[{"audio_id": "6UHDRhcLsac", "text": {"6UHDRhcLsac-00000-00000000-00001392": "there's an old saying that every villain is the hero in their own mind everybody", "6UHDRhcLsac-00001-00001392-00001851": "this is Chris from the rewired saw where we talked about the problem focus all", "6UHDRhcLsac-00002-00001851-00002148": "the solution and if you're new to my channel my channel is all about helping", "6UHDRhcLsac-00003-00002148-00002475": "you out with your mental health and what I've been doing with the Shane Dawson", "6UHDRhcLsac-00004-00002475-00002964": "series is pulling little topics from the episodes to try to teach you how to", "6UHDRhcLsac-00005-00002964-00003204": "improve your mental health so if you're ending that kind of stuff", "6UHDRhcLsac-00006-00003204-00003539": "make sure you subscribe and bring that notification down and make sure that", "6UHDRhcLsac-00007-00003539-00004089": "notification belt is on because I am recording three yes three videos about", "6UHDRhcLsac-00008-00004089-00004668": "this episode so yeah I just finished actually doing this on live stream I", "6UHDRhcLsac-00009-00004668-00005348": "watched Shane Dawson interview of alissa violet about Jake Paul on YouTube on", "6UHDRhcLsac-00010-00005348-00005682": "live stream we had like over a hundred people in there for most the time and it", "6UHDRhcLsac-00011-00005682-00006048": "was great it was great if you guys ever coming to a live stream with me you meet", "6UHDRhcLsac-00012-00006048-00006928": "a whole different version of Chris but but yeah so like again my channel", "6UHDRhcLsac-00013-00006928-00007453": "it's not to be a drama channels not to spill in 80 like this video isn't for", "6UHDRhcLsac-00014-00007453-00008109": "alissa violet okay this video is for you okay like what everybody just saw was", "6UHDRhcLsac-00015-00008109-00008934": "alissa violet playing the victim for almost 50 minutes I tried for so long to", "6UHDRhcLsac-00016-00008934-00009671": "change him to make him a better person it's just he never wanted to change okay", "6UHDRhcLsac-00017-00009671-00010182": "points in this right like when I was doing the livestream I was telling the", "6UHDRhcLsac-00018-00010182-00010870": "chat you know what Shane Dawson needs me to go with him to the next docu-series", "6UHDRhcLsac-00019-00010870-00011367": "so like I'm nothing special like I'm a recovering drug addict an alcoholic I", "6UHDRhcLsac-00020-00011367-00011920": "used to be s everybody I be asked people all the time right then I worked in", "6UHDRhcLsac-00021-00011920-00012270": "addiction treatment for the last three years and I'm working at a new facility", "6UHDRhcLsac-00022-00012270-00013029": "now right like part of my job is to call people out on their BS Alyssa did this", "6UHDRhcLsac-00023-00013029-00013651": "50 times like you want this entire thing she just kept contradicting herself and", "6UHDRhcLsac-00024-00013651-00014238": "like the first day I want to talk about is the lack of self-awareness the lack", "6UHDRhcLsac-00025-00014238-00014722": "of taking responsibility for your actions like this is one of the reasons", "6UHDRhcLsac-00026-00014722-00015297": "I have a playlist about how to apologize people do not know how to own up to", "6UHDRhcLsac-00027-00015297-00015709": "their stuff they don't like Alissa violet saying like oh I just wanted to", "6UHDRhcLsac-00028-00015709-00016023": "do this I wanted to make this video I just want to talk about and just get it", "6UHDRhcLsac-00029-00016023-00016347": "all out there so so I could just you know get it over with and never talk", "6UHDRhcLsac-00030-00016347-00016632": "about this stuff again like she just wants everybody to know the truth right", "6UHDRhcLsac-00031-00016632-00017220": "I don't know I just want to tell my side I don't really care like what people got", "6UHDRhcLsac-00032-00017220-00017776": "to say I like but like throughout the entire thing but she never I don't think", "6UHDRhcLsac-00033-00017776-00018426": "what I don't think one time she said what I did was messed up alright you", "6UHDRhcLsac-00034-00018426-00018700": "guys can go we watch it if you wanted you didn't let me know in the comments", "6UHDRhcLsac-00035-00018700-00019231": "if I'm wrong but there was no point where she said yeah you know they did", "6UHDRhcLsac-00036-00019231-00019667": "this but what I did was wrong no it was Jake used to", "6UHDRhcLsac-00037-00019667-00020098": "logan used her they both used her writing she didn't know and she was just", "6UHDRhcLsac-00038-00020098-00020522": "the innocent one and stuff like that and I don't know like I love what Shane's", "6UHDRhcLsac-00039-00020522-00021203": "doing but I kind of feel what Shane needs to figure out with himself what", "6UHDRhcLsac-00040-00021203-00021617": "he's trying to do with these docu-series right like what is he trying to do it", "6UHDRhcLsac-00041-00021617-00022048": "sounds like he's trying to help people but I always say this I'll say it a", "6UHDRhcLsac-00042-00022048-00022394": "million times again the best people in your life will tell you what you need to", "6UHDRhcLsac-00043-00022394-00022838": "hear and not what you want to hear so I don't know if just in that moment Shane", "6UHDRhcLsac-00044-00022838-00023315": "doesn't recognize how many times Elissa was lacking self-awareness how much", "6UHDRhcLsac-00045-00023315-00023966": "Elissa was playing the victim like Elissa hooking up with Logan she's", "6UHDRhcLsac-00046-00023966-00024328": "somehow turn that into playing the victim", "6UHDRhcLsac-00047-00024328-00024829": "okay Jake lied and said that I cheated which I never cheated we were never", "6UHDRhcLsac-00048-00024829-00025325": "together and it was just by the way before I get these types of hate", "6UHDRhcLsac-00049-00025325-00025804": "comments like if you if you've been watching my Shane Dawson recaps like I'm", "6UHDRhcLsac-00050-00025804-00026330": "not specifically targeting Elissa like anybody who's popped up in this I'm like", "6UHDRhcLsac-00051-00026330-00026732": "oh my god like pretty much everybody you'll see me saying the exact same", "6UHDRhcLsac-00052-00026732-00027338": "things about Jake I almost guarantee it so Elissa talks about how Jake was using", "6UHDRhcLsac-00053-00027338-00027836": "her right like from what did I miss from what it sounds like they made an", "6UHDRhcLsac-00054-00027836-00028428": "agreement okay like Jake he can get clicks by putting her in thumbnails and", "6UHDRhcLsac-00055-00028428-00029000": "she knew that she would get recognized and it would help her modeling if she", "6UHDRhcLsac-00056-00029000-00029360": "did the same thing so there was like mutual using and by the way I've been a", "6UHDRhcLsac-00057-00029360-00029768": "dive more into that and other topics but like they were both the fault like I", "6UHDRhcLsac-00058-00029768-00030091": "just want to make it very clear so when I started working on my mental health", "6UHDRhcLsac-00059-00030091-00030464": "part of the thing I had to do was go through and write down a complete", "6UHDRhcLsac-00060-00030464-00030989": "inventory of me I can write down all the people who had hurt me I had to look at", "6UHDRhcLsac-00061-00030989-00031658": "it what they did how they hurt me I do write about all that stuff everything", "6UHDRhcLsac-00062-00031658-00032128": "from my childhood but then I had to write about what was my part in it what", "6UHDRhcLsac-00063-00032128-00032735": "did i do what did I do wrong in this situation right like", "6UHDRhcLsac-00064-00032735-00033092": "it's very important and nobody looks at that and this is why I make videos for", "6UHDRhcLsac-00065-00033092-00033455": "all of you I try to give you the context of what's going on in these YouTube", "6UHDRhcLsac-00066-00033455-00033929": "videos like nobody looks at their part everybody is like I made a video", "6UHDRhcLsac-00067-00033929-00034571": "yesterday about Jeffrey star and how is it drama magnet Jeffrey's Jeffrey you", "6UHDRhcLsac-00068-00034571-00035015": "know he wonders why this drama is just always attracted to him but what", "6UHDRhcLsac-00069-00035015-00035486": "decisions are these people making what decisions are you making that's putting", "6UHDRhcLsac-00070-00035486-00036050": "you in a situation later on to be hurt alright but the contradictions were just", "6UHDRhcLsac-00071-00036050-00036530": "baffling me I kept pausing it but I was doing the livestream so for example", "6UHDRhcLsac-00072-00036530-00037085": "Elissa violet went and hooked up with Logan Paul she hooked up with Jay Paul's", "6UHDRhcLsac-00073-00037085-00037574": "brother and Alyssa said oh my god I don't want to know about this I don't", "6UHDRhcLsac-00074-00037574-00037940": "want to know about this and this is a manipulation of shame by the way she's", "6UHDRhcLsac-00075-00037940-00038267": "trying to like shame know I'm a good person I told Logan that I don't want", "6UHDRhcLsac-00076-00038267-00038597": "Jake to know about this I don't want to hurt Jake even though she intentionally", "6UHDRhcLsac-00077-00038597-00039089": "did that to get back at Jake alright so bear with me for a second so now she's", "6UHDRhcLsac-00078-00039089-00040289": "manipulating shame by saying I told him not to tell Jake okay after that she", "6UHDRhcLsac-00079-00040289-00040703": "talks about the diss tracks the diss tracks during the summer she says and", "6UHDRhcLsac-00080-00040703-00041096": "that quote they were just a fun thing that we did okay so she says they were", "6UHDRhcLsac-00081-00041096-00041372": "just a fun thing that we did no malicious intent", "6UHDRhcLsac-00082-00041372-00041741": "nothing like that there were just a fun thing that we did so then she makes a", "6UHDRhcLsac-00083-00041741-00042248": "diss track with Logan Paul and she plays the victim again now let me let me make", "6UHDRhcLsac-00084-00042248-00042569": "this perfectly clear I don't like Logan Paul I think Logan", "6UHDRhcLsac-00085-00042569-00042845": "Paul's a bad person I think it's a terrible influence", "6UHDRhcLsac-00086-00042845-00043445": "but like I'll call it out for all these things but Elissa violet playing the", "6UHDRhcLsac-00087-00043445-00043865": "victim and saying after we recorded it I asked him not to post it because I", "6UHDRhcLsac-00088-00043865-00044312": "thought it was mean are you kidding me right now Elissa like your come-to-jesus", "6UHDRhcLsac-00089-00044312-00044852": "moment needed to happen before you recorded it like I just want I just want", "6UHDRhcLsac-00090-00044852-00045254": "to just kind of give you that perspective okay like look at the music", "6UHDRhcLsac-00091-00045254-00045422": "video look at these music videos that the", "6UHDRhcLsac-00092-00045422-00045818": "these people are making like I think they're dumb and terrible but either way", "6UHDRhcLsac-00093-00045818-00046271": "they're investing time and money in these things like Alisa is a very", "6UHDRhcLsac-00094-00046271-00046736": "self-centered and selfish person there were a bunch of people down there to", "6UHDRhcLsac-00095-00046736-00047165": "record this video right Logan Paul probably invested money or as business", "6UHDRhcLsac-00096-00047165-00047513": "invested money to record this video we're talking about directors we're", "6UHDRhcLsac-00097-00047513-00047876": "talking about editors we're talking about all these people for music videos", "6UHDRhcLsac-00098-00047876-00048338": "you actually record the track and then you make the video so I just want you to", "6UHDRhcLsac-00099-00048338-00048758": "kind of play this tape out in your mind about how much work went into it then", "6UHDRhcLsac-00100-00048758-00049139": "after it was all done Alissa goes and she says and then I", "6UHDRhcLsac-00101-00049139-00049478": "didn't want him to post it and then the music gets kind of dramatic and she", "6UHDRhcLsac-00102-00049478-00049829": "tells Shane he told me milk there's nothing you can do legally I can post", "6UHDRhcLsac-00103-00049829-00050570": "this video so she's trying to play the victim and say oh I'm sorry but I would", "6UHDRhcLsac-00104-00050570-00050843": "have posted it to I'll be like sorry girls like you would have needed to", "6UHDRhcLsac-00105-00050843-00051287": "figure this out like I was saying in the chat like I do not tolerate BS in my", "6UHDRhcLsac-00106-00051287-00051691": "life this this is so this was completely Alyssa's fault and she needs to own that", "6UHDRhcLsac-00107-00051691-00052105": "she needs to own it she should have said to Shane right there you know in", "6UHDRhcLsac-00108-00052105-00052436": "hindsight I should have never done it in the first place but here's where her", "6UHDRhcLsac-00109-00052436-00052816": "contradictions and lack of self-awareness get even worse that video", "6UHDRhcLsac-00110-00052816-00053189": "I look this up that video was posted June 9th", "6UHDRhcLsac-00111-00053189-00053777": "of 2017 okay and it's her video with Logan Paul talking about how she's", "6UHDRhcLsac-00112-00053777-00054154": "hooking up with Logan and set a dick and by the way mind you earlier she said she", "6UHDRhcLsac-00113-00054154-00054545": "didn't want Jake to know so why would she publicly making a video pushing it", "6UHDRhcLsac-00114-00054545-00054967": "in her face to Jake because she's hooking up with Logan alright but the", "6UHDRhcLsac-00115-00054967-00055586": "very next day waste gum posted video with Elissa violet and Elissa violet was", "6UHDRhcLsac-00116-00055586-00055997": "doing the same thing and shoving it in Jake's face that she was hooking up of", "6UHDRhcLsac-00117-00055997-00056639": "Logan so yeah Elissa violet has a problem playing the victim and this is", "6UHDRhcLsac-00118-00056639-00057038": "why this is why I tell all of you guys this is why I tell all of you guys you", "6UHDRhcLsac-00119-00057038-00057503": "need to keep people in your life who are not just yes men or yes women you've got", "6UHDRhcLsac-00120-00057503-00058042": "to have people in your life who call you out on your BS you have to well in and", "6UHDRhcLsac-00121-00058042-00058399": "if not you're gonna stay the victim your entire life like this is", "6UHDRhcLsac-00122-00058399-00058849": "personal experience I used to hang out with nothing but enablers here's a quick", "6UHDRhcLsac-00123-00058849-00059299": "story for months before I got clean I wasn't allowed to see my son my son's", "6UHDRhcLsac-00124-00059299-00059794": "mom said I'm not letting you see Dylan anymore until you get sober until you", "6UHDRhcLsac-00125-00059794-00060133": "get your act together and I'm like screw you right and I was a terrible person I", "6UHDRhcLsac-00126-00060133-00060598": "kept drinking I kept using hung out with enablers all I did was hunk hanging out", "6UHDRhcLsac-00127-00060598-00060886": "with enablers I would go to the bar with him I would get drunk I thought can you", "6UHDRhcLsac-00128-00060886-00061291": "believe her keeping keeping my son away from me and they'd be like yeah man", "6UHDRhcLsac-00129-00061291-00061695": "screw her screw her so they were feeding into my", "6UHDRhcLsac-00130-00061695-00062194": "BS this is one of the reasons why I tell you guys to stop it and become", "6UHDRhcLsac-00131-00062194-00062683": "self-aware I have people in my life making me feel like it was her fault", "6UHDRhcLsac-00132-00062683-00063097": "that I was drinking and using it couldn't see my son but when I when I", "6UHDRhcLsac-00133-00063097-00063523": "got sober and I started keeping people around who called me out on my BS they", "6UHDRhcLsac-00134-00063523-00064152": "let me know like I was a scrub it was me that was my fault it was her fault that", "6UHDRhcLsac-00135-00064152-00064489": "I couldn't see my son it was my fault so this is why I try to", "6UHDRhcLsac-00136-00064489-00064798": "take these lessons and teach them to all of you you've got to be self-aware", "6UHDRhcLsac-00137-00064798-00065194": "you've got to take responsibility for your own actions and you gotta hang out", "6UHDRhcLsac-00138-00065194-00065602": "with people who call you out on your BS because a lot of us a lot of us have a", "6UHDRhcLsac-00139-00065602-00066064": "problem with self-awareness like as much as my beautiful girlfriend just riles me", "6UHDRhcLsac-00140-00066064-00066592": "up sometimes when she calls me out on my stuff I need that in my life because my", "6UHDRhcLsac-00141-00066592-00067186": "brain tells me like I said in the intro I'm always the hero of my own story all", "6UHDRhcLsac-00142-00067186-00067591": "right so I hope that makes sense to all of you but anyways again making two more", "6UHDRhcLsac-00143-00067591-00067954": "videos about this but let me know this down in the comments below do you hang", "6UHDRhcLsac-00144-00067954-00068295": "out with people who tell you what you need to hear or what you want to hear", "6UHDRhcLsac-00145-00068295-00068644": "alright let's talk in the comments but that's all I got for you with this video", "6UHDRhcLsac-00146-00068644-00068914": "if you like this video please give it a thumbs up if you're new make sure you", "6UHDRhcLsac-00147-00068914-00069280": "subscribe and bring that notification bell and a huge thank you to everybody", "6UHDRhcLsac-00148-00069280-00069655": "supporting the channel over on patreon if you would like to support the channel", "6UHDRhcLsac-00149-00069655-00070020": "on patreon to get your map up here make sure to click the top on that icon right", "6UHDRhcLsac-00150-00070020-00070393": "there all right thanks again for watching be self-aware and I'll see you", "6UHDRhcLsac-00151-00070393-00070629": "next time"}}, {"audio_id": "6UJoJwQccOU", "text": {"6UJoJwQccOU-00000-00000033-00000138": "- Hello this is Scott.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00001-00000138-00000221": "- And Lane", "6UJoJwQccOU-00002-00000221-00000330": "and we have the pleasure to be", "6UJoJwQccOU-00003-00000330-00000468": "standing next to Chris with Mazloy", "6UJoJwQccOU-00004-00000468-00000633": "and Chris what're we gonna be talking about today?", "6UJoJwQccOU-00005-00000633-00000813": "- Today we're going to be talking about three tips", "6UJoJwQccOU-00006-00000813-00000956": "for making the best videos.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00007-00000956-00001061": "- You're gonna wanna watch these", "6UJoJwQccOU-00008-00001061-00001203": "he's the master video blogger.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00009-00001203-00001292": "- Stay tuned.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00010-00001390-00001675": "- [Scott Voiceover] Since 1988 I have had one passion only.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00011-00001675-00001882": "That is to exceed customer expectations", "6UJoJwQccOU-00012-00001882-00002099": "in every facet of the real estate transaction.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00013-00002099-00002346": "- [Philip Talbert Voiceover] Our attention to detail", "6UJoJwQccOU-00014-00002346-00002471": "and negotiating skills make us", "6UJoJwQccOU-00015-00002471-00002673": "the most sought after realtors in our marketplace.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00016-00002673-00002779": "- [Lane Voiceover] Real estate is now an industry", "6UJoJwQccOU-00017-00002779-00002954": "that's now technologically driven.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00018-00002954-00003234": "We at the Sackin Stone Team will always be cutting edge.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00019-00003352-00003661": "(upbeat music)", "6UJoJwQccOU-00020-00003661-00003786": "- Hey what's going on?", "6UJoJwQccOU-00021-00003786-00003947": "This is lane with the Sackin Stone Team", "6UJoJwQccOU-00022-00003947-00004154": "at Seven Gables Real Estate and I'm with", "6UJoJwQccOU-00023-00004154-00004251": "- Scott Sackin.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00024-00004251-00004482": "- And - Chris Mazurk with Mazloy.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00025-00004482-00004674": "- Mazloy and here actually Scott,", "6UJoJwQccOU-00026-00004674-00004884": "what do we love doing more than anything?", "6UJoJwQccOU-00027-00004884-00005111": "- We love shooting and blogging out video.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00028-00005111-00005319": "- So, why don't we get with a pro", "6UJoJwQccOU-00029-00005319-00005592": "and talk about the best ways to shoot a video?", "6UJoJwQccOU-00030-00005592-00005675": "- Absolutely.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00031-00005675-00005856": "This is the pro that we use,", "6UJoJwQccOU-00032-00005856-00005981": "but he's gonna give you some great tips today.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00033-00005981-00006088": "So you can look like a pro", "6UJoJwQccOU-00034-00006088-00006249": "when you do your own video.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00035-00006249-00006333": "- Take it away.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00036-00006333-00006428": "- Awesome. Okay.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00037-00006539-00006867": "So, the first tip is make sure you do your research.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00038-00006867-00006996": "This is a little bit of a tricky one.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00039-00006996-00007094": "Most people don't think about it,", "6UJoJwQccOU-00040-00007094-00007231": "but you're gonna wanna do your research", "6UJoJwQccOU-00041-00007231-00007437": "to make sure what you're filming a video about is something", "6UJoJwQccOU-00042-00007437-00007622": "that people are actually searching for.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00043-00007622-00007786": "So the information is out there,", "6UJoJwQccOU-00044-00007786-00008004": "it's really easy to access and it's free.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00045-00008004-00008283": "You can go to a website called ubersuggest.com", "6UJoJwQccOU-00046-00008283-00008620": "type in whatever you wanna be shooting your video about", "6UJoJwQccOU-00047-00008620-00008831": "and it'll tell you whether or not you got people", "6UJoJwQccOU-00048-00008831-00008979": "that are actually searching for it.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00049-00008979-00009134": "- That's awesome.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00050-00009134-00009291": "We actually incorporate this tip into our videos too.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00051-00009291-00009441": "So a lot of the content that Scott", "6UJoJwQccOU-00052-00009441-00009609": "and I are gonna be producing in the future", "6UJoJwQccOU-00053-00009609-00009804": "are based on Chris's suggestion", "6UJoJwQccOU-00054-00009804-00010006": "about what maybe to talk about.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00055-00010006-00010134": "- Exactly. Again, just another way", "6UJoJwQccOU-00056-00010134-00010361": "to make sure that what you're shooting", "6UJoJwQccOU-00057-00010361-00010497": "is gonna be relevant and interesting.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00058-00010497-00010580": "- Yeah.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00059-00010580-00010667": "- And video is important, right?", "6UJoJwQccOU-00060-00010667-00010821": "Video is super important,", "6UJoJwQccOU-00061-00010821-00011011": "because doesn't Facebook want,", "6UJoJwQccOU-00062-00011011-00011159": "like videos to be the only thing", "6UJoJwQccOU-00063-00011159-00011303": "that they have on there?", "6UJoJwQccOU-00064-00011303-00011522": "- Yeah, videos is really, really important.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00065-00011522-00011804": "There's a study out by a company called Cisco", "6UJoJwQccOU-00066-00011804-00011996": "that 80% of the content that's", "6UJoJwQccOU-00067-00011996-00012431": "taken on the internet is going to be video by 2020.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00068-00012431-00012586": "- And so all businesses should be", "6UJoJwQccOU-00069-00012586-00012731": "doing video if they don't already.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00070-00012731-00012846": "- Everybody should be doing video", "6UJoJwQccOU-00071-00012846-00012929": "- And if you need help, you're the guy to help.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00072-00012929-00013083": "- I'm the guy.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00073-00013083-00013209": "You can visit my website mazloy.com.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00074-00013209-00013366": "It's everything you need is there.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00075-00013366-00013449": "- Cool - That's great", "6UJoJwQccOU-00076-00013449-00013560": "- And I know we've got two more tips to go.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00077-00013667-00013766": "But just remember whether you are a pro or an amateur,", "6UJoJwQccOU-00078-00013766-00013938": "what Chris is saying is going to be invaluable.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00079-00013938-00014022": "- Absolutely.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00080-00014022-00014219": "And our goal at Mazloy is to", "6UJoJwQccOU-00081-00014219-00014381": "give all our secret sauce away.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00082-00014381-00014543": "So if you want to work with us, that's great.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00083-00014543-00014681": "But everything I'm giving you is", "6UJoJwQccOU-00084-00014681-00014980": "what we use what we use in our company.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00085-00014980-00015066": "- Well The reason why you're giving", "6UJoJwQccOU-00086-00015066-00015166": "the secret sauce away is because", "6UJoJwQccOU-00087-00015166-00015318": "it's really difficult to do.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00088-00015318-00015401": "- It is difficult.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00089-00015401-00015484": "- And you know that they're going to", "6UJoJwQccOU-00090-00015484-00015579": "be calling you anyways so.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00091-00015579-00015732": "- Yeah, pretty much (light laughter)", "6UJoJwQccOU-00092-00015732-00015930": "But hey, what we're filming this on right now is an iPhone.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00093-00015930-00016084": "And that's cos it's 4K.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00094-00016084-00016179": "So you can do this with", "6UJoJwQccOU-00095-00016179-00016321": "your phone at home too.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00096-00016321-00016556": "Everything we're telling you, you can do at home.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00097-00016556-00016756": "So hey, the second tip is make sure", "6UJoJwQccOU-00098-00016756-00016862": "that you film with a buddy.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00099-00016862-00016973": "So that might be a little tricky", "6UJoJwQccOU-00100-00016973-00017056": "when you're at home,", "6UJoJwQccOU-00101-00017056-00017200": "but right now we got behind the camera", "6UJoJwQccOU-00102-00017200-00017317": "we got my buddy Mike,", "6UJoJwQccOU-00103-00017317-00017504": "and we got Stipe with Sackin Stone.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00104-00017504-00017659": "And they're helping make sure that", "6UJoJwQccOU-00105-00017659-00017880": "everything we're doing is on point.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00106-00017880-00018038": "- Yeah, and also sometimes get some", "6UJoJwQccOU-00107-00018038-00018206": "real cool bloopers behind the scenes.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00108-00018206-00018311": "Some B roll footage.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00109-00018311-00018560": "So like they're, they can be doing stuff", "6UJoJwQccOU-00110-00018560-00018683": "even behind the scenes while", "6UJoJwQccOU-00111-00018683-00018768": "they're watching us either make a fool of ourselves", "6UJoJwQccOU-00112-00018768-00018893": "or make some really great videos so.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00113-00018893-00019041": "- Exactly.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00114-00019041-00019161": "- Well, thank you for tip number two.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00115-00019161-00019362": "And what's the last and final tip you have for us?", "6UJoJwQccOU-00116-00019362-00019567": "- So the last and final tip is going to", "6UJoJwQccOU-00117-00019567-00019720": "need us to cut because I forgot it.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00118-00019720-00019830": "- Cut! (beep)", "6UJoJwQccOU-00119-00019830-00019977": "what is the last and final third tip", "6UJoJwQccOU-00120-00019977-00020060": "that you have for us?", "6UJoJwQccOU-00121-00020060-00020184": "- So the last and final third tip is", "6UJoJwQccOU-00122-00020184-00020289": "to make sure that you're taking", "6UJoJwQccOU-00123-00020289-00020427": "your video and you're leveraging", "6UJoJwQccOU-00124-00020427-00020557": "it all over the place.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00125-00020557-00020741": "Use that video on social media,", "6UJoJwQccOU-00126-00020741-00020972": "use that video as a blog on Google,", "6UJoJwQccOU-00127-00020972-00021057": "do all this stuff with.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00128-00021057-00021226": "And the easiest way to do that,", "6UJoJwQccOU-00129-00021226-00021450": "you can go to a website called rev.com", "6UJoJwQccOU-00130-00021450-00021757": "and you can ask them to create captions for your video,", "6UJoJwQccOU-00131-00021757-00021962": "which you can then use to make a transcript", "6UJoJwQccOU-00132-00021962-00022257": "and pow you got an automatic blog post.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00133-00022257-00022448": "It's $1 a minute couldn't be cheaper. It's awesome.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00134-00022448-00022652": "- And YouTube right? You want the video up on YouTube?", "6UJoJwQccOU-00135-00022652-00022783": "- You gotta make sure it's up on YouTube.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00136-00022783-00022981": "Use it everywhere you possibly can.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00137-00022981-00023113": "- Well from what I understand YouTube's", "6UJoJwQccOU-00138-00023261-00023425": "like the second largest search engine.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00139-00023425-00023526": "- Sure is, right behind Google yeah.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00140-00023526-00023609": "- So it's important to be on there.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00141-00023609-00023692": "- Yeah, and now Chris has given away", "6UJoJwQccOU-00142-00023692-00023826": "one of our Sackin Stone team secrets", "6UJoJwQccOU-00143-00023826-00023915": "because you've been noticing", "6UJoJwQccOU-00144-00023915-00024058": "some captions on our videos", "6UJoJwQccOU-00145-00024058-00024151": "and probably thinking we're spending", "6UJoJwQccOU-00146-00024151-00024310": "thousands of dollars on that.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00147-00024310-00024410": "You know, we're not.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00148-00024410-00024539": "It's very reasonable.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00149-00024539-00024627": "(laughing)", "6UJoJwQccOU-00150-00024627-00024717": "- Well we want to make sure that", "6UJoJwQccOU-00151-00024717-00024936": "all of the videos and all of the content", "6UJoJwQccOU-00152-00024936-00025019": "you're watching is the best it possibly can be.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00153-00025019-00025215": "We think about it, we research ahead of time.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00154-00025215-00025493": "We have buddies we use.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00155-00025493-00025616": "I don't know, we use Uber Suggest.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00156-00025616-00025793": "We do a lot of this stuff to make sure", "6UJoJwQccOU-00157-00025793-00025876": "that we have the best videos possible.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00158-00025876-00025960": "- Exactly.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00159-00025960-00026047": "I mean, we're not, we use people like Chris", "6UJoJwQccOU-00160-00026047-00026237": "because we believe in hiring the pros,", "6UJoJwQccOU-00161-00026237-00026345": "hiring the best of the best to", "6UJoJwQccOU-00162-00026345-00026526": "give the end result that we want.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00163-00026526-00026682": "And we've gotten great comments and feedback", "6UJoJwQccOU-00164-00026682-00026765": "from you our clients", "6UJoJwQccOU-00165-00026765-00026968": "and you seen our videos evolve over time.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00166-00026968-00027139": "And it's because of our relationships", "6UJoJwQccOU-00167-00027139-00027317": "with people like Chris that it can do that.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00168-00027317-00027400": "So thank you so much.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00169-00027400-00027536": "- We love working with the Sackin Stone team.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00170-00027536-00027662": "You guys are the best.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00171-00027662-00027945": "- Aw, thank you. - Thank you.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00172-00027945-00028218": "At the Sackin Stone team our clients are always number one.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00173-00028218-00028505": "Get in touch with us with a call, text, or email", "6UJoJwQccOU-00174-00028505-00028619": "and stay in touch.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00175-00028619-00028834": "We're on Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube.", "6UJoJwQccOU-00176-00029022-00029281": "(upbeat music)"}}, {"audio_id": "6UWnBYQ7Wlk", "text": {"6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00000-00000003-00000441": "now we've talked about temperature. Temperature is a measure of how fast the", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00001-00000441-00001088": "atoms and molecules inside something are jiggling about moving at random. Now, I", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00002-00001088-00001769": "would like to talk about heat. This is a bit of a tricky thing to talk about because in", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00003-00001769-00002115": "normal English we use heated may different ways: you can say someone is", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00004-00002115-00002640": "hot, you could heat something up, I can put on a heat pack. It's often used as a synonym", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00005-00002640-00003128": "for temperature, but in physics it has a precise definition which is: it's the", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00006-00003128-00003557": "amount of energy you need to add or subtract from something to change its", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00007-00003557-00004311": "temperature. Okay, so what does that mean? Why do you need to put energy in or take", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00008-00004311-00004823": "it out of a system to change its temperature? Well, let's think of the gas...", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00009-00004823-00005319": "This is a simulation we saw before. A gas that's hot has all its atoms", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00010-00005319-00005919": "moving at random and that means that all these atoms have kinetic energy. If you", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00011-00005919-00006371": "want to make the gas hotter, you'll have to put some energy in and that energy", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00012-00006371-00006747": "will make the atoms move faster. Energy is conserved; you don't get energy from", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00013-00006747-00007083": "nothing. If you want the items to have more energy you need to put it in", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00014-00007083-00007868": "somehow.  For a mono-atomic gas like this one where you just got single atoms,", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00015-00007868-00008232": "that's all there is to it, you just need to increase the kinetic energy of the", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00016-00008232-00008961": "particles. If you have a solid however, it's a bit more complicated. Here, we've", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00017-00008961-00009297": "also, if you want to make it hotter, we also have to make the atoms go fast.", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00018-00009297-00009647": "But that's not enough. Let's say, for example, you freeze this at some particular", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00019-00009647-00010263": "moment, there's no motions, but there's still energy here because some of the", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00020-00010263-00010653": "springs are compressed, some of them are bent, some are stretched. So, even if you", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00021-00010653-00011025": "managed to freeze everything here, the springs would still start moving in when", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00022-00011025-00011571": "you released it. The springs here of course are the chemical bonds. So", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00023-00011571-00012099": "something like this, the energy inside it is two forms: it's partially the kinetic", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00024-00012099-00012446": "energy of the atoms jiggling around and partially is the energy stored in all", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00025-00012446-00012777": "those chemical bonds that act like Springs. Sometimes they're stretched,", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00026-00012780-00013148": "sometimes they're compressed and you know if you have a compressed spring you", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00027-00013148-00013608": "can do work. Bing! There is energy stored in it. It turns", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00028-00013608-00013997": "out that on average, the energy in the bonds (the springs) and the kinetic energy", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00029-00013997-00014376": "of the things moving about is about the same. If you had all the energy in", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00030-00014376-00014666": "the springs, that wouldn't last long. The springs would push things around and stop", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00031-00014666-00015033": "the atoms moving. If you had atoms moving, but no energy in the springs, that", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00032-00015033-00015369": "motion will cause the springs to get compressed and uncompressed and so", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00033-00015369-00015768": "before long, you'd end up with about the same energy in each. This is called: the", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00034-00015768-00016251": "Principle of Super Equipartition and it's fundamental in large areas of", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00035-00016251-00016731": "thermodynamics. So, that's solids and mono-atomic gases.", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00036-00016731-00017376": "How about molecule gases? Well, here's a CO2 molecule and what are we doing here", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00037-00017376-00017925": "is applying an old static electric field. This is what happens when light falls on", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00038-00017925-00018378": "carbon dioxide or some molecule. Light is an electromagnetic wave, which", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00039-00018378-00018762": "means it's got an oscillating electric field. The electric field pulls a", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00040-00018762-00019059": "positive charge one way, the negative charge the other way and because of the", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00041-00019059-00019464": "bonding in here (the positive and negative charges at opposite ends), sets the", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00042-00019464-00019923": "whole thing vibrating. See, if you have something like carbon dioxide, it could", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00043-00019923-00020280": "have some energy as carbon dioxide molecules move around, but can also have", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00044-00020280-00020826": "energy as they vibrate, like this. Or, for that matter, if you apply a faster", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00045-00020826-00021201": "electromagnet wave to it, you can get different oscillations. This time it's", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00046-00021201-00021579": "resonating another way and the center is moving backwards and forwards this", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00047-00021579-00022113": "direction. So, you can also have energy in that form. Something like a", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00048-00022113-00022551": "water molecule; This has even more exciting things happen to it when you apply an", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00049-00022551-00022977": "electric field to it, like light, because the charges are not all lined up. You", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00050-00022977-00023289": "have the oxygen in the middle and the hydrogen on the outside and so in this case,", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00051-00023289-00023787": "If you're applying radiation to it, like sunlight falling on some water, it can do", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00052-00023787-00024495": "all sorts of cool things. It can vibrate and rotate. So, in general, if you", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00053-00024495-00024897": "have a mono-atomic thing, just single molecules, then all that's going to", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00054-00024897-00025197": "happen is they'll move and so the heat is that we just need to get their kinetic", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00055-00025197-00025524": "energy increased. If you have a solid, you're going to have to put some energy", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00056-00025524-00025788": "in to make them move and also some energy to make the springs", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00057-00025788-00026216": "stretch and un-stretch. If you have a molecule that's free to rotate,", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00058-00026216-00026616": "you'll also have some energy coming in rotation, spinning and vibration of the", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00059-00026616-00026907": "modes. These are all forms of energy that you can put", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00060-00026907-00027527": "into things. How do you heat things up? Well, one way is to apply light radiation", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00061-00027527-00027873": "to them, just like we've seen here.  The  electric field pulls the", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00062-00027873-00028233": "charges around and makes things hotter. That's why you get warm on a summer's", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00063-00028233-00028739": "day. Another way is to put your object in something hotter.", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00064-00028739-00029264": "So, let's say for example, you put a baked potato in a campfire. The atoms in baked", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00065-00029264-00029655": "potato are moving slowly, so they're not rotating very much, they're not vibrating", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00066-00029655-00030002": "very much, the springs are not very much stretched, there's low energy in all those", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00067-00030002-00030474": "forms. But what's gonna happen when it's in the fire, is the air around it is very", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00068-00030474-00030879": "hot, so the very hot air molecules are going to be spinning like crazy and", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00069-00030886-00031248": "bouncing and vibrating and running around like crazy. They will smash into the", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00070-00031248-00031766": "molecules in the outer parts of the baked potato and of course if you are a slow moving", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00071-00031766-00032045": "atom and a fast moving atom bashes into you,", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00072-00032045-00032499": "it's going to make you move faster and so first of all the molecules in the outside will start", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00073-00032499-00032762": "moving faster and because they're attached with bonds to the ones on the", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00074-00032763-00033191": "inside it'll pulled inner ones moving faster and slowly over time all the", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00075-00033191-00033651": "molecules go faster and your baked potato will cook. That's very similar to", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00076-00033651-00033987": "what happens here, when you have a stove you're cooking something with fire", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00077-00033987-00034425": "underneath. The very fast-moving molecules down here will bash into the", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00078-00034425-00034794": "bottom of the pan and get the molecules in the pan moving really fast and the", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00079-00034794-00035097": "molecules in the bottom of the pan are attached to the ones in the top of", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00080-00035097-00035508": "the pan. So, the whole pan will warm up and that will then heat up whatever's", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00081-00035508-00036237": "inside it. Another way to apply heat is with electricity. If you have an electric", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00082-00036237-00036519": "kettle, like this one, it'll have a heating element somewhere at the bottom,", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00083-00036519-00037158": "which is basically a piece of wire. So, if you have a piece of wire and an electric", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00084-00037158-00037563": "field is applied along it by your mains and that means electrons will start", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00085-00037563-00037974": "accelerating along it. As they accelerate along, they'll bump into atoms", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00086-00037974-00038520": "and they'll make the atoms jiggle. The electron will then bounce off, but then", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00087-00038520-00038826": "the electric field, the voltage, will cause it to accelerate again and that", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00088-00038826-00039150": "will cause another one (cause that to jiggle). So, they'll be some sort of", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00089-00039150-00039540": "resistive element inside with electrons being separated through by the voltage", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00090-00039540-00039924": "and that will cause the atoms in that to jiggle faster and faster and faster and", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00091-00039924-00040368": "the fast jiggling molecules in the wire will then bounce", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00092-00040368-00040722": "off the molecules in the water around it and cause them to go faster", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00093-00040722-00041334": "and before long even a nice hot cup of tea so to summarize heat is the amount", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00094-00041334-00041766": "of energy you need to put into something to change its temperature you need to", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00095-00041766-00042177": "put energy in to change somethings temperature to make the atoms move", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00096-00042177-00042627": "faster to make them vibrate to make the chemical bond stretch or unstretched and", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00097-00042627-00042969": "you can do this in various ways usually putting it something in touch with", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00098-00042969-00043194": "something that's hotter will make it happen", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00099-00043194-00043617": "radiation can make it happen and current flowing through it can make it happen", "6UWnBYQ7Wlk-00100-00043617-00043919": "and there are many other ways to"}}, {"audio_id": "6UaEF0C7Zqk", "text": {"6UaEF0C7Zqk-00000-00000635-00001095": "[Music]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00001-00000940-00001456": "Hello Friends we are in Kigali", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00002-00001095-00001891": "Capital of Rwanda", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00003-00001456-00002131": "it is a very beautiful country of Rwanda country that", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00004-00001891-00002515": "that had many violence very ugly things...", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00005-00002131-00003058": "We are going to give you a little of that", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00006-00002515-00003369": "a 1994 genocide where", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00007-00003058-00003754": "basically in three months they killed themselves", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00008-00003369-00003968": "a million", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00009-00003754-00004247": "of people", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00010-00003968-00004510": "let's show a little bit of that we got", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00011-00004247-00004759": "last  night. we are", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00012-00004510-00005328": "in a hotel basically that's like a", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00013-00004759-00005575": "convent but it's hotel here was started", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00014-00005328-00005934": "by the French then they are used a lot", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00015-00005575-00006261": "French indeed the currency is", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00016-00005934-00006542": "Rwandan  francs", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00017-00006261-00006972": "and well we are here let's say 15", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00018-00006542-00007373": "kilometers less than 5 kilometers from", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00019-00006972-00007878": "the city ​​of the, and it's also", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00020-00007373-00008364": "a very clean place let's say you don't", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00021-00007878-00008619": "feel in  eastern africa... then", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00022-00008364-00009234": "we are going to show", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00023-00008619-00009516": "to the city to downtown by motorcycle here", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00024-00009234-00009788": "called is called Boda bodas just like Uganda", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00025-00009516-00009952": "just like Uganda", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00026-00009788-00010118": "[Music]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00027-00009952-00011818": "[Music]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00028-00010118-00011818": "[Music]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00029-00012051-00012362": "[Music]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00030-00012432-00012765": "friends...", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00031-00012816-00013347": "This is one of the cleanest cities in Africa", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00032-00013013-00013769": "because because by law people", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00033-00013347-00014119": "or days or weeks and hours of the day", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00034-00013769-00014422": "they need to clean up the city it's like", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00035-00014119-00014704": "say community work", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00036-00014422-00015097": "so as you can see it is very clean", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00037-00014704-00015351": "the streets there is no trash here and", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00038-00015097-00015601": "that's very nice. Another thing I like here is", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00039-00015351-00015940": "the attitude of the people greet you", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00040-00015601-00016417": "they say welcome to my country they do", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00041-00015940-00016704": "lovingly taxi drivers for example", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00042-00016417-00016995": "they don't cheat you they tell you the truth about the meter", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00043-00016704-00017171": "you don't feel they are to cheat you", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00044-00016995-00017564": "or steal from you", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00045-00017171-00017860": "another one you like they don't drive three", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00046-00017564-00018140": "people  on a motorcycle, the use helmets", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00047-00017860-00018455": "so what one of this understands is", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00048-00018140-00018923": "obviously it is a country from the third  world", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00049-00018455-00019313": "but they're growing as a country  to make things", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00050-00018923-00019675": "work and that's nice is to see how the", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00051-00019313-00020042": "country after the  one of the worst massacre in the world", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00052-00019675-00020243": "now what is happening in the country and the progress", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00053-00020042-00020363": "I feel very and", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00054-00020243-00023693": "glad to be here", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00055-00020363-00023693": "here one of the means of transportation is the Boda Boda. Boda Boda means Border- Border", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00056-00023996-00024465": "this is the meaning.You can see this city more modern of other cities in Afica", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00057-00024728-00025450": "I have a man who speaks Spanish next to me", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00058-00024941-00025450": "he lives in Congo and", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00059-00025497-00026182": "he works in U.N.", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00060-00025801-00026182": "thanks to better conditions ...", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00061-00026469-00027058": "well he learned spanish because", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00062-00026806-00027291": "They are from Guatemala and live in the Congo.", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00063-00027058-00027535": "they also work with united nations and", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00064-00027291-00027805": "they taught him to speak Spanish and", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00065-00027535-00028102": "speaks perfectly look how", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00066-00027805-00028319": "small the world  is Some Latinos here in", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00067-00028102-00028319": "Kigali", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00068-00028555-00029514": "we are in local market. i want to see the typical dresses of Africa", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00069-00029133-00029662": "on 6th street a typical way", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00070-00029514-00029976": "typical way look at the pretty dress", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00071-00029662-00029976": "more dresses", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00072-00030881-00031493": "typical dresses...", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00073-00031049-00031788": "and well I bought one for 10 dollars?", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00074-00031493-00031788": "12", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00075-00032666-00033103": "well this is the market... i love", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00076-00032864-00033103": "to show you...", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00077-00033126-00033836": "well there is one thing or another one can", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00078-00033429-00034303": "get... spoons", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00079-00033836-00034303": "and things with zebras with giraffes", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00080-00034447-00034916": "clothes as I showed you before", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00081-00035196-00035575": "things with baskets", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00082-00035879-00036555": "Colombia", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00083-00036084-00036807": "Colombia...  People this city has", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00084-00036555-00037097": "also this country people are very", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00085-00036807-00037394": "friendly the greet and they tell you", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00086-00037097-00037721": "welcome to the country.  In truth we are", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00087-00037394-00037953": "happy in this place", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00088-00037721-00038151": "recommended we are recommending this", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00089-00037953-00038366": "place to travel", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00090-00038151-00038825": "4? 4?", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00091-00038366-00039143": "for  4000. Is it pretty, no?", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00092-00038825-00039491": "it is  too long? No, It is pretty it looks", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00093-00039143-00039797": "this one is more uneven more painted, no?", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00094-00039491-00040094": "are you a rastafarian men?", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00095-00040094-00040194": "4000?", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00096-00040094-00040705": "Camilo is negotiating", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00097-00040339-00041053": "you know this market  is cheaper. We were in", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00098-00040705-00041523": "kenya at the masai market and it was more expensive", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00099-00041053-00041523": "this market has seemed cheaper", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00100-00042680-00042991": "[Music]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00101-00043040-00043321": "we are", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00102-00043394-00043874": "at the kigali genocide memorial", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00103-00043557-00043874": "[Applause]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00104-00043910-00044152": "Hi", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00105-00044158-00044784": "well we have arrived at  the memorial. The  kigali genocide memorial", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00106-00044876-00045913": "of what happened here basically in a few", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00107-00045251-00045913": "words.. in 1994", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00108-00045933-00046775": "this country was first colonized by", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00109-00046388-00047190": "the French  and the Belgians and", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00110-00047190-00047490": "there are two types of ethnic groups ortribes", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00111-00047190-00047927": "then they started to", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00112-00047636-00048230": "talk badly about of the others.. say ugly things of the other", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00113-00047927-00048562": "they called themselves \"cockroaches\" etc...", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00114-00048230-00048780": "and then it was time to kill them and in that", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00115-00048562-00049044": "little", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00116-00048780-00049188": "for a moment the population began to", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00117-00049044-00049494": "kill themselves", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00118-00049188-00049902": "and the fact that the president who", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00119-00049494-00050250": "was at the time they killed him in", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00120-00049902-00050652": "his plane that's what happened let's see", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00121-00050250-00051230": "basically the museum is", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00122-00050652-00051230": "free, but  you must have a donation", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00123-00051451-00052144": "the man who works here says that", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00124-00051874-00052672": "the cemetery is basically", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00125-00052144-00053050": "massive graves where many people are burried", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00126-00052672-00053418": "well friends we're done obviously", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00127-00053050-00053899": "this is a memorial then well", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00128-00053418-00054306": "it's not very ethical to film and things like that", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00129-00053899-00054600": "you can ti film there but first...", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00130-00054306-00054817": "is it dark and are many things", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00131-00054600-00055361": "to read", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00132-00054817-00055803": "obviously the massive graves", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00133-00055361-00056025": "obviously it's something of respect", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00134-00055803-00056213": "it's very interesting it's one of", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00135-00056025-00056369": "the most horrible killings of this world", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00136-00056213-00056641": "[Music]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00137-00056369-00056954": "and the truth that UN never wanted them and", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00138-00056641-00057298": "now it's a country that obviously", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00139-00056954-00057833": "totally changed many years later", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00140-00057298-00058179": "to a nice hard working peaceful place", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00141-00057833-00058708": "It is a place that I totally recommend and", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00142-00058179-00058708": "something this something  that touches your heart... come here", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00143-00058724-00059125": "[Music]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00144-00059305-00059641": "that was it for today... we vistied Kigali...", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00145-00060691-00061096": "thank you very much for watching", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00146-00061617-00062510": "look how they celebrate birthdays here", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00147-00061920-00062510": "[Applause]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00148-00062522-00062705": "[Music]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00149-00062559-00062986": "[Music]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00150-00062705-00062986": "[Music]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00151-00063044-00063350": "[Music]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00152-00063496-00063708": "[Music]", "6UaEF0C7Zqk-00153-00063929-00064921": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "6V9FOY5Ensy", "text": {"6V9FOY5Ensy-00000-00000500-00000683": "Zoom: 2^0", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00001-00000683-00000866": "Zoom: 2^1", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00002-00000866-00001050": "Zoom: 2^2", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00003-00001050-00001233": "Zoom: 2^3", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00004-00001233-00001417": "Zoom: 2^4", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00005-00001417-00001600": "Zoom: 2^5", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00006-00001600-00001784": "Zoom: 2^6", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00007-00001784-00001967": "Zoom: 2^7", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00008-00001967-00002151": "Zoom: 2^8", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00009-00002151-00002334": "Zoom: 2^9", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00010-00002334-00002518": "Zoom: 2^10", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00011-00002518-00002701": "Zoom: 2^11", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00012-00002701-00002885": "Zoom: 2^12", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00013-00002885-00003068": "Zoom: 2^13", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00014-00003068-00003252": "Zoom: 2^14", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00015-00003252-00003435": "Zoom: 2^15", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00016-00003435-00003619": "Zoom: 2^16", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00017-00003619-00003802": "Zoom: 2^17", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00018-00003802-00003986": "Zoom: 2^18", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00019-00003986-00004169": "Zoom: 2^19", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00020-00004169-00004353": "Zoom: 2^20", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00021-00004353-00004536": "Zoom: 2^21", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00022-00004536-00004720": "Zoom: 2^22", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00023-00004720-00004903": "Zoom: 2^23", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00024-00004903-00005087": "Zoom: 2^24", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00025-00005087-00005270": "Zoom: 2^25", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00026-00005270-00005454": "Zoom: 2^26", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00027-00005454-00005637": "Zoom: 2^27", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00028-00005637-00005821": "Zoom: 2^28", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00029-00005821-00006004": "Zoom: 2^29", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00030-00006004-00006188": "Zoom: 2^30", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00031-00006188-00006371": "Zoom: 2^31", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00032-00006371-00006555": "Zoom: 2^32", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00033-00006555-00006738": "Zoom: 2^33", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00034-00006738-00006922": "Zoom: 2^34", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00035-00006922-00007105": "Zoom: 2^35", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00036-00007105-00007288": "Zoom: 2^36", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00037-00007288-00007472": "Zoom: 2^37", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00038-00007472-00007655": "Zoom: 2^38", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00039-00007655-00007839": "Zoom: 2^39", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00040-00007839-00008022": "Zoom: 2^40", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00041-00008022-00008206": "Zoom: 2^41", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00042-00008206-00008389": "Zoom: 2^42", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00043-00008389-00008573": "Zoom: 2^43", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00044-00008573-00008756": "Zoom: 2^44", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00045-00008756-00008940": "Zoom: 2^45", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00046-00008940-00009123": "Zoom: 2^46", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00047-00009123-00009307": "Zoom: 2^47", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00048-00009307-00009490": "Zoom: 2^48", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00049-00009490-00009674": "Zoom: 2^49", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00050-00009674-00009857": "Zoom: 2^50", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00051-00009857-00010041": "Zoom: 2^51", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00052-00010041-00010224": "Zoom: 2^52", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00053-00010224-00010408": "Zoom: 2^53", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00054-00010408-00010591": "Zoom: 2^54", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00055-00010591-00010775": "Zoom: 2^55", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00056-00010775-00010958": "Zoom: 2^56", "6V9FOY5Ensy-00057-00010958-00011142": "Zoom: 2^57"}}, {"audio_id": "6VgE8ytAKZQ", "text": {"6VgE8ytAKZQ-00000-00000034-00000494": "All medic al colleges may have to close down.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00001-00000494-00001212": "Because artificial intelligence will make diagnoses by itself and treat you by itself.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00002-00001212-00001907": "So it is time the young doctors who are coming up now should focus on how you should be able to look beyond the symptoms.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00003-00001907-00002500": "You must allow the deeper intelligence within you to function.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00004-00003188-00003779": "Interviewer (Ishwar): The antibiotic resistance is increasing day-by-day. And ayurvedic practices are declining day-by-day.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00005-00003779-00004348": "So how do we create a perfect amalgamation between the practices of Ayurveda and Allopathy?", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00006-00004348-00005066": "Sadhguru: Ayurveda and Siddha and naturopathy is growing big time in the West, particularly in Europe.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00007-00005066-00005780": "Very big, in India of course, it's dying because they have to approve it for us to take it.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00008-00005780-00006090": "Without their approval we cannot take it.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00009-00006090-00006698": "But we must understand the difference between Allopathy and these other Indian systems.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00010-00006698-00007653": "Right now, an Ayurvedic doctor is going to another Medical College just like you go for four years or five years or whatever.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00011-00007653-00008312": "So what he's learning is a downgraded medicine, downgraded understanding.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00012-00008312-00009101": "An Ayurvedic doctor or one who wants to practice Ayurveda, should not go to a four-year course.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00013-00009101-00009438": "You have to invest your life in it; otherwise, it won't happen.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00014-00009438-00010156": "Traditionally, from childhood they learn to feel the herbs; they learn to feel the people; the pulse and this and that.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00015-00010156-00010941": "This is a developing a certain intuition, where we don't go by the symptoms that you're showing on your body right now.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00016-00010941-00011469": "We don't see your temperature and say this is what it is. We don't look at those symptoms.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00017-00011469-00012192": "We learn to look much deeper into the system to identify what exactly is right and wrong with your system.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00018-00012192-00012514": "This will take a different level of involvement.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00019-00012514-00013088": "That involvement is missing right now, we are looking at things...If I do this much I must get that,", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00020-00013088-00013789": "this job or I must get this place in the world. With this, these systems may not function very well.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00021-00013789-00014500": "You must have heard this, the same medicine one doctor gives in Ayurveda and Siddha, the same medicine -", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00022-00014500-00015000": "in one person's hands, it works very well; in another person's hands, it doesn't work well.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00023-00015000-00015513": "Because the person who gives it is as important as the medicine.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00024-00015513-00015932": "Because it's not working just by its chemical composition.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00025-00015932-00016378": "The entire allopathic system is working out of chemical composition.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00026-00016378-00017290": "Anyway, there is a danger that another next twenty-five years, all medical colleges may have to close down.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00027-00017290-00017982": "Because artificial intelligence will make diagnoses by itself and treat you by itself.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00028-00017982-00018490": "Surgeries are all happening.  Now, robotic surgeries are happening.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00029-00018490-00018842": "Still human beings are needed because machines need to be upgraded.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00030-00018842-00019346": "But in twenty-five years time,  even today in United States,", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00031-00019346-00019796": "I know doctors. I saw a doctor who I know very well.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00032-00019796-00020510": "He's carrying an old Blackberry, the first model that came which is that thick and a huge capability.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00033-00020510-00020974": "Every time any patient whatever, he just goes there into his Blackberry.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00034-00020974-00021310": "I said, “What are you looking in the phone and treating people?”", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00035-00021310-00022128": "He said, “No Sadhguru, the entire... all my textbooks are here, in this phone. I'm just looking and telling them.”", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00036-00022128-00022824": "So, if you can look, the phone can become smart enough now that it will tell by itself.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00037-00022824-00023962": "If you just tell the symptoms to Alexa, she will tell you what you should do (Applauds).", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00038-00023962-00024618": "So, this form of symptomatic treatment may become irrelevant after some time", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00039-00024618-00025127": "because you are just gathering data and processing it and giving an answer.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00040-00025127-00025500": "This a machine will be able to do better than any human being", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00041-00025500-00026139": "because it can process much faster and much better, not miss anything.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00042-00026141-00027050": "So it is time the young doctors who are coming up now should focus on how you should be able to look beyond the symptoms.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00043-00027050-00027482": "This is what Ayurveda and Siddha is significant about.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00044-00027482-00028152": "There was a yogi with whom I volunteered for some time for his medical camps that he used to have.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00045-00028152-00028414": "It was like a festival, okay?", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00046-00028414-00028989": "For everybody who comes to him, he has a joke to tell them and it goes on like a festival.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00047-00028989-00029239": "Simply something he will give and people are cured.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00048-00029239-00030108": "Thousands of people will queue up for him every day. And he himself lived to be one-knot-six.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00049-00030108-00030658": "See, if somebody lives for hundred-and-six years of age, not in a geriatric state;", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00050-00030658-00031564": "fully active till the last day of his life, he must know something about health, isn’t it? Hello?", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00051-00031564-00032238": "My great-grandmother lived to be one-one-three, hundred-and-thirteen years’ of age.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00052-00032238-00032622": "I will tell you. This may sound absurd to you.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00053-00032622-00033310": "But you must listen to this because if you're not open, there'll be no new learning.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00054-00033310-00033888": "Well, I saw her only after she is hundred. But she was still very active.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00055-00033888-00034183": "She was living all by herself in a open field.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00056-00034183-00034611": "She built a small temple for herself. Not for god; for herself.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00057-00034611-00035038": "She built a temple and she sat in it.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00058-00035038-00035460": "Because she felt she deserves a temple (Sadhguru Laughs).", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00059-00035460-00035906": "This is very common in India, especially women older women, built small temples.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00060-00035907-00036333": "They sat there and they served humanity in a different way, in their own way.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00061-00036333-00036712": "So when we went there for vacations and all, she would come home.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00062-00036712-00037702": "If you give her breakfast, she will take this and put it to the ants, to the squirrel, to the sparrows, everything.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00063-00037702-00037937": "Most of the breakfast is gone like this.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00064-00037937-00038467": "There are self-appointed advisers who look at this and say, “You old woman! You don't eat anything, you will die.”", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00065-00038467-00039314": "They all died (Laughs & Applauds).", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00066-00039314-00039944": "And she will simply sit there looking at the sparrows and ants eating.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00067-00039944-00040530": "Simply tears would be rolling from her eyes. And when somebody said, “You have not eaten.”", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00068-00040530-00040846": "She said, “I’m full!”.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00069-00040846-00041256": "I thought she was very emotional about the ants because I was four-five years of age.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00070-00041256-00041892": "I was going stamping the ants, chut, chut, chut... The best thing is she never stopped me.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00071-00041892-00042427": "She never said don't do that, she knew she's doing what she has to do for the ants,", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00072-00042427-00043188": "ants are doing what they should do for their life, I am as a child doing what I have to do as a child (Sadhguru Laugh).", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00073-00043188-00043634": "When I sometimes saw her like this and I asked, “What is this happening to you?”", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00074-00043634-00044088": "She would just laugh loudly and she would say, “Someday you will know.”", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00075-00044088-00044417": "It took me over twenty-five years to know this,", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00076-00044417-00045042": "that your life is not nourished hundred percent by the food that you consume and things that you do.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00077-00045042-00045516": "Life is a bigger phenomena than what you think in your head; much larger.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00078-00045516-00045944": "Before you came, this cosmos was there. Everything was working.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00079-00045944-00046323": "After you and me are gone still it’ll be fine, isn't it?", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00080-00046323-00046808": "There is an intelligence beyond you. Don't immediately quantify it as God, this, that", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00081-00046808-00047176": "Because you're making a conclusion about things that you do not know.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00082-00047176-00047512": "If you stay here. This is very important.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00083-00047512-00048490": "If you live here, clearly knowing you don't know a damn thing  about anything, your intelligence will remain alert to everything.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00084-00048490-00048996": "But you make conclusions; reading a book, listening to this and that nonsense.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00085-00048996-00049224": "You say, “I know this,” “I know that,” “I know that.”", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00086-00049224-00049600": "The moment you identify with your knowledge you will become very small.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00087-00049600-00050328": "Because it doesn't matter how much you know still, what you know is a minuscule in this existence, isn't it?", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00088-00050328-00050689": "But our ignorance is boundless.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00089-00050689-00050958": "This is called as the “intelligence of ignorance.”", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00090-00050958-00051567": "If you always know that you do not know, your intelligence will remain super-alert,", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00091-00051567-00052255": "whether your body is awake or asleep, it will remain super-alert. This is what a doctor must do.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00092-00052255-00052607": "Because, I'm sorry to say such things.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00093-00052607-00052941": "You may know medicine; you might have read all the books in the world;", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00094-00052941-00053744": "you might have treated many patients but still, everything seems to be perfect, somebody will die in your hands.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00095-00053744-00054066": "Everything looks like he's going to die, he will sit up tomorrow morning.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00096-00054066-00054310": "You will see this happening. Yes or no?", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00097-00054310-00054410": "Participants: Yes.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00098-00054410-00055002": "Sadhguru: So there is intelligence beyond you and me. There's an intelligence which makes us happen.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00099-00055002-00055378": "There's an intelligence which can make a mango into human being.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00100-00055378-00055654": "If you don't allow that to function within you,", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00101-00055654-00056156": "if you think everything is in your head, you will become a dumb doctor.", "6VgE8ytAKZQ-00102-00056156-00056667": "You must allow the deeper intelligence within you to function."}}, {"audio_id": "6VD3qb4Iagy", "text": {"6VD3qb4Iagy-00000-00005207-00006527": "young way too much fun dance to our song dance to the Vice", "6VD3qb4Iagy-00001-00008923-00009799": "it's too late now I remember every", "6VD3qb4Iagy-00002-00009836-00010302": "and how careless", "6VD3qb4Iagy-00003-00015259-00019006": "no way no way we live for today so bold let's forget old squirrel what", "6VD3qb4Iagy-00004-00019006-00019401": "were told we can't be controlled", "6VD3qb4Iagy-00005-00021720-00022601": "it's too they now I remember every", "6VD3qb4Iagy-00006-00022637-00023671": "and how careless careless", "6VD3qb4Iagy-00007-00025602-00026625": "be", "6VD3qb4Iagy-00008-00028758-00029700": "me tell care we could be"}}, {"audio_id": "6VJ3OoE4r-E", "text": {"6VJ3OoE4r-E-00000-00000000-00002052": "Welcome to Copyright Basics for Open Educational Resource Repositories presented by UBC Library and Copyright at UBC. Copyright basics is the first in a", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00001-00002052-00002301": "series of five videos.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00002-00002301-00002761": "The purpose of this video is to introduce you to the basics of copyright.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00003-00002761-00003346": "In the slides that follow we will discuss: One, what copyright is and what it", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00004-00003346-00003993": "protects; Two, the rights of copyright owners; and Three, user rights which are", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00005-00003993-00004480": "exceptions to owners' rights. Copyright law is the responsibility of the federal", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00006-00004480-00005030": "government and the law is housed in the Copyright Act. The Act attempts to balance the", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00007-00005030-00005509": "interests of creators with those of users of copyrighted works. The rights of", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00008-00005509-00005939": "creators, known as authors in the Act, are set out in the opening sections of the Act.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00009-00005939-00006426": "These sections are followed by sections which are legally termed exceptions but are", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00010-00006426-00006889": "popularly known as user rights. The best known of the user rights is fair dealing", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00011-00006889-00007258": "and it and other user rights will be discussed later in this presentation.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00012-00007258-00007853": "The Copyright Act gives rights to creators over their works. Creators can", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00013-00007853-00008397": "subsequently assign any of those rights to another body like a publisher or record", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00014-00008397-00008897": "company which then becomes the owner of the assigned rights. In the course of", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00015-00008897-00009328": "this presentation the expressions 'creator rights' and 'owner rights' will be used", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00016-00009328-00009817": "interchangeably, but is important to remember that in most instances the Creator of a work", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00017-00009817-00010402": "is the first owner  of copyright. Where the creator of a work is employed by another body such", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00018-00010402-00010932": "as a business or a University, the copyright in that work is owned by the employer, in the", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00019-00010932-00011232": "absence of any contractual language to the contrary.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00020-00011322-00011839": "UBC faculty members, for example, own copyright in their created teaching materials even", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00021-00011839-00012272": "though they are employed by the University. When questions arise about the", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00022-00012272-00012699": "appropriate use of copyright-protected works, is the owner of the copyright who", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00023-00012699-00012885": "seeks to safeguard the copyright.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00024-00012885-00013479": "Original expression combines two concepts: copyright protects every", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00025-00013479-00013997": "original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic work. The idea of originality", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00026-00013997-00014494": "has a specific meaning in copyright: it starts with the concept that the work must", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00027-00014494-00015144": "be original to the author and not simply copy of another's work. To qualify as original, a creator", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00028-00015144-00015513": "must exhibit some amount of skill and judgment, itself the product of an", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00029-00015513-00015893": "intellectual effort in the final work, to quote the Supreme Court of Canada.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00030-00015893-00016476": "Expression in the context of copyright means that the original work has some", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00031-00016476-00016994": "concrete form or product. This is referred to as fixation of the work. The", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00032-00016994-00017728": "slide provides examples of such work products, but is not an exhaustive list. The key", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00033-00017728-00018233": "thing to keep in mind is not the idea or concept that is embodied in the work", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00034-00018233-00018904": "need not be unique; Rather, the expression of the idea is the key to originality where", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00035-00018904-00019577": "an author has expressed an idea anew, to quote one authority. While copyright is certainly", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00036-00019577-00019946": "the right to copy it also includes several other rights such as the right", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00037-00019946-00020467": "to produce, reproduce, perform, to communicate, publish, adapt, or translate", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00038-00020467-00020916": "the work. It is worth noting that in many cases a creator will assign these rights", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00039-00020916-00021350": "to someone else if, for example, they want to publish their work with a publishing", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00040-00021350-00021650": "house, or if they want their work translated into another language.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00041-00021757-00022115": "Particularly in the academic context, it is common for authors to assign their", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00042-00022115-00022662": "copyright to a publisher on the signing of a publication agreement. It should be noted", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00043-00022662-00023100": "that copyright protects the work or any substantial part of it. When a user wants", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00044-00023100-00023512": "to copy or otherwise use an insubstantial  part of the work, that part", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00045-00023512-00023679": "is not protected by copyright.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00046-00023679-00024141": "Determining what constitutes a substantial part of the work requires", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00047-00024141-00024722": "both a quantitative and qualitative analysis. It is a popular myth that a work", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00048-00024722-00025130": "is not copyrighted until it has the copyright symbol prominently displayed", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00049-00025130-00025389": "on it. This is not the case:", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00050-00025389-00025832": "once a work is fixed in an expression it automatically enjoys copyright.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00051-00025832-00026388": "A second popular myth is that a creator or owner of copyright must register his work", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00052-00026388-00026856": "with a public body like the Copyright Board of Canada: this too is false.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00053-00026856-00027333": "There are reasons to register one's work with such a body, especially where an", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00054-00027333-00027653": "owner wishes to take someone who has used his work without permission to", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00055-00027653-00028212": "court. In such cases registration may serve to prove ownership. The term of", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00056-00028212-00028577": "copyright protection in Canada is usually the life of the author plus", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00057-00028577-00029083": "fifty years. There are variations on this term depending on the types of works it", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00058-00029083-00029593": "is applied to: for example, copyright in sound recordings lasts for seventy years", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00059-00029593-00030033": "from the first publication of the work, or one hundred years from the first fixation of", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00060-00030033-00030606": "the work. Terms of copyright protection vary according to jurisdictions: In the", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00061-00030606-00030996": "United States for example the term of copyright is life of the author plus 70", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00062-00030996-00031681": "years the same is true in countries that are members of the European Union. All of", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00063-00031681-00032058": "the rights encompassed under copyright are the sole rights of the copyright owner.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00064-00032058-00032483": "Any user who does something that only the copyright owner is entitled to do", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00065-00032483-00033025": "without permission is infringing copyright. We earlier mentioned user rights;", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00066-00033025-00033471": "as noted then, user rates are called exceptions to infringement in the", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00067-00033471-00033908": "Copyright Act because otherwise the uses made would be considered infringement.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00068-00033908-00034441": "Copyright infringement can result in civil or criminal penalties, the payment", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00069-00034441-00034686": "of damages, fines etc., although", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00070-00034686-00035006": "serious penalties are usually reserved for piracy for-profit", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00071-00035006-00035506": "activities and recent changes to the Copyright Act have limited damages of", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00072-00035506-00036033": "$5,000 for all non-commercial infringements. Usually the party who", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00073-00036033-00036380": "commits infringement is held liable although it is important to remember", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00074-00036380-00036865": "that willful ignorance is not a defense. For example, if you download a YouTube", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00075-00036865-00037243": "clip of a movie that has obviously been placed there as a result of an", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00076-00037243-00037831": "infringement you can still be liable. Copyright does not apply to all", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00077-00037831-00038350": "intellectual property: in general it does not protect factual information, titles", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00078-00038350-00038679": "of works, short word combinations, names,", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00079-00038679-00039301": "characters, slogans, themes, plots or ideas. There are instances however, where", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00080-00039301-00039771": "copying essential elements of the plot characters and themes lead to a finding", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00081-00039771-00040305": "of infringement. While many of these non- copyrightable terms are easily", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00082-00040305-00040817": "understood let's take a minute to examine the expression, 'ideas'. It is not", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00083-00040817-00041514": "possible to copyright an idea, even one that is spoken, if it is not fixed. Once fixed in", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00084-00041514-00042192": "a material form, an idea becomes the expression of an idea and that is copyrightable. In", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00085-00042192-00042728": "copyright talk this is referred to as the idea expression dichotomy. It is", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00086-00042728-00043062": "important to note that while these outputs are not protected by copyright,", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00087-00043062-00043451": "they may still be protected by other forms of intellectual property such as", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00088-00043451-00044026": "trade mark. Finally, as previously mentioned, any work that has entered into", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00089-00044026-00044373": "the public domain after copyright has expired", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00090-00044373-00044874": "is no longer protected by copyright and may be copied freely. Occasionally", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00091-00044874-00045174": "creators may also bequeath their work to the public domain", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00092-00045230-00045668": "prior to the expiration of their copyright. The US federal government for example", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00093-00045668-00045997": "passes all of their published works into the public domain", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00094-00046057-00046783": "upon publication. While copyright is meant to protect creators and their works, it", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00095-00046783-00047212": "also seeks to balance creator rights with user rights. Fair dealing is the", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00096-00047212-00047685": "heart of what are known as user rights in copyright. It is formally known as an", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00097-00047685-00048336": "exception to copyright. In the US the concept is known as fair use. Fair dealing means", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00098-00048336-00048815": "that in spite of such a use being illegal in other circumstances, the use is legal", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00099-00048815-00049115": "when it meets the requirements of fair dealing.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00100-00049169-00049563": "To employ a fair dealing to a copying activity you must find a purpose for", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00101-00049563-00049944": "that copying that corresponds to one of the purposes set out in the law.", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00102-00049944-00050664": "These are: research; private study; education; parody and satire. A second set", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00103-00050664-00050858": "of exceptions are confined to criticism", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00104-00050858-00051529": "and review, while a third set relies upon news reporting. Like many other things the", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00105-00051529-00051988": "Copyright Act, there is no definition of what constitutes a fair dealing or when", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00106-00051988-00052405": "a fair dealing is attained. Findings of fair dealings are determined in the", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00107-00052405-00052904": "particular context of the copying use. What  may be considered fair in one instance", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00108-00052904-00053457": "may not be fair in a similar but not exactly the same other instance. For more information", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00109-00053457-00053889": "concerning fair dealing at UBC please refer to the UBC copyright websites", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00110-00053889-00054327": "fair dealing requirements for UBC faculty and staff and fair dealing in", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00111-00054327-00054829": "practice guides. Educational exceptions to infringement are another set of user", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00112-00054829-00055175": "rights. They permit use of material in the classroom that would", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00113-00055175-00055739": "otherwise not be permissible. Their application in an open environment is", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00114-00055739-00056170": "severely limited because they can only be used where the presentation of the", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00115-00056170-00056248": "content", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00116-00056248-00056741": "takes place within the premises of an educational institution. Were part of", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00117-00056741-00057202": "the OERR restricted to enrolled students and a UBC course the content", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00118-00057202-00057626": "could be use provided the other restrictions including a legitimate copy", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00119-00057626-00057988": "of the work is being used, there was no breaking of a technological protection", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00120-00057988-00058392": "measures to get access to it and the object or the site from which it has", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00121-00058392-00058876": "taken did not make a positive statement prohibiting the use are observed. Where", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00122-00058876-00059077": "the content will be widely available", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00123-00059077-00059567": "exception loses its force. This has been one in a series of interrelated videos", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00124-00059567-00060066": "on copyright and Open Educational Resource Repositories presented by UBC", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00125-00060066-00060604": "Library and Copyright at UBC. For more information please refer to the", "6VJ3OoE4r-E-00126-00060604-00060917": "following Copyright at UBC website resources."}}, {"audio_id": "6VPB6pJOUrE", "text": {"6VPB6pJOUrE-00000-00000008-00000381": "So I remember conversation after conversation me and Ryan would have we used to live two", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00001-00000381-00000535": "doors down from each other.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00002-00000535-00000722": "We're extremely busy doing a lot of different things.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00003-00000722-00001108": "And I'm like, where do we go to meet people like us, like people that are listening to", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00004-00001108-00001465": "podcasts, people that are reading books, people that are starting businesses, people that", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00005-00001465-00001888": "are, you know, trying to become the best version of themselves and are like actively pursuing", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00006-00001888-00002060": "that.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00007-00002060-00002403": "And looking, looking no they're not there, not there.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00008-00002404-00002608": "Finally we're like, screw it, let's just create it.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00009-00002929-00003365": "But what we wanted to do here was create an environment where people could be real, or", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00010-00003365-00003725": "people could be authentic and transparent and have real conversations.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00011-00003725-00004004": "Where you don't have to, you know, be like, Hey, man, how was your day?", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00012-00004004-00004104": "Oh, it was awesome.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00013-00004104-00004310": "What if it sucked?", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00014-00004310-00004623": "Like, you would probably say, it was awesome if we were at some random networking event.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00015-00004623-00004984": "But to be able to say, Man today sucked, because this happened and this happened.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00016-00004984-00005162": "You'll be able to have a real conversation.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00017-00005162-00005328": "Well, you know, tell me about that?", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00018-00005328-00005523": "Do you mind if I give some feedback on that?", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00019-00005523-00005814": "Like, having real conversations about the things that.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00020-00005814-00006177": "Every single person in here is going through something right now.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00021-00006177-00006550": "I love this real recognize real, like people want to connect with real people.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00022-00006550-00006905": "And I think the only way to do that is by being vulnerable.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00023-00006905-00007112": "And by being transparent.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00024-00007112-00007715": "And I think if people realize how much strength there is, and sharing the good, bad and the", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00025-00007715-00008224": "ugly, that they would realize, like that's the only way you can build strong relationships.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00026-00008224-00008472": "And at the end of the day, like relationships are all that matter.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00027-00008472-00008724": "I'm a big Brené Brown fan.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00028-00008724-00009057": "And so vulnerability is a huge part of my life.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00029-00009057-00009481": "Because it's so funny in Daring Greatly, her book, where she talks about, you know, how", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00030-00009481-00009696": "many of you see vulnerability as a form of weakness?", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00031-00009696-00009796": "Everyone raised their hand.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00032-00009796-00010122": "Then said, Well, if somebody came up on stage here and was vulnerable, how many of you would", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00033-00010122-00010222": "say that that person was courageous?", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00034-00010222-00010347": "And everyone raised their hand.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00035-00010347-00010639": "Like, it's one of those interesting dynamics.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00036-00010639-00010927": "We all have stories, we all have struggles, we all have pain.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00037-00010927-00011363": "We're just too freaking terrified to talk about it in public.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00038-00011363-00011762": "We're too freaking terrified to open up and tell you like, Man, I'm struggling in this", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00039-00011762-00012029": "one area, because I think you're going to think less of me.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00040-00012029-00012446": "There's this analogy, my business partner was telling me the story.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00041-00012446-00012775": "He said, he was talking about this situation where he just blew up on this guy.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00042-00012775-00012950": "And he was yelling at him.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00043-00012950-00013231": "And everybody's kind of laughing at the scenario because it's kind of funny how it blew up", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00044-00013231-00013331": "on him.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00045-00013331-00013660": "There's just one super, super wealthy guy in the corner and he wasn't laughing.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00046-00013660-00013993": "And my business partner, Joseph said, you know, why you laughing?", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00047-00013993-00014093": "It's funny.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00048-00014093-00014322": "Funny, when I said to that guy when I blew up.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00049-00014322-00014479": "He's like, it's not funny.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00050-00014479-00014907": "He said, he took this glass and glass was full of water.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00051-00014907-00015215": "And he said, he started shaking the glass like this and water started, like getting", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00052-00015215-00015616": "out a little bit on the table and start shaking a little more and started flying everywhere.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00053-00015616-00015909": "He said, Why did water come out of that glass?", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00054-00015909-00016219": "He's like, obviously, because you shook it.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00055-00016219-00016351": "It's like no.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00056-00016351-00016451": "Wrong.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00057-00016451-00016706": "Water came out of that glass, because water in it.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00058-00016706-00016806": "You blew up on that guy.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00059-00016806-00017145": "And you were angry with that guy, because you had anger inside of you.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00060-00017145-00017756": "And so it's this reality that as we bottle these emotions up, and they do turn into anger,", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00061-00017756-00018515": "that it's going to come out eventually on somebody, a girlfriend, a girlfriend, wife,", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00062-00018515-00018641": "a kid.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00063-00018641-00019488": "And the, the more that we can do to make that happen less.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00064-00019488-00019909": "To make those outbursts make those situations happen less, the better.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00065-00019909-00020318": "The only way I know to do that is by dealing with those emotions when they come.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00066-00020318-00020823": "And to have someone that will, like create that space for you to have that conversation", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00067-00020823-00021006": "to where it's meaningful.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00068-00021006-00021298": "It's where you can genuinely like sense that the other person cares.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00069-00021298-00021687": "And if that conversation didn't happen tonight, you just talked to the wrong people.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00070-00021687-00022109": "But those people are here, like they are 100% here.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00071-00022109-00022537": "And it takes us you know, from up here being transparent ourselves and a lot of these Q", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00072-00022537-00023009": "and A's like we've talked a lot about our stories, and it creates that first you being", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00073-00023009-00023181": "vulnerable to somebody else.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00074-00023181-00023559": "Like like, Hey, man, let me tell you about this thing I'm going through, to then them", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00075-00023559-00023984": "who is going through something very similar or going through something equally as difficult", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00076-00023984-00024242": "to have the audacity to be like, I', going through something, too.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00077-00024242-00024384": "Let me tell you about that.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00078-00024384-00024526": "And all sudden it goes deeper.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00079-00024526-00024780": "You have a real conversation and then you leave at the end of the night.", "6VPB6pJOUrE-00080-00024780-00024871": "You're like man, that was awesome."}}, {"audio_id": "6VWQ1DSLbiQ", "text": {"6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00000-00000000-00000327": "so a lot of people always ask me to question how do you get your shoes for", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00001-00000327-00000803": "retail bra I mean this is insane like I never get lucky I always I'm struggling", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00002-00000803-00001161": "today I got you I'm gonna tell you about all the steps that I take on how I get", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00003-00001161-00001619": "don't choose for retail even regular tops whatever it may be so go ahead take", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00004-00001619-00002421": "some notes sit back relax let's get into this video welcome back to the channel", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00005-00002421-00002744": "what's up with you guys how you doing how you're being if you did not know by", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00006-00002744-00003300": "now my name is DJ in this is the DNA show you haven't already go ahead and", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00007-00003300-00003714": "hit that subscribe button brah you don't watch a couple videos already you seen", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00008-00003714-00004061": "my face before and you still ain't hit the subscribe button come on brah", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00009-00004061-00004416": "smash the button join the family drop a comment down below let me know that you", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00010-00004416-00004746": "are now new to the family if this is your first time seeing a video was", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00011-00004746-00005087": "something you don't win so let's go ahead and get into this video brah I am", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00012-00005087-00005562": "excited to talk about this topic just because I know not just me but each and", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00013-00005562-00005943": "every one of us sneaker heads out there in this world of the sneaker Kingdom we", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00014-00005943-00006321": "all trying to get our shoes for retail or under retail or whatever it may be so", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00015-00006321-00006606": "I'm going to talk about how to get your shoes for retail today alright step", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00016-00006606-00006963": "number one now this one is very very important now the reason why I say this", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00017-00006963-00007353": "one is so so important because to me I feel like it's all about who you know", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00018-00007353-00007829": "and how you can get things and why I say that is because you got a network if you", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00019-00007829-00008204": "don't network when you're trying to be a sneaker head it's just gonna be so much", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00020-00008204-00008592": "harder if you know more people if you know owners of shops if you know people", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00021-00008592-00008954": "that's doing private parties special releases any things like that when it", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00022-00008954-00009396": "comes to these rare drops not sure take it in sometimes you never know who it is", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00023-00009396-00009872": "that has the plug on what or whatever it is but nine times out of ten if they're", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00024-00009872-00010254": "interested in sneakers I guarantee you they probably know somebody that might", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00025-00010254-00010659": "know somebody that knows somebody that one day down the road they're able to", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00026-00010659-00011010": "get that random rare shoe that they didn't want and you now want and the", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00027-00011010-00011361": "reason why I'm saying build your network is not just to use people but also to", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00028-00011361-00011696": "create lifelong friendships you never know you might come across something", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00029-00011696-00012135": "like I'm a size 13 say I came across something size 11 and I'm like hey I", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00030-00012135-00012477": "know the homie that might want this shoe so I could slide it to him and he could", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00031-00012477-00012725": "get the plug on it because it just wasn't for me", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00032-00012725-00013080": "now I know we all want to get these rare choose for herself but sometimes it", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00033-00013080-00013370": "might be better just to plug the homie because you never know they might be", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00034-00013370-00013668": "able to plug you down the road as well and the next thing you know you getting", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00035-00013668-00013973": "that other rare shoe that you want it and you couldn't get it and they got it", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00036-00013973-00014304": "you know what I'm saying you get the memo let's take it a step number two", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00037-00014304-00014762": "this one pertains to educating yourself and understanding what's going on around", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00038-00014762-00015341": "you and that is finding release news and how do you do those things first thing", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00039-00015341-00015731": "I'm gonna say is go to social media platforms so that's gonna be places like", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00040-00015731-00016218": "YouTube Instagram Twitter things like that when you find different people like", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00041-00016218-00016607": "me on YouTube or somebody else that has information for you that they can give", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00042-00016607-00016872": "to you about where to get stuff for how to get it all these different things", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00043-00016872-00017292": "take advantage of those platforms dive into different links that you see on", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00044-00017292-00017694": "Twitter and find feeds and places to follow and things like that I'm gonna", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00045-00017694-00018084": "link different things down below in the description on channels that you should", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00046-00018084-00018393": "be following and instagrams and Twitter's and all those different things", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00047-00018393-00018825": "so that way you can get more information from those places and they'll be", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00048-00018825-00019145": "dropping more stuff for you so that way they can send you a direct link or", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00049-00019145-00019497": "whatever it is hey this shoes dropping on this day or this date got pushed back", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00050-00019497-00019815": "these are now gonna be coming out here or this is the store that they drop out", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00051-00019815-00020175": "or whatever maybe make sure you take advantage of those locations and then", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00052-00020175-00020501": "you want to go to sneaker blogs I'll have this list of sneaker blogs", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00053-00020501-00020876": "down below as well and what I mean by sneaker blogs is they're gonna pertain", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00054-00020876-00021315": "specifically towards sneakers and blogging about the topic whenever a new", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00055-00021315-00021651": "shoe is premiered to the public nine times out of ten the sneaker bugs are", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00056-00021651-00021981": "gonna get the information first they're gonna take the photos they're gonna find", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00057-00021981-00022307": "any leaked photos and they're gonna post pictures about it say hey this you might", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00058-00022307-00022668": "be coming out in the summertime whatever may be and when the summertime comes", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00059-00022668-00022965": "around nine times out of ten they're probably gonna already have that release", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00060-00022965-00023435": "information say hey this shoe releases on July 14th and go here for this", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00061-00023435-00023879": "information and click on this link to go to this store to enter this raffle and", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00062-00023879-00024260": "all these different things unfortunately it's not just easy to be like oh I'm not", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00063-00024260-00024675": "to go caption shoes for retail that's my number one method honestly of keeping", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00064-00024675-00025044": "track of just what's going on there's so many releases brands and all these", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00065-00025044-00025313": "different traps everything's been kind of on hold with", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00066-00025313-00025634": "what's happening right now but I guarantee you with all these release", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00067-00025634-00025982": "dates getting pushback there's gonna be a lot of stuff dropping and there's", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00068-00025982-00026206": "gonna be a lot of dough that people want to go up so make sure", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00069-00026206-00026575": "that you stay tuned for that stuff at understanding hey this release date was", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00070-00026575-00026983": "then and now it's now so how can I get it step number three now this one right", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00071-00026983-00027433": "here is the direct-to-consumer right we understand we just did our research we", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00072-00027433-00027763": "know where all the stores are that are going to be getting the shoe we made our", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00073-00027763-00028081": "phone calls we've done everything that we needed to do and now we want to go to", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00074-00028081-00028522": "the big headed monsters who's gonna have the most pairs where they most easily", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00075-00028522-00028969": "accessible those are the factors you want to come to next so when it comes to", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00076-00028969-00029391": "that who has the most pairs and who's going where Nike and Adidas Jordan Brand", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00077-00029391-00029697": "easy whatever you want to call it they fall under two different arm brothers", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00078-00029697-00030145": "but let's start with Nike first so everybody knows Nike has what sneakers F", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00079-00030145-00030499": "if you haven't already download that out that's where you can get the latest and", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00080-00030499-00030976": "greatest it's a very hard time sometimes on the very limited drops they do", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00081-00030976-00031302": "raffles instead of first-come first-serve a lot of people have", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00082-00031302-00031638": "different emotions when it comes to sneakers app I'm probably assuming the", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00083-00031638-00032056": "same thing with easy supply we'll talk about that in a second but we could talk", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00084-00032056-00032332": "more about sneakers out in another video I'm not gonna break down the whole", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00085-00032332-00032632": "checkout process and the fastest way of doing all that if you doesn't want that", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00086-00032632-00033052": "drop a comment down below let me know if you guys want that but stand on topic we", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00087-00033052-00033834": "have Nike sneakers at Nike calm down our scene at the store so then you have to", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00088-00033834-00034249": "go to the store and figure out hey what is the Nike store doing what you got a", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00089-00034249-00034566": "call in a wouldn't you know you guys doing around floor you guys know first", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00090-00034566-00034978": "cup served I need to come a week early every store every city has different", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00091-00034978-00035431": "rules so the best thing I can say is call up your stores locally and", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00092-00035431-00035866": "understanding where can you get it if you have no stores in your seat your", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00093-00035866-00036288": "best bet is gonna be online or a friend that you know that lives in a city that", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00094-00036288-00036745": "does have a store and that comes back to step number one with networking because", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00095-00036745-00037038": "if you have a friend that doesn't want the shoe call them up and be like hey", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00096-00037038-00037396": "bruh I need you to pick up this shoe for me all I'm saying is you can definitely", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00097-00037396-00037696": "call up a couple of homies in different cities because sometimes I gotta call", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00098-00037696-00038022": "the homie in LA and be like hey bro I need you to slide over there and snag", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00099-00038022-00038368": "that for me because I know it's only out in LA I'm in Portland right now which is", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00100-00038368-00038778": "a whole nother topic but sometimes you got to do that but let's take it to the", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00101-00038778-00039374": "adidas topic now Yeezy supply everybody Easy's everybody loves Jeezy's as you", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00102-00039374-00039758": "know on this channel you don't see Easy's that often on this channel just", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00103-00039758-00040253": "because i'm not a fan of them like that do I got the answers man you only got", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00104-00040253-00040676": "the answers on you and you ain't got the edges you already got the answers swag", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00105-00040676-00041210": "all that extra stuff I like Nikes that's me I don't like it either zizi's it is", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00106-00041210-00041636": "what it is that's where I'm at but anyways on another topic I'm getting off", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00107-00041636-00041897": "topic because I already know I gotta explain myself because people is just", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00108-00041897-00042383": "gonna be mad that I don't like to where I did is easy but anyways easy supply is", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00109-00042383-00042902": "at a website that you can go and get easy from obviously adidas comm those", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00110-00042902-00043304": "are some other options a lot of people want to get the more limited stuff so", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00111-00043304-00043715": "they go for easy supply and again you always need to be on places like Twitter", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00112-00043715-00043961": "in different places like that to see where other people are dropping", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00113-00043961-00044573": "information whatever it is that's going on keep your ear to the streets I", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00114-00044573-00044849": "understand what's going on around you because you don't want to be the one", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00115-00044849-00045143": "where you get on Instagram thirty minutes too late just randomly", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00116-00045143-00045449": "not paying attention to your phone and then you look at everyone's like oh I", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00117-00045449-00045848": "just got the shoes and you're like damn right I missed out I didn't even know", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00118-00045848-00046082": "you don't want to do that keep asking questions", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00119-00046082-00046565": "keep talking to people keep looking for answers so within that same category of", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00120-00046565-00046940": "all this stuff it comes to apps in different places where you can enter", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00121-00046940-00047282": "into raffles through our app or a website and different places like the", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00122-00047282-00047666": "Flex app which is done by Foot Locker in different places like that so I'm gonna", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00123-00047666-00048083": "have links to different apps as well and information for those but you really", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00124-00048083-00048410": "want to dive into the apps and take your chances because sometimes you might be", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00125-00048410-00048728": "able to enter a raffle on an app and be able to go pick them up from your local", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00126-00048728-00049106": "shop that's how you know at the mall or whatever why not try if you're trying to", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00127-00049106-00049508": "get shoes you might want to try the worst thing you could do is download the", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00128-00049508-00050051": "apps and not at least try it's free to try it doesn't hurt you to enter a", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00129-00050051-00050501": "raffle right so go ahead and enter the raffles for your local shops and don't", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00130-00050501-00050864": "be always complaining I never win the raffle I never win your avila well", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00131-00050864-00051275": "you're definitely not gonna win if you don't enter so at least just try it's", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00132-00051275-00051691": "not gonna hurt you that's not your only option I guarantee you right now there's", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00133-00051691-00052079": "no way you can just try one Avenue to get a pair of shoes for retail and", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00134-00052079-00052475": "expect it to work every single I get a lot of shoes for a retailer", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00135-00052475-00052814": "under retail and I have not got every single one of my pair of shoes from the", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00136-00052814-00053132": "same direct source they always have to come from different ways and different", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00137-00053132-00053429": "people and different stores and different you always got a network you", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00138-00053429-00053855": "always gotta get stuff from different way so be open-minded understand hey you", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00139-00053855-00054242": "can't win them all but you definitely got to try another big thing is when it", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00140-00054242-00054669": "comes to the Raffles now nine times out of ten the raffles happen at a store and", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00141-00054669-00055157": "then they say you got to pick up the shoes by 1:00 p.m. or 6 p.m. or whatever", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00142-00055157-00055704": "it is you want to go in and get in line at that store or do whatever it is that", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00143-00055704-00056282": "you can if you lost and see if you can wait for that 1 p.m. time slot so just", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00144-00056282-00056666": "in case a raffle winner didn't win you could be that first person to buy", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00145-00056666-00057024": "first-come first-serve right there so you got to check your city and", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00146-00057024-00057416": "understand like what are the rules at my stores how do they function how many", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00147-00057416-00057735": "people are gonna come out for this release everything varies depending on", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00148-00057735-00058106": "the release as well so it's hard to say specifically all you do go loose many", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00149-00058106-00058413": "hours early or whatever it is because I couldn't tell you every city is", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00150-00058413-00058725": "different every shoe is different every release is different these are all", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00151-00058725-00059061": "variable things that are happening when it comes to shoe releases even if you", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00152-00059061-00059330": "get a random size and then try it out for your size sell it to buy another", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00153-00059330-00059675": "pair in your size whatever you got to do that way you at least got the shoe for", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00154-00059675-00060066": "Reta and then you can make moves from there ok step number four now this one", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00155-00060066-00060479": "again I think is I don't know all these steps are very important that's why I'm", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00156-00060479-00060822": "telling you everything but step number four is important to me because I feel", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00157-00060822-00061272": "like as you increase your odds you have a higher chance right because that's", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00158-00061272-00061754": "just kind of like anything right so what I'm saying is increase your odds ask", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00159-00061754-00062201": "people around you that are willing to help you people that are willing to also", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00160-00062201-00062679": "wake up at 7 a.m. or 11 a.m. or whatever time it is in your city to jump on", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00161-00062679-00063002": "sneakers app or try to buy them on this website or whatever it is enter this", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00162-00063002-00063338": "raffle for me and go pick them up and I'll pay you whatever it is get more", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00163-00063338-00063758": "people to help you out the bigger net of people that you have around you that's", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00164-00063758-00064154": "willing to help you out brah I'm telling you right now it's gonna be a crazy", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00165-00064154-00064497": "thing that's how I got to pierrat Travis Scott once for retail office sneakers at", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00166-00064497-00064955": "because I had three people try and two of us hit and it was funny because I", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00167-00064955-00065286": "hate and I was like bill yeah let's go I got him", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00168-00065286-00065492": "and I just got another text right after that", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00169-00065492-00065963": "and it's like screenshot coddled by my brother I got two pair this is crazy", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00170-00065963-00066419": "I feel like Nellie for a minute gig stop it and sometimes you don't win at all", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00171-00066419-00066776": "even with all the people but sometimes you might strike and get you know two or", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00172-00066776-00067094": "three or whatever it is and get multiples and be like damn bro I really", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00173-00067094-00067550": "just came up so I know that was a lot of information to take in I know there's a", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00174-00067550-00067956": "lot of things to talk about and I can't touch each and every store in each and", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00175-00067956-00068304": "every shop but if you have specific questions to any of those things that I", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00176-00068304-00068657": "broke down other those four topics go ahead and ask me down below and then", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00177-00068657-00069006": "I'll try to get a more in-depth video that way we can have more information", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00178-00069006-00069366": "for you guys as well and again I'm gonna drop as much as I can down below in the", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00179-00069366-00069695": "description so you guys can do your research find places to get more", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00180-00069695-00070187": "information and things like that I hope this was helpful again I really want you", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00181-00070187-00070475": "guys to get shoes for retail and get them for that great price that you're", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00182-00070475-00070824": "always trying to get them for because I understand how the game goes breath I've", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00183-00070824-00071286": "been doing this for a long time over 10 what 12 14 years now or something like", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00184-00071286-00071637": "that I've been doing it for a long time I understand how it goes I've seen the", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00185-00071637-00072063": "evolution of sneaker collecting and how to buy shoes it used to be you didn't", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00186-00072063-00072488": "even need to camp out you could just go buy the shoe and then it was like", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00187-00072488-00072851": "first-come first-serve and then it was like oh you could buy six pairs and then", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00188-00072851-00073137": "I was like oh you could only get two pairs then it was like damn I ain't even", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00189-00073137-00073449": "gonna be able to get a pair now it's like these raffle as long as I", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00190-00073449-00073941": "understand bruh I feel you on this whole system and how everything works because", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00191-00073941-00074313": "I'm telling you right now the more hands in the higher chances you're gonna have", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00192-00074313-00074718": "to get that shoe that you own so with that being said my name is DJ don't", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00193-00074718-00075179": "forget to Like comment share and subscribe you already know what it is I", "6VWQ1DSLbiQ-00194-00075179-00077720": "gotta go I'm signing out I'm going peace"}}, {"audio_id": "6VWUg1BQXCI", "text": {"6VWUg1BQXCI-00000-00000053-00000375": "Let me tell you a story about pedestrian traffic.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00001-00000375-00000679": "The human person is a creature of reduction.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00002-00000679-00001044": "One part is curiosity about what stressors can be reduced.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00003-00001044-00001557": "That's why we have traffic lights, and motor vehicles, and the convenience of highways.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00004-00001557-00001868": "That's why pedestrians have right of way.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00005-00001868-00002185": "One part of that reduction, though, is our sicker side.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00006-00002185-00002643": "Shadenfreude is a word that means the human desire to be cruel.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00007-00002643-00003259": "Cruelty solves one problem very quickly, and thats the problem of added personalities.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00008-00003259-00003595": "The problem gets solved, but not very well.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00009-00003595-00004017": "It's certainly an inspiration for showing your work.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00010-00004017-00004343": "The fabrics of civilizations do deteriorate.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00011-00004343-00004682": "The imagination supplies us with what-if questions.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00012-00004682-00005200": "The oversights of generalists will often miss someone who falls through their cracks.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00013-00005200-00005492": "There are often simmering problems from the dawn of time.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00014-00005492-00006130": "And when circumstances call for self-defense, extremists become radicalized.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00015-00006130-00006276": "Defend yourself.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00016-00006276-00006458": "Be kind to pedestrians.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00017-00006458-00006868": "Be kind to cyclists.", "6VWUg1BQXCI-00018-00006868-00007106": "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure."}}, {"audio_id": "6W5drPJudkY", "text": {"6W5drPJudkY-00000-00000000-00021200": "🌟 🇺🇸 Kikimora 🐸 Costume Animator — Shop GrandStart.ru 🌟"}}, {"audio_id": "6W9zvWFEbUy", "text": {"6W9zvWFEbUy-00000-00000044-00000128": "Youhoo", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00001-00000206-00000344": "Show us your jeans", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00002-00000358-00000459": "Yeah - Yeah", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00003-00000470-00000546": "You got it", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00004-00000546-00000650": "Ha, ha, ha, ha, ha", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00005-00000694-00000858": "Alex, which instrument do you play?", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00006-00000869-00000994": "Ha, ha, ha, ha, ha", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00007-00009714-00009866": "And live again", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00008-00009866-00010298": "This time with Alex from CeltCast.com", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00009-00010304-00010400": "Yes - Welcome!", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00010-00010424-00010496": "Thank you!", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00011-00010496-00010768": "This is the first time that I'm interviewing him", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00012-00010768-00011110": "Because normally I'm guest at his celtcast", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00013-00011120-00011526": "And he's interviewing me and he is doing  a lot of celt-casts on many festivals you know", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00014-00011540-00011980": "And I'm curious to know who of the  followers of Rapalje actually knows me", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00015-00012006-00012158": "Or Celtcast.com", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00016-00012158-00012454": "It's a live-streaming platform at many festival like", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00017-00012458-00012698": "Zomerfolk. You just saw in the video", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00018-00012698-00012863": "Where we swapped our T-shirt", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00019-00012863-00013022": "Yes - And at Keltfest", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00020-00013030-00013132": "Castlefest", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00021-00013212-00013294": "Elfia", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00022-00013294-00013440": "Yeah, you name it. We're there", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00023-00013454-00013616": "Festival mediaval in Selb", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00024-00013626-00013740": "Yeah - Of course", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00025-00013740-00014094": "This year, we're also going to the UK for the first time:", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00026-00014100-00014204": "Fantasy Forest", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00027-00014204-00014274": "Great, yeah", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00028-00014290-00014568": "And we've been at Yggdrasil, in the past", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00029-00014568-00014980": "Avalon, that's where Arjen, my partner  from the radiostation goes to", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00030-00015116-00015346": "And most festivals also where Rapalje is", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00031-00015346-00015534": "So we know each other for a long time", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00032-00015534-00015584": "already", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00033-00015584-00015822": "Actually, the first time I saw you perform - Yeah", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00034-00015836-00015966": "was nearby", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00035-00016028-00016254": "And that was at Robin Hood Ribhouse", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00036-00016269-00016416": "Oh yeah, with Tina!", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00037-00016416-00016604": "Yeah, and it was only 3 of you then", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00038-00016664-00016766": "If I remember correctly", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00039-00016766-00016974": "Yeah, but also often 2 of us", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00040-00016974-00017198": "'Cause they could not afford to pay a whole band", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00041-00017198-00017474": "And we have a very nice story about Robin Hood", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00042-00017480-00017642": "I was with William or with Dieb", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00043-00017664-00017786": "a long time ago", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00044-00017804-00018028": "Yes- And then Tina asked us", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00045-00018062-00018308": "Wat are you going do, to make music or whatever act?", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00046-00018308-00018580": "And we asked her: Can we do whatever we want?", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00047-00018580-00018764": "Yeah, you can do crazy things", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00048-00018764-00019016": "Just do what you want. People want to be entertained", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00049-00019034-00019284": "We said, okay, yes, we are Rapalje", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00050-00019320-00019406": "Rakish", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00051-00019418-00019468": "Yeah", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00052-00019480-00019854": "We made music and we  went performing over the tables", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00053-00019854-00020080": "And we said: You don't have to bother about food", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00054-00020092-00020296": "We will get our food and our drinks", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00055-00020320-00020654": "We ate from playing on the table", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00056-00020674-00020838": "with the audience", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00057-00020838-00021090": "And we were dancing on the table.  Get people on the table", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00058-00021090-00021344": "And made a whole big mess of it", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00059-00021378-00021512": "And then afterward Tina says:", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00060-00021512-00021770": "Now, maybe you can not do everything you want", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00061-00021788-00021886": "But almost", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00062-00021894-00021988": "That's Robin Hood", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00063-00021988-00022412": "We got so many people asking for our new CD", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00064-00022422-00022668": "That.. Let's get it over with", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00065-00022668-00022972": "If only you had somebody from,  like a radio station dropping by", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00066-00022972-00023264": "So, you know, maybe your music could be streamed?", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00067-00023288-00023510": "But we had a problem with the CDs", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00068-00023518-00023854": "We could not advertise our CD's because we only had", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00069-00023874-00023980": "about 500", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00070-00023996-00024152": "And they're all sold out right now", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00071-00024162-00024336": "So like, only \"500\"", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00072-00024336-00024442": "Yeah, well, and they're all gone", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00073-00024442-00024526": "Yeah, ha, ha, ha", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00074-00024526-00024640": "But now..", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00075-00030236-00030508": "So, from me to you", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00076-00030639-00030716": "Our new CD", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00077-00030727-00030904": "Ah, awesome, thank you man", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00078-00030912-00031060": "\"Scotland's Story\"", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00079-00031068-00031172": "Special for you", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00080-00031318-00031489": "So is this number 501?", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00081-00031489-00031582": "Yeah, it is", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00082-00031582-00031830": "And actually 501 is the jeans I always wear", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00083-00031830-00031927": "This is perfect", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00084-00031927-00032110": "Oh, you wear a.. Show us your jeans", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00085-00032126-00032222": "Yeah - Yeah", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00086-00032242-00032414": "You got it, ha, ha, ha", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00087-00032498-00032888": "The pallet you saw are, with the CDs, are 4500 CDs", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00088-00032942-00033340": "So we got now almost 5000 CDs.  So we got enough for the future", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00089-00033388-00033540": "The near future, I hope", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00090-00033606-00033966": "We also try to launch an LP, vinyl", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00091-00034008-00034136": "And we're still waiting for it", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00092-00034154-00034362": "Vinyl takes a long time because", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00093-00034376-00034716": "It's very \"in\". It's very hip again to play vinyl", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00094-00034832-00035132": "Most of the CD factories are now gone", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00095-00035168-00035472": "Because people don't want to buy anymore CDs", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00096-00035498-00035800": "Except for Rapalje, new CD", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00097-00035806-00035932": "500, like that", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00098-00035952-00036288": "But we also, we ordered 500 LPs", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00099-00036332-00036484": "I'm not sure if that's enough", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00100-00036530-00036622": "I hope not", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00101-00036640-00036744": "So very limited", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00102-00036768-00037078": "We had really big problems getting these CD's already", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00103-00037104-00037584": "The reason that it's not easy to get the CD  is different than an LP because", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00104-00037676-00037828": "The factory", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00105-00037880-00038278": "who made this CD had financial problems and whatever", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00106-00038294-00038884": "Because it's a big factory but not many people or bands order CDs anymore", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00107-00038954-00039354": "So they really got a problem with their company", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00108-00039376-00039508": "LP is the other way around", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00109-00039512-00039734": "I suggest that this CD firm", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00110-00039734-00039874": "Should switch to vinyl?", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00111-00039874-00040022": "Should make vinyls from now", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00112-00040022-00040094": "Ahh, yeah yeah", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00113-00040094-00040268": "And is the artwork the same?", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00114-00040280-00040494": "So like this, but simply enlarged?", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00115-00040494-00040596": "Yeah, bigger", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00116-00040596-00040744": "Ah, yeah, so it won't be like this", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00117-00040744-00040848": "It will be more like this", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00118-00040848-00040964": "They look so crazy", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00119-00040964-00041214": "Yeah and then the inside, we have this book", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00120-00041214-00041416": "Many people who already had the CD they said:", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00121-00041424-00041768": "There's something wrong with the lyrics here", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00122-00041822-00041886": "Oh yeah", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00123-00041886-00042102": "It start's over here. They continue there", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00124-00042228-00042444": "That's because of the LP artwork", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00125-00042462-00042648": "We just took the LP artwork and cut it", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00126-00042690-00042832": "Ha, ha, ha, ha, ha", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00127-00042886-00043066": "Alex, which instruments do you play?", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00128-00043168-00043416": "Okay, so my profile picture is holding this", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00129-00043424-00043664": "But I actually don't know how to play", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00130-00043698-00043962": "Hey, hey we got mail", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00131-00043986-00044200": "Ahh, you see this?", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00132-00044354-00044614": "Reifenrock 2019", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00133-00044638-00044804": "We got a band called", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00134-00044892-00044994": "Forgotten North", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00135-00044994-00045044": "Yes", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00136-00045094-00045432": "They performed on the MPS, the  Mittelalterlich Phantasie Spectaculum in Germany", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00137-00045464-00045552": "Tadaa!", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00138-00045552-00045664": "This wasn't even rehearsed", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00139-00045668-00046124": "And we performed on their own \"Reifenrock\" Festival in 2019", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00140-00046128-00046254": "Ohh, sweet", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00141-00046314-00046420": "There's a video on it..", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00142-00049232-00049390": "So, we got this", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00143-00049444-00049582": "We got this", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00144-00049582-00049842": "This is funny. I'm also going to do this. This is great", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00145-00049846-00049982": "New album, check", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00146-00050288-00050462": "And now we got an empty storybord", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00147-00050528-00050690": "There was one we didn't address yet", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00148-00050692-00050886": "Ohhhhh", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00149-00050962-00051334": "Alex also has his celtcast", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00150-00051334-00051594": "And he's also spending a lot of money", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00151-00051617-00051810": "on equipement and things", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00152-00051810-00052204": "But he hasn't got a way to monetize  his work and his things", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00153-00052229-00052532": "So he has a job actually to pay for his hobby", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00154-00052540-00052622": "This is true", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00155-00052622-00052836": "which is celtcast.com", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00156-00052836-00052932": "But it's a lot of work", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00157-00052932-00053091": "He also has T-shirts - Yes", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00158-00053091-00053166": "And buttons", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00159-00053170-00053636": "If you look at our facebook page you'll see  the logo change to what the button is gonna be", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00160-00053655-00053964": "And if you find us, we're giving them away for free", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00161-00053984-00054074": "If you're there", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00162-00054074-00054558": "We are 17 people in total, really working hard  and doing it all for the love of music", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00163-00057586-00057790": "We have the Bastaard Fantasy Awards", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00164-00057976-00058086": "Which you won", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00165-00058132-00058270": "Ha, ha, ha, ha, ha", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00166-00058286-00058366": "Here", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00167-00058391-00058705": "Yeah, it's so nice made. Look at this. How beautiful this is", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00168-00058754-00058905": "No secrets here on The Rapalje Show", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00169-00058912-00059024": "No, exactly yeah", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00170-00059024-00059332": "No, I'm going easily convince to announce that", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00171-00059354-00059748": "actually Meini Zweep from Middeleeuws Winschoten,", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00172-00059748-00060176": "has helped us create these, eh,  what we called \"schildjes\"", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00173-00060258-00060341": "Shields", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00174-00060374-00060702": "That also, by the way, is completely voluntary work", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00175-00060702-00060882": "Yeah, that's the guy who actually made it", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00176-00060898-00061017": "Okay, cool, look", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00177-00061416-00061579": "\"Zicht Graveren\"", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00178-00061582-00061882": "Ah, we also got the other, 2016", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00179-00061958-00062360": "And down, at my fireplace, also got the one..", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00180-00062379-00062444": "Ha, ha, ha", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00181-00062444-00062670": "So, we got 14, 16 and 18", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00182-00062688-00063162": "Because in the other years we're  not allowed to participate on the Bastaard..", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00183-00063172-00063344": "Not as the best live act", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00184-00063344-00063576": "But you could win with your own festival", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00185-00063591-00063720": "Festival and album", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00186-00063726-00063902": "Yeah album, yes, new album", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00187-00063908-00064241": "I said to Alex it doesn't matter what I'm wearing", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00188-00064254-00064588": "beneath the shirt because nobody will see!", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00189-00064591-00064691": "Ha, ha, ha", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00190-00064708-00064924": "I actually got my pyjamas on", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00191-00064944-00065208": "We got the 501 in and we got the pyjamas in", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00192-00065208-00065467": "Ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, I'm already made ready for bed", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00193-00065467-00065580": "Ha, ha, ha!", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00194-00065584-00065830": "I really want to thank Alex for this", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00195-00065830-00065930": "Thanks for inviting me", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00196-00065930-00065980": "lovely visit", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00197-00065980-00066162": "Thanks for having me as a guest", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00198-00066162-00066388": "Yeah, thanks to all of you for watching", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00199-00066388-00066618": "And well, if you want to check out more", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00200-00066642-00067096": "go to Keltfest, or look at the stream  or the Castlefest one. Or go to", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00201-00067152-00067374": "Here. And you will see much more of CeltCast", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00202-00067374-00067526": "There is some special patrons:", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00203-00067526-00068214": "Aukje, Bjorn, Erna, Esther, Henning, Lorna, Michael, Nina, Penny, Simone, Sylvia, Tjorven and Steffi", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00204-00068230-00068394": "The list is getting longer and longer", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00205-00068394-00068724": "These are the special patrons  who pay over $20 a month", "6W9zvWFEbUy-00206-00068770-00069212": "to help us out with doing all these  live streams and to get all the videos online"}}, {"audio_id": "6Wh9L5ua2lo", "text": {"6Wh9L5ua2lo-00000-00000338-00000446": "Charles Venditti: My name is Charles Venditti.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00001-00000446-00000901": "I’m an investigator in the National Human Genome Research Institute here in the Intramural", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00002-00000901-00001302": "Research Program at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00003-00001302-00001711": "And I’m here with my colleague and collaborator, Dr. Randy Chandler, to discuss our recent", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00004-00001711-00002098": "developments in gene therapy for methylmalonic acidemia.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00005-00002098-00002635": "This is a very grave metabolic disorder that mainly affects infants and children.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00006-00002635-00003222": "And unfortunately, despite all conventional dietary and cofactor therapy, is lethal in", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00007-00003222-00003322": "many children.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00008-00003322-00003627": "Randy Chandler: We’re using adeno-associated virus to basically", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00009-00003627-00004034": "deliver the gene that’s defective in methylmalonic acidemia.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00010-00004034-00004730": "The virus is just like a car that delivers the passenger, which is the correct gene sequence", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00011-00004730-00004867": "for the genetic defect.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00012-00004867-00005350": "Our early studies, pre-clinical studies, and our mouse model of methylmalonic acidemia,", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00013-00005350-00006037": "which is an early lethal model of the disease -- the mice die within the first 24 to 48", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00014-00006037-00006251": "hours of life.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00015-00006251-00006437": "Those experiments were quite successful.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00016-00006437-00007047": "The mice survived after the treatment with the adeno-associated virus until adulthood.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00017-00007047-00007628": "Unfortunately, we began to observe an increase in liver cancers in the mice treated with", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00018-00007628-00008179": "the AAV at levels that we hadn’t observed in our control group of untreated mice.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00019-00008179-00008446": "Charles Venditti: The mice developed cancer at a rate of between", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00020-00008446-00008909": "75 and 50 percent, compared to the control mice, where only 3 out 51 of the mice developed", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00021-00008909-00009018": "cancer.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00022-00009018-00009672": "And notice that in the liver cancers, one locus, the Rian locus, was overrepresented", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00023-00009672-00009964": "in the cancers versus the control tissue.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00024-00009964-00010718": "The high early expression of this gene is a contributing factor for the AAV vector integrating", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00025-00010718-00011025": "into this locus and causing cancer in the mice.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00026-00011025-00011739": "Most of the AAV integrations that cause liver cancer landed in a gene that is not found", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00027-00011739-00011943": "in the human genome.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00028-00011943-00012521": "Some people would wonder whether or not the cancers we observed after AAV gene therapy", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00029-00012521-00012785": "were, therefore, a mouse-specific phenomenon.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00030-00012785-00013099": "Randy Chandler: So we designed a new vector using a different", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00031-00013099-00013390": "promoter/enhancer system.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00032-00013390-00013801": "And what we observed in a small number of mice is integrations in the same locus that", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00033-00013801-00014163": "we observed before without the occurrence of the liver cancer.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00034-00014163-00014754": "So what we suspect may be happening here is that the new vector we have developed is not", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00035-00014754-00015287": "activating nearby genes in proximity to the integration; and therefore, it’s a safer", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00036-00015287-00015387": "vector.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00037-00015387-00015868": "But since we’ve only studied this in 10 mice, we’ll have to perform more studies", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00038-00015868-00016251": "before we can be sure that this is, indeed, a safer vector.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00039-00016251-00016705": "What I think is important about our study is, you know, we’ve identified a risk in", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00040-00016705-00017180": "the mice, which may or may not be present in humans; but it’s an important risk to", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00041-00017180-00017409": "understand and to disclose to patients.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00042-00017409-00017651": "Charles Venditti: There’s been a great controversy in the", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00043-00017651-00018200": "field of AAV gene therapy about whether or not AAV could ever be associated with cancer.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00044-00018200-00018730": "And our results clearly prove that it, in fact, can be.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00045-00018730-00019222": "We feel that these studies will help us move forward to develop safer gene therapy for", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00046-00019222-00019793": "methylmalonic acidemia; because we have defined a very important safety parameter related", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00047-00019793-00020288": "to the AAV gene therapy in our mouse models, which is critical to understand before we", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00048-00020288-00020409": "move to human patient trials.", "6Wh9L5ua2lo-00049-00020409-00020426": "[end of transcript]"}}, {"audio_id": "6Wx5iGq4Jju", "text": {"6Wx5iGq4Jju-00000-00000000-00000133": "We're different.", "6Wx5iGq4Jju-00001-00000233-00000342": "We're not like each other.", "6Wx5iGq4Jju-00002-00000466-00000577": "But this does not prevent us from being 1 big happy family."}}, {"audio_id": "6WK3z1K9IDo", "text": {"6WK3z1K9IDo-00000-00000550-00001080": "This diagram provides a simplified illustration of the human respiratory tract.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00001-00001080-00001460": "Outside air enters the nose and/or mouth during breathing,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00002-00001460-00002043": "flowing quickly through the nasal and mouth openings and into the nasal/pharyngeal/laryngeal,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00003-00002043-00002426": "or extra-thoracic, region of the respiratory tract.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00004-00002426-00002729": "This region includes the airways of the nose and mouth,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00005-00002730-00003233": "the pharynx or throat, and the larynx or voice box.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00006-00003233-00003859": "After this, the air enters the lungs, the thoracic region of the respiratory tract.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00007-00003860-00004533": "The tracheobronchial region is the upper part of the lung, the conducting airways that move air to the deep lung.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00008-00004533-00004926": "In this region, air moves first into the trachea or windpipe", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00009-00004926-00005579": "and then branches repeatedly into a series of airways referred to as bronchi and bronchioles.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00010-00005580-00006063": "The air moves more slowly as it passes deeper and deeper into the lung.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00011-00006063-00006649": "The air finally reaches the alveolar region of the lung, the deep lung.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00012-00006650-00007350": "Air is almost stationary in the alveoli, providing time for oxygen to diffuse through the alveolar wall", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00013-00007350-00008033": "and enter the blood and for carbon dioxide to leave the blood and enter the air that will subsequently be exhaled.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00014-00008246-00009066": "If particles are present in air that is inhaled, it is possible that they may not move with the air into the human respiratory tract.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00015-00009213-00009799": "Particle deposition in the human respiratory tract relates particle exposures to applied doses.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00016-00009800-00010453": "A particle's size is the most important factor determining if and where a particle may deposit.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00017-00010453-00010869": "Before we can even think about a particle depositing in the respiratory tract,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00018-00010870-00011350": "we must know if a particle can even be inhaled into the tract.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00019-00011350-00011686": "Because the smallest particles have little inertia,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00020-00011686-00012483": "all of them move along with the air as it is inhaled to enter the respiratory tract through the nose or mouth.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00021-00012483-00013353": "As we will see, most of these particles will deposit in the respiratory tract with only a small percentage being breathed back out.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00022-00013353-00013983": "Medium-sized particles also tend to move along with the air and are inhaled into the respiratory tract.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00023-00013983-00014723": "However, the majority of these particles fail to deposit in the respiratory tract and are exhaled back out.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00024-00014723-00015616": "Large particles, which have a lot of inertia, may not follow air streamlines as the air turns to be inhaled into the nose or mouth.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00025-00015616-00016009": "Some of these particles will fail to be inhaled at all.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00026-00016010-00016680": "Most of those that are inhaled will deposit within the respiratory tract, but some will leave with the exhaled air.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00027-00017030-00017876": "This figure will show the percentage of particles inhaled, on the vertical axis, as a function of particle diameter, on the horizontal axis,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00028-00017876-00018563": "assuming that the particles are spheres with a density of 1 gram per cubic centimeter, the density of water.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00029-00018563-00019193": "The diameter is presented on a logarithmic scale to cover several orders of magnitude.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00030-00019193-00019969": "Let's assume that the red particles from the animation are 10 nanometers, or 0.01 micrometer, in diameter.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00031-00019970-00020796": "Almost all of these particles, essentially 100%, are inhaled, and we can plot this value on the figure.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00032-00020796-00021589": "Next, let's say that the orange particles are 300 nanometers, 0.3 micrometer, in diameter.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00033-00021590-00022346": "Again, nearly all of these particles, about 99%, are inhaled, and we can plot this on the figure.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00034-00022346-00022833": "Finally, let's assume that the green particles are 10 micrometers in diameter.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00035-00022833-00023629": "A little more than 77% of these particles are inhaled, and once again we show this data point on the figure.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00036-00023630-00024286": "By international agreement, a relationship has been established for inhalation percentages as a function of particle size", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00037-00024286-00024516": "for use in particle sampling protocols.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00038-00024516-00025286": "The relationship is shown by this purple curve, and is referred to as the inhalable sampling criterion.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00039-00025286-00025843": "The curve shows that particles larger than about 300 nanometers, or 0.3 micrometer,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00040-00025843-00026649": "are inhaled at lower and lower efficiencies as particle size increases, due to greater particle inertia and gravitational settling", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00041-00026650-00026989": "that keep them from being breathed into the nose or mouth.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00042-00027223-00027789": "For particles that are inhaled with the air, they may or may not deposit in the respiratory tract.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00043-00027789-00028200": "If not, they will be breathed back out with exhaled air.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00044-00028320-00029143": "In the nasal/pharyngeal/laryngeal region of the respiratory tract, inhaled air moves through the nasal cavity with turbulent motion,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00045-00029143-00029446": "but with a relatively long residence time.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00046-00029446-00029933": "The air speeds up as it passes through the bends of the pharynx and larynx.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00047-00029933-00030593": "As the air is exhaled, it retraces its path through the larynx, pharynx, and nasal cavity.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00048-00030593-00031403": "When very small particles are inhaled, most pass through the nasal cavity and then the pharynx and larynx.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00049-00031403-00032033": "However, the residence time in the nasal cavity is long enough for some of them to deposit there.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00050-00032033-00032769": "Many of these particles will deposit deeper in the lungs, but some will be exhaled.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00051-00032770-00033223": "Few medium-sized particles diffuse enough to deposit in the nasal cavity,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00052-00033223-00033693": "nor do they have enough inertia to deposit in the pharynx or larynx.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00053-00033693-00033986": "Most will pass through to the lungs upon inhalation,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00054-00033986-00034423": "and the majority of those particles will eventually leave with the exhaled air", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00055-00034423-00034813": "rather than depositing anywhere in the respiratory tract.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00056-00035076-00035399": "Large particles have a significant amount of inertia.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00057-00035400-00035983": "Some of these particles will deposit in the pharynx or larynx as air is inhaled.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00058-00035983-00036496": "In addition, some will deposit there as air is exhaled.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00059-00037040-00037420": "With the inhalable sampling criterion already plotted on the figure,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00060-00037420-00038156": "we can look at the percentage of particles deposited in the nasal/pharyngeal/laryngeal region as a function of particle size.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00061-00038156-00038849": "These values were derived by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, or ICRP.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00062-00038850-00039506": "Roughly 20% of the red 10-nanometer particles are deposited in the nasal/pharyngeal/laryngeal region,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00063-00039506-00040059": "whereas only about 4% of the orange 300-nanometer particles will deposit there.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00064-00040060-00040806": "Nearly all of the green 10-micrometer particles that are inhaled end up depositing in the nasal/pharyngeal/laryngeal region,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00065-00040806-00041319": "about 75% of the particles that were originally in the air that is inhaled.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00066-00041320-00042166": "The light blue curve shows the percent of particles deposited in the nasal/pharyngeal/laryngeal region for all particle diameters.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00067-00042166-00042926": "Notably, almost all particles larger than 10 micrometers deposit in this region if they are inhaled due to their inertia.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00068-00042926-00043353": "In addition, a large fraction of the nanoparticles smaller than 10 nanometers", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00069-00043353-00043903": "deposit in the nasal/pharyngeal/laryngeal region due to rapid diffusion.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00070-00043903-00044669": "Past the larynx is the tracheobronchial region of the respiratory tract, the upper part of the lungs.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00071-00044670-00045143": "The diaphragm and other muscles cause the lungs to expand and contract.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00072-00045143-00045629": "When the diaphragm tightens and moves downward, space in the chest is created,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00073-00045630-00045976": "allowing for the lungs to expand and air to be inhaled.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00074-00045976-00046519": "Then, when the diaphragm relaxes and moves upward, the space in the chest is reduced,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00075-00046520-00046870": "forcing the lungs to become smaller and air to be exhaled.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00076-00046870-00047373": "The rate of inhalation changes in response to the body's need for oxygen.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00077-00047373-00047993": "Looking more closely, we can see that a large fraction of very small particles that enter the tracheobronchial region", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00078-00047993-00048689": "are likely to be collected on the walls of the bronchi or bronchioles due to diffusion caused by Brownian motion.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00079-00048690-00049083": "This may occur both during inhalation and exhalation.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00080-00049083-00049773": "In addition, some of these particles will be able to pass through the tracheobronchial region deeper into the lungs.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00081-00049773-00050613": "Because they diffuse less but have relatively low inertia, most medium-sized particles will not deposit in the tracheobronchial region.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00082-00050613-00051069": "Some will penetrate deeper into the lungs, but most will be exhaled.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00083-00051070-00051460": "Similarly, many larger particles will not have sufficient inertia", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00084-00051460-00052010": "or Brownian motion to deposit in the tracheobronchial region and will be breathed back out.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00085-00052010-00052520": "However, a few of these particles will have sufficient inertia to be collected near bifurcations", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00086-00052520-00052836": "as larger bronchi split into smaller ones.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00087-00052836-00053329": "A few of these large particles will deposit due to gravitational settling.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00088-00053753-00054153": "Overall deposition in the tracheobronchial region is relatively low.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00089-00054153-00054623": "While about 25% of 10-nanometer particles deposit here,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00090-00054623-00055406": "less than 1% of 300-nanometer particles and only about 1.5% of 10-micrometer particles do.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00091-00055406-00055893": "The medium blue curve from the International Commission on Radiological Protection", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00092-00055893-00056456": "shows the percent of particles deposited in the tracheobronchial region for all particle diameters.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00093-00056456-00056919": "Deposition for particles larger than 3 micrometers and smaller than 10 nanometers", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00094-00056920-00057616": "would be greater if many of these particles were not already depositing in the nasal/pharyngeal/laryngeal region.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00095-00057616-00058496": "The alveolar region is the deepest part of the lungs where oxygen is supplied to the bloodstream while carbon dioxide is removed.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00096-00058496-00059219": "The alveoli at the ends of the smallest bronchioles in the lung are a little like leaves on the branches of a tree.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00097-00059220-00059633": "Healthy human adults have about 500 million alveoli.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00098-00059633-00060279": "The surface area of all of the alveoli in a human adult is a little larger than a basketball court.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00099-00060279-00060710": "Looking more closely, alveoli appear in clusters.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00100-00060710-00061286": "Inside, air enters these clusters through an alveolar duct into the alveolar sac.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00101-00061286-00061889": "Air passes back and forth from the sac to the individual alveoli through small holes.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00102-00061890-00062656": "Many of the very small particles that penetrate to the alveolar region are able to diffuse into the alveoli and deposit there.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00103-00062656-00063093": "Because the residence time of air in the  alveolar region is relatively long", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00104-00063093-00063616": "and the dimensions of the alveolar sac and the individual alveoli are relatively small,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00105-00063616-00064239": "very few of the small particles that enter the alveolar region will leave with the exhaled air.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00106-00064240-00064866": "Similarly, some medium-sized particles will be able to diffuse into the alveoli and deposit there.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00107-00064866-00065393": "However, some of these particles will be able to leave the alveolar region with the exhaled air", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00108-00065393-00065769": "because they diffuse less than smaller particles.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00109-00065770-00066123": "Very few large particles are able to reach the alveolar region", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00110-00066123-00066713": "because they have already deposited in the nasal/pharyngeal/laryngeal  or tracheobronchial regions.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00111-00066713-00067663": "However, the few large particles that reach the alveolar sac may have sufficient time to deposit due to gravitational settling.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00112-00067663-00068333": "We can compare deposition in the alveolar region to deposition in the other regions.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00113-00068333-00069049": "About 42% of the red 10-nanometer particles deposit in the alveolar region, primarily due to diffusion.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00114-00069050-00069450": "Unsurprisingly, deposition is lower for larger particles.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00115-00069450-00070116": "A little less than 6% of the orange 300-nanometer particles and about 2% of green 10-micrometer particles", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00116-00070116-00070423": "deposit in the alveolar region.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00117-00070423-00070803": "Deposition of the 10-micrometer particles is so low, in part,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00118-00070803-00071309": "because so few of these particles remain by the time inhaled air reaches the alveoli.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00119-00071310-00072040": "The dark blue curve shows the percent of particles deposited in the alveolar region for all particle diameters.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00120-00072040-00072636": "Deposition of nanoparticles smaller than about 20 nanometers declines as diameter decreases", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00121-00072636-00073163": "because these particles deposit in the nasal/pharyngeal/laryngeal and tracheobronchial regions.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00122-00073293-00074009": "The curves for the three regions from the ICRP can be summed to plot a total deposition curve in gray.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00123-00074010-00074716": "When compared with the inhalation curve, the total deposition curve indicates that almost all particles larger than 5 micrometers", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00124-00074716-00075213": "will deposit in the respiratory tract if they are inhaled in the first place.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00125-00075213-00075736": "In addition, more than 75% of particles smaller than 20 nanometers will deposit.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00126-00075736-00076133": "However, in between these sizes, deposition is considerably lower.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00127-00076133-00076666": "Fewer than 15% of 300-nanometer particles will deposit in the respiratory tract,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00128-00076666-00077466": "because the mechanisms of gravitational settling, inertial impaction, and diffusion do not influence these particles substantially.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00129-00077766-00078576": "For particles that deposit, where they deposit in the respiratory tract helps to determine the health consequences of particle exposures.", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00130-00078576-00079133": "Depending on where particles deposit, they may be cleared from the respiratory tract by alveolar macrophages", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00131-00079133-00079653": "and the mucociliary escalator, often through the gastrointestinal tract, without causing harm;", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00132-00079653-00080113": "or they may cause direct injury to the respiratory tract where they deposit;", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00133-00080113-00080786": "or they may translocate to other parts of the body via blood or lymphatic circulation  or along sensory neurons,", "6WK3z1K9IDo-00134-00080786-00081246": "potentially leading to damage of organs or tissue outside of the respiratory tract."}}, {"audio_id": "6WL91xBpNe8", "text": {"6WL91xBpNe8-00000-00000000-00001980": "[Sottotitoli a cura di Irene \"Lunachiara\"]", "6WL91xBpNe8-00001-00001980-00003023": "Ladies and gentlemen, welcome back to the channel, with our usual weekly appointment. The online tournaments, which took place numerously times during the", "6WL91xBpNe8-00002-00003023-00004190": "Lockdown period, allowed Keyforge to survive the pandemic, thanks also to the support of the various Content Creators present on the Web. Prior to this nefarious", "6WL91xBpNe8-00003-00004190-00005379": "event going into the history books, one tournament specifically closed the live competitive circuit. Well, that same tournament, after the period of closure of the", "6WL91xBpNe8-00004-00005379-00006383": "activities, has reopened the doors to the matches carried out looking your opponent in the eye, bringing the various Forgers back to sit at the game tables to compete for", "6WL91xBpNe8-00005-00006383-00007323": "the creation of that last key that would allow whoever forged it, to access the immense knowledge contained in the Crypts. Thanks to the commitment of the", "6WL91xBpNe8-00006-00007323-00008497": "Emporio 45 Model, in collaboration with the recreational association Carro del Clan, and the amateur sports association Pro Box Crossfit of Città di Castello, which made", "6WL91xBpNe8-00007-00008497-00009955": "available the location where the event took place, I just have to leave for the main center of the upper Tiber valley, to document what happened during this great event.", "6WL91xBpNe8-00008-00009955-00010727": "So, let's pack your bags for the trip and literally take a closer look!", "6WL91xBpNe8-00009-00022513-00023838": "Quick obligatory stop, I thought I had a flat tire, but fortunately it wasn’t the case… anyway I should be almost there, let's see what the navigator tells me… 11 kilometers, well come on, I'm almost there!", "6WL91xBpNe8-00010-00023838-00024334": "11 kilometers, well come on, I'm almost there!", "6WL91xBpNe8-00011-00042190-00043295": "I finally returned home after having spent a wonderful day in wonderful company, now, there is nothing left to do but ...", "6WL91xBpNe8-00012-00043295-00044644": "… Going back to the studio, to talk about how it went and who triumphed at the end of this tournament. So let's start dealing with the first point. This was a team event… what", "6WL91xBpNe8-00013-00044644-00045703": "does it mean… we will use the gentlemen of the Keyforge Network, link in description to their web page, to better show the dynamics that moved the various rounds. In each", "6WL91xBpNe8-00014-00045703-00046729": "team, made up of three Forgers, there were those who brought the Triplet format, who the Adaptive format and who the Archon. The modalities have already been decided", "6WL91xBpNe8-00015-00046729-00047093": "before the beginning of the tournament.", "6WL91xBpNe8-00016-00047246-00048742": "In a dedicated format, they clashed with other forgers from other teams with the same format chosen. So to put it simply, Adaptive vs Adaptive, Archon vs Archon, and", "6WL91xBpNe8-00017-00048742-00050000": "Trad vs Triad. Each round was played in the best of three games, that is, whoever took home two matches before, won the round.", "6WL91xBpNe8-00018-00050239-00051407": "So far, nothing strange, except that whoever represented the Archon of the team, or usually the strongest and most experienced player of the team, also considered as", "6WL91xBpNe8-00019-00051407-00052663": "such by his teammates, could advise the latter on the moves, improving their plays to overwhelm the opposing team, and consequently creating more chances for victory.", "6WL91xBpNe8-00020-00052663-00053970": "All the matches that formed a round were played in Best of 1, meaning whoever won took the match home and scored a point for the team. This has denatured the Triad", "6WL91xBpNe8-00021-00053970-00054925": "and Adaptive formats, making the Best of 3 their cornerstone. I believe that the decision was made for obvious reasons related to the final of the European football", "6WL91xBpNe8-00022-00054925-00056034": "tournament. In fact, around six thirty in the afternoon, most of those present were already on the way home.  Returning to us, at the end of the various matches, which", "6WL91xBpNe8-00023-00056034-00057189": "took place first with a session in Switzerland and reached the final stages with a top 4 where the best teams of the tournament returned, including the Trasimeno Boars, first", "6WL91xBpNe8-00024-00057189-00058352": "overall after Switzerland, the Better Call CotA Team, the GG Team and the Keygorge Network that were the latter to access the final, which, after a long and exhausting", "6WL91xBpNe8-00025-00058352-00059559": "battle with amber and forged keys, saw the Network, with the trio formed by Dammat, StewieTeo85 and Daniele90RM, come out victorious.", "6WL91xBpNe8-00026-00059850-00061188": "It was a truly extraordinary experience. I finally met in person members of the community with whom I spoke only by text, or seen behind a screen. I also had the", "6WL91xBpNe8-00027-00061188-00062327": "immense pleasure of meeting Irene \"Lunachiara\" live, who as always provided the subtitles for this video, and whom I thank again, together with her brother and mother.", "6WL91xBpNe8-00028-00062327-00063561": "I saw with my own eyes Dammat's great forging skills, which did not go well in Switzerland, but did it only because he wanted to test the skills of his teammates...", "6WL91xBpNe8-00029-00063561-00064875": "at least this is his version of events... to Donquishoot_Mat, with whom I shared not only the table, but also opinions and opinions on the game, and much more…", "6WL91xBpNe8-00030-00064875-00066041": "we would need a dedicated video only for the infinite “Thank Yous”. And all of this could only happen thanks to Keyforge. Because this game expresses its maximum", "6WL91xBpNe8-00031-00066041-00067500": "potential when played live, because, after a match you can get up, congratulate your opponent whatever the result, and invite him to have a coffee or a beer like old friends.", "6WL91xBpNe8-00032-00067500-00068611": "This I saw, concluding, during the tournament. An environment where healthy competition has reigned supreme, and where I will look forward to return, perhaps in a", "6WL91xBpNe8-00033-00068611-00069840": "different setting, to share another walking adventure on the Crucible with you all. I hope that this you liked the video, before saying goodbye I invite you to subscribe to", "6WL91xBpNe8-00034-00069840-00071088": "the channel, activate the bell, so as not to miss the publication of new videos, like and comment or share this content with your friends. In addition, in the description you will", "6WL91xBpNe8-00035-00071088-00072286": "find the wiki and the Keyforge Italy page with all the cards updated to Dark Tidings, which can be useful when during a game there will be some doubts about how to solve", "6WL91xBpNe8-00036-00072286-00073310": "some effects. In fact, for each card there will be a dedicated section where you will find the answers you are looking for. Thank you for being in my company,", "6WL91xBpNe8-00037-00073310-00073623": "see you in the next video! [Sottotitoli a cura di Irene \"Lunachiara\"]"}}, {"audio_id": "6XipLghGZ9I", "text": {"6XipLghGZ9I-00000-00000667-00001187": "The seventh sorrow of Saint Joseph is the finding of Jesus in the temple.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00001-00001187-00002506": "And when he and the Virgin Mary found the child Jesus, Mary said to the child Jesus,", "6XipLghGZ9I-00002-00002506-00002896": "“Why did you do this to us?”", "6XipLghGZ9I-00003-00002896-00003234": "Jesus answered, “Why are you looking for me?”", "6XipLghGZ9I-00004-00003234-00004094": "Why are you looking for Jesus?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00005-00004094-00004232": "Why do you want to see Jesus?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00006-00004232-00004381": "We have different reasons.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00007-00004381-00004942": "For some, they are looking for Him because they are afraid to go to hell.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00008-00004942-00005283": "Others are looking for Him because they fear punishment.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00009-00005283-00005792": "Others are in fear of malas (bad luck).", "6XipLghGZ9I-00010-00005792-00006628": "Why are we searching for Jesus?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00011-00006628-00006753": "Is it because of fear?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00012-00006753-00007154": "Why are you looking for Jesus?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00013-00007154-00007259": "You want a favor?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00014-00007259-00007415": "You need something from Him.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00015-00007415-00008211": "You have something to ask of Him that is why you are looking for him?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00016-00008211-00009303": "But Saint Joseph and the Virgen Mary went looking for Jesus not in fear or worry.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00017-00009303-00009410": "Not because they wanted a favor.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00018-00009410-00009547": "They were searching for Jesus because they love the Lord.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00019-00009547-00010202": "It was not fear.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00020-00010202-00010406": "It was not seeking favor.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00021-00010406-00010711": "It was fervor.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00022-00010711-00011470": "It was the fervor of love that brought them to search for the Lord.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00023-00011470-00011809": "Our life is in search of the Lord.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00024-00011809-00012032": "But why are we searching for him?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00025-00012032-00012234": "So we can be loved.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00026-00012234-00012552": "Why are we searching for Him?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00027-00012552-00012690": "Because you are afraid?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00028-00012690-00012899": "Why are we searching for Him?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00029-00012899-00013556": "Because we have a favor to ask of Him?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00030-00013556-00013847": "Let us look for the Lord, let us search for the Lord with love.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00031-00013847-00014738": "The second question is - Did you not know I must be in my father’s house?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00032-00014738-00015147": "Didn’t you know that it was not necessary to look for me because I will always be here", "6XipLghGZ9I-00033-00015147-00015247": "in the house of my father.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00034-00015247-00015579": "What is the house of my father?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00035-00015579-00015963": "The house of my father is not a place.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00036-00015963-00016409": "The house of my father is not a building.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00037-00016409-00017048": "The house of my father is where God’s laws are obeyed.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00038-00017048-00017630": "In other words, where God is obeyed, God is there.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00039-00017630-00018180": "Where the will of God is obeyed, God is there.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00040-00018180-00018628": "Where the plan of God is obeyed, God lives there.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00041-00018628-00019186": "So, in what places do we look for God?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00042-00019186-00019501": "We search for Him in comfort.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00043-00019501-00019945": "We search for Him in being famous.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00044-00019945-00020417": "We search for Him in being full.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00045-00020417-00020875": "We search for Him in receiving VIP treatment.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00046-00020875-00021592": "My dear friends, if you are looking for the Lord, you can only find Him in an obedient", "6XipLghGZ9I-00047-00021592-00021692": "heart.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00048-00021692-00023270": "If your heart does not know how to be obey, you will be unable to find Him anywhere.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00049-00023270-00023879": "Afterwards, the chapter came to an end with – They did not understand.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00050-00023879-00024037": "They did not understand.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00051-00024037-00024193": "How can we understand?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00052-00024193-00024543": "The Lord is a mystery for all of us.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00053-00024543-00024939": "They did not understand what he meant.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00054-00024939-00025454": "But they treasured everything in their hearts.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00055-00025454-00025807": "In the heart of Joseph, in the heart of Mary.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00056-00025807-00026580": "Perhaps also in the hearts of the elders who were listening to Him in the temple.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00057-00026580-00026705": "They did not understand.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00058-00026705-00026920": "They were amazed.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00059-00026920-00027573": "That sense of mystery is something we need in our lives.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00060-00027573-00027895": "We do not need to understand everything.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00061-00027895-00028127": "Not everything needs an answer.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00062-00028127-00029350": "Not everything needs an explanation because a big part of our lives is a mystery, a wonder.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00063-00029350-00030201": "And we must be able to live with wonder, with mystery, comfortably so that we can discover", "6XipLghGZ9I-00064-00030201-00030741": "the joy of living in this world and the promise of life everlasting.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00065-00030741-00031111": "Why are you searching for Him?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00066-00031111-00031480": "Where are you searching for Him?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00067-00031480-00031849": "How are you searching for Him?", "6XipLghGZ9I-00068-00031849-00032252": "You will only find Him by accepting that He is a mystery.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00069-00032252-00032764": "And my path leading to Him is through trust and faith.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00070-00032764-00034162": "Saint Joseph, please help us find Jesus and to never ever part from Him.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00071-00034162-00034314": "Amen.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00072-00034314-00034596": "Thank you for listening.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00073-00034596-00034742": "Thank you for watching.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00074-00034742-00035175": "Please look for Father Soc on YouTube.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00075-00035175-00035621": "And I hope you can subscribe to the channel.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00076-00035621-00036250": "There I can meet you with more reflections, with more homilies and then we can interact.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00077-00036250-00036880": "And you can also tell me the questions in your heart, the questions in your mind which", "6XipLghGZ9I-00078-00036880-00037250": "I hope, I can also answer in the same channel.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00079-00037250-00037833": "It is not technology that brings us together, it is the Lord.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00080-00037833-00038489": "It is not technology that has brought us together, it is our love for the Lord and our love for", "6XipLghGZ9I-00081-00038489-00038589": "the Church.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00082-00038589-00038953": "May the Spirit continue to work in all of us.", "6XipLghGZ9I-00083-00038953-00039009": "God bless you."}}, {"audio_id": "6Xt__258wWE", "text": {"6Xt__258wWE-00000-00000000-00000200": "[Music in the background]", "6Xt__258wWE-00001-00000770-00001400": "Who else can be an expert ? You. As you go through your college career, you will be", "6Xt__258wWE-00002-00001400-00001857": "developing your own authoritative voice in your chosen field. But you might", "6Xt__258wWE-00003-00001857-00002331": "already have expertise through your life experience. Let's say you're an online", "6Xt__258wWE-00004-00002331-00002828": "gamer and you're doing research on diversity issues in online gaming. You", "6Xt__258wWE-00005-00002828-00003257": "may have some experience with the topic. If you're a female gamer or a person of", "6Xt__258wWE-00006-00003257-00003671": "color. You may read some scholarly articles and gather some theories and", "6Xt__258wWE-00007-00003671-00004148": "data on discrimination in online gaming. You may come across blog posts or", "6Xt__258wWE-00008-00004148-00004650": "interviews that you can synthesize into your project. But if you have lived that", "6Xt__258wWE-00009-00004650-00005087": "experience, then you should add your own perspective and interpretation to the", "6Xt__258wWE-00010-00005087-00005601": "academic conversation. You in this case are an expert in the field and should", "6Xt__258wWE-00011-00005601-00006005": "share your knowledge. It can add authenticity and credibility to your", "6Xt__258wWE-00012-00006005-00006378": "research project. If you have any questions on whether a source you found", "6Xt__258wWE-00013-00006378-00006797": "for your research project is authoritative, give us a call we are here", "6Xt__258wWE-00014-00006797-00007031": "to help!  [Music fades]"}}, {"audio_id": "6XP4K8inftY", "text": {"6XP4K8inftY-00000-00000000-00000150": "Hi, thanks for watching this!", "6XP4K8inftY-00001-00000150-00000250": "I hope your day is or has been amazing!", "6XP4K8inftY-00002-00000309-00000509": "thanks for all of your support and I am hoping to get better and make new videos!", "6XP4K8inftY-00003-00000560-00000760": "Enjoy!"}}, {"audio_id": "6XcBuwyYNw8", "text": {"6XcBuwyYNw8-00000-00000196-00000591": "Two identical terrariums, and in each of these terrariums,", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00001-00000591-00001021": "you have the rare and beautiful geosite daisy that", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00002-00001021-00001330": "is so endangered, and it's such a great thing to have.", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00003-00001330-00001607": "And all the people come from around to look at them.", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00004-00001607-00001980": "The difference is in the upper terrarium, it is divided into", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00005-00001980-00002479": "two by an unbreachable purple glass wall.", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00006-00002479-00002743": "Now, what's going to happen?", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00007-00002743-00003087": "Well, as you might imagine, things are not perfect in", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00008-00003087-00003315": "terrarium land, and the blight comes.", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00009-00003315-00003686": "And the blight kills off one of your geosite daisies in", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00010-00003686-00004038": "each of the terrariums. But if you're down here, you're not", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00011-00004038-00004485": "worried, because you can grow this beautiful daisy, and it", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00012-00004485-00004595": "will grow back.", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00013-00004595-00004958": "And it has its posy, and it just gets grown back when, oh", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00014-00004958-00005320": "my goodness, the rust comes, and it wipes out one of the", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00015-00005320-00005681": "daisies in each of the terrariums. And if you're down", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00016-00005681-00005848": "below, you're still not worried,", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00017-00005848-00005990": "because it can grow back.", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00018-00005990-00006247": "And pretty soon, you have a beautiful display.", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00019-00006247-00006651": "But if you're up above, you're really worried, because now", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00020-00006651-00006865": "you're extinct.", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00021-00006865-00007306": "Now, suppose that instead of this being worried about geosite", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00022-00007306-00007756": "daisies in our terrariums that we were worried about Glacier", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00023-00007756-00008156": "National Park seen in a map and Yellowstone National Park", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00024-00008156-00008359": "seen in a map down here.", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00025-00008359-00008655": "And at the present time, Glacier and Yellowstone are", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00026-00008655-00008996": "connected by corridors that are essentially wilderness", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00027-00008996-00009196": "running down the Rocky Mountains.", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00028-00009196-00009606": "What is going to happen if we lose those corridors of", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00029-00009606-00009804": "wilderness that connect the two and", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00030-00009804-00009973": "turn them into islands?", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00031-00009973-00010252": "And the simple answer is you don't lose everything, but you", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00032-00010252-00010574": "probably do lose some of the things that live in both of", "6XcBuwyYNw8-00033-00010574-00010898": "the parks, just as for the terrariums you get extinction."}}, {"audio_id": "6Y3RLWcP9i4", "text": {"6Y3RLWcP9i4-00000-00000736-00001344": "In our Gospel reading this week, we are presented with a pivotal moment in the life of Jesus:", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00001-00001344-00002136": "the Transfiguration. It takes place at a time when Jesus may have been feeling quite discouraged", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00002-00002136-00002600": "and disheartened. Three years of preaching had fallen,", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00003-00002600-00003320": "in many instances, on deaf ears. Most people were not really open to hearing and responding", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00004-00003320-00003992": "to the message. Even his closest disciples did not always grasp what he was trying to show them.", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00005-00004168-00004928": "There was also a strong sense of impending disaster. Jesus saw the writing on the wall", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00006-00004928-00005559": "and recognised that his death at the hands of the religious and political authoritiesof the day", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00007-00005568-00006272": "was becoming increasingly likely. He was also becoming more and more aware that the living out of his", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00008-00006272-00006944": "mission of love would involve suffering. At this difficult moment in his life,", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00009-00006944-00007623": "he goes up the mountain to pray and spend time with his Father as he frequently did. On this", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00010-00007623-00008373": "occasion, he has a mystical experience witnessed by three of his closest friends and disciples.", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00011-00008416-00009008": "He converses with Moses and Elijah who represent the law and the prophets. He", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00012-00009008-00009680": "is transfigured or changed so that the light of his divinity is evident and, most significantly,", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00013-00009680-00010208": "he is affirmed by the Father in words that echo the words heard at the Baptism.", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00014-00010328-00011352": "“This is my Son, the Beloved. Listen to him.” One wonders what it felt like for Jesus to experience", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00015-00011352-00012112": "himself at that moment changed – transfigured. Was it perhaps a foretaste of the resurrection?", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00016-00012112-00012840": "It must have been a profoundly consoling experience. This experience was a gift that Jesus could", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00017-00012840-00013400": "draw on to sustain him through the passion that lay ahead of him. Despite the apparent", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00018-00013400-00014024": "“failure” of his ministry, he is affirmed as the Beloved Son whose words must be listened to.", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00019-00014152-00014918": "He has the assurance that he is living out his life and mission in the way God desires of him.", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00020-00014918-00015044": "Let us reflect", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00021-00015096-00015584": "Where do I feel disheartened or discouraged at the moment?", "6Y3RLWcP9i4-00022-00015744-00016389": "Can I ask that I may hear the words of God affirming that I am God’s Beloved?"}}, {"audio_id": "6Y99-rbdRfM", "text": {"6Y99-rbdRfM-00000-00000006-00000324": "It's been very hard for me to start making videos", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00001-00000448-00000627": "fear of failure", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00002-00000627-00000794": "Putting myself out there", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00003-00000794-00000956": "but I don't regret it at all.", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00004-00000956-00001046": "Do you know why?", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00005-00001159-00001359": "Do you have time for coffee?", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00006-00002089-00002160": "Hey bonjour", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00007-00002160-00002482": "I'm Hugo and I have busy entrepreneurs and managers", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00008-00002482-00002678": "be more productive and get back in control", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00009-00002678-00002844": "of their own time", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00010-00002844-00003058": "seven months ago I started my youtube channel", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00011-00003058-00003294": "uploading videos on a weekly basis", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00012-00003294-00003494": "on time management and productivity", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00013-00003494-00003626": "my passion project", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00014-00003685-00003996": "It was scary putting myself out there", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00015-00003996-00004272": "will people make fun of my accent", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00016-00004272-00004566": "or make fun of all the small mistakes", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00017-00004566-00004712": "that I can make in English", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00018-00004714-00004914": "But I gave myself one goal", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00019-00004948-00005258": "Uploading one video a week for 2019", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00020-00005258-00005444": "so far I'm on a streak", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00021-00005460-00005802": "and starting was the best decision I could have made", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00022-00005826-00006072": "because I started I could grow", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00023-00006072-00006412": "I could learn I could also be more creative and", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00024-00006480-00006665": "compound all these effects together", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00025-00006665-00006923": "I asked to the community feedback", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00026-00006923-00007194": "and I received very constructive feedback", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00027-00007194-00007394": "and this feedback allowed me to be better", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00028-00007417-00007638": "Even better every time", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00029-00007638-00007847": "that's continuous improvement, by the way", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00030-00007861-00008246": "LinkedIn is a great outlet for constructive feedback.", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00031-00008246-00008646": "I just love it. I'm thinking of Carlos, Lynn,", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00032-00008658-00008832": "Stan, Nidhal,", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00033-00008832-00009072": "Lisa, John, etc.", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00034-00009072-00009300": "All the people that really helped me", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00035-00009300-00009492": "with the constructive feedback. Thank you", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00036-00009492-00009760": "Thank you so much because your feedback helped me", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00037-00009760-00009974": "get better and also give me ideas", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00038-00009974-00010164": "for new content and more importantly,", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00039-00010164-00010346": "no one has any", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00040-00010393-00010593": "interest in seeing you fail", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00041-00010632-00010966": "No one.. and if there is someone that is like that", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00042-00010966-00011264": "Is it someone that you really value feedback?", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00043-00011270-00011334": "Et voila!", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00044-00011334-00011508": "tag someone in the comment section below", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00045-00011536-00011874": "That you would love to see making their first video", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00046-00011874-00012191": "or maybe someone that is already making videos on LinkedIn", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00047-00012202-00012432": "Put their name in the comment section", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00048-00012432-00012654": "so that I can watch their content too", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00049-00012654-00012704": "Merci,", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00050-00012704-00012872": "Thanks guys for watching this video", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00051-00012872-00013224": "and I really appreciate that you coming you're checking in", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00052-00013224-00013422": "every single week and watch my videos", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00053-00013422-00013608": "I hope I'm bringing you value.", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00054-00013608-00013860": "You can subscribe to the channel", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00055-00013860-00013976": "and watch more videos.", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00056-00013976-00014082": "See you next week", "6Y99-rbdRfM-00057-00014094-00014156": "Au revoir!"}}, {"audio_id": "6YlA_5rWnB0", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "6YAR13Lcdk8", "text": {"6YAR13Lcdk8-00000-00001010-00001408": "I talk about my financial situation when I wanna say, like...", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00001-00001412-00001522": "I don't have money", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00002-00001522-00001832": "It might just be me but, like yeah, I don't really like talking about money", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00003-00001832-00002036": "I'm more than happy to tell people....", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00004-00002106-00002300": "being a broke entrepreneur is great", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00005-00002300-00002716": "Yeah, I really suck talking about money", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00006-00002716-00002970": "But I would never post like, hey guys...", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00007-00002970-00003252": "I'm rich. Come and ask me for money", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00008-00003279-00003628": "I don't know why but my group of friends and I don't usually talk about financial stuff...", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00009-00003628-00003717": "But I wouldn't mind it", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00010-00003729-00004147": "I do talk about my salary and financial situation with people, yes", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00011-00004147-00004489": "I think my friends I talk a lot more about", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00012-00004489-00004809": "political stuff as in regards to like gender and sexuality", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00013-00004809-00004933": "more than anything else", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00014-00004933-00005379": "I would not realy talk about the political party I would vote on", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00015-00005379-00005777": "Talking about politics here, specially with the last election...", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00016-00005778-00006088": "Is something that has become a little bit touchy", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00017-00006088-00006184": "I don't have...", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00018-00006185-00006689": "I don't know what's going on politically at all like honestly, no idea", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00019-00006689-00007058": "I enjoy having discussions about political issues with other people", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00020-00007058-00007475": "When I shared something about the candidate that was voting on", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00021-00007576-00007764": "they would like text me", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00022-00007764-00008008": "like, hey are you really voting for this guy?", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00023-00008008-00008145": "I wouldn't wanna like...", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00024-00008147-00008461": "enforce a certain view on to anybody", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00025-00008461-00008685": "At the same time I often play devils advocate", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00026-00008685-00008852": "Just to sort of piss people off", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00027-00008852-00009214": "And just to really try to bring out what they really believe about things", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00028-00009262-00009620": "Do I talk easily about health issues...", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00029-00009740-00009804": "Yes", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00030-00009804-00010047": "I have no problem", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00031-00010047-00010247": "talking about when I'm injured or when I'm sick", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00032-00010247-00010667": "But I haven't got a lot of health issues for myself", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00033-00010686-00010958": "I think I personally actually go online first", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00034-00010958-00011258": "I'm like a big Web MD fan", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00035-00011346-00011661": "So I'm always self-diagnosing and thinking everything is wrong with me", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00036-00011661-00012177": "Yeah I would prefer to actually go straight to the doctor", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00037-00012178-00012396": "Brasilians are really social, so I guess...", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00038-00012403-00012861": "sometimes the main source of information becomes their friends and...", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00039-00012861-00013151": "Do I talk about relationship issues with friends and family", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00040-00013152-00013238": "Yeah absolutely", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00041-00013259-00013499": "I will talk to", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00042-00013581-00013886": "very close friends about relationship issues", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00043-00013886-00014259": "I think that's the only thing that's more more difficult because it's...", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00044-00014291-00014513": "about another person really", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00045-00014528-00014936": "I talk to my girlfriend about my relationship issues, because that...", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00046-00014962-00015163": "that's actually the best way to fix it", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00047-00015163-00015636": "I'm very open with my relationships and, you know, with people that are close to me that needs to know", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00048-00015655-00016053": "I think relationships so personal, and so...", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00049-00016091-00016297": "difficult and strange", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00050-00016302-00016538": "I probably have the tendency to over-share sometimes...", "6YAR13Lcdk8-00051-00016600-00016790": "So... That's my problem"}}, {"audio_id": "6YHW_7FHsxo", "text": {"6YHW_7FHsxo-00000-00000240-00000760": "hello guys welcome to welcome back to my channel in this video i'm going to teach you how to get", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00001-00000856-00001424": "free tron into your trust wallet so just stick around and watch how i'm going to do it and", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00002-00001424-00001864": "please don't forget to subscribe to this channel so every time i drop a video you're able to see it", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00003-00001920-00002624": "so first let's just go to our trust wallet let me show you how i do it so let's go to trustwallet", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00004-00002952-00003320": "this is my trust wallet so we are going to look for true", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00005-00003408-00003960": "this stream so when you click here i'm going to show you how i get this Tron", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00006-00004015-00004488": "into my trust wallet how i get this balance into my trust wallet so don't worry just stick around", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00007-00004488-00005048": "to the video and subscribe so guess what i'm going to show you step by step how i claim this", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00008-00005104-00005744": "airdrop so the next thing we need to do we are going to go to we're going to go to our", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00009-00005744-00006136": "google chrome driver i'm going to show you how to do so let's head to our google phone", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00010-00006344-00007208": "so search for chrome let me search for my phone yeah here's my chrome just click on chrome", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00011-00007208-00007831": "so this is the name of the site so all you need to do just type bitland.com", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00012-00008104-00008952": "type bitland.com does producing comma just click on this click on it so when you click on this just", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00013-00008952-00009792": "wait for it to load just wait for it to do it so if it's your first time in this site you need a", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00014-00009792-00010632": "registration so but i already have accounts here so uh since you are new just click on registration", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00015-00011008-00011504": "it's very simple to register to don't reset them so it didn't take any of your time so just wait", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00016-00011504-00012112": "for it to do so there will request for your email and password so let me enter my window", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00017-00012440-00012784": "so i'm password", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00018-00013160-00014184": "we enter password", "6YHW_7FHsxo-00019-00038480-00038488": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "6YLitds7Ety", "text": {"6YLitds7Ety-00000-00000247-00000585": "Well, I wouldn't say it is the end of the market, it is probably the beginning", "6YLitds7Ety-00001-00000585-00000903": "of a new market area for electricity, for the electricity market.", "6YLitds7Ety-00002-00000903-00001342": "So, what's for sure is that the power sector is really on the verge", "6YLitds7Ety-00003-00001342-00001459": "of a huge transformation.", "6YLitds7Ety-00004-00001459-00002043": "We are committed to decarbonize the electricity by 2050 and we have already", "6YLitds7Ety-00005-00002043-00002469": "very ambitious targets to decarbonize and to bring renewables in the system by 2030.", "6YLitds7Ety-00006-00002563-00002934": "This means that it has to be done in a cost-efficient way, in a cost-effective way,", "6YLitds7Ety-00007-00002934-00003367": "because this will come at a cost for customers, but we should keep", "6YLitds7Ety-00008-00003367-00003817": "these costs under control, and the second leg of this transition", "6YLitds7Ety-00009-00003817-00003928": "is to ensure the security of supply.", "6YLitds7Ety-00010-00003928-00004423": "Now the question is, that the market prices have gone down. We are roughly around", "6YLitds7Ety-00011-00004423-00004807": "28 euros per megawatt hour, which is totally insufficient to provide", "6YLitds7Ety-00012-00004807-00005368": "the investment signal for renewables, but also for the more traditional generation.", "6YLitds7Ety-00013-00005368-00005755": "We're in a situation where investments cannot be done", "6YLitds7Ety-00014-00005755-00006367": "based on the on the energy only market at this stage.", "6YLitds7Ety-00015-00006367-00006790": "Renewables are in the market and are integrated in the market.", "6YLitds7Ety-00016-00006790-00007267": "So now it's not the early stage of deployment anymore.", "6YLitds7Ety-00017-00007267-00007645": "We need balancing responsibility, we need operational responsibility for these market players", "6YLitds7Ety-00018-00007645-00008296": "in order to remove the distortions from the market. And from EURELECTRIC point", "6YLitds7Ety-00019-00008296-00008686": "of view we should move in the direction of phasing out regulated tariffs.", "6YLitds7Ety-00020-00008686-00009109": "Today, I think, that 15 countries in Europe still have regulated prices,", "6YLitds7Ety-00021-00009109-00009553": "so this should progressively go away. But at the same time we must make", "6YLitds7Ety-00022-00009553-00010111": "sure that consumers understand that they have access to more information.", "6YLitds7Ety-00023-00010111-00010554": "And this would be possible with smart meters and new technologies and more data", "6YLitds7Ety-00024-00010554-00010957": "will be accessible to compare your consumption to your neighbor for one month to the other...", "6YLitds7Ety-00025-00010957-00011454": "So I believe this will bring more knowledge and more understanding", "6YLitds7Ety-00026-00011454-00011809": "from the part of customers as well, who by chance may want to engage.", "6YLitds7Ety-00027-00011809-00012154": "But this must remain a choice. I mean if some customers", "6YLitds7Ety-00028-00012154-00012274": "want to have flat tariffs and not engage,", "6YLitds7Ety-00029-00012274-00012415": "that would be absolutely possible."}}, {"audio_id": "6YU6NRq0Wc8", "text": {"6YU6NRq0Wc8-00000-00000367-00000497": "Halloween is Witch Time"}}, {"audio_id": "6ZfxKELGcgU", "text": {"6ZfxKELGcgU-00000-00000000-00000200": "អ្នកស្រី រ៉ាច់ឆល ចាយ / Mrs Rechel Chay ហៅ ស្រីណាត"}}, {"audio_id": "6ZciJWT5pvg", "text": {"6ZciJWT5pvg-00006-00002174-00002317": "Hello Everyone .Is me Meii", "6ZciJWT5pvg-00007-00002350-00002561": "and Bro Lork", "6ZciJWT5pvg-00009-00002894-00003203": "Today I will do Charllenge", "6ZciJWT5pvg-00012-00003614-00003860": "I will eat chilly noodle", "6ZciJWT5pvg-00018-00005149-00005449": "Who finish first is the winner and finished late is the looser.", "6ZciJWT5pvg-00025-00007020-00007161": "Price for winner is to hit Looser (till broke the mouth).", "6ZciJWT5pvg-00026-00007278-00007479": "Just Kidding, for Winner with hit the looser but,,,,", "6ZciJWT5pvg-00027-00007479-00007549": "hahah also kidding"}}, {"audio_id": "6amIaboP9oy", "text": {"6amIaboP9oy-00000-00000388-00000469": "OK.", "6amIaboP9oy-00001-00000935-00001053": "OK.", "6amIaboP9oy-00002-00001258-00001370": "Perfect so hello.", "6amIaboP9oy-00003-00001370-00001689": "Those of you who are with us today.", "6amIaboP9oy-00004-00001689-00001798": "Thanks for coming.", "6amIaboP9oy-00005-00001798-00002016": "The libraries are really excited to", "6amIaboP9oy-00006-00002016-00002226": "host today's session panel discussion", "6amIaboP9oy-00007-00002226-00002477": "with the College of Health Sciences", "6amIaboP9oy-00008-00002484-00002711": "and the profession are file Sciences,", "6amIaboP9oy-00009-00002712-00002868": "professions and the Heritage", "6amIaboP9oy-00010-00002868-00002986": "College of Medicine.", "6amIaboP9oy-00011-00002987-00003210": "On the topic around Open Access", "6amIaboP9oy-00012-00003210-00003420": "publishing and self archiving research,", "6amIaboP9oy-00013-00003420-00003626": "we hope to raise awareness around", "6amIaboP9oy-00014-00003626-00003811": "the topic of spark discussions", "6amIaboP9oy-00015-00003811-00004053": "among yourselves and today some of", "6amIaboP9oy-00016-00004053-00004323": "the panel will be discussing their", "6amIaboP9oy-00017-00004323-00004512": "experience on publishing open.", "6amIaboP9oy-00018-00004513-00004687": "And self archiving their own research.", "6amIaboP9oy-00019-00004688-00004804": "The benefits of that.", "6amIaboP9oy-00020-00004804-00004862": "The drawbacks.", "6amIaboP9oy-00021-00004862-00005007": "An why this conversations matters", "6amIaboP9oy-00022-00005007-00005123": "now in this moment.", "6amIaboP9oy-00023-00005124-00005323": "So we will have 10 to 15 minutes", "6amIaboP9oy-00024-00005323-00005542": "at the end of the session to", "6amIaboP9oy-00025-00005542-00005705": "have open questions from you,", "6amIaboP9oy-00026-00005706-00005850": "but please add comments and", "6amIaboP9oy-00027-00005850-00006026": "thoughts and questions in the chat.", "6amIaboP9oy-00028-00006026-00006188": "I will be monitoring the chat", "6amIaboP9oy-00029-00006188-00006333": "for questions for our panel", "6amIaboP9oy-00030-00006333-00006491": "to answer during this session,", "6amIaboP9oy-00031-00006492-00006675": "but we're also collecting your ideas", "6amIaboP9oy-00032-00006675-00006884": "and want more context 'cause we want", "6amIaboP9oy-00033-00006884-00007073": "to host future events on this topic.", "6amIaboP9oy-00034-00007073-00007277": "So what do you want to hear?", "6amIaboP9oy-00035-00007278-00007423": "What questions do you have?", "6amIaboP9oy-00036-00007423-00007628": "And we might be able to address", "6amIaboP9oy-00037-00007628-00007792": "those topics in the future.", "6amIaboP9oy-00038-00007792-00007926": "Think about even workshops", "6amIaboP9oy-00039-00007926-00008184": "will see so my name is Hannah.", "6amIaboP9oy-00040-00008184-00008388": "I'm the health scientist and professions", "6amIaboP9oy-00041-00008388-00008604": "librarian as well as the interim", "6amIaboP9oy-00042-00008604-00008788": "head for subject Liaison services,", "6amIaboP9oy-00043-00008789-00008919": "an Open Access publishing.", "6amIaboP9oy-00044-00008919-00009115": "Interests me because I to move", "6amIaboP9oy-00045-00009121-00009287": "science and research forward,", "6amIaboP9oy-00046-00009287-00009571": "everyone should be able to have a voice,", "6amIaboP9oy-00047-00009572-00009856": "not just those who can pay for access.", "6amIaboP9oy-00048-00009857-00010082": "So we think about evidence based", "6amIaboP9oy-00049-00010082-00010273": "practice and access to information", "6amIaboP9oy-00050-00010273-00010512": "and should be open for all of", "6amIaboP9oy-00051-00010512-00010710": "those to have access to it.", "6amIaboP9oy-00052-00010711-00010913": "In order to do that.", "6amIaboP9oy-00053-00010913-00010943": "Also,", "6amIaboP9oy-00054-00010943-00011094": "to increase inform citizens something", "6amIaboP9oy-00055-00011094-00011267": "I am very interested in myself,", "6amIaboP9oy-00056-00011267-00011439": "so now I'm going to pass it to", "6amIaboP9oy-00057-00011439-00011586": "the other three panelists to", "6amIaboP9oy-00058-00011586-00011751": "introduce themselves and give you", "6amIaboP9oy-00059-00011751-00011954": "a little tidbit to why they're", "6amIaboP9oy-00060-00011954-00012118": "interested in Open Access publishing", "6amIaboP9oy-00061-00012118-00012270": "is help archiving as well.", "6amIaboP9oy-00062-00012809-00013375": "So let's start with Evan.", "6amIaboP9oy-00063-00013375-00013585": "Alright, so my name is Evan Harris.", "6amIaboP9oy-00064-00013586-00013809": "I use he him his pronouns an I'm an", "6amIaboP9oy-00065-00013809-00013958": "assistant professor in the Department", "6amIaboP9oy-00066-00013958-00014216": "of Social Work which is in the College", "6amIaboP9oy-00067-00014216-00014401": "of Health Sciences and Professions.", "6amIaboP9oy-00068-00014402-00014610": "In short, I think that I'm interested", "6amIaboP9oy-00069-00014610-00014766": "in Open Access publishing because", "6amIaboP9oy-00070-00014766-00015008": "it's a way for me to really engage", "6amIaboP9oy-00071-00015015-00015190": "in practice of social work and", "6amIaboP9oy-00072-00015190-00015368": "uphold the values of the social", "6amIaboP9oy-00073-00015368-00015488": "work profession within academia.", "6amIaboP9oy-00074-00015488-00015693": "And I believe that really just", "6amIaboP9oy-00075-00015693-00015829": "the emancipation of information", "6amIaboP9oy-00076-00015834-00015971": "and kind of like to hand.", "6amIaboP9oy-00077-00015972-00016122": "This point is really empowering", "6amIaboP9oy-00078-00016122-00016183": "community community.", "6amIaboP9oy-00079-00016184-00016409": "So I think it's something that just", "6amIaboP9oy-00080-00016409-00016630": "kind of helps me do social work.", "6amIaboP9oy-00081-00016631-00016821": "From my position in academia.", "6amIaboP9oy-00082-00017092-00017209": "Thank you Berkeley.", "6amIaboP9oy-00083-00017209-00017509": "You want to go next. Thanks so much.", "6amIaboP9oy-00084-00017509-00017647": "So I'm Berkeley Franz.", "6amIaboP9oy-00085-00017648-00017855": "I'm a faculty member in the", "6amIaboP9oy-00086-00017855-00017994": "Department of Social Medicine,", "6amIaboP9oy-00087-00017994-00018201": "the Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine.", "6amIaboP9oy-00088-00018202-00018375": "I'm a sociologist by training.", "6amIaboP9oy-00089-00018375-00018582": "I'm really interested in Open Access", "6amIaboP9oy-00090-00018582-00018789": "publishing for a variety of reasons.", "6amIaboP9oy-00091-00018790-00019095": "The first is that you know the academic work", "6amIaboP9oy-00092-00019095-00019377": "that we do is rarely just just academic.", "6amIaboP9oy-00093-00019378-00019654": "It has implications for health in my field,", "6amIaboP9oy-00094-00019655-00019828": "for others, for social change.", "6amIaboP9oy-00095-00019828-00020001": "Another important contributions to society.", "6amIaboP9oy-00096-00020001-00020258": "So I just anytime you can make the", "6amIaboP9oy-00097-00020258-00020437": "information more widely available.", "6amIaboP9oy-00098-00020437-00020626": "All for it, another thing that", "6amIaboP9oy-00099-00020626-00020753": "I found though professionally,", "6amIaboP9oy-00100-00020753-00020940": "is that Open Access publishing allows", "6amIaboP9oy-00101-00020940-00021132": "me to collaborate better with others,", "6amIaboP9oy-00102-00021132-00021224": "including with students.", "6amIaboP9oy-00103-00021224-00021441": "Just having that kind of time saving", "6amIaboP9oy-00104-00021446-00021622": "ability to get access to something", "6amIaboP9oy-00105-00021622-00021827": "without going through a library website.", "6amIaboP9oy-00106-00021827-00022034": "It's really been helpful,", "6amIaboP9oy-00107-00022034-00022293": "so that's what interests me.", "6amIaboP9oy-00108-00022294-00022491": "K thank you, Ann Kelly.", "6amIaboP9oy-00109-00022491-00022743": "I'm Kelly brought and I am the assistant", "6amIaboP9oy-00110-00022743-00022958": "Dean for research and education", "6amIaboP9oy-00111-00022958-00023199": "services in the University libraries.", "6amIaboP9oy-00112-00023200-00023475": "I've been interested in Open Access for.", "6amIaboP9oy-00113-00023476-00023725": "I think I gave my first authors", "6amIaboP9oy-00114-00023725-00023883": "Rights Workshop to librarians", "6amIaboP9oy-00115-00023883-00024145": "and faculty almost 20 years ago,", "6amIaboP9oy-00116-00024146-00024381": "and so this is something that,", "6amIaboP9oy-00117-00024382-00024457": "as librarian,", "6amIaboP9oy-00118-00024457-00024721": "I've kept on top of an have", "6amIaboP9oy-00119-00024721-00024972": "been interested in for a very,", "6amIaboP9oy-00120-00024973-00025093": "very long time,", "6amIaboP9oy-00121-00025093-00025445": "and I'm super excited to have some faculty.", "6amIaboP9oy-00122-00025445-00025684": "Here with us and pushing us to have", "6amIaboP9oy-00123-00025684-00025877": "this conversation in a public way and", "6amIaboP9oy-00124-00025877-00026067": "helping us to advance our knowledge,", "6amIaboP9oy-00125-00026067-00026244": "an understanding of all of this,", "6amIaboP9oy-00126-00026244-00026394": "and so I think Hannah wants", "6amIaboP9oy-00127-00026394-00026570": "me to start with definitions.", "6amIaboP9oy-00128-00026570-00026626": "Now, right?", "6amIaboP9oy-00129-00026626-00026654": "OK,", "6amIaboP9oy-00130-00026654-00026917": "so I am going to throw a couple links", "6amIaboP9oy-00131-00026917-00027191": "in the chat as I can while I talk.", "6amIaboP9oy-00132-00027191-00027363": "I'm not good at talking and", "6amIaboP9oy-00133-00027363-00027547": "doing things at the same time,", "6amIaboP9oy-00134-00027547-00027783": "but I don't have a lot to do.", "6amIaboP9oy-00135-00027783-00027964": "So let me just start because we", "6amIaboP9oy-00136-00027964-00028182": "don't want to spend a lot of", "6amIaboP9oy-00137-00028182-00028315": "time talking about definitions,", "6amIaboP9oy-00138-00028316-00028541": "and we certainly can spend an hour.", "6amIaboP9oy-00139-00028542-00028758": "Talking about definitions around this issue,", "6amIaboP9oy-00140-00028758-00029047": "so I'm going to do a real speedily.", "6amIaboP9oy-00141-00029047-00029293": "I sent a link to Wikipedia which has", "6amIaboP9oy-00142-00029293-00029516": "some good basic information here.", "6amIaboP9oy-00143-00029517-00029841": "Open Access, OK as it is often referred to,", "6amIaboP9oy-00144-00029842-00030067": "is a set of principles and a range", "6amIaboP9oy-00145-00030067-00030269": "of practices through which research", "6amIaboP9oy-00146-00030269-00030454": "outputs are distributed online,", "6amIaboP9oy-00147-00030455-00030707": "free of cost and other access barriers.", "6amIaboP9oy-00148-00030708-00030924": "So our discussion today I think", "6amIaboP9oy-00149-00030924-00031106": "will mostly be around, oh,", "6amIaboP9oy-00150-00031106-00031217": "a Journal articles,", "6amIaboP9oy-00151-00031217-00031537": "but there are such a thing as 08 books,", "6amIaboP9oy-00152-00031538-00031701": "and there are also.", "6amIaboP9oy-00153-00031701-00032037": "Colors of OA used as shortcuts to refer", "6amIaboP9oy-00154-00032037-00032370": "to how an article or Journal becomes open,", "6amIaboP9oy-00155-00032370-00032711": "or what kind of open it is now.", "6amIaboP9oy-00156-00032711-00032881": "There's details in that", "6amIaboP9oy-00157-00032881-00033051": "Wikipedia article about that,", "6amIaboP9oy-00158-00033052-00033424": "and I also like this little Glossary from", "6amIaboP9oy-00159-00033424-00033733": "the University of North Texas libraries.", "6amIaboP9oy-00160-00033733-00034005": "Hopefully that link will work and so", "6amIaboP9oy-00161-00034005-00034320": "for today I'm just doing if we're going", "6amIaboP9oy-00162-00034320-00034597": "to talk about green and gold, right?", "6amIaboP9oy-00163-00034597-00034715": "So there's green.", "6amIaboP9oy-00164-00034715-00034755": "Oh,", "6amIaboP9oy-00165-00034755-00034953": "and this is typically a version", "6amIaboP9oy-00166-00034953-00035085": "of an article made", "6amIaboP9oy-00167-00035091-00035344": "available by the author from someplace", "6amIaboP9oy-00168-00035344-00035580": "other than the publishers platform,", "6amIaboP9oy-00169-00035580-00035807": "like a disciplinary or an institutional", "6amIaboP9oy-00170-00035807-00036012": "repository or an author's webpage.", "6amIaboP9oy-00171-00036012-00036129": "Increasingly contracts or", "6amIaboP9oy-00172-00036129-00036247": "your authors agreement,", "6amIaboP9oy-00173-00036248-00036578": "that what you sign when your articles been", "6amIaboP9oy-00174-00036578-00036875": "accepted with the publisher will give you.", "6amIaboP9oy-00175-00036875-00037169": "As the author, the right supposed to", "6amIaboP9oy-00176-00037169-00037450": "version of your article like this.", "6amIaboP9oy-00177-00037450-00037748": "Typically the publisher does not allow you", "6amIaboP9oy-00178-00037748-00038096": "to deposit or or post the final formatted", "6amIaboP9oy-00179-00038096-00038378": "published PDF version of the article.", "6amIaboP9oy-00180-00038378-00038703": "It's usually the final Ms word or Latex", "6amIaboP9oy-00181-00038703-00038997": "version of your article post repost,", "6amIaboP9oy-00182-00038997-00039173": "peer reviewed typically before", "6amIaboP9oy-00183-00039173-00039393": "the Journal editors format it.", "6amIaboP9oy-00184-00039394-00039591": "So sometimes people call this", "6amIaboP9oy-00185-00039591-00039850": "version of the article that's made", "6amIaboP9oy-00186-00039850-00040064": "available using greenoak practices.", "6amIaboP9oy-00187-00040065-00040130": "A preprint,", "6amIaboP9oy-00188-00040130-00040292": "but unfortunately some people call", "6amIaboP9oy-00189-00040292-00040528": "it a post print and some disciplines", "6amIaboP9oy-00190-00040528-00040774": "are in the practice of sharing their", "6amIaboP9oy-00191-00040774-00040978": "manuscripts even before peer review,", "6amIaboP9oy-00192-00040978-00041223": "and they refer to those as preprints.", "6amIaboP9oy-00193-00041223-00041298": "Frustratingly confusing.", "6amIaboP9oy-00194-00041298-00041373": "So anyway,", "6amIaboP9oy-00195-00041373-00041600": "for the practice of making a", "6amIaboP9oy-00196-00041606-00041797": "copy of your article available to", "6amIaboP9oy-00197-00041797-00041924": "the public for free,", "6amIaboP9oy-00198-00041925-00042258": "we refer to that as self archiving.", "6amIaboP9oy-00199-00042259-00042509": "But then there is also gold OK,", "6amIaboP9oy-00200-00042510-00042709": "and this refers to the publishing", "6amIaboP9oy-00201-00042709-00042925": "model where the final publisher version", "6amIaboP9oy-00202-00042925-00043191": "of an article is available from the", "6amIaboP9oy-00203-00043191-00043368": "publisher openly to all readers.", "6amIaboP9oy-00204-00043369-00043583": "Sometimes entire journals are gold away,", "6amIaboP9oy-00205-00043584-00043727": "sometimes only certain articles,", "6amIaboP9oy-00206-00043727-00043942": "and some journals are available gold.", "6amIaboP9oy-00207-00043942-00043976": "OK,", "6amIaboP9oy-00208-00043976-00044182": "there are a few different ways", "6amIaboP9oy-00209-00044182-00044371": "that gold away can happen,", "6amIaboP9oy-00210-00044371-00044549": "and they are all legitimate", "6amIaboP9oy-00211-00044549-00044692": "an include high quality,", "6amIaboP9oy-00212-00044693-00044836": "high impact Journal titles.", "6amIaboP9oy-00213-00044836-00045015": "Some journals are entirely open.", "6amIaboP9oy-00214-00045016-00045197": "That is, their articles are", "6amIaboP9oy-00215-00045197-00045379": "made freely available to read.", "6amIaboP9oy-00216-00045379-00045643": "On the publisher website or the", "6amIaboP9oy-00217-00045643-00045901": "entire Journal in its entire T.", "6amIaboP9oy-00218-00045902-00046071": "Cost to create and maintain", "6amIaboP9oy-00219-00046071-00046241": "these journals is managed in", "6amIaboP9oy-00220-00046248-00046495": "some way other than libraries or", "6amIaboP9oy-00221-00046495-00046618": "individuals paying subscriptions", "6amIaboP9oy-00222-00046618-00046854": "or access historically for profit.", "6amIaboP9oy-00223-00046855-00047111": "Commercial publishers do not offer", "6amIaboP9oy-00224-00047111-00047368": "their journals in this model.", "6amIaboP9oy-00225-00047368-00047599": "Sometimes authors or researcher or", "6amIaboP9oy-00226-00047599-00047830": "research funders pay the publisher", "6amIaboP9oy-00227-00047836-00048057": "upfront to make the article open.", "6amIaboP9oy-00228-00048058-00048273": "This is often called article", "6amIaboP9oy-00229-00048273-00048445": "processing charges or Apcs,", "6amIaboP9oy-00230-00048446-00048747": "but I've seen publishers call it Open", "6amIaboP9oy-00231-00048747-00049048": "Access fees and other names as well.", "6amIaboP9oy-00232-00049049-00049286": "Journals that use this model are", "6amIaboP9oy-00233-00049286-00049523": "often called hybrid oh ejournals.", "6amIaboP9oy-00234-00049523-00049781": "OK, so that's my brief definitions.", "6amIaboP9oy-00235-00049782-00050064": "Greeno a goldo a self archiving Owen", "6amIaboP9oy-00236-00050064-00050393": "general and if I've missed anything any.", "6amIaboP9oy-00237-00050393-00050730": "Panel anybody else feel free to add that in?", "6amIaboP9oy-00238-00050731-00051027": "I have some more links that I will", "6amIaboP9oy-00239-00051027-00051321": "throw in the chat as we move on", "6amIaboP9oy-00240-00051321-00051587": "is for anybody who wants to take", "6amIaboP9oy-00241-00051587-00051858": "a deeper dive into any of those", "6amIaboP9oy-00242-00051859-00051981": "definitions or practices.", "6amIaboP9oy-00243-00051981-00052021": "Thanks.", "6amIaboP9oy-00244-00052021-00052266": "Thank you Kelly for getting us", "6amIaboP9oy-00245-00052272-00052478": "kind of grounded an how we're", "6amIaboP9oy-00246-00052478-00052686": "defining Open Access and what we", "6amIaboP9oy-00247-00052686-00052845": "would be focusing on today.", "6amIaboP9oy-00248-00052845-00053073": "So let's get started with the questions.", "6amIaboP9oy-00249-00053074-00053237": "The first question I have", "6amIaboP9oy-00250-00053237-00053367": "goes to Berkeley first,", "6amIaboP9oy-00251-00053367-00053498": "so when initially considering", "6amIaboP9oy-00252-00053498-00053596": "Open Access publishing,", "6amIaboP9oy-00253-00053597-00053777": "what if any concerns did you", "6amIaboP9oy-00254-00053777-00053957": "have when you got started?", "6amIaboP9oy-00255-00054162-00054270": "That's a great question.", "6amIaboP9oy-00256-00054270-00054463": "In fact, I give a whole lecture to", "6amIaboP9oy-00257-00054463-00054615": "medical students who are embarking on", "6amIaboP9oy-00258-00054615-00054778": "research about some of the concerns", "6amIaboP9oy-00259-00054778-00054921": "about Open Access publishing,", "6amIaboP9oy-00260-00054921-00055083": "and for me, the biggest concern.", "6amIaboP9oy-00261-00055083-00055245": "As somebody who was on the", "6amIaboP9oy-00262-00055245-00055354": "tenure track was really,", "6amIaboP9oy-00263-00055354-00055597": "how is this going to be perceived by others,", "6amIaboP9oy-00264-00055598-00055779": "and how do I know that a Journal", "6amIaboP9oy-00265-00055779-00055899": "that's offering Open Access", "6amIaboP9oy-00266-00055899-00056004": "publishing is legitimate?", "6amIaboP9oy-00267-00056004-00056168": "So I kind of dealt with those", "6amIaboP9oy-00268-00056168-00056329": "in a couple different ways.", "6amIaboP9oy-00269-00056329-00056525": "One is that I actually checked in if", "6amIaboP9oy-00270-00056525-00056697": "I approached in tenure committee and", "6amIaboP9oy-00271-00056697-00056899": "checked in with other colleagues at all,", "6amIaboP9oy-00272-00056899-00057042": "you'd and mentors just to see", "6amIaboP9oy-00273-00057042-00057223": "how are some of these journals,", "6amIaboP9oy-00274-00057224-00057377": "either that are entirely Open", "6amIaboP9oy-00275-00057377-00057552": "Access or those that offer it.", "6amIaboP9oy-00276-00057552-00057708": "Or even are converting to", "6amIaboP9oy-00277-00057708-00057802": "Open Access platform.", "6amIaboP9oy-00278-00057803-00058014": "A lot of journals in my discipline", "6amIaboP9oy-00279-00058014-00058174": "and social medicine are converting", "6amIaboP9oy-00280-00058174-00058367": "to Open Access in recent years,", "6amIaboP9oy-00281-00058367-00058561": "so I was just kind of curious", "6amIaboP9oy-00282-00058561-00058744": "how this would be interpreted.", "6amIaboP9oy-00283-00058745-00058957": "It was on my application for promotion", "6amIaboP9oy-00284-00058957-00059179": "and tenure and the feedback that I", "6amIaboP9oy-00285-00059179-00059365": "got was was pretty reassuring that", "6amIaboP9oy-00286-00059371-00059560": "it really was about Journal quality", "6amIaboP9oy-00287-00059560-00059751": "and that the access format didn't", "6amIaboP9oy-00288-00059751-00060011": "matter as much as you know some of.", "6amIaboP9oy-00289-00060011-00060128": "Traditional indicators like", "6amIaboP9oy-00290-00060128-00060245": "impact factor and.", "6amIaboP9oy-00291-00060471-00060629": "Not being predatory, so that kind", "6amIaboP9oy-00292-00060629-00060817": "of relieve some of those concerns,", "6amIaboP9oy-00293-00060817-00060962": "but then also, you know,", "6amIaboP9oy-00294-00060962-00061148": "just trying to figure out if a", "6amIaboP9oy-00295-00061148-00061337": "Journal is truly legitimate or not.", "6amIaboP9oy-00296-00061338-00061555": "I think it takes some time to figure out", "6amIaboP9oy-00297-00061555-00061769": "there are some helpful lists out there", "6amIaboP9oy-00298-00061769-00061945": "that list known predatory journals,", "6amIaboP9oy-00299-00061945-00062143": "but there are some journals that seem", "6amIaboP9oy-00300-00062143-00062375": "to operate in kind of a Gray area that", "6amIaboP9oy-00301-00062375-00062580": "that can make you feel uncomfortable,", "6amIaboP9oy-00302-00062580-00062696": "especially when it comes", "6amIaboP9oy-00303-00062696-00062782": "to academic integrity.", "6amIaboP9oy-00304-00062783-00063053": "You definitely don't want to feel like", "6amIaboP9oy-00305-00063053-00063278": "you're somehow paying for publication.", "6amIaboP9oy-00306-00063279-00063450": "To support your career and so", "6amIaboP9oy-00307-00063450-00063622": "that's a little nerve wracking,", "6amIaboP9oy-00308-00063622-00063833": "I think is to know when a", "6amIaboP9oy-00309-00063833-00063965": "Journal is offering this,", "6amIaboP9oy-00310-00063965-00064121": "because they truly believed in", "6amIaboP9oy-00311-00064121-00064214": "democratizing academic research,", "6amIaboP9oy-00312-00064215-00064464": "rather than just purely profiting off of it.", "6amIaboP9oy-00313-00064465-00064558": "So for me,", "6amIaboP9oy-00314-00064558-00064744": "those are the two biggest concerns,", "6amIaboP9oy-00315-00064745-00064967": "and I would say that they haven't just", "6amIaboP9oy-00316-00064967-00065181": "dissuaded me from publishing Open Access.", "6amIaboP9oy-00317-00065182-00065431": "I still publish Open Access a fair amount,", "6amIaboP9oy-00318-00065432-00065679": "maybe about 25% or maybe 20% of the", "6amIaboP9oy-00319-00065679-00065829": "journals articles that I published", "6amIaboP9oy-00320-00065829-00066025": "are Open Access journals by choice,", "6amIaboP9oy-00321-00066025-00066304": "which I can talk about a little bit later,", "6amIaboP9oy-00322-00066305-00066404": "but some of the.", "6amIaboP9oy-00323-00066404-00066592": "Research funding that I have now actually", "6amIaboP9oy-00324-00066592-00066788": "requires that I publish Open Access,", "6amIaboP9oy-00325-00066789-00067025": "so I think there is this kind of growing", "6amIaboP9oy-00326-00067025-00067191": "acceptance and support for this work.", "6amIaboP9oy-00327-00067192-00067367": "As long as you can ensure that", "6amIaboP9oy-00328-00067367-00067515": "the Journal is about board.", "6amIaboP9oy-00329-00067920-00068171": "Any other two of our panelists want to", "6amIaboP9oy-00330-00068171-00068397": "address the question as well or kind", "6amIaboP9oy-00331-00068397-00068624": "of riff off what Berkeley mentioned.", "6amIaboP9oy-00332-00069027-00069252": "I definitely have gotten similar", "6amIaboP9oy-00333-00069252-00069509": "questions from students about is it", "6amIaboP9oy-00334-00069509-00069781": "legit if I open it or if I publish in", "6amIaboP9oy-00335-00069781-00070023": "Open Access like what does that mean?", "6amIaboP9oy-00336-00070024-00070308": "So I think this is pretty common to have", "6amIaboP9oy-00337-00070308-00070592": "some of these doubts because it doesn't.", "6amIaboP9oy-00338-00070593-00070771": "It doesn't always fit what", "6amIaboP9oy-00339-00070771-00070877": "we think traditionally.", "6amIaboP9oy-00340-00070878-00071020": "What Journal publication should", "6amIaboP9oy-00341-00071020-00071239": "look like necessarily? So an open.", "6amIaboP9oy-00342-00071239-00071463": "I think for awhile prior to", "6amIaboP9oy-00343-00071463-00071739": "kind of like to move it move it.", "6amIaboP9oy-00344-00071740-00071925": "Sure, now that we're seeing that", "6amIaboP9oy-00345-00071925-00072111": "they are credible and they are", "6amIaboP9oy-00346-00072111-00072307": "peer reviewed and we know that now,", "6amIaboP9oy-00347-00072308-00072483": "but there are still some like", "6amIaboP9oy-00348-00072483-00072635": "pass a lingering assumptions made", "6amIaboP9oy-00349-00072635-00072786": "about what this actually means.", "6amIaboP9oy-00350-00072787-00072906": "I am happy, oh,", "6amIaboP9oy-00351-00072906-00073086": "I've seen someone Open Access page.", "6amIaboP9oy-00352-00073086-00073218": "Someone sharing some resources.", "6amIaboP9oy-00353-00073218-00073416": "So you mentioned some lists about", "6amIaboP9oy-00354-00073421-00073563": "where to go for Open Access.", "6amIaboP9oy-00355-00073564-00073771": "Kind of predatory watch is I think", "6amIaboP9oy-00356-00073771-00074011": "we have some list like that as well,", "6amIaboP9oy-00357-00074012-00074242": "but if you have a chance if we can", "6amIaboP9oy-00358-00074242-00074470": "go back to this chat and stick", "6amIaboP9oy-00359-00074470-00074669": "some of those links in there,", "6amIaboP9oy-00360-00074670-00075006": "I think that would be helpful to folks.", "6amIaboP9oy-00361-00075006-00075069": "As well,", "6amIaboP9oy-00362-00075069-00075370": "so I'm I'm saying that out loud to also", "6amIaboP9oy-00363-00075370-00075631": "remind myself to do the same thing.", "6amIaboP9oy-00364-00075631-00075734": "OK, second question.", "6amIaboP9oy-00365-00075734-00075907": "We're gonna start with Kelly.", "6amIaboP9oy-00366-00075908-00076225": "What are the benefits of Open Access", "6amIaboP9oy-00367-00076225-00076516": "publishing and what are the drawbacks?", "6amIaboP9oy-00368-00076517-00076577": "Oh OK,", "6amIaboP9oy-00369-00076577-00076893": "so I'm sure I'm not going to list them all,", "6amIaboP9oy-00370-00076894-00077147": "but I have a few that I would like to", "6amIaboP9oy-00371-00077154-00077427": "highlight on both ends of that question.", "6amIaboP9oy-00372-00077428-00077515": "First of all,", "6amIaboP9oy-00373-00077515-00077719": "there is research that finds that Open", "6amIaboP9oy-00374-00077725-00077960": "Access articles are more highly cited now.", "6amIaboP9oy-00375-00077961-00078184": "Who cites them where they're being cited and", "6amIaboP9oy-00376-00078184-00078400": "the value of citation counts themselves?", "6amIaboP9oy-00377-00078401-00078618": "That's all debatable for you in your", "6amIaboP9oy-00378-00078618-00078777": "P&T committees point number two.", "6amIaboP9oy-00379-00078778-00078839": "Another benefit,", "6amIaboP9oy-00380-00078839-00079084": "the more I think this is what Berkeley", "6amIaboP9oy-00381-00079090-00079280": "was referring to at the beginning.", "6amIaboP9oy-00382-00079280-00079508": "The more people will be able to", "6amIaboP9oy-00383-00079508-00079698": "read your research if it's open.", "6amIaboP9oy-00384-00079699-00079837": "Just plain and simple.", "6amIaboP9oy-00385-00079837-00080099": "So you will have a greater ability", "6amIaboP9oy-00386-00080099-00080242": "to impact practice,", "6amIaboP9oy-00387-00080242-00080581": "so of course the level of importance", "6amIaboP9oy-00388-00080581-00080876": "of that particular thing to you is.", "6amIaboP9oy-00389-00080877-00081069": "Highly dependent on your research", "6amIaboP9oy-00390-00081069-00081309": "and your you know your field.", "6amIaboP9oy-00391-00081309-00081544": "So if the audience for your", "6amIaboP9oy-00392-00081544-00081662": "research is practitioners,", "6amIaboP9oy-00393-00081663-00081931": "I think that this can be a really", "6amIaboP9oy-00394-00081931-00082154": "important component of where you choose", "6amIaboP9oy-00395-00082154-00082377": "to publish from a library's perspective", "6amIaboP9oy-00396-00082384-00082605": "and academic libraries perspective,", "6amIaboP9oy-00397-00082606-00082648": "particularly,", "6amIaboP9oy-00398-00082648-00082859": "we encourage researchers to push", "6amIaboP9oy-00399-00082859-00083028": "the scholarly communication system", "6amIaboP9oy-00400-00083034-00083195": "whenever and wherever they can,", "6amIaboP9oy-00401-00083196-00083352": "because the traditional commercial", "6amIaboP9oy-00402-00083352-00083548": "model is unsustainable and broken,", "6amIaboP9oy-00403-00083549-00083950": "and so we need a new system that's built on.", "6amIaboP9oy-00404-00083950-00084129": "A sustainable business model where", "6amIaboP9oy-00405-00084129-00084352": "we're not relying on our faculty", "6amIaboP9oy-00406-00084352-00084571": "to produce research that then the", "6amIaboP9oy-00407-00084571-00084810": "institution has to turn around and", "6amIaboP9oy-00408-00084810-00084973": "pay outrageous subscription fees", "6amIaboP9oy-00409-00084973-00085193": "for its commercial publishers so", "6amIaboP9oy-00410-00085193-00085484": "that our students have access to", "6amIaboP9oy-00411-00085484-00085747": "the research you just completed.", "6amIaboP9oy-00412-00085748-00085882": "What are the drawbacks?", "6amIaboP9oy-00413-00085882-00086084": "I think really like the drawbacks", "6amIaboP9oy-00414-00086090-00086202": "are it's it's hard.", "6amIaboP9oy-00415-00086203-00086429": "It's hard to understand the system", "6amIaboP9oy-00416-00086429-00086618": "'cause it's so complicated right", "6amIaboP9oy-00417-00086618-00086831": "now and I think the other drawback", "6amIaboP9oy-00418-00086831-00086892": "might be", "6amIaboP9oy-00419-00086898-00087149": "an is that it may not be the most", "6amIaboP9oy-00420-00087149-00087300": "prestigious Journal in your field", "6amIaboP9oy-00421-00087300-00087485": "and then you have to navigate", "6amIaboP9oy-00422-00087491-00087665": "the PNT implications of that.", "6amIaboP9oy-00423-00088204-00088409": "That's a really good point I think", "6amIaboP9oy-00424-00088409-00088540": "about the complicated nature,", "6amIaboP9oy-00425-00088540-00088692": "which, if we are already,", "6amIaboP9oy-00426-00088692-00088906": "I'm saying we kind of inclusively to", "6amIaboP9oy-00427-00088906-00089066": "the scholarly community we're used", "6amIaboP9oy-00428-00089066-00089250": "to publishing in journals were used", "6amIaboP9oy-00429-00089250-00089441": "to publishing in, or are well known.", "6amIaboP9oy-00430-00089441-00089603": "So there's some comfort in that", "6amIaboP9oy-00431-00089609-00089816": "knowledge of what we already know", "6amIaboP9oy-00432-00089816-00090003": "versus this complicated system of like.", "6amIaboP9oy-00433-00090004-00090156": "Well, what is Golden, open,", "6amIaboP9oy-00434-00090156-00090339": "and does it impact my tenure?", "6amIaboP9oy-00435-00090339-00090637": "And then why spend that time and", "6amIaboP9oy-00436-00090637-00090835": "effort investigating when I could", "6amIaboP9oy-00437-00090835-00091087": "just continue to do what I do? Uhm?", "6amIaboP9oy-00438-00091087-00091328": "Berkeley, do you want to speak on", "6amIaboP9oy-00439-00091328-00091588": "this a little bit more as well?", "6amIaboP9oy-00440-00091589-00091757": "Sure, I can just add a few other", "6amIaboP9oy-00441-00091757-00091953": "things and I definitely yeah just to", "6amIaboP9oy-00442-00091953-00092102": "support everything Kelly just said.", "6amIaboP9oy-00443-00092103-00092256": "That's really helpful for me personally.", "6amIaboP9oy-00444-00092257-00092392": "Some of the benefits that I found", "6amIaboP9oy-00445-00092392-00092587": "is that it really has actually been", "6amIaboP9oy-00446-00092587-00092719": "helpful for research collaboration.", "6amIaboP9oy-00447-00092720-00092924": "I think I mentioned that in my intro,", "6amIaboP9oy-00448-00092925-00093076": "but I've had people reach out because", "6amIaboP9oy-00449-00093076-00093191": "of Open Access articles because", "6amIaboP9oy-00450-00093191-00093352": "they were able to find them easily", "6amIaboP9oy-00451-00093352-00093537": "and that's led to really productive", "6amIaboP9oy-00452-00093537-00093663": "research collaborations with individual", "6amIaboP9oy-00453-00093663-00093817": "that other institutions that I may", "6amIaboP9oy-00454-00093817-00094005": "not have been able to connect with.", "6amIaboP9oy-00455-00094005-00094051": "You know,", "6amIaboP9oy-00456-00094051-00094214": "if it weren't at the same conference", "6amIaboP9oy-00457-00094214-00094339": "or something like that,", "6amIaboP9oy-00458-00094339-00094492": "so that's really valuable to me.", "6amIaboP9oy-00459-00094493-00094662": "I definitely also find that when", "6amIaboP9oy-00460-00094662-00094776": "I work with students.", "6amIaboP9oy-00461-00094776-00094935": "Are likely to have read articles", "6amIaboP9oy-00462-00094935-00095079": "that were published Open Access,", "6amIaboP9oy-00463-00095079-00095134": "because again,", "6amIaboP9oy-00464-00095134-00095329": "I think people are busy and they", "6amIaboP9oy-00465-00095329-00095509": "don't always want to go into the", "6amIaboP9oy-00466-00095509-00095656": "database and pull an article,", "6amIaboP9oy-00467-00095656-00095876": "even if they do have it academic affiliation.", "6amIaboP9oy-00468-00095876-00096044": "So I think that that just kind of", "6amIaboP9oy-00469-00096044-00096265": "lends itself to that Glauber kind of", "6amIaboP9oy-00470-00096265-00096370": "collaborative research relationships,", "6amIaboP9oy-00471-00096371-00096430": "which is.", "6amIaboP9oy-00472-00096430-00096609": "Something that I really enjoy in", "6amIaboP9oy-00473-00096609-00096807": "terms of my research in terms", "6amIaboP9oy-00474-00096807-00096973": "of other benefits I mentioned.", "6amIaboP9oy-00475-00096974-00097151": "So I'm currently I work with a", "6amIaboP9oy-00476-00097151-00097387": "colleague in CSP and we have a Robert", "6amIaboP9oy-00477-00097387-00097541": "Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Grant", "6amIaboP9oy-00478-00097547-00097684": "and they actually just started", "6amIaboP9oy-00479-00097684-00097822": "as we got our grant,", "6amIaboP9oy-00480-00097823-00097956": "they started requiring all people", "6amIaboP9oy-00481-00097956-00098134": "who are funded to only publish,", "6amIaboP9oy-00482-00098134-00098219": "disseminate their findings", "6amIaboP9oy-00483-00098219-00098332": "through Open Access journals,", "6amIaboP9oy-00484-00098333-00098500": "so that can be another benefit is", "6amIaboP9oy-00485-00098500-00098696": "that I think funders like this because", "6amIaboP9oy-00486-00098696-00098911": "it really expands the impact of the", "6amIaboP9oy-00487-00098911-00099067": "work that researchers are doing.", "6amIaboP9oy-00488-00099068-00099236": "So I think that also can get", "6amIaboP9oy-00489-00099236-00099443": "your work out there in ways that", "6amIaboP9oy-00490-00099443-00099605": "are helpful to you individually,", "6amIaboP9oy-00491-00099606-00099974": "but also that might appeal to the people.", "6amIaboP9oy-00492-00099975-00100082": "Pulling your work.", "6amIaboP9oy-00493-00100082-00100224": "In terms of drawbacks,", "6amIaboP9oy-00494-00100225-00100366": "I think the biggest ones have", "6amIaboP9oy-00495-00100366-00100437": "already been mentioned,", "6amIaboP9oy-00496-00100438-00100603": "but it really just takes more time.", "6amIaboP9oy-00497-00100604-00100793": "I think to figure out a journals legitimate,", "6amIaboP9oy-00498-00100794-00100944": "you know it made us be easier to", "6amIaboP9oy-00499-00100944-00101081": "go the traditional route because", "6amIaboP9oy-00500-00101081-00101270": "you know that Journal is well", "6amIaboP9oy-00501-00101270-00101425": "respected in your field and a newer", "6amIaboP9oy-00502-00101425-00101568": "one may also be a great Journal.", "6amIaboP9oy-00503-00101568-00101750": "But then that's on you to to really", "6amIaboP9oy-00504-00101750-00101939": "be careful and know that that's a", "6amIaboP9oy-00505-00101939-00102085": "legitimate place and some of the", "6amIaboP9oy-00506-00102085-00102216": "things that you might look out", "6amIaboP9oy-00507-00102216-00102370": "for is like who's on the editorial", "6amIaboP9oy-00508-00102370-00102435": "board of a", "6amIaboP9oy-00509-00102441-00102619": "new Journal. I've heard stories of", "6amIaboP9oy-00510-00102619-00102769": "people being an editorial boards", "6amIaboP9oy-00511-00102769-00102957": "that they never agreed to be on so", "6amIaboP9oy-00512-00102957-00103102": "they can take your name sometimes", "6amIaboP9oy-00513-00103102-00103276": "and just put it on there and.", "6amIaboP9oy-00514-00103277-00103418": "You didn't consent to that", "6amIaboP9oy-00515-00103418-00103531": "and didn't know that,", "6amIaboP9oy-00516-00103532-00103765": "but it makes it kind of lends it some", "6amIaboP9oy-00517-00103765-00103956": "credibility that it doesn't actually have,", "6amIaboP9oy-00518-00103956-00104114": "so they're kind of tricky sometimes", "6amIaboP9oy-00519-00104114-00104309": "and you have to be really willing", "6amIaboP9oy-00520-00104309-00104448": "to do some investigative work", "6amIaboP9oy-00521-00104448-00104634": "to see how legitimate they are.", "6amIaboP9oy-00522-00104634-00104849": "I'm sure everybody here gets emails asking", "6amIaboP9oy-00523-00104849-00105023": "for manuscripts to be submitted based", "6amIaboP9oy-00524-00105023-00105230": "on some of the work that you've done,", "6amIaboP9oy-00525-00105230-00105382": "and I certainly don't think at", "6amIaboP9oy-00526-00105382-00105580": "this stage in my career that I'm", "6amIaboP9oy-00527-00105580-00105731": "important enough to be contacted", "6amIaboP9oy-00528-00105731-00105910": "all the time by journals asking", "6amIaboP9oy-00529-00105910-00106112": "for me to write articles for them,", "6amIaboP9oy-00530-00106112-00106347": "and so that's usually a red flag.", "6amIaboP9oy-00531-00106348-00106556": "They are probably not a legitimate Journal,", "6amIaboP9oy-00532-00106557-00106606": "but again,", "6amIaboP9oy-00533-00106606-00106754": "it's just you always have that", "6amIaboP9oy-00534-00106754-00106958": "kind of burden of wanting to prove", "6amIaboP9oy-00535-00106958-00107107": "that before you submit something", "6amIaboP9oy-00536-00107112-00107318": "which you don't always have with", "6amIaboP9oy-00537-00107318-00107420": "traditional format journals.", "6amIaboP9oy-00538-00107767-00107920": "Thank you and Evan.", "6amIaboP9oy-00539-00107920-00108206": "I'm gonna prompt the next question to you,", "6amIaboP9oy-00540-00108207-00108428": "but I feel like there's a real", "6amIaboP9oy-00541-00108428-00108608": "link between the drawbacks and", "6amIaboP9oy-00542-00108608-00108878": "kind of the perks of Open Access", "6amIaboP9oy-00543-00108878-00109052": "publishing with this question.", "6amIaboP9oy-00544-00109052-00109307": "So feel free to blur the lines.", "6amIaboP9oy-00545-00109308-00109497": "Why does Openaccess publishing", "6amIaboP9oy-00546-00109497-00109686": "appeal to you specifically?", "6amIaboP9oy-00547-00109686-00109901": "Yeah, I mean I think for a lot of the", "6amIaboP9oy-00548-00109907-00110121": "reasons that we've discussed already,", "6amIaboP9oy-00549-00110122-00110302": "I think for sure as a social worker", "6amIaboP9oy-00550-00110302-00110513": "that it really allows me to provide", "6amIaboP9oy-00551-00110513-00110673": "that access to individuals within", "6amIaboP9oy-00552-00110678-00110846": "the field within the profession.", "6amIaboP9oy-00553-00110847-00110963": "So for one Journal,", "6amIaboP9oy-00554-00110963-00111050": "subscriptions are costly", "6amIaboP9oy-00555-00111050-00111136": "and as practitioners,", "6amIaboP9oy-00556-00111136-00111323": "how do you decide which Journal", "6amIaboP9oy-00557-00111323-00111531": "subscription is going to be the one", "6amIaboP9oy-00558-00111531-00111687": "that's going to serve you best?", "6amIaboP9oy-00559-00111688-00111919": "And so I don't think that we always", "6amIaboP9oy-00560-00111919-00112093": "think about how much it costs.", "6amIaboP9oy-00561-00112094-00112294": "Even our libraries to buy our content back", "6amIaboP9oy-00562-00112294-00112500": "and how much those subscriptions cost.", "6amIaboP9oy-00563-00112500-00112678": "So once we graduate students then", "6amIaboP9oy-00564-00112678-00112876": "they're kind of out on their own,", "6amIaboP9oy-00565-00112877-00113067": "not really being able to have", "6amIaboP9oy-00566-00113067-00113195": "access to that information.", "6amIaboP9oy-00567-00113195-00113433": "So I feel like I'm certainly supporting", "6amIaboP9oy-00568-00113433-00113668": "my profession by making sure that I'm", "6amIaboP9oy-00569-00113668-00113919": "getting as much stuff out there and open,", "6amIaboP9oy-00570-00113919-00114086": "act towards or self archiving my", "6amIaboP9oy-00571-00114086-00114309": "content as much as possible and I", "6amIaboP9oy-00572-00114309-00114519": "really feel like that it's empowering", "6amIaboP9oy-00573-00114519-00114665": "communities so just increasing", "6amIaboP9oy-00574-00114665-00114839": "access to individuals out there.", "6amIaboP9oy-00575-00114840-00115071": "But I also feel like there's always", "6amIaboP9oy-00576-00115071-00115267": "that little bit of a struggle,", "6amIaboP9oy-00577-00115268-00115450": "at least for me and within social", "6amIaboP9oy-00578-00115450-00115670": "work that I think that we are", "6amIaboP9oy-00579-00115670-00115838": "supposed to provide research and", "6amIaboP9oy-00580-00115838-00116023": "support for oppressed population.", "6amIaboP9oy-00581-00116024-00116260": "So then that means we're going in.", "6amIaboP9oy-00582-00116260-00116418": "Doing work in conducting research", "6amIaboP9oy-00583-00116418-00116513": "with oppressed populations.", "6amIaboP9oy-00584-00116513-00116706": "So I feel like if I'm conducting", "6amIaboP9oy-00585-00116706-00116859": "research with those communities,", "6amIaboP9oy-00586-00116859-00117098": "if I'm doing Open Access and getting", "6amIaboP9oy-00587-00117098-00117263": "that out information out there", "6amIaboP9oy-00588-00117263-00117459": "that I feel that I'm I'm better", "6amIaboP9oy-00589-00117459-00117680": "doing the job of making sure that", "6amIaboP9oy-00590-00117680-00117867": "I'm not taking advantage of that", "6amIaboP9oy-00591-00117867-00118024": "community for my sole benefit.", "6amIaboP9oy-00592-00118025-00118244": "But I'm actually doing this research for", "6amIaboP9oy-00593-00118244-00118533": "them to get that back out there that they", "6amIaboP9oy-00594-00118533-00118750": "can use for themselves or others can.", "6amIaboP9oy-00595-00118750-00118975": "So I feel like it kind of helps address", "6amIaboP9oy-00596-00118975-00119221": "that potential ethical issue with research,", "6amIaboP9oy-00597-00119222-00119347": "and I think so.", "6amIaboP9oy-00598-00119347-00119451": "Further, as a researcher,", "6amIaboP9oy-00599-00119451-00119648": "I want to reduce any barriers that I", "6amIaboP9oy-00600-00119648-00119798": "have for others to access my work,", "6amIaboP9oy-00601-00119799-00120017": "and it might work has some meaning for some.", "6amIaboP9oy-00602-00120018-00120224": "One that they can kind of connect", "6amIaboP9oy-00603-00120224-00120382": "with that and access it,", "6amIaboP9oy-00604-00120383-00120564": "and I think as a person,", "6amIaboP9oy-00605-00120565-00120747": "kind of like what Kelly was", "6amIaboP9oy-00606-00120747-00120838": "talking about before.", "6amIaboP9oy-00607-00120839-00121029": "I want to really reduce my contributions", "6amIaboP9oy-00608-00121029-00121204": "to systems that disempower others,", "6amIaboP9oy-00609-00121204-00121369": "and I think that just don't", "6amIaboP9oy-00610-00121369-00121519": "otherwise seem Justin with the", "6amIaboP9oy-00611-00121519-00121690": "academic kind of publishing complex.", "6amIaboP9oy-00612-00121690-00121906": "I feel like there's a lot of stuff", "6amIaboP9oy-00613-00121906-00122153": "in there that I just want to avoid", "6amIaboP9oy-00614-00122153-00122358": "contributing to as much as possible,", "6amIaboP9oy-00615-00122358-00122571": "so I personally try to seek out", "6amIaboP9oy-00616-00122571-00122663": "gold away journals.", "6amIaboP9oy-00617-00122663-00122877": "So just journals that are always Open", "6amIaboP9oy-00618-00122877-00123075": "Access and aren't at all connected", "6amIaboP9oy-00619-00123075-00123242": "to a larger academic publisher.", "6amIaboP9oy-00620-00123243-00123465": "But again, those are kind of hard to find.", "6amIaboP9oy-00621-00123466-00123639": "Sometimes you can't find him on listservs,", "6amIaboP9oy-00622-00123640-00123862": "and you kind of have to know about them,", "6amIaboP9oy-00623-00123863-00124011": "and they're a little bit different,", "6amIaboP9oy-00624-00124011-00124168": "more difficult to kind of identify", "6amIaboP9oy-00625-00124168-00124308": "which ones are credible or not,", "6amIaboP9oy-00626-00124308-00124533": "but for me it seems like it's something", "6amIaboP9oy-00627-00124533-00124756": "that's worth it for me to put in that work,", "6amIaboP9oy-00628-00124756-00124894": "because I think what they're doing", "6amIaboP9oy-00629-00124894-00125095": "is more in line with my values and", "6amIaboP9oy-00630-00125095-00125226": "the values within my profession.", "6amIaboP9oy-00631-00125564-00125934": "Yeah, I want to talk a little bit more if we", "6amIaboP9oy-00632-00125934-00126240": "can about this idea of Community research.", "6amIaboP9oy-00633-00126241-00126518": "And then when that the final product", "6amIaboP9oy-00634-00126518-00126746": "when they're supposed to be shared", "6amIaboP9oy-00635-00126746-00126981": "partners or part of your research is", "6amIaboP9oy-00636-00126988-00127255": "now othered from their access I attend.", "6amIaboP9oy-00637-00127256-00127449": "I remember attending a community", "6amIaboP9oy-00638-00127449-00127709": "research workshop and this was one of", "6amIaboP9oy-00639-00127709-00127924": "the core issues that folks had even", "6amIaboP9oy-00640-00127924-00128158": "related specifically to Ohio University.", "6amIaboP9oy-00641-00128158-00128458": "Is, like you say, your focus on community,", "6amIaboP9oy-00642-00128458-00128525": "an enrichment.", "6amIaboP9oy-00643-00128525-00128756": "And work, but yet the final product", "6amIaboP9oy-00644-00128756-00128978": "isn't always accessible to the local", "6amIaboP9oy-00645-00128978-00129206": "health Department or two people who", "6amIaboP9oy-00646-00129206-00129436": "could actually use it to benefit", "6amIaboP9oy-00647-00129436-00129552": "the community intentionally.", "6amIaboP9oy-00648-00129552-00129762": "So you saying that Open Access?", "6amIaboP9oy-00649-00129763-00129891": "Kind of, you know,", "6amIaboP9oy-00650-00129891-00130225": "the loop then is closed a little bit more to", "6amIaboP9oy-00651-00130225-00130536": "make sure that they can use the resources,", "6amIaboP9oy-00652-00130536-00130776": "even if it's not a person like a", "6amIaboP9oy-00653-00130776-00131002": "public person sitting in their house", "6amIaboP9oy-00654-00131002-00131240": "reading this report on Saturday night,", "6amIaboP9oy-00655-00131241-00131522": "that's probably not going to be the case.", "6amIaboP9oy-00656-00131523-00131751": "But other people like professional organizor.", "6amIaboP9oy-00657-00131751-00131947": "Nonprofit organizations I'm thinking", "6amIaboP9oy-00658-00131947-00132192": "health Department 'cause I'm just", "6amIaboP9oy-00659-00132192-00132442": "in that mindset that mind space", "6amIaboP9oy-00660-00132442-00132681": "or even graduate students can use", "6amIaboP9oy-00661-00132681-00132871": "this to further the community.", "6amIaboP9oy-00662-00132872-00133282": "Do any other panelists have thoughts on the", "6amIaboP9oy-00663-00133282-00133621": "implications of the practice or community?", "6amIaboP9oy-00664-00133621-00133985": "I want to add any more information on that.", "6amIaboP9oy-00665-00133986-00134247": "I will say I threw in the chat that", "6amIaboP9oy-00666-00134247-00134546": "one of the libraries most often asked", "6amIaboP9oy-00667-00134546-00134792": "questions of recent alarm is how", "6amIaboP9oy-00668-00134792-00135041": "do I get access to all that library", "6amIaboP9oy-00669-00135042-00135252": "stuff I had before and it really", "6amIaboP9oy-00670-00135252-00135429": "does span the disciplines,", "6amIaboP9oy-00671-00135429-00135720": "but a lot of people in business and", "6amIaboP9oy-00672-00135720-00135991": "teacher Ed as well as the you know,", "6amIaboP9oy-00673-00135992-00136274": "the auxiliary health field.", "6amIaboP9oy-00674-00136274-00136491": "And the answer is you if you don't have", "6amIaboP9oy-00675-00136491-00136741": "an affiliation through your new employer,", "6amIaboP9oy-00676-00136742-00136928": "you've got your local Public Library,", "6amIaboP9oy-00677-00136929-00137178": "who may or may not have you know,", "6amIaboP9oy-00678-00137179-00137303": "access to scholarly literature", "6amIaboP9oy-00679-00137303-00137491": "at the level that you need.", "6amIaboP9oy-00680-00137877-00138140": "A lot of times we're at the", "6amIaboP9oy-00681-00138140-00138384": "mercy of what the platforms", "6amIaboP9oy-00682-00138384-00138628": "and publishers will allow.", "6amIaboP9oy-00683-00138629-00139130": "Versus our own. Uhm?", "6amIaboP9oy-00684-00139130-00139359": "Beliefs or ethics around what", "6amIaboP9oy-00685-00139359-00139542": "information literacy means and", "6amIaboP9oy-00686-00139542-00139777": "library access means to the public.", "6amIaboP9oy-00687-00139777-00140035": "It's not always an easy balance.", "6amIaboP9oy-00688-00140349-00140601": "I do want to real quick to revert", "6amIaboP9oy-00689-00140601-00140884": "to the chat and Sherry asks about.", "6amIaboP9oy-00690-00140885-00141153": "I think this is Berkeley when you were", "6amIaboP9oy-00691-00141153-00141381": "talking about some of those red flags", "6amIaboP9oy-00692-00141381-00141584": "you see when Open Access journals", "6amIaboP9oy-00693-00141584-00141831": "reach out to you specifically about", "6amIaboP9oy-00694-00141831-00142088": "publishing in their Journal and she says,", "6amIaboP9oy-00695-00142088-00142253": "what about may we translate", "6amIaboP9oy-00696-00142253-00142419": "article into another language?", "6amIaboP9oy-00697-00142420-00142656": "Is that something you see is a", "6amIaboP9oy-00698-00142656-00142918": "red flag or have you seen that?", "6amIaboP9oy-00699-00143182-00143383": "I personally have not had that request,", "6amIaboP9oy-00700-00143384-00143585": "so I'd be curious to hear from", "6amIaboP9oy-00701-00143585-00143731": "others that, yeah, that would", "6amIaboP9oy-00702-00143731-00143905": "strike me as a strange request,", "6amIaboP9oy-00703-00143905-00144077": "especially if they were, you know,", "6amIaboP9oy-00704-00144078-00144247": "hoping to have your work translated", "6amIaboP9oy-00705-00144247-00144425": "rather than you initiating that request.", "6amIaboP9oy-00706-00145092-00145254": "Yeah, I'm trying to think.", "6amIaboP9oy-00707-00145254-00145512": "I mean I've never had that request either,", "6amIaboP9oy-00708-00145513-00145837": "so I don't know if I can speak to that.", "6amIaboP9oy-00709-00145837-00145999": "No one on the panel.", "6amIaboP9oy-00710-00145999-00146415": "OK, I'm I'm curious 'cause part of me.", "6amIaboP9oy-00711-00146415-00146594": "Thanks about inequality of English", "6amIaboP9oy-00712-00146594-00146858": "being kind of the default language and", "6amIaboP9oy-00713-00146858-00147095": "the problems with that versus feeling", "6amIaboP9oy-00714-00147095-00147305": "sceptical about someone reaching out to", "6amIaboP9oy-00715-00147305-00147531": "me about a language about my research", "6amIaboP9oy-00716-00147531-00147845": "that isn't a language that I speak in", "6amIaboP9oy-00717-00147845-00148117": "potential translation issues with that so.", "6amIaboP9oy-00718-00148118-00148329": "I might have to do more research on it.", "6amIaboP9oy-00719-00148330-00148424": "That's an excellent question.", "6amIaboP9oy-00720-00148424-00148681": "Thank you, Sherry.", "6amIaboP9oy-00721-00148681-00148896": "OK, next question for the", "6amIaboP9oy-00722-00148896-00149068": "panel starts with Kelly.", "6amIaboP9oy-00723-00149069-00149370": "Why are we having this conversation now?", "6amIaboP9oy-00724-00149371-00149672": "What? Why is this an important conversation,", "6amIaboP9oy-00725-00149672-00150027": "especially where we're at today?", "6amIaboP9oy-00726-00150027-00150303": "So I have a couple answers to that,", "6amIaboP9oy-00727-00150304-00150574": "but I think part of that is an answer", "6amIaboP9oy-00728-00150574-00150822": "to Bill's question about is oh,", "6amIaboP9oy-00729-00150823-00151092": "you able to provide full or partial support", "6amIaboP9oy-00730-00151092-00151341": "to cover the costs of OA publishing?", "6amIaboP9oy-00731-00151342-00151520": "Especially given these fees", "6amIaboP9oy-00732-00151520-00151699": "are usually more expensive.", "6amIaboP9oy-00733-00151700-00152009": "Do we recognize does oh you recognize", "6amIaboP9oy-00734-00152009-00152294": "the benefit for itself in its", "6amIaboP9oy-00735-00152294-00152534": "researchers of OA publishing so?", "6amIaboP9oy-00736-00152535-00152747": "With the exception of an,", "6amIaboP9oy-00737-00152747-00153022": "I might get the the name wrong here", "6amIaboP9oy-00738-00153022-00153295": "of the researcher support Fund,", "6amIaboP9oy-00739-00153296-00153456": "that's not quite right.", "6amIaboP9oy-00740-00153456-00153762": "That comes out of the VPR's office,", "6amIaboP9oy-00741-00153762-00154057": "which I think is somewhere around $600.", "6amIaboP9oy-00742-00154058-00154353": "It might be $300 per faculty member.", "6amIaboP9oy-00743-00154354-00154607": "Somebody you guys have gotten it", "6amIaboP9oy-00744-00154607-00154885": "probably is 600. Evan says it's 600.", "6amIaboP9oy-00745-00154885-00155262": "Other than that there is I am unaware of", "6amIaboP9oy-00746-00155262-00155546": "an institutional line item in support.", "6amIaboP9oy-00747-00155547-00155755": "A faculties article,", "6amIaboP9oy-00748-00155755-00156171": "processing charges or Open Access fees.", "6amIaboP9oy-00749-00156172-00156431": "There are a lot of different ways", "6amIaboP9oy-00750-00156431-00156651": "that faculty I've helped faculty", "6amIaboP9oy-00751-00156651-00156803": "navigate that right.", "6amIaboP9oy-00752-00156804-00157140": "Some people write it into their grant fund,", "6amIaboP9oy-00753-00157140-00157181": "right?", "6amIaboP9oy-00754-00157181-00157429": "That they're going to pay out", "6amIaboP9oy-00755-00157429-00157603": "of their grant fees.", "6amIaboP9oy-00756-00157603-00157855": "Some type of Open Access charge.", "6amIaboP9oy-00757-00157856-00158048": "Other people have been successfully", "6amIaboP9oy-00758-00158048-00158240": "solicited grants or funding from", "6amIaboP9oy-00759-00158246-00158402": "their professional organization who", "6amIaboP9oy-00760-00158402-00158636": "is also interested in pushing the", "6amIaboP9oy-00761-00158642-00158823": "scholarly communication network,", "6amIaboP9oy-00762-00158824-00159049": "and other people have paid it", "6amIaboP9oy-00763-00159049-00159312": "themselves or out of their own", "6amIaboP9oy-00764-00159312-00159470": "research incentive funds.", "6amIaboP9oy-00765-00159471-00159658": "And other people just choose not", "6amIaboP9oy-00766-00159658-00159853": "to publish using the greeno a", "6amIaboP9oy-00767-00159853-00160075": "method when the upfront fees are so", "6amIaboP9oy-00768-00160075-00160267": "expensive that they're unaffordable.", "6amIaboP9oy-00769-00160267-00160508": "So now I'm going to be a", "6amIaboP9oy-00770-00160508-00160577": "librarian perspective,", "6amIaboP9oy-00771-00160578-00160681": "an article processing", "6amIaboP9oy-00772-00160681-00160889": "charges for the most part me.", "6amIaboP9oy-00773-00160890-00161166": "I'm not going to speak for my institution,", "6amIaboP9oy-00774-00161166-00161370": "although I see other librarians here", "6amIaboP9oy-00775-00161370-00161650": "and they can chip in whenever they want.", "6amIaboP9oy-00776-00161651-00161754": "I hate them.", "6amIaboP9oy-00777-00161754-00161997": "There are in for almost all cases,", "6amIaboP9oy-00778-00161997-00162217": "they are making us pay twice for", "6amIaboP9oy-00779-00162217-00162442": "the same stuff we are already", "6amIaboP9oy-00780-00162442-00162647": "paying a library subscription fee.", "6amIaboP9oy-00781-00162648-00162970": "And now we're going to pay an extra fee", "6amIaboP9oy-00782-00162970-00163363": "on top of that to make it open for everyone.", "6amIaboP9oy-00783-00163364-00163597": "I really we need to continue to", "6amIaboP9oy-00784-00163597-00163748": "experiment with different business", "6amIaboP9oy-00785-00163748-00163967": "models and different funding models,", "6amIaboP9oy-00786-00163968-00164230": "and we do this in the library.", "6amIaboP9oy-00787-00164231-00164381": "We've done some experimentation", "6amIaboP9oy-00788-00164381-00164532": "with Ohiolink to another,", "6amIaboP9oy-00789-00164533-00164707": "and internally in the library", "6amIaboP9oy-00790-00164707-00164928": "about figuring out ways that we", "6amIaboP9oy-00791-00164928-00165128": "can support unique and interesting", "6amIaboP9oy-00792-00165128-00165248": "models of publication.", "6amIaboP9oy-00793-00165249-00165472": "Trying to break away from these", "6amIaboP9oy-00794-00165472-00165708": "models where we are paying for.", "6amIaboP9oy-00795-00165709-00165909": "Profit commercial publishers a lot", "6amIaboP9oy-00796-00165909-00166189": "of money to publish the research that", "6amIaboP9oy-00797-00166189-00166408": "you guys are already doing often", "6amIaboP9oy-00798-00166408-00166658": "on the taxpayer dime. So sorry, no,", "6amIaboP9oy-00799-00166658-00166869": "I don't know of any great source to", "6amIaboP9oy-00800-00166869-00167042": "for your article processing charges,", "6amIaboP9oy-00801-00167043-00167258": "but this is one of the reasons why", "6amIaboP9oy-00802-00167258-00167413": "we're talking about this today,", "6amIaboP9oy-00803-00167414-00167585": "because it's it's a common question", "6amIaboP9oy-00804-00167585-00167700": "all the librarians get.", "6amIaboP9oy-00805-00167700-00167843": "How can I do this?", "6amIaboP9oy-00806-00167843-00168014": "I want to publish open it,", "6amIaboP9oy-00807-00168015-00168249": "but this is the Journal I want an it's", "6amIaboP9oy-00808-00168249-00168479": "going to charge me $3000 and we just", "6amIaboP9oy-00809-00168479-00168700": "don't have really good answers for that.", "6amIaboP9oy-00810-00168701-00168784": "Our answer is,", "6amIaboP9oy-00811-00168784-00168978": "let's talk about how to change the", "6amIaboP9oy-00812-00168984-00169144": "system and let's talk about how", "6amIaboP9oy-00813-00169144-00169358": "we can help you find quality gold.", "6amIaboP9oy-00814-00169359-00169480": "Oh, a publishing options,", "6amIaboP9oy-00815-00169480-00169663": "and let's encourage you to talk", "6amIaboP9oy-00816-00169669-00169791": "in your P&T committees.", "6amIaboP9oy-00817-00169792-00170047": "About what that means for promotion,", "6amIaboP9oy-00818-00170048-00170133": "intention, tenure,", "6amIaboP9oy-00819-00170133-00170432": "and how you can support that publishing.", "6amIaboP9oy-00820-00170433-00170816": "Ave OK, then the live now my library answer.", "6amIaboP9oy-00821-00170817-00171157": "Sorry going on too long about this one,", "6amIaboP9oy-00822-00171158-00171438": "but we have just finished a new", "6amIaboP9oy-00823-00171438-00171698": "strategic plan in the library and", "6amIaboP9oy-00824-00171698-00171958": "we are looking to develop and", "6amIaboP9oy-00825-00171958-00172182": "promote our new new services,", "6amIaboP9oy-00826-00172183-00172423": "an opportunities an align our practices", "6amIaboP9oy-00827-00172423-00172700": "in support of your research, right?", "6amIaboP9oy-00828-00172700-00172938": "So we need to know.", "6amIaboP9oy-00829-00172939-00173012": "From you,", "6amIaboP9oy-00830-00173012-00173085": "what services,", "6amIaboP9oy-00831-00173085-00173267": "what expertise and what things", "6amIaboP9oy-00832-00173267-00173504": "can we deliver for you to advance", "6amIaboP9oy-00833-00173504-00173695": "your research and your teaching?", "6amIaboP9oy-00834-00173695-00173946": "And so this in conversation is really", "6amIaboP9oy-00835-00173946-00174163": "important to us in the library.", "6amIaboP9oy-00836-00174163-00174313": "From a listening perspective,", "6amIaboP9oy-00837-00174313-00174595": "we need to hear from all of you.", "6amIaboP9oy-00838-00174595-00174735": "What are your barriers?", "6amIaboP9oy-00839-00174735-00174991": "What do you need to do next?", "6amIaboP9oy-00840-00174991-00175243": "And then we can try to figure", "6amIaboP9oy-00841-00175243-00175464": "out what supports we can build", "6amIaboP9oy-00842-00175464-00175674": "to make that happen for you.", "6amIaboP9oy-00843-00176147-00176359": "Thank you Kelly. That wasn't too long.", "6amIaboP9oy-00844-00176360-00176640": "So if you have more to say for one of", "6amIaboP9oy-00845-00176648-00176936": "the panel is also want to add to that.", "6amIaboP9oy-00846-00176937-00177058": "That's fine as well.", "6amIaboP9oy-00847-00177058-00177333": "I just see we got another chat does oh,", "6amIaboP9oy-00848-00177333-00177484": "you have a repository for", "6amIaboP9oy-00849-00177484-00177575": "author manuscripts etc.", "6amIaboP9oy-00850-00177576-00177800": "My feelings that these are.", "6amIaboP9oy-00851-00177800-00178097": "Not as accessed by Open Access sources", "6amIaboP9oy-00852-00178097-00178318": "themselves for author manuscripts.", "6amIaboP9oy-00853-00178535-00178752": "We we kind of. I don't know how much", "6amIaboP9oy-00854-00178752-00179007": "I could talk about this. I mean yes,", "6amIaboP9oy-00855-00179007-00179173": "but we're still working on it.", "6amIaboP9oy-00856-00179456-00179624": "We're in the process of an.", "6amIaboP9oy-00857-00179625-00179765": "I don't want to Kelly.", "6amIaboP9oy-00858-00179765-00180024": "Do you want to address this or do we?", "6amIaboP9oy-00859-00180025-00180250": "Wanna call it? I don't know if we can.", "6amIaboP9oy-00860-00180493-00180724": "Janice here, and I will invite", "6amIaboP9oy-00861-00180724-00180953": "her to follow up on this,", "6amIaboP9oy-00862-00180954-00181184": "so I apologize for throwing Janet", "6amIaboP9oy-00863-00181184-00181491": "in the deep end, but she showed up", "6amIaboP9oy-00864-00181491-00181798": "so I bet she suspected that I might.", "6amIaboP9oy-00865-00181799-00182059": "So we do have a new Ohio Open library", "6amIaboP9oy-00866-00182059-00182286": "platform that other institutions typically", "6amIaboP9oy-00867-00182286-00182527": "use as an institutional repository.", "6amIaboP9oy-00868-00182528-00182808": "We do not have all of the Super", "6amIaboP9oy-00869-00182808-00182989": "awesome bells and whistles,", "6amIaboP9oy-00870-00182989-00183291": "an expensive throw that in there bells and", "6amIaboP9oy-00871-00183291-00183537": "whistles that come with this platform.", "6amIaboP9oy-00872-00183537-00183879": "But we are navigating how to best support", "6amIaboP9oy-00873-00183879-00184195": "the within the resources that we have.", "6amIaboP9oy-00874-00184196-00184502": "Your needs as faculty as well as how", "6amIaboP9oy-00875-00184502-00184830": "to build our case to advocate for", "6amIaboP9oy-00876-00184830-00185073": "additional resources to make it.", "6amIaboP9oy-00877-00185074-00185390": "You know, as efficient and as", "6amIaboP9oy-00878-00185390-00185548": "effective as possible.", "6amIaboP9oy-00879-00185549-00185759": "And I hope I did that and there's", "6amIaboP9oy-00880-00185759-00185969": "a link that Hannah just put in", "6amIaboP9oy-00881-00185969-00186181": "there to the Ohio Open Library.", "6amIaboP9oy-00882-00186181-00186372": "Yeah, and intended for this to be", "6amIaboP9oy-00883-00186372-00186526": "like library asking for resources", "6amIaboP9oy-00884-00186526-00186692": "show that wasn't the intention,", "6amIaboP9oy-00885-00186693-00186837": "but to address the questions", "6amIaboP9oy-00886-00186837-00187024": "that this is kind of there.", "6amIaboP9oy-00887-00187024-00187264": "So we're going ahead and move on to", "6amIaboP9oy-00888-00187264-00187480": "the next question so we make sure", "6amIaboP9oy-00889-00187480-00187724": "to not get too much on a tangent", "6amIaboP9oy-00890-00187724-00187897": "so this one goes to Evan,", "6amIaboP9oy-00891-00187897-00188201": "who should be considering open publishing.", "6amIaboP9oy-00892-00188202-00188273": "In short,", "6amIaboP9oy-00893-00188273-00188487": "I think everyone I think some", "6amIaboP9oy-00894-00188487-00188626": "specific kind of folks,", "6amIaboP9oy-00895-00188627-00188909": "or maybe so if your social justice oriented.", "6amIaboP9oy-00896-00188910-00189190": "I think you know knowledge is power, right?", "6amIaboP9oy-00897-00189190-00189385": "So if we're having that information", "6amIaboP9oy-00898-00189385-00189547": "out there for everybody,", "6amIaboP9oy-00899-00189547-00189759": "I think that that's an important", "6amIaboP9oy-00900-00189759-00189865": "thing for sure.", "6amIaboP9oy-00901-00189866-00190059": "Anybody who's in a professional field", "6amIaboP9oy-00902-00190059-00190233": "because you can inform practices", "6amIaboP9oy-00903-00190233-00190392": "by increasing practitioner access", "6amIaboP9oy-00904-00190392-00190552": "to the information and.", "6amIaboP9oy-00905-00190553-00190725": "Something that we haven't talked about", "6amIaboP9oy-00906-00190725-00190953": "too much so far is just like those", "6amIaboP9oy-00907-00190953-00191116": "who want to maintain their their", "6amIaboP9oy-00908-00191122-00191330": "rights to their labor and make their", "6amIaboP9oy-00909-00191330-00191506": "own decisions about their scholarly products.", "6amIaboP9oy-00910-00191506-00191738": "'cause once we kind of give it away,", "6amIaboP9oy-00911-00191738-00191882": "it's for somebody else's decision.", "6amIaboP9oy-00912-00191882-00192114": "We don't have all of their rights there,", "6amIaboP9oy-00913-00192114-00192258": "and I think those invested", "6amIaboP9oy-00914-00192258-00192403": "in the diversity of thought.", "6amIaboP9oy-00915-00192403-00192604": "So kind of how we talked about.", "6amIaboP9oy-00916-00192605-00192778": "If it's out there for increasing", "6amIaboP9oy-00917-00192778-00192894": "access to our research,", "6amIaboP9oy-00918-00192894-00193132": "then others around the world can have greater", "6amIaboP9oy-00919-00193132-00193355": "access to our work and build upon that.", "6amIaboP9oy-00920-00193356-00193575": "I think those interested in kind of", "6amIaboP9oy-00921-00193575-00193789": "like what Kelly was talking about", "6amIaboP9oy-00922-00193789-00193978": "before really kind of shifting.", "6amIaboP9oy-00923-00193979-00194016": "Sorry,", "6amIaboP9oy-00924-00194016-00194238": "my dog is saying hello shifting", "6amIaboP9oy-00925-00194238-00194393": "that distribution of power.", "6amIaboP9oy-00926-00194393-00194543": "So I think academics.", "6amIaboP9oy-00927-00194543-00194769": "If we really think about it,", "6amIaboP9oy-00928-00194769-00194956": "we spend time conducting research", "6amIaboP9oy-00929-00194956-00195106": "and writing it up.", "6amIaboP9oy-00930-00195107-00195328": "And often we're doing that for", "6amIaboP9oy-00931-00195328-00195558": "free or at our own cost,", "6amIaboP9oy-00932-00195558-00195858": "and then we give that a research away,", "6amIaboP9oy-00933-00195859-00196122": "often to one of a few very", "6amIaboP9oy-00934-00196122-00196235": "large academic publishers.", "6amIaboP9oy-00935-00196235-00196423": "And then we're serving as", "6amIaboP9oy-00936-00196423-00196611": "free peer review for that.", "6amIaboP9oy-00937-00196611-00196803": "And sometimes we're on those", "6amIaboP9oy-00938-00196803-00196956": "editorial boards for free.", "6amIaboP9oy-00939-00196957-00197142": "So we're doing all of this work", "6amIaboP9oy-00940-00197142-00197312": "for free for these publishers to", "6amIaboP9oy-00941-00197312-00197543": "make a lot of money off of that.", "6amIaboP9oy-00942-00197543-00197739": "By then selling our work to back to", "6amIaboP9oy-00943-00197739-00197915": "our libraries or to the practitioners", "6amIaboP9oy-00944-00197915-00198096": "or the communities that we're trying", "6amIaboP9oy-00945-00198102-00198213": "to inform and support.", "6amIaboP9oy-00946-00198213-00198440": "So it is just kind of a system to", "6amIaboP9oy-00947-00198440-00198649": "where we have a lot of room to", "6amIaboP9oy-00948-00198649-00198858": "just say we're not going to give", "6amIaboP9oy-00949-00198858-00199049": "you our stuff for free anymore,", "6amIaboP9oy-00950-00199050-00199300": "and that where if we're giving it for free,", "6amIaboP9oy-00951-00199301-00199440": "then it's really for free,", "6amIaboP9oy-00952-00199440-00199575": "but you're not going to", "6amIaboP9oy-00953-00199575-00199747": "make money off of my work,", "6amIaboP9oy-00954-00199747-00199973": "and so I think that there's just.", "6amIaboP9oy-00955-00199974-00200157": "A lot of ways for us to really", "6amIaboP9oy-00956-00200157-00200349": "focus on what we're doing and", "6amIaboP9oy-00957-00200349-00200490": "really change that process.", "6amIaboP9oy-00958-00200491-00200634": "If we're getting more engaged", "6amIaboP9oy-00959-00200634-00200748": "with Open Access publishing.", "6amIaboP9oy-00960-00201177-00201429": "I could probably listen to you talk about", "6amIaboP9oy-00961-00201429-00201645": "this topic for 45 minutes straight.", "6amIaboP9oy-00962-00201646-00201981": "Now that I'm going to ask you to do that,", "6amIaboP9oy-00963-00201981-00202217": "but I just even wrote down some of", "6amIaboP9oy-00964-00202217-00202395": "your phrases about the increasing", "6amIaboP9oy-00965-00202395-00202583": "diversity of shot of power,", "6amIaboP9oy-00966-00202584-00202754": "diversity of thought, and shifting", "6amIaboP9oy-00967-00202754-00202986": "this power dynamic of kind of taking,", "6amIaboP9oy-00968-00202986-00203160": "retaking ownership over our work", "6amIaboP9oy-00969-00203160-00203421": "in a way that makes sense to us,", "6amIaboP9oy-00970-00203422-00203690": "and then making it available to people again.", "6amIaboP9oy-00971-00203690-00203986": "It really does tie into equality issues.", "6amIaboP9oy-00972-00203987-00204219": "Frankly it does, for me at least,", "6amIaboP9oy-00973-00204220-00204488": "so I think that's really I just really", "6amIaboP9oy-00974-00204488-00204766": "like the way you phrased it in a way", "6amIaboP9oy-00975-00204766-00205018": "that makes it seem bigger than just.", "6amIaboP9oy-00976-00205019-00205252": "I just need to get tenure or", "6amIaboP9oy-00977-00205252-00205451": "I just need to do this.", "6amIaboP9oy-00978-00205452-00205677": "Or when we think when we do our", "6amIaboP9oy-00979-00205677-00205893": "task list or we're writing that", "6amIaboP9oy-00980-00205893-00206084": "seems to be so individually.", "6amIaboP9oy-00981-00206085-00206221": "You know, smaller focus,", "6amIaboP9oy-00982-00206221-00206522": "but if we think about the impact of our", "6amIaboP9oy-00983-00206522-00206784": "work and what this means as a system,", "6amIaboP9oy-00984-00206784-00206951": "it really is quite powerful.", "6amIaboP9oy-00985-00206951-00207331": "I wonder if there's ways we can encourage.", "6amIaboP9oy-00986-00207332-00207527": "Even if it doesn't start with", "6amIaboP9oy-00987-00207527-00207658": "like tenure committees etc.", "6amIaboP9oy-00988-00207658-00207814": "But starting with our graduate", "6amIaboP9oy-00989-00207814-00208010": "students and helping to honor Open", "6amIaboP9oy-00990-00208010-00208177": "Access publishing and work with", "6amIaboP9oy-00991-00208177-00208342": "their dissertation or other ways,", "6amIaboP9oy-00992-00208342-00208506": "we can help encourage this.", "6amIaboP9oy-00993-00208506-00208698": "For younger scholars who are going", "6amIaboP9oy-00994-00208698-00208929": "to take our place right in the", "6amIaboP9oy-00995-00208929-00209091": "future in the academic world,", "6amIaboP9oy-00996-00209092-00209402": "I'm just kind of thinking out loud and", "6amIaboP9oy-00997-00209402-00209779": "I see a couple things in the chat here.", "6amIaboP9oy-00998-00209780-00209984": "Social justice and and their", "6amIaboP9oy-00999-00209984-00210188": "connection to open absolutely and", "6amIaboP9oy-01000-00210194-00210424": "then Janet Home who is our other", "6amIaboP9oy-01001-00210424-00210620": "assistant Dean at the library who", "6amIaboP9oy-01002-00210620-00210868": "is really doing a lot of great work", "6amIaboP9oy-01003-00210868-00211043": "with our Ohio Open repository,", "6amIaboP9oy-01004-00211044-00211253": "is giving a little bit of information", "6amIaboP9oy-01005-00211253-00211499": "as well as her contact information.", "6amIaboP9oy-01006-00211500-00211780": "If you have further questions which is great.", "6amIaboP9oy-01007-00211983-00212156": "And so, thinking about Open", "6amIaboP9oy-01008-00212156-00212294": "Access and social justice,", "6amIaboP9oy-01009-00212294-00212503": "or who else should be concerned", "6amIaboP9oy-01010-00212503-00212666": "considering Open Access, I'm wondering.", "6amIaboP9oy-01011-00212666-00212902": "I just want to put that to the", "6amIaboP9oy-01012-00212908-00213088": "other two panelists to see if", "6amIaboP9oy-01013-00213088-00213313": "they want to add anymore thoughts", "6amIaboP9oy-01014-00213313-00213509": "to that particular question.", "6amIaboP9oy-01015-00214125-00214167": "OK.", "6amIaboP9oy-01016-00214387-00214880": "Alright, uhm how does plan as impact", "6amIaboP9oy-01017-00214880-00215409": "your feelings about Open Access? Plan S.", "6amIaboP9oy-01018-00215750-00216179": "Nana, I don't understand your question.", "6amIaboP9oy-01019-00216180-00216440": "So yeah, for me this is a bit strange", "6amIaboP9oy-01020-00216440-00216662": "'cause I'm basically I'm just trying", "6amIaboP9oy-01021-00216662-00216885": "to understand the whole way landscaping", "6amIaboP9oy-01022-00216885-00217203": "will you be in new to you in the past?", "6amIaboP9oy-01023-00217203-00217616": "Six months or so, and I guess coming at", "6amIaboP9oy-01024-00217616-00217908": "this from an NIH funded perspective,", "6amIaboP9oy-01025-00217908-00218175": "always been mandated by the federal", "6amIaboP9oy-01026-00218175-00218429": "government for more than 10 years.", "6amIaboP9oy-01027-00218429-00218702": "Because of course, it's the taxpayer", "6amIaboP9oy-01028-00218702-00218966": "who's paying for the research.", "6amIaboP9oy-01029-00218966-00219397": "But Plan S is is a program that's been", "6amIaboP9oy-01030-00219397-00219680": "introduced by a number of funders,", "6amIaboP9oy-01031-00219680-00219971": "which is actually trying to mandate", "6amIaboP9oy-01032-00219971-00220272": "immediate Open Access publication and also", "6amIaboP9oy-01033-00220272-00220518": "mandating what the subscription license", "6amIaboP9oy-01034-00220518-00220821": "requirements that the authors have to have.", "6amIaboP9oy-01035-00221037-00221314": "The reason I ask that is because I feel", "6amIaboP9oy-01036-00221314-00221592": "that that is quite a step beyond Open", "6amIaboP9oy-01037-00221592-00221847": "Access being say mandated where you have", "6amIaboP9oy-01038-00221847-00222108": "the green route and the gold route.", "6amIaboP9oy-01039-00222108-00222444": "And you have the ability to publish things.", "6amIaboP9oy-01040-00222444-00222736": "I mean, 'cause, I think.", "6amIaboP9oy-01041-00222736-00223030": "On the one hand, I hear all the arguments", "6amIaboP9oy-01042-00223030-00223335": "about social justice and access to articles,", "6amIaboP9oy-01043-00223336-00223673": "but when you look at some place like nature,", "6amIaboP9oy-01044-00223673-00223863": "that's now saying that they're", "6amIaboP9oy-01045-00223863-00224086": "going to charge about 40,000 U.S.", "6amIaboP9oy-01046-00224086-00224348": "dollars for a gold Open Access paper.", "6amIaboP9oy-01047-00224348-00224681": "You know, that's more than a lot of", "6amIaboP9oy-01048-00224681-00224994": "people's entire annual budget for research.", "6amIaboP9oy-01049-00224994-00225263": "So so I do worry a little bit that", "6amIaboP9oy-01050-00225263-00225476": "sometimes some of these away pushes,", "6amIaboP9oy-01051-00225477-00225637": "or maybe going to have", "6amIaboP9oy-01052-00225637-00225701": "unintended consequences,", "6amIaboP9oy-01053-00225702-00225895": "and that's the reason that I", "6amIaboP9oy-01054-00225895-00226023": "ask that particular question,", "6amIaboP9oy-01055-00226023-00226210": "'cause I think plan S worries", "6amIaboP9oy-01056-00226210-00226410": "me a little bit more than,", "6amIaboP9oy-01057-00226411-00226571": "say Open Access mandates do.", "6amIaboP9oy-01058-00227021-00227148": "That's a good question.", "6amIaboP9oy-01059-00227394-00227742": "I would just say that I do think", "6amIaboP9oy-01060-00227742-00228066": "plan S is not perfect. However,", "6amIaboP9oy-01061-00228066-00228500": "I guess I do appreciate a. Uhm?", "6amIaboP9oy-01062-00228708-00228910": "And effort to address it", "6amIaboP9oy-01063-00228910-00229072": "from a different angle.", "6amIaboP9oy-01064-00229073-00229361": "And so I think that if you look", "6amIaboP9oy-01065-00229361-00229641": "at the principles of plan S,", "6amIaboP9oy-01066-00229642-00230085": "they are generally in the right spot.", "6amIaboP9oy-01067-00230086-00230409": "I have a lot of.", "6amIaboP9oy-01068-00230409-00230619": "I guess working in public", "6amIaboP9oy-01069-00230619-00230879": "higher Ed my entire adult life,", "6amIaboP9oy-01070-00230879-00231092": "my entire professional life almost.", "6amIaboP9oy-01071-00231092-00231433": "I have a lot of personal feelings about.", "6amIaboP9oy-01072-00231644-00231943": "The the for profit Ness of commercial", "6amIaboP9oy-01073-00231943-00232191": "publications in the research field,", "6amIaboP9oy-01074-00232191-00232329": "specially scholarly journals.", "6amIaboP9oy-01075-00232329-00232748": "And so I like efforts that that attempt to", "6amIaboP9oy-01076-00232748-00233055": "kind of right size the publication field.", "6amIaboP9oy-01077-00233056-00233373": "I don't know that I, I personally,", "6amIaboP9oy-01078-00233373-00233556": "would advocate that nobody.", "6amIaboP9oy-01079-00233556-00233784": "It should be publishing our", "6amIaboP9oy-01080-00233784-00234057": "research in a for profit way,", "6amIaboP9oy-01081-00234057-00234364": "but I don't think it should", "6amIaboP9oy-01082-00234364-00234651": "be profit at the level.", "6amIaboP9oy-01083-00234651-00234823": "Of Apple or the NFL.", "6amIaboP9oy-01084-00234823-00235054": "Or you know the other things that", "6amIaboP9oy-01085-00235054-00235338": "that you read about in the for", "6amIaboP9oy-01086-00235338-00235517": "profit scholarly publishing field.", "6amIaboP9oy-01087-00235517-00235647": "So in that way,", "6amIaboP9oy-01088-00235647-00235809": "I appreciate the efforts that", "6amIaboP9oy-01089-00235809-00236030": "plan us goes to at a large scale.", "6amIaboP9oy-01090-00236485-00236601": "Thank you Kelly for", "6amIaboP9oy-01091-00236601-00236746": "shedding some light on that.", "6amIaboP9oy-01092-00236746-00237019": "I will have to do more research on", "6amIaboP9oy-01093-00237019-00237304": "this myself to see come to my see if I", "6amIaboP9oy-01094-00237304-00237609": "have any other thoughts or feelings on it.", "6amIaboP9oy-01095-00237610-00237847": "So I want to go to, uh,", "6amIaboP9oy-01096-00237847-00238061": "our last question that we have", "6amIaboP9oy-01097-00238061-00238237": "for officially for the panelists", "6amIaboP9oy-01098-00238237-00238452": "and then we can open it up.", "6amIaboP9oy-01099-00238453-00238621": "So this goes to Berkeley.", "6amIaboP9oy-01100-00238621-00238867": "How do you feel Open Access publishing", "6amIaboP9oy-01101-00238867-00239080": "stacks up against subscription Journal", "6amIaboP9oy-01102-00239080-00239381": "publishing in relation to promotion tenure?", "6amIaboP9oy-01103-00239382-00239551": "That's a great question, yeah,", "6amIaboP9oy-01104-00239551-00239719": "so, as I mentioned earlier,", "6amIaboP9oy-01105-00239719-00239889": "I tenure track faculty members.", "6amIaboP9oy-01106-00239889-00240048": "This is definitely been.", "6amIaboP9oy-01107-00240048-00240169": "On my mind,", "6amIaboP9oy-01108-00240169-00240433": "as I progressed towards promotion and tenure,", "6amIaboP9oy-01109-00240434-00240640": "and the ways that I've kind", "6amIaboP9oy-01110-00240640-00240910": "of dealt with it is is just", "6amIaboP9oy-01111-00240910-00241115": "really reaching out for advice.", "6amIaboP9oy-01112-00241116-00241230": "So asking mentors,", "6amIaboP9oy-01113-00241230-00241306": "of course,", "6amIaboP9oy-01114-00241306-00241537": "asking directly my P&T committee", "6amIaboP9oy-01115-00241537-00241767": "about how they interpret these", "6amIaboP9oy-01116-00241776-00241987": "journals and how to balance that", "6amIaboP9oy-01117-00241987-00242267": "kind of where I choose to publish.", "6amIaboP9oy-01118-00242267-00242294": "So,", "6amIaboP9oy-01119-00242294-00242479": "and the feedback that I've received has", "6amIaboP9oy-01120-00242479-00242669": "been pretty expected that it really", "6amIaboP9oy-01121-00242669-00242835": "doesn't matter necessarily the format,", "6amIaboP9oy-01122-00242836-00243035": "but the same metrics that you would", "6amIaboP9oy-01123-00243035-00243224": "generally consider are important and again,", "6amIaboP9oy-01124-00243225-00243556": "thinking about things like impact factor.", "6amIaboP9oy-01125-00243557-00243725": "And some of the things that", "6amIaboP9oy-01126-00243725-00243874": "I've done besides asking people", "6amIaboP9oy-01127-00243874-00244031": "directly is also looking at.", "6amIaboP9oy-01128-00244032-00244212": "You know who's at peer institutions", "6amIaboP9oy-01129-00244212-00244413": "around me that I'd be writing letters", "6amIaboP9oy-01130-00244413-00244660": "for my P&T case and to see you know", "6amIaboP9oy-01131-00244660-00244856": "where are they publishing if these", "6amIaboP9oy-01132-00244856-00245067": "individuals are likely to be on a", "6amIaboP9oy-01133-00245067-00245279": "similar trajectory as I am an there,", "6amIaboP9oy-01134-00245280-00245457": "I've been able to also find,", "6amIaboP9oy-01135-00245458-00245521": "you know,", "6amIaboP9oy-01136-00245521-00245711": "like what percentage of articles are", "6amIaboP9oy-01137-00245711-00245902": "they publishing in Open Access and kind", "6amIaboP9oy-01138-00245902-00246082": "of follow those kinds of decisions.", "6amIaboP9oy-01139-00246082-00246259": "I will say in my field,", "6amIaboP9oy-01140-00246260-00246437": "it seems like it's becoming increasingly", "6amIaboP9oy-01141-00246437-00246622": "more accepted in the medical field", "6amIaboP9oy-01142-00246622-00246774": "and major medical journals or.", "6amIaboP9oy-01143-00246775-00246974": "Either gonna Open Access or have Open", "6amIaboP9oy-01144-00246974-00247150": "Access versions like JAMA just opened", "6amIaboP9oy-01145-00247150-00247321": "a new Open Access specific version.", "6amIaboP9oy-01146-00247321-00247487": "So I think there's growing acceptance", "6amIaboP9oy-01147-00247487-00247662": "and like we were just talking", "6amIaboP9oy-01148-00247662-00247812": "about NIH and other funders.", "6amIaboP9oy-01149-00247812-00247956": "There really is this mandate", "6amIaboP9oy-01150-00247956-00248100": "to publish things Open Access,", "6amIaboP9oy-01151-00248100-00248329": "so I think it's a bit more accepted.", "6amIaboP9oy-01152-00248330-00248379": "I don't.", "6amIaboP9oy-01153-00248379-00248553": "I'd be curious to hear from others", "6amIaboP9oy-01154-00248553-00248675": "in different fields.", "6amIaboP9oy-01155-00248676-00248811": "Perhaps in the humanities or", "6amIaboP9oy-01156-00248811-00248982": "social Sciences to see if that's", "6amIaboP9oy-01157-00248982-00249137": "been their experience as well,", "6amIaboP9oy-01158-00249137-00249268": "but it definitely is something", "6amIaboP9oy-01159-00249268-00249453": "that I was worried about initially,", "6amIaboP9oy-01160-00249453-00249650": "but was kind of reassured once I", "6amIaboP9oy-01161-00249650-00249877": "was able to see what others are", "6amIaboP9oy-01162-00249877-00250081": "doing and just get feedback from.", "6amIaboP9oy-01163-00250082-00250234": "People here to you.", "6amIaboP9oy-01164-00250694-00250884": "Yeah, uh, though this panel does", "6amIaboP9oy-01165-00250884-00251087": "focus in in Health Sciences and", "6amIaboP9oy-01166-00251087-00251295": "medicine that it wasn't the intention", "6amIaboP9oy-01167-00251295-00251595": "to be inclusive to this or like or", "6amIaboP9oy-01168-00251595-00251780": "inclusive group exclusive other places.", "6amIaboP9oy-01169-00251780-00251955": "It's just we started having", "6amIaboP9oy-01170-00251955-00252025": "this conversation.", "6amIaboP9oy-01171-00252025-00252228": "Kind of casually and then we", "6amIaboP9oy-01172-00252228-00252512": "decided we need to have this on a", "6amIaboP9oy-01173-00252512-00252724": "bigger scale so about Open Access,", "6amIaboP9oy-01174-00252725-00252847": "publishing and so forth.", "6amIaboP9oy-01175-00252847-00253110": "So for those of you in attendance,", "6amIaboP9oy-01176-00253110-00253285": "if you have some thoughts,", "6amIaboP9oy-01177-00253285-00253600": "I'm going to go ahead and open it up.", "6amIaboP9oy-01178-00253600-00253888": "If you aren't attendee and have thoughts too.", "6amIaboP9oy-01179-00253888-00254029": "Berkeley is saying about.", "6amIaboP9oy-01180-00254029-00254242": "This tension I'm I guess I'm", "6amIaboP9oy-01181-00254249-00254524": "going to say between kind of", "6amIaboP9oy-01182-00254524-00254662": "traditional subscription journals,", "6amIaboP9oy-01183-00254663-00254797": "an Open Access journals", "6amIaboP9oy-01184-00254797-00254932": "relation to your tenure.", "6amIaboP9oy-01185-00254933-00255271": "If you want to talk about that a little bit,", "6amIaboP9oy-01186-00255271-00255494": "we can start opening it up to", "6amIaboP9oy-01187-00255494-00255668": "questions and start having a", "6amIaboP9oy-01188-00255668-00255845": "conversation among all of us.", "6amIaboP9oy-01189-00255846-00256149": "Now that we have all the questions out there.", "6amIaboP9oy-01190-00256150-00256448": "But I do have some backup questions just in", "6amIaboP9oy-01191-00256448-00256758": "case we have a little dialogue just in case,", "6amIaboP9oy-01192-00256759-00257096": "so I'm going to go ahead and open it up.", "6amIaboP9oy-01193-00257096-00257310": "So feel free to unmute yourselves.", "6amIaboP9oy-01194-00257310-00257536": "Or yeah,", "6amIaboP9oy-01195-00257536-00257641": "type in chat.", "6amIaboP9oy-01196-00258162-00258332": "I'm just gonna go ahead and say", "6amIaboP9oy-01197-00258332-00258462": "something about that real quick,", "6amIaboP9oy-01198-00258463-00258628": "so I think for me since I just", "6amIaboP9oy-01199-00258628-00258832": "came to you this year when I was", "6amIaboP9oy-01200-00258832-00258998": "interviewing it was one of those", "6amIaboP9oy-01201-00258998-00259165": "things that I was really asking.", "6amIaboP9oy-01202-00259166-00259292": "So everybody I talked to.", "6amIaboP9oy-01203-00259292-00259467": "So what's the? How does the Department?", "6amIaboP9oy-01204-00259467-00259642": "How does the college see what's *******?", "6amIaboP9oy-01205-00259642-00259812": "Thought about Open Access because it's", "6amIaboP9oy-01206-00259812-00259997": "something that I just really want to", "6amIaboP9oy-01207-00259997-00260180": "focus in that area and make sure that", "6amIaboP9oy-01208-00260180-00260345": "I'm doing that as much as possible.", "6amIaboP9oy-01209-00260346-00260538": "So I was more looking for an institution", "6amIaboP9oy-01210-00260538-00260746": "who was going to be supportive of that,", "6amIaboP9oy-01211-00260746-00260947": "and it did seem like within my college", "6amIaboP9oy-01212-00260947-00261123": "at least, it did seem like that.", "6amIaboP9oy-01213-00261123-00261257": "That was going to be.", "6amIaboP9oy-01214-00261257-00261410": "And OK and acceptable thing.", "6amIaboP9oy-01215-00261410-00261623": "But I think that if we're not in", "6amIaboP9oy-01216-00261623-00261868": "places to where it's like that already,", "6amIaboP9oy-01217-00261869-00262061": "I think that we need to just be", "6amIaboP9oy-01218-00262061-00262268": "pushing our P&T kind of committees", "6amIaboP9oy-01219-00262268-00262419": "and having those conversations.", "6amIaboP9oy-01220-00262420-00262600": "And so I think having these kind", "6amIaboP9oy-01221-00262600-00262827": "of talks Now this panel and having", "6amIaboP9oy-01222-00262827-00262970": "more conversations about it,", "6amIaboP9oy-01223-00262971-00263214": "I think you're going to help to just", "6amIaboP9oy-01224-00263214-00263397": "kind of a raise, raise awareness,", "6amIaboP9oy-01225-00263397-00263576": "and kind of change that thought", "6amIaboP9oy-01226-00263576-00263674": "process around plenty,", "6amIaboP9oy-01227-00263674-00263827": "and publishing and subscription journals.", "6amIaboP9oy-01228-00264305-00264554": "I will say that from a librarian perspective,", "6amIaboP9oy-01229-00264555-00264687": "we're technically not faculty,", "6amIaboP9oy-01230-00264687-00264885": "so we don't go through the", "6amIaboP9oy-01231-00264891-00265025": "PMT process an I think,", "6amIaboP9oy-01232-00265025-00265243": "and I don't know, rightfully or not,", "6amIaboP9oy-01233-00265244-00265432": "we often think I'm like, oh,", "6amIaboP9oy-01234-00265432-00265681": "if they just put the focus and PNT,", "6amIaboP9oy-01235-00265682-00265900": "then maybe that'll help make a change,", "6amIaboP9oy-01236-00265901-00266122": "and that might be super naive on our", "6amIaboP9oy-01237-00266122-00266371": "an an AR points are in our mindset", "6amIaboP9oy-01238-00266371-00266570": "about you know our own motivations", "6amIaboP9oy-01239-00266570-00266839": "or what kind of you know efforts we", "6amIaboP9oy-01240-00266840-00267090": "want to see because we're not in it.", "6amIaboP9oy-01241-00267091-00267313": "We don't know what it's like.", "6amIaboP9oy-01242-00267314-00267585": "But it does seem to be like a good", "6amIaboP9oy-01243-00267585-00267799": "place to start having conversations", "6amIaboP9oy-01244-00267799-00268106": "about Open Access and so far key", "6amIaboP9oy-01245-00268106-00268359": "as well as some other avenues of", "6amIaboP9oy-01246-00268359-00268582": "what impact looks like and what", "6amIaboP9oy-01247-00268582-00268768": "that means to the professions.", "6amIaboP9oy-01248-00268769-00268955": "But of course that varies", "6amIaboP9oy-01249-00268955-00269066": "widely across disciplines.", "6amIaboP9oy-01250-00269067-00269297": "So very curious for my own", "6amIaboP9oy-01251-00269297-00269514": "understanding to help serve you all,", "6amIaboP9oy-01252-00269515-00269775": "what does that look like in an?", "6amIaboP9oy-01253-00269776-00269962": "Why doesn't matter in what", "6amIaboP9oy-01254-00269962-00270073": "ways your discipline?", "6amIaboP9oy-01255-00271077-00271370": "I mean from a from a PNT perspective,", "6amIaboP9oy-01256-00271371-00271589": "it's a very difficult question and", "6amIaboP9oy-01257-00271589-00271847": "I agree with with what Evan said.", "6amIaboP9oy-01258-00271848-00272067": "I mean it is different from", "6amIaboP9oy-01259-00272067-00272177": "institution to institution,", "6amIaboP9oy-01260-00272178-00272466": "but broadly speaking I think for.", "6amIaboP9oy-01261-00272467-00272717": "At least. Medicine, I mean,", "6amIaboP9oy-01262-00272717-00272907": "it may be different for", "6amIaboP9oy-01263-00272907-00273021": "some health disciplines,", "6amIaboP9oy-01264-00273022-00273251": "but you know there's always going", "6amIaboP9oy-01265-00273251-00273442": "to be attention to say,", "6amIaboP9oy-01266-00273442-00273660": "well, actually you need to be", "6amIaboP9oy-01267-00273660-00273863": "publishing in the best places.", "6amIaboP9oy-01268-00273863-00274121": "And when you've got places like", "6amIaboP9oy-01269-00274121-00274378": "nature that don't really want to", "6amIaboP9oy-01270-00274378-00274608": "come along with the Open Access.", "6amIaboP9oy-01271-00274609-00274732": "Ride if you will,", "6amIaboP9oy-01272-00274732-00274887": "then that's going to create", "6amIaboP9oy-01273-00274887-00275058": "obvious tension for people in", "6amIaboP9oy-01274-00275058-00275226": "terms of promotion and tenure,", "6amIaboP9oy-01275-00275227-00275487": "because there will always be people who say,", "6amIaboP9oy-01276-00275487-00275649": "well, I really don't care", "6amIaboP9oy-01277-00275649-00275812": "that you published in elife,", "6amIaboP9oy-01278-00275812-00275974": "you know where's your nature", "6amIaboP9oy-01279-00275974-00276103": "paper and the reason.", "6amIaboP9oy-01280-00276104-00276292": "Obviously that picked the life is", "6amIaboP9oy-01281-00276292-00276490": "'cause it's an Open Access Journal", "6amIaboP9oy-01282-00276490-00276689": "that a lot of people actually", "6amIaboP9oy-01283-00276689-00276920": "are pushing is being kind of a", "6amIaboP9oy-01284-00276920-00277046": "Premier biology open Journal.", "6amIaboP9oy-01285-00277047-00277325": "But I think from looking at a lot of", "6amIaboP9oy-01286-00277325-00277595": "you know the the Open Access journals", "6amIaboP9oy-01287-00277595-00277875": "don't seem to be pushing up the.", "6amIaboP9oy-01288-00277875-00278145": "The impact factor rankings and", "6amIaboP9oy-01289-00278145-00278475": "the Prestige rankings the same way", "6amIaboP9oy-01290-00278475-00278733": "that non openaccess places are.", "6amIaboP9oy-01291-00278734-00278923": "And some of that may be down to some", "6amIaboP9oy-01292-00278923-00279124": "of the paywall content in terms of", "6amIaboP9oy-01293-00279124-00279312": "the editorials and and other things", "6amIaboP9oy-01294-00279312-00279506": "that are not the original research.", "6amIaboP9oy-01295-00279910-00280108": "Right, I do think you're right.", "6amIaboP9oy-01296-00280108-00280318": "We have. We have continued work to", "6amIaboP9oy-01297-00280318-00280570": "do when it comes to the authority.", "6amIaboP9oy-01298-00280570-00280846": "We give journals and just the reputation and", "6amIaboP9oy-01299-00280846-00281097": "this perceived some of it is rightfully just.", "6amIaboP9oy-01300-00281098-00281387": "But some of it is kind of this also perceived", "6amIaboP9oy-01301-00281394-00281625": "assumptions that we've had for like,", "6amIaboP9oy-01302-00281626-00281824": "that's always how we've done it.", "6amIaboP9oy-01303-00281824-00282164": "Or this is what we're used to.", "6amIaboP9oy-01304-00282165-00282257": "I've continued conversations", "6amIaboP9oy-01305-00282257-00282380": "to do around that.", "6amIaboP9oy-01306-00282381-00282731": "I think in all places.", "6amIaboP9oy-01307-00282731-00282981": "So I'd like to hear from the", "6amIaboP9oy-01308-00282981-00283194": "faculty what can the institution", "6amIaboP9oy-01309-00283194-00283533": "do other than pay for your article", "6amIaboP9oy-01310-00283533-00283813": "processing charges other than give", "6amIaboP9oy-01311-00283813-00284036": "you an institutional repository,", "6amIaboP9oy-01312-00284036-00284314": "I think I've heard that a couple", "6amIaboP9oy-01313-00284314-00284641": "times a place for yourself archiving,", "6amIaboP9oy-01314-00284642-00284971": "like are there things as an institution", "6amIaboP9oy-01315-00284971-00285302": "we should be doing to help you", "6amIaboP9oy-01316-00285302-00285573": "engage on this topic around P&T,", "6amIaboP9oy-01317-00285574-00285880": "because I really do see it as", "6amIaboP9oy-01318-00285880-00286156": "key to advancing these efforts.", "6amIaboP9oy-01319-00286156-00286449": "If you are compelled to publish in", "6amIaboP9oy-01320-00286449-00286709": "the historical top, not in nature.", "6amIaboP9oy-01321-00286709-00287023": "You're gonna try to publish in nature,", "6amIaboP9oy-01322-00287023-00287132": "that's I mean,", "6amIaboP9oy-01323-00287132-00287388": "that's protect your job and your reputation.", "6amIaboP9oy-01324-00287388-00287570": "So what can what are?", "6amIaboP9oy-01325-00287570-00287808": "What are there ways that we can", "6amIaboP9oy-01326-00287808-00287995": "facilitate this conversation or help", "6amIaboP9oy-01327-00287995-00288153": "people start thinking differently?", "6amIaboP9oy-01328-00291039-00291443": "OK, I see that I think a newsletter. OK.", "6amIaboP9oy-01329-00291860-00292050": "Oh, about kind of highlighting different", "6amIaboP9oy-01330-00292050-00292218": "Open Access journals and fields.", "6amIaboP9oy-01331-00292218-00292413": "I think that's an excellent idea.", "6amIaboP9oy-01332-00292413-00292607": "Love it. Meeting with ***** chairs", "6amIaboP9oy-01333-00292607-00292802": "to have a discussion about it.", "6amIaboP9oy-01334-00292803-00292957": "I'm reading this out loud", "6amIaboP9oy-01335-00292957-00293160": "in case some of you don't,", "6amIaboP9oy-01336-00293160-00293355": "or on your phones or whatever.", "6amIaboP9oy-01337-00293355-00293639": "Can't read chat too easily.", "6amIaboP9oy-01338-00293639-00293907": "Those are also really good suggestions.", "6amIaboP9oy-01339-00293908-00294050": "Meeting with PNT.", "6amIaboP9oy-01340-00294050-00294287": "Chairs are seeing from those", "6amIaboP9oy-01341-00294287-00294470": "chairs perspectives about what", "6amIaboP9oy-01342-00294470-00294712": "they're looking for or what might,", "6amIaboP9oy-01343-00294713-00294815": "what could change.", "6amIaboP9oy-01344-00294815-00295132": "Maybe in some of their wording or guidelines,", "6amIaboP9oy-01345-00295132-00295508": "or what they may need from other units", "6amIaboP9oy-01346-00295508-00295847": "of campus might be really helpful.", "6amIaboP9oy-01347-00295848-00295939": "Excellent.", "6amIaboP9oy-01348-00296543-00296642": "Tracy, good question.", "6amIaboP9oy-01349-00296642-00296876": "A scope is does index Open Access", "6amIaboP9oy-01350-00296882-00297076": "journals if it is peer reviewed?", "6amIaboP9oy-01351-00297076-00297242": "I actually just submitted one", "6amIaboP9oy-01352-00297242-00297408": "that wasn't indexed. It's health.", "6amIaboP9oy-01353-00297408-00297573": "Veterans Health Journal, veterans health.", "6amIaboP9oy-01354-00297573-00297797": "So now it's being reviewed 'cause it", "6amIaboP9oy-01355-00297797-00298041": "is a peer reviewed Open Access Journal,", "6amIaboP9oy-01356-00298042-00298256": "so you can actually make suggestions if", "6amIaboP9oy-01357-00298256-00298448": "you think Open Access journals should", "6amIaboP9oy-01358-00298448-00298712": "be indexed and then they will do an", "6amIaboP9oy-01359-00298712-00298906": "investigation to include the indexing.", "6amIaboP9oy-01360-00298907-00299154": "But yes they do, and you can actually", "6amIaboP9oy-01361-00299154-00299418": "limit to Open Access in your searches.", "6amIaboP9oy-01362-00299419-00299630": "So this is something I do want to say.", "6amIaboP9oy-01363-00299631-00299754": "If you have questions about how", "6amIaboP9oy-01364-00299754-00299913": "do I find Open Access journals,", "6amIaboP9oy-01365-00299913-00300039": "where do we even start?", "6amIaboP9oy-01366-00300039-00300288": "What's a tool I can use to find these things?", "6amIaboP9oy-01367-00300288-00300463": "Please reach out to your library and", "6amIaboP9oy-01368-00300463-00300636": "you don't have to know this right?", "6amIaboP9oy-01369-00300637-00300807": "Let us take some of that weight from", "6amIaboP9oy-01370-00300807-00301009": "you or help you do some investigation.", "6amIaboP9oy-01371-00301010-00301200": "It also helps us learn better about what", "6amIaboP9oy-01372-00301200-00301408": "you need to help tailor services as well,", "6amIaboP9oy-01373-00301409-00301595": "so don't hesitate to reach out even if", "6amIaboP9oy-01374-00301595-00301806": "you feel like you should know the answer.", "6amIaboP9oy-01375-00301807-00301967": "'cause we would say that you know", "6amIaboP9oy-01376-00301967-00302131": "to even grad students like you.", "6amIaboP9oy-01377-00302131-00302354": "Of course you don't know all the answers yet.", "6amIaboP9oy-01378-00302355-00302528": "We're still teaching you, you know where.", "6amIaboP9oy-01379-00302529-00302841": "We're kind of learning this together as well.", "6amIaboP9oy-01380-00302842-00303159": "So I would just a on that scope is question,", "6amIaboP9oy-01381-00303159-00303348": "so I think that that happens.", "6amIaboP9oy-01382-00303349-00303530": "Let Scopus though there are good", "6amIaboP9oy-01383-00303530-00303698": "oh ejournals not in Scopus.", "6amIaboP9oy-01384-00303698-00303887": "I want to make that clear.", "6amIaboP9oy-01385-00303888-00304093": "They have a pretty high bar for", "6amIaboP9oy-01386-00304093-00304321": "inclusion and that even within the hard", "6amIaboP9oy-01387-00304321-00304521": "science fields that they're good at,", "6amIaboP9oy-01388-00304522-00304549": "right?", "6amIaboP9oy-01389-00304549-00304773": "I think the ejournal has to be around", "6amIaboP9oy-01390-00304773-00305005": "for a certain number of years before", "6amIaboP9oy-01391-00305005-00305220": "they would even consider including it,", "6amIaboP9oy-01392-00305220-00305472": "so that puts a lot of new good", "6amIaboP9oy-01393-00305472-00305631": "journals off off the mat.", "6amIaboP9oy-01394-00305632-00305946": "For scope is an, of course, copus is.", "6amIaboP9oy-01395-00305946-00306134": "Really a very.", "6amIaboP9oy-01396-00306134-00306167": "Bench,", "6amIaboP9oy-01397-00306167-00306336": "an medical Health Sciences oriented", "6amIaboP9oy-01398-00306336-00306554": "database and does not do a good", "6amIaboP9oy-01399-00306554-00306709": "job in the social Sciences and", "6amIaboP9oy-01400-00306709-00306835": "terrible in the humanities.", "6amIaboP9oy-01401-00306836-00307189": "So just gotta throw that out there.", "6amIaboP9oy-01402-00307190-00307270": "A great import,", "6amIaboP9oy-01403-00307270-00307459": "so there's no one great place to", "6amIaboP9oy-01404-00307465-00307640": "search to find what you're looking", "6amIaboP9oy-01405-00307640-00307847": "for and make life so much easier,", "6amIaboP9oy-01406-00307848-00308129": "but it doesn't really exist.", "6amIaboP9oy-01407-00308129-00308347": "Nicholle suggestion couple suggestions.", "6amIaboP9oy-01408-00308347-00308674": "There is really interesting as well.", "6amIaboP9oy-01409-00308674-00308830": "About having faculty pages,", "6amIaboP9oy-01410-00308830-00308986": "including links to Open", "6amIaboP9oy-01411-00308986-00309166": "Works Anne working papers,", "6amIaboP9oy-01412-00309166-00309371": "I think that's really interesting.", "6amIaboP9oy-01413-00309590-00309653": "Oh", "6amIaboP9oy-01414-00310169-00310437": "oh, I think Nicole your your", "6amIaboP9oy-01415-00310437-00310671": "examples about linking to your", "6amIaboP9oy-01416-00310671-00310903": "Google profiles and your CVS", "6amIaboP9oy-01417-00310903-00311173": "being difficult on IOU websites.", "6amIaboP9oy-01418-00311173-00311485": "I think that's something that", "6amIaboP9oy-01419-00311485-00311876": "the libraries and it could start.", "6amIaboP9oy-01420-00311876-00312116": "Thinking about solutions for and I", "6amIaboP9oy-01421-00312116-00312376": "would also suggest this is a good", "6amIaboP9oy-01422-00312376-00312593": "another plug for for a tool called.", "6amIaboP9oy-01423-00312594-00312843": "Orchid Orkid is a good place to", "6amIaboP9oy-01424-00312843-00313023": "keep your scholarly profile that", "6amIaboP9oy-01425-00313023-00313280": "I would hope you would be able to", "6amIaboP9oy-01426-00313288-00313526": "link to from your University page.", "6amIaboP9oy-01427-00313527-00313886": "And if you need help with any orc ID stuff,", "6amIaboP9oy-01428-00313886-00314102": "please reach out to your librarian.", "6amIaboP9oy-01429-00315275-00315504": "I mean, I think also contributing to", "6amIaboP9oy-01430-00315504-00315722": "the conversation. So as far as what", "6amIaboP9oy-01431-00315722-00315966": "the library can do to support me,", "6amIaboP9oy-01432-00315966-00316213": "I think with P&TI think I understand that", "6amIaboP9oy-01433-00316213-00316523": "a lot of that is making a case for why I", "6amIaboP9oy-01434-00316523-00316787": "should have received promotion and tenure,", "6amIaboP9oy-01435-00316788-00316986": "and I think sometimes understanding", "6amIaboP9oy-01436-00316986-00317220": "that publishing and Open Access may", "6amIaboP9oy-01437-00317220-00317423": "have different benefits to me or to", "6amIaboP9oy-01438-00317423-00317653": "the field or to the profession and so.", "6amIaboP9oy-01439-00317654-00317915": "How do I then work on making that argument?", "6amIaboP9oy-01440-00317915-00318083": "I think that there's different ways", "6amIaboP9oy-01441-00318083-00318231": "of looking at different statistics", "6amIaboP9oy-01442-00318231-00318356": "and having different conversations", "6amIaboP9oy-01443-00318356-00318572": "that we may not have been prepared", "6amIaboP9oy-01444-00318572-00318731": "for because we were prepared to", "6amIaboP9oy-01445-00318731-00318901": "publish in certain journals and have", "6amIaboP9oy-01446-00318901-00319017": "these kind of conversations,", "6amIaboP9oy-01447-00319017-00319180": "but I think understanding more how", "6amIaboP9oy-01448-00319180-00319365": "we make those cases for ourselves,", "6amIaboP9oy-01449-00319365-00319510": "I think would be beneficial.", "6amIaboP9oy-01450-00320698-00320956": "I think that's a great suggestion,", "6amIaboP9oy-01451-00320957-00321264": "certainly. Workshops and discussions", "6amIaboP9oy-01452-00321264-00321503": "around scholarly metrics of all", "6amIaboP9oy-01453-00321503-00321766": "types think could be valuable to us", "6amIaboP9oy-01454-00321766-00322069": "as a library, and to you guys too.", "6amIaboP9oy-01455-00322069-00322275": "Yeah, that's a great idea.", "6amIaboP9oy-01456-00322496-00322814": "Intro to a for PhD programs.", "6amIaboP9oy-01457-00322815-00323267": "That's a good idea too, yeah.", "6amIaboP9oy-01458-00323267-00323463": "That may be happening in certain", "6amIaboP9oy-01459-00323463-00323655": "disciplines with certain subject librarians,", "6amIaboP9oy-01460-00323655-00323831": "but we certainly don't have", "6amIaboP9oy-01461-00323831-00324008": "a broad effort at that.", "6amIaboP9oy-01462-00324008-00324185": "I do think that H.", "6amIaboP9oy-01463-00324185-00324458": "Com might be asking their new students", "6amIaboP9oy-01464-00324458-00324714": "to have orchidees at orientation now.", "6amIaboP9oy-01465-00324715-00324988": "Which is the scholarly profile", "6amIaboP9oy-01466-00324988-00325207": "I would mention before.", "6amIaboP9oy-01467-00325208-00325310": "Those are great ideas.", "6amIaboP9oy-01468-00326065-00326320": "Yeah Mel, I can't help for so.", "6amIaboP9oy-01469-00326321-00326580": "Kind of when Evan you said like making", "6amIaboP9oy-01470-00326580-00326811": "a case to why this is important", "6amIaboP9oy-01471-00326811-00327026": "in a way that we've traditionally", "6amIaboP9oy-01472-00327026-00327272": "may have not thought about.", "6amIaboP9oy-01473-00327273-00327443": "The those impacts gets to", "6amIaboP9oy-01474-00327443-00327675": "what Mel I think is saying.", "6amIaboP9oy-01475-00327675-00327894": "At least in my brain about", "6amIaboP9oy-01476-00327894-00328004": "evidence based practice.", "6amIaboP9oy-01477-00328005-00328218": "So if we're supposed to make", "6amIaboP9oy-01478-00328218-00328406": "clinical or like research and", "6amIaboP9oy-01479-00328406-00328598": "clinical decisions are based on", "6amIaboP9oy-01480-00328598-00328830": "the literature but not but people.", "6amIaboP9oy-01481-00328831-00328969": "Actual connection clinicians are", "6amIaboP9oy-01482-00328969-00329141": "scientists not connected to University,", "6amIaboP9oy-01483-00329142-00329361": "don't have access to the", "6amIaboP9oy-01484-00329361-00329581": "literature to make those decisions.", "6amIaboP9oy-01485-00329581-00329836": "How is that evidence based practice?", "6amIaboP9oy-01486-00329836-00330049": "It just doesn't make sense.", "6amIaboP9oy-01487-00330049-00330329": "So this this for me is the", "6amIaboP9oy-01488-00330329-00330540": "biggest connection that why I'm", "6amIaboP9oy-01489-00330540-00330790": "motivated to talk about this and", "6amIaboP9oy-01490-00330790-00331025": "continue to learn and stretch.", "6amIaboP9oy-01491-00331026-00331365": "So thank you for that.", "6amIaboP9oy-01492-00331365-00331670": "OK, we only have a couple minutes left,", "6amIaboP9oy-01493-00331671-00331945": "so I do want to add a form though", "6amIaboP9oy-01494-00331945-00332186": "this this chat conversation here", "6amIaboP9oy-01495-00332186-00332490": "is beautiful Chef kiss because it's", "6amIaboP9oy-01496-00332498-00332787": "giving me a lot of ideas of where we", "6amIaboP9oy-01497-00332787-00333049": "can go from here about future events,", "6amIaboP9oy-01498-00333050-00333100": "conversations,", "6amIaboP9oy-01499-00333100-00333151": "resources,", "6amIaboP9oy-01500-00333151-00333355": "something 'cause personally I", "6amIaboP9oy-01501-00333355-00333638": "don't want this to be just we", "6amIaboP9oy-01502-00333638-00333855": "did a panel and we did a thing.", "6amIaboP9oy-01503-00333855-00334155": "I want to see a conversation moving", "6amIaboP9oy-01504-00334155-00334474": "forward so there is a form that I just.", "6amIaboP9oy-01505-00334475-00334711": "Added to the chat for you to fill", "6amIaboP9oy-01506-00334711-00335003": "out to give a little bit more context", "6amIaboP9oy-01507-00335003-00335309": "about what you might want to see for you,", "6amIaboP9oy-01508-00335310-00335434": "for students and whatever.", "6amIaboP9oy-01509-00335434-00335710": "To see how we can move this forward.", "6amIaboP9oy-01510-00336128-00336332": "Yes, I can share the recording", "6amIaboP9oy-01511-00336332-00336503": "with participle. Yes, another way", "6amIaboP9oy-01512-00336503-00336707": "I have beautiful thing about teams.", "6amIaboP9oy-01513-00336708-00336912": "I have all your chats and", "6amIaboP9oy-01514-00336912-00337014": "participant list here,", "6amIaboP9oy-01515-00337015-00337287": "so I'll make sure to share the link.", "6amIaboP9oy-01516-00337287-00337382": "I'll probably also.", "6amIaboP9oy-01517-00337382-00337540": "I'll upload it somewhere else", "6amIaboP9oy-01518-00337540-00337731": "where it will live permanently.", "6amIaboP9oy-01519-00337731-00337867": "Other than this link,", "6amIaboP9oy-01520-00337867-00338037": "I'll send you an email.", "6amIaboP9oy-01521-00338038-00338242": "I'll send that information as well.", "6amIaboP9oy-01522-00338526-00338730": "Thank you Evan for pushing the", "6amIaboP9oy-01523-00338730-00338900": "recording, 'cause I wasn't sure", "6amIaboP9oy-01524-00338900-00339070": "so I really appreciate that.", "6amIaboP9oy-01525-00339322-00339596": "OK, any final thoughts from panelists?", "6amIaboP9oy-01526-00340022-00340221": "Please fill out the form and just put", "6amIaboP9oy-01527-00340221-00340442": "in there everyone and give us your ideas", "6amIaboP9oy-01528-00340442-00340671": "about what you want to hear in our", "6amIaboP9oy-01529-00340671-00340841": "next session in our next conversation", "6amIaboP9oy-01530-00340841-00341004": "and all other ideas. Thank you.", "6amIaboP9oy-01531-00341475-00341720": "OK, thank you again for talking", "6amIaboP9oy-01532-00341720-00341959": "and chatting and giving us ideas.", "6amIaboP9oy-01533-00341959-00342201": "Have a good rest of your Monday", "6amIaboP9oy-01534-00342201-00342506": "and I'll be in contact with the", "6amIaboP9oy-01535-00342506-00342684": "following email. Thank you.", "6amIaboP9oy-01536-00343116-00343187": "Thanks."}}, {"audio_id": "6aTiMxv1WjM", "text": {"6aTiMxv1WjM-00001-00001190-00001320": "good evening", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00007-00002600-00003052": "this video is about going on hunger strike", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00009-00003112-00003870": "that I started the day before yesterday, i.e this is the second day", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00013-00004114-00004450": "but i will talk about why I went on hunger strike", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00014-00004458-00004696": "but first I will talk about about hunger strike in general", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00015-00004716-00004966": "because there has been a lot of misinformation going around", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00016-00004982-00005208": "the problem that I always face", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00017-00005208-00005434": "is that people talk a lot", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00018-00005434-00005632": "they like to state their own opinion", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00019-00005668-00005900": "everyone wants to chip in even", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00020-00005902-00006110": "if he didn't", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00021-00006264-00006481": "research(the problem) for example,", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00022-00006481-00006554": "unfortunately", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00023-00006590-00006831": "first of what", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00024-00006840-00007031": "I heard a lot from different people", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00025-00007066-00007304": "that hunger strike should be when someone is in custody", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00026-00007308-00007458": "i.e you have to be imprisoned to go on strike", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00027-00007458-00007558": "this is also wrong", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00028-00007570-00007968": "whoever says that has no idea about hunger strike", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00029-00007990-00008186": "and haven't read about hunger strike", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00030-00008204-00008488": "Strike doesn't have to be only when you are imprisoned", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00031-00008672-00008976": "on the contrary, going on strike when you are in custody", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00032-00009002-00009778": "one's situation in prison is weaker", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00033-00009778-00010576": "because, very simply, authorities often force feed (the prisoner)", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00034-00010648-00010882": "they feed the prisoner by force", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00035-00010882-00011244": "hunger strike", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00036-00011262-00011722": "the country or countries can detain people and force feed them", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00037-00011748-00011894": "it will do that basically", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00038-00012070-00012356": "stories of strikes throughout history most of them", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00039-00012356-00012496": "wasn't taken by prisoners", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00040-00012614-00012891": "Gandhi, for example, or others", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00041-00012904-00013141": "wasn't imprisoned or anything", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00042-00013168-00013468": "a person doesn't have to be in prison to go on strike", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00043-00013482-00013582": "this is also nonsense", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00044-00013596-00013826": "I hope..", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00045-00013856-00014154": "that we don't state our (unexpert) opinion at all, never", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00046-00014174-00014458": "I also hope, another important thing,", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00047-00014476-00014608": "that", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00048-00014676-00015046": "people who advice me to break my hunger strike", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00049-00015084-00015232": "and put pressure on me", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00050-00015256-00015332": "this is not..", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00051-00015382-00015524": "I really appreciate your worries about me", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00052-00015541-00015641": "but this is not the way", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00053-00015662-00015784": "I didn't go on strike for no reason", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00054-00015784-00015984": "there must be a very big thing", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00055-00015984-00016184": "that made me", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00056-00016184-00016384": "I mean made Ahmad Harqan go on hunger strike, I mean", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00057-00016384-00016702": "I mean I am not infamous for being a pervert", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00058-00016702-00016752": "or", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00059-00016754-00016986": "that I don't study my resolutions", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00060-00017084-00017310": "I studied this decision really well", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00061-00017310-00017512": "and don't want anyone", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00062-00017540-00017682": "to ask me to reconsider it", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00063-00017710-00018088": "to me my health and life is important and all", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00064-00018100-00018298": "but my freedom ia also important", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00065-00018298-00018480": "what happened with me", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00066-00018480-00018636": "i.e. it's injustice", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00067-00018636-00018812": "a big injustice", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00068-00018812-00018956": "and", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00069-00018956-00019164": "wasn't necessary", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00070-00019190-00019380": "it wasn't needed to be", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00071-00019394-00019646": "I mean when since 2016 I try to travel (out of Egypt)", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00072-00019646-00019982": "I mean I don't travel because I want to immigrate . for example", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00073-00019982-00020182": "even if I wanted to immigrate", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00074-00020182-00020338": "but I don't want to immigrate, that's my right", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00075-00020338-00020478": "I was traveling for personal reasons", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00076-00020498-00020592": "like anyone", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00077-00020600-00020834": "who wants to fulfill his needs", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00078-00020926-00021090": "last time they banned me from traveling", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00079-00021090-00021440": "I was really traveling for something very very important to me", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00080-00021440-00021584": "and they know very well", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00081-00021586-00021842": "they know very well why am I traveling", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00082-00021842-00021996": "and they know", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00083-00022002-00022210": "how important is this trip for me", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00084-00022220-00022386": "and still, very simply said \"you're not traveling\"", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00085-00022408-00022534": "the security officer", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00086-00022534-00022870": "but why? he said because you", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00087-00022870-00023078": "because your activity that you know about", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00088-00023078-00023366": "so...I want to know what is that activity that I know about", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00089-00023366-00023512": "I want someone to explain to me or enlighten me", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00090-00023512-00023656": "or enlighten the officers who can hear me now", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00091-00023656-00023804": "if any one of them is listening now", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00092-00023804-00024052": "enlighter the authorities", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00093-00024060-00024242": "or anyone who happens to see this video", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00094-00024242-00024496": "i.e. enlighten us and enlighter them and tells us", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00095-00024496-00024864": "what is the activities that I commited", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00096-00024864-00025222": "that may provoke travel ban?", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00097-00025224-00025588": "what is it that I do you see wrong?", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00098-00025588-00026062": "watch my channel. What's in it that is wrong", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00099-00026080-00026388": "what did I say wrong?", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00100-00026404-00026610": "this commentator is saying, \"we expected more from you\"", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00101-00026645-00026970": "never mind. I also have a private life that's important", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00102-00026992-00027268": "just the as my public life", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00103-00027268-00027460": "in the contrary, I may have done my deeds", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00104-00027468-00027604": "in public life", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00105-00027618-00027788": "but my private life  is important", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00106-00027788-00028062": "and this is a private matter", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00107-00028077-00028338": "I'm not saying that I'm going on hunger strike", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00108-00028338-00028562": "to sacrifice my life  for some case", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00109-00028562-00028830": "I'm  on hunger strike for personal reasons now", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00110-00028852-00029088": "I am on hunger strike because now", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00111-00029095-00029233": "I need something", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00112-00029233-00029376": "I need to travel for something", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00113-00029376-00029500": "very important in my life", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00114-00029508-00029762": "and they refuse", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00115-00029762-00030170": "no court order against me, nor a decision from the Attorney General", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00116-00030170-00030324": "nor anything from the National security", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00117-00030338-00030620": "this is not fair", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00118-00030688-00031133": "and also I am not asking anyone", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00119-00031133-00031360": "to", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00120-00031360-00031748": "worry or do anything because of me", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00122-00031918-00031992": "no", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00123-00031992-00032414": "I only, in a nutshell, this is between me and the National security", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00124-00032422-00032752": "one of the establishment that is supposed", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00125-00032760-00032932": "to work for the benefit of citizens", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00126-00032940-00033066": "I am now ..I want", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00127-00033086-00033276": "my right to travel", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00128-00033276-00033518": "and you", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00129-00033528-00033684": "are preventing that without any excuse", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00130-00033684-00033888": "so reconsider this subject", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00131-00033906-00034052": "and I won't be able to continue  in this life", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00132-00034054-00034210": "in this matter, in a nutshell", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00133-00034224-00034338": "i.e. I will never break my strike, imposible", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00134-00034338-00034454": "imposible", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00135-00034464-00034552": "imposible", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00136-00034552-00034784": "the National security have to imprison me for life", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00137-00034804-00034936": "and feed me for life", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00138-00034936-00035238": "by force, because if such procedures are applied here", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00139-00035258-00035488": "which I don't think it is applied here", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00140-00035488-00035750": "so I will not stop this strike", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00141-00035760-00035922": "and when I die you will be relieved", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00142-00035934-00036034": "but after what?", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00143-00036054-00036284": "I hope you learn an important lesson", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00144-00036288-00036398": "after that", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00145-00036398-00036750": "to respect the right of the citizens", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00146-00036760-00036972": "because, there was no need for this", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00147-00036992-00037196": "I am neither a terrorist, nor did anything", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00148-00037214-00037320": "nor have any problems with anybody", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00149-00037320-00037470": "I have no problem with anybody", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00150-00037488-00037844": "no Muslim clergymen,  nor christians", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00151-00037844-00038022": "nor anyone", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00152-00038050-00038428": "I don't have any problem with anybody", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00153-00038446-00038496": "so,", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00155-00038692-00038818": "this is reality", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00156-00038818-00038988": "I have done my done my deeds", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00157-00039006-00039254": "and I think this way", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00159-00039530-00039780": "I haven't done anyone wrong", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00160-00039784-00040024": "and this is my right that's protected by the constitution", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00162-00040098-00040248": "I didn't do anyone wrong at all", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00163-00040268-00040394": "nor harmed anyone", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00164-00040394-00040726": "and lived this life for thirty six years now", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00165-00040754-00041018": "without harming anyone", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00167-00041194-00041492": "i.e. if my life ends like this", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00170-00041943-00042158": "I mean I don't know", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00171-00042214-00042372": "I don't know", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00172-00042394-00042652": "I can't say that", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00173-00042730-00043002": "I can't say anything but that there is something wrong", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00174-00043034-00043282": "that this", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00175-00043346-00043576": "that this behavior is wrong", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00176-00043598-00043732": "whoever is behind it", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00177-00043750-00044004": "a big officer in rank,  a small officer", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00178-00044030-00044236": "whoever is behind this decision of travel ban", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00179-00044260-00044342": "is mistaken", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00180-00044342-00044542": "mistaken and", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00181-00044616-00044666": "in general,", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00182-00044688-00044762": "citizen's right", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00183-00044772-00045114": "that is confiscated this way have to be taken back", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00184-00045114-00045180": "generally speaking", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00185-00045190-00045326": "but on the private matter", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00186-00045342-00045470": "I didn't do anything", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00187-00045470-00045722": "and I don't pose a threat on security  in any place in the world", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00188-00045738-00045848": "everybody know that", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00189-00045864-00046052": "and this is the truth that no one can deny", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00190-00046052-00046362": "no one at all can discuss it", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00191-00046398-00046470": "the people who", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00192-00046480-00046634": "my friends who shared the hashtag", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00193-00046634-00046752": "#I_support_Ahmad_Hargan", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00194-00046778-00046922": "on Twitter and on facebook", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00195-00046922-00047058": "I don't know how to thank them", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00196-00047082-00047364": "honestly, this is a big support and I couldn't", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00197-00047380-00047526": "imagine that", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00198-00047560-00047848": "this number of supporters", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00199-00047862-00047938": "also,", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00200-00047944-00048330": "people who like to bring this problem", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00201-00048358-00048592": "to the media everywhere", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00202-00048630-00048868": "also I thank them for their efforts", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00203-00048868-00049114": "because this may also bring my voice", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00204-00049134-00049254": "to the attention of the (proper) sectors (in the country)", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00205-00049258-00049570": "I have stated my aspiration", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00206-00049582-00049782": "that the president (of Egypt) know about", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00207-00049782-00049886": "this problem and", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00208-00049906-00050006": "and I think", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00209-00050050-00050272": "almost can assure that if he knows", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00210-00050304-00050428": "this problem and it's details", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00211-00050428-00050740": "he wouldn't have agreed on what's happening to me", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00212-00050740-00050876": "thank you very much", "6aTiMxv1WjM-00213-00050876-00051076": "and see you later"}}, {"audio_id": "6ab3NOpemNQ", "text": {"6ab3NOpemNQ-00000-00000010-00000250": "AFTERNOON AT U.S. BANK STADIUM.", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00001-00000250-00000256": "AFTERNOON AT U.S. BANK STADIUM.", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00002-00000256-00000517": "AFTERNOON AT U.S. BANK STADIUM. PATRIOTS GET ST. CROIX ON", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00003-00000517-00000523": "AFTERNOON AT U.S. BANK STADIUM. PATRIOTS GET ST. CROIX ON", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00004-00000523-00000834": "AFTERNOON AT U.S. BANK STADIUM. PATRIOTS GET ST. CROIX ON SATURDAY AFTERNOON.", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00005-00000834-00000840": "PATRIOTS GET ST. CROIX ON SATURDAY AFTERNOON.", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00006-00000840-00000907": "PATRIOTS GET ST. CROIX ON SATURDAY AFTERNOON. >>> MEN'S HOCKEY BSU AND", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00007-00000907-00000914": "SATURDAY AFTERNOON. >>> MEN'S HOCKEY BSU AND", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00008-00000914-00000977": "SATURDAY AFTERNOON. >>> MEN'S HOCKEY BSU AND  MINNESOTA STATE. GAME TWO FROM", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00009-00000977-00000984": ">>> MEN'S HOCKEY BSU AND  MINNESOTA STATE. GAME TWO FROM", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00010-00000984-00001054": ">>> MEN'S HOCKEY BSU AND  MINNESOTA STATE. GAME TWO FROM SATURDAY EVENING. LET'S GO TO", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00011-00001054-00001061": "MINNESOTA STATE. GAME TWO FROM SATURDAY EVENING. LET'S GO TO", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00012-00001061-00001121": "MINNESOTA STATE. GAME TWO FROM SATURDAY EVENING. LET'S GO TO THE SECOND. GAME TIED 4-4.", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00013-00001121-00001127": "SATURDAY EVENING. LET'S GO TO THE SECOND. GAME TIED 4-4.", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00014-00001127-00001187": "SATURDAY EVENING. LET'S GO TO THE SECOND. GAME TIED 4-4.  BEAVERS ATTACKING. FRESHMAN", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00015-00001187-00001194": "THE SECOND. GAME TIED 4-4.  BEAVERS ATTACKING. FRESHMAN", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00016-00001194-00001257": "THE SECOND. GAME TIED 4-4.  BEAVERS ATTACKING. FRESHMAN AARON MILLER. THE SLAPSHOT TO", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00017-00001257-00001264": "BEAVERS ATTACKING. FRESHMAN AARON MILLER. THE SLAPSHOT TO", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00018-00001264-00001491": "BEAVERS ATTACKING. FRESHMAN AARON MILLER. THE SLAPSHOT TO SOUND THE HORN. BSU TAKES THE L", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00019-00001491-00001498": "AARON MILLER. THE SLAPSHOT TO SOUND THE HORN. BSU TAKES THE L", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00020-00001498-00001571": "AARON MILLER. THE SLAPSHOT TO SOUND THE HORN. BSU TAKES THE L  MAVERICKS TIE IT UP LATER BUT I", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00021-00001571-00001578": "SOUND THE HORN. BSU TAKES THE L  MAVERICKS TIE IT UP LATER BUT I", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00022-00001578-00001855": "SOUND THE HORN. BSU TAKES THE L  MAVERICKS TIE IT UP LATER BUT I  THE THIRD. PULL OUT YOUR HATS", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00023-00001855-00001861": "MAVERICKS TIE IT UP LATER BUT I  THE THIRD. PULL OUT YOUR HATS", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00024-00001861-00001938": "MAVERICKS TIE IT UP LATER BUT I  THE THIRD. PULL OUT YOUR HATS BECAUSE JAY DICKMAN'S SCORES HIS", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00025-00001938-00001945": "THE THIRD. PULL OUT YOUR HATS BECAUSE JAY DICKMAN'S SCORES HIS", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00026-00001945-00002098": "THE THIRD. PULL OUT YOUR HATS BECAUSE JAY DICKMAN'S SCORES HIS THIRD OF THE GAME. A HAT TRICK", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00027-00002098-00002105": "BECAUSE JAY DICKMAN'S SCORES HIS THIRD OF THE GAME. A HAT TRICK", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00028-00002105-00002395": "BECAUSE JAY DICKMAN'S SCORES HIS THIRD OF THE GAME. A HAT TRICK ALSO GIVES THEM A 6-5- ADVANTAG", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00029-00002395-00002402": "THIRD OF THE GAME. A HAT TRICK ALSO GIVES THEM A 6-5- ADVANTAG", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00030-00002402-00002532": "THIRD OF THE GAME. A HAT TRICK ALSO GIVES THEM A 6-5- ADVANTAG  BUT MINNESOTA STATE HAD AN", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00031-00002532-00002539": "ALSO GIVES THEM A 6-5- ADVANTAG  BUT MINNESOTA STATE HAD AN", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00032-00002539-00002609": "ALSO GIVES THEM A 6-5- ADVANTAG  BUT MINNESOTA STATE HAD AN  ANSWER ALL NIGHT AND HIS NAME", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00033-00002609-00002615": "BUT MINNESOTA STATE HAD AN  ANSWER ALL NIGHT AND HIS NAME", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00034-00002615-00002772": "BUT MINNESOTA STATE HAD AN  ANSWER ALL NIGHT AND HIS NAME  WAS MAX COADA. HE GETS A HAT", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00035-00002772-00002779": "ANSWER ALL NIGHT AND HIS NAME  WAS MAX COADA. HE GETS A HAT", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00036-00002779-00003073": "ANSWER ALL NIGHT AND HIS NAME  WAS MAX COADA. HE GETS A HAT TRICK OF HIS OWN. THEY SCORE THE", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00037-00003073-00003079": "WAS MAX COADA. HE GETS A HAT TRICK OF HIS OWN. THEY SCORE THE", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00038-00003079-00003326": "WAS MAX COADA. HE GETS A HAT TRICK OF HIS OWN. THEY SCORE THE IN THE THIRD.", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00039-00003326-00003333": "TRICK OF HIS OWN. THEY SCORE THE IN THE THIRD.", "6ab3NOpemNQ-00040-00003333-00003390": "TRICK OF HIS OWN. THEY SCORE THE IN THE THIRD. MAVERICKS GET THE SWEEP WITH A"}}, {"audio_id": "6bh9TnUerxU", "text": {"6bh9TnUerxU-00000-00000000-00000400": "This is a 2D video, click here for the 3D SBS version", "6bh9TnUerxU-00001-00001971-00002241": "\"Donnelly did not pass through the caves\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00002-00002241-00002460": "\"From here on in, his guidance\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00003-00002460-00002630": "\"unreliable as it is\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00004-00002630-00002850": "\"is gone from me\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00005-00002850-00003150": "\"I understand now that it is between the two of us\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00006-00003150-00003600": "\"and whatever correspondence can be drawn from the wet rocks\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00007-00005043-00005380": "This part leaves me speechless", "6bh9TnUerxU-00008-00008000-00008300": "Every stone, every crack on the wall", "6bh9TnUerxU-00009-00008300-00008600": "Every stalactite and stalagmite", "6bh9TnUerxU-00010-00009303-00009761": "This is... really amazing", "6bh9TnUerxU-00011-00009947-00010300": "\"I first saw him sat by the side of the road\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00012-00010300-00010700": "\"I was waiting for you to be cut out of the wreckage\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00013-00010700-00011050": "\"The car looked like it had been dropped from a great height\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00014-00011050-00011355": "\"The guts of the engine spilled over the tarmac\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00015-00011355-00011600": "\"Like water underground\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00016-00012106-00012506": "So we know the first time he saw Jacobson", "6bh9TnUerxU-00017-00012609-00013080": "was after the accident that ended Esther's life", "6bh9TnUerxU-00018-00014309-00014780": "Oh my God... what a climb!", "6bh9TnUerxU-00019-00015309-00015700": "Oh my God... OH MY GOD", "6bh9TnUerxU-00020-00016559-00017300": "I would love to see this in a higher resolution Oculus Rift", "6bh9TnUerxU-00021-00017502-00018202": "This is the most amazing experience I have ever seen in virtual reality", "6bh9TnUerxU-00022-00018702-00019102": "Well... I'm not afraid of heights!", "6bh9TnUerxU-00023-00021602-00021802": "This stream that comes to me", "6bh9TnUerxU-00024-00021802-00022502": "This cave would be like 3 or 4 meters wide", "6bh9TnUerxU-00025-00022602-00022752": "And 2 or 3 high", "6bh9TnUerxU-00026-00023002-00023302": "And I have never seen anything like this in my life", "6bh9TnUerxU-00027-00023502-00023952": "Great way of using sound, the lights, textures...", "6bh9TnUerxU-00028-00024738-00024938": "Here we get to another area", "6bh9TnUerxU-00029-00025038-00025538": "And the cave exit is...", "6bh9TnUerxU-00030-00025638-00026038": "There is an incredible river here, the water is perfect!", "6bh9TnUerxU-00031-00026138-00026438": "They use ambient sound extremely well", "6bh9TnUerxU-00032-00026738-00027038": "Look how the sound of the water changes its pace!", "6bh9TnUerxU-00033-00027508-00027738": "Great attention for details", "6bh9TnUerxU-00034-00028158-00028538": "Every stream has its own sound", "6bh9TnUerxU-00035-00030008-00030188": "This is awesome", "6bh9TnUerxU-00036-00030508-00030788": "The creators are artists", "6bh9TnUerxU-00037-00030908-00031108": "Look at this candle", "6bh9TnUerxU-00038-00031145-00031606": "Here in the middle of the cave... a candle!", "6bh9TnUerxU-00039-00031745-00031906": "Look at this paving", "6bh9TnUerxU-00040-00032506-00032726": "The drops of water", "6bh9TnUerxU-00041-00032726-00033086": "They are falling just here before me", "6bh9TnUerxU-00042-00033756-00034206": "I have never seen anything remotely similar to this", "6bh9TnUerxU-00043-00034206-00034606": "That makes you feel so strongly that you are really here", "6bh9TnUerxU-00044-00034777-00035207": "Everybody should try this demo, everyone", "6bh9TnUerxU-00045-00035207-00035507": "What a way of selling Oculus Rifts", "6bh9TnUerxU-00046-00035550-00036007": "This exit is... pity you can't feel it in the video but", "6bh9TnUerxU-00047-00036007-00036407": "this exit, the feeling of actually exiting the tunnel", "6bh9TnUerxU-00048-00036507-00036807": "It's truly spectacular", "6bh9TnUerxU-00049-00036807-00037107": "\"I am travelling through my own body,\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00050-00037107-00037507": "\"following the line of infection from the shattered femur towards the heart\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00051-00037544-00037918": "\"I swallow fistfuls of painkillers to stay lucid\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00052-00037918-00038318": "\"In my delirium, I see the twin lights of the moon and the aerial,\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00053-00038318-00038602": "\"shining to me through the rocks\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00054-00040018-00040282": "Our character is badly injured", "6bh9TnUerxU-00055-00041018-00041152": "What a cave", "6bh9TnUerxU-00056-00041258-00041852": "The ceiling, the heights, the spaces, the dimensions!", "6bh9TnUerxU-00057-00041858-00042102": "This is like a dream", "6bh9TnUerxU-00058-00042158-00042802": "Now I remember that guy who said that Valve's VR demo was like a lucid dream", "6bh9TnUerxU-00059-00042958-00043202": "Had they prepared Dear Esther for Valve's demo...", "6bh9TnUerxU-00060-00043708-00044002": "This is wonderful, marvelous", "6bh9TnUerxU-00061-00044908-00045302": "Mmm, I got stuck here", "6bh9TnUerxU-00062-00045808-00046202": "I'm speaking the truth, as of today,", "6bh9TnUerxU-00063-00046308-00046982": "There is nothing better for consumer VR than Dear Esther with Vireio", "6bh9TnUerxU-00064-00047058-00047522": "\"This is a drowned man’s face reflected in the moonlit waters\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00065-00047522-00048182": "\"It can only be a dead shepherd who has come to drunk drive you home\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00066-00049946-00050346": "It's amazing, and Vireio really shines here", "6bh9TnUerxU-00067-00050406-00050996": "It creates such a convincing effect", "6bh9TnUerxU-00068-00050996-00051406": "The cameras for both eyes are perfectly placed", "6bh9TnUerxU-00069-00052106-00052406": "I can't understand the letters... \"away from...\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00070-00052506-00052706": "I can't see it clearly", "6bh9TnUerxU-00071-00053164-00053424": "I really don't know what else to say", "6bh9TnUerxU-00072-00053504-00053964": "I'm crawling while I climb through the cave", "6bh9TnUerxU-00073-00054004-00054464": "And I can almost feel every stone on my chest", "6bh9TnUerxU-00074-00054704-00055464": "It's awesome, it's... everybody should try it", "6bh9TnUerxU-00075-00055504-00056154": "Oh my God... oh my God", "6bh9TnUerxU-00076-00058384-00058824": "That waterfall over there feels completely real", "6bh9TnUerxU-00077-00059204-00059504": "They have really made the most of the Source engine", "6bh9TnUerxU-00078-00059604-00059804": "What a way of taking full advantage of it", "6bh9TnUerxU-00079-00060104-00060304": "Wow, oh my God", "6bh9TnUerxU-00080-00060404-00060604": "Ok, let's go down!", "6bh9TnUerxU-00081-00061504-00061904": "Look, this is the M5, the place of the accident", "6bh9TnUerxU-00082-00062204-00062404": "It's some kind of dream", "6bh9TnUerxU-00083-00062504-00062704": "Underwater dream", "6bh9TnUerxU-00084-00062704-00063004": "A pallet, the door of the car,", "6bh9TnUerxU-00085-00063054-00063304": "the exhaust pipe...", "6bh9TnUerxU-00086-00063704-00063804": "A sign", "6bh9TnUerxU-00087-00064004-00064204": "And here must be", "6bh9TnUerxU-00088-00064204-00064404": "where the accident happened", "6bh9TnUerxU-00089-00066004-00066154": "And here we are!", "6bh9TnUerxU-00090-00066304-00066654": "I haven't said anything about the musi0:17:53.060,0:17:49.060 c but...", "6bh9TnUerxU-00091-00066704-00066884": "you can hear it", "6bh9TnUerxU-00092-00067004-00067304": "It deserves an award", "6bh9TnUerxU-00093-00067504-00067804": "As well as Dear Esther as a whole", "6bh9TnUerxU-00094-00068504-00068804": "Seeing the light at the end of the tunnel", "6bh9TnUerxU-00095-00068804-00069104": "never was so literal", "6bh9TnUerxU-00096-00072404-00072604": "And this... what does it mean?", "6bh9TnUerxU-00097-00072704-00073004": "Some candles, a tent, some barrels", "6bh9TnUerxU-00098-00073184-00073404": "The Moon is incredible", "6bh9TnUerxU-00099-00073604-00073904": "You can feel the moonlight", "6bh9TnUerxU-00100-00075004-00075392": "\"I wish I could have known Donnelly in this place\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00101-00075392-00075685": "\"we would have had so much to debate\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00102-00075685-00075977": "\"Did he paint these stones, or did I?\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00103-00075977-00076281": "\"Who left the pots in the hut by the jetty?\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00104-00076281-00076508": "\"Who formed the museum under the sea?\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00105-00076508-00076886": "\"Who fell silently to his death, into the frozen waters?\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00106-00076886-00077336": "\"Who erected this godforsaken aerial in the first place?\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00107-00077336-00077685": "\"Did this whole island rise to the surface of my stomach\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00108-00077685-00078005": "\"forcing the gulls to take flight?\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00109-00079242-00079422": "Every bend of the road", "6bh9TnUerxU-00110-00079642-00079900": "leaves me speechless... by the way", "6bh9TnUerxU-00111-00079900-00080200": "There it is... the aerial", "6bh9TnUerxU-00112-00080300-00080500": "And we must get up there", "6bh9TnUerxU-00113-00081440-00081700": "More candles and some pictures", "6bh9TnUerxU-00114-00081900-00082249": "\"We shall begin to assemble our own version of the north shore\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00115-00082249-00082611": "\"We will scrawl in dead languages and electrical diagrams\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00116-00082611-00083034": "\"and hide them away for future theologians to muse and mumble over\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00117-00083034-00083273": "\"We will send a letter to Esther Donelly\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00118-00083273-00083514": "\"and demand her answer\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00119-00083514-00083831": "\"We will mix the paint with ashes\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00120-00083831-00084075": "\"and tarmac and the glow from our infections\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00121-00084075-00084354": "\"We paint a moon over the Sandford junction\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00122-00084354-00084496": "\"and blue lights\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00123-00084496-00084822": "\"falling like stars along the hard shoulder\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00124-00085022-00085222": "I think this is a defibrillator", "6bh9TnUerxU-00125-00085962-00086222": "Great way of playing with the light", "6bh9TnUerxU-00126-00086762-00087052": "This is so wonderful", "6bh9TnUerxU-00127-00089352-00089512": "Another cave", "6bh9TnUerxU-00128-00089702-00089852": "Another picture", "6bh9TnUerxU-00129-00090002-00090602": "And this looks like a chemical diagram or something", "6bh9TnUerxU-00130-00091802-00092452": "Feeling what I'm feeling right now is truly wonderful", "6bh9TnUerxU-00131-00093402-00093749": "\"There were chemical stains on the tarmac\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00132-00093749-00093974": "\"the leak of air conditioning\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00133-00093974-00094134": "\"brake fluid\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00134-00094134-00094289": "\"and petrol\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00135-00094289-00094804": "\"He kept sniffing at his fingers as he sat by the roadside\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00136-00094804-00095164": "\"waiting as if he couldn’t quite understand or recognise their smell\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00137-00095164-00095605": "\"He said he’d been travelling back from a sales conference in Exeter\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00138-00095605-00095885": "\"he’d stopped for farewell drinks earlier\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00139-00095885-00096180": "\"but had kept a careful eye on his intake\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00140-00096180-00096500": "\"You could hear the sirens above the idling traffic\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00141-00097300-00097500": "But who is him?", "6bh9TnUerxU-00142-00097602-00097869": "\"From here I can see my armada\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00143-00097869-00098089": "\"I collected all the letters I’d ever meant to send to you\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00144-00098089-00098348": "\"if I’d have ever made it to the mainland\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00145-00098348-00098756": "\"but had instead collected at the bottom of my rucksack\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00146-00098756-00099046": "\"and I spread them out along the lost beach\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00147-00099046-00099141": "\"Then\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00148-00099141-00099546": "\"I took each and every one and I folded them into boats\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00149-00099546-00099884": "\"I folded you into the creases and then, as the sun was setting\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00150-00099884-00100099": "\"I set the fleet to sail\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00151-00100099-00100300": "\"Shattered into twenty-one pieces\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00152-00100300-00100800": "\"I consigned you to the Atlantic, and I sat here until I’d watched all of you sink\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00153-00101080-00101280": "Twenty-one paper boats,", "6bh9TnUerxU-00154-00101280-00101620": "as letters for our dear Esther", "6bh9TnUerxU-00155-00103086-00103307": "The moment arrived", "6bh9TnUerxU-00156-00103486-00103707": "We must start our last journey", "6bh9TnUerxU-00157-00104007-00104257": "for absolution and redemption", "6bh9TnUerxU-00158-00106207-00106800": "It's curious that this experience can really move you", "6bh9TnUerxU-00159-00106800-00107017": "It's really emotive in first person", "6bh9TnUerxU-00160-00107100-00107397": "\"When Paul keeled over dead on the road to Damascus\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00161-00107397-00107886": "\"they resuscitated him by hitting him in the chest with stones gathered by the roadside\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00162-00107886-00108145": "\"He was lifeless for twenty-one minutes\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00163-00108145-00108750": "\"certainly long enough for the oxygen levels in his brain to have decreased\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00164-00108750-00109117": "\"and caused hallucinations and delusions of transcendence\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00165-00109117-00109349": "\"I am running out of painkillers\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00166-00109349-00109706": "\"and the moon has become almost unbearably bright\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00167-00109846-00110208": "Twenty-one minutes, twenty-one letters", "6bh9TnUerxU-00168-00110408-00110769": "And who is Paul? Is him?", "6bh9TnUerxU-00169-00110769-00110969": "Are we Paul?", "6bh9TnUerxU-00170-00113265-00113565": "\"I’ve begun my voyage in a paper boat without a bottom\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00171-00113565-00113824": "\"I will fly to the moon in it\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00172-00113824-00114143": "\"I have been folded along a crease in time\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00173-00114143-00114403": "\"a weakness in the sheet of life\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00174-00114403-00114836": "\"Now, you’ve settled on the opposite side of the paper to me\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00175-00114836-00115407": "\"I can see your traces in the ink that soaks through the fibre, the pulped vegetation\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00176-00115407-00115726": "\"When we become waterlogged, and the cage disintegrates\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00177-00115726-00115930": "\"we will intermingle\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00178-00115930-00116307": "\"When this paper aeroplane leaves the cliff edge\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00179-00116307-00116594": "\"and carves parallel vapour trails in the dark\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00180-00116594-00116804": "\"we will come together\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00181-00118485-00118800": "\"If only Donnelly had experienced this\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00182-00118800-00119160": "\"he would have realised he was his own shoreline\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00183-00119160-00119400": "\"as am I\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00184-00119400-00119679": "\"Just as I am becoming this island\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00185-00119679-00119946": "\"so he became his syphilis\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00186-00119946-00120181": "\"retreating into the burning synapses\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00187-00120181-00120581": "\"the stones, the infection\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00188-00122140-00122313": "\"Returning to my car afterwards\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00189-00122313-00122754": "\"hands still shaking and a head split open by the impact\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00190-00122754-00123118": "\"Goodbye to tearful aunts and traumatised uncles\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00191-00123118-00123458": "\"goodbye to the phenomenal, goodbye to the tangible\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00192-00123458-00123750": "\"goodbye Wolverhampton, goodbye Sandford\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00193-00123750-00124110": "\"goodbye Cromer, goodbye Damascus\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00194-00124110-00124469": "\"This cliff path is slippery in the dew\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00195-00124469-00124821": "\"it is hard to climb with such an infection\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00196-00124821-00125016": "\"I must carve out the bad flesh\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00197-00125016-00125228": "\"and sling it from the aerial\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00198-00125228-00125628": "\"I must become infused with the very air\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00199-00126052-00126352": "So let's sling the flesh from the aerial", "6bh9TnUerxU-00200-00126700-00127052": "The end of this incredible journey is nigh", "6bh9TnUerxU-00201-00127481-00128021": "Oh my God, what a feeling", "6bh9TnUerxU-00202-00128381-00128521": "Woooow", "6bh9TnUerxU-00203-00129101-00129421": "I'm running out of adjectives", "6bh9TnUerxU-00204-00131301-00131601": "\"He was not drunk, Esther\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00205-00131601-00131801": "\"he was not drunk at all\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00206-00131801-00132039": "\"He had not drunk with Donnelly\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00207-00132039-00132292": "\"or spat Jakobson back at the sea\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00208-00132292-00132849": "\"he had not careered across the lost shores and terminal beaches of this nascent archipelago\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00209-00132849-00133416": "\"He did not intend his bonnet to be crumpled like a spent tissue by the impact\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00210-00133416-00133800": "\"His windscreen was not star-studded all over like a map of the heavens\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00211-00133800-00134225": "\"His paintwork etched with circuit diagrams\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00212-00134225-00134559": "\"strange fish to call the gulls away\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00213-00134559-00135064": "\"The phosphorescence of the skid marks lighting the M5\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00214-00135064-00135307": "\"all the way from Exeter to Damascus\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00215-00135707-00135867": "What a stairs!", "6bh9TnUerxU-00216-00135907-00136107": "What a climb", "6bh9TnUerxU-00217-00136607-00137107": "The wind waving the branches", "6bh9TnUerxU-00218-00137157-00137357": "The sound of the fence", "6bh9TnUerxU-00219-00137857-00138107": "Real, this is real", "6bh9TnUerxU-00220-00138357-00138507": "Real or virtual?", "6bh9TnUerxU-00221-00138557-00138707": "I say this is real", "6bh9TnUerxU-00222-00139057-00139291": "\"I have run out of places to climb\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00223-00139291-00139472": "\"I will abandon this body\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00224-00139472-00139702": "\"and take to the air\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00225-00140002-00140202": "Let's end this", "6bh9TnUerxU-00226-00140366-00140508": "\"Dear Esther\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00227-00140508-00140765": "\"I have burned the cliffs of Damascus\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00228-00140765-00140954": "\"I have drunk deep of it\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00229-00140954-00141123": "\"My heart is my leg\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00230-00141123-00141363": "\"and a black line etched on the paper\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00231-00141363-00141597": "\"all along this boat without a bottom\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00232-00141597-00141758": "\"You are all the world like a nest to me\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00233-00141758-00142111": "\"in which eggs unbroken form like fossils, come together\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00234-00142111-00142473": "\"shatter and send small black flowers to the very air\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00235-00142473-00142776": "\"From this infection, hope\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00236-00142776-00143076": "\"From this island, flight\"", "6bh9TnUerxU-00237-00143076-00143306": "\"From this grief, love\""}}, {"audio_id": "6bJusn7PO8u", "text": {"6bJusn7PO8u-00000-00000652-00001099": "I’d like to welcome to the stage and introduce the next speakers from DataArt", "6bJusn7PO8u-00001-00001099-00001514": "Kirill Timofeev and Denis Baranov.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00002-00001514-00001917": "Kirill and Denis are both leaders and principal consultants at DataArt.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00003-00001917-00002185": "They are they're both experts in innovation and new", "6bJusn7PO8u-00004-00002185-00002521": "technologies and solution providers in the sectors.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00005-00002521-00002882": "Today they will be presenting on the topic of blockchain", "6bJusn7PO8u-00006-00002882-00003369": "winter, the story behind the hype – so let's get a big round of applause for", "6bJusn7PO8u-00007-00003369-00003904": "Kirill and Denis.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00008-00003904-00005209": "Hello everyone thank you for coming second dates usually not so easy to do,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00009-00005209-00005770": "and yet we hear to have talked a little bit about blockchain and you definitely have a", "6bJusn7PO8u-00010-00005770-00006039": "thousands of people surrounding you who have talked about blockchain.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00011-00006039-00006170": "We're trying to make", "6bJusn7PO8u-00012-00006170-00006695": "it a little bit more practical and try to talk about our stories, stories of our", "6bJusn7PO8u-00013-00006695-00007114": "clients, partners, and provide to you some understanding", "6bJusn7PO8u-00014-00007114-00007278": "on what's on the scene", "6bJusn7PO8u-00015-00007278-00007378": "right now.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00016-00007378-00007606": "Because last couple of years have seen changes.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00017-00007606-00007782": "Before we go deeply into the", "6bJusn7PO8u-00018-00007782-00008040": "presentation, probably we'll have a quick introduction.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00019-00008040-00008260": "I am Denis, I have", "6bJusn7PO8u-00020-00008260-00008790": "working for blockchain lasts for four and a half years and actually participate in more", "6bJusn7PO8u-00021-00008790-00008890": "than", "6bJusn7PO8u-00022-00008890-00009275": "twenty different projects in blockchain started from Proof-of-concept and end up", "6bJusn7PO8u-00023-00009275-00009724": "with some real production cases which already up and running in the industry.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00024-00009724-00009928": "and also I have here my colleague Kirill.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00025-00009928-00010109": "Kirill Hey everyone.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00026-00010109-00010300": "It is great to be here.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00027-00010300-00010486": "I'll keep it short, I'm Kirill", "6bJusn7PO8u-00028-00010486-00010992": "I am a principle software architect working blockchain also known as distributed ledger", "6bJusn7PO8u-00029-00010992-00011347": "technologies for the last years.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00030-00011347-00011865": "We are going to share our experience on what it is.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00031-00011865-00012166": "Denis Let's start a little bit.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00032-00012166-00012486": "Most of you probably heard about right it started", "6bJusn7PO8u-00033-00012486-00012643": "to be a crypto winter.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00034-00012643-00013222": "Yes, so thanks god season of the walls of trance also", "6bJusn7PO8u-00035-00013222-00013322": "ends right now.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00036-00013322-00013728": "But Crypton winter it's - why we name it in the industry - anymore", "6bJusn7PO8u-00037-00013728-00014030": "because bitcoin cannot attend thousands of dollars anymore.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00038-00014030-00014534": "and it's probably not so easy to get fundraising or actually people do not talk", "6bJusn7PO8u-00039-00014534-00014806": "about blockchain so much.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00040-00014806-00015241": "It's not really true because we have to divide Crypto", "6bJusn7PO8u-00041-00015241-00015474": "and Distributed Ledger Technology.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00042-00015474-00015782": "And if you talked about Crypto - yeah, I agree,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00043-00015782-00016269": "with bitcoins or other currencies it's not so easy to do sales.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00044-00016269-00016369": "But it's a good", "6bJusn7PO8u-00045-00016369-00017040": "thing actually because right now more interesting thing about how to use blockchain", "6bJusn7PO8u-00046-00017040-00017736": "and not just how to use it in PRC but the production cases and if you go to the", "6bJusn7PO8u-00047-00017736-00018272": "real numbers about how big investment from the different companies into to the", "6bJusn7PO8u-00048-00018272-00018653": "blockchain, you could see it's not decreasing, it's actually increasing.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00049-00018653-00019223": "And another big thing - you can see from that graph it's actually about size of the", "6bJusn7PO8u-00050-00019223-00019391": "deal increases as well.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00051-00019391-00019673": "And again it's connected because of most of the", "6bJusn7PO8u-00052-00019673-00020036": "bigger players in all industry started from finance", "6bJusn7PO8u-00053-00020036-00020766": "and end up these other industries like travel, healthcare or retail actually", "6bJusn7PO8u-00054-00020766-00021256": "Try to do something with blockchain on real project.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00055-00021256-00021429": "It's all started from POC‚Äôs of course", "6bJusn7PO8u-00056-00021429-00022006": "but some of insurance clients, some of insurance partners will", "6bJusn7PO8u-00057-00022006-00022381": "introduce couple on the platform next year or so.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00058-00022381-00022595": "Also, you can see from the news that", "6bJusn7PO8u-00059-00022595-00023036": "bigger players start to use it in real cases for supply chain management", "6bJusn7PO8u-00060-00023036-00023329": "or for manufactures, or others.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00061-00023329-00023876": "And that's actually a game ‚and as any technology it’s", "6bJusn7PO8u-00062-00023876-00024354": "just the technology it's not a silver bullet that will change industry completely", "6bJusn7PO8u-00063-00024354-00024727": "It has different stages than it started.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00064-00024727-00024952": "It was the same with machine learning, it was the", "6bJusn7PO8u-00065-00024952-00025052": "same", "6bJusn7PO8u-00066-00025052-00025411": "with Internet - yeah so all started from the 'hi'.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00067-00025411-00025623": "Everyone wants to use technology", "6bJusn7PO8u-00068-00025623-00025723": "just because.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00069-00025723-00025926": "You have heard many-many stories about that.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00070-00025926-00026085": "My favorite company just", "6bJusn7PO8u-00071-00026085-00026506": "added blockchain into the name \"blah-blah-blah-blah blockchain\" and actually", "6bJusn7PO8u-00072-00026506-00026889": "the evaluation just doubled during the night here because everyone thinks they", "6bJusn7PO8u-00073-00026889-00027014": "start doing something.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00074-00027014-00027356": "Yeah, but it is just a name and it's some", "6bJusn7PO8u-00075-00027356-00027905": "stories which also behind the 'hi' and after that it's usually started", "6bJusn7PO8u-00076-00027905-00028475": "POC of proof of concept and it's okay if you try and it's not working for you", "6bJusn7PO8u-00077-00028475-00028797": "you shouldn't again try to push technology everywhere.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00078-00028797-00028897": "You should find the right", "6bJusn7PO8u-00079-00028897-00029364": "business problem and I will give you some example there, we’re thinking blockchain", "6bJusn7PO8u-00080-00029364-00029678": "could help you before going to the technology.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00081-00029678-00030066": "And it's really exciting stage, again, it's", "6bJusn7PO8u-00082-00030066-00030574": "more and more production cases yes so the real project which gives some value into", "6bJusn7PO8u-00083-00030574-00030914": "the business started to appear on the scene.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00084-00030914-00031049": "and somewhere in the future blockchain", "6bJusn7PO8u-00085-00031049-00031224": "would be just one of the technology.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00086-00031224-00031399": "Again, as cloud right now is one of the", "6bJusn7PO8u-00087-00031399-00031889": "technology, or, I don’t know, machine learning would be somewhere in the", "6bJusn7PO8u-00088-00031889-00032200": "future, and quantum computer would be the same.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00089-00032200-00032659": "And before we go deep into the cases I", "6bJusn7PO8u-00090-00032659-00033066": "want to give the really basic for everyone.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00091-00033066-00033166": "Probably some know,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00092-00033166-00033303": "And some don’t.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00093-00033303-00033674": "Blockchain has just distributed ledger technology", "6bJusn7PO8u-00094-00033674-00034143": "In simple terms you probably would think about it as the distributed database and it", "6bJusn7PO8u-00095-00034143-00034486": "has one really important thing inside.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00096-00034486-00034725": "It’s providing an immutability.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00097-00034725-00035005": "And again right now because we're not on early ages", "6bJusn7PO8u-00098-00035005-00035328": "anymore some of the parameters for some", "6bJusn7PO8u-00099-00035328-00035824": "of the properties could disappear from one platform to another and that's", "6bJusn7PO8u-00100-00035824-00036286": "actually another important thing which you should think the youth blockchain it's", "6bJusn7PO8u-00101-00036286-00036811": "not just one blockchain which everyone uses, it's different platforms.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00102-00036811-00036911": "It's the same", "6bJusn7PO8u-00103-00036911-00037749": "thing that you go to one shop and try to find right wine, it's red, white, rose, but", "6bJusn7PO8u-00104-00037749-00038115": "it’s such a big difference inside when you open the bottle.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00105-00038115-00038280": "The same with blockchains", "6bJusn7PO8u-00106-00038280-00038902": "And if you think about that again before you use one or another platform, you have to", "6bJusn7PO8u-00107-00038902-00039225": "think about pluses, minuses and other things.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00108-00039225-00039388": "Because for example CORDA right now is", "6bJusn7PO8u-00109-00039388-00039693": "quite popular in finance where blockchain originated.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00110-00039693-00039850": "And other platforms", "6bJusn7PO8u-00111-00039850-00040347": "could be popular in other cases, Hyperledger is used quite a lot of supply chain management", "6bJusn7PO8u-00112-00040347-00040550": "right now.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00113-00040550-00041138": "And here because I promise I don't want to talk just about theoretical things we", "6bJusn7PO8u-00114-00041138-00041625": "want to tell couple of stories, couple of examples, yes so not all of them would", "6bJusn7PO8u-00115-00041625-00042040": "be great, some of them could be ugly, but we try to", "6bJusn7PO8u-00116-00042040-00042499": "show you how and why we could use technology.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00117-00042499-00042599": "Definitely we will give you a", "6bJusn7PO8u-00118-00042599-00043124": "couple of good stories developers because if stories all would be bad probably we shouldn’t", "6bJusn7PO8u-00119-00043124-00043438": "use blockchain anymore.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00120-00043438-00043728": "First of all as I said blockchain is a", "6bJusn7PO8u-00121-00043728-00044246": "technology and you definitely could do selfies with MacBook no one could say you", "6bJusn7PO8u-00122-00044246-00044796": "couldn't yeah but it's not easy, you have to have that really nice thing for", "6bJusn7PO8u-00123-00044796-00045005": "selfie and other things.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00124-00045005-00045177": "And blockchain the same the same yes so", "6bJusn7PO8u-00125-00045177-00045602": "and in most cases when you think about I want to start using blockchain then probably", "6bJusn7PO8u-00126-00045602-00045702": "you", "6bJusn7PO8u-00127-00045702-00046028": "should stop and think \"Can I use just a database?\"", "6bJusn7PO8u-00128-00046028-00046182": "Because database in ninety", "6bJusn7PO8u-00129-00046182-00046456": "percent cases could solve your problem.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00130-00046456-00046750": "You should start think about using blockchain if", "6bJusn7PO8u-00131-00046750-00047205": "you have something on that slide, no, probably on another slide.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00132-00047205-00047363": "Yes, so for me", "6bJusn7PO8u-00133-00047363-00047691": "in most cases blockchain should be used if you", "6bJusn7PO8u-00134-00047691-00047901": "have all you want to have some", "6bJusn7PO8u-00135-00047901-00048113": "distributed acknowledgement mechanism", "6bJusn7PO8u-00136-00048113-00048675": "where you have counter parties believing each other, but not fully.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00137-00048675-00048819": "I could give you an example,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00138-00048819-00049158": "For example, if we talked about Lufthansa and", "6bJusn7PO8u-00139-00049158-00049680": "They use blockchain for one of their PSA’s, they actually think about parts of their", "6bJusn7PO8u-00140-00049680-00049780": "of aircrafts.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00141-00049780-00050159": "They could use central database with history of the parts of aircraft.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00142-00050159-00050718": "But in some bad cases probably information here could be changed.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00143-00050718-00051046": "No one says it would, it will be or it’s been done already.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00144-00051046-00051169": "But it could.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00145-00051169-00051526": "And they could use blockchain and provide for external people to", "6bJusn7PO8u-00146-00051526-00051790": "Guarantee will not happen.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00147-00051790-00051936": "Or you have some contracts and they've got", "6bJusn7PO8u-00148-00051936-00052324": "some information which you want to share it between contracts and you have all", "6bJusn7PO8u-00149-00052324-00052820": "the contracts on paper but again go through all the flow process and I can give you", "6bJusn7PO8u-00150-00052820-00053294": "example from insurance industry later it would be not easy.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00151-00053294-00053394": "Second thing that's", "6bJusn7PO8u-00152-00053394-00053762": "actually even you want to have unchangeable audit trail it’s quite simple", "6bJusn7PO8u-00153-00053762-00054120": "yes so it’s main thing that blockchain could provide you.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00154-00054120-00054275": "You could use some context for", "6bJusn7PO8u-00155-00054275-00054375": "automation.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00156-00054375-00054765": "You could use workflows for the automation as well yes so it's also a base", "6bJusn7PO8u-00157-00054765-00055328": "if your automation wants to be based on some unchangeable rules - probably a good idea.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00158-00055328-00055428": "And", "6bJusn7PO8u-00159-00055428-00056015": "Again, last but it's still here if you want to create a new cryptocurrency, e-money", "6bJusn7PO8u-00160-00056015-00056353": "or eternity facets, it is quite popular in finance right now.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00161-00056353-00056453": "For example", "6bJusn7PO8u-00162-00056453-00056950": "In Switzerland you could have your shareholder listed in blockchain, it’s fully legal", "6bJusn7PO8u-00163-00056950-00057406": "and you could use it for your shareholder voting and other stuff, and you could", "6bJusn7PO8u-00164-00057406-00057792": "use crypto currencies so your money and things around that.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00165-00057792-00058084": "And here we probably go to another case.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00166-00058084-00058319": "Kirill Thank you Denis for the introduction", "6bJusn7PO8u-00167-00058319-00058419": "Denis oh", "6bJusn7PO8u-00168-00058419-00058552": "Kirill you alright?", "6bJusn7PO8u-00169-00058552-00058829": "Denis That usually happens with me.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00170-00058829-00059287": "So everything is fine until it’s not.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00171-00059287-00060150": "I hate when it is put that way, and I have been questioning myself a lot.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00172-00060150-00060655": "Can we do something very simple, something as simple", "6bJusn7PO8u-00173-00060655-00061165": "as brush your teeth every single morning when we get very simple steps to", "6bJusn7PO8u-00174-00061165-00062066": "help for friends, to help your relatives, to people who realize that they need", "6bJusn7PO8u-00175-00062066-00062215": "help?", "6bJusn7PO8u-00176-00062215-00062821": "To other people who don't really know that they need help?", "6bJusn7PO8u-00177-00062821-00063179": "And this is", "6bJusn7PO8u-00178-00063179-00063687": "my mother’s lost records from her medical cards.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00179-00063687-00063926": "She passed away six years ago.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00180-00063926-00064059": "She's been", "6bJusn7PO8u-00181-00064059-00064995": "fighting with cancer for a long time, died in .", "6bJusn7PO8u-00182-00064995-00065828": "This is my father's daily routine taking medical measurements.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00183-00065828-00066097": "He passed away last November", "6bJusn7PO8u-00184-00066097-00066895": "after a massive stroke and these examples - they are", "6bJusn7PO8u-00185-00066895-00067098": "not exceptions.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00186-00067098-00067380": "It is frustrating how common to", "6bJusn7PO8u-00187-00067380-00068006": "see people die because they either don't know there is a treatment", "6bJusn7PO8u-00188-00068006-00068519": "or they don't realize that they have a problem, that they have to", "6bJusn7PO8u-00189-00068519-00068862": "be fixed,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00190-00068862-00069367": "that have to be immediately resolved in hospitals with", "6bJusn7PO8u-00191-00069367-00069636": "other institutions.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00192-00069636-00069906": "So this is just an", "6bJusn7PO8u-00193-00069906-00070694": "example that paper documents - it is a part of the problem that clinical data", "6bJusn7PO8u-00194-00070694-00071455": "health care data that we have the moment - they are isolated and even if they were not", "6bJusn7PO8u-00195-00071455-00071780": "isolated, we have another problem.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00196-00071780-00072224": "So let's think that we have solved it, and there is a giant network.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00197-00072224-00072657": "We cannot publish all EH records into this global blockchain.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00198-00072657-00072862": "We'll have to fix", "6bJusn7PO8u-00199-00072862-00073084": "we'll have to deanonymize data.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00200-00073084-00073653": "We'll have to go through some extreme linking and referencing.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00201-00073653-00073932": "But this is not the end.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00202-00073932-00074187": "So let's assume that two items have been", "6bJusn7PO8u-00203-00074187-00074410": "fixed.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00204-00074410-00075174": "There is also no global protocol that allows us as human beings as", "6bJusn7PO8u-00205-00075174-00075887": "current patients or future patients to effectively collaborate with each other.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00206-00075887-00076407": "I think this is a part of a bigger problem.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00207-00076407-00077073": "It's essential for us as human beings - and I believe in this - to help others.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00208-00077073-00077459": "It's a part of our life.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00209-00077459-00078049": "It's not like I wake up early morning asking \"do you need help?\"", "6bJusn7PO8u-00210-00078049-00078669": "but if there is a way how I can contribute,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00211-00078669-00079576": "seamlessly contribute and help others, I think this is something good.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00212-00079576-00079688": "The current system though is fragile.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00213-00079688-00080791": "For example let's talk about legal trials.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00214-00080791-00081488": "There is a very long process to bring a new drug into the market,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00215-00081488-00081728": "There is a recruitment process that you 'll have to go through,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00216-00081728-00082005": "you'll have to verify, there is a compliance, and", "6bJusn7PO8u-00217-00082005-00082285": "some other crazy things that you'll have to go through.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00218-00082285-00082385": "But on", "6bJusn7PO8u-00219-00082385-00082780": "patient's level what matters most is you must be aware there is a clinical trial", "6bJusn7PO8u-00220-00082780-00083454": "that you can contribute to EHR or you can find the treatments.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00221-00083454-00084435": "Other problem the system is fragile that when I went to HAS website.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00222-00084435-00085142": "And in the United States you legally have to publish all the data breaches", "6bJusn7PO8u-00223-00085142-00085694": "that happens in your medical tech and Hospital institution, so for the very", "6bJusn7PO8u-00224-00085694-00086297": "first two months this year almost a million individuals have been affected by data breaches", "6bJusn7PO8u-00225-00086297-00086397": "whether", "6bJusn7PO8u-00226-00086397-00086781": "it was just a human mistake, or a hacker, or something else.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00227-00086781-00086919": "And I think this is terribly wrong", "6bJusn7PO8u-00228-00086919-00087640": "Denis has already mentioned that with blockchain, this is a problem", "6bJusn7PO8u-00229-00087640-00087938": "we approach first of all when we say blockchain,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00230-00087938-00088283": "we are not just saying that it is a convenient technology (although it is).", "6bJusn7PO8u-00231-00088283-00088525": "We see that we have to think through", "6bJusn7PO8u-00232-00088525-00088961": "problems, we have to identity a use case - first of all.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00233-00088961-00089061": "And this is a game", "6bJusn7PO8u-00234-00089061-00089161": "changer for me.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00235-00089161-00089441": "Now we're not talking just \"let's take down, let's dump that", "6bJusn7PO8u-00236-00089441-00089541": "technology.\"", "6bJusn7PO8u-00237-00089541-00089793": "Let's think something else and create a solution.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00238-00089793-00090131": "We take a step back first of all.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00239-00090131-00090282": "We see that there is a problem,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00240-00090282-00090729": "there are some stakeholders that completely agree and align that", "6bJusn7PO8u-00241-00090729-00091113": "there is a bigger picture that needs to be fixed.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00242-00091113-00091350": "And after this - if it's blockchain, excellent!", "6bJusn7PO8u-00243-00091350-00091524": "We can do this.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00244-00091524-00091624": "If it is", "6bJusn7PO8u-00245-00091624-00092086": "not blockchain (again, this is a problem we first approach) let's identify", "6bJusn7PO8u-00246-00092086-00092328": "what's what is the issue and easily,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00247-00092328-00092670": "in small steps, fix it.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00248-00092670-00093606": "So, in clinical trials, there's a really good use case that say if there was a", "6bJusn7PO8u-00249-00093606-00093913": "hospital and there is a patient.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00250-00093913-00094329": "Hospital holds clinical trials with", "6bJusn7PO8u-00251-00094329-00094700": "certain inclusion and exclusion criteria.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00252-00094700-00095465": "And there is a patient who has a medical condition and we'll have to contribute", "6bJusn7PO8u-00253-00095465-00095770": "maybe there is a treatment.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00254-00095770-00095870": "But in the same time", "6bJusn7PO8u-00255-00095870-00096707": "the question is, well, a patient may not know about this clinical trial.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00256-00096707-00096948": "There are no easy ways.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00257-00096948-00097223": "I remember just a couple months ago I saw in", "6bJusn7PO8u-00258-00097223-00097716": "the New York subway it was an advertisement \"Are you cocaine addicted?", "6bJusn7PO8u-00259-00097716-00097925": "We are running a clinical trial - call us!\"", "6bJusn7PO8u-00260-00097925-00098329": "This is a highly inefficient process to do recruitment.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00261-00098329-00099041": "Another problem well - Alice, a patient, may not trust this hospital.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00262-00099041-00099168": "This is a very sensitive data.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00263-00099168-00099404": "This is my data, my medical data.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00264-00099404-00099862": "I do not want to disclose it to just some", "6bJusn7PO8u-00265-00099862-00100235": "random guys.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00266-00100235-00100571": "Typically the way it is solved - it is through a third party.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00267-00100571-00100671": "It is a", "6bJusn7PO8u-00268-00100671-00100771": "middleman.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00269-00100771-00101637": "You're take an escrow, those escrows are highly compliant, it has a very strict", "6bJusn7PO8u-00270-00101637-00101982": "finance and security regulations built on top of all this.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00271-00101982-00102179": "A patient contributes", "6bJusn7PO8u-00272-00102179-00103032": "his or her personal data, sorry, EHR data to that bank, to that database.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00273-00103032-00103561": "And then medical provider pools the data and does some manipulations.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00274-00103561-00103773": "It works great.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00275-00103773-00104175": "We use banks every single day, but there are some down", "6bJusn7PO8u-00276-00104175-00104385": "limitations.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00277-00104385-00104705": "When we talk about intermediaries, when we talk about middlemen", "6bJusn7PO8u-00278-00104705-00104980": "there are two foundational problems.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00279-00104980-00105239": "One, they solve things down a lot.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00280-00105239-00105780": "I took my wife three weeks ago into an emergency room.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00281-00105780-00106154": "Nothing serious, but still, we went into emergency room.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00282-00106154-00106578": "I'm still waiting for my insurance", "6bJusn7PO8u-00283-00106578-00107059": "company to send me a letter, an electronic letter telling", "6bJusn7PO8u-00284-00107059-00107549": "me what part of that visit is going to be covered.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00285-00107549-00107790": "That's ridiculous!", "6bJusn7PO8u-00286-00107790-00108685": "The second problem is middleman undermine privacy.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00287-00108685-00109204": "My favorite example is Equifax hack that happened two years ago.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00288-00109204-00109705": "Almost half of the United States population have been affected by this", "6bJusn7PO8u-00289-00109705-00110023": "including Social Security numbers, of course.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00290-00110023-00110772": "So, what if there was a algorithm, a solution?", "6bJusn7PO8u-00291-00110772-00111204": "How these two parties can collaborate,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00292-00111204-00112025": "interactively and answer certain questions having data in transfer", "6bJusn7PO8u-00293-00112025-00112242": "protected securely?", "6bJusn7PO8u-00294-00112242-00113002": "So, this is a zero knowledge algorithm and what it does it creates a formal proof.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00295-00113002-00113677": "It creates... well, first of a hospital sends a request to a patient asking for their very", "6bJusn7PO8u-00296-00113677-00114184": "limited set of data, like, \"I am looking for your heart beat rate for", "6bJusn7PO8u-00297-00114184-00114398": "the last month\".", "6bJusn7PO8u-00298-00114398-00115048": "And then what a patient does, it creates a proof.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00299-00115048-00115153": "And what is", "6bJusn7PO8u-00300-00115153-00115886": "a proof - this is a mathematician construction.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00301-00115886-00115986": "It", "6bJusn7PO8u-00302-00115986-00116530": "threads all the data, each hard data, and this is a one-way transformation but", "6bJusn7PO8u-00303-00116530-00116998": "this is a mathematically improvement transformation so when it comes back to", "6bJusn7PO8u-00304-00116998-00117491": "the hospital, hospital can verify that this patient", "6bJusn7PO8u-00305-00117491-00118033": "matches inclusion & exclusion criteria based on that EH data that patient", "6bJusn7PO8u-00306-00118033-00118133": "provides.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00307-00118133-00118577": "But at the same time - and this is the key, each hard data is never to", "6bJusn7PO8u-00308-00118577-00118739": "be exposed.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00309-00118739-00119080": "So if you think about it the data transfer, there are three pieces.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00310-00119080-00119180": "There is", "6bJusn7PO8u-00311-00119180-00119649": "a source, there is a destination and there is data in between.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00312-00119649-00120169": "With zero knowledge algorithms you can fix two items out of three,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00313-00120169-00120827": "a hospital will never have EHR data in plain text, in encrypted form.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00314-00120827-00121529": "You will never transfer EHR data using HDS protocol - or whatever.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00315-00121529-00121824": "Again, this is a transformation.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00316-00121824-00122213": "So ultimately it will be patient who owns data,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00317-00122213-00122976": "who keeps the data and has full control around it", "6bJusn7PO8u-00318-00122976-00123076": "Just a quick summary -", "6bJusn7PO8u-00319-00123076-00123567": "I know I have been doing lots of crazy hand- waving things,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00320-00123567-00123976": "if you remember just one thing from that presentation ‚Äì", "6bJusn7PO8u-00321-00123976-00124276": "zero knowledge algorithms is a proven technology.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00322-00124276-00124428": "Zero knowledge algorithms", "6bJusn7PO8u-00323-00124428-00124964": "work amazingly well with blockchain and zero knowledge algorithms", "6bJusn7PO8u-00324-00124964-00125866": "allows you to create statement 'yes/no statement' - to solve a variety, a big cluster", "6bJusn7PO8u-00325-00125866-00126129": "of problems.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00326-00126129-00126392": "Thank you.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00327-00126392-00126677": "Yes, and also if you return to", "6bJusn7PO8u-00328-00126677-00127123": "to more classical, let's say, difficulty with blockchain", "6bJusn7PO8u-00329-00127123-00127836": "The most cases in what we done for our clients (it shouldn't be surprising from finance space)", "6bJusn7PO8u-00330-00127836-00127936": "because", "6bJusn7PO8u-00331-00127936-00128177": "blockchain originated from here.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00332-00128177-00128561": "I also want to give you a couple of examples", "6bJusn7PO8u-00333-00128561-00128965": "first of all for example blockchain's really good in shareholder voting - or any", "6bJusn7PO8u-00334-00128965-00129168": "other voting processes.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00335-00129168-00129507": "Because you could guarantee how words go in which", "6bJusn7PO8u-00336-00129507-00129880": "spot and it would be fully transparent for everyone, yeah.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00337-00129880-00130389": "Actually we've done the project for some of our clients and it uses quite a success.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00338-00130389-00130936": "Another big part of the industry in blockchain right now", "6bJusn7PO8u-00339-00130936-00131133": "most likely will be use the next couple", "6bJusn7PO8u-00340-00131133-00131724": "of years and already used - it's factually different insurance collaborations.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00341-00131724-00131824": "For one of our", "6bJusn7PO8u-00342-00131824-00132474": "clients company - we have them because with insurance collaboration platform.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00343-00132474-00132988": "The main idea it's actually outside of that - in the first picture", "6bJusn7PO8u-00344-00132988-00133304": "you can see how the process looks right now.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00345-00133304-00133492": "It's so many participants.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00346-00133492-00133929": "So many different involvements and actually information", "6bJusn7PO8u-00347-00133929-00134199": "sharing between all them.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00348-00134199-00134365": "The teeny teams in the middle it's", "6bJusn7PO8u-00349-00134365-00134874": "actually emails with excels yes so you could guess how inefficient that process could", "6bJusn7PO8u-00350-00134874-00135433": "be if you send email with EXCEL with most of your information each month, which message", "6bJusn7PO8u-00351-00135433-00135988": "highly deliberate and not so easy to read sometimes.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00352-00135988-00136235": "What blockchain could have here", "6bJusn7PO8u-00353-00136235-00136452": "let's use it as a source of truth, central", "6bJusn7PO8u-00354-00136452-00136913": "source of truth, that everyone actually applies that information about", "6bJusn7PO8u-00355-00136913-00137249": "monthly movements, about claims about other things, and based on the game", "6bJusn7PO8u-00356-00137249-00137613": "other things and based on the again pre-agreed formulas its provider", "6bJusn7PO8u-00357-00137613-00138088": "pre-agreed formulas it's providing calculations for claims or for other payments, most", "6bJusn7PO8u-00358-00138088-00138610": "immediately, and you have full audit trail you could easily use blockchain right", "6bJusn7PO8u-00359-00138610-00139015": "now also because it's on cloud.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00360-00139015-00139358": "You should not go to and try to create", "6bJusn7PO8u-00361-00139358-00139528": "network by yourself.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00362-00139528-00139709": "It's the same as machine learning,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00363-00139709-00140091": "you could go and spin off your blockchain Network mostly", "6bJusn7PO8u-00364-00140091-00140903": "minutes in any major clouds - amazon provides that, measure provides that and other major", "6bJusn7PO8u-00365-00140903-00141003": "providers", "6bJusn7PO8u-00366-00141003-00141130": "give you this ability to do that.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00367-00141130-00141482": "so experiments and tries it's easy to do", "6bJusn7PO8u-00368-00141482-00142093": "right now and here it is again -it sounds obvious but start from the business", "6bJusn7PO8u-00369-00142093-00142619": "problem try to find the business case, and after that try to find the technology", "6bJusn7PO8u-00370-00142619-00142998": "And as soon as you think blockchain could be good for you,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00371-00142998-00143306": "do not try to create a problem from the scratch", "6bJusn7PO8u-00372-00143306-00143820": "or immediately do a big one because blockchain is still research and development.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00373-00143820-00144085": "It's the same actually as other technology - new", "6bJusn7PO8u-00374-00144085-00144185": "technology.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00375-00144185-00144576": "You should try and show it will work in your environment, because", "6bJusn7PO8u-00376-00144576-00145042": "it is not just about technology, it's also about communities, how you", "6bJusn7PO8u-00377-00145042-00145512": "will manage community if you have no community or you not so many", "6bJusn7PO8u-00378-00145512-00146161": "participants it's actually useless because you shouldn't have distributed in", "6bJusn7PO8u-00379-00146161-00146261": "one.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00380-00146261-00146438": "You could reuse your old ecosystem,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00381-00146438-00147020": "do not try to eat an elephant immediately, eat it by pieces,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00382-00147020-00147533": "so you should try to use your ecosystem as much as you can.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00383-00147533-00147823": "if you are already using a cloud you could easily reuse it", "6bJusn7PO8u-00384-00147823-00148232": "because you could use the same cloud and blockchain.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00385-00148232-00148710": "Some advertisement ¬†--- call us, we've done so many projects, we know about that", "6bJusn7PO8u-00386-00148710-00149058": "probably not only us, but other consultants also.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00387-00149058-00149370": "It's not so easy to start by yourself.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00388-00149370-00149737": "All IT-guys would be excited to work with blockchain - most of them.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00389-00149737-00149934": "But probably don’t start", "6bJusn7PO8u-00390-00149934-00150126": "from the scratch sometimes.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00391-00150126-00150982": "Before we close it's also really good comics about that.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00392-00150982-00151222": "You could use blockchain, you could use machine learning,", "6bJusn7PO8u-00393-00151222-00151433": "you could take any other technology", "6bJusn7PO8u-00394-00151433-00151653": "but you shouldn't start on one of them.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00395-00151653-00151879": "All of them provide you different", "6bJusn7PO8u-00396-00151879-00152213": "possibilities and different pluses and minuses.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00397-00152213-00152466": "Experiment, try to find something new", "6bJusn7PO8u-00398-00152466-00152958": "and it's definitely will increase your business efficiency or revenue", "6bJusn7PO8u-00399-00152958-00153202": "or other things.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00400-00153202-00153302": "That's actually it.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00401-00153302-00153501": "Thank you so much to be here, to be with us.", "6bJusn7PO8u-00402-00153501-00153601": "Any questions?", "6bJusn7PO8u-00403-00153601-00154595": "there's a lot about live news about watching in the food industry and", "6bJusn7PO8u-00404-00154595-00155273": "traceability what are your thoughts on these cases there you see many spaces", "6bJusn7PO8u-00405-00155273-00155908": "for watching yeah not in real food industry here but for example for", "6bJusn7PO8u-00406-00155908-00156549": "violence producers the catapult companies issue of this year so they", "6bJusn7PO8u-00407-00156549-00157203": "provide information about if you falsify that you move it from one place to", "6bJusn7PO8u-00408-00157203-00157689": "another you can't guarantee Church and other things during the way yes you", "6bJusn7PO8u-00409-00157689-00158196": "could combine X with love change energy devices and say all information about", "6bJusn7PO8u-00410-00158196-00158771": "from the way us with our interior and our customers power to award yeah also", "6bJusn7PO8u-00411-00158771-00159313": "again of the food industry but it's a supply chain yes so you could do some", "6bJusn7PO8u-00412-00159313-00161099": "traction for the dry sort of stuff yes I think could be the same cases", "6bJusn7PO8u-00413-00161099-00161719": "it's not again market leaders it's probably community leaders yes as I say", "6bJusn7PO8u-00414-00161719-00162491": "for example corner done amazing work NIT in finance and truancy whispers yeah so", "6bJusn7PO8u-00415-00162491-00164345": "actually they go up and t hey  community", "6bJusn7PO8u-00416-00164345-00164736": "companies that you guys work with that start to use blockchain technologies", "6bJusn7PO8u-00417-00164736-00166779": "with what is staffing look like what's the support services for watching yes it", "6bJusn7PO8u-00418-00166779-00167287": "does started supporting from mostly the same", "6bJusn7PO8u-00419-00167287-00167957": "skills which from the development perspective again with different work", "6bJusn7PO8u-00420-00167957-00168461": "chains and it's different languages around so some of your IT guys captain", "6bJusn7PO8u-00421-00168461-00169411": "of hopefully other teams but it's usually like more advanced languages", "6bJusn7PO8u-00422-00169411-00169844": "for example in theory Iraqi government this is one of the blocking", "6bJusn7PO8u-00423-00169844-00170500": "implementation it wants its own language called solidity and some people say this", "6bJusn7PO8u-00424-00170500-00171106": "only did the reminds to JavaScript but practically speaking when you create a", "6bJusn7PO8u-00425-00171106-00171754": "Java the judgment developer to create solidity obligations is first of all in", "6bJusn7PO8u-00426-00171754-00171936": "earth so there are some there are some there", "6bJusn7PO8u-00427-00171936-00172498": "is definitely somehow more than that you will have to pass through it is it is", "6bJusn7PO8u-00428-00172498-00172900": "not rocket science it is not terribly good languages they have a very high", "6bJusn7PO8u-00429-00172900-00173623": "level of abstraction so as long as you are confident with modern geologists", "6bJusn7PO8u-00430-00173623-00174298": "Java calling and I anticipate adult math it is going to be it is certainly going", "6bJusn7PO8u-00431-00174298-00174912": "to be sort of mind it was with large you essentially talking about these baby", "6bJusn7PO8u-00432-00174912-00181526": "complications -", "6bJusn7PO8u-00433-00181526-00182617": "it was", "6bJusn7PO8u-00434-00182617-00183716": "they", "6bJusn7PO8u-00435-00183716-00185051": "also  started with great artists as", "6bJusn7PO8u-00436-00185051-00185459": "digital motion becomes was when", "6bJusn7PO8u-00437-00185459-00186011": "you stand here when I sent me a single mice and get over it is important that", "6bJusn7PO8u-00438-00186011-00186678": "has stood on this daughter the d world is over in banks we use we use them", "6bJusn7PO8u-00439-00186678-00187187": "every single day great car payments ethical self-it’s a crime and in the", "6bJusn7PO8u-00440-00187187-00187762": "reality there's a massive resistance if you try to replace something that works", "6bJusn7PO8u-00441-00187762-00188673": "things they are for a reason so if there are no good business driver", "6bJusn7PO8u-00442-00188673-00188972": "just bring me back she told you to stop sucking something existent", "6bJusn7PO8u-00443-00188972-00189689": "okay thank you everyone and if you", "6bJusn7PO8u-00444-00189689-00191092": "okay so that will actually move on to the next presentation"}}, {"audio_id": "6bN2mBKcfbY", "text": {"6bN2mBKcfbY-00000-00000735-00001149": "Christy Coghlan: Good afternoon from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's National Conservation", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00001-00001149-00001648": "Training Center in Shepherdstown, West Virginia. My name is Christy Coghlan, and I'd like to", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00002-00001648-00002384": "welcome you to today's broadcast of the NCCWSC Climate Change Science and Management Webinar", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00003-00002384-00002967": "Series. This series is held in partnership with the U.S. Geological Survey's National", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00004-00002967-00003614": "Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center. Today's webinar will focus on \"Can camouflage", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00005-00003614-00004151": "keep up with climate change? White hares on brown snowless backgrounds as a model to study", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00006-00004151-00004682": "adaptation to climate stress\". Our speaker today is Dr. L. Scott Mills.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00007-00004682-00005447": "Everybody, please join me in welcoming Shawn Carter, Senior Scientist at the USGS National", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00008-00005447-00005772": "Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center in Reston, Virginia.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00009-00005772-00006267": "Shawn, would you please introduce our speaker? Shawn Carter: Sure, happy to Christy, thank", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00010-00006267-00006893": "you. Thank you everyone for joining us today. Today, Scott Mills is going to be joining", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00011-00006893-00007319": "us and giving a presentation. He recently is, I think he's still in the process, actually,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00012-00007319-00007852": "of transitioning to a new faculty position in Fisheries Wildlife and Conservation Biology", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00013-00007852-00008678": "at NC State. Prior to that, Scott was a professor or Wildlife Biology at the University of Montana,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00014-00008678-00009046": "where his interests were in the area of Applied Population Ecology.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00015-00009046-00009729": "At this new job, he's going to be addressing questions on global environmental change,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00016-00009729-00010239": "working with the NC State faculty and also our USGS Southeast Climate Science Center", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00017-00010239-00010935": "and the North Carolina Museum of Sciences. He's also going to continue studying hares", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00018-00010935-00011618": "and color coat change and also expanding work to consider snowshoe hares across North America", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00019-00011618-00011943": "and look at other color coat changing species around the world.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00020-00011943-00012499": "He's also hoping to embark on new projects relevant to global environmental change in", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00021-00012499-00013106": "the Southeast. But, he's not quite sure what the focal species might be, ranging from salamanders,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00022-00013106-00013524": "alligators, flying squirrels, or maybe something completely different.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00023-00013524-00014076": "A broad portfolio, some interesting work. Today, we're going to hear about his work", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00024-00014076-00014731": "where he was at Montana. With that, I'll turn it over to today's presenter, Scott Mills.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00025-00014731-00015686": "Scott Mills: Great, thank you Shawn. Thanks to everybody out there. I will say I'm a newbie.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00026-00015686-00016490": "This is my first time doing a webinar. I'm used to faces out there so that I can glare", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00027-00016490-00016951": "at them if anybody falls asleep but I have been told I have a little attention meter", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00028-00016951-00017450": "here. It's an exclamation point. I'm told that I can keep track of whether anybody is", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00029-00017450-00018166": "dozing off out there in the ether. Anyway, it's great to be here. The movers are carrying", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00030-00018166-00018722": "my stuff out of my lab and office and house as we speak so it's good to get a little break", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00031-00018722-00019798": "from the moving to give this presentation. I would like to begin by stepping back a bit", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00032-00019798-00020845": "and just talking a little bit about the genesis that brought me to this place. I have [pause].", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00033-00020845-00021868": "There we go. I've been studying snowshoe hares pretty much continuously since 1998. The studies", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00034-00021868-00022429": "all along have been focused on addressing population dynamics of the snowshoe hare and", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00035-00022429-00022976": "particularly addressing the role that predation has on individual and population level dynamics.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00036-00022976-00023634": "This particular slide shows the radio collar and the remains of a snowshoe hare. It doesn't", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00037-00023634-00024100": "take long to realize that when you are in this business of studying hare population", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00038-00024100-00024540": "dynamics, you're really in the business of studying how many different ways hares can", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00039-00024540-00025350": "die, and also, getting an appreciation for the role that predation has in shaping population", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00040-00025350-00025802": "dynamics and individual behavior. I won't go into a lot of detail. Just to point", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00041-00025802-00026361": "to a couple of the big, broad brush places where we and others have thought about the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00042-00026361-00026712": "role of predation in shaping hare population dynamics and behavior.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00043-00026712-00027329": "Of course, we're all familiar with the classic 10 year cycles of hares and lynx. But some", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00044-00027329-00028339": "work that we did about 10 years or so ago, we explored the role that heterogeneity across", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00045-00028339-00028970": "the forested landscape creates differences in predation rates in closed and open forests", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00046-00028970-00029385": "and in so doing, actually is strong enough to dampen the population dynamics.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00047-00029385-00029977": "In this case, there's a population level effect where predation across a heterogeneous landscape", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00048-00029977-00030588": "is sufficient to take away the cycles that are so classic in the north.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00049-00030588-00031207": "Just jumping to an example of an individual way that individual behavior is shaped by", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00050-00031207-00032208": "predation, we looked at hares at times of full moons which are shown by the white dots", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00051-00032208-00032800": "here and at times of non-full moons when there was snow on the ground and when there was", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00052-00032800-00033138": "no snow on the ground. The big thing that jumps out here is that", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00053-00033138-00033638": "when there's snow on the ground and the moon is full, so the hares are illuminated on the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00054-00033638-00034166": "bright, white background, they seem to behave as if they're perceiving predation risk. They", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00055-00034166-00034558": "move a lot less. They hunker down a lot more at those times.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00056-00034558-00035129": "Alas, it doesn't do them any good. They still die more, even when doing that. Here, you", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00057-00035129-00035708": "can see that when there's snow on the ground and the moon is full is the time when hares", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00058-00035708-00036138": "die the most. All of these things have been bouncing around", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00059-00036138-00036841": "in my mind as I thought about population and individual level manifestations, or implications,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00060-00036841-00037649": "of predation. With that in mind, I became struck, over time, thinking about this, which", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00061-00037649-00038518": "is that at the heart of a snowshoe hare's life history strategies, its camouflage is", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00062-00038518-00039044": "really its best defense from predation. They are remarkably well camouflaged, and", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00063-00039044-00039593": "they are a species that actually changes its camouflage in order to track changing weather", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00064-00039593-00040419": "conditions. Hares, in the fall, they change from brown, they start gaining white. By late", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00065-00040419-00040860": "fall, early winter, they're completely white. Then, when the days begin to get longer again,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00066-00040860-00041779": "in the spring, they have another color moult back to being brown again.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00067-00041779-00042248": "Thinking about predation as a shaping force for hares, and thinking about how the hare's", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00068-00042248-00042784": "coat color is critical to its camouflage, and thinking about how the coat color changes", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00069-00042784-00043419": "seasonally, all began to really strike me as I started seeing this more and more out", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00070-00043419-00043634": "in the forest, as we were doing our field work.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00071-00043634-00044100": "This is what I call a light bulb, hopping around in a brown forest. It's one of our", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00072-00044100-00044565": "radio collar hares. I should say that all the pictures in the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00073-00044565-00045196": "slide show today are from our research photos. None of them are re touched, or none of them", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00074-00045196-00045818": "involve moving hares around. There was somebody that asked me, one time, \"I don't believe", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00075-00045818-00046278": "that is actually a hare in its natural habitat. I think you got that hare and took it somewhere", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00076-00046278-00046833": "and placed it there.\" None of these hares have been moved, or touched,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00077-00046833-00047221": "or anything. Anyway, seeing these white hares more and", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00078-00047221-00048046": "more over time was striking. It was especially striking as I reflected on the fact that the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00079-00048046-00048667": "single biggest signal of climate change in temperate regions around the world is a reduction", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00080-00048667-00049330": "in number of days with snow on the ground. Here, we're looking at this for the Northwest.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00081-00049330-00049848": "The red means that the snow water equivalent has increased over the half century. The blue", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00082-00049848-00050258": "means it's decreased. Obviously, very few blue dots out there and lots of red dots,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00083-00050258-00050779": "some of which are quite large, showing a reduction in snow water equivalent.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00084-00050779-00051212": "Here we're looking at it in a slightly different way, for a slightly different geographic region.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00085-00051212-00051978": "This pattern is shown, really, around the world, Europe, Asia, northeastern North America,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00086-00051978-00052627": "that the snowpack is staying for a shorter period of time in temperate regions. This", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00087-00052627-00053391": "is largely driven by increased rain on snow events in the fall, and especially in the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00088-00053391-00053566": "spring. Seeing these light bulbs hopping around the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00089-00053566-00054239": "forest increasingly, these hares and realizing that the snowpack was getting shorter, it", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00090-00054239-00054756": "obviously got me wondering what would be the implication of that. The implications of a", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00091-00054756-00055174": "light bulb hopping around in the forest. What comes to mind is probably this. This", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00092-00055174-00055713": "is actually a picture that was sent to me by a colleague in Colorado, Jake Ivans, who", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00093-00055713-00056307": "is studying hares down there. This is sort of the intuition that comes to mind when you", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00094-00056307-00056929": "see that white hare. You figure, \"This must be what's happening to hares.\" Of course,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00095-00056929-00057376": "there are other options. Really, the question has become, over the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00096-00057376-00057939": "last few years with our research group, to what extent are hares becoming increasingly", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00097-00057939-00058452": "mismatched, and what are the implications of that mismatch in terms of changing vital", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00098-00058452-00058941": "rates, birth and death rates, survival rates, in particular, and then what might the implications", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00099-00058941-00059658": "of that be for the future, for hares. We actually know quite a lot about how wild", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00100-00059658-00060224": "animals will respond to global stressors: climate change, or, really, any other human", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00101-00060224-00061166": "caused stressor. That can be captured in this graphic for climate change. In the case of", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00102-00061166-00061783": "climate change, the stressor that's an anthropogenically driven stressor, is changes in the physical", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00103-00061783-00062804": "environment. That affects plants and the physical environment. That in turn leads to animals", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00104-00062804-00063301": "having, really, three options. It all boils down to these three options.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00105-00063301-00064072": "These are: animals successfully move to stay within a physical environment envelope that's", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00106-00064072-00064789": "appropriate to them, or, they locally adapt without moving. These can be happening together.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00107-00064789-00065307": "If they're not able to do these two things, then the species will be expected to decline.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00108-00065307-00066057": "Of course, how these things play out is going to ultimately change the ecosystem structure.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00109-00066057-00067043": "I'm sure in this audience I don't need to focus very much on moving as a strategy. There's", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00110-00067043-00067702": "ample evidence for animals changing geographic range and changing movement patterns. This", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00111-00067702-00068501": "has been widely described across a wide range of species. I believe that we spend a lot", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00112-00068501-00069110": "less time considering the scope and potential of the second option, that is the possibility", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00113-00069110-00069613": "to successfully adapt, in place, to climate change stressors without necessarily moving", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00114-00069613-00070230": "and without necessarily declining or dying. One of the ways that plants and animals have", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00115-00070230-00070806": "been shown to adapt in place to climate change is through changes in the timing of their", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00116-00070806-00071417": "life history events, phenologic changes. Often times, phenologic changes that are described,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00117-00071417-00072019": "such as hibernation emergence or changes in migration, are pretty complicated, multi trophic", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00118-00072019-00072874": "level phenologic changes. An animal's migration time becomes disconnected from the optimal", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00119-00072874-00073423": "phenologic time of their food source and that creates mismatch.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00120-00073423-00073883": "The challenge with those kinds of examples is that number one, they go across multiple", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00121-00073883-00074460": "trophic levels. Number two, it's hard to attribute them necessarily to climate change, because", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00122-00074460-00074939": "other things are going on, in many cases land use changes, that can change migration times", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00123-00074939-00075475": "or food emergence. Here, in this case, with this case we're talking", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00124-00075475-00076362": "about today, it's a very straight forward example, in a sense that either it's a climate", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00125-00076362-00077164": "change driven effect that manifests itself either as a presence or absence of snow. We", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00126-00077164-00077661": "feel like it's a very nice model system to ask this question of: what is the potential", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00127-00077661-00078623": "for animals that have a very strong, fitness related, trait that's affected by this climate", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00128-00078623-00079225": "related driver, what's the potential for these animals to locally adapt to a decrease in", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00129-00079225-00079444": "snowpack? As I talk more through the talk, what I mean", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00130-00079444-00079963": "by, when I talk about \"adapt\", I'm using it in a bit of a broad sense to say, either dealing", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00131-00079963-00080605": "with it locally through plasticity and the coat color change, changing the timing or", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00132-00080605-00081581": "the rate of the coat color change, or plasticity in behavior, or actually evolving changes", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00133-00081581-00082183": "that lead to adaptation through natural selection. I'll touch on each of these.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00134-00082183-00082654": "Of course, snowshoe hares are not the only players. This is not necessarily a snowshoe", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00135-00082654-00083238": "hare story strictly. Many of us are familiar that Arctic fox undergoes seasonal coat color", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00136-00083238-00083900": "changes. Several species of weasels undergo seasonal coat color changes. Lemmings go from", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00137-00083900-00084419": "brown to white. One or two species of hamsters go from brown to white.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00138-00084419-00084986": "We can map them out and see that a large part of the world is covered by these seasonal", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00139-00084986-00085836": "coat coloring species. The genus that has the most coverage of seasonal coat color change", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00140-00085836-00086730": "is Lepus. Snowshoe hare here. This is mountain hare, Lepus timidus in Europe and Asia, and", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00141-00086730-00087152": "the arctic hare, and also, white tailed jack rabbit.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00142-00087152-00087766": "Lots of species undergo seasonal coat coloring change. What do we know about the drivers", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00143-00087766-00088436": "of it? The best we know, from studies of other circannual processes, in some studies of coat", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00144-00088436-00088869": "color change is that it's triggered by day length. This is important because it means", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00145-00088869-00089362": "that it's not like a chameleon, animals aren't changing from brown to white whether or not", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00146-00089362-00089774": "there's snow on the ground. They're changing based on a shortening of day length or lengthening", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00147-00089774-00090136": "day length. Essentially, it's a process of hormones being", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00148-00090136-00090805": "triggered by photo periods. Here's a schematic developed for weasels. We see that as brown", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00149-00090805-00091543": "animals in the summer confront decreased day length, shorter days, then that initiates", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00150-00091543-00092231": "the hormonal cascade that ultimately leads to the production of white fur. In the spring,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00151-00092231-00092813": "as the days get longer, again, a hormonal cascade that leads to, again, production of", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00152-00092813-00093591": "a brown coat. We have this species confronting reduced snowpacks", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00153-00093591-00094486": "with a presumed mechanism of triggering of the coat color change daily.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00154-00094486-00095100": "The way we've attacked this question over the last few years is to radio a bunch of", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00155-00095100-00095887": "snowshoe hares, intensively follow them every week, go out, as best we can and get pictures", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00156-00095887-00096354": "of every single hare so we can quantify the phenology, get pictures and observations of", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00157-00096354-00096850": "the ground around the hare so we could quantify the presence throughout the snow and quantify", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00158-00096850-00097316": "a contrast or mismatch. We've done this at two different study areas,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00159-00097316-00097849": "one near Seeley Lake, Montana, western Montana, and one near Yellowstone, just outside of", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00160-00097849-00098432": "Yellowstone Park, at quite a bit higher elevation. I should note now that much of what I'll be", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00161-00098432-00098842": "talking about today has been done with my master's student, Marketa Zimova. We also", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00162-00098842-00099460": "had an amazing bunch of undergraduates. If anybody's interested in the more gossipy side", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00163-00099460-00100044": "of this research project, you can go to our blog, our \"snowshoe hare chronicle blog\",", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00164-00100044-00101022": "which the students run. It's entertaining. Also, there's publications and stuff on there", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00165-00101022-00101424": "too. The first publication on this work came out", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00166-00101424-00102505": "a couple of months ago. What I'll talk about in the next few slides came from this paper.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00167-00102505-00103150": "This picture tells a lot of the story. Let me walk you through this. What this basically", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00168-00103150-00103878": "describes is the phenology of the coat color change here and the snowpack here. I'll start", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00169-00103878-00104584": "with here. This just shows that we go across the year, from fall to late fall. The right", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00170-00104584-00105177": "side panels are the spring, and the late spring. Looking first at the middle panels, you can", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00171-00105177-00105608": "see, we've got three different years going on here,. Each year is a different color.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00172-00105608-00106319": "For example, here in 2009, big drop of snow. The snow melted. The snow came again. Melted,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00173-00106319-00106747": "and then eventually, by late November, early December, it was constant.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00174-00106747-00107476": "Different years, different amounts of snowpack, and that was shown across years, or even more", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00175-00107476-00108350": "so in the spring. We can see that the spring of 2011 was a very big snowpack. Snow stayed", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00176-00108350-00108741": "around a lot longer. The bottom panels are temperature measures,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00177-00108741-00109148": "which show also that the temperatures differed across with year. We kept track of temperature", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00178-00109148-00109548": "because we were trying to explore that as a covariant for the coat color phenology.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00179-00109548-00110309": "Here's the bunny story. Here's the hare story. Up here for the three different years, the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00180-00110309-00110898": "vertical lines show the initiation dates or the completion dates of the color molt. The", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00181-00110898-00111516": "brown hares began to change to white, they initiated the molt right around the second", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00182-00111516-00111989": "week of October. You can see the confidence intervals overlap, which tells us that there's", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00183-00111989-00112591": "no plasticity in the initiation of the coat color change. Across all three years, the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00184-00112591-00113355": "initiation was on about the same date. Also, in the fall, the rate of coat color", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00185-00113355-00113800": "change across the different years didn't change. We can see that by, again, overlapping confidence", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00186-00113800-00114403": "intervals. That tells us that the rate of change from brown to white was constant across", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00187-00114403-00114853": "all three years. In the spring, we again see overlapping confidence", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00188-00114853-00115535": "intervals for the initiation date. It's early April. But there is some plasticity in the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00189-00115535-00115930": "rate of change. There's no plasticity in initiation but some plasticity in the rate of change.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00190-00115930-00116534": "You can see, especially here, that in that 2011 big snow year, the hares were able to", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00191-00116534-00117344": "put on the brakes somewhat and slow down the rate of change once it's initiated.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00192-00117344-00118252": "To get more support for that, just coming at it from another angle, the ideal way to", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00193-00118252-00118711": "look at plasticity would be to look at the same animals that survive multiple years and", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00194-00118711-00119260": "see how much they change from year to year according to environmental conditions in this", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00195-00119260-00119758": "case, according to snowpack. The problem is that hares are lunchmeat for everything in", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00196-00119758-00120257": "the forest, so they don't usually survive more than a year. It's hard for us to get", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00197-00120257-00120632": "animals that survive in the same location for multiple seasons.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00198-00120632-00121285": "Here, we're looking in the fall at nine hares that survived at least one fall in this case,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00199-00121285-00121863": "survived two falls, shown by the solid and dotted line. You can see that the fall phenology", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00200-00121863-00122416": "shows very little plasticity, just like we talked about. All of them are shown over here", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00201-00122416-00122808": "piled on top of each other, In the spring, we actually only had one hare", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00202-00122808-00123421": "that survived two years, but that one hare again does support what we found with the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00203-00123421-00123947": "analysis I just talked about. That one hare did show plasticity in the two years that", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00204-00123947-00125388": "we were able to monitor, 2011 and 2010, so there is plasticity in the rate of the spring", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00205-00125388-00125892": "molt. The other question that we addressed in the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00206-00125892-00126399": "PNAS paper was...We've shown that there's not plasticity, but now what we should do", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00207-00126399-00127022": "is to turn to some climate downscaling, look at snow models developed specifically for", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00208-00127022-00127596": "our study site, downscale to the level of our study site, and ask how much would we", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00209-00127596-00128025": "expect the snowpack to change in the future, and then how much would that lead to increased", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00210-00128025-00129340": "mismatch without adaptive changes. What we ended up using was local weather stations,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00211-00129340-00129867": "a whole bunch of them interpolated across the northwest for the present conditions,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00212-00129867-00130526": "and then we turned to multiple global circulation models with two different CO2 forcings to", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00213-00130526-00130961": "look into the future. What we found is the pattern that's been talked", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00214-00130961-00131592": "a lot about in the climate literature, which is that compared to the recent past, we expect", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00215-00131592-00132325": "in the future, depending on which CO2 forcing we use, we expect to see a reduction in number", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00216-00132325-00132872": "of days of snow on the ground, and even more so as we go further into the future to late", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00217-00132872-00133554": "century. [pauses] Sorry. I just was distracted because", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00218-00133554-00134745": "my phone beeped, but I think it's all OK. Also, the moving van arrived outside. Ah,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00219-00134745-00135253": "what a day. We see this reduction in number of days with", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00220-00135253-00136249": "snow on the ground. What we next did was, we said, \"Let's take the snow duration, the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00221-00136249-00136665": "number of days we expect to see snow on the ground, and superimpose that on the average", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00222-00136665-00137116": "phenology measured from our hares in the field.\" The black line here is the average phenology", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00223-00137116-00137763": "across years and across hares. Hares are going from brown to white and then back to brown.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00224-00137763-00138534": "The vertical lines are the snow on and snow off dates from the recent past and then from", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00225-00138534-00139252": "the future with the two different CO2 forcings. The gray area is what we call mismatch. For", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00226-00139252-00139982": "this exercise, we call it a hare mismatch if it was at least 60 percent white hare on", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00227-00139982-00140747": "a brown, snowless background. Given that definition...You can adjust that. We've done that, and the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00228-00140747-00141174": "story still stays the same. The gray shows the mismatch, the duration", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00229-00141174-00141723": "of mismatched hares. You can see that going into the future, that increases such that", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00230-00141723-00142332": "as we see a decrease in number of days of snow on the ground going into the future,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00231-00142332-00142975": "we would expect to see a three to eight fold increase of mismatched white hares on brown,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00232-00142975-00143948": "snowless backgrounds. That is striking, but it still doesn't tell", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00233-00143948-00144521": "the whole story because we still have to answer the critical question. What happens to these", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00234-00144521-00145210": "mismatched hares in terms of, do they die more, and how might they be able to adapt,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00235-00145210-00145922": "either through plasticity or through adaptive changes through natural selection, which could", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00236-00145922-00146804": "happen in a myriad number of ways. The question of increased mortality during", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00237-00146804-00147290": "times of mismatch, or increased mortality for mismatched hares, goes way back to that", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00238-00147290-00147817": "study I talked about in the beginning when I was talking about the source sink dynamics", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00239-00147817-00148067": "that we described. One thing we found there that was quite interesting and actually served", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00240-00148067-00148634": "as a genesis, really, as a catalyst for all this work that's happened since, was we were", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00241-00148634-00148994": "a bit surprised. We were looking at hares in closed and open", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00242-00148994-00149653": "forest patches because we were interested in source sink dynamics. We found that in", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00243-00149653-00150363": "the winter and summer, hares had higher survival. The higher survival during the summer, when", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00244-00150363-00150705": "there would be presumably less predators, and during the winter, when it's bitter cold.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00245-00150705-00151411": "Survival was actually higher than it is in the fall and the spring. Survival is lowest", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00246-00151411-00152429": "up on these open stands in the fall and spring. This is an interesting coincidence, but it's", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00247-00152429-00152752": "certainly not compelling with respect to coat color change, because lots of other things", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00248-00152752-00153246": "are happening in the fall and the spring besides coat color change. Animals are switching their", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00249-00153246-00153854": "diet. Deciduous leaves are coming on. Predator communities are shifting. So this itself was", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00250-00153854-00154313": "tantalizing, but it wasn't compelling. But we have over the last few years been working", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00251-00154313-00155101": "on the really compelling analysis. I cannot yet tell you details, but the details will", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00252-00155101-00155764": "be coming out soon. It's quite a complex analysis. We've used our radio collared hares. It's", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00253-00155764-00156328": "a complex analysis because of the changing phenology of the hares and accounting for", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00254-00156328-00156950": "the changing seasons and other forms of mortality, missing observations.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00255-00156950-00157879": "But there are some complications. Marketa, my student, will talk some about the results", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00256-00157879-00158387": "more in detail at the Conservation Biology meeting later this month. We're working on", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00257-00158387-00159551": "a paper. I will say that we do find a signal indicating non trivial costs to being mismatched.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00258-00159551-00160294": "We do find a cost to hares in terms of survival of being mismatched.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00259-00160294-00160866": "If we have mismatched hares, and they are more vulnerable to being killed when they", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00260-00160866-00161645": "are mismatched, then the next critical question...I think this has not been well considered for", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00261-00161645-00162204": "many cases in terms of climate change. The really critical question is, what do we expect", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00262-00162204-00162630": "to happen? As I said, a lot of times, we tend to think,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00263-00162630-00163136": "\"Oh my gosh. Let's figure out how to move them or let them move.\" Or we say, \"They can't", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00264-00163136-00163620": "move. That means they're doomed.\" But there is, of course, this third option, this potential", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00265-00163620-00164428": "ability for hares to adapt. They can adapt through either plasticity or through natural", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00266-00164428-00165374": "selection. We have begun to consider plasticity. I've", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00267-00165374-00166600": "already told you that they have very little plasticity in terms of the coat color change", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00268-00166600-00167190": "itself. The initiation date in the fall and the spring are fixed, there's a little bit", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00269-00167190-00167738": "of plasticity to slow down or speed up the rate of change in the spring, but if there's", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00270-00167738-00168064": "no snow before they initiate, they're going to be mismatched.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00271-00168064-00168699": "Can they adapt through behavioral plasticity? Well, so far, we don't see a signal of this.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00272-00168699-00169442": "We've looked at the obvious things that hares might do to be able to adapt to mismatch.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00273-00169442-00169857": "We find that they do not conceal themselves in vegetation more when they're mismatched.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00274-00169857-00170404": "Of course, this assumes that a hare looks down at itself like an emperor with no clothes", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00275-00170404-00171010": "and then decides that it better do something about it and gets behind some bushes or behind", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00276-00171010-00171670": "a tree. We don't find a signal of that. We don't find that hares flee at further distances", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00277-00171670-00172294": "with increasing mismatch. Instead, their flight distance seems a lot more tightly linked to", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00278-00172294-00173246": "their concealment, not to mismatch per se. We find that hares don't look around, at least", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00279-00173246-00173877": "not at the local site level, and plop themselves down in a place that matches their coat color", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00280-00173877-00174664": "the best. As Marketa has said, they didn't get the memo for the dress code, and so did", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00281-00174664-00175164": "they look around for the site that best fits the dress code. Instead, if there's areas", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00282-00175164-00175625": "with snowy and non snowy places, they tend to prefer the bare ground places.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00283-00175625-00176239": "This is not to say that there is no potential for plasticity of hare behavioral plasticity.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00284-00176239-00176945": "There's lots of other ways to look at it and consider it. Just we haven't found it so far.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00285-00176945-00177625": "So, limited plasticity in the coat color change, limited plasticity in the behaviors. What", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00286-00177625-00178300": "about the ability to adapt through natural selection? This is the next big direction", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00287-00178300-00178978": "where we'll be taking this project, so I don't have a lot to tell you on this yet, but I", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00288-00178978-00179388": "will say...Actually, I guess I'll back up here and stay for a second.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00289-00179388-00179708": "At first, I think, this can strike people as crazy to even be thinking about natural", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00290-00179708-00180461": "selection, but it's only crazy if you think about natural selection as being all about", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00291-00180461-00181235": "fossils and speciation and thousands of years. Then it seems impossible to imagine that it's", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00292-00181235-00181532": "relevant. But, actually, I would say that some of the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00293-00181532-00181999": "most exciting developments in biology with respect to climate change in the last two", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00294-00181999-00182591": "decades has been the understanding that evolution actually can happen quite fast on ecological", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00295-00182591-00183220": "time, and it can lead to quite strong morphological, behavioral, biochemical changes.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00296-00183220-00183933": "Natural selection can be a relevant factor on ecological scales, especially if the Biology", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00297-00183933-00184555": "101 attributes of natural selection are fulfilled. That is, if we have a trait that's variable,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00298-00184555-00185029": "if it's under strong directional selection, that is, it affects fitness so it's under", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00299-00185029-00185554": "strong directional selection and it's heritable. We are interested in asking the extent to", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00300-00185554-00186455": "which this could be true for snowshoe hares. What I'll tell you a little bit of what we", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00301-00186455-00187155": "thought about, and what we've done so far and then where we're going next.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00302-00187155-00187754": "Variable traits. This is a classic variable trait. This is a kind of trait that if you", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00303-00187754-00188316": "were natural selection, you would love to act on. This is a variable trait both within", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00304-00188316-00188784": "populations and among populations. Let's talk about each of those.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00305-00188784-00189446": "Within populations, different hares definitely change their coat color and there is plasticity", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00306-00189446-00190379": "in the rate of coat colors within populations. This is one of our study sites, one year,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00307-00190379-00190961": "one day, and you could see that the full range of possibilities are available. Here's a white", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00308-00190961-00191317": "hare on white ground. Here's a brown hare on brown ground. Remember, this is the same", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00309-00191317-00191884": "site, same day, and in fact, there because you can see the snow patches and the hares", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00310-00191884-00192453": "are different colors. Then you could have white hares on brown ground, brown hares on", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00311-00192453-00193197": "white ground. There's definitely variability to act, for selection to act on.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00312-00193197-00194016": "This is looking at the same thing. For one population, one year. Each green dot is an", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00313-00194016-00194763": "observation of a hare on a given day. Again, this is going across the calendar and from", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00314-00194763-00195512": "hares that are all brown to all white. Yeah. We're looking, here, in the spring, they're", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00315-00195512-00196026": "all white. Then they start to change to brown. See, there's lots of variation so that, for", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00316-00196026-00196630": "example, on April 25th, you have hares that are everything from nearly completely white,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00317-00196630-00197570": "they've begun to change, but they're still at 95 percent white, all the way down to close", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00318-00197570-00198276": "to about 5 percent white. You see the full range. This is what natural", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00319-00198276-00198928": "selection could operate on. Also, we know there's variability in the traits", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00320-00198928-00199529": "by looking at the species across this range. From most of the snowshoe hare range, they", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00321-00199529-00200153": "change from brown to white seasonally. But along the coastal region, for example, Olympic", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00322-00200153-00200734": "Peninsula, southwest British Columbia, there are hares that do not undergo the white molt", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00323-00200734-00201240": "in the wintertime. They stay brown all winter. There are, even, some very interesting populations", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00324-00201240-00201770": "that we're very excited about studying in the Cascade Mountains of Washington and Oregon,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00325-00201770-00202414": "where in the same populations there are white hares and brown hares in the winter in the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00326-00202414-00202876": "same population. Similar sorts of cross population variability", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00327-00202876-00203434": "plays out for the Lepus timidus, the mountain hare, which is in Europe and Asia. In particular,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00328-00203434-00204200": "so far, we know of at least one population in Ireland of Lepus timidus that stays brown", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00329-00204200-00204604": "during the winter, doesn't undergo coat color molt.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00330-00204604-00205186": "This is definitely a variable trait. That's what natural selection likes to have in order", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00331-00205186-00205858": "to operate on, be able to change phenotypes quickly. It's a variable trait within populations", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00332-00205858-00206446": "and among populations. Does the trait affect fitness? We're pretty", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00333-00206446-00207067": "confident, and becoming more confident almost on a daily basis, at this point, that it does", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00334-00207067-00207667": "indeed affect fitness. We see limited plasticity either through the coat color change timing", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00335-00207667-00208381": "or through behaviors. As I say, our analysis, it's still preliminarily at this point, pointing", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00336-00208381-00209369": "towards a fitness cost of mismatch. The next question is, is it heritable? What", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00337-00209369-00209916": "would be the mechanism by which natural selection could operate? What would be the genetic basis", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00338-00209916-00210414": "by which natural selection could operate to change this trait, and how fast could it change", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00339-00210414-00211048": "with potentially the timing or rate of the coat color change?", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00340-00211048-00211936": "To go down this path, we will be linking our field data. We'll keep doing our field data,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00341-00211936-00212694": "and we'll link that with the marvelous world of genomics, transcriptomics and genomic approaches", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00342-00212694-00213194": "that will, hopefully, ultimately take us down the path towards understanding candidate genes", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00343-00213194-00213889": "for the coat color change. This is something we've just begun working", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00344-00213889-00214528": "with colleagues here at University of Montana, Jeff Good, and our colleagues Paulo Alves", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00345-00214528-00215415": "and Zef Ferreira at the University of Porto. We've just begin this, but I'll show you some", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00346-00215415-00216610": "more, really, hot off the press results. This is just from the last month or so. I guess,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00347-00216610-00217040": "this header didn't show up very well, but it says, \"The initial transcriptome sequence", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00348-00217040-00217910": "analysis.\" This is our very, way initial beginning of our genomic analysis. What we focused on,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00349-00217910-00218359": "the sort of low hanging fruits of this, is the focus on that polymorphic population that", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00350-00218359-00218742": "I mentioned in the Cascade Mountains. We've sampled it several times. We haven't", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00351-00218742-00219211": "yet collected field data there. We've sampled quite a few individuals from there so this", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00352-00219211-00219814": "analysis is based on 10 snowshoe hares, all of which were collected in January. Six were", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00353-00219814-00220540": "brown, four were white. In the world of genomics, it's just amazing", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00354-00220540-00221276": "that 46,000 genetic markers that we've been able to analyze so far in this very preliminary", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00355-00221276-00221996": "run. In general, the differentiation between the six brown and the four white individuals,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00356-00221996-00222477": "FST as a measure of genetic differentiation, in this case, between these two color groups", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00357-00222477-00223180": "is quite small. It's quite small FST and that's not surprising.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00358-00223180-00223788": "You wouldn't expect to see a huge differentiation between brown and white hares found in exactly", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00359-00223788-00224446": "the same spot. But interestingly, we do so far have almost 2,000 outliers as genetic", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00360-00224446-00225073": "markers. These could include markers that with more work may become candidate genes", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00361-00225073-00225427": "that help us understand the genetic basis of the seasonal coat color change.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00362-00225427-00225946": "No silver bullet yet. I can't announce to you that we've found the white gene, or the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00363-00225946-00226563": "brown gene, or the coat color gene or anything like that. This will be, most likely, a long", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00364-00226563-00227425": "process. It will include some captive breeding. In fact my new job, amazingly, at North Carolina,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00365-00227425-00228092": "they're building me what they laughingly call the \"Hare Chiller\" on the campus at North", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00366-00228092-00228719": "Carolina State. So I'm out there, I'll actually have a subzero temperature controlled chamber.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00367-00228719-00229586": "As far as I know, there's nothing like that in use anywhere for looking at seasonal coat", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00368-00229586-00229921": "color change. We'll be able to look at that mechanism to coat color change and things", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00369-00229921-00230352": "like that to the genomics. The engineers love the challenge of coming", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00370-00230352-00231173": "up with a subzero temperature chamber in Raleigh, North Carolina summertime.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00371-00231173-00232578": "This shows us the big picture. The grand vision or hope that I have for this project. Really,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00372-00232578-00233027": "in order to answer this question, can any trait, but in this case we think camouflage", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00373-00233027-00233705": "is a nice trait, can camouflage keep up with climate change? To do that, we have been and", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00374-00233705-00234463": "will continue to quantify the extent of mismatch, the adaptive cost of being mismatched. Continue", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00375-00234463-00234929": "to work on the snow downscaling, that I talked about that we did in the PNAS paper, so that", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00376-00234929-00235705": "we can get realistic models for snowpack that are relevant to the animals themselves, and", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00377-00235705-00236042": "understand the drivers of the coat color change and of the mortality.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00378-00236042-00236490": "If we can do that, then we, actually, can understand the rate at which the animals might", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00379-00236490-00237348": "be able to adapt by either plasticity or through evolutionary changes. Then from that, we hope", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00380-00237348-00237856": "to again link that to what we've been doing since 1998 in terms of studying population", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00381-00237856-00238639": "dynamics. We can understand the consequences of mismatch on survival rates then we can", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00382-00238639-00239137": "put that into population projection models that we've been working on all these years", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00383-00239137-00239709": "to understand hare population dynamics. And get to the sort of end point, the very exciting,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00384-00239709-00240464": "I think, important endpoint of to what extent will climate change be likely to actually", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00385-00240464-00241298": "change the population dynamics of this particular species that is important by its own right,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00386-00241298-00241861": "and also very important as a strong ecosystem interactor?", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00387-00241861-00243011": "That is where we're heading, and it's complex and exciting. More complex than this. This", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00388-00243011-00243616": "was an interview, an article that came out. Notice the date. This was one month after", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00389-00243616-00244292": "I got the funding from USGS Climate Science Center to begin this research so I hadn't", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00390-00244292-00244865": "even ordered the first radio collar. Hadn't even ordered...We had done nothing, actually,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00391-00244865-00245577": "on this project, but it was announced in the title that this is a disappearing rabbit,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00392-00245577-00246006": "that they're vanishing. Of course, many of you will know there's two", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00393-00246006-00246751": "errors in this title. One is that these are hares, they're not rabbits. And the other", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00394-00246751-00247415": "is that we don't, really, know anything at this point about them disappearing, but we", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00395-00247415-00248112": "do hope to get to that point. With that, I'd just like to end by thanking", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00396-00248112-00248869": "a lot of people, a remarkable group of graduate students and undergraduate students. Both", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00397-00248869-00249196": "field assistants, we have 10 of them out in the field right now, four of them working", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00398-00249196-00249854": "on senior thesis projects. It's been a labor of love for lots of folks.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00399-00249854-00250581": "As I mentioned, the genetic work is being done in collaboration both here at Montana", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00400-00250581-00251062": "and at University of Porto where the rabbit genome is sequenced so there's this historical", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00401-00251062-00251617": "reason to do that. Paul Lucaks has helped us a lot with a lot of the, really, complicated", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00402-00251617-00252123": "Bayesian modeling that we have to turn to with this kind of analysis here.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00403-00252123-00252617": "Obviously, the funding and administrative support. This, really, goes all the way back", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00404-00252617-00253707": "to 1998, but has been just terrific across lots of different federal and state agencies.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00405-00253707-00254457": "So with that, let me see, I'm going to check my attention meter and see...Oh. [laughs]", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00406-00254457-00255213": "We've got some sleepers, we've got some people texting, but nevertheless, I'm happy to answer", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00407-00255213-00255862": "questions. Wake up everyone. Christy: OK. We'll now be open to questions.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00408-00255862-00256557": "OK. Our first question is from Kevin McCarty. Go ahead and unmute your phone, please?", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00409-00256557-00256942": "Kevin McCarty: Yes, this is Kevin McCarty. Scott: Hi, Kevin.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00410-00256942-00257067": "Kevin: Hey, how's it going? Scott: Good.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00411-00257067-00257647": "Kevin: Yes. My first question...Actually, I have two if you don't mind. My first question", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00412-00257647-00258256": "is with the phenomenon that you found in the Olympic Peninsula area, the ones that did", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00413-00258256-00258882": "not change color. Was there a recording towards what the elevation was that these hares were", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00414-00258882-00259737": "found at? Scott: Yeah. I haven't particularly done any", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00415-00259737-00260475": "work on hares in the Olympic. This is based on what is really well known in terms of natural", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00416-00260475-00261196": "history of the Olympic Peninsula. As you know, the Olympic Mountains go really quickly out", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00417-00261196-00261827": "to sea level so the hares tend to be at what we, here in Montana, would consider to be", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00418-00261827-00262508": "quite low elevation. They're not found in the boreal area. They're at relatively low", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00419-00262508-00263240": "elevation, and of course, it's maritime climate at the Olympic. No, I can't speak to any specifics", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00420-00263240-00263803": "of elevation, but just to say that, in general, the hares are found in relatively low elevation.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00421-00263803-00264468": "They end up with many times not having winter long snowpack.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00422-00264468-00265131": "Kevin: OK. Then to the second part. I want to ask you if there was any research or any", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00423-00265131-00265655": "side research that looked towards the predators that are, actually, feeding upon the hares,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00424-00265655-00266082": "if they are having any kind of effect with the climate change, as well, if that could", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00425-00266082-00266679": "be any kind of contributing factor? Scott: Yeah. This is a really good question.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00426-00266679-00267425": "It's obviously a lot harder to get a handle on predator's dynamic, tracking something", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00427-00267425-00267912": "like this. But John Sidle, here at the Rocky Mountain Research Station and his research", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00428-00267912-00268489": "group, have been studying Canada Lynx in exactly these study areas since, basically, the same", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00429-00268489-00269175": "year I started studying hares. John and his group have been studying Lynx. We haven't", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00430-00269175-00269979": "formally connected that, but there's lots and lots of years of Lynx telemetry data and", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00431-00269979-00270718": "we are working together. I guess, the short answer that question is not so much, but definitely", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00432-00270718-00271135": "interesting and important. Kevin: OK. Thank you very much.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00433-00271135-00271635": "Scott: Thank you. Christy: Our next question is from Erik Beever.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00434-00271635-00272130": "Can you, please, unmute your phone, star six, please?", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00435-00272130-00272736": "Erik Beever: Hey, Scott. Congratulations on the new position, the PNAS paper and the \"Hare", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00436-00272736-00273230": "Chiller.\" I'm wondering if that might be a treatment for baldness, as well, that \"Hair", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00437-00273230-00273785": "Chiller?\" Scott: [laughs] Thanks, Erik. I'll look into", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00438-00273785-00274161": "that. Erik: [laughs] Good. In your slide about the", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00439-00274161-00275075": "projected mismatch of hares, you had snow off as a one day phenomenon. I have a follow", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00440-00275075-00275333": "up question, but can you discuss that real quickly?", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00441-00275333-00276077": "Scott: You mean the vertical line that was a snow on, snow off date?", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00442-00276077-00276610": "Erik: Yeah. Snow on is plausible, but I didn't understand how that could be a one day phenomenon", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00443-00276610-00277445": "for snow off? Scott: Yeah. Obviously, that's taken a semi", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00444-00277445-00278275": "continuous phenomenon where I was showing our field data where I was showing the snow", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00445-00278275-00278677": "comes, it goes, it comes, it goes in the fall. In the spring, it goes, it comes, it goes.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00446-00278677-00279615": "So it's taken a continuous event and making it dichotomous. Basically, we came up with", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00447-00279615-00280332": "the criteria for continuous snowpack from the climate modeling, and we used that as", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00448-00280332-00280873": "a threshold. One thing we did find, though, was those dates that came from the climate", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00449-00280873-00281424": "modeling corresponded really well to our field data where we were out there every week taking", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00450-00281424-00282083": "pictures of the snow around every hare. We had this nice field measure of when the snow", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00451-00282083-00282912": "came and when it went weekly. That corresponded really well to the models on off dates that", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00452-00282912-00283487": "came from the climate models. Erik: OK. Great. Secondly, this is stepping", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00453-00283487-00284176": "back a touch. You talked towards the end about adaptability and the process either of through", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00454-00284176-00284747": "behavioral plasticity or through natural selection. Can you talk about, let's say, first within", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00455-00284747-00285448": "hares, which individuals might be most likely to be able to adapt? Would you come at that", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00456-00285448-00286113": "from a purely genetic perspective? Also, if you want, which species might be most likely", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00457-00286113-00286551": "able to adapt? Scott: Yeah. That's a great question. It's", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00458-00286551-00287143": "obviously one that is a huge management relevance. It's a point that I expand on a lot more when", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00459-00287143-00287759": "I give talks like this or I give climate change talks to, for example, land manager groups.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00460-00287759-00288774": "As far as I do think, it gives a ray of hope and it gives an action item that land managers", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00461-00288774-00289416": "can do when they...Land managers can't necessarily do anything about carbon footprint, or carbon", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00462-00289416-00290203": "credits or CO2 output. They can do something, I think, to facilitate adaptation. That is,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00463-00290203-00290794": "again, by the basic principles of natural selection, we expect the force of natural", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00464-00290794-00291380": "selection to operate the best when the population is large, because if the population gets small,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00465-00291380-00292048": "genetic drifts can overwhelm selection. Maintain populations that are large enough to respond", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00466-00292048-00292713": "to selective forces, that have a moderate level of gene flow among populations. That", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00467-00292713-00293406": "is not so much gene flow that local adaptation might be swamped. Not so little gene flow", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00468-00293406-00294339": "that adaptive variance can't arrive in a population. So those are two things, maintain relatively", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00469-00294339-00294966": "large populations, relatively well connected populations and also, going along with those,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00470-00294966-00295936": "minimizing the other stressors that are operating on here. I always think about this for any", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00471-00295936-00296814": "species, is being confronted by an anthropogenic stressor, the best possibility for it to adapt", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00472-00296814-00297693": "is to give it more latitude for adaptation through minimizing other stressors.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00473-00297693-00298236": "Not to say that any of those three things are easy, of course, but those are action", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00474-00298236-00298839": "items that people could do at a local level. As to which species, of course, for other", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00475-00298839-00299571": "life history traits, obviously, things like rapid generation time, generalist life history", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00476-00299571-00300488": "habit, those would also lead to more rapid adaptations as a general rule of course, as", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00477-00300488-00300884": "a general theoretical rule. Hares are pretty well suited for that. Hares", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00478-00300884-00301284": "aren't rabbits so they don't have the kind of intrinsic growth rate that rabbits do,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00479-00301284-00302040": "but they still are pretty well suited for rapid...They have relatively fast generation", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00480-00302040-00302717": "times. They are, at least in some ways, relatively general.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00481-00302717-00303191": "Erik: Thanks. Excellent presentation. Scott: Thank you.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00482-00303191-00303547": "Christy: We have another question from Sean Sultaire.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00483-00303547-00303883": "Scott: I don't take any questions from that guy. I'm just kidding. He was one of our field", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00484-00303883-00304072": "assistants. Christy: [laughs] Sean, if you could press", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00485-00304072-00304820": "star six, unmute your phone? Scott: I was just kidding, Sean.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00486-00304820-00305975": "Christy: [laughs] OK. While we're waiting for him to get on, let's go to our next question.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00487-00305975-00306382": "It's Carol... Sean Sultaire: Hey, Scott?", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00488-00306382-00306733": "Christy: Oh. Are you on? Sean: Did I make it on?", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00489-00306733-00307425": "Christy: Yes, you did. Sean: OK. I think I pushed pound six on that", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00490-00307425-00308222": "one. Great presentation, Scott. It seems like a lot has been going on since I left, definitely.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00491-00308222-00308927": "I had a question about the scale of inference for predicting future snow cover and population", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00492-00308927-00309413": "dynamics, if that's going to be limited to the current study area or more broadly across", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00493-00309413-00310092": "Southern portion, like Southern hare populations. Scott: Yeah, no, that's a good question. I", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00494-00310092-00310705": "mean, I think to the extent that we can unravel mechanisms, then obviously, that's going to", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00495-00310705-00311369": "increase the generality. I mean, if all we're doing is describing the phenomenon of increased", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00496-00311369-00312089": "mismatch and mortality for hares in this one area, then that's not very generalizable.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00497-00312089-00312624": "Then we have to basically to, repeat that for everywhere in the world and every species.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00498-00312624-00313577": "But to the extent that we can unravel mechanisms of the role that plasticity might play, mechanisms", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00499-00313577-00314225": "of the way in which natural selection might act to change the initiation date of the coat", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00500-00314225-00314806": "color change, then it seems that it would be very generalizable.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00501-00314806-00315515": "The goal, the wonderful thing, would be to get, essentially, a measure of, \"OK, with", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00502-00315515-00316454": "this much mismatch, here's the force of selection, and here's the adaptive response that these", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00503-00316454-00316914": "species are capable of.\" Even that, once you understand the mechanisms, you could start", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00504-00316914-00317717": "asking that for other species with coat color change, or other species that have phenological", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00505-00317717-00318025": "mismatch. Sean: Going along with that, just one more", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00506-00318025-00318501": "question, if you don't mind. I know you've done some landscape genetics in the past,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00507-00318501-00319121": "across snowshoe hare range. You found for most southern populations there was not a", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00508-00319121-00319799": "lot of genetic divergence from the core Boreal population, consistent with the core periphery", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00509-00319799-00320224": "hypothesis for range boundary genetics. I wonder how you think that could play into", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00510-00320224-00320721": "this species' adaptive response to changing snow conditions.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00511-00320721-00321504": "Scott: Yeah, I think I kept in here, I put this as an extra slide in here. Can you guys", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00512-00321504-00322243": "see that? Can you see the new slide I have? Sean: It's up there on mine.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00513-00322243-00322501": "Christy: Yes. Scott: This is the landscape genetics project", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00514-00322501-00323035": "that Shawn is referring to that was done by my student Ellen Cheng. It was quite interesting.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00515-00323035-00324112": "We found three distinct genetic groups the Boreal group across all of Canada and Alaska,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00516-00324112-00324770": "a Southern group which, as Sean mentioned, does have lower heterozygocity, then what", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00517-00324770-00325694": "we call a Coastal group. This shows a few different things. One interesting thing that", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00518-00325694-00326275": "I hesitate to say much about, but I will anyway because, hey, there's nobody here. I'm just", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00519-00326275-00327182": "talking to the computer just kidding. The Coastal group includes the only hares that", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00520-00327182-00327752": "we know of that retain brown coats during the winter.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00521-00327752-00329349": "This is only in review right now, but we find that there's actually introgression into these", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00522-00329349-00329897": "snowshoe hares from black tailed jackrabbits, which are the only Lepus species in North", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00523-00329897-00330335": "America that does not undergo seasonal coat color change.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00524-00330335-00330820": "Not to overplay it, or say that we found a silver bullet gene that black tailed jackrabbits", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00525-00330820-00331432": "have given them the gene to stay brown, but it does imply that that might be a piece to", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00526-00331432-00332053": "understand the evolutionary history of hares, even with respect to coat color change of", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00527-00332053-00332468": "that grouping. Sean: Very interesting.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00528-00332468-00332883": "Scott: Thanks. Sean: Thanks, Scott.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00529-00332883-00333500": "Christy: OK, our next question is from Carol Mladinich.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00530-00333500-00334629": "Carol Mladinich: Pretty good. I am interested, when you talk about the changing snow conditions", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00531-00334629-00335410": "and what they're doing. You say they're snow downscaling. Can you talk a little bit about", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00532-00335410-00336194": "that? Is it because of the scale of the snowfall data that you're using?", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00533-00336194-00337058": "Scott: What do I mean by snow downscaling? What I mean by that is, instead of trying", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00534-00337058-00337755": "to connect these phenologic changes of the hares to some really big snow prediction,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00535-00337755-00338414": "like what you see in IPCC report. You know, where you see giant regions with changes in", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00536-00338414-00339121": "snow cover, or you see whole continents or whole countries? Those are kind of hard because", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00537-00339121-00340033": "there's so much variability within those regions. The snowpack over just several hundred kilometers", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00538-00340033-00340565": "can be really different. In fact, as we found in our two different study sites, the snowpack", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00539-00340565-00341170": "was really different, just because they were 1300 meters different in elevation. It's a", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00540-00341170-00341826": "really broad brush trying to link biological changes to physical drivers or physical changers,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00541-00341826-00342540": "if you only have this really broad brush of regional or continental predictions of snow.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00542-00342540-00343184": "Carol: A higher resolution snow? Scott: Exactly. With the climatologists here,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00543-00343184-00343836": "we were able to come up with descriptions of the past and predictions of the future,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00544-00343836-00344711": "that were relevant to these particular animals of these particular study sites.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00545-00344711-00345810": "Christy: We have our next question. It's from chat. It's from Rachel Muir. She asks, \"Do", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00546-00345810-00346421": "snowshoes interbreed with any closely related species? Are hybrids viable? I have seen reference", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00547-00346421-00347018": "to a Brier Island, Canada subspecies. Their phenology might be instructive\".", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00548-00347018-00347871": "Scott: First, was the second one, what island? Christy: Brier. That's B R I E R.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00549-00347871-00348675": "Scott: I've never heard of that. Yeah, I would love to hear about that. I've never heard", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00550-00348675-00349468": "of Brier Island. Yeah, definitely, I would love to hear more about that. As for the first", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00551-00349468-00350412": "question, it goes back to what I mentioned in answer to Sean's question, that we do see", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00552-00350412-00350941": "a signal of hybridization from black tailed jackrabbits, ancient hybridization. I mean,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00553-00350941-00351568": "this would be tens of thousands of years ago, or more.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00554-00351568-00352455": "Some black tailed jackrabbits, we don't see that currently. That is an interesting question.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00555-00352455-00353168": "What were the conditions which led to that. Does that happen now? We don't see that hybridization", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00556-00353168-00353907": "in other parts of the hare range that are sympatric with snowshoe hares.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00557-00353907-00354587": "I guess the short answer is that we don't have any reason to see, right now, that there's", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00558-00354587-00355430": "hybridization from any of the congeneric species with the snowshoe hare. But, we do see a signal", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00559-00355430-00356287": "that it has occurred at least once in the past with the black tailed jackrabbit.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00560-00356287-00357265": "Christy: Our next question is from Kerry Holcomb. Kerry, could you please unmute your phone?", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00561-00357265-00357988": "Kerry Holcomb: My question is about your genetic analysis. I know you're just getting started", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00562-00357988-00358575": "down this road, but do you anticipate that the difference in coloration is going to be", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00563-00358575-00359373": "led mainly by a genomic difference, or just purely an expressional difference? Like an", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00564-00359373-00359980": "embryological difference. Scott: You're exactly right. That is very", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00565-00359980-00360535": "complicated. Yeah, definitely, that lies in the question that I'm sometimes asked, \"Are", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00566-00360535-00361143": "you going to find the coat color genes?\" Because, yeah, as you say, not only is it likely a", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00567-00361143-00361853": "suite of genes are involved, but also there's all these regulatory, there's lots of regulatory", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00568-00361853-00362855": "changes that cascade in and make it much more complicated. I'm guessing, just based on what's", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00569-00362855-00363714": "known from the genetic basis of coat color which, of course, for mammal coat colar has", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00570-00363714-00364741": "been really well studied in mice and dogs and horses. The coat color, the genetic basis,", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00571-00364741-00365563": "the complex genetic basis for coat color, or non seasonal, just background coat color", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00572-00365563-00365931": "is pretty well understood. But, it's also known to be pretty complex.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00573-00365931-00366559": "I'm imagining that seasonal coat color will have all the complexities of the mammalian", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00574-00366559-00367187": "coat color plus all the additional complexities of being a circannual process.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00575-00367187-00367697": "Kerry: Yeah. There could be some really deep methylation patterns or all kinds of different", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00576-00367697-00368480": "fun stuff going on. Scott: Yeah, right. I bet it won't be easy.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00577-00368480-00368987": "Kerry: Well, good luck. Great job. Scott: Thank you.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00578-00368987-00369560": "Christy: OK. I'm just looking here at the participant list and I don't see any more", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00579-00369560-00370288": "questions. Do we have more questions before we close out the presentation? OK. All right.", "6bN2mBKcfbY-00580-00370288-00370945": "I'd like to thank Scott for a great presentation."}}, {"audio_id": "6cicYDbiv7Y", "text": {"6cicYDbiv7Y-00000-00000000-00000911": "Oh my god. What am I doing? Hi, welcome to Just Thinking Out Loud. My name is", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00001-00000911-00001533": "Desi-Rae. I must say that I have really missed making these videos and I've been", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00002-00001533-00002175": "swamped with work but I will make these videos whenever I get a chance. Don't", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00003-00002175-00002411": "forget to donate at justthinkingoutloud.tv/donate", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00004-00002411-00002885": "to keep these videos coming. And don't forget to follow me on", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00005-00002885-00003384": "Twitter as well as keep in mind there are a lot of alternative platforms out", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00006-00003384-00003927": "there. And speaking of alternative platforms, the big topic of the month", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00007-00003927-00004394": "even though it really should be the holiday season and the giving spirit is", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00008-00004394-00004889": "censorship and free speech and the de-platforming of people. So I ended up", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00009-00004889-00005339": "writing a speech about it that I feel very passionate about and I'm about to go", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00010-00005339-00005810": "through that with you. While crypto-adventuring in South Africa an", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00011-00005810-00006344": "interesting fact was brought up to me by a team member that I met their. Free", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00012-00006344-00006801": "speech doesn't have its origins in individual freedom of expression but in", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00013-00006801-00007334": "the rights of others to hear it. Let's consider a striking example of an", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00014-00007334-00007845": "individual waiting to be executed. Their head is about to be chopped off. But the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00015-00007845-00008295": "executioner gives them the final words so that possibly they could change the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00016-00008295-00008820": "mind of the executioner himself, I'm assuming it's a guy, or of the crowd. In", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00017-00008820-00009381": "that moment there is an opportunity for affirmation or questioning to occur", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00018-00009381-00009750": "based on what is said. If it's novel information that could change the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00019-00009750-00010113": "person's mind or if it's information that's already been known and reaffirms", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00020-00010113-00010611": "the values that are being sanctioned in that moment by that society. Because I'm", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00021-00010611-00010997": "assuming that this is a criminal. They did something wrong and everyone can say yes", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00022-00010997-00011429": "this was exactly the right decision that was made. Or they can say no which is", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00023-00011429-00011817": "probably unlikely. But in that moment there's a chance for that to happen.", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00024-00011817-00012200": "Let's consider another way to illustrate this. When children are being educated at", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00025-00012200-00012768": "a young age, the mind wasn't formed through honest analysis. And that honest", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00026-00012768-00013362": "analysis will never occur if that mind can never correct itself or strengthen", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00027-00013362-00013563": "its position because it never heard an", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00028-00013563-00013938": "opposing opinion. When it comes to problem-solving including the really", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00029-00013938-00014322": "difficult topics that we have to talk about concerning culture and", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00030-00014322-00014781": "globalization, apparently some of my favorite topics, if we eliminate those", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00031-00014781-00015419": "voices then we can never problem-solve properly through proper analysis and", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00032-00015419-00015882": "problem identification. And then the generation of strategies and solutions", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00033-00015882-00016263": "to solve the problems that we have. Now free speech is usually expressed within", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00034-00016263-00016692": "the context of an individual's right to share his or her voice. But it can also", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00035-00016692-00017106": "be framed as the right of others to hear that voice. I'm not talking about the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00036-00017106-00017454": "United States Constitution and its First Amendment, but I'm talking about the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00037-00017454-00017925": "concept of free speech itself that amendment rests on. So we're not used to", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00038-00017925-00018285": "thinking of free speech as a right from the perspective of the receiver because", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00039-00018285-00018882": "much of his historical context has been lost. Here are some modern definitions of", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00040-00018882-00019383": "free speech. Wikipedia defines freedom of speech as \"a principle that supports the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00041-00019383-00019842": "freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00042-00019842-00020432": "without fear of retaliation censorship or legal sanction\". Dictionary.com defines", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00043-00020432-00020916": "freedom of speech as \"the right of people to express their opinions publicly", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00044-00020916-00021311": "without governmental interference subject to the laws against libel", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00045-00021311-00021807": "incitement to violence or rebellion\". The Universal Declaration of Human Rights", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00046-00021807-00022257": "retains the reference to the hearing aspect of free speech in its Article 19", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00047-00022257-00022710": "that was established in 1949 which states that: \"Everyone has the right to", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00048-00022710-00023139": "freedom of opinion and expression. This right includes freedom to hold opinions", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00049-00023139-00023723": "without interference and to seek receive and impart information and ideas through", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00050-00023723-00024288": "any media and regardless of frontiers.\" But free speech was first advocated for", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00051-00024288-00024773": "by Western thinkers such as Thomas Paine in his, I think it's a book, 'The Age of", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00052-00024773-00025290": "Reason' and John Stuart Mill in 'On Liberty', which I think is an essay. These were", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00053-00025290-00025719": "born out of the Enlightenment periods. And these origins are explored in an", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00054-00025719-00026126": "article by Geoff Greer. I'm sorry if I'm pronouncing that wrong. That was brought", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00055-00026126-00026619": "to my attention by the team member on the South Africa foray called 'Freedom of", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00056-00026619-00026970": "Speech isn't About Speech'. And he himself was influenced by", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00057-00026970-00027558": "Christopher Hitchens' thoughts on the topic. So Paine in Age of Reason in 1794", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00058-00027558-00028086": "and Mill in 1859 both spoke of the loss to the listener when speech wasn't", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00059-00028086-00028455": "allowed to be spoken. And that they considered this loss to be greater than", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00060-00028455-00028883": "the loss of the individual who's not being allowed to speak because the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00061-00028883-00029433": "listener would not get the chance exchange their error for truth. Mill even", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00062-00029433-00029900": "thinks that silencing actually robs the human race and future generations", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00063-00029900-00030411": "because then their opinions will end up stagnating and we can't have any new", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00064-00030411-00030888": "advancements. This is not to say that these individuals, Paine and Mill, created", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00065-00030888-00031308": "the concept of free speech, but they might have been one of the first people", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00066-00031308-00031752": "to actually articulate them and and its importance to our society.", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00067-00031752-00032352": "Jordan Peterson goes into a more ethics-based identification of the primordial", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00068-00032352-00032682": "origins of free speech, which you might find very fascinating but I'm not", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00069-00032682-00033135": "going to go into it here. So the modern discourse around free speech, you can", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00070-00033135-00033537": "correct me if I'm wrong, really frames it as an individual's right expression. And", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00071-00033537-00034065": "that's true but it also is and should be framed as important for everyone else in", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00072-00034065-00034659": "society to establish their boundaries and beliefs and  to advance society in a", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00073-00034659-00035079": "practical manner. So when we see certain things happening such as the legacy press", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00074-00035079-00035400": "desire and support for the free press but only referring to themselves", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00075-00035400-00035877": "actually and the push to remove feedback metrics such as likes or dislikes-", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00076-00035877-00036375": "YouTube does this with some of their own generated content and", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00077-00036375-00036849": "Twitter is considering doing it with the likes. We see leaders of influential", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00078-00036849-00037275": "social media vowing to take an active stance on what content its users are", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00079-00037275-00037677": "either allowed to see or that is officially recommended by them, favoring", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00080-00037677-00038232": "safety and civility over freedom of speech. We see individuals such as Keiko", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00081-00038232-00038583": "in Boston, this was recently and I'm sorry if I pronounced that wrong, being shadow", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00082-00038583-00039060": "banned on a Twitter thread detailing what Patreon did with its selectively banning.", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00083-00039060-00039543": "And of course popular thinker and youtuber Carl Benjamin AKA Sargon of", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00084-00039543-00039789": "Akkad was banned recently for saying the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00085-00039789-00040347": "n-word. But there was little acknowledgment in my opinion and others of context, or", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00086-00040347-00040767": "the selectivity of the banning that was occurring, or that it happened outside of", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00087-00040767-00041346": "the platform's actual and stated domain of concern. Another thing we see is free", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00088-00041346-00041844": "speech focused platforms being vilified such as Gab.com after users are", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00089-00041844-00042273": "forced out of other arenas such as Twitter with nowhere else to go. And then", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00090-00042273-00042822": "those platforms themselves being banned left, right and center, all over the place", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00091-00042822-00043302": "just banning, banning, censorship going on, with their domain hosting, hosting itself", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00092-00043302-00043671": "for the content, and payment services that they use to reach their customers", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00093-00043671-00044242": "or interested parties. We also see a very very long list of individuals being", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00094-00044242-00044718": "de- platformed from publishing or financial services such as Tommy Robinson, Lauren", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00095-00044718-00045195": "Southern, Alex Jones, Robert Spencer, myself. There's someone on Twitter", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00096-00045195-00045705": "named Nick Monroe who does a really good job of compiling lists of those affected", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00097-00045705-00046395": "by this kind of financial censorship and deplatforming. And I think the most", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00098-00046395-00046830": "illustrative thing is the growing definition of the word, the term", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00099-00046830-00047307": "alt-right to include anyone who thinks beyond the standard narrative held by", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00100-00047307-00047808": "the mainstream media. This is people on both the left and the right, particularly", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00101-00047808-00048306": "concerning really volatile topics such as race, gender and culture, topics that", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00102-00048306-00048770": "every single person by default is intimately familiar with because", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00103-00048770-00049185": "everybody has those things and are forced to define themselves through", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00104-00049185-00049554": "those identities because of the discourse around them. So when we see", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00105-00049554-00049911": "these things happening we should recognize that it is not simply about", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00106-00049911-00050379": "silencing a voice. It's about ensuring that nobody else hears that voice. It's", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00107-00050379-00050886": "not only that these companies want to establish a family-friendly space. They", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00108-00050886-00051329": "don't want the ideas to exist. And that's why they overreach beyond their spheres", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00109-00051329-00051819": "of influence, as in the case with Carl, Sargon of Akkad, being kicked off", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00110-00051819-00052229": "of Patreon for things that he said somewhere else some really long time ago.", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00111-00052229-00052616": "And in the case of not allowing users to find other places to go such as", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00112-00052616-00053058": "Gab.com and letting it be separate from their own even after being kicked off of", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00113-00053058-00053384": "platforms that they they didn't want to be kicked off of, they wanted", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00114-00053384-00054004": "to be there. So these actions belie a desire for power over the speaker, yes.", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00115-00054004-00054500": "But they also show a desire to have power over the listeners, the potential", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00116-00054500-00054986": "listeners, to the level of wanting to control the minds of others who might be", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00117-00054986-00055480": "influenced. And I consider that to be very sinister. The minds of other people", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00118-00055480-00056066": "do not belong to Susan Wojcicki  - I'm so sorry for pronouncing that wrong. I", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00119-00056066-00056617": "don't mean disrespect for that - Mark Zuckerberg, Jacqueline Hart, Visa and", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00120-00056617-00057146": "MasterCard owners, or their employees ,or their diversity departments. It's not", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00121-00057146-00057515": "about protection. It's about power. And it's not about the principles of", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00122-00057515-00058034": "inclusion or condemning immoral behavior of the past which is a surface argument.", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00123-00058034-00058475": "Because they should be able to reason through why that is important. These", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00124-00058475-00058928": "things have all been established in society for a long time, about why you", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00125-00058928-00059654": "don't- like why slavery was ended, why the Holocaust was bad, why genocide based on", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00126-00059654-00060152": "race or religion or some kind of ethnic identity is bad. That is something that's", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00127-00060152-00060653": "pretty much accepted by everybody. What is so different today that we can't", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00128-00060653-00061079": "reason about it? I think that's because we're not seeing the results we want", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00129-00061079-00061591": "in our societies. But that's not the topic of this video. What I'm saying is", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00130-00061591-00061964": "that it's about using control rather than negotiation or persuasion to shape", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00131-00061964-00062396": "the world in the image that these companies and their leaders desire. It's", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00132-00062396-00062888": "not dissimilar from the isms and obias that they claim to condemn with their", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00133-00062888-00063512": "actions, such as Islamophobia, sexism and racism which generally lead to the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00134-00063512-00063938": "exclusion of people because they do not fit or do not have a right to the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00135-00063938-00064403": "liberties given to others ,based on the mental landscape of the intolerant", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00136-00064403-00064784": "person. In other words, it's a form of tyranny. They would rather have the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00137-00064784-00065098": "solution to a problem be solved through mandate than through negotiation.", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00138-00065098-00065501": "Nevermind that they still have to live in the society with the people that they have", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00139-00065501-00065999": "disgruntled, including co-workers, friends and family, even as they all want to try", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00140-00065999-00066455": "and cut ties. And it's going to have an effect on the mental stability of", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00141-00066455-00066785": "society. The tactics of censorship are the same as", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00142-00066785-00067154": "having a fight on the schoolyard playground and calling on the teacher to", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00143-00067154-00067574": "end it. That's when someone requests a de-platform. Or resorting to violence. And", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00144-00067574-00067888": "that's when someone advocates for punching a Nazi or hitting somebody with", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00145-00067888-00068312": "a bike lock because they said some horrendous thing that the person didn't", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00146-00068312-00068612": "think should be said. This is the opposite of developing the skills needed", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00147-00068612-00069050": "to negotiate in your society. It can cause polarization because people might", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00148-00069050-00069352": "appear to be more extreme in their opinions when they are forced to defend", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00149-00069352-00069749": "their right to speak them. It shifts their energy to focus on topics they", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00150-00069749-00070292": "have to fight to talk about, even then not being given enough time to actually", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00151-00070292-00070829": "debate them. These tactics teach others that negotiation is not the answer;", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00152-00070829-00071413": "termination of the source of an opposing idea is. That's not good. It's also a", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00153-00071413-00071774": "warning sign to others of what is appropriate and inappropriate to talk", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00154-00071774-00072214": "about, without ever actually discussing it and coming to their proper conclusion.", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00155-00072214-00072841": "Bending to that kind of coercion is only going to create more of it. And I", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00156-00072841-00073345": "passionately suggest that we do not do that. This approach to problem-solving in", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00157-00073345-00073835": "a society also prevents critical thinking, a necessity for individuation.", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00158-00073835-00074279": "Individuation is something that the  proponents of intersectionality and it's", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00159-00074279-00074800": "related ideologies seem intent on crushing. This is the same source of the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00160-00074800-00075202": "reasoning behind silencing offensive speech and concluding that a lack of", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00161-00075202-00075650": "offense is more valuable than the framework for peaceful negotiation in a", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00162-00075650-00076156": "society - speech. To be able to generate opposing thoughts is necessary to", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00163-00076156-00076720": "differentiate mentally from the whole. It is okay to think differently from others", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00164-00076720-00077198": "or to explore and then come back to your starting point. At least it used to be", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00165-00077198-00077458": "okay. Those who fear this explorative process", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00166-00077458-00077897": "want their ideas to be accepted rather than rationally settled. I was", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00167-00077897-00078289": "thinking about this and it reminded me of learning some mathematical equation and", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00168-00078289-00078575": "the teacher doesn't give you the proofs because it would take a really long time", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00169-00078575-00078877": "to go into. You don't really need to know it because it's been established over", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00170-00078877-00079432": "and over again. However, this isn't about passing exam and it's not about grasping", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00171-00079432-00079829": "the basics of a subject. It's about the moral decisions that we have developed", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00172-00079829-00080374": "in our societies and about changing long held axioms, such as the protection of", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00173-00080374-00080920": "individual rights over those of changing protected groups. Proofs are", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00174-00080920-00081283": "absolutely required. If you want to influence legislation but you would", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00175-00081283-00081688": "rather muzzle your opponent than debate them, then I don't think you should be", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00176-00081688-00082198": "talking. I think you should sit down. As many are learning these days and as", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00177-00082198-00082582": "a personal lesson for me, free speech can be suppressed through financial and", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00178-00082582-00083017": "platform censorship. The element of power when it comes to upholding values that", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00179-00083017-00083554": "we care about such as free speech has to be fully acknowledged. A can be said to", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00180-00083554-00084016": "have power over B if A has something that B wants. (I just learned about this", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00181-00084016-00084475": "in my Talent Management class, well how to define it.) If we want to reduce the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00182-00084475-00084973": "impact of platform censorship, we have to focus on power first. We must make it so", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00183-00084973-00085606": "that we as B no longer need or want what A has to offer. Then we don't have to be", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00184-00085606-00086005": "subject to their capriciousness. (I really want to use that word.) For this I", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00185-00086005-00086434": "am a crypto advocate and look to the long term potential of trustless systems of", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00186-00086434-00086968": "communication and finance. Financial giants such as PayPal and MasterCard are", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00187-00086968-00087409": "the silent actors behind many companies the platforming of users. And that is", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00188-00087409-00087790": "where the focus should be. But alternative payment platforms won't be", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00189-00087790-00088123": "created without the thinking that generates them. And they won't be", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00190-00088123-00088606": "supported or maintained or developed to the level of comfort and convenience that we", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00191-00088606-00089056": "want because of what we're used to if we don't have the necessary mental", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00192-00089056-00089623": "inclinations that value those things. We should also remember that the roles can", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00193-00089623-00090061": "reverse because we have the data, the dollars, and the numbers that these", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00194-00090061-00090559": "platforms want. My content, which people don't want to support, is me defining", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00195-00090559-00090988": "parts of myself, defining and thinking through my identity as I go through the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00196-00090988-00091441": "world, and thinking about my values as they play out in the political sphere. I", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00197-00091441-00091828": "began to question dominant ideas mostly because I moved from a different", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00198-00091828-00092278": "background from the one that I am in now. And I gave others the opportunity to hear", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00199-00092278-00092638": "a different perspective through my own personal confrontation with certain", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00200-00092638-00093025": "ideas. This is useful information for people to have because they can see the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00201-00093025-00093410": "effect of the society through my eyes and through the eyes of others", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00202-00093410-00093755": "think like me, or don't think like me but just want to share what they have to say.", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00203-00093755-00094205": "This gives feedback to people. When we're thinking about why there is suffering in", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00204-00094205-00094691": "the world or why there is inequality, we creates and ponder suggestions about", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00205-00094691-00095123": "what is working, what is not working, and why. I'm a source of feedback to our", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00206-00095123-00095444": "society. And you're a source of feedback to me when I give you my", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00207-00095444-00095852": "feedback. Should I not be able to share my thoughts with people just because", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00208-00095852-00096257": "it's a difficult conversation? And should other people not be able to think and", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00209-00096257-00096698": "realign or stay with and stick with their values because it's too difficult", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00210-00096698-00097124": "to talk about it? I want to talk about difficult topics. I want to confront", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00211-00097124-00097583": "things in my mind that are uncomfortable because I think they are important. And I", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00212-00097583-00098234": "am NOT the only person. Of utmost importance to everyone in today's", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00213-00098234-00098693": "society is that it's not just about the suppression of the thoughts of the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00214-00098693-00099113": "individual who is being silenced; it's also about the suppression of the minds", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00215-00099113-00099557": "of those who never get to hear their thoughts. It's about putting limitations", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00216-00099557-00100106": "on people. They are never able to explore and establish their own mental solutions", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00217-00100106-00100571": "and boundaries or stand on the mountain they created because they still feel the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00218-00100571-00101195": "same way about it. No one's mind should be kept in chains. And nobody but you are", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00219-00101195-00101786": "the owner of your thoughts. That's what I wanted to say. Thank you so much for", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00220-00101786-00102161": "watching. I'm gonna try and keep making videos whenever I can.", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00221-00102161-00102701": "I really missed making this content and I really missed your feedback. Happy", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00222-00102701-00103186": "Holidays. Season's Greetings. Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year.", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00223-00103186-00103673": "I bought these hat actually. Let me go get it. - They were all sold out and then", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00224-00103673-00104252": "this just doesn't fit on my head. And the bob is all gone. But I did this to try", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00225-00104252-00104659": "and bring some Christmas cheer into my video other than my lipstick. Don't", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00226-00104659-00104930": "forget to subscribe. Don't forget to donate at JustThinkingOutLoud.tv/donate.", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00227-00104930-00105380": "Please follow me on Twitter. And also check out all those", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00228-00105380-00105914": "alternative platforms. I will have links in the description. You can also read the", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00229-00105914-00106421": "text version of this video at JustThinkingOutLoud.tv. Thank you so much", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00230-00106421-00106739": "for listening or watching. Have a great day and have great", "6cicYDbiv7Y-00231-00106739-00106983": "holidays. Bye."}}, {"audio_id": "6crbFF0UgWY", "text": {"6crbFF0UgWY-00000-00006875-00013340": "Good morning, mr, master, master or simply", "6crbFF0UgWY-00001-00013340-00013880": "ooooooooooooooooooooor", "6crbFF0UgWY-00002-00013880-00014387": "simply, David, yes David, David, why not David, David Lynch?", "6crbFF0UgWY-00003-00014387-00014926": "It's January 4th, 2023 and it's a Wednesday.", "6crbFF0UgWY-00004-00014926-00015696": "Here in Naples a clear, clear afternoon, are already 12:30 p.m., very still right now,", "6crbFF0UgWY-00005-00015696-00016329": "60.8 fahrenheit 16 celsius and as you know this means that isn't for me that day really,", "6crbFF0UgWY-00006-00016329-00016984": "really, really, really cold like in these days and in this period because we're always", "6crbFF0UgWY-00007-00016984-00017084": "in", "6crbFF0UgWY-00008-00017084-00017597": "that beautiful average of the last period of this Autumn here that was in fact 16-17", "6crbFF0UgWY-00009-00017597-00017744": "celsius,", "6crbFF0UgWY-00010-00017744-00018454": "so we're continuing, we're continuing, beautiful with this great standard and hoping", "6crbFF0UgWY-00011-00018454-00019087": "always that we'll continue for other days I don't know, however well, well, very well,", "6crbFF0UgWY-00012-00019087-00019191": "very well.", "6crbFF0UgWY-00013-00019191-00020137": "Absolutely I repeat it doesn't seem like a Winter atmosphere at least for me.", "6crbFF0UgWY-00014-00020137-00020704": "Being already afternoon I think that the temperature at this point is this, I repeat once", "6crbFF0UgWY-00015-00020704-00021269": "again as I said just before 60.8 fahrenheit 16 celsius,", "6crbFF0UgWY-00016-00021269-00022739": "but the really important thing with this atmosphere today we have, today we have", "6crbFF0UgWY-00017-00022739-00023459": "thooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooose", "6crbFF0UgWY-00018-00023459-00024179": "beautiful", "6crbFF0UgWY-00019-00024179-00024545": "blue skies and golden sunshine and I think all along the way.", "6crbFF0UgWY-00020-00024545-00025187": "All along the way obviously as you know here less hours in comparison above all with the", "6crbFF0UgWY-00021-00025187-00025451": "American friends because we have a completely different schedule.", "6crbFF0UgWY-00022-00025451-00025758": "Well, so said this:", "6crbFF0UgWY-00023-00025758-00026350": "so from the mythical window with the gray courtain, new as you know since November 1st", "6crbFF0UgWY-00024-00026350-00026662": "and also with those beautiful painted branches,", "6crbFF0UgWY-00025-00026662-00027070": "and as regards the window its green roller shooter, not visible in this period and in", "6crbFF0UgWY-00026-00027070-00027170": "fact here", "6crbFF0UgWY-00027-00027170-00027589": "in the shot", "6crbFF0UgWY-00028-00027589-00029217": "and finally from my mythical keyboard Yamaha DGX640 YPG, YPG-625", "6crbFF0UgWY-00029-00029517-00029905": "Have a great day to him, all the people who follow the channel and the Reports, yes", "6crbFF0UgWY-00030-00029905-00030319": "really a greeting to everyone, also to my brother and finally I hope you all have a", "6crbFF0UgWY-00031-00030319-00030419": "great", "6crbFF0UgWY-00032-00030419-00030519": "breakfast.", "6crbFF0UgWY-00033-00030519-00030981": "I'll do it as soon, I'm really hungry and as we always say:", "6crbFF0UgWY-00034-00030981-00033119": "Breakfast is always one of the most beautiful things in life and in the world, absolutely.", "6crbFF0UgWY-00035-00033119-00033447": "I'll see you in the Today's UFO Plate is...?", "6crbFF0UgWY-00036-00033447-00033822": "video because as you know it's a Wednesday.", "6crbFF0UgWY-00037-00033822-00034168": "\"Today's UFO Plate is...?\""}}, {"audio_id": "6cuyphhAJ6A", "text": {"6cuyphhAJ6A-00000-00000824-00001248": "so syscall how does it work", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00001-00001063-00001432": "well first thing that happens when you", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00002-00001248-00001672": "issue the syscall assembly instruction", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00003-00001432-00001800": "is that it saves the rip of the address", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00004-00001672-00001919": "after the syscall", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00005-00001800-00002168": "which is basically the place you're", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00006-00001919-00002351": "going to return to into rcx", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00007-00002168-00002511": "so it's not pushing on the stack saves", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00008-00002351-00002632": "it into this register", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00009-00002511-00002848": "and the kernel is going to be", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00010-00002632-00002943": "responsible for you know using that to", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00011-00002848-00003264": "get back to the", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00012-00002943-00003520": "rip it then changes the rip", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00013-00003264-00003607": "for kernelspace into a value that is", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00014-00003520-00003864": "stored in this", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00015-00003607-00004055": "msr now again remember that msrs can", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00016-00003864-00004232": "only be written by ring 0 so", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00017-00004055-00004384": "no danger there of the attacker just", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00018-00004232-00004560": "pointing this somewhere else unless they", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00019-00004384-00004952": "already have ring 0", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00020-00004560-00005239": "so that msr holds the kernel's rip value", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00021-00004952-00005376": "then it saves off rflags into the r11", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00022-00005239-00005576": "register", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00023-00005376-00005768": "and then an interesting little bit of", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00024-00005576-00006103": "configuration happens here", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00025-00005768-00006287": "the rflags register will be masked", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00026-00006103-00006647": "against this ia32", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00027-00006287-00006984": "fmask msr and so any bit that is set to", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00028-00006647-00007200": "1 in this msr will be cleared", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00029-00006984-00007368": "in the rflags at the time that it gets", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00030-00007200-00007543": "into kernelspace", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00031-00007368-00007711": "so it's not just anding it's not just", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00032-00007543-00008040": "oring it's more like", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00033-00007711-00008240": "you take ia32 fmask invert it so every", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00034-00008040-00008352": "1 becomes a 0 every 0 becomes", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00035-00008240-00008568": "1", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00036-00008352-00008672": "and then you and the rflags with the", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00037-00008568-00008815": "inverted value", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00038-00008672-00008975": "so that it essentially clears all the", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00039-00008815-00009152": "bits that were said to be cleared in the", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00040-00008975-00009432": "fmask", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00041-00009152-00009488": "furthermore it's going to load the cs", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00042-00009432-00009847": "value", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00043-00009488-00010239": "for kernelspace with a value from ia32", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00044-00009847-00010543": "star bits 47 to 32", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00045-00010239-00010879": "and then ss is going to just be cs", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00046-00010543-00011039": "plus 8 so if these bits basically", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00047-00010879-00011224": "they're you know cs it's a segment", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00048-00011039-00011568": "selector type value", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00049-00011224-00011600": "so if these bits were 0 then ss would", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00050-00011568-00011807": "be", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00051-00011600-00011943": "8 if these bits were 8 then ss", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00052-00011807-00012143": "would be 16", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00053-00011943-00012352": "and regardless of what the value is it", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00054-00012143-00012520": "would still always be interpreted as a", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00055-00012352-00012800": "segment selector as we've seen in the", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00056-00012520-00013016": "past and you know all of this goop", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00057-00012800-00013128": "is why it's actually easier to just read", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00058-00013016-00013287": "the manuals", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00059-00013128-00013431": "operation pseudocode which we'll", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00060-00013287-00013584": "actually see in a little bit here", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00061-00013431-00013719": "to really understand what's going on", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00062-00013584-00014104": "because these type of assembly", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00063-00013719-00014295": "instructions are extremely complicated", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00064-00014104-00014456": "now an interesting thing is that", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00065-00014295-00014784": "normally you would expect that", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00066-00014456-00015095": "you know rip and cs would combine", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00067-00014784-00015319": "with rsp and ss in order to say you know", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00068-00015095-00015528": "where's my new code where's my new stack", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00069-00015319-00015768": "and so while it does define a stack", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00070-00015528-00016063": "segment here it doesn't actually", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00071-00015768-00016216": "define a way that rsp is saved so it's", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00072-00016063-00016440": "ultimately up to either", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00073-00016216-00016664": "userspace side before it gets into", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00074-00016440-00016736": "kernel or kernel side after it gets into", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00075-00016664-00016976": "kernel", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00076-00016736-00017072": "to save the rsp and make sure that it", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00077-00016976-00017256": "gets restored", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00078-00017072-00017431": "again if the kernel saves it kernel", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00079-00017256-00017744": "should restore it when userspace saves", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00080-00017431-00018008": "it userspace should restore it", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00081-00017744-00018128": "all right now that's paired with the", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00082-00018008-00018400": "sysret system", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00083-00018128-00018544": "return system call return so what does", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00084-00018400-00018712": "that do well it has to do kind of the", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00085-00018544-00018920": "inverse of the syscall of course", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00086-00018712-00019048": "so the rip is going to be restored from", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00087-00018920-00019223": "rcx so", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00088-00019048-00019384": "you know the the kernel side needs to", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00089-00019223-00019600": "make sure that it if it", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00090-00019384-00019744": "if it used rcx for something else", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00091-00019600-00019944": "anytime in kernelspace", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00092-00019744-00020144": "it better put it back to the rip of", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00093-00019944-00020280": "after after the syscall so that it can", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00094-00020144-00020456": "get back there", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00095-00020280-00020695": "the rflags is going to be restored from", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00096-00020456-00020840": "r11 so all that bit masking and stuff", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00097-00020695-00021056": "that happened doesn't matter because the", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00098-00020840-00021231": "original value got stored to r11 so it", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00099-00021056-00021551": "can just put it back", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00100-00021231-00021864": "the cs gets set to a value in", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00101-00021551-00022192": "this ia32 star register bits", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00102-00021864-00022336": "63 to 48 so those are not the same bits", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00103-00022192-00022687": "the previous one was", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00104-00022336-00022904": "47 to 32 so this is 63 to 48", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00105-00022687-00023048": "and then it takes that value and it just", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00106-00022904-00023176": "adds 16 to it so", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00107-00023048-00023376": "again it's going to just kind of", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00108-00023176-00023672": "increment it up so that it's effectively", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00109-00023376-00023831": "moving the index within the GDT", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00110-00023672-00024015": "and I'll show a sort of visualization of", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00111-00023831-00024343": "that in a second", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00112-00024015-00024672": "ss on the other hand gets i32 star", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00113-00024343-00024928": "bits 63 through 48 so same bits but", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00114-00024672-00025000": "8 is added instead of 16 so", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00115-00024928-00025408": "basically", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00116-00025000-00025751": "the ss is going to be below the", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00117-00025408-00025904": "code segment and again whichever side of", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00118-00025751-00026112": "kernel/user space", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00119-00025904-00026304": "saved off the rsp is responsible for now", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00120-00026112-00026544": "restoring it", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00121-00026304-00026680": "so syscall and sysret are another thing", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00122-00026544-00026983": "that is perfectly balanced", "6cuyphhAJ6A-00123-00026680-00026983": "as all things should be"}}, {"audio_id": "6cEWqxI2tE8", "text": {"6cEWqxI2tE8-00000-00000007-00000179": "When a speedy bus stops suddenly, why does it slip a bit forward?", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00001-00000179-00000341": "There are two reasons why a bus may skid on the roads, firstly due to high speed and secondly,", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00002-00000341-00000441": "when the friction between the tire and the road has been reduced due to oil leakages", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00003-00000441-00000541": "from other vehicles, natural weather conditions like snow or due to wear and tear of the tires.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00004-00000541-00000641": "Lets discuss every possibility separately;", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00005-00000641-00000741": "Skidding due to high speed: Buses are of 3 types, mini, midi and coaches.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00006-00000741-00000841": "The minibuses seat up to 15 passengers, midi has 16 to 29 seats and coaches can comfortably", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00007-00000841-00000941": "seat up to 60 people.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00008-00000941-00001041": "Irrespective of their size, every bus weighs more than a tonne i.e. more than 1000 kgs", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00009-00001041-00001141": "or 2200 lbs.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00010-00001141-00001241": "For example the average weight of a minibus can be between 3 to 5 tonnes, depending of", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00011-00001241-00001341": "the number of features and equipment in the vehicle.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00012-00001341-00001441": "Midi and coaches will obviously weigh more due to their larger size.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00013-00001441-00001541": "Moreover, 15 passengers can easily add another ton of weight to the bus with their luggage", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00014-00001541-00001641": "included.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00015-00001641-00001741": "The total weight of a fully occupied minibus can go up to 6 tonnes.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00016-00001741-00001841": "Lets, re-imagine the bus as a rectangular box that weighs approximately 6 tonnes.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00017-00001841-00001941": "If this box had 4 tires and was speeding down the highway, then its weight would start gathering", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00018-00001941-00002041": "momentum due to the gravitational pull of the earth.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00019-00002041-00002141": "To understand this concept, you need to understand the difference between potential energy and", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00020-00002141-00002241": "kinetic energy.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00021-00002241-00002341": "When a bus is stationary, it has the potential to move forward even when its not moving forward,", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00022-00002341-00002441": "this is called as potential energy.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00023-00002441-00002541": "When the engine is turned on and the bus physically starts moving forward, then its potential", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00024-00002541-00002641": "energy is converted into kinetic energy.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00025-00002641-00002741": "As the speed increases, its kinetic energy increases too.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00026-00002741-00002841": "This is the mathematical formula to calculate the kinetic energy of a moving bus.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00027-00002841-00002941": "Kinetic Energy = 1/2 x M x V x V where, M = mass or weight", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00028-00002941-00003041": "V = speed of velocity", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00029-00003041-00003141": "So when this huge rectangular box of 6 tonnes, starts moving on the road at high speeds,", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00030-00003141-00003241": "its kinetic energy keeps increasing.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00031-00003241-00003341": "An increase in the value of V(speed or velocity) automatically increases the overall kinetic", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00032-00003341-00003441": "energy of the vehicle.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00033-00003441-00003541": "Its impossible to stop such a huge load of mass with tremendous kinetic energy almost", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00034-00003541-00003641": "immediately.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00035-00003641-00003741": "Because as the box gathers speed, its entire body weight gathers momentum in the forward", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00036-00003741-00003841": "direction.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00037-00003841-00003941": "As the speed keeps increasing, the rectangular box acquires more and more kinetic energy", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00038-00003941-00004041": "and becomes a force that is moving in the forward direction.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00039-00004041-00004141": "This force is pushing the entire bus, its passengers, equipment and luggage in the forward", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00040-00004141-00004241": "direction.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00041-00004241-00004341": "Everything and everybody inside the bus is being pushed in the forward direction by this", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00042-00004341-00004441": "force.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00043-00004441-00004541": "Anything smaller in size and lighter in weight that blocks the forward path of this force", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00044-00004541-00004641": "will get crushed and go straight under the bus.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00045-00004641-00004741": "So when you apply brakes suddenly, even when the tires have stopped rolling, the bus will", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00046-00004741-00004841": "continue to move in the forward direction until its acquired energies have been exhausted", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00047-00004841-00004941": "and the pushing force has disappeared.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00048-00004941-00005041": "When the energy(kinetic) is reduce to zero, the forward pushing force will automatically", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00049-00005041-00005141": "be reduced to zero.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00050-00005141-00005241": "Its important to make the kinetic energy zero to halt the bus.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00051-00005241-00005341": "From the above formula we know that kinetic energy is the product of mass and velocity.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00052-00005341-00005441": "In simpler terms a product of weight and speed.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00053-00005441-00005541": "The weight cannot be reduced to zero, hence the speed should be reduced to zero to halt", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00054-00005541-00005641": "the bus, which can be achieved by applying brakes and turning off the engine.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00055-00005641-00005741": "Now we come to the answer of the question.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00056-00005741-00005841": "The V also called as speed has to be reduced to zero the kinetic energy of the bus.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00057-00005841-00005941": "When this happens the bus will halt.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00058-00005941-00006041": "But there is no way to reduce the speed from 80 miles per hour to zero almost instantly.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00059-00006041-00006141": "When the brakes are applied the speed will gradually decrease from 80 to 70 then 60,", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00060-00006141-00006241": "50, 40, 25, 12, 5 miles per hour and then finally to zero.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00061-00006241-00006341": "So even when the tires have stopped rolling, it is the speed that is taking time to come", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00062-00006341-00006441": "down to zero.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00063-00006441-00006541": "Speed has a natural tendency to come down gradually, not instantly.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00064-00006541-00006641": "When the speed is reduce to zero its kinetic energy will become zero too and the forward", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00065-00006641-00006741": "pushing force will disappear, thus stopping the bus.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00066-00006741-00006841": "For example, when the bus is operating at a top speed of 80 miles per hour, its kinetic", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00067-00006841-00006941": "energy according to the above formula will be approximately 19,200 Kilo Joules(KJ).", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00068-00006941-00007041": "As the speed reduces gradually from 80 miles per hour towards 0, its kinetic energy or", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00069-00007041-00007141": "acquired energy too reduces from 19,200 KJ towards 0.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00070-00007141-00007241": "The time taken by speed to gradually reduce to 0, determines the time its kinetic energies", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00071-00007241-00007341": "will take to get exhausted.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00072-00007341-00007441": "They in turn determine how long the forward pushing force will take to completely disappear.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00073-00007441-00007541": "So if the speed takes 4 seconds to be reduced to 0 from 80.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00074-00007541-00007641": "Then the kinetic energy will also take 4 seconds to be reduced to 0.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00075-00007641-00007741": "And the forward pushing force too will take 4 seconds to completely disappear.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00076-00007741-00007841": "Thus, when the brakes are applied, the bus will continue to skid forward for 4 seconds", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00077-00007841-00007941": "until its speed and energy is 0.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00078-00007941-00008041": "The above figures are for explanation purposes only, in reality they can vary drastically.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00079-00008041-00008141": "Bus drivers are trained to drive the vehicle within safe limits so that they can be stopped", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00080-00008141-00008241": "instantly.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00081-00008241-00008341": "When the bus is riding at speeds within safety limits, it stops almost instantly but they", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00082-00008341-00008441": "skid only when the safe speed limits have been breached and increased.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00083-00008441-00008541": "Skidding due to spilled oil and natural weather conditions:", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00084-00008541-00008641": "Bus tires are designed in a way that they stick to the roads.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00085-00008641-00008741": "Friction causes the tires to stick to the roads.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00086-00008741-00008841": "When the amount of friction is lowered than the normal amount, the bus starts to skid.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00087-00008841-00008941": "This can be due to foreign substances coming between the tire and the road.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00088-00008941-00009041": "Some of the most common substances that reduces this friction is oil spilled by other vehicles,", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00089-00009041-00009141": "snow, dust, mud etc.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00090-00009141-00009241": "The driver should be careful and reduce the vehicles speed to make sure it does not skid.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00091-00009241-00009341": "Because skidding can cause accidents and be injurious to passengers on board as well as", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00092-00009341-00009441": "pedestrians and other road users.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00093-00009441-00009541": "Worn out Tires and hydroplaning: People may think water is not harmful to vehicle", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00094-00009541-00009641": "drivers.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00095-00009641-00009741": "This may be true to a certain extent but if the tires are worn out then even water becomes", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00096-00009741-00009841": "dangerous for the vehicle.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00097-00009841-00009941": "So, what are worn out tires?", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00098-00009941-00010041": "Tires are specially designed to have gaps or channels on them.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00099-00010041-00010141": "These gaps are called as treads which tend to wear out over a period of time.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00100-00010141-00010241": "The primary purpose of these treads to help the tire maintain a firm grip on the road.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00101-00010241-00010341": "They even push water way thus maintaining constant contact with the road.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00102-00010341-00010441": "When these treads get worn out, they are not able to push water away and let it come between", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00103-00010441-00010541": "the tire and the road, this phenomenon is called as hydroplaning and can be dangerous", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00104-00010541-00010641": "to safety of the vehicle.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00105-00010641-00010741": "Chances are high the bus might start skidding in this case because of the lowered friction", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00106-00010741-00010841": "with the road.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00107-00010841-00010941": "Bus and other vehicle owners are advised to check their tires every month to make sure", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00108-00010941-00011041": "they are safe for driving.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00109-00011041-00011141": "Almost 26% of vehicle accidents in the USA are attributed to smooth and worn out tires.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00110-00011141-00011241": "Many people buy used buses for sale to meet their personal and organization group transportation", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00111-00011241-00011341": "requirements.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00112-00011341-00011441": "They prefer second hand buses over their newer counter parts because they are affordable", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00113-00011441-00011541": "to purchase.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00114-00011541-00011641": "The used bus market has been growing by leaps and bounds in the USA recently.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00115-00011641-00011741": "But, people should remember that used buses have been on the road for up to a decade.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00116-00011741-00011841": "These vehicles have already gone through a lot of wear and tear and so have their tires.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00117-00011841-00011941": "Failure in this part of the bus can potentially cause loss of life and injury to people on", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00118-00011941-00012041": "board and those on the road.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00119-00012041-00012141": "Buyers should always opt to purchase fully reconditioned used buses for sale rather than", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00120-00012141-00012241": "those that are being sold as is by one time sellers.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00121-00012241-00012341": "This ensures the bus is in top condition and ready to hit the road once again.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00122-00012341-00012441": "Purchasers dont have to go through the tedious task of fixing a bus after the transaction", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00123-00012441-00012541": "is complete.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00124-00012541-00012641": "With reconditioned used buses, they can start driving immediate once the vehicle has been", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00125-00012641-00012741": "delivered to their site.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00126-00012741-00012841": "Moreover, if they buy a 15 seater bus for sale then they can use it with a regular license", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00127-00012841-00012941": "because commercial license is not required to operate a small bus.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00128-00012941-00013041": "If you are searching for a bus to solve your group transportation needs, and dont know", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00129-00013041-00013141": "where to get started, then contact Major Vehicle Exchange by visiting our website.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00130-00013141-00013241": "We have more than 45 reconditioned used buses for sale in stock ready for delivery across", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00131-00013241-00013341": "the USA.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00132-00013341-00013441": "Choose the vehicles that have been listed on our website and give us a call during normal", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00133-00013441-00013541": "business hours and we will surely assist you not only in buying the bus but throughout", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00134-00013541-00013641": "the ownership process.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00135-00013641-00013741": "We have been in business for 35 years due to the thousands of happy and satisfied customers", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00136-00013741-00013841": "customers across the United States.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00137-00013841-00013941": "Our customers always come back for more and repeat sales plays a very important role in", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00138-00013941-00014041": "the overall success of our enterprise.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00139-00014041-00014141": "Contact us today and we will do our best to get a used bus for sale that fits your needs", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00140-00014141-00014241": "100%.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00141-00014241-00014341": "https://www.quora.com/When-a-speedy-bus-stops-suddenly-why-does-it-slip-a-bit-forward/answer/Charles-Kaufman-8", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00142-00014341-00014441": "used buses for sale, group transportation, second hand buses, used bus market, USA, used", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00143-00014441-00014541": "buses, reconditioned used buses for sale, reconditioned used buses, 15 seater bus for", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00144-00014541-00014641": "sale, Non CDL bus for sale, Small Bus For Sale, Major Vehicle Exchange, buying buses,", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00145-00014641-00014741": "United States, used bus for sale.", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00146-00014741-00014841": "#used #buses #forsale #group #transportation #secondhand #bus #market #USA #reconditioned", "6cEWqxI2tE8-00147-00014841-00014842": "#sale #busforsale #CDL #SmallBus #Sales #MajorVehicleExchange #buying #UnitedStates"}}, {"audio_id": "6cWWXZkiaLA", "text": {"6cWWXZkiaLA-00000-00001240-00001592": "foreign", "6cWWXZkiaLA-00001-00001752-00002984": "acne", "6cWWXZkiaLA-00002-00004200-00004384": "oh my god", "6cWWXZkiaLA-00003-00005208-00005784": "look up this guy look at this guy up in the house", "6cWWXZkiaLA-00004-00006904-00007184": "too far away", "6cWWXZkiaLA-00005-00008360-00009984": "look look look look three shooting three of them", "6cWWXZkiaLA-00006-00010688-00011384": "you don't get the chance to kill to kill me and born in one line", "6cWWXZkiaLA-00007-00012264-00012376": "one from there and", "6cWWXZkiaLA-00008-00013568-00014184": "oh he don't die", "6cWWXZkiaLA-00009-00015936-00016984": "i hope we make", "6cWWXZkiaLA-00010-00017520-00018384": "foreign", "6cWWXZkiaLA-00011-00020544-00021184": "buffoon", "6cWWXZkiaLA-00012-00022392-00022400": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "6ddFTwmN7ZY", "text": {"6ddFTwmN7ZY-00000-00000000-00001740": "Sakura Ep 07.04.23🌸", "6ddFTwmN7ZY-00001-00001740-00004461": "💰 Purchase this beat👇🏾", "6ddFTwmN7ZY-00002-00004461-00019071": "My Spotify❤👇🏾"}}, {"audio_id": "6doGFT6Ejio", "text": {"6doGFT6Ejio-00000-00000000-00000200": "78."}}, {"audio_id": "6ex-2T76va4", "text": {"6ex-2T76va4-00000-00000072-00000204": "foreign", "6ex-2T76va4-00001-00000204-00000342": "[Music] Im Michal Kali Griks from Tantra", "6ex-2T76va4-00002-00000342-00002436": "Movement for those who don't know me to understand fully my words you may have to finish 21 and 49", "6ex-2T76va4-00003-00002436-00003288": "the challenge yourself from running on desires and transform from typical sex into sacred sexuality", "6ex-2T76va4-00004-00003288-00004092": "however a wish you may get the Glimpse that will encourage you to do this what I just said", "6ex-2T76va4-00005-00004266-00005178": "it's going to be about loving better and doing it how here it is about love the biggest power", "6ex-2T76va4-00006-00005178-00006102": "in the universe learn how to harness this how to use efficiently not only for yourself but for most", "6ex-2T76va4-00007-00006156-00007038": "for your path and then it is spreaded with your both beautiful energies to all universe", "6ex-2T76va4-00008-00007181-00007944": "love sexuality learn mastery that you will not lose energy after average 7 minutes", "6ex-2T76va4-00009-00008058-00008796": "experience keep on living with hours of Love Making without ever intentionally losing", "6ex-2T76va4-00010-00008796-00009654": "energy anymore free yourself from running on desires they are much better tantric orgasm in", "6ex-2T76va4-00011-00009654-00010308": "rewards through sex we are creating babies could you imagine creating this energy for", "6ex-2T76va4-00012-00010308-00011070": "hours instead of minutes and transforming it when you choose not to have babies into love", "6ex-2T76va4-00013-00011070-00011892": "transforming into love creativity more pleasure self-esteem intelligence better communication", "6ex-2T76va4-00014-00011970-00012750": "understanding or into passion you are not physical baby but dreams becoming true this", "6ex-2T76va4-00015-00012828-00013541": "Tantra Sex Magic The Power of Love Like Love make more there is no something more powerful", "6ex-2T76va4-00016-00013541-00014334": "spiritual therapeutic and better for you your relationship and Humanity than tantric lovemaking", "6ex-2T76va4-00017-00014394-00015174": "no meditation no yoga no are you ask nothing could be so lovely powerful and efficiently", "6ex-2T76va4-00018-00015174-00015960": "healing that love making prove me that I'm wrong if you everything imagine that you are one million", "6ex-2T76va4-00019-00016062-00016908": "and your partner is another one million in Tantra it's not only adding ourselves to each other", "6ex-2T76va4-00020-00016992-00017838": "that one million plus one million is two millions yes in Tantra multiply is a small word", "6ex-2T76va4-00021-00017934-00018894": "for what you may experience multiply 1 million with 1 million it will give you one billion", "6ex-2T76va4-00022-00018894-00019512": "Tantra multiplying is small works for what you may experience you increase an experience of", "6ex-2T76va4-00023-00019512-00020700": "Love on all levels pleasure excess healing Joy Liberation happiness connection I'm in it 15 years", "6ex-2T76va4-00024-00020826-00021720": "leaving it every day choosing or being chosen as my life passion do you think I ever got", "6ex-2T76va4-00025-00021720-00022638": "bored again and again I'm surprised with another next higher blowing my mind orgasm experience of", "6ex-2T76va4-00026-00022638-00023538": "ever higher happiness growing higher in love and expanding in ecstasy it's like never-ending story", "6ex-2T76va4-00027-00023814-00023976": "one of the most beautiful things", "6ex-2T76va4-00028-00024150-00024900": "is that you are not chasing it not running on desires to achieve it this is the past", "6ex-2T76va4-00029-00025152-00025860": "when you are always satisfied how you would not be after hours of love making", "6ex-2T76va4-00030-00026010-00026964": "when you see your beloved eyes full of love ecstasy Joy Bliss and gratitude these moment", "6ex-2T76va4-00031-00027180-00028158": "when you make more love are more fulfilling your life so make more love because nothing", "6ex-2T76va4-00032-00028158-00028776": "connects you and your lover when you're both seeing those Blissful eyes more than this", "6ex-2T76va4-00033-00028872-00029814": "as much as I love never-ending tantric orgasms those elements of it it's one of the best heaven", "6ex-2T76va4-00034-00029814-00030762": "on Earth I ever experienced and you like me every day can have it almost every day sometimes even", "6ex-2T76va4-00035-00030762-00031536": "few times a day nothing is fulfilling us with more love self-esteem passion ecstasy and Bliss", "6ex-2T76va4-00036-00031614-00032316": "it's overflowing so much that no other than I have such strong passion to share that love I know", "6ex-2T76va4-00037-00032400-00033390": "what I'm talking about be proud of yourself now and always make more love if any doubts", "6ex-2T76va4-00038-00033492-00034272": "best therapy for you your partner and your relationship I know deep in my heart that", "6ex-2T76va4-00039-00034272-00035028": "when we make love in tantric way we not only heal liberate and nourish ourselves I know we", "6ex-2T76va4-00040-00035028-00035724": "heal the past present in the future generation all Humanity Mother Earth and the universe", "6ex-2T76va4-00041-00035892-00036450": "it's like people meditating bringing peace did you heard about these actions when a lot of people", "6ex-2T76va4-00042-00036450-00037278": "together in the same time meditate for peace it really works could you imagine how much love we", "6ex-2T76va4-00043-00037278-00038034": "could multiply when we make love in tantric way in the same time all over the world Let's", "6ex-2T76va4-00044-00038034-00039054": "Make Love Not War let's make it for now without timeline just today after watching this video", "6ex-2T76va4-00045-00039108-00040194": "make more love soon keep your eyes open for a bigger Global Action Real Love ocean it's now", "6ex-2T76va4-00046-00040368-00041128": "thank you for your attention just do it love more love more I hope [Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "6e-ub7UZlYA", "text": {"6e-ub7UZlYA-00000-00000056-00000448": "It's often stated that the current water crisis is a crisis of water", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00001-00000448-00001072": "governance that means that many of the water challenges that we face today cannot be solved", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00002-00001072-00001632": "by technical means only but call for new approaches of managing and governing water.", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00003-00001632-00002248": "It also reflects the fact that many challenges are related to different and often competing", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00004-00002248-00002600": "interests and needs by different water users and stakeholders,", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00005-00002600-00003000": "for example from different sectors or between countries.", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00006-00003000-00003392": "So how can we best craft solutions and make decisions on water that", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00007-00003392-00004064": "are not only environmentally sustainable and technically feasible but also just and fair,", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00008-00004064-00004432": "meaning they take these different interests and needs into account", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00009-00004488-00005080": "and how can we make sure that it's not only the voices of the most powerful actors that are heard", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00010-00005080-00005440": "but also those of the more marginalized and poorer ones.", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00011-00005440-00005688": "These are the questions that we address in the Governance", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00012-00005688-00005888": "and Management profile of the master programme.", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00013-00005944-00006344": "We look at them from different perspectives, for example law,", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00014-00006344-00007200": "economics, integrated water resources management or policy analysis and strategic planning.", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00015-00007200-00007752": "When following a Governance and Management profile either within one track or across tracks", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00016-00007752-00008232": "by choosing certain modules or by focusing on it in your research part", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00017-00008232-00008904": "you can focus on specific tools like participatory management, modeling or conflict resolution", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00018-00008968-00009312": "or learn about advocacy and organizational change.", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00019-00009384-00009736": "These provide different but complementary angles", "6e-ub7UZlYA-00020-00009736-00011160": "to achieve more integrated management and more inclusive governance of water."}}, {"audio_id": "6eGq18nxa98", "text": {"6eGq18nxa98-00000-00022000-00022350": "I am the voice of Knight Industries Two Thousand, you can call me K.I.T.T. if you prefer"}}, {"audio_id": "6eMtt5G1KDu", "text": {"6eMtt5G1KDu-00000-00000064-00000300": "hello, and welcome to working with Big Data Part 2", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00001-00000361-00000890": "So now we have our big data set and we've gone through some tips and tricks for selecting it and viewing it and whatnot so", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00002-00000901-00001101": "Now we're going to do something called", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00003-00001141-00001341": "making a table in excel", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00004-00001357-00001757": "So what we're going to first do is select the data set and I have that my split panes here", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00005-00001757-00002072": "So it's really easy to do it. I select the upper left hand corner hold shift", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00006-00002125-00002475": "Select the lower right hand corner, and you can see all of my data sets", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00007-00002601-00002849": "Selected because I have the split pane right in the middle here", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00008-00002943-00003182": "So now what I'm going to go ahead and do is go to insert", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00009-00003292-00003492": "Table", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00010-00003529-00004007": "So my table has headers you can see the first row of the table has headers", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00011-00004029-00004259": "So we're going to keep that checked and hit ok", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00012-00004384-00005063": "So first off it. It does a really nice formatting job. I like that a lot and secondly", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00013-00005064-00005616": "It allows you to do some powerful things. So first, what if I wanted to see", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00014-00005692-00005964": "What kind of days my solar power was the highest?", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00015-00006046-00006246": "So what I can do is I can sort", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00016-00006301-00006501": "largest to smallest", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00017-00006517-00007295": "And what that does is it shows that Jun 22nd, July 1st and May 10th are my top three solar power days.", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00018-00007440-00007640": "So that's great. I can also", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00019-00007686-00008198": "Sort by any of the other things so I could sort by temperature maybe I want to know when my highest temperature was", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00020-00008296-00008496": "so Arizona gets pretty darn hot", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00021-00008557-00009308": "So and that's great. So now I have an idea of where my highest temperature is and whatnot so", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00022-00009411-00009854": "So that's really good. So the other thing we can do is we can filter these things", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00023-00009897-00010346": "So maybe I want to filter only the days where it's higher than 105 in Arizona", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00024-00010422-00010670": "so if I go by number of filters here and", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00025-00010768-00010968": "I say greater than", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00026-00011040-00011549": "I'll just say 105 and we'll get to the end and or stuff later, but right now", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00027-00011550-00012002": "We're just going to show rows where temperature is greater than 105", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00028-00012114-00012314": "So you can see that gives us", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00029-00012670-00013344": "311 Rows and the Blue numbers mean that it's filtered so that's what the blue numbers are saying to us", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00030-00013687-00013887": "So it shows us", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00031-00013891-00014166": "you know those rows that appear with", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00032-00014278-00014478": "temperatures greater than 105", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00033-00014503-00014901": "Okay, so that's great. Now what I'm wondering is,", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00034-00015115-00015347": "let's see what the solar panel power", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00035-00015358-00015830": "Let's say we want it to be really hot and we want the solar power to be pretty high too", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00036-00015831-00016185": "So let's say over 900 so I can also do this", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00037-00016263-00016464": "greater than", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00038-00016837-00017032": "So now it's showing us", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00039-00017032-00017483": "the two filters it's showing us where solar power is very high and", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00040-00017542-00017742": "the temperature is very high and", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00041-00017809-00018021": "You can sort of see what's nice about this, too", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00042-00018021-00018515": "it does split panes, it freezes the first row for you already", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00043-00018516-00018703": "So when you scroll down it's frozen", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00044-00018703-00019377": "And even has this little filter button where it shows you that filters are on the temperature and are in the solar power", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00045-00019498-00019715": "So this is great so we can do a lot of different things", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00046-00019861-00020505": "With this we can also remove duplicates, so this might be good if you're looking at, for example", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00047-00020505-00021089": "I look at student Data all the time and maybe I have students duplicated so I can remove the duplicates there", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00048-00021193-00021552": "but the sorting and filtering is probably what you'll use most and", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00049-00021634-00022323": "you can also, maybe you only have a couple different values down here you can also Sort by value by just unchecking", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00050-00022323-00022523": "Or checking these boxes", "6eMtt5G1KDu-00051-00022594-00023238": "So that's the basics of tables. Tables are really nice because it allows you a good way to sort and filter. Thanks for watching"}}, {"audio_id": "6eZUNnqlgcg", "text": {"6eZUNnqlgcg-00000-00000000-00000484": "In the US and the UK and for a lot of other countries for which we have data on giving, one of the things that we know", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00001-00000484-00000965": "is that giving as a percentage of GDP has been pretty static for,", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00002-00000965-00001335": "you know, the best part of living memory. And indeed,", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00003-00001335-00001861": "if you look to the US where they've been tracking giving for rather longer and arguably a little bit", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00004-00001861-00002228": "more robustly than we achieve here in the UK. What you see is that it's been pretty much", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00005-00002228-00002692": "hovering around 2%. Here in the UK it's a little  bit lower 0.7, 0.8, maybe", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00006-00002692-00003282": "1% if we're lucky and it's been stuck at that kind of level since", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00007-00003282-00003614": "records began. And so one of the big challenges really is", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00008-00003614-00004009": "thinking about how we can perhaps encourage people to", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00009-00004009-00004364": "give away a larger share of their wallet.", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00010-00004364-00005044": "And what this centres around is thinking about ways in which we can grow philanthropy", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00011-00005044-00005428": "but grow it in a way that enhances how good people feel about their support of our", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00012-00005428-00005757": "organisations. And over the", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00013-00005757-00006098": "years there have been a number of different kind of initiatives set", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00014-00006098-00006501": "up on both sides of the Atlantic to try and achieve that.", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00015-00006501-00007201": "And Adam Meyerson here from the Philanthropy Round Table noted a few years ago that in order to do that maybe we need to capture the philanthropic imagination", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00016-00007334-00008034": "of in this case the American people. What did we try? Well, we know what doesn't work. There have been several opportunities over the last", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00017-00008038-00008356": "few years where organisations have come  up with these arbitrary benchmarks. Maybe we  should", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00018-00008356-00008889": "give away 1% or half a per cent or 2% and kind of a review of those things says well,", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00019-00008889-00009243": "actually they didn't work very well. In fact, the things that we tried to do", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00020-00009243-00009579": "with corporate giving in the UK haven't worked at all well.", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00021-00009579-00009993": "Arbitrary benchmarks, by and large are one way of not achieving growth in philanthropy.", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00022-00009993-00010378": "Equally, having a scolding model and pointing out to people what they should do", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00023-00010378-00010838": "doesn't work either and the biggest initiative", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00024-00010838-00011304": "I was able to find there was the Independent Sector's \"Give Five\" campaign", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00025-00011304-00011721": "which actually got a fair amount of attraction in terms of foundations that were willing to pump money in to it,", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00026-00011721-00012159": "and local groups kind of getting behind it but actually ultimately didn't grow giving and maybe part of that was the kind of naff Give Five slogan they have at the bottom there.", "6eZUNnqlgcg-00027-00012159-00012314": "It doesn't work."}}, {"audio_id": "6f6K7ySAbUk", "text": {"6f6K7ySAbUk-00000-00000293-00000530": "One year ago, a group of six kids", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00001-00000530-00000730": "came together to make a video", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00002-00000730-00000840": "for Better Speech and Hearing Month.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00003-00000840-00001141": "We tried to think of a Jonas Brothers song.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00004-00001274-00001491": "When you look me in the ears...", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00005-00001491-00001655": "No!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00006-00001678-00001878": "Well, I've been to the Ear 3000...", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00007-00002045-00002198": "No!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00008-00002198-00002509": "Turn your implants up louder...", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00009-00002509-00002652": "... NO.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00010-00002742-00002929": "That's Just the Way We Hear!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00011-00002959-00003059": "That's perfect!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00012-00003103-00003316": "Our video, That's Just the Way We Hear,", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00013-00003316-00003747": "won first place in the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00014-00003747-00003880": "YouTube video contest!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00015-00003880-00003997": "It didn't stop there.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00016-00003997-00004130": "To this day,", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00017-00004130-00004421": "it has had more than 7,000 YouTube hits.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00018-00004421-00004721": "We had created what some", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00019-00004721-00004998": "have called an anthem for kids and teens with hearing loss.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00020-00004998-00005405": "Yet, there were three people we wanted to hear it most:", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00021-00005405-00005485": "Kevin,", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00022-00005495-00005598": "Joe,", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00023-00005598-00005745": "and Nick Jonas.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00024-00005845-00006179": "We tried so hard to get them to see our video.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00025-00006179-00006276": "For a whole year,", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00026-00006276-00006506": "we brought lyrics, posters, and videos", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00027-00006506-00006820": "to concerts. We tweeted, facebooked, blogged.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00028-00006820-00007053": "We entered contests.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00029-00007053-00007197": "They never saw our video.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00030-00007197-00007370": "But now, with the Battle of the Bands,", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00031-00007370-00007500": "the time has come!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00032-00009162-00009255": "I woke up", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00033-00009255-00009659": "for school- put my ears on.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00034-00009659-00010314": "Radio plays my song- it's a good one!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00035-00010390-00010998": "And my mom calls to come when the bus comes.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00036-00011204-00011495": "I think how I hold dear,", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00037-00011494-00011738": "That now, I can hear!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00038-00011818-00011919": "And I know,", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00039-00011918-00012159": "I look a little different.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00040-00012158-00012512": "And I know, we wear things on our ears.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00041-00012512-00012840": "But I know, I'm never gonna fake it.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00042-00012839-00013216": "I am deaf, I am free. I can listen and speak.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00043-00013216-00013624": "I'm implanted, and that's just the way I hear!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00044-00014200-00014544": "I've got ears, hearing aids.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00045-00014544-00014802": "We are hearing.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00046-00014801-00015062": "Bluetooth,", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00047-00015061-00015238": "iPod head phones,", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00048-00015238-00015516": "cochlear implants.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00049-00015515-00016109": "Seems we all wear things on our ears.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00050-00016109-00016877": "We should hold dear that we can hear!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00051-00016876-00017267": "And I know, I look a little different.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00052-00017267-00017618": "And I know, I wear things on my ears.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00053-00017617-00017948": "But I know, I'm never gonna fake it.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00054-00017947-00018138": "I am deaf, I am free.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00055-00018138-00018335": "I can listen and speak.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00056-00018335-00018689": "I'm implanted, and that's just the way I hear!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00057-00018688-00018959": "'Cause we're smart enough to know", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00058-00018959-00019356": "Don't judge what you don't know.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00059-00019546-00019770": "That's just the way", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00060-00019769-00020003": "And I know, I look a little different.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00061-00020003-00020340": "And I know, I wear things on my ears.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00062-00020340-00020611": "But I know, I'm never gonna fake it", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00063-00020740-00020888": "I am deaf, I am free.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00064-00020887-00021078": "I can listen and speak.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00065-00021077-00021255": "I'm implanted", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00066-00021254-00021502": "And that's just the way I hear!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00067-00021501-00021738": "I know I look a little different.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00068-00021738-00022089": "And I know, I wear things on my ears.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00069-00022088-00022419": "But I know, I'm never gonna fake it.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00070-00022419-00022596": "I am deaf, I am free.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00071-00022595-00022800": "I can listen and speak.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00072-00022799-00023183": "I'm implanted, and that's just the way I hear!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00073-00023183-00023410": "Jake: That's just the way we hear!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00074-00023410-00023557": "David: That's just the way we hear!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00075-00023783-00023891": "Sara: That's just the way we hear.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00076-00023930-00024017": "Jason: That's just the way we hear.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00077-00024100-00024344": "Marti Rose, Sara, David, Jake: That's just the way we hear!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00078-00024344-00024501": "Jason, Julie, Daniel: That's just the way we hear!", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00079-00024501-00024658": "Dani: That's just the way we hear.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00080-00024658-00024825": "I thought the video", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00081-00024824-00025012": "made people realize", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00082-00025011-00025342": "that being deaf, you can just", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00083-00025342-00025542": "be like everybody else.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00084-00025542-00025736": "It was kids representing other kids.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00085-00025735-00025882": "When it was played for the whole school,", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00086-00025882-00026019": "that basically meant that", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00087-00026019-00026389": "everyone was starting to understand", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00088-00026389-00026807": "what it was like to have cochlear implants.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00089-00026806-00027007": "It also shows kids that they shouldn't", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00090-00027007-00027257": "be ashamed of this, and it's okay to be different.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00091-00027257-00027427": "That's what it's all about-", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00092-00027427-00027670": "accepting each other.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00093-00027670-00027891": "You have tons of fans with hearing loss.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00094-00027891-00028135": "They need you. We need you.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00095-00028234-00028368": "If you choose our video,", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00096-00028368-00028582": "you will be showing kids with hearing loss", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00097-00028581-00028779": "who worked so hard to learn to speak,", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00098-00028778-00029042": "that their voices are now being heard.", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00099-00029042-00029208": "Ultimate prize?", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00100-00029209-00029373": "Let's re-record this song together,", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00101-00029372-00029510": "and have it played with captioning", "6f6K7ySAbUk-00102-00029509-00029676": "for EVERYONE to see and hear!"}}, {"audio_id": "6fhckROu-4u", "text": {"6fhckROu-4u-00000-00000000-00000416": "Let's shake the waist together", "6fhckROu-4u-00004-00002240-00002658": "Hallo everyone.My name is Turtle.I am a fitness trainer.", "6fhckROu-4u-00006-00002794-00003096": "He shook 25 times", "6fhckROu-4u-00007-00003096-00003209": "Cat back exercise", "6fhckROu-4u-00008-00003447-00003768": "Become the basis for exercise", "6fhckROu-4u-00009-00003786-00004050": "A person who abs muscle exercise", "6fhckROu-4u-00010-00004050-00004150": "A big person", "6fhckROu-4u-00011-00004324-00004938": "Introducing Merritt", "6fhckROu-4u-00014-00005076-00005384": "Exercise improves", "6fhckROu-4u-00015-00005384-00005898": "I feel hungry", "6fhckROu-4u-00017-00005948-00006260": "Ass hole closes", "6fhckROu-4u-00020-00006885-00007183": "I'm hungry"}}, {"audio_id": "6fhWKcWWsFu", "text": {"6fhWKcWWsFu-00000-00000000-00000684": "oh better yet why don't you be one of those uh video game designers getting paid to make what", "6fhWKcWWsFu-00001-00000684-00001248": "you love all day that's why I pick welding you know shut the [__] up Dad I don't even play", "6fhWKcWWsFu-00002-00001248-00001728": "video games anymore I moved out eight years ago stop shoving the [__] out my throat", "6fhWKcWWsFu-00003-00001728-00002226": "listen son whenever you finish your degree in graphic design I'll be glad to help you", "6fhWKcWWsFu-00004-00002226-00002808": "with your resume in fact you won't even need it just walk in there and give them their old", "6fhWKcWWsFu-00005-00002808-00003564": "handshake works every time now I'm the boss get ASF in here kill him I'll be your man now [__]", "6fhWKcWWsFu-00006-00003564-00004224": "you dad [__] you [__] you [__] hey you ever hear that Bitcoin thing everyone's talking about", "6fhWKcWWsFu-00007-00004290-00005328": "oh one or main thing Goods on uh oh"}}, {"audio_id": "6fBbC_vu5wI", "text": {"6fBbC_vu5wI-00000-00019600-00019700": "thx for watching the video"}}, {"audio_id": "6fCzgOnnCXI", "text": {"6fCzgOnnCXI-00000-00000000-00000200": "Spring has come to me The Best Spring Music 2022 Watching Pretty Girls Model 2k5 Spring Rooster Music 2022 #20"}}, {"audio_id": "6fF0it781gM", "text": {"6fF0it781gM-00000-00000162-00000712": "When you're teaching about metric measurements at some point you're going to be talking Cubic", "6fF0it781gM-00001-00000712-00001270": "Meters. And one of the things that will help students to understand that measurement is", "6fF0it781gM-00002-00001270-00001887": "to show them how big it is. Now in the past I've used a 1 meter ruler like this and said", "6fF0it781gM-00003-00001887-00002427": "to students -well this is how long it is, in this direction, that's the dimension in", "6fF0it781gM-00004-00002427-00002977": "that direction and this is how high it is and you know, just sort of do that and say,", "6fF0it781gM-00005-00002977-00003546": "well that's how big a cubic meter is. But that's not really very satisfying because", "6fF0it781gM-00006-00003546-00004094": "you don't see the whole thing all at once. And I think that a lot of students go, yeah-yeah-yeah.", "6fF0it781gM-00007-00004094-00004828": "And they sort of mentally agree with you but they don't really get a good look at how big", "6fF0it781gM-00008-00004828-00005644": "it is. So what I really like now is to use kit to show the whole cubic meter at once.", "6fF0it781gM-00009-00005644-00006194": "It's just made of long pieces of wood, 12 of them and plastic corner pieces like this", "6fF0it781gM-00010-00006194-00006698": "that connect them together and that's the secret to this thing, I'm standing one now", "6fF0it781gM-00011-00006698-00007300": "so you can tell and I've almost finished, I'm just gonna construct this, these just", "6fF0it781gM-00012-00007300-00007839": "slide in here, these are really good one. I use to have a cheaper one but the pieces", "6fF0it781gM-00013-00007839-00008383": "of wood ended up getting broken with people playing sword fights with them, but there", "6fF0it781gM-00014-00008383-00009205": "we go. So let me just hold this up, there like that. The thing I love about this as", "6fF0it781gM-00015-00009205-00009720": "I've said is just, it shows you how big a cubic meter is, it really does. You can see", "6fF0it781gM-00016-00009720-00010408": "the whole thing in one go. And the thing that surprises me is just how large it is, cause", "6fF0it781gM-00017-00010408-00010977": "it think I'm, you know, it's easy to say -yeah I know how big a cubic meter is cause I've", "6fF0it781gM-00018-00010977-00011659": "seen a 1 meter ruler. But the whole thing put together like this is a really quite impressive.", "6fF0it781gM-00019-00011659-00012239": "One activity I've done with my students who are adult -students in the main who are going", "6fF0it781gM-00020-00012239-00012803": "to be teachers is to see how many people we can fit inside the cubic meter. And I've been", "6fF0it781gM-00021-00012803-00013379": "surprised you can fit 6 or 7 or 8 adults in a cubic meter, so with children you could", "6fF0it781gM-00022-00013379-00014221": "fit even more, so one cubic meter. If you had the opportunity as a teacher I would see", "6fF0it781gM-00023-00014221-00014568": "if I could hang this up in the classroom somewhere, if you've got very high ceilings you could", "6fF0it781gM-00024-00014568-00015168": "do that and just leave it hanging up there or if not put it in the corner somewhere and", "6fF0it781gM-00025-00015168-00015659": "let students get used to the size of it, cause I really think that most of us don't really", "6fF0it781gM-00026-00015659-00016366": "have this very accurate mental picture of how big a cubic meter is. Alright, so far", "6fF0it781gM-00027-00016366-00017090": "so good. Now in teaching the measurement of volume or capacity you're going to be using", "6fF0it781gM-00028-00017090-00017576": "measurements. Cubic meter is a, quite a big unit. We have a lot of smaller once that we", "6fF0it781gM-00029-00017576-00018256": "use or a couple of them anyway. And those units of course are milliliters and liters.", "6fF0it781gM-00030-00018256-00018762": "Now we have some assistance here from place value blocks. And of course we use this for", "6fF0it781gM-00031-00018762-00019252": "teaching number and then this is one of the 1 blocks and this is 1000 block. Just using", "6fF0it781gM-00032-00019252-00019874": "this 2 we can do a lot of teaching about volume and capacity units. The beauty of this is", "6fF0it781gM-00033-00019874-00020638": "that the place value blocks are based on 1 centimeter cube. So this is a 1 centimeter", "6fF0it781gM-00034-00020638-00021452": "cube, this is 1000 blocks -it's actually 1000 cubic centimeters in volume. The neat bit", "6fF0it781gM-00035-00021452-00021923": "about the metric system is, that they're all these connections between the units and 1", "6fF0it781gM-00036-00021923-00022495": "connection here is that a cubic centimeter, that size is exactly the same volume as 1", "6fF0it781gM-00037-00022495-00023395": "milliliter. And so if this is a milliliter in volume, this is 1000 of those or a liter", "6fF0it781gM-00038-00023395-00023920": "-so here's a model for a liter. And again, I really like the way these place value blocks", "6fF0it781gM-00039-00023920-00024409": "can be used in that way. And one other thing I would say here, if they sell 1 liter cartons", "6fF0it781gM-00040-00024409-00025095": "or bottles of milk where you live, you might notice this doesn't look as big as those bottles", "6fF0it781gM-00041-00025095-00025670": "which of course is clever packaging. This actually looks like less than a liter in terms", "6fF0it781gM-00042-00025670-00026291": "of other containers, so you might want to investigate that with your class. So we can", "6fF0it781gM-00043-00026291-00027022": "see that a liter is a cube in this shape, it's a cube and the lengths of the edges are", "6fF0it781gM-00044-00027022-00027852": "of course, 10 centimeters; 10x10x10 is 1000. So this is a 10 centimeter cube. So the question", "6fF0it781gM-00045-00027852-00028380": "arises, how many of these would fit inside this cubic meter that I'm standing in right", "6fF0it781gM-00046-00028380-00029180": "now? Clearly it's a lot but exactly how many is it? it wouldn't take long for students", "6fF0it781gM-00047-00029180-00029866": "to work out, that if this is 10 centimeters on every edge and this is a meter, which is", "6fF0it781gM-00048-00029866-00030462": "100 centimeters, that this cube would fit along the edge exactly 10x; it will fit along", "6fF0it781gM-00049-00030462-00031133": "that edge 10x. So just using those 2 we could put a layer on the bottom of this cube. And", "6fF0it781gM-00050-00031133-00031583": "if you have enough in your classroom you can actually do that. A layer of 1000 cubes or", "6fF0it781gM-00051-00031583-00032199": "1 liter cubes as we might call them on the bottom layer how many would there be? Obviously", "6fF0it781gM-00052-00032199-00032799": "it's 100. And then how many layers could we make? The answer is 10, and so we could fill", "6fF0it781gM-00053-00032799-00033787": "this cube if we had enough of this blocks with 1000, thousand blocks or 1000 liters.", "6fF0it781gM-00054-00033787-00034488": "So one cubic meter has the same volume as 1000 liters. And in the metric system we have", "6fF0it781gM-00055-00034488-00035137": "a unit for 1000 liters of course and that's kiloliter. One more thing we can do here is", "6fF0it781gM-00056-00035137-00035752": "to connect this with mass. Again in the metric system there's this nice connection between volume", "6fF0it781gM-00057-00035752-00036696": "and mass. 1 liter of water weighs 1 kilogram, 1 milliliter of water weighs 1 gram. So here", "6fF0it781gM-00058-00036696-00037091": "if we could make this out of water in some way, this should be a gram of water, this", "6fF0it781gM-00059-00037091-00037793": "should be a kilogram of water. What would the mass of this amount of water be? Will 1000 liters", "6fF0it781gM-00060-00037793-00038961": "fit in a cubic meter? 1000 kilograms is a ton. So a cubic meter of water weighs a ton.", "6fF0it781gM-00061-00038961-00040543": "The same amount as a small car. So there we go a cubic meter kit."}}, {"audio_id": "6fb0FUdJWBo", "text": {"6fb0FUdJWBo-00000-00000000-00000700": "Welcome to this spoken tutorial on how to create a simple document using LaTeX.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00001-00000800-00001200": "I will explain this process in a MacOSX operating system.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00002-00001300-00001800": "Similar methods are available in other operating systems such as Linux and Windows.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00003-00001900-00002300": "The first thing you have to do is to create a source file using your editor.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00004-00002400-00003900": "My favorite editor is Emacs. I have named the file hello.tex. The extension of the file is tex. Although it has the spelling t-e-x, it is pronounced ‘tec’. This is the default for LaTeX.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00005-00004000-00004500": "The first thing to do is the tell latex what document class we are interested in.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00006-00004600-00006000": "I will use the article class as follows.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00007-00006100-00006200": "Save it.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00008-00006300-00006500": "There are several other classes as well.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00009-00006600-00006900": "We will encounter some of them  in other tutorials.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00010-00007000-00007300": "I’m using, 12 point as the font size.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00011-00007400-00008200": "Two smaller sizes, namely 11pt. and 10pt. are also popular in Latex.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00012-00008300-00008800": "Let me begin the document.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00013-00008900-00009300": "Let me type the text ‘Hello world!’", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00014-00009400-00009500": "Let me end the document.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00015-00009600-00009800": "Let me Save it.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00016-00009900-00010600": "Whatever comes in between the begin and end document commands only will be in the final output.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00017-00010700-00011000": "This is called the source file. I have named it hello.tex.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00018-00011100-00011400": "Let us compile it using the command pdflatex.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00019-00011500-00012700": "We come here and show the command ‘pdf latex hello. Tex’.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00020-00012800-00014200": "We can also use the command ‘pdf latex hello’, without the extension ‘tex’ to compile this.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00021-00014300-00014700": "The default extension of tex will be used in this case.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00022-00014800-00015400": "The command pdf latex is used to create a pdf file from the latex source file.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00023-00015500-00016700": "On execution of this command, latex gives some informative output also. These messages are stored in a file hello.log as we see here.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00024-00016800-00017200": "Note the occurrence of hello in all the files that we have created so far.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00025-00017300-00017600": "Let us now open the file hello.pdf.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00026-00017700-00019100": "In my Mac system, I do this by issuing the command ‘skim hello.pdf’.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00027-00019200-00019700": "‘skim’ is a free pdf reader available for Mac OSX.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00028-00019800-00020100": "On issuing this command, skim opens the file hello.pdf.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00029-00020200-00021200": "It has only one line as expected. Let me zoom this file.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00030-00021300-00021600": "Skim shows the latest version of the opened pdf file.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00031-00021700-00022700": "For example, if I modify it, let me add another ‘hello world’ here.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00032-00022800-00023500": "Let me save it first and then compile it.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00033-00023600-00024000": "Let me allow this. It has been updated.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00034-00024100-00025300": "Let me delete this, save it, compile it, now it has gone back to the original file.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00035-00025400-00026000": "Notice that I have always compiled after saving the file.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00036-00026100-00026900": "You save first, and then compile it. If you don’t save it, whatever changes you made since the last save will not be included in the compiled form.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00037-00027000-00027500": "I have organized these three windows, for the purpose of creating this spoken tutorial.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00038-00027600-00028400": "You do not need to arrange them in this fashion to create documents however, please also note that you can use any other editor and pdf reader of your choice.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00039-00028500-00030700": "To use latex, one should go through these phases: creation of source, compilation and viewing the pdf file.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00040-00030800-00031100": "I encourage you to go through these phases by modifying the source file.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00041-00031200-00031900": "You may wish to add a few more lines of text in between the begin and end document commands.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00042-00032000-00032300": "You may also want to browse through the hello.log file.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00043-00032400-00032700": "Let me now continue the tutorial with a presentation.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00044-00032800-00033700": "Let me first delete this.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00045-00033800-00034100": "I would begin with the benefits of Latex.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00046-00034200-00034600": "Latex is an excellent typesetting software.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00047-00034700-00035000": "The quality of documents produced by latex is unmatched.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00048-00035100-00035200": "Latex is free and open source.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00049-00035300-00035900": "It is available on windows and all unix systems, including Mac and linux.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00050-00036000-00036700": "Latex has outstanding features, such as, automatic numbering of equations, chapters and sections, figures and tables.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00051-00036800-00037200": "Documents with a lot of mathematical equations can also be generated easily in Latex.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00052-00037300-00037800": "It is easy to produce bibliographic entries, with changeable format on the fly.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00053-00037900-00039000": "With latex taking care of formatting, the writer can concentrate on more important activities, such as, content generation and logical sequencing of ideas.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00054-00039100-00041200": "There are more spoken tutorials on Latex. Visit moudgalya.org for the following spoken tutorials on latex: What is compilation, letter writing, report writing, mathematical typesetting, equations, tables and figures, how to create a bibliography, and Inside story of bibliography.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00055-00041300-00041600": "This order of tutorials is recommended for best results.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00056-00041700-00042200": "Source files used to create these tutorials are also available at this website.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00057-00042300-00042800": "We plan to add a tutorial on installation of Latex in windows OS.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00058-00042900-00043400": "There will also be other tutorial in the near future, for example, beamer for slide presentation.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00059-00043500-00044000": "This presentation has been made with beamer, using Latex.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00060-00044100-00044500": "Some tips: Go through as many spoken tutorials as possible.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00061-00044600-00044700": "Practice them in parallel.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00062-00044800-00045000": "Start with a working latex file.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00063-00045100-00045900": "Make one change at a time, save, compile and make sure that whatever you have done works, before making further changes.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00064-00046000-00046400": "Remember to save the source file before compiling.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00065-00046500-00046700": "There are many books on Latex, we recommend  two.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00066-00046800-00047200": "The first one is by the original creator of Latex, Leslie Lamport.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00067-00047300-00047600": "This book is available in a low cost Indian edition as well.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00068-00047700-00048200": "Advanced users may consult the following book, Latex companion.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00069-00048300-00049400": "The first book and a web search is usually sufficient for most purposes, however, the main site for all latex related material is ctan.org.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00070-00049500-00050300": "Funding for this work has come from the National Mission on Education through ICT. Launched by MHRD, Government of India.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00071-00050400-00051800": "URL for this mission is sakshat.ac.in. Spoken tutorial activity is the initiative of the ‘Talk to a Teacher’ project of the mission, coordinated by CDEEP, IIT Bombay: cdeep.iitb.ac.in.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00072-00051900-00052600": "Use of spoken tutorial to popularize software development and its use will be coordinated through fosse.in.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00073-00052700-00053100": "Fossee stands for Free and Open source software in science and engineering education.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00074-00053200-00053600": "This project also is supported by the national mission on education.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00075-00053700-00054400": "Keep watching these links for more spoken tutorials and their translation in other languages.", "6fb0FUdJWBo-00076-00054500-00055000": "This brings us to the end of this tutorial. Thanks for joining. This is Kannan Moudgalya from CDEEP, IIT Bombay signing off. Good bye."}}, {"audio_id": "6gkK4omFVck", "text": {"6gkK4omFVck-00000-00000000-00000700": "Translator: Sue Kronenfeld Reviewer: Denise RQ", "6gkK4omFVck-00001-00000383-00000797": "I stand at the edge of a big pool.", "6gkK4omFVck-00002-00000797-00001251": "My back is bent by the weight of the enormous dive bottle.", "6gkK4omFVck-00003-00001251-00001615": "My instructor, who is already in the water, urges me", "6gkK4omFVck-00004-00001615-00002075": "to move my hands under the rim.", "6gkK4omFVck-00005-00002075-00002376": "Other members of the group have already taken this step", "6gkK4omFVck-00006-00002376-00002777": "and are waiting for me in the pool.", "6gkK4omFVck-00007-00002779-00003290": "Should I go--or not? I tremble.", "6gkK4omFVck-00008-00003290-00003689": "Not from the cold, although it was icy cold,", "6gkK4omFVck-00009-00003691-00003996": "but because of fear.", "6gkK4omFVck-00010-00003996-00004551": "So how did I get here?", "6gkK4omFVck-00011-00004551-00005086": "I've always tried to say yes to my sons.", "6gkK4omFVck-00012-00005086-00005624": "It was a way of encouraging them to say yes to opportunities in life.", "6gkK4omFVck-00013-00005625-00006195": "So when my youngest son who studies in New Zealand asked me,", "6gkK4omFVck-00014-00006196-00006675": "\"Can we go to Australia together this year?\"", "6gkK4omFVck-00015-00006675-00007096": "I said, \"Yes! Of course!\"", "6gkK4omFVck-00016-00007096-00007750": "And when he asked me, \"Can we go to the coast of Queensland?\"", "6gkK4omFVck-00017-00007750-00008277": "\"Yes,\" I said, without any hesitation.", "6gkK4omFVck-00018-00008277-00008850": "\"And you know the Great Barrier Reef is off the coast there?\"", "6gkK4omFVck-00019-00008850-00009496": "\"Er, yes.\" I said, in a bit of a questioning tone.", "6gkK4omFVck-00020-00009496-00009950": "We were going diving on the Great Barrier Reef!", "6gkK4omFVck-00021-00009950-00010251": "(Laughter)", "6gkK4omFVck-00022-00010251-00010751": "\"Uhh.\" The \"yes\" was stuck in my throat.", "6gkK4omFVck-00023-00010751-00011425": "For the first time in a long time, I said, \"We'll see.\"", "6gkK4omFVck-00024-00011425-00011775": "But I know in my heart of hearts", "6gkK4omFVck-00025-00011775-00012151": "that I want to find a way to say yes to him.", "6gkK4omFVck-00026-00012151-00012525": "If not, I will never forgive myself.", "6gkK4omFVck-00027-00012525-00013195": "So I am there, hesitating, at the edge of the pool.", "6gkK4omFVck-00028-00013195-00013633": "I handled the previous tests,", "6gkK4omFVck-00029-00013647-00014150": "by managing to kneel underwater,", "6gkK4omFVck-00030-00014150-00014496": "but always managing to hold myself", "6gkK4omFVck-00031-00014510-00014895": "to the bar stretched across the pool.", "6gkK4omFVck-00032-00014895-00015225": "My instructor told me,", "6gkK4omFVck-00033-00015226-00015575": "\"Sue, there is no bar in the ocean.\"", "6gkK4omFVck-00034-00015575-00015797": "(Laughter)", "6gkK4omFVck-00035-00015797-00016176": "And at that moment, I asked myself,", "6gkK4omFVck-00036-00016176-00016377": "\"What am I going to do?\"", "6gkK4omFVck-00037-00016377-00016950": "I became conscious of my thoughts, and they didn't help me.", "6gkK4omFVck-00038-00016950-00017551": "I visualized myself entering the water and lacking air.", "6gkK4omFVck-00039-00017551-00018225": "And I told myself that I would find myself with a broken jaw, at least,", "6gkK4omFVck-00040-00018225-00018795": "since the life vest would resurface me violently, with the force of the impact.", "6gkK4omFVck-00041-00018795-00019150": "And besides that, I can see", "6gkK4omFVck-00042-00019162-00019649": "dark cliffs at the edge of the reef,", "6gkK4omFVck-00043-00019649-00020096": "and myself lying beneath them forever.", "6gkK4omFVck-00044-00020096-00020396": "I trembled.", "6gkK4omFVck-00045-00020397-00020850": "One of my guiding principles in my life", "6gkK4omFVck-00046-00020850-00021450": "is that there are three demons who destroy personal performance.", "6gkK4omFVck-00047-00021451-00022051": "The first demon is internal noise. The voices in your head.", "6gkK4omFVck-00048-00022051-00022496": "And I had lots of noise in that experience.", "6gkK4omFVck-00049-00022496-00022995": "It was like I had all the voices in the world in my head.", "6gkK4omFVck-00050-00022995-00023425": "The second demon is tunnel vision,", "6gkK4omFVck-00051-00023435-00023850": "or in other words, concentrating", "6gkK4omFVck-00052-00023850-00024350": "only on what's happening in front of me,", "6gkK4omFVck-00053-00024363-00024651": "and not on the effects", "6gkK4omFVck-00054-00024651-00025250": "this decision could have on the trip, for example,", "6gkK4omFVck-00055-00025250-00025696": "or on my son, who trusted me.", "6gkK4omFVck-00056-00025696-00026298": "And the third demon is muscular tension.", "6gkK4omFVck-00057-00026298-00026775": "No matter what tension it is, in me this indicates", "6gkK4omFVck-00058-00026775-00027295": "that I'm thinking in a way that prevents my well-being.", "6gkK4omFVck-00059-00027295-00027808": "And here, I had lots of muscular tension.", "6gkK4omFVck-00060-00027821-00028195": "I was almost frozen in place.", "6gkK4omFVck-00061-00028195-00028583": "But at that moment I realized", "6gkK4omFVck-00062-00028595-00029050": "that I was creating these images.", "6gkK4omFVck-00063-00029050-00029451": "I managed to take a step back.", "6gkK4omFVck-00064-00029451-00030096": "And at that moment, I decided to change my thinking.", "6gkK4omFVck-00065-00030096-00030326": "I didn't know exactly how,", "6gkK4omFVck-00066-00030326-00030952": "but I knew that these were things that I created myself.", "6gkK4omFVck-00067-00030952-00031397": "I knew, for example, that other people had taken this step before,", "6gkK4omFVck-00068-00031397-00031683": "and at that moment,", "6gkK4omFVck-00069-00031698-00032250": "I decided to generalize this thing.", "6gkK4omFVck-00070-00032250-00032850": "I decided that if the others could do it, then I could do it too.", "6gkK4omFVck-00071-00032850-00033396": "And I believed that my instructor was asking me to do it", "6gkK4omFVck-00072-00033396-00033995": "because he believed that I could quite safely do it.", "6gkK4omFVck-00073-00033995-00034550": "And in changing these beliefs, my images changed.", "6gkK4omFVck-00074-00034550-00035096": "And the internal voice, the internal noise, disappeared.", "6gkK4omFVck-00075-00035096-00035722": "And I became calm and confident.", "6gkK4omFVck-00076-00035722-00036050": "And I realized that in this situation,", "6gkK4omFVck-00077-00036050-00036366": "my thoughts and my emotions", "6gkK4omFVck-00078-00036377-00036750": "were entirely under my control.", "6gkK4omFVck-00079-00036750-00037397": "But it's a personal situation.", "6gkK4omFVck-00080-00037397-00037650": "What about the situations", "6gkK4omFVck-00081-00037650-00037996": "-- let's lay that aside for a moment --", "6gkK4omFVck-00082-00037996-00038524": "what about the situations that are beyond our control?", "6gkK4omFVck-00083-00038525-00038945": "Situations, for example, in the world", "6gkK4omFVck-00084-00038959-00039450": "that affect us, that touch me emotionally?", "6gkK4omFVck-00085-00039450-00039779": "I live and I work in India", "6gkK4omFVck-00086-00039793-00040175": "for a large part of the year.", "6gkK4omFVck-00087-00040175-00040423": "I have many friends there,", "6gkK4omFVck-00088-00040425-00040754": "who are among the kindest", "6gkK4omFVck-00089-00040762-00041196": "and most generous people I know.", "6gkK4omFVck-00090-00041197-00041725": "At the end of last year, we heard the news", "6gkK4omFVck-00091-00041725-00041995": "of the the rape in Delhi.", "6gkK4omFVck-00092-00041995-00042395": "And this news haunted me.", "6gkK4omFVck-00093-00042395-00042775": "There are many things like that, I know,", "6gkK4omFVck-00094-00042785-00043150": "but this news particularly haunted me.", "6gkK4omFVck-00095-00043150-00043587": "And at that time, I posted a picture", "6gkK4omFVck-00096-00043600-00044050": "of elephants at a festival in India.", "6gkK4omFVck-00097-00044050-00044350": "And someone made the comment,", "6gkK4omFVck-00098-00044350-00044750": "\"I hope they treat their elephants", "6gkK4omFVck-00099-00044762-00045197": "better than they treat their women!\"", "6gkK4omFVck-00100-00045197-00045651": "This person generalized the experience.", "6gkK4omFVck-00101-00045651-00046050": "I was shocked and disturbed.", "6gkK4omFVck-00102-00046050-00046650": "Not only by the comments, but also by my own reactions.", "6gkK4omFVck-00103-00046650-00047162": "All that I knew was that a girl", "6gkK4omFVck-00104-00047177-00047596": "was gang raped in a bus.", "6gkK4omFVck-00105-00047596-00048124": "I imagined a regular bus with other passengers.", "6gkK4omFVck-00106-00048124-00048697": "Why didn't the passengers do something?", "6gkK4omFVck-00107-00048697-00049350": "Why didn't the driver stop the bus and do something?", "6gkK4omFVck-00108-00049350-00049595": "I couldn't understand it.", "6gkK4omFVck-00109-00049595-00050037": "But I learned later that the truth was", "6gkK4omFVck-00110-00050052-00050495": "that perhaps it wasn't a regular bus.", "6gkK4omFVck-00111-00050495-00051195": "It was a school bus. There were no other passengers.", "6gkK4omFVck-00112-00051195-00051620": "The gang lured this young woman", "6gkK4omFVck-00113-00051633-00051896": "and her boyfriend.", "6gkK4omFVck-00114-00051896-00052395": "The gang was fully involved in this rape.", "6gkK4omFVck-00115-00052395-00052708": "And the driver was", "6gkK4omFVck-00116-00052722-00053198": "one of the main criminals.", "6gkK4omFVck-00117-00053198-00053897": "Where is my grab bar? What can I do?", "6gkK4omFVck-00118-00053897-00054277": "This news triggered reactions,", "6gkK4omFVck-00119-00054277-00054949": "not only in India, but all over the world.", "6gkK4omFVck-00120-00054949-00055397": "I can only look inside myself.", "6gkK4omFVck-00121-00055397-00056086": "For a long time, I've believed that what touches me emotionally", "6gkK4omFVck-00122-00056086-00056350": "shows something about myself", "6gkK4omFVck-00123-00056350-00056808": "so I'm afraid, so I'm unaware", "6gkK4omFVck-00124-00056819-00057295": "of what saddens or angers me.", "6gkK4omFVck-00125-00057295-00057775": "So what was there about this rape", "6gkK4omFVck-00126-00057787-00058196": "that affected me so deeply?", "6gkK4omFVck-00127-00058196-00058675": "The answer came slowly and painfully.", "6gkK4omFVck-00128-00058675-00059071": "The abuse of one human", "6gkK4omFVck-00129-00059084-00059396": "being by another.", "6gkK4omFVck-00130-00059396-00059775": "Had I been abused?", "6gkK4omFVck-00131-00059775-00060100": "Have I been abusing anyone?", "6gkK4omFVck-00132-00060100-00060551": "Does abuse exist in the world? Yes.", "6gkK4omFVck-00133-00060551-00060951": "Does abuse exist in others? Yes.", "6gkK4omFVck-00134-00060951-00061499": "But does abuse exist in me? Yes.", "6gkK4omFVck-00135-00061500-00062033": "Abuse doesn't only consist of actions,", "6gkK4omFVck-00136-00062047-00062499": "but also of words and thoughts.", "6gkK4omFVck-00137-00062500-00063099": "And thus, I have been abused, and I abuse others.", "6gkK4omFVck-00138-00063099-00063651": "And I have often tolerated it. But not anymore.", "6gkK4omFVck-00139-00063651-00064100": "That girl did not survive.", "6gkK4omFVck-00140-00064100-00064426": "What could I do?", "6gkK4omFVck-00141-00064426-00064838": "And I decided to do something, but one of the things", "6gkK4omFVck-00142-00064838-00065351": "is to speak loudly and forcefully in these situations.", "6gkK4omFVck-00143-00065351-00065599": "And here I am.", "6gkK4omFVck-00144-00065600-00066150": "We cannot directly change others,", "6gkK4omFVck-00145-00066162-00066650": "but we can change ourselves.", "6gkK4omFVck-00146-00066650-00067087": "I can resist the images", "6gkK4omFVck-00147-00067099-00067599": "and the voices inside me.", "6gkK4omFVck-00148-00067599-00068299": "And I can believe that I have everything that I see in the world.", "6gkK4omFVck-00149-00068299-00068695": "And by managing that inside myself,", "6gkK4omFVck-00150-00068695-00069012": "perhaps I can create", "6gkK4omFVck-00151-00069026-00069550": "a minuscule effect in the world.", "6gkK4omFVck-00152-00069550-00070197": "Ask yourselves what touches you emotionally like that,", "6gkK4omFVck-00153-00070197-00070799": "and in what way it is true for you.", "6gkK4omFVck-00154-00070799-00071100": "It was Gandhi who said,", "6gkK4omFVck-00155-00071100-00071550": "\"Be the change you wish to see in the world.\"", "6gkK4omFVck-00156-00071550-00071862": "But these words only live", "6gkK4omFVck-00157-00071875-00072300": "if we transform them into action.", "6gkK4omFVck-00158-00072300-00072699": "We must act.", "6gkK4omFVck-00159-00072700-00073300": "The step forward? Yes, I've taken it.", "6gkK4omFVck-00160-00073300-00073950": "The dive? Yes, I've done that, too.", "6gkK4omFVck-00161-00073950-00074388": "I've had my moments of doubt,", "6gkK4omFVck-00162-00074389-00074824": "but they've come less frequently, and less strongly.", "6gkK4omFVck-00163-00074825-00075275": "The last time, I was sitting in the boat", "6gkK4omFVck-00164-00075286-00075577": "with my diving equipment,", "6gkK4omFVck-00165-00075579-00075920": "testing the breathing apparatus,", "6gkK4omFVck-00166-00075933-00076350": "and I tried to get up, and I couldn't.", "6gkK4omFVck-00167-00076350-00076899": "Oh, immediately, I had a voice in my head, that said,", "6gkK4omFVck-00168-00076899-00077399": "\"Sue, you're not strong enough to carry that equipment!\"", "6gkK4omFVck-00169-00077400-00077637": "But just then, my instructor told me,", "6gkK4omFVck-00170-00077637-00077889": "\"Sue, you're still attached to the boat!\"", "6gkK4omFVck-00171-00077889-00078137": "(Laughter)", "6gkK4omFVck-00172-00078137-00078566": "Well, after that I saw the world", "6gkK4omFVck-00173-00078580-00078999": "that exists below the surface,", "6gkK4omFVck-00174-00078999-00079299": "and it is beautiful.", "6gkK4omFVck-00175-00079299-00079988": "I found out how to take a step to help myself.", "6gkK4omFVck-00176-00079988-00080350": "What step will you learn?", "6gkK4omFVck-00177-00080351-00080476": "Thank you.", "6gkK4omFVck-00178-00080476-00081101": "(Applause)"}}, {"audio_id": "6gCZq0g92Wg", "text": {"6gCZq0g92Wg-00000-00002611-00003293": "expect you in this game but here's gonna draw points in this dramatic event in", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00001-00003293-00004046": "Challenger", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00002-00005198-00006654": "city celebrating and went back underway", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00003-00008822-00009667": "it's two-nil he should have been too much to the opposition", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00004-00009667-00009870": "Oh", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00005-00011234-00012313": "to get on the scoresheet", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00006-00012600-00014523": "referee gets the game think of the way", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00007-00014554-00015027": "great technique", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00008-00017151-00018300": "so we need really well there", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00009-00018423-00018750": "well time", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00010-00021004-00021791": "the referee gets a game going again he should have been too much to the", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00011-00021791-00022054": "opposition", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00012-00022371-00024102": "defending them", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00013-00024102-00025455": "this ready takes the pressure off the defense the defenders bank on the ball", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00014-00025838-00026272": "this player is taking on the opposition", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00015-00027926-00028198": "shoots", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00016-00028402-00029669": "and through it", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00017-00032666-00033050": "the referee gets a game beckoned some players will be glad to hear the hard", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00018-00033050-00033313": "time whistle", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00019-00035919-00040526": "the keeper plays in short there defended in Bank on the ball", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00020-00040526-00041450": "clearance dispossessed and Marcelo", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00021-00041700-00043010": "players the moving forward here dribbling gonna be a free kick", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00022-00043435-00046462": "well right using the Whittier", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00023-00051571-00052174": "those are flowing in here he'll be chuffed with adding another", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00024-00052486-00053264": "he's carried back inside", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00025-00053264-00054607": "Darry gains possession now they'll try and break", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00026-00054969-00055814": "officials indicated", "6gCZq0g92Wg-00027-00057352-00057952": "he's putting gold in a hundred percent"}}, {"audio_id": "6gX3jQrEJLI", "text": {"6gX3jQrEJLI-00000-00000010-00000176": "DEER CREEK ROLLS TO SWEEP THEIR", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00001-00000176-00000183": "DEER CREEK ROLLS TO SWEEP THEIR", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00002-00000183-00000333": "DEER CREEK ROLLS TO SWEEP THEIR WAY FOR THE SEMI.", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00003-00000333-00000340": "DEER CREEK ROLLS TO SWEEP THEIR WAY FOR THE SEMI.", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00004-00000340-00000443": "DEER CREEK ROLLS TO SWEEP THEIR WAY FOR THE SEMI. >>> COLLEGE VOLLEYBALL, BSU", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00005-00000443-00000450": "WAY FOR THE SEMI. >>> COLLEGE VOLLEYBALL, BSU", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00006-00000450-00000553": "WAY FOR THE SEMI. >>> COLLEGE VOLLEYBALL, BSU LOOKING TO END THEIR SKID,", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00007-00000553-00000560": ">>> COLLEGE VOLLEYBALL, BSU LOOKING TO END THEIR SKID,", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00008-00000560-00000707": ">>> COLLEGE VOLLEYBALL, BSU LOOKING TO END THEIR SKID, HOSTING MINNESOTA CROOKSTON.", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00009-00000707-00000714": "LOOKING TO END THEIR SKID, HOSTING MINNESOTA CROOKSTON.", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00010-00000714-00000860": "LOOKING TO END THEIR SKID, HOSTING MINNESOTA CROOKSTON. BEAVERS START WITH A 2-NOTHING", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00011-00000860-00000867": "HOSTING MINNESOTA CROOKSTON. BEAVERS START WITH A 2-NOTHING", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00012-00000867-00000994": "HOSTING MINNESOTA CROOKSTON. BEAVERS START WITH A 2-NOTHING LEAD, THANKS TO THIS KILL BY", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00013-00000994-00001000": "BEAVERS START WITH A 2-NOTHING LEAD, THANKS TO THIS KILL BY", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00014-00001000-00001291": "BEAVERS START WITH A 2-NOTHING LEAD, THANKS TO THIS KILL BY BECKY SCHROEDER.", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00015-00001291-00001297": "LEAD, THANKS TO THIS KILL BY BECKY SCHROEDER.", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00016-00001297-00001538": "LEAD, THANKS TO THIS KILL BY BECKY SCHROEDER. EAGLES WOULD TIE IT, BUT TAYLOR", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00017-00001538-00001544": "BECKY SCHROEDER. EAGLES WOULD TIE IT, BUT TAYLOR", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00018-00001544-00001638": "BECKY SCHROEDER. EAGLES WOULD TIE IT, BUT TAYLOR NIER WOULD CHANGE THAT WITH THIS", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00019-00001638-00001644": "EAGLES WOULD TIE IT, BUT TAYLOR NIER WOULD CHANGE THAT WITH THIS", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00020-00001644-00001928": "EAGLES WOULD TIE IT, BUT TAYLOR NIER WOULD CHANGE THAT WITH THIS KILL.", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00021-00001928-00001935": "NIER WOULD CHANGE THAT WITH THIS KILL.", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00022-00001935-00002085": "NIER WOULD CHANGE THAT WITH THIS KILL. BSU BY A POINT.", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00023-00002085-00002092": "KILL. BSU BY A POINT.", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00024-00002092-00002152": "KILL. BSU BY A POINT. MOMENTS LATER, MIKAYLA NESS", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00025-00002152-00002158": "BSU BY A POINT. MOMENTS LATER, MIKAYLA NESS", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00026-00002158-00002579": "BSU BY A POINT. MOMENTS LATER, MIKAYLA NESS SENDS IT TO THE OTHER SIDE,", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00027-00002579-00002585": "MOMENTS LATER, MIKAYLA NESS SENDS IT TO THE OTHER SIDE,", "6gX3jQrEJLI-00028-00002585-00002635": "MOMENTS LATER, MIKAYLA NESS SENDS IT TO THE OTHER SIDE, EXTENDING THE BEAVERS LEAD BY"}}, {"audio_id": "6h1iwu4LKSg", "text": {"6h1iwu4LKSg-00000-00000032-00000344": "Welcome everyone, to spring 1944 tutorial", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00001-00000440-00000952": "hopefully this video can introduce new people to spring 1944 and the spring engine in general", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00002-00000952-00001288": "this video is pretty long so it's divided into sections", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00003-00001288-00001816": "the timestamps are in the description and it's also in the play bar of youtube", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00004-00001816-00002080": "without further ado let's get into the basics", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00005-00002080-00002752": "Spring 1944 is a WWII RTS game focused on both gameplay and a little bit of realism", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00006-00002816-00003336": "and this video is the complete basic tutorial for those who are looking to play it", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00007-00003336-00003472": "all right to get started", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00008-00003600-00003711": "where do i play this game", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00009-00003864-00004208": "basically spring is a open sourced rts game", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00010-00004264-00004640": "that started from Total Annihilation and grew to be its own engine", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00011-00004640-00004784": "and house more games", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00012-00004784-00005136": "Spring community can be rather small but it's a very passionate one", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00013-00005136-00005384": "i putted the link to download spring lobby in the description", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00014-00005456-00005856": "and spring offers much more games than just Spring:1944", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00015-00005920-00006336": "So after you've made your account all you need to do is go to the battle list", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00016-00006336-00006888": "on the top bar and search for spring 1944 you can organize the list by games", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00017-00007000-00007536": "However i recommend playing a single player game first just to get a hang of how the game works", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00018-00007536-00008023": "but in order to play single player you need to download the game and the map", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00019-00008023-00008656": "which you can do by joining the multiplayer lobby if you join the battle room of spring 1944", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00020-00008712-00008984": "you can download the game and the map automatically", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00021-00008984-00009440": "however for single player i recommend a map called neurope_7.", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00022-00009440-00009832": "it's really good for the CRAIG AI and it also works with SPAMMER", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00023-00009912-00010568": "the AI will tend to follow the flags so, it almost simulates a player", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00024-00010568-00010952": "the link to download the neurope_7 map is also in the description,", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00025-00010952-00011384": "all you need to do is put the map file on the maps folder of spring", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00026-00011440-00011712": "so after you download the game engine and map,", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00027-00011776-00012168": "all you need to do is go to the bottom left corner of SpringLobby", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00028-00012232-00013008": "host new and choose the appropriate game with the appropriate engine or else it won't work or crash", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00029-00013008-00013424": "disable relay host and put as many players as you like", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00030-00013424-00013528": "so in the battleroom", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00031-00013640-00013976": "you can pick the map which again i recommend neurope_7", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00032-00013976-00014184": "now in the bottom right corner", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00033-00014184-00014576": "you can click the add bot button and this window will pop up", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00034-00014576-00015032": "the two AI's that works with Spring:1944 is CRAIG and SPAMMER", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00035-00015096-00015456": "CRAIG is an AI that will try to play more like a natural player", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00036-00015456-00015912": "but it will still use resources cheat to be able to compete with you", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00037-00015912-00016408": "The SPAMMER on the other hand is the flak tower from germany and it will spawn", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00038-00016408-00016728": "all units from all factions directly to you", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00039-00016728-00016992": "it's more of a survival type of bot", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00040-00016992-00017680": "you can rename the bot's name to however you like you can also change its color and pick its side", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00041-00017768-00018192": "and in order to manually select the spawns choose before game", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00042-00018192-00018736": "if you choose in-game the bot will not spawn at all because the bot will not choose its own spawn", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00043-00018736-00019272": "random and fixed will still spawn the bot but with the map's properties", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00044-00019272-00019816": "choosing before a game allows you to manually put your spawn and the AI's the spawn as well", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00045-00019816-00020320": "When you hop into a match there will be three bars in the top the grey one in the left", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00046-00020320-00020632": "corresponds to your command which is basically your money", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00047-00020712-00020968": "the one in the middle represents your total ammo", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00048-00020968-00021432": "and the one on the right is your resupply bar which we'll talk about these two later", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00049-00021584-00021960": "keep in mind these bars might be different depending on the UI you chose", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00050-00022040-00022584": "by pressing F11, in-game, you can disable and enable widgets", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00051-00022648-00022872": "in this video i use the noda UI", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00052-00022928-00023216": "so let's get into the basic economy the left bar", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00053-00023296-00023776": "in order to receive more command simply capture a flag with your infantry", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00054-00023840-00024176": "the more infantry inside of flag the faster they will capture it", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00055-00024248-00024496": "with the exception for the soviets", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00056-00024496-00025096": "soviet infantry does capture flags but it's extremely slower compared to other factions", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00057-00025168-00025752": "instead they use commissars which are the basic engineers that soviets start with", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00058-00025824-00026408": "keep in mind that vehicles and mounted mg's, mounted field guns won't capture flags", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00059-00026408-00026912": "you'll notice that when you capture a flag, the flag will change its color to the color of the", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00060-00026912-00027392": "capturer and the faction that the capturer is playing will be displayed in the flag's pole", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00061-00027504-00027960": "in the case of this video i'm playing as the US so the american flag goes up", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00062-00028039-00028360": "the longer the capture flag stays under your control", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00063-00028360-00028832": "or the control of the enemy the more command it produces over time", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00064-00028832-00029392": "which leads the game to flow to mid game and late game technology naturally", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00065-00029392-00029824": "you can see how much income the flag will provide by zooming in and looking on top of it", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00066-00029888-00030360": "so generally speaking economy comes from map dominance and most of the", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00067-00030360-00030583": "battles are gonna happen around these flags", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00068-00030583-00031000": "the way that you spend your money is also a little bit different in spring", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00069-00031000-00031344": "you still have fixed values like the 2000 command from the barracks", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00070-00031416-00031736": "but that money is not spent instantly instead what happens", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00071-00031792-00032160": "is that your money is slowly drained as the building is being done", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00072-00032248-00032632": "everything that consumes command has its own rate of consumption", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00073-00032712-00033328": "the engineers as you can see making the barracks it's only 15 from one engineer", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00074-00033432-00033832": "but we need this barracks to be done faster so we get another engineer to help", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00075-00033960-00034464": "now the barracks it's being done twice as fast but so is our money being drained by 30 now", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00076-00034536-00034968": "the idea of a good command balance is that you don't want to run out of command", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00077-00035064-00035352": "so you want your income to be higher than your outcome", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00078-00035352-00035912": "but you also don't want your command to access so waste the command", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00079-00035912-00036192": "but don't waste it too much to run out of it", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00080-00036192-00036672": "by pressing H you can give money to your allies that is stored from your bar", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00081-00036672-00037096": "you can also share units and ammunition to your allies from this screen", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00082-00037096-00037752": "when you run out of command instead of stopping our production your production will slow down", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00083-00037752-00038208": "the more negative your income is the slower your production will become", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00084-00038288-00038944": "also don't worry about capturing more flags in your allies income is shared evenly between allies", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00085-00038944-00039552": "in order to save more command and to reduce the outcome of your economy you can use the", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00086-00039552-00039992": "Wait command, the wait command can be used on builders and buildings", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00087-00039992-00040328": "the wait command stops production but it doesn't cancel it", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00088-00040328-00040880": "so let's say you have a tank yard and a barracks working however you desperately need more soldiers", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00089-00040952-00041424": "so you can press W to start the wait command on the tank yard", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00090-00041424-00041904": "finish the barracks and then press W to start the production of the tank again", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00091-00041960-00042432": "Now that you understand a little bit of the basic economy we need to talk about infantry", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00092-00042432-00043120": "because infantry is single-handedly the most important factor in every spring 1944 game", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00093-00043120-00043376": "with the exception of some naval maps", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00094-00043376-00043856": "infantry is considerably cheap fast to make and will support your vehicles with sight", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00095-00043912-00044048": "which we'll talk about later", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00096-00044168-00044616": "capture flags deal with other infantry and even deal with tanks themselves", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00097-00044616-00045032": "when they have the chance infantry is something you should have at all times", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00098-00045088-00045464": "so you can just leave a barracks or your headquarters on loop if you like", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00099-00045576-00045728": "but to talk about infantry", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00100-00045784-00046208": "first we need to address the headquarters so let's get into it first", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00101-00046208-00046736": "every faction with the exception of the soviets will spawn with the headquarters", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00102-00046736-00047040": "the headquarters is the most basic building you start with", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00103-00047040-00047328": "however it's the most important in the beginning", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00104-00047328-00047784": "first thing you want to do is to build two to three engineers before anything else", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00105-00047840-00048320": "so that you can start building and keep pumping squads out of the headquarters at the same time", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00106-00048320-00048912": "however the important point here is that after you make those two to three engineers you keep", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00107-00048912-00049480": "making this tiny squadron of infantry all the time this tiny squadron that leaves", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00108-00049480-00050144": "the headquarters can be considered underpowered however it is extremely cheap and fast to make", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00109-00050144-00050464": "so if you give it time your headquarters can make squadrons", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00110-00050464-00050952": "bigger than your barracks can so it's a good idea to leave the headquarters on loop", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00111-00050952-00051360": "when you make your barracks you will have a lot more options", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00112-00051360-00052055": "but you don't necessarily need to learn all of them right away all you need to know is that make", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00113-00052055-00052767": "rifleman's as much as you can rifleman's is your backbone of pretty much your entire", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00114-00052767-00053191": "front line the only exceptions that we're going to talk about is the machine gun", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00115-00053191-00053855": "squad the mortar squad and the sniper squad which require a more delicate approach to it", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00116-00053976-00054432": "when in-game you're gonna encounter ligjt machine gunners and heavy machine gunners", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00117-00054432-00054960": "they both use the same icon but heavy machine gunners can only fire when mounted", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00118-00054960-00055279": "and they are considered digged-in weapons", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00119-00055279-00055720": "in order to mount mgs, first that mg needs to be compatible", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00120-00055816-00056455": "if it's an hmg and you see a yellow arc that means that mg is deployable", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00121-00056455-00056896": "some machine gunners can fire unmounted like the germans and americans", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00122-00056960-00057240": "in order to mount the mg select them", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00123-00057328-00057960": "and press deploy you can hold shift select the place where you want them to mount and then press", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00124-00057960-00058640": "deploy while holding shift aim whatever you want that mg to face and then click again", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00125-00058784-00059304": "that will make your unit automatically go there and mount itself up heavy machine gunners are", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00126-00059304-00059864": "great for stopping enemy infantry advancements they can suppress infantry and that will slow", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00127-00059864-00060408": "them down and then because of their rate of fire they can pin units very easily too", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00128-00060408-00061024": "they have a very good amount of hp pool and the machine gunner squad comes with a scout", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00129-00061112-00061320": "every faction has a mortar squadron", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00130-00061384-00061744": "the mortar squadron will spawn three mortars and one scout", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00131-00061744-00062255": "the mortar has a great range advantage and can decimate groups of infantry very quickly", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00132-00062255-00062960": "mortars can also use smoke however their smoke radius is much smaller when compared to a howitzer", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00133-00063048-00063672": "the downside to mortars is that they are the only squadron who will require ammo each mortar", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00134-00063672-00064608": "stacks up to 150 of ammo so after they leave your barracks and get resupply that's 450 of ammo gone", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00135-00064608-00064832": "and at the start of the game you only have 1000", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00136-00064936-00065328": "so be careful not to run out of ammo in the beginning because of them", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00137-00065328-00065712": "even though snipers take as long as a rifleman squad", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00138-00065712-00066160": "snipers rarely miss their shots and can kill any infantry with one shot", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00139-00066216-00066968": "mounted machine guns mounted defenses will not die in one hit but will be damaged significantly", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00140-00066968-00067592": "sniper is a great way to counter infantry that is very well equipped for example the british", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00141-00067592-00067968": "the british headquarters will spawn in brens non-stop", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00142-00068032-00068416": "so a great way to counter those brens is to use snipers", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00143-00068416-00069192": "snipers will remain cloaked all the time unless when a scout reveals them or when they shoot", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00144-00069368-00069936": "now please keep in mind when advancing with infantry always use the fight command", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00145-00069992-00070360": "the fight command is basically the attack move in other RTS's", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00146-00070448-00070904": "the fight command works with vehicles as well but we'll get there all you have to do is select your", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00147-00070904-00071608": "units press F and then left click always draw a line to avoid splash damage from explosives", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00148-00071608-00072240": "retreating and when advancing with assault troops it's usually the only time where you", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00149-00072240-00072816": "don't want to use the Fight command but because riflemans are the backbone of your infantry", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00150-00072888-00073416": "you need them to stop in order to shoot because shooting when moving is very", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00151-00073416-00073880": "inaccurate and when they are in prone if they are moving they will not shoot", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00152-00074064-00074416": "another thing that you need to know about infantry, field guns", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00153-00074416-00074816": "and aircraft is that they all have a mechanism called fear", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00154-00074904-00075160": "we will talk about field guns and aircraft later", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00155-00075256-00075672": "the only thing that you need to keep in mind with infantry is that when infantry is", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00156-00075672-00076192": "shot or high explosive shells or sniper shots occur nearby", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00157-00076192-00076800": "infantry will be suppressed and they will go instantly into prone this will slow down the unit", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00158-00076800-00077024": "but it will increase its defense", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00159-00077024-00077440": "however it won't increase the defense of aircraft and mounted defenses", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00160-00077496-00078216": "suppression is indicated by a yellow star under the health bar of the unit if that star", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00161-00078216-00078648": "becomes red that means they are in major fear", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00162-00078648-00079248": "that unit will not respond to your actions and will stay there until it can leave that state", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00163-00079312-00079680": "vehicles don't get suppressed so they don't use the fear mechanic", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00164-00079680-00080208": "however they can be pinned when a low caliber gun is used against them", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00165-00080208-00080528": "mostly noticed when using anti-tank rifles", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00166-00080584-00080928": "this is the part where we need to address the second and the third bar", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00167-00081040-00081112": "logistics", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00168-00081168-00081488": "any unit that uses explosives will require ammo", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00169-00081568-00081904": "and all units that require ammunition will spawn without it", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00170-00081984-00082296": "fortunately every building has a supply range of its own", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00171-00082368-00082784": "you probably noticed already but it's the yellow ring made out of dots", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00172-00082840-00083168": "these are what we call the supply zone/range", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00173-00083264-00083720": "every unit that uses ammunition will have a yellow bar under the health bar", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00174-00083720-00084272": "if you hover your mouse over the unit on the bottom left corner you will have the tooltip", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00175-00084272-00084760": "the tooltip will tell you how much ammo they can carry how much logistics", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00176-00084760-00085280": "each shot will consume and the overall total when the ammunition of the unit is full", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00177-00085280-00085848": "units inside the supply range will automatically receive ammo that is stored from the second bar", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00178-00085944-00086200": "the second bar represents your max ammo", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00179-00086200-00086384": "if you do run out of ammo", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00180-00086440-00086928": "the third bar will tell you how much time is left until the next resupply of ammunition", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00181-00086928-00087736": "and you don't want your max ammo to drop below 50 not 50% but 50 because any unit inside the", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00182-00087736-00088520": "supply range will now be receiving a 30% penalty in fire rate represented by a gray plus circle", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00183-00088520-00089232": "however if you keep your max ammo always above the 50's you receive a 30% fire rate bonus instead", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00184-00089320-00089808": "when in supply zones represented by a yellow plus circle", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00185-00089872-00090264": "this rule applies to all units that are inside a supply zone", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00186-00090264-00090936": "even if they do not use ammunition this boost in fire rate can be a huge advantage to your infantry", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00187-00091016-00091728": "in order to have more max ammo, build a storage chat it's 4500 for all factions", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00188-00091728-00092040": "but every faction has a different upgrade to it", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00189-00092040-00092504": "but keep in mind storage sheds are fragile and highly explosive", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00190-00092568-00092760": "so it's better to keep them in the back", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00191-00092816-00093136": "every storage shed adds roughly a thousand of max", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00192-00093136-00093608": "ammo and if they are built too close to each other it can start a chain reaction", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00193-00093672-00094160": "there are three ways you can supply your units in the front line with ammo", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00194-00094160-00094488": "the first is the most basic and its trucks", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00195-00094568-00094896": "you can deploy your trucks to an ammo supply", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00196-00094896-00095384": "it has a fairly medium sized range and you can undeploy it afterwards", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00197-00095384-00095656": "the second method is to use a halftrack,", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00198-00095656-00096264": "halftracks have a very small range of supply but they are very mobile and can support tanks", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00199-00096264-00096736": "that are raiding the enemy front lines they are also great for flag raids", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00200-00096736-00097248": "the third method which is usually more related to mid game and late game", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00201-00097248-00097416": "it's the large supply depot", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00202-00097504-00098152": "only cranes can build this and this is the largest area of supply you can achieve with", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00203-00098152-00098768": "the exception of italy which is a faction that the supply range of all instances are enhanced", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00204-00098832-00099000": "now let's talk about sight", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00205-00099000-00099632": "sight is something of extreme importance both in the early game all the way to late game", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00206-00099632-00100008": "if you hold shift over a unit you'll see three circles", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00207-00100072-00100616": "the red circle also appears when you start at the attack command, shows the range of attack", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00208-00100616-00101184": "of the unit the green circle is the sight range, spots infantry and vehicles alike", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00209-00101440-00102136": "the purple circle on the other hand is the radar in that area you won't see the enemy but in the", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00210-00102136-00102776": "radar range you can see red blips that pop up like in radars and vehicle dusts,", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00211-00102856-00103352": "these are usually made from vehicles buildings and howitzers", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00212-00103352-00103880": "there are three ways you can clear the fog of war the first and most simple is to just use infantry", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00213-00103976-00104680": "the second is to use infantry and the vehicle scout and the third is to use scout plane", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00214-00104752-00105328": "the infantry scout is the binoculars guy in the vehicle scout is usually a car or jeep", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00215-00105383-00106080": "both ground scouts are used in the same way select them individually and use the attack command", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00216-00106144-00106583": "always make sure that there is no objects or friendly units in the way", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00217-00106672-00107024": "the scout plane on the other hand is much more powerful than both", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00218-00107024-00107511": "it reveals a huge vehicle sight area and a medium-sized infantry sight area", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00219-00107592-00108272": "however like aircraft it has a timer and it's the most fragile aircraft in the game", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00220-00108328-00108664": "now the last part that we need to talk about sight is smoke", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00221-00108728-00108935": "smoke can be used from mortars", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00222-00108935-00109520": "or howitzers, howitzers are much better than mortars but mortars can do the job just fine", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00223-00109520-00109856": "any unit inside the smoke will become very inaccurate", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00224-00109856-00110328": "and if large amounts of smoke are used like in the case of howitzers", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00225-00110328-00110576": "their sight can be compromised as well", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00226-00110576-00110920": "the last chapter of the basics is about vehicles all vehicles", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00227-00110920-00111335": "will follow the same rules however tanks are the best example for this", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00228-00111335-00111759": "first thing you need to know is that the tank is divided into two sections", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00229-00111816-00112144": "the first being the turret and the second being the hull", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00230-00112216-00112504": "the armor values that are more on the bottom", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00231-00112576-00113328": "is for the hull the ones that are more inner to the tank will be the turret so how do i", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00232-00113328-00113976": "know this armor is good to put it simply when both of these numbers are higher the better", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00233-00113976-00114759": "but you can't be deceived by the low millimeter of the armor for example the Te-ke from the japanese", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00234-00114759-00115296": "is only 14 millimeters but because of the 72 degrees slope armor", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00235-00115383-00116024": "that will usually go towards the 30 millimeter or even 40 depending on the angle of the shot", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00236-00116080-00116432": "the angle of the shot is also counted towards this when you shoot a tank", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00237-00116488-00117144": "and that tank is slightly deviated to the sides there's a possibility that that will do", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00238-00117144-00117496": "no damage at all because the tank was very well angled", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00239-00117496-00118248": "this forces positioning on tanks to be very important so you can exploit this you can force", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00240-00118248-00118704": "your enemy to angle incorrectly this is very easy to achieve when you have multiple tanks", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00241-00118880-00119248": "but how do i know i can damage that tank with my tank", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00242-00119304-00119888": "well if you select your tank and press A or the attack command you can go within", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00243-00119888-00120472": "the range of attack of your tank and see how much millimeters you can penetrate", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00244-00120528-00120744": "the closer the tank is the better", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00245-00120888-00121048": "but also more risky", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00246-00121176-00121776": "with the exception of italy that has HEAT shells which are not affected by distance", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00247-00121832-00122248": "now we get into the early game section the following sections", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00248-00122248-00122559": "in this one will help you get started on your first games", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00249-00122559-00123016": "before anything it's recommended that you play with a faction with strong infantry", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00250-00123016-00123159": "and balance tanks", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00251-00123159-00123544": "Great britain, US, Germany, are very good starters", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00252-00123600-00124088": "early game is the moment where you want to know quickly what faction you're going up against", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00253-00124088-00124480": "that's when you can zoom-in in the flags that the enemy is capturing", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00254-00124480-00124711": "and see what flag is going to be displayed", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00255-00124711-00125240": "Sweden, USSR, and Japan will usually tech towards towed gun yard more often", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00256-00125240-00125608": "so prepare for mounted anti-tank guns and mounted field guns", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00257-00125608-00125983": "in the case of the other factions expect light vehicle competition", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00258-00126064-00126608": "but going with the more easy starter factions what you want to do is capture flags with your infantry", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00259-00126680-00126928": "make two to three engineers on your headquarters", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00260-00127008-00127583": "and make the headquarters squadron and leave it on loop to bring them on the front lines", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00261-00127640-00128200": "with those engineers make a light vehicle yard and build light vehicles to support your infantry", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00262-00128200-00128592": "keep the pressure on the flags and make a barracks if more infantry is needed", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00263-00128711-00129088": "it's recommended you use your scout plane two to four minutes in", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00264-00129159-00129448": "the scout plane is great to gain information quickly", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00265-00129448-00129808": "send your scout plane to where you think the enemy spawned", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00266-00129808-00130064": "so that you can see the headquarters positioning and", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00267-00130064-00130359": "if they're teching towards light vehicles or towed", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00268-00130359-00130568": "try to keep your scout plane alive,", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00269-00130568-00130944": "you will receive the money that this scout plane costs back if he survives", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00270-00131024-00131528": "early game phase can end quickly or take a little more time depending on the map you're at", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00271-00131624-00132000": "some maps will have economy which will rapidly increase and enter", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00272-00132000-00132488": "into a mid game in about 10 minutes while others might take 20 minutes", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00273-00132560-00132720": "early game is very simple", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00274-00132720-00133184": "as long as you keep countering the enemy and hold your lines and supply your units", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00275-00133256-00133624": "however when we get into mid-game tanks come into play", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00276-00133688-00134184": "tanks will work in the same way as light vehicles, infantry will help them get sight", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00277-00134184-00134584": "and in return they will kill infantry and deal with other tanks", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00278-00134584-00135136": "the difference here is that the penetration values will become harder requiring multiple tanks to", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00279-00135136-00135856": "flank or upgrading the tank yard for better tanks or upgrading the towed gun yard to tank destroyers", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00280-00135912-00136432": "for your first games it's recommended that you make a towed yard and upgrade to tank destroyers", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00281-00136432-00136848": "this is where scouts become very important use them to help your", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00282-00136848-00137392": "tank destroyers take care of the enemy tanks and if you upgraded into tank destroyers,", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00283-00137392-00137872": "if you have both the money and the ammo to sustain howitzers, you should definitely do them", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00284-00137952-00138584": "tank destroyers are only made from the upgraded towed gun yard with the exception from the US,", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00285-00138584-00138848": "that can make the wolverine from the tank yard", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00286-00138904-00139176": "tank destroyers are fantastic tank killers", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00287-00139176-00139656": "they only target vehicles, so they don't waste ammo on infantry and have great range", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00288-00139728-00140280": "in counterpart they are usually turretless making combat on hills more difficult for them", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00289-00140280-00140768": "they also don't have much armor to defend themselves and generally have a longer reload", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00290-00140768-00141136": "in their own way they can be considered the sniper class of the tanks", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00291-00141192-00141608": "In the late game enough money or ammo has been reached", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00292-00141608-00141976": "this is where you can start really going to howitzers and aircraft", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00293-00141976-00142288": "together with your armada of tanks and infantry", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00294-00142288-00142688": "in the late game you want to continue producing medium tanks and infantry,", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00295-00142688-00142976": "tank destroyers and keep using your scouts", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00296-00142976-00143600": "but to break the tie you want to get howitzers going either to destroy the enemies howitzers", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00297-00143600-00143880": "or to disrupt their infantry reinforcements", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00298-00143880-00144120": "don't use all howitzers with explosives,", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00299-00144120-00144528": "mix them with smoke and explosive shells for maximum performance", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00300-00144528-00144840": "smoke will make sure you can safely advance and make", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00301-00144840-00145328": "enemy units miss their shots while explosive shells will kill infantry in their radius", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00302-00145400-00145664": "howitzers will be inaccurate if they don't have sight", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00303-00145664-00146072": "they can still shoot without clear view of the enemy when using the attack command however", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00304-00146248-00146600": "if the howitzer has sight of the target it will start to target it,", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00305-00146704-00147200": "after a few shots, the following ones will have a precise accuracy", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00306-00147200-00147560": "In the late game and even mid-game you can do aircraft", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00307-00147616-00147864": "to do aircraft in the early game is a gamble,", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00308-00147928-00148496": "aircraft is very expensive and will slow you down by a lot if you decide to do it early", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00309-00148496-00148824": "in order to make aircraft, make a radar", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00310-00148824-00149496": "radar not only allows you to build your aircraft but it will also detect incoming aircraft too", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00311-00149496-00149744": "going with aircraft has a very specific goal to", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00312-00149744-00150136": "either destroy ground targets or to take down enemy aircraft", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00313-00150224-00150768": "every aircraft takes some time in order to get into the battlefield to simulate reinforcements", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00314-00150848-00151232": "and every aircraft has a timer in order to simulate fuel", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00315-00151320-00151664": "all factions have generally 5 aircraft squadrons", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00316-00151664-00151992": "Interceptors which arrive in 15 seconds", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00317-00151992-00152512": "are inferior to fighters but perfect for killing bombers that are unprotected", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00318-00152512-00152840": "Fighters arrive in 30 seconds your main use of air", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00319-00152840-00153344": "combat they can easily go versus interceptors, fighters and bombers", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00320-00153344-00153576": "Bombers arrive in 45 seconds,", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00321-00153576-00154040": "bombers are designed to destroy buildings and they can also destroy tanks if needed", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00322-00154040-00154680": "Ground attackers also arrive in 45 seconds and they are specifically designed to destroy tanks", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00323-00154680-00154832": "and lastly the Scout plane", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00324-00154832-00155136": "this is the same scout plane from the headquarters and barracks", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00325-00155136-00155416": "however it is built much faster in the radar", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00326-00155416-00155752": "use aircraft to destroy valuable ground targets or", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00327-00155752-00156280": "intercept enemies aircraft and make sure they stay alive to get your command back", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00328-00156280-00156656": "Great britain and US, they have special landers", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00329-00156656-00157056": "US has paratroopers and Great britain has gliders", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00330-00157168-00157352": "and lastly for the late game", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00331-00157416-00157496": "heavy tanks", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00332-00157560-00157872": "the purpose of heavy tank is to provide a tank that can press", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00333-00157872-00158312": "forward, survive a couple of hits and possibly deal with other medium tanks", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00334-00158312-00158856": "heavy tanks can be a menace, if no gun can penetrate it aircraft or smoke might be the", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00335-00158856-00159384": "only solution, they generally have a long reload and are more expensive so treat them carefully", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00336-00159624-00160096": "Learning naval is pretty easy, because naval is straightforward", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00337-00160096-00160464": "Make a barracks as quickly as you can and then make a boatyard truck", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00338-00160528-00160872": "move this truck to the deep waters and then deploy it", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00339-00160944-00161592": "all factions have a fast torpedo boat which currently don't actually have working torpedoes", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00340-00161592-00161928": "an HE based boat and an AP based boat", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00341-00162032-00162584": "an infantry lander and the two transport boats that you can make with engineers as well", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00342-00162704-00163288": "and after upgrading the boat yard you can unlock a long ranged boat and a tank lander", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00343-00163288-00163792": "the reason why naval is straight forward is because of how the combat works", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00344-00163792-00164240": "boats that have no armor are going to be vulnerable to HE attacks", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00345-00164360-00164736": "and boats that are armored will be vulnerable to AP attacks", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00346-00164904-00165384": "boat turrets that are manned and don't have any type of cover", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00347-00165440-00165704": "will be able to be suppressed just like infantry", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00348-00165776-00166160": "since boat turrets can be destroyed and boats have a large", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00349-00166160-00166552": "pool of hp they will usually survive combat", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00350-00166552-00166872": "however you need them to go back into combat,", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00351-00166872-00167352": "so it's recommended that if a boat survives or if you can retreat that boat in time", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00352-00167352-00167880": "make a couple of engineers and use the repair command on a large radius so that", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00353-00167880-00168288": "your engineers can repair both the boat and the turrets that have been destroyed", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00354-00168288-00168672": "getting good with naval comes with a lot of experience really", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00355-00168672-00169160": "after you know all factions cons and pros you can easily dominate the seas", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00356-00169320-00169552": "Thank you for watching, if you still have a lot of", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00357-00169552-00169856": "questions don't be afraid to ask them on our battle room", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00358-00169952-00170568": "there's also a wiki and a tutorial on the github page so you can go there,", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00359-00170568-00171008": "it's also in the description, there's a shorter version of this tutorial in the description but", "6h1iwu4LKSg-00360-00171008-00172384": "its very incomplete in comparison to this one but then again thank you for watching."}}, {"audio_id": "6hiekHg99WE", "text": {"6hiekHg99WE-00000-00000167-00000217": "a.", "6hiekHg99WE-00001-00000217-00000417": "AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA-"}}, {"audio_id": "6hv60NlLVcu", "text": {"6hv60NlLVcu-00000-00000000-00000184": "asalam alykum wr wb", "6hv60NlLVcu-00001-00000184-00000496": "hello guys welcome to the channel hope you're having yourself a wonderful day", "6hv60NlLVcu-00002-00000496-00000808": "juman mubarak in today's video we'll be reacting to what habib", "6hv60NlLVcu-00003-00000880-00001376": "said in moscow this video was suggested by dita rosso thank you very much for taking the time to", "6hv60NlLVcu-00004-00001376-00001839": "send me your recommendation and suggestion for those of you who are new or new happen to come", "6hv60NlLVcu-00005-00001839-00002240": "across this channel in this video for the first time i'd like to take a moment and welcome you", "6hv60NlLVcu-00006-00002240-00002656": "guys to the channel i upload videos every day so if you guys like the content as well as the", "6hv60NlLVcu-00007-00002656-00003040": "channel and want to be part of this journey please consider subscribing to the channel and turning", "6hv60NlLVcu-00008-00003040-00003408": "notification on so you're notified when new videos uploaded stay tuned guys we'll be right back", "6hv60NlLVcu-00009-00004120-00004440": "welcome back guys we're going to get started with the video momentarily and at the end of the video", "6hv60NlLVcu-00010-00004440-00004832": "i'll be sharing with you my observation reaction so please make sure you stay until the end", "6hv60NlLVcu-00011-00004832-00005784": "with that said we're gonna get started with our third and last video of the day", "6hv60NlLVcu-00012-00007352-00007895": "ufc lightweight champion habib nur muhammad held a press conference in moscow on friday", "6hv60NlLVcu-00013-00007895-00008568": "august 14. the dagestani-based fighter appeared to discuss his upcoming bout against current interim", "6hv60NlLVcu-00014-00008568-00009192": "ufc lightweight champion justin gaijin therein the eagle addressed his emotions", "6hv60NlLVcu-00015-00009192-00009984": "and his thought process and gave some beautiful answers to questions apart from his career", "6hv60NlLVcu-00016-00018160-00018720": "that he believes that spirituality is much more essential to him gives us an idea of the humility", "6hv60NlLVcu-00017-00018720-00019528": "of his character his piousness for islam and his faith and responsibilities as a dutiful muslim we", "6hv60NlLVcu-00018-00019528-00020152": "have been always taught as muslims that no matter what or who you become you are equal in the eyes", "6hv60NlLVcu-00019-00020152-00020920": "of allah it is your deeds morals and character that is going to take you forward in life", "6hv60NlLVcu-00020-00021016-00021624": "you can be as rich as popular or as prestigious if you want to but it will not last forever", "6hv60NlLVcu-00021-00021680-00022320": "nothing lasts forever even if you are a wealthy man a title holder or a conqueror", "6hv60NlLVcu-00022-00022320-00022960": "you will face defeat in your life allah subhana wa tala tests us with difficulties and problems", "6hv60NlLVcu-00023-00022960-00023984": "to watch the paths we choose to overcome our problems in our life's journey", "6hv60NlLVcu-00024-00029288-00029583": "foreign", "6hv60NlLVcu-00025-00030288-00030768": "the beautiful way brother habib explained his emotions regarding his victories in", "6hv60NlLVcu-00026-00030768-00031424": "this world being secondary to his spirituality is heartwarming the reason behind habib's character", "6hv60NlLVcu-00027-00031424-00032048": "being so powerful is that he's not only a strong believer but is consistent in nature to follow", "6hv60NlLVcu-00028-00032048-00032720": "his beliefs what made this press conference heart warming is that despite being a powerful influence", "6hv60NlLVcu-00029-00032720-00033280": "habib has never gone out of respect either in or out of the cage brothers and sisters i'm", "6hv60NlLVcu-00030-00033280-00033776": "not telling you to idolize habib or anybody but we must collect the good from people who", "6hv60NlLVcu-00031-00033776-00034384": "are true to their character brothers and sisters never look down upon somebody just because they", "6hv60NlLVcu-00032-00034384-00035112": "are nobody remember the life you are living is temporary and nothing but a test ground from allah", "6hv60NlLVcu-00033-00035112-00035592": "and it is your belief which will distinguish you from the disbelievers on the day of judgment", "6hv60NlLVcu-00034-00035672-00036128": "every single passing moment brings us closer to either paradise or hell", "6hv60NlLVcu-00035-00036128-00036672": "never forget that you are being tested even right at this moment and that the result of this", "6hv60NlLVcu-00036-00036672-00037280": "test will determine your afterlife also never forget that this result of this test is very", "6hv60NlLVcu-00037-00037280-00037944": "near so brothers and sisters stay true to your religion and the rest almighty will take care of", "6hv60NlLVcu-00038-00037944-00038400": "do not lose touch with him as there are no ideal people no matter how hard the", "6hv60NlLVcu-00039-00038400-00038928": "situation is hold the bond tightly because if you lose the supreme you'll lose everything", "6hv60NlLVcu-00040-00039000-00039536": "so that's it for today guys if you liked our video hit the thumbs up button masha that's why i like", "6hv60NlLVcu-00041-00039536-00040176": "brother i watch his fight he's one of the only fighters that i actually follow uh because of", "6hv60NlLVcu-00042-00040176-00040752": "the respect the humility that he has and you know swallow his father actually passed away not too", "6hv60NlLVcu-00043-00040752-00041392": "long ago may allah forgive his sins and grant them jannah and give brother habib and their family", "6hv60NlLVcu-00044-00041520-00042072": "and you know brother khabib always stays humble although for example he has had a", "6hv60NlLVcu-00045-00042160-00042920": "masala really really good career in ufc uh 28-0 which i don't think anybody else has", "6hv60NlLVcu-00046-00043024-00043640": "done he stay still stays humble he doesn't you know for example stand up and and say that this", "6hv60NlLVcu-00047-00043640-00044048": "is for me but rather you know he says that this is from the almighty and at the end of the day", "6hv60NlLVcu-00048-00044048-00044560": "we all have to leave this world nothing lasts forever you know look at for example kings uh", "6hv60NlLVcu-00049-00044560-00045184": "in the time of uh like in egypt for example we look at changes ha and alexander the great", "6hv60NlLVcu-00050-00045264-00045768": "nobody's around right they had their time and no matter how rich how powerful they were everybody's", "6hv60NlLVcu-00051-00045768-00046384": "under the ground and you know even them the kings and the emperors and the most powerful as well", "6hv60NlLVcu-00052-00046384-00047128": "as a poor person still will go you know in the same ground and similar grave it's not important", "6hv60NlLVcu-00053-00047128-00047680": "whether we are rich in this life or not what is important is our deeds in front of allah like", "6hv60NlLVcu-00054-00047792-00048368": "our character our humility and how good we are to each other and what one thing that i loved", "6hv60NlLVcu-00055-00048368-00048880": "that he said was for example if we can't do good we should not harm other people which is really", "6hv60NlLVcu-00056-00048880-00049616": "really really good thing to think about as well as uh follow um you know because you know if we can't", "6hv60NlLVcu-00057-00049616-00050152": "help somebody at least we should not make their situation worse so i love brother khabib but i", "6hv60NlLVcu-00058-00050152-00050736": "hope you guys uh follow him as well and we should you know like the brother said in the video try to", "6hv60NlLVcu-00059-00050736-00051224": "take some good things from his characteristics um i truly enjoyed this video guys thank you", "6hv60NlLVcu-00060-00051224-00051648": "very much for suggesting it i hope you did too if you did please don't forget to like", "6hv60NlLVcu-00061-00051648-00052040": "comment share and subscribe and if you like me to react to another video please put in the comment", "6hv60NlLVcu-00062-00052040-00052520": "section below as always guys your mama mubarak i hope you guys have yourself a wonderful day take", "6hv60NlLVcu-00063-00052520-00053384": "care of yourself and your family and inshallah i'll see you guys tomorrow take care and wassalam"}}, {"audio_id": "6h-_UdOP8Qu", "text": {"6h-_UdOP8Qu-00000-00000699-00000892": "\"Они пытались от меня избавиться\"", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00001-00001067-00001134": "\"У них не вышло\"", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00002-00001292-00001483": "ВЗЛОМАЙ ИГРЫ APEX", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00003-00001683-00001801": "ВМЕСТЕ С CRYPTO", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00004-00001883-00001946": "\"Cледуйте за мной\"", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00005-00002050-00002184": "\"Я не гонюсь за титулом\"", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00006-00002293-00002477": "\"Мне нравится убивать\"", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00007-00002651-00002884": "\"Правила изменились. Никому не доверяйте...\"", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00008-00002984-00003134": "ИСПОРЬТЕ ВЕЧЕРИНКУ", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00009-00003750-00003950": "\"А теперь самое интересное\"", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00010-00004050-00004201": "\"Забрать все с твоего трупа\"", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00011-00004434-00004598": "РАЗБЛОКИРОВАН НОВЫЙ, ОГРАНИЧЕННЫЙ ПО ВРЕМЕНИ, БОЕВОЙ ПРОПУСК", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00012-00004618-00004984": "\"Владея информацией, легко станешь Богом\"", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00013-00005492-00005583": "НОВЫЕ ВРЕМЕННЫЕ РЕЖИМЫ", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00014-00005600-00005850": "\"Заставим их истекать кровью\"", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00015-00005850-00005900": "ИГРА С ОРУЖИЕМ", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00016-00006000-00006180": "ВЗЛОМ", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00017-00006180-00006318": "\"Некоторые ошибки можно исправить\"", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00018-00006384-00006589": "\"За другие приходится платить\"", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00019-00006851-00006984": "\"Я вам не пешка\"", "6h-_UdOP8Qu-00020-00006984-00007160": "\"Я тут для того чтобы прервать игру\""}}, {"audio_id": "6hVxuQ8W_z8", "text": {"6hVxuQ8W_z8-00000-00000826-00001049": "and I mean and then on Tesla I mean", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00001-00001049-00001312": "Tesla is obviously from from our from my", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00002-00001312-00001612": "vantage success I mean it's I mean what", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00003-00001612-00001957": "do you think is in in that into well one", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00004-00001957-00002086": "I mean I'll ask kind of the same", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00005-00002086-00002249": "question what did you think you you know", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00006-00002249-00002386": "this is something that was a GM and", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00007-00002386-00002576": "Toyota and these massive multi-billion", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00008-00002576-00002741": "dollar organizations have been trying", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00009-00002741-00002951": "you know what gave you the confidence to", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00010-00002951-00003164": "kind of pursue it and and now that it", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00011-00003164-00003350": "seems to be a huge success", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00012-00003350-00003490": "where do you think this industry is", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00013-00003490-00003776": "going to be in the next 5-10 years yes", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00014-00003776-00004040": "so with with Tesla the goal is to try to", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00015-00004040-00004237": "accelerate the advent of sustainable", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00016-00004237-00004508": "transport I think would happen anyway", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00017-00004508-00004719": "could just go out of necessity but", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00018-00004719-00004897": "because we have a none priced", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00019-00004897-00005187": "externality in the cost of gasoline", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00020-00005187-00005447": "we're pricing in the environmental", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00021-00005447-00005642": "effects of co2 in the oceans and", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00022-00005642-00006040": "atmosphere that that's causing the", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00023-00006040-00006242": "normal market forces to not function", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00024-00006242-00006498": "properly and so the goal of Tesla is to", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00025-00006498-00006906": "try to act as a catalyst to accelerate", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00026-00006906-00007147": "that those sort of normal forces that", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00027-00007147-00007315": "the the normal sort of market reaction", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00028-00007315-00007628": "that would occur we're trying to have a", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00029-00007628-00007948": "catalytic effect on that yeah and and", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00030-00007948-00008114": "try to make it happen", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00031-00008114-00008327": "I don't know maybe ten years sooner than", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00032-00008327-00008536": "it would otherwise occur yeah that's", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00033-00008536-00008725": "that's that's the goal of Tesla so", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00034-00008725-00008917": "that's reason we're making electric cars", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00035-00008917-00009299": "and not any other kind of car and we", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00036-00009299-00009521": "also have supply power trains to Toyota", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00037-00009521-00009821": "and to Mercedes and or maybe to other", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00038-00009821-00010042": "car companies in the future to", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00039-00010042-00010484": "accelerate their production of electric", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00040-00010484-00010717": "vehicles so that that's that's the sort", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00041-00010717-00010885": "of goal there and so you know working", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00042-00010885-00011063": "everybody well I mean I just saw a news", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00043-00011063-00011182": "report earlier today that y'all are sold", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00044-00011182-00011503": "more Model S's than you are leading that", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00045-00011503-00011665": "segment of the industry that the", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00046-00011665-00011963": "Mercedes s-class the BMW 7 Series or the", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00047-00011963-00012379": "Lexus ls400 or whatever it is yeah", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00048-00012379-00012546": "actually that that seems to be the case", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00049-00012546-00012925": "and it's yeah I didn't realize they sold", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00050-00012925-00013309": "so a few cars in that segment that's", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00051-00013309-00013718": "mini quarter you know twelve out here", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00052-00013718-00013835": "they seem like you know every yeah I", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00053-00013835-00013884": "mean", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00054-00013884-00014169": "this is our home yeah yeah yeah team you", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00055-00014169-00014556": "know so it's a wee bit us all out of the", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00056-00014556-00014672": "berry yeah yeah yeah", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00057-00014672-00015047": "no but that's and and well I mean it", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00058-00015047-00015168": "seemed similar thing I mean what what", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00059-00015168-00015284": "how did you start what gave you the", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00060-00015284-00015447": "confidence and I mean do you see", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00061-00015447-00015569": "yourselves I mean it's kind of a major", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00062-00015569-00015804": "automotive mainstream brand and in 5-10", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00063-00015804-00015993": "years all the way down to kind of the", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00064-00015993-00016166": "you know the competing with the Honda", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00065-00016166-00016533": "Accords and civics yeah I mean I mean I", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00066-00016533-00016856": "go it's not just it's not sort of to", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00067-00016856-00017139": "become a brand big brand or to compete", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00068-00017139-00017697": "with Honda Civics but rather to advance", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00069-00017697-00018000": "the course electric vehicles so we're", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00070-00018000-00018231": "just going to keep making more and more", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00071-00018231-00018431": "electric cars and driving the price", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00072-00018431-00018797": "point down until the industry is very", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00073-00018797-00019203": "firmly electric you know like maybe half", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00074-00019203-00019341": "of all cars made our electric or", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00075-00019341-00019464": "something like that which is not to say", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00076-00019464-00019584": "that we expect to make all half all", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00077-00019584-00019845": "because we we want to just have that", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00078-00019845-00020004": "catalytic effect until at least that", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00079-00020004-00020208": "occurs I think the point which there's", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00080-00020208-00020409": "you know we're approaching half both new", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00081-00020409-00020565": "cars made our electric then I think", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00082-00020565-00020769": "that's I would consider that to be kind", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00083-00020769-00021129": "of the victory condition Wow and and so", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00084-00021129-00021345": "the faster we can bring that day but the", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00085-00021345-00021654": "better one would be your guess when that", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00086-00021654-00022095": "happens well I made a bet with someone", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00087-00022095-00022331": "about three years ago that it would be", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00088-00022331-00022518": "sooner than twenty years so it's 17", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00089-00022518-00022760": "years from now but right but that's I", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00090-00022760-00023148": "think that's conservative I think is", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00091-00023148-00023817": "probably you know maybe we've thirteen", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00092-00023817-00023960": "or fourteen years Wow", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00093-00023960-00024123": "right right about the time happen right", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00094-00024123-00024465": "when the run to Mars it'll be exciting", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00095-00024465-00024738": "exciting time yeah absolutely true", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00096-00024738-00024960": "that's just good yeah exactly as this", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00097-00024960-00025128": "thing about that it was like this time K", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00098-00025128-00025610": "frames are kind of coincident yeah yeah", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00099-00025610-00025920": "I mean the nature of new technology", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00100-00025920-00026097": "adoption is a test to follow an s-curve", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00101-00026097-00026268": "so so what usually happens is people", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00102-00026268-00026402": "under predicted in the beginning as", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00103-00026402-00026535": "people tend to extrapolate on a straight", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00104-00026535-00026736": "line and and then they'll over predict", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00105-00026736-00026970": "it kind of at the midpoint and because", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00106-00026970-00027141": "there's there's late adopters", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00107-00027141-00027387": "you know it'll actually take longer than", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00108-00027387-00027648": "people think at the midpoint but much", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00109-00027648-00027750": "shorter than people think at the", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00110-00027750-00028119": "beginning yeah yeah and yeah but I'm", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00111-00028119-00028239": "pretty excited about how things going", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00112-00028239-00028581": "it's and in fact I think I think that", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00113-00028581-00028785": "the pace of Technology improvement is in", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00114-00028785-00029061": "energy storage like lectionary storages", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00115-00029061-00029292": "is really moving faster than anyone", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00116-00029292-00029442": "thinks Wow Wow", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00117-00029442-00029664": "I got it one more but are we doing on", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00118-00029664-00029901": "time where's Esther a nine o'clock so", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00119-00029901-00030008": "how much time do you have", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00120-00030008-00030279": "okay I can spare another 1500 okay okay", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00121-00030279-00030470": "so I'll fish with one last question then", "6hVxuQ8W_z8-00122-00030470-00030727": "we'll open it up"}}, {"audio_id": "6i5UU4_EX2U", "text": {"6i5UU4_EX2U-00000-00000188-00000388": "Eduard", "6i5UU4_EX2U-00002-00000560-00000760": "Evelym Daneiel", "6i5UU4_EX2U-00004-00000960-00001160": "SiMi", "6i5UU4_EX2U-00005-00001160-00001360": "Dua", "6i5UU4_EX2U-00006-00001360-00001560": "Ss", "6i5UU4_EX2U-00008-00001760-00001960": "32"}}, {"audio_id": "6iiSmi9WH8I", "text": {"6iiSmi9WH8I-00000-00000088-00000582": "sorry about that um got a little emotional there but um", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00001-00000582-00000842": "hi banks he's like what are you doing", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00002-00000919-00001240": "you guys have no idea how long i've been wanting to do this and", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00003-00001296-00001500": "i am here to tell you that", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00004-00001500-00001838": "it doesn't matter what people think you are going to regret not doing the", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00005-00001848-00002560": "things that you've always wanted to do and letting what other people think of you stop you", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00006-00002560-00003053": "this isyour life this is your journey so do what you want", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00007-00003053-00003213": "all right so where were we", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00008-00003213-00003436": "so i didn't even filmha", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00009-00003436-00003847": "i forgot to film the part where i went like this and we are starting with the side so this", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00010-00003847-00004333": "is what this side oops looks like", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00011-00004333-00004944": "and yeah it looks good so we're gonna do the other side", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00012-00004992-00005528": "my younger self is loving this cuz when i was growing up", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00013-00005528-00005928": "i always told my mom shorter shorter shorter shorter shorter", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00014-00005928-00006455": "cut my hair shorter i want it shorter and now i'm doing it", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00015-00006455-00006801": "they want you to do side side back top", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00016-00007029-00007319": "lets do it", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00017-00009288-00009430": "so cute", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00018-00010042-00010653": "next we have the back so i'm going to", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00019-00010912-00011153": "put these guys in front", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00020-00011214-00011500": "this is where my sister would come in handy but she's not here so", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00021-00011500-00011734": "okay for the back", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00022-00012576-00012936": "i love the brown though i  just got a little chocolate head", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00023-00012936-00013296": "okay so yeah i got a cowlick right here", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00024-00013512-00013699": "we're gonna do", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00025-00013699-00014013": "it's getting a little crazy back there", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00026-00014088-00014395": "okay i'm rushing enjoy the process em", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00027-00014395-00014663": "i got like a mullet going on right now", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00028-00014791-00015473": "probably honestly just cut that piece off i need another hand", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00029-00016544-00016984": "okay so now i'm going to dry", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00030-00017552-00017608": "all right", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00031-00017899-00018028": "so that was loud", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00032-00018028-00018432": "that was loud and annoying but all right now for z back", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00033-00018432-00018728": "this is where they said having someone else", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00034-00018728-00019016": "help would be nice but we're gonna", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00035-00019016-00019380": "attempt", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00036-00021728-00021954": "hey", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00037-00023279-00023594": "i do have a cowlick", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00038-00023728-00023950": "all right", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00039-00024032-00024114": "hey", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00040-00024296-00024392": "hair extensions", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00041-00024688-00025720": "i do like the brown though okay now we're going to i think go shorter on the sides yeah so we're", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00042-00025720-00026384": "just gonna change our 8 for a 6 and yeah let's do it", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00043-00026533-00026769": "all right so now we've got the six", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00044-00028208-00028361": "six versus the eight", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00045-00028616-00028870": "other side", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00046-00034384-00034608": "to be continued", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00047-00034608-00035064": "just kidding that was the song i was just listening to", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00048-00038077-00038397": "so that's what a six looks like", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00049-00038397-00038649": "and we're gonna go to go to a 4", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00050-00039632-00039904": "window's done all summer baby", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00051-00039904-00040292": "okay so now we're gonna go down to a four", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00052-00040544-00040919": "how you guys liking it cuz it feels amazing", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00053-00041033-00041200": "all right to the four", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00054-00043407-00043631": "who is she", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00055-00044840-00045115": "does kind of feel like mowing the lawn", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00056-00051991-00052229": "i think i do want the top cut", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00057-00052416-00052819": "definitely the top cut as well so we're gonna do the top now", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00058-00053232-00053338": "yes", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00059-00053338-00053524": "time for the top", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00060-00053524-00054350": "and although it was a good idea to keep the top i think i want it off so", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00061-00054360-00054621": "we are going to do the top now", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00062-00054621-00054849": "so we are back to an eight", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00063-00055984-00056230": "got a little mohawk", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00064-00056408-00056681": "little mohawk", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00065-00057879-00058095": "this is how it naturally is", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00066-00058591-00058720": "why", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00067-00058720-00058808": "did it take", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00068-00058855-00059000": "this long", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00069-00059000-00059200": "to do this", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00070-00060024-00060384": "oh my god", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00071-00062360-00062596": "to keep that or not to keep it", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00072-00062683-00062933": "okay so this is how we're doing so far", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00073-00063296-00063510": "we're gonna go a little shorter", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00074-00063510-00063710": "by the neck and by the sides", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00075-00063920-00064046": "yes", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00076-00064167-00064482": "so i've got a three im sorry what", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00077-00072560-00072789": "so the question is", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00078-00072789-00072919": "do i want to go", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00079-00073060-00073260": "shorter on top", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00080-00074040-00074318": "okay trying to figure out if i want to cut the top shorter", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00081-00074339-00074480": "but do you guys remember", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00082-00074480-00074665": "like", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00083-00074665-00074950": "when boys in school used to do this", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00084-00075280-00075474": "and it'd have that little flippy doo", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00085-00075474-00075608": "i do i remember that shit", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00086-00075688-00075875": "so what do we think short on the top", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00087-00076096-00076209": "i think so", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00088-00076712-00077184": "okay so now we got the six for the front", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00089-00078339-00078582": "oh yes i like that better", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00090-00078666-00078768": "awe", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00091-00078925-00079125": "you're so cute", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00092-00080081-00080302": "its just getting cuter and cuter", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00093-00080376-00081017": "oh by the way my sister came home", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00094-00082816-00083006": "i think even shorter on the front", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00095-00083123-00083317": "the shorter it gets the more i like it", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00096-00084096-00084240": "i'm sorry but what", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00097-00085480-00085910": "oh taking a shower tonight is gonna well probably in the next few minutes", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00098-00085928-00086137": "is gonna be amazing", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00099-00086904-00087093": "see like how it goes like that", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00100-00087183-00087467": "we're gonna go one more shorter on the top", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00101-00087484-00087534": "one more", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00102-00087568-00088078": "all right we're going four on top", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00103-00091736-00092118": "and i think that's a wrap", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00104-00094240-00094407": "ooo we're missing one thing", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00105-00094976-00095212": "love it", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00106-00096152-00096421": "i think i want to go blonde", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00107-00096487-00096687": "and just get creative with", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00108-00096774-00097075": "scarves and hats and glasses and stuff", "6iiSmi9WH8I-00109-00097256-00097832": "i'm gonna go shower and i will see you soon"}}, {"audio_id": "6iyESm7OJOI", "text": {"6iyESm7OJOI-00000-00000098-00000709": "Hey fam squad its ya boy big D izzle and today we are going to!", "6iyESm7OJOI-00001-00000709-00000828": "The Superman Festival"}}, {"audio_id": "6izbZo6HNh0", "text": {"6izbZo6HNh0-00000-00000032-00000752": "the laptop has been moved because the table. oh, why don't we assist? the reason why, i was", "6izbZo6HNh0-00001-00000752-00001432": "playing my game, and i have two more videos. come, on man. so i'll tell you what the video is."}}, {"audio_id": "6iBWBNt7Kry", "text": {"6iBWBNt7Kry-00000-00000003-00000323": "Having not enough cash in your portfolio can be a problem.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00001-00000323-00000666": "Maybe you have in front of you the opportunity of a lifetime,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00002-00000666-00001046": "but you cannot invest in it because you don't have enough cash in your portfolio.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00003-00001046-00001436": "And also having too much cash in your portfolio can be a problem.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00004-00001480-00001730": "Your portfolio is too diluted.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00005-00001733-00002260": "The S&P 500 let's say a year it gains 30%, but your portfolio is gaining only 20%", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00006-00002260-00002536": "because you have cash, too much cash in your portfolio.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00007-00002566-00002966": "So knowing how much cash you have in your portfolio is very important", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00008-00003000-00003393": "and it all depends on you. how much cash I should have in my portfolio", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00009-00003393-00003593": "and how much cash you should have in your portfolio.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00010-00003613-00003753": "This is completely different.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00011-00003753-00004056": "There is no formula that everyone can use to find", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00012-00004056-00004376": "the exact amount of cash you need in your portfolio.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00013-00004393-00004683": "So today we are going to talk about in 2023,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00014-00004690-00005063": "how do you determine how much cash do you need in your portfolio?", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00015-00005073-00005296": "I have been in both scenarios.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00016-00005313-00005663": "The one where I have too much and the one where I don't have enough.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00017-00005680-00005986": "Let's first look at the scenario which I do not have enough cash", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00018-00005986-00006843": "in my portfolio.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00019-00006843-00007070": "As I told you may be, you have the opportunity", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00020-00007070-00007383": "of a lifetime in front of you, but you cannot make an investment in that", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00021-00007403-00007670": "because you don't have enough cash in your portfolio.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00022-00007743-00008103": "Let's say you have 15 companies in your portfolio,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00023-00008113-00008463": "so you are fully invested and then you have this one company", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00024-00008483-00008843": "and this company compared to the other 15 you have in your portfolio", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00025-00008857-00009123": "is actually a better buying opportunity.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00026-00009163-00009520": "So what you have to do in that case, you have to sell other stocks", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00027-00009550-00009847": "that maybe every one of this stocks you have in your portfolio,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00028-00009850-00010003": "they are still undervalued.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00029-00010003-00010360": "So you're going to sell stocks which are undervalued in order to buy a new one", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00030-00010363-00010577": "This is not something that I would recommend", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00031-00010577-00010867": "selling stocks that are undervalued in order to buy a new one,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00032-00010883-00011320": "even if that new one is a stock that looks much better than the other ones.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00033-00011350-00011867": "Maybe it's not the one that is going to make you get the best returns", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00034-00011890-00011983": "because you don't know", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00035-00011983-00012417": "which of these 16 stocks you now have is going to be the best one.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00036-00012447-00012837": "It's not because you think a stock is the best, that it is going to be the best?", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00037-00012840-00013147": "So that's why not having cash in your portfolio is something bad,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00038-00013147-00013547": "because you're forced to sell stocks which you own and which are undervalued.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00039-00013557-00013800": "And you also don't know what will happen to the market.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00040-00013810-00014250": "So if let's say, the market crashes and now you have more opportunities,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00041-00014267-00014417": "you cannot invest.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00042-00014417-00014600": "So you are missing this opportunity.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00043-00014600-00014957": "The best time to invest most of the time is when the market is crashing", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00044-00014990-00015157": "because most stocks are going to go down.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00045-00015157-00015290": "So even the stocks", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00046-00015290-00015610": "you already own, maybe you could have increased your positions on them.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00047-00015637-00016037": "But unfortunately you cannot do that anymore because you don't have cash.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00048-00016050-00016287": "What about having too much cash in your portfolio?", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00049-00016324-00016634": "This is an issue that I faced in 2021", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00050-00016664-00016910": "after my big profits on GameStop.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00051-00016937-00017150": "I invested in GameStop in 2019.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00052-00017180-00017284": "If you don't know the story,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00053-00017284-00017557": "I will suggest you watch this video to hear everything about it.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00054-00017607-00018034": "And I made a huge profit of over 3,000% profit on that company.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00055-00018047-00018367": "At some point I had over 50% on my portfolio in GameStop,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00056-00018447-00018717": "and I didn't know what to do with so much cash", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00057-00018737-00019024": "and still facing this problem because you look at my portfolio,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00058-00019024-00019327": "today about 20% of the portfolio is in cash.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00059-00019351-00019637": "Anyway, this is the same issue I had in 2021.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00060-00019651-00020064": "So the issue still here, I was unable to find good enough investments", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00061-00020064-00020237": "to make to use all the cash.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00062-00020237-00020484": "So if you have too much, cash in your portfolio the issue.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00063-00020484-00020894": "You will face it that your returns are going to be diluted in 2022.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00064-00020941-00021087": "That was good, actually, for me.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00065-00021087-00021424": "The market went down and diluting negative returns is good.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00066-00021461-00021884": "But if the market is going up, let's say the stock market, S&P 500", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00067-00021884-00022161": "gains 30%, but you have cash in your portfolio,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00068-00022187-00022377": "your returns, of course, going to be less.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00069-00022377-00022587": "Most of the time if let's say you copy.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00070-00022587-00023001": "Exactly the S&P 500 of course if you have great investments other investments", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00071-00023007-00023327": "which does much better than the S&P 500", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00072-00023331-00023631": "and maybe even having cash is not going to be an issue.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00073-00023654-00023964": "So how much cash you need in your portfolio is not too much, not too little", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00074-00023964-00024351": "that there needs to be a Goldilocks amount of cash you need in your portfolio.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00075-00024357-00024597": "And how much is that Goldilocks", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00076-00024597-00024964": "first you need to understand what is the cash in your portfolio", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00077-00024964-00025258": "And that outside your portfolio?, what do I mean by this?", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00078-00025304-00025641": "Most people, when they think about their investments,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00079-00025664-00025884": "the included as part of the assets they own.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00080-00025918-00026214": "I do not do this because my investments it is a business.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00081-00026244-00026551": "So when I'm thinking about my investment, of course every month", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00082-00026551-00026864": "when I'm calculating how much my income, how much money I made", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00083-00026864-00027238": "my budget, of course I'm going to look at the investments as assets.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00084-00027238-00027624": "But this is a part of my assets that I know I won't be using.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00085-00027634-00027898": "It is always going to remain in stock.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00086-00027928-00028318": "My stock portfolio for me is something that I cannot touch for the time being.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00087-00028358-00028598": "Maybe for you it is different and it is okay", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00088-00028598-00028878": "because this is not what you do full time, but for me,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00089-00028878-00029138": "this is not something I can touch my stock portfolio.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00090-00029138-00029471": "I am never going to sell my stocks in order to raise cash.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00091-00029491-00029791": "If I need cash to do something, I have to find it somewhere else.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00092-00029791-00029984": "But I'm never going to sell my stocks.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00093-00029984-00030094": "Just to raise cash.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00094-00030094-00030371": "This is not something that I can do as an investor,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00095-00030378-00030698": "as a professional investor, as a Popular Investor on eToro.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00096-00030714-00030974": "But you may be you can do this. So you need to understand", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00097-00030974-00031248": "this relationship between you and your portfolio.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00098-00031288-00031635": "Once you understand this, you need to look how you increase", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00099-00031635-00032008": "the amount of cash capital in general in your portfolio.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00100-00032078-00032261": "Are you investing every month?", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00101-00032261-00032514": "If you can invest every month, then it's good for you.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00102-00032514-00032851": "Then then you have to be less worried about not having enough cash", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00103-00032868-00033075": "because every month you know you are investing.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00104-00033101-00033278": "But if you are someone you are limited.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00105-00033278-00033491": "You cannot invest every month. You invested once.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00106-00033511-00033751": "Now you have to work with everything you have.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00107-00033751-00034115": "There is no extra cash that is going to come if the market is going to crash.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00108-00034155-00034591": "So if the market is going to crash, you have to invest with what you already have.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00109-00034618-00034935": "But if let's say you are investing every month, the market is crashing,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00110-00034945-00035121": "You can find cash to invest.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00111-00035121-00035425": "You don't have to worry about not having enough cash in your portfolio.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00112-00035445-00035805": "So whatever I suggest you do, if you can do it, it's better you do it.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00113-00035805-00036151": "You look at your portfolio separately and your other assets separately.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00114-00036181-00036345": "So the cash in your portfolio,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00115-00036345-00036611": "this is cash that you are not going to use.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00116-00036611-00036878": "Maybe after some time you have to put some rules.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00117-00036878-00037095": "Whenever you invest, you put some rules to yourself.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00118-00037118-00037321": "You say to yourself, maybe after three years,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00119-00037321-00037531": "then I will start taking money out of it.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00120-00037531-00037668": "This is something you can do.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00121-00037668-00037942": "So you have your portfolio with all the cash there,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00122-00037965-00038182": "and then you have a separate account there", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00123-00038182-00038392": "where you keep all the cash that you need.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00124-00038392-00038808": "So the cash in your portfolio with your investment, this is something separate", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00125-00038832-00039168": "which you won't cash for three years, five years, how long you want.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00126-00039168-00039528": "And then you have a separate cash account which you are going to use", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00127-00039535-00039772": "according to the rules you're going to use.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00128-00039772-00040135": "You need to know if you are going to increase the capital on your portfolio", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00129-00040145-00040452": "or you're going to decrease it over time, how you're going to do that.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00130-00040475-00040868": "But keep it separate from what you need to use over the short term", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00131-00040878-00041222": "to make your emergency fund what you are investing.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00132-00041255-00041652": "So this is exactly what I do when I tell you that I have 20% of my portfolio", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00133-00041652-00041742": "in cash.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00134-00041742-00042018": "That does it mean that this is all the cash I have?", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00135-00042032-00042298": "I have cash outside my portfolio, which I don't tell you.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00136-00042348-00042688": "So if you look at all my net worth, you look at everything.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00137-00042688-00042825": "I don't know exactly how much it is.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00138-00042825-00043362": "I've never calculated it but have more cash compared to the 20%, I usually tell you", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00139-00043375-00043838": "because I need cash sometimes for short term things to buy something to travel", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00140-00043845-00044195": "somewhere and I'm not going to take cash out of my investments to do that.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00141-00044235-00044369": "So I keep this separate.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00142-00044369-00044559": "Now, let's say you have already done that.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00143-00044559-00044922": "You have your investments including the cash and then you have other cash", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00144-00044962-00045109": "in your investment portfolio,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00145-00045109-00045415": "How much of it should be in cash and cash equivalents here?", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00146-00045415-00045742": "It should depend, according to me, and I did not see this anywhere.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00147-00045742-00046079": "This is what I think it should depend on the PE ratio of the S&P 500.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00148-00046105-00046505": "If the PE ratio of the S&P 500 is high, you need to have more cash", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00149-00046505-00046809": "in your portfolio because when the PE ratio is high.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00150-00046809-00047149": "It is more likely that the market eventually is going to go down", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00151-00047169-00047452": "when the PE ratio of the S&P 500 is low,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00152-00047469-00047695": "then you need to have less cash in your portfolio", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00153-00047715-00047935": "because you are taking opportunities to buy.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00154-00047935-00048185": "Now you will tell me you don't follow the S&P 500.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00155-00048185-00048479": "You invest in companies with low market correlation.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00156-00048489-00048862": "This is exactly what I attempt to do and congratulations for doing it.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00157-00048902-00049139": "But why you have to follow the S&P 500?", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00158-00049139-00049249": "Because most stocks,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00159-00049249-00049625": "even those with low correlation, will be correlated in some way.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00160-00049625-00049982": "The S&P 500, especially if the rapid movement,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00161-00050022-00050452": "let's say the S&P 500, is crashing by 20% in just two months.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00162-00050499-00050852": "It is very likely that the stocks are also going to go down, too.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00163-00050886-00051219": "And maybe the opportunities you are going to find are going to go down", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00164-00051229-00051636": "There is no formula, as I told you, it's not because the PE ratio of the S&P", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00165-00051636-00051972": "500 is 30, that you need to be 30% of your portfolio in cash.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00166-00052009-00052452": "It depends on you, on many other factors, but this is a good standard.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00167-00052452-00052932": "You can use PE ratio of the S&P 500 and the amount of cash in your portfolio.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00168-00052956-00053259": "These two should be proportional to each other.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00169-00053259-00053466": "Of course, the one you can control is the cash.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00170-00053499-00053646": "So look at the PE ratio", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00171-00053646-00053979": "and then you determine how much cash you need to have in your portfolio", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00172-00054029-00054409": "and of course, take into consideration the others factors that I told you", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00173-00054409-00054669": "if every month you can add cash to your portfolio", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00174-00054702-00055062": "or you have to remove cash because you have already retired", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00175-00055062-00055309": "every month, take all of this in consideration.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00176-00055316-00055516": "That's why there's no exact formula.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00177-00055539-00056049": "So even if let's say you want to keep 20% of your portfolio in cash based on the p", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00178-00056049-00056579": "PE ratio of the S&P 500, but then every month you can add cash in your portfolio.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00179-00056589-00056839": "So next month you add it goes to 22%.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00180-00056913-00057409": "You have to find a way that you invest it so that it doesn't go to 30% eventually.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00181-00057426-00057603": "So you find a way to keep investing.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00182-00057603-00057856": "Maybe you are going to do dollar cost averaging.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00183-00057863-00058233": "You also need to understand that there are alternatives to holding cash,", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00184-00058256-00058716": "and one of them I can give you is arbitrage instead of holding cash.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00185-00058716-00058999": "For example, I have iRobot in my portfolio.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00186-00058999-00059126": "I have Activision Blizzard.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00187-00059126-00059333": "So these companies are going to be acquired.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00188-00059353-00059556": "So these are arbitrage opportunities.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00189-00059556-00059866": "Arbitrage is one type of special situation investing.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00190-00059896-00060126": "There are many types which I would suggest you do.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00191-00060136-00060499": "You can watch this video to learn more about special situation investing.", "6iBWBNt7Kry-00192-00060523-00060686": "Have a nice day and goodbye."}}]