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00128-00064455-00064930": "It's high time that we begin choosing for ourselves what our relationships with other", "46s0OGb_kAA-00129-00064930-00065104": "people will be.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00130-00065104-00065795": "We don't have to dislike anyone because they've been grouped together for us in an oppositional", "46s0OGb_kAA-00131-00065795-00066163": "way by outside sources.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00132-00066163-00066967": "We have so very much more in common than we do in any of our differences.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00133-00066967-00067422": "We can choose to see that first, whenever we're ready.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00134-00067422-00068071": "Focusing on what separates us will only cause more strife and division, and I think we've", "46s0OGb_kAA-00135-00068071-00068431": "all seen how that's working out for us.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00136-00068431-00069004": "I don't really know the definitive answers for pretty much anything - that's the curse,", "46s0OGb_kAA-00137-00069004-00069660": "I guess, of being a researcher, but I do believe - more than anything - in the power and the", "46s0OGb_kAA-00138-00069660-00070086": "majesty of love.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00139-00070086-00070443": "If we focus on that, we can accomplish anything.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00140-00070443-00070543": "Together.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00141-00070543-00071263": "I love you, you're amazing and I'm glad to be sharing life on this earth with you right", "46s0OGb_kAA-00142-00071263-00071363": "now.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00143-00071363-00072036": "I don't plan on wasting another minute of it.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00144-00072036-00072149": "Thanks for listening.", "46s0OGb_kAA-00145-00072149-00072583": "I'll see you next week."}}, {"audio_id": "46_t5J_7DDE", "text": {"46_t5J_7DDE-00000-00000019-00000569": "15 TGIF Stars Who Tried To Revive Their Careers, But Failed.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00001-00000569-00001073": "The 1990s was a generation that boasted some of the greatest television sitcoms of all", "46_t5J_7DDE-00002-00001073-00001782": "time, and many feel that the quality of television shows has declined since the end of the decade.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00003-00001782-00002223": "Networks were in heavy competition with each other, producing shows that resonated with", "46_t5J_7DDE-00004-00002223-00002533": "fans and achieved critical acclaim.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00005-00002533-00003040": "This fierce competition led to an incredible output of shows that remain cherished over", "46_t5J_7DDE-00006-00003040-00003354": "two decades since they aired on television.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00007-00003354-00003994": "Among the television slots that fans loved the most, TGIF was one of the pillars of 1990s", "46_t5J_7DDE-00008-00003994-00004576": "television, and the list of hit shows that appeared on TGIF is nearly unrivaled by other", "46_t5J_7DDE-00009-00004576-00004784": "networks during the decade.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00010-00004784-00005337": "If you’re old enough to remember tuning into TGIF during the ’90s, then you remember", "46_t5J_7DDE-00011-00005337-00005851": "the anticipation that each Friday night brought, promising to deliver the best entertainment", "46_t5J_7DDE-00012-00005851-00005957": "on television.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00013-00005957-00006597": "The shows were family friendly, and while that term may seem bad, TGIF made sure to", "46_t5J_7DDE-00014-00006597-00006944": "pump out high-quality shows that everyone was able to enjoy.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00015-00006944-00007481": "Many of the actors that appeared on the TGIF lineup became celebrities during the decade,", "46_t5J_7DDE-00016-00007481-00007933": "and many expected to see their faces for years to come.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00017-00007933-00008454": "After all, who wants to live in a world where Urkel isn’t the planet’s biggest star?", "46_t5J_7DDE-00018-00008454-00009134": "Sadly, these 15 performers found their success on TGIF, and despite their attempts to break", "46_t5J_7DDE-00019-00009134-00009669": "it big in the industry, they’ll be best known for their performances in the 1990s.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00020-00009669-00010367": "Get ready to take a stroll down memory lane because these 15 names are going to make you", "46_t5J_7DDE-00021-00010367-00010625": "dust off some old VHS tapes.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00022-00010625-00010725": "1.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00023-00010725-00010825": "Sasha Mitchell.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00024-00010825-00011311": "Unlike most Hollywood tough guys who only pretend to be skilled in various forms of", "46_t5J_7DDE-00025-00011311-00011897": "martial arts, actor Sasha Mitchell is a legitimate black belter in Taekwondo, though you would’ve", "46_t5J_7DDE-00026-00011897-00012249": "never known this judging by his character in Step by Step.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00027-00012249-00013011": "He was cast as the character Cody on the show, and he appeared in 114 episodes of the series.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00028-00013011-00013596": "Cody was a guy who was an airhead with a laid-back demeanor, hardly giving the impression that", "46_t5J_7DDE-00029-00013596-00013978": "he was capable of disarming you at a moment’s notice.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00030-00013978-00014569": "After being cast on the series, Sasha Mitchell appeared in several installments of the Kickboxer", "46_t5J_7DDE-00031-00014569-00014919": "franchise, playing the character David Sloane.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00032-00014919-00015413": "Mitchell has continued acting through the years, but his roles are very few and far", "46_t5J_7DDE-00033-00015413-00015513": "between.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00034-00015513-00016190": "His last television appearance came in 2005, while his 2017 film appearance marked the", "46_t5J_7DDE-00035-00016190-00016612": "first time he was on the big screen in 14 years.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00036-00016612-00016718": "2.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00037-00016718-00016893": "Christine Lakin.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00038-00016893-00017503": "As a member of the other family to be featured on Step by Step, actress Christine Lakin portrayed", "46_t5J_7DDE-00039-00017503-00017944": "the character Alicia Lambert for 160 episodes.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00040-00017944-00018487": "Her character was the middle, tomboy sister who preferred going by the name “Al.”", "46_t5J_7DDE-00041-00018487-00019009": "She found herself being quite the opposite of her older sisters, and she was more inclined", "46_t5J_7DDE-00042-00019009-00019384": "to roughhouse with the guys than go shopping with the girls.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00043-00019384-00019932": "Al was a very popular character on the show, and Christine Lakin became a popular name", "46_t5J_7DDE-00044-00019932-00020156": "thanks to her role on the series.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00045-00020156-00020758": "Unlike most child stars who slowly fizzle after their hit show is canceled, Christine", "46_t5J_7DDE-00046-00020758-00021192": "Lakin has remained insanely busy since Step by Step shut down production.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00047-00021192-00021884": "Her most recent role came in the comedy series Hollywood Darlings, a show centered around", "46_t5J_7DDE-00048-00021884-00022117": "former child stars from her generation.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00049-00022117-00022850": "So far, the show has only aired 8 episodes, and Lakin has yet to become as popular as", "46_t5J_7DDE-00050-00022850-00023073": "she was in the 1990s.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00051-00023073-00023218": "3.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00052-00023218-00023387": "Staci Keanan.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00053-00023387-00023923": "Unlike other shows that took place in the Bay Area during the 1990s, the series Step", "46_t5J_7DDE-00054-00023923-00024334": "by Step chose to be featured in a Wisconsin town.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00055-00024334-00024773": "Despite comparisons to other shows on the air during the time, Step by Step was able", "46_t5J_7DDE-00056-00024773-00025267": "to stand on its own, and it proved to be a success.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00057-00025267-00025822": "The story of having two families blend together had been done in the past, but this modernized", "46_t5J_7DDE-00058-00025822-00026035": "version resonated with fans.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00059-00026035-00026580": "Staci Keanan starred as the character Dana Foster on the series, and she appeared in", "46_t5J_7DDE-00060-00026580-00027257": "159 episodes of Step by Step from 1991 to 1998.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00061-00027257-00027939": "While on Step by Step, she made an appearance on Boy Meets World in 1996.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00062-00027939-00028414": "She continued to act sparingly throughout the years, though she has very few projects", "46_t5J_7DDE-00063-00028414-00028558": "of note.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00064-00028558-00029139": "One hit television show hardly guarantees to sustain success in the entertainment industry,", "46_t5J_7DDE-00065-00029139-00029456": "and Keanan is a perfect example of this.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00066-00029456-00029963": "Despite appearing on two hit shows, her success was limited to the 1990s.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00067-00029963-00030113": "4.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00068-00030113-00030213": "Jenna Leigh Green.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00069-00030213-00030774": "Much like her former co-star Beth Broderick, Jenna Leigh Green has yet to find the same", "46_t5J_7DDE-00070-00030774-00031243": "level of success that she had when she appeared on Sabrina the Teenage Witch.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00071-00031243-00031889": "She appeared in 75 credited episodes during the show’s first three seasons, but in reality,", "46_t5J_7DDE-00072-00031889-00032277": "she only made appearances in 46 episodes.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00073-00032277-00032797": "Green had only been in the entertainment industry for two short years before landing the role", "46_t5J_7DDE-00074-00032797-00033293": "of Libby Chessler, and this proved to be a massive opportunity for her.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00075-00033293-00033812": "She absolutely nailed the role, but the success of the series did very little to help her", "46_t5J_7DDE-00076-00033812-00033965": "throughout her career.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00077-00033965-00034551": "Green found herself being featured in a number of successful projects, but her appearances", "46_t5J_7DDE-00078-00034551-00035085": "were few and far between, and each role that she took on was nothing more than a one-off", "46_t5J_7DDE-00079-00035085-00035240": "character.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00080-00035240-00035738": "Most recently, she appeared in an episode of the series Quantico as the character Emily", "46_t5J_7DDE-00081-00035738-00035872": "Meyers.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00082-00035872-00036007": "5.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00083-00036007-00036180": "Beth Broderick.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00084-00036180-00036883": "Running from 1996 to 2003, Sabrina the Teenage Witch was one of the most popular shows of", "46_t5J_7DDE-00085-00036883-00037313": "the 1990s, and it even spawned several television films.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00086-00037313-00037915": "Even now, Sabrina the Teenage Witch boasts a massive cult following, which is a testament", "46_t5J_7DDE-00087-00037915-00038280": "to the writing and the acting throughout the series.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00088-00038280-00038800": "Beth Broderick starred in the role of Zelda Spellman on the series, and she appeared as", "46_t5J_7DDE-00089-00038800-00039219": "that character for 141 episodes.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00090-00039219-00039644": "Despite the massive success that the show achieved, this ended up being the biggest", "46_t5J_7DDE-00091-00039644-00040073": "project that Beth Broderick took part in during her career.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00092-00040073-00040518": "She had already been in the entertainment industry for nine years before landing the", "46_t5J_7DDE-00093-00040518-00040991": "role of Zelda Spellman, and she continues acting to this very day.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00094-00040991-00041588": "Ever since Sabrina the Teenage Witch ended its run, Broderick has appeared in other projects", "46_t5J_7DDE-00095-00041588-00041850": "such as Lost, ER, and Leverage.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00096-00041850-00042440": "Her roles in these projects all come as minor characters, and Sabrina the Teenage Witch", "46_t5J_7DDE-00097-00042440-00042819": "still remains her biggest project to date.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00098-00042819-00042919": "6.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00099-00042919-00043019": "Rachel Blanchard.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00100-00043019-00043540": "Does anyone out there remember that Clueless ended up becoming a television series?", "46_t5J_7DDE-00101-00043540-00044091": "That’s right — the smash hit film that spawned some of the most irritating catchphrases", "46_t5J_7DDE-00102-00044091-00044677": "of the 1990s ended up becoming a television show that debuted on the TGIF lineup.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00103-00044677-00045256": "It goes without saying that Clueless wasn’t a memorable show, but it did last for a surprising", "46_t5J_7DDE-00104-00045256-00045448": "amount of time on television.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00105-00045448-00046141": "The show ended up lasting 62 episodes throughout 3 seasons, and Rachel Blanchard was the anchor", "46_t5J_7DDE-00106-00046141-00046315": "of the series.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00107-00046315-00046873": "She had appeared in plenty of other projects before her time on Clueless, and had the show", "46_t5J_7DDE-00108-00046873-00047271": "been a huge success, Blanchard could’ve become a major star.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00109-00047271-00047835": "The show was a moderate success, and even though Blanchard ended up finding work throughout", "46_t5J_7DDE-00110-00047835-00048338": "the years, she never became the star that the show had set her up to be.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00111-00048338-00048966": "In recent years, Blanchard landed a lead role on the comedy series You Me Her, so there’s", "46_t5J_7DDE-00112-00048966-00049428": "still time for her to claim a spot at the top of television acting.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00113-00049428-00049561": "7.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00114-00049561-00049684": "Mark Curry.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00115-00049684-00050262": "The 1990s had a weird fascination with living in the Bay Area, and while the show Full House", "46_t5J_7DDE-00116-00050262-00050853": "took place in San Francisco, the hit comedy series Hangin’ with Mr. Cooper took place", "46_t5J_7DDE-00117-00050853-00051181": "across the Bay Bridge in Oakland, California.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00118-00051181-00051814": "Hangin’ with Mr. Cooper centered around the ex-basketball player who became a teacher,", "46_t5J_7DDE-00119-00051814-00052287": "and it was one of the funniest shows during his time in the 1990s.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00120-00052287-00053154": "Hangin’ with Mr. Cooper ran from 1992 to 1997, and it aired a total of 101 episodes", "46_t5J_7DDE-00121-00053154-00053454": "over the course of 5 seasons.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00122-00053454-00053945": "Mark Curry played the lead character in the series, and it was the biggest success he", "46_t5J_7DDE-00123-00053945-00054089": "found in his career.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00124-00054089-00054657": "He has continued to work over the years, and his biggest success came on the Nick At Nite", "46_t5J_7DDE-00125-00054657-00054885": "series See Dad Run.", "46_t5J_7DDE-00126-00054885-00055426": "While he’ll be best remembered for the series Hangin’ with Mr. Cooper, anyone who’s", "46_t5J_7DDE-00127-00055426-00055690": "heard his stand-up comedy will tell you that he’s hilarious."}}, {"audio_id": "46DIl2VEqAo", "text": {"46DIl2VEqAo-00000-00000100-00000800": "Volcanoes reveal the active forces inside the Earth", "46DIl2VEqAo-00001-00002150-00002870": "There are more than 1500 volcanoes worldwide, but none of them behaves exactly the same as another.", "46DIl2VEqAo-00002-00002870-00003890": "Therefore, it is important to study them continuously so that the possible damages they may cause to the population or transport networks ... to be minimal.", "46DIl2VEqAo-00003-00003896-00004073": "You know what a volcano is, right?", "46DIl2VEqAo-00004-00004073-00004210": "Yes, that is", "46DIl2VEqAo-00005-00004210-00005000": "A volcano is a complex process that begins inside the Earth with the formation of magma in the mantle", "46DIl2VEqAo-00006-00005000-00005429": "its ascent through the Earth's crust and go outside.", "46DIl2VEqAo-00007-00005520-00005920": "And do you know what is the difference between lava and magma?", "46DIl2VEqAo-00008-00005920-00006720": "Yes! Magma is the mixture of molten rocks, gases and fluids that are generated inside the Earth.", "46DIl2VEqAo-00009-00006720-00007230": "And when magma goes out to the surface, it is called lava.", "46DIl2VEqAo-00010-00007870-00008320": "But volcanoes, not only expel  lava... Hopefully!", "46DIl2VEqAo-00011-00008320-00008963": "They also expel gases that come up the surface through fumaroles or fractures of the Earth.", "46DIl2VEqAo-00012-00008963-00009640": "And fragments called pyroclasts are also emitted, that, depending on their size, are called:", "46DIl2VEqAo-00013-00009640-00009800": "ashes", "46DIl2VEqAo-00014-00010050-00010300": "lapilli", "46DIl2VEqAo-00015-00010400-00010600": "or bombs", "46DIl2VEqAo-00016-00010640-00011200": "Volcanic eruptions are distinguished mainly by their degree of explosiveness,", "46DIl2VEqAo-00017-00011290-00011820": "for example in effusive eruptions, lava flows like a river.", "46DIl2VEqAo-00018-00011820-00012420": "On the contrary, in explosive eruptions gases and pyroclasts are emitted violently into the atmosphere.", "46DIl2VEqAo-00019-00012422-00012900": "In fact, pyroclastic flows can be very dangerous", "46DIl2VEqAo-00020-00012900-00013819": "as all the material flows along the volcano slopes at speeds that can reach 500 kph and at very high temperatures!", "46DIl2VEqAo-00021-00013819-00014240": "Luckily there are signs that can warn us, isn't it?", "46DIl2VEqAo-00022-00014240-00014319": "That is right", "46DIl2VEqAo-00023-00014319-00014700": "Thanks to seismometers, the GPS and other instruments", "46DIl2VEqAo-00024-00014700-00015200": "we can figure out earthquakes, deformations of the ground and emissions of gases", "46DIl2VEqAo-00025-00015200-00015719": "that inform us that inside the volcano there is magma that could get out.", "46DIl2VEqAo-00026-00015860-00016420": "And although in the Iberian Peninsula there are several volcanic areas...", "46DIl2VEqAo-00027-00016700-00017200": "Currently, the main volcanic activity takes place in the Canary Islands:", "46DIl2VEqAo-00028-00017200-00017520": "Tenerife, El Hierro, La Palma and Lanzarote", "46DIl2VEqAo-00029-00017520-00017780": "have registered eruptions in the last centuries", "46DIl2VEqAo-00030-00017780-00018246": "and are subject of continuous study and monitoring by the volcanologists of the IGN."}}, {"audio_id": "46GfsFBRUcc", "text": {"46GfsFBRUcc-00001-00001077-00001177": "Music", "46GfsFBRUcc-00003-00003629-00003729": "Vlog2", "46GfsFBRUcc-00009-00007461-00007561": "Woow is crazy, here the atmosphere is really cool guys", "46GfsFBRUcc-00012-00008424-00008640": "It's really fun watching people shout from a distance", "46GfsFBRUcc-00017-00012612-00012747": "Prepare for the participants, so as not to bring electronic devices and other recording devices, and start preparing ... !!", "46GfsFBRUcc-00018-00013327-00013427": "The hand must always be on the steering wheel, making sure the seat belt is not dislodged", "46GfsFBRUcc-00019-00015882-00015982": "Music", "46GfsFBRUcc-00026-00022697-00023011": "Poor person who sits behind himself, guy overlapping hahaha ..", "46GfsFBRUcc-00033-00028052-00028152": "Music", "46GfsFBRUcc-00043-00032539-00032639": "Towards a haunted house", "46GfsFBRUcc-00044-00032688-00032988": "Let's take the group, where do we go?", "46GfsFBRUcc-00046-00033115-00033279": "Where do we go?", "46GfsFBRUcc-00053-00035831-00036094": "This is a haunted house, but the atmosphere is like in my house", "46GfsFBRUcc-00054-00036878-00037063": "Waaaa ... there's no ghost ... !!", "46GfsFBRUcc-00055-00037366-00037466": "Dont running...!!", "46GfsFBRUcc-00056-00037663-00037763": "I am not running", "46GfsFBRUcc-00057-00038600-00038700": "Shoes stepped on ... !!", "46GfsFBRUcc-00058-00042204-00042304": "Shoes stepped on ... !!", "46GfsFBRUcc-00059-00043556-00043656": "Huuuh iam crying", "46GfsFBRUcc-00060-00046646-00046862": "Music", "46GfsFBRUcc-00061-00047232-00048184": "Thanks for watching, dont forget like and subscribe guys"}}, {"audio_id": "46Lltiqut78", "text": {"46Lltiqut78-00000-00000072-00000400": "i will now hit myself for every time i click on scan", "46Lltiqut78-00001-00000400-00000744": "text, because it basically does nothing and useful for me.", "46Lltiqut78-00002-00000824-00001616": "it's just a useful feature included in ipad os 15, but today, i've started to hit myself over it.", "46Lltiqut78-00003-00001616-00002328": "sorry for that. i hope i don't think i'm gonna do it again, especially when you want to paste text."}}, {"audio_id": "474mDNgByMo", "text": {"474mDNgByMo-00000-00000000-00000179": "And, so, let's go through", "474mDNgByMo-00001-00000179-00000456": "creating a new VoiceThread, which is at the top here.", "474mDNgByMo-00002-00000490-00000772": "And, when we click on that, it wants us to Add Media.", "474mDNgByMo-00003-00000772-00001036": "We could add all different types of things here.", "474mDNgByMo-00004-00001036-00001330": "We have a lot of options. When we click Add Media,", "474mDNgByMo-00005-00001331-00001633": "it says it can be from a computer, media sources, etc, etc", "474mDNgByMo-00006-00001633-00001851": "You can look into these.", "474mDNgByMo-00007-00001892-00002161": "Often with a discussion I just tend to have an image.", "474mDNgByMo-00008-00002161-00002472": "You could have a video, you could have lots of things, but I just tend to", "474mDNgByMo-00009-00002472-00002766": "have an image and then I start everything off", "474mDNgByMo-00010-00002766-00003065": "by making my own, kind of, start off main comment.", "474mDNgByMo-00011-00003065-00003357": "And so I am just going to pull an image", "474mDNgByMo-00012-00003357-00003662": "from my computer and we'll just go with Einstein.", "474mDNgByMo-00013-00003667-00003896": "And, so, when you do that and you say... you go ahead and upload it,", "474mDNgByMo-00014-00003943-00004284": "then you can create a title, so we're just going to go with \"Test.\"", "474mDNgByMo-00015-00004299-00004598": "We could go with \"Einstein's Awesome,\" whatever we want to do here.", "474mDNgByMo-00016-00004598-00004899": "We could add a description if we want. There's also playback", "474mDNgByMo-00017-00004899-00005163": "options. These are settings that are", "474mDNgByMo-00018-00005163-00005439": "really important that we are not going to go over in this video.", "474mDNgByMo-00019-00005439-00005728": "You could also give it different cover art. When I am creating", "474mDNgByMo-00020-00005728-00006022": "multiple VoiceThreads and I know I will be teaching this multipe", "474mDNgByMo-00021-00006022-00006341": "times, for instance, if I have a master shell or", "474mDNgByMo-00022-00006341-00006641": "a place that I can copy from and work in,", "474mDNgByMo-00023-00006641-00006870": "in that course, I will just name it its title.", "474mDNgByMo-00024-00006870-00007127": "We could say \"Einstein's Awesome\"", "474mDNgByMo-00025-00007127-00007401": "If use this for a different class later,", "474mDNgByMo-00026-00007401-00007705": "I would probably change this title to add the term in it.", "474mDNgByMo-00027-00007705-00007941": "And, that just helps me keep it organized.", "474mDNgByMo-00028-00007941-00008200": "So, you can change this title later, but its", "474mDNgByMo-00029-00008200-00008444": "kinda about the only thing that you want to make sure you add", "474mDNgByMo-00030-00008444-00008731": "before you leave and you save here. Okay, so,", "474mDNgByMo-00031-00008731-00009042": "you could just, you have edit options here,", "474mDNgByMo-00032-00009089-00009293": "other options over there.", "474mDNgByMo-00033-00009293-00009587": "We'll go over those in depth in a different video. You could", "474mDNgByMo-00034-00009587-00009839": "go ahead and add your comment.", "474mDNgByMo-00035-00009839-00010161": "So, usually, I'll have kind of a landing image", "474mDNgByMo-00036-00010161-00010448": "and then I will add a comment to", "474mDNgByMo-00037-00010448-00010757": "start us off. So, if it's discussion, I would introduce myself", "474mDNgByMo-00038-00010757-00011056": "and ask them what I am wanting them to talk about;", "474mDNgByMo-00039-00011056-00011358": "basically, get things going. So, we will want to...", "474mDNgByMo-00040-00011358-00011662": "we can add the comment if we wanted to.  I tend to just", "474mDNgByMo-00041-00011662-00011889": "create it and share with the class, but that's", "474mDNgByMo-00042-00011889-00012208": "in a situation where I am creating in advance of the class.", "474mDNgByMo-00043-00012208-00012482": "You may want to go ahead and create your introduction", "474mDNgByMo-00044-00012482-00012750": "comment before you make something live and share it.", "474mDNgByMo-00045-00012750-00013015": "It's up to you. But if you go ahead and click share with", "474mDNgByMo-00046-00013015-00013310": "the class, you have to click it again and then", "474mDNgByMo-00047-00013310-00013615": "that link is active in relation to that, but", "474mDNgByMo-00048-00013615-00013929": "it's still hidden from students. You will want to go ahead and make it visible to students."}}, {"audio_id": "47qnMkHoUo8", "text": {"47qnMkHoUo8-00000-00000000-00000200": "Happy Halloween!!!!!!"}}, {"audio_id": "47EkEAHHCEc", "text": {"47EkEAHHCEc-00000-00001448-00001744": "A warm welcome here to the DEUTZ-FAHR Arena in Lauingen.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00001-00001744-00002360": "It gives us great pleasure to present to you today the latest generation of the series 7 TTV.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00002-00002360-00002782": "Manufactured in DEUTZ-FAHR LAND, the most modern tractor factory in Europe,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00003-00002782-00003209": "it offers a perfect combination of power as well as compact design,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00004-00003209-00003628": "making it ideal for transport, towing and PTO work.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00005-00003628-00004325": "The new series 7 TTV includes two models - 7250 TTV and 7250 TTV HD,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00006-00004325-00004762": "a heavy-duty version specially designed for extreme applications.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00007-00004936-00005124": "But more about that later.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00008-00005124-00005691": "Under the hood of the new 7250 TTV are the reliable DEUTZ Stage V engines,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00009-00005691-00006153": "now with an increased maximum output of 247 hp.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00010-00006153-00006398": "In addition to the engine power,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00011-00006398-00006979": "the maximum torque has also been increased, to an impressive 1072 Nm.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00012-00006979-00007601": "As a consequence, you can keep the engine speed lower when working which saves fuel.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00013-00007736-00008004": "And this also applies to road transfers,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00014-00008004-00008774": "as the new 7250 TTV now reaches 60 km/h at a low 1,799 engine revolutions.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00015-00008804-00009486": "Compared to the previous models, you will be thrilled with the driving characteristics of the new series 7 TTV.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00016-00009568-00010001": "For a smoother ride, we have increased the wheelbase by 50 mm.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00017-00010040-00010608": "In addition, a new, continuously variable TTV transmission is used.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00018-00010684-00010916": "An extremely rapid change of direction,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00019-00010916-00011572": "fast and uninterrupted acceleration as well as extreme tractive power combined with high efficiency", "47EkEAHHCEc-00020-00011572-00012078": "are just some of the strengths of the new continuously variable TTV transmission.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00021-00012300-00012756": "Let's take a closer look at the masterpiece of German engineering.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00022-00013172-00013693": "The new continuously variable TTV transmission was developed from scratch.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00023-00013960-00014479": "The focus here was on efficiency, durability and extreme tractive power.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00024-00014479-00014830": "After tens of thousands of hours of development and testing,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00025-00014830-00015499": "the result is a new milestone in continuously variable traction drives in the agricultural machinery industry.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00026-00015499-00016036": "The unique, continuously variable, TTV transmission.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00027-00016144-00016440": "Thanks to the separate CleanOil hydraulic system,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00028-00016440-00017095": "the amount of oil in the transmission has been optimised, thus avoiding splash losses and increasing efficiency.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00029-00017095-00017811": "In addition, the transmission oil change intervals have been extended to 2000h.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00030-00017811-00018593": "As with all SDF TTV transmissions, the new TTV transmission also includes a clutch for both forward and reverse travel.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00031-00018764-00019152": "In addition, two range clutches for the first and second gear.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00032-00019248-00019699": "In combination with the multi-stage planetary gear unit and the hydrostats,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00033-00019699-00020168": "a simple but very efficient hydromechanical, power-split gearbox was created.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00034-00020168-00020595": "A special feature of the TTV transmission is the hydrostat,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00035-00020704-00021420": "because, depending on the ground speed, the hydraulic units work either as a hydraulic pump or as a hydraulic motor.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00036-00021576-00022224": "This is made possible by the two-stage planetary gear unit in conjunction with the range couplings.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00037-00022224-00022444": "But now let's get going.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00038-00022856-00023616": "As with all TTV transmissions, the new TTV continuously variable transmission offers the PowerZero function.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00039-00023772-00024598": "Here, the tractor is kept at an active standstill after the direction of travel has been preselected, without any intervention on your part.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00040-00024728-00025451": "If you now want to accelerate, this is done in the first range, without any mechanical shifting and always jerk-free.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00041-00025572-00026168": "During the rapid acceleration of the tractor, the rotation speeds of the range clutches converge", "47EkEAHHCEc-00042-00026168-00026472": "until perfect synchronous running is achieved.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00043-00026588-00027042": "Here, the transmission changes to the second gear fully automatically.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00044-00027042-00027600": "As the change takes place within fractions of a second, the driver does not notice this.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00045-00027708-00028148": "In the second range, the entire power flow in the transmission changes.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00046-00028148-00028473": "The tasks of the hydraulic units are exchanged.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00047-00028473-00028834": "The hydraulic motor now works as a hydraulic pump", "47EkEAHHCEc-00048-00028834-00029207": "and the hydraulic pump now works as a hydraulic motor.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00049-00029207-00029681": "This is made possible by the multi-stage planetary gear unit,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00050-00029681-00030420": "which not only splits the power flow into the mechanical and hydraulic areas, but also combines them again afterwards.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00051-00030536-00031353": "Thanks to this innovative design, the new continuously variable TTV transmission offers you the best mix of technology,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00052-00031353-00031952": "so you can do your work even more powerfully, comfortably and efficiently.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00053-00031952-00032363": "For minimum soil compaction and maximum traction,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00054-00032363-00032872": "we have developed the new 7 TTV series with a larger rear tyre diameter.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00055-00032872-00033346": "As with the series 8 TTV, this is now 2.05 m.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00056-00033346-00033733": "In order to offer you a payload of up to 6t,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00057-00033733-00034138": "the gross vehicle weight has also been increased to 15.5 tonnes.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00058-00034428-00034756": "For improved traction, comfort and safety,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00059-00034756-00035291": "intelligent front axle suspension is standard, as are dry disc brakes, depending on the top speed.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00060-00035540-00036088": "Thanks to the 600/65R30 front tyres and a new front axle layout,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00061-00036088-00036455": "the turning circle has been reduced by almost 2 metres.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00062-00036455-00036863": "With a radius of only 5.95 metres,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00063-00036863-00037778": "the new series 7 TTV has therefore become remarkably more manoeuvrable and gives you the opportunity to reduce the headland to a minimum.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00064-00037952-00038445": "The hood of the new series 7 TTV has not only been given a light function,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00065-00038445-00038678": "but also has a steeper sloping design.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00066-00038678-00039206": "In addition, the cab position has been raised to ensure even better visibility.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00067-00039288-00039844": "The DUAL-SPEED front PTO is also available for the front linkage of the new series 7 TTV.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00068-00039844-00040681": "This offers you two speeds and can therefore also be used with the ECO rear PTO speeds, for maximum efficiency in all conditions.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00069-00040772-00041063": "Thanks to the new CleanOil hydraulic system,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00070-00041063-00041700": "the amount of oil that can be removed has been doubled compared to its predecessor to an impressive 90 litres.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00071-00041700-00042294": "And for maximum up-time, the hydraulic oil needs to be changed only every 2000 hours.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00072-00042294-00042762": "Let's take a look at the PTO, the hydraulic system and the rear linkage.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00073-00042762-00043483": "The lifting capacity of 10t was retained and an additional transport position for the lower links was added.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00074-00043483-00044033": "In addition, we have complied with your request for increased pump performance.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00075-00044033-00044314": "Just like for the series 8 TTV,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00076-00044314-00044749": "we now offer you an optional 210 l load-sensing pump.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00077-00044896-00045372": "For maximum versatility, you also have up to eight auxiliary hydraulic valves available -", "47EkEAHHCEc-00078-00045372-00045537": "five of them in the rear.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00079-00045537-00046102": "And the electronically switched rear PTO with its three rotating speeds has now a neutral position", "47EkEAHHCEc-00080-00046102-00046344": "for even more convenient machine attachment.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00081-00046528-00047040": "Of course, the new series 7 TTV is also equipped with the latest generation of ISOBUS.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00082-00047040-00047444": "Thanks to DEUTZ-FAHR's membership of the AEF association,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00083-00047444-00047972": "100% compatibility with all certified ISOBUS implements is guaranteed.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00084-00047972-00048427": "You can find more information about ISOBUS at DEUTZ-FAHR.com.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00085-00048724-00049033": "If you are looking for a powerful front loader tractor,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00086-00049033-00049362": "the new series 7 TTV is ideal for you!", "47EkEAHHCEc-00087-00049362-00050008": "For the first time, we are also offering you the fully integrated front loader preparation in this performance class.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00088-00050008-00050635": "This has been perfectly matched to the tractor together with the Profiline FZ80.1 front loader.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00089-00050635-00051518": "With an overall lift height of over 4.5 m as well as a breakout force of over 3750 decanewtons,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00090-00051518-00051867": "you will be impressed by the power and performance.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00091-00051867-00052547": "Fast loading cycles combined with high comfort are achieved thanks to the 210 l hydraulic system,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00092-00052547-00053076": "the adjustable \"EASY STEER\" quick steering and the adjustable PowerShuttle.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00093-00053504-00053827": "But now let's take a look inside the MaxiVision cab.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00094-00053827-00054620": "Just like on the series 8 TTV, we have made the cab for the new series 7 TTV even more beautiful and ergonomic.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00095-00054620-00055169": "The position of the pneumatic cab suspension has been optimised for best comfort.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00096-00055169-00055891": "The MaxDynamic leather seat now offers, in addition to the active climate system, a 23° swivel adapter.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00097-00055891-00056155": "In addition to the monitor rail,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00098-00056155-00056804": "we have also integrated 2 USB chargers to keep your mobile devices operational throughout the day.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00099-00056804-00057311": "And the air conditioning system offers two additional nozzles and an improved filter system,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00100-00057311-00057650": "for maximum air volume while operating quietly.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00101-00057650-00057999": "Thanks to the latest tracking and telemetry technologies,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00102-00057999-00058415": "you can achieve maximum efficiency and precision on long working days.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00103-00058740-00059252": "Reliable and precise positioning is ensured thanks to the new SR20 receiver,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00104-00059252-00059864": "which receives a wide range of satellite systems, including the new European Galileo satellite system.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00105-00059960-00060464": "In addition, the new modem always switches to the best available local mobile network.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00106-00060464-00060901": "It is also LTE-enabled for the most stable reception.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00107-00061104-00061306": "For maximum driving comfort,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00108-00061306-00061998": "the auto-turn function can be activated which turns the tractor automatically at the headland without manual intervention.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00109-00061998-00062374": "But now, let's take a look inside the MaxiVision cab.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00110-00062374-00063207": "The iMonitor3 is your central operating element and combines various functions such as track guidance or tractor settings.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00111-00063207-00063467": "Up to four cameras can be displayed.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00112-00063467-00064120": "The operation of the optionally available tyre pressure control system is also integrated into the iMonitor.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00113-00064120-00064632": "For best visibility and easy operation, it follows the movement of the armrest.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00114-00064632-00065196": "For enhanced ease of use, you can use the MMI with 3 programmable shortcut keys.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00115-00065196-00065982": "The user interface of the iMonitor has been revised and three individual areas have been added to the main side of the transmission.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00116-00065982-00066464": "Since the iMonitor can display a multitude of functions simultaneously,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00117-00066464-00066737": "there is the possibility to expand the screen.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00118-00066737-00067468": "With XTend, a tablet can be connected to the iMonitor to display track guidance or the ISOBUS Universal Terminal.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00119-00067468-00067836": "Since the tablet is wirelessly connected to the iMonitor,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00120-00067836-00068345": "you can operate it from outside the cab to make adjustments while close to the implement.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00121-00068512-00068925": "Without XTend, the ISOBUS implement is displayed in the iMonitor.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00122-00068925-00069317": "A variety of other standardised ISOBUS functions are available,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00123-00069317-00069927": "such as assigning AUX-N operating functions to different buttons or processing application maps.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00124-00070144-00070350": "In conjunction with section control,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00125-00070350-00070825": "up to 200 sections can be switched on and off fully automatically.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00126-00070825-00071312": "Together with the processing of site-specific data such as an application map,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00127-00071312-00071602": "you can save costs, time and effort.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00128-00071816-00072310": "To make your daily work even easier, the new series 7 TTV is TIM ready.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00129-00072310-00072848": "TIM allows communication between tractor and implement in both directions.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00130-00072848-00073329": "The result: The implement automatically controls certain functions of the tractor.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00131-00073384-00073706": "As the machine can therefore be optimally utilised,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00132-00073706-00074348": "TIM increases the efficiency and quality of the work, while at the same time relieving the driver.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00133-00074384-00074929": "As the accessibility of useful data in everyday life is becoming more and more important,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00134-00074929-00075313": "the new series 7 TTV includes a data package as standard.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00135-00075313-00075847": "Free of charge in the first year, it offers a licence for SDF Fleet Management.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00136-00075847-00076239": "With this, you can receive machine-specific data in real time,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00137-00076239-00076788": "thereby analysing and monitoring the tractor and optimising operations.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00138-00076856-00077352": "It also includes remote access to get immediate support from the dealer if needed.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00139-00077352-00077869": "If you want to exchange data between different endpoints such as iMonitor,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00140-00077869-00078512": "Farm Management Information System and other software programmes, the Agrirouter is the perfect tool for you.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00141-00078512-00079091": "The exchange platform reliably transports the data from the iMonitor to the desired endpoint.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00142-00079091-00079668": "This simplifies your work processes, reduces the time spent in the office and improves efficiency", "47EkEAHHCEc-00143-00079668-00079913": "by leaving more time for other important things.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00144-00079913-00080142": "To make your daily work even easier,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00145-00080142-00080942": "the development of the new series 7 TTV has been focused on the best functionality as well as the lowest maintenance effort.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00146-00080942-00081656": "To ensure that you survive even the longest working days, the fuel tank now holds 505 litres.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00147-00081656-00082173": "With the compressed air outlet integrated in the tank, you can clean the radiators and the cab.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00148-00082173-00082894": "The compressed air gun and hose required for this can be conveniently stored in the additional tool box above the tank.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00149-00083004-00083508": "The air filter installed under the hood has an automatic pre-cleaning system.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00150-00083635-00083932": "Behind it lies the efficient aluminium cooling pack,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00151-00083932-00084265": "which can be opened for cleaning with just a single lever.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00152-00084404-00084811": "And the coolant level can now be conveniently checked from the right side.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00153-00085044-00085568": "In addition to the 2000h oil change intervals of transmission and hydraulic oil,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00154-00085568-00086032": "we have also extended the engine oil change intervals to 1000 hours.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00155-00086076-00086530": "Thanks to this, the maintenance effort and operating costs are reduced.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00156-00086600-00087232": "Furthermore, we have optimised the position of the oil level glasses for an even faster daily maintenance routine.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00157-00087232-00087592": "In addition to the transmission and front PTO,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00158-00087592-00088081": "it is now easy to check the oil level of the CleanOil hydraulic system too.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00159-00088081-00088652": "Below the second tool box is the battery, which is now better protected behind a panel.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00160-00088652-00089143": "For increased convenience, we have integrated a positive battery pole.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00161-00089204-00089737": "To check the fuses, you can use the test function on the circuit board in the cab.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00162-00089828-00090430": "In the rear, the connections have been positioned low so that you can easily hitch up your implements.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00163-00090528-00091362": "Should you couple this to the K80, you will benefit from a drawbar load of 4 tonnes, even at 60 km/h.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00164-00091588-00092138": "Depending on your requirements, the new series 7 TTV can be equipped with a hydraulic,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00165-00092138-00092574": "a pneumatic or a combination of both trailer braking systems.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00166-00092684-00093296": "The hydraulic brake system offers a dual-mode function that allows you to connect new and old trailers.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00167-00093296-00093528": "In addition,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00168-00093528-00094247": "the pneumatic brake system now includes a patented advanced Trailer-Brake Management, or aTBM for short.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00169-00094324-00094911": "For reduced response time, aTBM applies pressure as soon as thrust is detected.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00170-00094911-00095447": "During braking, it also optimises the braking performance of the trailers.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00171-00095504-00096250": "This reduces the braking distance and increases stability during braking, for increased safety and comfort for the driver.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00172-00096250-00096574": "Let's now take a look inside the Maxi-Vision cab.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00173-00096672-00096990": "The new DAB+ radio has a hands-free function.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00174-00096990-00097372": "InfocentrePro gives you quick access to your latest calls,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00175-00097372-00097821": "and Bluetooth lets you play your favourite songs directly from your smartphone.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00176-00097821-00098159": "You will certainly appreciate the divided hand throttle,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00177-00098159-00098898": "with it, you can now easily set the minimum engine speed, while limiting the maximum speed with the Eco Power dial.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00178-00098898-00099206": "For increased safety in fast transport,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00179-00099206-00099575": "an engine brake is available for the new series 7 TTV.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00180-00099575-00100043": "This fully activates the e-viscos fan for optimised deceleration.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00181-00100043-00100561": "A significant gain in safety and comfort, not just in alpine regions.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00182-00100561-00101095": "The 23 LED work lights generate a light output of 50,000 lumens.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00183-00101095-00101452": "This keeps you fully concentrated even late at night.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00184-00101452-00102177": "And thanks to the Coming Home function, you can safely leave the parking spot of your new series 7 TTV.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00185-00102177-00102316": "As you can see,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00186-00102316-00103096": "the new series 7 TTV is a true all-rounder and offers the best technologies for professional farmers and contractors.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00187-00103096-00103921": "As mentioned at the beginning, it is also available in a special heavy duty version for extreme operating conditions.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00188-00103921-00104874": "The new 7250 TTV HD offers you a gross vehicle weight of 16 tonnes and a lifting capacity of 11.1t at the rear.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00189-00104874-00105236": "If you mainly do heavy work with the front loader,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00190-00105236-00105575": "you will also benefit from a reinforced front axle.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00191-00105575-00106017": "And the larger tyres in the front provide even better traction.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00192-00106017-00106645": "With the new series 7 TTV, you always have a comfortable and powerful partner at your side,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00193-00106645-00107274": "which offers you maximum manoeuvrability with a perfect power-to-weight ratio as the 7250 TTV", "47EkEAHHCEc-00194-00107274-00107909": "or maximum payload and increased lifting capacity as the 7250 TTV HD.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00195-00107909-00108259": "Manufactured in DEUTZ-FAHR LAND in Lauingen/Germany,", "47EkEAHHCEc-00196-00108259-00108865": "both combine excellent performance with outstanding quality and innovative German engineering.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00197-00109044-00109597": "For additional information, visit DEUTZ-FAHR.com and contact your local DEUTZ-FAHR dealer", "47EkEAHHCEc-00198-00109597-00109899": "to find out even more and arrange a demonstration.", "47EkEAHHCEc-00199-00109944-00110437": "The new Series 7 TTV, created to stay a step ahead of the rest."}}, {"audio_id": "47LXlWkw1iY", "text": {"47LXlWkw1iY-00000-00003744-00004384": "wdtn channel 2 dayton springfield now begins its broadcast day", "47LXlWkw1iY-00001-00004720-00005784": "from wdtn dayton's nbc this is 2 news first at sunrise", "47LXlWkw1iY-00002-00005856-00006312": "a man is dead after local sheriff's deputies opened fire we will have details on that story", "47LXlWkw1iY-00003-00006312-00006840": "coming up in just a few minutes are they coming to us i don't know oh hi i'm you ty there we are", "47LXlWkw1iY-00004-00006912-00007440": "karen danny i got be careful of that head hey we're out in the parking lot", "47LXlWkw1iY-00005-00007440-00007920": "of wtn let me try that again wt has it i got a tailwind going watch out and we're", "47LXlWkw1iY-00006-00007920-00008280": "celebrating the big switch to nbc look at the folks that showed up already hi guys", "47LXlWkw1iY-00007-00008456-00008840": "we're not only here to say hi they're picking up free stuff today we it's party all morning", "47LXlWkw1iY-00008-00008840-00009256": "long bookers be live at sunrise with ronald mcdonald with a chicken head it's coming up", "47LXlWkw1iY-00009-00009448-00009904": "man that is that is 1 thing he does not need today is a tailwind without outbound", "47LXlWkw1iY-00010-00010016-00010680": "hey historic day here at 2 news first uh dayton's new nbc here in just uh just a few hours here it's", "47LXlWkw1iY-00011-00010680-00011048": "an exciting time good morning i'm dan edwards yes it is and i'm karen schiller what do you what do", "47LXlWkw1iY-00012-00011048-00011472": "you think of the new setback pretty nice look different i mean it's totally different as far", "47LXlWkw1iY-00013-00011472-00011944": "as the lighting goes yes yeah it looks great do we look better i can't i don't know it's the same", "47LXlWkw1iY-00014-00011944-00012536": "old 1 i can still see myself so yeah we haven't changed anything it's glad to see you back on", "47LXlWkw1iY-00015-00012536-00012912": "set with us we've been to a little coffee table for a couple of days it's better about a week i", "47LXlWkw1iY-00016-00012912-00013384": "remember last time we had a new set put in it took like about a week 2 weeks to do it so well anyhow", "47LXlWkw1iY-00017-00013384-00013712": "let's see what the weather's like out there this morning good news for our party in the parking lot", "47LXlWkw1iY-00018-00013776-00014176": "even though we have a little patchy drizzle here and there won't be very much at all cloudy skies", "47LXlWkw1iY-00019-00014176-00014719": "expected this morning mostly dry weather and things all pretty quiet right now on", "47LXlWkw1iY-00020-00014719-00015200": "live doppler 2x want to take a look right now our current weather conditions this morning 64 degrees", "47LXlWkw1iY-00021-00015200-00015632": "we got a wind out of the north at eight miles per hour 96% relative humidity", "47LXlWkw1iY-00022-00015632-00016216": "dew point this morning sitting at 63 and the barometer on the rise at 30.02 here's our forecast", "47LXlWkw1iY-00023-00016216-00016856": "today we'll see those temperatures 63 degrees at 7 o'clock noon reading 68 and at 5 p.m a little", "47LXlWkw1iY-00024-00016856-00017440": "bit on the mild side there as temperatures climb up in the low 70s for later on today 72 at 5 p.m", "47LXlWkw1iY-00025-00017440-00017872": "right now with those news headlines let's go back dan and karen brian thank you very much well new", "47LXlWkw1iY-00026-00017872-00018360": "this morning shots rang out outside a harrison township nightclub sending 1 man to the hospital", "47LXlWkw1iY-00027-00018360-00018864": "mandy sheridan is live outside frogs where it happened with our top story good morning mandy", "47LXlWkw1iY-00028-00018944-00019416": "and karen now detectives are still on the scene of this shooting now it happened here", "47LXlWkw1iY-00029-00019416-00020024": "behind me at frog's bar which is on the other side of this shell station now the victim is", "47LXlWkw1iY-00030-00020024-00020632": "currently in surgery this morning deputies say he was shot in the chest now this was the last", "47LXlWkw1iY-00031-00020632-00021144": "night for frogs to be open at this location and officers say the bar has had trouble in the past", "47LXlWkw1iY-00032-00021144-00021752": "so they had cl crews close by when it's when the shots rang out good morning your new home of nbc", "47LXlWkw1iY-00033-00021752-00022344": "is 5 37. and still much more news to come on sundays first at sunrise but first we want to", "47LXlWkw1iY-00034-00022344-00023072": "check in with jim buker and our destination nbc party danny look at this yeah we're not going", "47LXlWkw1iY-00035-00023072-00023480": "to look at this just to scare people look at all the folks out here in the parking lot that came", "47LXlWkw1iY-00036-00023480-00024280": "to visit today wow hi look we got darla and her dad george showed up darla's a big 2 new sunrise", "47LXlWkw1iY-00037-00024280-00024816": "man you're gonna be 13. she'll be 13 next week oh my gosh i'm going to be 13 next week oh yeah", "47LXlWkw1iY-00038-00024872-00025240": "i got a birthday next week but we're not going to get into the age of it but at any rate we're", "47LXlWkw1iY-00039-00025240-00025680": "having a ball out here come see us between now and 7 you folks going to help us count down to nbc", "47LXlWkw1iY-00040-00025752-00026783": "all right hookers be live at sunrise is coming up with darla with darla carla's here", "47LXlWkw1iY-00041-00027480-00028183": "so", "47LXlWkw1iY-00042-00028280-00028888": "all right we are really excited this morning beginning this morning we will be the proud", "47LXlWkw1iY-00043-00028888-00029800": "new home for nbc will the countdown there it is it's on 1 hour right 9 minutes and 53 seconds", "47LXlWkw1iY-00044-00029800-00030368": "yeah we've been staring at that clock in the newsroom for the last month or 2 and it's finally", "47LXlWkw1iY-00045-00030368-00030856": "here and we are excited about it so much so we're throwing a party yes we are coming up at 7 o'clock", "47LXlWkw1iY-00046-00030856-00031376": "the today show will come on right here on channel 2 for the very first time but until then you need", "47LXlWkw1iY-00047-00031376-00031968": "to get down here jim buker is live in our parking lot it's called the destination nbc party and you", "47LXlWkw1iY-00048-00031968-00032408": "are pumping it up out there buc we can hear you karen you know what's going to be fun about at", "47LXlWkw1iY-00049-00032408-00033040": "7 o'clock we could take that clock down for 6 months no i'm kidding in that neat it's really", "47LXlWkw1iY-00050-00033040-00033416": "a fun event look at all the folks that showed up today ronnie can we show all these wave guys", "47LXlWkw1iY-00051-00033696-00034088": "and all kinds of folks now who's old enough to hey hold it down over there", "47LXlWkw1iY-00052-00034088-00034400": "who's old enough to remember uh now you guys aren't because you're in high school", "47LXlWkw1iY-00053-00034400-00035080": "who's old enough to remember the old wlwt days nbc affiliate way back when well now we're back to nbc", "47LXlWkw1iY-00054-00035080-00035512": "and today we're handing out morris home furnishing gift cards we got rona wanna get", "47LXlWkw1iY-00055-00035512-00035832": "over here we got ronald mcdonald with the new chicken select meals what do you got a million", "47LXlWkw1iY-00056-00035832-00036432": "of those things what do you got millions what peacock select meals no chicken selections i'm", "47LXlWkw1iY-00057-00036432-00036968": "sorry goodness bowling passes we have gelato ice cream from young's jersey dairy oh you like that", "47LXlWkw1iY-00058-00037032-00037536": "oh wait you can't eat that because you gotta eat this you have your own i'm sorry that's good stuff", "47LXlWkw1iY-00059-00037536-00037912": "and look at all the folks wait where's the gentleman that was where is he where hold on", "47LXlWkw1iY-00060-00037912-00038360": "we got all kind we said no wait a minute we're good morning hello how are you thanks for coming", "47LXlWkw1iY-00061-00038360-00038928": "by the the gentleman that did the first color broadcast here where'd he go where is he look", "47LXlWkw1iY-00062-00038928-00039560": "i lost him okay he's gone but he was here at channel 2 in 1964 when we put on the first", "47LXlWkw1iY-00063-00039560-00039912": "color broadcast oh my goodness i wasn't alive then so i don't know anything about that yeah", "47LXlWkw1iY-00064-00040016-00040432": "and then quickly the west carrollton high school bands here doctor you guys won an award you got", "47LXlWkw1iY-00065-00040432-00040984": "a big award a high award of excellence look at that absolutely let's hear it for our own west", "47LXlWkw1iY-00066-00040984-00041384": "carrollton high school but marching band and you guys are going to play for us this morning yes we", "47LXlWkw1iY-00067-00041384-00041920": "are all right and we'll get some chicago for you chicago and the nbc chimes absolutely they worked", "47LXlWkw1iY-00068-00041920-00042256": "on that too okay we're going to have more from the parking lot danny karen you guys are coming", "47LXlWkw1iY-00069-00042256-00042760": "out here too should we let byron out here should byron come out too yeah all right we'll let barn", "47LXlWkw1iY-00070-00042760-00043176": "right now let's send it back to the studio we'll be here again until 7 o'clock come see us all", "47LXlWkw1iY-00071-00043176-00043640": "right well you can be a piece of history today that's right and so many giveaways too you don't", "47LXlWkw1iY-00072-00043640-00044080": "want to miss out on all the free stuff all right i hope to see you down here in the parking lot 45.95", "47LXlWkw1iY-00073-00044080-00044536": "southwestern glad to have you did you see the new nbc thing in there i saw that saw the preparation", "47LXlWkw1iY-00074-00044648-00045440": "the cake get the cake we forgot the cake oh my gosh we got a countdown out loud champagne in", "47LXlWkw1iY-00075-00045440-00046104": "the studio too yes wait a minute 1 more word greg yes yes all right we got what 30 seconds", "47LXlWkw1iY-00076-00046200-00046656": "coming up quick we got 30 seconds to get the cake on from the fine folks at walmart", "47LXlWkw1iY-00077-00046656-00047384": "hurry hurry hurry hurry hurry get it look at that thank you folks at walmart", "47LXlWkw1iY-00078-00047384-00048752": "beautiful okay 15 seconds you guys ready for a 10 second countdown 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 welcome nbc", "47LXlWkw1iY-00079-00049088-00049760": "uh sometimes you have to do the hard thing in life and you can't worry about being popular i mean", "47LXlWkw1iY-00080-00049816-00050392": "i don't view my job as a popularity contest president george w bush an exclusive interview", "47LXlWkw1iY-00081-00050392-00051016": "as the republican national convention opens in new york city today monday august 30th 2004.", "47LXlWkw1iY-00082-00051176-00051984": "from nbc news this is a special edition of today with katie couric and matt lauer"}}, {"audio_id": "47XwRB__6Io", "text": {"47XwRB__6Io-00000-00000000-00000700": "meeting with me. Our code of conduct monitor will be Alice", "47XwRB__6Io-00001-00000700-00001328": "Prael and our tech liaison is Nancy Adams. So some reminders,", "47XwRB__6Io-00002-00001328-00001652": "the session is governed by our code of conduct, which you can", "47XwRB__6Io-00003-00001692-00002168": "find here at this link, and also the community agreement. So we", "47XwRB__6Io-00004-00002168-00002484": "have one person speaking at a time. Remember that everyone has", "47XwRB__6Io-00005-00002484-00002776": "something to contribute. We're aiming for equitable", "47XwRB__6Io-00006-00002776-00003136": "participation, and please feel comfortable participating even if", "47XwRB__6Io-00007-00003136-00003456": "you're unsure about terminology, especially in this kind of", "47XwRB__6Io-00008-00003456-00003876": "session, we're here for anything you need. Be aware and consider", "47XwRB__6Io-00009-00003876-00004156": "of time, embrace curiosity and acknowledge the difference", "47XwRB__6Io-00010-00004156-00004684": "between impact and intent. So instructions for the session,", "47XwRB__6Io-00011-00004744-00005148": "they're not too complicated. Ask a question. These can be", "47XwRB__6Io-00012-00005148-00005484": "questions related to workflows, policies, things that you're", "47XwRB__6Io-00013-00005484-00005724": "struggling with, or something you'd like community advice or", "47XwRB__6Io-00014-00005724-00006372": "guidance about. You can submit questions using this form. And", "47XwRB__6Io-00015-00006372-00006595": "it can be anonymous, you don't have to drop your name, but you", "47XwRB__6Io-00016-00006595-00006856": "can if you'd like to. And I think we'll probably get this", "47XwRB__6Io-00017-00006856-00007444": "dropped in the chat as well. You'll see in the form that we", "47XwRB__6Io-00018-00007444-00007776": "will be sorting the questions based on progressive stacking,", "47XwRB__6Io-00019-00007792-00008023": "the progressive stack is a method for giving marginalized", "47XwRB__6Io-00020-00008023-00008388": "groups a greater chance to speak. This identification will", "47XwRB__6Io-00021-00008388-00008684": "not be in public view and any information collected will be", "47XwRB__6Io-00022-00008684-00009316": "deleted after the event. All of these submitted questions will", "47XwRB__6Io-00023-00009316-00009632": "be viewable at this link and I'll share it to the screen once", "47XwRB__6Io-00024-00009632-00009920": "I'm done with the slides. And we'll drop that in the chat as", "47XwRB__6Io-00025-00009920-00010452": "well. And you can answer any question you want using this", "47XwRB__6Io-00026-00010452-00010792": "form that we'll have linked here. And you can also enter", "47XwRB__6Io-00027-00010792-00011396": "answers into the Zoom chat and Joe will field that for us. And", "47XwRB__6Io-00028-00011396-00011740": "so just a summary, ask your question, the questions will be", "47XwRB__6Io-00029-00011740-00012284": "displayed on screen and feel free to answer a question. That's", "47XwRB__6Io-00030-00012284-00014560": "it. So let me switch over. Stop sharing. One second. Sorry, I", "47XwRB__6Io-00031-00014560-00015108": "have to get out of these slides. There we go. Okay. Zoom is not", "47XwRB__6Io-00032-00015108-00015644": "letting me. There we go. Okay. So we'll get started. And we", "47XwRB__6Io-00033-00015644-00015947": "actually already have some questions ready to go, which is", "47XwRB__6Io-00034-00015960-00016376": "awesome. farrell, do you want me to start with one? Or do you", "47XwRB__6Io-00035-00016376-00016508": "want to do the first one?", "47XwRB__6Io-00036-00016624-00017320": "Um, I can go ahead and do the first one. Sure. First one, if", "47XwRB__6Io-00037-00017320-00017940": "we can navigate. What advice do you all have for an organization", "47XwRB__6Io-00038-00017940-00018340": "that is just starting to use BitCurator? Tips, resources,", "47XwRB__6Io-00039-00018344-00018528": "things you wish you knew when we started?", "47XwRB__6Io-00040-00018988-00019320": "Few seconds for folks to start answering that one.", "47XwRB__6Io-00041-00019736-00019984": "You need to refresh because on my screen, I'm seeing at least", "47XwRB__6Io-00042-00019984-00020112": "one answer for this one.", "47XwRB__6Io-00043-00020112-00020616": "Yeah. So, oh, can I speak up a little? Yes, I can try and speak", "47XwRB__6Io-00044-00020616-00020748": "up a little. Is that any better?", "47XwRB__6Io-00045-00021184-00021256": "It was for me.", "47XwRB__6Io-00046-00021352-00021780": "Okay, sorry about that. Okay, so we do have one answer to start.", "47XwRB__6Io-00047-00021840-00022176": "Starting the conversation early with your IT department will be", "47XwRB__6Io-00048-00022176-00022428": "helpful, particularly in determining what support they", "47XwRB__6Io-00049-00022428-00022792": "may or may not offer Linux endpoints. So if you want to", "47XwRB__6Io-00050-00022792-00023132": "determine what support they may or may not offer Linux endpoints", "47XwRB__6Io-00051-00023188-00023464": "and what steps it might take to move collection materials from", "47XwRB__6Io-00052-00023464-00023876": "the BitCurator, whether it's a VM or to long term storage,", "47XwRB__6Io-00053-00023876-00024124": "because different IT departments have different, this is my", "47XwRB__6Io-00054-00024124-00024436": "answer, so I have a little more context on it. Different IT", "47XwRB__6Io-00055-00024436-00024688": "departments have different levels of support and rules", "47XwRB__6Io-00056-00024688-00025936": "and different types of operating system endpoints. Don't see any", "47XwRB__6Io-00057-00025936-00026224": "others on this one yet, so we can move on to the next one.", "47XwRB__6Io-00058-00026356-00026700": "Yeah, sounds good. And I'll try to keep refreshing the screen as", "47XwRB__6Io-00059-00026700-00027195": "we go through. But again, please feel free to pop into the chat", "47XwRB__6Io-00060-00027195-00027656": "if you have an answer. Okay, this one got pushed to the top,", "47XwRB__6Io-00061-00027656-00028060": "so I'm going to go to this one next. What disk imaging software", "47XwRB__6Io-00062-00028060-00028572": "would you use to image optical disks on a Mac? And we have a", "47XwRB__6Io-00063-00028572-00028880": "couple of answers to this question from Kayla. So thank", "47XwRB__6Io-00064-00028880-00029356": "you, Kayla. First one is for command line, I use CDRDAO, DD", "47XwRB__6Io-00065-00029356-00029827": "rescue for GUI, Roxio Toast or built in disk utility imaged as", "47XwRB__6Io-00066-00029827-00030327": "a CD master. And we have another answer saying yes to ddrescue", "47XwRB__6Io-00067-00030327-00030724": "for creating ISO files from optical media, but we do not", "47XwRB__6Io-00068-00030724-00031232": "attempt to image all optical media. I would love to know why", "47XwRB__6Io-00069-00031236-00031508": "you don't attempt to image all optical media, or do you just", "47XwRB__6Io-00070-00031508-00031672": "pull files instead of imaging?", "47XwRB__6Io-00071-00032039-00032224": "We have to talk. Is that how this works?", "47XwRB__6Io-00072-00032288-00032332": "Sure.", "47XwRB__6Io-00073-00032376-00032884": "Yeah, because some can't be and you know, like using CDRDAO,", "47XwRB__6Io-00074-00032884-00033516": "like, you know, we pull WAV files from audio CD, some CD,", "47XwRB__6Io-00075-00033520-00034000": "some optical media will just, you know, pull the files off and", "47XwRB__6Io-00076-00034032-00034240": "put them in a TAR file.", "47XwRB__6Io-00077-00034404-00034812": "Yes, we have sort of specific guidelines for when to image", "47XwRB__6Io-00078-00034816-00034896": "optical media.", "47XwRB__6Io-00079-00035164-00035264": "Awesome. Thank you.", "47XwRB__6Io-00080-00035264-00035588": "I'll do one more refresh just in case. But yeah, I think we're", "47XwRB__6Io-00081-00035588-00035776": "good on that one. Thank you.", "47XwRB__6Io-00082-00036412-00037660": "All right. Moving on to the next one. Having worked in a variety", "47XwRB__6Io-00083-00037660-00037992": "of settings now, I've found that, quote, accessioning as", "47XwRB__6Io-00084-00037992-00038380": "processing and quote workflows are sometimes unrealistic. When", "47XwRB__6Io-00085-00038380-00038640": "it comes to careful and responsible stewardship of born", "47XwRB__6Io-00086-00038640-00038972": "digital materials. At a previous job, I clashed with a curator", "47XwRB__6Io-00087-00038972-00039196": "and accessioning archivist about this. I'm forced to", "47XwRB__6Io-00088-00039196-00039508": "reinterpret the process of accession. Why not just call it", "47XwRB__6Io-00089-00039508-00039792": "what it is, it's processing. This is setting us up for", "47XwRB__6Io-00090-00039792-00040144": "failure and leading to unkept promises and burnout. Where do", "47XwRB__6Io-00091-00040144-00040456": "folks draw the line between these two things? What are the", "47XwRB__6Io-00092-00040456-00040780": "two things? Where do folks draw the line between these two", "47XwRB__6Io-00093-00040780-00040932": "related but different workflows?", "47XwRB__6Io-00094-00042520-00042772": "Not seeing any answers to this one yet.", "47XwRB__6Io-00095-00042772-00043104": "Why don't we move on and if folks have answers to this, we", "47XwRB__6Io-00096-00043104-00043332": "can return to it later in the session.", "47XwRB__6Io-00097-00043564-00043668": "Yeah, that sounds good.", "47XwRB__6Io-00098-00044204-00044408": "Hi, everyone. Hi, this is", "47XwRB__6Io-00099-00044716-00045220": "Hello, sorry. Okay, so we'll come back to that if we see any", "47XwRB__6Io-00100-00045220-00045468": "answers pop up. Next question.", "47XwRB__6Io-00101-00045468-00045776": "Yeah, I think we might have had something to share. I'm not sure", "47XwRB__6Io-00102-00045776-00046032": "what happened there. We are you are muted. I'm not sure if you", "47XwRB__6Io-00103-00046032-00046224": "had an answer to share this question.", "47XwRB__6Io-00104-00046364-00046836": "And I did sorry for barging in like this. I joined late. So I", "47XwRB__6Io-00105-00046836-00047120": "don't know exactly what the what you've discussed as the as the", "47XwRB__6Io-00106-00047120-00047496": "right process for answering questions. And so I go on to", "47XwRB__6Io-00107-00047496-00047780": "air table and answer it or do we answer them live or in the", "47XwRB__6Io-00108-00047780-00047892": "chat? What's the best way?", "47XwRB__6Io-00109-00047892-00048156": "So air table is great. The link should be in the chat. But you", "47XwRB__6Io-00110-00048156-00048452": "can also if you have an answer, feel free to raise your hand and", "47XwRB__6Io-00111-00048456-00048656": "yeah, go ahead and let us know.", "47XwRB__6Io-00112-00048732-00049032": "Okay. Can they provide an answer for this one?", "47XwRB__6Io-00113-00049164-00049264": "Absolutely.", "47XwRB__6Io-00114-00049296-00049748": "Excellent. So this is a very good question. And yesterday when", "47XwRB__6Io-00115-00049748-00050180": "Emma and I presented our workflows, this was an area that", "47XwRB__6Io-00116-00050180-00050480": "we didn't get the chance to answer. So I'm not sure if we", "47XwRB__6Io-00117-00050480-00050904": "presented our workflows. This was an area that we didn't get", "47XwRB__6Io-00118-00050904-00051384": "the chance to talk about a lot. But it was certainly one of these", "47XwRB__6Io-00119-00051384-00051676": "aspects of our archival forensics workflow that we had", "47XwRB__6Io-00120-00051676-00052248": "to think long and hard because of exactly what you know is", "47XwRB__6Io-00121-00052248-00052784": "being asked here. And there was a misunderstanding from I guess", "47XwRB__6Io-00122-00052784-00053296": "the institution and possibly our managers that accessioning", "47XwRB__6Io-00123-00053296-00053712": "digital stuff was the same as forensically processing them.", "47XwRB__6Io-00124-00053948-00055012": "So what we did was use the workflow and I guess formulated", "47XwRB__6Io-00125-00055012-00055624": "in such a way and qualified by making it a public workflow so", "47XwRB__6Io-00126-00055624-00056204": "that there is a very clear understanding and a very clear", "47XwRB__6Io-00127-00056204-00056852": "explanation across everyone. And making it public meant that, and", "47XwRB__6Io-00128-00056855-00057076": "I guess not just making the workflow public, but also", "47XwRB__6Io-00129-00057076-00057544": "disseminating it meant that there was extra leverage if you", "47XwRB__6Io-00130-00057544-00058172": "want, in terms of establishing and reinforcing the, you know,", "47XwRB__6Io-00131-00058172-00058684": "the differences between the two things. Essentially what we've", "47XwRB__6Io-00132-00058684-00059104": "done by joining the archival forensics workflow with our", "47XwRB__6Io-00133-00059104-00059552": "with our broader digital archiving workflow was to make a", "47XwRB__6Io-00134-00059552-00060000": "very clear case that at the point of accessioning, what", "47XwRB__6Io-00135-00060000-00060616": "we're going to do is in most cases create a forensic image of", "47XwRB__6Io-00136-00060620-00061224": "digital stuff, especially when it came to storage media. And", "47XwRB__6Io-00137-00061224-00061696": "the rest of it was not part of accessioning, but it was a", "47XwRB__6Io-00138-00061696-00062128": "process of appraisal. So once we've accessioned it, and", "47XwRB__6Io-00139-00062179-00062600": "potentially created an image file, we can then revisit it at", "47XwRB__6Io-00140-00062600-00063148": "a later point in that archival forensics workflow and do the", "47XwRB__6Io-00141-00063148-00063800": "processing. And so far so good. We've been running with this for", "47XwRB__6Io-00142-00063800-00064491": "the past six, seven months. And there's only been one challenge", "47XwRB__6Io-00143-00064491-00065236": "from some of our senior colleagues. And having that very", "47XwRB__6Io-00144-00065236-00065724": "public declaration of what we mean with what sort of clarifies", "47XwRB__6Io-00145-00065724-00065992": "it, you know, as I said, it provides a point where we can go", "47XwRB__6Io-00146-00065992-00066380": "and say, look, this is what we're doing. You might want us", "47XwRB__6Io-00147-00066380-00066736": "to go and do all the processing and all the analysis, and so on,", "47XwRB__6Io-00148-00066736-00067132": "but we don't have the time, and we don't have the resources. So", "47XwRB__6Io-00149-00067132-00067832": "that might be a solution. Thanks so much, Leo. I see a couple of", "47XwRB__6Io-00150-00067832-00068304": "hands raised. I think Emily had their hand up first. So we'll", "47XwRB__6Io-00151-00068304-00068796": "start there. Go ahead, Emily. Thank you. So I think a lot about", "47XwRB__6Io-00152-00068796-00068956": "this, what the difference between accessioning and", "47XwRB__6Io-00153-00068956-00069416": "processing is for born digital collections. And I'm part of the", "47XwRB__6Io-00154-00069456-00069720": "best practices for accessioning group that's coming up with a", "47XwRB__6Io-00155-00069720-00070064": "list of recommendations for best practices for accessioning of", "47XwRB__6Io-00156-00070064-00070532": "born digital materials. But basically, I think that this is", "47XwRB__6Io-00157-00070532-00071040": "going to vary a lot across institutions. But for me, the", "47XwRB__6Io-00158-00071040-00071568": "goals of accessioning are to establish like secure custody of", "47XwRB__6Io-00159-00071568-00071928": "the materials and address any immediate areas of concern that", "47XwRB__6Io-00160-00071928-00072236": "are going to pose a threat to the materials or the storage", "47XwRB__6Io-00161-00072236-00072652": "environment, and that may get worse over time. So that really,", "47XwRB__6Io-00162-00072652-00073476": "for me, includes virus scanning, making sure to look at media", "47XwRB__6Io-00163-00073476-00073836": "carriers that may be degrading and that may, that a copy may", "47XwRB__6Io-00164-00073840-00074352": "need to be made immediately, as well as identifying file", "47XwRB__6Io-00165-00074352-00075148": "formats, just to kind of get at what the kind of most threatening", "47XwRB__6Io-00166-00075160-00075484": "issues may be for a collection. And then in terms of like", "47XwRB__6Io-00167-00075484-00075788": "actually doing analysis and scanning for certain types of", "47XwRB__6Io-00168-00075788-00076060": "information that typically happens at the processing level.", "47XwRB__6Io-00169-00076140-00076512": "But it's kind of different also with different collections. Some", "47XwRB__6Io-00170-00076512-00076796": "of our collections are going to get item level processing and", "47XwRB__6Io-00171-00076796-00077396": "be put onto our Islandora repository. So that kind of", "47XwRB__6Io-00172-00077396-00077676": "metadata creation and item level processing is also part of the", "47XwRB__6Io-00173-00077676-00078028": "processing workflow and not accessioning. So I hope that's", "47XwRB__6Io-00174-00078032-00078156": "at least a little bit helpful.", "47XwRB__6Io-00175-00078156-00078444": "Yeah, thank you so much, Emily. And we've got actually lots of", "47XwRB__6Io-00176-00078444-00078760": "answers and hands raised. So this is great. Tori, you are up", "47XwRB__6Io-00177-00078760-00078912": "next, I think, and then Alice.", "47XwRB__6Io-00178-00080408-00081036": "Sorry, had to get a sip of water there. So my institution's", "47XwRB__6Io-00179-00081036-00081480": "aligns kind of fuzzy between accessioning and processing.", "47XwRB__6Io-00180-00081732-00082276": "For born digital, what generally happens is more like two rounds", "47XwRB__6Io-00181-00082288-00082728": "accessioning, like, since most of the born digital that we get", "47XwRB__6Io-00182-00082728-00083228": "comes in as part of a hybrid collection, what usually happens", "47XwRB__6Io-00183-00083232-00083432": "is there'll be a note in the accession record that there's", "47XwRB__6Io-00184-00083432-00083816": "born digital, I'll get a heads up from whoever brought in the", "47XwRB__6Io-00185-00083816-00084632": "collection, or whoever's accessioning it, and then later", "47XwRB__6Io-00186-00084632-00084732": "depend...", "47XwRB__6Io-00187-00085596-00085832": "Well, I think we might have lost Tori there.", "47XwRB__6Io-00188-00085836-00086104": "Oh, no, I got muted.", "47XwRB__6Io-00189-00086136-00086372": "Oh, okay, you're good to go. Sorry about that.", "47XwRB__6Io-00190-00086372-00087048": "Okay, cool. No worries. So then later, we'll do a more born", "47XwRB__6Io-00191-00087048-00087412": "digital specific workflow that involves inventorying any", "47XwRB__6Io-00192-00087412-00088164": "physical media, retrieving the files, checking for PII or", "47XwRB__6Io-00193-00088164-00088472": "viruses, and then moving to a processing staging area. So", "47XwRB__6Io-00194-00088472-00088956": "really, at that point, unless there's something really glaring,", "47XwRB__6Io-00195-00088956-00089376": "like a blank disk, or something commercially available that we", "47XwRB__6Io-00196-00089376-00089760": "don't collect, or something like that, appraisal isn't really", "47XwRB__6Io-00197-00089760-00090784": "happening. It's basically just getting them to a point where", "47XwRB__6Io-00198-00090788-00091576": "they are ready to be reviewed with like that, that's the", "47XwRB__6Io-00199-00091576-00092008": "appraisal and processing mindset. However, sometimes this", "47XwRB__6Io-00200-00092008-00092452": "happens during processing, if it's a backlog collection, but", "47XwRB__6Io-00201-00092452-00092924": "that is generally how it worked out with stuff coming in. I've", "47XwRB__6Io-00202-00092924-00093228": "also done accessioning as processing workflows in the", "47XwRB__6Io-00203-00093228-00094196": "past. That's where I think my line would be if I had a", "47XwRB__6Io-00204-00094196-00095024": "collection, if, yeah, it's really, they're really related.", "47XwRB__6Io-00205-00095024-00095772": "It's just, I think my line would be processing is, you're trying", "47XwRB__6Io-00206-00095772-00096212": "to get detailed enough intellectual control for", "47XwRB__6Io-00207-00096212-00096692": "researchers to use it. And it's not just, here is a minimally", "47XwRB__6Io-00208-00096692-00097244": "derived, unprocessed collection. Good luck. Like if", "47XwRB__6Io-00209-00097244-00097884": "you're expecting, if you have a kind of intellectual control", "47XwRB__6Io-00210-00097884-00098420": "where you can use it, and you've made those kinds of, here's how", "47XwRB__6Io-00211-00098420-00099000": "these things relate to other things, here is a detailed", "47XwRB__6Io-00212-00099000-00099912": "what's in here. We might come back to it and officially for", "47XwRB__6Io-00213-00099912-00100516": "real process it, but it's unlikely. I think that's where I", "47XwRB__6Io-00214-00100516-00100948": "would call it more processing. Accessioning, I think is just", "47XwRB__6Io-00215-00101140-00101512": "getting it to the point where, at least in my context, it's", "47XwRB__6Io-00216-00101512-00101900": "getting it to the point where you don't need me to look at", "47XwRB__6Io-00217-00101900-00102644": "the files. So any of the other archivists can work with those", "47XwRB__6Io-00218-00102644-00103283": "files, describe what's in them, arrange them as needed. And", "47XwRB__6Io-00219-00103283-00103508": "there's not going to be any kind of like weird technical,", "47XwRB__6Io-00220-00103511-00103748": "there's not going to be many hopefully weird technical", "47XwRB__6Io-00221-00103748-00104320": "issues or anything like that, or things that need to come off", "47XwRB__6Io-00222-00104320-00104956": "the drive. Awesome. Thank you so much, Tori. And I think this", "47XwRB__6Io-00223-00104956-00105300": "will be our last one from Alice. And we have tons of answers in", "47XwRB__6Io-00224-00105300-00105716": "the air table. So please feel free to go look at those after", "47XwRB__6Io-00225-00105716-00106020": "our session. They'll still be there. Go ahead, Alice. Thanks.", "47XwRB__6Io-00226-00106120-00106664": "Thanks. Yeah, this is a great question and a lot of great", "47XwRB__6Io-00227-00106664-00107104": "answers. So I'll keep this brief. But we also created a", "47XwRB__6Io-00228-00107104-00107476": "public definition of what accessioning was. And that", "47XwRB__6Io-00229-00107476-00107904": "aligned with how our staffing model worked at the time, which", "47XwRB__6Io-00230-00107904-00108228": "was having staff create some minimal description and then", "47XwRB__6Io-00231-00108228-00108635": "send it to our accessioning service for disk imaging, file", "47XwRB__6Io-00232-00108635-00109020": "transfer, some minimal stabilization information", "47XwRB__6Io-00233-00109020-00109483": "gathering tasks. And so I think having that public definition", "47XwRB__6Io-00234-00109483-00109864": "helped. But part of that definition was also acknowledging", "47XwRB__6Io-00235-00109864-00110548": "how in born digital accessioning sort of is off, has to be mixed", "47XwRB__6Io-00236-00110548-00110956": "in with other tasks, like preservation, like moving things", "47XwRB__6Io-00237-00110956-00111300": "to some kind of preservation storage, so that it can be", "47XwRB__6Io-00238-00111300-00111700": "circled back appraisal. It's really outside of our current", "47XwRB__6Io-00239-00111700-00112128": "model to accession things and then appraise them. But with", "47XwRB__6Io-00240-00112128-00112459": "born digital, you kind of have to often in order to capture the", "47XwRB__6Io-00241-00112459-00112804": "files and then view them off of you can't have the donor", "47XwRB__6Io-00242-00112804-00113732": "plugging in a floppy drive. So yeah, that mixing of what has", "47XwRB__6Io-00243-00113732-00114192": "traditionally been sort of separate tasks, and just", "47XwRB__6Io-00244-00114192-00114588": "acknowledging that this is has to be really collaborative, and", "47XwRB__6Io-00245-00114644-00114956": "that there's so much overlap, I think has been helpful.", "47XwRB__6Io-00246-00114956-00115848": "So thank you so much, Alice. All right, we'll move on to our next", "47XwRB__6Io-00247-00115848-00115872": "one.", "47XwRB__6Io-00248-00116276-00116356": "Yeah, I think it", "47XwRB__6Io-00249-00116608-00117172": "Okay, long term ape storage, what are folks using deep", "47XwRB__6Io-00250-00117172-00117572": "storage with AWS Glacier, Preservica, local server, etc.", "47XwRB__6Io-00251-00117656-00117904": "How has the process been creating a workflow to put the", "47XwRB__6Io-00252-00117904-00118335": "completed apes into designated storage location? You have a", "47XwRB__6Io-00253-00118340-00118704": "couple of answers for this one. One organization is currently", "47XwRB__6Io-00254-00118704-00119032": "using an AWS setup with Archive Medica as the preservation", "47XwRB__6Io-00255-00119032-00119308": "software with planned distribution storage in our", "47XwRB__6Io-00256-00119308-00119548": "distributed digital preservation repository, which", "47XwRB__6Io-00257-00119548-00119964": "is using both AWS and Wasabi as another solution for cloud", "47XwRB__6Io-00258-00119964-00120320": "storage, as well as local data storage. Our workflows are still", "47XwRB__6Io-00259-00120320-00120580": "in progress, but we have been working on implementing levels", "47XwRB__6Io-00260-00120580-00120824": "of preservation and levels of preservation storage that will", "47XwRB__6Io-00261-00120824-00121124": "eventually send materials to different types of storage based", "47XwRB__6Io-00262-00121124-00121456": "on machine actionable metadata that aligns with the levels", "47XwRB__6Io-00263-00121456-00121911": "determinations. Still working on dissemination access packages", "47XwRB__6Io-00264-00121911-00122240": "for born-digital materials, however. And another group is", "47XwRB__6Io-00265-00122240-00122552": "using offline storage of LTO tapes with a vendor called", "47XwRB__6Io-00266-00122552-00122916": "Digital Bedrock for artwork data. They write our data to", "47XwRB__6Io-00267-00122916-00123252": "three tapes stored in different locations, creating the workflow", "47XwRB__6Io-00268-00123252-00123632": "was time consuming, but worth the effort. This was from and", "47XwRB__6Io-00269-00123632-00123816": "helped understand the files in the collection better. And this", "47XwRB__6Io-00270-00123816-00124004": "was from the Metropolitan Museum of Art.", "47XwRB__6Io-00271-00124268-00124559": "Giving folks another moment to respond to that one.", "47XwRB__6Io-00272-00125388-00125711": "Say for our part, we've we've used both LTO tape and are now", "47XwRB__6Io-00273-00125711-00126056": "using Azure as our cloud storage provider. But I think there's a", "47XwRB__6Io-00274-00126056-00127200": "variety of options there. All right, maybe moving. Oh, and one", "47XwRB__6Io-00275-00127200-00127920": "more answer. See, we've got sorry, I'm just loading it here", "47XwRB__6Io-00276-00127924-00128368": "one copy on site on disk monitor by locally developed application", "47XwRB__6Io-00277-00128383-00128724": "backup to tape via campus IT a copy pushed to APT that's", "47XwRB__6Io-00278-00128724-00129052": "academic preservation trust, I think, with more digital content", "47XwRB__6Io-00279-00129052-00129376": "in S3 and those digitized content with deep pleasure. We", "47XwRB__6Io-00280-00129376-00129680": "lost a ton of data two summers ago, and it was all restored", "47XwRB__6Io-00281-00129680-00130140": "from APT successfully. Their institution Archivematica plus", "47XwRB__6Io-00282-00130140-00130408": "DuraCloud with the Ontario Library Research Cloud as the", "47XwRB__6Io-00283-00130408-00130808": "storage back end is used by many in Ontario, which link there.", "47XwRB__6Io-00284-00130932-00131124": "We are still developing our workflows but are planning to", "47XwRB__6Io-00285-00131124-00131404": "use the new vault distributed server preservation storage", "47XwRB__6Io-00286-00131404-00132580": "offered by Internet Archive. So again, a variety of options, I", "47XwRB__6Io-00287-00132580-00132796": "think we can probably move on.", "47XwRB__6Io-00288-00133252-00133680": "All right. Next question is anyone taking the type of", "47XwRB__6Io-00289-00133680-00134020": "automatically generated metadata from tools like data accession", "47XwRB__6Io-00290-00134020-00134408": "or droid or others and transforming it for access purposes,", "47XwRB__6Io-00291-00134412-00134748": "like take the XML metadata that data accession or makes and use", "47XwRB__6Io-00292-00134748-00135280": "it to populate fields in a dance for public online access. This is", "47XwRB__6Io-00293-00135280-00135656": "from Kate. Thanks so much, Kate. I would love to make more use", "47XwRB__6Io-00294-00135660-00135944": "of technical metadata that we pull from image and audio", "47XwRB__6Io-00295-00135944-00136152": "visual files for access purposes, but I can't say that", "47XwRB__6Io-00296-00136152-00136612": "we do that yet. The next answer says I have a tool that extracts", "47XwRB__6Io-00297-00136612-00136868": "file properties from a directory to a spreadsheet and we've been", "47XwRB__6Io-00298-00136868-00137248": "using that as item file lists attached to description, not", "47XwRB__6Io-00299-00137248-00137540": "populating fields, but I imagine you could with a Python script", "47XwRB__6Io-00300-00137544-00137888": "or something. I'm going to refresh this to see if we've got", "47XwRB__6Io-00301-00137888-00138292": "any more. Yep. Not exactly like your example, but I have", "47XwRB__6Io-00302-00138292-00138584": "developed a tool to take file system metadata, file names,", "47XwRB__6Io-00303-00138584-00138924": "paths, file sizes and generate EAD for the two levels of a", "47XwRB__6Io-00304-00138924-00139224": "directory with a link to GitHub. That sounds great. Can't wait to", "47XwRB__6Io-00305-00139224-00140072": "look at that. I have done this myself, actually. We are now", "47XwRB__6Io-00306-00140072-00140464": "using Libsave for our digital preservation and they make it", "47XwRB__6Io-00307-00140464-00140896": "really easy to do this to pull, especially from like an Excel", "47XwRB__6Io-00308-00140896-00141456": "file or something, fields into metadata and it's been fantastic.", "47XwRB__6Io-00309-00141456-00141780": "Oh, we have another answer. Let's see. We've got, yes, we use", "47XwRB__6Io-00310-00141780-00142088": "Droid to create a manifest of files open for research. We make", "47XwRB__6Io-00311-00142088-00142356": "some changes to make it a bit easier to digest and then link", "47XwRB__6Io-00312-00142356-00142572": "it to the collection for download by users as a", "47XwRB__6Io-00313-00142572-00143060": "spreadsheet. I create a tree report into a text file and have", "47XwRB__6Io-00314-00143060-00143212": "shared that as an inventory.", "47XwRB__6Io-00315-00143212-00143680": "Let's see if we've got any more. Just mine. Thanks for adding", "47XwRB__6Io-00316-00143680-00144364": "that. And Lauren dropped something in the chat. I've been", "47XwRB__6Io-00317-00144364-00144664": "hacking away a bit at this transform with other folks at", "47XwRB__6Io-00318-00144664-00144996": "UVA. Need some updating. It's for Droid. I'm going to add", "47XwRB__6Io-00319-00144996-00145846": "that to my", "47XwRB__6Io-00320-00145846-00147644": "Droid. That's awesome. Cool. Might give it a second for any", "47XwRB__6Io-00321-00147644-00148572": "other answers, but I think we can probably move on. All right.", "47XwRB__6Io-00322-00148572-00148872": "Great. Thanks, everybody.", "47XwRB__6Io-00323-00149972-00150372": "What is your process to extract files for access from disk", "47XwRB__6Io-00324-00150372-00150772": "images? Say a disk image of a computer drive.", "47XwRB__6Io-00325-00150772-00151272": "I have several answers already. Starting with, it would probably", "47XwRB__6Io-00326-00151272-00151672": "depend on what file systems are present on the disk. I'd want to", "47XwRB__6Io-00327-00151672-00151972": "get a sense of that first before determining how to extract", "47XwRB__6Io-00328-00151972-00152472": "files. Second answer is, other than using bit curator disk", "47XwRB__6Io-00329-00152472-00152872": "image accesses program, I will simply mount a copy of the raw", "47XwRB__6Io-00330-00152872-00153272": "image in an operating system and copy off the files. And the", "47XwRB__6Io-00331-00153272-00153772": "third answer, sometimes we'll read only mount the image for", "47XwRB__6Io-00332-00153772-00154172": "access. We'll mount and copy your rsync files. We'll also", "47XwRB__6Io-00333-00154172-00154572": "carve files from the image with SleuthKit or HFS Explorer, but", "47XwRB__6Io-00334-00154572-00155372": "that's more of a processing step than an access step. Someone", "47XwRB__6Io-00335-00155372-00155672": "dropped a GitHub link to the Canadian Center for Architecture's", "47XwRB__6Io-00336-00155672-00156172": "Disk Image Processor, which does some stuff, including Brunnhilde,", "47XwRB__6Io-00337-00156172-00156472": "and I think it uses the SleuthKit and maybe others to", "47XwRB__6Io-00338-00156472-00157472": "carve materials from disk images.", "47XwRB__6Io-00339-00157472-00158472": "Are there any others? See anything there?", "47XwRB__6Io-00340-00158472-00159572": "Nothing else in chat at the moment. So perhaps we can move on.", "47XwRB__6Io-00341-00159572-00159972": "All right. Next question. Can anyone provide an example of", "47XwRB__6Io-00342-00159972-00160272": "any articles, blogs, or anything else that talks about", "47XwRB__6Io-00343-00160272-00160572": "processing approach for a collection containing born digital", "47XwRB__6Io-00344-00160572-00160872": "archival materials that were created using non-English", "47XwRB__6Io-00345-00160872-00161272": "software systems, but processed by a US, Canada, or other", "47XwRB__6Io-00346-00161272-00161672": "English-based institution? I'm having a hard time finding", "47XwRB__6Io-00347-00161672-00162272": "concrete examples. Our first answer says Elvia Arroyo-Ramirez", "47XwRB__6Io-00348-00162272-00162672": "discusses character encoding in this fabulous Medium article", "47XwRB__6Io-00349-00162672-00163272": "that I have referred to many times, so highly recommend.", "47XwRB__6Io-00350-00163272-00164272": "Thanks for that answer. And duplicated.", "47XwRB__6Io-00351-00164272-00165272": "Lots of people love Elvia's article on this. It's great.", "47XwRB__6Io-00352-00165272-00166672": "I'll give it a minute just in case we have any other answers come in.", "47XwRB__6Io-00353-00166672-00167172": "Okay. I think we can probably move on. Don't see anything else", "47XwRB__6Io-00354-00167172-00168372": "in the chat.", "47XwRB__6Io-00355-00168372-00168772": "Multiple windows here. Is a right-blocker necessary component", "47XwRB__6Io-00356-00168772-00169172": "for working with digital materials? I'm having a hard time", "47XwRB__6Io-00357-00169172-00169672": "convincing my boss to invest in one. Are there ways to preserve", "47XwRB__6Io-00358-00169672-00170172": "authenticity besides using a right-blocker? Several answers on this one already.", "47XwRB__6Io-00359-00170172-00170472": "Starting with, there are changes you can make to device-mounting", "47XwRB__6Io-00360-00170472-00170772": "behaviors at the operating system level, although my understanding", "47XwRB__6Io-00361-00170772-00171272": "is that these aren't foolproof. Another answer, some types of media", "47XwRB__6Io-00362-00171272-00171672": "can also be directly right-blocked, so it may be less of an issue", "47XwRB__6Io-00363-00171672-00172072": "if you're processing 3.5-inch floppy disks or read-only optical media.", "47XwRB__6Io-00364-00172072-00172472": "You could try USB right-blocker all as software to right-block", "47XwRB__6Io-00365-00172472-00172872": "your USB ports, but I'm not sure how effective the tool is.", "47XwRB__6Io-00366-00172872-00173272": "Third answer, a right-blocker makes them more error-proof unless", "47XwRB__6Io-00367-00173272-00173672": "your boss thinks you're infallible. They should support having one", "47XwRB__6Io-00368-00173672-00174072": "so things are safer. You can establish a fixity value on the original media", "47XwRB__6Io-00369-00174072-00174572": "and a copy location in order to make sure things haven't changed,", "47XwRB__6Io-00370-00174572-00174872": "but just hooking a writable drive to a computer can change it in ways", "47XwRB__6Io-00371-00174872-00175272": "that aren't easily visible. I would argue it is essential because otherwise", "47XwRB__6Io-00372-00175272-00175672": "you're depending on a perfect use of attaching external media read-only", "47XwRB__6Io-00373-00175672-00176072": "every single time. Finally, I would say this piece of equipment is", "47XwRB__6Io-00374-00176072-00176472": "unfortunately a baseline necessity if you want to ensure that you are", "47XwRB__6Io-00375-00176472-00176872": "not modifying data on accessioned materials like hard drives.", "47XwRB__6Io-00376-00176872-00177172": "Maybe there's a way you could make an argument by comparing to paper", "47XwRB__6Io-00377-00177172-00177572": "materials. In other words, an archive would take measures to prevent them", "47XwRB__6Io-00378-00177572-00178372": "from being changed. Yeah, I don't see any others at the moment,", "47XwRB__6Io-00379-00178372-00178872": "but I think the consensus is that, unfortunately, it is kind of the best", "47XwRB__6Io-00380-00178872-00180072": "way to ensure that things are not changed or modified.", "47XwRB__6Io-00381-00180072-00180972": "Seeing anything in chat or refreshing?", "47XwRB__6Io-00382-00180972-00181372": "Do you want to highlight something more in work mentioned in the chat", "47XwRB__6Io-00383-00181372-00181772": "about the last question about languages, thinking this might be a good space", "47XwRB__6Io-00384-00181772-00182072": "to maybe look toward international groups like IPRES or international", "47XwRB__6Io-00385-00182072-00182372": "archives communities that may have done additional research? I think that's a", "47XwRB__6Io-00386-00182372-00183172": "great suggestion and we should capture that in our knowledge base.", "47XwRB__6Io-00387-00183172-00183872": "More refresh and I think we can move on. Yep.", "47XwRB__6Io-00388-00183872-00184172": "Yeah, I just wanted to highlight a really great comment in chat from Emily", "47XwRB__6Io-00389-00184172-00184772": "that if you do use a USB write blocker, please test it. Don't assume it works", "47XwRB__6Io-00390-00184772-00185372": "and sounds like there's a story behind that one.", "47XwRB__6Io-00391-00185372-00186172": "Always good to test your equipment.", "47XwRB__6Io-00392-00186172-00186572": "How do folks approach the discovery of PII embedded in visual images, for", "47XwRB__6Io-00393-00186572-00187072": "example, a JPEG depicting someone's credit card, anyone using any OCR and", "47XwRB__6Io-00394-00187072-00189772": "NLP tools?", "47XwRB__6Io-00395-00189772-00190172": "I think this is a nice tie back to the presentation yesterday about using", "47XwRB__6Io-00396-00190172-00190672": "BulkExtractor for a consistent review and I think there was some discussion", "47XwRB__6Io-00397-00190672-00191172": "of you're not going to catch every single thing using the tools that are", "47XwRB__6Io-00398-00191172-00191572": "available to us and there may be strategies to address this overall, but", "47XwRB__6Io-00399-00191572-00192172": "some of what we're doing is proving that we've put things through a rigorous", "47XwRB__6Io-00400-00192172-00192772": "process and understanding that nothing is 100%.", "47XwRB__6Io-00401-00192772-00193072": "Yeah, I think that's a great point and I've had conversations with folks", "47XwRB__6Io-00402-00193072-00193672": "about how we really don't do this for paper records or not to the extent", "47XwRB__6Io-00403-00193672-00194172": "that tools like BulkExtractor can help us with and things slip through the", "47XwRB__6Io-00404-00194172-00194772": "cracks so I think having realistic expectations about being able to find", "47XwRB__6Io-00405-00194772-00195172": "something will go a long way and being clear about that in your documentation", "47XwRB__6Io-00406-00195172-00195572": "is really helpful.", "47XwRB__6Io-00407-00195572-00195772": "Great, we have some answers.", "47XwRB__6Io-00408-00195772-00196172": "Well, one's just saying they love this question.", "47XwRB__6Io-00409-00196172-00196472": "This makes me wonder what Android and iPhones do.", "47XwRB__6Io-00410-00196472-00196772": "I've searched my own personal records for credit card or ID to find photos.", "47XwRB__6Io-00411-00196772-00197072": "I've taken of these things and have found them that way.", "47XwRB__6Io-00412-00197072-00197872": "Yeah, actually Google Drive will do that too with Google Photos, I should say.", "47XwRB__6Io-00413-00197872-00198172": "Yeah, and then the question there is whether they're, so they're clearly", "47XwRB__6Io-00414-00198172-00198472": "they're understanding based on the image data, but are they then writing", "47XwRB__6Io-00415-00198472-00198872": "that metadata into the EXIF for the photograph or doing some other way of", "47XwRB__6Io-00416-00198872-00200372": "working that would be interesting to know.", "47XwRB__6Io-00417-00200372-00200472": "All right.", "47XwRB__6Io-00418-00200472-00200872": "Oh, oh, adding some answers from live.", "47XwRB__6Io-00419-00200872-00200972": "Okay.", "47XwRB__6Io-00420-00200972-00201472": "Let's see, not an answer sorry but we've been thinking of a mechanism for", "47XwRB__6Io-00421-00201472-00201872": "researchers to report when they come across PII information for physical", "47XwRB__6Io-00422-00201872-00202072": "material and digital.", "47XwRB__6Io-00423-00202072-00202572": "And actually I should, this reminds me, we actually do this here at Princeton", "47XwRB__6Io-00424-00202572-00203372": "we have a little bubble that pops up in our finding aids that we have folks", "47XwRB__6Io-00425-00203372-00203872": "use for any kind of general answers, but there is also a function of that", "47XwRB__6Io-00426-00203872-00204272": "tool that is specifically for reporting when they find something that they", "47XwRB__6Io-00427-00204272-00204772": "weren't supposed to see.", "47XwRB__6Io-00428-00204772-00205371": "So that's a great suggestion.", "47XwRB__6Io-00429-00205371-00205571": "Okay.", "47XwRB__6Io-00430-00205571-00206871": "I think that we are done with this one so I'll move to the next.", "47XwRB__6Io-00431-00206871-00207371": "When reviewing and processing digital records on a non networked computer,", "47XwRB__6Io-00432-00207371-00207771": "how do you then get them onto the network or a network to go to storage?", "47XwRB__6Io-00433-00207771-00208371": "Wouldn't more copying introduce more opportunities, opportunities for errors?", "47XwRB__6Io-00434-00208371-00208771": "There are several answers to this one.", "47XwRB__6Io-00435-00208771-00209371": "Hi, we use rsync dash a, is for archive mode or rsync RLTV which is", "47XwRB__6Io-00436-00209371-00209771": "recursive copy links timestamps and verbose.", "47XwRB__6Io-00437-00209771-00210071": "rsync is a command line tool but the BitCurator also comes with grsync", "47XwRB__6Io-00438-00210071-00210571": "installed which is the GUI for transferring files and allows you to have", "47XwRB__6Io-00439-00210571-00210871": "options like preserve timestamps.", "47XwRB__6Io-00440-00210871-00211171": "Another answer would be creating a document fixity and then checking and", "47XwRB__6Io-00441-00211171-00211671": "verifying it after each copy action would hedge against this vulnerability.", "47XwRB__6Io-00442-00211671-00212071": "I would, I would make sure I capture fixed the information at each step to", "47XwRB__6Io-00443-00212071-00212571": "ensure no step along the way introduces errors.", "47XwRB__6Io-00444-00212571-00212971": "Third answer or fourth answer the same principles apply, check the fixity", "47XwRB__6Io-00445-00212971-00213371": "values on either side of a copy to make sure that nothing changed.", "47XwRB__6Io-00446-00213371-00213771": "Using a structure like bag it can help easily check the fixity values and the", "47XwRB__6Io-00447-00213771-00214171": "file inventory to make sure everything copied over correctly.", "47XwRB__6Io-00448-00214171-00214671": "We process records on a FRED, forensic recovery of evidence device machine,", "47XwRB__6Io-00449-00214671-00215371": "and then use a hard drive to sneak or net it over to an ingest workstation.", "47XwRB__6Io-00450-00215371-00215971": "Very high tech answer here we manually plug and unplug an ethernet cable.", "47XwRB__6Io-00451-00215971-00216271": "And this gears away from your question because it is a network solution but", "47XwRB__6Io-00452-00216271-00216671": "for folks who primarily acquire digital records via network transfers, I", "47XwRB__6Io-00453-00216671-00216971": "thought it helpful to add that we move files from box drive to BitCurator", "47XwRB__6Io-00454-00216971-00217371": "using grsync and also set up a shared folder between the BitCurator", "47XwRB__6Io-00455-00217371-00217771": "environment and our networked environment.", "47XwRB__6Io-00456-00217771-00218371": "So, I think a consensus around fixity whether that is the bag it or another", "47XwRB__6Io-00457-00218371-00218571": "method.", "47XwRB__6Io-00458-00218571-00219071": "rsync is a good tool with kind of error checking built in.", "47XwRB__6Io-00459-00219071-00219371": "We use TeraCopy to transfer it does fixity checking as it goes it also has a", "47XwRB__6Io-00460-00219371-00220471": "verify function.", "47XwRB__6Io-00461-00220471-00221371": "Is there anything else, believe we can move on in that case.", "47XwRB__6Io-00462-00221371-00221871": "Great, I think I've seen one pop up to the top.", "47XwRB__6Io-00463-00221871-00222171": "So I'm going to hop over to that one.", "47XwRB__6Io-00464-00222171-00222671": "Is there a way to integrate the use of SharePoint, SharePoint storage option", "47XwRB__6Io-00465-00222671-00223171": "provided by IT department and fedora archives preferred long term storage", "47XwRB__6Io-00466-00223171-00223371": "option.", "47XwRB__6Io-00467-00223371-00223771": "For example, for Fedora offers the archives more control over the management", "47XwRB__6Io-00468-00223771-00224271": "of the digital files in its custody.", "47XwRB__6Io-00469-00224271-00224771": "Every time a question comes up about SharePoint I sigh for people.", "47XwRB__6Io-00470-00224771-00225471": "Not fun to work with.", "47XwRB__6Io-00471-00225471-00227771": "So, I think that's a good way to do it.", "47XwRB__6Io-00472-00227771-00228171": "I can't think of a way without having a point in between those two.", "47XwRB__6Io-00473-00228171-00228471": "I can't think of a way without having a point in between those two.", "47XwRB__6Io-00474-00228471-00228571": "Is there a way to do that?", "47XwRB__6Io-00475-00228571-00228671": "Is there a way to do it?", "47XwRB__6Io-00476-00228671-00228871": "I don't know if there's a kind of a way to do it.", "47XwRB__6Io-00477-00228871-00229171": "I don't know if there's a kind of a way in which those two systems can be", "47XwRB__6Io-00478-00229171-00229371": "connected.", "47XwRB__6Io-00479-00229371-00229871": "Kind of manual intervention.", "47XwRB__6Io-00480-00229871-00230271": "I'm not familiar with any way to do that myself either.", "47XwRB__6Io-00481-00230271-00230671": "And I'm not seeing any answers come in.", "47XwRB__6Io-00482-00230671-00230871": "Although Elvia says SharePoint isn't that bad.", "47XwRB__6Io-00483-00230871-00231488": "Well, hopefully at some point somebody will have some kind of answer to this, but I think", "47XwRB__6Io-00484-00231488-00231892": "it might just be that there's not really an easy way to do this.", "47XwRB__6Io-00485-00231892-00232452": "So I think we can move on to the next one.", "47XwRB__6Io-00486-00232452-00233004": "All right.", "47XwRB__6Io-00487-00233004-00233576": "When and how do you decide to deaccession and dispose of magnetic and born digital media?", "47XwRB__6Io-00488-00233576-00233964": "That's from Michael Gates. Thank you for that question.", "47XwRB__6Io-00489-00233964-00234176": "A couple answers already.", "47XwRB__6Io-00490-00234176-00234676": "After we appraise, process, and deposit extracted files into our preservation repository, we", "47XwRB__6Io-00491-00234676-00234936": "make a decision on the storage media.", "47XwRB__6Io-00492-00234936-00235323": "Our default is to deaccession the media, but we review to decide if there is artifactual", "47XwRB__6Io-00493-00235323-00235448": "value.", "47XwRB__6Io-00494-00235448-00235912": "If we decide to deaccession, we document the reasoning and then the curator and director", "47XwRB__6Io-00495-00235912-00236392": "sign off on the deaccession and action to take, destroy, return to the donor, or offer", "47XwRB__6Io-00496-00236392-00236688": "to another organization.", "47XwRB__6Io-00497-00236688-00237088": "Second answer, we have a policy that in general we do not retain original media once the files", "47XwRB__6Io-00498-00237088-00237188": "have been processed.", "47XwRB__6Io-00499-00237188-00237676": "Realistically, processing doesn't always happen very quickly, so we try to dispose of it sooner,", "47XwRB__6Io-00500-00237676-00237869": "maybe a few months after ingest.", "47XwRB__6Io-00501-00237869-00238360": "We make multiple backups of what we do ingest, so we generally feel comfortable with that.", "47XwRB__6Io-00502-00238360-00238776": "We have a log to track when files were ingested and the status of the original media.", "47XwRB__6Io-00503-00238776-00239292": "Of course, there could be exceptions depending on the exact nature of the accession, where", "47XwRB__6Io-00504-00239292-00239760": "we might retain it longer or permanently, but as a rule, we do discard.", "47XwRB__6Io-00505-00239760-00240148": "And third, waiting until we start running out of physical storage space, but for now", "47XwRB__6Io-00506-00240148-00240364": "we keep them as an emergency backup.", "47XwRB__6Io-00507-00240364-00241332": "I will plus one that last one for me.", "47XwRB__6Io-00508-00241332-00241680": "Seeing anything on the refresh?", "47XwRB__6Io-00509-00241680-00243376": "All right, I think we can move on.", "47XwRB__6Io-00510-00243376-00243682": "I think we actually have a follow-up question from Alice.", "47XwRB__6Io-00511-00243682-00244036": "How do you advocate for deaccessioning and disposal?", "47XwRB__6Io-00512-00244036-00244340": "Should we be, or is it fine to wait for space to run out?", "47XwRB__6Io-00513-00244340-00244540": "That's a good question, Alice.", "47XwRB__6Io-00514-00244540-00244748": "That's a really good question.", "47XwRB__6Io-00515-00244748-00246316": "My department is deaccessioning, so we don't have to really convince anyone.", "47XwRB__6Io-00516-00246316-00246800": "We generally dispose of media carriers after processing for collections where ingest isn't", "47XwRB__6Io-00517-00246800-00246900": "an option.", "47XwRB__6Io-00518-00246900-00247828": "But we will still dispose since we maintain multiple copies of files.", "47XwRB__6Io-00519-00247828-00248116": "There's some follow-ups to Alice in the chat.", "47XwRB__6Io-00520-00248116-00248596": "Haven't really gotten much pushback, someone says get rid of it, otherwise you'll forget", "47XwRB__6Io-00521-00248596-00248696": "that it's done.", "47XwRB__6Io-00522-00248696-00248919": "Throwing things away is the best part.", "47XwRB__6Io-00523-00248919-00249476": "Emily, that's a great statement from my green.", "47XwRB__6Io-00524-00249476-00249760": "Making sure that language in the donor agreement is important.", "47XwRB__6Io-00525-00249760-00250060": "Sometimes that's easy to overlook.", "47XwRB__6Io-00526-00250060-00252088": "I think we can move on.", "47XwRB__6Io-00527-00252088-00252496": "How do you approach preserving the original order of digital files collected on physical", "47XwRB__6Io-00528-00252496-00252871": "carriers when arranging and describing?", "47XwRB__6Io-00529-00252871-00253364": "Do you tend to arrange files where that original order might be important into apes that correspond", "47XwRB__6Io-00530-00253364-00253908": "with the original carriers, or prefer an intellectual arrangement that divides files in a more content-based", "47XwRB__6Io-00531-00253908-00254228": "way and store the original order in some other way?", "47XwRB__6Io-00532-00254228-00254336": "This is from Brock.", "47XwRB__6Io-00533-00254336-00254488": "Thank you so much for this question.", "47XwRB__6Io-00534-00254488-00254888": "We've got some good answers happening here.", "47XwRB__6Io-00535-00254888-00255471": "I fear too often we try and arrange born digital collections and it can break interdependent", "47XwRB__6Io-00536-00255471-00255571": "files.", "47XwRB__6Io-00537-00255571-00255932": "I prefer to keep everything in the original structure and have the archivists arrange", "47XwRB__6Io-00538-00255932-00256236": "virtually through finding aids.", "47XwRB__6Io-00539-00256236-00256764": "Next answer, we export files from media objects or their disk images into directories with", "47XwRB__6Io-00540-00256764-00257369": "the unique ID that we apply to each object so all the files from an object stay together.", "47XwRB__6Io-00541-00257369-00257744": "We then package everything into an ape for the collection or accession when there are", "47XwRB__6Io-00542-00257744-00258504": "accruals over time.", "47XwRB__6Io-00543-00258504-00258936": "Next answer, we use a directory that corresponds to each media carrier, then copy the files", "47XwRB__6Io-00544-00258936-00259176": "as is.", "47XwRB__6Io-00545-00259176-00259458": "We keep the files in original order in an ape.", "47XwRB__6Io-00546-00259458-00259830": "They may be described in multiple locations and finding aid, though, which addresses the", "47XwRB__6Io-00547-00259830-00260164": "intellectual arrangement.", "47XwRB__6Io-00548-00260164-00260584": "This one says it has more to do with our DAMS and its UI than anything else.", "47XwRB__6Io-00549-00260584-00261148": "We can serve individual files as objects, apes, or serve files as components of a multi-file", "47XwRB__6Io-00550-00261148-00261488": "AIP with object and component-level metadata.", "47XwRB__6Io-00551-00261488-00261912": "Everything's full-text searchable, but search results are object-level and users need to", "47XwRB__6Io-00552-00261912-00262236": "click through all the components to find the one they want.", "47XwRB__6Io-00553-00262236-00262740": "For situations where a disk doesn't have many files, we treat the entire thing as one ape", "47XwRB__6Io-00554-00262740-00263148": "and transcribe any labels, annotations, and the metadata.", "47XwRB__6Io-00555-00263148-00263600": "If it's a large or complex arrangement of files, we treat each file as an ape to avoid", "47XwRB__6Io-00556-00263600-00264008": "creating giant objects that would make it harder to find specific files and include", "47XwRB__6Io-00557-00264008-00264604": "the original disk ID, annotations, and directory tree parent folder in the metadata to document", "47XwRB__6Io-00558-00264604-00264984": "the original order and keep files together.", "47XwRB__6Io-00559-00264984-00265400": "And finally, I try to envision whether the creator arranged the files across various", "47XwRB__6Io-00560-00265400-00265752": "carriers with an order in mind or out of necessity.", "47XwRB__6Io-00561-00265752-00266172": "We also tend to keep the carriers together as one SIP unless they are very large and", "47XwRB__6Io-00562-00266172-00266312": "we need to divide them.", "47XwRB__6Io-00563-00266312-00266872": "This is so that DIPs we provide to researchers are manageable in terms of download size.", "47XwRB__6Io-00564-00266872-00267608": "Those are some very thorough answers and some really great advice.", "47XwRB__6Io-00565-00267608-00267984": "Just kind of checking the chat.", "47XwRB__6Io-00566-00267984-00269732": "Seems like most of this is still going off about disposal.", "47XwRB__6Io-00567-00269732-00270172": "Not seeing anything else, I don't think.", "47XwRB__6Io-00568-00270172-00270324": "I think this was very thoroughly answered.", "47XwRB__6Io-00569-00270324-00270460": "Thank you so much, everybody.", "47XwRB__6Io-00570-00270460-00271324": "Great question.", "47XwRB__6Io-00571-00271324-00271932": "As a new BitCurator user, one thing I have noticed in testing is that Brunnhilde reports", "47XwRB__6Io-00572-00271932-00272532": "run on the carved disk image file, which often have changed file create and modified dates.", "47XwRB__6Io-00573-00272532-00272840": "In this case, working with FAT floppy disk images.", "47XwRB__6Io-00574-00272840-00273328": "Do you tend to run these reports on mounted images and further down the line, copy files", "47XwRB__6Io-00575-00273328-00273808": "from mounted images to better preserve this information, or do you rely on the metadata", "47XwRB__6Io-00576-00273808-00274332": "captured by file lock in DFXML records to store this sort of information and worry less", "47XwRB__6Io-00577-00274332-00274588": "about the file itself retaining it?", "47XwRB__6Io-00578-00274588-00275248": "As I understand it, this data retention problem has to do with TSK recovers function.", "47XwRB__6Io-00579-00275248-00275964": "One answer thus far, does TSK recover, which that's part of the sleuth kit in other parts", "47XwRB__6Io-00580-00275964-00276084": "of this conversation.", "47XwRB__6Io-00581-00276084-00276364": "Does TSK recover bring over file system metadata?", "47XwRB__6Io-00582-00276364-00276730": "I didn't think it was intended to do that, which is to say, I wouldn't see it so much", "47XwRB__6Io-00583-00276730-00277928": "as a problem with TSK recover, but just the way that it is designed to work.", "47XwRB__6Io-00584-00277928-00278316": "That has been my experience as well, TSK, you know, fiwalk kind of relies on the", "47XwRB__6Io-00585-00278316-00278880": "sleuth kit in other, you know, to run in some of its ways, and so I kind of view them as", "47XwRB__6Io-00586-00278880-00279456": "kind of modular tools, you know, operating under some of the same things.", "47XwRB__6Io-00587-00279456-00280616": "So fiwalk is documenting things so that TSK recover doesn't have to, sort of.", "47XwRB__6Io-00588-00280616-00281072": "Another answer here, rely on fiwalk, the disk image processor will apply last modified", "47XwRB__6Io-00589-00281072-00281572": "dates from DFXML to carved files, this is another plug for the Canadian Center for Architecture's", "47XwRB__6Io-00590-00281572-00283436": "disk image processor tool, which I have tested in the past and it is a fun one to run with.", "47XwRB__6Io-00591-00283436-00283928": "Don't see anything else at the moment.", "47XwRB__6Io-00592-00283928-00284912": "And I don't see anything else in chat, so maybe one more refresh.", "47XwRB__6Io-00593-00284912-00285616": "All right, can move on.", "47XwRB__6Io-00594-00285616-00286080": "If you're setting up a digital processing workstation, which computer or operating system", "47XwRB__6Io-00595-00286080-00286492": "do you find the best to run a big curator environment, or which ones are best for digital", "47XwRB__6Io-00596-00286492-00286848": "processing in general?", "47XwRB__6Io-00597-00286848-00287216": "First answer, I prefer Linux, but it's because I'm most familiar with it and find that its", "47XwRB__6Io-00598-00287216-00287592": "tools are best for what I do, handling squirrely stuff.", "47XwRB__6Io-00599-00287592-00288016": "That said, there is one Windows tool I find indispensable, and my primary work computer", "47XwRB__6Io-00600-00288016-00288312": "is a Mac.", "47XwRB__6Io-00601-00288312-00289476": "I would say that mirrors my exact setup, too.", "47XwRB__6Io-00602-00289476-00289928": "For the person who answered this question, if you wouldn't mind sharing what the indispensable", "47XwRB__6Io-00603-00289928-00290388": "Windows tool is, I would love to know that.", "47XwRB__6Io-00604-00290388-00290488": "That was me.", "47XwRB__6Io-00605-00290488-00290688": "Can you hear me?", "47XwRB__6Io-00606-00290688-00290788": "Yes.", "47XwRB__6Io-00607-00290788-00290888": "Okay.", "47XwRB__6Io-00608-00290888-00291788": "I find ISO Buster kind of like the break glass in case of emergency Windows program, but", "47XwRB__6Io-00609-00291788-00292528": "I didn't want to sound like I was promoting them too much.", "47XwRB__6Io-00610-00292528-00293580": "No, I agree.", "47XwRB__6Io-00611-00293580-00295396": "Plus one to ISO Buster, a few, and TreeSize Pro, reasons to have Windows available.", "47XwRB__6Io-00612-00295396-00295896": "Some agreement in chat.", "47XwRB__6Io-00613-00295896-00297264": "Okay, I'll give it just another second, but I think we've got this one covered.", "47XwRB__6Io-00614-00297264-00298076": "Ah, I use a dual boot machine with Windows and Linux BitCurator installed.", "47XwRB__6Io-00615-00298076-00298276": "Cool.", "47XwRB__6Io-00616-00298276-00298916": "Thanks, everybody.", "47XwRB__6Io-00617-00298916-00299684": "Yeah, all right.", "47XwRB__6Io-00618-00299684-00299784": "Where?", "47XwRB__6Io-00619-00299784-00299952": "Oh, yes.", "47XwRB__6Io-00620-00299952-00300540": "Can anyone point me toward resources or chime in with your experience regarding preserving", "47XwRB__6Io-00621-00300540-00300932": "the data from iPods and iPhones?", "47XwRB__6Io-00622-00300932-00301452": "One answer here, there's a book chapter on preserving data off an iPhone from the ALA", "47XwRB__6Io-00623-00301452-00302244": "store, Digital Preservation Libraries Preparing a Sustainable Future.", "47XwRB__6Io-00624-00302244-00303508": "I went to a product demo several years ago from Magnet Forensics, which definitely is", "47XwRB__6Io-00625-00303508-00304276": "a legal slash law enforcement tool set, but they have a lot of functionality around ripping", "47XwRB__6Io-00626-00304276-00305612": "smartphones.", "47XwRB__6Io-00627-00305612-00305896": "See anything else here?", "47XwRB__6Io-00628-00305896-00306696": "And Elise, before we move on, I think a question was missed, or maybe it came in via progressive", "47XwRB__6Io-00629-00306696-00306796": "stack.", "47XwRB__6Io-00630-00306796-00306896": "Oh, cool.", "47XwRB__6Io-00631-00306896-00307196": "Yeah, we can pop up to that.", "47XwRB__6Io-00632-00307196-00307464": "There is an answer in the chat.", "47XwRB__6Io-00633-00307464-00308052": "Oh, a lot of tools for archiving iPhones and such are pretty invasive, needs a developer", "47XwRB__6Io-00634-00308052-00308152": "mode, right?", "47XwRB__6Io-00635-00308152-00308612": "Yeah, or I can see like you need to jailbreak the thing.", "47XwRB__6Io-00636-00308612-00309744": "Oh, I see this one.", "47XwRB__6Io-00637-00309744-00309844": "Okay.", "47XwRB__6Io-00638-00309844-00309944": "Thanks for pointing that out.", "47XwRB__6Io-00639-00309944-00310092": "I missed that.", "47XwRB__6Io-00640-00310092-00310192": "Okay.", "47XwRB__6Io-00641-00310192-00310668": "How are people providing access to digital material that is reading room or on site access", "47XwRB__6Io-00642-00310668-00310792": "only?", "47XwRB__6Io-00643-00310792-00311276": "When do you create your access files on demand or during processing?", "47XwRB__6Io-00644-00311276-00311412": "We have an answer here.", "47XwRB__6Io-00645-00311412-00312028": "We have a lockdown laptop, no internet connection, no USB ports work except one that our external", "47XwRB__6Io-00646-00312028-00312508": "hard drive with materials on it, physical port blockers, et cetera.", "47XwRB__6Io-00647-00312508-00312914": "I create access files during processing and have them stored and ready to go.", "47XwRB__6Io-00648-00312914-00313372": "We put them on the access external hard drive based on what disks the patrons request to", "47XwRB__6Io-00649-00313372-00313864": "see instead of the entire collection at once due to space and time constraints.", "47XwRB__6Io-00650-00313864-00316712": "We're trying to come up with a better way at the moment.", "47XwRB__6Io-00651-00316712-00317080": "While we're waiting for any other answers, I'll share that we have a virtual reading", "47XwRB__6Io-00652-00317080-00317940": "room that we use both for people actually coming in if they want to, but it functions", "47XwRB__6Io-00653-00317940-00318532": "so that folks don't have to come to our physical reading room, but it mimics the mediated experience", "47XwRB__6Io-00654-00318532-00319072": "of coming to the physical location to access materials.", "47XwRB__6Io-00655-00319072-00319604": "And there's a lot of documentation about that out in the world.", "47XwRB__6Io-00656-00319604-00320064": "We're still getting some answers about the iPhones and iPods in the chat in case people", "47XwRB__6Io-00657-00320064-00320364": "are curious about that.", "47XwRB__6Io-00658-00320364-00320664": "There we go.", "47XwRB__6Io-00659-00320664-00320764": "Another answer.", "47XwRB__6Io-00660-00320764-00321232": "We have a lockdown, no USB ports turned on, no internet access, Windows laptop that patrons", "47XwRB__6Io-00661-00321232-00321496": "can use in the reading room, no virtual reading room.", "47XwRB__6Io-00662-00321496-00321928": "We create access files on demand so I can talk to the researcher about potential normalization", "47XwRB__6Io-00663-00321928-00323124": "or migration issues.", "47XwRB__6Io-00664-00323124-00323448": "Currently creating access files on demand and pushing to a reading room laptop that's", "47XwRB__6Io-00665-00323448-00323944": "locked down, but I can remotely push files to when it's plugged into the ethernet.", "47XwRB__6Io-00666-00323944-00325264": "That's cool.", "47XwRB__6Io-00667-00325264-00325940": "Not seeing anything coming up in chat, give this one one more minute.", "47XwRB__6Io-00668-00325940-00326748": "Ah, there we go, a bunch came in, great.", "47XwRB__6Io-00669-00326748-00327176": "We use a virtual reading room and allow mediated offsite access, but for files where that isn't", "47XwRB__6Io-00670-00327176-00327476": "an option, we have a lockdown desktop in the reading room.", "47XwRB__6Io-00671-00327476-00327828": "Access copies are created at the end of processing.", "47XwRB__6Io-00672-00327828-00328284": "We also have a non-networked laptop for onsite and we have a virtual reading room researchers", "47XwRB__6Io-00673-00328284-00328772": "can access through desktop virtualization of a remote server.", "47XwRB__6Io-00674-00328772-00329136": "And last answer, we have a dedicated workstation in the reading room and have an access tool", "47XwRB__6Io-00675-00329136-00329700": "called Scope so researchers can search for relevant tips and a link to that.", "47XwRB__6Io-00676-00329700-00330540": "Their CCA tool, that's awesome.", "47XwRB__6Io-00677-00330540-00330936": "Library of Congress has new lockdown born digital workstations in the manuscripts reading", "47XwRB__6Io-00678-00330936-00332048": "room and is also making access copies available in our campus only portal stacks.", "47XwRB__6Io-00679-00332048-00332456": "There's documentation about our reading room laptop here under reusable base image for", "47XwRB__6Io-00680-00332456-00332860": "born digital access with a guide to a Yale site.", "47XwRB__6Io-00681-00332860-00333600": "Thank you for that.", "47XwRB__6Io-00682-00333600-00334140": "One more before we move on.", "47XwRB__6Io-00683-00334140-00334644": "Okay, thank you so much, everybody.", "47XwRB__6Io-00684-00334644-00334888": "Some great answers to that question.", "47XwRB__6Io-00685-00334888-00335164": "All right, let's see where we are.", "47XwRB__6Io-00686-00335164-00335516": "I'm seeing one more that's floated to the top on my view.", "47XwRB__6Io-00687-00335516-00335616": "Yep.", "47XwRB__6Io-00688-00335616-00335716": "Thank you so much.", "47XwRB__6Io-00689-00335716-00335816": "Great.", "47XwRB__6Io-00690-00335816-00336384": "So how do you properly connect a five and a quarter inch floppy disk drive using a floppy", "47XwRB__6Io-00691-00336384-00336636": "disk converter to a Windows computer?", "47XwRB__6Io-00692-00336636-00336964": "I recently attempted this but was not successful.", "47XwRB__6Io-00693-00336964-00337304": "Everything is connected but the computer isn't recognizing the drive.", "47XwRB__6Io-00694-00337304-00337824": "I'm not sure if I'm missing a step.", "47XwRB__6Io-00695-00337824-00337924": "That's a great question.", "47XwRB__6Io-00696-00337924-00339052": "I'm not sure what floppy disk converter the question asker is using.", "47XwRB__6Io-00697-00339052-00339728": "My experience has been both with the FC-5025 and the Cryoflux board, both of which I have", "47XwRB__6Io-00698-00339728-00340368": "been successfully able to get to connect to a Windows computer so I don't exactly know", "47XwRB__6Io-00699-00340368-00340804": "if they're both of those involve both the hardware itself and a piece of software that", "47XwRB__6Io-00700-00340804-00341080": "kind of controls the hardware.", "47XwRB__6Io-00701-00341080-00341684": "So there may be an extra step needed and I'm just not seeing in this question if others", "47XwRB__6Io-00702-00341684-00341884": "have answers.", "47XwRB__6Io-00703-00341884-00343540": "Dylan Henry in the chat has the same issue, Dylan, can you maybe elaborate on what tool", "47XwRB__6Io-00704-00343540-00343640": "you're using?", "47XwRB__6Io-00705-00343640-00346004": "We can maybe percolate on this one for a while, of course anything that comes up in the chat", "47XwRB__6Io-00706-00346004-00346920": "where it comes up afterwards can always be added to this knowledge base.", "47XwRB__6Io-00707-00346920-00347104": "Dylan actually just answered your question.", "47XwRB__6Io-00708-00347104-00347316": "Oh great, thank you.", "47XwRB__6Io-00709-00347316-00347632": "Grease weasel, oh that's new to me.", "47XwRB__6Io-00710-00347632-00348372": "I can get external power to the drive and I can get grease weasel connected to the USB.", "47XwRB__6Io-00711-00348372-00349684": "It didn't totally work, that's the downside.", "47XwRB__6Io-00712-00349684-00350056": "Amanda May troubleshooting live, sounds like your driver may be a problem.", "47XwRB__6Io-00713-00350056-00350740": "I know that is often the problem with the Cryoflux, getting the driver configured properly.", "47XwRB__6Io-00714-00350740-00351808": "I have an answer that came through the air table, I've heard recently heard someone say", "47XwRB__6Io-00715-00351808-00352196": "that Windows 10 doesn't do well with floppy disk readers, I think they managed to get", "47XwRB__6Io-00716-00352196-00352916": "access by using an older version, Windows 7 I think, that's a bummer, eventually Windows", "47XwRB__6Io-00717-00352916-00354524": "7 won't be supported.", "47XwRB__6Io-00718-00354524-00355120": "I think the potentially looking at drivers and configuring drivers or making Windows", "47XwRB__6Io-00719-00355120-00355576": "understand the driver exists is one option, trying an older version of Windows may be", "47XwRB__6Io-00720-00355576-00357584": "another option, yeah let's maybe move on to the next one.", "47XwRB__6Io-00721-00357584-00357944": "Okay I think this is the next one we haven't answered yet.", "47XwRB__6Io-00722-00357944-00358380": "How do you manage preservation cycles for materials with long retention schedules?", "47XwRB__6Io-00723-00358380-00358840": "Are there tools or mechanisms for flagging when a retention schedule ends and facilitating", "47XwRB__6Io-00724-00358840-00361520": "disposition slash destruction?", "47XwRB__6Io-00725-00361520-00362100": "While we're waiting for other answers to come in, again the system that I work with, LibSafe,", "47XwRB__6Io-00726-00362100-00362832": "has functionality for flagging materials and kind of noting their retention schedules and", "47XwRB__6Io-00727-00362832-00363264": "kind of indicating holds and things like that, so that's how we plan, we're not really doing", "47XwRB__6Io-00728-00363264-00366236": "it right now, but that's how we plan to handle it in the future.", "47XwRB__6Io-00729-00366236-00367912": "Not seeing anything else coming through chat or error table.", "47XwRB__6Io-00730-00367912-00368380": "I think we can move on to the next one and maybe if we have time at the end we can come", "47XwRB__6Io-00731-00368380-00369360": "and check back on this one and see if we've got any more answers.", "47XwRB__6Io-00732-00369360-00370124": "Yeah so how do you organize and keep track of your various cords and dongles for working", "47XwRB__6Io-00733-00370124-00370360": "with various kinds of external devices?", "47XwRB__6Io-00734-00370360-00370652": "That's a great question.", "47XwRB__6Io-00735-00370652-00371076": "There's several answers, the first is badly if someone has the perfect solution please", "47XwRB__6Io-00736-00371076-00371418": "take pictures and let all of us know.", "47XwRB__6Io-00737-00371418-00372020": "Second answer is the big box of cables, I can second that one for us.", "47XwRB__6Io-00738-00372020-00372448": "Third answer, that's a great suggestion, a pegboard on the wall with hooks and with hooks", "47XwRB__6Io-00739-00372448-00372548": "for cables.", "47XwRB__6Io-00740-00372548-00373156": "There's a company called Wall Control that sells a nice one and finally I have a filing", "47XwRB__6Io-00741-00373156-00373706": "cabinet, everything is in a folder that is numbered and labeled, I have a spreadsheet", "47XwRB__6Io-00742-00373706-00374224": "with numbers and labels, unfortunately I have acquired more things and haven't gotten a", "47XwRB__6Io-00743-00374224-00374456": "chance to add them to the organized system.", "47XwRB__6Io-00744-00374456-00374964": "I also try to document my workflows for each external device type and include the name", "47XwRB__6Io-00745-00374964-00375544": "number of each piece of equipment I use.", "47XwRB__6Io-00746-00375544-00376068": "Two great strategies and big box of cables, I use plastic bins for adapters which are", "47XwRB__6Io-00747-00376068-00376864": "organized by type, again, second the small plastic label bins and then a second for pegboard.", "47XwRB__6Io-00748-00376864-00377356": "I note that I have a wall in one of our rooms that is blank right now, maybe you could put", "47XwRB__6Io-00749-00377356-00378156": "a pegboard on it.", "47XwRB__6Io-00750-00378156-00378588": "Label maker, I label every cord at either end and use Velcro wraps to bundle them together,", "47XwRB__6Io-00751-00378588-00379564": "that's a great idea.", "47XwRB__6Io-00752-00379564-00380180": "Ice cream buckets in the chat, that's a good one, a plug for helping create more empty", "47XwRB__6Io-00753-00380180-00381408": "ice cream buckets.", "47XwRB__6Io-00754-00381408-00382044": "So there's some great ideas involving containers and wall mounting.", "47XwRB__6Io-00755-00382044-00383548": "Leave one more refresh and maybe we can move on.", "47XwRB__6Io-00756-00383548-00383964": "One more saying labels, if they're specific to a device label, we label both the label", "47XwRB__6Io-00757-00383964-00384644": "and the, I'm sorry, both the cord and the device.", "47XwRB__6Io-00758-00384644-00386020": "Great ideas, hopefully that helps the question answer, question asker.", "47XwRB__6Io-00759-00386020-00386120": "Awesome.", "47XwRB__6Io-00760-00386120-00386888": "All right, let's get on to the next one.", "47XwRB__6Io-00761-00386888-00387290": "What is the best way for seasoned archivists to gain experience working with born digital", "47XwRB__6Io-00762-00387290-00387476": "records and workflows?", "47XwRB__6Io-00763-00387476-00388024": "Since we are not in the demographic for internships, are there any hands-on trainings or volunteer", "47XwRB__6Io-00764-00388024-00388180": "opportunities out there?", "47XwRB__6Io-00765-00388180-00388772": "Not just workshops and certificates that discuss how to do it, but actually working with it.", "47XwRB__6Io-00766-00388772-00389192": "A couple of answers here, do you have a nearby institution that's doing this work that would", "47XwRB__6Io-00767-00389192-00389668": "let you come for a day and work with them, either on your materials or theirs?", "47XwRB__6Io-00768-00389668-00390124": "Find a place to volunteer, our profession has a lot of rules regarding unpaid volunteers", "47XwRB__6Io-00769-00390124-00390524": "doing the work of professionals, which makes sense, but also feel like I'm missing out", "47XwRB__6Io-00770-00390524-00391144": "on professional development for stuff that became necessary post-school.", "47XwRB__6Io-00771-00391144-00391464": "And then do you have access to staff who might be willing to cross-train?", "47XwRB__6Io-00772-00391464-00392904": "Oh, I misread that second one, that was how to find a place to volunteer.", "47XwRB__6Io-00773-00392904-00394520": "So a follow-up question to that.", "47XwRB__6Io-00774-00394520-00396508": "Write stuff on your personal records, I've done that, it's a good suggestion.", "47XwRB__6Io-00775-00396508-00397044": "Not seeing anything else in chat, I'll give it one more refresh and then I think we can", "47XwRB__6Io-00776-00397044-00399032": "move on, all right, all right, let me try, sorry, I'm trying to catch up on, how do you", "47XwRB__6Io-00777-00399032-00399440": "shake imposter syndrome, especially when your colleagues come to you for digital archives", "47XwRB__6Io-00778-00399440-00402256": "advice, but you really spent all day Googling what to do, anything immediately, yeah, fake", "47XwRB__6Io-00779-00402256-00402912": "it till you make it in the chat, a couple of different examples there, plus ones, Tori,", "47XwRB__6Io-00780-00402912-00403224": "you have your hand up, do you want to?", "47XwRB__6Io-00781-00403224-00404368": "Yeah, honestly, I think part of it is knowing that like, you have to know what to Google,", "47XwRB__6Io-00782-00404368-00404936": "so you do have knowledge and you're trying to build on it, it's not like, I have absolutely", "47XwRB__6Io-00783-00404936-00405444": "no idea here, it's, I have kind of an idea of what's going on and I know how to find", "47XwRB__6Io-00784-00405444-00406412": "the answer, I mean, that's kind of our whole field is about like, being able to find things", "47XwRB__6Io-00785-00406412-00407000": "and being able to find information and know what to do with it, so in that sense, even", "47XwRB__6Io-00786-00407000-00407444": "if I don't know specifically what to do, I have that, oh, I know how to find stuff to", "47XwRB__6Io-00787-00407444-00408012": "rely on, plus I'm already kind of used to being one of my family's tech support people,", "47XwRB__6Io-00788-00408012-00408400": "which has meant I've spent most of my life answering people's questions, like Googling", "47XwRB__6Io-00789-00408400-00409156": "the problem and seeing what came up, I have plenty of experience being a local expert", "47XwRB__6Io-00790-00409156-00409792": "who really just Googled everything in like the past five minutes.", "47XwRB__6Io-00791-00409792-00410608": "Yeah, thank you, Tori, some other answers, clearly in the table, mid-career, spending", "47XwRB__6Io-00792-00410608-00411088": "all day Googling, knowing what to Google is half the job, start by remembering that others", "47XwRB__6Io-00793-00411088-00411524": "wouldn't even know what questions to ask Google, what sources to look to and how to read those", "47XwRB__6Io-00794-00411524-00412300": "services, that's great, these are great coping mechanisms, yeah, oh, great in the chat, admit", "47XwRB__6Io-00795-00412300-00412716": "what you don't know, your colleagues, I think it took me a long time to get to the point", "47XwRB__6Io-00796-00412716-00413668": "where I was comfortable saying, I don't know, some more here, yeah, what do you know, not", "47XwRB__6Io-00797-00413668-00414052": "a glib response, figure out what you're confident in and work from there, I tried this because", "47XwRB__6Io-00798-00414052-00414604": "I know that and logically one leads to the other, at some point you have to come to terms", "47XwRB__6Io-00799-00414604-00415112": "with the fact that this field is always changing and there's no way anyone knows everything,", "47XwRB__6Io-00800-00415112-00415416": "you know how to Google, find the information and try your hand at troubleshooting when", "47XwRB__6Io-00801-00415416-00415935": "things don't go to plan, you're doing great, I realize developers spend most of their time", "47XwRB__6Io-00802-00415935-00416788": "Googling as well, yeah, that's for sure, regarding colleagues, maybe you could explain to them", "47XwRB__6Io-00803-00416788-00417220": "that there are so many kinds of technology and no one person can be an expert in everything,", "47XwRB__6Io-00804-00417220-00417643": "we're always learning and that's important, try to remember that imposter syndrome is", "47XwRB__6Io-00805-00417643-00418143": "about the environment and not individual psychology, then I get the person asking to work through", "47XwRB__6Io-00806-00418143-00418764": "the issue with me rather than dropping off a request, did a developer boot camp and Googling", "47XwRB__6Io-00807-00418764-00419300": "was part of the curriculum, locating and parsing info is an important skill and the story of", "47XwRB__6Io-00808-00419300-00419616": "my life right now that I've been trying to incorporate, that's a good question, I don't", "47XwRB__6Io-00809-00419616-00420388": "know but let me look into all great responses, one more that showed up, accept web searching", "47XwRB__6Io-00810-00420388-00421232": "as a job skill and they could tell you, oh these are all from the chat I believe, yeah,", "47XwRB__6Io-00811-00421232-00421688": "so this has been a really good conversation about imposter syndrome, I feel like it's", "47XwRB__6Io-00812-00421688-00423612": "shared widely even amongst those of us who have been in the field for a while now.", "47XwRB__6Io-00813-00423612-00426120": "Yeah, okay, yeah, perhaps we can move on, it's been a great conversation, Katie Mertini", "47XwRB__6Io-00814-00426120-00427088": "is like, yes, I can hear your point about this is great group therapy.", "47XwRB__6Io-00815-00427088-00428080": "This was a very great question, thank you so much everybody, okay, if you don't run", "47XwRB__6Io-00816-00428080-00428658": "BitCurator on a dedicated Linux workstation, has anyone found an alternative to VirtualBox", "47XwRB__6Io-00817-00428658-00429134": "that doesn't have licensing fees to run it with?", "47XwRB__6Io-00818-00429134-00429472": "We have an answer, if you're using Windows, I would look at Hyper-V manager which should", "47XwRB__6Io-00819-00429472-00430384": "be built into Windows.", "47XwRB__6Io-00820-00430384-00432128": "Just a second in case anybody else has any other recommendations.", "47XwRB__6Io-00821-00432128-00434947": "Thanks, Jess, dropped in some useful tips for migrating to Hyper-V.", "47XwRB__6Io-00822-00434947-00437364": "Okay, I think that's it for this one for now, so we'll move on to the next, thanks everybody.", "47XwRB__6Io-00823-00437364-00437960": "All right, so in the digital archives field, we often throw around the term at scale when", "47XwRB__6Io-00824-00437960-00438356": "discussing moving from small to large scale work, but what do we mean by that?", "47XwRB__6Io-00825-00438356-00438552": "Is it about files or storage?", "47XwRB__6Io-00826-00438552-00438724": "If so, how many files?", "47XwRB__6Io-00827-00438724-00439216": "How much storage capacity are we talking about when working quote at scale?", "47XwRB__6Io-00828-00439216-00439396": "Or is it about process and automation?", "47XwRB__6Io-00829-00439396-00439496": "Or both?", "47XwRB__6Io-00830-00439496-00440335": "This is a big question, a couple answers already here, I think it means either or both file", "47XwRB__6Io-00831-00440335-00440847": "count and file size, generally, when does it become really hard for the archivist to", "47XwRB__6Io-00832-00440847-00441272": "touch everything, aka manually process it?", "47XwRB__6Io-00833-00441272-00441632": "Are there things that you can automate so that some of your workload is being borne", "47XwRB__6Io-00834-00441632-00441732": "by the robots?", "47XwRB__6Io-00835-00441732-00442160": "In other words, for now the archivist can touch everything and do all the work, but", "47XwRB__6Io-00836-00442160-00442684": "if the number of things to touch goes up, then everything is going to fall apart.", "47XwRB__6Io-00837-00442684-00443204": "Second answer notes that it's a good question, for me it depends on the audience, I just", "47XwRB__6Io-00838-00443204-00443808": "use the phrase at scale with colleagues to imply that they didn't want to approach doing", "47XwRB__6Io-00839-00443808-00444012": "the work manually one at a time.", "47XwRB__6Io-00840-00444012-00444960": "In the IT realm, at scale is a completely different scale.", "47XwRB__6Io-00841-00444960-00446356": "And I can second that first response, when is it too much for me to do manually?", "47XwRB__6Io-00842-00446356-00446688": "Turning to that last question for a minute, Jacob in the chat points out that Hyper-V", "47XwRB__6Io-00843-00446688-00447816": "isn't necessarily already installed into Windows, you have to install it manually yourself.", "47XwRB__6Io-00844-00447816-00448532": "This one, on text dependent, important reminder to define words in context, especially when", "47XwRB__6Io-00845-00448532-00450188": "talking cross-department or cross-institution, that's a good point.", "47XwRB__6Io-00846-00450188-00452684": "Anything in chat on this, for additional answers to come in, I believe we can move on.", "47XwRB__6Io-00847-00452684-00452988": "We got one more answer in the chat, Farrell.", "47XwRB__6Io-00848-00452988-00453535": "Yes, Tori, I think at scale is when it's not feasible to do things manually, or include", "47XwRB__6Io-00849-00453535-00453912": "a high level of intervention, or when we either need to start automating or figuring out what", "47XwRB__6Io-00850-00453912-00455668": "we can do, it's a good addition to the manual.", "47XwRB__6Io-00851-00455668-00456192": "Next question, I've been trying to better align our rate of acquisition of born digital", "47XwRB__6Io-00852-00456192-00456535": "files with our staffing levels without much success.", "47XwRB__6Io-00853-00456535-00456954": "I'm curious to know how much others are acquiring in relation to their staffing levels.", "47XwRB__6Io-00854-00456954-00457443": "How many staff do you have working on capture, appraisal and processing of born digital materials,", "47XwRB__6Io-00855-00457443-00457892": "and how many files do you acquire in a year?", "47XwRB__6Io-00856-00457892-00458204": "The reactions are funny, sorry, I'm laughing.", "47XwRB__6Io-00857-00458204-00458556": "The first answer is if you figure out how to do this, write a paper about it so that", "47XwRB__6Io-00858-00458556-00458872": "we can all do it too seriously.", "47XwRB__6Io-00859-00458872-00459316": "In chat, we'll all sob at this question.", "47XwRB__6Io-00860-00459316-00459985": "Yeah, yeah, here we go.", "47XwRB__6Io-00861-00459985-00460656": "We have four full-time archivists and two part-time, wow, one and a half are designated digital", "47XwRB__6Io-00862-00460656-00461180": "archivists responsible for developing acquisition workflows, preservation and access management,", "47XwRB__6Io-00863-00461180-00461647": "while other archivists contribute to bulk of processing slash arranging born digital", "47XwRB__6Io-00864-00461647-00461747": "collections.", "47XwRB__6Io-00865-00461747-00462120": "Our born digital accessions have greatly increased in size in the past couple of years, five", "47XwRB__6Io-00866-00462120-00462426": "and a half terabytes of video is a recent example.", "47XwRB__6Io-00867-00462426-00462784": "And it seems that the more time we devote to documenting acquisition workflows and needs", "47XwRB__6Io-00868-00462784-00463416": "by source, how can we facilitate email transfers, the more material comes our way.", "47XwRB__6Io-00869-00463416-00463800": "From chat, too much with not enough people, without enough people.", "47XwRB__6Io-00870-00463800-00464560": "Yeah, I'm feeling this very acutely right now because technically I'm the only designated", "47XwRB__6Io-00871-00464560-00465012": "person working on digital archives, but I've also shifted a lot more towards digital preservation,", "47XwRB__6Io-00872-00465012-00465524": "which is taking me away from being able to process.", "47XwRB__6Io-00873-00465524-00466092": "And we sort of had one staff member who was a point person for digital processing besides", "47XwRB__6Io-00874-00466092-00466492": "me and they are now gone and we haven't had a replacement.", "47XwRB__6Io-00875-00466492-00467012": "So we're kind of rethinking our entire program structure and I'm hoping one day they'll", "47XwRB__6Io-00876-00467012-00467800": "let me hire somebody else.", "47XwRB__6Io-00877-00467800-00468084": "We've been doing a lot of capacity building among our current staff.", "47XwRB__6Io-00878-00468084-00468184": "Sorry, farrell, was that you?", "47XwRB__6Io-00879-00468184-00468396": "I was just going to say Alice has a raised hand.", "47XwRB__6Io-00880-00468396-00468496": "Oh, thank you.", "47XwRB__6Io-00881-00468496-00468596": "Didn't see that.", "47XwRB__6Io-00882-00468596-00468912": "I'll read this one and then Alice, all you.", "47XwRB__6Io-00883-00468912-00469316": "We've been doing a lot of capacity building among our current staff, aka building skills", "47XwRB__6Io-00884-00469316-00469535": "and training to help take up the slack.", "47XwRB__6Io-00885-00469535-00469956": "But there are definitely some overworked born digital specific folks who are tired.", "47XwRB__6Io-00886-00469956-00470228": "Yeah, Alice, please go ahead.", "47XwRB__6Io-00887-00470228-00470524": "Yeah, I'm basically in the same position.", "47XwRB__6Io-00888-00470524-00471004": "I'm the tired born digital specific person.", "47XwRB__6Io-00889-00471004-00471558": "And yeah, part of the challenge of being asked like, OK, how much can we bring in?", "47XwRB__6Io-00890-00471558-00471884": "How much do you have capacity to do?", "47XwRB__6Io-00891-00471884-00472596": "Because that I need to both work on acquiring the stuff and training more staff to be able", "47XwRB__6Io-00892-00472596-00473164": "to sort of that transition.", "47XwRB__6Io-00893-00473164-00473647": "That transition from me being the person who is really hands on with us to training people", "47XwRB__6Io-00894-00473647-00474285": "so that they can take more of a hands on role and I can take more of a training and specialist", "47XwRB__6Io-00895-00474285-00475147": "and I come in when things get complex role, ideally, and yeah, we're just in the staffing", "47XwRB__6Io-00896-00475147-00475720": "out process of ideally when we have more born digital specific folks, then that transition", "47XwRB__6Io-00897-00475720-00475820": "will be a little easier.", "47XwRB__6Io-00898-00475820-00476500": "But I don't know how to say how much we can bring in in the in the mid time because yeah,", "47XwRB__6Io-00899-00476500-00476800": "tired born digital.", "47XwRB__6Io-00900-00476800-00477604": "I want to call out Jess's response in chat, just that this is not we should mean it.", "47XwRB__6Io-00901-00477604-00478235": "We're all digital curators, but this is also a problem with physical collections as well.", "47XwRB__6Io-00902-00478235-00478468": "It's not just a digital problem.", "47XwRB__6Io-00903-00478468-00478984": "That is definitely true.", "47XwRB__6Io-00904-00478984-00479639": "Although I find it interesting that sometimes it's hard in my experience, sometimes it's", "47XwRB__6Io-00905-00479639-00480304": "been hard to argue for pulling more time from the folks processing physical even if we even", "47XwRB__6Io-00906-00480304-00480580": "if we actually could.", "47XwRB__6Io-00907-00480580-00481092": "Even if we had the space to do that, sometimes there's still some resistance from people,", "47XwRB__6Io-00908-00481092-00481552": "I think, to wanting to have to learn all of it.", "47XwRB__6Io-00909-00481552-00482084": "And that in my personal experience has helped things up occasionally.", "47XwRB__6Io-00910-00482084-00482304": "We have some other answers coming in.", "47XwRB__6Io-00911-00482304-00482804": "Okay, let's see.", "47XwRB__6Io-00912-00482804-00483196": "Part of our triage approach for backlog and new accessions is are we ever going to process", "47XwRB__6Io-00913-00483196-00483332": "this realistically?", "47XwRB__6Io-00914-00483332-00483560": "That's a great question to ask.", "47XwRB__6Io-00915-00483560-00483988": "First of all, it is not your personal individual responsibility to right size collecting to", "47XwRB__6Io-00916-00483988-00484320": "resources the admin have declined to provide.", "47XwRB__6Io-00917-00484320-00484724": "Set boundaries for what you will and won't do, figure out what you can and can't say", "47XwRB__6Io-00918-00484724-00484880": "no to.", "47XwRB__6Io-00919-00484880-00485328": "Build a network of support, bring your union and any other staff representation into it,", "47XwRB__6Io-00920-00485328-00485760": "make it clear this is a matter of equitable working conditions, not being made to take", "47XwRB__6Io-00921-00485760-00486168": "on more work without the resources, as well as a matter of fairness and equity for the", "47XwRB__6Io-00922-00486168-00486404": "people whose records you're trying to care for.", "47XwRB__6Io-00923-00486404-00486902": "Yeah, that is such a great, great answer to this question.", "47XwRB__6Io-00924-00486902-00487180": "So important.", "47XwRB__6Io-00925-00487180-00487632": "I just wonder how much this is, I think this is Jess's answer from the chat, so I won't", "47XwRB__6Io-00926-00487632-00488060": "reread that but yeah.", "47XwRB__6Io-00927-00488060-00488484": "Elena in chat said, I don't have to crunch the numbers so I just cover my eyes.", "47XwRB__6Io-00928-00488484-00488764": "I'm the only digital archivist but I do not process.", "47XwRB__6Io-00929-00488764-00489012": "We will soon have a second processing archivist.", "47XwRB__6Io-00930-00489012-00489400": "Our two field archivists have taken on appraisal very early in the process which helps reduce", "47XwRB__6Io-00931-00489400-00489804": "the material amount, but it still outpaces our ability to process.", "47XwRB__6Io-00932-00489804-00490056": "Sarah says, go ahead.", "47XwRB__6Io-00933-00490056-00490568": "I was going to say Tori has her raised hand as well.", "47XwRB__6Io-00934-00490568-00490808": "Please Tori, thanks.", "47XwRB__6Io-00935-00490808-00491800": "Yeah, so I think, at least at my institution, I'm in a better position than I was, say,", "47XwRB__6Io-00936-00491800-00492104": "four years, three, four years ago.", "47XwRB__6Io-00937-00492104-00492976": "I have had a lot of support in and interest in from my colleagues in cross training.", "47XwRB__6Io-00938-00492976-00493704": "So in practice, I am definitely going to come in when things get complicated.", "47XwRB__6Io-00939-00493704-00494576": "I am definitely going to be more involved on the, like, getting materials ready for", "47XwRB__6Io-00940-00494576-00495404": "other archivists to process them side of it, but at the same time, I mean, it's better", "47XwRB__6Io-00941-00495404-00496400": "than it was in that I am no longer the go-to person for everything, and, you know, if I,", "47XwRB__6Io-00942-00496400-00496888": "I don't even know, was unexpectedly out of the office for two weeks, things would continue", "47XwRB__6Io-00943-00496888-00498132": "to function, but at the same time, I mean, it's just a fact of being an archivist, there's", "47XwRB__6Io-00944-00498132-00498635": "always going to be more stuff coming in than you can reasonably or responsibly take care", "47XwRB__6Io-00945-00498635-00498735": "of.", "47XwRB__6Io-00946-00498735-00498992": "I wish this wasn't a fact.", "47XwRB__6Io-00947-00498992-00499735": "A lot of great people have a lot of, have had a lot of great discussions about problems", "47XwRB__6Io-00948-00499735-00500200": "with that and ways that we might be able to move forward, but at the end, a lot of it", "47XwRB__6Io-00949-00500200-00501272": "comes down to institutional priorities and administrative priorities, and it's really", "47XwRB__6Io-00950-00501272-00502343": "tough to go to high-level people at your institution and ask them to flow their role.", "47XwRB__6Io-00951-00502343-00502976": "It always does come down to, like, Laura in the chat saying, you know, and somebody a", "47XwRB__6Io-00952-00502976-00504108": "bit further up, too, just always the case regardless of the format.", "47XwRB__6Io-00953-00504108-00504208": "Thank you, Tori.", "47XwRB__6Io-00954-00504208-00504556": "We have some more answers coming, and I'll try to get through quickly because we are", "47XwRB__6Io-00955-00504556-00504756": "coming up to time.", "47XwRB__6Io-00956-00504756-00505439": "Let's see, so I'm finding it hard to keep digital as a priority with processing colleagues.", "47XwRB__6Io-00957-00505439-00505828": "There's such a large paper backlog, they tell me they'd rather work with that, so I don't", "47XwRB__6Io-00958-00505828-00506284": "have an answer, just sharing pain, I guess.", "47XwRB__6Io-00959-00506284-00506600": "This was from chat, which I think I had read.", "47XwRB__6Io-00960-00506600-00507088": "I think the underresourcing of archival labor infrastructure is basically the defining personality", "47XwRB__6Io-00961-00507088-00507434": "trait of the archival profession.", "47XwRB__6Io-00962-00507434-00507832": "We have a digital technician, digital processing archivist, and digital archivist.", "47XwRB__6Io-00963-00507832-00508152": "We acquire a lot of digital stuff, and it feels overwhelming.", "47XwRB__6Io-00964-00508152-00508692": "Training others on the tools can be daunting, but most are eager to be trained in this area.", "47XwRB__6Io-00965-00508692-00509156": "We have one person, me, who works on capture and moving files through the workflow, and", "47XwRB__6Io-00966-00509156-00509500": "several curators slash archivists who do the appraisal and processing.", "47XwRB__6Io-00967-00509500-00510026": "We bring in about 500 to 600,000 files per year with quite a bit of fluctuation, definitely", "47XwRB__6Io-00968-00510026-00510204": "more than we can handle right now.", "47XwRB__6Io-00969-00510204-00510712": "Oh, and I think this is the one I wanted to, oops, oh geez, I just lost it.", "47XwRB__6Io-00970-00510712-00510876": "Where'd that go?", "47XwRB__6Io-00971-00510876-00511416": "It was Sarah's comment in chat, I believe, which is on a new archivist position, and", "47XwRB__6Io-00972-00511416-00511935": "I see as part of my job is advocating and educating about how much work this all is", "47XwRB__6Io-00973-00511935-00512372": "for the folks who assumed I would come in and just quietly take care of everything,", "47XwRB__6Io-00974-00512372-00512472": "which is a great thing.", "47XwRB__6Io-00975-00512472-00512939": "Yeah, I wanted to highlight that earlier because I think that's really important.", "47XwRB__6Io-00976-00512939-00513647": "And if you can find somebody who can help advocate for just how much time it takes.", "47XwRB__6Io-00977-00513647-00514272": "We did do a cost assessment for born digital processing here over the last year or so,", "47XwRB__6Io-00978-00514272-00514892": "and that is helping a lot, especially to show just how expensive it is to process disks", "47XwRB__6Io-00979-00514892-00515200": "and other legacy media.", "47XwRB__6Io-00980-00515200-00515864": "If you can throw numbers at them, they tend to listen a little bit more.", "47XwRB__6Io-00981-00515864-00516180": "Laura's had several comments in the chat, but I think the one maybe to highlight here", "47XwRB__6Io-00982-00516180-00516372": "is, and maybe is a good wrap up notice.", "47XwRB__6Io-00983-00516372-00516784": "The important thing is to not necessarily buy in that there's a huge urgency because", "47XwRB__6Io-00984-00516784-00517343": "we are dealing with archives that have maybe been sitting around for a while already.", "47XwRB__6Io-00985-00517343-00517760": "There are specific situations, but I think that's maybe a nice sentiment.", "47XwRB__6Io-00986-00517760-00518143": "We are working towards stuff that is supposed to be here for the long term.", "47XwRB__6Io-00987-00518143-00518924": "We're not necessarily trying to solve every problem immediately for all people.", "47XwRB__6Io-00988-00518924-00519952": "There's still lots of stuff coming in from the chat.", "47XwRB__6Io-00989-00519952-00520152": "I think we're at time.", "47XwRB__6Io-00990-00520152-00520560": "We're at time, yeah, as happens every year.", "47XwRB__6Io-00991-00520560-00520784": "The session always goes so fast.", "47XwRB__6Io-00992-00520784-00521284": "And I know there's still, so everybody sees quite a lot of questions left that we didn't", "47XwRB__6Io-00993-00521284-00521872": "get a chance to go through, but please, as you have time and are able, always recommend", "47XwRB__6Io-00994-00521872-00521972": "checking this out.", "47XwRB__6Io-00995-00521972-00522072": "We will leave these up.", "47XwRB__6Io-00996-00522072-00522732": "You can add answers to the questions for, I think, a good bit of time, like we'll leave", "47XwRB__6Io-00997-00522732-00522832": "it open.", "47XwRB__6Io-00998-00522832-00523243": "So thank you all so much for coming to this session and thank you all so much for your", "47XwRB__6Io-00999-00523243-00523412": "questions and your answers.", "47XwRB__6Io-01000-00523412-00523588": "This was so great and so helpful.", "47XwRB__6Io-01001-00523588-00524308": "Yes, thank you, Annalise and Joe for cohosting and Alice and Nancy for handling things on", "47XwRB__6Io-01002-00524308-00524848": "the program or forum committee side and for everyone's answers.", "47XwRB__6Io-01003-00524848-00524948": "Thank you.", "47XwRB__6Io-01004-00524948-00527848": "Thank you."}}]