[{"audio_id": "98a_eoUeea0", "text": {"98a_eoUeea0-00000-00001112-00001395": "Item #: SCP-1155", "98a_eoUeea0-00001-00001395-00001529": "Object Class: Keter", "98a_eoUeea0-00002-00001529-00002136": "Special Containment Procedures: SCP-1155 is currently contained in a disused parking lot", "98a_eoUeea0-00003-00002136-00002618": "adjacent to an abandoned shopping centre in the ███ █████ city metropolitan", "98a_eoUeea0-00004-00002618-00002760": "area.", "98a_eoUeea0-00005-00002760-00003177": "The building is to be marked condemned, and access to both it and the car park should", "98a_eoUeea0-00006-00003177-00003673": "be restricted by Foundation personnel posing as security guards from the █████████ ████ front", "98a_eoUeea0-00007-00003673-00003782": "company.", "98a_eoUeea0-00008-00003782-00004118": "Civilians are to be deterred from entering the site and supplied with Standard Cover", "98a_eoUeea0-00009-00004118-00004864": "Story 47 – “Structural Instability/Sinkhole” if they enquire as to why.", "98a_eoUeea0-00010-00004864-00005335": "SCP-1155 must be kept under constant observation by motion-tracking security cameras.", "98a_eoUeea0-00011-00005335-00006021": "If SCP-1155 is observed to vanish, Mobile Task Force Pi-1 (\"City Slickers\") should be", "98a_eoUeea0-00012-00006021-00006250": "notified immediately.", "98a_eoUeea0-00013-00006250-00006788": "Personnel should not routinely attempt to view SCP-1155 directly; observation must be", "98a_eoUeea0-00014-00006788-00006980": "conducted remotely.", "98a_eoUeea0-00015-00006980-00007445": "Whatever flat surface that SCP-1155 is currently inhabiting should be obscured from view by", "98a_eoUeea0-00016-00007445-00007998": "any standard Class II enclosed mobile containment unit, or, in situations where this cannot", "98a_eoUeea0-00017-00007998-00008514": "be effected in a timely fashion, by obstructing it with a vehicle, storage container, or displaced", "98a_eoUeea0-00018-00008514-00009075": "rubble; provided that this can be done without damaging a 3 (three) meter area around SCP-1155’s", "98a_eoUeea0-00019-00009075-00009175": "image.", "98a_eoUeea0-00020-00009175-00009845": "Following Incident 1155b, it has been observed that completely enclosing SCP-1155 has a tendency", "98a_eoUeea0-00021-00009845-00010106": "to hasten a relocation event.", "98a_eoUeea0-00022-00010106-00010624": "Revised procedures now recommend the evacuation of the immediate area surrounding SCP-1155", "98a_eoUeea0-00023-00010624-00011375": "to the minimum distance necessary to prevent contact with the general public, unless SCP-1155", "98a_eoUeea0-00024-00011375-00011925": "manifests in a high visibility location or anywhere where preventing public egress is", "98a_eoUeea0-00025-00011925-00012025": "impossible.", "98a_eoUeea0-00026-00012025-00012605": "At the present time, SCP-1155 cannot be permanently contained by any known means.", "98a_eoUeea0-00027-00012605-00013220": "Approximately every 2-4 months, SCP-1155 has been observed to spontaneously relocate itself", "98a_eoUeea0-00028-00013220-00013741": "to other urban environments, moving as little as 15 meters from its current position up", "98a_eoUeea0-00029-00013741-00014087": "to a maximum observed distance of 800 kilometers.", "98a_eoUeea0-00030-00014087-00014472": "These relocation events can also be triggered by:", "98a_eoUeea0-00031-00014472-00014862": "Damage to the surface that SCP-1155 adheres to,", "98a_eoUeea0-00032-00014862-00015312": "Interruption of an attack Any attempt to reduce the size of SCP-1155's", "98a_eoUeea0-00033-00015312-00015595": "confinement space to prevent visual contact.", "98a_eoUeea0-00034-00015595-00016065": "Therefore, current containment efforts are centered around swiftly ascertaining SCP-1155's", "98a_eoUeea0-00035-00016065-00016473": "new location and isolating it from public view.", "98a_eoUeea0-00036-00016473-00017001": "When such a relocation event occurs, Mobile Task Force Pi-1 should be immediately deployed", "98a_eoUeea0-00037-00017001-00017554": "alongside local assets to locate the new site as quickly as possible, re-implement containment", "98a_eoUeea0-00038-00017554-00017859": "procedures, and detain any witnesses.", "98a_eoUeea0-00039-00017859-00018329": "Survivors of attacks should be detained, uninjured witnesses may be administered Class-A amnesiacs", "98a_eoUeea0-00040-00018329-00018585": "and then released.", "98a_eoUeea0-00041-00018585-00019052": "Description: SCP-1155 manifests as a work of street art/graffiti depicting the form", "98a_eoUeea0-00042-00019052-00019634": "of a humanoid creature with sinewy forelimbs, claw-like hands and the head and feathers", "98a_eoUeea0-00043-00019634-00019776": "of an owl.", "98a_eoUeea0-00044-00019776-00020263": "The depicted pose is variable, but tends towards a predatory stance, with eyes that appear", "98a_eoUeea0-00045-00020263-00020512": "to track the viewer.", "98a_eoUeea0-00046-00020512-00021012": "Anyone viewing this image directly will experience a compulsion to investigate it further.", "98a_eoUeea0-00047-00021012-00021443": "Victims describe a nervous fascination and a desire to move closer.", "98a_eoUeea0-00048-00021443-00022007": "This can be resisted with effort, especially if the subject is aware of SCP-1155’s anomalous", "98a_eoUeea0-00049-00022007-00022107": "properties.", "98a_eoUeea0-00050-00022107-00022559": "If a subject approaches to within two (2) meters and is not in the line of sight of", "98a_eoUeea0-00051-00022559-00023148": "another person, they will be subjected to a violent attack, suffering severe lacerations,", "98a_eoUeea0-00052-00023148-00023678": "dismemberment of extremities, whole or partial removal of soft body parts, and penetrating", "98a_eoUeea0-00053-00023678-00024232": "head trauma consistent with those that would be inflicted by a large beak and/or talons.", "98a_eoUeea0-00054-00024232-00024798": "The attack generally takes about 6 seconds to conclude, upon which both SCP-1155 and", "98a_eoUeea0-00055-00024798-00025333": "the victim will vanish, and SCP-1155 will reappear elsewhere in the usual manner of", "98a_eoUeea0-00056-00025333-00025712": "a relocation event within seven (7) days.", "98a_eoUeea0-00057-00025712-00026104": "Attacks can be halted before this event by reestablishing line of sight to the victim,", "98a_eoUeea0-00058-00026104-00026257": "but this is not recommended.", "98a_eoUeea0-00059-00026257-00026522": "(See record of Incident 1155a).", "98a_eoUeea0-00060-00026522-00027002": "Attempts to track where the victims are taken by equipping test subjects with GPS locators", "98a_eoUeea0-00061-00027002-00027163": "have failed.", "98a_eoUeea0-00062-00027163-00027577": "Based on tested interruptions performed at predefined intervals, the attack follows a", "98a_eoUeea0-00063-00027577-00028081": "defined pattern- the victim will first be restrained, and the eyes and tongue will be", "98a_eoUeea0-00064-00028081-00028456": "removed, rapidly followed by the amputation of the hands and feet.", "98a_eoUeea0-00065-00028456-00028913": "The victim will then be disemboweled and the intestines and stomach removed.", "98a_eoUeea0-00066-00028913-00029381": "Death usually follows due to shock or rapid exsanguination, but only if the attack is", "98a_eoUeea0-00067-00029381-00029869": "interrupted by visual contact; the fate of victims who disappear along with SCP-1155", "98a_eoUeea0-00068-00029869-00030243": "at the conclusion of the attack is unknown.", "98a_eoUeea0-00069-00030243-00030388": "Addenda:", "98a_eoUeea0-00070-00030388-00030895": "Incident 1155a: Two surviving Class D personnel used for 'attack", "98a_eoUeea0-00071-00030895-00031474": "interruption' tests were given medical treatment and kept alive in the aftermath of the event.", "98a_eoUeea0-00072-00031474-00031895": "Both were incoherent and could not adequately communicate what had happened to them, though", "98a_eoUeea0-00073-00031895-00032488": "D-89786, whose eyes were removed during the attack, claimed to still be able to see, and", "98a_eoUeea0-00074-00032488-00033070": "provided a description of a \"larder\" containing bodies of previous victims of SCP-1155, along", "98a_eoUeea0-00075-00033070-00033272": "with the entity itself.", "98a_eoUeea0-00076-00033272-00033990": "D-89786 escaped from on-site quarters during a containment breach by SCP-███, and", "98a_eoUeea0-00077-00033990-00034477": "was pursued by local law enforcement in nearby ██████ who were told he was a", "98a_eoUeea0-00078-00034477-00034843": "severely disturbed patient from a local mental hospital.", "98a_eoUeea0-00079-00034843-00035376": "Officer ████ reports they saw the suspect walking in to an alleyway, but before", "98a_eoUeea0-00080-00035376-00035780": "they could apprehend, a scream was heard and when they rounded the corner it was found", "98a_eoUeea0-00081-00035780-00036361": "that D-89786 had disappeared; the alleyway was a dead end with no visible exits.", "98a_eoUeea0-00082-00036361-00037097": "D-89789 (both eyes, tongue, hands and feet removed before attack halted) was successfully", "98a_eoUeea0-00083-00037097-00037738": "transferred to Site ███. A period of rapid relocations was noted in SCP-1155, where", "98a_eoUeea0-00084-00037738-00038225": "it was observed in several public places with a posture that suggested hunting/tracking", "98a_eoUeea0-00085-00038225-00038325": "behavior.", "98a_eoUeea0-00086-00038325-00038833": "SCP-1155 appeared for several hours high up on the side of the ██████ Building,", "98a_eoUeea0-00087-00038833-00039360": "in full view of many witnesses, who fortunately could not access it.", "98a_eoUeea0-00088-00039360-00040006": "In view of the difficulties of containment, Site Command made the decision to bring D-89789", "98a_eoUeea0-00089-00040006-00040166": "back into the city.", "98a_eoUeea0-00090-00040166-00040812": "SCP-1155 was observed to appear several times on walls, advertisement boards, and bridges", "98a_eoUeea0-00091-00040812-00041077": "along the transport vehicle’s path.", "98a_eoUeea0-00092-00041077-00041712": "D-89789 was observed to become increasingly agitated and hysterical during this process.", "98a_eoUeea0-00093-00041712-00042318": "D-89789 was transferred to a remote location on the edge of city limits, placed in front", "98a_eoUeea0-00094-00042318-00042952": "of SCP-1155, whereupon visual contact was broken.", "98a_eoUeea0-00095-00042952-00043609": "SCP-1155 and D-89789 disappeared, and SCP-1155 resumed previous pattern of manageable relocation", "98a_eoUeea0-00096-00043609-00043802": "behavior.", "98a_eoUeea0-00097-00043802-00044306": "Incident 1155b: Elements of Mobile Task Force Pi-1 located", "98a_eoUeea0-00098-00044306-00044930": "SCP-1155 in abandoned subway station after most recent relocation event.", "98a_eoUeea0-00099-00044930-00045471": "Team Leader █████████ made the decision to obscure SCP-1155 with a vending", "98a_eoUeea0-00100-00045471-00045974": "machine until more containment resources arrived, on the basis that there were not enough task", "98a_eoUeea0-00101-00045974-00046421": "force members on site to guarantee a secure perimeter, and local transients were known", "98a_eoUeea0-00102-00046421-00046740": "to use the area for shelter.", "98a_eoUeea0-00103-00046740-00047384": "SCP-1155 immediately displaced to a nearby children’s playground, causing █ casualties", "98a_eoUeea0-00104-00047384-00047606": "before it could again be located.", "98a_eoUeea0-00105-00047606-00048113": "Due to highly public nature of this location, decision was made at Command level to again", "98a_eoUeea0-00106-00048113-00048644": "provoke a displacement event, resulting in the current containment location.", "98a_eoUeea0-00107-00048644-00049063": "Containment at the current location was expensive, requiring that an entire shopping centre be", "98a_eoUeea0-00108-00049063-00049612": "acquired by the Foundation and then subsequently closed, but the revised containment procedures", "98a_eoUeea0-00109-00049612-00050049": "have resulted in the longest time since a relocation event to date.", "98a_eoUeea0-00110-00050049-00050425": "The last few containment locations may point to a disturbing trend.", "98a_eoUeea0-00111-00050425-00051034": "Previously, SCP-1155 seemed to have a pattern of appearing in low traffic urban areas, often", "98a_eoUeea0-00112-00051034-00051328": "abandoned buildings or quiet underpasses.", "98a_eoUeea0-00113-00051328-00051867": "At risk of anthropomorphism, it appears to have become emboldened and will now readily", "98a_eoUeea0-00114-00051867-00052214": "appear in public spaces, which makes containment difficult.", "98a_eoUeea0-00115-00052214-00052622": "Over the objections of the containment team, leave the damn thing uncovered.", "98a_eoUeea0-00116-00052622-00053104": "Better we lose a few urban explorers or nosy kids every couple of years, rather than risk", "98a_eoUeea0-00117-00053104-00053448": "having it abduct more people before we can locate it each time.", "98a_eoUeea0-00118-00053448-00053499": "– Dr █████"}}, {"audio_id": "995nJs8RES0", "text": {"995nJs8RES0-00000-00000096-00000345": "Mastering algebra is like doing push-ups.", "995nJs8RES0-00001-00000345-00000703": "There's nothing about push-ups that you're going to need to know later in life or that", "995nJs8RES0-00002-00000703-00000998": "you would have to employ in some way on a job.", "995nJs8RES0-00003-00000998-00001319": "But the fact remains: push-ups make your body stronger.", "995nJs8RES0-00004-00001319-00001592": "And in just that way, algebra makes your brain stronger.", "995nJs8RES0-00005-00001592-00001889": "You use algebra all the time in real life.", "995nJs8RES0-00006-00001889-00002288": "It might not happen to involve numbers, but the skills are still there.", "995nJs8RES0-00007-00002288-00002591": "Say you get home from school one day and you can't find your key.", "995nJs8RES0-00008-00002591-00002728": "How would you get into your house?", "995nJs8RES0-00009-00002728-00003155": "You'd probably do some version of turning the problem around, maybe check the windows", "995nJs8RES0-00010-00003155-00003553": "to see if you could get in that way, maybe retrace your steps to see if you dropped your", "995nJs8RES0-00011-00003553-00003686": "keys somewhere.", "995nJs8RES0-00012-00003686-00004155": "Eventually, something would work out, and you'd figure out a way to get into your house.", "995nJs8RES0-00013-00004155-00004671": "Or, say you're having trouble figuring out why your significant other is mad at you.", "995nJs8RES0-00014-00004671-00005062": "You'd again be turning the problem around in your head, working one step at a time and", "995nJs8RES0-00015-00005062-00005532": "going over what you know, until you find the angle that makes the reason for his/her anger", "995nJs8RES0-00016-00005532-00005704": "clear.", "995nJs8RES0-00017-00005704-00006073": "Algebra teaches you more than how to do a math problem; it teaches you how to think", "995nJs8RES0-00018-00006073-00006570": "logically and organize information, and that is something you will need to do in your everyday", "995nJs8RES0-00019-00006570-00006916": "life, whether you think of it as algebra or not.", "995nJs8RES0-00020-00006916-00007320": "Also, you may hate algebra now, but you may realize down the line that the career you", "995nJs8RES0-00021-00007320-00007775": "want requires you to have some math knowledge, and if you don't learn it now, you will limit", "995nJs8RES0-00022-00007775-00007948": "your career choices in the future."}}, {"audio_id": "99BB2mw6_8U", "text": {"99BB2mw6_8U-00000-00000000-00000303": "Twitter is for hate", "99BB2mw6_8U-00001-00000303-00000433": "okay, you don't post this stuff", "99BB2mw6_8U-00002-00000433-00000633": "you gotta be controversial.", "99BB2mw6_8U-00003-00000653-00000853": "You should say something like", "99BB2mw6_8U-00004-00000867-00001067": "Fridays are racist.", "99BB2mw6_8U-00005-00001177-00001303": "Trevor: OK, that's the most ridiculous thing", "99BB2mw6_8U-00006-00001320-00001520": "Trevor: Friday's are not racist.", "99BB2mw6_8U-00007-00001550-00001653": "Now we're talking about it", "99BB2mw6_8U-00008-00001666-00001803": "see, it's engagement.", "99BB2mw6_8U-00009-00001803-00001926": "Trevor: No, Friday's are not racist.", "99BB2mw6_8U-00010-00001927-00002053": "Friday's are racist", "99BB2mw6_8U-00011-00002053-00002253": "yes ... this powers me!"}}, {"audio_id": "99IRmcSgDXo", "text": {"99IRmcSgDXo-00000-00000640-00001120": "what is up you guys that's me Daiwik i just want to give you a really quick update about", "99IRmcSgDXo-00001-00001120-00001728": "the channel i'm not going to post videos of i mean up to 11 after 11 it's gonna be completely", "99IRmcSgDXo-00002-00001728-00002984": "active reason my exams so yo bye bye subscribe to the channel and yeah whatever you want to do", "99IRmcSgDXo-00003-00003952-00004320": "and i'm the guy who gets really distracted so i really need to keep", "99IRmcSgDXo-00004-00004384-00004984": "this out today and study uh so yeah make sure to subscribe to my channel and click", "99IRmcSgDXo-00005-00004984-00005784": "the ring notification button and follow me on instagram and also join my server", "99IRmcSgDXo-00006-00006392-00006728": "first video guys it's a tutorial i really don't want to surprise i mean i don't want", "99IRmcSgDXo-00007-00006728-00007312": "to spoil the surprise because obviously i also have a lot of plans for the channel because", "99IRmcSgDXo-00008-00007312-00007856": "this channel is really inconsistent and play of exams it's become even more inconsistent so yeah", "99IRmcSgDXo-00009-00008176-00008704": "and yeah follow me on instagram and subscribe to the channel and follow my discord server", "99IRmcSgDXo-00010-00008832-00010240": "ah that's always the third time why people are gonna hate me oh no ah you"}}, {"audio_id": "9qfxqioKGPY", "text": {"9qfxqioKGPY-00000-00000000-00000200": "hellow guy's i hope you happy watching😁😂🤣😄😅🤗😊😙😚😏😥😣"}}, {"audio_id": "9qgzYq7gJIE", "text": {"9qgzYq7gJIE-00000-00000004-00000294": "\"All you do is water plants all day.\"", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00001-00000294-00001117": "Ok you guys, so I have the most common assumptions about me in this computer, and I'm going to", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00002-00001117-00001376": "read them and then we are going to clarify some things.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00003-00001376-00001843": "So the first one is \"you went to university but gave up your career to run your YouTube", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00004-00001843-00001943": "channel.\"", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00005-00001943-00002375": "And I'm very happy that you brought this up because I can tell you that this has been", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00006-00002375-00002835": "an idea that has been in my head for a long time, even before I quit my job - so when", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00007-00002835-00003127": "I was deciding whether to quit or not.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00008-00003127-00003705": "Because this was one of my worries, that if I quit that job, I would be giving up my career.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00009-00003705-00004257": "And I can tell you that some of this assumption is true, but I would not agree with the whole", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00010-00004257-00004496": "assumption and I'm going to explain why.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00011-00004496-00004900": "So yes, I did go to university and I studied history.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00012-00004900-00005503": "So I have a Masters in history, specifically on 20th century European history focusing", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00013-00005503-00005642": "on Holocaust studies.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00014-00005642-00006094": "So yeah, you would say that it's not closely related to plant care.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00015-00006094-00006654": "And then, I graduated and I got a job at an international organization here in Berlin,", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00016-00006654-00007316": "that was closely related to my field but not completely related, because I studied history", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00017-00007316-00007870": "and this is more a political organization, so -- but yeah, it was a similar field.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00018-00007870-00008527": "And then two years ago, I decided to quit my job and start this YouTube channel on plants.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00019-00008527-00009052": "Now, um.. you would say \"OK Lucia, so then, yes you did give up your career.\"", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00020-00009052-00009277": "But I can tell you that I don't see it that way.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00021-00009277-00009710": "In fact, I see it as embracing my career when I quit my job.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00022-00009710-00010231": "So as I said I studied the holocaust when I was in university.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00023-00010231-00010726": "And one thing that stayed with me was one conversation that I had with to be honest", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00024-00010726-00010932": "the best professor I've had in my life.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00025-00010932-00011321": "And this conversation was after reading a book on a perpetrator.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00026-00011321-00011635": "So the book was and interview with this perpetrator.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00027-00011635-00012145": "In this interview you see that this guy was a normal human being that was just taking", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00028-00012145-00013162": "steps towards a big atrocity, and he saw them as small steps, but then he became what he", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00029-00013162-00013366": "is now, right - a holocaust perpetrator.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00030-00013366-00013894": "So I was talking to my professor and I was telling her \"OK, how can I make sure - me,", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00031-00013894-00014524": "Lucia - not to fall into that so we can prevent this from ever happening again?\"", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00032-00014524-00015007": "Because this guy was a normal human being and I am, I feel, I am a normal human being.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00033-00015007-00015446": "So how can I - how can I prevent myself from falling into that?", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00034-00015446-00015961": "And she said something to me that I keep in my heart and in my mind, and I hope I can", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00035-00015961-00016556": "keep it with me for the rest of my life, which was that it's very important that we are conscious", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00036-00016556-00017173": "about where we are standing, and the people that we surround ourselves with, and the ideas", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00037-00017173-00017736": "that we listen to, and the words that we use, that we are conscious about where we stand", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00038-00017736-00018071": "in life, and that we question where we are standing.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00039-00018071-00018850": "So this came to me during -- the time when I was working in this international organization.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00040-00018850-00019442": "I felt myself that I was not close to the people that I was supposed to be helping.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00041-00019442-00020009": "I was really far from them, and I am not talking only about distance, but also we were not", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00042-00020009-00020527": "talking to them, yeah, it was just very far from the human being.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00043-00020527-00020874": "So I just didn't feel proud about my job, me personally.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00044-00020874-00021446": "Of course, I am not going against the organization, I am just saying that me personally, I didn't", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00045-00021446-00021999": "feel proud about what I was doing there and I questioned where I was standing -- I was", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00046-00021999-00022136": "questioning my actions (my purpose).", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00047-00022136-00022542": "So I decided that this was not my path and I wanted to follow another path.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00048-00022542-00023206": "So I decided to leave that and come to this path and talk about nature, something that", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00049-00023206-00023895": "gave me peace and I thought that I could bring that to other people and just embrace that", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00050-00023895-00023995": "with other people.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00051-00023995-00024591": "And I can tell you that, OK other than bringing many skills that I learned in my career to", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00052-00024591-00025057": "this channel and to this work that I have now, I would say that the biggest part of", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00053-00025057-00025291": "Plants and Lucia was that, how it began.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00054-00025291-00025808": "And it began with me questioning where I was standing and what I wanted to do with my life,", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00055-00025808-00026108": "and what I wanted to do on this planet.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00056-00026108-00026237": "And this was something...", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00057-00026237-00026645": "I think it's the most important thing that I learned in my career -- to really question", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00058-00026645-00026888": "where I stand and question my actions.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00059-00026888-00027444": "So yeah, I would say that when I did that I really embraced my career, and I embraced", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00060-00027444-00027949": "exactly what was important about that, and what was important about what I studied, and", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00061-00027949-00028302": "I hope that I can do that every day and every day of my life.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00062-00028302-00028833": "So yeah, so I would say that yes, so yes, you could say that I gave up some parts of", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00063-00028833-00029287": "my career, but I think that I embraced the most important part of it.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00064-00029287-00029799": "OK, so number two says \"You work as a teacher or something related to kids\" and this is", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00065-00029799-00030195": "a pretty good assumption because -- ok, first of all, that's not true right now, I'm not", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00066-00030195-00030833": "a teacher right now, but I used to be a teacher, so I taught English and Spanish in Czech Republic", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00067-00030833-00031547": "for sometime, and yeah, I can tell you this was one of the best jobs I've had in my life.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00068-00031547-00032170": "It was really rewarding, I really like working with people and one thing that I learned when", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00069-00032170-00032761": "I was a teacher was that every student is different and every student learns in a different", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00070-00032761-00032861": "way.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00071-00032861-00033515": "So it was really interesting and very rewarding to find the way that each student would learn", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00072-00033515-00033615": "and what helped them.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00073-00033615-00034147": "What I learned when I was a teacher, I still apply here in Plants and Lucia.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00074-00034147-00034686": "So sometimes I read your comments or your questions as if we were in a classroom, and", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00075-00034686-00034886": "then you guys were asking me a question.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00076-00034886-00035518": "Or for example, if you say that -- sometimes some comments are like \"OK, maybe text here", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00077-00035518-00036237": "would be easier,\" or \"can you please add some visuals here?\" and I really take that into", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00078-00036237-00036672": "account when I'm making the videos because it really feels like when I was preparing", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00079-00036672-00037130": "classes for my students, well as a teacher before; now I am preparing these videos and", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00080-00037130-00037674": "I really want to make them as accessible as possible to as many people as possible.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00081-00037674-00038234": "So yeah, that was a good assumption, I am not teacher anymore but yeah, I used to be", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00082-00038234-00038421": "and I used to love it.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00083-00038421-00038906": "Ok, so the next assumption was a very popular one and this one is related to language.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00084-00038906-00039450": "Some of you assumed that I don't speak Spanish, some of you said that I do, and that I speak", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00085-00039450-00039718": "also French, and other languages.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00086-00039718-00040025": "So I'm just going to put all of the assumptions here.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00087-00040025-00040215": "And yeah, so let's clarify.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00088-00040215-00040699": "My mother tongue is Spanish, so I do speak Spanish, I speak Spanish fluently, I come", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00089-00040699-00040890": "from Mexico.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00090-00040890-00041364": "And obviously I speak English, this is because my family and I moved to Canada when I was", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00091-00041364-00041859": "15, so that's when we learned English, and this is why I also have an accent when I speak,", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00092-00041859-00041959": "when I speak English.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00093-00041959-00042437": "And I can tell you that when we moved to Canada, we had a rule in our household.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00094-00042437-00042905": "My parents told us that we had to speak Spanish in the house and this was because they were", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00095-00042905-00043356": "afraid that we would forget the language, which tends to happen when you are speaking", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00096-00043356-00043484": "only one language.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00097-00043484-00043918": "The other language is still in your brain, but you can forget some words and things like", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00098-00043918-00044018": "these.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00099-00044018-00044484": "So I'm grateful that my parents had that rule because then we could just speak Spanish in", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00100-00044484-00044889": "the house and keep practicing that language, and then outside of the household we would", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00101-00044889-00044989": "speak English.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00102-00044989-00045166": "So yeah, those are my two main languages.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00103-00045166-00045547": "Then, we live in Germany so I can speak a little bit of German.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00104-00045547-00046064": "I've been studying in Germany but it's a difficult language, so I'm still learning.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00105-00046064-00047058": "But let me see, I can say something in German: \"Jetzt lerne ich Deutsch, weil ich in Berlin", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00106-00047058-00047552": "wohne, und es ist sehr richtig für mich.\"", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00107-00047552-00047909": "OK, I still have a very strong accent, I think.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00108-00047909-00048288": "The German speaker out there, I'm sorry, you can let me know.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00109-00048288-00049142": "But yeah, I am really trying to improve my German and I can tell you some tips that I", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00110-00049142-00049315": "use to learn languages.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00111-00049315-00049896": "So for example, one thing that I am doing now is I'm listening to a podcast.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00112-00049896-00050559": "This is a German podcast, I mean it's a podcast to learn German, and it is called \"Coffee", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00113-00050559-00050659": "Break German.\"", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00114-00050659-00051279": "And it's a very good podcast, they speak some English in the podcast but then as you progress,", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00115-00051279-00051720": "then in the later episodes they speak more German.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00116-00051720-00051961": "So it's really helpful.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00117-00051961-00052314": "And if you are learning another language, like Spanish, French, Italian, I think they", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00118-00052314-00052426": "have for all of those.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00119-00052426-00052873": "So coffee break Spanish, coffee break French and coffee break Italian.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00120-00052873-00053174": "And they have other languages, I think but I'm not sure.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00121-00053174-00053475": "So that's one tip that I can give you.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00122-00053475-00054022": "The second one is, I think I've said it before on this channel, we have vocabulary around", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00123-00054022-00054122": "the house.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00124-00054122-00054627": "So we we have stickers on different things in the house, and then these stickers are", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00125-00054627-00055204": "colour-coded, so this is to help us with gender because in German we have three genders - we", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00126-00055204-00055450": "have feminine, masculine and neutral.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00127-00055450-00055826": "If you speak Spanish, you know that we have feminine and masculine.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00128-00055826-00056291": "So, but yeah, that has helped me a lot just to remember the genders of the different things", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00129-00056291-00056404": "we have around the house.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00130-00056404-00056864": "And what else... yeah, you can also read books in the language.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00131-00056864-00057158": "So I have some books in German.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00132-00057158-00057600": "I would recommend, if you are just starting maybe getting books for kids and this really", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00133-00057600-00058187": "helps you just get better with the vocabulary and just practicing the language and understanding.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00134-00058187-00058714": "And you can also see some shows on TV or some movies.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00135-00058714-00059382": "I tend to watch comedies because these are really easy to understand and I always put", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00136-00059382-00059777": "a comedy that is in German and then with German subtitles.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00137-00059777-00060041": "So this also helps you also practice the language.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00138-00060041-00060522": "OK, so the next assumption is \"all you do is water plants all day.\"", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00139-00060522-00061280": "And (chuckles) ok, um.. yes, I mean not every day because we don't want to overwater our", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00140-00061280-00061380": "plants.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00141-00061380-00061798": "But yes, when I water my plants, I have a watering day.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00142-00061798-00062054": "Most of the time now is Mondays.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00143-00062054-00062407": "It used to be Saturdays, not I am doing it on Mondays.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00144-00062407-00062986": "But yeah, so every Monday I check all of my plants, and I separate the ones that need", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00145-00062986-00063483": "watering, and then I filter the water to water my plants, and then I water the plants and", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00146-00063483-00063672": "I clean the leaves.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00147-00063672-00064162": "So this can take some hours, especially if you have many plants like us.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00148-00064162-00064630": "So yeah, I would say that that assumptions is correct but not every day, just on watering", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00149-00064630-00064938": "day yeah, it can be most of the day.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00150-00064938-00065389": "And I would love to know how long you take to water so how many plants do you have?", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00151-00065389-00065660": "And how long does it take you to water?", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00152-00065660-00066266": "So just to see and also share our experiences, so also comment below I would love to know", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00153-00066266-00066366": "about that.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00154-00066366-00066881": "The next assumption is that I don't drink beer, even when I live in Germany.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00155-00066881-00067326": "And yes, to the beer lovers out there, I am sorry but yes, I don't drink beer.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00156-00067326-00067887": "I usually drink Radler here in Germany when it comes to beer, and this is basically beer", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00157-00067887-00067987": "with lemonade.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00158-00067987-00068502": "So yeah, it's not completely beer, but it's a little bit of beer.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00159-00068502-00069001": "Um.. it can be a problem because I'm dating a Czech guy, Jan also doesn't drink so much", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00160-00069001-00069265": "beer but in Czech Republic beer is really big as well.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00161-00069265-00069775": "I don't know if you know this but if you go to the Czech Republic, beer is cheaper than", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00162-00069775-00070222": "water and I'm not joking about this, this is literal: literally beer is cheaper than", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00163-00070222-00070322": "water.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00164-00070322-00070940": "So, and it is a very big part not only of German culture, but also of my partner's culture,", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00165-00070940-00071288": "which is the Czech culture.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00166-00071288-00071625": "But unfortunately, I don't drink beer.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00167-00071625-00072224": "I can drink other kinds of alcohol, like wine or other stuff, or Becherovka for example", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00168-00072224-00072350": "from Czech Republic.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00169-00072350-00072591": "But beer, no, not for me.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00170-00072591-00073123": "Ok another person said that I love to cook and this is a great assumption, I do love", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00171-00073123-00073223": "to cook.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00172-00073223-00073776": "It's just like plant care, you take your time and learn a recipe and I really love it.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00173-00073776-00073945": "I love to cook Mexican food.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00174-00073945-00074501": "So here we make even our own tortillas, I love making my own salsas with different chiles.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00175-00074501-00075064": "So I use guajillo, or chile ancho, or chile de arbol, of course.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00176-00075064-00075681": "So yeah, we like to make our own salsas and our own Mexican food and now I'm getting a", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00177-00075681-00075969": "lot into Indian food as well.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00178-00075969-00076522": "Because I've noticed, and if there are any Indian people out there watching this video,", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00179-00076522-00077066": "let me know what you think about this, but I've noticed that the spices in Indian food", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00180-00077066-00077216": "really calm me down.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00181-00077216-00077856": "Also, for example, I love Masala Chai, that also calms me down.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00182-00077856-00078272": "So I don't know if it is in my brain or it is actually true so if that's the experience", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00183-00078272-00078401": "with you, also let me know.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00184-00078401-00079154": "But yes, I do love to cook and if you know any vegetarian recipes or any vegan recipes", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00185-00079154-00079497": "that you love, please let me know in the comments below.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00186-00079497-00079635": "And yeah, we will try them here.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00187-00079635-00080237": "OK you guys, so this was the video on assumptions about me, if you liked it please let me know", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00188-00080237-00080337": "in the comments.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00189-00080337-00080917": "But yeah, thank you so much for sending your assumptions about me to me and I hope you", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00190-00080917-00081222": "liked the video, and as always I will see you in the next one.", "9qgzYq7gJIE-00191-00081222-00081393": "OK, ciaooo!"}}, {"audio_id": "9qqSearEQa8", "text": {"9qqSearEQa8-00000-00000032-00000504": "welcome back all this is daz from moderator techniques special guest this week is peter", "9qqSearEQa8-00001-00000504-00001080": "lloyd lee from superior moderator so we talk all things how to plan your moderator so so", "9qqSearEQa8-00002-00001080-00001480": "don't forget to subscribe like click that little bell icon to be notified of upcoming", "9qqSearEQa8-00003-00001480-00001880": "content also i've got a patreon page a big shout out to my super fans out there for", "9qqSearEQa8-00004-00001880-00002984": "contributing to the channel so every little bit counts so without further ado let's get started", "9qqSearEQa8-00005-00003215-00003728": "scenery lighting without wiring so powerful yet so easy dwarven enterprises dot com", "9qqSearEQa8-00006-00003728-00004096": "dwarven enterprises will be offering mrt viewers a 10", "9qqSearEQa8-00007-00004096-00004624": "discount on all sales use the code word mrt 2021 to get this deal", "9qqSearEQa8-00008-00005472-00005888": "thank you peter lloyd lee for chatting with me moderator techniques obviously the owner", "9qqSearEQa8-00009-00005888-00006440": "of superior model railroads let's get that right this time so i do apologize for that", "9qqSearEQa8-00010-00006520-00007120": "so as i said welcome aboard so you can be found on your website and we'll talk about that in a sec", "9qqSearEQa8-00011-00007120-00007784": "is superior model railroads.com you've also got a lovely youtube channel which is", "9qqSearEQa8-00012-00007784-00008328": "m peter ll and i'll put all these links below with all your undertakings and i do see you've", "9qqSearEQa8-00013-00008328-00008984": "been quite busy with youtube the last few weeks which is great so now peter always like to get", "9qqSearEQa8-00014-00008984-00009440": "to sort of know people a little bit about their background into their modeling so can you tell", "9qqSearEQa8-00015-00009440-00010616": "us a little bit how you got into model trains tez that's a long story i am 56 years old and i have", "9qqSearEQa8-00016-00010616-00011192": "been into model trains since my earliest memory so i've been doing it for about half a century now", "9qqSearEQa8-00017-00011368-00011776": "father was interested in model railroads and his father before that", "9qqSearEQa8-00018-00011896-00012496": "so i guess it just runs in the family nice nice so what's uh so you predominantly h0", "9qqSearEQa8-00019-00012496-00013112": "scale model oh yes i've worked in different scales i started off following my father in tt", "9qqSearEQa8-00020-00013191-00013512": "this was still on the other side of the pond this was your british practice", "9qqSearEQa8-00021-00013591-00014488": "uh the and the english tt scale is 100 well actually 101.3 so it's one enough so it's almost", "9qqSearEQa8-00022-00014488-00015440": "a metric scale so i was going to say that um tt is very very european so yes and then i went into", "9qqSearEQa8-00023-00015440-00016016": "double o which is four millimeters of the foot and then i had a few years where i worked in o scale", "9qqSearEQa8-00024-00016191-00016632": "that's uh that's once again the the british o scale which is seven millimeters of the foot is", "9qqSearEQa8-00025-00016632-00017152": "not a quarter inch of the foot as most americans now it's like it's slightly larger than that", "9qqSearEQa8-00026-00017152-00017664": "although with the smaller with the smaller trains that we're building model of building models of", "9qqSearEQa8-00027-00017720-00018384": "they look about the same size sure and then i've been working in ho scale and let's see i", "9qqSearEQa8-00028-00018440-00018840": "oh i made the change when i moved to the us so that would have been about 21 years ago", "9qqSearEQa8-00029-00018840-00019240": "right and i've been i've been in ho scale since then", "9qqSearEQa8-00030-00019240-00019864": "although i have done commercial work for other people in several different scales sure so", "9qqSearEQa8-00031-00019984-00020624": "when you moved to the united states 21 years ago your ho you moved into american modeling obviously", "9qqSearEQa8-00032-00020784-00021560": "america yes i did that lovely yes and i i always figured that the type of layout that i wanted to", "9qqSearEQa8-00033-00021560-00022032": "someday build would just be too large and too expensive and no scale which is why i", "9qqSearEQa8-00034-00022136-00022456": "i reluctantly abandoned their scale and went down to half", "9qqSearEQa8-00035-00022520-00023080": "that's right i i i think i've never dabbled in oscar but what i've seen is the people that", "9qqSearEQa8-00036-00023080-00023680": "are getting into pro data proto 48 or whatever they're calling it um in your part of the world", "9qqSearEQa8-00037-00023680-00024280": "um the detail you can go to in iscale is just insane um but you're right you need", "9qqSearEQa8-00038-00024336-00024680": "you need double the double the amount of space if not more to to have a nice", "9qqSearEQa8-00039-00024752-00025480": "four times yeah true very true very true very true so what would you i'm talking about your", "9qqSearEQa8-00040-00025480-00026056": "personal modeling here what sort of imp who would be or what's your modeling influences right now", "9qqSearEQa8-00041-00026360-00026783": "um right now i think i'm influenced myself", "9qqSearEQa8-00042-00026864-00027495": "um my my customers want this tend to to drive a lot of what i do at the moment", "9qqSearEQa8-00043-00027592-00028176": "because since my my business took off so well i haven't had time to do my own but prior to going", "9qqSearEQa8-00044-00028176-00029112": "professional i think my main inspiration was the large basement size model railroads that i saw", "9qqSearEQa8-00045-00029183-00029912": "in the model railroad magazine i know as a teenager i was heavily influenced by", "9qqSearEQa8-00046-00030200-00030520": "by i forget by john allen who's", "9qqSearEQa8-00047-00030608-00031095": "very very very well known railroad in the 50s through 70s the gloria defeated", "9qqSearEQa8-00048-00031304-00031895": "and i just and i drew a lot of layout designs based on that kind of layout knowing of course", "9qqSearEQa8-00049-00031895-00032760": "i'd never built them it wasn't until i got into into modelling seriously in o scale", "9qqSearEQa8-00050-00032760-00033608": "that i started to produce more realistic plans and and i gradually got went full circle from", "9qqSearEQa8-00051-00033672-00034600": "yeah right completely away from the multi-loop designs to what a lot of people refer as sincere", "9qqSearEQa8-00052-00034600-00035272": "plans where a trainer goes through each scene once and i always try to come up with those", "9qqSearEQa8-00053-00035360-00035928": "in my commercial plans unless of course the customer wants to go with multiple laps to get", "9qqSearEQa8-00054-00035928-00036776": "the longer run sure so probably a good segue into your your business superior model railroads um", "9qqSearEQa8-00055-00036776-00037744": "so tell us about the how did you get into into that well i was working with my brother as a", "9qqSearEQa8-00056-00037952-00038440": "running construction running construction company it was just the two of us we did everything from", "9qqSearEQa8-00057-00038440-00039040": "the paperwork to the actual construction and it was pretty tough and i was already", "9qqSearEQa8-00058-00039040-00039808": "looking for ways in which i could scale back and do a job that wasn't quite as physically demanding", "9qqSearEQa8-00059-00039968-00040584": "because after after a day of lugging shingles i am pretty exhausted and that doesn't get any easier", "9qqSearEQa8-00060-00040584-00041560": "with age either so i i want i was looking to see if i could possibly turn my hobby into a business", "9qqSearEQa8-00061-00041560-00042016": "i knew that some people had i knew there were professional model rail model builders out there", "9qqSearEQa8-00062-00042112-00042848": "and i came across the website of a layout designer who you have who you interviewed a few months ago", "9qqSearEQa8-00063-00042848-00043776": "i believe bill berenick yep i looked yeah that's right i looked on his website and i was wondering", "9qqSearEQa8-00064-00043776-00044488": "if i could do the same as that and when i saw how little he charged to do plans i thought well", "9qqSearEQa8-00065-00044568-00045344": "the length of time i'm going to put into a plan i can't do i can't live on that so i so i abandoned", "9qqSearEQa8-00066-00045344-00046272": "that route but not before i had met up with him and talked with him on via email and i think he", "9qqSearEQa8-00067-00046272-00046744": "might even i've talked on the phone once i'm not i'm not sure about that but i know we had a pretty", "9qqSearEQa8-00068-00046744-00047744": "good conversation via email and he was the main designer for another professional model railroader", "9qqSearEQa8-00069-00047744-00048440": "who run james james adams who runs affordable model railroads and he knew that james was always", "9qqSearEQa8-00070-00048440-00049184": "looking for talent so he gave me his number so i started working for james as a subcontractor", "9qqSearEQa8-00071-00049392-00050048": "i did a couple of layouts as his subcontractor many of the photographs on this slideshow", "9qqSearEQa8-00072-00050104-00050696": "are from one of those layouts that i helped but but although after a couple of years of con", "9qqSearEQa8-00073-00051040-00051455": "and then that one first year that i worked with him i was still doing construction", "9qqSearEQa8-00074-00051520-00051648": "and i realized that", "9qqSearEQa8-00075-00051904-00052584": "there was actually some money to be made and i worked with james for a while but", "9qqSearEQa8-00076-00052640-00053016": "but within a couple of years my own business had just taken off to the point", "9qqSearEQa8-00077-00053072-00053679": "where i no longer had time to um to subcontract for him sure we still", "9qqSearEQa8-00078-00053767-00054367": "we still communicate uh we still you know share thoughts and things like that he", "9qqSearEQa8-00079-00054367-00054888": "supplies some products for me yeah yeah and i supply some information from him occasionally", "9qqSearEQa8-00080-00054888-00055448": "he has questions for me sure so it's not as though we fell out like that we just um we're just", "9qqSearEQa8-00081-00055624-00056232": "two completely independent companies ironically we now work only a few miles apart", "9qqSearEQa8-00082-00056296-00056976": "because after that yeah after that first railroad build he was one he asked if", "9qqSearEQa8-00083-00057055-00057560": "i would continue closer because it's kind of difficult to subcontract someone whether i'm", "9qqSearEQa8-00084-00057560-00058167": "a thousand miles away yeah sure and since my wife really wanted to move to a warmer climate i said", "9qqSearEQa8-00085-00058167-00058688": "how about central tennessee she said yeah let's go i said find me a house with an unfinished basement", "9qqSearEQa8-00086-00058800-00059512": "yeah yeah lovely lovely we'll get on to your track plans a little bit here um how many", "9qqSearEQa8-00087-00059512-00059984": "track plans how many have you ever kept count of how many track plans you've done", "9qqSearEQa8-00088-00060328-00061016": "well uh i've been drawing track plans since my earliest memories sure the early ones i used", "9qqSearEQa8-00089-00061016-00061784": "to draw went very good yeah but i've always been i've always enjoyed drawing things right", "9qqSearEQa8-00090-00061879-00062320": "i've always loved designing when i when i finished school i", "9qqSearEQa8-00091-00062320-00062784": "went into studying architecture at university thinking that was what i wanted to do for a", "9qqSearEQa8-00092-00062784-00063240": "profession and i didn't make it through it was a six-year degree and i ran out of money after", "9qqSearEQa8-00093-00063240-00063800": "two years yeah so i went into computers for a while and i was a software engineer for a while", "9qqSearEQa8-00094-00063855-00064496": "before i went into the construction and then but um but again i'm wondering off topic", "9qqSearEQa8-00095-00064888-00065367": "i was always drawing track plans yeah sure and since i've started doing them professionally", "9qqSearEQa8-00096-00065367-00065792": "or the one on on the slide show by the way was my first professional track plan", "9qqSearEQa8-00097-00065792-00067040": "although that was a layout built um i've probably completed around two dozen for um for clients", "9qqSearEQa8-00098-00067040-00067744": "so far wow nowhere near as many as bill i know yeah no no he pumps me up i do have quite a lot", "9qqSearEQa8-00099-00067744-00068648": "in my queue right now in fact i'm i'm quoting a a year's wait list to all my inquiries wow", "9qqSearEQa8-00100-00068760-00069336": "so i guess um if you're listening to this and you you want to employ my services if even if you're", "9qqSearEQa8-00101-00069336-00069696": "still building your house and you don't and you don't yet know how big your training room's going", "9qqSearEQa8-00102-00069696-00070648": "to be get in line while you can because that keeps getting right so so obviously on your your website", "9qqSearEQa8-00103-00070648-00071208": "i had a quick read and it's got um and as i said i'll put the link below now i'll just quickly", "9qqSearEQa8-00104-00071208-00071920": "bring the website up because it's um it's a lovely little website you talked about um sort of touched", "9qqSearEQa8-00105-00071920-00072776": "on a few things here about good track plans and poor track plans um so what what what what sort of", "9qqSearEQa8-00106-00072968-00073488": "gets you or what what sort of makes a good and a good and a bad track plan in in your point", "9qqSearEQa8-00107-00073488-00074240": "of view that's probably that's the question well the number one important factor with a track plan", "9qqSearEQa8-00108-00074240-00074904": "is it gives the owner of the layout fun that is number one sure right and if the", "9qqSearEQa8-00109-00074992-00075632": "and if the builder of a layout is happy just running trains and circles then so be it however", "9qqSearEQa8-00110-00075768-00076720": "for uh for drawing a a good track plan i feel it the it is very important that it can be operated", "9qqSearEQa8-00111-00076720-00077672": "in a realistic fashion and generally that means running trains from a staging yard into a visible", "9qqSearEQa8-00112-00077672-00078384": "portion of the layout doing this stuff and then either returning to staging or continuing on to", "9qqSearEQa8-00113-00078440-00079288": "staging virtually virtually all prototype trains run a longer distance than we can sensibly model", "9qqSearEQa8-00114-00079536-00080216": "there are exceptions i mean there are i can think of a couple of railroads where if you", "9qqSearEQa8-00115-00080216-00080784": "just shorten the distance between the two ends you could model the whole thing turn out for turnout", "9qqSearEQa8-00116-00080784-00081144": "but that's the exception of the rule the vast majority of people", "9qqSearEQa8-00117-00081144-00081840": "want to want to portray prototypes that they could not hope to model completely", "9qqSearEQa8-00118-00081840-00082312": "in even the largest basement even if they could afford to put in the time so that's", "9qqSearEQa8-00119-00082312-00083016": "the num that's my number one is it's going to be able to be operated realistically and i try to", "9qqSearEQa8-00120-00083248-00083872": "make this point out to customers even if they just want to see trains running as many loops as", "9qqSearEQa8-00121-00083872-00084568": "possible i will try to get them up interested in a plan that although it has all the loops that they", "9qqSearEQa8-00122-00084568-00085288": "want that by cut by reversing some crossovers you can turn it into a point-to-point plan", "9qqSearEQa8-00123-00085552-00086576": "i published one uh along those lines about a year ago i think it was the first design i did", "9qqSearEQa8-00124-00086576-00087152": "for a customer that worked and he wanted a triple deck layout with lots of staging at the bottom", "9qqSearEQa8-00125-00087240-00088032": "and i was able to put the um all three levels with continuous loops which could be switched out", "9qqSearEQa8-00126-00088032-00088576": "and be joined sequentially into a very long end to end with a return loop at the", "9qqSearEQa8-00127-00088576-00089240": "top and then i did a similar plan in ho scale ironically in a very similar size space sure", "9qqSearEQa8-00128-00089360-00090008": "and that was published not so long ago yeah lovely lovely so you touched on bill", "9qqSearEQa8-00129-00090008-00090352": "berenick there the track planner briefly i know when i spoke to him he had", "9qqSearEQa8-00130-00090432-00091208": "i think seven elements of a track plan so when he when he draws up uh a track plan for a customer", "9qqSearEQa8-00131-00091208-00091688": "he has seven certain elements that he believes should go into every track plan do you have", "9qqSearEQa8-00132-00091688-00092400": "something sort of a similar sort of template you work against in that regard not ready no what i do", "9qqSearEQa8-00133-00092400-00093120": "is i send my customer a very long questionnaire i think the latest iteration of it has 46 questions", "9qqSearEQa8-00134-00093184-00093832": "many of which are paragraph type answers sure where i'll ask them to describe their", "9qqSearEQa8-00135-00093904-00094432": "their ideal layout basically yeah a lot a lot of them are just asking for numbers", "9qqSearEQa8-00136-00094504-00094888": "like for example one of the questions is i need to know how tall they are so i know", "9qqSearEQa8-00137-00094976-00095936": "what sort of height range to work on sure and beach of course um typically the the questions", "9qqSearEQa8-00138-00095936-00096784": "involve things like the tractor scenery ratio the mainline running switching ratio urban to", "9qqSearEQa8-00139-00097040-00097648": "um to cut to country things like that sure and then some some paragraph type questions would be", "9qqSearEQa8-00140-00097824-00098440": "what features have you seen on other railroads real or model that you would like to represent", "9qqSearEQa8-00141-00098536-00098904": "and it really doesn't matter to be whether they whether they want to represent whether", "9qqSearEQa8-00142-00098904-00099720": "they're inspired by other model railroads or by a prototype sure because they they have a certain", "9qqSearEQa8-00143-00099816-00100336": "vision of what they want their l they know what to look like and it's my job", "9qqSearEQa8-00144-00100464-00101424": "to match that with their space while at the same time coming up with a plan that can sooner or la", "9qqSearEQa8-00145-00101424-00101952": "that can be operated realistically because sooner or later most people want to operate properly", "9qqSearEQa8-00146-00101952-00102608": "correct yeah most people are tired of running trains in circles and if they've invested a lot", "9qqSearEQa8-00147-00102608-00103456": "of money and a lot of time in building such a layout they may be uh more reluctant to tear", "9qqSearEQa8-00148-00103456-00104111": "it down and start again because they they built something which can't easily be modified sure sure", "9qqSearEQa8-00149-00104359-00104783": "i think that's a very interesting point that you that you raised there about", "9qqSearEQa8-00150-00104783-00105135": "building in a little bit of i suppose not redundancy is quite the right word", "9qqSearEQa8-00151-00105135-00105480": "but a little bit of um so it can be expanded into", "9qqSearEQa8-00152-00105680-00106224": "their their needs i suppose more than anything so yeah we all start out the four break piece", "9qqSearEQa8-00153-00106224-00106624": "of plywood where we're happy with the train just going around and around but that we bore with that", "9qqSearEQa8-00154-00106624-00107104": "you know we i know i did got uh very sick of that very quickly just watching trains go around but", "9qqSearEQa8-00155-00107200-00107944": "as you as you rightfully point out the operations is i think where the fun is um probably one of the", "9qqSearEQa8-00156-00107944-00108680": "most fun aspects i find for for model railroading so it's quite interesting that you invite the your", "9qqSearEQa8-00157-00108680-00109224": "customer to to start thinking about that type of thing for because obviously you know you've dealt", "9qqSearEQa8-00158-00109224-00109680": "with many different customers over the years that history would show or would repeat that", "9qqSearEQa8-00159-00109935-00110383": "they start with exhibit a where they want to go just run trains in circles they end", "9qqSearEQa8-00160-00110383-00110935": "up going oh can we now add some sort of realistic realistic switching operations or something into", "9qqSearEQa8-00161-00111008-00111688": "their plan yes and if the plan wasn't designed for that in the first place the chances are", "9qqSearEQa8-00162-00111688-00112159": "you're going to be tearing out most of your favorite scenes yeah before you can add that", "9qqSearEQa8-00163-00112159-00112759": "yeah sure sure i know i sort of caught that very early on in my track plan um", "9qqSearEQa8-00164-00112872-00113528": "where i sort of wanted to go a bit more i wouldn't say my i do prototype um operations but i like", "9qqSearEQa8-00165-00113528-00114096": "to do a little bit shunting around and purposely moving wagons around with car cards and way bills", "9qqSearEQa8-00166-00114096-00114624": "and switch lists type um set up on my train so it's quite interesting that you bring that up so", "9qqSearEQa8-00167-00114783-00115392": "so front operations purely an operator's plan so who wants to do prototype operations", "9qqSearEQa8-00168-00115511-00115872": "what sort of design i know you talk about there's a questionnaire but what", "9qqSearEQa8-00169-00115872-00116504": "there's obviously key aspects that need to go into a track plan you've talked about the staging", "9qqSearEQa8-00170-00116504-00117144": "because obviously that's one um what other key aspects do you build into a prototype track plan", "9qqSearEQa8-00171-00117144-00117735": "well once again it's going to depend on what the customer wants to do what his his vision for his", "9qqSearEQa8-00172-00117735-00118592": "railroad sure but almost invariably somebody wants a main yard of some kind now whether", "9qqSearEQa8-00173-00118592-00119183": "that is a small yard or a big yard is going to depend on a variety of factors but let's say", "9qqSearEQa8-00174-00119248-00119824": "but almost invariably a layout will have a main yard and one or more subsidiary switching areas", "9qqSearEQa8-00175-00120032-00120752": "now in addition to that i want to keep as much open main line running as i can", "9qqSearEQa8-00176-00120832-00121359": "but bearing in mind it's of course a trade-off that you're trading off one against the other", "9qqSearEQa8-00177-00121359-00122208": "each each room has a finite limit of what i can fit in now so many of my customers want to build", "9qqSearEQa8-00178-00122280-00122864": "more layout than they have room for so i end up with a very high proportion of multi-deck designs", "9qqSearEQa8-00179-00123311-00123935": "even some customers who didn't favor multi-decks come to me and they say well can we get more in", "9qqSearEQa8-00180-00123935-00124488": "i said we can get more in if we go in multiple decks and say let's do it and i published one", "9qqSearEQa8-00181-00124488-00125032": "recently where originally he was thinking of a single deck layout with subterranean staging", "9qqSearEQa8-00182-00125335-00126280": "i drew there was only really one sensible footprint for his room kind of it was it was", "9qqSearEQa8-00183-00126280-00126856": "a decent sized space but it was but it was kind of awkwardly shaped and with the with the minimum", "9qqSearEQa8-00184-00126856-00127432": "radius that he wanted to use he wanted his his big steam and falling passenger cars to look good", "9qqSearEQa8-00185-00127432-00127920": "on the curves so we came up well we're going to need a a curve in the region of three foot radius", "9qqSearEQa8-00186-00127983-00128711": "and there really was only one sensible footprint for that i did try squeezing in it an alternative", "9qqSearEQa8-00187-00128711-00129335": "version but it really didn't work so i went back to plan a and when i and when he saw how much", "9qqSearEQa8-00188-00129335-00129944": "space his yard took up and how little mainline run there was left over i said well maybe", "9qqSearEQa8-00189-00130048-00130504": "we can improve that if we double decker i said we can do this this and this and i was on the phone", "9qqSearEQa8-00190-00130504-00130928": "with him at the time he said and he didn't even wait for me to finish he said yes let's do that", "9qqSearEQa8-00191-00131104-00131544": "and i produced a plan for him and he absolutely loved it he's just started building turnouts for", "9qqSearEQa8-00192-00131544-00132320": "it now yeah okay so that's he's um he's just got involved for the first time in", "9qqSearEQa8-00193-00132320-00132880": "hand building turnouts with fast track jigs yeah yeah i'm very happy for him he's uh", "9qqSearEQa8-00194-00133032-00133696": "he's over the moon with the design he really is yeah lovely so just to scale your camera now", "9qqSearEQa8-00195-00133808-00134320": "what sort of software-based product you use i'm assuming you don't use graph paper and", "9qqSearEQa8-00196-00134320-00134976": "pencil much anymore um do you use a software program everything i draw i use third planet", "9qqSearEQa8-00197-00135088-00135616": "which is a pretty it's a pretty advanced cad package designed specifically for motorola design", "9qqSearEQa8-00198-00135752-00136296": "so that offers by my understanding i'm not really i fail with the cads but you can add terrain and", "9qqSearEQa8-00199-00136400-00137040": "bench work and all that so you can build it into layers and and i'm assuming that's the key", "9qqSearEQa8-00200-00137040-00137584": "foundation because on your website you talk about layout construction where if you don't have a", "9qqSearEQa8-00201-00137720-00138192": "good bench work you can't get good sub road base then it makes it very hard to allow", "9qqSearEQa8-00202-00138192-00138848": "good track so obviously that you can build all that redundancy into yeah full okay although i", "9qqSearEQa8-00203-00138848-00139456": "don't actually do the bench with design in in in the cad i i just i just do the the visible", "9qqSearEQa8-00204-00139456-00140184": "portions of the layout that the customers can see because it's it's not great for bench work design", "9qqSearEQa8-00205-00140280-00141016": "it's it's it's very good on the model railroad design yeah but the uh the uh the bench work", "9qqSearEQa8-00206-00141016-00141688": "it leaves somewhat something to be desired i don't mean that as a criticism for the software for it", "9qqSearEQa8-00207-00141688-00142120": "it's a relatively inexpensive it's i mean i paid just over a hundred dollars for it", "9qqSearEQa8-00208-00142232-00142752": "which is nothing for a cad package and i would much rather the", "9qqSearEQa8-00209-00142896-00143456": "uh the author put his effort into the features that are more appropriate to model railroads", "9qqSearEQa8-00210-00143712-00143944": "so i'm assuming most of your layout designs", "9qqSearEQa8-00211-00144136-00144712": "okay so do you also design just purely the layout or do you start looking at the electrical", "9qqSearEQa8-00212-00144712-00145200": "side of things as well for the dcc or dc or whatever they're whatever they're going to use", "9qqSearEQa8-00213-00145488-00146224": "well i'll give my customers that if they want it obviously everything extra they ask for", "9qqSearEQa8-00214-00146312-00147152": "takes time so it costs money but for the most part by the time we've got the design figured", "9qqSearEQa8-00215-00147152-00147928": "out it's fairly it's fairly obvious where the electorate should go sure i don't think i've had", "9qqSearEQa8-00216-00147928-00148672": "a customer yet who's wanted to build it for the old direct current everybody's in the dcc where", "9qqSearEQa8-00217-00148672-00149208": "uh yeah i i will make recommendations as to where we split the power districts and things like that", "9qqSearEQa8-00218-00149408-00149880": "and i i don't want to give the impression that i i charge them for every minute or anything", "9qqSearEQa8-00219-00149880-00150336": "like that i mean i will i'm quite happy to answer the customers questions as they go about building", "9qqSearEQa8-00220-00150336-00151040": "their own sure well i got a few of my customers that i'm always you know answering their emails", "9qqSearEQa8-00221-00151176-00151960": "which is fine i i really don't mind doing that i i feel that i've been blessed to", "9qqSearEQa8-00222-00151960-00152784": "be fairly good at what i do and i i feel it's important to share my knowledge with others so", "9qqSearEQa8-00223-00152952-00153608": "so how many you you offer a layer obviously layout construction so there's different layers", "9qqSearEQa8-00224-00153608-00153904": "i suppose to your your business model is what i'm getting at so", "9qqSearEQa8-00225-00153968-00154600": "how many of these layouts do you actually then go and help the end uh help your customer construct", "9qqSearEQa8-00226-00155224-00155512": "not very many actually i'll be on i'll be totally honest there", "9qqSearEQa8-00227-00155568-00156272": "more more often than not my customers are people who can afford to spend a few hundred to a few", "9qqSearEQa8-00228-00156272-00156904": "thousand dollars on a layout design but they can't the sort of money that it would cost to hire me", "9qqSearEQa8-00229-00156960-00157544": "to build a layout from start to finish yeah sure i'm working on a big layout right now", "9qqSearEQa8-00230-00157632-00158648": "which is my um biggest project to date it's about 39 feet each side each way yeah on three decks", "9qqSearEQa8-00231-00158840-00159576": "i've wow i produced several versions of i've um i've released a lot of videos on youtube", "9qqSearEQa8-00232-00159632-00160096": "every step of the way yeah but that's gonna that's a project that's gonna keep me going for a while", "9qqSearEQa8-00233-00160096-00160568": "now i don't know how much of the layout i'm gonna build at some point customer is gonna want to take", "9qqSearEQa8-00234-00160568-00161216": "over from me so at the moment he needs to um he needs to get to the point where he's comfortable", "9qqSearEQa8-00235-00161216-00161824": "taking over yeah sure sure so yeah that's quite interesting that uh that's obviously the third", "9qqSearEQa8-00236-00161824-00162168": "sort of level of your your business is the consulting side of things as well", "9qqSearEQa8-00237-00162168-00162736": "you're showing actively showing a customer how to to build the bench work let's say so", "9qqSearEQa8-00238-00162824-00163360": "so i get a lot of customers who who just want to employ me for a few hours just to pick my", "9qqSearEQa8-00239-00163360-00164200": "brains sure either to critique a layout design that they've done yeah if they can't if to ask", "9qqSearEQa8-00240-00164200-00164840": "me what i would do scenic-wise in the layout or to show them how to lay track or something like that", "9qqSearEQa8-00241-00164840-00165880": "yeah yeah i've got one customer in in georgia who was having me back uh for about a week once a year", "9qqSearEQa8-00242-00166104-00166480": "just to work alongside him yeah sure or he would work alongside me", "9qqSearEQa8-00243-00166480-00166784": "and improve his lab building skills yeah", "9qqSearEQa8-00244-00167048-00167504": "how often this is a bit of a tongue and jig this this question so obviously if you're", "9qqSearEQa8-00245-00167504-00168376": "building a a layout for for a customer and they sort of want to help out i'll put that", "9qqSearEQa8-00246-00168376-00168840": "in inverted commas help you out you you make a quite a little tongue-in-cheek comment on your", "9qqSearEQa8-00247-00168840-00169312": "on your layout that sometimes it's just easier to let you do your thing and it's going to cost you", "9qqSearEQa8-00248-00169312-00169944": "less money than you trying to help them along the way so it's not two people moving forward", "9qqSearEQa8-00249-00170040-00170680": "saving half the amount of time so can you talk us talk us through that that sort of aspect", "9qqSearEQa8-00250-00170816-00171440": "yes if a customer would like to work alongside me during the during the layout build i welcome that", "9qqSearEQa8-00251-00171528-00171888": "i caution them to start with that it's not going to", "9qqSearEQa8-00252-00171976-00172504": "save money it's going to what what they are going to get out of it is improving their skills", "9qqSearEQa8-00253-00172704-00173088": "and at some point they'll get they'll get to the point where they can take over", "9qqSearEQa8-00254-00173152-00173632": "so in that respect yes they'll save money because they're not hiring to build the whole layout but", "9qqSearEQa8-00255-00173632-00174296": "at least to start with they will probably slow me down yeah which is fine because i instead of", "9qqSearEQa8-00256-00174296-00174944": "spending a hundred percent of my time working and building their layout i might spend 70 percent of", "9qqSearEQa8-00257-00174944-00175568": "my time building the layout 30 of my time teaching them sure and then once they once we've done the", "9qqSearEQa8-00258-00175568-00176448": "same step a few times that will get to the point where they can assist me and we might even get the", "9qqSearEQa8-00259-00176448-00177144": "point fairly soon where we're working faster as a team than i would on my own and at that point", "9qqSearEQa8-00260-00177384-00178240": "and that's because they have learned during those initial trial periods and they're now more getting", "9qqSearEQa8-00261-00178240-00178584": "more confidence in their own abilities yeah sure and at that point they really don't need", "9qqSearEQa8-00262-00178584-00179016": "any more yeah sure sure they might have me around to help them get it done faster", "9qqSearEQa8-00263-00179016-00179688": "yes but once they can get to the point where we can work faster together then", "9qqSearEQa8-00264-00179960-00180784": "then i keep expecting them to say well bye bye and that's also funny i mean i", "9qqSearEQa8-00265-00180848-00181832": "i consider that to be a win-win yeah and i always look for ways that a business deal can be win-win", "9qqSearEQa8-00266-00181832-00182328": "and if they are improving their skills as a result firstly it means i'm a good teacher", "9qqSearEQa8-00267-00182448-00182856": "or at least a successful teacher yeah whether or not it was good or just lucky", "9qqSearEQa8-00268-00183032-00183912": "yeah sure but i i i really get a good sense of achievement when a customer gets gets to", "9qqSearEQa8-00269-00183912-00184432": "the point where they say well you know thank you for teaching me i don't need you anymore", "9qqSearEQa8-00270-00184432-00185032": "sure that to me gives me a lot a lot of satisfaction yeah lovely lovely it's just assuming", "9qqSearEQa8-00271-00185032-00185456": "of course they're doing it because they're able to take over not because we've fallen out yeah sure", "9qqSearEQa8-00272-00185456-00186136": "although that hasn't happened so have you ever had any instances and i'm not asking the name names so", "9qqSearEQa8-00273-00186136-00186736": "to protect the the innocent here that you've constructed a layout and then they've sort of", "9qqSearEQa8-00274-00186736-00187304": "gone ahead of you a little bit and constructed what they think is the next logical step and", "9qqSearEQa8-00275-00187304-00187936": "you're what you've come up you know a month later or a week later or whatever and you've gone or", "9qqSearEQa8-00276-00187936-00188496": "what have you done like this this makes no sense like we're now going to have to pull all this down", "9qqSearEQa8-00277-00188744-00189448": "well actually i can't think offhand of of a situation exactly like that although i have", "9qqSearEQa8-00278-00189528-00190096": "on at least one occasion gone to work on a railroad that someone else has started", "9qqSearEQa8-00279-00190184-00190880": "okay and then with what the customer has asked me to do i've had to start by tearing out", "9qqSearEQa8-00280-00190984-00191640": "what he thought was good yeah okay and that's that can be like a delicate situation", "9qqSearEQa8-00281-00191720-00192192": "to explain that i'm gonna have to tear out his favorite scene", "9qqSearEQa8-00282-00192192-00192568": "in order to improve the layout and do what he wanted me to yeah sure", "9qqSearEQa8-00283-00192920-00193768": "so do you look at when you design your layouts um that they're built for so they could so", "9qqSearEQa8-00284-00193768-00194296": "they're in modules that you can then move them or that's sort of a very early design consideration", "9qqSearEQa8-00285-00194296-00194688": "like the question number two in your questionnaire saying do you want to move", "9qqSearEQa8-00286-00194688-00195224": "this layer or is it permanent it's definitely a consideration um obviously for a layout that i'm", "9qqSearEQa8-00287-00195224-00195624": "building in my workshop and then transporting and reassembly i have to build it in sections", "9qqSearEQa8-00288-00195896-00196720": "now if the cut if the customer wants a layout which remains modular then for the same level", "9qqSearEQa8-00289-00196720-00197320": "of finish that takes a lot longer to get there because there's a few extra steps involved", "9qqSearEQa8-00290-00197376-00197808": "in ensuring that a layout can remain remain modular sure", "9qqSearEQa8-00291-00197992-00198656": "but i've i've yet to be asked to do that for anyone so for everyone that", "9qqSearEQa8-00292-00198656-00199072": "i've built layouts for they just they're just happy to get them in their basements", "9qqSearEQa8-00293-00199176-00199696": "and almost invariably one of the questions on my questionnaire is how important will that be how", "9qqSearEQa8-00294-00199696-00200200": "permanent can the layout be and almost invariably the answer is very permanent i'm never moving sure", "9qqSearEQa8-00295-00200360-00201080": "i think that's probably because by the time that model railroaders get to the point where they", "9qqSearEQa8-00296-00201080-00201784": "can spend the sort of money on their hobby that uh hiring me to build a layout it's going to be", "9qqSearEQa8-00297-00201936-00202272": "they're already well established and they've probably they've probably they", "9qqSearEQa8-00298-00202272-00202720": "either either late in their careers or they're retiring and they're in their forever home sure", "9qqSearEQa8-00299-00202792-00203392": "so that that doesn't usually come into it although as i say i'm perfectly happy to design and build", "9qqSearEQa8-00300-00203448-00204136": "an entirely modular or even portable layout yeah sure sure all right we'll talk about", "9qqSearEQa8-00301-00204136-00204576": "scenery a little bit because it's something that you've got a very good knack for uh very good", "9qqSearEQa8-00302-00204576-00205216": "eye for scenery particularly the cup but what i've seen of the photos the the colors and the", "9qqSearEQa8-00303-00205216-00206000": "gradation of colors that you use is exceptional um so well done so i don't know so how did you do i", "9qqSearEQa8-00304-00206000-00206584": "suppose a good question is how did you learn your scenery techniques obviously by time just doing", "9qqSearEQa8-00305-00206584-00207112": "them but is there any particular person you model that by or model that from or to get ideas from", "9qqSearEQa8-00306-00207296-00207880": "well the most important thing is to look around at what you see every time you drive somewhere", "9qqSearEQa8-00307-00207880-00208352": "obviously take your eyes off the road i mean but especially if you're sitting passenger in a car", "9qqSearEQa8-00308-00208440-00209071": "whenever you whenever you look at rock cuts look at trees or or more specifically how the trees", "9qqSearEQa8-00309-00209128-00209584": "um fit into how they grow relative to each other", "9qqSearEQa8-00310-00209832-00210744": "um the difference between a rock cut and a natural rock face look at the shapes of the shapes", "9qqSearEQa8-00311-00210744-00211176": "of the landscape now obviously if you're modeling an area that you've never been to", "9qqSearEQa8-00312-00211176-00211816": "it's different you have to rely on on books and on movies on you know", "9qqSearEQa8-00313-00211816-00212367": "what you can see what you can find online but certainly look look to the real thing", "9qqSearEQa8-00314-00212367-00212984": "uh mother nature has been doing this for millions of years she knows what she's doing yeah", "9qqSearEQa8-00315-00213128-00213864": "okay so we what we need to do is to copy her as closely as we can bearing in mind of course", "9qqSearEQa8-00316-00213864-00214632": "that if we try to scale it accurately we would never fit anything on i would what would", "9qqSearEQa8-00317-00214744-00215160": "i mean if you look at it out of your window and you see a landscape feature and you think i could", "9qqSearEQa8-00318-00215160-00215848": "model that in a square foot of my railroad and then if you started taking dimensions", "9qqSearEQa8-00319-00215848-00216448": "you might find oh wait it's 20 square feet yeah whereas you could get something which looks right", "9qqSearEQa8-00320-00216448-00217023": "in a square foot so so i mean it doesn't scale it doesn't scale accurately", "9qqSearEQa8-00321-00217208-00217680": "certain elements we can scale accurately for example we can only use full-sized trees", "9qqSearEQa8-00322-00217680-00218440": "yeah some of the trees that i had on my layout were were very tall", "9qqSearEQa8-00323-00218440-00219136": "i had three that were more than a foot tall the tall is scaled out over 100 feet wow yeah", "9qqSearEQa8-00324-00219136-00219760": "which is still not an over not oversized for a tree but of course if you want to use full-sized", "9qqSearEQa8-00325-00219760-00220216": "trees like that you've got to plant them in as you design the railroad you've got to make sure you've", "9qqSearEQa8-00326-00220216-00220896": "got somewhere where it's going to look right um other things that could be modeled full scale", "9qqSearEQa8-00327-00221240-00222064": "a small creek rather than a large river for example and a small creek also", "9qqSearEQa8-00328-00222064-00222800": "with waterfalls can allow you to add some height and a lot of railroads seriously lack height", "9qqSearEQa8-00329-00222896-00223400": "sure since we are cut since we are forced into", "9qqSearEQa8-00330-00223528-00223992": "building in a space smaller than we would like in a vast majority of cases", "9qqSearEQa8-00331-00224184-00224632": "we want to try to make the layout look as big as possible and the way to do that is to use the", "9qqSearEQa8-00332-00224632-00225176": "full cubic volume of the room or as much of it as you can sure i don't necessarily in multi-decking", "9qqSearEQa8-00333-00225176-00226040": "even on a single bit layout if you can add a foot high cliff face as a backdrop for your uh", "9qqSearEQa8-00334-00226112-00226792": "for your main line you've got an extra square foot of scenery which takes up only a few square", "9qqSearEQa8-00335-00226792-00227536": "inches yeah sure because you've got more visible area yeah yeah so that's one of so that's one of", "9qqSearEQa8-00336-00227536-00228280": "the things that i think i i use to good effects in my left builds is adding some height to give", "9qqSearEQa8-00337-00228280-00228823": "to make the scenery look bigger than it really is yeah sure sure also pumping trees together", "9qqSearEQa8-00338-00229008-00229632": "trees that grow by themselves are in the minority and of course a tree growing alone", "9qqSearEQa8-00339-00229632-00230167": "will look totally different to a tree's growing that's growing in a forest sure as trees um", "9qqSearEQa8-00340-00230336-00230848": "they spread out to the light and if they're getting light from all directions they will", "9qqSearEQa8-00341-00230848-00231360": "have a nice full shape whereas a tree that's running that's growing in the middle of a forest", "9qqSearEQa8-00342-00231480-00231792": "will concentrate on gaining as much height as it can because that's the only way it", "9qqSearEQa8-00343-00231792-00232280": "can see the light a tree on the edge of that forest will have all its branches", "9qqSearEQa8-00344-00232280-00233056": "and all its foliage on one side only yeah sure sure so just just looking at uh looking at the way", "9qqSearEQa8-00345-00233056-00233656": "the way nature does it lovely and it really is very little you can do that it's just plain wrong", "9qqSearEQa8-00346-00233856-00234304": "for example if you if you go to model a rock face and you get the size way out", "9qqSearEQa8-00347-00234392-00234704": "well it's just a different size rock face from what you've intended", "9qqSearEQa8-00348-00234896-00235864": "as long as the the strata and the the shape that the texture the coloration is right then there's", "9qqSearEQa8-00349-00235864-00236367": "nothing wrong with what you've got one of the few unfast rules is that water flows downhill", "9qqSearEQa8-00350-00236519-00236784": "that's a rule that you can't break and get away", "9qqSearEQa8-00351-00237048-00237567": "but you can pretty much do anything else and find a prototype for it somewhere yeah that's right", "9qqSearEQa8-00352-00237567-00238128": "that's right it is of course best to make sure you stick with common features rather", "9qqSearEQa8-00353-00238128-00238536": "than rare ones if you've got a layout full of rare features it won't look right", "9qqSearEQa8-00354-00238632-00239248": "but if you've got a single rare feature in amongst 100 common ones it will look right sure sure", "9qqSearEQa8-00355-00239384-00239760": "so what sort of materials are you using for your your scenery either", "9qqSearEQa8-00356-00239760-00240280": "on your own layout or your customers doesn't matter uh do you use a lot of real sceneries", "9qqSearEQa8-00357-00240280-00241248": "from you know real dirt or that type of thing or yeah i start off with um with the sub bass", "9qqSearEQa8-00358-00241248-00241871": "you can do whatever you want for the sub bass uh sometimes i use foam sometimes i use a cardboard", "9qqSearEQa8-00359-00241871-00242448": "lattice sometimes i'll even use screen wire it really depends on how much area you're covering", "9qqSearEQa8-00360-00242448-00242904": "how high your scenery is going to be for example if you're building scenery that's three feet high", "9qqSearEQa8-00361-00243096-00243360": "um stacking foam sheets is going to cost a fortune yeah", "9qqSearEQa8-00362-00243592-00244056": "but but if your scenery is only three or four inches high it's probably going to be a lot more", "9qqSearEQa8-00363-00244056-00244519": "cost effective sure well once you've considered the time then something that takes longer like", "9qqSearEQa8-00364-00244600-00245544": "like a like a lattice web once i've got the base i'll put my rock carvings in first yeah because", "9qqSearEQa8-00365-00245616-00246328": "that is a really messy part of the process well actually all of this always seems messy you cannot", "9qqSearEQa8-00366-00246416-00247023": "you cannot be tidy or neat doing uh plaster carving yeah yeah so i get", "9qqSearEQa8-00367-00247023-00247648": "the rock faces in first and then everything that's not a rock face gets covered with dirt", "9qqSearEQa8-00368-00248040-00248536": "i should let me back up anything that's not a rock face or cup all covered with a man-made feature", "9qqSearEQa8-00369-00248592-00249016": "like a road or a structure yeah everything else gets covered with with dirt", "9qqSearEQa8-00370-00249016-00249623": "which usually is just dug up from my garden it doesn't matter if it's the right color or not", "9qqSearEQa8-00371-00249623-00250192": "it will be a better color and a better texture than you can get with any other means exactly", "9qqSearEQa8-00372-00250352-00250976": "i mean i i use a lot of sculptor mold in the areas and in the areas are not covered in rock", "9qqSearEQa8-00373-00250976-00251544": "just to get the final shape right and i always mix painting with that so i so i don't get um", "9qqSearEQa8-00374-00251544-00252184": "the risk of wipe through sure sure but then i then i cover it with dirt or sand or whatever i can get", "9qqSearEQa8-00375-00252423-00253128": "and then by that stage um because because i have the um the base color in in the because i have", "9qqSearEQa8-00376-00253128-00253880": "set an acceptable color in the base i don't put such a heavy layer of of dirt on but it completely", "9qqSearEQa8-00377-00253880-00254392": "hides it i'm just going for the right texture letting some of the base color show through", "9qqSearEQa8-00378-00254392-00254984": "so if my dirt's not quite the right color it uh it gives me the uh a good blend and also", "9qqSearEQa8-00379-00255040-00255736": "real dirt varies in color as well from from one area of a of a even even over a fairly", "9qqSearEQa8-00380-00255816-00256271": "small area you can have lots of different colors of dirt or lots of different shades of the same", "9qqSearEQa8-00381-00256271-00257144": "basic color so i certainly don't want to make it bland sure sure and then um and then i'll use the", "9qqSearEQa8-00382-00257144-00257976": "various ground foam products and things like that for um for grass covered areas i use a lot of um", "9qqSearEQa8-00383-00258040-00258719": "chopped up real leaves as well yeah put them in i'm gonna put them in a blender with some water", "9qqSearEQa8-00384-00258719-00259800": "chop them up and then put them through a strainer um they and then my forest areas i i make sure", "9qqSearEQa8-00385-00259800-00260584": "that i put a good coating of chopped up leaves before i start planting things yeah lovely lovely", "9qqSearEQa8-00386-00260896-00261528": "it's very easy to get to get carried away when doing a wooded area and plant the trees before", "9qqSearEQa8-00387-00261528-00262064": "and then realize well now i can't detail the undergrowth i've been there and done that myself", "9qqSearEQa8-00388-00262296-00263000": "definitely done that myself in the early years so very good so well peter thank you so much for", "9qqSearEQa8-00389-00263000-00263640": "taking some time away from your busy schedule to chatting with me at moderator techniques today i", "9qqSearEQa8-00390-00263640-00264408": "think i'm going to die yeah we're coming up nearly 50 minutes um it's been a fascinating talk and", "9qqSearEQa8-00391-00264624-00265184": "a very basic sort of touch the surface of exactly how you go about designing", "9qqSearEQa8-00392-00265248-00265744": "or what sort of aspects you might look at right the way through to the scenery side of things on a", "9qqSearEQa8-00393-00265744-00266208": "model railway so i think i might have you back on again at some stage if you're willing that's for", "9qqSearEQa8-00394-00266208-00266760": "sure to maybe dive a little bit deeper in just to one aspect of it and then we'll we'll chat about", "9qqSearEQa8-00395-00266760-00267200": "that but that's something we can talk about later so thank you so much for taking that time away", "9qqSearEQa8-00396-00267344-00267728": "thank you thanks for having my pleasure my pleasure make sure you subscribe click", "9qqSearEQa8-00397-00267728-00268184": "that little bell icon to be notified of upcoming videos support us on patreon", "9qqSearEQa8-00398-00268184-00268984": "like us on facebook and instagram at model railroad technique", "9qqSearEQa8-00399-00270600-00270608": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "9qLIh0hdqhM", "text": {"9qLIh0hdqhM-00000-00001466-00001832": "Start of the first group of runners at 2 pm", "9qLIh0hdqhM-00001-00008284-00008580": "wait.. wait for a moment", "9qLIh0hdqhM-00002-00011088-00011534": "3rd place Zdeňka Komárková finishing in 4:18:20", "9qLIh0hdqhM-00003-00011772-00012196": "2nd place Ludmila Odehnalová - finish time 4:06:01", "9qLIh0hdqhM-00004-00013213-00013826": "and the winner is Ivana Hrdličková finishing in 4:03:31", "9qLIh0hdqhM-00005-00014682-00015152": "3rd place in men Jaroslav Vicher finishing in 3:21:15", "9qLIh0hdqhM-00006-00015422-00015988": "2nd place Roman Košťák - finish time 3:12:20", "9qLIh0hdqhM-00007-00016980-00017586": "1st place - Daniel Orálek finishing in 3:08:34"}}, {"audio_id": "9qXK-js-rl4", "text": {"9qXK-js-rl4-00000-00000000-00001293": "Ще не вмерла України і слава, і воля, Šče ne vmerla Ukrajiny, ni slava, ni volja, Ukraine has not yet died, nor her glory, nor her freedom,", "9qXK-js-rl4-00001-00001297-00002402": "Ще нам, браття-українці, усміхнеться доля. Šče nam, brattja ukrajinci, usmichnetjsja dolja. Upon us, fellow Ukrainians, fate shall smile once more.", "9qXK-js-rl4-00002-00002402-00003669": "Згинуть наші вороженьки, як роса на сонці, Zhynutj naši voroženjky, jak rosa na sonci, Our enemies will vanish, like the dew in the sun,", "9qXK-js-rl4-00003-00003669-00004825": "Запануєм і ми, браття, у своїй сторонці. Zapanujem i my, brattja, u svojij storonci. And we too shall rule, brothers, in a free land of our own.", "9qXK-js-rl4-00004-00004825-00006165": "Душу й тіло ми положим за нашу свободу, Dušu j tilo my položym za našu svobodu, Souls and bodies we'll lay down, all for our freedom,", "9qXK-js-rl4-00005-00006165-00007315": "І покажем, що ми, браття, козацького роду! I pokažem, ščo my, brattja, kozacjkoho rodu! And we'll show that we, brothers, are of the Cossack nation!", "9qXK-js-rl4-00006-00007417-00008648": "Станем браття, в бій кривавий, від Сяну до Дону Stanem brattja, v bij kryvavyj, vid Sjanu do Donu We'll stand, brothers, in bloody battle, from the Sian to the Don,", "9qXK-js-rl4-00007-00008679-00009778": "В ріднім краю панувати не дамо нікому. V ridnim kraju panuvaty ne damo nikomu. We will not allow others to rule in our motherland.", "9qXK-js-rl4-00008-00009949-00011051": "Чорне море ще всміхнеться, дід Дніпро зрадіє, Čorne more šče vsmichnetjsja, did Dnipro zradije, The Black Sea will smile and our grandfather, the Dnipro will rejoice,", "9qXK-js-rl4-00009-00011116-00012414": "Ще на нашій Україні доленька наспіє. Šče na našij Ukrajini dolenjka naspije. For in our own Ukraine, fortune shall shine again.", "9qXK-js-rl4-00010-00012447-00013657": "Душу й тіло ми положим за нашу свободу, Dušu j tilo my položym za našu svobodu, Souls and bodies we'll lay down, all for our freedom,", "9qXK-js-rl4-00011-00013658-00015557": "І покажем, що ми, браття, козацького роду! I pokažem, ščo my, brattja, kozacjkoho rodu! And we'll show that we, brothers, are of the Cossack nation!"}}, {"audio_id": "9r5g8YkSi3E", "text": {"9r5g8YkSi3E-00000-00000000-00002006": "beautylacehair.com"}}, {"audio_id": "9r5oEEiwPS0", "text": {"9r5oEEiwPS0-00000-00000003-00000779": "So, what I wanted to point out is that gaining this emotional knowledge during the", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00001-00000779-00001482": "final stages, gave me even more power to have the self-discipline and have the control", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00002-00001482-00002018": "and the knowledge to say \"I don't actually want to do this\" and \"I don't", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00003-00002018-00002585": "want to use this unhealthy coping skill\" and then I managed to have like longer", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00004-00002585-00003185": "breaks. I managed like half a year without going with porn, which was very", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00005-00003185-00003702": "long. This worked and then I had like a relapse and then I had another break", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00006-00003702-00004607": "which was also maybe half a year or so and then I did actually meet someone and", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00007-00004607-00005348": "fell in love and started a romantic relationship. And with this, of course, it", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00008-00005348-00006153": "disappeared for now. So that's why I really can't say - I'm definitely not", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00009-00006153-00006651": "addicted any more or I don't have this problem anymore. I think", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00010-00006651-00007239": "I'd say I'm not really addicted anymore, because during the final stages, when I", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00011-00007239-00007800": "managed to have these longer breaks and when I had all this knowledge, I think it", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00012-00007800-00008543": "shifted away from a classic addiction and shifted more towards this compulsion", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00013-00008543-00009215": "and coping skill thing and I think this is something I definitely probably still", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00014-00009215-00009831": "have. So, if there was like a big drama and I had like depressive thoughts", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00015-00009831-00010397": "again or something happened or maybe the relationship broke up, I could imagine", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00016-00010397-00010939": "that I would have a relapse maybe and use this coping skill again, because I", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00017-00010939-00011352": "didn't really get to that point in recovery, as you would say", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00018-00011352-00011925": "professionally, because I was not really in a classic recovery and not through", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00019-00011925-00012617": "recovery. So, I think I would still have this compulsion in me", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00020-00012617-00013456": "and so I need to stay vigilant and stay aware that this is a danger in me, that I", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00021-00013456-00014336": "could go back to this coping skill. So to sum up what I want to", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00022-00014336-00015041": "say as a message with this video and talking about it is that I wanted to", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00023-00015041-00015857": "share my story and want to show that there are consequences to even such", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00024-00015857-00016694": "\"harmless\" addictions and coping skills and coping behavior, because I've seen so", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00025-00016694-00017534": "much porn and so much sex in that kind of world or system, because I didn't have", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00026-00017534-00018290": "many gay relationships or other sexual encounters, this sort of dominated my", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00027-00018290-00019136": "view on sex and the sexual relationship and brought in a lot of - not really ideas", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00028-00019136-00019862": "but more like maybe - concepts that up until now sort of taint", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00029-00019862-00020978": "my sex life, because in porn there's a lot of focus on achieving a", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00030-00020978-00021959": "certain goal while having sex and performing well in a certain way and", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00031-00021959-00022792": "maybe using certain techniques or being skilled at using certain techniques. And", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00032-00022792-00023792": "all these kinds of, sort of images of like a perfect simple, quick sexual", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00033-00023792-00024401": "intercourse are not realistic in the same way that a certain body type is not", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00034-00024401-00025211": "realistic for every human being. And these kinds of concepts or", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00035-00025211-00026394": "imaginations of sex, I took with me and then they sort of seep through into your idea of sex. So", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00036-00026394-00026874": "even if you're watching this and you're intelligent and you know that this is", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00037-00026874-00027780": "not how sex in reality works or how it happens or how easy it is or", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00038-00027780-00028374": "whatever or how long it takes or quick it is, whichever porn it is you're", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00039-00028374-00029379": "watching, that these kinds of ideas still seep into you and if you watch so much", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00040-00029379-00030022": "of it, it's hard to not take on some of it and have your ideas be tainted by", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00041-00030022-00030711": "these unrealistic images. So this is something for example that I will take", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00042-00030711-00031380": "with me for many years, because it's just in in my thoughts and it's just sort of", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00043-00031380-00031986": "what I got used to seeing and what I learned what the experience should be", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00044-00031986-00032666": "like or what normal sex would be like or could be like. Yeah, so there are still", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00045-00032666-00033440": "consequences you take with you and disadvantages you have even after such", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00046-00033440-00034352": "a supposedly \"harmless\" addiction. So I also wanted to raise a bit of awareness about", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00047-00034352-00035082": "the dangers, if you want to call it that, of porn. So, if you could relate in some", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00048-00035082-00035672": "way to my story or have some thoughts about this, I'd be very happy to hear", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00049-00035672-00036564": "from you in the comments below or via a video response - old school - and I'll", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00050-00036564-00037176": "probably make some more videos about some aspects or about my other mental", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00051-00037176-00037830": "disease tendencies and, yeah, if you're interested in that stick around or let", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00052-00037830-00038234": "me know if there are any aspects you would be interested in. So,", "9r5oEEiwPS0-00053-00038234-00038617": "until the next time, bye."}}, {"audio_id": "9r89RCwtFUQ", "text": {"9r89RCwtFUQ-00000-00000587-00001306": "EBS가 올해 3대 목표와 10대 약속을 발표했다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00001-00001323-00001998": "새 프로그램도 예고하며 힘찬 도약을 알렸다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00002-00002014-00002844": "2018 EBS 신년 기자간담회가 3일 오전 서울 중구 프레스센터에서", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00003-00002862-00003306": "열렸다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00004-00003322-00004108": "현장에는 EBS 장해랑 사장, 정책기획본부장, 콘텐츠기획센터장", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00005-00004126-00004614": "등이 참석했다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00006-00004631-00005405": "이날 장해랑 사장은 올해 EBS의 3대 목표와 10대 약속을", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00007-00005423-00005911": "직접 소개했다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00008-00005928-00006713": "이에 따르면 EBS는 '2018 Restart EBS, 교육이", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00009-00006731-00007505": "세상을 바꿉니다'라는 슬로건으로 채널 정체성 재정립과 이용자", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00010-00007522-00008296": "중심의 프로그램 플랫폼 서비스 제공, 지속 성장 기반 구축을", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00011-00008314-00008846": "3대 목표로 설정했다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00012-00008863-00009648": "10대 약속은 '행복한 교실, 더불어 살아가는 세상'부터 '늘", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00013-00009666-00010451": "곁에 있는 7개 EBS 채널', '4차 산업혁명시대, 생애주기", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00014-00010468-00011264": "맞춤형 콘텐츠', '놀며 체험하는 첨단교육 테마파크', 'O2O", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00015-00011282-00012111": "현장밀착형 교육 서비스', '창의적, 실험적 크로스미디어 프로그램',", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00016-00012128-00012935": "'특화된 사회공헌 사업', '협력, 상생하는 EBS', '혁신으로", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00017-00012953-00013749": "여는 새로운 EBS 미래', '자율과 창의로 활력 넘치는 콘텐츠", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00018-00013766-00014276": "창작회사' 등이다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00019-00014293-00015022": "이날 주목받았던 것은 '협력, 상생하는 EBS'였다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00020-00015041-00015837": "앞서 EBS 다큐멘터리 프로그램을 연출하던 외주 PD가 사망하는", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00021-00015854-00016397": "사고가 벌어진 바 있다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00022-00016415-00017189": "EBS는 사후 조치와 PD의 명예 회복에 대해 최선을 다하고", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00023-00017206-00017903": "있다고 말하며 '다큐 시네마'의 론칭을 알렸다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00024-00017921-00018684": "EBS는 올해 독립 제작자들과의 협력을 강화하고 방송제작계", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00025-00018701-00019486": "전반의 공정성을 제고하기 위해 '다큐 시네마'를 신설, 1달에", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00026-00019504-00020223": "1편 국내 우수 독립 다큐멘터리를 방영할 예정이다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00027-00020240-00021025": "'다큐시네마'에 한해 EBS는 방영권만 가지고 독립 PD들에게", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00028-00021043-00021850": "저작권을 주겠다고 알린 EBS는 추후 저작권 제공 폭을 넓히겠다고", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00029-00021867-00022322": "약속했다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00030-00022339-00023003": "새로운 프로그램도 달라질 EBS를 알렸다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00031-00023021-00023795": "'개슐랭가이드', '마이벌스데이', '면접후기' 등이 첫선을", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00032-00023812-00024553": "보이는 가운데 '개슐랭가이드'의 존재감이 눈에 띄었다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00033-00024571-00025356": "'개슐랭가이드'는 EBS의 대표 프로그램인 '세상에 나쁜 개는", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00034-00025373-00025938": "없다'의 스핀오프 프로그램.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00035-00025956-00026741": "빅마마 이혜정과 개통령 강형욱이 출연, 개밥을 만들어 개들에게", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00036-00026758-00027411": "평가를 받는다는 콘셉트로 시선을 잡았다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00037-00027429-00028214": "이외에도 '마이벌스데이'에서 힙합 세부 장르인 '스포큰 워드'", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00038-00028231-00029016": "공연으로 청춘들의 목소리를 잡아내고 '면접후기'에서 면접 후의", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00039-00029033-00029752": "이야기를 웹드라마로 만들어 공감을 자아낼 전망이다.", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00040-00029770-00030533": "올해 다시 시작하겠다는 슬로건으로 시청자들과 만날 EBS가", "9r89RCwtFUQ-00041-00030551-00031127": "어떤 평가를 얻을지 주목된다."}}, {"audio_id": "9rrAiRE-49I", "text": {"9rrAiRE-49I-00000-00000202-00000323": "- Hi Andrea", "9rrAiRE-49I-00001-00000323-00000556": "tell me, what do you do and and what is your blog about?", "9rrAiRE-49I-00002-00000556-00000919": "- Well, I have a blog that is called Ecuagamers,", "9rrAiRE-49I-00003-00000919-00001240": "It is not only a blog, it is an entire community.", "9rrAiRE-49I-00004-00001240-00001730": "What we do in the blog is post", "9rrAiRE-49I-00005-00001730-00002010": "news about what is happening in video games", "9rrAiRE-49I-00006-00002010-00002373": "worldwide, and also my biggest interest", "9rrAiRE-49I-00007-00002373-00002703": "are the things that happen also here in Ecuador.", "9rrAiRE-49I-00008-00002703-00002920": "For example, any tournaments taking place,", "9rrAiRE-49I-00009-00002920-00003370": "a conference, or any topic related to video games", "9rrAiRE-49I-00010-00003390-00003643": "here in Ecuador, because there are few places where", "9rrAiRE-49I-00011-00003643-00003866": "you can get information about that.", "9rrAiRE-49I-00012-00003866-00004200": "And even it does not look like it, there's a lot happening here", "9rrAiRE-49I-00013-00004200-00004596": "Besides the blog, we manage a discussion forum,", "9rrAiRE-49I-00014-00004596-00004996": "where we have already passed 1000 subscribers", "9rrAiRE-49I-00015-00004996-00005350": "and from there people are always posting content", "9rrAiRE-49I-00016-00005350-00005683": "and it is always moving, so we pick up content from there", "9rrAiRE-49I-00017-00005683-00006213": "- So, you only blog about video games?", "9rrAiRE-49I-00018-00006213-00006666": "Do you have any other personal blog? or other interests?", "9rrAiRE-49I-00019-00006666-00007033": "- I also have a personal blog where I write", "9rrAiRE-49I-00020-00007033-00007591": "tutorials about how to make things, above all,", "9rrAiRE-49I-00021-00007591-00007875": "about how to improve our blog,", "9rrAiRE-49I-00022-00007875-00008164": "improve our internet prescence,", "9rrAiRE-49I-00023-00008172-00008541": "how to use social networks for your own benefit.", "9rrAiRE-49I-00024-00008548-00008950": "I also have another blog that is \"Club de Cultura Digital\"", "9rrAiRE-49I-00025-00008950-00009283": "where I am the president, and the objective of this blog", "9rrAiRE-49I-00026-00009283-00009616": "is to get to know all that kinds of things, how to manage them,", "9rrAiRE-49I-00027-00009616-00009836": "we write the tutorials on how to do it", "9rrAiRE-49I-00028-00009836-00010056": "and also small Photoshop tutorials,", "9rrAiRE-49I-00029-00010056-00010520": "something that can help me to have a good web site", "9rrAiRE-49I-00030-00010712-00011320": "- Besides this, are you on Twitter, Social Networks?", "9rrAiRE-49I-00031-00011510-00012163": "- Of course, as Ecuagamers I also have Twitter, that we use it a lot", "9rrAiRE-49I-00032-00012163-00012540": "and in Ecuagamers there is also a Facebook fan page", "9rrAiRE-49I-00033-00012540-00012913": "and also groups, because they are different.", "9rrAiRE-49I-00034-00012913-00013356": "The group where the people meet and arrange a game", "9rrAiRE-49I-00035-00013356-00013730": "and also the fan page, where we post news.", "9rrAiRE-49I-00036-00013730-00014223": "- Can you give us the @ for those who want to find you?", "9rrAiRE-49I-00037-00014223-00014813": "- @ecuagamers, and mine is @yunie5", "9rrAiRE-49I-00038-00014954-00015460": "- What blogs do you read, related with the topics you like?", "9rrAiRE-49I-00039-00015553-00015963": "- Well, I don't have one specific blog I read,", "9rrAiRE-49I-00040-00015963-00016473": "I read several different ones, I have a reader, I access to some of those", "9rrAiRE-49I-00041-00016473-00016900": "Most to DeportesDigitales that always posts about video games news.", "9rrAiRE-49I-00042-00016916-00017145": "And that is the one I read the most.", "9rrAiRE-49I-00043-00017150-00017610": "- Do you have any anecdote, something interesting, nice or negative", "9rrAiRE-49I-00044-00017610-00018010": "that has happened to you related to the blogs or your interaction with them?", "9rrAiRE-49I-00045-00018010-00018370": "- Well, there is a great variety on the internet, you can find", "9rrAiRE-49I-00046-00018370-00018626": "anything there. Obviously there are people that don't", "9rrAiRE-49I-00047-00018626-00018836": "like a certain idea.", "9rrAiRE-49I-00048-00018836-00019190": "And something that happened to me, was that writing about", "9rrAiRE-49I-00049-00019190-00019423": "my personal opinions, you get somebody that feels offended", "9rrAiRE-49I-00050-00019423-00019678": "and they start to send really offensive emails.", "9rrAiRE-49I-00051-00019757-00020240": "But it is something that happens, and it doesn't affect me,", "9rrAiRE-49I-00052-00020240-00020606": "I see that as something good, because there is someone to whom I am telling something,", "9rrAiRE-49I-00053-00020608-00020761": "that I touched somebody.", "9rrAiRE-49I-00054-00020785-00020890": "-Ok. Thank you Andrea", "9rrAiRE-49I-00055-00020890-00021000": "Subtitles by the Amara.org community"}}, {"audio_id": "9ruT_MU7SUy", "text": {"9ruT_MU7SUy-00000-00000103-00000323": "Okay, good morning everybody.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00001-00000330-00000430": "Welcome back.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00002-00000437-00000944": "So today we're going to start covering a couple of sort of", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00003-00000950-00001251": "cleanup topics that I wanna talk about before we finish.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00004-00001257-00001454": "I only have you for a few more weeks.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00005-00001461-00001921": "And when we started I promised that I would try to teach you", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00006-00001928-00002158": "as much about java as possible, in particular,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00007-00002165-00002559": "I would try to get you to the point where you'd seen as much", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00008-00002565-00002989": "of the common java constructs as you'll need to sit down", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00009-00002996-00003323": "with a file containing unfamiliar code", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00010-00003329-00003513": "and read it from start to finish.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00011-00003520-00003693": "And so, today what we're gonna do is", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00012-00003700-00003943": "we're gonna talk about exceptions and errors.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00013-00003950-00004210": "This may be something that you've started to notice when", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00014-00004217-00004404": "you've looked at some of our code or some of the code, um,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00015-00004411-00004651": "on some of the Android libraries you're using,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00016-00004657-00004811": "or some of our starter code, or whatever.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00017-00004818-00005045": "Uh, but we've haven't really talked about it officially and", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00018-00005051-00005201": "so today we're gonna do that.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00019-00005208-00005365": "We're gonna talk a little bit about", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00020-00005372-00005605": "what to do when things go wrong.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00021-00005612-00005865": "So we've also been focused up to this point", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00022-00005872-00006199": "on teaching you to write good code.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00023-00006206-00006419": "We haven't wanted you to make mistakes.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00024-00006426-00006609": "But there have been a couple of times this semester", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00025-00006616-00006826": "where we've encountered this sort of situation,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00026-00006833-00007043": "um, that's made us a little bit uncomfortable", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00027-00007050-00007307": "because we haven't had a good way to deal with it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00028-00007313-00007494": "So here's an example.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00029-00007500-00007784": "So, I think we've talked about this type of class,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00030-00007791-00007944": "like a couple of months ago.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00031-00007951-00008168": "Um, you don't really need to know too much", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00032-00008174-00008271": "about what it's doing.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00033-00008278-00008591": "But this is an object that's designed to store strings.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00034-00008598-00008905": "And the constructor takes an argument that is-", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00035-00008912-00009222": "indicates how many strings am I supposed to store?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00036-00009229-00009426": "That argument is an integer.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00037-00009432-00009789": "But there are values that I can pass to this constructor", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00038-00009796-00009976": "that don't make sense.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00039-00009983-00010336": "So for example, there's no point in creating this class", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00040-00010343-00010653": "if I'm going to configure it to store 0 strings.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00041-00010660-00010784": "It's useless.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00042-00010790-00011021": "Worse yet, if I pass a negative value,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00043-00011027-00011227": "what does that mean?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00044-00011234-00011611": "So we have a case here, where what am I supposed to do?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00045-00011618-00011798": "I can write this condition.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00046-00011805-00011958": "I can check for it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00047-00011965-00012165": "But what am I supposed to do now?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00048-00012172-00012565": "This is made worse by the fact that if you remember,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00049-00012572-00012819": "constructors can't fail.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00050-00012826-00013219": "A constructor has to return an instance of the object.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00051-00013226-00013643": "And so I can leave this object unconfigured and I can, you", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00052-00013650-00013980": "know, maybe not setup the storage it needs or whatever.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00053-00013987-00014374": "But what I really wanna be able to do here, is signal to", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00054-00014381-00014688": "the caller, signal to the code that has tried to create", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00055-00014694-00015215": "a new instance of string storage, that you done wrong.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00056-00015221-00015362": "You messed up.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00057-00015368-00015468": "This is not correct.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00058-00015475-00015745": "You've past an invalid value to this constructor.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00059-00015752-00015869": "But here's one example of this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00060-00015875-00016166": "Um, here's another us-using a function.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00061-00016172-00016342": "So this can happen in constructors,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00062-00016349-00016643": "but it can also happen inside code that we write.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00063-00016649-00017060": "So in this case, um, this func- this is a dumb function", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00064-00017067-00017410": "that is duplicating code that already exists, but this", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00065-00017417-00017704": "function is supposed to take a string that contains an", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00066-00017711-00017964": "integer value, that contains characters", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00067-00017971-00018284": "that I can decode into an integer.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00068-00018291-00018655": "It's passing it to this static function", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00069-00018661-00018838": "that's part of the integer class.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00070-00018845-00018988": "That's supposed to be able to parse that.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00071-00018995-00019322": "But what do I do if you've passed me a string that is not", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00072-00019329-00019482": "parsable as an integer?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00073-00019489-00019769": "Something like foo, or just, you know, a string of", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00074-00019776-00020036": "characters that I can't parse properly.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00075-00020043-00020230": "So here's another example.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00076-00020236-00020500": "You know, what am I supposed to do at this point.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00077-00020507-00020667": "This is your fault.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00078-00020673-00020940": "If someone called this function with a bad argument,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00079-00020947-00021301": "but I still- my code needs to be able to figure out what to", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00080-00021307-00021514": "do to handle this kind of situation.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00081-00021521-00021654": "Okay.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00082-00021661-00022011": "So java's mechanism for doing this, and this is an old", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00083-00022018-00022395": "construct, it's kind of our last block based construct", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00084-00022402-00022639": "that we really haven't talk about so far with java, uh, is", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00085-00022645-00022856": "something called try-catch.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00086-00022862-00023109": "This is java's exception handling mechanism.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00087-00023116-00023333": "It's not that different.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00088-00023339-00023503": "In fact, we're gonna show you a couple of examples of other", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00089-00023510-00023820": "languages that use a similar mechanism.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00090-00023827-00024174": "But there's some kind of interesting things about how", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00091-00024180-00024444": "try-catch works that are also gonna sort of bring us back", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00092-00024451-00024607": "and help us think a little bit more about,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00093-00024614-00024921": "uh, flow through our code.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00094-00024928-00025158": "Right, particularly the call-stack, if I- one function", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00095-00025165-00025345": "calls another function, calls another function.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00096-00025351-00025712": "Alright, so this is the control structure", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00097-00025719-00025929": "that I use for handling exceptions.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00098-00025935-00026179": "So there are two blocks to this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00099-00026186-00026326": "Two, main blocks.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00100-00026332-00026529": "The first one is a TRY.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00101-00026536-00026760": "So you'll see there's a TRY statement and then I open up a", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00102-00026766-00027220": "new block, and in here I have code that could potentially", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00103-00027227-00027350": "cause an exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00104-00027357-00027674": "And you'll see there are cases where java, the compiler, will", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00105-00027680-00027981": "actually require that you use this construct, if you're", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00106-00027987-00028368": "calling a method that can potentially throw,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00107-00028375-00028555": "or generate an exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00108-00028561-00028848": "Down here, I have a CATCH statement.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00109-00028855-00029239": "And what the CATCH statement is going to do, this is kind", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00110-00029245-00029566": "of a-a nice pair of terms, the CATCH statement is gonna catch", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00111-00029572-00030016": "any exceptions generated in the TRY block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00112-00030023-00030303": "And you'll see in a minute that my- I can have multiple", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00113-00030310-00030693": "CATCH statements, that catch different kinds of exceptions.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00114-00030700-00031194": "So one thing that I want you to-to note and we'll do some", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00115-00031201-00031644": "examples later in class to-to drive this home, as soon- this", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00116-00031651-00031978": "is sort of like RETURN, as soon as my try- as soon as any", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00117-00031985-00032492": "of the code inside the try block generates an exception,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00118-00032499-00033089": "I immediately jump into the appropriate CATCH block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00119-00033096-00033550": "I do not continue executing code inside that try block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00120-00033556-00033783": "So as soon as I hit something that generates an exception, I", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00121-00033790-00034250": "jump into the CATCH statement that handles that particular", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00122-00034257-00034561": "kind of exception and begin executing that code.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00123-00034567-00034744": "I don't run any more code.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00124-00034751-00035014": "Part of the idea here is that these types of errors and", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00125-00035021-00035205": "exceptions are a surprise.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00126-00035211-00035588": "You know, I'm- I might have known that they might happen,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00127-00035595-00035722": "but I still don't necessarily have", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00128-00035729-00035912": "a wa-a good way of handling them.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00129-00035919-00036312": "And so, if I write one line of code that-and then the lines", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00130-00036319-00036603": "below rely on that code executed properly,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00131-00036609-00036760": "if that line doesn't execute correctly,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00132-00036766-00036940": "I can't go on, so that's why", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00133-00036946-00037267": "I jump immediately into the appropriate CATCH statement.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00134-00037273-00037917": "Alright, so the way that CATCH works is that the compiler", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00135-00037924-00038148": "will essentially work downward", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00136-00038154-00038561": "and it will try to match the exception type.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00137-00038568-00038815": "Exceptions in Java are just objects.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00138-00038822-00039105": "So this is very much like other types of type matching", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00139-00039112-00039285": "we've seen Java do.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00140-00039292-00039626": "So for example, if the code that I ran in my try block", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00141-00039632-00040033": "threw an exception that's of type NullPointerException or", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00142-00040039-00040573": "any exception that inherits from null pointer, so", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00143-00040580-00040847": "essentially, this is sort of like casting, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00144-00040854-00041174": "If I can cast the exception to a null pointer exception, then", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00145-00041181-00041341": "I begin that CATCH block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00146-00041347-00041664": "Otherwise, I keep looking down here.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00147-00041671-00042005": "If I can cast that exception into an array index out of", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00148-00042011-00042205": "bounds exception, which means either it is an", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00149-00042212-00042609": "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException or it's a descendant of that", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00150-00042615-00043069": "particular type of exception, then I begin executing that", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00151-00043076-00043309": "CATCH block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00152-00043316-00043613": "I only execute one caption block,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00153-00043620-00043800": "I will not do more than one.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00154-00043807-00044184": "Um, so the-the-I'm gonna pick, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00155-00044190-00044557": "Based on the kinda exception and also based", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00156-00044564-00044764": "on the order in which they occur.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00157-00044771-00044938": "[microphone static]", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00158-00044944-00045105": "Why I'm struggling with this today.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00159-00045111-00045261": "Okay.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00160-00045268-00045885": "If nothing fails, then none of the CATCH blocks are executed", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00161-00045892-00046139": "and I continue below the try CATCH block", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00162-00046146-00046369": "executing the code as normal.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00163-00046376-00046509": "Okay?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00164-00046856-00047090": "Java has a way, if you wanna catch multiple types of", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00165-00047097-00047414": "exceptions using a single CATCH block, there's syntax", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00166-00047420-00047670": "for this so this is kind of a weird bit of syntax.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00167-00047677-00048071": "But I have one type of exception, I have a pipe.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00168-00048078-00048338": "And then I have another type of exception and I can string", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00169-00048344-00048678": "as many of these together as I want, separated by types.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00170-00048685-00048912": "And then at the-oh, I didn't point this out,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00171-00048918-00049135": "let me-let me go back and do this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00172-00049142-00049726": "So my CATCH block declares both the type of the exception", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00173-00049733-00050140": "and then a variable that's going to contain the instance", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00174-00050146-00050363": "of the exception that was thrown", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00175-00050370-00050580": "when the CATCH block starts to execute.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00176-00050587-00051057": "So when my CATCH block starts to execute the code in there", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00177-00051064-00051751": "is gonna have access to a (...) making me all weird,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00178-00051758-00051898": "um, it's gonna have access", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00179-00051905-00052228": "to a variable called e that's going to contain,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00180-00052235-00052495": "or it's going to be a ref- that's a reference variable.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00181-00052502-00052649": "That's going to refer it to the exception", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00182-00052655-00052826": "that was thrown in my try block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00183-00052832-00053163": "The reason for this is frequently my error handling", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00184-00053169-00053373": "code is going to wanna do something with that.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00185-00053379-00053800": "That exception, that instance of an exception contains", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00186-00053807-00054137": "useful m-information about what happened and it could", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00187-00054144-00054467": "potentially allow me to either display a message or figure", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00188-00054474-00054791": "out what to do or record some information in a log", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00189-00054798-00054991": "or something like that.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00190-00054998-00055291": "Alright, so I can do, again, same thing here, when I-if-if", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00191-00055298-00055588": "this CATCH block gets triggered, I'm gonna have a", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00192-00055595-00055882": "variable called e that's going to refer to an exception", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00193-00055889-00056086": "that's either of type NullPointerException or", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00194-00056092-00056279": "IllegalArgumentException.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00195-00056286-00056416": "I'll start executing it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00196-00056423-00056980": "So this is not an unusual construct, um, I don't know", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00197-00056986-00057210": "who introduced this, I should've looked this up.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00198-00057217-00057430": "I think-I think I read something recently that C++", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00199-00057437-00057831": "had it slightly before Java did, um, but I'm not sure.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00200-00057837-00058164": "But I-I suspect that neither C++ or Java originated this", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00201-00058171-00058371": "particular idea.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00202-00058378-00058531": "But it's a very common one.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00203-00058538-00058812": "Error handling using try-catch, um, these type of", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00204-00058818-00058978": "constructs exist in Python.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00205-00058985-00059345": "So in Python it's a try except block, um, JavaScript has", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00206-00059352-00059619": "something that's very very similar, we'll talk about the", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00207-00059626-00059779": "finally block in a minute, that's another, uh, feature of", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00208-00059786-00060129": "it, uh, but this-this exists in a lot of other languages.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00209-00060136-00060310": "Yeah.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00210-00060316-00060710": "[inaudible]", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00211-00060717-00061071": "Why isn't there what?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00212-00061077-00061237": "[inaudible]", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00213-00061244-00061334": "Yeah, there probably should be,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00214-00061341-00061518": "I think I just messed this up, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00215-00061524-00061818": "Di-does anyone who write Python code- this should be", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00216-00061825-00062098": "like ValueError and then there's a variable over here,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00217-00062105-00062215": "is that correct?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00218-00062222-00062415": "I think that's right, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00219-00062422-00062559": "I just think I messed up the slide.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00220-00062565-00062805": "I don't write very much Python code anymore, so, um.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00221-00062812-00063139": "The only-the only thing that's a little bit interesting about", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00222-00063146-00063393": "Python, here, I'll just point this out because we're back at", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00223-00063400-00063556": "this slide which is interesting is that Python", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00224-00063563-00063920": "actually has an else block that's attached to your try.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00225-00063927-00064120": "So you can run code if there's no error.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00226-00064127-00064471": "So essentially, I run the try block, if there's an error,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00227-00064477-00064754": "I jump it to the appropriate except block, if there's not,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00228-00064761-00064921": "I run the else block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00229-00064928-00065081": "That-he-that's something that-where there's no", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00230-00065088-00065261": "equivalent of that in Java.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00231-00065268-00065432": "Alright, and I don't want to show too much of this", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00232-00065438-00065608": "at the risk of confusing you.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00233-00065615-00065789": "Okay.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00234-00065795-00066035": "So let's-let's look at how this works.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00235-00066042-00066389": "So the first thing I'm gonna do is I'm just gonna try", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00236-00066396-00066659": "to run this little snippet of code.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00237-00066666-00067036": "And one of the things you're gonna see immediately is that", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00238-00067043-00067220": "it won't even compile.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00239-00067227-00067437": "So we're gonna talk in a minute about three different", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00240-00067444-00067640": "types of exceptions and errors", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00241-00067647-00067854": "that can occur in a Java program.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00242-00067861-00068348": "But in this case, the compiler is telling me the following.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00243-00068354-00068718": "So, remember, another good chance for us to re-some of", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00244-00068725-00068908": "the concepts from earlier this semester.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00245-00068915-00069239": "The compiler is trying to help you out as much as possible.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00246-00069245-00069606": "So the compiler is using information in your code to", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00247-00069612-00069899": "try to make sure that you are handling things safely.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00248-00069906-00070196": "So lemme d-uh, let's go through this and we'll see", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00249-00070203-00070343": "what we've told the compiler", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00250-00070350-00070563": "and why the compiler is reacting this way.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00251-00070570-00070720": "So up here on line 3,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00252-00070727-00071084": "you've declared a function called throwRandomError.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00253-00071091-00071581": "And the other thing you've done here, and this is part", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00254-00071588-00071851": "of Java's exception handling mechanism, you've declared", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00255-00071858-00072135": "this function can throw an exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00256-00072142-00072442": "That's now something else that we're gonna see that's part of", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00257-00072449-00072732": "this syntax, it's at the end of the function declaration.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00258-00072739-00073123": "So what you've told Java is, I'm gonna declare a function,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00259-00073129-00073353": "it's called throwRandomError, it takes no arguments and", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00260-00073359-00073883": "returns an int and it can throw an exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00261-00073890-00074127": "And this is a type over here, I could say, throws", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00262-00074134-00074344": "NullPointerException, I could say throws", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00263-00074350-00074574": "IllegalArgumentException, I can tell you more", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00264-00074581-00074794": "about the kind of exceptions being thrown.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00265-00074801-00075121": "Exception is a general purpose exception, it's the parent", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00266-00075128-00075472": "class of many other Java exceptions.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00267-00075478-00075765": "So, essentially what I'm saying is that this function", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00268-00075772-00075969": "can throw lots of different types of exceptions.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00269-00075975-00076319": "But I've told the compiler this, and so down here when I", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00270-00076326-00076603": "try to run this function, what's happening?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00271-00076609-00076960": "The compiler is saying, you have told me that you-that", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00272-00076966-00077187": "this function throws an exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00273-00077193-00077517": "You've also not handled that exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00274-00077524-00077727": "So you're calling that function here,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00275-00077734-00078014": "throwRandomError, but you have not called it", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00276-00078021-00078218": "inside a try-catch block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00277-00078224-00078438": "So what happens if that function throws an exception?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00278-00078445-00078615": "You're not prepared to handle it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00279-00078621-00079058": "So what do we need to do to get the compiler to quiet down", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00280-00079065-00079209": "and be able to run this code?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00281-00079215-00079619": "We need to wrap this in a try-catch block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00282-00079626-00080049": "I'm gonna say try catch and I'm gonna say Exception e,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00283-00080056-00080487": "let's just print off the exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00284-00080493-00080937": "Exceptions in Java are objects, like everything else", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00285-00080944-00081151": "in Java, almost, except those primitive types.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00286-00081157-00081424": "So what's this code gonna do?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00287-00081431-00081704": "So now what I'm saying is I'm gonna try to run", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00288-00081711-00081855": "throwRandomError.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00289-00081861-00082288": "If it throws an error, I've declared a CATCH block here.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00290-00082295-00082759": "And I'll I'm gonna do is print off the error that it throws,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00291-00082766-00082869": "if it throws one.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00292-00082876-00083009": "So let's see what happens.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00293-00083016-00083203": "Okay.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00294-00083209-00083813": "So now every time I run this, you know I'm gonna-depending", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00295-00083820-00084207": "on-I've got a random, uh, variable in there that's", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00296-00084214-00084551": "causing me sometimes to go down this path and sometimes", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00297-00084557-00084707": "to go down this path.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00298-00084714-00084824": "So if I go down this path,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00299-00084831-00085028": "what kind of exception am I generating?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00300-00085034-00085348": "Well I'm taking a reference variable of type object,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00301-00085355-00085458": "I am setting it to null,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00302-00085465-00085685": "and then I'm trying to call one of its methods.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00303-00085692-00086009": "So that's gonna generate a NullPointerException.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00304-00086015-00086132": "That's what I see right here.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00305-00086139-00086366": "If I go down the bottom of the else statement,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00306-00086372-00086469": "what's happening?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00307-00086476-00086866": "I'm declaring an integer array, um, but it's empty.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00308-00086873-00087313": "It's size 0 and then I try to,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00309-00087320-00087647": "uh, pull out the f-the f-fifth value.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00310-00087654-00087797": "The value in index 4.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00311-00087804-00087961": "So this is also not going to work.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00312-00087967-00088118": "Yeah.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00313-00088124-00088895": "[inaudible]", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00314-00088902-00089259": "Yeah, so-so r-yeah that's a g-good question.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00315-00089265-00089466": "The question was t-is Exception e in here", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00316-00089472-00089546": "act as a catch all?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00317-00089552-00089752": "Essentially it is.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00318-00089759-00089933": "So the way-so here's what happens when this runs.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00319-00089939-00090133": "If I go down the top of the if else statement,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00320-00090140-00090413": "the code throws a NullPointerException.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00321-00090420-00090827": "Java starts looking down here and it says, uh,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00322-00090834-00091030": "what part of the CATCH statement", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00323-00091037-00091281": "is going to catch a NullPointerException?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00324-00091287-00091424": "So it tries the first block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00325-00091431-00091718": "It says, can I cast a NullPointerException", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00326-00091724-00091838": "to an exception?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00327-00091845-00091965": "And you can.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00328-00091971-00092332": "Because a NullPointerException is a subclass of exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00329-00092338-00092512": "And so that matches.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00330-00092519-00092776": "If I throw an array index bound-o-out of bounds", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00331-00092782-00093052": "exception because I went down the bottom of the else", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00332-00093059-00093389": "statement, then I'm gonna end up again at line 17.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00333-00093396-00093646": "Java's gonna say, can I cast this to an exception?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00334-00093653-00094053": "The answer is yes and it's gonna run that code again.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00335-00094060-00094204": "So, yeah that's-that's gonna work.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00336-00094210-00094334": "I'll show you an example in a minute", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00337-00094340-00094484": "where I catch these separately.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00338-00094491-00094641": "Yeah.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00339-00094647-00095211": "[inaudible]", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00340-00095218-00095345": "So the-so yeah, w-we'll come back", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00341-00095351-00095445": "and talk about this in a second.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00342-00095452-00095572": "So the question was, are there exceptions", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00343-00095578-00095728": "I can't cast to Exception?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00344-00095735-00095865": "So Exception in Java", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00345-00095872-00096069": "is the parent class of all exceptions.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00346-00096075-00096583": "There is a, Exception itself is a descendant of something", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00347-00096589-00096943": "called a throwable and I'll talk-we'll talk briefly", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00348-00096950-00097060": "about what that is.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00349-00097066-00097157": "But there's, uh, there's kind", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00350-00097163-00097417": "of one more level above that, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00351-00097423-00097624": "A throwable is anything that can be thrown", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00352-00097630-00097887": "out of a try statement, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00353-00097894-00098011": "And that includes both exceptions", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00354-00098017-00098208": "and-and something called an error.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00355-00098214-00098461": "Errors are much more seriously problems in Java,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00356-00098468-00098688": "they're not things we're expected to handle.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00357-00098695-00098865": "We'll talk about the distinction in a minute.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00358-00098872-00099272": "One thing I wanna point out here, just to remind you is", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00359-00099279-00099742": "that, this code will always throw an exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00360-00099749-00099983": "You'll see that regardless of whether or not I get true or", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00361-00099989-00100240": "false here, I'm gonna either do the top part of the if", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00362-00100246-00100410": "which throws one type of exception,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00363-00100416-00100530": "or the bottom which throws another.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00364-00100537-00100917": "The code on line 17 will never get executed.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00365-00100924-00101247": "You see that because as soon as I throwRandomError it", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00366-00101254-00101411": "throws an exception and then", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00367-00101417-00101718": "I jump immediately into the CATCH line.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00368-00101724-00102155": "The compiler is also smart enough to help you with this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00369-00102162-00102295": "So let's do the following.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00370-00102302-00102752": "Let's say here that I'm going to just catch exceptions", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00371-00102759-00103062": "of type NullPointerException here.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00372-00103069-00103323": "What's gonna happen if I try to compile this?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00373-00103676-00103773": "Right.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00374-00103780-00103900": "So this is going to be sort of confusing.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00375-00103907-00104133": "So the compiler is saying, you're not catching the", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00376-00104140-00104290": "exceptions and you're thinking,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00377-00104297-00104430": "I am catching the exceptions.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00378-00104437-00104757": "Here's the problem, that function throws-can throw", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00379-00104764-00104908": "anything of type Exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00380-00104914-00105271": "And you're only catching NullPointerExceptions.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00381-00105278-00105558": "And so the compiler again is warning you,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00382-00105565-00105795": "there are exceptions that this code can throw", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00383-00105802-00105942": "that you are not catching.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00384-00105949-00106359": "So the code won't compile until you fix this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00385-00106366-00106629": "So if I go up here, I can do the following.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00386-00106636-00107170": "Let's declare this to throw a NullPointerException and", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00387-00107177-00107987": "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00388-00107994-00108271": "Now I'm okay, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00389-00108278-00108795": "Um, because-actually I shouldn't be okay.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00390-00108802-00109312": "Ah, okay.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00391-00109319-00109579": "No this has rolled over to the next line, let's try this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00392-00109586-00109899": "Declare this throw ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00393-00109906-00110043": "okay so now, I have a problem, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00394-00110049-00110413": "Actually not sure why it's allowing me to even compile", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00395-00110420-00110653": "this code because I'm only declaring that I'm catching", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00396-00110660-00110827": "that NullPointerException.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00397-00110833-00110997": "Oh, I know why this is-sorry, we'll- this will make", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00398-00111004-00111157": "more sense in a minute.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00399-00111164-00111264": "This is a bad example.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00400-00111271-00111498": "Let me go back and just return it to say", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00401-00111504-00111758": "that I'm throwing Exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00402-00111764-00112061": "Alright, so again, compiler is helping me, I'm not catching", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00403-00112068-00112265": "all the exceptions that you could possibly.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00404-00112272-00112695": "Alright, questions about this before we go on?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00405-00112702-00113066": "I apologize for muddying the waters a little bit, um,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00406-00113072-00113219": "with that example but that'll make", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00407-00113226-00113409": "a little bit more sense in a minute.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00408-00113416-00113540": "Okay.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00409-00113546-00113827": "So one of the things that can be difficult to understand", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00410-00113833-00114190": "about exceptions is what happens when they are handled.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00411-00114197-00114711": "Because, you know, until now, we've had this very linear,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00412-00114717-00115038": "very comfortable model of Java execution where I execute a", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00413-00115044-00115308": "line of code, if that line calls a function, I start", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00414-00115315-00115532": "running the function until the function returns and then I", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00415-00115538-00115708": "continue running the function that called that function,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00416-00115715-00115865": "just sort of one after the other.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00417-00115872-00116075": "I might have a loop that I go back to the top.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00418-00116082-00116292": "I might have an if else statement that I execute only", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00419-00116299-00116619": "one block of, but we're pretty comfortable with this so far.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00420-00116626-00116853": "When exceptions get thrown,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00421-00116859-00117297": "more interesting code flow can occur.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00422-00117303-00117730": "So for example, wh-what Java will do when an Exception gets", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00423-00117737-00118224": "thrown, is that it will throw that Exception up the col-we", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00424-00118231-00118424": "saw this, up the call stack.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00425-00118431-00118581": "So if the function that called-", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00426-00118588-00118815": "if the function that j-you can generate,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00427-00118822-00119098": "you can handle the exception right there, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00428-00119105-00119239": "With the try catch statement.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00429-00119245-00119572": "If that function declares that it's thrown, Java will look at", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00430-00119579-00119726": "the function that called it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00431-00119732-00119913": "If that function that called it didn't handle it, it'll", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00432-00119919-00120130": "look s-it'll look in the function that called the", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00433-00120136-00120333": "function that called it and it'll keep doing this", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00434-00120340-00120527": "until it finds a CATCH block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00435-00120533-00120757": "So this is probably easier to show you here.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00436-00120763-00120947": "So what's happening here?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00437-00120954-00121518": "So I've got a function called foo4, foo4 is calling foo3,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00438-00121524-00121821": "which calls foo2, which calls foo1,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00439-00121828-00122118": "which generates an exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00440-00122125-00122295": "So this is going to again do", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00441-00122302-00122458": "the same dumb thing we did before.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00442-00122465-00122792": "I create a reference variable of type Object, set it to null", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00443-00122799-00123049": "and then try to call a method on it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00444-00123056-00123223": "That's not going to work, it's going to generate a", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00445-00123229-00123336": "NullPointerException.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00446-00123343-00123536": "What's going to happen next?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00447-00123543-00123907": "So foo1 is what generated this exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00448-00123913-00124444": "But I'm gonna look up in foo2, does foo2 catch the exception?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00449-00124450-00124637": "Well first of all, is the exception caught right here?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00450-00124644-00124934": "Is this code inside a try catch block?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00451-00124941-00125038": "No.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00452-00125044-00125241": "I'm gonna look in foo2.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00453-00125248-00125508": "Does foo2 handle this exception?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00454-00125515-00125632": "No.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00455-00125638-00125758": "I'm gonna look in foo3.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00456-00125765-00125909": "Does foo3 handle this exception?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00457-00125915-00126019": "No.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00458-00126025-00126212": "Finally, I get all the way up to foo4", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00459-00126219-00126476": "and I find a catch block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00460-00126483-00126893": "And so that's the next line of code that's going to execute.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00461-00126900-00127233": "Even if there's other code inside foo1, foo2, and foo3,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00462-00127240-00127697": "as soon as an exception is thrown, Java begins throwing", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00463-00127704-00127997": "that exception up the call stack from the function that", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00464-00128004-00128218": "I'm running in to the function that called that function to", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00465-00128224-00128465": "the function that called that function all the way", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00466-00128471-00128688": "until I find a CATCH block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00467-00128695-00129165": "Or in certain cases until I don't find a CATCH block and", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00468-00129172-00129385": "your entire program crashes.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00469-00129392-00129592": "So that can also happen with-with exceptions.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00470-00129599-00129946": "So again here's-here's a example here.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00471-00129953-00130390": "So let's put code in the handler.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00472-00130947-00131407": "Now let's put code here, just to print off what's going on.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00473-00131414-00131694": "Same thing.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00474-00132388-00132729": "And I'll put one print off here.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00475-00133233-00133319": "And you'll see that the only thing", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00476-00133326-00133570": "that gets printed is foo4.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00477-00133576-00134097": "So when I ran foo4, now I've put this at the bottom but", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00478-00134103-00134477": "the, all the way down to here what happens is I start foo4.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00479-00134484-00135111": "I start running foo4, foo4 calls foo3 in a try catch block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00480-00135118-00135388": "foo3 calls foo2 not in a try catch block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00481-00135395-00135718": "foo2 calls foo1 not in a try catch block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00482-00135725-00135945": "foo1 generates an exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00483-00135952-00136409": "That exception propagates all the way up, starts in foo1,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00484-00136416-00136636": "Java says, is there a try catch block here?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00485-00136643-00136739": "No.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00486-00136746-00136936": "I'm gonna look at the function that called foo1, is there a", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00487-00136943-00137123": "try catch block around the function call?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00488-00137130-00137210": "No.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00489-00137217-00137307": "I'm gonna look at the function that called foo,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00490-00137313-00137544": "um, sorry that called foo2.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00491-00137550-00137704": "Is there a try catch block here?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00492-00137710-00137807": "No.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00493-00137814-00137974": "I'm gonna continue going, I'm gonna look at the function", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00494-00137981-00138074": "that called foo3.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00495-00138081-00138378": "Okay, I found some code that can catch this exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00496-00138384-00138818": "So Java will look at all of the function- essentially", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00497-00138825-00139125": "across the entire chain of functions that I called to get", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00498-00139132-00139262": "to wherever I am to look", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00499-00139269-00139449": "for something that could catch this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00500-00139455-00139996": "Now as soon as I catch the exception, usually I'm done.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00501-00140003-00140390": "So think about what's gonna happen now.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00502-00140396-00140740": "So let's put a try catch block here.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00503-00141538-00142202": "Or actually, I'm just gonna, let's just handle it silently.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00504-00142208-00142382": "Okay so now what's happening?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00505-00142388-00142836": "So now I run foo4, which calls foo3 inside a try catch block,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00506-00142842-00143189": "which calls foo2, which calls foo1 inside a try catch block,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00507-00143196-00143626": "which generates an exception- throws an exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00508-00143633-00143950": "But that exception is now handled immediately inside", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00509-00143957-00144244": "foo2, foo2 catches the exception,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00510-00144250-00144514": "it's-I can have an empty catch block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00511-00144521-00144737": "You generally don't want to do this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00512-00144744-00145061": "When an exception handle happens, you usually wanna", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00513-00145068-00145335": "do-you're usually gonna do something special to handle it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00514-00145341-00145572": "But for the purposes of this example,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00515-00145578-00145705": "let's just leave it empty.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00516-00145712-00145989": "So this empty block is executed.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00517-00145995-00146319": "Java says okay we must be done with the exception now,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00518-00146326-00146456": "it's been caught.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00519-00146462-00146886": "And then I execute foo2, foo2 finishes, foo3 then finishes", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00520-00146893-00147063": "because I called foo2.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00521-00147070-00147293": "And if I put a print off down here,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00522-00147300-00148067": "put this outside the try catch block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00523-00148074-00148611": "I'll see that too.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00524-00148618-00148838": "Questions about this?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00525-00148845-00149199": "Again this is one of the-the gnarlier bits of the- of this", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00526-00149205-00149412": "particular mechanism.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00527-00149419-00149502": "Yeah, Jeremy?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00528-00149509-00150043": "[inaudible]", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00529-00150049-00150216": "No the try in foo4 is never executed.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00530-00150223-00150440": "You'll see here that- you see this print out?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00531-00150446-00150687": "Because by this point,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00532-00150693-00150874": "the exception has already been caught.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00533-00150880-00151191": "Right, so the question was the try in foo4 succeed?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00534-00151197-00151384": "Oh, I'm sorry, yeah the try statement succeeds,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00535-00151391-00151574": "this doesn't throw an exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00536-00151581-00151778": "Because the exception has already been caught", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00537-00151784-00151991": "up here in foo2.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00538-00151998-00152388": "I'm just gonna pause here for a minute and see if there's", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00539-00152395-00152805": "any other questions about this because again this is-the-the", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00540-00152812-00153152": "path that your code can start to take once you start", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00541-00153159-00153383": "catching and throwing exceptions is different than", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00542-00153389-00153700": "you're used to because of this mechanism.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00543-00153706-00154140": "This is a new type of code flow, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00544-00154147-00154317": "That we have not seen before.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00545-00154324-00154464": "Okay, let's keep going.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00546-00154470-00154984": "So the kind of exceptions that happen in Java can be broken", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00547-00154991-00155158": "into roughly three categories.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00548-00155165-00155358": "And you're probably, you know, so Java programmer-you're", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00549-00155365-00155705": "probably going to spend about, I would say, particularly once", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00550-00155712-00156025": "you get to be a-a good Java programmer, about, I don't", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00551-00156032-00156509": "know, 60% of your time on the first kind, um, 39% of your", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00552-00156516-00156729": "time on the second kind and 1% of your time on the third.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00553-00156736-00156890": "Right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00554-00156896-00157177": "So we're gonna spend about that much time here today as well.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00555-00157183-00157517": "The first category of exceptions are what are called", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00556-00157524-00157664": "checked exceptions.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00557-00157670-00158017": "The idea behind a checked exception is that you know", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00558-00158024-00158318": "that something can potentially go wrong.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00559-00158324-00158518": "It's outside of your control.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00560-00158525-00158785": "Has to do with like the environment, maybe it has to", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00561-00158791-00158972": "do with the user, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00562-00158978-00159175": "It's possible that your program can receive an", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00563-00159182-00159439": "incorrect input or something bad can happen.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00564-00159445-00159656": "Like the network might go down, or the file that you", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00565-00159662-00159899": "tried to open might not exist or something like that, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00566-00159906-00160109": "So you're aware of the possibility", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00567-00160116-00160350": "that there is an error.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00568-00160356-00160703": "And you are planning a way to deal with that problem, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00569-00160710-00161027": "So this is-this is what a checked exception is.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00570-00161034-00161341": "Checked exceptions are usually declared to be thrown by a", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00571-00161347-00161674": "function and, again as a programmer what you're doing", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00572-00161681-00161898": "is you're preparing for a problem.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00573-00161905-00162121": "You're aware of the fact that a problem might occur, you're", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00574-00162128-00162398": "writing code to prepare for it if it happens.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00575-00162405-00162772": "So unchecked exceptions are sometimes", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00576-00162779-00162966": "referred to as runtime errors.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00577-00162972-00163286": "These are unanticipated problems.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00578-00163293-00163496": "So in the first case, we're anticipating that something", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00579-00163503-00163803": "might go wrong and we're gonna do some work as the programmer", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00580-00163810-00163977": "to prepare for that.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00581-00163983-00164250": "In the second category, you are not anticipating that", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00582-00164257-00164647": "something could go wrong because usually these are the", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00583-00164654-00164888": "result of something dumb that you did.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00584-00164894-00165041": "You messed up.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00585-00165048-00165271": "You walked off the end of an array.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00586-00165278-00165538": "You have a reference that you didn't check it for null", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00587-00165545-00165758": "that you tried to do something with.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00588-00165765-00166039": "If you had anticipated these, you probably would've written", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00589-00166045-00166189": "your code differently.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00590-00166196-00166376": "You would've checked for null, you would've not walked off", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00591-00166382-00166599": "the end of the array, you would've adjusted the for loop", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00592-00166606-00166809": "bounds so that that didn't happen, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00593-00166816-00167156": "So these are almost always the result of programmer error.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00594-00167163-00167507": "And then the final case are errors.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00595-00167514-00167904": "And this-this is Java's terminology not mine, you", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00596-00167911-00168147": "might think that these are all errors, but a Java error is,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00597-00168154-00168411": "uh, a serious problem with the system", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00598-00168418-00168605": "or with the Java runtime.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00599-00168611-00168865": "These are not recoverable, typically.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00600-00168872-00169058": "These are like, you're out of memory", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00601-00169065-00169359": "or something of that sort, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00602-00169365-00169596": "These are-these are serious problems.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00603-00169602-00169779": "Sometimes they're caused by you, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00604-00169786-00169949": "So for example, if your program runs out of memory,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00605-00169956-00170183": "you might redesign it to use less memory.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00606-00170190-00170527": "A stack overflow error is an error", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00607-00170533-00170657": "that can fall into this category.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00608-00170663-00170847": "Some of you have seen that one recently.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00609-00170854-00171014": "That is caused by you, typically you have some sort", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00610-00171020-00171314": "of recursive function that doesn't have a base case, or", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00611-00171321-00171494": "doesn't reach the base case.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00612-00171501-00171721": "Um, so sometimes these errors are caused by our code, um,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00613-00171728-00171941": "but they're also not recoverable.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00614-00171948-00172285": "Usually by that point, the only thing left", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00615-00172292-00172539": "is for Java to crash.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00616-00172545-00172705": "It'll tell you a little bit about what happened", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00617-00172712-00172809": "so you can fix it,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00618-00172815-00173079": "but, uh, there's no way to kind of work around this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00619-00173086-00173369": "Alright, so let's talk about checked exceptions first.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00620-00173376-00173630": "Again, this is probably the category that's the most", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00621-00173636-00173933": "important to understand as a Java programmer, somebody", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00622-00173940-00174157": "who's gonna write code that deals with errors.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00623-00174163-00174584": "So typically, again, these are cases for where there's some", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00624-00174591-00174878": "sort of failure in the universe that's going to", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00625-00174884-00175121": "affect your program.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00626-00175128-00175275": "So here's some examples.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00627-00175281-00175565": "Your file tried to open a program, uh,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00628-00175572-00175845": "your-your program started-o-tried to open a file,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00629-00175852-00176155": "and that file didn't exist.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00630-00176162-00176446": "Maybe the-that-that user moved something on you and didn't", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00631-00176452-00176556": "tell you about it or something.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00632-00176563-00176783": "So there's-there is-here is one example, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00633-00176789-00176936": "I needed to open a file as part of my program,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00634-00176943-00177153": "that file wasn't there.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00635-00177160-00177477": "Um, so we'll look at a l-uh, this in an examp-I just pulled", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00636-00177483-00177904": "some random examples from-from code that I was familiar with.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00637-00177911-00178117": "Um, you tried to parse.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00638-00178124-00178261": "So there's something called a URI", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00639-00178268-00178401": "that's used on the internet.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00640-00178408-00178721": "Um, URLs are a subset of URIs.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00641-00178728-00178985": "This is an identifier that has a particular kind of syntax.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00642-00178992-00179369": "It's a string that identifies a resource that I can use.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00643-00179375-00179636": "But if the string doesn't have the right syntax, I might get", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00644-00179642-00179889": "something called a URI syntax exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00645-00179896-00180109": "We'll-we'll see an example of this in a minute.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00646-00180116-00180480": "Um, so and-and here's an ex-well, here is the example.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00647-00180486-00180670": "We'll see it right now, I guess, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00648-00180677-00181014": "So, um, and this is an interesting chance for us to", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00649-00181020-00181331": "look at the hierarchy here.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00650-00181337-00181764": "So before we said that Exception is the parent class", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00651-00181771-00182071": "of, uh, all Java exceptions and we can see here that", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00652-00182078-00182348": "java.net.URISyntaxException inherits from", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00653-00182355-00182595": "java.lang.Exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00654-00182602-00182852": "java.lang.Exception, itself inherits from", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00655-00182859-00183146": "java.lang.Throwable, so there's that one level of", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00656-00183152-00183449": "additional hierarchy there because there's both errors an", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00657-00183456-00183643": "exceptions that fall under Throwable.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00658-00183650-00183990": "And then, of course, everything inherits from Object.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00659-00183997-00184517": "And-and so this is-and like I said before, I wanna emphasize", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00660-00184524-00184811": "this, because this is something that's kind of nice about Java.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00661-00184817-00185111": "In Java, errors are objects.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00662-00185118-00185301": "Exceptions are objects.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00663-00185308-00185678": "And so they have properties.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00664-00185685-00185922": "They have methods that you can call, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00665-00185929-00186192": "You can, uh, return them from a function, like you can", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00666-00186199-00186533": "create your own that inherit from existing ones", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00667-00186539-00186693": "and customize their behavior, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00668-00186699-00186936": "They fit seamlessly into the rest", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00669-00186943-00187106": "of the Java object modeling.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00670-00187113-00187537": "So as I just show-showed you a few slides ago, oh sorry,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00671-00187544-00187630": "yeah.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00672-00187637-00187857": "[inaudible]", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00673-00187864-00188064": "Uni-Universal Resource Identifier.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00674-00188071-00188318": "Yeah.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00675-00188324-00189566": "[inaudible]", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00676-00189572-00189729": "I'll-I'll yeah, lemme, lemme,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00677-00189736-00189899": "uh, le-lemme come back to that in a sec.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00678-00189906-00189983": "So the question was, are we gonna talk", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00679-00189989-00190123": "about these unchecked exceptions?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00680-00190129-00190200": "Yeah.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00681-00190206-00190296": "We'll-we'll talk about that in a minute.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00682-00190303-00190493": "Once we get done with the checked exceptions, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00683-00190500-00191067": "So, uh-r-there-there is, checked exceptions are thrown", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00684-00191074-00191424": "in Java in places where the code or the library's aware", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00685-00191431-00191584": "that an error might occur.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00686-00191591-00192111": "So for example, if I'm writing the java.net library and I", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00687-00192118-00192362": "have some code that parses", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00688-00192368-00192752": "a URI or a Universal Resource Identifier.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00689-00192759-00193066": "If the string that you gave me is like gobbledigook", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00690-00193072-00193353": "and doesn't have the right format, that code is", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00691-00193359-00193773": "going to throw a URI syntax exception to tell you, the", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00692-00193780-00194197": "programmer, somehow, I don't know how maybe it's the user's", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00693-00194204-00194504": "fault, maybe it's your fault, you passed me a string that", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00694-00194510-00194714": "does not contain a valid URI.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00695-00194721-00194864": "I can't parse it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00696-00194871-00195291": "So that code's gonna throw an exception and if you use that", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00697-00195298-00195652": "library, you now have to potentially handle it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00698-00195658-00195919": "So if you call a function that throws an exception, you have", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00699-00195925-00196152": "to do either one of two things.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00700-00196159-00196512": "You can either wrap it in a try catch block, which means", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00701-00196519-00196786": "that you are going to handle the exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00702-00196793-00197093": "Or, in other cases, you can declare that the function that", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00703-00197100-00197293": "you're writing also throws that exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00704-00197300-00197530": "Which essentially means, sort of like passing the buck,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00705-00197537-00198024": "you're now saying that if you call my function, you have to", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00706-00198031-00198208": "deal with this problem, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00707-00198214-00198398": "So you could do two things with a checked exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00708-00198404-00198735": "You can handle it or you can declare that your function", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00709-00198741-00199132": "throws it and then someone else, somewhere else who uses", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00710-00199138-00199379": "your code is going to have to handle it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00711-00199385-00199542": "So those are your two options.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00712-00199549-00199966": "So here's one of them, here I'm creating a new URI that", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00713-00199973-00200186": "can generate a URI syntax exception,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00714-00200193-00200516": "all I'm gonna do here is complain, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00715-00200523-00200813": "I'm just gonna, print something to the console and", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00716-00200820-00201164": "say bad, uh code, this is not a good URI.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00717-00201170-00201264": "Usually I wanna do something", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00718-00201271-00201594": "a little more sophisticated than this, um.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00719-00201601-00201854": "Or if I don't want to handle it,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00720-00201861-00202081": "sometimes I don't know how to handle it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00721-00202088-00202252": "Sometimes th-this isn't the right place", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00722-00202258-00202358": "to handle this problem.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00723-00202365-00202585": "In that case, I can throw it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00724-00202592-00203006": "So now, I'm allowed to call the constructor to create a", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00725-00203012-00203176": "URI and pass it a string.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00726-00203182-00203386": "This constructor generates this exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00727-00203393-00203776": "Now I'm allowed to call that constructor, but in order to", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00728-00203783-00203940": "do that I've had to declare that my function can now throw", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00729-00203947-00204220": "a URISyntaxException.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00730-00204227-00204594": "Alright, so, so here's an example with URI.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00731-00204601-00205034": "Um, you know I have to, you know I have to either say", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00732-00205041-00205565": "throws, um, URISyntaxExceptions-", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00733-00205571-00205712": "is it exception or error?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00734-00205718-00205815": "I think it's exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00735-00205822-00206172": "Nope, URISyntaxError.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00736-00206532-00206619": "Oh I have to import it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00737-00206626-00207260": "Alright, java.net.URISyntaxException,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00738-00207267-00207597": "let's get this into my space.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00739-00207604-00207927": "I'll do SyntaxException.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00740-00207934-00208464": "Right, so now, so-so again.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00741-00208471-00208658": "I can pass the buck,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00742-00208665-00208835": "but I still have to handle it somewhere right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00743-00208841-00209132": "So now if I wanted to-to run this code, now I have to put", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00744-00209138-00209325": "my try catch block out here.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00745-00209332-00209756": "Because now, uh, the compiler is saying, you're still not", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00746-00209762-00209916": "handling that error anywhere.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00747-00209923-00210787": "You know, uh, you-you have to do that.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00748-00210793-00210960": "You can't just ignore it, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00749-00210967-00211107": "So now I can do it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00750-00211114-00211451": "And now let's put something in that isn't a valid URI,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00751-00211457-00211631": "I guess that is a valid URI.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00752-00211638-00212021": "Let's do, hm.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00753-00212028-00212262": "Let's put something like that, is that a valid URI?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00754-00212465-00213032": "Let's try this guy.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00755-00213039-00213373": "I'm having a hard time with this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00756-00213379-00214290": "Try this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00757-00214297-00214694": "Pretty sure I had-some point I had a way of doing this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00758-00214701-00215104": "Let's try this guy.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00759-00215111-00215198": "There we go", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00760-00215204-00215305": "[laughs].", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00761-00215311-00215481": "I think it's like another-an emoji", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00762-00215488-00215705": "before it really-really throw up its hands, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00763-00215712-00215875": "Okay so finally, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00764-00215882-00216112": "Apparently, this is-apparently this is not a good URI.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00765-00216119-00216402": "Like, uh, something that starts to be looking like", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00766-00216409-00216719": "shruggy is not-not, um, not-not okay.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00767-00216726-00217293": "Alternatively, so again, I can either throw the exception out", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00768-00217300-00217630": "of the function or I could put that try catch block in here.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00769-00217637-00218281": "Say try, let's do this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00770-00219639-00219852": "And now here, you know this-this is one of those", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00771-00219859-00220013": "things where you have to-we have to start thinking,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00772-00220019-00220176": "what should I do?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00773-00220183-00220443": "Like what should I do when something goes wrong?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00774-00220450-00220707": "Anyone have any ideas?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00775-00220713-00220880": "This function's supposed to return a URI.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00776-00221351-00221588": "Could I do-I mean, you know, again, error handling isn't", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00777-00221594-00221831": "always simple, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00778-00221838-00222245": "Um, what might I want to try here?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00779-00222252-00222492": "[inaudible]", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00780-00222498-00222665": "Yeah, so, yeah I could do that.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00781-00222672-00222906": "I could basically say, I'm gonna give you a URI", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00782-00222912-00223076": "that I know works, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00783-00223082-00223443": "As a default.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00784-00223449-00223623": "If I was doing this on Android, I'd probably", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00785-00223630-00223927": "wanna put some logging in here, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00786-00223933-00224207": "This is a good place to put an error message.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00787-00224213-00224424": "And this is not going to work obviously,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00788-00224430-00224621": "because this is not on an-Android.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00789-00224627-00225154": "Received a bad URI and then I would log the string or", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00790-00225161-00225251": "something like this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00791-00225258-00225405": "Cause-cause again, it depends.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00792-00225411-00225575": "If this is coming from another place in your application,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00793-00225582-00225718": "then you have a problem.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00794-00225725-00225925": "If it's coming from the user, then you might wanna display a", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00795-00225932-00226219": "message here and say, you know that's not a valid URI, please", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00796-00226225-00226409": "enter something else, or something like that, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00797-00226416-00226583": "How we handle the error's really dependent on-on the", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00798-00226589-00226789": "application we're writing.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00799-00226796-00226996": "But those are our two options, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00800-00227003-00227957": "Again, this is not gonna- why is it mad at me now?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00801-00227964-00228254": "Oh, okay.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00802-00228261-00228655": "I'm struggling today, there we go.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00803-00228661-00228895": "Yeah so now you can see what happens, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00804-00228902-00229172": "So essentially, if I try to create an invalid URI, I just", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00805-00229178-00229375": "hand you back something I have that works, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00806-00229382-00229495": "I could-I could return null,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00807-00229502-00229809": "again I could flash a message, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00808-00229816-00230023": "But in-in general, the error handling strategy depends a", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00809-00230029-00230166": "lot on what I'm trying to do.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00810-00230173-00230353": "Okay.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00811-00230360-00230650": "So let's talk about the next category of exceptions,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00812-00230657-00230900": "which are unchecked.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00813-00230907-00231234": "So a checked exception, somewhere in the code,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00814-00231241-00231437": "there's a throw.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00815-00231444-00231758": "And then I've designed these CATCH blocks somewhere", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00816-00231764-00232141": "in my code to handle a potential error.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00817-00232148-00232645": "Unchecked exceptions are much harder to antipasti because", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00818-00232652-00232872": "again, they typically are a result of a mistake", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00819-00232879-00233082": "on your part, or on someone else's part.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00820-00233089-00233403": "Your partner's part for the final project, um, I'm sure", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00821-00233409-00233736": "all the errors in your project will be your partner's fault,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00822-00233743-00233883": "um.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00823-00233890-00234237": "So, that's always how it works right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00824-00234244-00234867": "Um, alright, so in this case, I'm not necessarily gonna use", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00825-00234874-00235158": "the same try catch mechanisms, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00826-00235164-00235505": "Um, because I can't anticipate the problem, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00827-00235511-00235925": "If you knew that you were going to dereference null, you", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00828-00235932-00236129": "would fix the problem, you would check for null.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00829-00236135-00236322": "If you knew you were gonna walk off the end of the array,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00830-00236329-00236546": "you would fix the for loop, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00831-00236552-00236993": "Here's some examples of these that you have probably met.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00832-00237000-00237273": "I suspect that many of you, if not all, have generated most", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00833-00237280-00237477": "or all of these exceptions.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00834-00237483-00237590": "Maybe not all of them.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00835-00237597-00237727": "ArrayIndexOutOfBounds, you walked off the end", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00836-00237734-00237844": "of an array, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00837-00237850-00238147": "NullPointer, you had a reference and it was null and", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00838-00238154-00238271": "you dereferenced it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00839-00238278-00238381": "This is a fun one.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00840-00238388-00238905": "ClassCastException, when does this happen?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00841-00238912-00239329": "You guys have done more with casting an inheritance than we", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00842-00239335-00239712": "had in the past, I suspect you guys have seen this as well.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00843-00239719-00239876": "When does this happen?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00844-00239882-00240356": "I'll come back and talk about this, but typically what", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00845-00240363-00240650": "you're doing is you're doing a downcast.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00846-00240657-00240980": "Remember, upcast the compiler will allow you to do safely,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00847-00240987-00241107": "they'll check them for you.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00848-00241114-00241444": "But downcast, you know, you're telling the compiler,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00849-00241451-00241617": "I know this is safe.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00850-00241624-00241818": "If it's not, this is what's gonna happen.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00851-00241824-00242061": "At runtime, you're gonna have this ClassCastException.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00852-00242068-00242422": "Um, IllegalArgumentException, you've passed arguments to a", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00853-00242428-00242829": "function that it doesn't support, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00854-00242835-00243169": "Um, alright, so let's have some fun with this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00855-00243176-00243463": "Let's see if in a few minutes we can generate all of these", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00856-00243469-00243640": "different kinds of exceptions.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00857-00243646-00243843": "So let's get the easy ones out of the way first.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00858-00243850-00244307": "So we'll say, let's create an array.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00859-00244314-00244674": "This requires that I be able to type and then I'm gonna", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00860-00244681-00245211": "dereference array 4.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00861-00245218-00245358": "It doesn't like this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00862-00245365-00245588": "Need to do something with it, so I'll print it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00863-00245595-00245979": "Uh oh, okay so, what happened, here's", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00864-00245985-00246215": "an example of this try catch syntax", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00865-00246222-00246542": "where I catch one type of exception after another.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00866-00246549-00246843": "One thing I wanna point out here that's different and this", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00867-00246849-00247003": "is why we got into a little bit of trouble", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00868-00247010-00247160": "with that earlier example.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00869-00247166-00247597": "faulter does not declare that it throws any exceptions,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00870-00247604-00247707": "did you notice that?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00871-00247714-00247941": "It is throwing exceptions, but they're not declared.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00872-00247947-00248217": "Why are they not declared?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00873-00248224-00248534": "Because these are unchecked exceptions.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00874-00248541-00248865": "If I declared that it threw an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00875-00248871-00249065": "just fix the problem, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00876-00249072-00249312": "Don't declare that your code throws it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00877-00249319-00249686": "So essentially, I'm allowed to throw these unchecked", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00878-00249692-00250029": "exceptions without declaring that I'm going to do that.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00879-00250036-00250353": "Because they happen because of these kind of mistakes.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00880-00250360-00250743": "So, again, I don't put static faul-fol-faulter throws an", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00881-00250750-00251027": "ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException it could still happen,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00882-00251034-00251214": "because my code has a mistake.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00883-00251220-00251674": "Alright, so let's do a couple more examples of these.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00884-00251681-00252719": "Um, Object willBeNull is equal to null, willbeBull.hashCode,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00885-00252725-00253136": "a little bit of a preview for Friday's lecture,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00886-00253142-00253346": "let's print off this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00887-00253353-00253416": "Is that gonna work?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00888-00253423-00253543": "No, it's not.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00889-00253549-00253653": "What happened when I handled it?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00890-00253660-00253900": "Java said is this an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00891-00253906-00254137": "No, it's a NullPointerException,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00892-00254143-00254407": "so I ended up in this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00893-00254414-00254737": "Okay, let's do some of the more fun ones now.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00894-00254744-00255178": "Let's create a new object.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00895-00255184-00255415": "And then let's say:", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00896-00256132-00256339": "Now, it'll ClassCastException.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00897-00256346-00256876": "So this is a forced downcast, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00898-00256883-00257250": "I am-I have to use an explicit cast here on line 5 to force", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00899-00257256-00257580": "this object into a string, but it's not a string.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00900-00257587-00257920": "And so unfortunately, the compiler can't check this for", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00901-00257927-00258091": "me at-at compile time.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00902-00258097-00258251": "Or what did the compiler-will-would-would do", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00903-00258257-00258651": "is it would say, by the way, on line 5 there you're doing", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00904-00258658-00258761": "something dangerous.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00905-00258768-00258971": "I hope that you know that that's really a String", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00906-00258978-00259145": "reference that you're trying to cast?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00907-00259152-00259292": "Of course in this case, we're wrong.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00908-00259298-00259382": "Right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00909-00259389-00259535": "So this is my ClassCastException.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00910-00259542-00260006": "IllegalArgumentException, this one, um, is a little tricky", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00911-00260013-00260219": "because I have to call a function, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00912-00260226-00260403": "But it turns out that I know a function", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00913-00260410-00260540": "that's going to work here.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00914-00260546-00260793": "So, and this will be a nice coda", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00915-00260800-00261037": "to our sorting lectures, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00916-00261044-00261517": "Um, so in case you need to sort something in Java, um,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00917-00261524-00261998": "please do the following.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00918-00262005-00262448": "That is how you do it, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00919-00262455-00262795": "Don't implement BubbleSort, just call Arrays.sort,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00920-00262802-00263016": "that'll sort this array for us.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00921-00263022-00263293": "Um, normally that will just work.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00922-00263299-00263723": "But, Arrays.sort will also allow me", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00923-00263730-00263883": "to sort part of the array.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00924-00263890-00264063": "So it'll take a start and an end.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00925-00264070-00264791": "But what happens if my start is greater than my end?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00926-00264797-00265181": "So now I'm doing something that's pretty", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00927-00265188-00265405": "counterintuitive- I'm essentially asking the array's", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00928-00265411-00265798": "class to sort this array, but start at index 1 and end at", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00929-00265805-00265972": "index 0 that doesn't make any sense, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00930-00265979-00266115": "And if we look,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00931-00266122-00266296": "and I wish I had the arrays documentation up.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00932-00266302-00266863": "If you look Arrays.sort, Arrays.sort will declare that", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00933-00266869-00267096": "it will throw an IllegalArgumentException.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00934-00267103-00267427": "Now again because IllegalArgumentExceptions are", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00935-00267433-00267800": "unchecked, I don't have to declare that I'm going to", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00936-00267807-00268064": "throw them or wrap it in a try catch block because it's", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00937-00268071-00268318": "again, this is a mistake on my part.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00938-00268324-00268444": "Right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00939-00268451-00268635": "This is not something that happened in the world", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00940-00268641-00268798": "that I'm trying to deal with.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00941-00268805-00269018": "The right way to fix this is to change my code.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00942-00269025-00269202": "Okay.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00943-00269208-00269629": "So, like I said, you don't have to declare that you", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00944-00269636-00269842": "handled them or wrap them in a try catch block,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00945-00269849-00270006": "but you can handle it, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00946-00270013-00270443": "So, again, if you are concerned about the result of", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00947-00270450-00270817": "calling a particular function and wanna make sure that it's", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00948-00270823-00271120": "safe, you can do things like this, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00949-00271127-00271307": "You know, this will catch", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00950-00271314-00271514": "a NullPointerException, properly.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00951-00271521-00271731": "You could also just check it for null, uh, but-but this", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00952-00271738-00271881": "will do the right thing.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00953-00271888-00272302": "I'm gonna show you in a few slides how some-so you might", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00954-00272308-00272472": "think, well why not just check for null here?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00955-00272478-00272689": "Why not just say if s equals null, you know,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00956-00272695-00272946": "send angry email to partner.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00957-00272952-00273252": "Um, the rea-I'll show you the reason for that in a minute.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00958-00273259-00273489": "There are times in which, uh, wrapping a bunch of", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00959-00273496-00273770": "potentially unsafe code in a try catch block can actually", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00960-00273776-00274057": "result in code that's a lot cleaner and easier to read.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00961-00274063-00274510": "There was a question a few minutes ago on, I think it", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00962-00274517-00274857": "came from the balcony, on why we-when your-when your code", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00963-00274864-00275234": "fails sometimes, you see this unchecked exception, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00964-00275241-00275465": "And so here's the reason for that.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00965-00275471-00276032": "So typically, what you do when you guys write bad code, is", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00966-00276039-00276399": "that, it's the equivalent of running faulter", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00967-00276406-00276616": "without the try catch block.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00968-00276623-00276899": "And so now what happens?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00969-00276906-00277543": "So t-my call to faulter on line 9 is safely wrapped", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00970-00277550-00277717": "in a try catch block, so that means", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00971-00277724-00277917": "that I'm gonna handle any errors that occur.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00972-00277924-00278298": "My call to faulter on line 7 is not wrapped in a try catch", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00973-00278304-00278554": "block, and it still generates an exception.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00974-00278561-00278871": "So here's what's happens when this code runs.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00975-00278878-00279285": "Java runs it, it says it threw an exception, is there any", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00976-00279292-00279455": "code that handles this?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00977-00279462-00279555": "No.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00978-00279562-00279869": "And so eventually, unchecked exceptions, if they are not", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00979-00279876-00280199": "caught, will bubble up all the way to the point where they", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00980-00280206-00280540": "cause the Java interpreter to crash.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00981-00280546-00280900": "And when it crashes, it'll print off some nice message", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00982-00280907-00281050": "for you about what went wrong.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00983-00281057-00281167": "Right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00984-00281174-00281461": "So again, if it-if I go forward and I look at this", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00985-00281467-00281874": "next piece of code, if I didn't wrap this in a try", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00986-00281881-00282335": "catch block, it's still, you know i-have the same problem,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00987-00282342-00282428": "right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00988-00282435-00282639": "What'll happen is that, my program will crash.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00989-00282645-00282802": "Right, Java will print off some messages", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00990-00282809-00282915": "about what went wrong.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00991-00282922-00283046": "Okay.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00992-00283052-00283206": "Almost to the end of this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00993-00283212-00283666": "30 seconds on errors, errors are serious conditions that", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00994-00283673-00283970": "are not recoverable, OutOfMemoryErrors is one", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00995-00283977-00284370": "example, StackOverflowErrors, um, note that again as I said", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00996-00284377-00284584": "before, these are sometimes still your fault.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00997-00284590-00284921": "But the point is that there's nothing to do.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00998-00284927-00285111": "By the time you've run out of memory,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-00999-00285118-00285291": "it is too late to save anything.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01000-00285298-00285528": "By the time you have flow-overflown the stack,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01001-00285535-00285645": "it's too late.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01002-00285652-00285835": "Java is going to crash.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01003-00285842-00286172": "It'll tell you a little bit on the way out, but there's no", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01004-00286179-00286366": "point trying to handle these things, they're'", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01005-00286372-00286539": "just going to cause the interpreter to crash.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01006-00286546-00286736": "Um, okay.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01007-00286743-00287026": "So lemme finish up today by just talking about a couple of", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01008-00287033-00287320": "strategies for handling different kinds of exceptions.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01009-00287327-00287610": "So errors, you got nothin'.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01010-00287617-00287794": "Y-there's no point in even trying.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01011-00287800-00288034": "Just give up, you're not gonna be able to handle it.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01012-00288041-00288394": "Unchecked exceptions, like we've been saying, are", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01013-00288401-00288554": "typically your fault.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01014-00288561-00288821": "Fix your code, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01015-00288828-00288985": "That's the way to avoid these.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01016-00288992-00289278": "These are always the result of either not following", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01017-00289285-00289532": "directions, not calling a function with the proper", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01018-00289539-00289786": "arguments, or just stupid mistakes.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01019-00289792-00289969": "You forgot to check for null, you walked off the end of an", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01020-00289976-00290089": "array, things like this.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01021-00290096-00290326": "As a programmer, I just wanna warn you about something,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01022-00290333-00290566": "maybe this is gonna depress you and cause you to give up", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01023-00290573-00290763": "your dream of going into computer science.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01024-00290770-00291037": "But you will never stop making these sort of dumb mistakes.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01025-00291044-00291274": "The only thing you will- what will happen is you'll get", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01026-00291280-00291474": "better at fixing them rapidly.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01027-00291481-00291691": "I still make them all the time.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01028-00291698-00291951": "Not as often as I used to, but still, often enough.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01029-00291958-00292405": "Checked exceptions, these you know we're not gonna talk", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01030-00292412-00292699": "about exceptions at length, but typically what to do", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01031-00292705-00293016": "depends a lot on why something went wrong.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01032-00293022-00293403": "If the user gave you some bad input, pop up a message and", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01033-00293409-00293686": "say hi, by the way this is not a valid whatever.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01034-00293693-00293820": "Please try again.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01035-00293826-00294130": "The wrong thing to do here is to crash, right?", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01036-00294137-00294364": "Usually with checked exceptions, you can handle", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01037-00294370-00294547": "them in a graceful way that allows your program to", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01038-00294554-00294974": "continue running, um, and continue accepting input,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01039-00294981-00295138": "continue working.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01040-00295144-00295538": "Okay, so I'm gonna stop here, we'll pick this up on Wednesday.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01041-00295545-00295825": "Just have a few more things to cover before we're done,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01042-00295832-00295942": "but we're very close.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01043-00295948-00296205": "A couple of announcements, keep in mind,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01044-00296212-00296389": "your final project is up.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01045-00296396-00296602": "Um, you guys have a checkpoint in a week,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01046-00296609-00296763": "so please get going on that.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01047-00296769-00297080": "Um, I do have office hours today, um, at 10 o'clock,", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01048-00297086-00297363": "assuming that I don't freeze on the way to Siebel.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01049-00297370-00297687": "Um, I will see you guys all on Friday.", "9ruT_MU7SUy-01050-00297694-00297834": "Good luck on the quiz."}}, {"audio_id": "9rz-_PdMHyc", "text": {"9rz-_PdMHyc-00000-00000000-00000200": "How to screen recording on Mobile phone", "9rz-_PdMHyc-00001-00000200-00000400": "Public demand"}}, {"audio_id": "9rZzZEdSIuA", "text": {"9rZzZEdSIuA-00000-00000008-00000463": "Welcome back to Cinemation Movie Recaps. Today I will show you the movie \"Real", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00001-00000463-00001104": "Steal\" from 2011. Beware of Spoilers. The film begins with a man driving his caravan car", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00002-00001104-00001576": "on a country road in the early morning. He stopped at the carnival, watching the people", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00003-00001576-00002264": "having fun. Then, the next morning, the carnival was silent and the man was drunk and received a", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00004-00002264-00002792": "call from a man who was chasing payment for a gambling dept. By this time human boxers like", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00005-00002792-00003408": "Charlie were substituted by robots. Charlie had one robot boxer named Ambush and it was scheduled", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00006-00003408-00003960": "to fight with a bull but Ambush loses. As he was about to escape the carnival owner Ricky,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00007-00004024-00004608": "Charlie was followed by two men, asking Charlie about his ex-girlfriend, Caroline. The two men", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00008-00004608-00005048": "said that she died and mentioned that he should attend a hearing for the custody of his son, Max,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00009-00005048-00005584": "who was a robot-boxing fan who Charlie didn't have any means to communicate with. The child’s aunt,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00010-00005640-00006176": "Debra, and her rich husband, Marvin, want to take full custody of Max but Charlie was", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00011-00006176-00006840": "opposing and bargains for 100,000 Dollars half in advance. Marvin told Charlie that he can have", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00012-00006840-00007416": "Max for three months while he and Debra will go on a trip. After the signing of papers,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00013-00007416-00007912": "Charlie bought Noisy Boy who he has to bring Tallet’s Gym, owned by the daughter of his", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00014-00007912-00008504": "former boxing coach, Bailey Tallet. Bailey was irritated with Charlie because he wasn't paying", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00015-00008504-00009160": "her and there is a buyer in the area. Marvin came to hand the money in cash and gave it to Max.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00016-00009160-00009496": "At first, Max and Charlie weren't good at being around each other.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00017-00009576-00010144": "But later on, when Max knew about Noisy Boy being bought by his father, he was shocked and amazed.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00018-00010256-00010792": "Max shows his fanboy side towards this robot by always tells stories about Noisy Boy’s battles.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00019-00010880-00011176": "When Charlie thought that he cannot use the vocal response control,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00020-00011240-00011832": "Max spoke in Japanese. Then, Bailey learns how to change Noisy Boy’s language settings.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00021-00011928-00012400": "Charlie bid goodbye to Bailey because he wants Noisy Boy to dive into the battle ring.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00022-00012488-00013008": "He was about to start his caravan car but Max grabbed his keys and began pleading to go with", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00023-00013008-00013632": "him. Max eventually convinced his father.  The father and son went to Crash Palace", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00024-00013632-00014240": "and want to duel in the main event. Then, Finn suggested Midas, and Charlie agreed.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00025-00014336-00014872": "During the battle of the Midas and Noisy Boy, at first it appeared that Noisy Boy was dominating.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00026-00014952-00015408": "However, the tables turned when Midas stuck back and Noisy Boy was destroyed.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00027-00015504-00015968": "Charlie was paid because the head of Noisy Boy was being displayed in front of the Palace.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00028-00016040-00016328": "Charlie and Max went to the Metal Valley junkyard,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00029-00016408-00016960": "attempting to rummage through parts to create a new boxing robot. They were like playing hide", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00030-00016960-00017480": "and seek to avoid being caught by the guards.  During their search, they saw many carcasses of", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00031-00017480-00018136": "old robots from many different generations. Max was on the edge of a cliff, Charlie warned him it", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00032-00018136-00018648": "was dangerous but unexpectedly, Max slides off to the cliff before he hurts himself,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00033-00018768-00019352": "Max was caught by the arm of a robot. Charlie made his way down where Max is and lifted him.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00034-00019448-00020032": "Max hugged his father tightly due to the feat and saw a robot buried in front of them. Max", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00035-00020032-00020544": "immediately removed the soil and sand from the body and take the robot. The two went", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00036-00020544-00021080": "back to the gym, having the carcasses body of Noisy Boy and the robot from the junkyard.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00037-00021160-00021720": "Then, Bailey and Charlie argued because of what happened to Noisy Boy. Then, Bailey", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00038-00021720-00022232": "successfully tried to repair the junk robot.  The junk robot named Atom was copying Max’s little", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00039-00022232-00022880": "sways. She concluded that the robot was in the second generation and it was obsolete but it can", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00040-00022880-00023464": "still endure intense damage. Atom can imitate and handle the opponent’s movement and store it in his", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00041-00023464-00024112": "memory because of its shadow function. Max took Atom outside and watered him with a water hose.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00042-00024176-00024728": "After cleaning, Max asked his father if Atom can do boxing but his father dismissed his", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00043-00024728-00025384": "idea saying that Atom is just a sparring robot. That night, Max turns on Atom, and they run.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00044-00025480-00025880": "That morning, Bailey mentioned to Max that she and Charlie grew up together", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00045-00025952-00026480": "because Charlie was one of the human boxers before that her father trained. She was proudly telling", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00046-00026480-00026992": "Max about his father’s history. Then, Charlie interrupts them and told that they’ll be leaving", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00047-00026992-00027600": "Tallet’s Boxing Gym and will be looking for an apartment. The two went on a grand palace event", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00048-00027600-00028183": "where the famous Robot Boxer, Zeus was fighting. When they enter, Charlie left Max for a while.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00049-00028304-00028992": "While waiting, many news reporters were running just to see Zeus and its owner, Tak Mashido. News", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00050-00028992-00029536": "reporters and cameramen were running and Max was being pushed by the crowd and starstruck on seeing", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00051-00029536-00029932": "Zeus for real. Max cannot hide his fanboy side. Back to Charlie, he was talking to Finn. Then,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00052-00029932-00029976": "he waits for Max to finish talking about Zeus. He was angry because Finn and Max didn't obey him.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00053-00029976-00030527": "The next morning, Charlie woke up hearing Max training Atom. After breakfast,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00054-00030527-00031032": "the father and son went to an underground battle in a zoo with a robot named Metro.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00055-00031032-00031664": "Atom won the battle. After that, Charlie and Max went to Parkway Motel to take some rest.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00056-00031736-00032320": "Charlie was talking to Bailey on the phone while Max was busy at his computer. The next day,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00057-00032320-00033048": "he was training Atom and playing music. Atom was imitating Max’s dancing. Max connected Noisy Boy’s", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00058-00033048-00033552": "vocal response control to Atom and persuaded his father to help him with his fighting move memory.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00059-00033632-00034152": "Early morning, Charlie trained Atom to box while Max trained Atom to dance.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00060-00034152-00034576": "Little by little, this results in a series of winnings in different boxing rings.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00061-00034664-00035232": "Charlie was offered to fight in World Robot Boxing against the national champion Twin Cities. Then,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00062-00035296-00035864": "an attendant came to them, Charlie and Max were invited to the suite of Zeus. A woman welcomed", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00063-00035864-00036448": "them and introduced Tak Mashido who was playing games on his phone. The woman directly said that", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00064-00036448-00037096": "they want to buy Atom. She offered a large sum of money but Max wasn’t happy about what he heard", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00065-00037096-00037768": "and immediately declined the offer. The battle between Atom and Twin Cities began. Atom attacks", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00066-00037768-00038408": "but Twin Cities takes the offensive effortless. Then, Charlie notices that the Twin Cities always", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00067-00038408-00039024": "throws right-handed punches, and because of this, he controlled Atom and made its win by a knockout.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00068-00039120-00039640": "And due to overwhelming happiness, Max challenges the Global Robot Champion, Zeus.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00069-00039640-00040240": "After the fight, Charlie and Max were robbed by Ricky and his two assistants. Also,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00070-00040240-00040624": "they beat Charlie for bailing. He was bruised and Max took care of him.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00071-00040696-00041088": "The next morning, Charlie gave back Max to his Aunt Debra and Uncle Marvin.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00072-00041176-00041688": "Max doesn't want to go because he wants Charlie to fight for him but Charlie wants Max to have", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00073-00041688-00042384": "a better life and he cannot give it to him. Max left upset. After giving Max back to his Aunt,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00074-00042448-00042840": "Charlie went straight back to Tallet’s Boxing Gym and found Bailey sleeping and", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00075-00042840-00043440": "went on the other side. Morning came, Bailey and Charlie were talking about these past events.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00076-00043512-00043952": "While talking, Bailey and Charlie kissed showing their affection to each other.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00077-00044024-00044624": "Bailey persuaded Charlie to arrange a challenging battle with Zeus that Max wants. He also convinces", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00078-00044624-00045200": "Debra to allow him to watch the battle. The battle between Zeus and Atom was the talk of the town.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00079-00045280-00045896": "Both robot boxers and their owners were being bombarded by the reporters and cameramen. They", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00080-00045896-00046432": "say that this battle is like David and Goliath.  Tak Mashido and his team were the first ones to", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00081-00046432-00047056": "came into the arena, followed by Charlie and Max with Atom behind them. Outside the arena,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00082-00047056-00047616": "Ricky made a $100,000 bet to Finn saying that Atom would not last in the first round.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00083-00047704-00048176": "Then the battle begins. Zeus took the dominance knocking down Atom in the first round.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00084-00048248-00048768": "Atom continued to get back up despite the hits he sustained from Zeus. And Atom survives the", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00085-00048768-00049400": "first round. Ricky who made a $100,000 bet was now trying to escape but was caught by the fight", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00086-00049400-00050080": "bookmakers. As the round passes by, Atom receives multiple punches from Zeus and continues to get", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00087-00050080-00050584": "knocked down often. Late in the fourth round, Atom’s vocal response controls were broken.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00088-00050688-00051096": "Max was forcing Charlie to use the shadow feature of Atom and his boxing skills that", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00089-00051096-00051704": "Atom will mimic. Zeus was now operating on low battery while Atom was looking for more punches.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00090-00051816-00052376": "Zeus resisted Atom but it slowly lost its strength due to the depleted battery level.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00091-00052448-00053032": "It was the time that Atom attacked. He dealt Zeus the multiple punches. Then,", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00092-00053032-00053624": "Tak takes control of his robot, manually. Max and Bailey were admiring Charlie while showing his", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00093-00053624-00054336": "boxing skills. They both had teary eyes and after multiple punches, Zeus was knocked down. The whole", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00094-00054336-00054936": "crowd was cheering but Zeus get back up but was saved by the bell. They were all happy for Atom", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00095-00055000-00055472": "but they have announced that Zeus was still the winner. The crowd wasn’t happy about the decision", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00096-00055552-00055960": "but the crowd loves how Atom fights and was named The People's Champion.", "9rZzZEdSIuA-00097-00056048-00057584": "Charlie and Max were happy for each other as well as Bailey regardless of the result."}}, {"audio_id": "9s2qeh9eWby", "text": {"9s2qeh9eWby-00000-00000000-00000079": "You are", "9s2qeh9eWby-00001-00000095-00000216": "these iconic characters", "9s2qeh9eWby-00002-00000216-00000342": "who we don't really know", "9s2qeh9eWby-00003-00000342-00000458": "much about you", "9s2qeh9eWby-00004-00000458-00000533": "like what are your", "9s2qeh9eWby-00005-00000533-00000679": "hobbies and likes", "9s2qeh9eWby-00006-00000679-00000767": "uh yeah", "9s2qeh9eWby-00007-00000767-00000934": "I tend to keep myself to myself a lot", "9s2qeh9eWby-00008-00000934-00001071": "I'm not on social media", "9s2qeh9eWby-00009-00001071-00001176": "in any shape or form", "9s2qeh9eWby-00010-00001176-00001343": "I prefer to keep all my", "9s2qeh9eWby-00011-00001343-00001551": "activities of a personal level", "9s2qeh9eWby-00012-00001584-00001655": "Personal", "9s2qeh9eWby-00013-00001655-00001730": "and private", "9s2qeh9eWby-00014-00001780-00001851": "Just because I find it", "9s2qeh9eWby-00015-00001851-00001951": "much more relaxing", "9s2qeh9eWby-00016-00001951-00002014": "I find the whole", "9s2qeh9eWby-00017-00002014-00002118": "concept of social media", "9s2qeh9eWby-00018-00002118-00002189": "just not", "9s2qeh9eWby-00019-00002231-00002356": "sort of unrelaxing", "9s2qeh9eWby-00020-00002356-00002485": "it feels like an unrelaxing thing", "9s2qeh9eWby-00021-00002485-00002560": "so I don't do it"}}, {"audio_id": "9sfheXUPH64", "text": {"9sfheXUPH64-00000-00000017-00000734": "In the 1930s many people got excited by the prospect of transmitting radio waves into the sky", "9sfheXUPH64-00001-00000780-00000980": "not Just to bounce off of", "9sfheXUPH64-00002-00001008-00001400": "aircraft or storm clouds but actually to destroy aircraft", "9sfheXUPH64-00003-00001580-00001852": "These death rays as they became to be known", "9sfheXUPH64-00004-00001938-00002203": "generated quite a lot of interest in even Nikolai Tesla", "9sfheXUPH64-00005-00002265-00002957": "claimed that he could build a system that would destroy 10,000 aircraft and blast them out of the sky using beams of radio waves", "9sfheXUPH64-00006-00003159-00003359": "In the UK", "9sfheXUPH64-00007-00003398-00003931": "Robert Watson-Watt, who had been working with Appleton on measurements of storm clouds with radio signals", "9sfheXUPH64-00008-00003992-00004588": "was also approached and asked if he could build a system that could destroy an aircraft and knock it out of the sky", "9sfheXUPH64-00009-00004728-00004928": "He did some calculations and", "9sfheXUPH64-00010-00004937-00005416": "his result was that no you could probably you would have to generate far too much energy in", "9sfheXUPH64-00011-00005444-00005899": "your beam in order to destroy an aircraft but you could certainly detect it", "9sfheXUPH64-00012-00005967-00006487": "Not only could you detect how far away it was but you potentially could detect which direction it was coming from", "9sfheXUPH64-00013-00006650-00007102": "In the 1930s this was a fairly key moment in", "9sfheXUPH64-00014-00007164-00007696": "Europe and the prospect of being able to detect aircraft at nighttime and", "9sfheXUPH64-00015-00007748-00007922": "st great distance", "9sfheXUPH64-00016-00007922-00008450": "was of great interest to the ministry of defense at the time", "9sfheXUPH64-00017-00008700-00009418": "In 1935 Robert Watson-Watt was awarded a patent for a pulsed radar system", "9sfheXUPH64-00018-00009578-00010183": "Now at the same time there were many parts of the world where they were developing similar kinds of radar systems", "9sfheXUPH64-00019-00010239-00010750": "So not only in the UK but also in Germany, in American, in Japan, in Italy", "9sfheXUPH64-00020-00010868-00011665": "Many countries were developing these radar systems but be apart because they were seen as military systems they were all being developed in secret", "9sfheXUPH64-00021-00011774-00011954": "but it's the pattern of", "9sfheXUPH64-00022-00011954-00012718": "1935 from Robert Watson-Watt that is seen as a key turning point in the development of pulsed radar systems"}}, {"audio_id": "9sr5X-B6z84", "text": {"9sr5X-B6z84-00000-00000000-00000200": "NGỒI ĐÀN MỘT KHÚC HÁT"}}, {"audio_id": "9tjwWSKVnFg", "text": {"9tjwWSKVnFg-00000-00000000-00000200": "MYSTERY DRINK CHALLENGE", "9tjwWSKVnFg-00001-00000200-00000400": "DO NOT CHOOSE WRONG!", "9tjwWSKVnFg-00002-00000400-00000600": "This video has 2 subtitles, Indonesia and English", "9tjwWSKVnFg-00003-00000600-00000800": "For complete information, see the description", "9tjwWSKVnFg-00004-00000800-00001000": "Street food"}}, {"audio_id": "9tm5GiQ86Yo", "text": {"9tm5GiQ86Yo-00000-00000045-00000300": "I want to wish all Pennsylvanians a very happy Labor Day.", "9tm5GiQ86Yo-00001-00000300-00000570": "This is Governor Tom Wolf, and this Labor Day is really special.", "9tm5GiQ86Yo-00002-00000570-00001155": "As I think most of you know, a lot of wine and spirits shops will be staying open on", "9tm5GiQ86Yo-00003-00001155-00001426": "Sunday before Labor Day -- actually 307 of them.", "9tm5GiQ86Yo-00004-00001426-00002156": "145 of them by Labor Day Sunday will have lottery ticket sales potential.", "9tm5GiQ86Yo-00005-00002156-00002560": "And over 300 grocery stores and convenience stores will be selling wine and beer.", "9tm5GiQ86Yo-00006-00002560-00002978": "So great weekend coming up, and there's a lot of opportunities for you to have a good time.", "9tm5GiQ86Yo-00007-00002978-00003066": "Happy Labor Day."}}, {"audio_id": "9tJgkOEQlgQ", "text": {"9tJgkOEQlgQ-00000-00000063-00000618": "Finding meaning is a big project, a long journey.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00001-00000618-00001083": "Maybe even a lifetime project, you could say.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00002-00001083-00002056": "And when there's a feeling of meaninglessness, a feeling that things seem to have no purpose,", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00003-00002056-00002734": "there is no easy fix to the situation.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00004-00002734-00003854": "There's no way to suddenly wake up and suddenly have everything click.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00005-00003854-00005150": "But it seems to me like there are clues that can help along the way, and they sort of point", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00006-00005150-00005935": "in the direction towards having something real and meaningful.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00007-00005935-00006720": "And I think to see them, it's important to not be afraid to think small, not dismiss", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00008-00006720-00007113": "anything, no matter how small.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00009-00007113-00008124": "Anything that gives us a little hint of a feeling of meaning, significance, feeling", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00010-00008124-00008843": "like something is important to us, no matter how small it is, no matter how limited.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00011-00008843-00009738": "And anything that gives us a feeling of being alive, a feeling of that joyous celebration", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00012-00009738-00010922": "of aliveness, even if it is in the smallest imaginable degree: that is something that", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00013-00010922-00012188": "we can use as a pointer to point in a direction that may lead to deeper meaning.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00014-00012188-00013147": "A few years ago, when I was in a darker state of mind, felt that feeling of meaninglessness,", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00015-00013147-00014013": "just sliding along through the years to inevitable decay, while feeling like I was missing out", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00016-00014013-00014983": "on really living my life, I would get these little hints - I would sometimes call them", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00017-00014983-00015915": "little joy hints or joy windows - in which I just got a little taste of what life could", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00018-00015915-00016231": "be like.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00019-00016231-00017117": "Sometimes it was in seeing the behaviour of some people close to me, noticing expression", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00020-00017117-00018077": "of love, and people living in a good way.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00021-00018077-00018910": "Sometimes it was through these sort of atmospheric effects like a summer sunshine day.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00022-00018910-00019373": "It's feeling that kind of sense of that kind of summer day.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00023-00019373-00020231": "It was triggering either some kind of memories of my earlier life, or even more so, memories", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00024-00020231-00021159": "of my earlier life where I imagined what life could be like, what would be the big future.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00025-00021159-00021831": "If you think back to when you're very young and had some ideas about what you might want", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00026-00021831-00022054": "in life.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00027-00022054-00022665": "But then as we get older, we get settled into a particular way of being, and those kinds", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00028-00022665-00023222": "of visions tend to get covered over with daily concerns.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00029-00023222-00024001": "But I would get these hints, and they would kind of hit me.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00030-00024001-00025004": "And sometimes they would bother me, because I was being reminded of what my life could", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00031-00025004-00025276": "be.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00032-00025276-00025700": "And I wasn't living that way.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00033-00025700-00027100": "I wasn't making my life the life that was really possible.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00034-00027100-00028893": "So, when I got these feelings, these clues, these hints, I was often disturbed, and felt", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00035-00028893-00028993": "uncomfortable.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00036-00028993-00030308": "But it made me realize how I had become comfortable in this kind of numb state, where I was avoiding", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00037-00030308-00030772": "thinking about what could have been or what could be different.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00038-00030772-00032081": "I was carrying on in a sort of \"don't disturb anything\" mentality of \"let's just keep things", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00039-00032081-00032745": "flat and moving along and not rock the boat\".", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00040-00032745-00033805": "But these hints of what my life could be: they did disturb me, and made me feel that", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00041-00033805-00034497": "it wasn't OK to simply be drifting along.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00042-00034497-00035054": "So at first, these were not all positive, really.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00043-00035054-00036296": "But once I started to consciously move towards finding greater meaning in my life, these", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00044-00036296-00037726": "little hints, these little windows, became guidelines, guideposts, for me, to give me", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00045-00037726-00038105": "a clue about what might be a good direction.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00046-00038105-00038956": "So that picture of a summer day, a certain kind of a feeling of a summer day, summer", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00047-00038956-00039354": "sunshine, summer memory: it may be connected to memory.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00048-00039354-00039862": "It may be connected to thoughts I had in earlier years.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00049-00039862-00040319": "And it's so vague and hard to put words to it.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00050-00040319-00041122": "But it points me towards a certain attitude, a certain way of living, where I am embracing", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00051-00041122-00041535": "life and living life to the full.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00052-00041535-00042544": "So this kind of a vague idea is a motivator for me now, to help me to organize my life", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00053-00042544-00042749": "and move in that direction.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00054-00042749-00043457": "Even though I can't say that is the meaning, that is itself meaning, because it's just", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00055-00043457-00044319": "this vague thing, but because it triggers that feeling of \"Oh, life can be more.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00056-00044319-00044572": "There's something there that I want.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00057-00044572-00044934": "There's something meaningful there for me.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00058-00044934-00045496": "There's something that brings me a feeling of aliveness.\"", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00059-00045496-00046457": "So it's through clues like that that can start to shape my direction, moving towards greater", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00060-00046457-00046695": "meaning.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00061-00046695-00047394": "So that's my thought for today, is when everything seems to be pointless, and there seems to", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00062-00047394-00048207": "be no direction, and things are just drifting, look for those tiniest clues.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00063-00048207-00048973": "What makes you get that little hit of feeling that \"Oh, what if my life included that?\"", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00064-00048973-00049749": "\"Oh, there's something in that, that it maybe recalls a memory of something that I've always", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00065-00049749-00050588": "wanted\", or something that \"It brings back a memory of how maybe I imagined life could", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00066-00050588-00051123": "be\", or \"It reminds me of some dreams that I had.\"", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00067-00051123-00051928": "And even if the connection is not clear, those little hints: like windows of light in the", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00068-00051928-00052649": "darkness that just start to give us a clue.", "9tJgkOEQlgQ-00069-00052649-00053045": "Look for those little points of light to guide you."}}, {"audio_id": "9taPlzJggjU", "text": {"9taPlzJggjU-00000-00000000-00000200": "I built a little triangle out of Lego bricks."}}, {"audio_id": "9u879zqw39Y", "text": {"9u879zqw39Y-00000-00000010-00000063": "RESTAURANTS, BUT BOTH HAVE BEEN", "9u879zqw39Y-00001-00000063-00000070": "RESTAURANTS, BUT BOTH HAVE BEEN", "9u879zqw39Y-00002-00000070-00000293": "RESTAURANTS, BUT BOTH HAVE BEEN CLOSED TEMPORARILY.", "9u879zqw39Y-00003-00000293-00000300": "RESTAURANTS, BUT BOTH HAVE BEEN CLOSED TEMPORARILY.", "9u879zqw39Y-00004-00000300-00000437": "RESTAURANTS, BUT BOTH HAVE BEEN CLOSED TEMPORARILY. >>> AS 2017 IS NEARING A CLOSE,", "9u879zqw39Y-00005-00000437-00000443": "CLOSED TEMPORARILY. >>> AS 2017 IS NEARING A CLOSE,", "9u879zqw39Y-00006-00000443-00000593": "CLOSED TEMPORARILY. >>> AS 2017 IS NEARING A CLOSE, THE CANDIDATES FOR NEXT YEAR'S", "9u879zqw39Y-00007-00000593-00000600": ">>> AS 2017 IS NEARING A CLOSE, THE CANDIDATES FOR NEXT YEAR'S", "9u879zqw39Y-00008-00000600-00000744": ">>> AS 2017 IS NEARING A CLOSE, THE CANDIDATES FOR NEXT YEAR'S MINNESOTA GOVERNOR'S RACE ARE", "9u879zqw39Y-00009-00000744-00000750": "THE CANDIDATES FOR NEXT YEAR'S MINNESOTA GOVERNOR'S RACE ARE", "9u879zqw39Y-00010-00000750-00000914": "THE CANDIDATES FOR NEXT YEAR'S MINNESOTA GOVERNOR'S RACE ARE BEGINNING TO TAKE FORM.", "9u879zqw39Y-00011-00000914-00000920": "MINNESOTA GOVERNOR'S RACE ARE BEGINNING TO TAKE FORM.", "9u879zqw39Y-00012-00000920-00001064": "MINNESOTA GOVERNOR'S RACE ARE BEGINNING TO TAKE FORM. CLAYTON CASTLE WAS IN BAXTER", "9u879zqw39Y-00013-00001064-00001071": "BEGINNING TO TAKE FORM. CLAYTON CASTLE WAS IN BAXTER", "9u879zqw39Y-00014-00001071-00001224": "BEGINNING TO TAKE FORM. CLAYTON CASTLE WAS IN BAXTER TODAY AS THE G.O.P. CANDIDATES", "9u879zqw39Y-00015-00001224-00001231": "CLAYTON CASTLE WAS IN BAXTER TODAY AS THE G.O.P. CANDIDATES", "9u879zqw39Y-00016-00001231-00001438": "CLAYTON CASTLE WAS IN BAXTER TODAY AS THE G.O.P. CANDIDATES PARTICIPATED IN A FORUM TO LAY", "9u879zqw39Y-00017-00001438-00001444": "TODAY AS THE G.O.P. CANDIDATES PARTICIPATED IN A FORUM TO LAY", "9u879zqw39Y-00018-00001444-00001855": "TODAY AS THE G.O.P. CANDIDATES PARTICIPATED IN A FORUM TO LAY OUT THEIR VISION FOR MINNESOTA.", "9u879zqw39Y-00019-00001855-00001861": "PARTICIPATED IN A FORUM TO LAY OUT THEIR VISION FOR MINNESOTA.", "9u879zqw39Y-00020-00001861-00002028": "PARTICIPATED IN A FORUM TO LAY OUT THEIR VISION FOR MINNESOTA. >> Reporter: WE'RE STILL 11", "9u879zqw39Y-00021-00002028-00002035": "OUT THEIR VISION FOR MINNESOTA. >> Reporter: WE'RE STILL 11", "9u879zqw39Y-00022-00002035-00002215": "OUT THEIR VISION FOR MINNESOTA. >> Reporter: WE'RE STILL 11 MONTHS AWAY FROM ELECTION DAY,", "9u879zqw39Y-00023-00002215-00002222": ">> Reporter: WE'RE STILL 11 MONTHS AWAY FROM ELECTION DAY,", "9u879zqw39Y-00024-00002222-00002412": ">> Reporter: WE'RE STILL 11 MONTHS AWAY FROM ELECTION DAY, BUT THE MINNESOTA GOVERNOR'S", "9u879zqw39Y-00025-00002412-00002419": "MONTHS AWAY FROM ELECTION DAY, BUT THE MINNESOTA GOVERNOR'S", "9u879zqw39Y-00026-00002419-00002605": "MONTHS AWAY FROM ELECTION DAY, BUT THE MINNESOTA GOVERNOR'S RACE FOUND ITS WAY TO BAXTER,", "9u879zqw39Y-00027-00002605-00002612": "BUT THE MINNESOTA GOVERNOR'S RACE FOUND ITS WAY TO BAXTER,", "9u879zqw39Y-00028-00002612-00002782": "BUT THE MINNESOTA GOVERNOR'S RACE FOUND ITS WAY TO BAXTER, WHERE THE CANDIDATES WERE ABLE", "9u879zqw39Y-00029-00002782-00002789": "RACE FOUND ITS WAY TO BAXTER, WHERE THE CANDIDATES WERE ABLE", "9u879zqw39Y-00030-00002789-00002926": "RACE FOUND ITS WAY TO BAXTER, WHERE THE CANDIDATES WERE ABLE TO INTRODUCE THEMSELVES AND", "9u879zqw39Y-00031-00002926-00002932": "WHERE THE CANDIDATES WERE ABLE TO INTRODUCE THEMSELVES AND", "9u879zqw39Y-00032-00002932-00003073": "WHERE THE CANDIDATES WERE ABLE TO INTRODUCE THEMSELVES AND EXPLAIN WHY THEY'RE BEST TO", "9u879zqw39Y-00033-00003073-00003079": "TO INTRODUCE THEMSELVES AND EXPLAIN WHY THEY'RE BEST TO", "9u879zqw39Y-00034-00003079-00003159": "TO INTRODUCE THEMSELVES AND EXPLAIN WHY THEY'RE BEST TO REPRESENT MINNESOTA BUT", "9u879zqw39Y-00035-00003159-00003166": "EXPLAIN WHY THEY'RE BEST TO REPRESENT MINNESOTA BUT", "9u879zqw39Y-00036-00003166-00003319": "EXPLAIN WHY THEY'RE BEST TO REPRESENT MINNESOTA BUT SPECIFICALLY THE BRAINERD AREA.", "9u879zqw39Y-00037-00003319-00003326": "REPRESENT MINNESOTA BUT SPECIFICALLY THE BRAINERD AREA.", "9u879zqw39Y-00038-00003326-00003490": "REPRESENT MINNESOTA BUT SPECIFICALLY THE BRAINERD AREA. >> BRAINERD IS SUCH AN IMPORTANT", "9u879zqw39Y-00039-00003490-00003496": "SPECIFICALLY THE BRAINERD AREA. >> BRAINERD IS SUCH AN IMPORTANT", "9u879zqw39Y-00040-00003496-00003656": "SPECIFICALLY THE BRAINERD AREA. >> BRAINERD IS SUCH AN IMPORTANT PLACE IN THE STATE OF MINNESOTA", "9u879zqw39Y-00041-00003656-00003663": ">> BRAINERD IS SUCH AN IMPORTANT PLACE IN THE STATE OF MINNESOTA", "9u879zqw39Y-00042-00003663-00003780": ">> BRAINERD IS SUCH AN IMPORTANT PLACE IN THE STATE OF MINNESOTA IT'S CENTRAL TO THE STATE OF", "9u879zqw39Y-00043-00003780-00003787": "PLACE IN THE STATE OF MINNESOTA IT'S CENTRAL TO THE STATE OF", "9u879zqw39Y-00044-00003787-00003933": "PLACE IN THE STATE OF MINNESOTA IT'S CENTRAL TO THE STATE OF MINNESOTA BUT IT ALSO BRINGS", "9u879zqw39Y-00045-00003933-00003940": "IT'S CENTRAL TO THE STATE OF MINNESOTA BUT IT ALSO BRINGS", "9u879zqw39Y-00046-00003940-00004164": "IT'S CENTRAL TO THE STATE OF MINNESOTA BUT IT ALSO BRINGS TOGETHER OUR ECONOMY, OUR", "9u879zqw39Y-00047-00004164-00004170": "MINNESOTA BUT IT ALSO BRINGS TOGETHER OUR ECONOMY, OUR", "9u879zqw39Y-00048-00004170-00004260": "MINNESOTA BUT IT ALSO BRINGS TOGETHER OUR ECONOMY, OUR RECREATION, ECONOMIC", "9u879zqw39Y-00049-00004260-00004267": "TOGETHER OUR ECONOMY, OUR RECREATION, ECONOMIC", "9u879zqw39Y-00050-00004267-00004320": "TOGETHER OUR ECONOMY, OUR RECREATION, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT.", "9u879zqw39Y-00051-00004320-00004327": "RECREATION, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT.", "9u879zqw39Y-00052-00004327-00004501": "RECREATION, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. SO IT'S REALLY A GREAT PLACE TO", "9u879zqw39Y-00053-00004501-00004507": "DEVELOPMENT. SO IT'S REALLY A GREAT PLACE TO", "9u879zqw39Y-00054-00004507-00004634": "DEVELOPMENT. SO IT'S REALLY A GREAT PLACE TO TALK ABOUT THE WHOLE STATE AND", "9u879zqw39Y-00055-00004634-00004641": "SO IT'S REALLY A GREAT PLACE TO TALK ABOUT THE WHOLE STATE AND", "9u879zqw39Y-00056-00004641-00004788": "SO IT'S REALLY A GREAT PLACE TO TALK ABOUT THE WHOLE STATE AND TO TALK ABOUT WHERE MINNESOTA IS", "9u879zqw39Y-00057-00004788-00004794": "TALK ABOUT THE WHOLE STATE AND TO TALK ABOUT WHERE MINNESOTA IS", "9u879zqw39Y-00058-00004794-00004878": "TALK ABOUT THE WHOLE STATE AND TO TALK ABOUT WHERE MINNESOTA IS HEADED.", "9u879zqw39Y-00059-00004878-00004884": "TO TALK ABOUT WHERE MINNESOTA IS HEADED.", "9u879zqw39Y-00060-00004884-00005088": "TO TALK ABOUT WHERE MINNESOTA IS HEADED. >> Reporter:  WOODBURY MAYOR,", "9u879zqw39Y-00061-00005088-00005095": "HEADED. >> Reporter:  WOODBURY MAYOR,", "9u879zqw39Y-00062-00005095-00005221": "HEADED. >> Reporter:  WOODBURY MAYOR, MARY GIULIANI USED THE WORD", "9u879zqw39Y-00063-00005221-00005228": ">> Reporter:  WOODBURY MAYOR, MARY GIULIANI USED THE WORD", "9u879zqw39Y-00064-00005228-00005348": ">> Reporter:  WOODBURY MAYOR, MARY GIULIANI USED THE WORD COMMUNITY TO EXPLAIN HOW", "9u879zqw39Y-00065-00005348-00005355": "MARY GIULIANI USED THE WORD COMMUNITY TO EXPLAIN HOW", "9u879zqw39Y-00066-00005355-00005505": "MARY GIULIANI USED THE WORD COMMUNITY TO EXPLAIN HOW BRAINERD RELATES TO OTHER AREAS", "9u879zqw39Y-00067-00005505-00005512": "COMMUNITY TO EXPLAIN HOW BRAINERD RELATES TO OTHER AREAS", "9u879zqw39Y-00068-00005512-00005585": "COMMUNITY TO EXPLAIN HOW BRAINERD RELATES TO OTHER AREAS IN THE STATE.", "9u879zqw39Y-00069-00005585-00005592": "BRAINERD RELATES TO OTHER AREAS IN THE STATE.", "9u879zqw39Y-00070-00005592-00005729": "BRAINERD RELATES TO OTHER AREAS IN THE STATE. >> THESE COMMUNITIES WANT THE", "9u879zqw39Y-00071-00005729-00005735": "IN THE STATE. >> THESE COMMUNITIES WANT THE", "9u879zqw39Y-00072-00005735-00005895": "IN THE STATE. >> THESE COMMUNITIES WANT THE SAME THING WE WANT EVERYWHERE.", "9u879zqw39Y-00073-00005895-00005902": ">> THESE COMMUNITIES WANT THE SAME THING WE WANT EVERYWHERE.", "9u879zqw39Y-00074-00005902-00006069": ">> THESE COMMUNITIES WANT THE SAME THING WE WANT EVERYWHERE. THEY WANT SAFE COMMUNITIES, GOOD", "9u879zqw39Y-00075-00006069-00006076": "SAME THING WE WANT EVERYWHERE. THEY WANT SAFE COMMUNITIES, GOOD", "9u879zqw39Y-00076-00006076-00006246": "SAME THING WE WANT EVERYWHERE. THEY WANT SAFE COMMUNITIES, GOOD SCHOOLS, GOOD JOBS AND A GROWING", "9u879zqw39Y-00077-00006246-00006252": "THEY WANT SAFE COMMUNITIES, GOOD SCHOOLS, GOOD JOBS AND A GROWING", "9u879zqw39Y-00078-00006252-00006376": "THEY WANT SAFE COMMUNITIES, GOOD SCHOOLS, GOOD JOBS AND A GROWING ECONOMY WHERE PEOPLE WANT TO", "9u879zqw39Y-00079-00006376-00006383": "SCHOOLS, GOOD JOBS AND A GROWING ECONOMY WHERE PEOPLE WANT TO", "9u879zqw39Y-00080-00006383-00006483": "SCHOOLS, GOOD JOBS AND A GROWING ECONOMY WHERE PEOPLE WANT TO LIVE AND WORK.", "9u879zqw39Y-00081-00006483-00006489": "ECONOMY WHERE PEOPLE WANT TO LIVE AND WORK.", "9u879zqw39Y-00082-00006489-00006623": "ECONOMY WHERE PEOPLE WANT TO LIVE AND WORK. >> Reporter:  PHILLIP PARRISH, A", "9u879zqw39Y-00083-00006623-00006629": "LIVE AND WORK. >> Reporter:  PHILLIP PARRISH, A", "9u879zqw39Y-00084-00006629-00006823": "LIVE AND WORK. >> Reporter:  PHILLIP PARRISH, A TEACHER AND PRINCIPAL SAY ALL", "9u879zqw39Y-00085-00006823-00006830": ">> Reporter:  PHILLIP PARRISH, A TEACHER AND PRINCIPAL SAY ALL", "9u879zqw39Y-00086-00006830-00007060": ">> Reporter:  PHILLIP PARRISH, A TEACHER AND PRINCIPAL SAY ALL MINNESOTANS ARE THE SAME AND HIS", "9u879zqw39Y-00087-00007060-00007067": "TEACHER AND PRINCIPAL SAY ALL MINNESOTANS ARE THE SAME AND HIS", "9u879zqw39Y-00088-00007067-00007227": "TEACHER AND PRINCIPAL SAY ALL MINNESOTANS ARE THE SAME AND HIS PARTY'S VALUES WILL WORK FOR", "9u879zqw39Y-00089-00007227-00007233": "MINNESOTANS ARE THE SAME AND HIS PARTY'S VALUES WILL WORK FOR", "9u879zqw39Y-00090-00007233-00007343": "MINNESOTANS ARE THE SAME AND HIS PARTY'S VALUES WILL WORK FOR EVERYONE, NOT JUST THOSE IN THE", "9u879zqw39Y-00091-00007343-00007350": "PARTY'S VALUES WILL WORK FOR EVERYONE, NOT JUST THOSE IN THE", "9u879zqw39Y-00092-00007350-00007437": "PARTY'S VALUES WILL WORK FOR EVERYONE, NOT JUST THOSE IN THE TWIN CITIES.", "9u879zqw39Y-00093-00007437-00007444": "EVERYONE, NOT JUST THOSE IN THE TWIN CITIES.", "9u879zqw39Y-00094-00007444-00007764": "EVERYONE, NOT JUST THOSE IN THE TWIN CITIES. >> ALL MINNESOTANS, WHY ARE WE", "9u879zqw39Y-00095-00007764-00007770": "TWIN CITIES. >> ALL MINNESOTANS, WHY ARE WE", "9u879zqw39Y-00096-00007770-00007901": "TWIN CITIES. >> ALL MINNESOTANS, WHY ARE WE HAVING THE GOVERNMENT PICK", "9u879zqw39Y-00097-00007901-00007907": ">> ALL MINNESOTANS, WHY ARE WE HAVING THE GOVERNMENT PICK", "9u879zqw39Y-00098-00007907-00008161": ">> ALL MINNESOTANS, WHY ARE WE HAVING THE GOVERNMENT PICK WINNERS OR LOSERS, WHY HAVE THE", "9u879zqw39Y-00099-00008161-00008168": "HAVING THE GOVERNMENT PICK WINNERS OR LOSERS, WHY HAVE THE", "9u879zqw39Y-00100-00008168-00008435": "HAVING THE GOVERNMENT PICK WINNERS OR LOSERS, WHY HAVE THE GOVERNMENT TO PICK A LEG UP.", "9u879zqw39Y-00101-00008435-00008441": "WINNERS OR LOSERS, WHY HAVE THE GOVERNMENT TO PICK A LEG UP.", "9u879zqw39Y-00102-00008441-00008585": "WINNERS OR LOSERS, WHY HAVE THE GOVERNMENT TO PICK A LEG UP. IT DOESN'T MAKE SENSE.", "9u879zqw39Y-00103-00008585-00008591": "GOVERNMENT TO PICK A LEG UP. IT DOESN'T MAKE SENSE.", "9u879zqw39Y-00104-00008591-00008671": "GOVERNMENT TO PICK A LEG UP. IT DOESN'T MAKE SENSE. >> Reporter:  SAME GOES FOR", "9u879zqw39Y-00105-00008671-00008678": "IT DOESN'T MAKE SENSE. >> Reporter:  SAME GOES FOR", "9u879zqw39Y-00106-00008678-00008732": "IT DOESN'T MAKE SENSE. >> Reporter:  SAME GOES FOR KEITH DOWNEY.", "9u879zqw39Y-00107-00008732-00008738": ">> Reporter:  SAME GOES FOR KEITH DOWNEY.", "9u879zqw39Y-00108-00008738-00008908": ">> Reporter:  SAME GOES FOR KEITH DOWNEY. >> THE PREMISE OF MY CAMPAIGN IS", "9u879zqw39Y-00109-00008908-00008915": "KEITH DOWNEY. >> THE PREMISE OF MY CAMPAIGN IS", "9u879zqw39Y-00110-00008915-00009069": "KEITH DOWNEY. >> THE PREMISE OF MY CAMPAIGN IS WE NEED TO MAKE MINNESOTA WORK", "9u879zqw39Y-00111-00009069-00009075": ">> THE PREMISE OF MY CAMPAIGN IS WE NEED TO MAKE MINNESOTA WORK", "9u879zqw39Y-00112-00009075-00009145": ">> THE PREMISE OF MY CAMPAIGN IS WE NEED TO MAKE MINNESOTA WORK FOR EVERYONE, EVERYONE.", "9u879zqw39Y-00113-00009145-00009152": "WE NEED TO MAKE MINNESOTA WORK FOR EVERYONE, EVERYONE.", "9u879zqw39Y-00114-00009152-00009335": "WE NEED TO MAKE MINNESOTA WORK FOR EVERYONE, EVERYONE. THAT INCLUDES THE PEOPLE HERE IN", "9u879zqw39Y-00115-00009335-00009342": "FOR EVERYONE, EVERYONE. THAT INCLUDES THE PEOPLE HERE IN", "9u879zqw39Y-00116-00009342-00009519": "FOR EVERYONE, EVERYONE. THAT INCLUDES THE PEOPLE HERE IN BRAINERD, IT INCLUDES PEOPLE IN", "9u879zqw39Y-00117-00009519-00009526": "THAT INCLUDES THE PEOPLE HERE IN BRAINERD, IT INCLUDES PEOPLE IN", "9u879zqw39Y-00118-00009526-00009629": "THAT INCLUDES THE PEOPLE HERE IN BRAINERD, IT INCLUDES PEOPLE IN THE METRO.", "9u879zqw39Y-00119-00009629-00009636": "BRAINERD, IT INCLUDES PEOPLE IN THE METRO.", "9u879zqw39Y-00120-00009636-00009773": "BRAINERD, IT INCLUDES PEOPLE IN THE METRO. >> Reporter:  THE CANDIDATES", "9u879zqw39Y-00121-00009773-00009779": "THE METRO. >> Reporter:  THE CANDIDATES", "9u879zqw39Y-00122-00009779-00009929": "THE METRO. >> Reporter:  THE CANDIDATES DIDN'T STRAY AWAY FROM THE REAL", "9u879zqw39Y-00123-00009929-00009936": ">> Reporter:  THE CANDIDATES DIDN'T STRAY AWAY FROM THE REAL", "9u879zqw39Y-00124-00009936-00009989": ">> Reporter:  THE CANDIDATES DIDN'T STRAY AWAY FROM THE REAL ISSUES.", "9u879zqw39Y-00125-00009989-00009996": "DIDN'T STRAY AWAY FROM THE REAL ISSUES.", "9u879zqw39Y-00126-00009996-00010296": "DIDN'T STRAY AWAY FROM THE REAL ISSUES. WHILE LANDING A FEW PUNCHES ON", "9u879zqw39Y-00127-00010296-00010303": "ISSUES. WHILE LANDING A FEW PUNCHES ON", "9u879zqw39Y-00128-00010303-00010557": "ISSUES. WHILE LANDING A FEW PUNCHES ON THE DEVIL PARTY, THEY STRESSED A", "9u879zqw39Y-00129-00010557-00010563": "WHILE LANDING A FEW PUNCHES ON THE DEVIL PARTY, THEY STRESSED A", "9u879zqw39Y-00130-00010563-00010690": "WHILE LANDING A FEW PUNCHES ON THE DEVIL PARTY, THEY STRESSED A NEED FOR COMPROMISE.", "9u879zqw39Y-00131-00010690-00010697": "THE DEVIL PARTY, THEY STRESSED A NEED FOR COMPROMISE.", "9u879zqw39Y-00132-00010697-00010804": "THE DEVIL PARTY, THEY STRESSED A NEED FOR COMPROMISE. >> COMPROMISE ISN'T NECESSARILY", "9u879zqw39Y-00133-00010804-00010810": "NEED FOR COMPROMISE. >> COMPROMISE ISN'T NECESSARILY", "9u879zqw39Y-00134-00010810-00010924": "NEED FOR COMPROMISE. >> COMPROMISE ISN'T NECESSARILY A BAD WORD.", "9u879zqw39Y-00135-00010924-00010930": ">> COMPROMISE ISN'T NECESSARILY A BAD WORD.", "9u879zqw39Y-00136-00010930-00011167": ">> COMPROMISE ISN'T NECESSARILY A BAD WORD. I WAS ONCE A LEADER IN GETTING", "9u879zqw39Y-00137-00011167-00011174": "A BAD WORD. I WAS ONCE A LEADER IN GETTING", "9u879zqw39Y-00138-00011174-00011564": "A BAD WORD. I WAS ONCE A LEADER IN GETTING BIPARTISAN SUPPORT OF REPEALING", "9u879zqw39Y-00139-00011564-00011571": "I WAS ONCE A LEADER IN GETTING BIPARTISAN SUPPORT OF REPEALING", "9u879zqw39Y-00140-00011571-00011718": "I WAS ONCE A LEADER IN GETTING BIPARTISAN SUPPORT OF REPEALING THE -- FAILED LAW IN THE", "9u879zqw39Y-00141-00011718-00011725": "BIPARTISAN SUPPORT OF REPEALING THE -- FAILED LAW IN THE", "9u879zqw39Y-00142-00011725-00011765": "BIPARTISAN SUPPORT OF REPEALING THE -- FAILED LAW IN THE MINNESOTA.", "9u879zqw39Y-00143-00011765-00011771": "THE -- FAILED LAW IN THE MINNESOTA.", "9u879zqw39Y-00144-00011771-00011948": "THE -- FAILED LAW IN THE MINNESOTA. >> Reporter:  THE FORUM WAS TO", "9u879zqw39Y-00145-00011948-00011955": "MINNESOTA. >> Reporter:  THE FORUM WAS TO", "9u879zqw39Y-00146-00011955-00012135": "MINNESOTA. >> Reporter:  THE FORUM WAS TO DISCUSS THE G.O.P. VALUES IN", "9u879zqw39Y-00147-00012135-00012142": ">> Reporter:  THE FORUM WAS TO DISCUSS THE G.O.P. VALUES IN", "9u879zqw39Y-00148-00012142-00012262": ">> Reporter:  THE FORUM WAS TO DISCUSS THE G.O.P. VALUES IN MINNESOTA WHILE ALSO BRINGING IN", "9u879zqw39Y-00149-00012262-00012268": "DISCUSS THE G.O.P. VALUES IN MINNESOTA WHILE ALSO BRINGING IN", "9u879zqw39Y-00150-00012268-00012499": "DISCUSS THE G.O.P. VALUES IN MINNESOTA WHILE ALSO BRINGING IN NEW IDEAS FROM EACH INDIVIDUAL", "9u879zqw39Y-00151-00012499-00012505": "MINNESOTA WHILE ALSO BRINGING IN NEW IDEAS FROM EACH INDIVIDUAL", "9u879zqw39Y-00152-00012505-00012582": "MINNESOTA WHILE ALSO BRINGING IN NEW IDEAS FROM EACH INDIVIDUAL CANDIDATE.", "9u879zqw39Y-00153-00012582-00012589": "NEW IDEAS FROM EACH INDIVIDUAL CANDIDATE.", "9u879zqw39Y-00154-00012589-00012736": "NEW IDEAS FROM EACH INDIVIDUAL CANDIDATE. >> I'M RUNNING FOR A REALLY", "9u879zqw39Y-00155-00012736-00012742": "CANDIDATE. >> I'M RUNNING FOR A REALLY", "9u879zqw39Y-00156-00012742-00012789": "CANDIDATE. >> I'M RUNNING FOR A REALLY SIMPLE REASON.", "9u879zqw39Y-00157-00012789-00012796": ">> I'M RUNNING FOR A REALLY SIMPLE REASON.", "9u879zqw39Y-00158-00012796-00012919": ">> I'M RUNNING FOR A REALLY SIMPLE REASON. TO TAKE POWER AWAY FROM", "9u879zqw39Y-00159-00012919-00012926": "SIMPLE REASON. TO TAKE POWER AWAY FROM", "9u879zqw39Y-00160-00012926-00013063": "SIMPLE REASON. TO TAKE POWER AWAY FROM GOVERNMENT AND TO GIVE IT BACK", "9u879zqw39Y-00161-00013063-00013069": "TO TAKE POWER AWAY FROM GOVERNMENT AND TO GIVE IT BACK", "9u879zqw39Y-00162-00013069-00013179": "TO TAKE POWER AWAY FROM GOVERNMENT AND TO GIVE IT BACK TO THE PEOPLE OF MINNESOTA.", "9u879zqw39Y-00163-00013179-00013186": "GOVERNMENT AND TO GIVE IT BACK TO THE PEOPLE OF MINNESOTA.", "9u879zqw39Y-00164-00013186-00013490": "GOVERNMENT AND TO GIVE IT BACK TO THE PEOPLE OF MINNESOTA. >> Reporter:  THE BRAINERD", "9u879zqw39Y-00165-00013490-00013496": "TO THE PEOPLE OF MINNESOTA. >> Reporter:  THE BRAINERD", "9u879zqw39Y-00166-00013496-00013757": "TO THE PEOPLE OF MINNESOTA. >> Reporter:  THE BRAINERD CHAMBER OF COMMERCE PLANNED A", "9u879zqw39Y-00167-00013757-00013763": ">> Reporter:  THE BRAINERD CHAMBER OF COMMERCE PLANNED A", "9u879zqw39Y-00168-00013763-00014043": ">> Reporter:  THE BRAINERD CHAMBER OF COMMERCE PLANNED A PARTY FOR G.O.P. SOMETIME", "9u879zqw39Y-00169-00014043-00014050": "CHAMBER OF COMMERCE PLANNED A PARTY FOR G.O.P. SOMETIME", "9u879zqw39Y-00170-00014050-00014140": "CHAMBER OF COMMERCE PLANNED A PARTY FOR G.O.P. SOMETIME IN 2018.", "9u879zqw39Y-00171-00014140-00014147": "PARTY FOR G.O.P. SOMETIME IN 2018.", "9u879zqw39Y-00172-00014147-00014374": "PARTY FOR G.O.P. SOMETIME IN 2018. REPORTING IN BAXTER, CLAYTON", "9u879zqw39Y-00173-00014374-00014381": "IN 2018. REPORTING IN BAXTER, CLAYTON", "9u879zqw39Y-00174-00014381-00014444": "IN 2018. REPORTING IN BAXTER, CLAYTON CASTLE, LAKELAND NEWS."}}, {"audio_id": "9ujLmrw9Oby", "text": {"9ujLmrw9Oby-00000-00000000-00000890": "[AUDIENCE] A question from the community: SegWit versus Bitcoin Unlimited. What is your opinion on it?", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00001-00000890-00002018": "[ANDREAS] This is kind of a really difficult,  but at the same time fairly easy, question.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00002-00002018-00002604": "I am in favor of activating SegWit now. [Applause]", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00003-00002604-00003240": "The reason for that, and don't applaud... [Laughter] Form your own damn opinion.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00004-00003240-00004004": "I am no more the authority you should listen to than anyone else; this is not a belief system where I say:", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00005-00004004-00005054": "\"FC Barcelona!\" and you [shout], \"Yeeeaah!!\" Make up your own mind. I'll tell you why I think it's true.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00006-00005054-00005616": "I think SegWit should be activated now because it solves a number of different problems.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00007-00005616-00005942": "Its the best-tested solution that exists.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00008-00005942-00007004": "I will make a disclosure: I used to think bigger blocks would be better, about two years ago.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00009-00007004-00007859": "I ran Bitcoin Classic, XT, and Unlimited to evaluate them; not because I thought we should hard fork to those,", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00010-00007859-00008220": "but to evaluate the software and understand how it works.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00011-00008220-00009314": "If the choice was SegWit versus Classic, I might say, '[In a year], we could also do [a block size increase].'", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00012-00009314-00010322": "The problem with Unlimited, in my opinion, is that it doesn't change the rules, it sets the rulers...", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00013-00010322-00010556": "who then get to change the rules.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00014-00010556-00011202": "That is a very dangerous thing to do in Bitcoin, especially if it is done as a contentious hard fork.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00015-00011202-00011640": "I think Bitcoin Unlimited is a completely  untested system of consensus.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00016-00011640-00012242": "If somebody wants to test that with 51%, it [will] be an interesting experiment.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00017-00012242-00012516": "Bitcoin is going to get attacked eventually.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00018-00012516-00012858": "Maybe it is better if it gets attacked  sooner, rather than later.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00019-00012858-00013612": "If you hold bitcoin as an investment, this will be painful.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00020-00013612-00014368": "Hard-forking Bitcoin, with a low percentage [of the hashrate] and without very broad consensus,", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00021-00014368-00014524": "will damage Bitcoin.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00022-00014524-00015469": "We will end up with two chains that survive, and the sum of their value will be less than [with just one].", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00023-00015469-00015918": "I think that's a very bad idea, [but] not my choice [alone].", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00024-00015918-00017144": "Here is something I can tell you: bitcoin as a currency, as a means of exchange, for getting paid in my job,", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00025-00017144-00017892": "works at $200, at $2,000 dollars, and at $20.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00026-00017892-00018184": "It doesn't change for me.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00027-00018184-00018888": "Bitcoin as a stable store of value, however, doesn't work with a hard fork. It depends on what you use it for.", "9ujLmrw9Oby-00028-00018888-00019400": "There is probably a broader discussion to be had there."}}, {"audio_id": "9uuzSj5wrqg", "text": {"9uuzSj5wrqg-00000-00000000-00000200": "TECH NEWS"}}, {"audio_id": "9uxRMMREsZo", "text": {"9uxRMMREsZo-00000-00000533-00000750": "Hi welcome to my channel.", "9uxRMMREsZo-00001-00000750-00000977": "It's an absolute pleasure to have you here.", "9uxRMMREsZo-00002-00000977-00001445": "My name is Felipe Rego and I am a data science and analytics partner.", "9uxRMMREsZo-00003-00001445-00002167": "I help teams build, manage and enhance their data science, analytics and data visualisation", "9uxRMMREsZo-00004-00002167-00002299": "capabilities.", "9uxRMMREsZo-00005-00002299-00002889": "I spend a big chunk of my time helping teams and organisations leverage the power and the", "9uxRMMREsZo-00006-00002889-00003604": "abundance of data so they can increase their revenues, reduce their costs or just simply improve their", "9uxRMMREsZo-00007-00003604-00003715": "overall efficiencies.", "9uxRMMREsZo-00008-00003715-00004425": "But I am also really passionate about helping teams and individuals with that same knowledge", "9uxRMMREsZo-00009-00004425-00004587": "I use to help clients.", "9uxRMMREsZo-00010-00004587-00005121": "So I often spend my time in classrooms or online settings these days where I deliver", "9uxRMMREsZo-00011-00005121-00005543": "a variety of training programs and workshops in the analytics space.", "9uxRMMREsZo-00012-00005543-00006094": "So in this channel, you'll find a lot of ideas relating to my consulting work experience", "9uxRMMREsZo-00013-00006094-00006586": "as well as tips and tricks that I share with students in classrooms and in my training", "9uxRMMREsZo-00014-00006586-00006697": "programs.", "9uxRMMREsZo-00015-00006697-00007278": "Topics range from just simply data infrastructure, data wrangling techniques , how to perform", "9uxRMMREsZo-00016-00007278-00007894": "exploratory data analysis, what is machine learning and AI, data visualisation, narratives", "9uxRMMREsZo-00017-00007894-00008159": "and storytelling, and many others.", "9uxRMMREsZo-00018-00008159-00008608": "So my hope is that every time you get back here, you can get value from the content that", "9uxRMMREsZo-00019-00008608-00009367": "I provide you so you can help your boss, your team or yourself in enhancing analytical capabilities.", "9uxRMMREsZo-00020-00009367-00009798": "So welcome again, make sure you subscribe and come back often to check up on some of", "9uxRMMREsZo-00021-00009798-00009992": "the new videos I'll be posting here.", "9uxRMMREsZo-00022-00009992-00010022": "Bye for now."}}, {"audio_id": "9uzgIK2hcPu", "text": {"9uzgIK2hcPu-00000-00000056-00000256": "Um.....Um....", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00001-00000306-00000409": "No.3...!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00002-00000454-00000706": "[What's she?? so cute lol]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00003-00000706-00000796": "Human...!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00004-00000832-00001114": "(She is so cute lol) (Human lololol)", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00005-00001170-00001398": "Huhh... There is a helmet here!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00006-00001446-00001682": "She pronounced it Hermetto!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00007-00001682-00001882": "Is it right..? Is that right..??", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00008-00001882-00002005": "Is she really Japanese? lolol", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00009-00002005-00002166": "[Can you hide it? lol]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00010-00002282-00002444": "Please Like and Subscribe", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00011-00002916-00003324": "Notification too!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00012-00003446-00004064": "(Today's mission!) If don't find out that she's Korean until survive 40 people,she'll get 500 balloons", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00013-00004064-00004194": "Hello~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00014-00004194-00004274": "Hi~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00015-00004274-00004398": "Konbangwa~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00016-00004398-00004534": "Sayonara!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00017-00004534-00004636": "Konbangwa~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00018-00004636-00004754": "Hello~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00019-00004754-00004872": "What's mean Konbangwa?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00020-00004904-00005062": "That's Japanese x2!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00021-00005176-00005318": "(What's Konbangwa?)", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00022-00005318-00005438": "This is a greeting for dinner!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00023-00005438-00005576": "You're stupid.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00024-00005686-00005784": "What?!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00025-00005818-00005890": "Stupid.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00026-00005934-00006056": "Don't tell me.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00027-00006332-00006531": "Where shall we go?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00028-00006923-00007084": "Here!! Go!!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00029-00007228-00007408": "Is this the steam server..?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00030-00007408-00007608": "[Kakao;]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00031-00007656-00007795": "You...you know?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00032-00007898-00008042": "Isn't this Kakao Server?!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00033-00008042-00008178": "[Foreigner in kakao server ? lol]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00034-00008178-00008398": "[Foreigner in kakao server ? lol] I am not sure because I did not learn Japanese.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00035-00008410-00008656": "My second language was Japanese!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00036-00008676-00008858": "Me too!! x2", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00037-00008914-00009150": "I look forward to working with you!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00038-00009150-00009336": "You speak Japanese well!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00039-00009364-00009550": "Can you speak Japanese?!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00040-00009566-00009728": "lolololol", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00041-00009858-00010020": "Excuse me...? lol", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00042-00010256-00010630": "[The beginning began without doubt~]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00043-00010630-00010744": "It's okay~ x2", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00044-00010906-00011018": "Thank you!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00045-00011028-00011402": "[All the Japanese she knows comes out. lol]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00046-00011402-00011560": "(You're being obvious!. -0-)", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00047-00011560-00011898": "It's not obvious!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00048-00011898-00012140": "There is nothing to eat. Why do they come here?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00049-00012140-00012404": "I think we're all gonna die before 40 people left.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00050-00012428-00012684": "The enemy is following No.2!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00051-00013124-00013419": "[She didn't bring a bullet. lol]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00052-00013710-00013910": "I'm scared..", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00053-00014128-00014328": "Oppa!! In front of me!! x2", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00054-00014500-00014700": "I thought she was Oppa. lol", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00055-00014700-00014790": "[Reliable]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00056-00014844-00015002": "There's an enemy in the back too!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00057-00015424-00015624": "[Suddenly, English? lol]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00058-00015891-00015980": "Second floor here!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00059-00016096-00016296": "Oppa, Did you kill the enemy behind you?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00060-00016296-00016380": "Yes i did! the saiga!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00061-00016434-00016630": "Are you okay?!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00062-00016638-00016814": "yes.. I killed them all...", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00063-00016814-00016944": "[The man has an inkling. lol]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00064-00016944-00017158": "[The man has an inkling. lol] Is no. 2 Japanese?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00065-00017166-00017430": "Are you Japanese?..", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00066-00017430-00017646": "Yes! I am Japanese!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00067-00017672-00018034": "[The woman is being deceived. lol]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00068-00018044-00018264": "Um....Um......", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00069-00018264-00018406": "No. 3!!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00070-00018418-00018644": "[What's she?? so cute lol]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00071-00018668-00018820": "Human...!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00072-00018826-00019212": "(She wants to say, \"I'm no. 3\")", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00073-00019220-00019350": "(She is so cute lol) (Human lololol)", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00074-00019350-00019552": "(She is so cute lol) (Human lololol) she said human lol is it real...? lolol", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00075-00019586-00019714": "There is a helmet here!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00076-00019714-00019832": "This....tht......th....", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00077-00019862-00019924": "Ah;;", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00078-00019968-00020048": "Helmet! x2", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00079-00020156-00020340": "No! Anyway!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00080-00020340-00020526": "She doesn't know!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00081-00020564-00020726": "[Kind No. 3!!] Of course she knows the helmet.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00082-00020796-00021078": "(Say \"Hermetto\"!)", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00083-00021226-00021426": "Huhh... There is a hernmetto here!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00084-00021534-00021718": "She pronounced it Hermetto!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00085-00021718-00021866": "Is it right..? Is that right..??", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00086-00021866-00022058": "Is she really Japanese? lolol", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00087-00022058-00022326": "[Everyone is getting wind of it. lol]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00088-00022420-00022562": "(There are still other enemies left.)", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00089-00022562-00022688": "(There are still other enemies left.) Where ???", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00090-00022836-00022924": "Second floor???", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00091-00023314-00023450": "There's an enemy over there too!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00092-00023586-00023682": "I'm not dead yet.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00093-00024200-00024530": "[Is this right side angle?!]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00094-00024726-00024850": "That's okay!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00095-00024850-00024966": "Thank you!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00096-00025128-00025328": "Nikonikoni~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00097-00025362-00025776": "(I am ashamed instead of you;) (that's too far away;;)", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00098-00025872-00026124": "[Ashamed;;]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00099-00026894-00027094": "The enemy is really after only me?!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00100-00027320-00027520": "[an angry flare gun lol]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00101-00027714-00027822": "Die! -I'll go!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00102-00028833-00028922": "Where??", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00103-00029377-00029472": "Oh!! No. 1!!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00104-00029798-00030188": "[Complete super save~!] Nice~~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00105-00030188-00030295": "Thank you!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00106-00030295-00030494": "Mr. No2?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00107-00030620-00030788": "Why are you so shy?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00108-00030850-00031132": "I don't know what to say to her.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00109-00031132-00031252": "(Full voice Off) Me too!!!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00110-00031280-00031502": "(This combination is interesting. lol) (Me too lol)", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00111-00031502-00031894": "(Complete foreigner mission!)", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00112-00031916-00032292": "[Success to pretend not to be Korean!!] Thank you for 500 balloons~~!!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00113-00032327-00032664": "What should i do with this situation? lolol", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00114-00032689-00032886": "Oppa, Do you need a tactical stock?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00115-00032886-00032990": "No.. i have!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00116-00032990-00033142": "Does anyone need a tactical stock?!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00117-00033164-00033268": "It's me!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00118-00033388-00033500": "What!!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00119-00033500-00033612": "Are you Korean, right?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00120-00033750-00033928": "No .2!! Are you Korean, right?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00121-00033928-00034108": "Please give me a tactical stock!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00122-00034108-00034308": "[Suddenly, blind end drama;] Doesn't she look like Korean?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00123-00034324-00034508": "[But she is not sure. lolol] Please give me a tactical stock!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00124-00034532-00034628": "She's suspicious!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00125-00034628-00034752": "Come here No. 2!!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00126-00034792-00034896": "Yes!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00127-00035442-00035642": "Isn't tactical stock Korean?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00128-00035642-00035770": "Isn't English?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00129-00035816-00036228": "[Do you know Gae Moari Pan?]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00130-00036274-00036614": "(Ask her for a medi-kit!)", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00131-00036692-00036792": "Unni!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00132-00036792-00036868": "Uh?!!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00133-00036868-00037056": "Please give me a medi-kit!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00134-00037078-00037228": "(How can she ask her this? lol)", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00135-00037228-00037312": "Medi-kit??", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00136-00037478-00037578": "Here!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00137-00037818-00038018": "Thank you x2~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00138-00038078-00038234": "Oppa! Do you have any drinks??", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00139-00038234-00038320": "yes i have!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00140-00038458-00038602": "(But... Isn't this server Kakao?)", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00141-00038602-00038708": "Right...This server is Kakao lol!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00142-00038878-00039078": "I think she's being confused!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00143-00039094-00039454": "The man knows. but woman's so innocent. lol", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00144-00039454-00039634": "So I don't think she knows...lolol", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00145-00039640-00039954": "But in the Charlie, we all survived. right?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00146-00039980-00040128": "Magnetic....", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00147-00040254-00040368": "Eh..... Okay!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00148-00040482-00040760": "Magnetic.... GoGo!!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00149-00040760-00040892": "Let's go~~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00150-00040894-00041120": "I think her sentence is a little short!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00151-00041120-00041356": "[How did you know? lolol]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00152-00041356-00041572": "She's saying it briefly because she thinks we don't understand~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00153-00041572-00041768": "[The man is covering for girlbbo lol]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00154-00041768-00042056": "she thinks we wouldn't understand her if she talked long lol", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00155-00042056-00042298": "(She is real Korean.)", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00156-00043024-00043224": "No. 3, 4....", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00157-00043224-00043360": "Are you a couple?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00158-00043360-00043448": "Yes!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00159-00043466-00043558": "Yeah..x2", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00160-00043588-00043694": "We are a couple!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00161-00043694-00043964": "[Couple is uncomfortable!! lol]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00162-00043964-00044222": "Just because it ends with \"da\" doesn't mean Japanese!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00163-00044700-00044900": "It's difficult...", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00164-00044900-00045104": "How can I get there..?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00165-00045132-00045266": "There is an enemy 55 direction!!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00166-00045266-00045406": "The enemy is entering the house.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00167-00045860-00046060": "I don't think so.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00168-00046060-00046198": "I think we should hit No.2 ping.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00169-00046216-00046390": "I don't think we can make it to the right except No 2. ping!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00170-00046390-00046504": "What!!!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00171-00046504-00046678": "Korean!!!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00172-00046678-00047020": "[The innocent no. 3 who was really fooled. lol] Let's throw a grenade and go in with!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00173-00047020-00047160": "I threw another grenade.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00174-00047160-00047244": "Oh he died!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00175-00047244-00047350": "In house! x2", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00176-00047406-00047606": "He ran outside.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00177-00047606-00047806": "He's running down the street.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00178-00047836-00047932": "First, I'll save him!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00179-00048646-00048846": "[Super save complete~!] Nice~ Thank you~~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00180-00048850-00049026": "[Super save complete~!] We're so lucky to be in the circle.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00181-00049026-00049208": "I think we should throw a smoke bomb.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00182-00049472-00049672": "I feel like I've been tricked...", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00183-00049806-00050072": "She is a Japanese who speaks Korean well....", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00184-00050072-00050218": "I'm good at Korean!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00185-00050218-00050370": "No, she is Korean.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00186-00050440-00050778": "She speaks Korean when she is in a hurry, so she is Korean....", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00187-00050812-00051012": "Which Japanese would speak Korean  when they were in a hurry?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00188-00051012-00051148": "Oh~ smart!!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00189-00051148-00051510": "She's a little bit like Girlbbo's voice!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00190-00051538-00051736": "[You know me?!] What??", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00191-00051736-00051996": "How did you know me..?!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00192-00052078-00052255": "Ah She is Girlbbo!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00193-00052278-00052341": "What?!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00194-00052341-00052514": "Oh, you have a cat. -Yes! Nice to meet you!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00195-00052514-00052628": "What???!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00196-00052628-00052798": "[Reaction rich lolol] Is she girlbbo???", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00197-00052822-00053022": "Nice to meet you~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00198-00053090-00053422": "[All three were subscribers~!] Thanks to all of you, I succeeded in my mission.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00199-00053422-00053564": "Is she a real Girlbbo?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00200-00053564-00053729": "Everyone, we have to eat chicken!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00201-00053729-00053844": "There's only 5 people left.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00202-00053850-00054186": "I was watching Girlbbo video until this morning!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00203-00054217-00054358": "[Thank you~] It's amazing!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00204-00054358-00054534": "What should i do.. I'm so nervous that I can't do it.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00205-00054538-00054770": "(If you keep doing that, she'll become a diva....)", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00206-00054770-00054941": "Shall we go left a little?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00207-00055054-00055254": "Okay! -Left??", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00208-00055314-00055536": "I think one of us can stay at home.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00209-00055634-00055814": "They're fighting.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00210-00055958-00056182": "Magnetic field is good! All I have to do is wait.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00211-00056190-00056390": "Is there an enemy up there? I think it's down there too.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00212-00056444-00056662": "That's right. I don't think we should go up any further.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00213-00056712-00056894": "Sound in front of me!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00214-00056986-00057186": "Sound in front of me! I won't shoot.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00215-00058041-00058150": "Faint one!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00216-00058150-00058229": "Slowly~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00217-00058440-00058640": "I think we only have to kill the enemies that come.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00218-00058894-00059078": "Nice~~ -What??", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00219-00059078-00059416": "[There's only one left!!]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00220-00059696-00059876": "Last one!", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00221-00059876-00059972": "It's up here.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00222-00060478-00060888": "[All survived chicken~!]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00223-00060946-00061048": "0 Kill chicken~~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00224-00061048-00061205": "It felt good.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00225-00061205-00061400": "Thank you, everyone.", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00226-00061482-00061900": "[Thank you for joining us!]", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00227-00062379-00062446": "That's so awesome", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00228-00062470-00062596": "ahah Can you hear me?", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00229-00063252-00063452": "Thank you~~", "9uzgIK2hcPu-00230-00063740-00063940": "Thank you for the fun mission."}}, {"audio_id": "9uD9Rt85G0M", "text": {"9uD9Rt85G0M-00000-00000094-00000694": "Hello and welcome to our today's video, where we will be presenting to you 5 fashion facts", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00001-00000758-00000973": "The first is, slow fashion", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00002-00000973-00001792": "Unlike fast fashion, slow fashion focuses on producing clothing in a more sustainable and environmentally responsible way.", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00003-00001792-00002400": "Slow fashion encourages buying high-quality clothing that is durable and made from natural materials", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00004-00002400-00002786": "as well as repairing and modifying clothing rather than buying new.", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00005-00003000-00003311": "The second point is, non-binary clothing", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00006-00003338-00003871": "More and more fashion brands are offering collections that are non-binary and not assigned to one gender.", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00007-00003894-00004421": "This way, fashion becomes more inclusive and representative of different groups of people.", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00008-00004493-00004800": "Point three, vintage and second-hand", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00009-00004800-00005200": "Buying used clothing is becoming increasingly popular.", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00010-00005200-00005626": "Many people appreciate the uniqueness and style of clothing from previous decades", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00011-00005626-00005992": "and also want to contribute to reducing the amount of waste.", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00012-00006039-00006304": "Point four, sustainable fashion", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00013-00006304-00007069": "More and more fashion brands and designers are focusing on producing clothing in a more sustainable and environmentally friendly way.", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00014-00007069-00008024": "Materials such as organic cotton, hemp, or linen are becoming more popular, and producing clothing in small batches helps to reduce waste.", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00015-00008024-00008322": "And the last, technology in fashion", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00016-00008322-00008704": "Technology is having an increasing impact on fashion.", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00017-00008704-00009553": "Designers are using advanced technologies such as 3D printing or artificial intelligence to create unique and innovative designs.", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00018-00009553-00010189": "Additionally, the development of e-commerce and mobile apps is changing the way people buy clothes and use fashion.", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00019-00010189-00010800": "We hope we have inspired you to experiment with different styles and express yourself through fashion.", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00020-00010800-00011530": "If you enjoyed our video and would like to see more fashion-related content, we encourage you to subscribe to our channel.", "9uD9Rt85G0M-00021-00011530-00012196": "Write in the comments if you know any other trends, which trends do you like the most?"}}, {"audio_id": "9uXnVfBiZsM", "text": {"9uXnVfBiZsM-00000-00000898-00001202": "Hello dear students. You", "9uXnVfBiZsM-00001-00001202-00001486": "have already started Camtasia Studio 9", "9uXnVfBiZsM-00002-00001486-00001755": "Video editing software course.", "9uXnVfBiZsM-00003-00001755-00002002": "This course is made compact,", "9uXnVfBiZsM-00004-00002002-00002172": "practical and understandable as possible", "9uXnVfBiZsM-00005-00002222-00002546": "Videos will cover from downloading to export.", "9uXnVfBiZsM-00007-00002846-00003144": "I hope that these videos will be useful for you.", "9uXnVfBiZsM-00008-00003144-00003436": "This series is for beginners.", "9uXnVfBiZsM-00009-00003454-00003790": "You will be indicated:", "9uXnVfBiZsM-00010-00003840-00004142": "Sharing your skills by taking videos", "9uXnVfBiZsM-00011-00004142-00004416": "Animations, transitions and video editing", "9uXnVfBiZsM-00012-00004416-00004600": "Audio and visual effects"}}, {"audio_id": "9vtHwRawGsI", "text": {"9vtHwRawGsI-00000-00001844-00002440": "The key thing to focus on for those of us who worry about peak oil : well, it's not", "9vtHwRawGsI-00001-00002440-00003009": "about how much oil there is under the ground. There's still an awful lot of oil under the", "9vtHwRawGsI-00002-00003009-00003522": "ground. What we're worried about is the flow rates : deliverable flow rates, the amount", "9vtHwRawGsI-00003-00003522-00004032": "that can be extracted given that we have a very oil dependent global economy that's relying", "9vtHwRawGsI-00004-00004032-00004602": "on oil production to go up from where it's today. So it's about how much the industry", "9vtHwRawGsI-00005-00004602-00005302": "can get up in order to meet that continuing rise and not have a peak at then a descend", "9vtHwRawGsI-00006-00005367-00006067": "of global oil production. What I and the other companies in the peak oil task force industry", "9vtHwRawGsI-00007-00006091-00006770": "-- we our task force in Britain -- are worried about is just exactly that deliverability.", "9vtHwRawGsI-00008-00006770-00007358": "We think the oil supply, the global supply is going to peak and then descend by 2050", "9vtHwRawGsI-00009-00007358-00007864": "at the latest and there'll still be lots of oil underground. It's not about oil running", "9vtHwRawGsI-00010-00007864-00008348": "out. It's about a world economy that's geared towards its limits on the assumption of", "9vtHwRawGsI-00011-00008348-00008832": "increasing oil supply then finding not only does it not have increasing oil supply or", "9vtHwRawGsI-00012-00008832-00009344": "flat oil supply it has declining oil supply. Have we worried about this ? The International", "9vtHwRawGsI-00013-00009344-00009853": "Energy Agency is worried about this as you can see very clearly in their recent reports and", "9vtHwRawGsI-00014-00009853-00010475": "I think governments, companies and people should be worried about it as well. The oil industry", "9vtHwRawGsI-00015-00010475-00011102": "generally is very bullish about its ability to keep on supplying growing amounts of oil", "9vtHwRawGsI-00016-00011102-00011802": "in a way they have to be, and it's this over enthusiasm that we worry about. We think there", "9vtHwRawGsI-00017-00011875-00012361": "are parallels with the credit crunch because  in the run up to the financial crisis we had exactly  0:02:03.610,0:02:07.390the  same story from the global investment banking community. You know they delivered this new", "9vtHwRawGsI-00018-00012739-00013166": "way of generating wealth with mortgage backed securities. They were completely convinced", "9vtHwRawGsI-00019-00013166-00013840": "of it. There were a few people who weren't, who questioned the narrative, you know, some", "9vtHwRawGsI-00020-00013840-00014481": "journalists, some economists. The incumbents said no, rubbish, stop worrying, you don't", "9vtHwRawGsI-00021-00014481-00014906": "understand and you're scare mongering. It's exactly the same with oil. Well, that's what", "9vtHwRawGsI-00022-00014906-00015388": "companies like BP and Saudi Armaco say  about the people who worry about Peak Oil. They say rubbish", "9vtHwRawGsI-00023-00015388-00015871": "you don't understand, you don't get this straight and stop scare-mongering. Now we know what", "9vtHwRawGsI-00024-00015871-00016431": "happened with the credit crunch. We know who was right. And of course those of us who worry", "9vtHwRawGsI-00025-00016431-00017131": "fear it's going to be a similar pattern with the global peak oil debate. 0:02:57.319,0:03:03.550Of course, there is this school of thought that the credit crunch was triggered off, not caused, it was caused by the toxicity of mortgage backed securities", "9vtHwRawGsI-00026-00018355-00019041": "but there's a strong argument that it was triggered by the oil prices in 2008 - up", "9vtHwRawGsI-00027-00019041-00019741": "to $147 a barrel that made the mortgage repayments you know not just difficult for many ordinary", "9vtHwRawGsI-00028-00019812-00020365": "Americans but impossible, because they're playing such high gasoline prices. Yeah, so that's", "9vtHwRawGsI-00029-00020365-00020995": "quite possible that it's another way in which the peak oil story links in with the financial   crisis.0:03:29.950,0:03:36.950 There's a worst-case scenario that we worry about on the task force. That is,", "9vtHwRawGsI-00030-00022228-00022568": "if it plays out like the credit crunch. What happened in the credit crunch was we went", "9vtHwRawGsI-00031-00022568-00023104": "in a matter of weeks out from a community where in all the investment bankers were saying", "9vtHwRawGsI-00032-00023104-00023573": "\"there's no problem\" to \"there might be some problem with some of these mortgage backed", "9vtHwRawGsI-00033-00023573-00024273": "security derivatives\" to within weeks \"oh my god the whole lot could be toxic\". If that", "9vtHwRawGsI-00034-00024343-00024863": "Now, if that sort of cultural realisation hits the oil industry -- we are not accusing anyone of", "9vtHwRawGsI-00035-00024863-00025455": "lying here -- we are only accusing them of being wrong.. you know. They wake up in the same", "9vtHwRawGsI-00036-00025455-00026097": "way, you know, people start to say, we can't get it up in as much quantity as we thought...", "9vtHwRawGsI-00037-00026097-00026520": "through to panic, we are going to fall a long way short there is this incredible", "9vtHwRawGsI-00038-00026520-00026949": "depletion in existing fields that the IEA talks about and we are not bringing it on", "9vtHwRawGsI-00039-00026949-00027649": "stream fast enough. Then you get an awakening if you like, and the oil producing countries", "9vtHwRawGsI-00040-00027688-00028249": "will start husbanding in their own resources so they'll start keeping oil at home for use", "9vtHwRawGsI-00041-00028249-00028793": "in their multi hundred billion dollar infrastructure programs, for use in their multi hundred billion", "9vtHwRawGsI-00042-00028793-00029369": "ruble infrastructure programs. Then oil importing countries like India and the United", "9vtHwRawGsI-00043-00029369-00029895": "Kingdom, who're assuming that they'll be able to get these imports at relatively affordable", "9vtHwRawGsI-00044-00029895-00030537": "prices, and what they find is, they can get the imports only at incredibly inflated prices", "9vtHwRawGsI-00045-00030537-00031081": "or not at all and then you've got a real crisis. Then it's not just an energy crisis it's sort", "9vtHwRawGsI-00046-00031081-00031781": "of energy famine and then we will really really be stressed. I don't need to elaborate", "9vtHwRawGsI-00047-00031824-00032524": "all the ways that the modern economy can be affected. The renewable energy industries", "9vtHwRawGsI-00048-00032735-00033396": "are increasingly bullish about our ability to run modern economies, if needed, a hundred", "9vtHwRawGsI-00049-00033396-00034022": "percent with renewables. To take a few examples recently the German railway system operator", "9vtHwRawGsI-00050-00034022-00034510": "Deutsche Bahn announced that it had these targets to one hundred percent run the German", "9vtHwRawGsI-00051-00034510-00035210": "railway system on renewable energy, mostly wind and solar, and targetted until 2050 to do that.", "9vtHwRawGsI-00052-00035365-00036012": "We have studies now coming out of modelling centres that look at the mobilization rates", "9vtHwRawGsI-00053-00036012-00036697": "of renewable energy technology, and one from University of California shows that by 2030", "9vtHwRawGsI-00054-00036697-00037226": "if you have all the political will in the world you could mobilize a hundred percent", "9vtHwRawGsI-00055-00037226-00037758": "renewable energy to eleven terrawatts without going faster in terms of mobilization rate,", "9vtHwRawGsI-00056-00037758-00038178": "than we've already gone with other technologies, like the internal combustion engine, like", "9vtHwRawGsI-00057-00038178-00038737": "the mobile phone and so we really have been very bullish. But of course what's missing", "9vtHwRawGsI-00058-00038737-00039336": "in all this is the political will. You know how there is a whole culture that just doesn't", "9vtHwRawGsI-00059-00039336-00039769": "believe you can get your energy this way, that we've always got it from centralised", "9vtHwRawGsI-00060-00039769-00040184": "power plants, with fossil fuels and nuclear power as we always will and if there are problems", "9vtHwRawGsI-00061-00040184-00040884": "we can find solutions like carbon capture and storage, nuclear waste disposal. There's 0:06:50.810,0:06:56.229 a big battle of ideas going on in the world which I think the clean energy advocates", "9vtHwRawGsI-00062-00041622-00042322": "have to win. It's a bit of an existential war.  0:07:05.150,0:07:11.780In renewable energy sources, the wind and solar are both weaker individually than  they are together because they compensate", "9vtHwRawGsI-00063-00043178-00043675": "for others' weaknesses so, you know ,when the wind doesn't blow the sun's often shining", "9vtHwRawGsI-00064-00043675-00044308": "all that sort of things we get that on a 24 hour cycle, a 365-day cycle. When you add", "9vtHwRawGsI-00065-00044308-00044865": "in the other members of the renewable energy family around the core of wind and solar you", "9vtHwRawGsI-00066-00044865-00045565": "get an even stronger synergy effect. So many of these grid effects that big energy", "9vtHwRawGsI-00067-00046028-00046672": "advocates point to can be compensated by matching the family of renewables plus storage, of course", "9vtHwRawGsI-00068-00046672-00047372": "ultimately we will have storage technologies. So we're much less worried about this than, let's say,", "9vtHwRawGsI-00069-00047372-00048021": "the nuclear industry would have you believe. And I think in terms of the cost of it -- the strict economics", "9vtHwRawGsI-00070-00048021-00048721": "-- if you count not just capital cost of the system, but the saved costs, in avoided conventional", "9vtHwRawGsI-00071-00048733-00049274": "energy prices when conventional energy prices are going up and up and up and if you do that", "9vtHwRawGsI-00072-00049274-00049974": "over a time frame into the future so that you're comparing apples with apples and not", "9vtHwRawGsI-00073-00050122-00050594": "apples with oranges, then actually you're going to be spending less money mobilizing", "9vtHwRawGsI-00074-00050594-00051183": "clean energy than you would with conventional and then, on top of that, the environmental", "9vtHwRawGsI-00075-00051183-00051883": "cost saving, When you consider the avoided costs of climate change why you've got a no brainer actually", "9vtHwRawGsI-00076-00051925-00052625": "in economic terms. But I've met many people  don't see it that way.  0:08:49.380,0:08:55.000The world we are going into, we are going to have to localise more than we are0:08:55.380,0:09:00.000We'll have to retreat from globalization. It's in everyone's interest to do that. We've to build the security of", "9vtHwRawGsI-00077-00054000-00054589": "nations. If we do that, if we have independent national sources of energy supply, If we're", "9vtHwRawGsI-00078-00054589-00055235": "creating as much as we can national and local economies to be self-sufficient then our own", "9vtHwRawGsI-00079-00055235-00055691": "security become stronger, the security of our neighbours becomes stronger because they're", "9vtHwRawGsI-00080-00055691-00056341": "doing the same thing. And commonthat security equation I think is something that's going to become", "9vtHwRawGsI-00081-00056341-00056795": "very important in the twenty first century inevitably. Renewable energy plays to that", "9vtHwRawGsI-00082-00056795-00057395": "very very well. Big centralised energy doesn't, it plays to investment bankers who want to", "9vtHwRawGsI-00083-00057395-00057800": "make huge bonuses, on IPOs for coal and the rest of it. It plays", "9vtHwRawGsI-00084-00057800-00058366": "the big energy companies which are stuffed with vested interests and intimately linked", "9vtHwRawGsI-00085-00058366-00059066": "with the capital markets in the fact that they do big things that bankers like financing.", "9vtHwRawGsI-00086-00059204-00059899": "So I do think that if we can mobilize renewable energy fast we'll see so many spin off benefits", "9vtHwRawGsI-00087-00059899-00060480": "in society and make a much safer and saner world, one that can hopefully survive climate", "9vtHwRawGsI-00088-00060480-00061180": "change, to boot. The big problem is the big energy companies the big utilities who are locked in", "9vtHwRawGsI-00089-00061529-00062035": "to centralised power, particularly the nuclear industry, they hate the stuff. They hate the", "9vtHwRawGsI-00090-00062035-00062544": "idea of the people having their own power, literally andmetaphorically in their own communities", "9vtHwRawGsI-00091-00062544-00063098": "and they fight very hard against it. The oil companies are a bit split. They tinker with", "9vtHwRawGsI-00092-00063098-00063566": "renewable energy. So BP and Shell invest a bit, they're half hearted, they're not really", "9vtHwRawGsI-00093-00063566-00064057": "serious, it's green wash. But Total, the French company, worried about peak oil, the only", "9vtHwRawGsI-00094-00064057-00064679": "major oil company to have any concerns about peak oil, just made a big investment in solar", "9vtHwRawGsI-00095-00064679-00065255": "recently and it'd be very interesting to watch what they do with that. In this context, the", "9vtHwRawGsI-00096-00065255-00065956": "oil companies are not half as bad as the big power companies. In the energy debate it is important", "9vtHwRawGsI-00097-00066245-00066707": "to realize that everybody and everything is subsidized. So don't let the nuclear industry", "9vtHwRawGsI-00098-00066707-00067136": "persuade you that they're not subsidized. Because they are subsidized to the tune of", "9vtHwRawGsI-00099-00067136-00067623": "hundreds of billions of dollars as are the fossil fuel companies in all kinds of ways.", "9vtHwRawGsI-00100-00067623-00068061": "And the subsidies from renewables are a fraction of what goes into conventional energy. That's", "9vtHwRawGsI-00101-00068061-00068560": "the first starting point. But we need those subsidies because currently in most countries", "9vtHwRawGsI-00102-00068560-00069260": "it's a bit more expensive than conventional energy and we can with the so called feed-in tariffs rack the", "9vtHwRawGsI-00103-00069286-00069833": "the price down that we charge to the point where we will be providing power at the same", "9vtHwRawGsI-00104-00069833-00070320": "price and less as conventional energy. And then the subsidies can go away so we that we don't", "9vtHwRawGsI-00105-00070320-00070924": "need them forever like the nuclear industry does. And that's a very important thing for", "9vtHwRawGsI-00106-00070924-00071570": "people to understand because the myth machine of big energy pumps out this notion that you", "9vtHwRawGsI-00107-00071570-00072186": "can only have green energy if you have horrifically high subsidies and they know their own dependency", "9vtHwRawGsI-00108-00072186-00072658": "on subsidies. They also ignore the holistic economics. So in the case of building a solar", "9vtHwRawGsI-00109-00072658-00073045": "industry you're creating jobs, you're creating lots of jobs, local jobs, they're paying taxes,", "9vtHwRawGsI-00110-00073045-00073745": "jobs that pay taxes, the workers... there's  VAT on the products, there's avoided unemployment", "9vtHwRawGsI-00111-00073770-00074486": "benefits in countries that have that, you know. So if you do the total sum, the subsidy is worth every pound", "9vtHwRawGsI-00112-00074986-00075486": "Ten years ago selling solar energy was an incredibly difficult thing to do. 0:12:34.870,0:12:39.860  People would say it's just too expensive, why would you do it? A good idea, nice and green, but way too", "9vtHwRawGsI-00113-00076017-00076717": "expensive. Housing Associations for the fuel poor... very difficult sell it to them. Now", "9vtHwRawGsI-00114-00076726-00077341": "ten years later housing associations are saying this stuff is getting cheaper and cheaper", "9vtHwRawGsI-00115-00077341-00077800": "and cheaper. And you know what, this is one of our best tools for fighting fuel poverty,", "9vtHwRawGsI-00116-00077800-00078500": "for providing energy to the fuel poor in a country like Britain. So we've gone full circle. But", "9vtHwRawGsI-00117-00078685-00079224": "because of that I think there is now real opposition from big energy companies like 0:13:12.240,0:13:19.240 EDF and they try to shoot us down because they see a severe threat to the kind of future", "9vtHwRawGsI-00118-00080101-00080697": "that they want to be living in. So you know one form of difficulty has been overcome only", "9vtHwRawGsI-00119-00080697-00081397": "to be replaced by another.  0:13:33.370,0:13:37.200We do secondary manufacturing for solar in South Wales, meaning we put the", "9vtHwRawGsI-00120-00081737-00082320": "components together into roof tiles and elements of the building frame. But the components", "9vtHwRawGsI-00121-00082320-00083020": "almost all are imported. We don't have a vertically integrated supply chain in Britain in the", "9vtHwRawGsI-00122-00083156-00083856": "way that for example, China does, and Germany does now. 0:14:02.740,0:14:09.740With any form of energy  there is an embedded carbon cost that you have to pay back. In the case of solar", "9vtHwRawGsI-00123-00085080-00085451": "that is about two months. So your solar panels have to sit on the roof for about two months", "9vtHwRawGsI-00124-00085451-00086120": "before they're paid off the energy cost that has gone into them. That's gonna improve with", "9vtHwRawGsI-00125-00086120-00086570": "time because of course as you get more and more renewables in the energy mix, 0:14:25.709,0:14:32.709 the carbon content of your actual manufacturing goes down. 0:14:35.000,0:14:40.700Provided nothing goes wrong it's a lot cleaner than fossil fuels. I would certainly give the nuclear", "9vtHwRawGsI-00126-00088070-00088637": "industry that. But as we know things do go wrong, you know once every ten years they", "9vtHwRawGsI-00127-00088637-00089276": "go catastrophically wrong and even at the baseline level of operation there're many", "9vtHwRawGsI-00128-00089276-00089976": "shocks in store. So for example after a recent leak in a French nuclear power plant the French", "9vtHwRawGsI-00129-00090143-00090745": "government last year mandated drilling and sampling of groundwater under every one of", "9vtHwRawGsI-00130-00090745-00091445": "France's fifty two reactors. We've yet to see the results of that work. I wouldn't bet", "9vtHwRawGsI-00131-00091589-00092289": "they won't find a lot more dangerous radioactive leakage under French nuclear power plants. 0:15:28.190,0:15:35.190The  nuclear industry has succeeded in a great scam which is to transfer off their balance", "9vtHwRawGsI-00132-00093520-00094170": "sheet in most countries everything to do with decommissioning of nuclear wastes, of reactors,", "9vtHwRawGsI-00133-00094170-00094870": "of treating of nuclear waste, the security, the nuclear materials, all along the value", "9vtHwRawGsI-00134-00094947-00095358": "chain, all that is paid for by the people. And then the other thing - I understand you", "9vtHwRawGsI-00135-00095358-00095919": "have this liability debate in India at the moment - of course, they absolutely require", "9vtHwRawGsI-00136-00095919-00096619": "not to insure their own operations. They need you and me to insure the operations for them. They", "9vtHwRawGsI-00137-00096647-00097347": "can't operate otherwise. So you know, this is totally unfair. The only reason they have", "9vtHwRawGsI-00138-00097538-00097972": "been allowed to do it historically is because of their connection to nuclear weapons. So", "9vtHwRawGsI-00139-00097972-00098511": "we've tolerated civilian nuclear power because we want the nuclear weapons power in Britain", "9vtHwRawGsI-00140-00098511-00099067": "rightly or wrongly and I think in many other nations are taking the same approach. One", "9vtHwRawGsI-00141-00099067-00099656": "of the dangers of nuclear power is if civil nuclear power proliferate the day will come", "9vtHwRawGsI-00142-00099656-00100212": "when nuclear weapons are used in anger, whether by terrorists or God forbid nation against", "9vtHwRawGsI-00143-00100212-00100812": "nation. That will become much more likely with a  proliferating civilian nuclear power program. 0:16:53.500,0:17:01.500I think people are desperate ... they prefer comfortable narratives to uncomfortable ones so if they're faced", "9vtHwRawGsI-00144-00102207-00102907": "with the choice between believing that climate change is going to damage the globe or choosing", "9vtHwRawGsI-00145-00103070-00103501": "to believe that you know it's all a conspiracy somehow of climate scientists around", "9vtHwRawGsI-00146-00103501-00104133": "the world too many of them choose that comforting notion ahead of the uncomfortable one. With", "9vtHwRawGsI-00147-00104133-00104833": "energy, Peak Oil, the uncomfortable notion that an oil-dependent world economy is set to face a peak and a", "9vtHwRawGsI-00148-00104922-00105540": "descend they prefer to believe the other one. With big energy, many many people in that culture", "9vtHwRawGsI-00149-00105540-00105740": "prefer the status quo.  0:17:42.299,0:17:47.869Because if the grown-ups get their energy from big centralised power plants the", "9vtHwRawGsI-00150-00106829-00107286": "argument from the developing world is when you develop this way why shouldn't we the", "9vtHwRawGsI-00151-00107286-00107686": "answer will be: because there's a better way to develop now, we've moved on now. But still", "9vtHwRawGsI-00152-00107686-00108226": "there's this kind of we just want to simply copy you and so you get these belief systems", "9vtHwRawGsI-00153-00108226-00108810": "around energy. The neuroscientists are discovering all sorts of interesting things about the", "9vtHwRawGsI-00154-00108810-00109354": "way the human brain works individually and collectively and we do form belief systems", "9vtHwRawGsI-00155-00109354-00110009": "very easily and when we are forced into them we enter them much more easily than we can", "9vtHwRawGsI-00156-00110009-00110709": "be persuaded out of them by rational argument.0:18:33.989,0:18:40.029 There is tremendous scope for change built into the global society at the moment. If you look at all these young people who are protesting", "9vtHwRawGsI-00157-00112002-00112457": "on Wall Street and in the city of London and various other places around the world about", "9vtHwRawGsI-00158-00112457-00113037": "the behaviour of the capital markets you know they're typecast as anti capitalist. Many of", "9vtHwRawGsI-00159-00113037-00113647": "these people are not against capitalism. What they're against is the form of capitalism, the greedy, short  term,0:18:56.470,0:19:03.269  blind form of capitalism that we have allowed to evolve, where there's no value", "9vtHwRawGsI-00160-00114326-00114975": "placed on a livable survivable future. Those people are angry and there are many many many", "9vtHwRawGsI-00161-00114975-00115614": "of them. And as I said in my talk you know in my generation the young people that age", "9vtHwRawGsI-00162-00115614-00116035": "were conservative they put on suits they went to job interviews. Many of these young people", "9vtHwRawGsI-00163-00116035-00116472": "can't go to job interviews anymore because of what the capital markets have done, or", "9vtHwRawGsI-00164-00116472-00116949": "the financial services industry has done to their prospects. And when they look at energy", "9vtHwRawGsI-00165-00116949-00117621": "they're far more prone to believe that an alternative future lies in clean energy than", "9vtHwRawGsI-00166-00117621-00118270": "they are to believe the dinosaur thinking of the big energy companies that are locked", "9vtHwRawGsI-00167-00118270-00118970": "into the failed modern models of the twentieth century. This could be wishful thinking on", "9vtHwRawGsI-00168-00119045-00119611": "my part but when you combine that analysis with the power of social media and how they", "9vtHwRawGsI-00169-00119611-00120088": "can transform things I think we have a lot to work with but make no mistake you know", "9vtHwRawGsI-00170-00120088-00120583": "where the time is pressing and we're running out of time very quickly. At some point there", "9vtHwRawGsI-00171-00120583-00121213": "will be a crisis mentality in the world, a critical mass of people who think we are in", "9vtHwRawGsI-00172-00121213-00121815": "utter crisis and it might be you know just  as a continuation of the financial crisis", "9vtHwRawGsI-00173-00121815-00122300": "might be the peak oil issue, it might be the emergence of all kinds of perturbations in", "9vtHwRawGsI-00174-00122300-00122858": "the climate or some combination of these. At that point the world will start mobilizing", "9vtHwRawGsI-00175-00122858-00123558": "survival technologies at the speed with which Britain and Germany were forced to mobilize", "9vtHwRawGsI-00176-00123580-00124122": "weapons of war in nineteen thirty nine and nineteen forty and those mobilization rates", "9vtHwRawGsI-00177-00124122-00124822": "of tanks aircraft and ships nobody could have predicted how fast these two countries mobilize", "9vtHwRawGsI-00178-00124875-00125439": "when they absolutely felt they had to. I think we get to see the same thing with clean energy", "9vtHwRawGsI-00179-00125439-00125975": "and therefore you know oh I suppose that in another form of words I'm saying once things", "9vtHwRawGsI-00180-00125975-00126519": "get worse then maybe they can get better. I don't know that that's what's gonna happen", "9vtHwRawGsI-00181-00126519-00126815": "but that's what I think is a very probable scenario"}}, {"audio_id": "9vLZwjvQlKI", "text": {"9vLZwjvQlKI-00000-00012208-00012664": "(song) I am mexican", "9vLZwjvQlKI-00001-00012838-00013468": "I born appreciating life and death", "9vLZwjvQlKI-00002-00015512-00015896": "I am proud of being a Charro", "9vLZwjvQlKI-00003-00015922-00016122": "Brave and strong", "9vLZwjvQlKI-00004-00016206-00016568": "wearing a hat with silver ornaments", "9vLZwjvQlKI-00005-00016616-00017254": "Nobody can tell me that I am a thief", "9vLZwjvQlKI-00006-00017446-00017866": "Ridding with my horse"}}, {"audio_id": "9wi7YmfiGr8", "text": {"9wi7YmfiGr8-00000-00000000-00020500": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "9wK-ZwedLME", "text": {"9wK-ZwedLME-00000-00000421-00000533": "My name is Sadia.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00001-00000533-00000776": "I’m twenty years old right now.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00002-00000776-00001919": "I came from Somalia originally but we went to Kenya in 1999.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00003-00001919-00002403": "We migrated from there to Minnesota first, around 2000.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00004-00002403-00002586": "At that time I was five years old.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00005-00002586-00003147": "Then we didn’t stay in Minnesota for long due to not having much family.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00006-00003147-00003421": "So we migrated to Seattle; again, another migration.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00007-00003421-00003647": "But I was young.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00008-00003647-00004121": "Started my life, went to school, felt like a normal kid.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00009-00004121-00004702": "So in 2012, after I finished high school, I decided that I might as well take a journey", "9wK-ZwedLME-00010-00004702-00004802": "back home.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00011-00004802-00005355": "I’ve always had this feeling where I didn’t have a connection with my father due to such", "9wK-ZwedLME-00012-00005355-00005842": "a young age of divorce where I didn’t know—and I didn’t know really what happened to my", "9wK-ZwedLME-00013-00005842-00006456": "father and mother, but I knew that I had to separate from both of them and live with my", "9wK-ZwedLME-00014-00006456-00006556": "grandma.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00015-00006556-00006961": "So, I was like, in 2012, I have nothing to do, I have two years to think about what I", "9wK-ZwedLME-00016-00006961-00007504": "want to be, I might as well go back home and see my father and see the country, because", "9wK-ZwedLME-00017-00007504-00008148": "the media portrays it as this horrific place where there’s war and there’s no peace.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00018-00008148-00008596": "I mean, that happens, but there’s a good side and a bad side about everything in this", "9wK-ZwedLME-00019-00008596-00008696": "world.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00020-00008696-00009247": "So, I went there just with an open mind, by myself.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00021-00009247-00009756": "Saw my father; had a moment with him, had a weight off my shoulders.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00022-00009756-00010382": "I went back to different places in Somalia and traveled around—of course, that’s", "9wK-ZwedLME-00023-00010382-00010645": "what we do.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00024-00010645-00011258": "Then as I was there I got a whole different view in life, going there and seeing these", "9wK-ZwedLME-00025-00011258-00011470": "people.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00026-00011470-00011690": "It really changed my life ‘til this day.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00027-00011690-00012220": "It changed me to a point that I want to go back and help the people that I see, but this", "9wK-ZwedLME-00028-00012220-00012754": "time, I want to be more experienced in why I want to help them and learn what I want", "9wK-ZwedLME-00029-00012754-00012978": "to help them and how I can change these people’s lives.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00030-00012978-00013360": "After all, it starts with one person and we can all do it.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00031-00013360-00013805": "And I hope the people that are listening to this that they don’t just see me as another", "9wK-ZwedLME-00032-00013805-00014191": "kid that’s westernized, “You don’t know much about Somalia,” but when I went back", "9wK-ZwedLME-00033-00014191-00014291": "it taught me a lot.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00034-00014291-00014441": "It changed my life.", "9wK-ZwedLME-00035-00014441-00014775": "I think every kid should go and have the opportunity to go see it."}}, {"audio_id": "9x1GdA6FBHU", "text": {"9x1GdA6FBHU-00000-00000044-00000418": "A couple of years ago I was amazed to watch my two-and-a-half year old granddaughter tackle", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00001-00000418-00000580": "her ABCs on our original iPad...", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00002-00000580-00000805": "SIERRA SOUNDUP \"Grandma, I did it.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00003-00000805-00000905": "Yeah.\"", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00004-00000905-00001288": "I've wondered what will happen when these \"iPad babies\" hit the classroom, already knowing", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00005-00001288-00001388": "basic skills.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00006-00001388-00001800": "So last week I went to Paxson Elementary where several classes, including kindergarten, are", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00007-00001800-00002032": "discovering how quickly children adapt...", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00008-00002032-00002132": "JULIE LINE/PAXSON ELEMENTARY KINDERGARTEN TEACHER", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00009-00002132-00002346": "\"Four of my kids came in, having an iPad at home.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00010-00002346-00002731": "At this point in the year, and really only a month into it, there was no difference.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00011-00002731-00003172": "Having it in their hand daily, they catch up, they teach each other.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00012-00003172-00003272": "It just happens for them.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00013-00003272-00003372": "They get it.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00014-00003372-00003472": "It's intuitive.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00015-00003472-00003572": "It's not threatening.\"", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00016-00003572-00003672": "KELLY CHUMRAU/PAXSON ELEMENTARY PRINCIPAL \"The students are just really engaged.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00017-00003672-00003772": "They're having a good time.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00018-00003772-00003872": "They're able to differentiate on their own, so they can take their learning as far as", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00019-00003872-00003972": "they want to go.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00020-00003972-00004392": "And if they need some extra time on a certain concept, or to work on a skill, they can take", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00021-00004392-00004492": "that time.\"", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00022-00004492-00004592": "And surprisingly, no accidents with these expensive tools...", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00023-00004592-00004692": "KINDERGARTENER \"This little part right here, that's a little", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00024-00004692-00004792": "more forward than the screen, so if it falls on the screen that will hold it.\"", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00025-00004792-00004892": "MADDIE \"Well they help you when you don't want to", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00026-00004892-00005132": "go through a huge textbook and you can just go right away and find what you're looking", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00027-00005132-00005232": "for.\"", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00028-00005232-00005565": "JIMMIE \"You can see a lot of different stuff that", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00029-00005565-00005803": "you wouldn't notice if you were looking at a classroom model.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00030-00005803-00006182": "JULIE BONNER/5TH GRADE TEACHER BIGFORK ELEMENTARY \"So it's able to just take something that", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00031-00006182-00006570": "I might need to present in a text book way, but I can open it up in a whole new dimension", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00032-00006570-00006918": "by having access to the computers or the iPads.\"", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00033-00006918-00007112": "And from what I saw, there's also faster feedback.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00034-00007112-00007598": "In this class, the teacher can see each student's results as soon as they're done, giving immediate", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00035-00007598-00007768": "advice and answering questions.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00036-00007768-00007940": "Few don't have their own devices...", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00037-00007940-00008236": "SAM TUDOR/BIGFORK HIGH SCHOOL TEACHER \"It is kind of a rarity and I find the ones", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00038-00008236-00008814": "that don't have it at home are so eager to delve into it that they're ready to learn.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00039-00008814-00008964": "They're already ready to learn how to use it.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00040-00008964-00009291": "So really I don't see it as a major speed bump.\"", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00041-00009291-00009397": "There is a dark side.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00042-00009397-00009827": "A recent UK study said some parents are letting children use devices up to 4-hours, or more,", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00043-00009827-00010052": "a day, creating addictive behavior.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00044-00010052-00010475": "But these teachers say like any technology, it's all about parents supervising and balancing", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00045-00010475-00010623": "time and exploration...", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00046-00010623-00010883": "MATT JENSEN/BIGFORK ELEMENTARY PRINCIPAL \"In fact we encourage, the more use the better.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00047-00010883-00011171": "And all their doing is becoming more familiar with the tool.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00048-00011171-00011839": "And the same is true for keyboarding or learning anything about the machine that you're using.", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00049-00011839-00012275": "The more you can learn to manipulate that tool the more you will spend your time and", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00050-00012275-00012375": "energy learning.\"", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00051-00012375-00012684": "CHUMRAU \"That play time, that outside being with friends,", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00052-00012684-00013088": "riding bikes, exercise, we've got to keep the balance for sure.\"", "9x1GdA6FBHU-00053-00013088-00013285": "On Special Assignment, Dennis Bragg, MTN News."}}, {"audio_id": "9xn9JdBzfDQ", "text": {"9xn9JdBzfDQ-00000-00000592-00000806": "- Hi everyone, my name is Jessica Kelton", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00001-00000816-00001046": "I'm the REA on the Farm and Agribusiness Management Team.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00002-00001050-00001162": "Today I just wanna cover", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00003-00001162-00001314": "a little bit about industrial hemp-", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00004-00001314-00001603": "the risk management and some of the economics", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00005-00001603-00001887": "behind what's driving our market right now.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00006-00002017-00002179": "Okay so, most of you are aware that", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00007-00002179-00002483": "in 2014, that's when we had the Farm Bill pass", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00008-00002483-00002751": "that allowed for states to legalize", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00009-00002751-00003154": "some pilot programs for industrial hemp.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00010-00003154-00003330": "That's kind of where we started our research.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00011-00003330-00003470": "As you know,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00012-00003470-00003624": "Alabama was not one of those states", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00013-00003624-00003740": "who participated in that.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00014-00003740-00003926": "But we had several surrounding states", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00015-00003926-00004042": "that did participate.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00016-00004042-00004410": "Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina and South Carolina", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00017-00004410-00004653": "were all states that ran these pilot programs.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00018-00004653-00004977": "Now in 2018 when the Farm Bill was passed", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00019-00004977-00005298": "that allowed for commercial production of industrial hemp,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00020-00005298-00005608": "then this allowed for most of our states", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00021-00005608-00005803": "to start producing hemp.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00022-00005803-00005923": "Alabama started producing,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00023-00005923-00006200": "our first crop was in 2019", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00024-00006200-00006463": "under the 2018 Farm Bill.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00025-00006463-00006699": "But we're still operating under the pilot program", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00026-00006700-00007400": "until the 2018 bill is passed for our state program.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00027-00007508-00007665": "Some of the things that are different", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00028-00007665-00007829": "for the 2018 Farm Bill", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00029-00007829-00008167": "is that one of the issues we had originally", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00030-00008167-00008470": "was interstate travel restrictions between state to state.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00031-00008470-00008588": "They had different testing methods,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00032-00008588-00009156": "plant material could be under the .3 level", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00033-00009170-00009352": "in the state they were leaving,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00034-00009353-00009476": "but then go into another state", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00035-00009476-00009868": "and have issues and get confiscated.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00036-00009868-00010259": "It also allows for hemp to have banking options.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00037-00010259-00010486": "At this point, I don't know of any private lenders", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00038-00010486-00010696": "that are working with hemp growers.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00039-00010696-00010911": "The FSA has stated that they will allow", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00040-00010911-00011192": "operating loans to be secured for growers", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00041-00011192-00011462": "for hemp in 2020.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00042-00011462-00011751": "And it also establishes some crop insurance.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00043-00011858-00012219": "Some of the, that's available for the crop insurances,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00044-00012219-00012361": "it will have NAP coverage", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00045-00012361-00012549": "and that's through FSA.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00046-00012549-00012717": "I don't know the specifics on that,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00047-00012717-00012951": "you could visit the individual FSA office.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00048-00012951-00013035": "But they were also working with a", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00049-00013035-00013317": "multi-peril crop insurance program.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00050-00013317-00013545": "It is a pilot program", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00051-00013545-00013665": "and it will be available", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00052-00013665-00013982": "in almost all the states in Alabama.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00053-00013982-00014207": "Or, all of the counties in Alabama.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00054-00014207-00014484": "One of the issues is that, right now,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00055-00014484-00014676": "understand that you'll have to have crop insurance", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00056-00014676-00015290": "and you will have to have a contract to sell,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00057-00015319-00015543": "or to have your hemp purchased", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00058-00015543-00015899": "before you can qualify for that insurance.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00059-00015899-00016251": "But, those will be options for 2020 production.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00060-00016478-00016633": "One of the issues was that we had some,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00061-00016633-00016875": "had to have clarification on how", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00062-00016875-00017057": "these rules were gonna be implemented.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00063-00017057-00017203": "Now, that wasn't published until", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00064-00017203-00017503": "the end of, roughly, October of 2019.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00065-00017503-00017667": "Those rules came out.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00066-00017667-00018078": "So, there's still a lot in the 2018 Farm Bill", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00067-00018078-00018233": "that's not well understood,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00068-00018233-00018428": "and we'll probably continue to have", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00069-00018428-00018872": "updates as we move forward with industrial hemp.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00070-00019012-00019190": "So, I've just kind of given you", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00071-00019190-00019344": "an idea of what our hemp production looks like.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00072-00019344-00019449": "Throughout the US,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00073-00019449-00019621": "you can kinda see here on the map,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00074-00019621-00019883": "that the states in blue are the ones", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00075-00019883-00020110": "that were initially growing.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00076-00020110-00020323": "And then those kind of in the yellow are the ones", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00077-00020323-00020823": "who now have hemp in their state as of 2019.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00078-00020911-00021100": "The main thing to take away from this", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00079-00021100-00021268": "is the number of acres we've had.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00080-00021268-00021474": "If you look at your total for 2017,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00081-00021474-00021794": "we had 25,000 acres that were certified", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00082-00021794-00022079": "and had a license to produce on.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00083-00022079-00022262": "Now if you look at 2018,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00084-00022262-00022448": "that number goes up to 78,000.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00085-00022448-00022719": "Now again, remember these are just licensed acres.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00086-00022719-00022957": "And we all know that there were a lot of issues", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00087-00022957-00023173": "depending on what year we're looking at it.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00088-00023173-00023530": "Weather related or cost-prohibitive", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00089-00023530-00023697": "that people weren't able to plant", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00090-00023697-00024017": "all of those acres that were licensed.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00091-00024017-00024163": "So, now that we have", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00092-00024163-00024401": "where you have to certify your acres through FSA,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00093-00024401-00024538": "I think we'll have a better understanding", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00094-00024538-00024797": "of actually how many acres are planted.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00095-00024797-00025035": "But then if you look for 2019,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00096-00025035-00025348": "here are the estimates of the acres we had in the US.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00097-00025348-00025684": "And that's 511,000 acres that we had planted,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00098-00025684-00025852": "or licensed to grow.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00099-00025852-00026118": "So you can see there's a tremendous jump", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00100-00026118-00026313": "in the number of acres across the US that we had,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00101-00026313-00026655": "and that really kind of drives that supply and demand.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00102-00026655-00026927": "With that number of acres going from", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00103-00026927-00027137": "78,000 to 511,000 just in one year,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00104-00027137-00027514": "we have increased, tremendously increased", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00105-00027514-00027692": "the amount of hemp we have available.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00106-00027692-00027995": "Which, really most of this is going into CBD production.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00107-00027995-00028330": "So if you watch the markets and watch the price of hemp,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00108-00028330-00028807": "you can really see why that price has dropped so fast,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00109-00028807-00029117": "because of just the supply we have.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00110-00029117-00029389": "Now again, that is just licensed acres", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00111-00029389-00029675": "and the numbers I've seen roughly estimate", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00112-00029675-00030137": "about 350,000 of those were actually planted.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00113-00030137-00030444": "Not sure exactly how many of those were actually harvested.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00114-00030444-00030670": "But again, tremendous increase", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00115-00030670-00030868": "which pushes those prices down.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00116-00030936-00031187": "So like I said, most of that was for CBD production.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00117-00031187-00031624": "There are several types of production for industrial hemp.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00118-00031624-00031855": "Again, by March for Alabama,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00119-00031855-00032056": "we had all of it planted to CBD.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00120-00032056-00032297": "But there was also the fiber in the seed side,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00121-00032297-00032542": "and all of those have different production methods.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00122-00032542-00032764": "If you're growing for CBD,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00123-00032764-00033108": "majority of people are planting seedlings or transplants.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00124-00033108-00033269": "But if you're growing for seed or for fiber,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00125-00033269-00033604": "then you're planting a lot higher seeding rate,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00126-00033604-00033826": "a lot closer together on the plant.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00127-00033826-00034251": "But again, your seeds are gonna be a lot less expensive", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00128-00034251-00034584": "for the fiber and seed market.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00129-00034584-00034948": "So, one of the main things that I want you to remember too,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00130-00034948-00035179": "is that the demand for CBD", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00131-00035179-00035679": "has really been what's pushed the hemp production,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00132-00035689-00036045": "or that type of production.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00133-00036045-00036337": "But as we move forward with the industrial hemp market,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00134-00036337-00036784": "if we continue to have infrastructure put in place", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00135-00036784-00036978": "so that we can use fiber products,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00136-00036978-00037281": "I think that we'll see an increase in interest", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00137-00037281-00037491": "in growing for the fiber and for the seed.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00138-00037491-00037738": "Most of those returns are not gonna be as high", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00139-00037738-00038079": "as we were seeing two years ago for CBD production.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00140-00038079-00038335": "But they could still be another option", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00141-00038335-00038535": "for people who are willing to grow hemp.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00142-00038673-00038921": "So when we talk about risk management,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00143-00038921-00039200": "one of the main things we have to think about are,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00144-00039200-00039469": "well, everything in ag is kind of a risk.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00145-00039469-00039736": "But what do you wanna do to kind of hedge your bets", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00146-00039736-00039964": "and mitigate those risks that you're gonna face?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00147-00039964-00040099": "And there's all kinds of risk.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00148-00040099-00040308": "Whether it's production risk, financial risk,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00149-00040308-00040685": "just the human risk of this.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00150-00040685-00040908": "So, things you have to think about", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00151-00040908-00041044": "before you even plant,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00152-00041044-00041201": "or some of the decisions you have to make", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00153-00041201-00041701": "that kind of gives you a little bit of risk management", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00154-00041792-00041987": "for some of the things you're gonna do.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00155-00041987-00042191": "So, when we talk about that for production risk,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00156-00042191-00042501": "how am I going to manage my production strategy", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00157-00042501-00042861": "so that I'm not counting on one specific production practice", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00158-00042861-00042979": "to make all of my money?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00159-00042979-00043211": "So, essentially not putting all your eggs in one basket.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00160-00043211-00043586": "So, things you have to think about on productions decisions.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00161-00043586-00043706": "I'm not gonna go too in depth on this", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00162-00043706-00044017": "because I know there are some other webinars", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00163-00044017-00044117": "that are gonna be out there", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00164-00044117-00044341": "that cover a lot on the production side.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00165-00044341-00044487": "Things you have to think about,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00166-00044487-00044629": "your bare ground or plastic.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00167-00044629-00044880": "What strain or strains are you going to grow?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00168-00044880-00045174": "Am I gonna use seed or seedlings,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00169-00045174-00045302": "or am I gonna use clones?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00170-00045302-00045514": "The main thing you have to think about", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00171-00045514-00045672": "if you're a large enough operation,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00172-00045672-00045855": "if you can kind of diversify.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00173-00045855-00046111": "If you have some bare ground versus plastic,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00174-00046111-00046249": "particularly in your first year,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00175-00046249-00046384": "what works best for you?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00176-00046384-00046639": "That way you're not just relying", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00177-00046639-00046871": "solely on one production strategy to make it.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00178-00046871-00047058": "Because again, we're new at this", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00179-00047058-00047299": "and we don't know exactly what is gonna be the best.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00180-00047299-00047505": "We don't know strains,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00181-00047505-00047682": "which ones are gonna work best,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00182-00047682-00047837": "particularly across the state.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00183-00047837-00048013": "South Alabama versus north Alabama", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00184-00048013-00048150": "may have a different outcome", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00185-00048150-00048334": "depending on what strain we plant.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00186-00048334-00048485": "You also need to be careful too,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00187-00048485-00048778": "when you're listening to advice from other states,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00188-00048778-00048932": "if their climates are different", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00189-00048932-00049422": "and they've had some success with a particular strain,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00190-00049422-00049657": "it may or may not yield the same here.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00191-00049657-00049865": "But then also too,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00192-00049865-00049993": "some of your management decisions", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00193-00049993-00050304": "may be decided by who you're using as your processor.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00194-00050304-00050606": "Right now, Alabama doesn't mandate", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00195-00050606-00050997": "that a hemp grower have a heavy metal soil test", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00196-00050997-00051344": "or test for herbicides or pesticides in the soil.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00197-00051344-00051580": "But if your processor wants that,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00198-00051580-00051818": "its gonna be difficult to go back after the fact", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00199-00051818-00051992": "and have those tests run.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00200-00051992-00052128": "If they come up where your processor", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00201-00052128-00052311": "doesn't wanna work with you,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00202-00052311-00052632": "then that could be an issue.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00203-00052632-00052820": "They're working to approve some pesticides", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00204-00052820-00052903": "to be used in hemp.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00205-00052903-00053079": "But if your processor doesn't want to", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00206-00053079-00053349": "accept hemp with those pesticides being sprayed", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00207-00053349-00053461": "then that really kinda limits you", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00208-00053461-00053724": "if that who you decided is gonna be your processor", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00209-00053724-00053876": "and you don't have a back up plan.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00210-00053876-00054113": "So, things to think about going into production.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00211-00054113-00054267": "What kind of practices am I gonna do,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00212-00054267-00054465": "and can I diversify those practices", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00213-00054465-00054861": "so that I'm not just counting on one production practice?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00214-00054861-00055282": "There's a lot of risk, too, on the production side.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00215-00055282-00055611": "And I know one of the main things we see are weed issues.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00216-00055611-00055866": "Definitely want to stay on top of that.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00217-00055866-00056180": "Insects and disease pressure as well.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00218-00056180-00056434": "The other things, THC spikes.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00219-00056434-00056824": "We're not sure exactly what the weather will do,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00220-00056824-00057110": "or drought, or extreme rain,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00221-00057110-00057341": "if those will cause any kind of THC spikes.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00222-00057350-00057674": "But it's something to think about.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00223-00057675-00057801": "Water use requirements.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00224-00057801-00058162": "For most of our established commodities", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00225-00058162-00058291": "we have kind of an idea", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00226-00058291-00058528": "of what our water use requirements are gonna be.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00227-00058528-00058716": "For hemp, we're not sure yet.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00228-00058716-00058929": "Again, that comes with years of research.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00229-00058929-00059043": "We just don't have that.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00230-00059043-00059266": "Also, on the fertility requirements,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00231-00059266-00059426": "you may be working with a processor", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00232-00059426-00059782": "or working with a co-op of growers,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00233-00059782-00060097": "and you may have fertility and management", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00234-00060097-00060249": "practices that are established.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00235-00060249-00060491": "But, things you have to think about.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00236-00060491-00060575": "What am I gonna do,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00237-00060575-00060741": "how am I gonna handle these requirements?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00238-00060741-00061162": "Because we don't have just a specific set", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00239-00061162-00061386": "of instructions for growing hemp in Alabama.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00240-00061495-00061780": "Then if you can get through the production side of that,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00241-00061780-00061888": "how am I gonna harvest?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00242-00061888-00062140": "There's a lot of decisions you have to make with that", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00243-00062140-00062358": "and there's some risk that come along with both of them,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00244-00062358-00062538": "or hand harvest versus mechanical.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00245-00062538-00062884": "We've seen some growers who had the implements", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00246-00062884-00063085": "to harvest mechanically.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00247-00063085-00063389": "We had issues with uniformity across the field", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00248-00063389-00063642": "which made mechanical harvest very difficult.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00249-00063642-00063741": "If you're gonna hand harvest", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00250-00063741-00064115": "you'll have access to the number of", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00251-00064115-00064449": "people to actually go out there and hand harvest.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00252-00064449-00064546": "And then drying.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00253-00064546-00064745": "There's so many different options out there,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00254-00064745-00065037": "we don't have a set way of working with the drying.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00255-00065037-00065265": "So, people have come up with", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00256-00065265-00065488": "some innovative ways to handle that.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00257-00065488-00065779": "Again, thinking about across the country", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00258-00065779-00066031": "there are places where they're able to,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00259-00066031-00066238": "or they're cutting and leaving in the field to dry.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00260-00066238-00066423": "Definitely not something we can do in Alabama.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00261-00066423-00066700": "But there a lot of different options out there", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00262-00066700-00066841": "and people are just coming to try to", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00263-00066841-00067011": "figure out which one's gonna work best.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00264-00067011-00067128": "Some of our surrounding states", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00265-00067128-00067480": "have been able to kinda adapt to that fairly quickly,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00266-00067480-00067701": "because they were used to growing tobacco", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00267-00067701-00067903": "and they had the tobacco drying barns.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00268-00067903-00068041": "We don't have that.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00269-00068041-00068284": "So, you have to have a plan in place going into this.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00270-00068284-00068368": "What am I gonna do,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00271-00068368-00068680": "how am I gonna handle when we get to harvest and drying?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00272-00068825-00069083": "So, after we've gotten it out of the field,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00273-00069083-00069199": "what do we need to think about?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00274-00069199-00069426": "Well, we need to think it before we actually even plan.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00275-00069426-00069643": "But, once we get to the point", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00276-00069643-00069860": "where we have a crop to market,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00277-00069890-00070040": "it's very difficult.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00278-00070062-00070156": "There's no standardized market.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00279-00070157-00070479": "There's no readily available information.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00280-00070479-00070768": "If you look on USDA NASS,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00281-00070768-00070912": "where we get a lot of our statistics", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00282-00070912-00071085": "and we can see some of our prices.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00283-00071085-00071210": "There's just not a lot out there,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00284-00071210-00071376": "because it is a new market.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00285-00071376-00071599": "So it's very difficult to know", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00286-00071599-00071758": "exactly what those prices are gonna run", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00287-00071758-00072081": "for retail versus wholesale.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00288-00072081-00072443": "And then not just on the pricing", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00289-00072443-00072922": "of where am I getting my information from on the market?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00290-00072922-00073155": "But then, processors.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00291-00073155-00073382": "We have very few processors in the state.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00292-00073382-00073525": "There are several that are", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00293-00073525-00073716": "supposed to be online for this year.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00294-00073837-00074071": "I don't know the capacity of all of these markets.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00295-00074071-00074324": "I don't know any kind of restrictions they'll have", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00296-00074324-00074584": "for any of the growers that they're gonna work with.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00297-00074671-00074934": "And as the prices continue to fluctuate,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00298-00074934-00075258": "it's very difficult to know at what point", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00299-00075258-00075431": "do I need to sign a contract,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00300-00075431-00075558": "if you can sign a contract.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00301-00075558-00075679": "And a lot of processors are not", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00302-00075679-00075918": "gonna do contracts going into 2020.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00303-00075918-00076330": "Just because of the issues they had for 2019.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00304-00076330-00076438": "And then, competition.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00305-00076438-00076641": "Remember, we are competing against", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00306-00076641-00076835": "a lot of other states that have had", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00307-00076835-00077124": "production for several years since 2014.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00308-00077124-00077297": "They've had the trial and error years.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00309-00077297-00077534": "We're competing against those growers.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00310-00077534-00077732": "And then if you're small acreage,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00311-00077732-00077926": "it's gonna be even more difficult", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00312-00077926-00078234": "to contract with processors who may have", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00313-00078360-00078741": "limits on how small of a grower they'll work with.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00314-00078741-00079241": "Because if they can get a large majority of what they need,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00315-00079242-00079590": "a lot of their supply from several larger operations,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00316-00079590-00079796": "then it may be in their best interest", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00317-00079796-00079961": "to go with those larger operations,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00318-00079961-00080318": "as opposed to a number of smaller growers.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00319-00080318-00080507": "So, finding who you're gonna market through,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00320-00080507-00080721": "what's your marketing plan for hemp?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00321-00080721-00081031": "If you have that in place before you ever plant,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00322-00081031-00081394": "its gonna be important going into harvest", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00323-00081394-00081646": "that you have a marketing strategy figured out.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00324-00081904-00082113": "I think every time we have a meeting", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00325-00082113-00082247": "we talk about financial risk.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00326-00082247-00082475": "And this is something that all of us say,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00327-00082475-00082705": "just because it is such a high risk", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00328-00082705-00082976": "and there are a lot of unknowns in industrial hemp.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00329-00082976-00083182": "I don't wanna discourage anyone from growing,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00330-00083182-00083361": "but we also want you to understand", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00331-00083361-00083613": "what kind of financial risk this is.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00332-00083613-00083998": "It is quite expensive for each acre you establish", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00333-00083998-00084344": "so we always encourage anybody", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00334-00084344-00084537": "who is thinking about growing hemp", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00335-00084537-00084931": "to not invest more than they're willing to walk away from.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00336-00084931-00085127": "If it's gonna cost you", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00337-00085127-00085354": "$13,000 dollars an acre to establish this,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00338-00085354-00085626": "yes, there's a risk that you could", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00339-00085626-00085869": "walk away having lost $13,000 dollars.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00340-00085869-00086130": "So, we don't want anyone taking everything they have", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00341-00086130-00086387": "and investing in this and losing out.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00342-00086387-00086698": "Because the market is not stable,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00343-00086698-00087004": "or for whatever reason you're not able to recoup your money.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00344-00087004-00087133": "Just want everyone to be aware", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00345-00087133-00087372": "that there are a lot of financial risk in this.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00346-00087372-00087509": "And it is an investment cost,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00347-00087509-00087645": "a huge investment cost.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00348-00087752-00088157": "Again, 2018 Farm Bill addressed this,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00349-00088157-00088360": "opening up lines of credit through banks.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00350-00088360-00088561": "But private banks have to be willing", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00351-00088561-00088772": "to give those loans of credit.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00352-00088772-00088994": "Hopefully we'll see that.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00353-00088994-00089292": "Who knows if we'll see that any time soon.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00354-00089292-00089678": "Again, some of the insurance is in place", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00355-00089678-00089929": "but it's not a complete protection.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00356-00089929-00090316": "Most of the insurance that's gonna be available", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00357-00090316-00090545": "will not cover if you test hot,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00358-00090545-00090697": "if you go above that .3 level", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00359-00090697-00090894": "you'll probably not have any payments", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00360-00090894-00091140": "from any of your crop insurances that are available.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00361-00091140-00091493": "So, there are some restrictions on the insurance.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00362-00091493-00091813": "It does give you some level of protection", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00363-00091813-00091980": "but it's not gonna completely protect", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00364-00091980-00092180": "everything that you've invested in this.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00365-00092282-00092452": "Then you have to think about the legal side of this.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00366-00092452-00092590": "I read something this morning that said", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00367-00092590-00092868": "there were a lot of issues with the FDATA fields.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00368-00093022-00093422": "So, there's gonna be a lot of", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00369-00093422-00093922": "legal and human risk on this crop.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00370-00093923-00094213": "It's just not like any other commodity we've planted before.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00371-00094213-00094399": "We do advise people,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00372-00094399-00094534": "if you enter into a contract,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00373-00094534-00094741": "which they may be very difficult to get,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00374-00094741-00095104": "but if you do make sure you have legal counsel", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00375-00095104-00095348": "on how those contracts are set up", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00376-00095348-00095604": "so that you're protecting yourself.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00377-00095604-00095823": "There's some issues with regulatory changes,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00378-00095823-00096150": "what are those gonna look like if the FDA regulates CBD?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00379-00096150-00096448": "Right now, there's not a regulation on it", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00380-00096448-00096745": "but we know that there is one prescription drug", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00381-00096745-00096879": "that contains CBD,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00382-00096879-00097094": "does that mean the FDA will get involved", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00383-00097094-00097325": "and regulate this to any degree?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00384-00097325-00097504": "We're not sure, but it's a potential there.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00385-00097504-00097797": "Like I said, on the human side of this,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00386-00097797-00098297": "theft could be a potential major issue", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00387-00098337-00098474": "depending on where you are,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00388-00098474-00098633": "how close you are to roads.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00389-00098782-00099282": "So yes, dealing with other people coming into your field", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00390-00099314-00099406": "could be a major problem.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00391-00099406-00099641": "Not only is it gonna be an issue,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00392-00099641-00099909": "but if you have to invest in some kind of security,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00393-00099909-00100061": "it's just gonna increase your", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00394-00100061-00100330": "investment cost into this crop.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00395-00100330-00100493": "So, that main thing,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00396-00100493-00100660": "what's our economic payoff", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00397-00100660-00100881": "from growing industrial hemp?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00398-00100881-00101118": "Now, this is a very difficult topic to get into", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00399-00101118-00101236": "just because month over month", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00400-00101236-00101566": "that CBD price continues to drop.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00401-00101566-00101846": "Now, it's very difficult to predict", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00402-00101846-00102005": "when that price is gonna kind of", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00403-00102005-00102310": "slow down on the decline", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00404-00102310-00102547": "or kind of level out.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00405-00102547-00102787": "Will it level out if we get processors in place?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00406-00102788-00103398": "Will there be a continued demand for CBD on the consumers?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00407-00103580-00103833": "The main thing when you're looking at a budget,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00408-00103833-00104113": "the budget is just there as kind of an estimate.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00409-00104113-00104264": "It's kind of a guideline.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00410-00104264-00104549": "It's gonna be something that you need to adjust", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00411-00104549-00104880": "for your individual operation.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00412-00104880-00105164": "So, the numbers I show are gonna be just estimates.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00413-00105164-00105608": "You will need to go in and adjust those for your operation.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00414-00105608-00105760": "So, when we talk about a budget", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00415-00105760-00105892": "we look at variable cost,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00416-00105892-00106097": "and you can see at the top of this", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00417-00106097-00106490": "variable costs are like $13,000 dollars.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00418-00106490-00106667": "We kind of separate for a budget,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00419-00106667-00106860": "we look at variable cost versus fixed cost.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00420-00106860-00107061": "Your variable costs are all the costs", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00421-00107061-00107447": "that you actually spend money to establish that crop.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00422-00107447-00107882": "So your seedlings, your fertilizer,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00423-00108034-00108351": "anything you pay to have planted", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00424-00108351-00108546": "and harvested as far as labor.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00425-00108546-00108683": "Those are all your variable costs.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00426-00108683-00108833": "And then your fixed costs are those costs", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00427-00108833-00108950": "that you're gonna have to pay,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00428-00108950-00109150": "regardless of if you plant or not.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00429-00109150-00109351": "So if you've already bought a tractor,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00430-00109351-00109615": "and then you decide not to plant,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00431-00109615-00109801": "then you still have those tractor payments.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00432-00109801-00109958": "Those kinds of costs are your fixed costs.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00433-00109958-00110248": "So, you can see the majority of the costs for this", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00434-00110248-00110433": "are gonna fall under variable cost.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00435-00110433-00110750": "But then, just to think about those fixed costs,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00436-00110750-00110964": "I will say this now,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00437-00111014-00111514": "the budgets are available on our website at aces.edu.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00438-00111528-00111794": "You can go there and go into farming", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00439-00111795-00112080": "and you should be able to find those budgets for hemp.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00440-00112080-00112538": "It's available as a PDF as well as a spreadsheet,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00441-00112538-00112771": "then that spreadsheet is adjustable", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00442-00112771-00112957": "so that you can change those numbers", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00443-00112957-00113107": "to reflect your operation.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00444-00113205-00113347": "So, what are our returns?", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00445-00113347-00113468": "When we look at our returns", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00446-00113468-00113743": "we typically look at our returns above variable cost.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00447-00113743-00113884": "Just because the majority of your costs", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00448-00113884-00114074": "are associated with your variable cost.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00449-00114074-00114350": "The last time I looked at these budgets", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00450-00114350-00114456": "and adjusted numbers,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00451-00114456-00114956": "kind of our average number was $1.75 per pound.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00452-00115074-00115360": "And, if you look at this table", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00453-00115360-00115665": "you can kinda see where those returns are.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00454-00115665-00115947": "If you're aiming for average of $1.75", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00455-00115947-00116370": "with 1,350 pounds per acre.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00456-00116370-00116650": "Then you're clearing about $5,000 dollars.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00457-00116650-00116979": "Now, this was in December when I adjusted the budgets.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00458-00116979-00117195": "Now we have already seen that price,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00459-00117195-00117316": "your average price.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00460-00117316-00117476": "The last time I looked at prices", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00461-00117565-00117803": "it had adjusted to about a dollar per pound.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00462-00117803-00118303": "So that's based on percent of CBD content.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00463-00118316-00118455": "So, you can kinda see where,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00464-00118455-00118657": "yes, there's money to be made.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00465-00118657-00118830": "But as those prices continue to drop,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00466-00118830-00119049": "then your returns above what you're spending", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00467-00119049-00119156": "get less and less.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00468-00119241-00119534": "There's a lot of expenses associated with this.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00469-00119534-00119693": "Your major ones are gonna be your transplants,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00470-00119693-00119839": "or your seedling cost,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00471-00119839-00119922": "and then your labor.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00472-00119922-00120098": "It is extremely labor intensive", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00473-00120098-00120247": "and so you have to have,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00474-00120247-00120565": "make sure that you have labor available", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00475-00120565-00120771": "to you to get this through planting,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00476-00120771-00121118": "through the production time and through harvest.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00477-00121118-00121416": "And then irrigation costs, drying costs.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00478-00121416-00121627": "Which are gonna depend on how you have that system set up.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00479-00121627-00121909": "And then licensing fees and all that", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00480-00121909-00122382": "are gonna add up to what costs you're gonna incur.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00481-00122382-00122564": "Like I said before,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00482-00122564-00122837": "we have limited research", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00483-00122837-00123124": "and in 2020 we'll have more research", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00484-00123124-00123313": "within the state specific.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00485-00123313-00123546": "But until then I do urge you", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00486-00123546-00123742": "to visit some of the Extension websites", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00487-00123742-00123967": "from surrounding states.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00488-00123967-00124406": "Kentucky is a very good resource as is Clemson.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00489-00124406-00124728": "We don't have NC state's website up here", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00490-00124728-00124860": "but it is also a good resource.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00491-00124860-00125186": "Again, remember though these are gonna be state specific.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00492-00125186-00125346": "And so not all of this information", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00493-00125346-00125658": "is going to really translate to the same performance", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00494-00125658-00125924": "as it would for those states.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00495-00125924-00126221": "So, strain advice and yields", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00496-00126221-00126686": "are probably not gonna work exactly the same for Alabama.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00497-00126686-00126959": "But those are good resources to start with.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00498-00126959-00127096": "So that's what I've got.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00499-00127096-00127216": "Feel free to email me,", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00500-00127216-00127486": "call me if you have any information, any questions.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00501-00127486-00127680": "I'll be happy to help.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00502-00127680-00127828": "Again, do a lot of research.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00503-00127828-00127913": "Do a lot of homework.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00504-00127913-00128096": "It is a huge investment", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00505-00128096-00128252": "and we want to make sure", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00506-00128252-00128458": "that everybody who's planning gets into this", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00507-00128458-00128680": "and they're successful with it.", "9xn9JdBzfDQ-00508-00128680-00128765": "So, thank you."}}, {"audio_id": "9xaINLNr0IU", "text": {"9xaINLNr0IU-00000-00000010-00000510": "WE WILL SHO", "9xaINLNr0IU-00001-00000510-00000517": "WE WILL SHO", "9xaINLNr0IU-00002-00000517-00000727": "WE WILL SHO >>> THE WAIT IS FINALLY OVER.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00003-00000727-00000734": "WE WILL SHO >>> THE WAIT IS FINALLY OVER.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00004-00000734-00000837": "WE WILL SHO >>> THE WAIT IS FINALLY OVER. IT'S TIME FOR THE HIGH SCHOOL", "9xaINLNr0IU-00005-00000837-00000844": ">>> THE WAIT IS FINALLY OVER. IT'S TIME FOR THE HIGH SCHOOL", "9xaINLNr0IU-00006-00000844-00000900": ">>> THE WAIT IS FINALLY OVER. IT'S TIME FOR THE HIGH SCHOOL GIRL'S BASKETBALL STATE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00007-00000900-00000907": "IT'S TIME FOR THE HIGH SCHOOL GIRL'S BASKETBALL STATE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00008-00000907-00001004": "IT'S TIME FOR THE HIGH SCHOOL GIRL'S BASKETBALL STATE  TOURNAMENT.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00009-00001004-00001011": "GIRL'S BASKETBALL STATE  TOURNAMENT.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00010-00001011-00001077": "GIRL'S BASKETBALL STATE  TOURNAMENT. AND IN CLASS 3-A GRAND RAPIDS IS", "9xaINLNr0IU-00011-00001077-00001084": "TOURNAMENT. AND IN CLASS 3-A GRAND RAPIDS IS", "9xaINLNr0IU-00012-00001084-00001147": "TOURNAMENT. AND IN CLASS 3-A GRAND RAPIDS IS BACK FOR THE THIRD STRAIGHT", "9xaINLNr0IU-00013-00001147-00001154": "AND IN CLASS 3-A GRAND RAPIDS IS BACK FOR THE THIRD STRAIGHT", "9xaINLNr0IU-00014-00001154-00001224": "AND IN CLASS 3-A GRAND RAPIDS IS BACK FOR THE THIRD STRAIGHT  SEASON, BUT LOOKING TO END THEIR", "9xaINLNr0IU-00015-00001224-00001231": "BACK FOR THE THIRD STRAIGHT  SEASON, BUT LOOKING TO END THEIR", "9xaINLNr0IU-00016-00001231-00001284": "BACK FOR THE THIRD STRAIGHT  SEASON, BUT LOOKING TO END THEIR STREAK OF QUARTERFINAL", "9xaINLNr0IU-00017-00001284-00001291": "SEASON, BUT LOOKING TO END THEIR STREAK OF QUARTERFINAL", "9xaINLNr0IU-00018-00001291-00001371": "SEASON, BUT LOOKING TO END THEIR STREAK OF QUARTERFINAL LOSSES.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00019-00001371-00001378": "STREAK OF QUARTERFINAL LOSSES.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00020-00001378-00001594": "STREAK OF QUARTERFINAL LOSSES. ON THE OTHER BENCH TONIGHT,", "9xaINLNr0IU-00021-00001594-00001601": "LOSSES. ON THE OTHER BENCH TONIGHT,", "9xaINLNr0IU-00022-00001601-00001668": "LOSSES. ON THE OTHER BENCH TONIGHT,  THE THIRD SEEDED ACADEMY OF HOLY", "9xaINLNr0IU-00023-00001668-00001674": "ON THE OTHER BENCH TONIGHT,  THE THIRD SEEDED ACADEMY OF HOLY", "9xaINLNr0IU-00024-00001674-00001751": "ON THE OTHER BENCH TONIGHT,  THE THIRD SEEDED ACADEMY OF HOLY ANGELS.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00025-00001751-00001758": "THE THIRD SEEDED ACADEMY OF HOLY ANGELS.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00026-00001758-00001851": "THE THIRD SEEDED ACADEMY OF HOLY ANGELS. TO THE BARN WE GO FOR SOME", "9xaINLNr0IU-00027-00001851-00001858": "ANGELS. TO THE BARN WE GO FOR SOME", "9xaINLNr0IU-00028-00001858-00002015": "ANGELS. TO THE BARN WE GO FOR SOME  QUARTERFINAL ACTION.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00029-00002015-00002022": "TO THE BARN WE GO FOR SOME  QUARTERFINAL ACTION.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00030-00002022-00002218": "TO THE BARN WE GO FOR SOME  QUARTERFINAL ACTION. AND WHAT AN EXCITING FIRST HALF,", "9xaINLNr0IU-00031-00002218-00002225": "QUARTERFINAL ACTION. AND WHAT AN EXCITING FIRST HALF,", "9xaINLNr0IU-00032-00002225-00002389": "QUARTERFINAL ACTION. AND WHAT AN EXCITING FIRST HALF, BACK AND FORTH.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00033-00002389-00002395": "AND WHAT AN EXCITING FIRST HALF, BACK AND FORTH.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00034-00002395-00002595": "AND WHAT AN EXCITING FIRST HALF, BACK AND FORTH. HEAVEN HAMLING MISSES, BUT KEARA", "9xaINLNr0IU-00035-00002595-00002602": "BACK AND FORTH. HEAVEN HAMLING MISSES, BUT KEARA", "9xaINLNr0IU-00036-00002602-00002859": "BACK AND FORTH. HEAVEN HAMLING MISSES, BUT KEARA BEACHLEY THEIR FOR THE REBOUND", "9xaINLNr0IU-00037-00002859-00002866": "HEAVEN HAMLING MISSES, BUT KEARA BEACHLEY THEIR FOR THE REBOUND", "9xaINLNr0IU-00038-00002866-00002972": "HEAVEN HAMLING MISSES, BUT KEARA BEACHLEY THEIR FOR THE REBOUND  AND PUTBACK.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00039-00002972-00002979": "BEACHLEY THEIR FOR THE REBOUND  AND PUTBACK.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00040-00002979-00003046": "BEACHLEY THEIR FOR THE REBOUND  AND PUTBACK. THEN LATER HAMLING DRIVES, FINDS", "9xaINLNr0IU-00041-00003046-00003053": "AND PUTBACK. THEN LATER HAMLING DRIVES, FINDS", "9xaINLNr0IU-00042-00003053-00003176": "AND PUTBACK. THEN LATER HAMLING DRIVES, FINDS LIBERTY BLAINE IN THE CORNER FOR", "9xaINLNr0IU-00043-00003176-00003183": "THEN LATER HAMLING DRIVES, FINDS LIBERTY BLAINE IN THE CORNER FOR", "9xaINLNr0IU-00044-00003183-00003343": "THEN LATER HAMLING DRIVES, FINDS LIBERTY BLAINE IN THE CORNER FOR THREE, SPLASH.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00045-00003343-00003350": "LIBERTY BLAINE IN THE CORNER FOR THREE, SPLASH.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00046-00003350-00003560": "LIBERTY BLAINE IN THE CORNER FOR THREE, SPLASH. THUNDERHAWKS GO UP BY ONE.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00047-00003560-00003566": "THREE, SPLASH. THUNDERHAWKS GO UP BY ONE.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00048-00003566-00003710": "THREE, SPLASH. THUNDERHAWKS GO UP BY ONE. THEY WENT ON A NICE LITTLE RUN", "9xaINLNr0IU-00049-00003710-00003717": "THUNDERHAWKS GO UP BY ONE. THEY WENT ON A NICE LITTLE RUN", "9xaINLNr0IU-00050-00003717-00003880": "THUNDERHAWKS GO UP BY ONE. THEY WENT ON A NICE LITTLE RUN  BEFORE THE BREAK TO GO", "9xaINLNr0IU-00051-00003880-00003887": "THEY WENT ON A NICE LITTLE RUN  BEFORE THE BREAK TO GO", "9xaINLNr0IU-00052-00003887-00004150": "THEY WENT ON A NICE LITTLE RUN  BEFORE THE BREAK TO GO AHEAD, MAGGIE MISKA THE LAYIN.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00053-00004150-00004157": "BEFORE THE BREAK TO GO AHEAD, MAGGIE MISKA THE LAYIN.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00054-00004157-00004467": "BEFORE THE BREAK TO GO AHEAD, MAGGIE MISKA THE LAYIN. 32-28 AT THE HALF.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00055-00004467-00004474": "AHEAD, MAGGIE MISKA THE LAYIN. 32-28 AT THE HALF.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00056-00004474-00004831": "AHEAD, MAGGIE MISKA THE LAYIN. 32-28 AT THE HALF. THEN HAMLING STARTED TO GET", "9xaINLNr0IU-00057-00004831-00004838": "32-28 AT THE HALF. THEN HAMLING STARTED TO GET", "9xaINLNr0IU-00058-00004838-00005028": "32-28 AT THE HALF. THEN HAMLING STARTED TO GET  GOING IN THE SECOND, BURIES THE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00059-00005028-00005035": "THEN HAMLING STARTED TO GET  GOING IN THE SECOND, BURIES THE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00060-00005035-00005128": "THEN HAMLING STARTED TO GET  GOING IN THE SECOND, BURIES THE TRIPLE HERE, LEADS THE WAY WITH", "9xaINLNr0IU-00061-00005128-00005135": "GOING IN THE SECOND, BURIES THE TRIPLE HERE, LEADS THE WAY WITH", "9xaINLNr0IU-00062-00005135-00005241": "GOING IN THE SECOND, BURIES THE TRIPLE HERE, LEADS THE WAY WITH  18 FOR RAPIDS.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00063-00005241-00005248": "TRIPLE HERE, LEADS THE WAY WITH  18 FOR RAPIDS.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00064-00005248-00005318": "TRIPLE HERE, LEADS THE WAY WITH  18 FOR RAPIDS. ALSO A BIG NIGHT FOR THE JUNIOR", "9xaINLNr0IU-00065-00005318-00005325": "18 FOR RAPIDS. ALSO A BIG NIGHT FOR THE JUNIOR", "9xaINLNr0IU-00066-00005325-00005455": "18 FOR RAPIDS. ALSO A BIG NIGHT FOR THE JUNIOR  BEACHLEY, SPOTS UP IN THE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00067-00005455-00005462": "ALSO A BIG NIGHT FOR THE JUNIOR  BEACHLEY, SPOTS UP IN THE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00068-00005462-00005555": "ALSO A BIG NIGHT FOR THE JUNIOR  BEACHLEY, SPOTS UP IN THE CORNER AND KNOCKS DOWN THE J.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00069-00005555-00005562": "BEACHLEY, SPOTS UP IN THE CORNER AND KNOCKS DOWN THE J.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00070-00005562-00005658": "BEACHLEY, SPOTS UP IN THE CORNER AND KNOCKS DOWN THE J. THE LEAD GETS UP TO DOUBLE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00071-00005658-00005665": "CORNER AND KNOCKS DOWN THE J. THE LEAD GETS UP TO DOUBLE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00072-00005665-00005822": "CORNER AND KNOCKS DOWN THE J. THE LEAD GETS UP TO DOUBLE FIGURES.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00073-00005822-00005829": "THE LEAD GETS UP TO DOUBLE FIGURES.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00074-00005829-00006142": "THE LEAD GETS UP TO DOUBLE FIGURES. THEN MORE FROM BEACHLEY LATER,", "9xaINLNr0IU-00075-00006142-00006149": "FIGURES. THEN MORE FROM BEACHLEY LATER,", "9xaINLNr0IU-00076-00006149-00006252": "FIGURES. THEN MORE FROM BEACHLEY LATER,  ANOTHER FEED FROM HAMLING DOWN", "9xaINLNr0IU-00077-00006252-00006259": "THEN MORE FROM BEACHLEY LATER,  ANOTHER FEED FROM HAMLING DOWN", "9xaINLNr0IU-00078-00006259-00006349": "THEN MORE FROM BEACHLEY LATER,  ANOTHER FEED FROM HAMLING DOWN LOW FOR TWO MORE, 17 POINTS AND", "9xaINLNr0IU-00079-00006349-00006356": "ANOTHER FEED FROM HAMLING DOWN LOW FOR TWO MORE, 17 POINTS AND", "9xaINLNr0IU-00080-00006356-00006513": "ANOTHER FEED FROM HAMLING DOWN LOW FOR TWO MORE, 17 POINTS AND  11 BOARDS.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00081-00006513-00006519": "LOW FOR TWO MORE, 17 POINTS AND  11 BOARDS.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00082-00006519-00006730": "LOW FOR TWO MORE, 17 POINTS AND  11 BOARDS. THE STREAK IS FINALLY OVER.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00083-00006730-00006736": "11 BOARDS. THE STREAK IS FINALLY OVER.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00084-00006736-00006850": "11 BOARDS. THE STREAK IS FINALLY OVER. THUNDERHAWKS PUT ALL FIVE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00085-00006850-00006856": "THE STREAK IS FINALLY OVER. THUNDERHAWKS PUT ALL FIVE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00086-00006856-00007110": "THE STREAK IS FINALLY OVER. THUNDERHAWKS PUT ALL FIVE  STARTERS IN DOUBLE FIGURES.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00087-00007110-00007117": "THUNDERHAWKS PUT ALL FIVE  STARTERS IN DOUBLE FIGURES.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00088-00007117-00007273": "THUNDERHAWKS PUT ALL FIVE  STARTERS IN DOUBLE FIGURES. THEY WIN 75-60.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00089-00007273-00007280": "STARTERS IN DOUBLE FIGURES. THEY WIN 75-60.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00090-00007280-00007480": "STARTERS IN DOUBLE FIGURES. THEY WIN 75-60. FOR MORE ON THE VICTORY, HERE'S", "9xaINLNr0IU-00091-00007480-00007487": "THEY WIN 75-60. FOR MORE ON THE VICTORY, HERE'S", "9xaINLNr0IU-00092-00007487-00007697": "THEY WIN 75-60. FOR MORE ON THE VICTORY, HERE'S  CLAYTON CASTLE AT WILLIAMS", "9xaINLNr0IU-00093-00007697-00007704": "FOR MORE ON THE VICTORY, HERE'S  CLAYTON CASTLE AT WILLIAMS", "9xaINLNr0IU-00094-00007704-00007757": "FOR MORE ON THE VICTORY, HERE'S  CLAYTON CASTLE AT WILLIAMS  ARENA.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00095-00007757-00007764": "CLAYTON CASTLE AT WILLIAMS  ARENA.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00096-00007764-00007924": "CLAYTON CASTLE AT WILLIAMS  ARENA. >> THE THIRD TIME IS THE CHARM", "9xaINLNr0IU-00097-00007924-00007931": "ARENA. >> THE THIRD TIME IS THE CHARM", "9xaINLNr0IU-00098-00007931-00008128": "ARENA. >> THE THIRD TIME IS THE CHARM  FOR THE GRAND RAPIDS AS THEY", "9xaINLNr0IU-00099-00008128-00008134": ">> THE THIRD TIME IS THE CHARM  FOR THE GRAND RAPIDS AS THEY", "9xaINLNr0IU-00100-00008134-00008294": ">> THE THIRD TIME IS THE CHARM  FOR THE GRAND RAPIDS AS THEY  FINALLY MOVE INTO THE CLASS 3 A", "9xaINLNr0IU-00101-00008294-00008301": "FOR THE GRAND RAPIDS AS THEY  FINALLY MOVE INTO THE CLASS 3 A", "9xaINLNr0IU-00102-00008301-00008581": "FOR THE GRAND RAPIDS AS THEY  FINALLY MOVE INTO THE CLASS 3 A  SEMIFINALS AFTER AN UPSET 75-60", "9xaINLNr0IU-00103-00008581-00008588": "FINALLY MOVE INTO THE CLASS 3 A  SEMIFINALS AFTER AN UPSET 75-60", "9xaINLNr0IU-00104-00008588-00008732": "FINALLY MOVE INTO THE CLASS 3 A  SEMIFINALS AFTER AN UPSET 75-60  OVER THIRD SEEDED ACADEMY OF", "9xaINLNr0IU-00105-00008732-00008738": "SEMIFINALS AFTER AN UPSET 75-60  OVER THIRD SEEDED ACADEMY OF", "9xaINLNr0IU-00106-00008738-00008915": "SEMIFINALS AFTER AN UPSET 75-60  OVER THIRD SEEDED ACADEMY OF  HOLY ANGELS HERE AT WILLIAMS", "9xaINLNr0IU-00107-00008915-00008922": "OVER THIRD SEEDED ACADEMY OF  HOLY ANGELS HERE AT WILLIAMS", "9xaINLNr0IU-00108-00008922-00008945": "OVER THIRD SEEDED ACADEMY OF  HOLY ANGELS HERE AT WILLIAMS  ARENA.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00109-00008945-00008952": "HOLY ANGELS HERE AT WILLIAMS  ARENA.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00110-00008952-00009119": "HOLY ANGELS HERE AT WILLIAMS  ARENA. >> IT IS AMAZING, A GREAT", "9xaINLNr0IU-00111-00009119-00009125": "ARENA. >> IT IS AMAZING, A GREAT", "9xaINLNr0IU-00112-00009125-00009209": "ARENA. >> IT IS AMAZING, A GREAT  FEELING FOR US.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00113-00009209-00009215": ">> IT IS AMAZING, A GREAT  FEELING FOR US.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00114-00009215-00009355": ">> IT IS AMAZING, A GREAT  FEELING FOR US. WE'VE HAD LIKE THE FIRST YEAR WE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00115-00009355-00009362": "FEELING FOR US. WE'VE HAD LIKE THE FIRST YEAR WE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00116-00009362-00009489": "FEELING FOR US. WE'VE HAD LIKE THE FIRST YEAR WE WERE JUST HAPPY TO BE HERE.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00117-00009489-00009496": "WE'VE HAD LIKE THE FIRST YEAR WE WERE JUST HAPPY TO BE HERE.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00118-00009496-00009859": "WE'VE HAD LIKE THE FIRST YEAR WE WERE JUST HAPPY TO BE HERE. SECOND YEAR WE WANTED TO GET", "9xaINLNr0IU-00119-00009859-00009866": "WERE JUST HAPPY TO BE HERE. SECOND YEAR WE WANTED TO GET", "9xaINLNr0IU-00120-00009866-00009999": "WERE JUST HAPPY TO BE HERE. SECOND YEAR WE WANTED TO GET  PAST THAT FIRST, WE WERE ALMOST", "9xaINLNr0IU-00121-00009999-00010006": "SECOND YEAR WE WANTED TO GET  PAST THAT FIRST, WE WERE ALMOST", "9xaINLNr0IU-00122-00010006-00010033": "SECOND YEAR WE WANTED TO GET  PAST THAT FIRST, WE WERE ALMOST  THERE.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00123-00010033-00010040": "PAST THAT FIRST, WE WERE ALMOST  THERE.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00124-00010040-00010310": "PAST THAT FIRST, WE WERE ALMOST  THERE. LOST BY BUZZER BEATER.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00125-00010310-00010316": "THERE. LOST BY BUZZER BEATER.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00126-00010316-00010747": "THERE. LOST BY BUZZER BEATER. >> THE THUNDER HAWKS WON.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00127-00010747-00010754": "LOST BY BUZZER BEATER. >> THE THUNDER HAWKS WON.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00128-00010754-00010944": "LOST BY BUZZER BEATER. >> THE THUNDER HAWKS WON. >> MY TEAMMATES SCORED.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00129-00010944-00010950": ">> THE THUNDER HAWKS WON. >> MY TEAMMATES SCORED.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00130-00010950-00011067": ">> THE THUNDER HAWKS WON. >> MY TEAMMATES SCORED. IT DIDN'T MATTER IF I WAS", "9xaINLNr0IU-00131-00011067-00011074": ">> MY TEAMMATES SCORED. IT DIDN'T MATTER IF I WAS", "9xaINLNr0IU-00132-00011074-00011214": ">> MY TEAMMATES SCORED. IT DIDN'T MATTER IF I WAS  HITTING SHOTS OR DOING WHATEVER,", "9xaINLNr0IU-00133-00011214-00011221": "IT DIDN'T MATTER IF I WAS  HITTING SHOTS OR DOING WHATEVER,", "9xaINLNr0IU-00134-00011221-00011281": "IT DIDN'T MATTER IF I WAS  HITTING SHOTS OR DOING WHATEVER, THEY HAD MY BACK.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00135-00011281-00011287": "HITTING SHOTS OR DOING WHATEVER, THEY HAD MY BACK.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00136-00011287-00011661": "HITTING SHOTS OR DOING WHATEVER, THEY HAD MY BACK. AND WE SCORED.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00137-00011661-00011668": "THEY HAD MY BACK. AND WE SCORED.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00138-00011668-00011828": "THEY HAD MY BACK. AND WE SCORED. >> MEARA BEIGHLEY CONTRIBUTED", "9xaINLNr0IU-00139-00011828-00011835": "AND WE SCORED. >> MEARA BEIGHLEY CONTRIBUTED", "9xaINLNr0IU-00140-00011835-00012255": "AND WE SCORED. >> MEARA BEIGHLEY CONTRIBUTED  DOWN LOW AS WELL DESPITE BEING", "9xaINLNr0IU-00141-00012255-00012262": ">> MEARA BEIGHLEY CONTRIBUTED  DOWN LOW AS WELL DESPITE BEING", "9xaINLNr0IU-00142-00012262-00012295": ">> MEARA BEIGHLEY CONTRIBUTED  DOWN LOW AS WELL DESPITE BEING  UNDERSIZED.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00143-00012295-00012302": "DOWN LOW AS WELL DESPITE BEING  UNDERSIZED.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00144-00012302-00012382": "DOWN LOW AS WELL DESPITE BEING  UNDERSIZED. >> IT DOESN'T MATTER.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00145-00012382-00012389": "UNDERSIZED. >> IT DOESN'T MATTER.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00146-00012389-00012572": "UNDERSIZED. >> IT DOESN'T MATTER. I KNEW WHAT I NEEDED TO DO, TAKE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00147-00012572-00012579": ">> IT DOESN'T MATTER. I KNEW WHAT I NEEDED TO DO, TAKE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00148-00012579-00012655": ">> IT DOESN'T MATTER. I KNEW WHAT I NEEDED TO DO, TAKE THEM OUT OF THE GAME.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00149-00012655-00012662": "I KNEW WHAT I NEEDED TO DO, TAKE THEM OUT OF THE GAME.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00150-00012662-00012792": "I KNEW WHAT I NEEDED TO DO, TAKE THEM OUT OF THE GAME. >> THE DIFFERENCE MAKER IN THE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00151-00012792-00012799": "THEM OUT OF THE GAME. >> THE DIFFERENCE MAKER IN THE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00152-00012799-00012906": "THEM OUT OF THE GAME. >> THE DIFFERENCE MAKER IN THE  GAME THOUGH WAS THE SPEED AND", "9xaINLNr0IU-00153-00012906-00012912": ">> THE DIFFERENCE MAKER IN THE  GAME THOUGH WAS THE SPEED AND", "9xaINLNr0IU-00154-00012912-00013063": ">> THE DIFFERENCE MAKER IN THE  GAME THOUGH WAS THE SPEED AND  THAT'S SOMETHING THAT THE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00155-00013063-00013069": "GAME THOUGH WAS THE SPEED AND  THAT'S SOMETHING THAT THE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00156-00013069-00013206": "GAME THOUGH WAS THE SPEED AND  THAT'S SOMETHING THAT THE  THUNDER HAWKS TAKE PRIDE IN.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00157-00013206-00013213": "THAT'S SOMETHING THAT THE  THUNDER HAWKS TAKE PRIDE IN.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00158-00013213-00013329": "THAT'S SOMETHING THAT THE  THUNDER HAWKS TAKE PRIDE IN. >> WE LIKE TO RUN THE FLOOR.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00159-00013329-00013336": "THUNDER HAWKS TAKE PRIDE IN. >> WE LIKE TO RUN THE FLOOR.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00160-00013336-00013473": "THUNDER HAWKS TAKE PRIDE IN. >> WE LIKE TO RUN THE FLOOR. I THREW A COUPLE AWAY.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00161-00013473-00013480": ">> WE LIKE TO RUN THE FLOOR. I THREW A COUPLE AWAY.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00162-00013480-00013573": ">> WE LIKE TO RUN THE FLOOR. I THREW A COUPLE AWAY. I PROBABLY SHOULD HAVE PULLED", "9xaINLNr0IU-00163-00013573-00013580": "I THREW A COUPLE AWAY. I PROBABLY SHOULD HAVE PULLED", "9xaINLNr0IU-00164-00013580-00013700": "I THREW A COUPLE AWAY. I PROBABLY SHOULD HAVE PULLED  BACK.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00165-00013700-00013707": "I PROBABLY SHOULD HAVE PULLED  BACK.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00166-00013707-00013880": "I PROBABLY SHOULD HAVE PULLED  BACK. WE REALLY ENJOY DOING THAT AND", "9xaINLNr0IU-00167-00013880-00013887": "BACK. WE REALLY ENJOY DOING THAT AND", "9xaINLNr0IU-00168-00013887-00013953": "BACK. WE REALLY ENJOY DOING THAT AND  HELPS US WIN.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00169-00013953-00013960": "WE REALLY ENJOY DOING THAT AND  HELPS US WIN.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00170-00013960-00014244": "WE REALLY ENJOY DOING THAT AND  HELPS US WIN. >> AWAITING GRAND RAPIDS IN THE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00171-00014244-00014250": "HELPS US WIN. >> AWAITING GRAND RAPIDS IN THE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00172-00014250-00014367": "HELPS US WIN. >> AWAITING GRAND RAPIDS IN THE  SEMIFINALS WILL BE THE TWO SEED", "9xaINLNr0IU-00173-00014367-00014374": ">> AWAITING GRAND RAPIDS IN THE  SEMIFINALS WILL BE THE TWO SEED", "9xaINLNr0IU-00174-00014374-00014467": ">> AWAITING GRAND RAPIDS IN THE  SEMIFINALS WILL BE THE TWO SEED  IN CLASS 3 A.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00175-00014467-00014474": "SEMIFINALS WILL BE THE TWO SEED  IN CLASS 3 A.", "9xaINLNr0IU-00176-00014474-00014768": "SEMIFINALS WILL BE THE TWO SEED  IN CLASS 3 A. THAT GAME IS AT 2 P.M. AT THE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00177-00014768-00014774": "IN CLASS 3 A. THAT GAME IS AT 2 P.M. AT THE", "9xaINLNr0IU-00178-00014774-00014814": "IN CLASS 3 A. THAT GAME IS AT 2 P.M. AT THE  TARGET CENTER TOMORROW."}}, {"audio_id": "9yo5aUliHeM", "text": {"9yo5aUliHeM-00000-00000608-00000903": "The summer fiesta of our Lady of the Rosary of Manaoag,", "9yo5aUliHeM-00001-00001040-00001960": "if it is an event, is guided by several guide posts. This is the fiesta of 2021,", "9yo5aUliHeM-00002-00002088-00002984": "500th anniversary of the first mass and the first baptism in our islands. This is the fiesta of our", "9yo5aUliHeM-00003-00002984-00003815": "Lady, on the occasion of the 800th anniversary of the Dies Natalis, of the death anniversary", "9yo5aUliHeM-00004-00003872-00004752": "of St. Dominic. This is the 50th anniversary of the Dominican province of the Philippines.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00005-00004920-00005960": "The 30th anniversary of the 2nd Plenary Council of the Philippines. And 2021 is the 95th anniversary", "9yo5aUliHeM-00006-00006048-00006568": "of the Canonical Coronation of the Image of Our Lady the Rosary of Manaoag,", "9yo5aUliHeM-00007-00006672-00007320": "even before the Diocese of Lingayen was established by Pope Pious X1.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00008-00007504-00008576": "These are guideposts to help us reflect on what is it that 2021 offers us, celebrating the Feast", "9yo5aUliHeM-00009-00008576-00009136": "of our Lady of Manaaoag. And the Gospel is the main guiding posting.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00010-00009368-00010064": "The gospel is important although some scripture scholars might have other opinons", "9yo5aUliHeM-00011-00010064-00010784": "about the historical value of the Gospel of The Finding in the Temple. Let us just look at it", "9yo5aUliHeM-00012-00010856-00011544": "as a prayer occasion and meditate on it in the light of Our Lady of the Rosary of Manaoag.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00013-00011816-00012552": "This Gospel is important because this is the first time words are attributed to the Lord Jesus.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00014-00012744-00013400": "And what were the first words of Jesus as it were to humanity and to the Dominican family.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00015-00013536-00014560": "The Lord asked Mary and Joseph: “Why were you looking for me?” Why were you looking for me? Why?", "9yo5aUliHeM-00016-00014704-00015184": "Are you afraid you lost me? Is that enough reason to look for me?", "9yo5aUliHeM-00017-00015328-00015928": "Why are you looking for me? You see my power. You have experienced my power", "9yo5aUliHeM-00018-00016000-00016624": "and you want to receive favors from your son. Why are you looking for me?", "9yo5aUliHeM-00019-00016776-00017352": "The implications, my dear brothers and sisters, is there is only one reason for looking for the Lord.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00020-00017488-00018248": "And it is not fear. It is not favor. There is only one reason for looking for the Lord", "9yo5aUliHeM-00021-00018328-00019024": "and it is love. That is why on the 800th anniversary of St. Dominic,", "9yo5aUliHeM-00022-00019136-00019784": "we are invited to reflect together the theme – A Table with St. Dominic.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00023-00019976-00021056": "At the desk we study. A table we eat. And we do not only eat like a fastfood arrangement. A table", "9yo5aUliHeM-00024-00021056-00021872": "– there is fellowship. A table – there is love. You don’t like to eat your meal with an enemy.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00025-00022032-00022664": "You don’t like to eat your meal with somebody who does not like you or whom you don’t like.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00026-00022816-00023440": "Eating at a table and breaking bread together presumes fellowship, presumes love.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00027-00023608-00024400": "And on the 800th anniversary of St. Dominics entry to heaven, the question is asked of", "9yo5aUliHeM-00028-00024400-00025112": "us – Why? Why are you looking for me? And the only reason, my dear brothers and sisters, is", "9yo5aUliHeM-00029-00025200-00025760": "because we have partaken of the same table. We have sat on the same table.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00030-00025816-00026352": "We have eaten from the same table and therefore, there is love amongst us.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00031-00026624-00027160": "The table for the meal cannot tolerate arrogance.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00032-00027392-00027960": "The table for the meal cannot tolerate self-serving motives and ambitions.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00033-00028072-00028848": "That’s why Judas had to leave because he could not share in the fellowship of love. Why are we", "9yo5aUliHeM-00034-00028848-00029648": "here? It is only because we love and we choose to love. And at the same table with St. Dominic,", "9yo5aUliHeM-00035-00029704-00030400": "we know that it is not only the table of Dominic that we partake of. We know that the table of St.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00036-00030400-00031288": "Dominic is also the table of the Lord. That is why we can be united because the table of St. Dominic", "9yo5aUliHeM-00037-00031288-00031944": "which gathers us together is actually not original because it is the table of the Lord Jesus.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00038-00032104-00032920": "Why are you looking for me? Because we have fallen in love. And the best way to show our love is to", "9yo5aUliHeM-00039-00032920-00033624": "serve. And at the table of St. Dominic, as we are invited to reflect on his 800th anniversary,", "9yo5aUliHeM-00040-00033704-00034472": "we are not only invited to sit. We are also invited to kneel down at the table and wash", "9yo5aUliHeM-00041-00034472-00035208": "one another’s feet, among those who are seated at the table. As the Lord did at the upper room,", "9yo5aUliHeM-00042-00035208-00036072": "it is not enough to eat. It is very important that we also wash one another’s feet. Because washing,", "9yo5aUliHeM-00043-00036072-00036944": "serving is the proof of loving. And when we are so busy serving one another, when we are so busy", "9yo5aUliHeM-00044-00037080-00037504": "washing one another’s feet, then we will not have time for gossip anymore.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00045-00037616-00038240": "If you are so busy washing one another’s feet, we will not have time to bloat our stomachs or", "9yo5aUliHeM-00046-00038240-00038968": "to fill up our pockets even more. We will not have time for gluttony. We will not have time", "9yo5aUliHeM-00047-00038968-00039552": "for avarice. We will not have time for unforgiveness because at the table with", "9yo5aUliHeM-00048-00039552-00040280": "St. Dominic, we are not only one in fellowship, we are also one in washing one another’s feet.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00049-00040456-00041336": "Why are you here? For only one reason. Love. Fellowship at the table with Dominic.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00050-00041536-00042184": "And then the Lord proceeded with the second question,", "9yo5aUliHeM-00051-00042336-00042824": "why were you looking for me? Did you not know I must be at my Father’s house?", "9yo5aUliHeM-00052-00043024-00043712": "Father’s house. Where is the Father’s house? The Father’s house is not a building.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00053-00043864-00044472": "The father’s house is where His will is done. Because we may be inside the church building,", "9yo5aUliHeM-00054-00044552-00045328": "but if we are disobedient, if we are hard-headed, if we cannot recognize authority, if we do not", "9yo5aUliHeM-00055-00045328-00045960": "know how to say yes even if we cannot understand, then it cannot be the house of the Lord.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00056-00046144-00047168": "That is why the Domican family puts a lot of primacy, puts a lot of value on obedience.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00057-00047400-00048112": "Because if you obey the commandments of God, how can you be idolatrous? If you obey the", "9yo5aUliHeM-00058-00048112-00048768": "commandments, how can you disrespect? If you obey the commandments, how can you kill? If", "9yo5aUliHeM-00059-00048768-00049304": "you’re obedient, how can you steal? If you’re obedient, how can you be adulterous and impure?", "9yo5aUliHeM-00060-00049376-00049880": "If you are obedient, how can you lie? If you are obedient, how can you covet?", "9yo5aUliHeM-00061-00050096-00050824": "Obedience is the source of all of these. And Dominic was right. Obey.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00062-00051016-00051344": "Just obey and the rest will follow.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00063-00051536-00052191": "Because we will not even be able to love if we do not know how to obey.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00064-00052472-00053304": "Where were you looking for me? The Father’s house is where the Father is obeyed. And where there is", "9yo5aUliHeM-00065-00053304-00054488": "obedience, God is there. God is not only where love is. God is also where His will is obeyed.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00066-00054696-00055455": "And the third question was left unexpressed. Mary and Joseph did not understand.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00067-00055632-00056648": "Mary treasured this in her heart. The question that Mary and Joseph wanted to ask is – How?", "9yo5aUliHeM-00068-00056816-00058055": "How can we find you and the answer of the Lord is - It is mystery. It is only by mystery, not by", "9yo5aUliHeM-00069-00058055-00058984": "analogy. It is only by mystery, not by argument. It is only by mystery, not by scientific research.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00070-00059040-00059632": "It is only by mystery. It is only faith in mystery that we can find the Lord.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00071-00059776-00060760": "That is why at his deathbed, when Dominic said to the brethren: Do not be anxious. Do not be afraid", "9yo5aUliHeM-00072-00060840-00061496": "because where I am going, I will be able to do more for you than what I have done here on earth.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00073-00061616-00062448": "Mysterious, prophetic words but they are true. Because after 800 years from the time of his last", "9yo5aUliHeM-00074-00062448-00063255": "breath, he continues to do wonders. More than what he had done during his lifetime here on earth.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00075-00063432-00064024": "Mystery. It is a mystery that after 2,000 years from the Lord’s ascension,", "9yo5aUliHeM-00076-00064079-00064767": "the Holy Spirit continues to guide us. It is a mystery that 800 years after his death,", "9yo5aUliHeM-00077-00064840-00065384": "when he assured us that he will be able to do more in heaven that what he has done", "9yo5aUliHeM-00078-00065384-00066056": "here on earth. It continues to ring true and it be true until the end of the ages.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00079-00066272-00066752": "The question, my dear brothers and sisters, that our Lady perhaps asks", "9yo5aUliHeM-00080-00066752-00067384": "you is that same question that Jesus asked at the finding in the temple.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00081-00067488-00067992": "Why are you looking for me? Why are you here?", "9yo5aUliHeM-00082-00068288-00069352": "Where are you looking for me? In the pilgrimage church? In a sanctuary? Look for me in an obedient", "9yo5aUliHeM-00083-00069352-00070288": "heart and let that obedient heart be your heart. How will you find me? You can only find", "9yo5aUliHeM-00084-00070288-00071176": "me through embracing a deep sense of mystery to understand that nothing can separate us from God.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00085-00071472-00071952": "I will be able to do in heaven more than what I have done here on earth.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00086-00072088-00072336": "I will be with you until the end of the ages", "9yo5aUliHeM-00087-00072488-00073096": "and the last words of the mother to all of us was – Do whatever he tells you.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00088-00073288-00074192": "Why are you here? Because I love you. Where are you looking for me? In my obedient heart.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00089-00074352-00075080": "How will you find me? By embracing and believing in the mystery of your presence.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00090-00075256-00075888": "St. Dominic, help us to obey. Our Lady of Manaoag, help us to love.", "9yo5aUliHeM-00091-00076000-00077184": "Help us to trust. Help us to keep our hearts pure so we may always find Jesus, your Son."}}, {"audio_id": "9z70k9sLLA8", "text": {"9z70k9sLLA8-00000-00000290-00000514": "Lead like you want to be led.", "9z70k9sLLA8-00001-00000802-00001104": "We know who the leaders are who set the best example", "9z70k9sLLA8-00002-00001104-00001534": "through their conduct, through their actions,  through their words the things that they do.", "9z70k9sLLA8-00003-00001534-00001998": "And I think all of us in that area need to up our game.", "9z70k9sLLA8-00004-00002248-00002770": "Leaders at all ranks must live and model the behavior we want our subordinates to emulate.", "9z70k9sLLA8-00005-00002770-00003120": "Our Marines want to be inspired.", "9z70k9sLLA8-00006-00003120-00003511": "They expect that our leadership  will be admirable in all things.", "9z70k9sLLA8-00007-00004312-00004702": "The purpose of a leader is to serve not to be served.", "9z70k9sLLA8-00008-00004702-00005214": "The responsibility of a leader is to provide for those  they're responsible for, not for them to provide for them.", "9z70k9sLLA8-00009-00005214-00005414": "Lead like you want to be lead."}}, {"audio_id": "9zn68lvweGA", "text": {"9zn68lvweGA-00000-00000050-00000850": "[ Music ]", "9zn68lvweGA-00001-00001758-00002166": ">> Annemarie ran into a soldier with a dog with sharp teeth.", "9zn68lvweGA-00002-00002213-00002546": "And Annemarie remembered, her mom had told her,", "9zn68lvweGA-00003-00002580-00002950": "if you run into a soldier, you need to start acting.", "9zn68lvweGA-00004-00002993-00003099": "You need to be dramatic.", "9zn68lvweGA-00005-00003202-00003467": "So Annemarie said, oh what a cute dog.", "9zn68lvweGA-00006-00003467-00003723": "What's his name?", "9zn68lvweGA-00007-00003723-00003892": "Oh look at the flowers.", "9zn68lvweGA-00008-00003892-00004205": "She just started talking about all kinds of silly things.", "9zn68lvweGA-00009-00004251-00004524": "And the soldier was confused, so the dog began to bark.", "9zn68lvweGA-00010-00004634-00004775": "And the soldier grabbed her basket.", "9zn68lvweGA-00011-00004775-00005093": "If you're curious to know what happens, go ahead and read."}}, {"audio_id": "9zK9D3m8byU", "text": {"9zK9D3m8byU-00000-00001422-00001800": "Sipoteni locality has more than 7500 inhabitants", "9zK9D3m8byU-00001-00001800-00002261": "It is situated on the national road Ungheni-Chisinau-Iasi", "9zK9D3m8byU-00002-00002268-00002407": "VASILE RATA, Mayor of Sipoteni", "9zK9D3m8byU-00003-00002407-00002961": "A very important role in our locality is played by the Association of the Native inhabitants from Sipoteni", "9zK9D3m8byU-00004-00002961-00003321": "Mainly the young generation part of this Association", "9zK9D3m8byU-00005-00003321-00003739": "more than 30 active young people", "9zK9D3m8byU-00006-00003739-00004348": "full of desire to involve and participate in all the projects that aim development of Sipoteni locality", "9zK9D3m8byU-00007-00004440-00005470": "With the support of these youngsters full of energy one of the most valuable projects was gained attracted to this territory", "9zK9D3m8byU-00008-00005470-00006289": "it’s the Program “Sipoteni –the capital of Youth” that took place during two years in row.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00009-00006289-00007276": "This program gave young people the opportunity to involve in various activities that were organized here in our locality.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00010-00007276-00007910": "like the Youth marathon, where youngsters from all over the country   have participated,", "9zK9D3m8byU-00011-00007933-00008250": "Summer school for the young photographer was organized.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00012-00008276-00008443": "Young people for us are the biggest value,", "9zK9D3m8byU-00013-00008460-00009423": "we always try to create for them green light for them to act, new opportunities for them to develop", "9zK9D3m8byU-00014-00009423-00010042": "In this context, we intent in the future to open a Youth Center", "9zK9D3m8byU-00015-00010042-00010895": "If we can manage it and undertake all the efforts to identify funds to help promote their ideas.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00016-00012448-00012751": "CATALINA TRICOLICI, member of Pupil’s Council in the theoretic lyceum “Mihai Eminescu” from Sipoteni", "9zK9D3m8byU-00017-00012803-00013143": "My name is Catalina, I am passionate by activities.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00018-00013217-00013604": "I study at the theoretic lyceum “Mihai Eminescu” from Sipoteni,", "9zK9D3m8byU-00019-00013612-00014199": "where pupils have a lot of opportunities to learn many things in the best ways.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00020-00014212-00014504": "For example right now we are in the Robotics class.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00021-00014504-00015570": "Here kids passionate about IT learn how to build and program robots using Lego pieces and a soft app.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00022-00015570-00016106": "All this is taking place in a special classroom, called the Classroom of the future", "9zK9D3m8byU-00023-00016117-00016458": "Here the other pupils have the opportunity", "9zK9D3m8byU-00024-00016458-00016750": "to use in practice their theoretical knowledge.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00025-00016750-00017100": "The administration of the school is supporting all our initiatives.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00026-00017100-00017393": "It was the same with the creation of a specialized football class,", "9zK9D3m8byU-00027-00017411-00017731": "which is welcoming boys and also girls.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00028-00017731-00018223": "Our young people choose a healthy lifestyle, and as we know:", "9zK9D3m8byU-00029-00018223-00018534": "A healthy mind and be only in a healthy body!", "9zK9D3m8byU-00030-00018572-00018900": "They train twice a day and have a balanced lifestyle", "9zK9D3m8byU-00031-00018900-00019100": "and of course they have also the opportunity to", "9zK9D3m8byU-00032-00019100-00019561": "participate in championships and exchange experience with other teams", "9zK9D3m8byU-00033-00019561-00020109": "And their big desire is of course to have a career as football players", "9zK9D3m8byU-00034-00020121-00020400": "and play in a famous football club.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00035-00020928-00021129": "NICOLETA LIPCAN, Member of Pupil’s Council in the theoretic lyceum “Mihai Eminescu” from Sipoteni", "9zK9D3m8byU-00036-00021129-00021357": "As you know, the school must be a friendly environment for young people,", "9zK9D3m8byU-00037-00021357-00021597": "That is why in our school we have Pupil’s Council which is a", "9zK9D3m8byU-00038-00021597-00021924": "autonomous body representing pupils.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00039-00021924-00022387": "It’s purpose is to identify and solve the issues of pupils,", "9zK9D3m8byU-00040-00022431-00022800": "like aggressiveness, violence and abuses in school.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00041-00022838-00023100": "The Council is the one helping the voice of pupils to be heard", "9zK9D3m8byU-00042-00023111-00023419": "contributing to a democratic approach in school,", "9zK9D3m8byU-00043-00023435-00023801": "and initiate extra-curricular activities for young people’s interest.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00044-00023950-00024099": "ECATERINA STOICEV, VOLUNTEER at “Bastina-Sipoteni”", "9zK9D3m8byU-00045-00024099-00024600": "In 2019 young people from Sipoteni have decided that they need to involve more actively in the life of their community.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00046-00024622-00024974": "This is how the idea to create an organization came along.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00047-00024989-00025274": "It was created as part of the public organization “Bastina-Sipoteni”", "9zK9D3m8byU-00048-00025274-00025583": "- institution that from the very beginning was involving young people", "9zK9D3m8byU-00049-00025583-00025941": "in volunteering activities and development of civic engagements.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00050-00025987-00026366": "We are proud of a list of projects written by youngsters", "9zK9D3m8byU-00051-00026381-00026747": "within the project “Sipoteni – the capital of Youth” 2020/2021", "9zK9D3m8byU-00052-00026764-00027088": "Young people from Sipoteni are often having meetings", "9zK9D3m8byU-00053-00027111-00027402": "in order to suggest solutions to the day by day problems.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00054-00027480-00027844": "This is how the project “Tolerance is at home” was initiated.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00055-00027871-00028056": "in order to suggest solutions to the day by day problems.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00056-00028082-00028660": "Another initiative in that sense is the Project “Technology of our generation that unites souls”", "9zK9D3m8byU-00057-00028675-00029012": "where volunteers have trained elderly people", "9zK9D3m8byU-00058-00029012-00029515": "in using social media to be able to keep in touch with their relatives abroad.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00059-00029570-00029812": "The young people do not stop here, they involve in activities like:", "9zK9D3m8byU-00060-00029812-00030249": "cleaning the area, water protection by collecting garbage near the water sources,", "9zK9D3m8byU-00061-00030258-00030679": "planting trees, sorting of wastes and plastic re-usage.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00062-00030726-00031179": "The project “Sipoteni – the capital of Youth” was a great one for young people from Sipoteni.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00063-00031195-00031782": "They understood that they have to involve and they participated in all the activities with a lot of dedication.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00064-00032200-00032494": "I am an active volunteer in our community, member of AdB Junior Sipoteni", "9zK9D3m8byU-00065-00032525-00032814": "Often with young people from my community", "9zK9D3m8byU-00066-00032814-00033090": "we participate in activities organized for kids from kindergartens.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00067-00033147-00033318": "We paint, we play, we dance,", "9zK9D3m8byU-00068-00033332-00033678": "we learn the traffic signs, we teach them to cross the streets correctly.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00069-00033740-00033876": "Why are we doing all those activities?", "9zK9D3m8byU-00070-00033876-00034156": "Because we care and we are active young members of the community.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00071-00034200-00034443": "And because we want to bring more colors to our locality", "9zK9D3m8byU-00072-00034443-00034575": "and smiles on people’s faces,", "9zK9D3m8byU-00073-00034575-00034824": "we have decided to paint the street light pillars,", "9zK9D3m8byU-00074-00034959-00035159": "the bus stations", "9zK9D3m8byU-00075-00035190-00035411": "and the walls of the kindergartens of the locality.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00076-00035493-00035866": "The artistic spirit is in our blood but also in every corner here.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00077-00036000-00036133": "VICTOR RETCU, volunteer AT “Bastina-Sipoteni” and member of AdB Junior", "9zK9D3m8byU-00078-00036133-00036333": "Sipoteni is the starting point of 4 Eco-Touristic paths.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00079-00036333-00036533": "The tourists have the possibility to rent a bicycle", "9zK9D3m8byU-00080-00036533-00036836": "and start together an unforgettable adventure here.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00081-00036889-00037070": "Together we have participated in the creation of the path", "9zK9D3m8byU-00082-00037114-00037267": "selection of the itinerary,", "9zK9D3m8byU-00083-00037282-00037563": "and in the future, we plan to be tour guides", "9zK9D3m8byU-00084-00037563-00037892": "for those who want to discover the beauty of Codri forests.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00085-00038082-00038272": "ALIONA RAU, Director of the Art school from Sipoteni", "9zK9D3m8byU-00086-00038272-00038545": "Within the lessons of the Art school, our youngsters", "9zK9D3m8byU-00087-00038545-00038979": "learn to develop their talents and skills.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00088-00039034-00039533": "Further, they use those skills in their volunteering activities.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00089-00039533-00039946": "Those from choreographic art and music", "9zK9D3m8byU-00090-00039946-00040545": "are very actively involvingin all the cultural-artistic activities from the locality", "9zK9D3m8byU-00091-00040635-00041214": "by promoting the values, our culture and the art of beauty in general.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00092-00041414-00041614": "We are proud of all our successes", "9zK9D3m8byU-00093-00041614-00042160": "and we believe to be a source of inspiration for youngsters from other localities.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00094-00042179-00042480": "But we don’t stop here, we want to evolve and", "9zK9D3m8byU-00095-00042508-00043007": "not only at the national level but also at the international one.", "9zK9D3m8byU-00096-00043055-00043596": "That is why the fact that we are part of the Project “Europe Goes Local”", "9zK9D3m8byU-00097-00043607-00044049": "is a very special opportunity for us as a community,", "9zK9D3m8byU-00098-00044060-00044327": "but first of all for your young people."}}, {"audio_id": "9zTHzFazJ_k", "text": {"9zTHzFazJ_k-00000-00000018-00000164": ">> Oh honey, don't cry.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00001-00000164-00000463": "Maybe you're crying not because you really think I'm gonna get mad at you,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00002-00000463-00000926": "but maybe it's just because you're so upset your pretty little handbag is ruined.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00003-00000926-00001036": ">> You can show Mom.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00004-00001140-00001328": "She won't get mad. >> Can you show it for me?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00005-00001622-00001820": "[Captions by Judy V. at Y Translator] [Music]", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00006-00001820-00002308": "[Music]", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00007-00002308-00002456": ">> Is there a mold in that bag?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00008-00002456-00002534": ">> No.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00009-00002534-00002708": ">> She said that there is something bad in there", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00010-00002708-00002914": "and I'm like scared it's gonna be moldy food", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00011-00002956-00003148": "or, like, a wild animal.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00012-00003148-00003228": ">> Here's the deal.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00013-00003356-00003982": "I get upset when I get sass or attitude.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00014-00004004-00004214": "If you make a mistake,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00015-00004296-00004403": "I correct you.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00016-00004403-00004638": ">> This is a really, really, really big one.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00017-00004638-00004846": ">> A really, really big mistake?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00018-00004866-00004962": "Alright.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00019-00004962-00005194": "Would it feel good to get it off your chest", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00020-00005194-00005294": "and tell me?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00021-00005336-00005510": "Or would it feel good to hide it a little longer?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00022-00005510-00005702": "How long have you been hiding this secret?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00023-00005702-00005808": ">> I don't know.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00024-00005808-00005966": "I just found out today.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00025-00005966-00006366": ">> I can't even imagine what it is you're hiding in there.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00026-00006366-00006514": ">> [indistinct] I just found out today.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00027-00006514-00006672": ">> You just found out today? >> What is in it?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00028-00006672-00006770": ">> It's not a dead animal.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00029-00006770-00006854": ">> No.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00030-00007036-00007295": ">> Okay, if it's not a dead animal,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00031-00007330-00007654": "then nothing could make me upset.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00032-00007654-00007816": ">> [indistinct] be permanent.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00033-00007872-00008044": ">> Did you ruin your bag?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00034-00008114-00008338": "Oh, did you ruin your bag?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00035-00008460-00008638": ">> What kind of stain is it?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00036-00008638-00009016": ">> Okay, let me give you some details.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00037-00009016-00009154": "I bought these bags,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00038-00009154-00009416": "Kevin and I bought these bags when we went to Italy,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00039-00009416-00009598": "about a year and half ago we went.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00040-00009598-00009882": "And these bags were in Italy", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00041-00009883-00010120": "before they were really really popular in the U.S.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00042-00010120-00010200": "We came to the U.S.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00043-00010200-00010320": "and then all of a sudden, they were everywhere.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00044-00010320-00010424": "And these are real leather,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00045-00010424-00010624": "super, super high quality.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00046-00010628-00010906": "In the US, they would run for about $300.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00047-00010906-00011254": "In Italy, they were like $60.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00048-00011290-00011568": "Handmade, hand-stitched, pure leather bag.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00049-00011626-00011856": "So now that we have the update,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00050-00011856-00012000": "did you ruin your bag?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00051-00012078-00012568": "You know I gave these to you knowing you're children, right?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00052-00012648-00013032": ">> Trust me, I have scratches and cuts like all over my bag.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00053-00013032-00013428": "And it's in the front so everyone can see it.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00054-00013429-00013640": ">> This is nothing compared to [indistinct].", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00055-00013640-00013754": ">> Alright, Julie.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00056-00013924-00014168": "The camera's rolling so I can't get that mad.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00057-00014256-00014494": "It helps keep me under control.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00058-00014566-00014647": "You ready?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00059-00014647-00014816": ">> What kind of liquid is it?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00060-00014852-00014938": ">> Liquid?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00061-00014969-00015084": ">> Is it liquid?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00062-00015084-00015296": ">> Did you spill a nail polish in there?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00063-00015296-00015419": "A lipstick.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00064-00015419-00015591": ">> Did you spill-- >> A marker bled?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00065-00015700-00015791": ">> A juice?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00066-00015906-00016000": ">>Milk? >> Peanut butter?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00067-00016056-00016144": ">> Water?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00068-00016210-00016323": ">> Mascara?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00069-00016382-00016474": ">> Hair spray?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00070-00016526-00016670": ">> Did you urine in it?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00071-00016670-00016820": ">> I don't know what that means.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00072-00017246-00017382": ">> Well, Russell does.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00073-00017382-00017536": ">> A wetlet in it.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00074-00017536-00017586": ">> Oh, no.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00075-00017838-00018082": ">> Alright Julie-- >> Just tell me what it is first.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00076-00018082-00018134": "Okay?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00077-00018234-00018500": ">> How about we do it together?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00078-00018500-00018618": ">> Please tell me what it is.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00079-00018618-00018818": "I don't-- >> Please say you won't get mad.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00080-00018818-00018970": ">> Oh, of course, honey.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00081-00018970-00019105": "I promise.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00082-00019105-00019480": "I absolutely think this is more darling than you--", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00083-00019480-00019646": "Oh honey, don't cry.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00084-00019668-00019784": "Oh.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00085-00019804-00020118": "Maybe you're crying not because you really think I'm gonna get mad at you,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00086-00020118-00020654": "but maybe it's just because you're so upset your pretty little handbag is ruined.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00087-00020654-00020780": "Is that it? >> [indistinct]", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00088-00020780-00020934": ">> Do you need a new one?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00089-00020974-00021105": "Julie, it's okay.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00090-00021106-00021360": "Did you know Dad's going to Italy in July?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00091-00021416-00021586": "He can find a new one.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00092-00021612-00021718": "Would you like that?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00093-00021718-00022058": "If they still sell them in Italy, I'll ask him to pick one up for you.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00094-00022080-00022310": "They, he may not be going to that part of Italy,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00095-00022310-00022520": "but maybe he will be, okay?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00096-00022520-00022724": "Plus, the outside looks perfectly fine.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00097-00022724-00022872": "So let's do the inside.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00098-00022942-00023060": "Can I look?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00099-00023060-00023234": ">> I want to be prepared of what it is.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00100-00023234-00023409": ">> Come on. Can I look?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00101-00023410-00023550": ">> I'm gonna show Abby first.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00102-00023550-00023968": ">> [? I'm not looking till] Mom does.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00103-00023968-00024140": ">> Abby. It's not...", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00104-00024220-00024334": ">> I know what she--", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00105-00024334-00024464": "I know what it is.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00106-00024464-00024584": "She told me.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00107-00024584-00024654": ">> What is it?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00108-00024758-00024950": ">> Okay, okay. Don't, don't...", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00109-00024950-00025121": "Okay, if she told you to be quiet about it--", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00110-00025122-00025322": "Hey, I told you to go change. >> Russell, Russell.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00111-00025344-00025622": ">> Um, these were the only pajamas. >> Russell, whisper it.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00112-00026314-00026414": ">> Hey.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00113-00026450-00026530": ">> It's fine.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00114-00026627-00026706": "It's fine.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00115-00026756-00026848": "You can show Mom.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00116-00026938-00027122": "She won't get mad. >> Can you show it for me?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00117-00027336-00027488": ">> Tell it to me.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00119-00027945-00028158": ">> This is worse than I thought.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00120-00028445-00028554": "Was this yours?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00121-00028606-00028752": "Or was this Eve's?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00122-00028752-00028852": "This was yours.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00123-00029160-00029277": ">> It's pink mold.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00124-00029330-00029439": ">> Oh, dear.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00125-00029480-00029604": "Honey, I'm not mad at you.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00126-00029604-00029739": "I feel bad for you.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00127-00029762-00029827": "It's okay.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00128-00029864-00030133": ">> Well, that was cool [indistinct] what I did.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00129-00030154-00030248": ">> It's okay.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00130-00030248-00030502": "We could buy you a new backpack,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00131-00030572-00030774": "that looks just like that.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00132-00030827-00031189": ">> I am not mad at you in the slightest.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00133-00031252-00031674": "I feel bad that you feel bad.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00134-00031766-00031866": "It's going to be okay.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00135-00031866-00031956": "I have an idea.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00136-00031956-00032164": "No, no, no, I have a wonderful idea.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00137-00032174-00032814": "Tomorrow, the laundromat that does Daddy's shirts and his wool pants,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00138-00032814-00033102": "they do a really good job of getting things out.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00139-00033102-00033504": "And they have like cleaning things that you can do on leather.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00140-00033504-00033766": "Let's send it to the dry cleaners and see what they come up with.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00141-00033818-00033892": "Should we try that?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00142-00033976-00034062": "Would that make you happy?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00143-00034062-00034226": "Let's send it to the dry cleaners", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00144-00034226-00034349": "and let's see what they say.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00145-00034350-00034486": "I bet they could get it out.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00146-00034486-00034588": ">> Lesson learned:", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00147-00034588-00034760": "Never put slime in your bag.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00148-00034760-00034902": ">> If it's made in Italy.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00149-00034940-00035152": ">> Empty out the chapstick that's in there.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00150-00035152-00035408": "And go put it in the--", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00151-00035408-00035550": "I'll put it in the laundry bag.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00152-00035550-00035624": "It's outside.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00153-00035624-00035746": "Is everything out of it?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00154-00035798-00035958": "Okay. Here we go.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00155-00035994-00036188": "I think the laundry bags--", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00156-00036188-00036338": "Wait, did they take it today?", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00157-00036338-00036486": "I don't see the laundry bag.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00158-00036782-00036952": "Alright, dry cleaners.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00159-00036952-00037120": "Give me your best.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00160-00037894-00038132": "It'll be a miracle if they can clean that up.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00161-00038132-00039328": "[Music]", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00162-00039328-00039548": "It's my friend's birthday today", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00163-00039548-00039790": "and she's had a really rough year,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00164-00039790-00039999": "and so the neighborhood got together,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00165-00039999-00040162": "and we are doing little things around her house", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00166-00040162-00040344": "for a couple of hours while she's gone.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00167-00040344-00040498": "So hopefully, when she comes home,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00168-00040590-00040694": "everything is done.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00169-00040694-00040892": "And everyone's doing something simple,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00170-00040892-00041054": "something meaningful,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00171-00041054-00041184": "and it all just adds up.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00172-00041184-00041340": "And she'll have a really clean house,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00173-00041340-00041574": "with all of her garbage and recycling taken out,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00174-00041574-00041728": "and her garden weeded.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00175-00041728-00043030": "[Music]", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00176-00043030-00043460": "That was some of the most fun I've had in a long time.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00177-00043460-00043663": "It was so neat to see the whole neighborhood.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00178-00043663-00043934": "I can't wait till Kirsten comes home,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00179-00043934-00044272": "and sees, not just the housework and the yard work done,", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00180-00044272-00044596": "but sees how much we all love her.", "9zTHzFazJ_k-00181-00044596-00045374": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "9-dFzDc6tJ4", "text": {"9-dFzDc6tJ4-00000-00001283-00001760": "\"I'm in the construction field and hopefully by the end of this year I'll", "9-dFzDc6tJ4-00001-00001760-00003059": "be retiring. And we sought out Phil and his approach to retirement, and so far", "9-dFzDc6tJ4-00002-00003059-00003642": "we're really happy way things were going. And in fact we're back up here now", "9-dFzDc6tJ4-00003-00003642-00004350": "to talk to the people here about, you know, investing more money. In the past,", "9-dFzDc6tJ4-00004-00004350-00004776": "everything we did, you know, there was always a fee. The fee upfront to do this", "9-dFzDc6tJ4-00005-00004776-00005196": "or do that if you wanted to change your money from one allocation to another", "9-dFzDc6tJ4-00006-00005196-00005687": "there was a was a fee to change it, and if your money wasn't making any money", "9-dFzDc6tJ4-00007-00005687-00006168": "they still - every year - they still would take their money. Coming here and talking", "9-dFzDc6tJ4-00008-00006168-00006809": "to to the people here - that's - It was just like, you know, it was a whole new", "9-dFzDc6tJ4-00009-00006809-00007434": "experience, I mean, it was, you know, like we were the main we were the ones that, you", "9-dFzDc6tJ4-00010-00007434-00007950": "know, they were looking out for. I guarantee you I if you sit down and listen unless", "9-dFzDc6tJ4-00011-00007950-00008735": "you got money to burn you'll take part.\""}}, {"audio_id": "9--1ZYRBG18", "text": {"9--1ZYRBG18-00000-00000003-00000642": "we are checking out and leaving this beautiful beautiful Airbnb bar every me", "9--1ZYRBG18-00001-00000642-00001982": "Bob table bar coffee maker I don't through the door Oh bye boy", "9--1ZYRBG18-00002-00002014-00002517": "we're going out to Matthew to say good boy - Matthew - I'm actually as you can", "9--1ZYRBG18-00003-00002517-00003303": "see I'm losing skin that's the sunburn that's know have a good day we're", "9--1ZYRBG18-00004-00003303-00004723": "checking out and then we're going to what okay smarty", "9--1ZYRBG18-00005-00004723-00005173": "and yeah then I'm excited to do my flight you know you know one of my", "9--1ZYRBG18-00006-00005173-00005623": "favorite animals in the world are actually trash cans they're very sedate", "9--1ZYRBG18-00007-00005623-00006139": "animals they don't move much like look at them they're just chillin and join", "9--1ZYRBG18-00008-00006139-00006617": "the view it's not time to say goodbye to this human being", "9--1ZYRBG18-00009-00006617-00007222": "did you enjoy spending time with me yeah that's what everyone says", "9--1ZYRBG18-00010-00007222-00008242": "but I appreciate spending time with you you know now with you mad yeah there's", "9--1ZYRBG18-00011-00008242-00008558": "someone in the fridge you opened the fridge and there's someone there got", "9--1ZYRBG18-00012-00008558-00009039": "them and another one of these dead people were just hiding here", "9--1ZYRBG18-00013-00009039-00009638": "he showed us around and he showed us all the beautiful places so thank you so", "9--1ZYRBG18-00014-00009638-00010225": "Matthew if that is that like it's tradition in South Africa you give", "9--1ZYRBG18-00015-00010225-00011227": "people two avocados if they leave and an apple I appreciate that", "9--1ZYRBG18-00016-00011257-00013432": "did you get my might okay that was supercool bye see you in Germany Jay", "9--1ZYRBG18-00017-00013596-00014749": "huh no boy visit me I'm in the UK next year and I'll travel injured I'm in", "9--1ZYRBG18-00018-00014749-00015390": "Germany by the way I know but I'm traveling by hello sir", "9--1ZYRBG18-00019-00015390-00015891": "who just had a very good shed with the uber driver there are actually a lot of", "9--1ZYRBG18-00020-00015891-00016453": "them bobbing people in South Africa because the well political situation in", "9--1ZYRBG18-00021-00016453-00016822": "many of the South African countries are not good and so people come here to work", "9--1ZYRBG18-00022-00016822-00017929": "so very very open and welcoming people that are here that's that's one of the", "9--1ZYRBG18-00023-00017929-00018376": "things that I definitely took away from this you know but now I'm at the airport", "9--1ZYRBG18-00024-00018376-00019456": "and I kind of figure out gotta figure out where my flight which is landed in", "9--1ZYRBG18-00025-00019456-00020137": "Addis Ababa the stoppable our flight was a bit late so the other", "9--1ZYRBG18-00026-00020137-00020673": "one is already boarding I think but we can still make it", "9--1ZYRBG18-00027-00020673-00020945": "we made it", "9--1ZYRBG18-00028-00020978-00021486": "hi so actually made it back safely and survived which I'm fairly happy about", "9--1ZYRBG18-00029-00021486-00022083": "and think now I'm gonna find a bathroom to poop but actually realizes the next", "9--1ZYRBG18-00030-00022083-00022728": "day so pretty much have to start the new vlog I think it's 6:00 a.m. or something", "9--1ZYRBG18-00031-00022728-00023220": "like that the flight was beautiful obviously", "9--1ZYRBG18-00032-00023220-00023763": "almost missed my my what's what's a corner the second", "9--1ZYRBG18-00033-00023763-00024231": "flight almost missed my second flight but the beautiful thing is now jail rice", "9--1ZYRBG18-00034-00024231-00024747": "in like eight hours because we didn't take the same flights so I'm now gonna", "9--1ZYRBG18-00035-00024747-00025128": "wait eight hours here at the airport and then we're gonna drive another eight", "9--1ZYRBG18-00036-00025128-00025704": "hours with the Train so I don't know yet if I want to say at the airport or if", "9--1ZYRBG18-00037-00025704-00026108": "I'm gonna go to the Central Station but it's gonna be a lot of fun but thank you", "9--1ZYRBG18-00038-00026108-00026607": "so much for watching you see me tomorrow probably in exactly the same place", "9--1ZYRBG18-00039-00026607-00026900": "starting the vlog", "9--1ZYRBG18-00040-00026941-00027486": "love you bye I do wake up when there's no other time", "9--1ZYRBG18-00041-00027486-00028023": "to wake you up seething breathing doing all the things", "9--1ZYRBG18-00042-00028023-00028964": "I love wine coalition I just wanna make a trip to the child"}}, {"audio_id": "9-Bi3oAhhBM", "text": {"9-Bi3oAhhBM-00000-00002320-00003440": "me see how sweet you was with jesus", "9-Bi3oAhhBM-00001-00003647-00004368": "no one like you you are the wisdom of the world", "9-Bi3oAhhBM-00002-00004672-00005784": "you are stronger than the strongest you are higher than the highest higher than the h-i-g-hest"}}, {"audio_id": "9-Hh7QnOuGM", "text": {"9-Hh7QnOuGM-00000-00000030-00000114": "Hi,", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00001-00002010-00002610": "my name is John. I'm from the United States. I came from Washington and I've been wanting", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00002-00002610-00003060": "a hair transplant for probably three years now ever since I noticed a little thinning on the", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00003-00003060-00003576": "top of my head and I decided to just pull the trigger and Hair of Istanbul was definitely", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00004-00003576-00004104": "the best Clinic I saw and I saw the results and before and after pictures of people from", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00005-00004104-00004620": "other countries so it was a no-brainer for me and I couldn't be more happy with the job that", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00006-00004620-00005280": "they did. Designing the hairline everything like that was super easy they asked me how I wanted it,", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00007-00005280-00005802": "and I was very satisfied. All the staff was extremely welcoming and", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00008-00005802-00006186": "they're always checking on you and yeah it was a really great experience. So,", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00009-00006186-00006798": "I chose Turkey and Hair of Istanbul for my clinic because I saw that they had a ton of good results,", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00010-00006798-00007386": "and the price point was very good compared to my home country. The main reason I got a transplant", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00011-00007386-00007938": "was because I pretty much wore a hat 24/7 before that and I always felt uncomfortable taking off my", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00012-00007938-00008556": "hat to go swimming or something. So, I knew that a hair transplant was the right reason for me, and", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00013-00008556-00009066": "my hair was always pretty thin and I just didn't like my hairline growing up so this was the best", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00014-00009066-00009474": "option for me. I say that if you're thinking about getting a hair transplant you should just pull", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00015-00009474-00009894": "the trigger and do it. I think it's one of the best decisions I've made and I'm super glad that", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00016-00009894-00010398": "I came out here to do it. It was a long flight it was 12 hours but it was completely worth it.", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00017-00010398-00011028": "I really didn't feel a thing during the surgery, and it went by super good and I was relaxed. It", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00018-00011028-00011598": "was super nice. I just watched TV during the whole surgery, and it went by pretty fast. If I could", "9-Hh7QnOuGM-00019-00011598-00012048": "explain Hair of Istanbul in three words it would be charismatic, excellent service,andveryclean."}}, {"audio_id": "9-Lwi8a9lFy", "text": {"9-Lwi8a9lFy-00000-00000000-00000700": "Reviewer: Peter van de Ven", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00001-00002308-00002678": "I remember being shocked the first few times I went to Africa.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00002-00002704-00003043": "I was shocked when I met a one-legged taxi driver in Kenya.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00003-00003083-00003574": "I was shocked when I met Sonia, an orphan schoolgirl in Rwanda.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00004-00003596-00004018": "And I was shocked when I met a disabled subsistence farmer in Mozambique.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00005-00004097-00004554": "What shocked me wasn't their poverty, but their happiness.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00006-00004649-00005120": "I found their happiness confronting, far more confronting than poverty.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00007-00005176-00005376": "Of course, not everyone was happy,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00008-00005376-00005767": "but of those above a basic subsistence threshold level,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00009-00005767-00006160": "I was surprised at how genuinely content many of them were.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00010-00006251-00006576": "And I became fascinated by this notion, this idea of happiness.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00011-00006650-00006986": "And since then, I've researched it, I've worked on it, I've thought about it.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00012-00007012-00007250": "I'm interested in it from an economics perspective;", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00013-00007250-00007489": "it's one of the things that I research at Oxford.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00014-00007489-00007788": "And I'm interested in it from a social enterprise perspective", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00015-00007788-00008180": "because happiness is, after all, the ultimate social outcome.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00016-00008206-00008493": "I think it's particularly appropriate to talk about happiness", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00017-00008493-00008746": "because we have with us the Prime Minister of Bhutan,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00018-00008746-00009035": "the very man who pioneered, who introduced,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00019-00009035-00009339": "and who championed the idea of gross domestic happiness,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00020-00009340-00009744": "rather than GDP, as a way of tracking a country's progress,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00021-00009744-00009980": "as a way of monitoring how governments are doing.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00022-00010060-00010393": "But before we go into that, I want to begin with a little quiz, a game.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00023-00010393-00010613": "It's just a simple multiple-choice quiz,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00024-00010613-00010977": "and I've invited some other participants to join us on stage.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00025-00010977-00011170": "So, I want you to just raise your hand,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00026-00011170-00011433": "I want you to answer honestly when I give the questions.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00027-00011506-00011639": "So the first question.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00028-00011639-00011892": "Imagine that you're competing in the Olympic Games,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00029-00011892-00012052": "representing your country,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00030-00012052-00012257": "what would you prefer out of the following:", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00031-00012257-00012632": "would you prefer to come second, to come third, or to come second last?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00032-00012632-00012861": "Answer honestly: who would prefer to come second?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00033-00012861-00013045": "Raise your hand.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00034-00013130-00013230": "Excellent!", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00035-00013230-00013424": "Who would prefer to come third?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00036-00013569-00013800": "And who would prefer to come second last?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00037-00013892-00014224": "Excellent. It seems a large chunk of you wants to come second last.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00038-00014224-00014510": "I'm not sure I'd be selecting you for my Olympic team, but -", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00039-00014510-00014614": "(Laughter)", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00040-00014614-00015057": "The monkeys, they select a third, a third, a third;", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00041-00015057-00015434": "they don't quite understand the question, but they knew there are three options.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00042-00015434-00015591": "(Laughter)", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00043-00015727-00016020": "It's probably no surprise that amongst the general population,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00044-00016020-00016191": "most prefer second.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00045-00016218-00016329": "So that's question one.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00046-00016329-00016469": "Question number two.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00047-00016469-00016692": "Imagine that you're given one of two options:", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00048-00016692-00017018": "either you win the lottery, and you get ten million dollars tomorrow,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00049-00017018-00017180": "you can spend it however you want;", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00050-00017180-00017298": "or option B,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00051-00017298-00017562": "alternatively, you get a very small payment tomorrow,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00052-00017562-00017820": "but you get gradual payments throughout your lifetime -", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00053-00017820-00017920": "increasing payments,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00054-00017920-00018136": "and in total, you get eight million dollars", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00055-00018137-00018294": "over the course of your lifetime.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00056-00018294-00018607": "If I gave you that option right now, what would you pick?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00057-00018607-00018847": "Who would pick option A?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00058-00018950-00019058": "A lot of people.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00059-00019058-00019267": "Who would pick option B?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00060-00019268-00019374": "Excellent.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00061-00019465-00019622": "Amongst the general population,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00062-00019622-00019823": "most people seem to be quite short-sighted;", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00063-00019823-00020070": "most people like the ten million dollars tomorrow.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00064-00020070-00020323": "Again, the monkeys 50:50.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00065-00020323-00020492": "(Laughter)", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00066-00020492-00020752": "They did recognize there were two options, not three.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00067-00020842-00021012": "Third and final question.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00068-00021012-00021324": "You get to choose your salary: what do you pick?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00069-00021324-00021632": "You get 50,000, and everyone else gets 50,000.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00070-00021661-00021924": "You get 50,000 and everyone else gets 60,000,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00071-00021954-00022373": "or you get 40,000 and everyone else you know gets 30,000.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00072-00022373-00022549": "Who would pick option A?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00073-00022703-00022968": "Who would pick option B? Virtually no one.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00074-00022968-00023124": "Who would pick option C?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00075-00023170-00023478": "I think there's one person in an audience of about 200.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00076-00023557-00023808": "You're pretty consistent with the general population,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00077-00023808-00023938": "most go for option A.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00078-00023938-00024246": "The monkeys, no surprises there.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00079-00024246-00024531": "But let's now think about what the actual answers are.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00080-00024531-00024833": "What does the research say about what actually makes us content,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00081-00024833-00024992": "what actually makes us satisfied,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00082-00024992-00025191": "what actually makes us happy?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00083-00025208-00025347": "To question one,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00084-00025347-00025596": "the answer is actually to come third,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00085-00025596-00025916": "which I think was the lowest of the three options that you all gave.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00086-00026013-00026371": "There's no shortage of silver medalists who appear unhappy.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00087-00026604-00026871": "(Laughter)", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00088-00027023-00027148": "So that was question one.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00089-00027148-00027373": "Question two, I think you did better on.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00090-00027472-00027764": "You picked option B, you went against the general population,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00091-00027764-00027998": "and I think you beat the monkeys on this occasion:", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00092-00027998-00028323": "they beat you on question one; you won question two.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00093-00028323-00028614": "And for question three, the correct answer was actually C,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00094-00028614-00028849": "which I think only one person got correct.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00095-00028849-00029165": "And so the monkeys beat you on two out of three on those,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00096-00029165-00029547": "in terms of what actually makes us content, satisfied, and happy", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00097-00029547-00029744": "as the research has shown.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00098-00029870-00030184": "So I think it's fair to say that in general,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00099-00030184-00030536": "you're slightly better predictors of happiness than the general population,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00100-00030536-00030824": "but you're still pretty pathetic, I'm sorry to say.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00101-00030824-00031142": "I think the monkeys beat you, maybe that's why they're smiling.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00102-00031186-00031411": "They won two out of three.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00103-00031411-00031689": "And what's interesting is that it's not only us", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00104-00031689-00031872": "that's bad predictors of happiness.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00105-00031872-00032133": "The macro data actually support this as well.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00106-00032133-00032372": "We're wealthier than ever, but unhappier than ever.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00107-00032372-00032568": "We're more prosperous, but more depressed.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00108-00032568-00032744": "We're less satisfied.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00109-00032744-00032968": "We have faster and faster transport,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00110-00032968-00033257": "but we're faster and faster to complain about it.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00111-00033257-00033577": "In many countries, there are now more suicides than homicides.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00112-00033577-00033851": "We now have more goods and services than ever before.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00113-00033851-00034139": "We have technology improving exponentially,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00114-00034139-00034363": "but we don't see a corresponding increase", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00115-00034363-00034622": "in our life satisfaction, in our happiness.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00116-00034666-00034949": "It's perhaps one of the great paradoxes of our time.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00117-00034974-00035183": "And I think the obvious question is,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00118-00035183-00035695": "Why is it that governments and individuals are such bad predictors of happiness?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00119-00035727-00035943": "Why is that we get it wrong so often?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00120-00035975-00036213": "And I think it's because we don't really understand", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00121-00036214-00036517": "why it is that we're often unhappy.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00122-00036574-00036972": "And so the obvious question is, Why is it that we're unhappy?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00123-00036993-00037170": "What's the explanation?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00124-00037170-00037363": "Now it's not an easy question to answer,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00125-00037363-00037667": "but it's one that I've thought about, researched, and delved into.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00126-00037667-00037979": "And through my research over the years, through thinking about it,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00127-00037979-00038301": "I think there's one explanation that I find far more compelling,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00128-00038301-00038643": "far more plausible, far more persuasive than any other.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00129-00038698-00038857": "And that explanation", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00130-00038857-00039175": "isn't that we have so much choice that we get stressed.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00131-00039198-00039448": "It's not that we are economically worse off;", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00132-00039448-00039668": "in many cases, we're economically better off.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00133-00039668-00040059": "It's not that we just have great reporting of depression and suicide;", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00134-00040059-00040385": "that's true, but it only explains a small portion of the data.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00135-00040385-00040724": "It's not due to family breakdowns or reduced freedom.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00136-00040812-00041138": "You know, the reason why we're unhappy, the most compelling reason -", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00137-00041180-00041415": "as shown by the data, as shown by research -", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00138-00041453-00041687": "relates to expectations.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00139-00041797-00042033": "At a very basic, simple level,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00140-00042124-00042437": "we're unhappy when our expectations of reality", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00141-00042463-00042737": "exceed our experiences of reality.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00142-00042776-00043062": "When our expectations exceed reality.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00143-00043096-00043416": "And I'd like to call this an expectation gap,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00144-00043416-00043721": "when our expectations are greater than reality.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00145-00043769-00044175": "It's a very simple concept, but it's a hugely important concept", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00146-00044199-00044496": "to fully understand, to fully get our head around.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00147-00044496-00044679": "And to help us get our head around it,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00148-00044679-00045091": "I'd like to think in terms of three different types of expectation gaps -", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00149-00045092-00045248": "three different types of gaps", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00150-00045249-00045543": "based on the different ways in which we form expectations.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00151-00045597-00045927": "I think we form expectations based on our imagination,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00152-00045927-00046310": "based on those around us, and based on our past experiences.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00153-00046373-00046792": "So to this first type of expectation gap, the imagination gap,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00154-00046810-00047185": "which occurs when our imagination exceeds reality.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00155-00047288-00047723": "You see, when we choose to buy goods, we choose from a range of options.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00156-00047754-00048143": "When we choose where to travel to, we often choose from a range of options.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00157-00048164-00048561": "When we choose which leader to elect, we often choose from a range of options.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00158-00048592-00048814": "And how do we make that decision?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00159-00048877-00049285": "What we do is that we choose the one that we think will be the best.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00160-00049285-00049680": "We choose the one that we imagine will be the best of all the options.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00161-00049836-00050195": "What we do is we try to maximize our utility at a given price,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00162-00050218-00050412": "that's how most people make decisions.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00163-00050412-00050541": "To do otherwise would be", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00164-00050541-00050821": "to choose an option that we didn't think would be as good,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00165-00050822-00051026": "which seems a bit counterintuitive.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00166-00051026-00051363": "Now the problem here is that the very act of choosing the thing", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00167-00051363-00051670": "that we think will give us the greatest happiness,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00168-00051706-00051899": "that very decision-making process", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00169-00051899-00052210": "is the thing that actually undermines our happiness", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00170-00052210-00052534": "because what it means is that when we then see reality,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00171-00052535-00052669": "when we then experience it,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00172-00052669-00052791": "whether it's the good", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00173-00052792-00053058": "or the place we travel to or the leader that we elect,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00174-00053058-00053478": "it's highly likely that that reality won't live up to our expectation.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00175-00053500-00053702": "And that leads to disappointment.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00176-00053765-00053979": "And technology makes this so much worse.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00177-00053979-00054142": "What technology has loused", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00178-00054142-00054422": "is things that are actually unrealistic to appear real,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00179-00054422-00054639": "things that aren't even on the happiness scale", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00180-00054639-00054962": "are made to seem as though they are actually possible.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00181-00054990-00055219": "We photoshop things in, we airbrush things out,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00182-00055219-00055401": "we digitally enhance photos.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00183-00055401-00055694": "And what this does is it makes us romanticize travel", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00184-00055694-00055966": "and makes us come up with fantastical ideas", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00185-00055966-00056240": "about places that reality simply can't live up to.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00186-00056294-00056633": "So we think Sagrada Família looks like this,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00187-00056668-00056846": "when it actually looks like this.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00188-00056846-00057000": "(Laughter)", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00189-00057000-00057316": "We think the Taj Mahal always looks like this,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00190-00057348-00057655": "when, actually, often it looks like this.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00191-00057746-00058022": "We think that the Mona Lisa looks like this,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00192-00058053-00058404": "when, actually, if we go and visit it, it's more likely to look like this.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00193-00058404-00058561": "(Laughter)", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00194-00058561-00058930": "What technology does is that it skews our vision, it distorts reality", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00195-00058930-00059160": "and makes the unreal seem real.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00196-00059160-00059304": "Indeed, many of the times", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00197-00059304-00059541": "that when we're happiest when we go travelling,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00198-00059541-00059888": "they're actually the times when we stumble across things we didn't expect,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00199-00059888-00060071": "when we discover things for ourselves,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00200-00060071-00060387": "where we don't have preconceived notions of different places.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00201-00060387-00060724": "And what also makes this worse is selection bias.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00202-00060724-00060895": "Many content-based algorithms,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00203-00060895-00061194": "whether it's a Google search or Facebook News Feed,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00204-00061194-00061427": "the way that it presents information", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00205-00061427-00061822": "is that it prioritizes those things that are the best images,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00206-00061822-00062128": "the most shared images, the most liked images.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00207-00062128-00062389": "You're more likely be shown a photo on Facebook", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00208-00062389-00062666": "if it has 200 likes than if it has 2.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00209-00062667-00063180": "And so we come to think of the best images as being normal, as being average.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00210-00063180-00063432": "And this also plays with our imagination.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00211-00063477-00063586": "That's selection bias.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00212-00063586-00063735": "Then there's persuasion,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00213-00063735-00064122": "because politicians often get elected on the basis of promising things", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00214-00064122-00064427": "that they can't deliver, by raising our expectations.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00215-00064427-00064619": "Who would you be more likely to vote for?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00216-00064619-00064951": "A politician that says, \"I'll fix your problems if you vote for me,\"", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00217-00064951-00065190": "or someone who says, perhaps more honestly,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00218-00065190-00065542": "\"Things will probably be the same, whether you vote for me or not\"?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00219-00065584-00065757": "Probably you'll vote for the former,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00220-00065757-00066004": "but you'll probably be disappointed as well.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00221-00066004-00066305": "And so we're in this constant cycle of expectations being raised", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00222-00066305-00066471": "and hopes being dashed.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00223-00066471-00066645": "It's the same with companies.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00224-00066645-00066883": "I mean, companies are more likely to tell us", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00225-00066883-00067143": "that watches have never performed tasks so quickly.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00226-00067143-00067513": "They're probably not going to tell us batteries have never run out so quickly,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00227-00067513-00067647": "both of which are true.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00228-00067748-00067931": "And so when you have technology,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00229-00067931-00068252": "when you have persuasion, and when you have selection bias,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00230-00068292-00068723": "what that means is that we imagine and demand and expect more", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00231-00068749-00068893": "than reality can provide.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00232-00068928-00069154": "And when the limitless potential of our minds", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00233-00069185-00069403": "is met by the confined nature of earth,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00234-00069431-00069647": "we're disappointed, we're unhappy.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00235-00069671-00070086": "Expectations and disappointments irrevocably intertwined.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00236-00070166-00070516": "In terms of beauty, it's no wonder that self-esteem levels are so low.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00237-00070533-00070705": "I mean, advertisers learned long ago", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00238-00070705-00070911": "that if you can make people hate themselves,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00239-00070911-00071040": "you can sell them things.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00240-00071040-00071301": "Now they're applying it time and time again,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00241-00071301-00071442": "and we see this.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00242-00071442-00071953": "What we see is advertisers showing only the best before-and-after photos.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00243-00071953-00072254": "What we see is pictures of models who are made to seem perfectly", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00244-00072254-00072426": "even though they're not.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00245-00072426-00072756": "We've become a society of complainers, of perfectionists,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00246-00072756-00072912": "of counter-factual historians -", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00247-00072912-00073296": "people who always imagine different and better outcomes for ourselves,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00248-00073296-00073591": "but people whose imagination can't be satisfied.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00249-00073684-00073879": "So that's the imagination gap.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00250-00073879-00074182": "That's why our imagination exceeds reality,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00251-00074182-00074490": "and that's the first main reason why we're unhappy.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00252-00074490-00074735": "The second main type of expectation that we have,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00253-00074735-00075046": "I like to call the interpersonal gap.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00254-00075046-00075437": "That's where we compare our reality to the reality of others.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00255-00075437-00075815": "Put simply, we judge ourselves based on what we experience around us.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00256-00075838-00076119": "If you earn 50,000 dollars in a poor neighborhood,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00257-00076119-00076221": "you'll feel rich.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00258-00076221-00076488": "If you earn 50,000 dollars in a wealthy neighborhood,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00259-00076488-00076603": "you'll feel poor.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00260-00076603-00076739": "If you get a small pay rise,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00261-00076739-00076953": "but everyone around you gets a large pay rise,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00262-00076953-00077113": "you'll be disappointed.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00263-00077113-00077490": "Your gain is someone's pain; someone's pain is your gain.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00264-00077490-00077588": "Unfortunately,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00265-00077588-00077843": "it's a bit of a zero-sum game, or so it seems.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00266-00077886-00078224": "And it's not only relative income that matters;", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00267-00078224-00078454": "it's also relative appearance that matters.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00268-00078454-00078775": "One person's plastic surgery is another's psychic loss.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00269-00078775-00079039": "Indeed, research has shown that we're actually happier", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00270-00079039-00079303": "when we're with worse looking people", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00271-00079303-00079640": "because we're perceived by others to be objectively better looking.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00272-00079640-00079978": "So when your friend asks you to come to a bar or to a club with them,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00273-00079978-00080096": "you know why.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00274-00080096-00080244": "(Laughter)", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00275-00080244-00080461": "And what's particularly interesting about this", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00276-00080461-00080663": "is that we have an asymmetry of emphasis -", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00277-00080663-00080985": "we prioritize, we focus on one end of the spectrum.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00278-00080985-00081209": "We focus on the rich, the famous, the beautiful,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00279-00081209-00081399": "and pay less attention to the other end.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00280-00081399-00081719": "And so we're made to seem poorer, made to feel poorer,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00281-00081720-00082033": "made to feel less successful than we actually are.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00282-00082033-00082309": "It's almost as though we're running on a hedonic treadmill,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00283-00082309-00082623": "constantly striving to be happy, but getting no closer,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00284-00082623-00082846": "because when our standard of living improves,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00285-00082846-00083105": "if everyone else's standard of living improves as well,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00286-00083105-00083382": "we don't always feel happier.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00287-00083382-00083639": "So that's the second way in which we form expectations,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00288-00083639-00083809": "based on others around us.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00289-00083809-00083955": "The third and final way", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00290-00083955-00084322": "is based on our past, based on our past experiences.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00291-00084322-00084530": "I call this the intertemporal gap.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00292-00084530-00084966": "And we're unhappy when our past reality is better than our present reality.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00293-00084966-00085094": "Take two people", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00294-00085094-00085380": "who have the same average lifetime income.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00295-00085380-00085686": "There's person A whose income decreases over their lifetime,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00296-00085686-00085900": "person B whose income increases.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00297-00085900-00086340": "Now, research shows that you're always happier if you're person B,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00298-00086340-00086538": "if you have that increasing income,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00299-00086538-00086765": "even though the average might be the same.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00300-00086765-00086872": "Why is this?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00301-00086872-00087237": "It's because of something that psychologists refer to as anchoring.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00302-00087237-00087518": "We compare to our past, and if you're constantly improving,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00303-00087518-00087881": "constantly exceeding expectations, constantly moving forward,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00304-00087881-00088029": "you're generally happy.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00305-00088029-00088369": "The reverse is true if you're person A.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00306-00088369-00088712": "And so what does this mean in terms of raising children?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00307-00088712-00088904": "I think often we tend to spoil children;", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00308-00088904-00089315": "we tend to give them everything to give them the best start in life.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00309-00089315-00089697": "But often the best intentions don't always lead to the best outcomes.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00310-00089697-00089923": "Yes, we should support children,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00311-00089923-00090104": "but if we give them everything,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00312-00090104-00090315": "it's much harder for them to have what I call", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00313-00090315-00090530": "a positive intertemporal gradient -", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00314-00090530-00090850": "it's harder for them to improve over time throughout their life", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00315-00090882-00091164": "and that actually potentially undermines their happiness.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00316-00091201-00091364": "While I'm talking about parenting,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00317-00091364-00091557": "I think another problem in our society", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00318-00091557-00091920": "is that we tend to tell children that they're special, that they're unique,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00319-00091920-00092167": "that they're one-of-a-kind, that they're amazing.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00320-00092204-00092452": "We tell them they can be Prime Minister or President,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00321-00092452-00092649": "that they can be the next Mark Zuckerberg.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00322-00092649-00092895": "We tell them that they'll be Beyonce one day.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00323-00092965-00093262": "What this means is that we raise their expectations.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00324-00093298-00093568": "And so when that child gets a normal job,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00325-00093595-00093913": "when they start a business, and it fails, like most do,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00326-00093913-00094090": "when they're seeing career peaks", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00327-00094090-00094384": "with a rendition of single ladies in the shower,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00328-00094504-00094770": "they're disappointed, they're unhappy,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00329-00094809-00095057": "their expectations haven't been satisfied.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00330-00095104-00095313": "Yes, we want to give children self-belief,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00331-00095313-00095678": "but we don't want to delude them, and we don't want to delude ourselves.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00332-00095788-00096210": "So what we see is that our happiness is largely determined by expectations.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00333-00096255-00096609": "Our expectations are largely determined by what we consider to be normal.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00334-00096628-00097070": "And what we consider to be normal is largely based on our imagination,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00335-00097070-00097361": "based on others around us, and based on our past.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00336-00097418-00097607": "And so we have these constant battles:", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00337-00097607-00097846": "the battle between our imagination and our reality;", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00338-00097846-00098145": "the battle between the reality that we experience", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00339-00098145-00098447": "and what we think or perceive that others experience;", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00340-00098481-00098793": "the battle between our reality and our past reality.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00341-00098823-00098994": "How can we win these battles?", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00342-00099025-00099159": "I think the first challenge,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00343-00099159-00099383": "the challenge for entrepreneurs and businessmen,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00344-00099383-00099731": "for parents, for legislators, for magazine editors", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00345-00099731-00099950": "is to take happiness seriously,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00346-00099978-00100154": "to take expectations seriously.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00347-00100193-00100572": "I think, often we relegate happiness to the world of art, not science.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00348-00100604-00100738": "We dismiss it,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00349-00100738-00101095": "we think of it in terms of hippies rather than businessmen.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00350-00101125-00101347": "What we want is for entrepreneurs", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00351-00101347-00101588": "to focus on actually improving contentment,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00352-00101613-00101814": "not just increasing consumption.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00353-00101871-00102138": "In terms of winning the imagination battle,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00354-00102155-00102528": "I think it's important that we make it known to content providers,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00355-00102528-00102853": "the importance of actually having realistic representations", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00356-00102853-00103127": "of images, people, and places and events.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00357-00103160-00103295": "And we might even go so far", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00358-00103295-00103635": "as to ban things like digital enhancement in ads.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00359-00103706-00103945": "In terms of winning the interpersonal battle,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00360-00103945-00104289": "I think it's important that governments prioritize income equality", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00361-00104328-00104560": "and that we learn to compete against ourselves", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00362-00104560-00104717": "rather than against others.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00363-00104752-00104987": "And in terms of that intertemporal battle,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00364-00104987-00105353": "I think it's important that we support kids, encourage kids,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00365-00105389-00105724": "but also make them realize when it's impossible", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00366-00105752-00106138": "and not to give them completely unrealistic expectations.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00367-00106235-00106378": "Let me conclude.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00368-00106527-00106809": "We seem to have been seduced into a way of life", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00369-00106809-00107069": "that almost conspires in every way", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00370-00107070-00107335": "against the most basic level of contentment.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00371-00107404-00107683": "We're terrible predictors of what will make us happy.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00372-00107683-00107988": "I mean, anytime monkeys beat you, you know there's a problem.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00373-00108025-00108273": "We're terrible predictors of happiness", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00374-00108273-00108514": "because the way in which we rationalize,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00375-00108514-00108943": "the way in which we make decisions is optimal on the basis of actual levels,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00376-00108943-00109090": "absolute levels,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00377-00109148-00109289": "but the way in which we feel", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00378-00109312-00109619": "is based on relative outcomes, based on expectations.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00379-00109643-00109858": "It's expectation that explains", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00380-00109858-00110162": "why a bronze medalist can be happier than a silver medalist,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00381-00110162-00110441": "because the silver medalist imagines coming first,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00382-00110441-00110713": "the bronze medalist imagines coming fourth.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00383-00110713-00111239": "It's expectation that explains why, often, lottery winners aren't that happy;", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00384-00111265-00111424": "their happiness doesn't last", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00385-00111424-00111743": "because they don't have that increasing level of satisfaction", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00386-00111779-00111897": "throughout their life.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00387-00111916-00112188": "It's expectation that explains why you can be happier", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00388-00112188-00112570": "with an income of 40,000 to an income of 50,000.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00389-00112614-00112924": "We often think of happiness in isolation, in a vacuum,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00390-00112924-00113223": "when in reality our happiness is far more complicated;", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00391-00113223-00113376": "it's far more intertwined", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00392-00113376-00113725": "with our community, our imagination, and our past.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00393-00113820-00114049": "And it's important that we think carefully", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00394-00114049-00114361": "about how our minds work, how our feelings work,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00395-00114361-00114537": "how our expectations work.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00396-00114569-00114905": "And it's important that we change the way in which we make decisions", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00397-00114905-00115333": "so that our thinking process matches our feeling process.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00398-00115374-00115474": "Ladies and gentlemen,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00399-00115474-00115811": "for entrepreneurs that want to improve the lives of others,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00400-00115811-00116024": "as well as for people that want to be happy,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00401-00116024-00116411": "I think the first step is understanding why we're unhappy.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00402-00116454-00116770": "And I hope that the next time, if ever it happens,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00403-00116770-00117096": "that your decision-making prowess is compared to that of monkeys,", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00404-00117096-00117274": "I hope you come out on top.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00405-00117274-00117377": "Thank you.", "9-Lwi8a9lFy-00406-00117377-00117653": "(Applause) (Cheers)"}}, {"audio_id": "9-WzJ1v6LKo", "text": {"9-WzJ1v6LKo-00000-00001935-00002614": "We are going to be looking at a time dependent operations in this lecture. Of course, the", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00001-00002614-00002988": "need for a time dependence, of course, is quite obvious, when we are looking at batch", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00002-00002988-00003501": "operations, you know, time is the essence; how long you take to complete the process", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00003-00003501-00003561": "and so on.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00004-00003561-00004057": "There are several other cases in which, your time dependence becomes important. For example,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00005-00004057-00004528": "if you are starting up a process, how long does it take to reach steady state and what", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00006-00004528-00005003": "are the conditions that you could make use of to see that this time that is required", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00007-00005003-00005744": "to reach steady state is a as quickly as possible, there could be a semi batch operation in which", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00008-00005744-00006440": "you have to remove a material from a process and so on, and how long it takes; there where,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00009-00006440-00007015": "time is a crucial element in several operations where, we talking about batch or semi batch", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00010-00007015-00007467": "kind of operations. So, here, we will look at some examples to illustrate how we can", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00011-00007467-00008152": "deal with such situations, and come to a way by which, we can formulate our equations to", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00012-00008152-00008461": "take care of these kind of situations.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00013-00008461-00009182": "So, first exercise, we would like to look at is for example, start up; I will just take", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00014-00009182-00010868": "the example of start up. So, start up of a CSTR. What do we have? We have a CSTR, let", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00015-00010868-00011775": "us say, to which, material is coming in and material is going out; it is well stirred;", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00016-00011775-00012300": "say, it is C a 0 coming in at v 0. As an example, we will say that there is a reaction, A going", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00017-00012300-00013007": "to B taking place, and these rate functions are a; let us say, k times C a as an example.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00018-00013007-00014504": "Let us say that initially, this is the material here; the initial C a in reactor, equal to", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00019-00014504-00015300": "C a I, let us say. This is the initial condition which, we want. So, we want to see how long", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00020-00015300-00015819": "it takes for this process to reach steady state; number one, and what else that we can", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00021-00015819-00016228": "do to see that you know, the steady state is attained, as quickly as possible. It is", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00022-00016228-00016792": "something that is a great interest to us if you are starting up a CSTR on a daily basis", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00023-00016792-00018027": "for some process. So, how do we deal with this? Let us say we write our material balance,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00024-00018027-00019251": "which is what input, output, plus generation, equal to accumulation. This is our statement", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00025-00019251-00019965": "of material balance. Input; I will say input. This is output; this is generation; this is", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00026-00019965-00020102": "the accumulation, all right.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00027-00020301-00021004": "Let us see how, what we can do with this. I will write this as v naught, C a naught;", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00028-00021004-00021793": "that is input, and then see, v C a; that is output. Then, say our reaction is k times", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00029-00021793-00022701": "C a equal to d by d t of what is n a, which is v times C a. So, we can say that v naught", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00030-00022701-00023322": "equal to v, which means that there the flow or the inlet; I will draw it once again here;", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00031-00023322-00023772": "what we are saying here is that if this is v naught, we are saying that this is also", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00032-00023772-00024554": "v naught. This typically, what we might expect; v equal to v naught, and then we assume that", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00033-00024554-00025296": "capital V is constant, which means that the amount of fluid in the equipment, remains", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00034-00025296-00025757": "constant; that is what we saying. So, this can come out of the derivative and so on.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00035-00025757-00026447": "Therefore, we can write this as C a naught. So, if I say tau, the residence time as V", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00036-00026447-00027308": "by v naught; therefore, this becomes minus tau, and then C a by tau, minus of k times", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00037-00027308-00028477": "C a, equal to d by dt of C a, or write this as C a naught, minus of C a, minus of k tau", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00038-00028477-00029387": "C a, equal to d by d t of C a. I just forgot to multiply by tau. Therefore, let me write", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00039-00029387-00030645": "this as tau times d by d t of C a, plus 1 plus k tau times C a, equal to C a 0. So,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00040-00030645-00031476": "this is the equation that describes the stirred tank during the unsteady state. So, what is", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00041-00031476-00032168": "the integrating factor? Integrating infector is e raise to the power of 1 plus k tau, multiplied", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00042-00032168-00032861": "by; I will put this tau here; there, I will put this tau here. So, it is tau integral", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00043-00032861-00033517": "d t. So, this is the integrating factor. So, we can integrate this and I will write the", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00044-00033517-00034072": "solutions, so that, we do not spend too much time in trying to do what we know, quite well.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00045-00034072-00034742": "So, I will write the solution. As the solution, I mean, we can solve that by the integration", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00046-00034742-00035841": "factor and all that. So, solution looks like this. Solution is C a equal to C a 0 by 1", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00047-00035841-00037023": "plus k tau, plus constant of integration, multiplied by e raise to the power of minus", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00048-00037023-00037621": "1, plus k tau t by tau. So, solution to the C s; what we are saying once again, let us", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00049-00037621-00038153": "just not forget the physics in this situation; we have stirred tank materials, coming in", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00050-00038153-00038808": "and going out. The reaction is taking place. This is v naught and C a naught and C a and", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00051-00038808-00039452": "so on. So, this is the solution. We want to find the constant of integration. At t equal", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00052-00039452-00040012": "to 0, we have said that C a equal to C a i; this is the assumption.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00053-00040012-00040593": "So, if you put this here, you get the constant of integration becomes, we required obvious", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00054-00040593-00041237": "constant of integration; you can just see very easily that is C a i minus of C a naught,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00055-00041237-00041959": "divided by 1 plus k tau. So, this is the constant of integration. You can substitute here. Therefore,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00056-00041959-00042925": "solution becomes C a equal to C a naught, divided by 1 plus k tau, plus C a i minus", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00057-00042925-00043630": "of C a naught by 1 plus k tau; this is the constant of integration, multiplied by e raise", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00058-00043630-00044277": "to power of 1 plus k tau, multiplied by t by tau. So, this is the solution to the case", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00059-00044277-00044783": "of a start up of a stirred tank. So, what is that we are saying; that if you have a", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00060-00044783-00045394": "stirred tank and you started up with c equal to C a; this is initially C a i. So, this", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00061-00045394-00045655": "is the unsteady state behavior of the stirred tank.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00062-00045655-00046210": "Now, let us see what happens at t equal to infinity; this becomes 0. So, what happens", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00063-00046210-00046716": "at t equal to infinity? C a equal to what shall we say? At t equal to infinity, if this", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00064-00046716-00047138": "whole terms appear; therefore, C a becomes C a naught by 1 plus k tau; this is something", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00065-00047138-00047652": "that we know from our understanding of stirred tanks, but what is more important is if I", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00066-00047652-00048426": "ask you how long does it take if we appropriately, choose C a I; the question is if we choose", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00067-00048426-00049119": "C a i equal to C a naught, divided by 1 plus k tau, then the time to reach steady state", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00068-00049119-00049922": "is nil, or in other words, the process operates at steady state from time t equal to 0. On", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00069-00049922-00050663": "other words, by appropriate choice of the initial state in the CSTR, in the equipment,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00070-00050663-00051165": "you can actually avoid that time that you will lose in breathing steady state. This", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00071-00051165-00051821": "is the point that is to be remembered that this time required to reach steady state.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00072-00051821-00052220": "So, let me just put it down in this.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00073-00052220-00053166": "If C a i equal to C a naught, divided by 1 plus k tau, if C a i is so chosen, that it", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00074-00053166-00054722": "is equal to C a naught, then you find that C a, at any time t of becomes equal to 1 plus", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00075-00054722-00056149": "k tau. On other words, the output is independent of time. So, this CSTR is able to reach steady", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00076-00056149-00056723": "state, immediately, so that, you are able to avoid that time that is lost in reaching", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00077-00056723-00057295": "steady state. So, to cut the long story short, what we are trying to say is that start up", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00078-00057295-00058111": "of a CSTR, you can actually, achieve practically, the final endpoint by appropriate choice of", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00079-00058111-00058707": "C a i. If you choose C a i properly, your steady state is obtained very quickly, and", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00080-00058707-00059137": "therefore, your process is able to run at steady state, without losing too much time.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00081-00059137-00059704": "So, this is the most important aspect of this unsteady state that we should recognize by", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00082-00059704-00059991": "an appropriate choice of the initial state.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00083-00059991-00060666": "We are looking at an illustrative exercise to understand how we can apply the design", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00084-00060666-00061614": "equations we have derived. The problem is we have a stirred tank, CSTR to which, a component", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00085-00061614-00062535": "A enters and goes out. A reaction 2A going to B, is taking place; a dimidiation reaction.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00086-00062535-00063197": "The rate function r a is given as minus of k times C a squared. The rate constant k is", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00087-00063197-00063706": "60 liters per gram mole per minute. The reactor works in three atmospheres and temperature", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00088-00063706-00065188": "of 400 c. The problem is in two parts. First part; we have to find out what is the volume", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00089-00065188-00065949": "of this equipment for a conversion of 0.5. We will do that first, and then we look at", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00090-00065949-00066420": "the second part, a little later. Now, to be able to handle a problem like this where,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00091-00066420-00066937": "there is a change in volume, because of chemical reaction; we have to write the stoichiometric", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00092-00066937-00067588": "table and take into account how the volume change can be appropriately, taken into account.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00093-00067588-00068180": "So, you have component A and component B. Component A comes in at F a 0. There is no", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00094-00068180-00068717": "component B at the inlet. At the outlet, if conversion is defined with respect to component", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00095-00068717-00069430": "A, we know that the outlet flow will be F a 0 times 1 minus of x as statement of material", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00096-00069430-00069899": "balance, and component B; nothing is coming in at the inlet and it reacts as per this", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00097-00069899-00070393": "twice A, going to B or A going to half B. Therefore, the amount of B form, will be F", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00098-00070393-00071355": "a 0 x by 2. So, if you add the inputs and the outputs; input, if you add, it is F t", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00099-00071355-00071867": "0; it is the total moles of component A coming in, which is same as F a 0 and the total moles", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00100-00071867-00072500": "of what goes out as if you can add A and B together, you find that is F a 0 times 1 minus", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00101-00072500-00073261": "of x by 2. So, that you know that F t 0, which is F a 0 and it becomes F a 0 times 1 minus", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00102-00073261-00073755": "of x by 2, and you can see there is a change in the number of moles, because of chemical", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00103-00073755-00074130": "reaction. Now, to be able to account for the effect", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00104-00074130-00074582": "of this what we do is that we apply what is called as called as gas law, because this", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00105-00074582-00075012": "reaction twice A going to B, is a gas phase reaction. Now, we know from our gas law that", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00106-00075012-00075736": "v by v 0 is F t by F t 0, t by t 0, p 0 by p and so on, and since, gas is taken as ideal,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00107-00075736-00076464": "we have simply, it is F t by F t 0. Why is that, because there is no change in pressure;", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00108-00076464-00077013": "there is no in temperature and therefore, those effects are removed. Therefore, you", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00109-00077013-00077622": "have v by v 0 is simply, F t by F t 0. What is v? v is a volumetric flow at the outlet", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00110-00077622-00078173": "and v 0 is the volumetric flow at the inlet. So, v by v 0 tells us the change in volume,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00111-00078173-00078661": "because of chemical reaction. Now, F t by F t 0; you can see from here, F t divided", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00112-00078661-00079375": "by F t 0 is simply, 1 minus of x by 2. Therefore, we get v by v 0 is 1 minus of x by 2. So,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00113-00079375-00079837": "essentially, we are now taken into account, the fact that there is a change in volume,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00114-00079837-00080281": "and that effect of change in volume is now expressed, in terms of extent of reaction", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00115-00080281-00080600": "on conversion with respect to component A as reference.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00116-00080600-00081217": "Now, if you have to calculate what is C a and C b, because we require C a in our rate", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00117-00081217-00081780": "expression. We now want to calculate what is C a. Now, C a by definition, F a divided", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00118-00081780-00082229": "by v where, F a is the molar flow rate at the exit and v is the volumetric flow rate", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00119-00082229-00082792": "at the exit. Now, F a from here, we find it is F a 0 times 1 minus of x and volumetric", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00120-00082792-00083513": "flow is v is v 0 times 1 minus of x by 2. Therefore, we find C a at the exit is F a", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00121-00083513-00084199": "0 times 1 minus of x, divided by v 0 times 1 minus x by 2. So, that we get C a as C a", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00122-00084199-00084773": "0 times 1 minus of x, divided by 1 minus of x by 2. So, we are now able to substitute", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00123-00084773-00085410": "for this C a in the rate expression, so that, now we can use that result effectively. Now,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00124-00085410-00086298": "what is C b? C b by definition, is F b by v and that becomes C a 0 x by 2, divided by", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00125-00086298-00086951": "1 minus of x by 2. So, what we have done is that using the fact that there is volume change,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00126-00086951-00087829": "we have been able to express concentrations in terms of conversion. We have done all this.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00127-00087829-00088380": "Now, what is important is we have to calculate what are the values of these numbers?", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00128-00088380-00089107": "For example, what is C a 0? C a 0 by definition, is P by RT; this is gas law. What is pressure", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00129-00089107-00089673": "is given as 3 atmospheres; the gas constant is 0.082 liter atmosphere per gram mole at", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00130-00089673-00090427": "degree k and the temperature is 673, which is 400 c. So, that you find that C a 0 is", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00131-00090427-00091067": "0.0544. Now, what is C a? We have just now said C a is C a 0, 1 minus of x, divided by", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00132-00091067-00091501": "1 minus of x by 2. Therefore, we can now put all the numbers and find out that C a at the", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00133-00091501-00092245": "exit is equal to 0.03 c at the exit. This is the exit; exit C a. C a at the exit is", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00134-00092245-00093030": "0.036 moles per liter and what is C b is F a 0 x by 2, divided by v 0, 1 minus of x by", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00135-00093030-00093422": "2, which you have already said, and if you put all the numbers, it becomes 0.018 mole", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00136-00093422-00094052": "per liter. So, we have calculated what is C a and what is C b, as soon as we also calculated", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00137-00094052-00094586": "what is C a 0. Now, we are in position to put these things in our design equation to", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00138-00094586-00095125": "find out what is the volume of the equipment that is required to obtain a conversion of", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00139-00095125-00095323": "0.5. Let us do that now.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00140-00095523-00096714": "What we have done now? We said v equal to F a 0 x divided by minus of r a and this substituting", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00141-00096714-00097426": "of minus of r a, which is; what is minus of r a? Minus of r a is k times C a squared and", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00142-00097426-00097898": "therefore, I am putting k is here and what is C a, which this C a 0 squared, multiplied", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00143-00097898-00098357": "by 1 minus of x, divided by 1 minus of x by 2, which have derived all these. Therefore,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00144-00098357-00098794": "now we know the volume of the equipment is given by the right hand side. Now, we know", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00145-00098794-00099335": "what is F a 0; we know what is x; we know all the numbers here. If you put all the numbers,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00146-00099335-00099942": "you can get the volume of the equipment to be 6.35 liters; putting all the numbers; k", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00147-00099942-00100225": "is 60; C a 0 is known. So, everything is known here, and therefore, we can calculate what", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00148-00100225-00101154": "is the volume of the equipment, which turns out to be 6.35 liters. Now, the second part", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00149-00101154-00101489": "of the exercise is quite interesting.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00150-00101489-00102019": "Second part of the exercise; what is this in the second part of the exercise. What it", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00151-00102019-00102590": "says is now, as this CSTR, which is running at steady state at an instant of time, when", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00152-00102590-00103128": "the steady state is achieved, and the process is running at x is equal to 0.5; we close", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00153-00103128-00103823": "the outlet valve. All the outlet valves are closed and the inlet flow F a 0 is adjusted.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00154-00103823-00104408": "So, that the pressure remains constant; temperature remains constant. Temperature remains constant,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00155-00104408-00105088": "because we maintain temperature constant. So, question is how long would it take for", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00156-00105088-00105602": "the outlet mole fraction here, sorry, how long the mole fraction inside the equipment", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00157-00105602-00106601": "to become 0.9? Let me repeat; the question is when the process is running at steady state,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00158-00106601-00107416": "we close the outlet valves and we adjust the flow entering the equipment. So, that pressure", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00159-00107416-00108139": "remains constant and we want to find out how long it would take for the equipment, for", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00160-00108139-00108776": "the composition inside the equipment, to reach y b or mole fraction of y, component b is", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00161-00108776-00109167": "0.9. So, this is what we would like to do now.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00162-00109167-00109599": "Now, clearly, this is an instance of an unsteady process. Therefore, we have to set up our", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00163-00109599-00110119": "balances to take into account the fact that it is an unsteady state process. Now, let", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00164-00110119-00110284": "us see how to address this.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00165-00110528-00111455": "Now, what we said is that we are adjusting; let me just draw it once again; we are adjusting;", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00166-00111455-00112303": "we have this feed is coming in, but there is no output. This is all F a 0 and it is", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00167-00112303-00113135": "a function of time. So, if you write a material balance for A and B, you have material balance", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00168-00113135-00113863": "for A and material balance for B. Let us see what it is. Input F a 0 of t, which is function", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00169-00113863-00114474": "of time; output, there is no output, plus generation equal to accumulation. Input of", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00170-00114474-00115226": "B, output of B, generation of B, equal to accumulation of B. We know that there is no", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00171-00115226-00115829": "output of A, because the valves are closed. Therefore, F a disappears. Similarly, if you", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00172-00115829-00116317": "look at component B, there is no input of component B; there is no output of component", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00173-00116317-00116921": "B and therefore, rate of generation of component B equal to accumulation of component B. So,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00174-00116921-00117489": "the material balance for A and B gives us these equations 1 and equations 2", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00175-00117489-00118438": "Now, let us recognize that this is a gas phase reaction where, pressure is constant; temperature", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00176-00118438-00118913": "is constant; volume is constant. Volume is constant, because the equipment volume does", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00177-00118913-00119363": "not change. Now, here is an instance of a gas phase reaction where, temperature is constant;", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00178-00119363-00119800": "pressure is constant; volume is constant. Therefore, we should expect that the number", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00179-00119800-00120395": "of moles inside the equipment from the time, we start this process, would not have changed.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00180-00120395-00120947": "On other words, if you add equation 1 and 2, d by d t of n a plus n b; the right hand", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00181-00120947-00121507": "side should go to 0. That is the requirement of problem statement, because pressure is", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00182-00121507-00121982": "constant; temperature is constant; volume is constant. Therefore, we have the right", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00183-00121982-00122673": "hand side is 0. Therefore, if you add the left hand side F a of; it is a function of", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00184-00122673-00123188": "time, plus r a, plus r b, multiplied by v become 0. Therefore, F a of time, F a 0 at", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00185-00123188-00123904": "any time t, t equal to minus of r a, plus r b, times v. On other words, the material", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00186-00123904-00124415": "balance taking into account, the fact that gas law gives us the condition that d by d", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00187-00124415-00124952": "t of n a plus n b is 0, gives us a result, which tells us how we should regulate this", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00188-00124952-00125614": "process to be able to achieve constancy of pressure, which says, we must regulate the", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00189-00125614-00126308": "flow of F a 0, so that it becomes always equal to minus of r a plus r b times v. So, this", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00190-00126308-00126847": "is the condition that we will impose on the control system that will regulate the flow", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00191-00126847-00127063": "of component A into the system.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00192-00127063-00127496": "Once we know this, the rest is fairly, straight forward. Let us just look at all that, once", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00193-00127496-00128071": "again. Now, what we have said? We have said that the material balance tells us that we", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00194-00128071-00128761": "must regulate F a 0, coming into the equipment as minus of r a, plus r b times v. We also", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00195-00128761-00129329": "know from the statement of a stoichiometry that the rate at which, chemical reaction", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00196-00129329-00130019": "occurs r a by minus 2, must be equal to r b by plus 1, because A is reacting; B is getting", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00197-00130019-00130538": "formed, and as a result, we should have the rate of formation of B, equal to minus of", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00198-00130538-00131458": "r a by 2, follows by from the fact that stoichiometry tells us that A equal to half of B; it follows", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00199-00131458-00132016": "from that. That means, if you can say, we can substitute this result that r b is minus", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00200-00132016-00132703": "of r a by 2 in our equation 3 here, so that, now we get F a 0 of t equal to minus of r", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00201-00132703-00133279": "a, and then r b is minus r a by 2; I will just call this as equation 4. So, you get", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00202-00133279-00134127": "r b as minus of r a by 2. So, that F a 0 of t becomes minus of r a by 2, multiplied by", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00203-00134127-00134877": "v. This is clear. Notice here, that r a is minus of k ca square, is already given in", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00204-00134877-00135363": "the problem statement, which is what is mentioned here where, r a is minus of k ca square.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00205-00135363-00135923": "Now, we can substitute for r a here. So, that now we get the rate at which, the", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00206-00135923-00136422": "material is entering the equipment, F a 0 of t; how it must change its time is now given,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00207-00136422-00136923": "which is r a which is k times ca square v, divided by 2 minus; there are two minus signs", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00208-00136923-00137505": "here. So, that now, we get F a 0, which is the function of time, must be k times C a", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00209-00137505-00138015": "squared by 2 times v. On other words, what is being said in the problem statement is", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00210-00138015-00138653": "that we must adjust F a 0 of t, so that, it is always equal to k times C a squared by", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00211-00138653-00139327": "v, C a squared by 2 v. So, we must adjust F a 0 of t, so that, it satisfies this equality", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00212-00139327-00139859": "always. This is the control system that we must implement. Having said this, now, the", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00213-00139859-00140488": "rest is even, fairly straight forward. Now, what does it mean? It means that if you look", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00214-00140488-00140983": "at the material balance for component A, What is the material balance for component A; input,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00215-00140983-00141209": "output, generation equal to accumulation.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00216-00141209-00141717": "There is no output, because the equipment is closed. There is nothing coming out of", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00217-00141717-00142221": "the equipment now. So, this valve is closed. So, whatever comes in, it can only accumulate.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00218-00142221-00142882": "Therefore, we have output is 0. So, input F a zero of t is already shown in the previous", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00219-00142882-00143503": "description as v times k Ca squared by 2, and r a is what; k C a square. This also,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00220-00143503-00144073": "we know, because r a is given as k C a squared in the problem statement, with a minus sign.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00221-00144073-00144659": "So, we have F a 0 of t, which is v times k C a squared by 2 and r a is minus of k C a", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00222-00144659-00145204": "squared by two times v. So, that we get d by d t of n a is minus of k C a squared by", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00223-00145204-00145690": "2, multiplied by v. So, what we have been able to do by utilizing the material balance", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00224-00145690-00146375": "in the problem statement is to show that the d by d t of n a is now, equal to k times C", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00225-00146375-00146603": "a square v by 2.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00226-00146603-00147107": "Now, having said this, we can go forward and carry out the integration. Now, left hand", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00227-00147107-00147722": "side is minus k C a squared v by 2. The right hand side n a is by definition, n a, you know", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00228-00147722-00148200": "of this; n a is always v times C a and v is constant. Therefore, v can come out of the", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00229-00148200-00148774": "derivative which cancels off. So, that we get now that the differential equation, which", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00230-00148774-00149419": "governs the variation of C a with time inside the equipment is given by minus of k C a squared", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00231-00149419-00150161": "by 2, equal to d by d t of C a, which on integration, gives us the result 1 by C a minus of 1 by", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00232-00150161-00150747": "C a, equal to k t by 2. So, what we are saying now, is that we are now in a position to tell", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00233-00150747-00151290": "how long we must run the process. So, that we get concentration of C a as might be specified", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00234-00151290-00151936": "in the problem. What is specified in the problem? What is specified in the problem is the following.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00235-00151936-00153304": "Problem statement says that; let me draw it once again; it says this is closed; we want", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00236-00153304-00153942": "this y b here, to be equal to 0.1. This is what it says. Problem statement says that", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00237-00153942-00155272": "how long does it take for the contents of this equipment to reach y b equal to 0.9 or", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00238-00155272-00156066": "y a equal to; let me write this here; we want y b equal to 0.9. Now, this one point, we", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00239-00156066-00156567": "must remember is that at the instant of time when we close this valve, the processes running", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00240-00156567-00157408": "at steady state at that time composition of A and B; I have written at C a i and C b i;", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00241-00157408-00157885": "the compositional A and B at the instant when we close the valve, were the values corresponding", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00242-00157885-00158537": "to the steady state, achieved corresponding to x equal to 0.5 in the first part of the", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00243-00158537-00158902": "problem. On other words, at the time when we close these valves, so that, it ran as", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00244-00158902-00159551": "a semi batch operation; C a i and C b i was a steady state values that we have achieved", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00245-00159551-00160132": "in part 1 of the problem. We have already found that values to be 0.0366 gram moles", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00246-00160132-00161026": "per liter and C b as 0.018 gram moles per liter. So, that C a plus C b i, at the time", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00247-00161026-00161450": "we close the valve, was 0.0544 gram moles per liter.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00248-00161450-00162020": "Now, we have also said when we looked at the material balance, that p equal to constant;", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00249-00162020-00162570": "t equal to constant; volume equal to constant, and therefore, the total number of moles cannot", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00250-00162570-00163177": "change. Therefore, the concentration inside this equipment, C a i plus C b i must always", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00251-00163177-00163650": "be equal to C a plus C b, because that is the statement of the problem. On other words,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00252-00163650-00164236": "what we are saying is that C a i plus C b i, which is 0.0544 when we close this valve,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00253-00164236-00164812": "that total cannot change as this reaction proceeds, because that is the problem statement.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00254-00164812-00165378": "So, what we are saying now, therefore, is that if you want y b equal to 0.9 or y a equal", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00255-00165378-00166295": "to 0.1, C a by C a plus C b is 0.1 where, C a plus C b is specified as 0.0544. On other", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00256-00166295-00166829": "words, what we are saying is that the value of C a at which we want to stop the process,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00257-00166829-00167379": "is given by this number; C a must stop at 0.00544.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00258-00167379-00168515": "We started at C a i as 0.0366. We want to stop at 0.00544. On other words, C a, we want", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00259-00168515-00169271": "the time required to reach y b equal to 0.9 or y a equal to 0.1; we must substitute C", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00260-00169271-00170112": "a value of 0.00544 and C a i value of 0.0366. That will be the time that is required to", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00261-00170112-00170707": "reach y b equal to 0.9. If you put all these numbers, you will find that the time required", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00262-00170707-00171503": "to reach y b equal to 0.9 is 5.2 minutes. On other words, this whole exercise that we", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00263-00171503-00172199": "have tried to illustrate the use of design equations is essentially, tell how we can", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00264-00172199-00172786": "use the design equations for unsteady state process, like a stirred tank, to understand", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00265-00172786-00173324": "how a semi batch process can be understood, can be modeled, can be regulated, depending", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00266-00173324-00174007": "upon the statements of the process or depending on the requirements of the process we are dealing with.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00267-00174123-00174881": "The third exercise, we want to look at is the following that you have a chemical reactor.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00268-00175306-00176504": "Now, the output goes to a condenser, and then you have the reaction taking place is A plus", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00269-00176504-00178542": "B going to C plus D. D is volatile, and the reaction is minus of k to C a and C b. You", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00270-00178542-00179527": "have a batch, starting with n a 0 and n b 0. So, this is the exercise in front of us.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00271-00179527-00180164": "You have a reaction A plus B going to C plus D and the product D is volatile. Therefore,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00272-00180164-00181137": "we are able to boil it off, and then condense it. Now, the question in front of us is how", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00273-00181137-00181716": "the volume of fluid in this equipment will change with time. Of course, this is relevant", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00274-00181716-00182189": "event in a commercial practical situation, because if you are having this in a practical", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00275-00182189-00182652": "situation, you will have to find out, I mean, what is the volume that is left unreacted,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00276-00182652-00183114": "so that, you know, you can start the next batch. See, you must you know whether, it", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00277-00183114-00183892": "is to what extent, the fluids have been consumed. So, this has got very practical significance.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00278-00183892-00185355": "The data given is N a 0 equal to 1 kilo mole; N b 0 is given as 1 kilo mole. Then, density", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00279-00185355-00186346": "is given as 20 kilo mole per cubic meter; this is for the fluid. C a 0 is given as 10", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00280-00186346-00187227": "kilo mole per cubic meter and C b 0 is also given as 10 kilo mole per cubic meter. The", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00281-00187227-00187886": "problem statement is that you have a batch equipment in which, you have N a 0 moles of", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00282-00187886-00188554": "A and N b 0 moles of B, and then the fluid density mixture is given as 20 kilo moles", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00283-00188554-00189175": "per cubic meter; C a 0 and C b 0s are given and this reaction, A plus B going to C plus", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00284-00189175-00190180": "D, and the rate function is minus of k C a C b; second order reaction.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00285-00190180-00190769": "Question is what is the volume of fluid left in the equipment, after a given extent of", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00286-00190769-00191725": "time? Let us see how to understand this. Our stoichiometry is what; N a equal to N a 0", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00287-00191725-00192655": "times 1 minus of the x; we know this. N b is equal to N b 0 times N a 0 x; we know this.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00288-00192655-00193840": "N c is N c 0, which is plus N a 0 x and N d is N d 0 plus N a 0 x; I have canceled this", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00289-00193840-00194849": "off, because it is not there, initially. Now, if you write a material balance for A, what", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00290-00194849-00195759": "do we get? Input and, sorry, I am writing material balance for D, sorry, not D. There", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00291-00195759-00196711": "is no input of D here. Output, you notice here is that this D, is going out here; this", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00292-00196711-00197863": "D is coming out here. So, F d plus R d times v equal to 0. Why is it 0? It is 0, because", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00293-00197863-00198421": "N d does not accumulate. What is the question? Question, we are having in front of us is", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00294-00198421-00198935": "that as the reaction occurs, the D formed being volatile; it is rapidly removed. Therefore,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00295-00198935-00199692": "there is no accumulation of D in the equipment. That is why we have this input. This is input;", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00296-00199692-00200264": "this is output; this is generation of component D; this is accumulation of component D, all", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00297-00200264-00200924": "right. So, there is no input. What is R d? R d by definition, what we have said is that", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00298-00200924-00201874": "R d is k C a C b times v. On other words, R d is same as, I mean, we can even say this", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00299-00201874-00202902": "R d is same as R a V with the minus sign; is it all right, because whatever is the;", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00300-00202902-00203399": "what should I say; whatever is with the minus sign, whatever is the D a formed; a consumed", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00301-00203399-00203629": "is in D formed, all right.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00302-00203860-00204979": "Essentially, what we are saying is suppose, you write a material balance for A. We get", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00303-00204979-00205636": "d N a by d t; there is no input, no output; there must be equal to R a V. Now, N a is", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00304-00205636-00206408": "what? N a 0 times d x d t; that we know, equal to minus of R a V; this also we know. N a", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00305-00206408-00207653": "0 d x d t equal to what is this R d; we know from our stoichiometry, R a by minus 1 is", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00306-00207653-00208408": "equal to R d by plus 1. So, R a R d; this is minus R a V is equal to plus R d. So, this", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00307-00208408-00209056": "is simply equal to R d V; is that clear? What we are saying? What we are saying is that,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00308-00209056-00209703": "F d, you can see here; no need to write this; F d equal to R d V.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00309-00209703-00210408": "So, this actually, gives you; let me just write it here; F d equal to R d V; this will", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00310-00210408-00211037": "come from the material balance for D. Now, R a equal to minus of R d; therefore, this", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00311-00211037-00211534": "is equal to F d. That is what we are saying. So, what we are saying is that this is equal", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00312-00211534-00212761": "to F d. Now, we also know the rate at which, volume must be equal to F d. Whatever is the", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00313-00212761-00213417": "change in mass of the fluid in the equipment, must be equal to the rate of change of F d;", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00314-00213417-00214158": "is it clear; where, royal refers to molar density of the mixture and so on. So, we can", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00315-00214158-00214684": "look at these two equations. You can see this equation and this equation. We can see here", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00316-00214684-00215140": "since, they are both equal to F d; therefore, N a 0 d x d t must be equal to d by d t. Let", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00317-00215140-00215538": "me write this for you, and then let us look at it, once again. So, what we are saying", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00318-00215538-00216471": "is that N a 0 d x d t; please note here; N a 0 d x d t equal to F d; d by d t of v l", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00319-00216471-00217356": "is also equal to F d. So, you notice here; d by d t of v l; here, v l is, this is decreasing;", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00320-00217356-00218014": "therefore, there must be a minus sign here. That is why I put a minus sign here. So, what do we get?", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00321-00218083-00218907": "So, what we get here is that N a zero d x d t must be equal to minus of d by d t of", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00322-00218907-00220503": "rho l times V. That is equal to minus of rho l times d V d t, equal to N a 0 d x d t or", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00323-00220503-00222011": "we can write N a 0, sorry, d V d x equal to N a 0, divided by rho l with the minus sign;", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00324-00222011-00222514": "is that right? What we are saying; that means, rate at which, volume changes with respect", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00325-00222514-00223146": "to extent of reaction, is a N a 0 by rho l. So, I have written this as; we can integrate", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00326-00223146-00223878": "this and so on. So, let me integrate this. I will get V equal to V 0 minus of N a 0 x,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00327-00223878-00225398": "divided by rho l. I will write this as V 0 minus of C a 0 x by rho l; is it all right?", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00328-00225398-00226336": "C a 0 x by into V; N a 0 is C a 0 times v, x by rho l. So, I can write V 0. So, I will", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00329-00226336-00227442": "just write this here. So, V 0 multiplied by 1 minus of epsilon l times x. What is epsilon", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00330-00227442-00228419": "l? Epsilon l equal to C a 0 by rho l; this is what we are saying.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00331-00228419-00229044": "What we achieved? What we have achieved is that we have an instance of a chemical reaction.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00332-00229044-00229433": "Let me just go back to this chemical reaction that we have.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00333-00229433-00230073": "We have this chemical reaction, A plus B goes to C plus D; D is volatile. So, that as this", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00334-00230073-00230473": "reaction proceeds, the D being volatile, it can be boiled off; therefore, the volume keeps", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00335-00230473-00230960": "on decreasing, because D is going away. So, that is a question that we have in front of us.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00336-00230984-00231692": "We have shown from our material balance that N a 0 d x d t is F d and similarly, d by d", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00337-00231692-00232125": "t V is also minus of F d; therefore, we can equate these two. That is what we have done", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00338-00232125-00232612": "and found that the rate at the volume change is related to conversion like this.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00339-00232612-00233440": "So, V 0 and conversion are related like this. So, this is the relationship we will keep", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00340-00233440-00234326": "with us. Let me write that once again. We say that V equal to V 0 minus, sorry, V 0,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00341-00234326-00234767": "1 minus epsilon l by x, all right.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00342-00234767-00235442": "Now, let us go back to our equations, N a 0 times d x d t; see, this is our equation,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00343-00235442-00236079": "which is minus of k C a times C b times V. Now, this V, we can substitute from here.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00344-00236079-00237052": "That was the idea. So, we have N a 0 d x d t, equal to minus of k C a. What is C a, which", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00345-00237052-00237894": "is N a by V and what is C b, is N b by V, and this is V are equal to minus of k. N a", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00346-00237894-00238639": "0, 1 minus of x; they are both equal; therefore, I will put like this. It is V, which is V", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00347-00238639-00239567": "0 times 1 minus of epsilon l x. So, it is equal to; one N a 0 gets canceled off. So,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00348-00239567-00240723": "it is k C a 0, 1 minus of x whole square, divided by 1 minus of epsilon l x, equal to", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00349-00240723-00241503": "d x and d t; is that clear? We can solve this now. It is a fairly simple thing to solve this.", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00350-00241655-00242694": "We have now, our equation is d x d t, equal to minus, sorry, plus k both sides, sorry,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00351-00242694-00243207": "N a 0; this will be a minus sign here; will be a minus here; I forgot the minus sign here,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00352-00243207-00244084": "the minus sign here. So, d x d t becomes k C a 0, 1 minus of x whole square, divided", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00353-00244084-00244769": "by 1 minus of epsilon l x. So, we can solve this, and then the solution is fairly, simple;", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00354-00244769-00245807": "k 0 t equal to 1 plus x, divided by 1 minus of x, plus epsilon l, l in 1 minus of x; all", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00355-00245807-00246442": "right. Now, basically, what it means is that once you are given what is the m extent to", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00356-00246442-00247042": "which, you want to remove; once x is given, you can find t or when t is given, x can be", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00357-00247042-00247373": "found out. Basically, this is the equation, which determines", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00358-00247373-00248216": "what happens to the process, and V equal to V 0 into 1 minus of epsilon l times x. So,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00359-00248216-00248721": "all the data is given; therefore, you can calculate what is the, I mean, basically,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00360-00248721-00249512": "x, t, V; there are three things here. So, if you want to calculate, if two are given,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00361-00249512-00249980": "the third can be found out. So, essentially, depending upon what is specified in the exercise,", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00362-00249980-00250719": "in this particular exercise, what is specified is 80 percent; x is given as. If you put x", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00363-00250719-00251246": "equal to 0.8, you can find t. Once you put x equal to 0.8, you can find V. Here, for", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00364-00251246-00252032": "x equal to 0.8, you will find t equal to; I have found t equal to 3.09 hours and V equal", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00365-00252032-00252923": "to 0.04 cubic meters. So, what we have tried to do in this exercise is the following; that", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00366-00252923-00253529": "we have taken three examples of unsteady processes. First exercise was to find out how long it", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00367-00253529-00254003": "will take for a steady state to be achieved to a CSTR. Second exercise, we took is look", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00368-00254003-00254504": "at the chemical reaction in which, we want to hold volume pressure constant over a period", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00369-00254504-00254956": "of time. We said how it can be done. Third exercise is that we are looking at process", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00370-00254956-00255401": "in which, continuously removing the liquid and how long it takes for you to reach a certain", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00371-00255401-00255864": "extent of reaction and so on. All three cases, essentially, we set up the equations and found", "9-WzJ1v6LKo-00372-00255864-00256138": "out how the different things are related. Thank you"}}, {"audio_id": "9_2sn3Iy2DM", "text": {"9_2sn3Iy2DM-00000-00000519-00000909": "THE REDUCING ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRACTIONS, OR \"RAD\" INITIATIVE LAUNCHED ROUND TWO MAY", "9_2sn3Iy2DM-00001-00000909-00001009": "15TH.", "9_2sn3Iy2DM-00002-00001009-00001469": "RAD ROUND ONE WAS RELEASED LAST SUMMER AND RECEIVED MORE THAN 1,400 IDEAS FROM SAILORS", "9_2sn3Iy2DM-00003-00001469-00001860": "AND NAVY CIVILIANS ON HOW TO REDUCE ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRACTIONS.", "9_2sn3Iy2DM-00004-00001860-00002295": "ROUND TWO -- \"CALL FOR IDEAS\" -- CONTINUES WHERE ROUND ONE LEFT OFF AND ALLOWS SAILORS", "9_2sn3Iy2DM-00005-00002295-00002638": "AND NAVY CIVILIANS TO PARTICIPATE IN THE REFORM PROCESS.", "9_2sn3Iy2DM-00006-00002638-00003070": "THE RAD INITIATIVE BEGAN WHEN CNO RECEIVED FEEDBACK FROM THE FLEET THAT SAILORS WEREN'T", "9_2sn3Iy2DM-00007-00003070-00003507": "ABLE TO FOCUS ON \"WARFIGHTING FIRST\" DUE TO ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRACTIONS.", "9_2sn3Iy2DM-00008-00003507-00003919": "THE INITIATIVE AIMS TO SAVE HUNDREDS OF MAN HOURS, FURTHER EMPOWER COMMANDING OFFICERS", "9_2sn3Iy2DM-00009-00003919-00004314": "AND IMPROVE SAILORS' QUALITY OF WORK WITHOUT LOWERING STANDARDS.", "9_2sn3Iy2DM-00010-00004314-00004723": "MAKE YOUR VOICE HEARD BY LOGGING ON TO THE RAD WEBSITE AND REGISTERING WITH YOUR CAC", "9_2sn3Iy2DM-00011-00004723-00004907": "AND MILITARY EMAIL ADDRESS.", "9_2sn3Iy2DM-00012-00004907-00005166": "FROM THE DEFENSE MEDIA ACTIVITY, I'M PETTY OFFICER TONY ROSA."}}, {"audio_id": "9_8_lH18rN4", "text": {"9_8_lH18rN4-00000-00000319-00000943": "Chords When we keep our eyes on every minimum", "9_8_lH18rN4-00001-00000943-00001716": "detail in Dino Valls's paintings, we discover a melomaniac and an avid reader. The artist", "9_8_lH18rN4-00002-00001716-00002464": "captures, on the panel, many fragments of all the melodies and readings he has been living with", "9_8_lH18rN4-00003-00002464-00003198": "throughout his journey as a creator. We discover his musicomania when we see how he studies", "9_8_lH18rN4-00004-00003198-00003829": "this sound art, and Valls not only researches that classical music", "9_8_lH18rN4-00005-00003829-00004668": "we all have listened to sometimes, but also a music which dates back to an almost \"extinguished time\".", "9_8_lH18rN4-00006-00004668-00005638": "He goes back to the very beginning of music as a written and ruled art. Valls was devouring the ancient monks' manuscripts.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00007-00005638-00006418": "He found neumes which were composed for the liturgy. He, simultaneously, tries to revive the emotions", "9_8_lH18rN4-00008-00006418-00007184": "that believers felt when they heard those chants many centuries ago. A tumult", "9_8_lH18rN4-00009-00007184-00007704": "of thoughts twist and turn in his brain when he confronts a new", "9_8_lH18rN4-00010-00007704-00008565": "canvas. These melodies, poems, philosophy or science and memories swirl around", "9_8_lH18rN4-00011-00008565-00009474": "his imagination. His way of working is a commitment to his own inventiveness and with his legacy", "9_8_lH18rN4-00012-00009474-00010154": "in history. He respects himself and he does not leave any thought", "9_8_lH18rN4-00013-00010154-00011092": "or knowledge in disuse. He claims he mixes consciousness and unconsciousness in each of his works. He immerses", "9_8_lH18rN4-00014-00011092-00012046": "himself in a vortex of impulses and intuition that he later improves and loads with reasoning.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00015-00012046-00012816": "\"Reason tends to be irrationally delirious and unconsciousness should be intellectualized", "9_8_lH18rN4-00016-00012816-00013681": "with consciousness and culture\", his voice summarizes.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00017-00013681-00015762": "Arbor Vitae (1994) In Arbor Vitae (1994), there is a clear example", "9_8_lH18rN4-00018-00015762-00016354": "of what I mentioned about music. This retable refers to the European cultural background", "9_8_lH18rN4-00019-00016354-00016828": "that talks about the Christianization of peoples in a really personal way.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00020-00016828-00017464": "He depicts these medieval scenes with a really fresh perception:", "9_8_lH18rN4-00021-00017464-00018076": "the parishioner used to be controlled", "9_8_lH18rN4-00022-00018076-00018862": "by clergy. Church misinterpreted the Bible. It sometimes understood God's words literally", "9_8_lH18rN4-00023-00018862-00019579": "and spread it in that way to its believers. Valls paints four characters who can be", "9_8_lH18rN4-00024-00019579-00020335": "seen as people who are involved in the clergy world. They are psychologically tortured", "9_8_lH18rN4-00025-00020335-00021178": "by their fear of sin and of eternally roaming in hell. The lady on our left", "9_8_lH18rN4-00026-00021178-00022315": "is the only one who stares at us and who includes us in the scene.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00027-00022315-00023495": "There is an allusion to the biblical Genesis as well as to all other big religions", "9_8_lH18rN4-00028-00023495-00024156": "of the world. The Tree of Life constantly appears in every civilization.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00029-00024156-00024749": "Here, life and death are represented. The person in the middle evokes an anatomical print", "9_8_lH18rN4-00030-00024749-00025340": "and, at the same time, he is a martyr or a prophet. He looks at Heaven, connecting", "9_8_lH18rN4-00031-00025340-00026057": "divinity with Earth through his eyes and hands. His right hand talks to God and his left one", "9_8_lH18rN4-00032-00026057-00026775": "points to the ground: immortality in front of the impermanent sphere. Death is latent in", "9_8_lH18rN4-00033-00026775-00027312": "the skeleton, in the girl who is buried in the predella and also in the nails which torture", "9_8_lH18rN4-00034-00027312-00028097": "the woman on the left. These nails are related to African art,", "9_8_lH18rN4-00035-00028097-00028836": "in particular with the rituals performed by shamans of Congo.  In turn, the young woman", "9_8_lH18rN4-00036-00028836-00029531": "on the right has a stigma in her hand. However, the artist veils ugliness when he puts a gemstone in the wound.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00037-00029531-00030356": "The cadaver buried", "9_8_lH18rN4-00038-00030356-00030947": "in the base of the altarpiece is forced to keep a fetal position since she is tied with", "9_8_lH18rN4-00039-00030947-00031664": "some ropes. In this way, the circle of life is captured. The dead body nourishes the tree roots,", "9_8_lH18rN4-00040-00031664-00032355": "subsistence, and rebirth. There, in the predella, the artist places", "9_8_lH18rN4-00041-00032355-00033252": "music. He hammers scores that contain neumes and psalms. The neumes blow spirituality", "9_8_lH18rN4-00042-00033252-00033911": "(what we feel but do not see). The psalms are those texts that", "9_8_lH18rN4-00043-00033911-00034758": "adorn the sound, the harmonious and organized wind. This is the ecclesiastical chant that praises", "9_8_lH18rN4-00044-00034758-00036194": "God because of the gift of life and, at the same time, we do not forget the Parcae who visit every living being.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00045-00036194-00036780": "Vanitas (2004) Let us direct our vision to Valls's reader identity.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00046-00036780-00037500": "Allow me to mention his painting Vanitas (2004). It is a small and profound panel.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00047-00037500-00038457": "The words we read in this painting are Salome, O. Wilde. They are written on", "9_8_lH18rN4-00048-00038457-00039150": "the spine of the red book, where the character puts her head. This plain work alludes", "9_8_lH18rN4-00049-00039150-00039696": "to Baroque still lifes, those with the same name, where human skulls were depicted.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00050-00039696-00040227": "These works tried to alert humans about their useless vainglory.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00051-00040227-00041055": "Salome is a clear representation of human vanity. She is a beautiful", "9_8_lH18rN4-00052-00041055-00041818": "and a seductive young woman who asks for the decapitation of the man who did not want to see her. The painter is inspired", "9_8_lH18rN4-00053-00041818-00042333": "by Oscar Wilde's words and, at the same time, Valls is thrilled by Richard Strauss's", "9_8_lH18rN4-00054-00042333-00043073": "chords. The Irish playwright and the German musician agreed Salome's death.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00055-00043073-00046767": "Valls brings her head. Alchemy", "9_8_lH18rN4-00056-00046767-00047399": "We have already seen how much the painter is attracted by medieval art and science.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00057-00047399-00047825": "It is a moment in history he understands very well and loves because of all he knows", "9_8_lH18rN4-00058-00047825-00048459": "about it. Middle Ages manuscripts used to be written by people with an active", "9_8_lH18rN4-00059-00048459-00049103": "imagination. They were able to recreate scenes and images that functioned as codes", "9_8_lH18rN4-00060-00049103-00049711": "and those codes should not be condemned by the church. The art of that epoch is so refined", "9_8_lH18rN4-00061-00049711-00050430": "as mankind was eager to perfect itself to resemble the Creator.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00062-00050430-00051022": "Alchemy, what could be considered as the medieval science was a doctrine", "9_8_lH18rN4-00063-00051022-00051702": "which aspired to conquer full knowledge of the physical and spiritual world. Valls brings", "9_8_lH18rN4-00064-00051702-00052205": "many alchemical symbols in his works to talk about his own search of", "9_8_lH18rN4-00065-00052205-00053003": "the perfection of the soul that arises after a flawless behavior. There is one of his works which", "9_8_lH18rN4-00066-00053003-00054233": "shows alchemical symbols in a remarkable way. It is Zadkiel (1988). The key element is the androgynous", "9_8_lH18rN4-00067-00054233-00054940": "character in the middle of the piece, and also the dragon that is", "9_8_lH18rN4-00068-00054940-00055662": "under that character. We see a perfectly symmetric structure where the midpoint", "9_8_lH18rN4-00069-00055662-00056675": "is the hermaphrodite pelvis of Rebis. These characters are introduced to the audience", "9_8_lH18rN4-00070-00056675-00057364": "with language. Valls prefers Latin because it was the lingua franca in Europe then,", "9_8_lH18rN4-00071-00057364-00058075": "and it is still, in some way, considering that it is the root or complement", "9_8_lH18rN4-00072-00058075-00058784": "in many of our current languages of the Western world. The androgynous has the word Rebis", "9_8_lH18rN4-00073-00058784-00059655": "(double thing) embroidered in its apparel. Above the dragon's head, it is deposited a band with the phrase", "9_8_lH18rN4-00074-00059655-00060588": "Ego sum Draco. Rebis can be the first human God created (in His own image", "9_8_lH18rN4-00075-00060588-00061273": "and likeness) and androgynous consequently. God decides to divide this creature", "9_8_lH18rN4-00076-00061273-00061916": "into masculine and feminine halves. He weakens human being making every half seeking each other.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00077-00061916-00062608": "The Rebis on the dragon is a model taken", "9_8_lH18rN4-00078-00062608-00063269": "from some alchemy documents. Nevertheless, we can not know the authentic meaning if", "9_8_lH18rN4-00079-00063269-00063919": "we are not an alchemist. We can perceive it as the reflection of opposites that lives in all bodies.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00080-00063919-00064525": "It can also be understood as the improvement and perfection through the union of the", "9_8_lH18rN4-00081-00064525-00065852": "contraries. In this complex canvas, there is much more.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00082-00065852-00066525": "The title of the artwork belongs to one of the seven archangels. Zadkiel is the", "9_8_lH18rN4-00083-00066525-00067230": "angel associated with planet Jupiter and the same that equates to Thursday. The woman", "9_8_lH18rN4-00084-00067230-00067852": "on the left is dressed in this spirit's color (purple), and its", "9_8_lH18rN4-00085-00067852-00068792": "complementary hue (yellow). She has a Jupiter's talisman with the word SATQVIEL.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00086-00068792-00069399": "She raises her left index finger to show us Jupiter's magic square", "9_8_lH18rN4-00087-00069399-00070319": "that is carved on the wall in the background. A tiny character, who appears on the right", "9_8_lH18rN4-00088-00070319-00071164": "side of the painting holds another magic square of the same planet. These squares are", "9_8_lH18rN4-00089-00071164-00071791": "formed by sixteen boxes (four horizontal divisions plus", "9_8_lH18rN4-00090-00071791-00072482": "four vertical divisions). Numbers are arranged in order to", "9_8_lH18rN4-00091-00072482-00073363": "obtain 34 every time we count the numbers of every side. Throughout", "9_8_lH18rN4-00092-00073363-00074049": "the length and breadth of the painting, Valls paints those numbers with Hebrew letters that have a numerical value", "9_8_lH18rN4-00093-00074049-00075083": "from one to sixteen. Then, the whole canvas is a magic square. When we observe", "9_8_lH18rN4-00094-00075083-00075672": "carefully all the clues the painter is giving, we discover the mathematical structure", "9_8_lH18rN4-00095-00075672-00076618": "of the canvas: there are sixteen perfect quadrilaterals around the Hebrew letters.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00096-00076618-00081379": "Let us mention a last point about this work. If we see what the Rebis holds in its hands,", "9_8_lH18rN4-00097-00081379-00082023": "the masculine side has a compass to emphasize the phallic strength and the perfection", "9_8_lH18rN4-00098-00082023-00082711": "of the circle. In the feminine side, there is a framing square that represents rectitude.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00099-00082711-00083752": "Both melt together in the mathematical principle that rules the universe.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00100-00083752-00084971": "Aracne (1998) Aracne (1998) talks about alchemy.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00101-00084971-00085451": "The big parchment that is hanging behind the characters is a blank sheet with a little annotation", "9_8_lH18rN4-00102-00085451-00086283": "in the lower part, on the right. That note indicates the ancient alchemical motto", "9_8_lH18rN4-00103-00086283-00087023": "Obscurum per obscurius, ingnotum per ignotius. It means that we can get", "9_8_lH18rN4-00104-00087023-00087571": "into darkness and the unknown through our less rational", "9_8_lH18rN4-00105-00087571-00088410": "side. On the wall, there is a series of different diagrams: about Magic, Alchemy,", "9_8_lH18rN4-00106-00088410-00089086": "Cabala, Astronomy, Portolan or Nautical charts: all the human knowledge enclosed", "9_8_lH18rN4-00107-00089086-00089651": "in a room, creating a state of confusion, where all the doctrines", "9_8_lH18rN4-00108-00089651-00091269": "weave together or branch off, giving rise to that multiple creature that is looking at us.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00109-00091269-00092376": "Criptodidymus (1999) Criptodidymus (1999) is a painting that resembles", "9_8_lH18rN4-00110-00092376-00092912": "the previous one, because we see conjoined human bodies again. In this", "9_8_lH18rN4-00111-00092912-00093700": "case, the texts are on the character's feet. Valls puts sheets of paper creating a checkered floor.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00112-00093700-00094489": "The papers come from the Alchemy manuscript Sapientia Veterum Philosophorum Sive Doctrina Eorundem", "9_8_lH18rN4-00113-00094489-00095512": "de Summa et Universali Medicina (18th century). In the panel, some hands emerge.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00114-00095512-00096268": "They are examining the twins' body. The twins share just the same abdomen and a unique pair of legs (it is", "9_8_lH18rN4-00115-00096268-00096899": "a body embedded into the other one). So far, we have the objective description of the painting,", "9_8_lH18rN4-00116-00096899-00097906": "but do not forget that Valls always revolves around more complex meanings.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00117-00097906-00098597": "We cannot approach his works with the intention of understanding them in a literal way. The painter claims", "9_8_lH18rN4-00118-00098597-00099210": "it is a \"painting about duality and about the consequent psychological conflict\". Then", "9_8_lH18rN4-00119-00099210-00099747": "there is \"a reference to Alchemy, activity that symbolically projects that everlasting search", "9_8_lH18rN4-00120-00099747-00101652": "of the human being in the union of opposites.\" Opus Nigrum (2000)", "9_8_lH18rN4-00121-00101652-00102455": "Coming to the exit of this section, we find other two panels: Opus Nigrum (2000) and", "9_8_lH18rN4-00122-00102455-00103507": "Mutus Liber (1996). Both of them have in common that there is an only feminine character", "9_8_lH18rN4-00123-00103507-00104284": "with alchemical texts written on their skins.  In Opus Nigrum we see a girl", "9_8_lH18rN4-00124-00104284-00104848": "facing us, slightly turned to her left. She is staring at us with a distant and fearful gaze.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00125-00104848-00105984": "She seems unsure and sore. On her body's left half", "9_8_lH18rN4-00126-00105984-00106798": "we see a mortified skin with scratches that write twelve Latin names. They designate operations", "9_8_lH18rN4-00127-00106798-00107936": "of the alchemical process: Calcinatio, Solutio, Elementorum separation, Coniunctio, Putrefactio,", "9_8_lH18rN4-00128-00107936-00109677": "Coagulatio, Cibatio, Sublimatio, Fermentatio, Exaltatio, Augmentatio and Protectio.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00129-00109677-00110515": "Mutus Liber (1996) In Mutus Liber, the woman is in a corner,", "9_8_lH18rN4-00130-00110515-00111114": "in a library or studio. In the shelves,", "9_8_lH18rN4-00131-00111114-00111889": "behind her, we can see around twenty books. All of them have different binding,", "9_8_lH18rN4-00132-00111889-00112922": "but the same title is written on their spines: Mutus Liber. There is an Alchemy text with the same", "9_8_lH18rN4-00133-00112922-00113578": "name. It was published in France in the 17th century. The book, more than words, has images:", "9_8_lH18rN4-00134-00113578-00114470": "fifteen engravings that illustrate a chemical process of purification. In this", "9_8_lH18rN4-00135-00114470-00115217": "work, Valls tells us about silence too. Images talk without any kind of sound.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00136-00115217-00115874": "The character is enclosed in herself. At the same time, she points at something on the labyrinthine", "9_8_lH18rN4-00137-00115874-00116596": "lines of the carpet. She wants to give us a hint and everything else is silence.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00138-00116596-00117447": "It is a kind of communication through gestures and gazes. In addition, there are small letters painted on her", "9_8_lH18rN4-00139-00117447-00118190": "back. It implies that the text represents a burden to her. It is a knowledge she must not", "9_8_lH18rN4-00140-00118190-00118848": "reveal. There are more words on her back than", "9_8_lH18rN4-00141-00118848-00119429": "in the twenty books we mentioned. Her skin collects a glossary of alchemical symbols", "9_8_lH18rN4-00142-00119429-00121205": "and names from the 16th century. Pieces", "9_8_lH18rN4-00143-00121205-00122612": "Insania (2007) and Nubilis (2010) are small panels", "9_8_lH18rN4-00144-00122612-00123248": "where the characters seem to be pieces of a museum. The first painting has an imprecise setting", "9_8_lH18rN4-00145-00123248-00123930": "with intense red color. It shows a woman's face and shoulders. Her body was", "9_8_lH18rN4-00146-00123930-00124650": "cut at her chest and then we only see her head and upper chest, which are placed", "9_8_lH18rN4-00147-00124650-00125453": "in a goblet or wooden big cup. She has a label on her right side.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00148-00125453-00126514": "It says: No. 11 -Insania-. This painting is the painter's \"Praise of Folly.\"", "9_8_lH18rN4-00149-00126514-00127089": "He personifies folly, painting it as beautiful as he always paints.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00150-00127089-00127822": "He glorifies this mental disorder somehow. Erasmus of Rotterdam", "9_8_lH18rN4-00151-00127822-00128453": "wrote his Praise at the beginning of the 16th century and he describes \"Insania\" as the daughter of ignorance and", "9_8_lH18rN4-00152-00128453-00129172": "inebriety. That is why he paints her on a cup. Valls gets, again,", "9_8_lH18rN4-00153-00129172-00129758": "harmony in the painting when he puts dementia and beauty face to face.", "9_8_lH18rN4-00154-00129758-00129808": "Nubilis (2010)", "9_8_lH18rN4-00155-00129808-00131248": "Nubilis, for its part, exhibits a young", "9_8_lH18rN4-00156-00131248-00132123": "woman's face emerging from a silk cushion. The spectator can read a label", "9_8_lH18rN4-00157-00132123-00133137": "on her neck: MVSEYM VVLTVVM, 310, Nubilis. It is a young", "9_8_lH18rN4-00158-00133137-00133883": "nubile's face. She looks energetic, with big eyes and a kind way of looking. She could be another visage", "9_8_lH18rN4-00159-00133883-00134130": "among the big museum of faces that the painter envisions."}}, {"audio_id": "9_h6WXYmtyU", "text": {"9_h6WXYmtyU-00000-00000000-00000405": "Stand together, West Australia", "9_h6WXYmtyU-00001-00000405-00000608": "We’re the Wildcats, we’re the Wildcats", "9_h6WXYmtyU-00002-00000608-00000835": "We’re coming for you", "9_h6WXYmtyU-00003-00000835-00001236": "Sing together, West Australia", "9_h6WXYmtyU-00004-00001236-00001447": "We’re the Wildcats, we’re the Wildcats", "9_h6WXYmtyU-00005-00001447-00001691": "And we never lose", "9_h6WXYmtyU-00006-00001691-00001868": "Here we come", "9_h6WXYmtyU-00007-00001868-00002093": "Are you ready? Are you ready?"}}, {"audio_id": "9_mm9GDxrtu", "text": {"9_mm9GDxrtu-00000-00000021-00000172": "The President: Thank you very much, everybody.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00001-00000172-00000554": "It's a great honor to have the Crown Prince with us.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00002-00000554-00001257": "Saudi Arabia has been a very great friend and a big purchaser of equipment and lots", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00003-00001257-00001357": "of other things.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00004-00001357-00001594": "And one of the biggest investments in the United States", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00005-00001594-00001877": "is their -- I guess it's your big investment --", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00006-00001877-00002378": "is buying stock in companies and various other things in the United States and creating", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00007-00002378-00002552": "jobs.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00008-00002552-00002949": "We've become very good friends over a fairly short period of time.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00009-00002949-00003247": "I was in Saudi Arabia in May.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00010-00003247-00003525": "And we are bringing back hundreds of billions of dollars", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00011-00003525-00003676": "into the United States.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00012-00003676-00003937": "And we understand that, and they understand that.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00013-00003937-00004494": "Some of the things that -- have been approved and are currently under construction and will", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00014-00004494-00004848": "be delivered to Saudi Arabia very soon,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00015-00004848-00004969": "and that's for their protection.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00016-00004969-00006203": "But if you look, in terms of dollars, $3 billion, $533 million, $525 million -- that's peanuts", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00017-00006203-00006303": "for you.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00018-00006303-00006403": "(Laughter.)", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00019-00006403-00006503": "You should have increased it.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00020-00006503-00007580": "$880 million, $645 million, $6 billion -- that's for frigates; $889 million, $63 million", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00021-00007580-00008070": "-- and that's for various artillery.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00022-00008070-00008603": "Some of the things that we're now working on", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00023-00008603-00009061": "and that have been ordered and will shortly be started", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00024-00009061-00009952": "in construction and delivered: the THAAD system -- $13 billion; the C-130", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00025-00009952-00010622": "airplanes, the Hercules, great plane -- $3.8 billion;", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00026-00010622-00011611": "the Bradley Vehicles -- that's the tanks -- $1.2 billion; and the P-8 Poseidons -- $1.4", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00027-00011611-00011736": "billion.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00028-00011736-00012040": "And what it does is it really means many, many jobs.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00029-00012040-00012534": "We're talking about over 40,000 jobs in the United States.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00030-00012534-00012836": "So, we make the best equipment in the world.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00031-00012836-00013077": "There's nobody even close.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00032-00013077-00013650": "And Saudi Arabia is buying a lot of this equipment, and a lot of people are at work making the", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00033-00013650-00013961": "equipment, not only for us -- because we, as you know,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00034-00013961-00014402": "we're getting a $700 billion military proposal.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00035-00014402-00014628": "And that's even a lot for you guys.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00036-00014628-00014969": "But we're getting a $700 billion military plan this year,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00037-00014969-00015459": "and 716 will be next year -- $716 billion.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00038-00015459-00015916": "So, we really have a great friendship, a great relationship.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00039-00015916-00016175": "I would really have to say the relationship was,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00040-00016175-00016726": "to put it mildly, very, very strained during the Obama administration.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00041-00016726-00017018": "And the relationship, now, is probably as good", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00042-00017018-00017359": "as it's really ever been, and I think will probably", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00043-00017359-00017612": "only get better.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00044-00017612-00017940": "Tremendous investments made in our country.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00045-00017940-00018337": "And that means jobs for our workers, jobs for our people.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00046-00018337-00018449": "Also, defense.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00047-00018449-00018922": "We're talking about defense, and we're working very hard with Saudi Arabia.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00048-00018922-00019389": "And they're also footing a big part of the bill for defense --", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00049-00019389-00019489": "the whole Middle East.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00050-00019489-00019723": "And we know what's happened in the Middle East.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00051-00019723-00020194": "And it has not been a pretty picture for the United States or for anybody.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00052-00020194-00020457": "And a lot of things are changing, and they're changing very rapidly.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00053-00020457-00020820": "As you know, ISIS is now -- we've recaptured almost", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00054-00020820-00021385": "100 percent of the territory, as you probably have heard before anybody.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00055-00021385-00021807": "But we've captured close to 100 percent of the territory", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00056-00021807-00022028": "held by ISIS.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00057-00022028-00022303": "We've moved very rapidly, very quickly.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00058-00022303-00022650": "And that's, really, coming to an end in that part of the world -- it's coming to", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00059-00022650-00022797": "an end.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00060-00022797-00023194": "And we'll be able to get out of certain areas that we've wanted to get out of for a long", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00061-00023194-00023350": "period of time.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00062-00023350-00023608": "And other countries can handle it.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00063-00023608-00023803": "At this point, they'll be able to handle it.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00064-00023803-00024233": "So, it's a great honor to have you and your representatives here.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00065-00024233-00024333": "Crown Prince, thank you very much.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00066-00024333-00024433": "Thank you for being here.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00067-00024433-00024533": "Crown Prince bin Salman: Thank you, Mr. President.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00068-00024533-00024905": "Actually, the relations between Saudi Arabia and United States of America, it's old relation.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00069-00024905-00025093": "We are the oldest ally for the United States of America", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00070-00025093-00025193": "in the Middle East.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00071-00025193-00025293": "The President: Right.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00072-00025293-00025490": "Crown Prince bin Salman: More than 80 years of alliance", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00073-00025490-00025979": "and big interest -- politically, economically, and security, in different area", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00074-00025979-00026079": "-- a lot of area.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00075-00026079-00026285": "And the foundation for relation, it's really huge", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00076-00026285-00026385": "and really deep.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00077-00026385-00026856": "And a different issue -- we know that today, the relation, it's the cause of more than", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00078-00026856-00027056": "4 million jobs in the United of States of America,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00079-00027056-00027156": "directly and non-directly.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00080-00027156-00027372": "Also, it's a cause for a lot of jobs in Saudi Arabia", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00081-00027372-00027489": "directly and non-directly.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00082-00027489-00027883": "And, as you know, Mr. President, from day one", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00083-00027883-00028508": "you've reached this office, we've planned to tackle", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00084-00028508-00028808": "200 billion U.S. dollars for opportunities in the next four years,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00085-00028808-00029106": "but it ends up with 400 billion U.S. dollar for opportunities.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00086-00029106-00029389": "We've talked to you, Mr. President, about the military deals, the implementation,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00087-00029389-00029564": "and it is more than 50 percent.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00088-00029564-00029950": "And, also, the implementation overall in the 400 billion U.S. dollar of opportunity,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00089-00029950-00030050": "more than 55 percent.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00090-00030050-00030150": "The President: Right.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00091-00030150-00030458": "Crown Prince bin Salman: We planned this for next 10 years, but it happens in one year,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00092-00030458-00030612": "we implement 55 percent, though.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00093-00030612-00030913": "So, this is signal that there is a lot of things", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00094-00030913-00031352": "could be tackled in the close future, and more opportunities.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00095-00031352-00031845": "And that why we are here today, to be sure that we've tackled all the opportunities and", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00096-00031845-00032144": "achieve it, and also get rid of all the threats", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00097-00032144-00032299": "facing our both countries and the whole world.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00098-00032299-00032400": "So, I am very glad to be here today.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00099-00032400-00032569": "The President: Well that's right.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00100-00032569-00032829": "And you know, one thing that you have been really focused", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00101-00032829-00033259": "on is the terrorism threat and the funding of terrorism.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00102-00033259-00033624": "And whether it's Saudi Arabia or other countries, as we know,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00103-00033624-00033746": "there will be no funding.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00104-00033746-00034047": "It is -- we have a zero tolerance for the funding", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00105-00034047-00034353": "of terrorists, and we're working very hard.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00106-00034353-00034572": "And I will say that Saudi Arabia has been working", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00107-00034572-00034974": "very hard on that, as are certain other countries in the Middle East.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00108-00034974-00035219": "When I was there in May, I think it was one of", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00109-00035219-00035550": "the most incredible two-day meetings that I've ever seen --", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00110-00035550-00035683": "that anybody has ever seen.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00111-00035683-00035934": "It was an amazing two-day period.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00112-00035934-00036175": "We had 56 countries.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00113-00036175-00036511": "We had -- everybody was there at the head of every country.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00114-00036511-00036915": "Virtually -- I guess, in every case, it was the head of the country.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00115-00036915-00037193": "And we talked about terrorism and the funding of terrorism.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00116-00037193-00037393": "And it will not be allowed.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00117-00037393-00037553": "It will not be allowed.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00118-00037553-00037984": "That would be the one thing that would end the relationship with any country.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00119-00037984-00038269": "So, I think there's a very big focus on that --", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00120-00038269-00038627": "the funding of terrorism -- meaning, it's over.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00121-00038627-00039008": "And the other thing that I really am very happy about", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00122-00039008-00039341": "is that we talked about 400 billion dollars' worth", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00123-00039341-00039944": "of investment, of which we've already invested and seen invested $200 billion to our companies,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00124-00039944-00040355": "to various other places, and people that make things.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00125-00040355-00040696": "So, a lot of places throughout the United States", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00126-00040696-00041162": "are benefitting by this massive investment made by Saudi Arabia to buy product from the", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00127-00041162-00041334": "United States.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00128-00041334-00041547": "And again, we make the best military product in", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00129-00041547-00041866": "the world, whether it's missiles or planes or anything else.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00130-00041866-00042030": "There's nobody that even comes close.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00131-00042030-00042749": "So, I just want to thank you and I want to congratulate you on everything.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00132-00042749-00042849": "Thank you very much.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00133-00042849-00042949": "Crown Prince bin Salman: Thank you, Mr. President.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00134-00042949-00043121": "The President: Thank you very much, everybody.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00135-00043121-00043539": "The Press: Can you comment on the bombings in Austin,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00136-00043539-00043639": "Mr. President?", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00137-00043639-00043739": "The President: The bombings in Austin are terrible.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00138-00043739-00044122": "The local, state, and federal are working hand-in-hand", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00139-00044122-00044338": "to get to the bottom of it.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00140-00044338-00044931": "This is obviously a very, very sick individual, or maybe individuals.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00141-00044931-00045275": "These are sick people, and we will get to the bottom of it.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00142-00045275-00045502": "We will be very strong.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00143-00045502-00045831": "We have all sorts of federal agencies over there right now.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00144-00045831-00045983": "We're searching.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00145-00045983-00046709": "What's going on in Austin -- a great place, tremendous place -- is absolutely disgraceful.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00146-00046709-00047006": "So we have a lot of power over there.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00147-00047006-00047291": "We're looking; it's not easy to find.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00148-00047291-00047538": "But these are sick people and we have to find them", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00149-00047538-00047680": "as soon as possible.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00150-00047680-00047863": "We have to find them, really, immediately.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00151-00047863-00048437": "I will say, working with Texas, working with the local governments has been great.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00152-00048437-00048855": "But we have to produce, we have to find this very sick person or people.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00153-00048855-00048961": "Thank you all very much.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00154-00048961-00049477": "The Press: How was your call with President Putin?", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00155-00049477-00049949": "The President: I had a call with President Putin", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00156-00049949-00050350": "and congratulated him on the victory -- his electoral victory.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00157-00050350-00050868": "The call had to do, also, with the fact that we will", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00158-00050868-00051278": "probably get together in the not-too-distant future", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00159-00051278-00051778": "so that we can discuss arms, we can discuss the arms race.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00160-00051778-00052196": "As you know, he made a statement that being in an arms race is not a great thing.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00161-00052196-00052571": "That was right after the election -- one of the first statements he made.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00162-00052571-00052953": "And we are spending $700 billion this year on our military,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00163-00052953-00053402": "and a lot of it is that we are going to remain stronger than any other nation", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00164-00053402-00053503": "in the world by far.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00165-00053503-00053791": "We had a very good call, and I suspect that we'll", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00166-00053791-00054033": "probably be meeting in the not-too-distant future", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00167-00054033-00054602": "to discuss the arms race, which is getting out of control,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00168-00054602-00055238": "but we will never allow anybody to have anything even close to what we have.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00169-00055238-00055824": "And also, to discuss Ukraine and Syria and North Korea and various other things.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00170-00055824-00056225": "So, I think, probably, we'll be seeing President Putin", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00171-00056225-00056375": "in the not-too-distant future.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00172-00056375-00056726": "The Press: How are you going to counter Iran?", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00173-00056726-00056826": "This is a Saudi -- The President: Well, we're going to see what", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00174-00056826-00056926": "happens.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00175-00056926-00057067": "The Iran deal is coming up.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00176-00057067-00057516": "It's probably another month or so, and you're going to see what I do.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00177-00057516-00057892": "But Iran has not been treating that part of the world,", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00178-00057892-00058127": "or the world itself, appropriately.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00179-00058127-00058359": "A lot of bad things are happening in Iran.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00180-00058359-00058846": "The deal is coming up in one month, and you will see what happens.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00181-00058846-00058946": "Okay?", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00182-00058946-00059108": "The Press: Your Royal Highness, should the President pull out", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00183-00059108-00059208": "of the Iran deal?", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00184-00059208-00059489": "Crown Prince bin Salman: Well, we'll talk about that today.", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00185-00059489-00059612": "The President: (Laughs.)", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00186-00059612-00059712": "Okay?", "9_mm9GDxrtu-00187-00059712-00059809": "Thank you very much, everybody."}}, {"audio_id": "9_x_O2VeOtM", "text": {"9_x_O2VeOtM-00000-00000008-00001592": "room", "9_x_O2VeOtM-00001-00006959-00006968": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "9_xDxk75s3k", "text": {"9_xDxk75s3k-00000-00012672-00013472": "Hello everyone and welcome to Red United TV. It's your boy Ivorian Spice back at it again", "9_xDxk75s3k-00001-00013472-00014208": "with another match reaction, and remember guys if you're new to this channel remember to subscribe", "9_xDxk75s3k-00002-00014208-00014680": "smash that like button and remember to share because why? Sharing Ivorian spice is", "9_xDxk75s3k-00003-00014680-00015224": "caring boom! and for those who are watching from facebook remember to share as well and smash that", "9_xDxk75s3k-00004-00015224-00015616": "like button and if you want your name to be shown on your comments click the link description as", "9_xDxk75s3k-00005-00015616-00016184": "well and also guys or you are watching on youtube remember to smash that like button also i'm going", "9_xDxk75s3k-00006-00016184-00016616": "to share as well and have your super chats ready for me guys make sure you get yourself involved", "9_xDxk75s3k-00007-00016616-00017008": "those are watching on twitter make sure you tweet that boy and those who want to contribute to the", "9_xDxk75s3k-00008-00017008-00017664": "channel to get the best and better content make sure you even contribute through paypal in the", "9_xDxk75s3k-00009-00017664-00018400": "link description and also by super chat if you're watching from if you're watching on youtube boy", "9_xDxk75s3k-00010-00018400-00019064": "let's get straight into the guys let's get straight into it manchester united neil", "9_xDxk75s3k-00011-00019064-00019792": "liverpool five manchester getting rinse game absolutely trash but i live up to those dirty", "9_xDxk75s3k-00012-00019792-00020360": "scouses those bloody scousers manchester united throw up i don't believe salsa at old trafford", "9_xDxk75s3k-00013-00020424-00021088": "at the street foot and consider so many ghosts absolutely disgusting i've had enough of this", "9_xDxk75s3k-00014-00021088-00021728": "i'm tired guys i'm tired i keep on sleeping only out only out only out that's what it is", "9_xDxk75s3k-00015-00021728-00022264": "right now guys only out and it was saying it mentioned that event have you ever seen this", "9_xDxk75s3k-00016-00022320-00023112": "old trafford being left by fans just around the 61st minutes so many fans leaving this is", "9_xDxk75s3k-00017-00023112-00023728": "an absolute disgrace manchester united losing so badly and if you say the fighter nail was on the", "9_xDxk75s3k-00018-00023728-00024232": "coffin because last time manchester united lost to liverpool against a certain summon against", "9_xDxk75s3k-00019-00024296-00024912": "jose mourinho that was the final nail on the coffin and then the very next day ollie was out", "9_xDxk75s3k-00020-00024976-00025544": "and guys i want to see it tomorrow i want to wake up eight o'clock in the morning and i hope he gets", "9_xDxk75s3k-00021-00025544-00026144": "some into the office eight o'clock in the morning tomorrow if not now probably if they were serious", "9_xDxk75s3k-00022-00026144-00026688": "at tonight but tomorrow at eight o'clock in the morning get him in the office and say good morning", "9_xDxk75s3k-00023-00026688-00027495": "ollie i'm i'm very sure you know what you're here for yes it's your second here's your p45", "9_xDxk75s3k-00024-00027495-00028200": "get the hell out we've even booked a plane ticket to nowhere get your hell ass out of", "9_xDxk75s3k-00025-00028200-00028888": "here get your ass out of here no one can save you not even wrap enough love brook can save you today", "9_xDxk75s3k-00026-00028888-00029583": "because your ass is on fire right now and you saw it in ollie gonna social face guys you saw he was", "9_xDxk75s3k-00027-00029583-00030168": "so damn worried you knew that for sure that he knew he was gonna go his ass was good the fans", "9_xDxk75s3k-00028-00030168-00030704": "booing him calling him all sorts of stuff all sorts of things wanker wanker he deserves it but", "9_xDxk75s3k-00029-00030704-00031376": "it's an absolute disgrace from manchester to get humble getting that humble pie at all traffic by", "9_xDxk75s3k-00030-00031376-00032000": "liverpool our arch enemy manchester united fan it is what it is we're a laughingstock you can", "9_xDxk75s3k-00031-00032000-00032712": "love us we deserve everything that comes to us right now it was a horrendous piece of game for", "9_xDxk75s3k-00032-00032712-00033272": "us to watch and and we we all sensed it the funny thing is that we all sent it before you know what", "9_xDxk75s3k-00033-00033416-00033904": "from the game that we played against atlanta i won't be surprised if manche and i are going to", "9_xDxk75s3k-00034-00033904-00034456": "that liverpool game and start the same way and yes they did they started the same way", "9_xDxk75s3k-00035-00034456-00034960": "straight away two-nil down in that first 41st 20 minutes guys in that", "9_xDxk75s3k-00036-00034960-00035368": "first 20 minutes manchester united was too new done and you knew exactly from then", "9_xDxk75s3k-00037-00035520-00035968": "we're gonna get pepped we're gonna get sex up we're gonna get moved to you know we're gonna", "9_xDxk75s3k-00038-00035968-00036528": "get pumped you know we got doggy start today we bent over for liverpool tonight you know we said", "9_xDxk75s3k-00039-00036528-00036904": "you know what let me benefit for you you know what g do you want some lube or do you want preferred", "9_xDxk75s3k-00040-00036904-00037336": "vaseline or you can print my spit because i want to know what you like because if we're", "9_xDxk75s3k-00041-00037336-00037808": "going to do this right it's going to be the way you like it right and yes we did exactly what we", "9_xDxk75s3k-00042-00037808-00038248": "what we had to do for luke would bend over give them spit on top of that give them vaseline and", "9_xDxk75s3k-00043-00038248-00038728": "give them lou for them to get it and give it to up our us because that's what we got today we got", "9_xDxk75s3k-00044-00038728-00039576": "it up for our state ah guys i am so down next i'm so hungry manchester united fans let's go straight", "9_xDxk75s3k-00045-00039576-00040248": "to that first 45 minutes you know big up to muhammad as well who's tuned in big up to you and", "9_xDxk75s3k-00046-00040248-00040784": "we're just about to get live and kicking those for you that are watching as well make sure you put in", "9_xDxk75s3k-00047-00040784-00041208": "your comments as well but let's get straight into that first 45 minutes i have to say that", "9_xDxk75s3k-00048-00041208-00042016": "first 45 minutes was poor it was so dis just it was disappointing guys to see manchester united", "9_xDxk75s3k-00049-00042016-00042736": "crumble like that so damn early in the first 20 to 30 minutes against liverpool says a lot", "9_xDxk75s3k-00050-00042848-00043656": "poor poor poor horrendous i i thought mention i could do way better plus in that second half guys", "9_xDxk75s3k-00051-00043776-00044296": "you was thinking to yourself come on manchester united you you you can do well you can do better", "9_xDxk75s3k-00052-00044296-00044800": "even though well five nil i'm in the world like four nil down in that first 45 minutes and mention", "9_xDxk75s3k-00053-00044800-00045608": "that fans booing yeah we understand that you you you can probably cut the courage i know", "9_xDxk75s3k-00054-00045608-00046272": "but do better do better perform better imagine i didn't do that they didn't perform at all in", "9_xDxk75s3k-00055-00046272-00046984": "that second half they just got it just got worse and with paul pogba as well ah getting sent off", "9_xDxk75s3k-00056-00047128-00047704": "yes atrocious guys then what can we do it the ryan was on the wall the moment that paul pogba got", "9_xDxk75s3k-00057-00047704-00048424": "sent off it really was i just said it yeah that's it well done what i'm for we're already done", "9_xDxk75s3k-00058-00048424-00049064": "for like olly would we definitely lost his game definitely love this match definitely lost his job", "9_xDxk75s3k-00059-00049064-00049600": "it's all over for wally connor social and and the right ones on the walkers and i told you", "9_xDxk75s3k-00060-00049600-00050208": "manchester united those who are so damn polly anyway give the manager a chance you know back", "9_xDxk75s3k-00061-00050208-00050752": "the club back the manager yes yes but if you want better for your club you should have realized guys", "9_xDxk75s3k-00062-00050752-00051168": "you should have realized you but you should have recognized you really should have recognized", "9_xDxk75s3k-00063-00051248-00051879": "oh look look at the situation right now mention that and get humbled get in a humiliated by", "9_xDxk75s3k-00064-00051879-00052520": "liverpool or traffic says you're old man we can't stick with this we can't live with this anymore", "9_xDxk75s3k-00065-00052520-00053128": "we have to move on guys we definitely have to move on from this in that first score especially", "9_xDxk75s3k-00066-00053128-00053655": "that first goal liverpool so damn easy guys to go that we conceded against so much so long", "9_xDxk75s3k-00067-00054096-00054448": "it's so easy we saw them open", "9_xDxk75s3k-00068-00054672-00055176": "like and it was even more sorry it wasn't even also that's what the first girl was navigator", "9_xDxk75s3k-00069-00055176-00055696": "who's with the first happen and then two no in jotter as well maguire is sure making love to", "9_xDxk75s3k-00070-00055696-00056088": "each other i don't know that's what i call it i couldn't make another show because she always", "9_xDxk75s3k-00071-00056088-00056608": "wants to and mcgregor always wants to f up as soon as he comes back from the stupid engine especially", "9_xDxk75s3k-00072-00056608-00057120": "in the big games he just wants to grab up sure do you have a thing for sure because i remember you", "9_xDxk75s3k-00073-00057120-00057632": "doing this last time you grabbed up and touched shot pulls i mean sure put him out the way", "9_xDxk75s3k-00074-00057632-00058208": "making love to show the time do you have feelings towards new show because why why did you guys do", "9_xDxk75s3k-00075-00058208-00058879": "it it was so damn clumsy by luke shaw and mcguire for us to concede that goal the second goal and", "9_xDxk75s3k-00076-00058879-00059672": "then the phone call mel said that again huh i was looking piqued by then yeah by that time", "9_xDxk75s3k-00077-00059672-00060408": "all those match united fans were just saying yep writing on the wall we are out he's out early out", "9_xDxk75s3k-00078-00060408-00061104": "and then four nil just getting worse it's getting horrifying my guts was just done i was down guys", "9_xDxk75s3k-00079-00061104-00061616": "by that time i was crying manchester united fan and then from five nil when pogba got sent off", "9_xDxk75s3k-00080-00061720-00062264": "after losing the ball so damn easy but i'll be like wanted i only got a search to go home so", "9_xDxk75s3k-00081-00062264-00062840": "badly he's like you know what i don't want you no more i don't like you i want to get sent off and", "9_xDxk75s3k-00082-00062840-00063296": "i want to keep the pull away as well and what she did he gave the pull away liverpool can score in", "9_xDxk75s3k-00083-00063296-00063824": "another goal making it five nil little more solo and on top of that getting sent off even though", "9_xDxk75s3k-00084-00063824-00064528": "ronaldo scored a goal via came into it disallowed it but yeah it is what it is manchester united", "9_xDxk75s3k-00085-00064528-00065096": "fan players of course let's talk about nick tommy about pick up two guys big up to football capital", "9_xDxk75s3k-00086-00065096-00065584": "that says that it's time for a change it truly is time for a change guys as always guys remember to", "9_xDxk75s3k-00087-00065584-00066008": "smash that like button to share also remember to subscribe and also get your super chat in if", "9_xDxk75s3k-00088-00066008-00066472": "you want to contribute as well to the channel and also press the description to contribute", "9_xDxk75s3k-00089-00066472-00067336": "towards via paypal but yes queen says no way early in i know you're trolling only definitely not in", "9_xDxk75s3k-00090-00067336-00067960": "early out there's time for a change we need to move on like the relationship is still only sleeps", "9_xDxk75s3k-00091-00067960-00068376": "on the sofa these days don't even sleep with us on the bed no more the guy is like sleeping", "9_xDxk75s3k-00092-00068376-00069072": "on the sofa nowadays that's how you know he's getting no love from us but yeah back to mctominay", "9_xDxk75s3k-00093-00069160-00069712": "i have to say my tummy is horrendous he's [ __ ] he has nothing to offer to us", "9_xDxk75s3k-00094-00069712-00070336": "he hasn't he doesn't show up he stole all the time hides in games guys mctominay hides in game he", "9_xDxk75s3k-00095-00070336-00070960": "makes himself unavailable to receive passes and and help progress the ball up up the pitch he's", "9_xDxk75s3k-00096-00070960-00071536": "not there he's never there he doesn't show himself people say well mcfred i mean fred fred fred this", "9_xDxk75s3k-00097-00071536-00072168": "and that but you have to look at me too many as well he was so damn horrible as well never showing", "9_xDxk75s3k-00098-00072168-00072736": "himself they got queen as well said the boys are not great no matter the matter the manager", "9_xDxk75s3k-00099-00072736-00073512": "the players are just subpar yeah i don't think the ma the players are that's a part we are fantastic", "9_xDxk75s3k-00100-00073512-00073976": "players right now it's just that we don't have that manage to get us anywhere in the field", "9_xDxk75s3k-00101-00074048-00074624": "to get to give us success as well and also another thing that pace [ __ ] was meguian", "9_xDxk75s3k-00102-00074680-00075176": "because that was horrible couldn't put pogba who had 15 minutes capital to get sent off", "9_xDxk75s3k-00103-00075176-00075512": "why why why not include him in the storyline if he's gonna get sent off", "9_xDxk75s3k-00104-00075648-00076504": "and of course as well ronaldo just not there today had one of his worst games and we did", "9_xDxk75s3k-00105-00076504-00076976": "not play through his strengths we definitely do not play toronto and i know he's frustrated", "9_xDxk75s3k-00106-00076976-00077320": "especially in the game like this against liverpool he's probably annoying he looks like everyone is", "9_xDxk75s3k-00107-00077320-00077840": "also in the dressing room thinking kiss my teeth you guys make me sick and the melon just well not", "9_xDxk75s3k-00108-00077840-00078464": "knowing not knowing what he's doing as well and right now all he's looking so damn suspect guys", "9_xDxk75s3k-00109-00078464-00078912": "guys smash that like button as well new liverpool fans get the hell out of here as well guys it's", "9_xDxk75s3k-00110-00078912-00079336": "been a horrible game for manchester united it's been a horrible day for manchester in general it's", "9_xDxk75s3k-00111-00079336-00079960": "been the worst day of them all five know one of the biggest defeat we've ever taken from liverpool", "9_xDxk75s3k-00112-00079960-00080424": "you know we have to go to work tomorrow make sure that you're making us go to work tomorrow hiding", "9_xDxk75s3k-00113-00080424-00080960": "like tommy does in midfield hiding to receive the past i am going to be avoiding all my work", "9_xDxk75s3k-00114-00080960-00081432": "colleagues people young kids at school have to go to you don't get to go to school have to go to", "9_xDxk75s3k-00115-00081432-00081952": "school and hide from your friends you know mental health manchester united you're destroying our", "9_xDxk75s3k-00116-00081952-00082432": "mental health mention you're hiring us we can't go to it you can't show our face we can't go to", "9_xDxk75s3k-00117-00082432-00082896": "school we can't study in peace because why the ups will be all up in her ears look at that now", "9_xDxk75s3k-00118-00082952-00083632": "arsenal are laughing at us right now they are level on points with us ah arsenal are leveled", "9_xDxk75s3k-00119-00083632-00084184": "on point of view we was laughing at them not so long ago but look at us now embarrassing", "9_xDxk75s3k-00120-00084288-00084880": "big up to football capital says that klopp said that a half time to he the player that needed", "9_xDxk75s3k-00121-00084880-00085352": "to play better come on to his place i knew that club probably said definitely you don't want to", "9_xDxk75s3k-00122-00085352-00085864": "motivate them he said he said look at these scrubs mentioning with their scrubbish man ninja they're", "9_xDxk75s3k-00123-00085864-00086240": "not even playing you guys are playing [ __ ] now you know having to play better and so they did", "9_xDxk75s3k-00124-00086240-00086640": "they play better escort one more goal and cemented it that's that's what a role manager wants to do", "9_xDxk75s3k-00125-00086640-00087152": "when she wants to go for the kill and live and ali himself doesn't know what it's like to go for the", "9_xDxk75s3k-00126-00087152-00087752": "kill he's never was a hunter i can tell what what kind of fake viking is this this is going rate it", "9_xDxk75s3k-00127-00087752-00088248": "doesn't even rain too much you know you don't rain in other stadiums parades like y'all go and steal", "9_xDxk75s3k-00128-00088248-00088840": "everything take their goldness and everything you know take their gold take everything their", "9_xDxk75s3k-00129-00088840-00089408": "trophies you know you don't pack them in you don't raid you're the worst viking i've ever heard of", "9_xDxk75s3k-00130-00089408-00090008": "ragnarok spirit is not with you my friend big up queen said that the team can't always depend on", "9_xDxk75s3k-00131-00090008-00090920": "ronaldo you guys are over hyped him yeah and then also wally gonna social i have a message for you", "9_xDxk75s3k-00132-00091048-00091736": "pack your bags just leave you know what you know what just just just leave the car tree don't even", "9_xDxk75s3k-00133-00091736-00092176": "go back to know it you know what just leave earth just leave earth just leave earth because you're", "9_xDxk75s3k-00134-00092176-00092680": "an embarrassment you're not going to get in any other job yeah don't you don't even deserve it", "9_xDxk75s3k-00135-00092680-00093440": "you never go you don't you don't have the charisma you have the balls you have the minerals whatever", "9_xDxk75s3k-00136-00093440-00094000": "to manage menstruate you just don't have it you never never don't have the it factor you never was", "9_xDxk75s3k-00137-00094000-00094632": "it me and all this sentiment about uh x manager is legend and right stuff get it out spin it you dig", "9_xDxk75s3k-00138-00094632-00095448": "out your mouth go spin it out and realize yeah this thing's nasty that he ain't the", "9_xDxk75s3k-00139-00095448-00096128": "one definitely ain't the one guys but yes big ups you guys this has been your match reaction", "9_xDxk75s3k-00140-00096192-00096576": "and let me tell you what my man in the match was nothing don't get the match", "9_xDxk75s3k-00141-00096576-00097016": "goes to everyone else for those who are tuning in make sure you smash that like button as well", "9_xDxk75s3k-00142-00097016-00097432": "it is only out it is what it is man let's let's just wake up tomorrow morning and let", "9_xDxk75s3k-00143-00097520-00098024": "it let us see that audi has been sacked because we can't take none of this in any moment this has", "9_xDxk75s3k-00144-00098024-00098432": "been your match merchandise for response remember to follow the official Instagram account of Red", "9_xDxk75s3k-00145-00098432-00098864": "United TV which is @redunitedtv1 baby and also remember to follow the official Tik Tok account", "9_xDxk75s3k-00146-00098864-00099616": "which is @redunitedtv and also my personal instagram account which is @ivorian_spice and the", "9_xDxk75s3k-00147-00099688-00099967": "same as twitter and also the snapchat and last but not least remember to subscribe smash that", "9_xDxk75s3k-00148-00099967-00100056": "like button as always remember to share because why sharing Ivorian Spice is caring and last but", "9_xDxk75s3k-00149-00100056-00100464": "not least remember to contribute to the channel right through the paper in the links description", "9_xDxk75s3k-00150-00100464-00100968": "and also if you're looking for fresh clothes we got that in if you're looking for the only eyewear", "9_xDxk75s3k-00151-00100968-00101440": "for your shades we could add a link description as well and also for catering for food african farm", "9_xDxk75s3k-00152-00101440-00101904": "cuisine we've got that little description as well and those as well make sure you tune in make sure", "9_xDxk75s3k-00153-00101904-00102624": "you keep it so keep yourself united guys big up to whom i said go and do that again liverpool on", "9_xDxk75s3k-00154-00102624-00103208": "sunday we see what happens postcode credit that may happen today that's true and it did it", "9_xDxk75s3k-00155-00103208-00103728": "definitely did make sure you subscribe smash that like button if you need to channel as well and as", "9_xDxk75s3k-00156-00103728-00104248": "always guys if you remember to keep it united and remember to keep it ready right you know what it", "9_xDxk75s3k-00157-00104248-00105040": "hurts special night fans it really does hurt like it really does anyway as always peace out", "9_xDxk75s3k-00158-00105128-00106583": "see you next time tune in for the catch up volume 63 tomorrow at 8pm uk time peace"}}, {"audio_id": "9_-veSj7F90", "text": {}}, {"audio_id": "9_EOJYfDAdk", "text": {"9_EOJYfDAdk-00000-00000338-00000674": "THE CHEMISTRY OF THINGS", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00001-00000753-00001017": "It's part of human history,", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00002-00001017-00001246": "it's one of the most important foods in our diet", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00003-00001246-00001669": "and it's is delicious warm with butter...", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00004-00001669-00001861": "Have you guessed today's theme?", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00005-00001861-00002165": "That's right, we will talk about bread.", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00006-00002165-00002300": "Today in The Chemistry of Things we analyse", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00007-00002300-00002562": "the chemical composition of its ingredients", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00008-00002562-00002823": "and some of the chemical reactions responsible for", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00009-00002823-00003257": "this healthy, versatile and delicious food.", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00010-00003291-00003645": "In our country, a typical bread recipe has:", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00011-00003658-00003922": "wheat flour, water, yeast and salt.", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00012-00003926-00004475": "Wheat flour consists primarily of starch, i.e. sugar chains", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00013-00004478-00004708": "and proteins, i.e., amino acid chains.", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00014-00004708-00004897": "Let's start by kneading the dough,", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00015-00004897-00005356": "which in terms of chemistry is more than just mixing flour and water.", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00016-00005356-00006020": "This process allows the proteins to surrounding the starch granules", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00017-00006020-00006317": "and gives the dough its characteristic consistency.", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00018-00006317-00006722": "Salt is added to the dough and not just as a matter of taste.", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00019-00006782-00007078": "The presence of sodium and chloride ions is essential", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00020-00007078-00007340": "to promote the aggregation of protein chains", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00021-00007341-00007811": "that contributes to the formation of a stronger and less sticky dough.", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00022-00007811-00008105": "Then, the dough ferments.", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00023-00008105-00008443": "During this period the yeast, which is a fungus,", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00024-00008443-00008809": "causes the decomposition of sugar, with the release of CO2.", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00025-00008809-00009235": "It's the formation of CO2 bubbles, trapped in the gluten protein network,", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00026-00009235-00009386": "that makes the dough grow", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00027-00009386-00009637": "and produce the light open texture of bread.", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00028-00009754-00010079": "At this stage there are also a number of important chemical reactions", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00029-00010079-00010280": "involving natural oxidants of the flour,", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00030-00010280-00010657": "through which the links between the protein chains break", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00031-00010657-00010931": "and form in a different place, repeatedly,", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00032-00010932-00011338": "enabling the dough to \"stretch\" without losing its structure.", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00033-00011338-00011542": "Finally we just have to bake the dough.", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00034-00011543-00011963": "And by the way, the golden-brown colour of bread after baking", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00035-00011963-00012204": "is the result of the Maillard reaction,", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00036-00012204-00012581": "so named after the chemist who found that the heat of the oven", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00037-00012582-00012882": "causes a reaction between amino acids and sugars", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00038-00012882-00013116": "which gives a golden colour to baked foods.", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00039-00013116-00013450": "Who said chemistry can't enter the kitchen?", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00040-00013450-00013651": "If you want to know more about the chemistry of bread", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00041-00013651-00013885": "visit our website aquimicadascoisas.org", "9_EOJYfDAdk-00042-00013885-00014088": "or find us on Facebook."}}, {"audio_id": "9_YeGBjMX2y", "text": {"9_YeGBjMX2y-00000-00001098-00001416": "this episode was pre-recorded as part of a live continuing", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00001-00001416-00001842": "education webinar on demand CEUs are still available for this presentation", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00002-00001842-00002412": "through all CEUs register at allceus.com/counselor toolbox", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00003-00002593-00003265": "I'd like to welcome everybody to today's presentation on tips for responding after", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00004-00003265-00003778": "a disaster now a lot of people are experiencing stress right now because of all the Hurricanes", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00005-00003778-00004309": "that have been coming our way and those who've already who have already experienced hurricanes", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00006-00004309-00004777": "that have have come through so we're going to talk about some things that can help reduce stress and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00007-00004777-00005503": "help you get through this initial period after the disaster or review common reactions disaster and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00008-00005503-00006001": "interventions and that includes adult reactions as well as what you might see in children well", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00009-00006001-00006478": "identify common stressors in shelters common issues when sheltering in place because", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00010-00006478-00006988": "staying at home isn't all it's cracked up to be sometimes either and explore how to reduce stress", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00011-00006988-00007648": "and anxiety through facilitated and independent activities and facilitated groups now a lot of", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00012-00007648-00008050": "the things I'm going to talk about today I'm going to talk about from the perspective of if you're in", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00013-00008050-00008572": "a shelter but a lot of it can also be applied if you decided to shelter in place and at your you're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00014-00008572-00009037": "at home especially if you're at home and you have children running around and they're bouncing off", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00015-00009037-00009835": "the walls we'll talk about some ways to try to deal with everything that's going on and maintain", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00016-00009835-00010549": "your sanity the first thing I want everybody to understand that acute stress is a normal reaction", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00017-00010549-00011209": "to an abnormal event people getting stressed out and angry and irritable and anxious and depressed", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00018-00011209-00011881": "right after a disaster that is totally normal and the majority of people are going to recover", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00019-00011881-00012502": "with no long-term effects once their body kind of reboots and figures out what to do everything", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00020-00012502-00013081": "will kind of slowly get back to normal some people will develop some traumatic stress reactions but", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00021-00013081-00013684": "those are not the majority of people especially if they didn't already have traumatic stress or", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00022-00013684-00014419": "other mental health issues going into the disaster people who have a history of mental health issues", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00023-00014419-00015130": "like depression and anxiety or PTSD or even substance abuse may experience a resurgence", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00024-00015130-00015787": "of those problems it doesn't mean that it's going to come back as strongly as before necessarily but", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00025-00015787-00016459": "it is important to understand and there is a risk that you will experience a slight partial or even", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00026-00016459-00017056": "full relapse of your symptoms so you need to be aware of that and intervene early to prevent your", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00027-00017056-00017695": "symptoms from getting bad so when sheltering in place you know we're going to start out with the", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00028-00017695-00018175": "thing that some people are doing just kind of battening down the hatches and waiting for the", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00029-00018175-00018646": "storm to pass if you're in one of those places right now or you're ever in a situation like", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00030-00018646-00019312": "that there can be anxiety about the situation and your safety now this is true not only for", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00031-00019312-00020110": "hurricanes and blizzards but this can also be true for tornadoes we live right in Tornado Alley so", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00032-00020110-00020524": "whenever we have the tornado warnings going off and we all have to go down to the basement and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00033-00020524-00021040": "shelter in place there's always a little bit of anxiety about what's gonna happen if it's gonna", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00034-00021040-00021778": "hit us you know how the the farm animals are gonna survive etc so common it's common to worry about", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00035-00021778-00022333": "the situation and your safety but there's nothing you can do about it except for what you are doing", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00036-00022333-00023026": "so we're gonna talk about some distress tolerance skills later because anxiety is a normal feeling", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00037-00023026-00023638": "that's your body going there is a threat you need to do something Bubba and then you're conscious", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00038-00023638-00024157": "and cognitive mind kicks in and goes okay am i doing everything I can in the moment and if the", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00039-00024157-00024820": "answer is yes then continuing to worry about it is just speeding through energy that you probably", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00040-00024820-00025402": "need to conserve so we'll talk about how to try to lessen the anxiety it's probably not going", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00041-00025402-00025888": "to make it go away but lessen it people may be concerned about loved ones who are elsewhere", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00042-00025888-00026551": "if you're sheltering in place and you've got a loved one who is you know 30 miles away or maybe", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00043-00026551-00027183": "they're in a hospital somewhere or a nursing home you might be worried about their safety", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00044-00027183-00027802": "because they're not with you and that's perfectly normal and there's not a lot you can do about that", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00045-00027802-00028308": "because a lot of times the phone lines get jammed with other people trying to call in and check on", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00046-00028308-00028876": "their loved ones hopefully there was a plan in place ahead of time with the nursing facility", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00047-00028876-00029704": "or the treatment facility where you could check on the status of your loved one feelings of isolation", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00048-00029704-00030448": "loneliness sadness or boredom you're in the house you're knocking around I know after Katrina in", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00049-00030448-00031105": "2005 when we had a bunch of hurricanes hit Florida that year and our power went out and was out for", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00050-00031105-00031780": "we were lucky it was only out for about a week but I had an infant and a three year old and my", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00051-00031780-00032224": "husband was in law enforcement at that point so he was out working the road and it was just me", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00052-00032224-00032956": "those two children and no air-conditioning and I felt very isolated and kind of bored and a", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00053-00032956-00033508": "little stir-crazy because you know there wasn't the stuff that we normally did we couldn't do we", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00054-00033508-00034102": "couldn't drive and go down to the play area at McDonald's so we'll talk about some things some", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00055-00034102-00034852": "games towards the end and things you can do to help kind of alleviate some of the nervous", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00056-00034852-00035575": "energy if you will and and sense of isolation and in loneliness guilt about not being able to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00057-00035575-00036160": "perform normal duties or help out you know some people want to be able to help out but they just", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00058-00036160-00036784": "can't you know they're stuck at home they can't get the car out whatever the case is guilt is not", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00059-00036784-00037354": "gonna do you any good guilt is anger at yourself for something you feel you should be doing well", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00060-00037354-00037996": "if you can't do it you can't do it so what else could you do beating yourself up for something at", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00061-00037996-00038572": "this point you know you're kind of stuck so it's not doing anything but depleting your energy and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00062-00038572-00039346": "any happy chemicals you might have fear over loss of income or the cost of repairs totally normal", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00063-00039346-00040141": "thing to be anxious about so you can start making out a budget you can figure out what you expect", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00064-00040141-00041035": "costs to be and be aware that a lot of times after a disaster you can get with the local FEMA agency", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00065-00041035-00041668": "or the local female representative and there is funding available to help repair houses you have", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00066-00041668-00042445": "homeowners insurance that can help with some of those repairs so there are places you can get help", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00067-00042445-00043036": "and assistance also calling the local United Way after the hurricane or whatever it is has passed", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00068-00043036-00043816": "and the initial rush of everything is over and the phones are being staffed again you can often often", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00069-00043816-00044638": "get information about churches and nonprofits that are also willing to help with repairing homes in", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00070-00044638-00045181": "order to make them safe and livable and changes to eating and sleeping patterns now I don't know", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00071-00045181-00045619": "about you but when I'm home even on the weekends even when it's not a shelter-in-place sort of", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00072-00045619-00046324": "situation I tend to eat more and I tend to gray is kind of all the time and it's tempting to take one", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00073-00046324-00046861": "of those mid afternoon naps when that lull comes at like two o'clock to lay down on the sofa and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00074-00046861-00047440": "take a nap when you do that it starts messing up your circadian rhythms you cook your body quits", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00075-00047440-00048037": "knowing when it's hungry and when it's just eating because it's ordered and it quits knowing when", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00076-00048037-00048553": "it's time to sleep because if you're getting a REM cycle in in the middle of the afternoon then it's", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00077-00048553-00049027": "probably gonna mess up your evening sleep which is gonna leave you waking up tired then you're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00078-00049027-00049549": "gonna want to take another nap and the cycle just keeps repeating itself so it's really important to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00079-00049549-00050221": "maintain your same sleeping patterns now I will tell you you know after hurricanes particularly", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00080-00050221-00050890": "and and blizzards when there's not a lot of sunlight and and you know how it is even just on a", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00081-00050890-00051451": "day where it's really gray outside and there's not a lot of sunlight it's hard to wake up so if you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00082-00051451-00052144": "have power and that's a big if if you have power it's really important to turn on the lights and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00083-00052144-00052753": "not sit in the dark if you don't have power and it is safe it's important to get outside so your body", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00084-00052753-00053425": "knows okay it's time to be awake there is some semblance of sunlight going on that will help set", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00085-00053425-00054100": "your circadian rhythms so you get improved sleep and your body has a better inkling because of", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00086-00054100-00054654": "hormone regulation about when it's supposed to eat and you know when you're kind of not supposed to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00087-00054654-00055399": "be eating people who are in shelters have suffered a trauma and they have experienced loss of control", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00088-00055399-00055786": "and a sense of helplessness if they've been told you've got to leave everything that you love kind", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00089-00055786-00056383": "and go stay in this elementary school gymnasium or something that's pretty traumatic and that the", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00090-00056383-00057042": "expectation is when they get back there's going to be some sort of loss to their house to their", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00091-00057042-00057823": "possessions for some people even their pets who have run away or heaven forbid have died or you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00092-00057823-00058672": "know the scenarios can go on but people who are in shelters are experiencing extreme stress they", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00093-00058672-00059152": "may not even know where some of their loved ones are maybe they got you know they had to evacuate", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00094-00059152-00059677": "quickly and they weren't able to call their from their aunt that was 30 miles down the", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00095-00059677-00060184": "road and say where are you going are you going to be safe so they're wondering if their family and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00096-00060184-00060916": "friends are safe and they're stuck there a lot of times cell phone service is crappy at best", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00097-00060916-00061447": "because everybody's trying to use the same tower if the towers are even working so people can't", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00098-00061447-00062008": "even communicate to try to track down their loved ones and it can cause a lot of distress so being", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00099-00062008-00062716": "aware of this just being aware that people are on edge and they have every right to be you know they", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00100-00062716-00063307": "just lost control of a significant portion of their life for a short period of time but still", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00101-00063307-00063937": "a period of time so how can we help them work through that if you're sheltering in place and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00102-00063937-00064474": "you're a parent how can you help your kids work through that if you are sheltering in place and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00103-00064474-00065227": "you're a person which I hope you are then you're gonna have to figure out how you're going to you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00104-00065227-00065788": "know come to terms and make sense of this and when I talk to clients a lot of times I liken", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00105-00065788-00066514": "life as a book you know think about writing your own autobiography and this is but a chapter in", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00106-00066514-00067129": "that book so when you're writing this chapter how is it going to resolve and how is the next chapter", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00107-00067129-00067780": "going to start this doesn't have to dictate the entire rest of your life that can this can just", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00108-00067780-00068464": "be a little plot twist so how is it that you're going to integrate this into your life narrative", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00109-00068464-00069323": "in a way that you come out as the shining hero in your autobiography additional stressors and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00110-00069323-00069893": "shelters an environment that's crowded noisy or overstimulating if you put a bunch of people in a", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00111-00069893-00070517": "room with no walls it's going to be crowded and noisy and over stimulating some people respond", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00112-00070517-00071027": "better to that especially extroverts who like to talk to other people they'll move around they'll", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00113-00071027-00071552": "talk to other people it's great it's grand but even they can get a little bit over stimulated", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00114-00071552-00072332": "at times people who are more introverts will find this extremely overwhelming and extremely anxiety", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00115-00072332-00073046": "provoking and draining so it's important in shelter situations that people have a place", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00116-00073046-00073505": "where they can go and we'll talk about quiet places in a little while they have a place where", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00117-00073505-00074195": "they can go to just collect their thoughts where there's no input you know and it can be I don't", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00118-00074195-00074702": "want to say a closet but it can be a small room with you know just kind of nothing on the walls", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00119-00074702-00075254": "if you're in an elementary school if you have a classroom that you can let people go into and just", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00120-00075254-00075833": "sit where it's quiet if they can go outside and sit on a picnic bench and not be disturbed where", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00121-00075833-00076328": "it's a place where people know that if somebody's out there they're not wanting you to go out there", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00122-00076328-00077000": "and talk with them they want some quiet space another reason that people may have additional", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00123-00077000-00077717": "stress and this is kind of from a function it's less secure than home so there's always somebody", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00124-00077717-00078284": "walking around behind you always somebody around your stuff always somebody around your kids always", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00125-00078284-00079076": "and it doesn't mean that the somebodies mean you any harm but as people were aware when they're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00126-00079076-00079595": "strangers around it is more stressful than if you're sitting in the comfort of your own living", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00127-00079595-00080150": "room with the doors and windows locked which also means that when you're trying to sleep you're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00128-00080150-00080666": "going to sleep less restfully than you would if you were in your own home and you had your you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00129-00080666-00081452": "know doors and windows locked bearing that in mind stress will increase especially the longer", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00130-00081452-00082196": "people are in a shelter it means they're getting less sleep or less quality sleep and it can cause", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00131-00082196-00082859": "them to start getting more irritable and more anxious than they would if they were out getting", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00132-00082859-00083663": "proper sleep that they needed in order to prevent poor sleep encourage routine in the shelter try", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00133-00083663-00084470": "to help people feel as safe as possible wherever they keep their possessions if they have valuable", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00134-00084470-00084989": "possessions so they feel like those possessions are secure if they feel like they need to be", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00135-00084989-00085493": "against the wall so they don't have people walking around them at all times of the night or if you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00136-00085493-00086123": "have people who have particular fears and have difficulty winding down maybe they can sit closer", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00137-00086123-00086969": "to the area where somebody is awakened on duty 24 hours a day whatever you can do another thing", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00138-00086969-00087473": "that causes poor sleep in shelters is ergonomic so those cots are not comfortable even if they", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00139-00087473-00088019": "brought their own pillow which is rare they're not going to get the same kind of sleep that", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00140-00088019-00088673": "they would get on a pillowtop mattress so again people are not getting quality sleep think about", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00141-00088673-00089414": "how well you deal with life when you're exhausted especially if you've been exhausted for you know", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00142-00089414-00090095": "several days and you've got a lot of stress going on because of poor ergonomics you know not only", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00143-00090095-00090557": "where they're sleeping but sitting in the fold-out metal chairs and those sorts of things people may", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00144-00090557-00091181": "start to experience pain which will also make them more irritable and and we're gonna talk", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00145-00091181-00091805": "in a little while but keep keeping them active encouraging people to stretch and helping them", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00146-00091805-00092300": "knit pain in the bud if you will if they notice they're starting to get stiff to address that", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00147-00092300-00093029": "early can help reduce some of the stress and irritability nutritional changes if you're not", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00148-00093029-00093485": "eating the stuff you're used to eating and maybe you don't even like the stuff that's being served", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00149-00093485-00094220": "people may start getting a little bit irritable and maybe not eating as much as they should or", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00150-00094220-00094733": "eating the way they should they may not be getting the same nutrients that they normally do so", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00151-00094733-00095528": "their body's adjusting which can cause some mood changes a lot of times when people are sheltered", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00152-00095528-00096089": "or sheltered in place they will increase their consumption of caffeine and nicotine caffeine to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00153-00096089-00096569": "try to stay awake you know again because they're not getting the daylight their circadian rhythms", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00154-00096569-00097385": "may be messed up and maybe just they don't have anything else to do and nicotine can seem calming", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00155-00097385-00097967": "to some people so they may smoke or dip more both of those are stimulants which are going to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00156-00097967-00098627": "increase anxiety and irritability now by the same token if people are diehard coffee drinkers or", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00157-00098627-00099182": "smokers you don't want them going into a shelter and finding out that you can't have caffeine or", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00158-00099182-00100181": "nicotine withdrawals will just really work against you to put it nicely and it may not be safe in", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00159-00100181-00100949": "certain circumstances it may trigger extreme panic anxiety depression rage so obviously depending on", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00160-00100949-00101702": "the the shelter rules you know allowing people to have access to you know their caffeine and be able", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00161-00101702-00102371": "to go out to smoke if they need to it's probably ideal in this sort of situation but if you are", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00162-00102371-00103052": "one who does drink coffee just me maintaining a log if you will of how much caffeine and nicotine", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00163-00103052-00103646": "you're taking in so you make sure that you're not overdoing it caffeine stays in your body for 12", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00164-00103646-00104335": "hours so caffeine you drink at noon is going to be inhibiting your sleep quality at least until", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00165-00104335-00105308": "midnight so you know try to cut back or quit the caffeine before noon again don't make significant", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00166-00105308-00105950": "lifestyle changes intentionally while you're in a shelter but if you don't normally drink", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00167-00105950-00106679": "caffeine after you know 11 or 12 and try not to start another stress can be an ambiguity about", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00168-00106679-00107249": "what lies ahead if you shelter in place you know if your roof is okay you know if your house is", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00169-00107249-00107849": "flooded you know all that stuff and you can start dealing if you're in a shelter you have no idea", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00170-00107849-00108653": "what you're walking home to or going home to and all you're getting is potentially media and images", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00171-00108653-00109214": "and the media is not going to pick images of the neighborhood's that survives the best they're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00172-00109214-00109841": "going to pick the images of the worst devastation so a lot of times people get really anxious about", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00173-00109841-00110498": "what they're going back to and there's not a lot that a shelter worker can really do about", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00174-00110498-00111194": "that we have to help people figure out how to tolerate that anxiety and worry until they can", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00175-00111194-00111920": "get a real answer until they know for sure what's going to happen and boredom and time to dwell in", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00176-00111920-00112558": "shelters and sheltering in place there is just a lot of time we're used to doing things now", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00177-00112558-00113083": "if you are lucky enough to have power or backup batteries and mobile devices you might be able to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00178-00113083-00113768": "be occupying yourself but at a certain point even that will probably get tedious and people start to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00179-00113768-00114392": "get bored which means they're gonna start to get restless and want to do something and inability", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00180-00114392-00115073": "to do something will make them irritable boredom also leads to time to dwell on the what-ifs what", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00181-00115073-00115706": "if I go out there and my house isn't there anymore what am I going to do about this what if you know", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00182-00115706-00116192": "this has been going on for two weeks what if my boss decided to fire me and that those two weeks", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00183-00116192-00116993": "so people can get really spun up on what-ifs or they can dwell about things in the shelter that", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00184-00116993-00117626": "irritate them something that you know normally would be inconsequential maybe a toilets backed", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00185-00117626-00118247": "up not all of them just a toilet they may start dwelling on or if they have difficulty getting", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00186-00118247-00119063": "their medication or they have to wait in line to get lunch or dinner people can start getting", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00187-00119063-00119543": "irritable about the things they have to do and dwelling on it and thinking about how unfair it is", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00188-00119543-00120211": "or how frustrating it is and the reason for that is they have so little control over what else is", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00189-00120211-00120770": "going on in their life they may start dwelling on the things in their current environment that they", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00190-00120770-00121415": "have no control of either and wanting to get control which will make them angry which may", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00191-00121415-00121984": "make them try to act out and regain some of that control it makes sense when you stop and think", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00192-00121984-00122528": "about it when people feel powerless they want to regain some semblance of control over something", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00193-00122528-00123374": "and everything that they notice that out of their control is going to feel like a direct assault", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00194-00123374-00124157": "and they're gonna want to try to get control of some things so as shelter workers as volunteers", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00195-00124157-00124802": "as other people in shelters we can help people figure out what they do and don't have control", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00196-00124802-00125441": "over so they can focus on the things over which they have control which you know we'll talk about", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00197-00125441-00126368": "so common responses in adults and adolescents most adults are most adolescents respond similarly to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00198-00126368-00126958": "adults so I kind of glomped them in here but you want to take each person as an individual", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00199-00126958-00127682": "difficulty communicating thoughts when you're under a lot of stress sometimes it's hard to put", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00200-00127682-00128252": "your thoughts together and get them out to people and effectively communicate encourage people to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00201-00128252-00128831": "write their thoughts down if they need something communicated or something bothering them but they", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00202-00128831-00129401": "can't put their finger on it encourage them to write it out or go talk about it with somebody and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00203-00129401-00130046": "try to help them ferret out what they're thinking difficulty sleeping like we talked about before", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00204-00130046-00130655": "sometimes it's going to be due to anxiety and there's not a lot we can do about that but we can", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00205-00130655-00131477": "help people practice progressive muscle muscular relaxation guided imagery where they imagine", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00206-00131477-00132029": "their favorite place in their mind and imagine all the sensations what does it look like what", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00207-00132029-00132638": "does it smell like what does it feel like help them get good ergonomics make sure they have a", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00208-00132638-00133172": "good pillow make sure they're not too hot or too cold as much as you can in whatever situation it", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00209-00133172-00133952": "is make sure that they practice stretching anything they can do to relieve minor aches", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00210-00133952-00134640": "and pains that are making it difficult to sleep and sheltering well in any environment trying to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00211-00134640-00135324": "make sure that it's quiet and as dark as possible during sleep time people may have difficulty with", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00212-00135324-00135993": "balance in life focusing all on work or all on the recovery process or all on one thing or another", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00213-00135993-00136554": "and this comes up more once people are out of a shelter or out of the shelter in place situation", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00214-00136554-00137298": "but it's important to write down what's important and make sure that you're attending to everything", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00215-00137298-00137913": "that you need to low threshold of frustration is very common you're already stressed out you're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00216-00137913-00138426": "already on the brink you're already feeling like you're out of control of things so when something", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00217-00138426-00139125": "else comes it may always feel like that that one straw that broke the camel's back so practicing", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00218-00139125-00139833": "the pause being able to take a breath and go okay this really sucks I don't think I can handle one", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00219-00139833-00140826": "more thing but I'm going to take a breath step back and figure out what next increased use of", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00220-00140826-00141471": "drugs or alcohol hopefully we're not seeing that in shelters but you can see that after people", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00221-00141471-00141993": "get out of shelters or if they're sheltering in place so paying attention to the use of drugs or", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00222-00141993-00142719": "alcohol to numb boredom pain anxiety those sorts of things limited attention span and poor work", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00223-00142719-00143289": "performance you may ask somebody to do something and whether if you're sheltering in place you may", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00224-00143289-00144015": "ask somebody to do a chore and they do it halfway and then kind of get distracted on something we", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00225-00144015-00144588": "want to give people a kind of a wide berth here and bring their attention back to it I'm not", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00226-00144588-00145314": "saying let it go but try not to be too critical if things don't get done thoroughly or completely", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00227-00145314-00145980": "the first time bring their attention back to it so they can so they can finish it another thing", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00228-00145980-00146514": "that can help with limited attention span and work performance is to have things written down", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00229-00146514-00147105": "if you want something done right it down and be detailed what does it mean for example to clean", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00230-00147105-00147794": "your room what does it mean for example to clean the bathroom not just something specific like that", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00231-00147794-00148355": "but wipe down the sink wipe down the the toilet make sure there's toilet paper make sure there's", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00232-00148355-00148973": "soap at the sink those are things that people can look at and check off so they're not having to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00233-00148973-00149783": "focus on sort of a broad meta concept it's very specific people may start experiencing headache", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00234-00149783-00150347": "stomach problems and even back aches because a lot of us store attention in our neck and back those", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00235-00150347-00150884": "are common stress symptoms now those also can be common symptoms of other physical things but", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00236-00150884-00151532": "helping people recognize that staying stressed out is only going to make those things worse", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00237-00151532-00152192": "and then if they need to be referred to medical than referring them to medical cold or flu-like", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00238-00152192-00152969": "symptoms in shelters you want to you know try to practice whatever universal precautions you have", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00239-00152969-00153497": "in order to sort of isolate people who may be starting to be symptomatic if you have another", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00240-00153497-00154127": "room that they can go into or have them on kind of on one side of the room I mean with that many", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00241-00154127-00154868": "people in an area they're all going to be exposed to airborne bacteria so as much hand-washing and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00242-00154868-00155462": "hygiene as possible is going to help encourage people to cough or sneeze into the crook of", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00243-00155462-00156350": "their elbow and you know refer to medical when necessary disorientation or confusion this doesn't", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00244-00156350-00156899": "mean somebody's got dementia or something's going wrong necessarily this is very common when people", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00245-00156899-00157457": "get really stressed out they have hard time remembering things they could get confused kind", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00246-00157457-00158054": "of easily they may have stuff on the tip of their tongue it's really frustrating but a lot of times", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00247-00158054-00158588": "you know most of the time once the stressor has passed if they didn't have that symptom before the", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00248-00158588-00159452": "stressor then the symptom will resolve in order to help people who are feeling disoriented help them", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00249-00159452-00160301": "have reminders of their place you know pictures or whatever around their space so they can find their", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00250-00160301-00161179": "space have rules up or schedules up so people who get confused about when it supposed to eat when", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00251-00161179-00161806": "they're allowed to do stuff there's a schedule up that people can consult which reduces some of the", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00252-00161806-00162472": "anxiety and them asking questions too many times the same thing is true if you're sheltering in", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00253-00162472-00163192": "place with your family people may get a little confused about what's going on or when they're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00254-00163192-00163705": "going to be able to leave or whatever if you've got routines at your house especially if children", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00255-00163705-00164311": "are involved keep to those routines that will help reduce greatly any of this disorientation", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00256-00164311-00164911": "and confusion difficulty concentrating you know kinds of kind of goes along with difficulty", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00257-00164911-00165697": "communicating and difficult and confusion give yourself a break cut yourself some slack when", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00258-00165697-00166357": "you are under extreme stress your body is working on survival it is not working on trying to finish", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00259-00166357-00167005": "writing that grant or finishing that project your boss asked you to do right now focus on", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00260-00167005-00167605": "the moment stay in the moment and if you need to write things down for example maybe you've got", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00261-00167605-00168178": "people in your household who take medications make a little chart that you can check off after you've", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00262-00168178-00168733": "given people their dose of medication if your kid takes has to take antibiotics three times a day or", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00263-00168733-00169291": "something that way you're not going did I give that person the medication they need it or not", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00264-00169291-00169924": "write it down don't force yourself to concentrate don't remember anything more than you have to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00265-00169924-00170497": "right now right everything else down reluctance to leave home you know you don't want to leave", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00266-00170497-00171136": "because if you leave you you might not come back to anything can be a fear but encouraging yourself", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00267-00171136-00171790": "to reflect on you know if you leave home what's the likelihood that something else is going to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00268-00171790-00172510": "happen and your house isn't going to be there you made it through the worst of the storm so you know", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00269-00172510-00173224": "going out and coming back that the house is likely to still be there but it can also be very scary", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00270-00173224-00173809": "like after Andrew everything was leveled so there was no there were no street markers there were no", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00271-00173809-00174391": "signs there were no anything to figure out kind of where you were buried orienting and kind of", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00272-00174391-00174871": "scary and some people were afraid to leave home because they were afraid and this was true after", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00273-00174871-00175855": "Katrina - because they were afraid of looting do what you can to protect your environment and then", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00274-00175855-00176434": "after that try to figure out how to deal with the frustration and figure out what's more important", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00275-00176434-00176920": "whether it's more important to stay at home with your stuff or go out and do what you need to do", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00276-00176920-00177577": "and now that will depend on what your goals are depression sadness and hopelessness depression", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00277-00177577-00178408": "is a sense of hopelessness and helplessness and an expression after a loss and it's your body going I", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00278-00178408-00179116": "give up it's your brain going this is not happy well of course after a disaster you're going to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00279-00179116-00179836": "experience these so expect these give yourself a break and say okay I'm feeling depressed right now", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00280-00179836-00180514": "I'm feeling hopeless right now that's okay what can I do to improve the next moment what next", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00281-00180514-00181135": "because staying depressed is not going to help like I said depression is a sense of hopelessness", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00282-00181135-00181900": "and helplessness so that what next is what can I do to feel a little more empowered what do", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00283-00181900-00182701": "I have control over and what things are there to still hope about mood swings are perfectly", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00284-00182701-00183409": "natural you may feel depressed and then irritable and then anxious that's totally normal your body", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00285-00183409-00184210": "is trying to react to stress anger and anxiety our flip sides of your body's reaction to stress anger", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00286-00184210-00184888": "is the fight anxiety is the flight depression is the I just give up I can't do anything I can't", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00287-00184888-00185656": "fix it so you may experience all of those during a disaster you may think I got this I can I can", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00288-00185656-00186181": "survive this I can you know conquer whatever it is and then the next minute you're worried", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00289-00186181-00186661": "about something and then the next minute you're depressed about being stuck in a shelter or having", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00290-00186661-00187462": "no power or whatever it is except those feelings when they come and just ask yourself what next", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00291-00187462-00188278": "recognize those feelings are your normal reaction and then what next dwelling on them feeding them", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00292-00188278-00189151": "is just going to drain your energy overwhelming guilt about survival or about the fact that you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00293-00189151-00189967": "know maybe you lost your house and your kids are devastated well yes they are and feeling guilt", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00294-00189967-00190933": "for that is a normal reaction however does that help get your kids stuff back No so again what can", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00295-00190933-00191629": "you do to improve the next moment fear of crowd strangers or being alone just be aware of kind", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00296-00191629-00192253": "of where that's coming from and try to address it little by little figuring out where your energy", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00297-00192253-00192916": "needs to be spent do you need to address this fear right now or do you need to deal with other stuff", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00298-00192916-00193564": "and you can worry about crowds and being alone later argumentativeness refusing to follow rules", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00299-00193564-00194101": "or being overly controlling now this is true in shelters or even if you're sheltering in place", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00300-00194101-00194878": "and you've got extended family around parties may become argumentative and refuse to do chores or", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00301-00194878-00195496": "start questioning Authority and start getting into power struggles that is perfectly normal", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00302-00195496-00196285": "it is not pleasant by any means but it is is it an expected reaction yeah unfortunately because", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00303-00196285-00196843": "again everything everything's out of control their life is kind of topsy-turvy so people may", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00304-00196843-00197437": "at a certain point try to start regaining some sort of control over how they feel and what's", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00305-00197437-00197920": "going on in their life like what they're going to eat or when they're gonna eat or whatever is", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00306-00197920-00198619": "going on so figuring out how to address this we'll talk about some interventions later", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00307-00198838-00199471": "the response to argumentativeness is often paraphrasing you know how the person feels", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00308-00199471-00200005": "that they're frustrated that this isn't going their way right now and making some sort of a", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00309-00200005-00200911": "compromise creating a win-win situation so both of you get your needs met and for example if you're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00310-00200911-00201337": "sheltering in place you've got extended family they don't like what you're cooking for dinner", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00311-00201337-00202177": "but dinners already like halfway done you know Express awareness that you know this isn't what", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00312-00202177-00202927": "you normally eat and you know I appreciate you helping out with everything else you've been", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00313-00202927-00203578": "doing around here I'm wondering if you want to plan dinner for tomorrow so you have something", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00314-00203578-00204448": "that is more to your liking or whatever and that might might help let that person feel like they're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00315-00204448-00205057": "more in control all right so we've been talking about adults and adolescents but there are the", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00316-00205057-00205666": "little teeny boppers but also are experiencing this so what's going on birth through two years", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00317-00205666-00206346": "yes they are going to experience trauma they're going to experience distress why probably because", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00318-00206346-00207061": "parents are telegraphing it children are very perceptive of parents emotional reactions so", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00319-00207061-00207583": "children may experience more irritability crying more than usual wanting to be held and cuddled", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00320-00207583-00208144": "and for the ones that are closer to two years old they may start regressing to an earlier", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00321-00208144-00208852": "age crawling around on the floor sucking their thumb if they stopped and regressing", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00322-00208852-00209394": "to using baby talk instead of you know the words that they had been starting to develop", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00323-00209394-00210571": "recognizing that this is in many cases the child's way of trying to get security and stability from", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00324-00210571-00211296": "the parents you know if I act this way then mom or dad is going to take more control of me then", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00325-00211296-00211921": "they will when I'm becoming more independent wanting to be held and cuddled is another one", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00326-00211921-00212539": "of those that they want the security it also helps for release oxytocin which is the bonding", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00327-00212539-00213262": "chemical which is also a calming chemical but it's important that when you're holding and cuddling", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00328-00213262-00213744": "your child you're also calm because if you are crawling out of your skin with anxiety or anger", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00329-00213744-00214408": "that's going to Telegraph to them and they're not going to get the calming reassurance from", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00330-00214408-00214987": "the cuddling that they're getting the biggest influence on children at this age is how their", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00331-00214987-00215673": "parents are coping so does it mean you can't have a little breakdown no you know you're going to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00332-00215673-00216190": "have those moments where you're like I don't know if I can do this especially if the disaster is", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00333-00216190-00216867": "kind of ongoing and that's okay but overall you know expressing to them that it's going to be", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00334-00216867-00217462": "okay and reassuring them and if you've got other adults that can kind of take over when you need a", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00335-00217462-00218239": "moment that will be more helpful to helping the the birth through two-year-old child deal with", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00336-00218239-00218719": "life because they don't understand what's going on really I mean think about it they're - they're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00337-00218719-00219439": "living in Elmo land pre-school 3 through 6 years these children often feel helpless and powerless", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00338-00219439-00219969": "in the face of an overwhelming event because of their age and small size they lack the ability", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00339-00219969-00220531": "to protect themselves or others so they're still powerless and they're still needing mom or dad to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00340-00220531-00221215": "be emotionally and physically present as a result they can feel intense fear and insecurity about", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00341-00221215-00221758": "being separated from their caregivers so they may start following you to the bathroom or insisting", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00342-00221758-00222208": "on being in the bathroom you know while you're in the shower with the curtain pulled or whatever", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00343-00222208-00223054": "and and this is a normal reaction if you're in a shelter they may follow you around like a shadow", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00344-00223054-00223735": "and that's a normal reaction so just being aware of what does this behavior mean why is this child", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00345-00223735-00224269": "doing it what's the benefit of this behavior to the child and a lot of times it's making", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00346-00224269-00224764": "sure that you don't disappear like everything else there that's how they're trying to retain", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00347-00224764-00225348": "control preschoolers can't grasp the concept of a permanent loss so in the weeks following", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00348-00225348-00225931": "a traumatic event priests coolers play activities may reenact the incident or the disaster over and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00349-00225931-00226546": "over again the same thing is true if they're seeing it on TV over and over again they don't", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00350-00226546-00227254": "understand that this is a replay that the disaster is gone and that that rebuilding has started in", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00351-00227254-00227844": "some form or fashion they're seeing it over and over and over again it's like that nightmare you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00352-00227844-00228415": "can't wake up from so it's important for children at this age to limit their exposure to the media", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00353-00228415-00229000": "and discussions about what's going on and keep them focused in the present and moving forward", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00354-00229000-00229735": "preschool children may experience crying and depression and inability to concentrate again", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00355-00229735-00230302": "for these children their attention span is a lot lower than adults anyway but it may seem", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00356-00230302-00230914": "like it's the attention span of a nap now that's okay you know instead of getting angry with them", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00357-00230914-00231517": "which is just going to increase their anxiety try to talk to them about what they need to help them", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00358-00231517-00232071": "get through if they're doing schoolwork maybe chunk it down into 10 or 15-minute segments and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00359-00232071-00232534": "then give them a little bit of a break write down what you need them to do or make little", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00360-00232534-00233113": "pictographs so they know what needs to be done they may start wetting their bed again that's", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00361-00233113-00233752": "a normal reaction it tends to go away as the anxiety goes back down again so try to avoid", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00362-00233752-00234526": "getting angry with them if they start wetting their bed generally it's not an intentional act", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00363-00234526-00235141": "withdrawal and isolation sometimes the stimulation is just too much and the child will just kind of", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00364-00235141-00235714": "withdraw into a corner start isolating themselves sometimes this can be the child just needs some", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00365-00235714-00236311": "quiet time other times the child may feel totally overwhelmed and just want to kind of disappear so", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00366-00236311-00236875": "it's important that we talk with the child about how they're feeling thumb-sucking may come back", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00367-00236875-00237628": "that is a security activity recognizing what it means and again instead of getting angry", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00368-00237628-00238240": "with the child looking at what function is this serving or what message is this communicating", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00369-00238240-00238896": "to me as a parent about what my child is feeling how can I help them out nightmares and headaches", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00370-00238896-00239514": "are also common so helping them understand what the nightmares mean helping them feel a little", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00371-00239514-00240414": "more safe they may need to have a nightlight for a period after a traumatic event ask them what", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00372-00240414-00241134": "they need in order to feel safe headaches are again common stress reactions clinging and fear", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00373-00241134-00241683": "of being left alone goes back to that following year around to the bathroom sort of thing they", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00374-00241683-00242219": "don't want to lose the one person or two people in their lives that they need in order to stay alive", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00375-00242219-00242889": "they can't shop for themselves now if you go away who's going to take care of them so they feel very", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00376-00242889-00243498": "anxious changes in eating and sleeping habits can happen because of changes in routine or because of", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00377-00243498-00244359": "stress so helping kids maintain a normal routine presenting food at normal mealtimes and paying", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00378-00244359-00245079": "attention to how much sugar and if they take in caffeine caffeine that they are getting again to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00379-00245079-00245706": "make sure that they're not changing that either regression to earlier behaviors crying baby talk", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00380-00245706-00246651": "not uncommon that often communicates a feeling of insecurity so helping the child understand", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00381-00246651-00247263": "what it means but encouraging them to use their big boy or big girl words and rewarding them for", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00382-00247263-00247884": "age-appropriate behavior excessive fear of Darkness or storms is very common they're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00383-00247884-00248469": "probably going to need to be reassured for a while until they start realizing how often these things", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00384-00248469-00249336": "happen and nothing bad happens fighting can come up because again children just like adults are", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00385-00249336-00249780": "trying to regain some sort of control they have all this anger they have all this anxiety they", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00386-00249780-00250560": "have all this pent up unpleasant energy inside and they start lashing out they may take out their", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00387-00250560-00251283": "frustrations on the closest target you know there may be somebody who just looks at them the wrong", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00388-00251283-00251946": "way and they get into a fight or they get into an argument so we want to help them see you know was", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00389-00251946-00252585": "about that situation or do you have a lot of anger that we need to talk about and that just happened", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00390-00252585-00253298": "to be an unfortunate outlet and an increase in general physical complaints aches pains", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00391-00253298-00253898": "you know belly aches those are common and often stress-related and they can also indicate a need", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00392-00253898-00254583": "for parental attention and nurturance because you know generally when kid our kids are sick we do", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00393-00254583-00255126": "give them more hugs and cuddles and stuff so this may be a way of the child for the child to ask", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00394-00255126-00255917": "for more nurturance from the parent school age 7 through 10 years these children can understand the", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00395-00255917-00256485": "permanence of loss some children become intensely preoccupied with details of the event and want to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00396-00256485-00257052": "talk about it continually this preoccupation can interfere with the child's concentration at school", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00397-00257052-00257559": "and it can also prompt irritability from adults because they're like you know we already talked", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00398-00257559-00257958": "about that I don't want to talk about it anymore you know I already told you you're fine now go", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00399-00257958-00258444": "do something that's not helpful to the child because they don't have resolution they still", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00400-00258444-00258990": "don't feel secure they still don't understand how to integrate it into their narrative they're not", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00401-00258990-00259602": "even to writing full sentences yet let alone narratives children may also hear inaccurate", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00402-00259602-00260160": "information from peers and even the media so it's important as parents and caregivers that", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00403-00260160-00260814": "we make sure that we're checking in frequently with them to see what they know and just spell", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00404-00260814-00261615": "any myths that they may have heard this age child may display a wide range of reactions including", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00405-00261615-00262317": "sadness generalized fear against specific fears of rainstorms or the disaster happening again", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00406-00262317-00263088": "guilt over action or inaction during the disaster maybe you know something horrible happened and one", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00407-00263088-00263961": "of their pets got left behind or you know whatever the scenario is they may have intense guilt anger", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00408-00263961-00264501": "that the event was not prevented even if it's a natural disaster children this age can still get", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00409-00264501-00265053": "angry that their higher power didn't prevent this from happening or their parents didn't", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00410-00265053-00265812": "prevent their from getting flooded or whatever while those might not be you know completely", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00411-00265812-00266340": "logical from an adult standpoint we can say well you know there was nothing I could do to prevent", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00412-00266340-00266970": "the house from getting flooded from a child standpoint parents and higher powers are you know", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00413-00267102-00267870": "all knowing all being all doing so when something happens they don't understand and they need to be", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00414-00267870-00268503": "able to integrate that they may have fantasies of playing rescuer they may imagine it over and over", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00415-00268503-00269079": "again where they are able to rescue someone or something they lost are they're able to fix it", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00416-00269079-00269805": "when nobody else was regression into earlier behaviors again irritability and oppositional", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00417-00269805-00270426": "behavior in children again sometimes this comes out the oppositional behavior because they just", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00418-00270426-00271002": "don't have anywhere to put that negative energy and if somebody ends up being an unfortunate", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00419-00271002-00271560": "target sometimes the oppositional behavior is designed to distract parents if the parents are", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00420-00271560-00272142": "all worried and stressed out then if jr. starts acting out then it distracts the parents back", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00421-00272142-00272883": "to jr. so jr. has some security he knows that mom and dad are still paying attention but it", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00422-00272883-00273585": "also distracts them from arguing or doing whatever they're doing it can also be to get secure limits", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00423-00273585-00274425": "so if a child is in a new situation and starts testing limits seemingly being oppositional it", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00424-00274425-00275043": "may be just to make sure that the parent is paying attention and is going to set limits and protect", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00425-00275043-00275628": "them these are not conscious thoughts on the part of the child these are kind of subconscious needs", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00426-00275628-00276279": "for security and boundaries from from the parent and to make sure that the parent is going to be", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00427-00276279-00276975": "there for them emotionally and physically so interventions prepare a go bag with essentials", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00428-00276975-00277719": "if you have time remember things like medication razors brush comb toothbrush toothpaste cell phone", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00429-00277719-00278367": "and charger pillow and any security items that the child needs like a pacifier a blanket or a", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00430-00278367-00279111": "special stuffed toy those are things that often get forgotten in the Go Bag so I specifically", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00431-00279111-00279849": "identified those but try to do that you know before there's even a storm brewing so you have", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00432-00279849-00280524": "it ready when there is an emergency but when there is an impending storm whether it's a blizzard or", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00433-00280524-00281190": "a hurricane where you've got time stop media overload leading up to it during and after the", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00434-00281190-00281946": "event you know don't listen to the Weather Channel 24/7 during this time don't have the weather on", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00435-00281946-00282582": "or the news on 24/7 during this time because again for children and even for adults it can", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00436-00282582-00283227": "keep their anxiety levels up we need to be able to focus on something else once you hear the 5 a.m.", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00437-00283227-00283872": "update turn off that radio and do something else that will help you move toward your goals because", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00438-00283872-00284586": "focusing on you can't change the storm so focusing on it isn't going to change anything keep routines", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00439-00284586-00285297": "as stable as possible practice mindfulness each day personally and as a family so when you wake", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00440-00285297-00285942": "up in the morning check in with yourself go how am I feeling what am i needing am i hungry what's", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00441-00285942-00286467": "going on what do I want to do today and then as a family do the same thing and this can be", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00442-00286467-00287175": "a helpful activity in shelters getting families and groups of people who came in together to kind", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00443-00287175-00287643": "of put their heads together and go okay what do we need today how are we feeling you know", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00444-00287643-00288105": "who's gonna do what and what are we gonna do to keep ourselves busy today have them encourage", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00445-00288105-00288816": "people to make plans so they can think instead of just like wandering around aimlessly think about", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00446-00288816-00289338": "what they might do and as a shelter supervisor or maybe a volunteer that comes in an outreach", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00447-00289338-00289857": "worker if you come in at the same time each day or present a schedule of when you're going to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00448-00289857-00290568": "be there with activities that can also be helpful because people know what's coming up and what they", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00449-00290568-00291243": "might be able to expect and do when communicating with one another regardless of whether you're with", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00450-00291243-00291837": "family or in a shelter validate each other's feelings and identify a tangible solution so", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00451-00291837-00292455": "if somebody is frustrated that they're having to wait in line for lunch you know validating that it", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00452-00292455-00293058": "is really frustrating to have to wait in line and you know it'll be really nice when we can make our", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00453-00293058-00293750": "own food but we can't do that right now so what's a tangible solution you know waiting in line one", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00454-00293750-00294290": "of those solutions may be bringing your mobile device so you can play on that or getting in line", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00455-00294290-00294767": "with somebody that you like so you can talk with them and it doesn't seem so arduous while you're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00456-00294767-00295499": "waiting in line for 20 minutes but try to find a solution to make that situation better and try to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00457-00295499-00296294": "replace buts with ants instead of saying I hear that you want this but it can't happen you can", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00458-00296294-00296978": "say I hear that you want this and this is these are some options to try to help you achieve this", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00459-00296978-00297623": "solution or and I will be with you you know if if somebody's waiting for medication or something", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00460-00297623-00298244": "you can say and I will be with you in 20 minutes instead of saying as soon as I can or later which", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00461-00298244-00298889": "kind of puts the person off if you give them a time it makes them feel like something's actually", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00462-00298889-00299762": "going to happen you can also ask them for how they proposed you know other solutions in order to make", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00463-00299762-00300359": "this whatever the situation is go a little bit more smoothly because people have creative ideas", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00464-00300359-00300986": "and we can synergize other interventions for children personal contact again is reassuring", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00465-00300986-00301562": "calmly providing factual information about the recent disaster and current plans for ensuring", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00466-00301562-00302216": "their safety along with recovery plans encourage children to talk about and own their feelings", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00467-00302216-00302846": "not just talk about what they're angry about but also owning the fact that they're angry and what", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00468-00302846-00303389": "can they do to improve the next moment what can you do now what do you do you have control over", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00469-00303389-00304001": "and encouraging them to focus on the things that they're grateful for and they do have not just", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00470-00304001-00304637": "the things they've lost and they're angry about spend extra time with children at bedtime and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00471-00304637-00305198": "maybe play times involve children by giving them specific chores to help them feel like they're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00472-00305198-00305768": "helping to restore family and community life and this can just be making their bed or you know", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00473-00305768-00306395": "a variety of things we'll talk about praised and recognized responsible behavior too often we just", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00474-00306395-00307153": "criticize irresponsible behavior but in this kind of situation it's even more to pay attention to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00475-00307153-00307651": "the fact that negative attention is better than no attention so let's make sure to give some positive", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00476-00307651-00308407": "attention so we don't have to resort to negative attention understand that children have a wide", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00477-00308407-00308992": "range of reactions to disasters and reassure the children frequently that you're safe and together", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00478-00308992-00309703": "allow them to grieve about their lost treasures a toy a blanket or a lost home what seems", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00479-00309703-00310483": "inconsequential to you for example if your child left his blankie behind maybe huge to that child", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00480-00310483-00310921": "I know when my when my daughter was little she had this little stuffed animal she called dirty", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00481-00310921-00311464": "blue and she could not sleep without it for quite a while and there was one time that it got left", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00482-00311464-00312055": "behind at her granny's place and oh my gosh that was a really rough night this is not the time to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00483-00312055-00312724": "start trying to break kids of pacifiers or special objects but if they do get left behind allowing", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00484-00312724-00313288": "the child to grieve allowing the child to be angry that it's gone to be depressed that it's gone and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00485-00313288-00313984": "maybe to feel that way for a little while not just expect them to be like oh well it's gone and get", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00486-00313984-00314653": "over it try to spend extra time together in family activities to begin replacing plus fears with", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00487-00314653-00315268": "pleasant memories if your child's having problems at school and talk to the teacher so that you can", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00488-00315268-00316078": "work together to help your child cope or catch up the same thing is in the in the shelter's if your", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00489-00316078-00316543": "child is having problems getting along with others in the shelter or doing what they need to do talk", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00490-00316543-00317224": "with a shelter leader or whoever is helping with the child to see what you can do to best", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00491-00317224-00317863": "facilitate what your child needs at that point in time and talk with your child about what you'll", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00492-00317863-00318328": "do if another disaster strikes letting them help and preparing and planning for future disasters", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00493-00318328-00318934": "turning shouldas into next times because during a disaster you're going to hear this a lot well", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00494-00318934-00319618": "mom you should have remembered or mom you should have or dad why didn't you this is a time to start", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00495-00319618-00320059": "writing that down and go you're right you know so next time we won't forget about it why don't we", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00496-00320059-00320655": "start a list of all those things so we don't have this problem next time instead of getting into a", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00497-00320655-00321192": "power struggle about well I had other things on your on my mind and I can't remember everything", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00498-00321192-00321930": "so you need to cut me some slack arguing is only going to escalate so when a child gets frustrated", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00499-00321930-00322395": "and angry remembered they're trying to regain some control the best way to give them control", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00500-00322395-00322962": "is to acknowledge what they're angry about and say okay so here's a solution so next time this", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00501-00322962-00323673": "happens if it happens again we can prevent these problems let's start making a list of things that", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00502-00323673-00324348": "we're learning now that we should have done so in the shelter what can you do and this is true.you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00503-00324348-00325050": "sheltering at home or in a shelter shelter play go fish or card games obviously eight-year-olds", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00504-00325050-00325416": "aren't going to be playing poker but there's a lot of other games you can play with just a simple", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00505-00325416-00325965": "regular deck of cards uno and some other games require special cars if they're they're great", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00506-00325965-00326604": "but try to keep it simple solitaire is something you can play by yourself so if you are at home", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00507-00326604-00327300": "by yourself that's something you can do to pass the time tic-tac-toe hangman charades I spy if", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00508-00327300-00327939": "you if you don't remember I Spy somebody says I spy with my big brown eyes something that's red", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00509-00327939-00328731": "and the other people in the game try to guess what that person is seeing or thinking about these can", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00510-00328731-00329361": "keep kids busy for quite a while and if adults are willing to kind of put on their kid hat and play", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00511-00329361-00329946": "with them it can burn up some time if you're stuck and there's nothing else to do mobile device games", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00512-00329946-00330573": "such as checkers Scrabble chests and Angry Birds and whatever else you play those are great as long", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00513-00330573-00331452": "as you've got a mobile device and a charger tell jokes encourage kids to tell you tell you jokes", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00514-00331452-00332007": "that make you laugh because the more you laugh the less you have time to be angry and laughing", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00515-00332007-00332412": "releases endorphins which is going to help everybody feel happy I think we've all heard that", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00516-00332412-00333270": "statement that laughing is contagious a lot of times it can be coloring books or coloring or just", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00517-00333270-00333867": "drawing can help people just get out some nervous energy or focus on something in the moment which", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00518-00333867-00334557": "we're going to talk about with distress tolerance skills instead of wandering and wandering word", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00519-00334557-00335247": "finds crosswords and Sudoku are also good for adults and older children to help pass time", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00520-00335247-00336126": "and keep them busy encouraged routine lights up and out at the same time each day start the day", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00521-00336126-00336633": "with mindfulness and planning like we talked about each morning give 15 minutes for everybody to kind", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00522-00336633-00337320": "of get their thoughts together and figure out what they're gonna do that day try to keep meals at the", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00523-00337320-00338010": "same time in larger shelters divide the groups into a B and C each group gets to go first for", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00524-00338010-00338565": "one meal each day so the a group goes first for breakfast B group goes first for lunch and C group", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00525-00338565-00339240": "goes first for dinner for example that way each group of people has to wait in line less and gets", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00526-00339240-00340056": "the first dibs if you will the hottest food for at least one meal a day encourage physical activity", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00527-00340056-00340851": "such as walking you know have a path around the perimeter of the gymnasium or if they can walk", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00528-00340851-00341550": "outside safely that's great calisthenics these can be done in a small area stretching again this", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00529-00341550-00342159": "can be done on your cot or in a small area but it helps keep people from developing the aches", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00530-00342159-00342786": "and pains and it can also help get rid of some of the nervous aggressive energy kids can play", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00531-00342786-00343371": "duck-duck-goose or put on kids music and encourage them to dance you can even encourage them to do", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00532-00343371-00343848": "some kind of little performance talent show thing for the shelter if there's a parent or parents", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00533-00343848-00344430": "that are willing to help kind of put this together it can be something that the group can focus on", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00534-00344430-00345252": "and then it can provide theoretically amusement for the rest of the shelter encourage people to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00535-00345252-00345795": "do chores each day in their zone depending on how you define that that can be your room if", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00536-00345795-00346548": "you're at home or in a shelter around your bed area making sure to pick up any tissues used", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00537-00346548-00347185": "overnight and make your bed and that kind of stuff environmentally make sure there are quiet spaces", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00538-00347185-00347758": "that are both visually quiet so there's not a lot of stuff on the walls people can just like go and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00539-00347758-00348424": "they're not being bombarded with bright colors and flickering lights and stuff and also auditorally", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00540-00348424-00348898": "quiet you know you're not hearing a lot of stuff so again can if people can go outside to a picnic", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00541-00348898-00349573": "bench or if they can go to another to a classroom or something where it's quiet and they can just", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00542-00349573-00350233": "sit and be for a few minutes and not have the noise think about the Grinch how he always talked", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00543-00350233-00350821": "about oh the noise the noise noise noise noise it can get to people after a while everybody needs", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00544-00350821-00351376": "quiet time if you have the ability to offer earplugs or headphones you know that's great", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00545-00351376-00352024": "encourage people to if they've got headphones to use those because not everybody likes the same", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00546-00352024-00352696": "kind of music talk radio or appreciates the same news channel so headphones are definitely very", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00547-00352696-00353356": "helpful encourage awareness of space because too often we start bleeding over into other people's", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00548-00353356-00353884": "space and you know I think if you've ever shared a room with someone or even you know been on a", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00549-00353884-00354406": "long flight somewhere where you start taking up more and more of your seat and the next person's", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00550-00354406-00354988": "armrest you realize how much we start to kind of expand over time so encourage people to be", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00551-00354988-00355501": "aware of how much space they're taking up and just stay within their boundaries if you will", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00552-00355501-00356260": "and try to keep it smelling good encourage good hygiene and encourage make sure that the floors", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00553-00356260-00356767": "are getting cleaned and you know the toilets aren't backing up and things like that people", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00554-00356767-00357436": "who are in an environment that smells better are going to have a better attitude and you don't even", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00555-00357436-00358030": "have to have essential oils when it starts smelling stinky and people feel like they're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00556-00358030-00358759": "living in squalor then their mood is going to go down so groups goal identification and radical", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00557-00358759-00359368": "acceptance the first part is goal identification and this is important to do first encourage people", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00558-00359368-00359947": "to identify what things people and experiences are most meaningful to you in order for you to have a", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00559-00359947-00360598": "meaningful life what do you have to have you know not just right now but in general okay so you have", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00560-00360598-00361384": "those things and it's usually family a good job and whatever else is meaningful to them and then", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00561-00361384-00361924": "ask them and you can give them a list of values you can find online a list of like 50 values and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00562-00361924-00362449": "have people identify five of those values that are most important and sometimes I'll just tell people", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00563-00362449-00363109": "you know when you die what five things do you want people to say about you or write on your epitaph", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00564-00363109-00363724": "what five values that you were compassionate your patient your kind you were what things do you want", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00565-00363724-00364366": "to be remembered for and have people write those down because then we're gonna move on to radical", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00566-00364366-00364981": "acceptance radical acceptance means accepting that what has happened cannot be changed it", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00567-00364981-00365635": "doesn't mean you like it it just means it can't be changed and how you feel right now is how you feel", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00568-00365635-00366229": "if you feel angry you feel angry it is what it is and instead of fighting against it you accept", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00569-00366229-00366874": "it and you follow that up with what can you do to improve the next moment moving you closer to your", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00570-00366874-00367462": "goals and embodying the values you hold dearly that's a long sentence but that means you have", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00571-00367462-00367918": "to practice the pause and go okay I've got I'm really angry right now and I've got three or four", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00572-00367918-00368461": "options I can yell scream throw a tantrum and put my fist through the wall but is that gonna get me", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00573-00368461-00369142": "closer to my goals and does that demonstrate the values that are important to me such as patience", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00574-00369142-00369739": "and kindness well no okay so what are my other options here what can I do to improve the next", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00575-00369739-00370456": "moment so I don't have to so I'm not feeling angry anymore but they also helped me get closer to my", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00576-00370456-00371557": "family and demonstrate patience and acceptance once people get the hang of doing that there are", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00577-00371557-00371980": "going to be times that there are things they just can't improve you know being stuck in the shelter", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00578-00371980-00372406": "is one of them for example or being stuck without power there's just nothing you can do about it", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00579-00372406-00372928": "and being angry doesn't fix anything but there's nothing you can do to get the power on any faster", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00580-00372928-00373508": "so what do you do distress tolerance activities now you can do these in shelters with groups you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00581-00373508-00373973": "help people learn how to do these so when there's something they can't control that's not them", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00582-00373973-00374525": "that's making them anxious or angry or depressed they can try some of these activities in order to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00583-00374525-00375368": "get away from that feeling for the moment imagery I've talked about this earlier encourage them to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00584-00375368-00375983": "think about their favorite place and really close their eyes and get there what does it smell like", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00585-00375983-00376481": "what does it feel like what does the air feel like on their skin what does the Sun feel like", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00586-00376481-00377141": "what else do they feel what do they hear and sometimes I might might ask people to identify", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00587-00377141-00377738": "five things in each area five things they see five things they smell and that can be hard five", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00588-00377738-00378353": "things they hear and five things they can feel so if they're in the woods they might feel the", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00589-00378353-00379205": "Sun they might feel the moisture in the air they might feel the cool breeze you know you see where", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00590-00379205-00379754": "I'm going with this so encouraging them to really get into that scenario because if they're focused", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00591-00379754-00380531": "on that they're not focused on what's causing them anxiety with kids you know it can be an imaginary", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00592-00380531-00381251": "place it can be a Fantasyland or a princess castle or whatever it is but encourage them to tell you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00593-00381251-00381785": "and they have a hard time closing their eyes and thinking about this so encourage them to tell you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00594-00381785-00382370": "what is it like you know what is this place that you're going to like and so they can articulate", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00595-00382370-00382823": "it once they've done that a few times then they're going to start thinking about it on their own more", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00596-00382823-00383495": "and they can go there a little bit easier without having to talk it out each time with adults you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00597-00383495-00384080": "can encourage people to try to find meaning in this experience how is this going to change me", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00598-00384080-00384734": "for the better a children have a more difficult time with that prayer if that works for people", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00599-00384734-00385487": "is very helpful relaxation activities encouraging people to just stop thinking for the moment and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00600-00385487-00386147": "focus on progressive muscular relaxation focus on their breath focus on each muscle in their", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00601-00386147-00386738": "body going from head to toe and feeling those muscles relaxed and if they're tense relaxing them", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00602-00386894-00387581": "encourage people to focus on one thing in the moment so find a candle or a picture or something", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00603-00387581-00388307": "and really focus on it and look at it and appreciate every little nuance of that thing you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00604-00388307-00389054": "can also encourage them to look around and I do five four three two one five things you see four", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00605-00389054-00389762": "things you hear three things you smell two things you can feel and one thing you can taste and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00606-00389762-00390272": "usually when you get down to taste they're like brush my teeth in a while okay well that's fine", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00607-00390272-00391043": "too but at least you're in the moment vacation take a mental vacation just check out for a little", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00608-00391043-00391853": "while imagine think about a project that you want to work on or just go somewhere in your mind and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00609-00391853-00392420": "encourage yourself those are other things you can do you can tell yourself that you're going to get", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00610-00392420-00393038": "through this but those are all activities that you can do as a group you can definitely teach in a", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00611-00393038-00393638": "group so people can do them individually while they're in the sheltering experience when they", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00612-00393638-00394268": "experience things that they just can't change in the moment other things they can do activities so", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00613-00394268-00394931": "as a volunteer as an outreach worker as a shelter worker even as somebody in a shelter you know", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00614-00394931-00395672": "shelter coordinators can identify four or five people that can work together to create activities", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00615-00395672-00396746": "that people can do hop scotch talent shows group group support crafts you know brainstorming with", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00616-00396746-00397334": "whatever resources you have available in your shelter or in your place what types of activities", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00617-00397334-00397925": "can we do and don't forget games you know don't forget charades and those sorts of things because", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00618-00397925-00398522": "right now it's stressful you want the opposite of stress so what will help make people feel relaxed", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00619-00398522-00399089": "or laugh exercise is another thing if somebody knows how to do Tai Chi maybe they can offer a", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00620-00399089-00399818": "Tai Chi session once a day contribute volunteer offer to help get yourself busy doing something", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00621-00399818-00400526": "even if that's picking up trash around the outside or cleaning the bathrooms or whatever it is if", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00622-00400526-00401330": "you're working if you're focused on a task again you're less focused on worrying compared and a", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00623-00401330-00401891": "lot of times I encourage people to compare what their current situation is with what could have", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00624-00401891-00402476": "happened you know it could have been worse because to help them see that yeah it may kind of suck", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00625-00402476-00403181": "right now but it could have been worse do things that encourage happy emotions you know if you've", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00626-00403181-00403721": "got kids around till knock-knock jokes encourage them to tell stories what is it that's gonna", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00627-00403721-00404468": "make people happy if you've got happy movies that you can play you know people somebody has a disc", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00628-00404468-00405002": "player because you're probably not going to have internet you know that can help people feel happy", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00629-00405002-00405734": "turn on happy music encourage people to help each other out whatever it is that's going to help make", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00630-00405734-00406442": "people happy and you can make this a goal for your shelter or for your household that everybody has", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00631-00406442-00407219": "to do at least one thing each day to make somebody else happy and that should be a goal pushing away", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00632-00407219-00407780": "when those anxiety thoughts come in just telling the thoughts that I'm not going to think about", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00633-00407780-00408362": "this right now push those thoughts away having happy thoughts encouraging people to think about", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00634-00408362-00408983": "when this resolves you know how wonderful is it going to be to see their friends again or to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00635-00408983-00409550": "get back to normalcy what other things are still going well in their life that they're happy about", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00636-00409550-00410021": "if they're in a shelter with their family you know that family may be getting on their nerves a", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00637-00410021-00410759": "little bit but they can also appreciate the family being close and focusin say shion's can also help", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00638-00410759-00411446": "jar people out of an unpleasant emotional place so if they put on headphones and play some loud music", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00639-00411446-00411997": "or they go outside and they feel the cold rain on their skin that can help people feel better", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00640-00411997-00412814": "other groups you can do include a hardiness group encourage people to look at this situation and ask", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00641-00412814-00413414": "yourself what things in your life make it worth living right now what are you committed to because", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00642-00413414-00413975": "yeah some things may have disappeared or changed irreparably but what things are you committed to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00643-00413975-00414581": "and that kind of goes back to those goals we had earlier what parts of your life or this situation", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00644-00414581-00415222": "do you have control over your reactions to it how you interact with others those things you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00645-00415222-00415820": "do have control over whether the power gets back on today or in two weeks you don't have control", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00646-00415820-00416555": "over so separating what you can and cannot control and encourage people to think about how they've", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00647-00416555-00417158": "dealt with problems like this in the past and what challenges they face now and how they can", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00648-00417158-00417664": "approach them when they start looking at the past they'll realize you know what I'm a lot stronger", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00649-00417664-00418372": "than I think I am I've gone through worse or maybe I haven't but I can get through this I have gone", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00650-00418372-00418952": "through problems in the past and this is how I've done it so these are some of the tools I have to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00651-00418952-00419726": "get through distress and then looking at you know the challenges right now in in the moment getting", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00652-00419726-00420257": "through today in the shelter how can I approach these challenges don't worry about next week or", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00653-00420257-00420941": "two weeks from now let's focus on how can you get through today and help people learn about", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00654-00420941-00421457": "anger and irritability and that it's a natural response to threats and stress it's the fight", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00655-00421457-00422345": "or flee reaction anger pushes people away or gives them power over other people and it can also help", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00656-00422345-00422918": "reduce stimulation so if people are feeling out of control they may want to push away other people I", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00657-00422918-00423485": "can't take any more input right now or I might want to get power over them because I need some", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00658-00423485-00424097": "sort of control in my life because I don't feel like I'm getting my needs met so recognizing that", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00659-00424097-00424829": "anger represents a threat and then figuring out better ways to resolve that threat when", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00660-00424829-00425555": "you get angry encourage people to ask themselves are you angry at the other person the situation", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00661-00425555-00426064": "in general and the other person just happens to be an unfortunate target or are you angry at yourself", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00662-00426064-00426842": "for something maybe for forgetting the charger for your iPhone or something you know where is", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00663-00426842-00427368": "this anger coming from and is it how can you best resolve it because if you're angry at yourself", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00664-00427368-00427943": "for something then yelling at your neighbor isn't gonna do any good anger tells you to do something", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00665-00427943-00428727": "so how can you improve the next moment and likewise when someone gets angry at you practice", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00666-00428727-00429314": "the pause take a moment and reflect on whether it's because of something you did the situation", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00667-00429314-00429849": "and you just happen to be an unfortunate target or their stuff and they're just really angry about", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00668-00429849-00430460": "something right now and again you happen to be an unfortunate target it doesn't make it right but if", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00669-00430460-00431135": "you can understand it and not take it personally it makes it easier to deal with so seven habits", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00670-00431135-00431799": "and shelters be proactive seeking alternatives and opportunities to solve problems not looking", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00671-00431799-00432588": "at problems as roadblocks remembering that anger is often a sign of somebody feeling powerless so", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00672-00432588-00433200": "when somebody starts acting angry or irritable stepping back and saying okay proactively how", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00673-00433200-00433857": "can we help people feel empowered and in control in this situation begin with the end in mind when", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00674-00433857-00434472": "you're trying to solve a problem define a win-win with practical realistic outcomes so if somebody", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00675-00434472-00434960": "somebody wants something you know and they're being demanding and they have to have it right", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00676-00434960-00435497": "now but you can't give it right now then how can you create a win-win situation where they feel", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00677-00435497-00436185": "in control of and they feel like they're gonna get their needs met but you also are able to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00678-00436185-00436896": "meet your needs put first things first recognizing that some things are not not worth the energy or", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00679-00436896-00437649": "effort and and other things like your health and family are more important so in shelters and even", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00680-00437649-00438225": "again sheltering in place with extended family things can get a little tense and sometimes you", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00681-00438225-00438726": "need to just take a breath and go is this worth the fight is this worth my energy right now or", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00682-00438726-00439383": "should I just let it go because getting into a fight or an argument is going to drain a lot of", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00683-00439383-00440052": "energy and could potentially you know compromise your immune system and make people angry and all", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00684-00440052-00440593": "kinds of other unpleasant things seek first to understand the other poison person's point of", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00685-00440593-00441251": "view and the whole situation then to be understood so you know you really want to try to understand", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00686-00441251-00441875": "where they're coming from and what's motivating their behaviors and what they need what is it that", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00687-00441875-00442487": "they're trying to get before you try to present your point of view and what's going on so you're", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00688-00442487-00443072": "both you need to both be on the same page and then you can synergize to use each person's", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00689-00443072-00443771": "strengths some people will be great at keeping everybody occupied and entertained other people", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00690-00443771-00444527": "will be better at making sure that routines get done and their structure so synergize instead of", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00691-00444527-00445112": "just kind of throwing everything to the wind and sharpen the saw encourage each person to", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00692-00445112-00445685": "take time for relaxation and recreation each day and practice positive health behaviors", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00693-00445685-00446321": "to prevent vulnerabilities which means avoid getting overtired avoid getting over hungry and", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00694-00446321-00446797": "check in with yourself frequently to see if you need to take a little break and take a timeout", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00695-00446797-00447554": "to get reground 'add after a disaster people will experience distress there are certain things that", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00696-00447554-00448130": "can be done to reduce stress weather sheltering in place or at a public shelter maintenance of", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00697-00448130-00448571": "routines is vital though prevention of vulnerabilities through proper nutrition", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00698-00448571-00449201": "sleep and activity can help reduce stress and prevent some anger and irritability flare-ups", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00699-00449201-00449852": "and radical acceptance and goal-directed activity can help people choose responses that will better", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00700-00449852-00450539": "assist them in reducing their distress instead of just dealing with the immediate anger that causes", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00701-00450539-00451496": "more problems there are a lot of resources on all CEUs calm on the resources tab that also", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00702-00451496-00452234": "address dealing with the stress after a disaster there's a lot of handouts that I've compiled", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00703-00452234-00452804": "there and other videos on distressed tolerance and some of the activities that we talked about", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00704-00453122-00453768": "if you enjoy this podcast please like and subscribe either in your podcast player or", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00705-00453768-00454224": "on YouTube you can attend and participate in our live webinars with doctor Snipes by", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00706-00454224-00454764": "subscribing at all CEUs comm slash counselor toolbox this episode has", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00707-00454764-00455301": "been brought to you in part by all CEUs com providing 24/7 multimedia continuing", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00708-00455301-00455868": "education and pre certification training to counselors therapists and nurses since 2006", "9_YeGBjMX2y-00709-00455868-00456435": "use coupon code consular toolbox to get a 20% discount off your order this month"}}, {"audio_id": "9_aIkULTYBQ", "text": {"9_aIkULTYBQ-00000-00004156-00004404": "Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00001-00004404-00004644": "And sorry I could not travel both", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00002-00004644-00004924": "And be one traveler, long I stood", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00003-00004924-00005156": "And looked down one as far as I could", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00004-00005156-00005356": "To where it bent in the undergrowth...", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00005-00005406-00005646": "Then took the other, as just as fair,", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00006-00005646-00005830": "And having perhaps the better claim,", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00007-00005830-00006052": "Because it was grassy and wanted wear", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00008-00006052-00006252": "Though as for that the passing there", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00009-00006252-00006472": "Had worn them really about the same,", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00010-00006512-00006736": "And both that morning equally lay", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00011-00006736-00007008": "In leaves no step had trodden black.", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00012-00007008-00007172": "*MUSIC STOPS* Oh, I kept the first for another day!", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00013-00007180-00007294": "*TIRES SCREECHING*", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00014-00007294-00007430": "*CAR CRASH*", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00015-00007620-00007684": "*WASTED*", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00016-00008142-00008374": "Yet knowing how way leads on to way,", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00017-00008412-00008652": "I doubted if I should ever come back.", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00018-00008660-00008884": "I shall be telling this with a sigh", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00019-00008892-00009100": "Somewhere ages and ages hence:", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00020-00009144-00009376": "Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00021-00009382-00009590": "I took the one less traveled by,", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00022-00009590-00009788": "And that has made all the difference.", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00023-00009866-00009916": "Rodion: BOOM!", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00024-00009916-00010090": "*Danielle laughing*  Rodion: You've made it.", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00025-00010234-00011410": "Music: Down by Marian Hill (Act One)", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00026-00011464-00011808": "*Intriguing music*", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00027-00011808-00011864": "*Bleep*", "9_aIkULTYBQ-00028-00011910-00012078": "*Electric typewritter*"}}, {"audio_id": "9_coebVxAn4", "text": {"9_coebVxAn4-00000-00001513-00001981": "In the times of Hugo Grotius, the Dutchman who is famous for advocating the freedom of", "9_coebVxAn4-00001-00001981-00002502": "the high seas in the early seventeenth century, people thought that the oceans were so vast", "9_coebVxAn4-00002-00002502-00002770": "that their resources could not be depleted.", "9_coebVxAn4-00003-00002770-00003250": "And even when more and more human activity polluted the oceans in the centuries to follow,", "9_coebVxAn4-00004-00003250-00003779": "the common perception was that the capacity of the water to dilute harmful substances", "9_coebVxAn4-00005-00003779-00003929": "and to clean itself was unlimited.", "9_coebVxAn4-00006-00003929-00004448": "So, it wasn’t until the second half of the twentieth century that the protection of the", "9_coebVxAn4-00007-00004448-00005093": "marine environment from pollution was recognised as an international objective of importance", "9_coebVxAn4-00008-00005093-00005266": "and urgency.", "9_coebVxAn4-00009-00005266-00005676": "Ocean pollution does not know any boundaries but it affects us all and all parts of the", "9_coebVxAn4-00010-00005676-00006100": "world, regardless where the harmful activity occurred and who is responsible for that.", "9_coebVxAn4-00011-00006100-00006590": "So, despite international and national efforts to prevent and reduce pollution of the oceans,", "9_coebVxAn4-00012-00006590-00007148": "a lot needs to be done to improve and enforce existing law and to consider whether new activities,", "9_coebVxAn4-00013-00007148-00007626": "such as the storage of sequestered CO2 on or under the sea floor, should be permissible", "9_coebVxAn4-00014-00007626-00007764": "or not.", "9_coebVxAn4-00015-00007764-00008102": "So what do you think are the major sources of pollution of the marine environment?", "9_coebVxAn4-00016-00008102-00008584": "Most of us will think of large oil spills from ships or accidents like the Deepwater", "9_coebVxAn4-00017-00008584-00009024": "Horizon blow off in the Gulf of Mexico, and of course these are relevant contributions.", "9_coebVxAn4-00018-00009024-00009508": "In fact, however, scientists say that the main pathways of pollution of the oceans are", "9_coebVxAn4-00019-00009508-00009778": "via the land and the air.", "9_coebVxAn4-00020-00009778-00010235": "Other human uses of the oceans and its resources add to marine pollution; dumping of waste,", "9_coebVxAn4-00021-00010235-00010749": "shipping, normal operation and accidents, seabed activities such as the drilling for", "9_coebVxAn4-00022-00010749-00011004": "oil and gas, and noise also qualifies as pollution.", "9_coebVxAn4-00023-00011004-00011550": "If we look at the regulation, oil pollution from ships used to be the main focus of early", "9_coebVxAn4-00024-00011550-00011746": "international law.", "9_coebVxAn4-00025-00011746-00012174": "Public awareness as relevant issue in this context and mass media actually helped to", "9_coebVxAn4-00026-00012174-00012482": "spread pictures of major oil pollution incidents.", "9_coebVxAn4-00027-00012482-00012917": "In this respect, international regulation is often reactive.", "9_coebVxAn4-00028-00012917-00013512": "After every tanker catastrophe, regulations got stricter and international liability funds", "9_coebVxAn4-00029-00013512-00014002": "raised the contributions and the maximum amount of financial resources for damages.", "9_coebVxAn4-00030-00014002-00014391": "After oil pollution, the regulations of other pollution issues followed.", "9_coebVxAn4-00031-00014391-00014938": "It’s important that states cooperate in international institutions to tackle the problems", "9_coebVxAn4-00032-00014938-00015169": "and agree on binding standards for all states.", "9_coebVxAn4-00033-00015169-00015761": "If there is binding international law, a state has to implement it into national laws and", "9_coebVxAn4-00034-00015761-00016011": "enforces against ships flying their flag.", "9_coebVxAn4-00035-00016011-00016393": "Let me mention one of the main institutions, the international maritime institution is", "9_coebVxAn4-00036-00016393-00016996": "very active in regulating the shipping sector and under the roof of the IMO, a lot of legally", "9_coebVxAn4-00037-00016996-00017253": "binding instruments have been drafted.", "9_coebVxAn4-00038-00017253-00017929": "In addition to global and regional instruments that we have with...they deal with different", "9_coebVxAn4-00039-00017929-00018568": "sorts of pollution, pollution from land, from dumping, from seabed activities, it’s very", "9_coebVxAn4-00040-00018568-00018957": "important to have such international regulations but they differ.", "9_coebVxAn4-00041-00018957-00019484": "They differ with regard to the number of states or parties, to the relevant treaties; they", "9_coebVxAn4-00042-00019484-00019926": "differ with regard to the substances and with regard to compliance and possible enforcement.", "9_coebVxAn4-00043-00019926-00020559": "It would be best if there was one binding comprehensive instrument that addressed all", "9_coebVxAn4-00044-00020559-00020778": "different sources of marine pollution.", "9_coebVxAn4-00045-00020778-00021221": "We have the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea but it’s only a framework.", "9_coebVxAn4-00046-00021221-00021984": "It only tries to give the broad idea but it doesn’t regulate who is allowed to put what", "9_coebVxAn4-00047-00021984-00022141": "into the ocean.", "9_coebVxAn4-00048-00022141-00022567": "Concerning jurisdiction, imagine you are the captain of a military vessel and you're sailing", "9_coebVxAn4-00049-00022567-00022698": "on the high seas.", "9_coebVxAn4-00050-00022698-00023153": "Suddenly, you see a ship in the vicinity that is dumping casks overboard on which you see", "9_coebVxAn4-00051-00023153-00023334": "the symbol for radioactivity.", "9_coebVxAn4-00052-00023334-00023956": "It’s absolutely clear that dumping of radioactive wastes is prohibited for everybody, everywhere", "9_coebVxAn4-00053-00023956-00024060": "on the ocean.", "9_coebVxAn4-00054-00024060-00024511": "And you as you’re military ship, you have the capacity to stop, board, inspect, arrest", "9_coebVxAn4-00055-00024511-00024611": "the vessel.", "9_coebVxAn4-00056-00024611-00024780": "Can you do it?", "9_coebVxAn4-00057-00024780-00025390": "The answer in most cases will be no, unless the ship who's dumping the waste is under", "9_coebVxAn4-00058-00025390-00025982": "the same flag as you as a military ship, if you are...you are the same flag, you can arrest", "9_coebVxAn4-00059-00025982-00026082": "that ship.", "9_coebVxAn4-00060-00026082-00026520": "If it’s any other ship, you can only inform the state, the flag state, you can inform", "9_coebVxAn4-00061-00026520-00026906": "the authorities but it’s up to them to deal with the problem.", "9_coebVxAn4-00062-00026906-00027383": "The situation is different if you come to waters closer to the coast.", "9_coebVxAn4-00063-00027383-00027897": "There, the coastal states have the capacity and the responsibility of course to prohibit", "9_coebVxAn4-00064-00027897-00028007": "such activities.", "9_coebVxAn4-00065-00028007-00028550": "So, we have seen that the prevention of pollution of the high seas can be very problematic due", "9_coebVxAn4-00066-00028550-00028852": "to reliance on flag state responsibility.", "9_coebVxAn4-00067-00028852-00029305": "Yet, pollution from vessels and dumping is not the main cause of pollution.", "9_coebVxAn4-00068-00029305-00029816": "Pollution from land-based sources are the main contributions to ocean degradation.", "9_coebVxAn4-00069-00029816-00030198": "But there we would need to regulate on land.", "9_coebVxAn4-00070-00030198-00030614": "States would agree, would have to agree to regulate their behaviour on land, for example", "9_coebVxAn4-00071-00030614-00030760": "for agriculture.", "9_coebVxAn4-00072-00030760-00031411": "Agricultural runoff is a big source of pollution of the oceans and states are very, very reluctant", "9_coebVxAn4-00073-00031411-00031511": "to do that.", "9_coebVxAn4-00074-00031511-00032027": "It’s easier to regulate shipping where all are in the same situation, much easier than", "9_coebVxAn4-00075-00032027-00032568": "to regulate activities on land where we have different capacities, capabilities of states", "9_coebVxAn4-00076-00032568-00032685": "and also different interests.", "9_coebVxAn4-00077-00032685-00033261": "If you have a...a large coast with a lot of agriculture, you would be very reluctant to", "9_coebVxAn4-00078-00033261-00033612": "impose strict regulations on your farmers.", "9_coebVxAn4-00079-00033612-00034180": "So, if states have to impose restrictions on their industry, it gets more difficult.", "9_coebVxAn4-00080-00034180-00034540": "So, concerning regulations on land, imagine you were a politician.", "9_coebVxAn4-00081-00034540-00035037": "It would be very difficult to sell the idea to your citizens that they will face economic", "9_coebVxAn4-00082-00035037-00035557": "disadvantages to save the environment if other states continue to pollute the ocean.", "9_coebVxAn4-00083-00035557-00036081": "So, the idea behind this that you would need all the states on board so that states agree", "9_coebVxAn4-00084-00036081-00036371": "that they all face the same restrictions.", "9_coebVxAn4-00085-00036371-00036566": "This is not the situation we have today.", "9_coebVxAn4-00086-00036566-00037019": "We have a piecemeal approaches with different states agreeing to different standards and", "9_coebVxAn4-00087-00037019-00037197": "that makes it more difficult.", "9_coebVxAn4-00088-00037197-00037661": "So, one consequence of this situation may be that states don’t agree on substantive", "9_coebVxAn4-00089-00037661-00038235": "standards or they don’t implement so that in essence nothing at all happens to address", "9_coebVxAn4-00090-00038235-00038715": "pollutions and international treaties to prevent pollution from land-based sources exist but", "9_coebVxAn4-00091-00038715-00039061": "they have a reputation of being very weak.", "9_coebVxAn4-00092-00039061-00039264": "Let us turn to new challenges.", "9_coebVxAn4-00093-00039264-00039697": "We all agree that we need urgent action to stop the further rise in the average global", "9_coebVxAn4-00094-00039697-00040296": "temperature to two degrees centigrade to prevent dramatic consequences for our climate.", "9_coebVxAn4-00095-00040296-00040744": "But do we want to risk ocean pollution to achieve this?", "9_coebVxAn4-00096-00040744-00041291": "You may now wonder how these two issues are linked and what the legal regulation has to", "9_coebVxAn4-00097-00041291-00041444": "say on this.", "9_coebVxAn4-00098-00041444-00041888": "First of all, the warming of the water with also the higher degree of acidity in the water", "9_coebVxAn4-00099-00041888-00042248": "are consequences of greenhouse gas emissions and they qualify as pollution.", "9_coebVxAn4-00100-00042248-00042576": "So, greenhouse gas emissions pollute our oceans.", "9_coebVxAn4-00101-00042576-00042825": "This, however, now is not our focus.", "9_coebVxAn4-00102-00042825-00043340": "We will focus on those means associated with preventing climate change that can affect", "9_coebVxAn4-00103-00043340-00043440": "the ocean.", "9_coebVxAn4-00104-00043440-00043991": "Wouldn’t it be convenient if we could use the ocean as a dumping site for CO2 sequestered", "9_coebVxAn4-00105-00043991-00044216": "in industrial processes?", "9_coebVxAn4-00106-00044216-00044624": "When considering this option in the face of urgent action to combat climate change, we’re", "9_coebVxAn4-00107-00044624-00045058": "suddenly back Hugo Grotius and assuming that the oceans are so vast that they can’t be", "9_coebVxAn4-00108-00045058-00045158": "harmed.", "9_coebVxAn4-00109-00045158-00045533": "Currently, the storage of sequestered CO2 in the deep sea, in the water column or under", "9_coebVxAn4-00110-00045533-00046036": "the sea bed is mainly considered dumping but there are certain exceptions to that, for", "9_coebVxAn4-00111-00046036-00046719": "example storage of sequestered CO2 in under...in formations underneath the sea ground where", "9_coebVxAn4-00112-00046719-00047051": "gas or oil have been extracted.", "9_coebVxAn4-00113-00047051-00047583": "Another issue associated with efforts to climate change and new challenges is ocean fertilisation.", "9_coebVxAn4-00114-00047583-00048027": "Explained in the simplified way, scientists are trying to induce an algae bloom in the", "9_coebVxAn4-00115-00048027-00048463": "oceans by putting fertilisers like iron to the water and the ocean, which is the largest", "9_coebVxAn4-00116-00048463-00048807": "natural carbon reservoir, would work as a carbon sink.", "9_coebVxAn4-00117-00048807-00049093": "So, CO2 from the atmosphere would be stored.", "9_coebVxAn4-00118-00049093-00049540": "From the legal side, from the perspective of international law, well, that’s dumping.", "9_coebVxAn4-00119-00049540-00050243": "If you put substances into the water, even if you have a good idea in mind that can qualify", "9_coebVxAn4-00120-00050243-00050671": "as dumping and states will now need to deal with that, whether they will allow for such", "9_coebVxAn4-00121-00050671-00050822": "practices or not.", "9_coebVxAn4-00122-00050822-00051404": "At the moment, it’s only allowed on the stage of experiments of natural scientists", "9_coebVxAn4-00123-00051404-00051722": "trying to find out whether it actually works.", "9_coebVxAn4-00124-00051722-00052485": "When we look at the list of Sustainable Development Goals, that doesn’t help us set our priorities.", "9_coebVxAn4-00125-00052485-00052846": "You see, now we have to find out where are our priorities.", "9_coebVxAn4-00126-00052846-00053014": "Is it climate or is it saving the environment?", "9_coebVxAn4-00127-00053014-00053302": "And the SDGs doesn’t help us.", "9_coebVxAn4-00128-00053302-00053699": "They say: well, we have to stop climate change and we have to use the oceans in a sustainable", "9_coebVxAn4-00129-00053699-00053799": "way.", "9_coebVxAn4-00130-00053799-00054237": "So, we’re still left with a question of how to get this to work.", "9_coebVxAn4-00131-00054237-00054712": "To summarise this chapters, we have learned that there are many different sources of pollution", "9_coebVxAn4-00132-00054712-00055180": "of the oceans that would be best addressed in an integrated manner, in one single instrument", "9_coebVxAn4-00133-00055180-00055717": "and some, like pollution from ships, are easier to regulate than others, such as pollution", "9_coebVxAn4-00134-00055717-00056202": "from land-based sources, even if we have to deal with exclusive flag state jurisdiction", "9_coebVxAn4-00135-00056202-00056400": "on the high seas.", "9_coebVxAn4-00136-00056400-00056977": "And some activities that are presumably beneficial for the achievement of one environmental objective,", "9_coebVxAn4-00137-00056977-00057375": "such as preventing further climate change, can be a threat to the marine environment", "9_coebVxAn4-00138-00057375-00057580": "and this makes governance very difficult."}}, {"audio_id": "9AiecPPGe4A", "text": {"9AiecPPGe4A-00007-00010922-00011142": "We arrived at Santorini!", "9AiecPPGe4A-00008-00011142-00011498": "The island where they say that if you come for vacations as a couple you will surely break up.", "9AiecPPGe4A-00009-00011526-00011822": "I married her though, but this is a different story.", "9AiecPPGe4A-00011-00012108-00012410": "Santorini is famous for her caldera and her volcano", "9AiecPPGe4A-00012-00012410-00012614": "Santorini is famous for her caldera and her volcano", "9AiecPPGe4A-00013-00012614-00012990": "It was spring of 1600 B.C.  when happened the biggest volcanic erruption", "9AiecPPGe4A-00014-00012990-00013272": "that mankind had lived the last 10.000 years.", "9AiecPPGe4A-00016-00013438-00013634": "It destroyed the whole island", "9AiecPPGe4A-00017-00013634-00013923": "and every other island in a radius of 100km.", "9AiecPPGe4A-00018-00013924-00014272": "The tsunami generated by the eruption had waves 8 meters high.", "9AiecPPGe4A-00019-00014391-00014586": "There was a big column", "9AiecPPGe4A-00020-00014586-00014866": "of ash 35 km high", "9AiecPPGe4A-00021-00014876-00015102": "which for 4 to 6 hours", "9AiecPPGe4A-00022-00015102-00015500": "explodes in the air 4.6 billion tons", "9AiecPPGe4A-00023-00015500-00015616": "of magma and lava!", "9AiecPPGe4A-00025-00016608-00016908": "Cruising through this amazing landscape", "9AiecPPGe4A-00026-00016948-00017160": "we spot this souvenir by Elena and Dimitris!", "9AiecPPGe4A-00027-00017198-00017460": "It was such a long journey from Athens!", "9AiecPPGe4A-00028-00017468-00017622": "They couldnt help it and express their selves...", "9AiecPPGe4A-00032-00018528-00018798": "So after our arrival and meeting our hostess", "9AiecPPGe4A-00033-00018798-00019038": "lovely Elizabeth who welcomed us at her home", "9AiecPPGe4A-00034-00019038-00019316": "we headed to Oia to watch the sunset!", "9AiecPPGe4A-00040-00023464-00023768": "We just arrived at Oia to watch the sunset!", "9AiecPPGe4A-00041-00023844-00023944": "What time is it???", "9AiecPPGe4A-00043-00025172-00025272": "Good morning!", "9AiecPPGe4A-00044-00025300-00025400": "Good morning!", "9AiecPPGe4A-00067-00030283-00030530": "Lets take a break and have a snack!", "9AiecPPGe4A-00069-00031739-00032032": "In Oia we can see houses dug in the volcanic stone", "9AiecPPGe4A-00070-00032032-00032242": "In Oia we can see houses dug in the volcanic stone", "9AiecPPGe4A-00071-00032320-00032416": "without foundations.", "9AiecPPGe4A-00072-00032420-00032695": "They have narrow facade and rooms deep in the stone.", "9AiecPPGe4A-00073-00032716-00033006": "In the past these houses were inhabited", "9AiecPPGe4A-00074-00033006-00033156": "by sailors.", "9AiecPPGe4A-00104-00038924-00039242": "Descending a lot of stairs from Oia", "9AiecPPGe4A-00105-00039242-00039536": "you reach Ammoudi, Oias harbour.", "9AiecPPGe4A-00106-00039634-00039738": "We got it?", "9AiecPPGe4A-00109-00040084-00040426": "We should always help those who need it!", "9AiecPPGe4A-00110-00040538-00040706": "And these girls needed it!", "9AiecPPGe4A-00131-00046530-00046802": "Across St.Nicolas islet", "9AiecPPGe4A-00132-00046802-00047122": "there is a place to swim.", "9AiecPPGe4A-00154-00052620-00052798": "A mask always is helpful", "9AiecPPGe4A-00155-00052834-00053178": "especially when you lose your keys in the sea!!!", "9AiecPPGe4A-00167-00058662-00058844": "I will live as a free bird", "9AiecPPGe4A-00168-00058888-00059072": "and not like an octopus in a cage!", "9AiecPPGe4A-00180-00072196-00072558": "So after a big day and a lot of adventure", "9AiecPPGe4A-00181-00072558-00072744": "we took the road back home."}}, {"audio_id": "9Aqg-3Wvgxy", "text": {"9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00000-00000110-00000550": "Hello, my name is Leopoldo Armesto and, in this presentation,", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00001-00000550-00000880": "I will introduce you how to use RGB", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00002-00000880-00001414": "LED strips with Facilino. So, this is the outline of the presentation.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00003-00001414-00001818": "I will first introduce you to material and the instructions that we", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00004-00001818-00002121": "will work in this presentation. And then,", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00005-00002121-00002626": "I will... we will move into the three specific exercises.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00006-00002626-00003030": "The first one, we just simply set three colors, one for", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00007-00003030-00003535": "each LED and then the second one will control the brightness", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00008-00003535-00003939": "of each of the LEDs, and then, in the third exercise", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00009-00003939-00004343": "I will show you an instruction how to set all LEDs together.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00010-00004343-00004545": "In just with one single instruction.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00011-00004747-00005050": "So, this is a material that we use in for this presentation.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00012-00005050-00005454": "We use a Wemos D1 R32, as usual.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00013-00005454-00005858": "So also, we use the Arduino multisensor shield.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00014-00005959-00006262": "But, in this presentation, I will also use these LED", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00015-00006363-00006868": "strips, as you can see here. They usually come in", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00016-00006868-00007272": "a in strip up to the five meters so you can select", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00017-00007272-00007676": "as much as you want. They only use one digital pin. And this", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00018-00007676-00007878": "LED strip will be connected to pin", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00019-00007979-00008484": "D8. So, these are the instructions that we will", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00020-00008484-00008888": "work in this presentation. The first one,", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00021-00008888-00009292": "it's used to control the brightness of all LEDs.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00022-00009393-00009797": "The second one, will individually set a specific color", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00023-00009898-00010310": "of the LED that you indicate with the pixel number.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00024-00010310-00010710": "So it's the second input, here. You specify in this", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00025-00010710-00011011": "input the pixel number you want to control. The pixels", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00026-00011011-00011311": "starts with 0. It's the first pixels [0], and 1,", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00027-00011311-00011711": "2 and so on... Here, obviously, you specify the color.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00028-00011711-00012112": "And the pin where it's connected to. And in this instruction here", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00029-00012112-00012412": "what you specify is the pin that is connected to the whole strip", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00030-00012512-00012712": "and here you specify the number of pixels that", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00031-00012712-00013213": "your strip has. So, it will modify, as you will see that", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00032-00013213-00013613": "later, and it will appear a set of Color", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00033-00013613-00014013": "Fields like this one, depending on the number you put here. And", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00034-00014013-00014414": "then, you can select a individually the colors for each", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00035-00014414-00014914": "pixel with just one single instruction. So, in this first example,", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00036-00014914-00015215": "here, I'm just simply setting up three colors,", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00037-00015215-00015615": "one for each of the LEDs, as you can see here. The first,", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00038-00015615-00015915": "the second one and the third one. So, the first one will", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00039-00015915-00016216": "be red, the second one will be green and the third one will", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00040-00016216-00016716": "be blue. And obviously, they are connected to pin D8 as", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00041-00016716-00016816": "I said before.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00042-00017017-00017417": "In this second example, here, what I'm doing is I'm just", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00043-00017417-00017817": "repeating exactly the same thing as before but now it's inside", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00044-00017817-00018318": "the loop. So here, in the loop, what I'm doing is", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00045-00018418-00018818": "I'm changing or modifying the brightness of each of the...", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00046-00018818-00019219": "the whole strip, ok? So, I", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00047-00019219-00019519": "have decleared a variable in which I just simply", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00048-00019619-00019819": "iterate from 0% to 100%.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00049-00019819-00020120": "So, this will be the brightness I set for the strip.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00050-00020120-00020620": "And then, we have to... once we have set the", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00051-00020620-00020920": "brightness, this won't be effective until we change the colors", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00052-00020920-00021321": "LED. So, this is why, we have these instructions here.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00053-00021521-00021921": "And then finally, in this is instruction... in this example, sorry.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00054-00021921-00022422": "What I have is, the inline LED strip instruction in which", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00055-00022422-00022922": "I specify the pin number, and then, I specify the number of LEDs", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00056-00022922-00023423": "I have and then, as I said before, then it will modify the instruction.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00057-00023423-00023823": "So I will have three fields here so I could set, individually,", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00058-00023823-00024024": "each of the of the colors for each field.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00059-00024124-00024424": "So, in this example, particularly, what I'm doing is just an effect of", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00060-00024424-00024824": "shifting the colors. So, I put in the red here on the first", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00061-00024824-00025125": "instruction, wait for one second,", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00062-00025225-00025525": "and then I shift the colors to the right.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00063-00025625-00026026": "And then, here, again I shift the colors to the right too.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00064-00026026-00026526": "Ok? So, in this presentation, I have introcude you", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00065-00026526-00027027": "the instructions to work with RGB LED strips with Facilino.", "9Aqg-3Wvgxy-00066-00027027-00027327": "Thank you very much, and I hope to see you."}}, {"audio_id": "9AvRIrWNAIo", "text": {"9AvRIrWNAIo-00000-00000270-00000582": "Well, hello there! Uh,", "9AvRIrWNAIo-00001-00000584-00001190": "I know that i didn't make any follow-up video or some shit and,", "9AvRIrWNAIo-00002-00001639-00002388": "I have a reason for this, and it's called my charger. My charger is gone. I", "9AvRIrWNAIo-00003-00002404-00002846": "don't have any, like,", "9AvRIrWNAIo-00004-00003306-00003760": "ability to charge my camera,", "9AvRIrWNAIo-00005-00003832-00004112": "so I'm using this one.", "9AvRIrWNAIo-00006-00004314-00005408": "and, I am astonished by another discovery,", "9AvRIrWNAIo-00007-00005408-00005768": "that I didn't share in any video.", "9AvRIrWNAIo-00008-00005768-00015666": "I lost my bag. I don't know if it is connected with the disapperiance of my charger, but still. That's all the updates for now. I'm going to make a follow-up video soon, maybe shoot some footage in town. Who knows. Also, new charger will arrive on may 8th, so I'm just waiting right now. Audio quality here is so awful, so I put the whole thing in the subtitles. That's all the updates, guys. Thank you."}}, {"audio_id": "9Aw4ZokN2Ky", "text": {"9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00000-00010403-00013811": "Good morning, mr, master, maestro or simply", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00001-00013811-00013911": "or", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00002-00013911-00014025": "simply David, yes David, why not David, David Lynch?", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00003-00014025-00014700": "It's September 9th, 2022 and ...", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00004-00014700-00015593": "if he", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00005-00015593-00016359": "can believe it, it's a Friday once again, it's a Friday once again!", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00006-00016359-00017523": "Here in Naples a clear afternoon, in this moment are 16:00 p. m. pratically and as you", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00007-00017523-00017623": "know", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00008-00017623-00018462": "because you know that I shaved the beard and yes very still right now, 84.2 fahrenheit", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00009-00018462-00019184": "29 celsius, and this means that it's that day really, really, really, really hot like", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00010-00019184-00019284": "in these", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00011-00019284-00020316": "days and in this period. Not like the hell of over two months ago (I never remember the", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00012-00020316-00020416": "day", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00013-00020416-00021540": "but it was in the end of June or in the first days of July), so not like the hell of that", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00014-00021540-00021649": "day with", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00015-00021649-00022494": "98.6 fahrenheit in the afternoon but we're really closest to it and I should say that", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00016-00022494-00022594": "fa di", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00017-00022594-00023224": "new hot unfortunately and I hope it ends as soon as possible because after having already", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00018-00023224-00023324": "passed", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00019-00023324-00024262": "all of July and all of August so I can't take it anymore, but I think we are close, maximum", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00020-00024262-00025188": "a matter of a week. It's a Friday once again and first of all as every Friday as you know", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00021-00025188-00026020": "I shaved my beard with this, fantastic, electric, gray razor also this I think very cheap,", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00022-00026020-00026970": "very great. And for all the other points of my Friday routine, to deepen this thing of", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00023-00026970-00027070": "the", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00024-00027070-00028083": "beard and the other points of my Friday routine and also other thoughts of the day if they", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00025-00028083-00029356": "come in mind later, I don't know in this moment, refer always to the description.", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00026-00029356-00030644": "Being already afternoon I think that the temperature now is this, as I said a moment ago", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00027-00030644-00030744": "I", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00028-00030744-00031414": "repeat 84.2 fahrenheit 29 celsius, but the really important thing with this atmosphere", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00029-00031414-00031566": "is that", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00030-00031566-00032587": "today we have, today we have those beautiful blue skies and golden sunshine all along the", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00031-00032587-00033140": "way. All along the way obviously other 3-4 hours because as you know in comparison above", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00032-00033140-00033722": "all with the American friends we have a completely different schedule or hours.", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00033-00033722-00034218": "Well, so said this:", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00034-00034218-00035266": "so from the mythical window with the orange, red, blue, green water courtain and its green", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00035-00035266-00035366": "roller shooter,", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00036-00035366-00035984": "not visible and in fact here in the shot today,", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00037-00035984-00037175": "and finally from my mythical keyboard Yamaha DGX640 YPG, YPG-625", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00038-00037175-00037815": "have a great day him, all the people who follow the channel and the weathers, also to my", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00039-00037815-00039269": "brother and finally I hope you all have a great breakfast.", "9Aw4ZokN2Ky-00040-00039269-00039968": "I'll see you tomorrow!"}}, {"audio_id": "9A_rR_BBt3E", "text": {"9A_rR_BBt3E-00000-00000138-00004545": "Yes, before closing I wanted to say one last thing", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00001-00004545-00005976": "on the cast.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00002-00005976-00014069": "The film as a whole however is truly a masterpiece, one of those films indeed", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00003-00014069-00026116": "unforgettable but as far as the cast is concerned, in my opinion there are actors who are not", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00004-00026116-00026216": "really", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00005-00026216-00026597": "so well known, that at this moment they escape me, but in particular I would like to mention", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00006-00026597-00026697": "them", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00007-00026697-00026813": "one, which is Ed Harris.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00008-00026813-00027011": "In my opinion in that role in the film is extraordinary, but he is great", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00009-00027011-00027483": "actor in other films too, because I have seen him in other films as well.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00010-00027483-00027644": "Another movie in which", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00011-00027644-00028391": "I think he has a great role too, at least the ones I've seen are a History of", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00012-00028391-00028745": "Violence, if I'm not mistaken, a 2005 film by David Cronenberg.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00013-00028745-00028908": "Films with Viggo Mortensen, more", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00014-00028908-00029393": "very underrated actor, one generally remembers him only for Aragorn from The Lord of the", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00015-00029393-00029944": "Rings but, by the way, he's a David Cronenberg fetish actor as you know, but I said in the", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00016-00029944-00030866": "other films he is equally a great actor, I don't know if he is one of my favorites but", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00017-00030866-00031033": "still I am", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00018-00031033-00031404": "I consider a good actor even outside of The Lord of the Rings.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00019-00031404-00031504": "Anyway I said Ed", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00020-00031504-00031642": "Harris in that Cronenberg film offers another interesting proof.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00021-00031642-00031850": "And I repeat, in my opinion him", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00022-00031850-00032161": "he is one of those cases of very underrated actors.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00023-00032161-00032441": "Maybe someone will say \"it's not true, it is", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00024-00032441-00032541": "an insignificant actor.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00025-00032541-00032893": "And they are also those actors who just did not get that", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00026-00032893-00033242": "success that they had not to say necessarily but almost to obtain.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00027-00033242-00033362": "I don't know if anyone", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00028-00033362-00033504": "here he knows this actor well.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00029-00033504-00033892": "It's not like I've seen all of his films, I've seen a few, though", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00030-00033892-00034233": "precisely I would be interested to know what you think about it, that is, of him, if anyone", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00031-00034233-00034333": "is", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00032-00034333-00034433": "he \"knows\" well.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00033-00034433-00034799": "However, as this video on The Truman Show is very long, I don't know", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00034-00034799-00035308": "if here in the comment or in the Neapolitan Weather Report I could divide the video into", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00035-00035308-00035413": "three parts", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00036-00035413-00035801": "to close the video by Friday.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00037-00035801-00036088": "Comment here as you generally know them", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00038-00036088-00036622": "I always write integers and when I can't do it I add the rest in the answer.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00039-00036622-00036722": "Anyway", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00040-00036722-00036822": "let's see'.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00041-00036822-00037132": "Of course, maybe I would have liked to add other things but I have already spoken here", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00042-00037132-00037232": "20", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00043-00037232-00037549": "minutes and already in my opinion I have said even little compared to everything I wanted", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00044-00037549-00037679": "to say.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00045-00037679-00037851": "But it is not", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00046-00037851-00038369": "that this is a channel where I do explanations on films or criticism on films, in fact already", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00047-00038369-00038469": "i", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00048-00038469-00038765": "critics or other users take care of this.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00049-00038765-00039253": "Remember these are always additional videos", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00050-00039253-00039697": "and in my opinion I exaggerate too much, I could even do without it in short.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00051-00039697-00039825": "After all, there are", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00052-00039825-00040187": "already the Reports which are the main videos, these are always additional videos.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00053-00040187-00040287": "According to", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00054-00040287-00040695": "me nobody sees them, maybe only Sara sees them, haha ​​and above all from start", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00055-00040695-00040795": "to finish.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00056-00040795-00040895": "Also", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00057-00040895-00041349": "because then they are in Italian with English subtitles of course, but I don't think most", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00058-00041349-00041449": "of them", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00059-00041449-00041752": "part of the subscribers watch these videos from start to finish.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00060-00041752-00041925": "Again, it's true, there are subtitles", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00061-00041925-00042222": "in English, but in my opinion this anyway is one of the reasons why people don't", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00062-00042222-00042709": "interest as well as in my opinion in general people do not care about these videos", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00063-00042709-00042809": "with respect to the Reports.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00064-00042809-00043065": "But then yesterday I did just a specific video on this issue, I think", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00065-00043065-00043370": "that I will upload it in a few days, so I also hear the opinion of the members here", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00066-00043370-00043470": "on this", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00067-00043470-00043856": "precisely that I am thinking of not doing the video-thoughts anymore.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00068-00043856-00043962": "But then I repeat in this", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00069-00043962-00044134": "video I talked about it better.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00070-00044134-00044908": "And so if someone is interested he will be able to understand a little better", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00071-00044908-00045008": "all these matters.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00072-00045008-00045466": "Yes, I think I've said all, per usual if other things", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00073-00045466-00046075": "came in my mind then I add it in the description.", "9A_rR_BBt3E-00074-00046075-00046290": "Have a great day again!"}}, {"audio_id": "9ALDsfWAQBA", "text": {"9ALDsfWAQBA-00000-00000000-00000219": "EBONEY MCKINNEY: From the time you walk onto campus", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00001-00000219-00000483": "you feel like you're part of something really special.", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00002-00000483-00000807": "One of the biggest draws to this particular program", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00003-00000807-00001155": "is that you are in a group with like-minded people.", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00004-00001155-00001378": "Everyone is passionate about education.", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00005-00001378-00001605": "ANN NEARY: There's a lot of diversity here.", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00006-00001605-00001866": "People are very accepting and genuine", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00007-00001866-00002064": "in their concern for others.", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00008-00002064-00002469": "TRICIA CALIENTO: The network of alums is almost surreal.", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00009-00002469-00002901": "If you need to seek advice or if you just need inspiration", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00010-00002901-00003129": "there's so many people to turn to.", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00011-00003129-00003351": "JAY BRIGHT: A lot of the Mount Holyoke philosophy", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00012-00003351-00003585": "is very forward-thinking and progressive", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00013-00003585-00003897": "and on the cutting edge of what's current in education.", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00014-00003897-00004296": "MARTA GARCIA: There's such a rich, nurturing environment", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00015-00004296-00004350": "here.", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00016-00004350-00004560": "But it's also very rigorous.", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00017-00004560-00004737": "And so there's a great balance.", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00018-00004737-00004875": "MATT STERLEIN: You really develop", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00019-00004875-00005231": "one-on-one relationships with everybody in the program here.", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00020-00005231-00005610": "Anyone who's looking to be a part of a close-knit community", "9ALDsfWAQBA-00021-00005610-00005886": "like that would really like the school."}}, {"audio_id": "9APjwW6aEvo", "text": {"9APjwW6aEvo-00000-00000000-00000200": "What kind of food?", "9APjwW6aEvo-00001-00000200-00000400": "Street food"}}, {"audio_id": "9BjvnpLdFSE", "text": {"9BjvnpLdFSE-00000-00000184-00000608": "hi i'm alex and i finally got around to making this video", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00001-00000688-00001360": "i made a couple of drills a while before like json files that you can use with the 11 vr game", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00002-00001480-00002080": "to train a little bit more intensively in vr it's quite amazing and for a while i've been wanting", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00003-00002080-00002680": "to make this video showing myself uh playing a couple of the drills as well so you have an", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00004-00002680-00003215": "idea of what's going on honestly i i might not be moving exactly i should you should be moving", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00005-00003215-00003584": "i'm also moving a little bit less because i'm worried about the cable and in general in vr", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00006-00003647-00004312": "we tend to move a little bit less fast uh but this is the first video that i'll do", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00007-00004312-00004784": "about a couple of basis basic exercises that beginners can start with as well", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00008-00004904-00005448": "if you want you can change the speed of the ball and such as you would normally do there's", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00009-00005448-00005968": "a setting to slow down time a little bit and so you have a bit more time in between strokes", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00010-00006048-00006816": "um but generally i think this bass is is not that bad now let's let's take a look at what it looks", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00011-00006816-00007848": "like when we're playing all right so here you see me start with a simple back-end drive um there's", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00012-00007848-00008224": "already a little bit of topspin on it but i guess at a certain level that's just what happens", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00013-00008224-00008656": "um from the beginning actually it's good to add a little bit of topspin on all of your", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00014-00008656-00009400": "drives to get a little bit more control out of them um but anyway i'm showing you how to do", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00015-00009400-00009800": "the stroke at a little bit higher level but you should be able to at least handle the rhythm", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00016-00009912-00010568": "the reason why i say to not maybe change the rhythm too fast is because if you get used to", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00017-00010568-00011112": "this rhythm i mean it will be more realistic when you're actually playing a game right and it also", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00018-00011216-00011728": "obliges you to make more economic strokes so you don't make really big strokes i don't move really", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00019-00011728-00012328": "uh too much to get in position um because then you will just be slow when you play actually uh", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00020-00012328-00012800": "a real game here with the forehand so in general even with the back end it's the same thing", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00021-00012800-00013191": "you first start with simple drives but even in this exercise you can already start", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00022-00013272-00013647": "um playing with a little bit more top spin when you feel more comfortable so maybe", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00023-00013647-00014376": "about 20 30 um simple drives and then the rest can be top spin i would say you do like about 100", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00024-00014376-00015032": "backhands 100 forehands to get into the groove it's always a good way to start your sessions um", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00025-00015104-00015568": "you will notice that after just a couple of strokes you will get more confident if you don't", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00026-00015568-00016112": "do it you might get a bit frustrated in the first games because it's not really working as it should", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00027-00016112-00016936": "yet right so i advise to always start with uh like about a hundred balls four and on their balls 100", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00028-00016936-00017536": "backhand um initiator you can probably skip this one and start with two backhands to", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00029-00017536-00018088": "four ends but at the beginning it's uh it's a good idea just to get a solid solid grip on", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00030-00018248-00018832": "the strokes themselves uh here i show as well the um the description", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00031-00018888-00019424": "so all of the exercises i actually have right now they have a description as well so if you", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00032-00019544-00020216": "if you select one of the strokes in the in the exercise you will see the description of the full", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00033-00020216-00020864": "exercise and how many you need to select in all of that so that should help you out in setting up the", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00034-00020864-00021480": "right exercises they're also numbered like and it should should be quite straightforward so if", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00035-00021480-00022008": "you want to do the first exercise you just select uh one of the strokes of the first exercise read", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00036-00022008-00022440": "what is what it says there how many others you might need to select which would be 1.1 and 1.2", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00037-00022496-00023056": "maybe in this case it would just be 1.1 and then 1.2 because it's 400 and then back-end in the case", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00038-00023056-00023720": "of this example for example well in this drill it's two foreign so you would select all four", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00039-00023864-00024792": "strokes so it's 2.1 2.2.2.3 and 2.4 this will help you switch a little bit uh this will help you", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00040-00024792-00025400": "learn how to switch between back end and forward which is i mean seems obvious but it always", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00041-00025400-00025944": "always quite important actually i have a a group that is not ideal for switching between backend", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00042-00025944-00026592": "and foreign so i will advise you to do this exercise you keep track of how you're gripping", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00043-00026592-00026952": "the pedal and how you're changing between back and forth and if it's not slowing you down too much", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00044-00027072-00027783": "the next exercise we do is um just simple pushes um it's the same thing in the beginning i would", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00045-00027783-00028536": "do these for maybe 100 balls backhand honor balls in the forehand doesn't matter if you", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00046-00028536-00029024": "miss too much you try to try to vary a little bit like the amount of backspin you put on it maybe", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00047-00029095-00029488": "after a while you can start flicking it a little bit like i'm trying to do here but i'm", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00048-00029488-00030232": "missing a lot uh but that's that's how you train you just miss and then you start making them um", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00049-00030320-00031039": "also play a lot with uh pushing short pushing deep to the middle to the back end so you can start to", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00050-00031039-00031568": "use push as a little bit more aggressive stroke than just passing the ball back", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00051-00031720-00032383": "um okay let's take a look at foreign pushes as well in a second", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00052-00032512-00033216": "and there we go so in general when you do pushes you can see my real body move as well on the", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00053-00033216-00033816": "right top corner and for the back end it was the same the idea is that you you go into the table", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00054-00033816-00034208": "to go to the ball but you always come back out as well even if you're always playing the same shot", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00055-00034280-00034808": "this is to get you used to the idea of of getting prepared for the next ball you kind of have to get", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00056-00034808-00035192": "back to a more neutral position otherwise you're going to be way out of position you're going to", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00057-00035192-00035584": "lose the points very quickly because it will just play short to your forehand deep to your", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00058-00035584-00036072": "back end there's no way you're going to get there if you don't take that step backwards now i'm not", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00059-00036152-00036536": "really overdoing it in here i'm doing just a really small step you could actually move", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00060-00036536-00037056": "back quite a bit more um but basically the idea is to just have it in your mind to not", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00061-00037056-00037576": "just stay close to the net because even even in this game i mean the table's not really there", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00062-00037576-00038120": "you could just stay in the middle of the table and then be totally out of position all right", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00063-00038312-00039520": "so the next the next exercise is gonna be right spinning up a backspin ball which is", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00064-00039664-00040032": "maybe a little bit advanced already i mean it's easier to take the first exercise", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00065-00040032-00040384": "uh just the back ends on the forums and start adding a little bit of spin on top but this is", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00066-00040440-00041008": "i mean it's a big part of the game so it makes sense that it's there even in basic drills", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00067-00041072-00041672": "so the ball is coming in with a bit of backspin and i'm spinning up the ball", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00068-00041736-00042384": "so you notice that my movement is less horizontal so i'm i my stroke is a bit more vertical i'm", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00069-00042384-00043064": "using my legs a little bit more to lift the ball as well like i said you can get better examples of", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00070-00043064-00044016": "of this technique being performed but uh i think it's not a bad example to start with for sure so", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00071-00044232-00044784": "spinning up the ball in the beginning i i would advise to do these separate", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00072-00044920-00045448": "and touch drills so you get used to it sometimes of course if you're if you get tired you can", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00073-00045448-00045824": "let a couple of balls fly by there's no problem you know nobody's watching you", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00074-00045824-00046384": "you can miss a thousand balls if you're trying to go for a really strong one but i would advise to", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00075-00046496-00046912": "to try something new for sure but not just new stuff always try to", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00076-00047056-00047488": "to get secure as well at certain strokes so you can try to get secure a really strong", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00077-00047544-00047920": "attack but if you're always missing and always missing you're gonna get really frustrated so", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00078-00047920-00048192": "try to start in a way that you can control and then accelerate from there", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00079-00048344-00048904": "and uh it's gonna be a lot of fun even though it's just a robot you'll see in a bit as well or", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00080-00048904-00049736": "maybe in the advanced exercise this video how how intense it can be to play with the ball machine", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00081-00049920-00050120": "all right so now we're in the forehand um", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00082-00050312-00050712": "like if you you can look at the way my legs are positioned as well", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00083-00050712-00051248": "like in the back end i have my bed uh straight in front of my chest and forehand it's more like", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00084-00051248-00051984": "to the left side of my body like of course i'm a left-hander so um that's where it's gonna be", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00085-00052967-00053384": "alright so let's go to the next exercise", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00086-00053736-00054352": "all right so this is a an exercise that is kind of basic but it's well you can also see it as a", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00087-00054352-00054872": "intermediate exercise it already allows you to move your feet a little bit as you see in the", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00088-00054872-00055816": "top right corner so this drill is basically a a foreign to the d4 end uh you play a foreign from", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00089-00055816-00056248": "the middle as well then a foreign from the d4 and again and then a back end and you keep doing that", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00090-00056304-00056808": "so the idea is that you learn to make small adjustments to to reach the ball when it goes", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00091-00056808-00057584": "to the middle after playing a deep forehand and yeah it's a very simple footwork drill", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00092-00058152-00058824": "all right this is the last drill of the basic exercises honestly if you take your time to do", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00093-00058824-00059424": "this well i mean you're gonna start noticing after a while that you move better you move a bit faster", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00094-00059424-00059976": "uh just remember to always combine it with multiplayer matches as well because it's like", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00095-00059976-00060536": "the randomness of an of a real player on the other side is never going to be matched by a machine i", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00096-00060536-00060991": "mean it could be but then there's a lot of other factors that are not distracting you like you you", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00097-00060991-00061376": "don't see any bats moving and all that stuff so it's it's always going to be a bit different the", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00098-00061376-00061976": "lag is always also a bit different at least in this game not in real life um so always try to", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00099-00061976-00062448": "play against multiplayer as well in multiplayer as well because you'll notice that it's uh", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00100-00062728-00063088": "it's uh not exactly the same and i mean it can be very frustrating if", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00101-00063088-00063367": "you've been training only and with a ball launcher and then you go in", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00102-00063367-00063767": "multiplayer and nothing works right so you always have to see how it differs", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00103-00063976-00064567": "right now i just up the speed a little bit to show you like that you can just go a little", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00104-00064567-00065088": "bit faster as well and after a while if you if you feel more confident and uh", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00105-00065248-00065664": "yeah and and get a faster reaction speed shorter movements all that stuff", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00106-00065664-00066520": "all right so thanks for watching and if you like it like if you liked it a lot maybe subscribe", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00107-00066520-00067088": "it's not like i make a lot of videos but when i do you'll be notified and you can watch it", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00108-00067160-00067536": "so good luck with the drills and maybe i'll see you out there", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00109-00067592-00068240": "if you are interested in um learning a bit more about um the strokes themselves and and how to", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00110-00068240-00068816": "apply them how to maybe go from what the strokes that you're doing now and then start applying uh", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00111-00068912-00069608": "real life good techniques you can always contact me also because i give classes as well in vr", "9BjvnpLdFSE-00112-00069672-00070184": "if you didn't know already so good luck and let me know if you have any doubts"}}, {"audio_id": "9BqER1NWNzE", "text": {"9BqER1NWNzE-00000-00000000-00000386": "Have you ever dreamed that you were eating something, and it turned out to be something so mortifying that you try to forget it but all your brain can do is bring it up and burn the image into your mind, until it is all you think about, you lose sleep, your appetite, and eventually all of your meaningful relationships?"}}, {"audio_id": "9BLzwWEZlaM", "text": {"9BLzwWEZlaM-00000-00000000-00000150": "Easy and Fast way to create design."}}]