[{"audio_id": "0ADxmDpLYsc", "text": {"0ADxmDpLYsc-00000-00000043-00000428": "pope urban ii Ladin urbanist to see 10", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00001-00000429-00000831": "35 to 29 july 1099 born odo of Chatillon", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00002-00000832-00001053": "or Otho de la Guri was Pope from the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00003-00001054-00001364": "12th of March 1088 to his death in 1099", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00004-00001365-00001632": "before his papacy he was the Bishop of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00005-00001632-00001935": "Ostia under the name owed as the Pope he", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00006-00001936-00002058": "would have to deal with many issues", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00007-00002059-00002277": "including the antipope Clement the 3rd", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00008-00002278-00002493": "in fighting of various Christian nations", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00009-00002494-00002784": "and the Muslim incursions into Europe he", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00010-00002785-00002970": "is best known for initiating the First", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00011-00002971-00003288": "Crusade 1096 299 and setting up the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00012-00003289-00003495": "modern-day Roman Curia in the manner of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00013-00003496-00003720": "a royal ecclesiastical court to help run", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00014-00003721-00003990": "the church he promised forgiveness and", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00015-00003990-00004188": "pardon for all of the past sins of those", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00016-00004189-00004365": "who would fight to reclaim the Holy Land", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00017-00004366-00004545": "and free the Eastern Churches this", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00018-00004546-00004725": "pardon would also apply to those that", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00019-00004726-00004979": "would fight the Moors in Spain pope", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00020-00004980-00005261": "urban ii was a native of france he was a", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00021-00005262-00005433": "descendant of a noble family in", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00022-00005434-00005709": "Chatillon sur Marne bronx was the nearby", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00023-00005710-00005936": "Cathedral school that urban at that time", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00024-00005937-00006450": "ood began his studies at 1050", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00025-00006451-00007004": "topic Bishop of Ostia", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00026-00007005-00007306": "urban baptize dude odo was born to a", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00027-00007308-00007481": "family of Chatillon sir barn", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00028-00007481-00007756": "he was prior of the abbey of Cluny later", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00029-00007758-00007940": "pope gregory the seventh named him", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00030-00007941-00008288": "cardinal bishop of Ostia C 1080 he was", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00031-00008289-00008462": "one of the most prominent and active", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00032-00008463-00008645": "supporters of the Gregorian reforms", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00033-00008646-00008852": "especially as legged in the Holy Roman", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00034-00008853-00009188": "Empire in 1084 he was among the three", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00035-00009189-00009386": "whom Gregory the seventh nominated as", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00036-00009387-00009713": "palpable possible successors Desiderius", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00037-00009714-00009950": "the abbot of Monte Cassino was chosen to", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00038-00009951-00010214": "follow Gregory in 1085 but after his", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00039-00010215-00010418": "short reign as Victor the third odo was", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00040-00010419-00010598": "elected by acclamation at a small", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00041-00010599-00010778": "meeting of Cardinals and other prelate", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00042-00010779-00011364": "held in teresina in March 1088", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00043-00011365-00011812": "popeck papacy", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00044-00011813-00012312": "topic struggle for authority", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00045-00012313-00012580": "from the outset Urban had to reckon with", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00046-00012581-00012760": "the presence of Glee Bert the former", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00047-00012761-00012952": "bishop of ravenna who held Rome as the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00048-00012953-00013276": "antipope Clement the third Gregory had", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00049-00013277-00013444": "repeatedly clashed with the Emperor", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00050-00013444-00013665": "Henry the fourth over papal Authority", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00051-00013666-00013938": "despite the walk to Canosa Gregory had", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00052-00013940-00014119": "backed the rebel Duke of Swabia and", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00053-00014119-00014380": "again excommunicated the Emperor Henry", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00054-00014381-00014665": "finally took Rome in 1084 and installed", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00055-00014666-00014865": "Clement the third in his place", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00056-00014866-00015112": "urban took up the policies of Pope", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00057-00015113-00015304": "Gregory the seventh and while pursuing", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00058-00015305-00015481": "them with determination showed greater", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00059-00015482-00015716": "flexibility and diplomatic finesse", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00060-00015718-00015994": "usually kept away from Rome urban toward", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00061-00015994-00016285": "northern Italy and France a series of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00062-00016286-00016534": "well attended synods held in Rome Amalfi", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00063-00016535-00016765": "benevento and Trulia supported him in", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00064-00016766-00016963": "renewed declarations against Simon II", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00065-00016964-00017172": "lay investitures clerical marriages", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00066-00017173-00017392": "partly via the Collegium tax and the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00067-00017393-00017677": "Emperor and his antipope he facilitated", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00068-00017678-00017854": "the marriage of Matilda Countess of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00069-00017855-00018078": "Tuscany with wealth to Duke of Bavaria", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00070-00018079-00018331": "he supported the rebellion of Prince", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00071-00018332-00018544": "Conrad against his father and receiving", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00072-00018545-00018688": "the office of the groom from him at", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00073-00018689-00019009": "Cremona in 1095 while there he helped", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00074-00019010-00019189": "arrange the marriage between conrad and", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00075-00019190-00019393": "maxim ella the daughter of count roger", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00076-00019394-00019606": "of sicily which occurred later that year", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00077-00019607-00019834": "at pisa her large dowry helped finance", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00078-00019835-00020137": "Conrad's continued campaigns the Empress", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00079-00020138-00020328": "Adelaide was encouraged in her charges", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00080-00020329-00020542": "of sexual coercion against her husband", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00081-00020543-00020782": "Henry the fourth he supported the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00082-00020783-00021010": "theological and ecclesiastical work of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00083-00021011-00021238": "Ansem negotiating a solution to the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00084-00021239-00021469": "clerics impasse with king william ii of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00085-00021470-00021655": "england and finally receiving england", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00086-00021656-00021844": "support against the imperial pope in", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00087-00021845-00022153": "rome urban maintained vigorous support", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00088-00022154-00022384": "for his predecessors reforms however and", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00089-00022385-00022591": "did not shy from supporting Anselm when", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00090-00022592-00022786": "the new Archbishop of Canterbury fled to", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00091-00022787-00023071": "England likewise despite the importance", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00092-00023072-00023247": "of French support for his cause he", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00093-00023248-00023415": "upheld his leggett hue of dies", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00094-00023416-00023631": "excommunication of King Philip over his", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00095-00023632-00023830": "EE bigamous marriage with bertrand de", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00096-00023831-00024115": "montfort wife of the count of Anjou the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00097-00024116-00024328": "ban was repeatedly lifted and reimpose", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00098-00024329-00024519": "Dazz the King promised to forswear her", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00099-00024520-00024709": "and then repeatedly return to her a", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00100-00024710-00025015": "public penance in 1104 ended the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00101-00025016-00025200": "controversy although Burchard remained", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00102-00025201-00025375": "active in attempting to see her son", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00103-00025376-00025537": "succeed Philip instead of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00104-00025538-00025830": "yes", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00105-00025831-00026387": "topic first crusade", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00106-00026388-00026589": "the Pope's movement took its first", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00107-00026589-00026820": "public shape at the council of Piacenza", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00108-00026820-00027140": "where in march 1095 urban ii received an", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00109-00027141-00027317": "ambassador from the byzantine emperor", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00110-00027318-00027548": "alexios the first Caminos asking for", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00111-00027549-00027755": "help against the Muslim Seljuk Turks who", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00112-00027756-00027908": "had taken over most of formerly", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00113-00027909-00028217": "Byzantine Anatolia a Great Council met", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00114-00028218-00028451": "attended by numerous Italian burgundy", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00115-00028452-00028689": "and French bishops in such vast numbers", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00116-00028689-00028839": "it had to be held in the open air", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00117-00028839-00029087": "outside the city of Clermont though the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00118-00029088-00029292": "Council of Clermont held in November of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00119-00029293-00029495": "the same year was primarily focused on", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00120-00029496-00029639": "reforms within the church hierarchy", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00121-00029640-00029951": "urban ii gave a speech on the 27th of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00122-00029952-00030208": "november 1095 to a broader audience", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00123-00030209-00030455": "urban the second sermon proved highly", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00124-00030456-00030654": "effective as he summoned the attending", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00125-00030655-00030845": "nobility and the people to rest the Holy", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00126-00030846-00031055": "Land and the Eastern Churches generally", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00127-00031056-00031208": "from the control of the seljuq turks", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00128-00031209-00031461": "there exists no exact transcription of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00129-00031462-00031617": "the speech that urban delivered at the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00130-00031618-00031892": "Council of Clermont the five extant", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00131-00031893-00032057": "versions of the speech were written down", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00132-00032058-00032229": "sometime later and they differ widely", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00133-00032230-00032486": "from one another all versions of the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00134-00032487-00032690": "speech except that by Fulcher of char", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00135-00032691-00032867": "trees were probably influenced by the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00136-00032868-00033036": "chronicle account of the First Crusade", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00137-00033037-00033340": "called the gesta francorum written C", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00138-00033341-00033617": "1101 which includes a version of it", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00139-00033618-00033830": "vulture of char trees was present at the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00140-00033831-00034023": "council though he did not start writing", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00141-00034024-00034217": "his history of the crusade including a", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00142-00034218-00034548": "version of the speech until C 1101", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00143-00034549-00034739": "Robert the monk may have been present", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00144-00034740-00034952": "but his version dates from about eleven", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00145-00034953-00035258": "oh six the five versions of urban speech", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00146-00035259-00035457": "reflect much more clearly what later", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00147-00035458-00035649": "authors thought urban ii should have", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00148-00035650-00035826": "said to launch the first crusade than", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00149-00035827-00036143": "what urban ii actually did say as a", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00150-00036144-00036374": "better means of evaluating Urban's true", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00151-00036375-00036573": "motives in calling for a crusade to the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00152-00036574-00036786": "holy lands there are four extant letters", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00153-00036787-00037005": "written by Pope Urban himself one to the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00154-00037006-00037277": "Flemish dated December 1095 one to the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00155-00037278-00037565": "Boland days dated September 1096 one to", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00156-00037566-00037862": "Vallum Broza dated October 10 96 and one", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00157-00037863-00038049": "to the counts of Catalonia dated either", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00158-00038050-00038365": "1080 nine or ten ninety-six to 1099", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00159-00038366-00038639": "however whereas the three former letters", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00160-00038640-00038817": "were concerned with rallying popular", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00161-00038818-00038967": "support for the Crusades and", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00162-00038968-00039176": "establishing the objectives his letters", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00163-00039177-00039383": "to the Catalonian Lords instead beseech", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00164-00039384-00039549": "them to continue the fight against the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00165-00039550-00039732": "Moors assuring them that doing so would", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00166-00039733-00039774": "offered", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00167-00039775-00039957": "same divine rewards as a conflict", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00168-00039958-00040215": "against the Seljuks it is urban the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00169-00040216-00040383": "second zone letters rather than the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00170-00040384-00040569": "paraphrased versions of his speech at", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00171-00040570-00040764": "Clermont that reveal his actual thinking", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00172-00040765-00041031": "about crusading nevertheless the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00173-00041032-00041202": "versions of the speech have had a great", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00174-00041203-00041418": "influence on popular conceptions and", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00175-00041419-00041634": "misconceptions about the Crusades so it", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00176-00041635-00041799": "is worth comparing the five composed", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00177-00041800-00042108": "speeches to Urban's actual words vulture", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00178-00042109-00042405": "of char trees has urban saying this high", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00179-00042406-00042630": "or rather the Lord beseech you as Christ", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00180-00042631-00042837": "heralds to publish this everywhere and", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00181-00042838-00043035": "to purse all people of whatever rank", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00182-00043036-00043221": "foot soldiers and knights pour enriched", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00183-00043222-00043380": "to carry aid promptly to those", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00184-00043381-00043575": "Christians and to destroy that vile race", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00185-00043576-00043842": "from the lands of our friends I say this", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00186-00043843-00044004": "to those who are present it is meant", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00187-00044005-00044265": "also for those who are absent moreover", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00188-00044266-00044604": "Christ commands it the chronicler Robert", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00189-00044605-00044769": "the monk put this into the mouths of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00190-00044770-00045090": "urban the second this land which you", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00191-00045091-00045312": "inhabit shut in on all sides by the Seas", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00192-00045313-00045501": "and surrounded by the mountain peaks is", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00193-00045502-00045732": "too narrow for your large population nor", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00194-00045733-00045864": "does it abound in wealth and it", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00195-00045865-00046050": "furnishes scarcely food enough for its", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00196-00046051-00046311": "cultivators hence it is that you murder", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00197-00046312-00046512": "one another that you wage war and that", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00198-00046513-00046713": "frequently you perish by mutual wounds", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00199-00046714-00046986": "let therefore hatred depart from among", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00200-00046987-00047211": "you let your quarrels and let wars cease", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00201-00047212-00047427": "and let all dissensions in controversy", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00202-00047428-00047700": "slumber enter upon the road to the holy", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00203-00047701-00047913": "sepulchre rest that land from the wicked", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00204-00047914-00048219": "race and subject it to yourselves", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00205-00048220-00048462": "God has conferred upon you above all", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00206-00048463-00048762": "nations great glory in arms accordingly", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00207-00048763-00048942": "undertake this journey for the remission", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00208-00048943-00049119": "of your sins with the assurance of the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00209-00049120-00049302": "imperishable glory of the kingdom of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00210-00049303-00049376": "heaven", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00211-00049377-00049734": "Robert continued when Pope Urban had", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00212-00049735-00050037": "said these things in his urbane", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00213-00050038-00050109": "discourse", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00214-00050110-00050295": "he's so influenced to one purpose the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00215-00050296-00050490": "desires of all who are present that they", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00216-00050491-00050772": "cried out it is the will of God it is", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00217-00050773-00051084": "the will of God when the venerable Roman", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00218-00051085-00051327": "pontiff heard that he said most beloved", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00219-00051328-00051579": "brethren today is manifest in you what", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00220-00051579-00051825": "the Lord says in the gospel where two or", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00221-00051826-00052004": "three are gathered together in my name", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00222-00052005-00052221": "there am I in the midst of them unless", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00223-00052222-00052421": "the Lord God had been present in your", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00224-00052422-00052599": "spirits all of you would not have", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00225-00052600-00052887": "uttered the same cry for although the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00226-00052888-00053129": "cry issued from numerous mouths yet the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00227-00053130-00053439": "origin of the cry was one therefore I", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00228-00053440-00053679": "say to you that God who implanted this", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00229-00053679-00053895": "in your breasts has drawn it forth from", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00230-00053896-00054189": "you let this then be your war cry in", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00231-00054190-00054408": "combats because this word is given to", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00232-00054409-00054726": "you by God when an armed attack is made", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00233-00054727-00054954": "upon the enemy let this one cry be", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00234-00054954-00055197": "raised by all the soldiers of God it is", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00235-00055198-00055567": "the will of God it is the will of God", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00236-00055569-00055839": "within Fulcher of char trees account of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00237-00055840-00056042": "Pope Urban speech there was a promise of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00238-00056044-00056241": "remission of sins for whoever took part", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00239-00056241-00056424": "in the crusade all who died by the way", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00240-00056425-00056666": "whether by land or by sea or in battle", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00241-00056667-00056853": "against the pagans shall have immediate", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00242-00056854-00057099": "remission of sins this I grant them", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00243-00057100-00057264": "through the power of God with which I am", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00244-00057265-00057564": "invested Oh what a disgrace if such a", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00245-00057565-00057786": "despised and base race which worships", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00246-00057787-00057980": "demons should conquer a people which has", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00247-00057982-00058173": "the faith of omnipotent God and has made", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00248-00058174-00058422": "glorious with the name of Christ with", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00249-00058423-00058604": "what reproaches will the Lord overwhelm", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00250-00058605-00058791": "us if you do not aid those who with us", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00251-00058791-00059052": "profess the Christian religion let those", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00252-00059053-00059235": "who have been accustomed unjustly to", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00253-00059236-00059403": "wage private warfare against the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00254-00059404-00059607": "faithful now go against the infidels and", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00255-00059608-00059778": "end with victory this war which should", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00256-00059779-00060039": "have been begun long ago let those who", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00257-00060040-00060242": "for a long time have been robbers now", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00258-00060244-00060491": "become Knights let those who have been", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00259-00060492-00060639": "fighting against their brothers and", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00260-00060640-00060807": "relatives now fight in a proper way", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00261-00060808-00061077": "against the barbarians let those who", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00262-00061078-00061248": "have been serving as mercenaries for", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00263-00061249-00061494": "small pay now obtain the eternal reward", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00264-00061495-00061667": "let those who have been wearing", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00265-00061669-00061869": "themselves out in both body and soul now", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00266-00061870-00062157": "work for a double honor the hold on this", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00267-00062158-00062354": "side will be the sorrowful and poor on", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00268-00062355-00062565": "that the rich on this side the enemies", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00269-00062566-00062835": "of the Lord on that his friends let", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00270-00062836-00063027": "those who go not put off the journey but", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00271-00063028-00063195": "rent their lands and collect money for", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00272-00063196-00063392": "their expenses and as soon as winter is", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00273-00063394-00063585": "over and spring comes let them eagerly", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00274-00063586-00063753": "set out on the way with God is their", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00275-00063754-00064044": "guide it is disputed whether the famous", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00276-00064045-00064389": "slogan God wills it or it is the will of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00277-00064390-00064730": "God Deus vult in Latin Gulliver in", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00278-00064732-00064926": "French in fact was established as a", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00279-00064927-00065178": "rallying cry during the council while", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00280-00065179-00065370": "Robert the monk says so it is also", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00281-00065371-00065589": "possible that the slogan was created as", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00282-00065590-00065840": "a catchy propaganda motto afterwards", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00283-00065841-00066072": "urban the second zone letter to the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00284-00066073-00066222": "flemish confirms that he granted", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00285-00066223-00066528": "remission of all their sins to those", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00286-00066529-00066726": "undertaking the enterprise to liberate", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00287-00066727-00066930": "the Eastern Churches one notable", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00288-00066931-00067137": "contrast with the speech is recorded by", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00289-00067138-00067368": "Robert the monk qui bird of nauseant and", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00290-00067369-00067551": "bal drake of DA is the lesser emphasis", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00291-00067552-00067803": "on Jerusalem itself which urban only", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00292-00067804-00067974": "once mentions as his own focus of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00293-00067975-00068238": "concern in the letter to the flemish he", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00294-00068239-00068466": "writes they the Turks have seized the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00295-00068467-00068712": "holy city of Christ embellished by his", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00296-00068713-00068949": "passion and resurrection and blasphemy", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00297-00068950-00069207": "to say have sold her and her churches", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00298-00069208-00069540": "into abominable slavery in the letters", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00299-00069541-00069759": "to Bologna and Vallum Broza he refers to", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00300-00069760-00069966": "the Crusaders desire to set out for", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00301-00069967-00070164": "Jerusalem rather than to his own desire", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00302-00070165-00070380": "that Jerusalem be freed from Muslim rule", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00303-00070381-00070629": "it was believed that originally that", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00304-00070630-00070830": "urban wanted to send a relatively small", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00305-00070831-00070974": "force to aid the Byzantines", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00306-00070975-00071172": "however after meeting with two prominent", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00307-00071173-00071388": "members of the Crusades Adam R of qui", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00308-00071389-00071628": "and Raymond of st. guiles Urban decided", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00309-00071629-00071826": "to rally a much larger force to retake", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00310-00071827-00072084": "Jerusalem urban the second refers to", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00311-00072085-00072276": "liberating the church as a whole or the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00312-00072277-00072471": "Eastern Churches generally rather than", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00313-00072472-00072732": "to reconquering Jerusalem itself the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00314-00072733-00073005": "phrases used are Churches of God in the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00315-00073006-00073317": "eastern region and the Eastern Churches", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00316-00073318-00073644": "to the Flemish liberation of the church", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00317-00073645-00074003": "to Bologna liberating Christianity lot", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00318-00074004-00074370": "cristiano tardes - Vallum Rosa and the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00319-00074371-00074669": "Asian Church - the Catalan counts", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00320-00074670-00074856": "coincidentally are not full", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00321-00074857-00075048": "Charter eases version of urban speech", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00322-00075049-00075284": "makes no explicit reference to Jerusalem", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00323-00075285-00075522": "rather it more generally refers to", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00324-00075523-00075768": "aiding the Crusaders Christian Brothers", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00325-00075769-00076014": "of the Eastern Shore and to their loss", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00326-00076015-00076227": "of Asia Minor to the Turks it is still", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00327-00076228-00076422": "disputed what Pope Urban's motives were", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00328-00076423-00076584": "as evidenced by the different speeches", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00329-00076585-00076776": "that were recorded all of which differ", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00330-00076777-00077022": "from each other some historians believe", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00331-00077023-00077250": "that urban wished for the reunification", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00332-00077251-00077430": "of the eastern and western churches a", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00333-00077431-00077607": "rift that was caused by the Great Schism", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00334-00077608-00077961": "of 1054 others believe that urban saw", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00335-00077962-00078114": "this as an opportunity to gain", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00336-00078115-00078327": "legitimacy as the Pope is at the time he", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00337-00078328-00078507": "was contending with the antipope Clement", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00338-00078508-00078765": "the third a third theory is that urban", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00339-00078766-00078972": "felt threatened by the Muslim incursions", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00340-00078973-00079164": "into Europe and saw the Crusades as a", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00341-00079165-00079356": "way to unite the Christian world into a", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00342-00079357-00079545": "unified defense against them the most", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00343-00079546-00079713": "important effect of the First Crusade", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00344-00079714-00079923": "for urban himself was the removal of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00345-00079924-00080196": "Clement the 3rd from Rome in 1097 by one", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00346-00080197-00080457": "of the French armies his restoration", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00347-00080458-00080619": "there was supported by Matilda of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00348-00080620-00080889": "Tuscany urban ii died on the 29th of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00349-00080890-00081186": "july 1099 14 days after the fall of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00350-00081187-00081417": "Jerusalem to the Crusaders but before", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00351-00081418-00081609": "news of the event had reached Italy his", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00352-00081610-00082080": "successor was Pope Paschal the second", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00353-00082081-00082561": "topic Spain", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00354-00082562-00082816": "urban also gave support to the Crusades", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00355-00082817-00083074": "in Spain against the Moors their Pope", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00356-00083075-00083269": "Urban was concerned that the focus on", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00357-00083270-00083452": "the East and Jerusalem would neglect the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00358-00083453-00083704": "fight in Spain he saw the fight in the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00359-00083705-00083884": "east and in Spain as part of the same", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00360-00083885-00084061": "Crusades so he would offer the same", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00361-00084062-00084220": "remission of sin for those that fought", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00362-00084221-00084412": "in Spain and discouraged those that wish", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00363-00084413-00084724": "to travel east from Spain topic Sicily", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00364-00084725-00084916": "urban received vital support in his", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00365-00084917-00085084": "conflict with the Byzantine Empire", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00366-00085085-00085312": "Romans and the Holy Roman Empire from", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00367-00085313-00085525": "the Norman of Campania and Sicily in", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00368-00085526-00085795": "return he granted Roger the first the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00369-00085796-00085990": "freedom to appoint bishops as a right of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00370-00085991-00086161": "lay investiture to collect church", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00371-00086162-00086362": "revenues before forwarding to the papacy", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00372-00086363-00086539": "and the right to sit in judgment on", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00373-00086540-00086851": "ecclesiastical questions Roger the first", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00374-00086852-00087043": "virtually became a legged of the Pope", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00375-00087044-00087346": "with in Sicily in 1098 these were", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00376-00087347-00087550": "extraordinary prerogatives that popes", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00377-00087551-00087688": "were withholding from temporal", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00378-00087689-00087868": "sovereigns elsewhere in europe and that", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00379-00087869-00088069": "later led to bitter confrontations with", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00380-00088070-00088336": "Rogers Hohenstaufen heirs topic", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00381-00088337-00088543": "veneration Pope Urban was beatified in", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00382-00088544-00088864": "1881 by Pope Leo the 13th with his feast", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00383-00088865-00089197": "day on the 29th of July topics see also", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00384-00089198-00089416": "House of Chatillon House of Natoli", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00385-00089417-00089608": "Beauvais Cathedral Milo of Mandel", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00386-00089609-00089827": "Concordat of worms Gregorian reforms", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00387-00089828-00090055": "investiture controversy topic footnotes", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00388-00090056-00090295": "topic references topic bibliography", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00389-00090296-00090715": "Becker all phones 1988 PAP's turbine ii", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00390-00090716-00091153": "1088 2 1099 in german stuttgart a higher", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00391-00091154-00091545": "summon celli Franzel anna january 1932", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00392-00091546-00091762": "contemporary reports on the mediaeval", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00393-00091763-00092323": "Roman climate speculum 7 1 Crozet r 1937", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00394-00092324-00092656": "Lavoie ajudar bane 2 at SES Arrangements", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00395-00092657-00093028": "on Vakula clergy de france 1095 2 1096", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00396-00093029-00093271": "review historic one seven nine one nine", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00397-00093272-00093537": "three seven two seven one three one o", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00398-00093538-00093982": "Gossman francis joseph 1960 pope urban", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00399-00093983-00094186": "ii and canon law the catholic university", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00400-00094187-00094516": "of america canon law studies 403", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00401-00094517-00095002": "washington 1960 loud gram 2013 the age", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00402-00095003-00095239": "of robert discard southern italy and the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00403-00095240-00095551": "northern conquest route liege a radition", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00404-00095552-00095815": "of pearson educational limited 2000", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00405-00095816-00095929": "matthew Donal", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00406-00095930-00096265": "1992 the norman kingdom of Sicily", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00407-00096266-00096562": "Cambridge University Press mcbrian", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00408-00096563-00096863": "Robert P 2000 lives of the Pope's", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00409-00096864-00097267": "HarperCollins Peters Edward II D 1971", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00410-00097268-00097522": "the First Crusade Philadelphia", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00411-00097523-00097838": "University of Pennsylvania press ISBN", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00412-00097839-00098463": "ou812 - 100 won 7-4 Rubenstein J 2011", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00413-00098464-00098704": "armies of heaven the First Crusade in", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00414-00098705-00098992": "the quest for apocalypse basic books", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00415-00098993-00099517": "ISBN o46 501 nine two nine three Klein", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00416-00099518-00099856": "hints Christopher 2004 medieval Italy an", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00417-00099857-00100141": "encyclopedia route llege Somerville", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00418-00100142-00100486": "Robert 1970 the French councils of pope", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00419-00100487-00100768": "urban ii some basic considerations an", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00420-00100769-00100969": "you are IAM his story i Concilio room", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00421-00100970-00101298": "two one nine seven oh five six six five", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00422-00101299-00101692": "Somerville Robert 1974 the Council of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00423-00101693-00101944": "Clermont 1095 and Latin Christian", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00424-00101945-00102229": "society archive um his story I pond", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00425-00102230-00102705": "officiate 12:55 - 90 jstor twenty-three", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00426-00102706-00102882": "million five hundred sixty three", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00427-00102883-00103085": "thousand six hundred thirty eight", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00428-00103086-00103479": "Somerville Robert 2011 pope urban ii", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00429-00103480-00103879": "council of Piacenza oh you p oxford p10", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00430-00103880-00104193": "is b and nine seven eight oh one nine", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00431-00104194-00104463": "nine two five eight five nine eight", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00432-00104464-00104742": "topic external links five versions of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00433-00104743-00104916": "his speech for the first crusade from", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00434-00104917-00105175": "medieval source book medieval lands", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00435-00105176-00105415": "project on 'add de Chatillon Bishop of", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00436-00105416-00105688": "Ostia pope urban ii the son of my lon", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00437-00105689-00105885": "the senior of Chatillon in the 11th", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00438-00105886-00106116": "century Urban's call for the 109 five", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00439-00106117-00106464": "crusade pope urban ii repertory 'm", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00440-00106465-00106723": "historical sources of the german middle", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00441-00106724-00107038": "ages - its Quellin des deutschen middle", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00442-00107039-00107344": "alters literature by and about pope", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00443-00107345-00107599": "urban ii in the german national library", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00444-00107600-00107985": "catalog works by and about pope urban ii", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00445-00107986-00108151": "in the deutsche digital bibliothèque", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00446-00108152-00108475": "german digital library publications", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00447-00108476-00108708": "about urban ii in the opa see of the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00448-00108709-00108904": "regista imperiai", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00449-00108905-00109284": "Gabrielle a.m 2012 December 11th the", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00450-00109285-00109567": "last Carolingian exegete pope urban ii", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00451-00109568-00109738": "the weight of tradition and Christian", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00452-00109739-00110122": "reconquest retrieved November 24th 2017", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00453-00110123-00110494": "from HTTP colon slash slash toy - org", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00454-00110495-00111088": "dot as proxy 1 lib asu.edu / 10/10 17 s", "0ADxmDpLYsc-00455-00111089-00111759": "ooo 9 6 407 1:200 1 904"}}, {"audio_id": "0BdLVq1KLR4", "text": {"0BdLVq1KLR4-00000-00000056-00000478": "[Music]", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00001-00000479-00000698": "so I'd like to welcome to the stage a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00002-00000699-00000869": "bunch of people from polymer engineering", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00003-00000869-00001040": "team to answer all your questions", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00004-00001041-00001232": "so first Justin Finney Ani is an", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00005-00001233-00001792": "engineer on the polymer tools team", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00006-00001793-00002048": "Monika is an engineering you've met many", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00007-00002049-00002218": "times today and yesterday on the polymer", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00008-00002219-00002893": "team Rob Dodson developer advocate", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00009-00002894-00003118": "extraordinaire expert in all things web", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00010-00003119-00003806": "and general internet celebrity Wendy", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00011-00003807-00003953": "kids Berg the product manager on the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00012-00003954-00004127": "polymer team itself who gave the keynote", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00013-00004128-00004777": "yesterday and Steve Orville the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00014-00004778-00004927": "mastermind one of the masterminds behind", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00015-00004928-00005102": "the polymer core library and engineer on", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00016-00005103-00005735": "the polymer core team as well all right", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00017-00005736-00006154": "so we have two microphones UH one", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00018-00006155-00006452": "microphone up here two microphones up", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00019-00006453-00006680": "here so please come up ask your", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00020-00006681-00006859": "questions this is an open space this is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00021-00006861-00007028": "a safe space we love being here with you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00022-00007029-00007151": "there are no such thing as dumb", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00023-00007152-00007370": "questions please come up ask us anything", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00024-00007370-00007606": "you can also tweet at us at the hashtag", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00025-00007608-00007745": "ask polymer and what we're looking", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00026-00007745-00007948": "through those tweets live and so I'll be", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00027-00007950-00008059": "I'll be looking through a machine up", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00028-00008061-00008156": "here to try to get some of those", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00029-00008156-00008357": "questions delivered to our panel as well", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00030-00008358-00008582": "all right great", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00031-00008583-00008846": "so to kick us off I have a question in", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00032-00008847-00009196": "the barrel which is that lots of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00033-00009197-00009380": "exciting stuff coming out yesterday and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00034-00009381-00009605": "today with polymer and NPM and es6", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00035-00009606-00009835": "modules lots of excitement about how to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00036-00009836-00009995": "develop components also a little", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00037-00009996-00010153": "hesitancy for a lot of folks who really", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00038-00010154-00010412": "enjoyed being able to author HTML in", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00039-00010413-00010655": "HTML so is there anything that you're", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00040-00010656-00010778": "thinking about in terms of how we can", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00041-00010779-00010970": "kind of better support that use case", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00042-00010971-00011113": "that has been so special to so many", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00043-00011114-00011360": "polymer developers of authoring HTML in", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00044-00011361-00011876": "HTML please yes I mean I first want to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00045-00011877-00012131": "say that we hear you we spent a lot of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00046-00012132-00012278": "time yesterday today talking to people", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00047-00012279-00012473": "who were you know kind of lamenting the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00048-00012474-00012785": "loss of authoring in HTML and it kind of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00049-00012786-00012886": "makes sense because that's something", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00050-00012887-00013021": "that's been a little bit unique about", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00051-00013022-00013202": "polymer and you people have chosen to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00052-00013203-00013308": "use polymer and that's why", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00053-00013309-00013430": "you're here because you like it a lot", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00054-00013431-00013655": "and sir it's definitely got us thinking", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00055-00013656-00013893": "about ways we can you know help support", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00056-00013894-00014033": "that kind of style and that kind of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00057-00014034-00014291": "workflow even as we move to JavaScript", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00058-00014293-00014555": "modules it's important to note though", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00059-00014556-00014711": "that also our philosophy of using the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00060-00014712-00014886": "platform kind of means that like when", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00061-00014887-00015188": "the platform gives us a tool and in this", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00062-00015190-00015369": "case kind of denies us another than one", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00063-00015369-00015686": "that we were hoping to use the we our", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00064-00015687-00015855": "choices in a sense made for us a little", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00065-00015856-00016071": "bit we have to go to JavaScript modules", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00066-00016072-00016200": "because that's the native loading", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00067-00016201-00016467": "solution on the web but we can look at", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00068-00016468-00016713": "ways to kind of layer the project and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00069-00016714-00017097": "provide ways to you know have some", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00070-00017098-00017381": "tooling or something like that the the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00071-00017382-00017538": "important thing is that polymer 3.0 is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00072-00017539-00017841": "very very early in preview stage and so", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00073-00017842-00018042": "there's a lot of time for feedback and a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00074-00018043-00018236": "lot of time for experimentation with", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00075-00018237-00018536": "solutions to give you the you know the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00076-00018537-00019068": "ability to write HTML and HTML so yeah I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00077-00019069-00019296": "mean the actual string that you write is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00078-00019297-00019530": "the same template in fact you could draw", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00079-00019531-00019830": "a line from every line in a HTML import", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00080-00019831-00020097": "to a line in a JavaScript file and there", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00081-00020098-00020193": "would be a one-to-one correspondence", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00082-00020194-00020424": "between every line in there we're just", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00083-00020425-00020589": "following cember and that's why you have", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00084-00020590-00020943": "to bump the major version yeah so we", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00085-00020944-00021117": "hear you we have some interesting ideas", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00086-00021118-00021396": "on how we can you know serve the best of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00087-00021397-00021864": "both worlds just add quickly that you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00088-00021865-00022239": "know again based on feedback the reality", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00089-00022240-00022500": "is active modules are here today and we", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00090-00022501-00022689": "want to support them you know but", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00091-00022690-00022896": "there's some spec work potentially to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00092-00022897-00023081": "develop an HTML extension to those", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00093-00023082-00023250": "modules and that's something that we'll", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00094-00023251-00023615": "be thinking about and you know valuating", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00095-00023616-00023819": "and seeing kind of you know if our users", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00096-00023820-00024090": "are really clamoring for HTML on our own", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00097-00024091-00024203": "team I will say that there was", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00098-00024204-00024422": "definitely a bit of like difficulty", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00099-00024423-00024662": "ripping that band-aid off but we're also", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00100-00024663-00024774": "excited about some of the new things", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00101-00024775-00025002": "that modules are going to provide I mean", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00102-00025003-00025244": "lit is an excellent interesting", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00103-00025245-00025408": "direction and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00104-00025409-00025742": "you can't do that in HTML so you know", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00105-00025743-00025906": "we're gonna be experimenting and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00106-00025907-00026225": "listening for feedback so a closely", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00107-00026226-00026377": "related question that should hopefully", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00108-00026379-00026533": "be quick if I'm working on a new project", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00109-00026535-00026937": "right now should i target 2.0 or 3.2", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00110-00026938-00027449": "definitely 3.0 is very very early and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00111-00027450-00027767": "the other thing to know is that when we", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00112-00027768-00027952": "published core and all the elements", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00113-00027954-00028120": "those were literally converted", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00114-00028122-00028355": "automatically by a tool minutes before", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00115-00028356-00028562": "we publish them up it was like one", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00116-00028563-00028843": "process so if you're on 2.0 and you keep", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00117-00028844-00029006": "pushing forward and you do that we're", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00118-00029007-00029183": "gonna take you to 3.0 automatically I'm", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00119-00029183-00029285": "sacked you can tell that they were", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00120-00029286-00029485": "published while we were here because we", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00121-00029486-00029768": "got raped limited by github on the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00122-00029769-00030098": "conference IP Wi-Fi so that if anybody", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00123-00030099-00030245": "was trying to use the github API you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00124-00030245-00030458": "couldn't do it cuz Justin did all of it", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00125-00030458-00030617": "no we used to get hub token that wasn't", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00126-00030618-00030849": "us just so many people in the code lab I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00127-00030850-00030993": "[Laughter]", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00128-00030994-00031295": "think you know a little bit of straight", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00129-00031295-00031633": "talk to steal graze term is you know", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00130-00031635-00031837": "we're really aiming as Justin said to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00131-00031838-00032158": "earlier to you know not change the API", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00132-00032159-00032486": "between 2.0 and 3.0 just as little as we", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00133-00032487-00032695": "have to absolutely have to you know and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00134-00032695-00033008": "actually Kevin's app that he built he", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00135-00033009-00033158": "transferred the whole thing using the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00136-00033159-00033335": "you know the tool that Justin's team is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00137-00033336-00033623": "built and you know it had some bugs for", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00138-00033624-00033845": "a while but you know the latest version", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00139-00033846-00034037": "works pretty seamlessly and the kinds of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00140-00034038-00034312": "you know I think Justin sort of obtusely", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00141-00034313-00034460": "mentioned we're changing as little as we", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00142-00034461-00034592": "can arm Evo spread which in G is little", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00143-00034593-00034799": "you can honestly like it let me give you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00144-00034800-00034994": "just one example there's the polymer", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00145-00034995-00035210": "import ETF what did that do it created", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00146-00035211-00035371": "an HTML import well there's no more HTML", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00147-00035372-00035492": "important so you have to do that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00148-00035493-00035723": "differently right this is like about", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00149-00035724-00035896": "what we're gonna change that's the only", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00150-00035897-00036187": "change yeah and if this this brings up a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00151-00036188-00036440": "good point you know if your vending open", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00152-00036441-00036614": "source elements out there we actually", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00153-00036615-00036749": "recommend that when you use the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00154-00036750-00036926": "converter you do not change the API of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00155-00036927-00037165": "your elements at all treat them is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00156-00037166-00037361": "having the same major version even if", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00157-00037362-00037514": "you bump the major version because it's", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00158-00037515-00037708": "now modules because that one that means", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00159-00037709-00037925": "when your users run the converter they", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00160-00037926-00038090": "will automatically be compatible with", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00161-00038091-00038252": "your element so we look at this", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00162-00038253-00038501": "transition is is not really an API", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00163-00038502-00038635": "breaking change", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00164-00038636-00039024": "it's just a repackaging alright let's go", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00165-00039025-00039385": "to a live question I have a question", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00166-00039386-00039564": "regarding to link and improving", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00167-00039565-00039861": "developer experience is there any", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00168-00039862-00040399": "opportunity we were developing and to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00169-00040400-00040761": "have provided hot module replacement", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00170-00040762-00041027": "like you are coding and you'll", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00171-00041028-00041861": "immediately see the changes in browser", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00172-00041862-00042508": "yeah I mean we we don't have any work", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00173-00042509-00042876": "planned on that there are several ideas", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00174-00042877-00043101": "on how you can do that one of the things", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00175-00043102-00043227": "with hot module reloading is you often", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00176-00043228-00043461": "get into a problem where if you're", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00177-00043462-00043692": "replacing some JavaScript it's hard to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00178-00043693-00044070": "huh it's hard to replace the state that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00179-00044071-00044220": "might have gotten in a certain you know", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00180-00044221-00044415": "states for through some path of code", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00181-00044416-00044712": "that you took so I was just talking with", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00182-00044713-00044851": "some people today about ways we could", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00183-00044852-00045177": "make templates auto reload in Kevin's", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00184-00045178-00045460": "been looking at using redux which you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00185-00045461-00045612": "know has some facilities for that kind", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00186-00045613-00045930": "of stuff that can replay your state we", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00187-00045931-00046054": "don't have any immediate plans but it's", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00188-00046055-00046533": "an interesting and open question Kevin", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00189-00046534-00046699": "kind of alluded to in his talk that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00190-00046700-00046920": "we're considering ways you know we're", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00191-00046921-00047170": "not really prepared to say exactly what", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00192-00047171-00047329": "we're ready to build right now but we'd", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00193-00047330-00047511": "like to improve the overall developer", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00194-00047512-00047796": "sort of end-to-end experience and you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00195-00047797-00048021": "know Kevin demonstrated using redux as a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00196-00048022-00048237": "good way to do that and a tool like that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00197-00048238-00048436": "works well with something like hot", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00198-00048437-00048592": "module reloading and you know there's", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00199-00048593-00048699": "something that I think we can explore", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00200-00048700-00048855": "without can really committing to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00201-00048856-00049020": "anything I mean you know frankly I think", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00202-00049021-00049161": "we'd love to be able to build something", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00203-00049162-00049374": "that community can also contribute to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00204-00049375-00049542": "you and and you know it's not some", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00205-00049543-00049952": "useful feature that's great thanks", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00206-00049953-00050196": "alright so we have another question", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00207-00050197-00050476": "about tools which is what are the plans", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00208-00050477-00050640": "for all the various tools that polymer", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00209-00050641-00050839": "tools team builds when it comes to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00210-00050840-00051076": "polymer three so at polymer CLI what's", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00211-00051077-00051207": "gonna happen with polymer bundler will", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00212-00051208-00051477": "it be replaced by web pack plug-in etc", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00213-00051478-00051693": "yes so there's a little bit to be", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00214-00051694-00051939": "figured out there but I'm kind of on the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00215-00051940-00052029": "mind that we have", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00216-00052030-00052288": "different paths to explore here probably", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00217-00052289-00052471": "at the same time one is we have existing", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00218-00052472-00052645": "customers who are using the CLI and are", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00219-00052646-00052873": "successful and happy and we want to keep", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00220-00052874-00053023": "them moving forward into this world", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00221-00053024-00053164": "without them having to ditch our tool", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00222-00053165-00053379": "chain so we have been adding support for", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00223-00053380-00053614": "NPM we don't have an NPM flag on the CLI", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00224-00053615-00053911": "and Polly serve and WCT and we'll", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00225-00053912-00054157": "probably try to add support for modules", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00226-00054158-00054364": "as an incremental choice that you can", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00227-00054365-00054625": "add into your project as you go but we", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00228-00054626-00054913": "also want to enable people to like not", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00229-00054914-00055201": "have to use our tools because we're so", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00230-00055202-00055390": "different from everyone else to be able", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00231-00055391-00055651": "to use roll-up and web pack and all", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00232-00055652-00055782": "these other options that everybody else", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00233-00055783-00055996": "has out there so we're definitely going", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00234-00055997-00056128": "to take care of you and keep our tools", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00235-00056129-00056376": "moving forward it could be where look at", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00236-00056377-00056532": "opportunities to replace some of our", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00237-00056533-00056662": "custom stuff with something that the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00238-00056663-00056826": "community already has so we have to do", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00239-00056827-00057109": "less work but we're also going to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00240-00057110-00057330": "explore the idea of you know if you have", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00241-00057332-00057466": "an existing project and you want a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00242-00057466-00057598": "sprinkle polymer in you can do that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00243-00057599-00057741": "without having to buy into our tool", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00244-00057742-00058554": "chain make Rob happy with polymer 3 and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00245-00058555-00058960": "the transition to NPM what was the kind", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00246-00058961-00059157": "of reasoning for choosing to go with", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00247-00059158-00059367": "yarn and a flat dependency tree as", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00248-00059369-00059592": "opposed to using NPM and pure", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00249-00059594-00060235": "dependencies getting all the questions", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00250-00060236-00060523": "here happy to do it though it's really", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00251-00060524-00061036": "the platform again a lot of people kind", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00252-00061037-00061240": "of think they've been using javascript", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00253-00061241-00061491": "modules because there's been support and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00254-00061492-00061830": "all the compilers that will turn es6", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00255-00061832-00062071": "syntax into a common j/s or something", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00256-00062072-00062425": "but it turns out that the web compatible", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00257-00062426-00062541": "modules are a little more restrictive", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00258-00062542-00062716": "than what people have been using say in", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00259-00062716-00062904": "the node or like web pack ecosystems and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00260-00062905-00063103": "they require that you import by path", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00261-00063104-00063421": "just like HTML imports and so HTML", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00262-00063422-00063535": "imports and Bower worked well together", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00263-00063536-00063751": "because Bower installed flat and then", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00264-00063752-00064015": "you can import polymer by importing dot", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00265-00064016-00064237": "dot slash polymer right so we have that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00266-00064238-00064557": "same situation on NPM JavaScript modules", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00267-00064558-00064753": "require importing by paths if you want", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00268-00064754-00064954": "to import from another package you do", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00269-00064954-00065197": "import dot dot slash and that package", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00270-00065198-00065386": "name and that kind of forces", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00271-00065387-00065592": "us to have packages in the flat layout", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00272-00065593-00065935": "and yarn does that NPM currently doesn't", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00273-00065936-00066097": "I hope they consider adding that feature", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00274-00066098-00066271": "and then will be able to use the NPM", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00275-00066272-00066975": "client as well you know custom elements", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00276-00066976-00067234": "have a you know when you define a custom", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00277-00067235-00067480": "element nope that's used you can't use", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00278-00067481-00067632": "it again so that doesn't really work", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00279-00067633-00067801": "well if you'd be careful about that so", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00280-00067802-00067978": "loading a dependency twice is bad for", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00281-00067979-00068221": "that the other reason is loading", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00282-00068222-00068464": "dependency twice is horrible for perform", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00283-00068465-00068764": "for performance so you know relying on a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00284-00068765-00068992": "tool to make your page completely not", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00285-00068993-00069232": "suck and load the same code over and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00286-00069233-00069528": "over and over again is not ideal I think", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00287-00069529-00069775": "when we install flat we ensure we don't", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00288-00069776-00070237": "do that actually it is worth pointing", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00289-00070238-00070600": "this out a little bit so it's also", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00290-00070601-00070843": "important to understand that your client", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00291-00070844-00071104": "side dependencies you definitely want", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00292-00071105-00071266": "those to be flattened as Steve was", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00293-00071267-00071401": "saying you don't want to ship ten", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00294-00071402-00071575": "versions of the same thing to the client", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00295-00071576-00071886": "that sucks right your dev dependencies", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00296-00071887-00072109": "all your build tools and things like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00297-00072110-00072357": "that those can actually still have like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00298-00072358-00072604": "the nested node install and so there may", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00299-00072605-00072772": "be a little like fine-tuning that we", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00300-00072773-00072946": "need to do here to make sure that like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00301-00072947-00073119": "it's very easy and ergonomic for", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00302-00073120-00073264": "developers to sort of like be like okay", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00303-00073265-00073432": "cool I I flatten my client side stuff", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00304-00073433-00073612": "and I one of the things you tried out", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00305-00073613-00073813": "was different", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00306-00073814-00074071": "yeah they're so different yeah so like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00307-00074072-00074226": "these are my client side dependencies", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00308-00074227-00074469": "are my like normal nodes or build or", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00309-00074470-00074674": "whatever dependencies flood and one", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00310-00074675-00074842": "don't flood on the other and we still", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00311-00074843-00074994": "have a lot of work to give everyone", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00312-00074995-00075148": "templates that they can start from", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00313-00075149-00075418": "they're set up to serve and illed in the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00314-00075419-00075657": "proper way so well will be coming out", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00315-00075658-00075892": "with that in the coming weeks yeah but", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00316-00075893-00076093": "like just personally like I even though", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00317-00076094-00076201": "there is a little bit of work and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00318-00076202-00076399": "overhead involved sometimes in", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00319-00076400-00076581": "flattening your client-side dependencies", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00320-00076582-00076894": "the flip side of that is you know I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00321-00076895-00077167": "think with web pack you have what is it", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00322-00077168-00077394": "like common chunks plugin or something", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00323-00077395-00077635": "like that so it's like I mean you're you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00324-00077636-00077794": "can either D dupe this at install time", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00325-00077795-00077980": "and handle it yourself that way and at", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00326-00077981-00078115": "least then you've got like a GUI kind of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00327-00078116-00078262": "walking you through it or you've got to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00328-00078263-00078451": "like click this whole thing into your", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00329-00078452-00078691": "build process to do dupe your packages", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00330-00078692-00078742": "so", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00331-00078743-00078888": "doing it one way or the other usually", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00332-00078889-00079117": "and personally it seems like doing it as", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00333-00079118-00079263": "early as possible in the install process", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00334-00079264-00079765": "is a good thing let's jump to a question", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00335-00079766-00079984": "from Twitter which is what about", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00336-00079985-00080176": "accessibility so how does polymer work", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00337-00080177-00080350": "with voiceover and screen readers in", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00338-00080351-00080575": "general yeah okay", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00339-00080576-00080938": "hi so how does polymer work with", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00340-00080939-00081157": "accessibility I mean generally like fine", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00341-00081158-00081331": "I can't think of anything that is like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00342-00081332-00081544": "you know painfully broken the biggest", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00343-00081545-00081742": "issue is going to be around shadow Dom", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00344-00081743-00082204": "so most of the stuff that we do in", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00345-00082205-00082438": "accessibility to build relationships so", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00346-00082439-00082732": "you say for instance you have attributes", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00347-00082733-00082957": "like Aria labeled by things like that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00348-00082958-00083163": "where you you actually say this element", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00349-00083164-00083485": "is labeled by that other element and you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00350-00083486-00083716": "use an ID reference to that other", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00351-00083717-00083923": "element so literally like CSS ID", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00352-00083924-00084250": "reference right the challenge there is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00353-00084251-00084438": "with shadow Dom right you're creating", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00354-00084439-00084657": "this little scoping bubble your IDs are", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00355-00084658-00084844": "scoped to that bubble and so you can", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00356-00084845-00084988": "easily end up in situations where I've", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00357-00084989-00085126": "got something in the shadow Dom that you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00358-00085127-00085257": "would really like to label or you'd", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00359-00085258-00085432": "really like to refer to with like Aria", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00360-00085433-00085603": "controls or something like that and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00361-00085604-00085792": "you're unable to do it you just like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00362-00085793-00085969": "can't get down there", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00363-00085970-00086151": "so there are a few things that we're", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00364-00086152-00086299": "working on to fix this that aren't", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00365-00086300-00086544": "actually like polymer specific but are", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00366-00086545-00086761": "just like web platform stuff so probably", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00367-00086762-00086926": "the most important is the new", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00368-00086927-00087214": "accessibility object model which you can", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00369-00087215-00087424": "find that on github.com", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00370-00087425-00088009": "/ WIC G / AO M a.m. and this is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00371-00088010-00088267": "basically like adding a programmatic API", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00372-00088268-00088528": "to accessibility and making it a lot", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00373-00088529-00088759": "easier for you to imperative Lee likes", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00374-00088760-00088981": "it you know like set up relationships in", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00375-00088982-00089191": "JavaScript between elements and say like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00376-00089192-00089380": "hey I've got this element here and I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00377-00089381-00089518": "have access to its accessible node", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00378-00089519-00089734": "property and I can actually then give it", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00379-00089735-00089959": "a actually node reference in JavaScript", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00380-00089960-00090115": "then I could you know talk through", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00381-00090116-00090251": "shadow bound trees and things like that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00382-00090252-00090442": "that's really the most important thing", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00383-00090443-00090606": "that I think we're doing to fix this and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00384-00090607-00090793": "that that'll that'll help web components", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00385-00090794-00090931": "obviously but it also just make", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00386-00090932-00091078": "accessibility more broadly across the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00387-00091079-00091309": "platform easier for for developers I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00388-00091310-00091507": "think", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00389-00091508-00091927": "let's go to a live question since when I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00390-00091928-00092233": "started using polymer was because I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00391-00092234-00092638": "could just serve up date on a flat with", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00392-00092639-00092929": "just engine X or a static server but", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00393-00092930-00093118": "most of the examples I've seen now or", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00394-00093119-00093361": "over the past year have always been", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00395-00093362-00093568": "through a dynamic note server or", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00396-00093569-00093751": "something like that so I just want to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00397-00093752-00094093": "make sure that you know one of the that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00398-00094094-00094360": "that's gonna stay and follow my that you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00399-00094361-00094548": "took ingest serve from my static server", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00400-00094549-00094768": "all of the things that I build are", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00401-00094769-00094927": "always from a static server that's like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00402-00094928-00095344": "a Monica role so they always work the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00403-00095345-00095718": "only time I do extra things is to bundle", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00404-00095719-00095970": "but there's no requirement is just", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00405-00095971-00096265": "imports and that's one of the reasons", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00406-00096266-00096502": "why modules require paths is because the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00407-00096503-00096736": "browser needs to figure out the exact", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00408-00096737-00096994": "URL to load and then with yarn flat", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00409-00096995-00097194": "it'll be able to find it and load it", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00410-00097195-00097560": "yeah I mean the one thing I would add is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00411-00097561-00097792": "because of the way that custom elements", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00412-00097793-00097993": "version 1 is defined because of the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00413-00097994-00098176": "current existing browser support and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00414-00098177-00098353": "because of our desire always to ship", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00415-00098354-00098563": "really optimized sets of code to the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00416-00098564-00098755": "browser we do sometimes what's called", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00417-00098756-00098908": "differential serving to serve just the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00418-00098909-00099097": "right bundle you know like for I 11 we", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00419-00099098-00099354": "can't serve es6 this is why we will", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00420-00099355-00099583": "provide tools to let you serve the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00421-00099584-00099967": "optimized thing hopefully that's gonna", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00422-00099968-00100587": "go away soon in the next year or two", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00423-00100588-00100951": "question yeah I'm really happy with all", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00424-00100952-00101146": "the tooling and documentation you guys", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00425-00101147-00101467": "have provided to help remove users from", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00426-00101468-00101734": "polymer 1 been to polymer 2 and now -", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00427-00101735-00101992": "polymer 3 it's like you know really made", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00428-00101993-00102220": "it as turnkey as possible for folks like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00429-00102221-00102481": "myself but my question is you know", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00430-00102482-00102655": "there's still obviously a lot of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00431-00102656-00102819": "projects in code out there with polymer", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00432-00102820-00103246": "1 still and using the 0x web components", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00433-00103247-00103458": "polyfills what do you guys have in terms", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00434-00103459-00103654": "of a long-term support strategy or", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00435-00103655-00103951": "end-of-life plan for polymer 1 and you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00436-00103952-00104157": "know obviously eventually polymer 2 and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00437-00104158-00104567": "those 0x polyfills as well", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00438-00104568-00104710": "can you repeat the question for anyone", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00439-00104711-00104852": "watching on like a video or livestream", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00440-00104853-00104918": "sorry", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00441-00104919-00105215": "sure I mean Taylor yes so a question was", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00442-00105216-00105422": "around end of life support and just", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00443-00105423-00105578": "general kind of long-term support for", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00444-00105579-00106126": "polymer one and polyphenols yeah I mean", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00445-00106127-00106703": "so basically there's the native features", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00446-00106704-00106889": "that we rely on is one part of the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00447-00106890-00107066": "question and you know this is sort of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00448-00107067-00107333": "web standard practice right those will", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00449-00107333-00107603": "not be removed for centuries probably", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00450-00107604-00107867": "until like that we actually do crazy", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00451-00107868-00108080": "stuff like you know how many people use", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00452-00108081-00108353": "these things but so those won't go away", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00453-00108354-00108695": "really and you know polymer we are", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00454-00108696-00108994": "supporting hybrid mode so I think I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00455-00108995-00109238": "can't say exactly but we intend", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00456-00109239-00109478": "essentially to kind of adopt a similar", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00457-00109479-00109607": "policy where as long as there's need", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00458-00109608-00109877": "we'll continue to support it and unless", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00459-00109878-00110192": "Taylor tells me differently does that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00460-00110193-00110420": "also include the v-0 shadow dom the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00461-00110421-00110702": "implementation in chrome that's a good", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00462-00110703-00110921": "question yeah yeah I mean this is really", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00463-00110922-00111071": "what I'm speaking to I mean the policy", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00464-00111072-00111224": "but basically one of the reasons the web", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00465-00111225-00111344": "is great is because it really doesn't", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00466-00111345-00111653": "break and you know chrome kind of left", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00467-00111654-00111835": "ahead of everybody with v-0 shadow root", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00468-00111836-00112103": "and you know this is gonna be available", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00469-00112104-00112517": "as long as people are using it thank you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00470-00112518-00112727": "features are removed from Chrome is that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00471-00112728-00112841": "we keep tracking them we have a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00472-00112842-00113054": "percentage of pages that are using it", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00473-00113055-00113270": "you can see that as well yeah public", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00474-00113271-00113618": "information is calm yeah and they have", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00475-00113619-00113843": "to drop below like a very small", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00476-00113844-00114083": "threshold Eero point zero three Perseus", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00477-00114083-00114401": "you know 3% oh yeah all pages are using", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00478-00114402-00114539": "this feature and if it drops below that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00479-00114540-00114818": "then you're confident enough that it's", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00480-00114819-00115016": "basically just like old pages or unused", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00481-00115017-00115205": "pages or just we're sorry we're gonna", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00482-00115206-00115475": "break you so I don't think we're nearly", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00483-00115476-00115646": "close enough and we're not there's no", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00484-00115647-00115840": "chance we're gonna go there in the next", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00485-00115841-00116099": "years one thing that is happening soon", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00486-00116100-00116519": "that's gonna make Monica excited but if", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00487-00116520-00116785": "anybody was here still on like 0.5 or", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00488-00116786-00116927": "anything and you're using the deep", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00489-00116928-00117160": "selector and CSS or the shadow selector", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00490-00117161-00117479": "yeah for that - those are going away", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00491-00117480-00117644": "very soon in Chrome and that will change", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00492-00117645-00117737": "the styling of your", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00493-00117738-00118007": "so we've been trying to urge people to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00494-00118008-00118172": "get up to polymer 1.0 and stop using", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00495-00118173-00118349": "that for the last couple of years", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00496-00118350-00118547": "hopefully you have they're basically", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00497-00118548-00118719": "getting replaced by the descendant", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00498-00118720-00118895": "selector so like it's not gonna make", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00499-00118896-00119039": "your style not get applied but deep is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00500-00119040-00119162": "just like it becomes a descendant", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00501-00119163-00119297": "selector so it's not gonna go into", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00502-00119298-00119476": "shadow roots or anything like that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00503-00119477-00119747": "little warning in the console for quite", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00504-00119748-00119994": "a while but it's very it's weird I had", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00505-00119995-00120209": "this like innate reaction now I see the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00506-00120210-00121289": "warnings I'm just like clear if you're", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00507-00121290-00121682": "like me like definitely going to break", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00508-00121683-00121922": "it's definitely getting removed yeah", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00509-00121923-00122084": "luckily I've seen some sites that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00510-00122085-00122309": "hopefully they've moved it doesn't break", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00511-00122310-00122606": "them that bad in all tweaks", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00512-00122607-00122786": "alright let's turn to another Twitter", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00513-00122787-00123029": "one how optimistic are you and what are", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00514-00123030-00123203": "your feelings about other browsers", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00515-00123204-00123461": "agreeing to native element extension and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00516-00123462-00123743": "what can we as the developer community", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00517-00123744-00124739": "help my cross to bear", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00518-00124740-00124931": "[Music]", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00519-00124932-00125537": "is equals is a great idea where the the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00520-00125538-00125789": "idea of extending a custom element or", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00521-00125790-00126128": "the idea of adding your own set of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00522-00126129-00126410": "functions and behaviors and prototypes", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00523-00126411-00126665": "to a native element this idea I'm very", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00524-00126666-00127148": "clear here is agreed on by all browsers", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00525-00127149-00127406": "the implementation of this idea is not", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00526-00127407-00127601": "agreed on by all browsers so the current", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00527-00127602-00127787": "is equals implementation in particular", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00528-00127788-00128021": "is not is very content like consensus", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00529-00128022-00128339": "and is not agreed on by all browsers and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00530-00128340-00128663": "this means that we would like to we will", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00531-00128664-00128825": "continue fighting for something like is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00532-00128826-00128969": "equals it will probably not be his", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00533-00128970-00129088": "equals in the state that it is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00534-00129089-00129452": "hilariously enough as equals is a likely", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00535-00129453-00129815": "contender one letter off but basically", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00536-00129816-00130034": "there is a need for extending custom", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00537-00130035-00130124": "elements there are things that you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00538-00130125-00130369": "cannot do unless you are any development", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00539-00130370-00130649": "for example submit forms so in parallel", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00540-00130650-00130869": "for with us fighting for this API to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00541-00130870-00130951": "actually", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00542-00130952-00131140": "we're also fighting for browsers to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00543-00131141-00131368": "actually no just fix the form element", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00544-00131369-00131533": "forum elements should look at custom", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00545-00131534-00131731": "elements there is no reason why the form", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00546-00131732-00131938": "developed 20 years ago should not look", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00547-00131939-00132223": "at something developed now so it's a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00548-00132224-00132445": "hard question we're working on it we're", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00549-00132446-00132781": "trying very hard to write specs wit so", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00550-00132782-00133276": "it's an ongoing battle I'm not I don't", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00551-00133277-00133474": "know if this is entirely accurate but", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00552-00133475-00133741": "I'm gonna say it on stage as if it is if", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00553-00133742-00133981": "you add a shadow root to an element that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00554-00133982-00134263": "you've type extended like so let's one", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00555-00134264-00134371": "of the one of the things is like Oh", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00556-00134372-00134584": "select right select is amazing and it", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00557-00134585-00134757": "has all this built-in accessibility and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00558-00134758-00134962": "presentation to it and my understanding", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00559-00134963-00135214": "is if I extend that and then add my own", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00560-00135215-00135391": "shadow root like all of that goes away", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00561-00135392-00135919": "and so yeah okay so like yeah so there's", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00562-00135920-00136129": "like a lot of things that you might like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00563-00136130-00136354": "think that you want to do with is equals", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00564-00136355-00136504": "actually just aren't going to quite work", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00565-00136505-00136738": "and so then it does become a bit of like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00566-00136739-00137227": "a weird API and the browser is not", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00567-00137228-00137362": "really good at like pinkies Ryan like a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00568-00137363-00137500": "pinky swear I'm not gonna do bad things", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00569-00137501-00137761": "cuz I've read those like these 20 things", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00570-00137762-00137908": "that I can't add a shadow root to but", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00571-00137909-00138091": "not these other four or something yeah", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00572-00138092-00138304": "so I definitely think personally yeah I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00573-00138305-00138499": "want just them to sort of like expose", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00574-00138500-00138666": "the primitives or fix the elements I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00575-00138667-00138832": "want like the label element in the form", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00576-00138833-00138991": "element and all these things just either", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00577-00138992-00139150": "just work with custom elements or let me", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00578-00139151-00139324": "sort of imbue my custom element with", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00579-00139325-00139573": "form Ness and label Ness and label", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00580-00139574-00139729": "ability and things like that and one day", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00581-00139730-00140014": "one day this will happen promise I just", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00582-00140015-00140229": "had personally I'm not personally I'm", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00583-00140230-00140413": "not very optimistic just speaking for", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00584-00140414-00140677": "myself only again because I think this", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00585-00140678-00140841": "concern for example that Rob brought up", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00586-00140842-00141052": "around shadow roots is a really good", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00587-00141053-00141358": "idea of the larger problem you know in", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00588-00141359-00141565": "v-0 custom elements you could extend", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00589-00141566-00141802": "input but you couldn't add a shadow root", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00590-00141803-00141954": "to it so what you could actually do it", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00591-00141955-00142165": "it was kind of limited why because it", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00592-00142166-00142423": "had this native legacy implementation", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00593-00142424-00142645": "and this is really the larger concern is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00594-00142646-00142825": "that these native elements have this", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00595-00142826-00143146": "long history of you know super plus plus", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00596-00143147-00143341": "plus implementation and crazy specs", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00597-00143342-00143488": "before custom elements was even a thing", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00598-00143489-00143779": "so the long-term fix is to expose those", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00599-00143780-00143877": "api's and make", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00600-00143878-00144042": "available to any custom element has", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00601-00144043-00144225": "wants them and maybe there's a shorter", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00602-00144226-00144378": "term fix it probably isn't gonna be is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00603-00144379-00144681": "it maybe some crazy thing and you know", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00604-00144682-00144861": "we know that people really want this and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00605-00144862-00145149": "so we're definitely kind of got our", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00606-00145150-00145344": "fingers on the pulse of that and and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00607-00145345-00145548": "we'll be pushing for something because I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00608-00145549-00145806": "think you know the exposing and the guts", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00609-00145807-00145968": "of input so that you could do it all", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00610-00145969-00146309": "yourself is probably a 25 year project", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00611-00146310-00146571": "yes so you know we probably need", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00612-00146572-00146649": "something in the meantime", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00613-00146650-00146949": "and if is is objectionable you know", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00614-00146950-00147144": "we'll be pushing and sort of pushing", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00615-00147145-00147408": "people for some better solution and I'll", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00616-00147409-00147537": "give a little shout out to Marika stock", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00617-00147538-00147696": "alert earlier today all of these", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00618-00147697-00147897": "discussions are not in some secret", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00619-00147898-00148047": "backroom these are all happening out in", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00620-00148048-00148263": "the open on public mailing lists so you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00621-00148264-00148389": "have good use cases and I get hope", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00622-00148390-00148710": "bianna github please go and like tell", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00623-00148711-00148872": "everybody you're very upset that is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00624-00148873-00149385": "equals is not a thing github comm w3c", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00625-00149386-00149774": "slash web components yes there you go", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00626-00149775-00150018": "it's the only way we get things done by", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00627-00150019-00150204": "proving that you actually want something", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00628-00150205-00150525": "like musicals they don't believe me all", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00629-00150526-00150543": "right", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00630-00150544-00150735": "let's go to a live question yeah thanks", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00631-00150736-00151005": "so my question was in fact related to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00632-00151006-00151158": "the previous one but first I'd like to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00633-00151159-00151353": "thank you for letting us use the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00634-00151354-00151596": "bleeding edge of this bag right now", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00635-00151597-00151923": "before it was you know recommended and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00636-00151924-00152133": "given the the is attribute is gone", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00637-00152134-00152391": "what's the the migration path that you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00638-00152392-00152678": "proposed to the currently implemented", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00639-00152679-00152871": "elements that are using s attribute", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00640-00152872-00153135": "especially those that are using specific", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00641-00153136-00153435": "parsing context like templates script", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00642-00153436-00153960": "table TR and so way that we I think", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00643-00153961-00154494": "we're getting it from the Big O so think", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00644-00154495-00154695": "that I did with form for examples of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00645-00154696-00154836": "wiring for him was an extension of form", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00646-00154837-00155234": "you convert into a wrapper and then you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00647-00155235-00155508": "put content in it so basically all of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00648-00155509-00155826": "the extra is equals things that you were", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00649-00155827-00156021": "doing you put it on a wrapper element", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00650-00156022-00156393": "but that for TR is kind of yeah tables", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00651-00156394-00156552": "are tricky tables are tricky but", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00652-00156553-00156780": "remember that you can style yeah you can", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00653-00156781-00156963": "style things as tables with CSS so you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00654-00156964-00157012": "could move", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00655-00157013-00157291": "but you got style think like a template", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00656-00157292-00157434": "that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00657-00157435-00157921": "template type yeah so yeah I mean what", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00658-00157922-00158116": "what Palmer did I mean yeah it's not", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00659-00158117-00158392": "super pretty we're not gonna lie but", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00660-00158393-00158539": "this sort of decoration pattern is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00661-00158540-00158677": "essentially this is what polymer did", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00662-00158678-00158908": "with like we used to in polymer 1.0 we", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00663-00158909-00159160": "had template is down repeat we first", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00664-00159161-00159379": "sort of compatibility we did some magic", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00665-00159380-00159610": "where we sort of made that work in", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00666-00159611-00159832": "polymer templates in 2.0 but the way", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00667-00159833-00159958": "that we actually make that work is we", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00668-00159959-00160195": "have a Dom - repeat element it expects a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00669-00160196-00160339": "template inside of it and it works that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00670-00160340-00160504": "way this is a general pattern that's", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00671-00160505-00160648": "gonna basically work again it's not", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00672-00160649-00160827": "super pretty but it's what you can do", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00673-00160828-00161188": "great thanks", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00674-00161189-00161428": "and thank you for this disent it was", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00675-00161429-00161656": "great yeah actually you need to bring", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00676-00161657-00162247": "them back on the polymer project website", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00677-00162248-00162451": "the student mention about an upgrade", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00678-00162452-00162885": "tooth 2 to 0 from 1x any update on this", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00679-00162886-00163165": "on the upgrade tool yeah there's a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00680-00163166-00163459": "mention about who's from when 0 to 2 yes", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00681-00163460-00163684": "so you know last year we said we're", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00682-00163685-00163837": "gonna make this upgrade tool and then", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00683-00163838-00164065": "this is kind of my bad a little bit and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00684-00164066-00164200": "it seemed like most of the feedback was", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00685-00164201-00164392": "like oh it's really easy to upgrade and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00686-00164393-00164632": "the things that were tricky to upgrade", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00687-00164633-00164797": "we're actually going to be impossible", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00688-00164798-00164983": "for a tool to automate things like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00689-00164984-00165265": "converting a Content tag to a slot tag", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00690-00165266-00165388": "where the content had actually had a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00691-00165389-00165565": "selector there's no way we can just", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00692-00165566-00165790": "automatically determine what the slot", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00693-00165791-00166026": "name should be everywhere and apply it", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00694-00166027-00166342": "so it seemed kind of to us for a while", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00695-00166343-00166552": "that everybody that we were hearing from", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00696-00166553-00166732": "was kind of satisfied with how easy it", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00697-00166733-00166894": "was to upgrade and then it seemed like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00698-00166895-00167038": "more recently we heard an uptick in", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00699-00167039-00167218": "number of people who were asking about", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00700-00167219-00167554": "about the tool and wanted it so also", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00701-00167555-00167686": "recently we started converting all the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00702-00167687-00167977": "internal elements inside Google from", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00703-00167978-00168184": "wanted to and at Peter and engineer on", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00704-00168185-00168364": "the tools team has been working on the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00705-00168365-00168676": "tool quite recently it's not very clean", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00706-00168677-00168835": "code we've just been like hacking at it", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00707-00168836-00169009": "to do whatever upgrade we could and so", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00708-00169010-00169228": "we're planning on releasing the version", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00709-00169229-00169402": "that we have for internal external", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00710-00169403-00169600": "pretty soon okay then do you have a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00711-00169601-00169921": "citizen to lint old element to find you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00712-00169922-00170155": "know quickly what has to be changed to 0", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00713-00170156-00170320": "right rather you know going to be cherry", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00714-00170321-00170374": "mountain", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00715-00170375-00170545": "you know searching for specific things", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00716-00170546-00170686": "but you know something Tulane so it's", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00717-00170687-00171118": "highlighted a way to highlight a new", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00718-00171119-00171288": "code you know what should be changed", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00719-00171289-00171631": "like yeah we can certainly if there's", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00720-00171632-00171886": "cases where we we can't determine what", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00721-00171887-00172108": "it should be we can output a message", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00722-00172109-00172228": "that says you know this needs to be", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00723-00172229-00172708": "updated by you okay all right we're", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00724-00172709-00172819": "running a long time let's do one more", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00725-00172820-00173440": "live question hello my question is do we", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00726-00173441-00173707": "have any tutorials or videos for the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00727-00173708-00173908": "making something like neon animations", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00728-00173909-00174103": "because we really load in the now the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00729-00174104-00174280": "Uni and actually animations in the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00730-00174281-00174745": "polymer one new animations in its future", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00731-00174746-00174844": "right", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00732-00174845-00175138": "so is it is is it fit is we have a blog", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00733-00175139-00175351": "post that Elliot wrote you probably saw", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00734-00175352-00175540": "him on stage before on the polymer", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00735-00175541-00175744": "summit site that kind of explains what", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00736-00175745-00175960": "happened to neon and animations and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00737-00175961-00176182": "what's going to happen to neon animation", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00738-00176183-00176689": "yeah so my question is like is there any", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00739-00176690-00177052": "some new videos or children's like neon", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00740-00177053-00177241": "missions because in the version 2 it is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00741-00177242-00177550": "duplicated right would there be", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00742-00177551-00177822": "replacements for neon animation yeah I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00743-00177823-00178054": "don't think so the problem with neon", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00744-00178055-00178186": "animation is that it's fundamentally a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00745-00178187-00178420": "flawed concept that we thought was going", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00746-00178421-00178549": "to work and doesn't like it doesn't", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00747-00178550-00178882": "actually add anything in the current", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00748-00178883-00179038": "state that it is amazing to the web", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00749-00179039-00179440": "animations polyfill a API and we had a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00750-00179441-00179614": "team the team that actually works on the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00751-00179615-00179929": "web animations API look at making a new", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00752-00179930-00180103": "and better neon animation and what it", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00753-00180104-00180298": "ended up being was the web animations", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00754-00180299-00180568": "API so it turns out just like a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00755-00180569-00180781": "declarative wrapper would be amazing but", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00756-00180782-00181120": "it just doesn't really work well and if", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00757-00181121-00181285": "you want to me it's just a jar of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00758-00181286-00181357": "spiders", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00759-00181358-00181603": "yeah I'll also plug baldra in another", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00760-00181604-00181765": "engineer on the team made a codelab", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00761-00181766-00181987": "performant expand collapse animations", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00762-00181988-00182251": "and just by going through that you can", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00763-00182252-00182473": "see you know something pretty typical", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00764-00182474-00182653": "that anybody would want to build and how", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00765-00182654-00182833": "he does it and then you can learn", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00766-00182834-00182992": "yourself and maybe apply that to some", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00767-00182993-00183256": "other projects thank you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00768-00183257-00183593": "alright let's close out with a question", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00769-00183594-00183944": "that I love which is what would each of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00770-00183945-00184265": "you see as your number one request or a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00771-00184266-00184475": "hole current hole in the web platform a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00772-00184476-00184706": "feature or some change that you would", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00773-00184707-00184895": "like to see made to the web platform to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00774-00184896-00185489": "make it better there's two I'll go on", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00775-00185490-00185600": "and hope somebody else does the other", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00776-00185601-00185828": "one I think right now for web components", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00777-00185829-00186014": "we're looking pretty good with native", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00778-00186015-00186143": "implementations at least in Chrome and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00779-00186144-00186425": "Safari the one piece that seems to be", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00780-00186426-00186616": "left to make everything much better is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00781-00186617-00186893": "the theming support in CSS for shadow", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00782-00186894-00187208": "Dom so that's the part and theme CSS", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00783-00187209-00187502": "spec it just got promoted to working", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00784-00187503-00187802": "draft or editors right let's take the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00785-00187803-00188234": "other one out no it's okay so yeah that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00786-00188235-00188366": "will just help that would just help", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00787-00188367-00188566": "everybody theme across their shadow", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00788-00188567-00189314": "roots that was mine we're better or for", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00789-00189315-00189515": "worse for some reason I care about", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00790-00189516-00189739": "inputs and forms despite never actually", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00791-00189740-00189953": "using a form on anything that I've ever", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00792-00189954-00190247": "manned so what I would like to see in", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00793-00190248-00190583": "the web platform is input being less", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00794-00190584-00190775": "opinionated and forms being less", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00795-00190776-00190904": "opinionative elements being less", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00796-00190905-00191216": "opinionated about their tag names so for", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00797-00191217-00191438": "I'm caring about more than just input", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00798-00191439-00191672": "and you know input type equals color", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00799-00191673-00191879": "actually working on all of the browser's", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00800-00191880-00192398": "cuz it's not yes yeah Foreman input I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00801-00192399-00192614": "would like for man input to succeed at", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00802-00192615-00192995": "their job yeah so mine it's kind of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00803-00192996-00193154": "related to that like there's a lot of", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00804-00193155-00193289": "things that native elements can do", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00805-00193290-00193447": "there's like a lot of built-in magic", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00806-00193448-00193706": "I've been working on accessibility a lot", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00807-00193707-00193954": "the how-to components that we all worked", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00808-00193955-00194366": "on accessibility was like the primary", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00809-00194367-00194582": "driver behind that work we were like how", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00810-00194583-00194849": "do we build tabs and trees as custom", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00811-00194850-00195016": "elements and make sure they are like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00812-00195017-00195368": "really like robust and accessible right", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00813-00195369-00195539": "fully keyboard accessible doing all the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00814-00195540-00195686": "right things with Aria everything we can", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00815-00195687-00195938": "possibly try and then there's still", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00816-00195939-00196049": "places where we come up short because", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00817-00196050-00196208": "there's some stuff that we just can't do", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00818-00196209-00196469": "in the browser today the label element", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00819-00196470-00196508": "the things", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00820-00196509-00196685": "like that click on a label and it", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00821-00196686-00196820": "focuses your control", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00822-00196821-00197038": "that's a cool magical behavior that like", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00823-00197039-00197279": "just there's no easy way to get that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00824-00197280-00197390": "you're gonna have to make your own", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00825-00197391-00197579": "custom element label now and then you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00826-00197580-00197801": "end up just reinventing like all of HTML", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00827-00197802-00198011": "to get all these little features so I'm", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00828-00198012-00198230": "really excited about am and other you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00829-00198231-00198506": "know other stuff like being able to hook", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00830-00198507-00198650": "into forms I think these are probably", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00831-00198651-00198797": "some of those common things folks have", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00832-00198798-00198920": "brought up and we've kind of been", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00833-00198921-00199115": "pushing it for them for years", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00834-00199116-00199286": "I actually think people are listening a", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00835-00199287-00199433": "little bit more right there's only about", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00836-00199434-00199604": "forms I think forms are actually a good", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00837-00199605-00199868": "yeah I could hope you're like finally", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00838-00199869-00200174": "getting through to some folks there so", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00839-00200175-00200318": "yeah that's really what I want I want I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00840-00200319-00200480": "want to make sure the future of HTML is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00841-00200481-00200675": "accessible and that's easy for", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00842-00200676-00200915": "developers to do that to do the right", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00843-00200916-00201158": "things and it's not like this arcane art", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00844-00201159-00201575": "to make something accessible I think", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00845-00201576-00201827": "that the biggest frustration I have is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00846-00201828-00202019": "when there's like a really cool feature", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00847-00202020-00202244": "and not every browser has it of course", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00848-00202245-00202421": "you know trying to bring down polyfills", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00849-00202422-00202571": "and I think a way that that could happen", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00850-00202572-00202865": "is oddly enough through payments and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00851-00202866-00203063": "commerce on the web because the more we", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00852-00203064-00203267": "allow users to buy things and spend", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00853-00203268-00203441": "money there the more companies pay", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00854-00203442-00203633": "attention large companies that have tons", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00855-00203634-00203762": "and tons of sites and have tons and tons", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00856-00203763-00203999": "of tons of developers and so we can", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00857-00204000-00204218": "start doing more stuff with payments I", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00858-00204219-00204395": "know that chrome payments just came to", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00859-00204396-00204551": "desktop will start attracting a lot more", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00860-00204552-00204740": "attention and then hopefully companies", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00861-00204741-00204863": "will start putting a lot more attention", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00862-00204864-00205103": "into their browsers or paying attention", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00863-00205104-00205442": "in standards meetings and stuff", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00864-00205442-00205667": "yeah people on the team know that the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00865-00205667-00205844": "thing I care about sort of the most is", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00866-00205844-00206078": "performance and I think I've said this", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00867-00206079-00206255": "before but you know I think with custom", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00868-00206256-00206396": "Ellen's we have an opportunity to add", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00869-00206396-00206558": "things to the browser that makes it", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00870-00206559-00206861": "faster makes us able to do things custom", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00871-00206862-00207203": "in custom ways faster I care about this", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00872-00207204-00207410": "for a couple reasons obviously I want", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00873-00207411-00207551": "things me faster so that we can all make", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00874-00207552-00207721": "stuff that's awesome and better for", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00875-00207723-00208106": "users but there's another reason and you", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00876-00208107-00208283": "heard yesterday and Alex Russell's talk", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00877-00208284-00208703": "he talked a lot about mobile CPUs now he", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00878-00208704-00208856": "only talked about that for like five", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00879-00208857-00209114": "minutes but he works in the same offices", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00880-00209115-00209336": "us and we have to hear him talk about", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00881-00209337-00209561": "that for like hours and hours and hours", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00882-00209562-00209630": "and", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00883-00209631-00209864": "hours and I would like to have things", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00884-00209865-00210017": "faster so I don't have to hear that", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00885-00210017-00210887": "venting all right great so Matt's gonna", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00886-00210888-00211004": "come on in a second with some closing", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00887-00211005-00211178": "remarks and some very important", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00888-00211179-00211364": "announcements so please be sure to stick", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00889-00211365-00211544": "around but thank you so much to the", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00890-00211544-00211746": "panel", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00891-00211746-00211891": "[Applause]", "0BdLVq1KLR4-00892-00211892-00213026": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0B4w6ocgQgM", "text": {"0B4w6ocgQgM-00000-00000008-00001391": "[Music]", "0B4w6ocgQgM-00001-00001392-00002271": "shirt", "0B4w6ocgQgM-00002-00002272-00002495": "foreign", "0B4w6ocgQgM-00003-00002496-00003132": "[Music]", "0B4w6ocgQgM-00004-00003133-00003967": "[Music]", "0B4w6ocgQgM-00005-00003968-00004670": "oh", "0B4w6ocgQgM-00006-00004671-00004942": "let's go", "0B4w6ocgQgM-00007-00004943-00005470": "[Music]", "0B4w6ocgQgM-00008-00005471-00005823": "[Applause]", "0B4w6ocgQgM-00009-00005824-00007478": "[Music]", "0B4w6ocgQgM-00010-00007479-00007619": "uh", "0B4w6ocgQgM-00011-00007620-00008306": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0BiIREQtA0o", "text": {"0BiIREQtA0o-00000-00000028-00000336": "in a classroom you always have the kids", "0BiIREQtA0o-00001-00000337-00000565": "who sit in the back you always have the", "0BiIREQtA0o-00002-00000566-00000814": "kids who try and get away with maybe the", "0BiIREQtA0o-00003-00000815-00001072": "teacher won't call on me to read well", "0BiIREQtA0o-00004-00001073-00001266": "when we have these hands-on experiments", "0BiIREQtA0o-00005-00001267-00001519": "everyone's held accountable pushed out", "0BiIREQtA0o-00006-00001520-00002491": "of their comfort zone", "0BiIREQtA0o-00007-00002492-00002646": "when you're trying to prepare them for", "0BiIREQtA0o-00008-00002647-00002892": "what's coming down the the pipe it", "0BiIREQtA0o-00009-00002893-00003064": "definitely involves a lot of technology", "0BiIREQtA0o-00010-00003065-00003261": "in their future and that's just the one", "0BiIREQtA0o-00011-00003262-00003424": "piece that we really don't have access", "0BiIREQtA0o-00012-00003425-00003778": "to in public schools my desktop computer", "0BiIREQtA0o-00013-00003779-00003958": "is over ten years old some of the", "0BiIREQtA0o-00014-00003959-00004099": "textbooks that we have in the building", "0BiIREQtA0o-00015-00004100-00004417": "are from before the turn of the last", "0BiIREQtA0o-00016-00004418-00004825": "century lack of funding is usually the", "0BiIREQtA0o-00017-00004826-00005020": "reason why we don't get to do a lot of", "0BiIREQtA0o-00018-00005021-00005418": "things we want to do we our school", "0BiIREQtA0o-00019-00005419-00005688": "district with very limited resources I", "0BiIREQtA0o-00020-00005689-00006049": "am very grateful for the NEA foundation", "0BiIREQtA0o-00021-00006050-00006391": "not only dollars and grant opportunities", "0BiIREQtA0o-00022-00006392-00006621": "but also expertise to be able to do that", "0BiIREQtA0o-00023-00006622-00006829": "is especially important in a school", "0BiIREQtA0o-00024-00006830-00007312": "district like ours stem stands for", "0BiIREQtA0o-00025-00007313-00007612": "science technology engineering and", "0BiIREQtA0o-00026-00007613-00007884": "mathematics it's a push for us to", "0BiIREQtA0o-00027-00007886-00008191": "purposefully include more opportunities", "0BiIREQtA0o-00028-00008192-00008524": "for students to introduce technology and", "0BiIREQtA0o-00029-00008525-00008770": "engineering practices into their", "0BiIREQtA0o-00030-00008771-00009069": "education so that they're ready forward", "0BiIREQtA0o-00031-00009070-00009393": "the next step teachers don't always have", "0BiIREQtA0o-00032-00009394-00009783": "time to collaborate cross content so my", "0BiIREQtA0o-00033-00009784-00009966": "job is this time coordinator I work with", "0BiIREQtA0o-00034-00009967-00010218": "the department heads figuring out what", "0BiIREQtA0o-00035-00010219-00010589": "are you doing now and how can we help", "0BiIREQtA0o-00036-00010590-00010851": "connect that more to stem how can we", "0BiIREQtA0o-00037-00010852-00011099": "give you more industry resources and how", "0BiIREQtA0o-00038-00011100-00011324": "can we push kids from a regular science", "0BiIREQtA0o-00039-00011325-00011721": "class into a career as a scientist we", "0BiIREQtA0o-00040-00011722-00011841": "used to think of learning things like", "0BiIREQtA0o-00041-00011842-00012081": "you learn the skill and then you can", "0BiIREQtA0o-00042-00012082-00012324": "apply the skill in the world and kids", "0BiIREQtA0o-00043-00012325-00012501": "just don't think that way you see a", "0BiIREQtA0o-00044-00012502-00012696": "problem in the world and then you have", "0BiIREQtA0o-00045-00012697-00012941": "to find a way to solve it and oftentimes", "0BiIREQtA0o-00046-00012942-00013297": "that solutions not necessarily in a book", "0BiIREQtA0o-00047-00013298-00013518": "we're preparing children for careers", "0BiIREQtA0o-00048-00013519-00013622": "that we don't even know what they are", "0BiIREQtA0o-00049-00013623-00013749": "they don't even exist", "0BiIREQtA0o-00050-00013750-00013962": "we know that stem is going to be an", "0BiIREQtA0o-00051-00013963-00014444": "important piece of that STEM education", "0BiIREQtA0o-00052-00014445-00014844": "is I feel at the heart of being a human", "0BiIREQtA0o-00053-00014844-00015159": "we're meant to be creative all of us", "0BiIREQtA0o-00054-00015160-00015459": "want to make sense of the world and we", "0BiIREQtA0o-00055-00015460-00015933": "want to bring our dream into reality our", "0BiIREQtA0o-00056-00015934-00016163": "our teachers are our greatest resource", "0BiIREQtA0o-00057-00016163-00016428": "that classroom teacher is the only", "0BiIREQtA0o-00058-00016429-00016689": "person who can actually do the job of", "0BiIREQtA0o-00059-00016690-00016887": "meeting the needs of those children in", "0BiIREQtA0o-00060-00016888-00017088": "that classroom and an investment in", "0BiIREQtA0o-00061-00017089-00017244": "teachers is the most important", "0BiIREQtA0o-00062-00017245-00017712": "investment we can make I've had many", "0BiIREQtA0o-00063-00017713-00018021": "many opportunities to see the power of", "0BiIREQtA0o-00064-00018022-00018347": "what education can do for children there", "0BiIREQtA0o-00065-00018348-00018540": "is no more important work we can do than", "0BiIREQtA0o-00066-00018541-00018719": "be in education", "0BiIREQtA0o-00067-00018720-00019208": "I asked the kids to work to become", "0BiIREQtA0o-00068-00019209-00019411": "something more than they are today and", "0BiIREQtA0o-00069-00019412-00019643": "teachers need to do the same thing the", "0BiIREQtA0o-00070-00019644-00019853": "kids are changing I need to be changing", "0BiIREQtA0o-00071-00019854-00020342": "too when I grow up I'm thinking about", "0BiIREQtA0o-00072-00020343-00020666": "being a doctor I want to be a", "0BiIREQtA0o-00073-00020667-00020975": "pediatrician I want to be a nurse when I", "0BiIREQtA0o-00074-00020976-00021349": "grow up like my mom I want to be a", "0BiIREQtA0o-00075-00021350-00022921": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0BvMPTTi7by", "text": {"0BvMPTTi7by-00000-00000002-00000011": "[Music]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00001-00000012-00000098": "[Applause]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00002-00000099-00000193": "[Applause]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00003-00000194-00000401": "I love that you're still wearing a", "0BvMPTTi7by-00004-00000401-00000449": "homemade", "0BvMPTTi7by-00005-00000450-00003361": "[Music]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00006-00003361-00003599": "thank you", "0BvMPTTi7by-00007-00003600-00004465": "[Music]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00008-00004466-00004811": "thank you", "0BvMPTTi7by-00009-00004812-00005020": "so we just entered the Netherlands which", "0BvMPTTi7by-00010-00005021-00005375": "means we can eat a Dutch Pancake again", "0BvMPTTi7by-00011-00005376-00005711": "one of my favorites and afterwards we", "0BvMPTTi7by-00012-00005712-00005951": "can pay with the pay cards which we use", "0BvMPTTi7by-00013-00005952-00006814": "so much during the trip it's really nice", "0BvMPTTi7by-00014-00006815-00007337": "foreign", "0BvMPTTi7by-00015-00007338-00008723": "[Music]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00016-00008724-00008896": "I want to do it together I want to be", "0BvMPTTi7by-00017-00008897-00009613": "behind you", "0BvMPTTi7by-00018-00009614-00009977": "so it is local gift just went by nothing", "0BvMPTTi7by-00019-00009978-00010305": "was happening", "0BvMPTTi7by-00020-00010306-00010960": "[Music]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00021-00010961-00011326": "foreign", "0BvMPTTi7by-00022-00011327-00011428": "[Applause]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00023-00011429-00012137": "[Music]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00024-00012138-00012767": "[Applause]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00025-00012768-00013086": "[Music]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00026-00013087-00013565": "the longest food delivery tour ever", "0BvMPTTi7by-00027-00013566-00014191": "experience in Europe here you go", "0BvMPTTi7by-00028-00014191-00014785": "[Music]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00029-00014786-00015077": "I guess starting with a housing", "0BvMPTTi7by-00030-00015078-00015227": "experience", "0BvMPTTi7by-00031-00015228-00015516": "yeah Grace", "0BvMPTTi7by-00032-00015518-00015869": "no like so we really like cycling we", "0BvMPTTi7by-00033-00015869-00016061": "really like meeting new people so", "0BvMPTTi7by-00034-00016062-00016288": "actually I think this uh the five right", "0BvMPTTi7by-00035-00016290-00016522": "was perfect for us it went so fast also", "0BvMPTTi7by-00036-00016523-00016757": "these two ones but it was really it was", "0BvMPTTi7by-00037-00016758-00016891": "really great experience", "0BvMPTTi7by-00038-00016892-00017147": "maybe the most unbelievable thing that", "0BvMPTTi7by-00039-00017148-00017297": "happened was", "0BvMPTTi7by-00040-00017298-00017603": "um we were delivering all the guy he was", "0BvMPTTi7by-00041-00017604-00017807": "very sweet and he just at the moment he", "0BvMPTTi7by-00042-00017808-00017993": "got the address and I was like oh my God", "0BvMPTTi7by-00043-00017994-00018221": "what's going on I was like yeah well I", "0BvMPTTi7by-00044-00018222-00018349": "just broke up", "0BvMPTTi7by-00045-00018350-00018757": "and my ex just ordered something", "0BvMPTTi7by-00046-00018758-00019248": "with together", "0BvMPTTi7by-00047-00019249-00020580": "[Music]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00048-00020581-00020939": "well we almost thought that all the", "0BvMPTTi7by-00049-00020940-00021239": "people we got to me just got something", "0BvMPTTi7by-00050-00021240-00021475": "so happy about their job", "0BvMPTTi7by-00051-00021476-00022128": "I mean it's obviously a nice company", "0BvMPTTi7by-00052-00022129-00022450": "no in general all the people we we got", "0BvMPTTi7by-00053-00022451-00022643": "to meet a really really happy about", "0BvMPTTi7by-00054-00022644-00022907": "working for jet really lovely to have", "0BvMPTTi7by-00055-00022908-00023158": "you thank you", "0BvMPTTi7by-00056-00023159-00023694": "[Applause]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00057-00023695-00026882": "[Music]", "0BvMPTTi7by-00058-00026883-00027167": "[Applause]"}}, {"audio_id": "0BAzDNoVaWQ", "text": {"0BAzDNoVaWQ-00000-00000051-00000284": "a Phoebe phobia is the fear of youth", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00001-00000285-00000550": "first coin is the fear or loathing of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00002-00000551-00000824": "teenagers today the phenomenon is", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00003-00000825-00001121": "recognized as the inaccurate exaggerated", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00004-00001122-00001343": "and sensational characterization of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00005-00001344-00001579": "young people in a range of settings", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00006-00001580-00001810": "around the world studies of the fear of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00007-00001811-00002009": "youth occur in sociology and youth", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00008-00002010-00002369": "studies", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00009-00002370-00002908": "topic lexicology", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00010-00002909-00003379": "topic coinage", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00011-00003379-00003615": "the word of FIBA phobia is formed from", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00012-00003617-00003859": "the greek fe BOS fe buzz meaning youth", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00013-00003860-00004267": "or adolescent and Phobos Phobos meaning", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00014-00004268-00004699": "fear or phobia the coinage of this term", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00015-00004700-00004986": "is attributed to a 1994 article by Kirk", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00016-00004987-00005220": "Astaroth published in Phi Delta captain", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00017-00005221-00005446": "today common usage occurs", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00018-00005447-00005661": "internationally by sociologists", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00019-00005662-00005872": "government agencies and youth advocacy", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00020-00005873-00006070": "organizations that define a fee by", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00021-00006071-00006304": "phobia as an abnormal or irrational and", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00022-00006305-00006498": "persistent fear or loathing of teenagers", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00023-00006500-00006864": "or adolescents", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00024-00006865-00007383": "topic similar terms", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00025-00007384-00007634": "the term peda phobia has gained popular", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00026-00007636-00007814": "acceptance in Europe to describe the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00027-00007815-00007889": "aforementioned", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00028-00007890-00008199": "fear of youth pedia phobia is the fear", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00029-00008200-00008451": "of infants and children Hiba phobia from", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00030-00008452-00008781": "the greek he be he be youth puberty has", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00031-00008782-00009053": "also been proposed similar terms include", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00032-00009054-00009260": "adult ism which is a predisposition", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00033-00009261-00009449": "towards adults that is biased against", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00034-00009450-00009630": "children and youth and ageism which", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00035-00009631-00009821": "describes discrimination against any", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00036-00009822-00010316": "person because of their age", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00037-00010317-00010764": "topic history", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00038-00010765-00010981": "the fear of youth along with fear of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00039-00010982-00011173": "street culture and the fear of crime is", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00040-00011174-00011356": "said to have been in Western culture fir", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00041-00011357-00011701": "time immemorial Machiavelli is said to", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00042-00011702-00011874": "have realized that a fear of youth is", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00043-00011875-00012039": "what kept the city of Florence from", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00044-00012040-00012316": "keeping a standing army ancient Venice", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00045-00012317-00012510": "and ancient Greece are also said to have", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00046-00012511-00012730": "had floundering public policy because of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00047-00012731-00012907": "their fear of youth early American", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00048-00012908-00013122": "Puritanism has been seen as reliant on a", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00049-00013123-00013315": "fear of youth who were seen as embodying", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00050-00013316-00013468": "adventure and enlightenment and", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00051-00013469-00013641": "therefore were viewed as susceptible to", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00052-00013641-00013993": "decadent morality during the Industrial", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00053-00013994-00014200": "Revolution Western European and North", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00054-00014201-00014446": "American popular media was particularly", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00055-00014447-00014613": "driven to propagate the fear of children", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00056-00014615-00014793": "and youth in order to further the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00057-00014794-00014962": "industrialization of schooling and", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00058-00014963-00015153": "eventually to remove young people from", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00059-00015154-00015325": "the workplace when their labor became", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00060-00015326-00015547": "unnecessary due to mechanization and the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00061-00015547-00015753": "influx of new labor post-world War two", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00062-00015754-00015958": "France was said to have been stricken by", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00063-00015959-00016186": "concern for mal das when they created", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00064-00016187-00016350": "policies that reflected their fear of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00065-00016351-00016605": "youth send them to summer camps place", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00066-00016606-00016843": "others in reformatories the rest should", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00067-00016844-00017071": "have some fresh air build some athletic", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00068-00017072-00017280": "fields", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00069-00017281-00017517": "were the intentions of youth policies in", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00070-00017518-00017755": "that era following World War two the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00071-00017756-00017983": "United States military identified the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00072-00017984-00018123": "growing number of youth in the deep", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00073-00018124-00018339": "south as a problematic scenario for", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00074-00018340-00018597": "national security analysts have", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00075-00018598-00018783": "suggested the upswing in the popular", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00076-00018784-00018978": "cultures fear of youth may be attributed", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00077-00018979-00019174": "to defense policies created in response", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00078-00019175-00019506": "to that threat in the 1990s public fear", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00079-00019507-00019777": "of adolescents mounted caused by the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00080-00019778-00020080": "increased youth access to handguns The", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00081-00020081-00020314": "Syndicate ization of territorial youth", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00082-00020315-00020614": "gangs into illegal drug cartels racist", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00083-00020615-00020902": "stereotyping of urban youth academic and", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00084-00020903-00021175": "political pandering media frenzy and a", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00085-00021176-00021387": "spate of high-profile school shootings", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00086-00021388-00021733": "of students by their fellow students the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00087-00021734-00021952": "Seattle Weekly specifically cited the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00088-00021953-00022128": "fear of youth as the driving factor", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00089-00022129-00022333": "behind Seattle Washington's now-defunct", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00090-00022334-00022620": "teen dance ordinance the government of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00091-00022621-00022839": "Prime Minister Tony Blair introduced the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00092-00022840-00023133": "antisocial behavior order in 1998 which", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00093-00023134-00023331": "has also been attributed directly to a", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00094-00023332-00023704": "fear of youth", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00095-00023705-00024201": "topic causes", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00096-00024202-00024471": "media marketers politicians youth", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00097-00024472-00024627": "workers and researchers have been", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00098-00024628-00024825": "implicated in perpetuating the fear of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00099-00024826-00025080": "youth since young people in developed", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00100-00025081-00025257": "countries are expected to stay out of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00101-00025258-00025437": "the workforce any role for them outside", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00102-00025438-00025629": "that of consumer as potentially", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00103-00025630-00025914": "threatening to adults selling safety to", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00104-00025914-00026094": "parents and teachers has also been a", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00105-00026095-00026331": "driving force as home security systems", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00106-00026332-00026544": "cell phones and computer surveillance", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00107-00026545-00026763": "usage is marketed to parents and x-ray", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00108-00026764-00026933": "machines metal detectors and", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00109-00026935-00027083": "closed-circuit television are", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00110-00027085-00027264": "increasingly sold to schools on the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00111-00027264-00027432": "premise that young people are not to be", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00112-00027433-00027695": "trusted these steps are in spite of the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00113-00027697-00027918": "fact that experience consistently shows", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00114-00027919-00028092": "that monitoring youth does little to", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00115-00028093-00028275": "prevent violence or tragedy the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00116-00028276-00028452": "Columbine High School massacre occurred", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00117-00028452-00028650": "in a building with video surveillance", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00118-00028651-00028854": "and in building police the very creation", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00119-00028855-00029049": "of the terms Youth adolescence and", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00120-00029050-00029232": "teenager have all been attributed to the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00121-00029233-00029460": "fear of youth as the Western world", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00122-00029461-00029691": "became more industrialized young people", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00123-00029692-00029838": "were increasingly driven from the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00124-00029839-00030057": "workforce including in voluntary and", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00125-00030058-00030225": "voluntary positions and into", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00126-00030226-00030432": "increasingly total institutions where", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00127-00030433-00030636": "they lost personal autonomy in favour of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00128-00030637-00030918": "social control government policies", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00129-00030919-00031089": "outside of schools have been implicated", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00130-00031089-00031295": "as well as over the last 40 years", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00131-00031297-00031551": "curfews and D loitering an anti cruising", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00132-00031552-00031764": "laws and other legislation apparently", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00133-00031764-00031952": "targeted at teenagers have taken hold", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00134-00031954-00032177": "across the country courts have", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00135-00032179-00032367": "increasingly ruled against youth rights", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00136-00032368-00032781": "as well before the 1940s teenagers were", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00137-00032782-00032958": "not listed in newspaper headlines", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00138-00032959-00033155": "because as a group they did not exist", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00139-00033156-00033444": "the impact of youth since World War Two", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00140-00033445-00033645": "on Western society has been immense", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00141-00033646-00033807": "largely driven by marketing that", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00142-00033808-00034107": "proponents them as the other in turn", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00143-00034108-00034278": "youth are caused to behave in ways that", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00144-00034279-00034545": "appear different from adults this has", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00145-00034546-00034725": "led to the phenomenon of youth and in", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00146-00034726-00034944": "turn has created a perpetuated fear of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00147-00034945-00035319": "them", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00148-00035320-00035767": "topic effects", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00149-00035768-00035953": "the fear of youth is thought to exist", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00150-00035954-00036215": "throughout the entire western world", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00151-00036216-00036451": "sociologist ray Oldenburg has attributed", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00152-00036452-00036709": "the generation gap in the increasing", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00153-00036710-00036918": "segregation of youth from adults in", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00154-00036919-00037293": "American society to adult estrangement", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00155-00037294-00037567": "and fear of youth at least one major", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00156-00037568-00037777": "economist has proposed that the fear of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00157-00037778-00037945": "youth can have grave effects on the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00158-00037946-00038209": "economic health of nations a growing", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00159-00038210-00038389": "number of researchers report that the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00160-00038390-00038545": "fear of youth affects the health of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00161-00038546-00038704": "democracy reporting that the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00162-00038705-00038920": "consequential vilification of youth has", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00163-00038921-00039124": "in the past and continues to presently", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00164-00039125-00039292": "undermine public social political", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00165-00039293-00039550": "religious and cultural participation", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00166-00039551-00039777": "among current and future generations as", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00167-00039778-00040048": "it affects young people themselves a", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00168-00040049-00040255": "phoebe phobia has been recognized as a", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00169-00040256-00040471": "barrier towards successful academic", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00170-00040472-00040668": "achievement a barrier to successful", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00171-00040669-00040882": "social intervention programs and as an", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00172-00040883-00041052": "indicator of the ineptitude of many", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00173-00041053-00041590": "adults to be successful parents", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00174-00041591-00042134": "topic social discrimination", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00175-00042135-00042408": "today citizens as a whole as well as", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00176-00042409-00042624": "people who work with children live in", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00177-00042625-00042816": "fear of youth in our homes and schools", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00178-00042817-00043263": "and on our streets while society loves", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00179-00043264-00043497": "their attractive bodies youthfulness and", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00180-00043498-00043638": "commercial firepower", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00181-00043639-00043961": "we also vilify adolescence as a", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00182-00043962-00044193": "non-contributing drain on the economy", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00183-00044194-00044481": "and our democracy in the mainstream", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00184-00044482-00044685": "media young people are most often", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00185-00044686-00044909": "portrayed as self-absorbed and apathetic", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00186-00044910-00045135": "uninterested in the common good or in", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00187-00045136-00045360": "advancing social goals many social", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00188-00045361-00045555": "programs and social critics view the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00189-00045556-00045720": "fear of youth as a condemning force", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00190-00045721-00045879": "against youth throughout society", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00191-00045880-00046091": "particularly when coupled with racism", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00192-00046092-00046344": "poet Gwendolyn Brooks was applauded for", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00193-00046345-00046530": "her consciousness-raising work around", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00194-00046531-00046712": "the fear of youth particularly young", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00195-00046713-00046989": "african-americans popular contemporary", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00196-00046990-00047211": "beliefs about adolescents are different", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00197-00047212-00047403": "from historical narratives in the past", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00198-00047404-00047640": "youth were portrayed as the future and", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00199-00047641-00047859": "the leaders of tomorrow", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00200-00047860-00048156": "today they are seen as a source of worry", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00201-00048157-00048471": "not potential contributing to a fear of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00202-00048472-00048723": "adolescents especially racial and ethnic", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00203-00048724-00049032": "minorities in turn this racist and adult", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00204-00049033-00049218": "perspective informs urban law", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00205-00049219-00049455": "enforcement public schools and social", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00206-00049456-00049773": "services sociologists have suggested", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00207-00049774-00049932": "that much of the current spread of the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00208-00049933-00050208": "fear of youth is due to adult anxiety", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00209-00050209-00050406": "over the shifting racial mix in the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00210-00050407-00050730": "general population the effects of sexism", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00211-00050731-00050910": "are similarly reported to be amplified", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00212-00050911-00051216": "by a fee by phobia however New York", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00213-00051216-00051447": "University professor Pedro Nogueira has", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00214-00051448-00051651": "suggested that the fear of youth extends", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00215-00051652-00051917": "beyond color boundaries as skateboarders", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00216-00051919-00052154": "Punk's even straight-laced suburban", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00217-00052155-00052425": "teenagers can evoke anxiety among adults", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00218-00052426-00052638": "by congregating in large numbers in", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00219-00052639-00052965": "places deemed off-limits to youth the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00220-00052966-00053082": "ability of youth to participate", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00221-00053083-00053298": "throughout society as seen as", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00222-00053299-00053480": "compromised because of the fear of youth", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00223-00053482-00053688": "and is often disguised as a paternalism", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00224-00053689-00053912": "or protectionism among adults", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00225-00053913-00054219": "additionally scholar Henry Jenkins links", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00226-00054220-00054447": "criticism of new media with fear of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00227-00054448-00054639": "adolescents who are the most eager", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00228-00054640-00054941": "adopters teen culture seems meaningless", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00229-00054942-00055200": "and dangerous without an appreciation of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00230-00055201-00055376": "its context", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00231-00055377-00055657": "you", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00232-00055658-00056184": "topic commercial gain", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00233-00056185-00056425": "academics specifically acknowledged the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00234-00056426-00056584": "force of a Phoebe phobia in the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00235-00056585-00056749": "commercial sector where this fear of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00236-00056750-00056950": "youth has been extensively exploited for", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00237-00056951-00057061": "financial gain", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00238-00057062-00057334": "this is elaborated on by researchers and", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00239-00057335-00057535": "social critics who claim that popular", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00240-00057536-00057747": "media including cinema and television", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00241-00057748-00058024": "specifically exacerbated society's fear", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00242-00058025-00058242": "of youth for financial gain as one study", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00243-00058244-00058504": "reports extreme fear of youth as an", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00244-00058504-00058825": "established media panic pulp novels in", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00245-00058826-00059023": "the 1950s were mass-produced to", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00246-00059024-00059227": "specifically cash in on the growing fear", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00247-00059228-00059359": "of youth that was spreading throughout", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00248-00059360-00059698": "society ironically it has also been said", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00249-00059699-00059892": "that popular media's effects on young", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00250-00059894-00060082": "people are not as powerful as the fear", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00251-00060083-00060235": "of youth which drives the fear of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00252-00060236-00060451": "Technology and in turn perpetuates the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00253-00060452-00060828": "fear of youth", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00254-00060829-00061330": "topic governmental policy", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00255-00061331-00061566": "decision-making by government agencies", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00256-00061566-00061815": "including public schools policing and", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00257-00061816-00061979": "courts have been found to be driven by", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00258-00061980-00062190": "the fear of youth the fear of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00259-00062191-00062354": "adolescence has been said to cause a", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00260-00062355-00062529": "disjunction between what is said about", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00261-00062529-00062709": "the value of young people and what is", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00262-00062710-00062900": "done to them in education and social", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00263-00062901-00063090": "services and causes them to be seen", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00264-00063091-00063416": "primarily as threats to persons to", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00265-00063417-00063804": "institutions to status quo a number of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00266-00063804-00063992": "observers have indicated the deliberate", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00267-00063993-00064199": "perpetuation of mass social of Phoebe", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00268-00064200-00064410": "phobia in order to elicit particular", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00269-00064411-00064722": "public and social responses american", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00270-00064723-00064947": "sociologist mike males has identified", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00271-00064948-00065178": "trends among politicians and policy", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00272-00065179-00065340": "makers of stoking the fear of youth", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00273-00065341-00065535": "among society in order to make headway", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00274-00065536-00065780": "in political campaigns and build popular", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00275-00065781-00066023": "support for otherwise generate media", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00276-00066024-00066384": "sensation and public fear similarly the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00277-00066385-00066566": "fear of youth has been identified as the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00278-00066567-00066765": "driving factor behind many governmental", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00279-00066766-00066974": "programs designed to combat so-called", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00280-00066975-00067284": "youth violence in which the actions of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00281-00067285-00067430": "few youth are attributed to the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00282-00067431-00067691": "population of youth in general in a", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00283-00067692-00067955": "specific instance in dallas fear of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00284-00067956-00068180": "youth led to accelerated surveillance", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00285-00068181-00068438": "and policing particularly in its poorest", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00286-00068439-00068819": "area gaston the fear of adolescence is", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00287-00068820-00068963": "also said to have caused many", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00288-00068964-00069113": "governments to lower their age of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00289-00069114-00069338": "criminal responsibility and escalate the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00290-00069339-00069536": "detention of young people from childhood", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00291-00069537-00069887": "through adulthood", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00292-00069888-00070382": "topic education", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00293-00070383-00070617": "examining the black power movement of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00294-00070618-00070881": "the 1970s one researcher wrote the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00295-00070882-00071106": "common adult dislike and fear of youth", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00296-00071107-00071382": "is compounded by the teachers fear fear", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00297-00071383-00071622": "of losing control in the classroom fear", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00298-00071623-00071979": "of losing one's Authority a specific", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00299-00071980-00072168": "increase in the fear of youth in schools", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00300-00072169-00072306": "following the Columbine High School", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00301-00072307-00072636": "massacre of 1999 as seen as a particular", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00302-00072637-00072846": "cause in evidence suggesting an overall", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00303-00072847-00072969": "decrease in student engagement", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00304-00072970-00073254": "throughout high schools today fear of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00305-00073255-00073419": "youth has led to the development of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00306-00073420-00073656": "zero-tolerance policies in many schools", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00307-00073657-00073857": "which in turn is attributed as the cause", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00308-00073858-00074058": "of the increase in arrests for juvenile", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00309-00074059-00074253": "crime on school campuses which has", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00310-00074254-00074409": "promoted the fear of youth and led", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00311-00074410-00074595": "school administrators to call police for", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00312-00074596-00075172": "infractions once dealt with internally", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00313-00075173-00075701": "topic combatting a Phoebe phobia", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00314-00075702-00075965": "the American Library Association has", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00315-00075966-00076144": "developed a resource collection for", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00316-00076145-00076343": "librarians specifically to combat the", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00317-00076344-00076580": "afif obeah by promoting customer service", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00318-00076581-00076831": "skills specific to youth however", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00319-00076832-00077078": "sociologist mike mails has suggested", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00320-00077079-00077246": "that a phoebe phobia does not analyze", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00321-00077247-00077453": "the problem deep enough as the fear of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00322-00077454-00077705": "adult stereotype of adolescents or Koro", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00323-00077706-00077888": "phobia is the core challenge facing", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00324-00077889-00078367": "young people today", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00325-00078368-00078827": "topic see also", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00326-00078828-00079350": "topic references", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00327-00079351-00080166": "topic bibliography Lesko n 2001 act your", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00328-00080167-00080331": "age a cultural construction of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00329-00080332-00080703": "adolescents route which is B and O four", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00330-00080704-00080880": "one five nine two eight three three", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00331-00080881-00081405": "eight n D youth liberation z magazine", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00332-00081406-00081725": "online three types of youth liberation", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00333-00081726-00082098": "by sven bond dixon pro youth affirm text", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00334-00082099-00082250": "against ageism towards teenagers", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00335-00082251-00082485": "presenting a case of ageism committed by", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00336-00082486-00082800": "a jury everyone deserves to be given a", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00337-00082801-00083012": "chance an essay against ageism towards", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00338-00083013-00083156": "teenagers written by a Canadian", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00339-00083157-00083516": "adolescent are we down on our kids a", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00340-00083517-00083790": "review of caught in the crossfire kids", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00341-00083791-00084054": "politics in America's future by Lawrence", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00342-00084055-00084255": "Grossberg and endeavors magazine that", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00343-00084256-00084482": "diagnosis cultural of fee by phobia in", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00344-00084483-00084984": "the US Ayotte w 1986 as soon as you're", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00345-00084985-00085115": "born they make you feel small", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00346-00085116-00085428": "self-determination for children chicago", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00347-00085429-00085704": "anarchist youth Federation n D school", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00348-00085705-00086105": "stoppers textbook : s 1991 children in", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00349-00086106-00086424": "society a libertarian critique London", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00350-00086425-00086835": "Freedom press Goodman P 1964 compulsory", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00351-00086836-00087003": "miss education and the community of", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00352-00087004-00087437": "scholars New York vintage books Ilic eye", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00353-00087438-00087768": "1972 schooling Society New York Harrow", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00354-00087769-00088254": "books Holt J 1972 freedom and beyond New", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00355-00088255-00088668": "York EP Dutton & Co Millar a 1990 for", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00356-00088669-00088862": "your own good hidden cruelty in child", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00357-00088863-00089105": "rearing and the roots of violence 3rd", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00358-00089106-00089162": "edition", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00359-00089163-00089488": "New York noonday pres Stern heimer K", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00360-00089489-00089715": "2006 kids these days", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00361-00089716-00089918": "facts and fiction's about today's youth", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00362-00089919-00090216": "rowman & littlefield topic external", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00363-00090217-00090441": "links a fee by phobia the free child", "0BAzDNoVaWQ-00364-00090442-00090701": "project"}}, {"audio_id": "0C0x8_Qq3U0", "text": {"0C0x8_Qq3U0-00000-00000425-00001195": "then I examine my model by Homa suggest", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00001-00001196-00001907": "ECT for this purpose I use namely this", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00002-00001907-00002343": "verbal deleted residuals", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00003-00002344-00002966": "homoscedasticity means that residuals do", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00004-00002967-00003602": "not vary from one regressor value to", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00005-00003603-00003947": "another consequently there are a lot of", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00006-00003947-00004384": "methods which identifying", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00007-00004385-00004981": "homoscedasticity by means of finding any", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00008-00004982-00005506": "associations or relations between each", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00009-00005507-00006156": "of regressor and the variable containing", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00010-00006157-00006805": "residuals I think that one of most", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00011-00006806-00007498": "effective methods is ANOVA because other", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00012-00007500-00008070": "methods are dependent on link function", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00013-00008072-00008660": "link functional shape and ANOVA in", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00014-00008661-00009242": "contrast doesn't depend on link", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00015-00009243-00009908": "functional shape that is why inference", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00016-00009909-00010580": "made by ANOVA is more general more", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00017-00010581-00011135": "exhaustive than inferences which are", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00018-00011136-00011656": "made by linear regression or Spearman", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00019-00011657-00012414": "coefficient so let's start a novel", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00020-00012415-00012852": "this verbal containing residuals is", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00021-00012853-00013207": "dependent now then I take just one", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00022-00013208-00013816": "variable and push this button now I may", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00023-00013816-00014410": "take all my wrestlers and place them", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00024-00014411-00014943": "here and here", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00025-00014944-00015994": "opium here in the syntax around", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00026-00015994-00016521": "selection I see that all although some", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00027-00016522-00017016": "regressors exert influence on residuals", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00028-00017017-00017329": "but the accumulative influence is very", "0C0x8_Qq3U0-00029-00017330-00017590": "small"}}, {"audio_id": "0C2G1aXNsME", "text": {"0C2G1aXNsME-00000-00000062-00000169": "[Music]", "0C2G1aXNsME-00001-00000170-00000811": "hey back everybody so today's a little", "0C2G1aXNsME-00002-00000813-00001000": "bit different we're not gonna ready to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00003-00001001-00001303": "code today we're not going to analyze", "0C2G1aXNsME-00004-00001304-00001646": "any algorithms we're not going to you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00005-00001647-00001901": "know rat try to rep remains mount the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00006-00001902-00002117": "mysteries of recursion or learn them", "0C2G1aXNsME-00007-00002118-00002476": "some new feature of Java the next two", "0C2G1aXNsME-00008-00002477-00002809": "classes are devoted to introducing you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00009-00002810-00003245": "to something that I think you need to be", "0C2G1aXNsME-00010-00003246-00003397": "reintroduced to it's not something", "0C2G1aXNsME-00011-00003398-00003670": "that's new to you but it's something", "0C2G1aXNsME-00012-00003671-00003915": "that I think you take for granted", "0C2G1aXNsME-00013-00003917-00004163": "because you grew up with it you grew up", "0C2G1aXNsME-00014-00004164-00004495": "around it you know the students in this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00015-00004496-00004738": "class I'm guessing were probably born", "0C2G1aXNsME-00016-00004739-00004879": "around the the turn of the millennium", "0C2G1aXNsME-00017-00004880-00005254": "right so you guys actually you know came", "0C2G1aXNsME-00018-00005255-00005408": "into being at a time where the thing", "0C2G1aXNsME-00019-00005409-00005525": "we're going to talk about was already", "0C2G1aXNsME-00020-00005526-00005759": "fairly mature and so this is one of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00021-00005760-00005879": "those things where you know my goal", "0C2G1aXNsME-00022-00005880-00006113": "today is actually to try to re mystify", "0C2G1aXNsME-00023-00006114-00006308": "something for you something that you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00024-00006309-00006542": "guys use every day but something that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00025-00006543-00006812": "also really shape your future and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00026-00006813-00006953": "technology going forward it's something", "0C2G1aXNsME-00027-00006954-00007142": "that you need to understand in order to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00028-00007143-00007367": "understand how to best leverage the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00029-00007368-00007592": "world of technology around this is the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00030-00007593-00007952": "internet and the world wide web so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00031-00007953-00008059": "that's what we're gonna talk about today", "0C2G1aXNsME-00032-00008061-00008224": "we're going into the conversation on", "0C2G1aXNsME-00033-00008225-00008489": "Monday this is also designed to set you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00034-00008490-00008753": "up to work on your final project because", "0C2G1aXNsME-00035-00008754-00009020": "one of the best ways to build something", "0C2G1aXNsME-00036-00009021-00009344": "so mp4 wraps up this weekend one of the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00037-00009345-00009512": "best ways to build something impressive", "0C2G1aXNsME-00038-00009513-00009842": "today while doing this little work as", "0C2G1aXNsME-00039-00009843-00009992": "possible and while leveraging the work", "0C2G1aXNsME-00040-00009993-00010274": "that other people are doing is to have", "0C2G1aXNsME-00041-00010275-00010735": "your app or have your program use data", "0C2G1aXNsME-00042-00010736-00010931": "or computation or other features", "0C2G1aXNsME-00043-00010932-00011162": "provided by what are called web api's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00044-00011163-00011330": "and so we'll get there on Monday we'll", "0C2G1aXNsME-00045-00011331-00011524": "talk a little bit about how you can", "0C2G1aXNsME-00046-00011525-00011855": "actually make what amounts to a function", "0C2G1aXNsME-00047-00011856-00012131": "call across the internet to a remote", "0C2G1aXNsME-00048-00012132-00012349": "server to have it do work for you to do", "0C2G1aXNsME-00049-00012350-00012503": "something cool retrieve some data that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00050-00012504-00012767": "you might not have locally run some", "0C2G1aXNsME-00051-00012768-00012899": "processing that you might not have the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00052-00012900-00013099": "power to do locally this is the major", "0C2G1aXNsME-00053-00013100-00013271": "you know you guys have already done this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00054-00013272-00013394": "for mp4", "0C2G1aXNsME-00055-00013394-00013561": "on some level if you're completing this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00056-00013562-00013741": "checkpoint or I think actually this was", "0C2G1aXNsME-00057-00013743-00013861": "probably the last checkpoint right you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00058-00013862-00014116": "guys have attached your app to our", "0C2G1aXNsME-00059-00014118-00014354": "back-end and the way that those two", "0C2G1aXNsME-00060-00014355-00014549": "pieces of code are communicating is over", "0C2G1aXNsME-00061-00014550-00014683": "what's called it Web API we'll talk", "0C2G1aXNsME-00062-00014684-00014866": "about that on Monday but today the goal", "0C2G1aXNsME-00063-00014868-00015065": "is to give you a little bit of sense of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00064-00015066-00015419": "what the Internet actually is okay so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00065-00015419-00015619": "before we can talk about the web and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00066-00015620-00015893": "before we move off about web api's it", "0C2G1aXNsME-00067-00015894-00016075": "really I think helps to sort of back up", "0C2G1aXNsME-00068-00016076-00016294": "and think a little bit talk a little bit", "0C2G1aXNsME-00069-00016295-00016538": "about what the Internet is because um", "0C2G1aXNsME-00070-00016539-00016874": "it's sort of I guess not surprising", "0C2G1aXNsME-00071-00016875-00017105": "because it works so well but a lot of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00072-00017106-00017255": "people including a lot of computer", "0C2G1aXNsME-00073-00017256-00017378": "scientists include a lot of people in", "0C2G1aXNsME-00074-00017379-00017555": "this room don't really have much of an", "0C2G1aXNsME-00075-00017556-00017758": "idea about how this actually works now", "0C2G1aXNsME-00076-00017759-00017930": "you guys are sitting there with your", "0C2G1aXNsME-00077-00017931-00018071": "laptops I'm sure you're all looking", "0C2G1aXNsME-00078-00018072-00018283": "directly at my beautiful slides but even", "0C2G1aXNsME-00079-00018284-00018440": "if you're not even if you're using some", "0C2G1aXNsME-00080-00018441-00018767": "other you know tool or some other", "0C2G1aXNsME-00081-00018768-00019156": "service you're online right if I turned", "0C2G1aXNsME-00082-00019157-00019310": "off the internet in this room I think", "0C2G1aXNsME-00083-00019311-00019483": "that the attendants would probably drop", "0C2G1aXNsME-00084-00019484-00019705": "quite a bit right obviously the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00085-00019706-00019814": "attendants would drop to zero because", "0C2G1aXNsME-00086-00019815-00019958": "our attendance tracker would work but I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00087-00019959-00020096": "think people would stop coming because", "0C2G1aXNsME-00088-00020097-00020318": "you know what can you do so think about", "0C2G1aXNsME-00089-00020319-00020578": "it this way what can you do with your", "0C2G1aXNsME-00090-00020579-00020891": "computer today without an internet", "0C2G1aXNsME-00091-00020892-00021302": "connection when I was growing up we our", "0C2G1aXNsME-00092-00021303-00021464": "computers spent a long time when I was", "0C2G1aXNsME-00093-00021465-00021625": "in high school it's been a long time", "0C2G1aXNsME-00094-00021626-00021787": "without being connected to the Internet", "0C2G1aXNsME-00095-00021788-00021994": "we've got little bits of internet time", "0C2G1aXNsME-00096-00021995-00022153": "that we would use every week and my mom", "0C2G1aXNsME-00097-00022154-00022346": "would very fairly divide them between me", "0C2G1aXNsME-00098-00022347-00022480": "and my brother and sister and stuff like", "0C2G1aXNsME-00099-00022481-00022619": "that it was like you know you get these", "0C2G1aXNsME-00100-00022620-00022802": "discs from AOL that had 30 minutes on", "0C2G1aXNsME-00101-00022803-00022975": "them so you would divide that 30 minutes", "0C2G1aXNsME-00102-00022976-00023249": "up very carefully um now we expect all", "0C2G1aXNsME-00103-00023250-00023452": "of our devices our laptops our phones", "0C2G1aXNsME-00104-00023453-00023840": "even these little you know $5 devices we", "0C2G1aXNsME-00105-00023841-00024116": "buy from Amazon right to be online all", "0C2G1aXNsME-00106-00024117-00024362": "the time right so what created this this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00107-00024363-00024559": "revolution so today we're going to talk", "0C2G1aXNsME-00108-00024560-00024842": "about the internet a little bit about", "0C2G1aXNsME-00109-00024843-00025049": "how the internet works I hope this is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00110-00025050-00025309": "fun for you I really like this stuff I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00111-00025310-00025592": "think the Internet is probably the most", "0C2G1aXNsME-00112-00025593-00025833": "significant piece of technology that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00113-00025834-00026221": "humans have ever created you know yeah", "0C2G1aXNsME-00114-00026222-00026387": "you can fight me on this if you want", "0C2G1aXNsME-00115-00026388-00026762": "fire the wheel stuff like that but I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00116-00026763-00026804": "think", "0C2G1aXNsME-00117-00026805-00027014": "the Internet is actually more", "0C2G1aXNsME-00118-00027014-00027185": "transformative than some of those other", "0C2G1aXNsME-00119-00027186-00027489": "things because I think the Internet", "0C2G1aXNsME-00120-00027491-00027712": "reflects fundamental human desire to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00121-00027713-00027880": "communicate that's why we invented", "0C2G1aXNsME-00122-00027881-00028139": "written language we wanted to be able to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00123-00028139-00028292": "communicate document things and the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00124-00028293-00028495": "Internet is sort of the ultimate", "0C2G1aXNsME-00125-00028495-00028826": "flowering of this desire okay and again", "0C2G1aXNsME-00126-00028827-00028937": "I really like talking about this stuff", "0C2G1aXNsME-00127-00028938-00029279": "so I should taught an entire class you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00128-00029280-00029498": "know a few years ago on the internet you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00129-00029499-00029662": "can find all these videos online", "0C2G1aXNsME-00130-00029663-00029893": "including videos of me like you know", "0C2G1aXNsME-00131-00029894-00030107": "going into the wall Jack in my office", "0C2G1aXNsME-00132-00030108-00030287": "and ripping that out and figuring out", "0C2G1aXNsME-00133-00030288-00030439": "what was going on back there talk a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00134-00030440-00030643": "little bit about that today later write", "0C2G1aXNsME-00135-00030644-00030940": "me hiding in server rooms and stuff like", "0C2G1aXNsME-00136-00030941-00031124": "that anyway it's good stuff", "0C2G1aXNsME-00137-00031125-00031385": "so if you want to know more there's a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00138-00031386-00031598": "lot of videos of me talking about", "0C2G1aXNsME-00139-00031599-00031967": "various pieces of this okay so at the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00140-00031968-00032155": "end of the day what is this thing that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00141-00032156-00032360": "you guys are using right now you know", "0C2G1aXNsME-00142-00032361-00032501": "their computers in this room I wish I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00143-00032502-00032677": "had like data on this but are probably", "0C2G1aXNsME-00144-00032678-00033112": "communicating with thousands of other", "0C2G1aXNsME-00145-00033113-00033418": "computers spread all over the world okay", "0C2G1aXNsME-00146-00033419-00033737": "how did we get to this place this is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00147-00033738-00034004": "really cool right how did we get there", "0C2G1aXNsME-00148-00034005-00034268": "how does it work what's behind it how", "0C2G1aXNsME-00149-00034269-00034448": "did it evolve this way and what's so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00150-00034449-00034574": "special about it so those are the things", "0C2G1aXNsME-00151-00034575-00034795": "we're going to talk about today all", "0C2G1aXNsME-00152-00034796-00035020": "right so the first thing that the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00153-00035021-00035360": "internet is you know if there's this but", "0C2G1aXNsME-00154-00035361-00035521": "how many people have seen the Internet", "0C2G1aXNsME-00155-00035522-00035908": "is a series of tubes video that's a meme", "0C2G1aXNsME-00156-00035909-00036068": "that I think precedes you guys a little", "0C2G1aXNsME-00157-00036069-00036370": "bit I may be 10 years anyway but the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00158-00036371-00036551": "Internet is a series of tubes it's a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00159-00036552-00036880": "series of wires so what this graph is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00160-00036881-00037226": "showing you is overlaid on a map of the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00161-00037227-00037295": "United States", "0C2G1aXNsME-00162-00037296-00037574": "these are the main Internet backbone", "0C2G1aXNsME-00163-00037575-00037855": "links that we've established in this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00164-00037856-00038186": "country all right and if you pick up a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00165-00038187-00038365": "map of France or if you pick up a map of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00166-00038366-00038570": "Australia and it looks kind of similar", "0C2G1aXNsME-00167-00038571-00038821": "now if you pick up a map of you know", "0C2G1aXNsME-00168-00038822-00038993": "Africa or certain parts of the world", "0C2G1aXNsME-00169-00038994-00039212": "this looks different but in first world", "0C2G1aXNsME-00170-00039213-00039395": "countries one of the ways that we've", "0C2G1aXNsME-00171-00039396-00039580": "enabled the Internet is we've laid", "0C2G1aXNsME-00172-00039581-00039881": "cables okay we're going to talk about", "0C2G1aXNsME-00173-00039882-00040100": "what those cables are but but here's a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00174-00040101-00040181": "map", "0C2G1aXNsME-00175-00040182-00040388": "showing and this is act you can actually", "0C2G1aXNsME-00176-00040389-00040697": "use this map to figure out like let's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00177-00040698-00040913": "say you're on Facebook right now and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00178-00040914-00041024": "let's say you're actually talking to a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00179-00041025-00041174": "Facebook server that's located in", "0C2G1aXNsME-00180-00041175-00041528": "California what path is the information", "0C2G1aXNsME-00181-00041529-00041726": "taking from you to California", "0C2G1aXNsME-00182-00041727-00041867": "how many people would how many people", "0C2G1aXNsME-00183-00041868-00042083": "thought maybe that happened wirelessly", "0C2G1aXNsME-00184-00042084-00042272": "like over a satellite or something like", "0C2G1aXNsME-00185-00042273-00042446": "that right anybody think I mean it's a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00186-00042447-00042584": "reasonable thing to think you guys are", "0C2G1aXNsME-00187-00042585-00042890": "using a wireless device right now not", "0C2G1aXNsME-00188-00042891-00042944": "the case", "0C2G1aXNsME-00189-00042945-00043157": "alright this happens over wire so were", "0C2G1aXNsME-00190-00043158-00043391": "let's see we're in here somewhere right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00191-00043392-00043598": "this is Chicago you can see there's a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00192-00043599-00043805": "lot of internet connections that come", "0C2G1aXNsME-00193-00043806-00044039": "together and join up in Chicago and you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00194-00044040-00044159": "can see that in a couple other major", "0C2G1aXNsME-00195-00044160-00044309": "cities but we're down here somewhere", "0C2G1aXNsME-00196-00044310-00044702": "right so your internet traffic it's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00197-00044703-00044825": "probably if you're communicating with", "0C2G1aXNsME-00198-00044826-00045011": "the server in California might start", "0C2G1aXNsME-00199-00045012-00045260": "here and it's gonna run across these", "0C2G1aXNsME-00200-00045261-00045482": "really and and these are really high", "0C2G1aXNsME-00201-00045483-00045698": "speed sometimes what we call the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00202-00045699-00046007": "Internet backbone the companies that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00203-00046008-00046181": "operate this infrastructure you have", "0C2G1aXNsME-00204-00046182-00046565": "never heard of before Google Google and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00205-00046566-00046706": "Facebook have started to own a little", "0C2G1aXNsME-00206-00046707-00046910": "pieces of this right but most of the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00207-00046911-00047084": "companies that operate this our names", "0C2G1aXNsME-00208-00047085-00047288": "that you've never heard of right this is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00209-00047289-00047555": "but this is the fastest most", "0C2G1aXNsME-00210-00047556-00047771": "high-capacity links that we've created", "0C2G1aXNsME-00211-00047772-00048007": "these run for hundreds of miles right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00212-00048008-00048182": "and we'll talk a little bit about", "0C2G1aXNsME-00213-00048183-00048422": "exactly how data gets from one place to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00214-00048423-00048785": "another but this is you know again many", "0C2G1aXNsME-00215-00048786-00048878": "of you are probably too young to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00216-00048879-00048920": "remember", "0C2G1aXNsME-00217-00048921-00049148": "Al Gore talking about the information", "0C2G1aXNsME-00218-00049149-00049427": "superhighway this is the information", "0C2G1aXNsME-00219-00049428-00049655": "superhighway right it is a real thing", "0C2G1aXNsME-00220-00049656-00049861": "okay", "0C2G1aXNsME-00221-00049862-00050201": "now anyone can anyone sort of spot", "0C2G1aXNsME-00222-00050202-00050330": "something about this map there's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00223-00050331-00050615": "something interesting about this map if", "0C2G1aXNsME-00224-00050616-00050747": "you look at where the connections are", "0C2G1aXNsME-00225-00050748-00051162": "yeah what's that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00226-00051163-00051480": "is no one in South Dakota yeah what's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00227-00051482-00051627": "going on up here that's interesting yeah", "0C2G1aXNsME-00228-00051628-00051807": "there is no can there are no high-speed", "0C2G1aXNsME-00229-00051808-00051971": "connections in South Dakota apparently", "0C2G1aXNsME-00230-00051972-00052200": "what Isis you know no one has ever", "0C2G1aXNsME-00231-00052201-00052392": "noticed that before what is it there's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00232-00052394-00052563": "like these dead ends here it's like oh I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00233-00052564-00052711": "sent some data into South Dakota it", "0C2G1aXNsME-00234-00052712-00053016": "never came out again I feel like it's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00235-00053017-00053175": "more likely that South Dakota like", "0C2G1aXNsME-00236-00053176-00053371": "didn't share data with this survey or", "0C2G1aXNsME-00237-00053372-00053611": "something like that and so there ya know", "0C2G1aXNsME-00238-00053612-00053746": "that's interesting no one has ever seen", "0C2G1aXNsME-00239-00053747-00054025": "that before but what else does anyone", "0C2G1aXNsME-00240-00054026-00054306": "ever drive across country anyone ever", "0C2G1aXNsME-00241-00054307-00054523": "driven across some of the big interstate", "0C2G1aXNsME-00242-00054524-00054813": "highways so if you overlay the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00243-00054814-00055251": "interstate highway map on this map what", "0C2G1aXNsME-00244-00055252-00055375": "you'll see is that a lot of these", "0C2G1aXNsME-00245-00055376-00055675": "internet backbone links run along major", "0C2G1aXNsME-00246-00055676-00056166": "US highways why is that now why why", "0C2G1aXNsME-00247-00056167-00056374": "wouldn't I just run these from you know", "0C2G1aXNsME-00248-00056375-00057117": "from point A to point B yeah", "0C2G1aXNsME-00249-00057119-00057387": "yeah yeah so you actually have to like", "0C2G1aXNsME-00250-00057388-00057576": "bury these cables right there's a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00251-00057577-00057801": "process involved in laying them and they", "0C2G1aXNsME-00252-00057802-00057991": "also have to be maintained okay so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00253-00057991-00058269": "putting them alongside the interstate", "0C2G1aXNsME-00254-00058270-00058411": "highway system makes a little bit of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00255-00058412-00058648": "sense right now there's features of the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00256-00058649-00058767": "interstate highway system that we try", "0C2G1aXNsME-00257-00058768-00058897": "not to duplicate with this so for", "0C2G1aXNsME-00258-00058898-00059076": "example you know how many of you ever", "0C2G1aXNsME-00259-00059077-00059296": "wondered about like why when I'm on a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00260-00059297-00059497": "highway just there kind of like go like", "0C2G1aXNsME-00261-00059498-00059754": "this why don't highways just go straight", "0C2G1aXNsME-00262-00059755-00060012": "it's like you know I'm going straight to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00263-00060013-00060204": "Chicago why does in 57 just run straight", "0C2G1aXNsME-00264-00060205-00060304": "to Chicago", "0C2G1aXNsME-00265-00060304-00060709": "like dead straight no turns the reason", "0C2G1aXNsME-00266-00060710-00060904": "for that is actually because of you if", "0C2G1aXNsME-00267-00060904-00061096": "we do that you guys get so distracted", "0C2G1aXNsME-00268-00061097-00061249": "while driving you fall asleep you know", "0C2G1aXNsME-00269-00061250-00061465": "whatever right I'm serious so highway", "0C2G1aXNsME-00270-00061466-00061603": "designers build in a little bit of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00271-00061604-00061929": "undulation in order to keep you alert", "0C2G1aXNsME-00272-00061930-00062169": "right that's why we do this there are", "0C2G1aXNsME-00273-00062170-00062325": "some sections of highways that are", "0C2G1aXNsME-00274-00062326-00062613": "really dead straight and I've read", "0C2G1aXNsME-00275-00062614-00062710": "things like you know there are higher", "0C2G1aXNsME-00276-00062711-00062907": "accident rates there because people get", "0C2G1aXNsME-00277-00062908-00063196": "distracted right all right now", "0C2G1aXNsME-00278-00063197-00063379": "okay so here's another question those", "0C2G1aXNsME-00279-00063379-00063624": "interstate highways if you there's an", "0C2G1aXNsME-00280-00063625-00063867": "older map right so there's another map I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00281-00063868-00064153": "can overlay on here that's also gonna", "0C2G1aXNsME-00282-00064154-00064305": "line up with that anybody know what that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00283-00064306-00064504": "is so this does match up with some of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00284-00064504-00064632": "the interstate highways not all of them", "0C2G1aXNsME-00285-00064633-00064830": "but some of them the interstate highways", "0C2G1aXNsME-00286-00064831-00065007": "themselves were many cases laid out to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00287-00065008-00065260": "follow if you've driven 57 up to Chicago", "0C2G1aXNsME-00288-00065261-00065466": "what do you notice alongside you for a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00289-00065467-00065874": "good part of the route railroad yeah", "0C2G1aXNsME-00290-00065875-00066097": "there's a train line there so this is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00291-00066098-00066379": "like we're actually fought the Internet", "0C2G1aXNsME-00292-00066380-00066709": "it's actually following paths that were", "0C2G1aXNsME-00293-00066710-00066910": "laid out hundreds of years ago across", "0C2G1aXNsME-00294-00066911-00067050": "the country we made decisions about", "0C2G1aXNsME-00295-00067051-00067159": "where to put railroads", "0C2G1aXNsME-00296-00067160-00067309": "those decisions guided where the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00297-00067310-00067506": "highways we're gonna go those decisions", "0C2G1aXNsME-00298-00067507-00067603": "have guided where we're going to put", "0C2G1aXNsME-00299-00067604-00067743": "Internet infrastructure it's kind of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00300-00067744-00067992": "cool all right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00301-00067993-00068353": "this is also the case when you talk", "0C2G1aXNsME-00302-00068354-00068618": "about Internet connections that span", "0C2G1aXNsME-00303-00068619-00069000": "that span continents okay so again I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00304-00069001-00069126": "just want to make this very clear", "0C2G1aXNsME-00305-00069127-00069249": "because I think for some of you this may", "0C2G1aXNsME-00306-00069250-00069541": "be surprising there are cables this is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00307-00069542-00069957": "all done with wires there is a wire so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00308-00069958-00070147": "if you want it to actually follow the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00309-00070148-00070462": "path of your data from here to Facebook", "0C2G1aXNsME-00310-00070463-00070512": "or Twitter", "0C2G1aXNsME-00311-00070513-00070722": "or Instagram or whatever server you're", "0C2G1aXNsME-00312-00070723-00070944": "communicating with there is a wire in", "0C2G1aXNsME-00313-00070945-00071160": "this building right there's one that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00314-00071161-00071328": "comes right out of this router over here", "0C2G1aXNsME-00315-00071329-00071586": "so we could start with this router if I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00316-00071587-00071736": "pull this off the wall which I'm not", "0C2G1aXNsME-00317-00071737-00071910": "gonna do because Greg will get mad at me", "0C2G1aXNsME-00318-00071911-00072228": "there's a wire behind if I follow that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00319-00072229-00072438": "wire your data is travelling along that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00320-00072439-00072636": "wire until it meets somewhere in this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00321-00072637-00072873": "building there's gonna be a locked", "0C2G1aXNsME-00322-00072874-00073062": "cabinet that's gonna have a bunch of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00323-00073063-00073260": "pieces of equipment in it that's where", "0C2G1aXNsME-00324-00073261-00073401": "that wire leads and then if I follow", "0C2G1aXNsME-00325-00073402-00073546": "that there's another wire that leads out", "0C2G1aXNsME-00326-00073547-00073719": "of that if I follow that wire there's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00327-00073720-00073828": "another live why are the leads out of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00328-00073829-00074106": "that you're gonna be on a wire from", "0C2G1aXNsME-00329-00074107-00074365": "wherever you are from this router all", "0C2G1aXNsME-00330-00074366-00074673": "the way to a server in some big", "0C2G1aXNsME-00331-00074674-00074868": "warehouse full of computers somewhere in", "0C2G1aXNsME-00332-00074869-00075243": "the world if your traffic spans a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00333-00075244-00075421": "continent if you're communicating with a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00334-00075422-00075618": "server that's actually located in", "0C2G1aXNsME-00335-00075619-00076065": "England or Australia then you get to go", "0C2G1aXNsME-00336-00076066-00076380": "underwater alright so then we actually", "0C2G1aXNsME-00337-00076381-00076569": "start to go on these undersea cables so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00338-00076570-00076731": "you can see here again you know these", "0C2G1aXNsME-00339-00076732-00076938": "are very us centric maps I realized so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00340-00076939-00077124": "here's a map of the United States and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00341-00077125-00077442": "this is a map showing all or at least a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00342-00077443-00077790": "lot of the overseas cables that we have", "0C2G1aXNsME-00343-00077791-00078075": "pulled to enable Internet communication", "0C2G1aXNsME-00344-00078076-00078315": "across these long distances so there is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00345-00078316-00078571": "a cable that runs like from somewhere on", "0C2G1aXNsME-00346-00078572-00078744": "the East Coast of the United States and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00347-00078745-00078963": "a bunch of these cables run across and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00348-00078964-00079165": "terminate in a bunch of places on the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00349-00079166-00079747": "west coast of Europe right and you know", "0C2G1aXNsME-00350-00079748-00080022": "putting these down is pretty much how", "0C2G1aXNsME-00351-00080023-00080278": "you would expect there's a boat that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00352-00080279-00080619": "sails from one port to another and it's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00353-00080620-00080910": "got literally a big reel at the back and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00354-00080911-00081243": "as it's sailing across the ocean it's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00355-00081244-00081510": "unraveling it's unspooling cable behind", "0C2G1aXNsME-00356-00081511-00081801": "it right which then floats down to the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00357-00081802-00082096": "ocean floor or however deep it it sinks", "0C2G1aXNsME-00358-00082097-00082309": "and lays there for you know tens or", "0C2G1aXNsME-00359-00082310-00082488": "hundreds of years some of these oversea", "0C2G1aXNsME-00360-00082489-00082677": "cables have been in operation for", "0C2G1aXNsME-00361-00082678-00083047": "decades okay see I don't have pictures", "0C2G1aXNsME-00362-00083048-00083313": "of this but it's actually really I find", "0C2G1aXNsME-00363-00083314-00083454": "this stuff really fascinating i like", "0C2G1aXNsME-00364-00083455-00083826": "infrastructure but if you if you want to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00365-00083827-00083904": "find the play", "0C2G1aXNsME-00366-00083905-00084144": "where these so somewhere somewhere on", "0C2G1aXNsME-00367-00084145-00084396": "the eastern seaboard is a place where", "0C2G1aXNsME-00368-00084397-00084603": "this cable comes out of the water right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00369-00084604-00084972": "it's got to come out somewhere there are", "0C2G1aXNsME-00370-00084973-00085097": "typically these very nondescript", "0C2G1aXNsME-00371-00085098-00085308": "buildings that they build around these", "0C2G1aXNsME-00372-00085309-00085512": "because these are sort of sensitive", "0C2G1aXNsME-00373-00085513-00085677": "sites like you if you were a terrorist", "0C2G1aXNsME-00374-00085678-00085785": "and you wanted to attack the United", "0C2G1aXNsME-00375-00085786-00086010": "States and and knock down our", "0C2G1aXNsME-00376-00086011-00086163": "communications infrastructure", "0C2G1aXNsME-00377-00086164-00086361": "knocking an oversea cable off line might", "0C2G1aXNsME-00378-00086362-00086553": "be something that you would try to do so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00379-00086554-00086700": "there's not like a big sign that says", "0C2G1aXNsME-00380-00086701-00087003": "oversea cable internet here right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00381-00087004-00087165": "instead in some places I've actually", "0C2G1aXNsME-00382-00087166-00087330": "built buildings that are designed to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00383-00087331-00087570": "look like apartment buildings from the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00384-00087571-00087882": "outside except nobody lives there and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00385-00087883-00088026": "there's only ever one car in the parking", "0C2G1aXNsME-00386-00088027-00088212": "lot and what's inside that building is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00387-00088213-00088410": "the place where the cable comes up and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00388-00088411-00088551": "then hooks in to other parts of the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00389-00088552-00088761": "Internet infrastructure you can I know", "0C2G1aXNsME-00390-00088762-00088923": "it's sort of easy to identify these", "0C2G1aXNsME-00391-00088924-00089055": "buildings they have all sorts of coolers", "0C2G1aXNsME-00392-00089056-00089157": "on the top because there's lots of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00393-00089158-00089316": "electronics in there but in some places", "0C2G1aXNsME-00394-00089317-00089559": "they've at least try to put them put up", "0C2G1aXNsME-00395-00089560-00089778": "a facade to make it look like something", "0C2G1aXNsME-00396-00089779-00090518": "that it's not yeah question", "0C2G1aXNsME-00397-00090519-00090887": "no idea I think start over right so the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00398-00090888-00091001": "question is like how do you repair these", "0C2G1aXNsME-00399-00091002-00091322": "things so the the new ones I think are", "0C2G1aXNsME-00400-00091323-00091574": "probably much easier to take care of I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00401-00091575-00091734": "want to talk about why in a minute", "0C2G1aXNsME-00402-00091735-00091898": "there were older versions of these", "0C2G1aXNsME-00403-00091899-00092051": "cables where literally you actually had", "0C2G1aXNsME-00404-00092052-00092462": "to have vacuum tubes like every mile or", "0C2G1aXNsME-00405-00092463-00092618": "so and some of those are still running", "0C2G1aXNsME-00406-00092619-00092786": "right so some of this stuff is just", "0C2G1aXNsME-00407-00092787-00093053": "really in really good shape there's also", "0C2G1aXNsME-00408-00093054-00093224": "a lot of redundancy here so you can see", "0C2G1aXNsME-00409-00093225-00093416": "that there's a lot of cables that have", "0C2G1aXNsME-00410-00093417-00093597": "been pulled across the North Atlantic", "0C2G1aXNsME-00411-00093598-00093779": "for example there's a bunch of cables", "0C2G1aXNsME-00412-00093780-00093959": "now that have been pulled across the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00413-00093960-00094118": "Pacific Ocean that connect us with Asia", "0C2G1aXNsME-00414-00094119-00094337": "and other places right so if one of them", "0C2G1aXNsME-00415-00094338-00094505": "goes offline it's not necessarily the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00416-00094506-00094622": "end of the world there's enough spare", "0C2G1aXNsME-00417-00094623-00094975": "capacity to route around at this point", "0C2G1aXNsME-00418-00094976-00095219": "some of those companies that you have", "0C2G1aXNsME-00419-00095220-00095387": "heard of like Google and Facebook own", "0C2G1aXNsME-00420-00095388-00095669": "cables they've decided to actually start", "0C2G1aXNsME-00421-00095670-00095840": "establishing their own infrastructure so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00422-00095841-00096050": "they might own an entire cable or they", "0C2G1aXNsME-00423-00096051-00096278": "might own part of a cable right that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00424-00096279-00096467": "means that all of the data that travels", "0C2G1aXNsME-00425-00096468-00096759": "on that cable is from like one Google", "0C2G1aXNsME-00426-00096760-00096917": "data center to another cool data center", "0C2G1aXNsME-00427-00096918-00097043": "one Facebook data center to another", "0C2G1aXNsME-00428-00097044-00097247": "place today some of these big Internet", "0C2G1aXNsME-00429-00097248-00097367": "companies have started to move so much", "0C2G1aXNsME-00430-00097368-00097578": "data that it's actually made sense for", "0C2G1aXNsME-00431-00097579-00097740": "them to start investing directly in the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00432-00097741-00097897": "infrastructure that they need to do that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00433-00097898-00098322": "all right so what are these cables okay", "0C2G1aXNsME-00434-00098323-00098501": "so here's the other really support these", "0C2G1aXNsME-00435-00098502-00098651": "are the things that sort of surprised me", "0C2G1aXNsME-00436-00098652-00098768": "when I started learning about this stuff", "0C2G1aXNsME-00437-00098769-00098928": "right I hope they'll surprise you what", "0C2G1aXNsME-00438-00098929-00099331": "well that's cool again it's the one time", "0C2G1aXNsME-00439-00099332-00099716": "all right here's a fiber-optic cable", "0C2G1aXNsME-00440-00099717-00100067": "right this is you know on some level", "0C2G1aXNsME-00441-00100068-00100217": "kind of a mock-up of what these", "0C2G1aXNsME-00442-00100218-00100442": "underseas cables look like right so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00443-00100443-00100598": "you've got an outer sheath you've got a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00444-00100599-00100817": "bunch of these individual cables inside", "0C2G1aXNsME-00445-00100818-00101216": "and what material is what are the little", "0C2G1aXNsME-00446-00101217-00101432": "threads that are poking out of there", "0C2G1aXNsME-00447-00101433-00101837": "anybody know fiber-optic cable made out", "0C2G1aXNsME-00448-00101838-00102143": "of I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00449-00102144-00102415": "dick glass yeah so the individual fiber", "0C2G1aXNsME-00450-00102416-00102563": "is very hard to see it's probably easier", "0C2G1aXNsME-00451-00102564-00102713": "to see in front of you that a running", "0C2G1aXNsME-00452-00102714-00102991": "these are glass and actually so if you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00453-00102992-00103303": "go to there's an in upstate New York", "0C2G1aXNsME-00454-00103304-00103444": "I should something it's in western New", "0C2G1aXNsME-00455-00103445-00103804": "York there's the Corning company so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00456-00103805-00104017": "Corning is an old company and for years", "0C2G1aXNsME-00457-00104018-00104239": "and years they made glass for things", "0C2G1aXNsME-00458-00104240-00104614": "like plate ware and cups and saucers and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00459-00104615-00104825": "stuff like that right so you might think", "0C2G1aXNsME-00460-00104826-00105036": "like this is it really a growth industry", "0C2G1aXNsME-00461-00105038-00105343": "but if you go to the Corning Factory now", "0C2G1aXNsME-00462-00105344-00105638": "they have like this incredible visitor", "0C2G1aXNsME-00463-00105639-00105806": "center it's just like dripping with", "0C2G1aXNsME-00464-00105807-00106165": "money cornea now is making their money", "0C2G1aXNsME-00465-00106166-00106352": "buy because they are one of the only", "0C2G1aXNsME-00466-00106353-00106496": "companies in the world that can make", "0C2G1aXNsME-00467-00106497-00106745": "glass of high enough quality to use in", "0C2G1aXNsME-00468-00106746-00107011": "fiber optic cables and actually there's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00469-00107013-00107236": "actually at least a few years ago there", "0C2G1aXNsME-00470-00107238-00107359": "was actually a bit of a shortage of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00471-00107360-00107508": "fiber optic cable because we were", "0C2G1aXNsME-00472-00107509-00107761": "running so much of it to try to build", "0C2G1aXNsME-00473-00107763-00107911": "out the internet and make it faster and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00474-00107913-00108098": "allow it to carry more data and some of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00475-00108099-00108208": "the companies couldn't keep up with it", "0C2G1aXNsME-00476-00108209-00108464": "actually there are really really high", "0C2G1aXNsME-00477-00108465-00108695": "cost facilities that you need to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00478-00108696-00108947": "maintain to make glasses of this quality", "0C2G1aXNsME-00479-00108948-00109108": "so just so you understand this isn't the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00480-00109109-00109319": "glasses and the doors of fallen tour", "0C2G1aXNsME-00481-00109320-00109483": "it's not the glass that's on the screen", "0C2G1aXNsME-00482-00109484-00109711": "of your iPhone this is really this has", "0C2G1aXNsME-00483-00109713-00109925": "to be very very very high quality very", "0C2G1aXNsME-00484-00109926-00110270": "clear very pure I to allow signals to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00485-00110271-00110549": "travel in it for long periods so here", "0C2G1aXNsME-00486-00110550-00110899": "this is what these cables actually are", "0C2G1aXNsME-00487-00110900-00111166": "so and actually the other thing that's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00488-00111167-00111431": "cool about the about glass is that you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00489-00111432-00111656": "find fiber optic cables way quicker than", "0C2G1aXNsME-00490-00111657-00111722": "you would think", "0C2G1aXNsME-00491-00111723-00111944": "so in any building so again let's go", "0C2G1aXNsME-00492-00111945-00112223": "back to thinking about this router so if", "0C2G1aXNsME-00493-00112224-00112382": "I pulled this router off the wall the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00494-00112383-00112546": "cable behind it is going to be copper", "0C2G1aXNsME-00495-00112547-00112850": "that cable can only run about a hundred", "0C2G1aXNsME-00496-00112851-00113120": "meters before it has to have this the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00497-00113121-00113294": "signal has to be refreshed it has to be", "0C2G1aXNsME-00498-00113295-00113533": "amplified and so usually what we'll find", "0C2G1aXNsME-00499-00113534-00113747": "is that somewhere in this building is a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00500-00113748-00113963": "switch that takes those copper cables in", "0C2G1aXNsME-00501-00113964-00114224": "and what comes out oh come on don't do", "0C2G1aXNsME-00502-00114225-00114446": "that thank you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00503-00114447-00114875": "what comes out is glass so there are", "0C2G1aXNsME-00504-00114876-00115058": "fiber optics in this building all right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00505-00115058-00115271": "those fiber optics run probably through", "0C2G1aXNsME-00506-00115272-00115435": "some sort of maintenance tunnel to some", "0C2G1aXNsME-00507-00115436-00115517": "other building", "0C2G1aXNsME-00508-00115518-00115700": "this where they meet up with other fiber", "0C2G1aXNsME-00509-00115701-00115988": "optics and then the things so I actually", "0C2G1aXNsME-00510-00115989-00116260": "got a chance to tour this at the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00511-00116261-00116489": "University I used to work at and you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00512-00116490-00116807": "know you guys use a lot of data right I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00513-00116808-00116911": "mean that's fun thing about being in", "0C2G1aXNsME-00514-00116913-00117020": "college you guys could to browse the web", "0C2G1aXNsME-00515-00117021-00117245": "all the time so you would assume that's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00516-00117246-00117395": "somewhere right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00517-00117396-00117590": "it's sort of like you but problems we", "0C2G1aXNsME-00518-00117591-00117760": "think about data like water right we", "0C2G1aXNsME-00519-00117761-00117892": "would assume that somewhere on campus", "0C2G1aXNsME-00520-00117893-00118202": "there's like a really thick cable that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00521-00118203-00118384": "we need to carry all of the data that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00522-00118385-00118715": "you guys use right we make sense right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00523-00118716-00118865": "everyone here is browsing the web all", "0C2G1aXNsME-00524-00118866-00119033": "the time you guys are like streaming", "0C2G1aXNsME-00525-00119033-00119276": "movies and doing all this stuff that's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00526-00119277-00119456": "like uses crazy amounts of data", "0C2G1aXNsME-00527-00119457-00119720": "shouldn't there be some like thick you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00528-00119721-00119930": "know cable maybe like even like this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00529-00119931-00120275": "right so it turns out that all of the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00530-00120276-00120460": "traffic for a university of this size", "0C2G1aXNsME-00531-00120461-00120683": "can be carried on just a couple of very", "0C2G1aXNsME-00532-00120683-00120878": "very thin pieces of fiber-optic cable", "0C2G1aXNsME-00533-00120879-00121124": "that stuff it's so good it's such high", "0C2G1aXNsME-00534-00121125-00121307": "capacity that you would be shocked to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00535-00121308-00121565": "find that somewhere at the edge of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00536-00121566-00121853": "campus is like a pipe that has like I'm", "0C2G1aXNsME-00537-00121854-00122099": "gonna wire going into it and that has", "0C2G1aXNsME-00538-00122100-00122288": "all the data for the entire campus", "0C2G1aXNsME-00539-00122289-00122525": "traveling across right and that goes up", "0C2G1aXNsME-00540-00122526-00122758": "to the city of Champaign maybe where it", "0C2G1aXNsME-00541-00122759-00122915": "meets up with another cable I suspected", "0C2G1aXNsME-00542-00122916-00123041": "our traffic eventually gets up to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00543-00123042-00123186": "Chicago and then from there who knows", "0C2G1aXNsME-00544-00123188-00123467": "all right so here are the things to take", "0C2G1aXNsME-00545-00123468-00123671": "away from this okay we're gonna talk", "0C2G1aXNsME-00546-00123672-00123794": "about wireless infrastructure in a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00547-00123795-00123992": "minute but most of the infrastructure", "0C2G1aXNsME-00548-00123993-00124223": "that we've had to create to support this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00549-00124224-00124406": "computer network right this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00550-00124407-00124613": "transformative you know way of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00551-00124614-00124783": "connecting everybody on earth is wired", "0C2G1aXNsME-00552-00124784-00125228": "this is real physical stuff Wireless is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00553-00125229-00125405": "mainly used at the very edge of the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00554-00125406-00125597": "network so today most of the time the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00555-00125598-00125750": "way you guys connect to the internet", "0C2G1aXNsME-00556-00125751-00125873": "whether it's through your phone or", "0C2G1aXNsME-00557-00125874-00126005": "whether it's through your laptop is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00558-00126006-00126197": "through some sort of wireless connection", "0C2G1aXNsME-00559-00126198-00126413": "right so I've got routers in here this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00560-00126414-00126554": "in case you don't know is a wireless", "0C2G1aXNsME-00561-00126555-00126736": "router you can see there's about a dozen", "0C2G1aXNsME-00562-00126738-00126941": "that are arrayed throughout fold injure", "0C2G1aXNsME-00563-00126942-00127265": "to provide coverage this building", "0C2G1aXNsME-00564-00127266-00127457": "they're all over campus right this is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00565-00127458-00127667": "Wi-Fi infrastructure right there are", "0C2G1aXNsME-00566-00127668-00127853": "like billions of Wi-Fi access points", "0C2G1aXNsME-00567-00127854-00127979": "that people have set up various places", "0C2G1aXNsME-00568-00127980-00128165": "with your phone you connect to a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00569-00128166-00128252": "different type of wireless", "0C2G1aXNsME-00570-00128253-00128396": "infrastructure that will talk about the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00571-00128397-00128747": "sex but that's mainly the first hop past", "0C2G1aXNsME-00572-00128748-00128903": "that point most of the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00573-00128904-00129125": "rest of the communications are over", "0C2G1aXNsME-00574-00129126-00129358": "wired infrastructure right and so you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00575-00129359-00129610": "can think about all of the investments", "0C2G1aXNsME-00576-00129611-00129736": "we've had to make and physical", "0C2G1aXNsME-00577-00129738-00129881": "infrastructure to support this system", "0C2G1aXNsME-00578-00129882-00130157": "right that's what's so cool and then", "0C2G1aXNsME-00579-00130158-00130397": "again most of that wired most of those", "0C2G1aXNsME-00580-00130398-00130595": "wired connections most of the duration", "0C2G1aXNsME-00581-00130596-00130826": "of those are over glass as soon as", "0C2G1aXNsME-00582-00130827-00131003": "possible you get to fiber-optic cable it", "0C2G1aXNsME-00583-00131004-00131258": "is so much higher bandwidth it requires", "0C2G1aXNsME-00584-00131259-00131474": "so much less infrastructure right so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00585-00131475-00131789": "those long you know hundred mile cables", "0C2G1aXNsME-00586-00131790-00132026": "we were talking about before there's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00587-00132027-00132200": "really no way that we could run those", "0C2G1aXNsME-00588-00132201-00132437": "using copper it would just require too", "0C2G1aXNsME-00589-00132438-00132626": "much infrastructure whereas a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00590-00132627-00132827": "fiber-optic cable can carry a signal for", "0C2G1aXNsME-00591-00132828-00133133": "miles with very little loss of signal", "0C2G1aXNsME-00592-00133134-00133304": "very little degradation so the signals", "0C2G1aXNsME-00593-00133305-00133481": "can go a long way before they have to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00594-00133482-00133604": "hit some other piece of infrastructure", "0C2G1aXNsME-00595-00133605-00134012": "and get refreshed all right so I mean", "0C2G1aXNsME-00596-00134013-00134141": "again if you think about things that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00597-00134142-00134351": "have enabled the internet other than the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00598-00134352-00134504": "work of some extremely clever computer", "0C2G1aXNsME-00599-00134505-00134630": "scientists that we're about to talk", "0C2G1aXNsME-00600-00134631-00134924": "about glass fiber optic cable I mean if", "0C2G1aXNsME-00601-00134925-00135074": "we didn't have that we could not have", "0C2G1aXNsME-00602-00135075-00135224": "built the Internet right it would just", "0C2G1aXNsME-00603-00135225-00135794": "have been cost way too much okay so any", "0C2G1aXNsME-00604-00135795-00135953": "kind if you guys want to see this I did", "0C2G1aXNsME-00605-00135954-00136097": "this I thought it was kind of fun there", "0C2G1aXNsME-00606-00136098-00136259": "these are links to videos that I did it", "0C2G1aXNsME-00607-00136260-00136490": "at UB so essentially we kind of like", "0C2G1aXNsME-00608-00136491-00136718": "started at a router or at a jack in the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00609-00136719-00136886": "wall and we kind of watched through the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00610-00136887-00137099": "process of getting off campus and you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00611-00137100-00137243": "could do that here too right if you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00612-00137244-00137357": "could find the right person to talk to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00613-00137358-00137552": "right there's somebody who could let me", "0C2G1aXNsME-00614-00137553-00137732": "into the networking closet here and then", "0C2G1aXNsME-00615-00137733-00137861": "there would be a wire that runs out no", "0C2G1aXNsME-00616-00137862-00137987": "maybe over to the Union and there's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00617-00137988-00138170": "another closet there and then we could", "0C2G1aXNsME-00618-00138171-00138323": "follow that all the way off off of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00619-00138324-00138461": "campus and then that person would also", "0C2G1aXNsME-00620-00138462-00138656": "know like where the data goes after that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00621-00138657-00139040": "point all right all right so we talked a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00622-00139041-00139400": "little bit about Wi-Fi right and though", "0C2G1aXNsME-00623-00139401-00139547": "you know that's something that's you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00624-00139548-00139742": "guys are I think are kind of used to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00625-00139743-00139922": "seeing around right these ubiquitous", "0C2G1aXNsME-00626-00139923-00140177": "Wi-Fi router right this is short", "0C2G1aXNsME-00627-00140178-00140513": "distance wireless infrastructure well I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00628-00140514-00140681": "think some of you have not learned to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00629-00140682-00140911": "identify which is also kind of cool is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00630-00140912-00141158": "the connections that your phones are", "0C2G1aXNsME-00631-00141159-00141416": "using when they're outdoors so Wi-Fi is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00632-00141417-00141662": "mainly used to establish connectivity", "0C2G1aXNsME-00633-00141663-00141848": "indoors although if you go to some", "0C2G1aXNsME-00634-00141849-00141983": "cities in Europe in some places the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00635-00141984-00142088": "United States you can actually find", "0C2G1aXNsME-00636-00142089-00142271": "Wi-Fi like in public parks", "0C2G1aXNsME-00637-00142272-00142661": "New York City or Chicago right but what", "0C2G1aXNsME-00638-00142662-00142814": "are these what says what are these", "0C2G1aXNsME-00639-00142815-00142990": "cellular data connections how they were", "0C2G1aXNsME-00640-00142991-00143381": "how are those set up right okay so how", "0C2G1aXNsME-00641-00143382-00143498": "many people have ever seen something", "0C2G1aXNsME-00642-00143499-00143657": "like this notice something like this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00643-00143658-00143815": "I've been driving around particularly", "0C2G1aXNsME-00644-00143816-00144269": "long highways this is a cell tower okay", "0C2G1aXNsME-00645-00144270-00144637": "the these things right here are", "0C2G1aXNsME-00646-00144638-00144839": "basically kind of the equivalent of this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00647-00144840-00145022": "guy except they're a little bit", "0C2G1aXNsME-00648-00145023-00145106": "different they operate in a different", "0C2G1aXNsME-00649-00145107-00145376": "frequency range and the protocols they", "0C2G1aXNsME-00650-00145377-00145489": "used to connect to clients are a little", "0C2G1aXNsME-00651-00145490-00145615": "bit different but these are cellular", "0C2G1aXNsME-00652-00145616-00145811": "radios okay they're hooked up to the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00653-00145812-00145943": "tower you'll see they're always", "0C2G1aXNsME-00654-00145944-00146069": "connected so there's something", "0C2G1aXNsME-00655-00146070-00146288": "distinctive about this tower right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00656-00146289-00146477": "anyone noticed this this this is not", "0C2G1aXNsME-00657-00146478-00146766": "unusual to see but there's something", "0C2G1aXNsME-00658-00146767-00146945": "what's distinctive about this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00659-00146946-00147185": "geometrically if you've ever seen this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00660-00147186-00147281": "this is one of the ways that you can", "0C2G1aXNsME-00661-00147282-00147551": "identify these though what's typically", "0C2G1aXNsME-00662-00147552-00147703": "true about them this is not always true", "0C2G1aXNsME-00663-00147704-00147899": "you go to a city sometimes you find", "0C2G1aXNsME-00664-00147900-00148228": "these wireless routers just attached to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00665-00148229-00148378": "a side of a building or something like", "0C2G1aXNsME-00666-00148379-00148586": "that right some building owners will", "0C2G1aXNsME-00667-00148587-00148877": "rent space to a cell company to put up", "0C2G1aXNsME-00668-00148878-00149018": "infrastructure on their building to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00669-00149019-00149225": "provide service to a particular area but", "0C2G1aXNsME-00670-00149226-00149462": "particularly out in space right you know", "0C2G1aXNsME-00671-00149463-00149777": "out in the hinterland right where we're", "0C2G1aXNsME-00672-00149778-00149951": "located what do you what's true about", "0C2G1aXNsME-00673-00149952-00150389": "most of these towers there's something", "0C2G1aXNsME-00674-00150390-00150541": "in common about them that should give", "0C2G1aXNsME-00675-00150542-00150881": "you a clue about how how the cell system", "0C2G1aXNsME-00676-00150882-00151316": "is set up you can notice this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00677-00151317-00151898": "see it twice here yeah yeah I've got", "0C2G1aXNsME-00678-00151899-00152174": "this equilateral triangle right these", "0C2G1aXNsME-00679-00152175-00152390": "towers almost always have this feature", "0C2G1aXNsME-00680-00152391-00152585": "so you can see I've got one at the base", "0C2G1aXNsME-00681-00152586-00152741": "of the tower that's configured one way", "0C2G1aXNsME-00682-00152742-00152942": "and I've got a second one a little", "0C2G1aXNsME-00683-00152943-00153065": "higher up the tower that's configured", "0C2G1aXNsME-00684-00153066-00153173": "another way and these are actually", "0C2G1aXNsME-00685-00153174-00153305": "probably two different cellular", "0C2G1aXNsME-00686-00153306-00153521": "providers one of those might be sprint", "0C2G1aXNsME-00687-00153522-00153944": "the other one might be AT&T why are they", "0C2G1aXNsME-00688-00153945-00154133": "equilateral well I don't have a good", "0C2G1aXNsME-00689-00154134-00154355": "picture of this unfortunately but if you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00690-00154356-00154586": "it turns out if you want to cover as", "0C2G1aXNsME-00691-00154587-00155015": "much space with as few towers as", "0C2G1aXNsME-00692-00155016-00155243": "possible the right way to do this is to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00693-00155244-00155411": "have every cell look like an equal outer", "0C2G1aXNsME-00694-00155412-00155759": "hatch agon and that allows you to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00695-00155760-00155981": "basically tile so it's like tessellation", "0C2G1aXNsME-00696-00155982-00156194": "right I'm tiling the entire surface of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00697-00156195-00156521": "Illinois trying to make sure that at any", "0C2G1aXNsME-00698-00156522-00156695": "given point you're within range of one", "0C2G1aXNsME-00699-00156696-00156827": "of these towers so that you can get", "0C2G1aXNsME-00700-00156828-00157127": "serviced if you do that the places where", "0C2G1aXNsME-00701-00157128-00157310": "each hexagon comes together", "0C2G1aXNsME-00702-00157311-00157565": "are these equilateral triangles so this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00703-00157566-00157808": "tower is serving three cells it has", "0C2G1aXNsME-00704-00157809-00157982": "antennas that are pointed this way this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00705-00157983-00158240": "is for company a right is that tennis", "0C2G1aXNsME-00706-00158241-00158381": "pointed this way that serve one cell", "0C2G1aXNsME-00707-00158382-00158513": "there's a tennis pointed this way that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00708-00158514-00158690": "sort of another cell and InnoCentive", "0C2G1aXNsME-00709-00158691-00158798": "pointed that way that sort of three", "0C2G1aXNsME-00710-00158799-00159041": "cells that sort of a third cell so these", "0C2G1aXNsME-00711-00159042-00159235": "towers are actually positioned where", "0C2G1aXNsME-00712-00159236-00159470": "three different cells come together", "0C2G1aXNsME-00713-00159471-00159905": "that's the goal right now what's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00714-00159906-00160040": "interesting about this of course is that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00715-00160041-00160184": "you know these two companies have not", "0C2G1aXNsME-00716-00160185-00160466": "agreed on what the best way is to divide", "0C2G1aXNsME-00717-00160467-00160649": "up whatever part of the country this is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00718-00160650-00160852": "in because you can see that the two", "0C2G1aXNsME-00719-00160853-00161134": "parts of the the two triangles are", "0C2G1aXNsME-00720-00161135-00161369": "aligned differently right so that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00721-00161370-00161516": "probably means that you know they", "0C2G1aXNsME-00722-00161517-00161660": "probably agree to put the tower in this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00723-00161661-00161795": "place it's kind of a compromise between", "0C2G1aXNsME-00724-00161796-00161975": "the two of them but they've turned", "0C2G1aXNsME-00725-00161976-00162152": "they've decided to divide up space a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00726-00162153-00162431": "little bit differently all right so and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00727-00162432-00162707": "this is actually I mean in previous", "0C2G1aXNsME-00728-00162708-00162863": "years I mean you guys are so used to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00729-00162864-00163040": "this right but you know that was the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00730-00163041-00163205": "second big evolution they and the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00731-00163206-00163406": "internet went through and that's I think", "0C2G1aXNsME-00732-00163407-00163574": "really what made it so ubiquitous right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00733-00163575-00163784": "it's now all this wireless connectivity", "0C2G1aXNsME-00734-00163785-00163943": "that we've built out this is also", "0C2G1aXNsME-00735-00163944-00164054": "required an enormous amount of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00736-00164055-00164195": "infrastructure", "0C2G1aXNsME-00737-00164196-00164406": "so both these short-range wireless", "0C2G1aXNsME-00738-00164407-00164603": "connections that you use that we refer", "0C2G1aXNsME-00739-00164604-00164801": "to typically as Wi-Fi and then", "0C2G1aXNsME-00740-00164802-00164966": "medium-range wireless connections that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00741-00164967-00165140": "we set up that are set up typically and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00742-00165141-00165386": "operated by cellular providers right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00743-00165387-00165501": "okay", "0C2G1aXNsME-00744-00165502-00165906": "and so what is this all result in all", "0C2G1aXNsME-00745-00165907-00166149": "right so here is this is this is a cool", "0C2G1aXNsME-00746-00166150-00166398": "animation so this is essentially showing", "0C2G1aXNsME-00747-00166399-00166851": "an animation that's estimating Internet", "0C2G1aXNsME-00748-00166852-00167114": "activity in different parts of the world", "0C2G1aXNsME-00749-00167115-00167460": "by time of day right so if you watch", "0C2G1aXNsME-00750-00167461-00167763": "this right so here is probably morning", "0C2G1aXNsME-00751-00167764-00168072": "in the United States right now we're", "0C2G1aXNsME-00752-00168073-00168195": "into evening things get a little bit", "0C2G1aXNsME-00753-00168196-00168613": "more quiet and then here's morning again", "0C2G1aXNsME-00754-00168614-00168866": "there were there were periods of time in", "0C2G1aXNsME-00755-00168867-00168981": "this country where they were actually", "0C2G1aXNsME-00756-00168982-00169176": "these massive email spikes when people", "0C2G1aXNsME-00757-00169177-00169364": "got to work like everybody gets to work", "0C2G1aXNsME-00758-00169365-00169502": "at nine o'clock the first thing to do is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00759-00169503-00169668": "check their email I suspect that's not", "0C2G1aXNsME-00760-00169669-00169773": "is true anymore because people are", "0C2G1aXNsME-00761-00169774-00169995": "checking email all the time right and so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00762-00169996-00170145": "there's probably a little bit more", "0C2G1aXNsME-00763-00170146-00170421": "spread out right but what do you notice", "0C2G1aXNsME-00764-00170422-00170639": "about this map right if you just look at", "0C2G1aXNsME-00765-00170640-00170982": "this I think this this is it this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00766-00170983-00171254": "graphic is a couple years old but it's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00767-00171255-00171663": "probably not that far off today what do", "0C2G1aXNsME-00768-00171664-00171959": "you notice about this but what can you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00769-00171960-00172202": "what are some observations about the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00770-00172203-00172604": "internet and how the Internet has", "0C2G1aXNsME-00771-00172605-00172809": "propagated that you can make from", "0C2G1aXNsME-00772-00172810-00173339": "looking at this yeah yeah so so it does", "0C2G1aXNsME-00773-00173340-00173513": "favor populous areas right so if I look", "0C2G1aXNsME-00774-00173514-00173718": "at this I can see like so for example", "0C2G1aXNsME-00775-00173719-00173981": "has anyone ever been to Australia before", "0C2G1aXNsME-00776-00173982-00174222": "so like nobody lives in the middle of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00777-00174223-00174396": "Australia right it's like a desert there", "0C2G1aXNsME-00778-00174397-00174510": "goes on for hundreds of miles", "0C2G1aXNsME-00779-00174511-00174810": "right so most of the population of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00780-00174811-00175020": "Australia lives on the west coast so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00781-00175021-00175163": "this is actually pretty accurate right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00782-00175164-00175275": "there's a little chunk of people over", "0C2G1aXNsME-00783-00175276-00175478": "here but like there's one or two lights", "0C2G1aXNsME-00784-00175479-00175737": "in the middle here but there's there's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00785-00175738-00176100": "very little population there so on some", "0C2G1aXNsME-00786-00176101-00176256": "level this follows population but", "0C2G1aXNsME-00787-00176257-00176463": "there's a huge population center here", "0C2G1aXNsME-00788-00176464-00176931": "that is not reflective several of them", "0C2G1aXNsME-00789-00176932-00177030": "actually", "0C2G1aXNsME-00790-00177031-00177343": "right so you know so again if I look at", "0C2G1aXNsME-00791-00177344-00177517": "the United States I can kind of I look", "0C2G1aXNsME-00792-00177518-00177628": "at Australia I can kind of see that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00793-00177629-00177885": "nobody lives in this great desert here", "0C2G1aXNsME-00794-00177886-00178138": "Europe I can see kind of you know it's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00795-00178139-00178359": "pretty densely populated throughout but", "0C2G1aXNsME-00796-00178360-00178615": "but what else what else is this telling", "0C2G1aXNsME-00797-00178616-00179348": "me yeah", "0C2G1aXNsME-00798-00179349-00179554": "son it's not just that there's not data", "0C2G1aXNsME-00799-00179555-00179740": "I like I like that answer so the answer", "0C2G1aXNsME-00800-00179741-00179912": "was there's no data for Africa right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00801-00179913-00180052": "that's actually not the case right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00802-00180053-00180229": "there's very little internet penetration", "0C2G1aXNsME-00803-00180230-00180352": "in Africa", "0C2G1aXNsME-00804-00180353-00180494": "it's very little Internet usage so", "0C2G1aXNsME-00805-00180495-00180644": "that's a great point look at this this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00806-00180645-00180884": "is the most you know this most populous", "0C2G1aXNsME-00807-00180885-00181426": "continent and dark so at this point I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00808-00181427-00181571": "can't remember what the exact numbers", "0C2G1aXNsME-00809-00181572-00182099": "are they change frequently but I think", "0C2G1aXNsME-00810-00182100-00182375": "we're only to the point where like 60 or", "0C2G1aXNsME-00811-00182376-00182638": "65 percent of the population of the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00812-00182639-00183001": "earth has regular internet access okay", "0C2G1aXNsME-00813-00183002-00183382": "now you guys are very privileged to have", "0C2G1aXNsME-00814-00183383-00183664": "24/7 access to the Internet by regular", "0C2G1aXNsME-00815-00183665-00183875": "internet access what we mean is like", "0C2G1aXNsME-00816-00183876-00184094": "maybe once a day they might be at an", "0C2G1aXNsME-00817-00184095-00184262": "internet cafe or something like that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00818-00184263-00184457": "right that's what we mean by regular and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00819-00184458-00184646": "even based on that definition we're only", "0C2G1aXNsME-00820-00184647-00185420": "up to 65 percent what are the one the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00821-00185421-00185652": "wiped coast", "0C2G1aXNsME-00822-00185653-00185886": "oh yeah I don't know if these are just", "0C2G1aXNsME-00823-00185887-00186183": "done to help show like the boundaries of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00824-00186184-00186519": "the various contents right yeah I don't", "0C2G1aXNsME-00825-00186520-00186711": "think there's any that's a great", "0C2G1aXNsME-00826-00186712-00186828": "question I don't know why these are", "0C2G1aXNsME-00827-00186829-00187025": "white they're you know what actually I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00828-00187026-00187206": "bet I do know why these are white", "0C2G1aXNsME-00829-00187207-00187290": "because I think there's people living", "0C2G1aXNsME-00830-00187291-00187530": "there right if you were gonna live in", "0C2G1aXNsME-00831-00187531-00187728": "Greenland there's plenty of coastline", "0C2G1aXNsME-00832-00187729-00187884": "right isn't that where you're gonna live", "0C2G1aXNsME-00833-00187885-00188166": "right again I doubt very many people", "0C2G1aXNsME-00834-00188167-00188442": "live in the interior of green I suspect", "0C2G1aXNsME-00835-00188443-00188630": "this is actually probably following a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00836-00188631-00189126": "population so anyway you guys so the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00837-00189127-00189351": "exciting thing about this right I think", "0C2G1aXNsME-00838-00189352-00189576": "no I think that it's easy today", "0C2G1aXNsME-00839-00189577-00189807": "sometimes to feel like you guys are a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00840-00189808-00190029": "little late to this party where the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00841-00190030-00190214": "party is the internet but you're not", "0C2G1aXNsME-00842-00190215-00190452": "because there's still a third of the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00843-00190453-00190614": "earth a third of the world's population", "0C2G1aXNsME-00844-00190615-00190839": "that we haven't brought online yet and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00845-00190840-00191106": "those people are really interesting", "0C2G1aXNsME-00846-00191107-00191394": "Internet users those people are people", "0C2G1aXNsME-00847-00191395-00191601": "for who access to the Internet is gonna", "0C2G1aXNsME-00848-00191602-00191916": "totally change their lives all right you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00849-00191917-00192066": "know we've kind of everyone all the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00850-00192067-00192228": "brain people we've already hooked up to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00851-00192229-00192369": "the Internet all right all the first", "0C2G1aXNsME-00852-00192370-00192498": "world people and so my bad it's like", "0C2G1aXNsME-00853-00192499-00192690": "whatever okay now I can get better", "0C2G1aXNsME-00854-00192691-00192984": "access to Netflix you know but the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00855-00192985-00193134": "people out there that don't have regular", "0C2G1aXNsME-00856-00193135-00193404": "internet access this is the Internet's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00857-00193405-00193518": "going to be something that when they do", "0C2G1aXNsME-00858-00193519-00193743": "start to get connected to it is really", "0C2G1aXNsME-00859-00193744-00193959": "gonna have the potential to change their", "0C2G1aXNsME-00860-00193960-00194091": "lives and you guys will have a chance to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00861-00194092-00194583": "be involved in all right so here's the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00862-00194584-00194805": "thing right at the end of the day all", "0C2G1aXNsME-00863-00194806-00195072": "this work that we've done and actually", "0C2G1aXNsME-00864-00195073-00195186": "you know again I was think about this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00865-00195187-00195456": "this morning so he's sort of wondering", "0C2G1aXNsME-00866-00195457-00195729": "like what drives us as human beings all", "0C2G1aXNsME-00867-00195730-00195891": "right what drives us to do things right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00868-00195892-00196311": "why do we do like why do we build things", "0C2G1aXNsME-00869-00196312-00196593": "like this and yes it's true that the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00870-00196594-00196850": "Internet has made a lot of people rich", "0C2G1aXNsME-00871-00196851-00197265": "right but do you think about all the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00872-00197266-00197457": "work that's been done across the entire", "0C2G1aXNsME-00873-00197458-00197763": "globe to create this system I think", "0C2G1aXNsME-00874-00197764-00197892": "there's something deeper and more", "0C2G1aXNsME-00875-00197893-00198183": "fundamental going on than that I mean if", "0C2G1aXNsME-00876-00198184-00198339": "you're sitting here in this room you can", "0C2G1aXNsME-00877-00198340-00198855": "browse the website of countries with", "0C2G1aXNsME-00878-00198856-00199015": "which we do not have friendly relations", "0C2G1aXNsME-00879-00199016-00199393": "chips right but we've still decided hey", "0C2G1aXNsME-00880-00199394-00199609": "we should connect our networks together", "0C2G1aXNsME-00881-00199610-00199882": "right we should allow our citizens you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00882-00199883-00200041": "know in certain cases and there's plenty", "0C2G1aXNsME-00883-00200042-00200308": "of Internet censorship out there you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00884-00200309-00200476": "know but we should allow them to you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00885-00200477-00200638": "know use Facebook exchanged messages", "0C2G1aXNsME-00886-00200639-00200887": "with each other right I mean and I think", "0C2G1aXNsME-00887-00200888-00201043": "there again there's something very deep", "0C2G1aXNsME-00888-00201044-00201301": "and human about this effort right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00889-00201302-00201538": "because people human beings want to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00890-00201539-00201757": "communicate with each other and this is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00891-00201758-00202168": "the kind of a really beautiful example", "0C2G1aXNsME-00892-00202169-00202477": "of us working together across countries", "0C2G1aXNsME-00893-00202478-00202747": "across nations between friends and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00894-00202748-00202870": "enemies and in a variety of different", "0C2G1aXNsME-00895-00202871-00203002": "contexts to make something like this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00896-00203003-00203266": "happen so right now if you get online", "0C2G1aXNsME-00897-00203267-00203545": "you can potentially connect to billions", "0C2G1aXNsME-00898-00203546-00203800": "of other machines right through all the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00899-00203801-00203923": "shared infrastructure that we've built", "0C2G1aXNsME-00900-00203924-00204097": "right well it's the time your first", "0C2G1aXNsME-00901-00204098-00204313": "connection is wireless but at that point", "0C2G1aXNsME-00902-00204314-00204430": "there's a wire that you can literally", "0C2G1aXNsME-00903-00204431-00204771": "follow to the other person's computer", "0C2G1aXNsME-00904-00204772-00205215": "alright so so now we have this substrate", "0C2G1aXNsME-00905-00205216-00205552": "right we built these wires we have a way", "0C2G1aXNsME-00906-00205553-00205848": "to send electric signals electronic", "0C2G1aXNsME-00907-00205850-00206194": "signals from point A to point B but we", "0C2G1aXNsME-00908-00206194-00206308": "haven't actually answered the question", "0C2G1aXNsME-00909-00206309-00206446": "of how we're going to use this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00910-00206446-00206698": "capability to enable devices to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00911-00206698-00206857": "communicate with each other so this is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00912-00206858-00207076": "the second level so the at some level", "0C2G1aXNsME-00913-00207077-00207250": "the internet represents physical", "0C2G1aXNsME-00914-00207251-00207481": "infrastructure huge investment in", "0C2G1aXNsME-00915-00207482-00207778": "physical infrastructure but the other", "0C2G1aXNsME-00916-00207779-00208027": "thing we also have to do and again this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00917-00208028-00208300": "is something that somehow we all got", "0C2G1aXNsME-00918-00208301-00208528": "together and agreed on is we have to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00919-00208529-00208708": "agree about how we're going to use this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00920-00208709-00208916": "thing to actually enable communication", "0C2G1aXNsME-00921-00208917-00209265": "okay and to do this requires a new", "0C2G1aXNsME-00922-00209266-00209514": "concept that is really a computer", "0C2G1aXNsME-00923-00209515-00209640": "science concept it's not something that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00924-00209641-00209908": "we've talked about yet but it's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00925-00209909-00210021": "something that the computer science", "0C2G1aXNsME-00926-00210023-00210190": "community had you know contributed to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00927-00210191-00210355": "the system I mean if you think about it", "0C2G1aXNsME-00928-00210356-00210546": "up till now right what we've talked", "0C2G1aXNsME-00929-00210548-00210667": "about is really like ECE", "0C2G1aXNsME-00930-00210667-00210964": "right they built all that hardware and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00931-00210965-00211138": "all that stuff and all the wires and ee", "0C2G1aXNsME-00932-00211139-00211279": "did a lot of that right you should thank", "0C2G1aXNsME-00933-00211280-00211327": "them for that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00934-00211328-00211554": "right that's an incredible contribution", "0C2G1aXNsME-00935-00211555-00211930": "right at this point now we need to start", "0C2G1aXNsME-00936-00211931-00212236": "writing software okay so a communication", "0C2G1aXNsME-00937-00212237-00212394": "protocol so protocols energy", "0C2G1aXNsME-00938-00212396-00212554": "same word I mean protocol has its roots", "0C2G1aXNsME-00939-00212555-00212779": "in you know diplomatic relationships", "0C2G1aXNsME-00940-00212780-00213055": "right the protocol for receiving a head", "0C2G1aXNsME-00941-00213056-00213217": "of state all right if someone comes to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00942-00213217-00213379": "visit the White House there's a set of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00943-00213380-00213628": "rules that you follow about how they're", "0C2G1aXNsME-00944-00213629-00213832": "received and what sort of you know", "0C2G1aXNsME-00945-00213833-00214023": "banquet you're gonna hold and how you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00946-00214025-00214219": "address them and who walks to the door", "0C2G1aXNsME-00947-00214219-00214369": "first and second it's not like that else", "0C2G1aXNsME-00948-00214369-00214592": "has been negotiated right a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00949-00214594-00214840": "communication protocol is not that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00950-00214841-00215125": "similar not that dissimilar it's a set", "0C2G1aXNsME-00951-00215126-00215310": "of rules that we establish so that two", "0C2G1aXNsME-00952-00215311-00215487": "devices can communicate with each other", "0C2G1aXNsME-00953-00215488-00215752": "so now we have this way that we can send", "0C2G1aXNsME-00954-00215753-00215892": "signals back and forth and we can", "0C2G1aXNsME-00955-00215894-00216096": "actually use those signals to represent", "0C2G1aXNsME-00956-00216098-00216285": "you know bits and use those bits to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00957-00216286-00216553": "represent text or images or whatever but", "0C2G1aXNsME-00958-00216554-00216925": "how do we all work together so that this", "0C2G1aXNsME-00959-00216926-00217126": "just doesn't become cacophonous right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00960-00217127-00217315": "how do we work together so that we can", "0C2G1aXNsME-00961-00217316-00217473": "actually make sense of what to do with", "0C2G1aXNsME-00962-00217475-00217998": "this thing all right so um so IP you", "0C2G1aXNsME-00963-00218000-00218098": "know how many people have heard the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00964-00218098-00218278": "acronym IP before like your computer", "0C2G1aXNsME-00965-00218279-00218658": "requests like an IP address ID so IP is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00966-00218659-00218808": "the second place where we see this word", "0C2G1aXNsME-00967-00218809-00218917": "Internet all right", "0C2G1aXNsME-00968-00218917-00219241": "IP stands for Internet Protocol this is", "0C2G1aXNsME-00969-00219242-00219601": "the base protocol that all Internet", "0C2G1aXNsME-00970-00219602-00219921": "connected devices are as as you know", "0C2G1aXNsME-00971-00219921-00220354": "expected to adhere to okay and it's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00972-00220355-00220546": "designed to address a couple of", "0C2G1aXNsME-00973-00220546-00220873": "fundamental questions about how we use", "0C2G1aXNsME-00974-00220873-00221259": "this this network okay so here are the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00975-00221260-00221467": "couple things that an IP one of the best", "0C2G1aXNsME-00976-00221467-00221782": "things about IP is that it doesn't do", "0C2G1aXNsME-00977-00221783-00222076": "very much okay and we'll talk a little", "0C2G1aXNsME-00978-00222077-00222217": "bit more about design principles on", "0C2G1aXNsME-00979-00222217-00222337": "Monday for the internet and why it's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00980-00222338-00222466": "been so successful one of the best", "0C2G1aXNsME-00981-00222467-00222814": "things about IP is that it's small it's", "0C2G1aXNsME-00982-00222815-00223087": "a very minimal set of expectations and", "0C2G1aXNsME-00983-00223088-00223252": "requirements so here are the things that", "0C2G1aXNsME-00984-00223253-00223600": "IP sets up the first thing that I the", "0C2G1aXNsME-00985-00223601-00223864": "first problem with using this big", "0C2G1aXNsME-00986-00223865-00224046": "network that we need to address is how", "0C2G1aXNsME-00987-00224048-00224271": "do we address each other what do we call", "0C2G1aXNsME-00988-00224273-00224473": "each other if I want to communicate with", "0C2G1aXNsME-00989-00224473-00224832": "one of Facebook's servers that has my", "0C2G1aXNsME-00990-00224833-00225067": "news feed on it or whatever how do I", "0C2G1aXNsME-00991-00225067-00225321": "send it a message that message needs to", "0C2G1aXNsME-00992-00225323-00225502": "have a destination and it needs to have", "0C2G1aXNsME-00993-00225503-00225679": "a source so that the server can send a", "0C2G1aXNsME-00994-00225680-00225813": "data back to me", "0C2G1aXNsME-00995-00225814-00226102": "so what do we call each other okay so IP", "0C2G1aXNsME-00996-00226103-00226330": "specifies the format of what it referred", "0C2G1aXNsME-00997-00226331-00226711": "to as IP addresses right and here's an", "0C2G1aXNsME-00998-00226712-00226921": "IP address this is in what's called", "0C2G1aXNsME-00999-00226921-00227251": "dotted decimal form right this is the", "0C2G1aXNsME-01000-00227252-00227512": "first iteration of IP and probably the", "0C2G1aXNsME-01001-00227513-00227806": "only mistake that the creators of IP", "0C2G1aXNsME-01002-00227807-00228163": "made was not anticipating how big the", "0C2G1aXNsME-01003-00228164-00228316": "internet was going to get so we'll talk", "0C2G1aXNsME-01004-00228317-00228466": "in a minute about why this is the case", "0C2G1aXNsME-01005-00228467-00228805": "right so these are old format IP", "0C2G1aXNsME-01006-00228806-00229123": "addresses okay how many people have ever", "0C2G1aXNsME-01007-00229123-00229237": "seen something that looks like this", "0C2G1aXNsME-01008-00229238-00229273": "before", "0C2G1aXNsME-01009-00229273-00229405": "couldn't you sign up a router or", "0C2G1aXNsME-01010-00229406-00229564": "whatever you've been connected okay how", "0C2G1aXNsME-01011-00229565-00229678": "many people have seen one that looks", "0C2G1aXNsME-01012-00229679-00229839": "like this before", "0C2G1aXNsME-01013-00229840-00230083": "all right so this is the future and by", "0C2G1aXNsME-01014-00230084-00230305": "future I mean this is the sixth version", "0C2G1aXNsME-01015-00230306-00230482": "of the IP protocol to be been rolling", "0C2G1aXNsME-01016-00230483-00230863": "out now for like two decades okay here's", "0C2G1aXNsME-01017-00230864-00231217": "the problem we ran out so when IP got", "0C2G1aXNsME-01018-00231217-00231439": "started it was using these ipv4 address", "0C2G1aXNsME-01019-00231440-00231709": "this there are four billion of those for", "0C2G1aXNsME-01020-00231710-00231850": "reasons that are more complicated than I", "0C2G1aXNsME-01021-00231851-00232051": "want to go tune to at some point it", "0C2G1aXNsME-01022-00232052-00232198": "became very clear that we were going to", "0C2G1aXNsME-01023-00232198-00232591": "run out we do not have enough now you", "0C2G1aXNsME-01024-00232592-00232702": "know again there's more than four", "0C2G1aXNsME-01025-00232703-00232912": "billion people on earth and if every one", "0C2G1aXNsME-01026-00232913-00233080": "of them had two devices which is you", "0C2G1aXNsME-01027-00233081-00233296": "know probably more than they're going to", "0C2G1aXNsME-01028-00233296-00233530": "have right we'd have 8 billion devices", "0C2G1aXNsME-01029-00233531-00233641": "that would need to connect so it's not", "0C2G1aXNsME-01030-00233642-00233839": "clear that 4 billion was ever enough but", "0C2G1aXNsME-01031-00233840-00233986": "there are other structural reasons why", "0C2G1aXNsME-01032-00233987-00234139": "it's difficult to make use of all those", "0C2G1aXNsME-01033-00234140-00234277": "addresses that again I'm not going to", "0C2G1aXNsME-01034-00234278-00234663": "get into okay and so slowly but surely", "0C2G1aXNsME-01035-00234664-00234916": "the Internet has been transitioning to", "0C2G1aXNsME-01036-00234917-00235123": "use this different address format and", "0C2G1aXNsME-01037-00235123-00235516": "these new addresses are much longer this", "0C2G1aXNsME-01038-00235517-00235612": "is sort of like the difference between", "0C2G1aXNsME-01039-00235613-00235933": "an int and a long and Java and then can", "0C2G1aXNsME-01040-00235934-00236292": "store 4 billion values a long can store", "0C2G1aXNsME-01041-00236294-00236469": "like a lot right", "0C2G1aXNsME-01042-00236471-00236742": "ipv6 I think if I remember quickly you", "0C2G1aXNsME-01043-00236744-00237025": "could give a separate ipv6 address to", "0C2G1aXNsME-01044-00237026-00237325": "every atom in the universe so that's", "0C2G1aXNsME-01045-00237326-00237661": "probably enough right although I don't", "0C2G1aXNsME-01046-00237662-00237841": "know if every atom then decides that it", "0C2G1aXNsME-01047-00237842-00237991": "wants both the laptop and a phone then", "0C2G1aXNsME-01048-00237992-00238137": "we're in trouble", "0C2G1aXNsME-01049-00238138-00238432": "all right so the other thing that IP", "0C2G1aXNsME-01050-00238433-00238711": "lays out is how are the messages that we", "0C2G1aXNsME-01051-00238712-00238848": "send across the stuff we're going to be", "0C2G1aXNsME-01052-00238850-00239106": "structured ok", "0C2G1aXNsME-01053-00239107-00239304": "so this is you know this is sort of this", "0C2G1aXNsME-01054-00239305-00239467": "is sort of a format that's not that", "0C2G1aXNsME-01055-00239467-00239667": "dissimilar from designing an object in", "0C2G1aXNsME-01056-00239669-00239976": "Java right we need to decide you know", "0C2G1aXNsME-01057-00239977-00240192": "when I send you a message what's gonna", "0C2G1aXNsME-01058-00240194-00240455": "be in that message and how do i decoding", "0C2G1aXNsME-01059-00240456-00240726": "if I was just sending you random stuff", "0C2G1aXNsME-01060-00240727-00240834": "then you wouldn't have enough", "0C2G1aXNsME-01061-00240835-00240967": "information to figure out what to do", "0C2G1aXNsME-01062-00240967-00241074": "with the message you'd be like okay I", "0C2G1aXNsME-01063-00241075-00241257": "got some data but I don't know how to", "0C2G1aXNsME-01064-00241258-00241383": "decode it", "0C2G1aXNsME-01065-00241384-00241556": "right what do I do with this information", "0C2G1aXNsME-01066-00241557-00241912": "all right so here is the format and then", "0C2G1aXNsME-01067-00241913-00242065": "this is not going to be on a test but I", "0C2G1aXNsME-01068-00242066-00242142": "just thought you guys might be", "0C2G1aXNsME-01069-00242144-00242334": "interested to see it this is the format", "0C2G1aXNsME-01070-00242335-00242595": "of every single message that is", "0C2G1aXNsME-01071-00242596-00242847": "transmitted across the internet this is", "0C2G1aXNsME-01072-00242848-00243198": "what's called an IP Datagram so a lot of", "0C2G1aXNsME-01073-00243199-00243396": "this stuff we don't really need to worry", "0C2G1aXNsME-01074-00243397-00243694": "about right so this is information this", "0C2G1aXNsME-01075-00243694-00243867": "is called the header of the message this", "0C2G1aXNsME-01076-00243869-00244155": "is the first part these two pieces", "0C2G1aXNsME-01077-00244156-00244509": "though are pretty important right so one", "0C2G1aXNsME-01078-00244510-00244647": "of the things that every message", "0C2G1aXNsME-01079-00244648-00244845": "contains as it travels across the", "0C2G1aXNsME-01080-00244846-00245079": "Internet is where it came from", "0C2G1aXNsME-01081-00245080-00245341": "that's the source IP address so that's", "0C2G1aXNsME-01082-00245342-00245529": "how the computer that sent the message", "0C2G1aXNsME-01083-00245530-00245764": "identifies itself the other thing that", "0C2G1aXNsME-01084-00245765-00245979": "it contains and this is critical is", "0C2G1aXNsME-01085-00245980-00246267": "where it's going where is this message", "0C2G1aXNsME-01086-00246269-00246669": "trying to go that's the destination IP", "0C2G1aXNsME-01087-00246670-00246930": "address and then pass that there's some", "0C2G1aXNsME-01088-00246931-00247101": "other information and eventually what we", "0C2G1aXNsME-01089-00247102-00247404": "get down here is just information data", "0C2G1aXNsME-01090-00247405-00247690": "and one of the things that IP did and", "0C2G1aXNsME-01091-00247691-00247813": "you guys will learn more about this when", "0C2G1aXNsME-01092-00247814-00247932": "you go on and take other courses but", "0C2G1aXNsME-01093-00247933-00248160": "this is a really really powerful and", "0C2G1aXNsME-01094-00248161-00248437": "beautiful idea is that IP didn't create", "0C2G1aXNsME-01095-00248438-00248700": "any rules about what you can put in an", "0C2G1aXNsME-01096-00248701-00249129": "IP message the header err you have to", "0C2G1aXNsME-01097-00249130-00249384": "get right that's the part that where you", "0C2G1aXNsME-01098-00249385-00249576": "agree on is all the stuff that's in here", "0C2G1aXNsME-01099-00249577-00249987": "the data you can send whatever you want", "0C2G1aXNsME-01100-00249988-00250264": "doesn't matter now you and the person", "0C2G1aXNsME-01101-00250265-00250422": "you're talking to have to agree about", "0C2G1aXNsME-01102-00250423-00250671": "how to interpret that data but IP", "0C2G1aXNsME-01103-00250672-00251065": "doesn't care IP has no objections to", "0C2G1aXNsME-01104-00251066-00251247": "moving in whatever you want in there as", "0C2G1aXNsME-01105-00251248-00251711": "long as you set up the header problem", "0C2G1aXNsME-01106-00251712-00251957": "I don't want to talk about this topic", "0C2G1aXNsME-01107-00251958-00252176": "without giving credit to some of the", "0C2G1aXNsME-01108-00252177-00252356": "people who were involved and I'm but I", "0C2G1aXNsME-01109-00252357-00252488": "want to do this in an important way", "0C2G1aXNsME-01110-00252489-00252791": "right so if you look at the people on", "0C2G1aXNsME-01111-00252792-00252967": "this slide these are what kind of old", "0C2G1aXNsME-01112-00252969-00253467": "white guys all right and they're old now", "0C2G1aXNsME-01113-00253469-00253796": "when they were working on this so let's", "0C2G1aXNsME-01114-00253796-00254131": "go back in time 50 years right", "0C2G1aXNsME-01115-00254132-00254344": "actually about 50 years ago one of the", "0C2G1aXNsME-01116-00254346-00254516": "first internet machines was actually", "0C2G1aXNsME-01117-00254517-00254741": "arriving on this campus internet", "0C2G1aXNsME-01118-00254742-00254923": "Illinois actually hosted one of the", "0C2G1aXNsME-01119-00254925-00255308": "first nodes in what became the Internet", "0C2G1aXNsME-01120-00255309-00255527": "but this was like this was at the point", "0C2G1aXNsME-01121-00255528-00255659": "where there were six computers hooked up", "0C2G1aXNsME-01122-00255660-00255892": "to the Internet and nobody had any idea", "0C2G1aXNsME-01123-00255894-00256219": "how to use them what happened was there", "0C2G1aXNsME-01124-00256221-00256328": "was there was a bunch of graduate", "0C2G1aXNsME-01125-00256329-00256628": "students they got ahold of these right", "0C2G1aXNsME-01126-00256629-00256748": "because these are the people that like", "0C2G1aXNsME-01127-00256748-00256942": "are excited to work with this new stuff", "0C2G1aXNsME-01128-00256944-00257084": "and they want to figure out how it how", "0C2G1aXNsME-01129-00257085-00257240": "it goes and the professors were all like", "0C2G1aXNsME-01130-00257241-00257467": "I'm too busy I've got a paper to write", "0C2G1aXNsME-01131-00257469-00257617": "or whatever the graduates into like", "0C2G1aXNsME-01132-00257619-00257852": "somebody sent us this big piece of", "0C2G1aXNsME-01133-00257853-00258050": "equipment in the mail and let's play", "0C2G1aXNsME-01134-00258051-00258182": "with it and see if we can get it to do", "0C2G1aXNsME-01135-00258183-00258301": "cool stuff", "0C2G1aXNsME-01136-00258302-00258727": "so that's what they started to do as", "0C2G1aXNsME-01137-00258728-00258998": "they were doing this so so there so", "0C2G1aXNsME-01138-00258998-00259094": "essentially there were all these", "0C2G1aXNsME-01139-00259094-00259226": "graduate students around the country at", "0C2G1aXNsME-01140-00259227-00259351": "different institutions that were", "0C2G1aXNsME-01141-00259352-00259621": "unboxing these big you know these things", "0C2G1aXNsME-01142-00259623-00259798": "were like the size of a closet right", "0C2G1aXNsME-01143-00259800-00259961": "they barely did anything right but their", "0C2G1aXNsME-01144-00259962-00260081": "boxes I'm hooking them up to the phone", "0C2G1aXNsME-01145-00260082-00260282": "lines figuring out how to get them to", "0C2G1aXNsME-01146-00260283-00260378": "connect to each other and stuff like", "0C2G1aXNsME-01147-00260379-00260642": "that the whole time and you can I mean", "0C2G1aXNsME-01148-00260642-00260816": "you can read interviews with these guys", "0C2G1aXNsME-01149-00260817-00261005": "I mean Vint Cerf is still alive Bob Kahn", "0C2G1aXNsME-01150-00261006-00261248": "has died unfortunately Vint Cerf now", "0C2G1aXNsME-01151-00261248-00261386": "works at Google sort of internet", "0C2G1aXNsME-01152-00261387-00261596": "evangelist and has continued to speak", "0C2G1aXNsME-01153-00261596-00261875": "out about the future of the Internet but", "0C2G1aXNsME-01154-00261876-00262115": "but what they kept saying is that they", "0C2G1aXNsME-01155-00262116-00262292": "kept wondering like when are the people", "0C2G1aXNsME-01156-00262293-00262670": "who are in charge going to show up this", "0C2G1aXNsME-01157-00262671-00262802": "is sort of I feel like the story of", "0C2G1aXNsME-01158-00262803-00263072": "Technology and are in our era right it's", "0C2G1aXNsME-01159-00263073-00263243": "a bunch of like people that were kind of", "0C2G1aXNsME-01160-00263244-00263510": "making it up as they went along and they", "0C2G1aXNsME-01161-00263511-00263645": "kept wait like they literally kept", "0C2G1aXNsME-01162-00263646-00263819": "waiting it could be like well at some", "0C2G1aXNsME-01163-00263820-00263945": "point someone from the government is", "0C2G1aXNsME-01164-00263946-00264071": "going to show up with a suit and be like", "0C2G1aXNsME-01165-00264072-00264275": "okay guys we got this right we have a", "0C2G1aXNsME-01166-00264276-00264494": "plan that we've made before but it", "0C2G1aXNsME-01167-00264495-00264710": "turned out that no one had a plan", "0C2G1aXNsME-01168-00264711-00265025": "and so these protocols were invented by", "0C2G1aXNsME-01169-00265026-00265151": "some of these graduate students like", "0C2G1aXNsME-01170-00265152-00265297": "when they were in graduate school", "0C2G1aXNsME-01171-00265298-00265496": "because they found a cool problem to", "0C2G1aXNsME-01172-00265497-00265787": "work on they also worked together and I", "0C2G1aXNsME-01173-00265788-00266093": "think this extremely laudatory way so", "0C2G1aXNsME-01174-00266094-00266318": "the if you look at how the Internet has", "0C2G1aXNsME-01175-00266319-00266543": "actually been standardized so there's a", "0C2G1aXNsME-01176-00266544-00266804": "bunch of documents that lay out how each", "0C2G1aXNsME-01177-00266805-00267023": "part of the internet works and these go", "0C2G1aXNsME-01178-00267024-00267293": "all the way back to laying out IP and a", "0C2G1aXNsME-01179-00267294-00267401": "bunch of the other protocols that I", "0C2G1aXNsME-01180-00267402-00267533": "operate on top of the internet that", "0C2G1aXNsME-01181-00267534-00267773": "we'll talk about next time does anyone", "0C2G1aXNsME-01182-00267774-00267904": "knows about these are called", "0C2G1aXNsME-01183-00267905-00268235": "they all have their it have a number so", "0C2G1aXNsME-01184-00268236-00268442": "there's like thousands of them now but", "0C2G1aXNsME-01185-00268443-00268748": "there's an acronym for it you go up and", "0C2G1aXNsME-01186-00268749-00268922": "look like you know and there's a whole", "0C2G1aXNsME-01187-00268923-00269102": "website where they have every single one", "0C2G1aXNsME-01188-00269103-00269372": "going back to the dawn of the Internet", "0C2G1aXNsME-01189-00269373-00269704": "does anyone know what they're called", "0C2G1aXNsME-01190-00269705-00270047": "they're called RFC's maybe that rings", "0C2G1aXNsME-01191-00270048-00270149": "the bell first men descending we know", "0C2G1aXNsME-01192-00270150-00270620": "what our C stands for our C stands for a", "0C2G1aXNsME-01193-00270621-00270814": "request for comment", "0C2G1aXNsME-01194-00270815-00271049": "so the graduate students who were in", "0C2G1aXNsME-01195-00271050-00271229": "charge of this were worried about", "0C2G1aXNsME-01196-00271230-00271523": "offending the people who were in charge", "0C2G1aXNsME-01197-00271524-00271742": "and so they didn't want to make their", "0C2G1aXNsME-01198-00271743-00272030": "documents seem like they were they were", "0C2G1aXNsME-01199-00272031-00272264": "like the instructions right they didn't", "0C2G1aXNsME-01200-00272265-00272408": "want to make people think oh these", "0C2G1aXNsME-01201-00272409-00272540": "graduate students started to take over", "0C2G1aXNsME-01202-00272541-00272765": "right so whenever they agreed on", "0C2G1aXNsME-01203-00272766-00272891": "something they wrote up its a request", "0C2G1aXNsME-01204-00272892-00273065": "for comment and then they would send it", "0C2G1aXNsME-01205-00273066-00273314": "out and then you know later if the", "0C2G1aXNsME-01206-00273315-00273431": "people with the suits came back they'd", "0C2G1aXNsME-01207-00273432-00273569": "be like oh no we were just you know we", "0C2G1aXNsME-01208-00273570-00273755": "were just asking for help it's just a", "0C2G1aXNsME-01209-00273756-00273890": "request for comment right we didn't", "0C2G1aXNsME-01210-00273891-00274037": "comment so we just decided to go ahead", "0C2G1aXNsME-01211-00274038-00274310": "and do that thing so again I mean and", "0C2G1aXNsME-01212-00274311-00274499": "this is a this is a process that the", "0C2G1aXNsME-01213-00274500-00274733": "system that persists to this day there's", "0C2G1aXNsME-01214-00274734-00274889": "still committees that are involved with", "0C2G1aXNsME-01215-00274890-00275189": "you know continuing to guide and shape", "0C2G1aXNsME-01216-00275190-00275306": "the future of the internet and they", "0C2G1aXNsME-01217-00275307-00275546": "still use the RFC system to propose new", "0C2G1aXNsME-01218-00275547-00275867": "ideas and get feedback all right so I", "0C2G1aXNsME-01219-00275868-00276002": "think we're going to stop here we'll", "0C2G1aXNsME-01220-00276003-00276545": "talk about routing next time that's all", "0C2G1aXNsME-01221-00276546-00276683": "I have for today because I have a", "0C2G1aXNsME-01222-00276684-00276827": "fantastic weekend it's beautiful outside", "0C2G1aXNsME-01223-00276828-00277094": "I have office hours today 1 2 3 I hope", "0C2G1aXNsME-01224-00277095-00277406": "to see some of you there if you are", "0C2G1aXNsME-01225-00277407-00277580": "working on it before good luck finish it", "0C2G1aXNsME-01226-00277581-00277775": "up this weekend this is our last machine", "0C2G1aXNsME-01227-00277776-00278114": "project deadline we will start", "0C2G1aXNsME-01228-00278115-00278345": "on the final project next week have a", "0C2G1aXNsME-01229-00278346-00278683": "great weekend I will see you on Monday"}}, {"audio_id": "0CCzHcaWlEy", "text": {"0CCzHcaWlEy-00000-00000000-00000311": "Jetray amudhan copasand else's angelica", "0CCzHcaWlEy-00001-00000312-00000641": "oxytocin madam optima pasando my", "0CCzHcaWlEy-00002-00000642-00001064": "honestly barb are larger today will", "0CCzHcaWlEy-00003-00001065-00001357": "bankers and else's Angela Clara purposes", "0CCzHcaWlEy-00004-00001358-00001626": "Madame Optima pasando my cocoon is", "0CCzHcaWlEy-00005-00001627-00001927": "larger"}}, {"audio_id": "0CD3D5ybyqy", "text": {"0CD3D5ybyqy-00000-00000003-00000257": "hi I'm Tobin hieronymus I'm an assistant", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00001-00000258-00000473": "professor of anatomy and neurobiology at", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00002-00000474-00000623": "Northeast don't have medical university", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00003-00000624-00000968": "I'm gonna be speaking about bird wing", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00004-00000969-00001204": "anatomy and how that drives the ability", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00005-00001205-00001402": "of birds to fly across different speeds", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00006-00001403-00001664": "and this is the topic I'm gonna be", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00007-00001664-00001922": "speaking about it I really got my start", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00008-00001923-00002372": "and that way back 1998 doing a master's", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00009-00002373-00002579": "at Montana State University so as I", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00010-00002580-00002780": "might move from Montana State University", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00011-00002781-00003067": "and my masters to a high university PhD", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00012-00003068-00003206": "work I'd suddenly found myself", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00013-00003207-00003419": "surrounded by these amazing functional", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00014-00003420-00003494": "morphologist", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00015-00003495-00003626": "and I was sort of initially focused on", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00016-00003627-00003797": "paleontology it was reconstructing", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00017-00003797-00004022": "dinosaurs and I was suddenly in this", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00018-00004022-00004181": "position where people were looking at", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00019-00004182-00004391": "how animals living animals functioned in", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00020-00004392-00004577": "a very detailed way and sophisticated", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00021-00004578-00004835": "way and that was really interesting to", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00022-00004836-00004940": "me and I really wanted to be able to", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00023-00004941-00005141": "connect the work I was doing in", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00024-00005142-00005374": "paleontology to functional morphology", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00025-00005375-00005647": "and the Avenue that I've found for that", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00026-00005648-00005884": "for now is to look at the underlying", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00027-00005885-00006092": "anatomy of bird wings to really take a", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00028-00006093-00006245": "very detailed anatomical approach to", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00029-00006246-00006421": "looking at that in the hopes that that", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00030-00006422-00006731": "will enable more detailed functional", "0CD3D5ybyqy-00031-00006731-00007079": "morphology studies of the wing"}}, {"audio_id": "0CQpHos802I", "text": {"0CQpHos802I-00000-00002192-00003158": "good", "0CQpHos802I-00001-00003159-00004631": "so", "0CQpHos802I-00002-00004632-00009391": "so", "0CQpHos802I-00003-00009392-00010159": "good", "0CQpHos802I-00004-00010160-00014591": "so", "0CQpHos802I-00005-00014591-00015865": "go", "0CQpHos802I-00006-00015866-00016983": "[Music]", "0CQpHos802I-00007-00016984-00020694": "you", "0CQpHos802I-00008-00020695-00021511": "good", "0CQpHos802I-00009-00021512-00024207": "so", "0CQpHos802I-00010-00024208-00025790": "so", "0CQpHos802I-00011-00025791-00028455": "good", "0CQpHos802I-00012-00028456-00031487": "so", "0CQpHos802I-00013-00031488-00036574": "good", "0CQpHos802I-00014-00036575-00038207": "foreign", "0CQpHos802I-00015-00038208-00042630": "so", "0CQpHos802I-00016-00042631-00044069": "so", "0CQpHos802I-00017-00044070-00045695": "[Music]", "0CQpHos802I-00018-00045696-00045903": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0CaGYYGvQmo", "text": {"0CaGYYGvQmo-00000-00000455-00001008": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00001-00001009-00001275": "thank you", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00002-00001276-00002639": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00003-00002640-00004085": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00004-00004086-00004275": "foreign", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00005-00004276-00005591": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00006-00005592-00006820": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00007-00006822-00007045": "foreign", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00008-00007045-00007548": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00009-00007548-00007830": "[Applause]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00010-00007831-00009162": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00011-00009163-00010063": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00012-00010064-00011038": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00013-00011039-00012215": "foreign", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00014-00012216-00013865": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00015-00013866-00013910": "[Applause]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00016-00013911-00017158": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00017-00017159-00017563": "foreign", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00018-00017564-00018092": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00019-00018093-00020170": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00020-00020171-00020572": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00021-00020573-00021150": "foreign", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00022-00021151-00022350": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00023-00022351-00023247": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00024-00023248-00023390": "[Applause]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00025-00023391-00024436": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00026-00024437-00024682": "foreign", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00027-00024683-00029051": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00028-00029052-00029730": "foreign", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00029-00029731-00032777": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00030-00032778-00033079": "foreign", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00031-00033080-00033220": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00032-00033221-00033236": "[Applause]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00033-00033237-00033870": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00034-00033871-00036331": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00035-00036332-00036564": "thank you", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00036-00036565-00037465": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00037-00037466-00037936": "thank you", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00038-00037937-00040145": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00039-00040146-00040204": "foreign", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00040-00040205-00043199": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00041-00043200-00043556": "foreign", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00042-00043557-00044749": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00043-00044750-00044891": "thank you", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00044-00044892-00046330": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00045-00046331-00046504": "foreign", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00046-00046505-00047615": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00047-00047616-00048852": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00048-00048853-00049063": "thank you", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00049-00049064-00050345": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00050-00050346-00050548": "foreign", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00051-00050549-00053208": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00052-00053209-00054749": "[Music]", "0CaGYYGvQmo-00053-00054750-00055050": "foreign"}}, {"audio_id": "0DBGBHXyRq8", "text": {"0DBGBHXyRq8-00000-00000498-00001491": "[Music]", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00001-00001492-00002883": "god", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00002-00002884-00004283": "hmm", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00003-00004284-00004470": "aah", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00004-00004471-00007083": "what's up", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00005-00007084-00007406": "wow", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00006-00007408-00009999": "standing by", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00007-00010000-00014083": "spy plane established overhead", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00008-00014084-00016883": "is", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00009-00016884-00018283": "oh", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00010-00018284-00019683": "tangled", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00011-00019684-00020503": "uh", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00012-00020504-00020847": "hostel spy plane established overhead", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00013-00020848-00026683": "multiple hostile spy planes detected", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00014-00026683-00027607": "found", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00015-00027608-00029483": "of course", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00016-00029483-00030883": "good", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00017-00030883-00032051": "uh", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00018-00032052-00035083": "[Music]", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00019-00035084-00036483": "wow", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00020-00036484-00037883": "coming", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00021-00037884-00039283": "oh", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00022-00039284-00039911": "so", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00023-00039912-00042083": "we're falling behind established", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00024-00042084-00043483": "oh", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00025-00043484-00044883": "hey", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00026-00044884-00047167": "oh", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00027-00047168-00048415": "we're losing the advantage", "0DBGBHXyRq8-00028-00048416-00048624": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0DV4iNkrPPA", "text": {"0DV4iNkrPPA-00000-00000055-00000445": "the Angolan Civil War portuguese guerra", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00001-00000446-00000780": "civil angle anna was a civil conflict in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00002-00000781-00001212": "angola beginning in 1975 and continuing", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00003-00001213-00001689": "with interludes and till 2002 the war", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00004-00001691-00001998": "began immediately after angola became", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00005-00002000-00002337": "independent from portugal in November", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00006-00002338-00002704": "1975 the war was a power struggle", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00007-00002705-00003043": "between two former liberation movements", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00008-00003044-00003249": "the people's movement for the liberation", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00009-00003250-00003525": "of Angola MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00010-00003526-00003777": "and the National Union for the total", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00011-00003778-00004061": "independence of Angola UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00012-00004062-00004338": "the war was used as a surrogate", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00013-00004339-00004632": "battleground for the Cold War by rival", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00014-00004633-00004968": "states such as the Soviet Union Cuba", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00015-00004969-00005316": "South Africa and the United States the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00016-00005317-00005652": "MPLA and UNITA had different routes in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00017-00005653-00005902": "Angolan society and mutually", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00018-00005903-00006100": "incompatible leadership's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00019-00006101-00006312": "despite their shared aim of ending", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00020-00006313-00006714": "colonial rule a third movement the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00021-00006715-00006945": "National Front for the liberation of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00022-00006946-00007381": "Angola F and la having fought the MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00023-00007381-00007483": "with UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00024-00007484-00007741": "during the war for independence played", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00025-00007742-00008091": "almost no role in the civil war", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00026-00008092-00008302": "additionally the front for the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00027-00008303-00008551": "liberation of the end clave of Cabinda", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00028-00008552-00008923": "flec an association of separatist", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00029-00008924-00009145": "militant groups fought for the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00030-00009146-00009388": "independence of the province of cabin", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00031-00009389-00009864": "des from angola the 27 year war can be", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00032-00009865-00010128": "divided roughly into three periods of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00033-00010129-00010835": "major fighting from 1975 to 1991 1992 to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00034-00010836-00011349": "1994 and from 1998 to 2002 with fragile", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00035-00011350-00011608": "periods of peace", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00036-00011609-00012017": "by the time the MPLA achieved victory in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00037-00012018-00012460": "2002 more than 500,000 people had died", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00038-00012461-00012738": "and over 1 million had been internally", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00039-00012739-00013172": "displaced the war devastated Angola's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00040-00013173-00013413": "infrastructure and severely damaged", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00041-00013415-00013747": "public administration the economy and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00042-00013747-00014047": "religious institutions", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00043-00014047-00014416": "the Angolan Civil War was notable due to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00044-00014416-00014683": "the combination of Angola's violent", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00045-00014684-00014961": "internal dynamics and massive foreign", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00046-00014962-00015343": "intervention the war became a cold war", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00047-00015344-00015625": "struggle as the Soviet Union and the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00048-00015626-00015961": "United States with their allies provided", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00049-00015962-00016230": "military assistance to parties in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00050-00016231-00016642": "conflict the conflict became closely", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00051-00016643-00016927": "intertwined with the second Congo war in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00052-00016928-00017175": "the neighboring Democratic Republic of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00053-00017176-00017400": "the Congo and the south african border", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00054-00017401-00017659": "war", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00055-00017660-00018037": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00056-00018038-00018794": "topic outline of main combatants", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00057-00018795-00019108": "Angola's three rebel movements had their", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00058-00019109-00019390": "roots in the anti-colonial movements of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00059-00019391-00019915": "the 1950s the MPLA was primarily an", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00060-00019916-00020203": "urban based movement in Luanda and its", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00061-00020204-00020602": "surrounding area it was largely composed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00062-00020603-00020992": "of mbunda people by contrast the other", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00063-00020993-00021300": "two major anti-colonial movements the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00064-00021301-00021628": "FNLA and UNITA were rural II based", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00065-00021629-00022114": "groups the FNLA largely consisted of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00066-00022115-00022378": "Bakongo people hailing from northern", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00067-00022379-00022636": "Angola UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00068-00022637-00022978": "an offshoot of the FNLA was mainly", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00069-00022979-00023239": "composed of ovum bundu people from the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00070-00023240-00023550": "central highlands", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00071-00023551-00023897": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00072-00023898-00024343": "topic M PLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00073-00024344-00024533": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00074-00024534-00024919": "since its formation in the 1950s the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00075-00024920-00025274": "MPLA s main social base has been among", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00076-00025275-00025565": "the am bundu people and the multiracial", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00077-00025566-00025881": "intelligentsia of cities such as Luanda", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00078-00025882-00026290": "Benguela and huambo during its anti", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00079-00026291-00026861": "colonial struggle of 1962 to 74 the MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00080-00026862-00027107": "was supported by several African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00081-00027108-00027502": "countries as well as by the Soviet Union", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00082-00027502-00027920": "Cuba became the MPLA strongest ally", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00083-00027920-00028187": "sending significant contingents of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00084-00028188-00028533": "combat and support personnel to Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00085-00028535-00028898": "this support as well as that of several", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00086-00028899-00029207": "other countries of the Eastern Bloc eg", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00087-00029208-00029483": "East Germany was maintained during the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00088-00029483-00029683": "Civil War", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00089-00029683-00030011": "Yugoslavia provided financial military", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00090-00030012-00030389": "support for the MPLA including 14", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00091-00030389-00030787": "million dollars in 1977 as well as", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00092-00030788-00031073": "Yugoslavs security personnel in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00093-00031074-00031307": "country and diplomatic training for", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00094-00031308-00031717": "Angolans in Belgrade the United States", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00095-00031718-00032014": "ambassador to Yugoslavia wrote of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00096-00032016-00032362": "Yugoslav relationship with the MPLA and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00097-00032363-00032819": "remarked Tito clearly enjoys his role as", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00098-00032820-00033089": "patriarch of guerilla liberation", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00099-00033090-00033569": "struggle Agostinho Neto MPL A's leader", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00100-00033570-00033983": "during the civil war declared in 1977", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00101-00033984-00034277": "that Yugoslav aid was constant and firm", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00102-00034278-00034648": "and described the help as extraordinary", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00103-00034649-00035065": "according to a November 1978 special", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00104-00035066-00035369": "communique portuguese troops were among", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00105-00035370-00035801": "the 20,000 MPLA troops that participated", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00106-00035802-00036056": "in a major offensive in central and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00107-00036057-00036351": "southern angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00108-00036352-00036698": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00109-00036699-00037313": "Topic SNL a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00110-00037314-00037763": "the FNLA formed parallel to the MPLA and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00111-00037764-00038063": "was initially devoted to defending the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00112-00038064-00038318": "interests of the Bakongo people and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00113-00038319-00038513": "supporting the restoration of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00114-00038514-00038933": "historical Congo Empire however it", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00115-00038934-00039218": "rapidly developed into a nationalist", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00116-00039219-00039458": "movement supported in its struggle", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00117-00039459-00039725": "against Portugal by the government of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00118-00039726-00040163": "Mobutu Sese Seko in Zaire during the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00119-00040164-00040655": "early 1960s the FNLA was also supported", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00120-00040656-00040901": "by the People's Republic of China", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00121-00040902-00041135": "but when UNITA was founded in the mid", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00122-00041136-00041522": "1960s China switched its support to this", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00123-00041523-00041876": "new movement because the FNLA had shown", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00124-00041877-00042275": "little real activity the United States", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00125-00042276-00042602": "refused to give the FNLA support during", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00126-00042603-00042893": "the movements war against Portugal which", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00127-00042894-00043256": "was a NATO ally of the US however the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00128-00043257-00043646": "FNLA did receive US aid during the Civil", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00129-00043647-00043860": "War", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00130-00043861-00044204": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00131-00044205-00044754": "topic you needa", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00132-00044755-00045147": "you and I TAS main social basis were the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00133-00045148-00045414": "ovum bundu of central angola who", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00134-00045415-00045648": "constituted about one third of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00135-00045649-00045884": "country's population but the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00136-00045885-00046146": "organization also had roots among", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00137-00046147-00046434": "several less numerous peoples of eastern", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00138-00046435-00046974": "angola UNITA was founded in 1966 by", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00139-00046975-00047271": "jonas savimbi who until then had been a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00140-00047272-00047703": "prominent leader of the FNLA during the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00141-00047704-00048003": "anti colonial war you need to received", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00142-00048004-00048192": "some support from the People's Republic", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00143-00048193-00048630": "of China with the onset of the civil war", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00144-00048631-00048909": "the United States decided to support", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00145-00048910-00049218": "UNITA and considerably augmented their", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00146-00049219-00049437": "aid to UNITA in the decades that", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00147-00049438-00049824": "followed however in the latter period", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00148-00049825-00050229": "you and I TAS main ally was the Republic", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00149-00050230-00050538": "of South Africa", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00150-00050539-00050915": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00151-00050916-00051574": "topic roots of the conflict", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00152-00051575-00051894": "Angola like most African countries", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00153-00051895-00052227": "became constituted as a nation through", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00154-00052228-00052636": "colonial intervention in Angola's case", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00155-00052637-00053050": "its colonial power Portugal was present", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00156-00053051-00053341": "and active in the territory in one way", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00157-00053341-00053811": "or another for over four centuries", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00158-00053812-00054159": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00159-00054160-00054788": "topic ethnic divisions", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00160-00054789-00055051": "the original population of this", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00161-00055052-00055356": "territory were dispersed Khoisan groups", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00162-00055357-00055705": "these were absorbed or pushed southwards", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00163-00055707-00056036": "we're residual groups still exist by a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00164-00056037-00056350": "massive influx of Bantu people who came", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00165-00056351-00056804": "from the north and east the Bantu influx", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00166-00056804-00057203": "began around 500 BC and some continued", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00167-00057204-00057416": "their migrations inside the territory", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00168-00057416-00057721": "well into the 20th century", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00169-00057722-00058006": "they established a number of major", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00170-00058007-00058274": "political units of which the most", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00171-00058275-00058544": "important was the Congo Empire whose", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00172-00058545-00058816": "center was located in the northwest of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00173-00058817-00059080": "what today as Angola and which stretched", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00174-00059082-00059344": "northwards into the west of the present", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00175-00059345-00059738": "Democratic Republic of the Congo DRC the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00176-00059739-00059975": "south and west of the contemporary", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00177-00059976-00060217": "Republic of Congo and even the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00178-00060219-00060638": "southernmost part of Gabon also of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00179-00060639-00060925": "historical importance were the end on go", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00180-00060926-00061180": "and Mutombo kingdoms to the south of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00181-00061182-00061593": "Congo Empire in the AM bundu area", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00182-00061594-00061874": "additionally the Lunda Empire in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00183-00061875-00062191": "southeast of the present-day DRC", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00184-00062191-00062474": "occupied a portion of what today as", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00185-00062475-00062851": "northeastern angola in the south of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00186-00062852-00063088": "territory and the north of present-day", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00187-00063089-00063449": "namibia lay the quan yama kingdom along", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00188-00063450-00063667": "with minor realms on the central", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00189-00063669-00064066": "highlands all these political units were", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00190-00064067-00064328": "a reflection of ethnic cleavages that", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00191-00064329-00064561": "slowly developed among the bantu", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00192-00064562-00064857": "populations and were instrumental in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00193-00064858-00065092": "consolidating these cleavages and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00194-00065094-00065332": "fostering the emergence of new and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00195-00065333-00065725": "distinct social identities", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00196-00065726-00066072": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00197-00066073-00066785": "topic Portuguese colonialism", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00198-00066786-00067042": "at the end of the 15th century", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00199-00067043-00067340": "Portuguese settlers made contact with", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00200-00067341-00067592": "the Congo Empire maintaining a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00201-00067593-00067898": "continuous presence in its territory and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00202-00067899-00068144": "enjoying considerable cultural and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00203-00068145-00068668": "religious influence thereafter in 1575", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00204-00068669-00068960": "Portugal established a settlement and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00205-00068961-00069242": "fort called st. Paul of Luanda on the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00206-00069243-00069536": "coast south of the Congo Empire in an", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00207-00069537-00069877": "area inhabited by AM bundu people", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00208-00069878-00070289": "another fort Benguela was established on", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00209-00070290-00070553": "the coast further south in a region", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00210-00070554-00070868": "inhabited by ancestors of the ovum bundu", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00211-00070869-00071243": "people neither of these Portuguese", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00212-00071244-00071489": "settlement efforts was launched for the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00213-00071490-00071909": "purpose of territorial conquest it is", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00214-00071910-00072188": "true that both gradually came to occupy", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00215-00072189-00072440": "and farm a broad area around their", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00216-00072441-00072584": "initial bridgeheads", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00217-00072585-00072872": "in the case of Luanda mostly along the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00218-00072873-00073289": "Lower Kwanza River however their main", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00219-00073290-00073586": "function was trade overwhelmingly the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00220-00073587-00073931": "slave trade slaves were bought from", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00221-00073932-00074216": "African intermediaries and sold to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00222-00074217-00074478": "Brazil and the Caribbean", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00223-00074479-00074763": "in addition Benguela developed a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00224-00074764-00075126": "commerce in ivory wax and honey which", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00225-00075127-00075378": "they bought from ovum bundu caravans", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00226-00075379-00075615": "which fetched these goods from among the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00227-00075616-00075873": "gang guala peoples in the eastern part", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00228-00075874-00076323": "of what is now angola nonetheless the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00229-00076324-00076611": "portuguese presence on the Angolan coast", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00230-00076612-00076884": "remains limited for much of the colonial", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00231-00076885-00077247": "period the degree of real colonial", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00232-00077248-00077532": "settlement was minor and with few", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00233-00077533-00077796": "exceptions the Portuguese did not", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00234-00077797-00078072": "interfere by means other than commercial", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00235-00078073-00078357": "in the social and political dynamics of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00236-00078358-00078716": "the native peoples there was no real", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00237-00078717-00079080": "delimitation of territory angola to all", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00238-00079081-00079555": "intents and purposes did not yet exist", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00239-00079556-00079948": "in the 19th century the Portuguese began", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00240-00079949-00080256": "a more serious program of advancing into", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00241-00080257-00080661": "the Continental interior however their", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00242-00080662-00080905": "intention was less territorial", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00243-00080906-00081180": "occupation and more establishing a de", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00244-00081181-00081460": "facto overlordship which allowed them to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00245-00081461-00081732": "establish commercial networks as well as", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00246-00081733-00082167": "a few settlements in this context they", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00247-00082168-00082411": "also moved further south along the coast", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00248-00082412-00082909": "and founded the third bridgehead of MOCA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00249-00082910-00083169": "meets in the course of this expansion", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00250-00083170-00083473": "they entered into conflict with several", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00251-00083474-00083726": "of the African political units", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00252-00083727-00084022": "territorial occupation only became a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00253-00084023-00084298": "central concern for Portugal in the last", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00254-00084299-00084600": "decades of the 19th century during the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00255-00084601-00084960": "European powers Scramble for Africa", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00256-00084961-00085435": "especially following the 1884 Berlin", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00257-00085436-00085757": "conference a number of military", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00258-00085758-00085992": "expeditions were organized as", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00259-00085993-00086260": "preconditions for obtaining territory", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00260-00086261-00086515": "which roughly corresponded to that of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00261-00086516-00086736": "present-day Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00262-00086737-00087298": "however as late as 1906 only about 6% of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00263-00087299-00087594": "that territory was effectively occupied", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00264-00087595-00087865": "and the military campaigns had to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00265-00087866-00088344": "continue by the mid 1920s the limits of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00266-00088345-00088644": "the territory were finally fixed and the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00267-00088645-00089116": "last primary resistance was quelled in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00268-00089117-00089323": "the early 1940s", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00269-00089324-00089661": "it is thus reasonable to talk of Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00270-00089662-00089967": "as a defined territorial entity from", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00271-00089968-00090296": "this point onwards", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00272-00090297-00090642": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00273-00090643-00090994": "topic build-up to independence and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00274-00090995-00091495": "rising tensions", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00275-00091496-00092110": "in 1961 the FNLA and the MPLA based in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00276-00092111-00092365": "neighboring countries began a guerrilla", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00277-00092366-00092644": "campaign against Portuguese rule on", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00278-00092645-00093051": "several fronts the Portuguese colonial", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00279-00093052-00093343": "war which included the Angolan war of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00280-00093344-00093661": "independence lasted until the Portuguese", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00281-00093662-00094044": "regime's overthrow in 1974 through a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00282-00094045-00094465": "leftist military coup in Lisbon when the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00283-00094466-00094732": "timeline for independence became known", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00284-00094733-00095092": "most of the roughly 500,000 ethnic", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00285-00095093-00095392": "Portuguese Angolans fled the territory", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00286-00095393-00095647": "during the weeks before or after that", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00287-00095648-00096051": "deadline Portugal left behind a newly", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00288-00096052-00096337": "independent country whose population was", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00289-00096338-00096682": "mainly composed by an bundu ovum bundu", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00290-00096683-00097113": "and Bakongo people's the Portuguese that", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00291-00097114-00097354": "lived in Angola accounted for the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00292-00097355-00097561": "majority of the skilled workers in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00293-00097562-00097915": "public administration agriculture and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00294-00097916-00098236": "Industry once they fled the country the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00295-00098237-00098497": "national economy began to sink into", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00296-00098498-00098769": "depression the South African government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00297-00098770-00099061": "initially became involved in an effort", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00298-00099062-00099282": "to counter the Chinese presence in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00299-00099283-00099532": "Angola which was feared might escalate", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00300-00099533-00099838": "the conflict into a local theatre of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00301-00099839-00100390": "Cold War in 1975 South African Prime", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00302-00100391-00100828": "Minister BJ Forster authorized operation", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00303-00100829-00101082": "Savannah which began as an effort to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00304-00101083-00101353": "protect engineers constructing the dam", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00305-00101354-00101722": "at Cala K after unruly UNITA soldiers", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00306-00101723-00102109": "took over the dam paid for by South", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00307-00102110-00102541": "Africa was felt to be at risk the South", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00308-00102542-00102949": "African Defence Force s ADF dispatched", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00309-00102950-00103276": "an armored task force to secure Cala K", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00310-00103277-00103497": "and from this operation Savannah", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00311-00103498-00103753": "escalated there being no formal", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00312-00103754-00104014": "government in place and thus no clear", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00313-00104015-00104389": "lines of authority the South Africans", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00314-00104390-00104629": "came to commit thousands of soldiers to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00315-00104630-00104893": "the intervention and ultimately", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00316-00104894-00105163": "clashed with Cuban forces assisting the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00317-00105164-00105458": "MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00318-00105459-00105838": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00319-00105839-00106861": "topic 1970s", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00320-00106863-00107483": "topic independence", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00321-00107483-00107801": "after the carnation revolution in Lisbon", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00322-00107802-00108010": "and the end of the Angolan war of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00323-00108011-00108258": "independence the parties of the conflict", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00324-00108259-00108614": "signed the Alvar Accords on the 15th of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00325-00108615-00109367": "January 1975 in July 1975 the MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00326-00109368-00109724": "violently forced the FNLA out of Luanda", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00327-00109725-00110033": "and you need a voluntarily withdrew to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00328-00110033-00110414": "its stronghold in the south by August", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00329-00110415-00110811": "the MPLA had control of 11 of the 15", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00330-00110813-00111146": "provincial capitals including cabinda", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00331-00111147-00111548": "and Luanda South Africa intervened on", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00332-00111549-00111949": "the 23rd of October sending between", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00333-00111950-00112328": "1,500 and 2,000 troops from Namibia into", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00334-00112329-00112613": "southern Angola in order to support the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00335-00112614-00113150": "FNLA and UNITA Zaire in a bid to install", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00336-00113151-00113446": "a pro Kinshasa government and thwart the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00337-00113447-00113809": "MPLA strive for power deployed armored", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00338-00113810-00114149": "cars paratroopers and three infantry", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00339-00114150-00114440": "battalions to Angola in support of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00340-00114441-00114961": "FNLA within three weeks South African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00341-00114963-00115217": "and UNITA forces had captured five", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00342-00115218-00115514": "provincial capitals including novo", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00343-00115515-00115928": "Redondo and Benguela in response to the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00344-00115929-00116272": "South African intervention Cuba sent", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00345-00116273-00116606": "18,000 soldiers as part of a large-scale", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00346-00116607-00116846": "military intervention nicknamed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00347-00116847-00117307": "Operation Carlota in support of the MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00348-00117308-00117692": "Cuba had initially provided the MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00349-00117693-00118108": "with 230 military advisers prior to the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00350-00118109-00118408": "South African intervention", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00351-00118409-00118719": "additionally Yugoslavia sent two", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00352-00118720-00118992": "warships of the Yugoslav Navy to the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00353-00118993-00119379": "coast of Luanda to aid the MPLA in Cuban", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00354-00119380-00119766": "forces the Cuban and Yugoslavs", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00355-00119767-00120006": "intervention proved decisive in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00356-00120007-00120243": "repelling the South African UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00357-00120244-00120738": "advance the FNLA were likewise routed at", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00358-00120739-00121008": "the Battle of quaffing Gondo and forced", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00359-00121008-00121374": "to retreat towards Zaire the defeat of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00360-00121375-00121803": "the FNLA allowed the MPLA to consolidate", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00361-00121804-00122283": "power over the capital Luanda Agostinho", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00362-00122283-00122660": "Neto the leader of the MPLA declared the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00363-00122661-00122903": "independence of the Portuguese overseas", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00364-00122904-00123195": "province of Angola as the People's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00365-00123196-00123465": "Republic of Angola on the 11th of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00366-00123466-00123939": "November 1975 you need a declared", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00367-00123940-00124206": "Angolan independence as the Social", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00368-00124207-00124515": "Democratic Republic of Angola based in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00369-00124516-00124821": "huambo and the FNLA declared the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00370-00124822-00125133": "Democratic Republic of Angola based in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00371-00125133-00125613": "ambrus flec armed and backed by the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00372-00125614-00125822": "French government declared the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00373-00125823-00126096": "Independence of the Republic of Cabinda", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00374-00126097-00126588": "from Paris the FNLA and UNITA forged an", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00375-00126589-00126855": "alliance on the 23rd of November", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00376-00126856-00127040": "proclaiming their own coalition", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00377-00127041-00127347": "government based in Huambo with Holden", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00378-00127348-00127595": "Roberto and Jonas Savimbi as", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00379-00127596-00127910": "co-presidents and Jose andele and Johnny", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00380-00127911-00128232": "pinic Eduardo as Co prime ministers in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00381-00128233-00128679": "early November 1975 the South African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00382-00128680-00128936": "government warned Savimbi and Roberto", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00383-00128938-00129225": "that the South African Defense Force s", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00384-00129226-00129621": "ADF would soon end operations in Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00385-00129622-00129903": "despite the failure of the coalition to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00386-00129904-00130158": "capture Luanda and therefore secure", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00387-00130158-00130383": "international recognition for their", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00388-00130383-00130773": "government Savimbi desperate to avoid", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00389-00130774-00131060": "the withdrawal of South Africa asked", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00390-00131061-00131241": "general constant-volume", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00391-00131242-00131478": "to arrange a meeting for him with prime", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00392-00131479-00131769": "minister of South Africa John Force", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00393-00131770-00132033": "who had been Savimbi's Ally since", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00394-00132034-00132546": "october 1974 on the night of the 10th of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00395-00132547-00132792": "november the day before the formal", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00396-00132793-00133104": "declaration of independence Savimbi", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00397-00133105-00133356": "secretly flew to Pretoria to meet", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00398-00133357-00133824": "Vorster in a reversal of policy Vorster", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00399-00133825-00134076": "not only agreed to keep his troops in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00400-00134077-00134349": "Angola through November but also", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00401-00134350-00134712": "promised to withdraw the ADF only after", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00402-00134713-00135029": "the OAU meeting on the 9th of December", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00403-00135030-00135432": "the Soviets well aware of South African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00404-00135433-00135750": "activity in southern Angola flew Cuban", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00405-00135751-00135993": "soldiers into Luanda the week before", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00406-00135994-00136416": "independence while Cuban officers led", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00407-00136417-00136641": "the mission and provided the bulk of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00408-00136642-00136995": "troop force 60 Soviet officers in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00409-00136996-00137271": "Congo joined the Cubans on the 12th of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00410-00137272-00137670": "November the Soviet leadership expressly", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00411-00137671-00137934": "forbade the Cubans from intervening in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00412-00137935-00138249": "Angola is civil war focusing the mission", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00413-00138250-00138740": "on containing South Africa in 1975 and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00414-00138741-00139083": "1976 most foreign forces with the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00415-00139084-00139464": "exception of Cuba withdrew the last", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00416-00139465-00139700": "elements of the Portuguese military", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00417-00139701-00140097": "withdrew in 1975 and the South African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00418-00140098-00140676": "military withdrew in February 1976", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00419-00140677-00141030": "however Cuba's troop force in Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00420-00141031-00141620": "increased from 5,500 in December 1975 to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00421-00141621-00142268": "11,000 in February 1976 Sweden provided", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00422-00142269-00142518": "humanitarian assistance to both the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00423-00142519-00142725": "SWAPO and the MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00424-00142726-00143094": "in the mid-1970s and regularly raised", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00425-00143095-00143355": "the issue of UNITA in political", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00426-00143356-00143785": "discussions between the two movements", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00427-00143786-00144132": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00428-00144133-00144761": "topic Clark amendment", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00429-00144762-00145044": "President of the United States Gerald", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00430-00145045-00145362": "Ford approved covert aid to UNITA and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00431-00145363-00145640": "the FNLA through operation eeeyah", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00432-00145641-00146118": "feature on the 18th of July 1975 despite", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00433-00146119-00146394": "strong opposition from officials in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00434-00146395-00146600": "State Department and the Central", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00435-00146601-00147093": "Intelligence Agency CIA Ford told", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00436-00147094-00147365": "William Colby the Director of Central", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00437-00147366-00147732": "Intelligence to establish the operation", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00438-00147733-00148097": "providing an initial six million dollars", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00439-00148098-00148434": "he granted an additional eight million", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00440-00148435-00148763": "dollars on the 27th of July and another", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00441-00148764-00149177": "25 million dollars in August", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00442-00149178-00149488": "two days before the program's approval", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00443-00149489-00149840": "Nathaniel Davis the Assistant Secretary", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00444-00149841-00150128": "of State told Henry Kissinger the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00445-00150129-00150407": "Secretary of State that he believed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00446-00150408-00150659": "maintaining the secrecy of via feature", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00447-00150660-00150874": "would be impossible", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00448-00150875-00151190": "Davis correctly predicted the Soviet", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00449-00151191-00151405": "Union would respond by increasing", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00450-00151406-00151685": "involvement in the Angolan conflict", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00451-00151686-00151961": "leading to more violence and negative", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00452-00151962-00152345": "publicity for the United States when", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00453-00152346-00152686": "Ford approved the program Davis resigned", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00454-00152687-00153149": "john stockwell the CIA station chief in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00455-00153150-00153485": "Angola echoed Davis's criticism saying", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00456-00153486-00153764": "that success required the expansion of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00457-00153765-00153977": "the program but it's size already", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00458-00153978-00154217": "exceeded what could be hidden from the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00459-00154218-00154384": "public eye", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00460-00154385-00154781": "Davis's deputy former US ambassador to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00461-00154782-00155174": "Chile Edward Mulcahy also opposed direct", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00462-00155175-00155573": "involvement milk' he presented three", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00463-00155574-00155936": "options for US policy towards Angola on", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00464-00155937-00156485": "the 13th of May 1975 Mulcahy believed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00465-00156486-00156701": "the Ford administration could use", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00466-00156702-00156983": "diplomacy to campaign against foreign", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00467-00156984-00157349": "aid to the communist MPLA refused to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00468-00157350-00157595": "take sides in factional fighting or", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00469-00157596-00158002": "increased support for the FNLA and UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00470-00158003-00158339": "he warned however that supporting UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00471-00158340-00158650": "would not sit well with Mobutu Sese Seko", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00472-00158651-00159022": "the president of Zaire dick Clarke a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00473-00159023-00159362": "Democratic senator from Iowa discovered", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00474-00159363-00159602": "the operation during a fact-finding", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00475-00159603-00159908": "mission in Africa but Seymour Hersh a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00476-00159909-00160223": "reporter for The New York Times revealed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00477-00160224-00160487": "eeeyah feature to the public on the 13th", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00478-00160488-00160988": "of December 1975 Clarke proposed an", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00479-00160989-00161318": "amendment to the arms Export Control Act", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00480-00161319-00161621": "barring aid to private groups engaged in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00481-00161622-00161957": "military or paramilitary operations in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00482-00161958-00162380": "Angola the Senate passed the bill voting", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00483-00162381-00162553": "54 to 20", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00484-00162554-00162964": "- on the 19th of December 1975 and the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00485-00162965-00163237": "House of Representatives passed the bill", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00486-00163238-00163899": "voting 323 to 99 on the 27th of January", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00487-00163900-00164381": "1976 Ford signed the bill into law on", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00488-00164382-00164933": "the 9th of February 1976 even after the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00489-00164934-00165241": "Clark amendment became law then director", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00490-00165242-00165613": "of Central Intelligence George HW Bush", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00491-00165614-00165916": "refused to concede that all US aid to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00492-00165917-00166336": "Angola had ceased according to foreign", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00493-00166337-00166646": "affairs analyst Jane hunter Israel", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00494-00166647-00166951": "stepped in as a proxy arms supplier for", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00495-00166952-00167236": "South Africa after the Clark amendment", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00496-00167237-00167657": "took effect Israel and South Africa", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00497-00167658-00167911": "established a long-standing military", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00498-00167912-00168199": "alliance in which Israel provided", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00499-00168200-00168422": "weapons and training as well as", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00500-00168423-00168770": "conducting joint military exercises the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00501-00168771-00169111": "US government vetoed Angolan entry into", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00502-00169112-00169485": "the United Nations on the 23rd of June", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00503-00169486-00170002": "1976 Zambia forbade UNITA from launching", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00504-00170003-00170309": "attacks from its territory on the 28th", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00505-00170310-00170824": "of December 1976 after Angola under MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00506-00170825-00171100": "rule became a member of the United", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00507-00171101-00171256": "Nations", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00508-00171257-00171593": "according to ambassador William Scranton", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00509-00171594-00171847": "the United States abstained from voting", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00510-00171848-00172184": "on the issue of Angola becoming a UN", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00511-00172185-00172504": "member state out of respect for the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00512-00172505-00172859": "sentiments expressed by its our African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00513-00172860-00173049": "friends", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00514-00173050-00173523": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00515-00173524-00174165": "topic Shabba invasions", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00516-00174166-00174591": "about 1,500 members of the front for the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00517-00174592-00174966": "national liberation of the Congo FN LC", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00518-00174967-00175287": "invaded Shaba province modern-day", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00519-00175288-00175614": "Katanga province in Zaire from eastern", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00520-00175615-00176208": "angola on the 7th of march 1977 the FN", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00521-00176209-00176541": "LC wanted to overthrow Mobutu and the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00522-00176542-00176895": "MPLA government suffering from Mobutu's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00523-00176896-00177249": "support for the FNLA and UNITA did not", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00524-00177250-00177687": "try to stop the invasion the FN LC", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00525-00177688-00177972": "failed to capture coal wizzy a year's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00526-00177973-00178317": "economic Heartland but took kesaji and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00527-00178318-00178740": "muchacha the zygerria an army the forces", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00528-00178741-00179081": "are mais zr o Isis was defeated without", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00529-00179082-00179427": "difficulty in the FN LC continued to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00530-00179428-00179841": "advance on the 2nd of April Mobutu", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00531-00179842-00180084": "appealed to William II techie of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00532-00180085-00180399": "Cameroon chairman of the organization of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00533-00180400-00180828": "African Unity for assistance eight days", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00534-00180829-00181143": "later the French government responded to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00535-00181144-00181542": "Mobutu's plea and airlifted 1500", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00536-00181543-00181953": "moroccan troops into Kinshasa this force", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00537-00181954-00182220": "worked in conjunction with the Syrian", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00538-00182221-00182622": "army the FNLA and egyptian pilots flying", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00539-00182623-00182916": "french maids i Aryan Mirage fighter", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00540-00182917-00183357": "aircraft to beat back the F and LC the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00541-00183358-00183615": "counter invasion force pushed the last", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00542-00183616-00183863": "of the militants along with numerous", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00543-00183864-00184316": "refugees into Angola and Zambia in April", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00544-00184317-00184830": "1977 Mobutu accused the MPLA cuban and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00545-00184831-00185109": "Soviet governments of complicity in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00546-00185110-00185487": "war while Ned you did support the F and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00547-00185488-00185886": "L see the MPLA government's support came", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00548-00185887-00186162": "in response to Mobutu's continued", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00549-00186163-00186570": "support for angola's F and L a the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00550-00186571-00186864": "carter administration unconvinced of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00551-00186865-00187176": "cuban involvement responded by offering", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00552-00187177-00187538": "a meager $15 million worth of non mil", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00553-00187539-00187940": "Terry 8american timidity during the war", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00554-00187941-00188295": "prompted a shift in sires foreign policy", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00555-00188296-00188552": "towards greater engagement with France", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00556-00188553-00188876": "which became say year's largest supplier", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00557-00188877-00189296": "of arms after the intervention nattu and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00558-00189297-00189578": "Mobutu signed a border agreement on the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00559-00189579-00190170": "22nd of July 1977 john stockwell the CIA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00560-00190171-00190520": "station chief in Angola resigned after", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00561-00190521-00190876": "the invasion explaining in the April", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00562-00190877-00191279": "1977 The Washington Post article why I", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00563-00191280-00191711": "am leaving the CIA that he had warned", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00564-00191712-00192018": "Secretary of State Henry Kissinger that", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00565-00192019-00192221": "continued American support for", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00566-00192222-00192515": "anti-government rebels in Angola could", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00567-00192516-00192914": "provoke a war with Zaire he also said", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00568-00192915-00193220": "that covert Soviet involvement in Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00569-00193221-00193583": "came after and in response to u.s.", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00570-00193584-00193949": "involvement the F n LC invaded Shaba", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00571-00193950-00194394": "again on the 11th of May 1978 capturing", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00572-00194395-00194786": "Col wedgie in two days while the carter", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00573-00194787-00195035": "administration had accepted Cuba's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00574-00195036-00195308": "insistence on its non involvement in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00575-00195309-00195606": "Shaba I and therefore did not stand with", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00576-00195607-00195941": "Mobutu the US government now accused", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00577-00195942-00196356": "Castro of complicity this time when", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00578-00196357-00196593": "Mobutu appealed for foreign assistance", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00579-00196594-00196916": "the US government worked with the French", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00580-00196917-00197189": "and Belgian militaries to beat back the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00581-00197190-00197457": "invasion the first military cooperation", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00582-00197458-00197741": "between France and the United States", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00583-00197742-00198179": "since the Vietnam War the French Foreign", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00584-00198180-00198422": "Legion took back Col Wesley after a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00585-00198423-00198857": "seven day battle and airlifted 2250", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00586-00198858-00199148": "European citizens to Belgium but not", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00587-00199149-00199448": "before the F and LC massacred 80", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00588-00199449-00199895": "Europeans and 200 Africans in one", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00589-00199896-00200363": "instance the F n LC killed 34 European", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00590-00200364-00200738": "civilians who had hidden in a room the F", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00591-00200739-00200893": "n LC", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00592-00200894-00201346": "to Zambia vowing to return to Angola the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00593-00201347-00201648": "Syrian army then forcibly evicted", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00594-00201649-00201921": "civilians along Shabbas border with", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00595-00201922-00202350": "Angola Mobutu wanting to prevent any", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00596-00202351-00202626": "chance of another invasion ordered his", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00597-00202627-00202988": "troops to shoot on sight US mediated", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00598-00202989-00203325": "negotiations between the MPLA and zyi", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00599-00203326-00203694": "and governments led to a peace accord in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00600-00203695-00203979": "1979 and an end to support for", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00601-00203980-00204246": "insurgencies in each other's respective", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00602-00204247-00204374": "countries", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00603-00204375-00204750": "Zaire temporarily cut off support to the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00604-00204751-00205206": "flec the FNLA and UNITA and Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00605-00205207-00205753": "forbade further activity by the FN LC", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00606-00205754-00206100": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00607-00206101-00206669": "topic Nidhi stirs", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00608-00206669-00207152": "by the late 1970s interior minister Neto", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00609-00207153-00207421": "Alves had become a powerful member of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00610-00207423-00207844": "the MPLA government Alves had", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00611-00207844-00208144": "successfully put down Daniel chippin des", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00612-00208146-00208411": "Eastern revolt and the active revolt", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00613-00208412-00208788": "during angola's war of independence", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00614-00208789-00209134": "factionalism within the MPLA became a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00615-00209135-00209508": "major challenge to nito's power by late", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00616-00209509-00209878": "1975 and net who gave Alves the task of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00617-00209879-00210204": "once again clamping down on dissent", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00618-00210205-00210529": "Alves shut down the Cabral and hen de", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00619-00210530-00210740": "committees while expanding his influence", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00620-00210741-00211105": "within the MPLA through his control of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00621-00211106-00211340": "the nation's newspapers and state-run", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00622-00211341-00211780": "television Alves visited the Soviet", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00623-00211781-00212192": "Union in October 1976 and may have", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00624-00212192-00212438": "obtained Soviet support for a coup", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00625-00212439-00212881": "against Neto by the time he returned net", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00626-00212882-00213119": "who had grown suspicious of Alves", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00627-00213119-00213379": "growing power and sought to neutralize", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00628-00213380-00213723": "him and his followers the Nidhi stes", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00629-00213725-00214003": "nattu called a plenum meeting of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00630-00214004-00214421": "Central Committee of the MPLA net who", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00631-00214421-00214735": "formally designated the party as Marxist", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00632-00214736-00215069": "Leninist abolished the interior ministry", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00633-00215069-00215305": "of which Alves was the head and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00634-00215306-00215696": "established a commission of inquiry net", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00635-00215696-00215929": "who used the Commission to target the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00636-00215930-00216167": "NIT East Asst and ordered the Commission", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00637-00216167-00216413": "to issue a report of its findings in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00638-00216414-00216967": "March 1977 Alves and chief of staff", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00639-00216969-00217346": "Jose Van Dunham his political ally began", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00640-00217346-00217726": "planning a coup d'etat against Neto", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00641-00217727-00218039": "Alves and Van Dunham planned to arrest", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00642-00218040-00218353": "Neto on the 21st of May before he", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00643-00218354-00218546": "arrived at a meeting of the Central", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00644-00218546-00218765": "Committee and before the Commission", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00645-00218766-00219046": "released its report on the activities of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00646-00219048-00219228": "the NIT Easter's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00647-00219229-00219636": "however the MPLA changed the location of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00648-00219637-00219888": "the meeting shortly before its scheduled", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00649-00219889-00220173": "start throwing the platters plans into", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00650-00220173-00220467": "disarray but Alves attended the meeting", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00651-00220467-00220788": "and faced the Commission anyway the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00652-00220789-00221094": "Commission released its report accusing", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00653-00221094-00221450": "him of factionalism Alves fought back", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00654-00221451-00221709": "denouncing Nadeau for not aligning", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00655-00221710-00222132": "Angola with the Soviet Union after 12", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00656-00222133-00222527": "hours of debate the party voted 26262", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00657-00222528-00222846": "dismiss Alves and Van Dunham from their", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00658-00222846-00223148": "positions in support of Alves and the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00659-00223150-00223419": "coup the people's armed forces for the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00660-00223419-00223842": "liberation of Angola FA PLA 8th Brigade", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00661-00223842-00224106": "broke into South Paulo prison on the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00662-00224107-00224444": "27th of May killing the prison warden", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00663-00224446-00224798": "and freeing more than 150 niddy stays", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00664-00224798-00225153": "the 8th Brigade then took control of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00665-00225154-00225441": "radio station in Luanda and announced", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00666-00225442-00225777": "their coup calling themselves the MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00667-00225778-00226137": "Action Committee the brigade asked", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00668-00226138-00226380": "citizens to show their support for the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00669-00226381-00226632": "coup by demonstrating in front of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00670-00226633-00227001": "presidential palace the NIT East is", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00671-00227002-00227301": "captured bula and danger o generals", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00672-00227302-00227598": "loyal to nattu but net who had moved his", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00673-00227598-00227871": "base of operations from the palace to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00674-00227871-00228129": "the Ministry of Defence in fear of such", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00675-00228130-00228569": "an uprising Cuban troops loyal to nattu", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00676-00228571-00228816": "retook the palace and marched to the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00677-00228817-00229215": "radio station the Cubans succeeded in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00678-00229216-00229491": "taking the radio station and proceeded", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00679-00229492-00229709": "to the barracks of the 8th Brigade", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00680-00229710-00230051": "recapturing it by 1:30 p.m.", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00681-00230052-00230358": "while the Cuban force captured the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00682-00230359-00230669": "palace and radio station the NIT East is", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00683-00230671-00230883": "kidnapped seven leaders within the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00684-00230884-00231153": "government and the military shooting and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00685-00231154-00231546": "killing six the MPLA government arrested", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00686-00231546-00231807": "tens of thousands of suspected mideast", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00687-00231808-00232067": "is from May to November and tried them", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00688-00232069-00232350": "in secret courts overseen by defense", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00689-00232351-00232605": "minister ICO Carrera", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00690-00232606-00232863": "those who were found guilty including", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00691-00232864-00233363": "Van Dunham Jacobo immortal monster", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00692-00233364-00233673": "Caetano the head of the eighth Brigade", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00693-00233673-00234027": "and political commissar Eduardo Evaristo", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00694-00234028-00234441": "were shot and buried in secret graves at", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00695-00234442-00234767": "least 2,000 followers or alleged", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00696-00234769-00235119": "followers of Neto Alves were estimated", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00697-00235119-00235392": "to have been killed by Cuban and MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00698-00235392-00235662": "troops in the aftermath with some", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00699-00235663-00235986": "estimates claiming as high as 70,000", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00700-00235987-00236355": "dead the coup attempt had a lasting", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00701-00236356-00236681": "effect on Angola's foreign relations", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00702-00236682-00237069": "Alves had opposed nito's foreign policy", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00703-00237069-00237426": "of non-alignment evolutionary socialism", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00704-00237427-00237756": "and multiracialism favoring stronger", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00705-00237757-00238032": "relations with the Soviet Union which", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00706-00238033-00238362": "Alves wanted to grant military bases in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00707-00238363-00238776": "Angola while Cuban soldiers actively", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00708-00238777-00239058": "helped Ned to put down the coup Alves", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00709-00239059-00239361": "and Netta both believed the Soviet Union", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00710-00239362-00239711": "opposed nattu Cuban Armed Forces", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00711-00239712-00240067": "Minister Raul Castro sent an additional", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00712-00240069-00240309": "4,000 troops to prevent further", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00713-00240310-00240651": "dissension within the MPLA x' ranks and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00714-00240652-00240942": "met with nattu in august in a display of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00715-00240942-00241440": "solidarity in contrast nito's distrust", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00716-00241441-00241701": "of the Soviet leadership increased and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00717-00241702-00242114": "relations with the USSR worsened in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00718-00242115-00242529": "December the MPLA held its first party", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00719-00242530-00242783": "Congress and changed its name to the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00720-00242784-00243417": "MPLA Workers Party MP LAPT the NIT ISTA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00721-00243417-00243729": "attempted coup took a toll on the MPL", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00722-00243730-00244326": "A's membership in 1975 the MPLA had", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00723-00244327-00244677": "reached 200,000 members but after the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00724-00244678-00244941": "first Party Congress that number", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00725-00244942-00245317": "decreased to 30,000", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00726-00245319-00245665": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00727-00245666-00246280": "topic replacing nattu", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00728-00246281-00246553": "the Soviets tried to increase their", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00729-00246554-00246863": "influence wanting to establish permanent", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00730-00246864-00247180": "military bases in Angola but despite", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00731-00247181-00247463": "persistent lobbying especially by the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00732-00247464-00247870": "Soviet chargee d'affaires GA zeref net", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00733-00247871-00248098": "who stood his ground and refused to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00734-00248099-00248329": "allow the construction of permanent", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00735-00248330-00248762": "military bases with Alves no longer a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00736-00248763-00249065": "possibility the Soviet Union backed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00737-00249066-00249358": "Prime Minister Lobo do Nascimento", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00738-00249359-00249610": "against net you for the MPL A's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00739-00249611-00250040": "leadership net who moved swiftly getting", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00740-00250041-00250269": "the party's Central Committee to fire", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00741-00250270-00250528": "Nascimento from his posts as Prime", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00742-00250529-00250833": "Minister secretary of the Politburo", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00743-00250834-00251116": "director of national television and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00744-00251117-00251403": "director of Journal de Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00745-00251404-00251755": "later that month the positions of Prime", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00746-00251756-00252031": "Minister and Deputy Prime Minister were", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00747-00252032-00252346": "abolished net who diversified the ethnic", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00748-00252347-00252655": "composition of the MPLA spa litical", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00749-00252656-00252916": "Bureau as he replaced the hardline old", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00750-00252917-00253207": "guard with new blood including Jose", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00751-00253208-00253637": "Eduardo dos Santos when he died on the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00752-00253638-00254023": "10th of September 1979 the party's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00753-00254024-00254281": "Central Committee unanimously voted to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00754-00254282-00254732": "elect dos Santos as president", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00755-00254733-00255103": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00756-00255104-00255755": "topic 1980s", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00757-00255756-00256103": "under dos Santos is leadership and goal", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00758-00256104-00256310": "and troops crossed the border into", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00759-00256311-00256628": "Namibia for the first time on the 31st", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00760-00256629-00257084": "of October going into Cavan go the next", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00761-00257085-00257335": "day dos Santos signed a non-aggression", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00762-00257336-00257894": "pact with Zambia and Zoey in the 1980s", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00763-00257894-00258098": "fighting spread outward from", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00764-00258098-00258392": "southeastern Angola where most of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00765-00258392-00258761": "fighting had taken place in the 1970s as", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00766-00258762-00259139": "the national Congolese army anc and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00767-00259140-00259550": "SWAPO increased their activity the South", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00768-00259551-00259798": "African government responded by sending", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00769-00259800-00260162": "troops back into Angola intervening in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00770-00260163-00260636": "the war from 1981 to 1987 prompting the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00771-00260637-00260923": "Soviet Union to deliver massive amounts", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00772-00260925-00261529": "of military aid from 1981 to 1986 the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00773-00261530-00261938": "USSR gave the MPLA more than two billion", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00774-00261939-00262586": "dollars in aid in 1984 in 1981 newly", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00775-00262587-00262862": "elected United States President Ronald", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00776-00262863-00263168": "Reagan's us Assistant Secretary of State", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00777-00263169-00263366": "for African affairs", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00778-00263367-00263663": "Chester Crocker developed a linkage", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00779-00263664-00263984": "policy tying Namibian independence to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00780-00263985-00264299": "Cuban withdrawal and peace in Angola the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00781-00264300-00264533": "South African military attacked", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00782-00264534-00264866": "insurgents in q9 province on the 12th of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00783-00264867-00265346": "May 1980 the Angolan Ministry of Defence", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00784-00265347-00265634": "accused the South African government of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00785-00265635-00266030": "wounding and killing civilians nine days", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00786-00266031-00266390": "later the essay d/f attacked again this", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00787-00266391-00266606": "time in cuando Cubango", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00788-00266607-00266906": "and the MPLA threatened to respond", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00789-00266907-00267359": "militarily the SAF launched a full-scale", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00790-00267360-00267734": "invasion of Angola through q9 and cuando", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00791-00267735-00268157": "Cubango on the 7th of June destroying SW", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00792-00268158-00268502": "apos operational command headquarters on", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00793-00268503-00268762": "the 13th of June in what Prime Minister", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00794-00268763-00269108": "Peter Willem Botha described as a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00795-00269109-00269552": "shock attack the MPLA government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00796-00269553-00269909": "arrested 120 Angolans who were planning", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00797-00269910-00270218": "to set off explosives in Luanda on the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00798-00270219-00270604": "24th of June foiling a plot purportedly", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00799-00270605-00270776": "orchestrated by the South African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00800-00270777-00271223": "government three days later the United", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00801-00271224-00271553": "Nations Security Council convened at the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00802-00271554-00271874": "behest of Angola's ambassador to the UN", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00803-00271875-00272171": "EDA Figueiredo and condemned South", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00804-00272172-00272515": "Africa's incursions into Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00805-00272516-00272888": "president Mobutu of zyah are also cited", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00806-00272889-00273356": "with the MPLA the MPLA government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00807-00273357-00273755": "recorded 529 instances in which they", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00808-00273756-00274061": "claimed South African forces violated", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00809-00274062-00274354": "Angola's territorial sovereignty between", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00810-00274355-00274793": "January and June 1980 Cuba increased its", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00811-00274794-00275221": "troop force in Angola from 35,000 in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00812-00275222-00275870": "1982 to 40,000 in 1985 South African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00813-00275871-00276128": "forces tried to capture Liu bang go", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00814-00276129-00276488": "capital of houla province in operation", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00815-00276489-00277109": "Ascari in December 1983 also in order to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00816-00277110-00277544": "enhance MP la's combat capacity Romania", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00817-00277545-00277880": "sent 150 flight instructors and other", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00818-00277881-00278186": "aviation personnel who contributed to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00819-00278187-00278492": "the establishment of an Angolan military", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00820-00278493-00279073": "aviation school on the 2nd of June 1985", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00821-00279074-00279395": "American conservative activists held a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00822-00279396-00279671": "democratic international a symbolic", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00823-00279672-00279989": "meeting of anti-communist militants at", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00824-00279990-00280393": "you and I TAS headquarters in jamba", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00825-00280394-00280703": "primarily funded by Rite Aid founder", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00826-00280704-00280945": "Luis Lehrman and organized by", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00827-00280946-00281210": "anti-communist activists Jack Abramoff", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00828-00281211-00281576": "and Jack wheeler participants included", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00829-00281577-00281912": "Savimbi Adolfo Calero leader of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00830-00281913-00282254": "Nicaraguan Contras pop how her Hmong", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00831-00282255-00282492": "Laotian rebel leader you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00832-00282493-00282801": "as Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North South", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00833-00282802-00283125": "African security forces Abdul Rahim", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00834-00283126-00283515": "Wardak Afghan mujahideen leader Jack", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00835-00283516-00283833": "wheeler American Conservative policy", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00836-00283834-00284234": "advocate and many others the Reagan", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00837-00284235-00284469": "administration although unwilling to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00838-00284470-00284738": "publicly support the meeting privately", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00839-00284739-00285123": "expressed approval the governments of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00840-00285124-00285414": "Israel and South Africa supported the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00841-00285415-00285714": "idea but both respective countries were", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00842-00285715-00285936": "deemed inadvisable for hosting the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00843-00285937-00286233": "conference the participants released a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00844-00286234-00286484": "communique stating", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00845-00286485-00286730": "we free people's fighting for our", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00846-00286731-00287011": "national independence and human rights", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00847-00287012-00287273": "assembled at Jamba declare our", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00848-00287274-00287555": "solidarity with all freedom movements in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00849-00287556-00287804": "the world and state our commitment to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00850-00287805-00288071": "cooperate to liberate our nations from", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00851-00288072-00288509": "the Soviet imperialists the United", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00852-00288510-00288862": "States House of Representatives voted", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00853-00288863-00289319": "236 to 185 to repeal the clerk amendment", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00854-00289320-00289919": "on the 11th of July 1985 the MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00855-00289920-00290147": "government began attacking you need a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00856-00290148-00290402": "later that month from Luana towards", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00857-00290403-00290702": "kizomba along the bank whele railway in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00858-00290703-00291016": "a military operation named congresso -", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00859-00291017-00291200": "taking kizomba", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00860-00291201-00291638": "on the 18th of september the MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00861-00291639-00291929": "government tried unsuccessfully to take", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00862-00291930-00292271": "you an IT a supply depot in mavs inga", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00863-00292272-00292673": "from mening while the attack failed very", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00864-00292674-00292934": "different interpretations of the attack", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00865-00292935-00293336": "emerged you need acclaimed Portuguese", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00866-00293337-00293678": "speaking Soviet officers led FA PLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00867-00293679-00293933": "troops while the government said you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00868-00293934-00294161": "need a relied on South African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00869-00294162-00294556": "paratroopers to defeat the MPLA attack", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00870-00294557-00294914": "the South African government admitted to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00871-00294915-00295193": "fighting in the area but said its troops", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00872-00295194-00295580": "fought SWAPO militants", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00873-00295581-00295924": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00874-00295925-00296587": "topic war intensifies", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00875-00296588-00297058": "by 1986 Angola began to assume a more", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00876-00297059-00297289": "central role in the Cold War", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00877-00297290-00297577": "with the Soviet Union Cuba and other", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00878-00297578-00297880": "Eastern Bloc nations enhancing support", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00879-00297881-00298198": "for the MPLA government and American", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00880-00298199-00298453": "conservatives beginning to elevate their", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00881-00298454-00298849": "support for Savimbi's UNITA Savimbi", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00882-00298850-00299058": "developed close relations with", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00883-00299059-00299380": "influential American conservatives who", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00884-00299381-00299686": "saw Savimbi as a key ally in the u.s.", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00885-00299687-00299971": "effort to oppose and rollback Soviet", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00886-00299972-00300259": "backed undemocratic governments around", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00887-00300260-00300697": "the world the conflict quickly escalated", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00888-00300698-00301000": "with both Washington and Moscow seeing", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00889-00301001-00301300": "it as a critical strategic conflict in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00890-00301301-00301735": "the Cold War the Soviet Union gave an", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00891-00301736-00302002": "additional 1 billion dollars in aid to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00892-00302003-00302359": "the MPLA government and Cuba sent an", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00893-00302360-00302752": "additional 2,000 troops to the 35,000", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00894-00302753-00303016": "strong force in Angola to protect", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00895-00303017-00303598": "Chevron oil platforms in 1986 Savimbi", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00896-00303599-00303883": "had called Chevron's presence in Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00897-00303884-00304245": "already protected by Cuban troops a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00898-00304246-00304636": "target for UNITA in an interview with", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00899-00304637-00304975": "foreign policy magazine on the 31st of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00900-00304976-00305344": "January in Washington Savimbi forged", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00901-00305345-00305610": "close relationships with influential", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00902-00305611-00305902": "conservatives including Michael Johns", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00903-00305903-00306247": "the Heritage Foundation's foreign policy", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00904-00306248-00306523": "analysts and a key Savimbi advocate", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00905-00306524-00306700": "grover norquist", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00906-00306701-00306967": "president of Americans for Tax Reform", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00907-00306968-00307270": "and a Savimbi economic adviser and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00908-00307271-00307552": "others who played critical roles in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00909-00307553-00307885": "elevating escalated u.s. covert aid to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00910-00307886-00308020": "Savimbi's UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00911-00308021-00308284": "and visited with Savimbi in his jamba", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00912-00308285-00308536": "angola headquarters to provide the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00913-00308537-00308794": "Angolan rebel leader with military", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00914-00308795-00309082": "political and other guidance in his war", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00915-00309083-00309410": "against the MPLA government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00916-00309411-00309734": "with enhanced u.s. support the war", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00917-00309735-00310037": "quickly escalated both in terms of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00918-00310038-00310322": "intensity of the conflict and also in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00919-00310323-00310595": "its perception as a key conflict in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00920-00310596-00310856": "overall Cold War in addition to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00921-00310857-00311123": "escalating its military support for", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00922-00311124-00311420": "UNITA the Reagan administration and its", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00923-00311421-00311684": "conservative allies also worked to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00924-00311685-00311981": "expand recognition of Savimbi as a key", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00925-00311982-00312260": "US ally in an important Cold War", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00926-00312261-00312851": "struggle in January 1986 Reagan invited", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00927-00312852-00313198": "Savimbi to a meeting at the White House", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00928-00313199-00313502": "following the meeting Reagan spoke of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00929-00313503-00313801": "UNITA as winning a victory that", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00930-00313802-00314216": "electrifies the world two months later", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00931-00314217-00314498": "Reagan announced the delivery of Stinger", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00932-00314499-00314753": "surface-to-air missiles as part of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00933-00314754-00315050": "25 million dollars in aid you need a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00934-00315051-00315385": "received from the US government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00935-00315386-00315733": "Jeremias chitin de you and I TAS", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00936-00315734-00316049": "representative to the US became the vice", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00937-00316050-00316466": "president of UNITA in August 1986 at the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00938-00316467-00316910": "6th Party Congress Fidel Castro made", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00939-00316911-00317213": "Crocker's proposal the withdrawal of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00940-00317214-00317596": "foreign troops from Angola and Namibia a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00941-00317597-00317867": "prerequisite to Cuban withdrawal from", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00942-00317868-00318314": "Angola on the 10th of September UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00943-00318315-00318638": "forces attacked kama botella in Kwanza", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00944-00318639-00318964": "Norte province on the 8th of February", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00945-00318965-00319193": "1986", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00946-00319194-00319565": "a NGO P alleged UNITA massacred", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00947-00319566-00319844": "civilians in dambha in AAG province", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00948-00319845-00320259": "later that month on the 26th of February", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00949-00320260-00320612": "the South African government agreed to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00950-00320613-00320884": "Crocker's terms in principle on the 8th", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00951-00320885-00321280": "of March Savimbi proposed a truce", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00952-00321281-00321532": "regarding the Benguela railway on the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00953-00321533-00321974": "26th of March saying MPLA trains could", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00954-00321975-00322238": "pass through as long as an international", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00955-00322239-00322504": "inspection group monitored trains to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00956-00322505-00322775": "prevent their use for counterinsurgency", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00957-00322776-00323171": "activity the government did not respond", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00958-00323172-00323720": "in April 1987 Fidel Castro sent Cuba's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00959-00323721-00323977": "50th Brigade to southern Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00960-00323978-00324229": "increasing the number of Cuban troops", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00961-00324230-00324776": "from 12,000 to 15,000 the MPLA and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00962-00324777-00325097": "American governments began negotiating", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00963-00325098-00325520": "in June 1987", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00964-00325521-00325866": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00965-00325867-00326253": "topic Kito quano Vale and New York", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00966-00326254-00326682": "Accords", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00967-00326683-00327060": "unita and south african forces attacked", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00968-00327061-00327414": "the MPLA space at quito Quanah Vale in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00969-00327415-00327744": "cuando Cubango province from the 13th of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00970-00327745-00328191": "January to the 23rd of March 1988 in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00971-00328192-00328491": "second largest battle in the history of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00972-00328492-00328751": "Africa after the Battle of El Alamein", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00973-00328752-00329148": "the largest in sub-saharan Africa since", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00974-00329149-00329433": "World War two Kito Kwon avails", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00975-00329434-00329745": "importance came not from its size or its", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00976-00329746-00330159": "wealth but its location South African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00977-00330160-00330414": "Defence Forces maintained an overwatch", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00978-00330415-00330765": "on the city using new g5 artillery", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00979-00330766-00331203": "pieces both sides claimed victory in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00980-00331204-00331600": "ensuing battle of Quito Quanah Vale", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00981-00331601-00331855": "after the indecisive results of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00982-00331856-00332206": "Battle of Quito Quanah Vale Fidel Castro", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00983-00332207-00332425": "claimed that the increased cost of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00984-00332426-00332701": "continuing to fight for South Africa had", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00985-00332702-00332902": "placed Cuba in its most aggressive", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00986-00332903-00333244": "combat position of the war arguing that", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00987-00333245-00333493": "he was preparing to leave Angola with", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00988-00333494-00333862": "his opponents on the defensive according", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00989-00333863-00334189": "to Cuba the political economical and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00990-00334190-00334456": "technical cost to South Africa of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00991-00334457-00334687": "maintaining its presence in Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00992-00334688-00335109": "proved too much conversely the South", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00993-00335110-00335365": "Africans believe that they indicated", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00994-00335366-00335599": "their resolve to the superpowers by", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00995-00335600-00335872": "preparing a nuclear test that ultimately", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00996-00335873-00336105": "forced the Cubans into a settlement", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00997-00336106-00336370": "Cuban troops were alleged to have used", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00998-00336371-00336691": "nerve gas against UNITA troops during", "0DV4iNkrPPA-00999-00336692-00337051": "the Civil War belgian criminal tax", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01000-00337052-00337327": "ologist dr. Alban hendrix", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01001-00337328-00337621": "studied alleged evidence including", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01002-00337622-00338064": "samples of war gas identification kits", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01003-00338065-00338395": "found after the battle at Quito Quanah", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01004-00338396-00338716": "Vale claimed that there is no doubt", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01005-00338717-00339004": "anymore that the Cubans were using nerve", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01006-00339005-00339328": "gases against the troops of mr. Jonas", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01007-00339329-00339523": "Savimbi", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01008-00339524-00339868": "the Cuban government joined negotiations", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01009-00339869-00340303": "on the 28th of January 1988 and all", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01010-00340304-00340527": "three parties held a round of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01011-00340528-00340900": "negotiations on the 9th of March the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01012-00340901-00341151": "South African government joined", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01013-00341152-00341413": "negotiations on the 3rd of May and the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01014-00341414-00341668": "parties met in June and August in New", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01015-00341669-00342103": "York and Geneva all parties agreed to a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01016-00342104-00342450": "ceasefire on the 8th of August", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01017-00342451-00342679": "representatives from the governments of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01018-00342680-00343051": "Angola Cuba and South Africa signed the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01019-00343052-00343345": "New York Accords granting independence", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01020-00343346-00343582": "to Namibia and ending the direct", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01021-00343583-00343813": "involvement of foreign troops in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01022-00343814-00344170": "Civil War in New York City on the 22nd", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01023-00344171-00344644": "of December 1988 the United Nations", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01024-00344645-00345100": "Security Council passed resolution 626", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01025-00345101-00345367": "later that day creating the United", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01026-00345368-00345727": "Nations Angola verification mission you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01027-00345728-00346233": "and AV e/m a peacekeeping force you na", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01028-00346234-00346606": "ve M troops began arriving in Angola in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01029-00346607-00347035": "January 1989", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01030-00347036-00347382": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01031-00347383-00347954": "topic ceasefire", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01032-00347955-00348281": "as the Angolan Civil War began to take", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01033-00348282-00348602": "on a diplomatic component in addition to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01034-00348603-00348929": "a military one two key Savimbi allies", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01035-00348930-00349217": "the conservative caucus Howard Phillips", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01036-00349218-00349488": "and the Heritage Foundation's Michael", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01037-00349489-00349805": "Johns visited Savimbi in Angola where", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01038-00349806-00350048": "they sought to persuade Savimbi to come", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01039-00350049-00350288": "to the United States in the spring of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01040-00350289-00350684": "1989 to help the conservative caucus the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01041-00350685-00350881": "Heritage Foundation and other", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01042-00350882-00351103": "conservatives in making the case for", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01043-00351104-00351443": "continued US aid to UNITA president", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01044-00351444-00351767": "Mobutu invited 18 African leaders", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01045-00351768-00352124": "Savimbi and dos Santos to his palace in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01046-00352125-00352492": "jeab a delight in June 1989 for", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01047-00352493-00352955": "negotiations Savimbi and dos Santos met", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01048-00352956-00353204": "for the first time and agreed to the G", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01049-00353205-00353525": "bat alight declaration a ceasefire on", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01050-00353526-00353865": "the 22nd of June paving the way for a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01051-00353866-00354264": "future peace agreement president Kenneth", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01052-00354265-00354566": "Conda of Zambia said a few days after", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01053-00354567-00354833": "the declaration that Savimbi had agreed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01054-00354834-00355093": "to leave Angola and go into exile", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01055-00355094-00355484": "acclaim Mobutu Savimbi and the US", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01056-00355485-00355901": "government disputed dos Santos agreed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01057-00355902-00356143": "with conda's interpretation of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01058-00356144-00356463": "negotiations saying Savimbi had agreed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01059-00356464-00356720": "to temporarily leave the country on the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01060-00356721-00357071": "23rd of August dos Santos complained", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01061-00357072-00357302": "that the US and South African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01062-00357303-00357548": "governments continue to fund UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01063-00357549-00357830": "warning such activity endangered the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01064-00357831-00358223": "already fragile ceasefire the next day", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01065-00358224-00358466": "Savimbi announced UNITA would no longer", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01066-00358467-00358817": "abide by the ceasefire citing conda's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01067-00358818-00359054": "insistence that Savimbi leave the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01068-00359055-00359495": "country and UNITA disband the MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01069-00359496-00359732": "government responded to Savimbi's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01070-00359733-00359991": "statement by moving troops from Quito", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01071-00359992-00360414": "Quanah Vale under MPLA control to UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01072-00360415-00360827": "occupied Mavs inga the ceasefire broke", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01073-00360828-00361089": "down with dos Santos and the US", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01074-00361090-00361314": "government blaming each other for the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01075-00361315-00361348": "rizz", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01076-00361349-00361730": "gumption in armed conflict", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01077-00361731-00362100": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01078-00362101-00362776": "topic 1990s", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01079-00362777-00363093": "political changes abroad and military", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01080-00363094-00363339": "victories at home allowed the government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01081-00363340-00363639": "to transition from a nominally communist", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01082-00363640-00364006": "state to a nominally democratic one", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01083-00364007-00364369": "Namibia's declaration of independence", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01084-00364370-00364646": "internationally recognized on the 1st of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01085-00364647-00365000": "april eliminated the threat to the MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01086-00365001-00365394": "from South Africa as the SAF withdrew", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01087-00365395-00365819": "from nambia the MPLA abolished the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01088-00365820-00366119": "one-party system in June and rejected", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01089-00366120-00366444": "Marxist Leninist at the MPLA s 3rd", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01090-00366445-00366768": "Congress in December formally changing", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01091-00366769-00367147": "the party's name from the MPLA PT to the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01092-00367148-00367600": "MPLA the National Assembly passed la", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01093-00367601-00368072": "1290 firsts in May 1991 coinciding with", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01094-00368073-00368350": "the withdrawal of the last Cuban troops", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01095-00368351-00368771": "defining Angola as a democratic state", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01096-00368772-00369100": "based on the rule of law with a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01097-00369101-00369449": "multi-party system observers met such", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01098-00369450-00369794": "changes with skepticism American", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01099-00369795-00370127": "journalist Karl Mayr wrote in the new", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01100-00370128-00370484": "Angola ideology is being replaced by the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01101-00370485-00370823": "bottom line as security and selling", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01102-00370824-00371147": "expertise in weaponry have become a very", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01103-00371148-00371582": "profitable business with its wealth in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01104-00371583-00371943": "oil and diamonds Angola is like a big", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01105-00371944-00372221": "swollen carcass and the vultures are", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01106-00372222-00372639": "swirling overhead Savimbi's former", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01107-00372640-00372963": "allies are switching sides lured by the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01108-00372964-00373317": "aroma of hard currency", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01109-00373318-00373663": "Savimbi also reportedly purged some of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01110-00373664-00373924": "those within UNITA whom he may have seen", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01111-00373925-00374167": "as threats to his leadership or as", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01112-00374168-00374563": "questioning his strategic course among", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01113-00374564-00374818": "those killed in the purge were Tito", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01114-00374819-00375709": "chingungeoya anim Gun G killing and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01115-00375710-00376130": "blamed it on you NIDA dissidents", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01116-00376131-00376475": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01117-00376476-00377318": "topic black mana fort stone and Kelly", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01118-00377319-00377602": "government troops wounded Savimbi in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01119-00377603-00378034": "battles in January and February 1990 but", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01120-00378035-00378433": "not enough to restrict his mobility he", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01121-00378434-00378743": "went to Washington DC in December and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01122-00378744-00379081": "met with President George HW Bush again", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01123-00379082-00379364": "the fourth of five trips he made to the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01124-00379365-00379841": "United States Savimbi paid black mana", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01125-00379842-00380206": "fort stone and Kelly a lobbying firm", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01126-00380207-00380530": "based in Washington DC five million", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01127-00380531-00380803": "dollars to lobby the federal government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01128-00380804-00381092": "for aid portray UNITA favorably in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01129-00381093-00381397": "Western media and acquire support among", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01130-00381398-00381797": "politicians in Washington Savimbi was", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01131-00381798-00382078": "highly successful in this endeavor", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01132-00382079-00382421": "senators Larry Smith and Dante Facel a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01133-00382422-00382684": "senior member of the firm worked with", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01134-00382685-00383002": "the cuban-american National Foundation", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01135-00383003-00383281": "representative Claude pepper of Florida", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01136-00383282-00383576": "Neal Blair's free the Eagle and Howard", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01137-00383577-00383849": "Phillips conservative caucus to repeal", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01138-00383850-00384293": "the Clark amendment in 1985 from the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01139-00384294-00384800": "amendments repeal in 1985 to 1992 the US", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01140-00384801-00385102": "government gave Savimbi 60 million", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01141-00385103-00385397": "dollars per year a total of four hundred", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01142-00385398-00385807": "twenty million dollars a sizable amount", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01143-00385808-00386107": "of the aid went to Savimbi's personal", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01144-00386108-00386519": "expenses black man afford filed foreign", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01145-00386520-00386758": "lobbying records with the US Justice", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01146-00386759-00387071": "Department showing Savimbi's expenses", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01147-00387072-00387433": "during his u.s. visits during his", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01148-00387434-00387808": "December 1990 visit he spent one hundred", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01149-00387809-00388067": "thirty six thousand four hundred twenty", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01150-00388068-00388381": "four dollars at the Park Hyatt Hotel and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01151-00388382-00388601": "two thousand seven hundred five dollars", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01152-00388602-00389044": "in tips he spent almost four hundred", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01153-00389045-00389321": "seventy three thousand dollars in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01154-00389322-00389693": "October 1991 during his week-long visit", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01155-00389694-00390095": "to Washington and Manhattan he spent", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01156-00390096-00390331": "ninety eight thousand twenty two dollars", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01157-00390332-00390668": "in hotel bills at the Park Hyatt", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01158-00390669-00390938": "twenty six thousand seven hundred nine", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01159-00390939-00391253": "dollars in limousine rides in Washington", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01160-00391254-00391457": "and another five thousand two hundred", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01161-00391458-00391868": "ninety three dollars in Manhattan Paul", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01162-00391869-00392210": "Manafort a partner in the firm charged", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01163-00392211-00392498": "Savimbi nineteen thousand three hundred", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01164-00392499-00392777": "dollars in consulting and additional one", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01165-00392778-00393059": "thousand seven hundred twelve dollars in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01166-00393060-00393503": "expenses he also bought one thousand one", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01167-00393504-00393799": "hundred forty three dollars worth of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01168-00393800-00394229": "survival kits from Motorola when", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01169-00394230-00394556": "questioned in an interview in 1990 about", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01170-00394557-00394901": "human rights abuses under Savimbi black", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01171-00394902-00395222": "said now when you're in a war trying to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01172-00395223-00395611": "manage a war when the enemy", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01173-00395612-00395887": "is no more than a couple of hours away", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01174-00395888-00396160": "from you at any given time you might not", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01175-00396161-00396418": "run your territory according to New", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01176-00396419-00396803": "Hampshire Town Meeting rules", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01177-00396804-00397149": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01178-00397150-00397791": "topic by Sesa chords", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01179-00397792-00398139": "president dos Santos met with Savimbi in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01180-00398140-00398442": "Lisbon Portugal and signed the buy cess", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01181-00398443-00398736": "Accords the first of three major peace", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01182-00398737-00399183": "agreements on the 31st of May 1991 with", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01183-00399184-00399387": "the mediation of the Portuguese", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01184-00399388-00399716": "government the Accords laid out a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01185-00399717-00400044": "transition to multiparty democracy under", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01186-00400045-00400311": "the supervision of the United Nations UN", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01187-00400312-00400659": "AV em2 mission with a presidential", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01188-00400660-00401034": "election to be held within a year the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01189-00401035-00401399": "agreement attempted to demobilize the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01190-00401400-00401694": "152,000 active fighters and integrate", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01191-00401695-00401892": "the remaining government troops and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01192-00401893-00402237": "UNITA rebels into a 50,000 strong and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01193-00402238-00402741": "goal and armed forces FAA the FAA would", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01194-00402742-00403089": "consist of a national army with 40,000", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01195-00403090-00403425": "troops Navy with 6,000 and Air Force", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01196-00403426-00403920": "with 4,000 while UNITA largely did not", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01197-00403921-00404265": "disarm the FAA complied with the Accord", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01198-00404266-00404549": "and demobilized leaving the government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01199-00404550-00404844": "disadvantaged Angola held the first", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01200-00404845-00405228": "round of its 1992 presidential election", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01201-00405229-00405690": "on 29 to 30 September dos Santos", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01202-00405691-00406113": "officially received 49.5 seven percent", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01203-00406114-00406401": "of the vote and Savimbi one forty point", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01204-00406402-00406824": "six percent as no candidate received", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01205-00406825-00407063": "fifty percent or more of the vote", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01206-00407064-00407391": "election law dictated a second round of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01207-00407392-00407738": "voting between the top two contenders", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01208-00407739-00408048": "Savimbi along with eight opposition", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01209-00408049-00408267": "parties and many other election", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01210-00408268-00408504": "observers said the election had been", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01211-00408505-00408789": "neither free nor fair", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01212-00408790-00409028": "an official observer wrote that there", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01213-00409029-00409443": "was little UN supervision that 500,000", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01214-00409444-00409724": "unit of voters were disenfranchised and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01215-00409725-00410016": "that there were 100 clandestine polling", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01216-00410017-00410474": "stations Savimbi sent Jeremiah's shittin", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01217-00410475-00410828": "de vice president of UNITA to Luanda to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01218-00410829-00411130": "negotiate the terms of the second round", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01219-00411131-00411495": "the election process broke down on the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01220-00411496-00411834": "31st of October when government troops", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01221-00411835-00412332": "in Luanda attacked UNITA civilians using", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01222-00412333-00412593": "guns they had received from police a few", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01223-00412593-00412872": "days earlier conducted house-by-house", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01224-00412872-00413145": "raids with the Rapid Intervention police", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01225-00413146-00413426": "killing and detaining hundreds of UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01226-00413427-00413822": "supporters the government took civilians", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01227-00413823-00414132": "in trucks to the cama cemetery and morro", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01228-00414133-00414468": "da luz ravine shot them and buried them", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01229-00414468-00414882": "in mass graves assailants attacked", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01230-00414883-00415160": "and his convoy on the 2nd of november", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01231-00415162-00415430": "pulling him out of his car and shooting", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01232-00415431-00415784": "him and two others in their faces the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01233-00415785-00416226": "MPLA massacred over 10,000 UNITA and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01234-00416227-00416616": "FNLA voters nationwide in a few days in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01235-00416617-00416974": "what was known as the Halloween Massacre", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01236-00416975-00417251": "Savimbi said the election had neither", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01237-00417252-00417513": "been free nor fair and refused to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01238-00417514-00417912": "participate in the second round he then", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01239-00417913-00418155": "proceeded to resume armed struggle", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01240-00418156-00418456": "against the MPLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01241-00418457-00418793": "then in a series of stunning victories", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01242-00418793-00419074": "you need a regained control over kak", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01243-00419075-00419533": "Sato Huambo banza Congo Nadal at Ando", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01244-00419534-00419837": "and oak provincial capitals it had not", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01245-00419838-00420260": "helped since 1976 and moved against coup", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01246-00420260-00420722": "ito Luana and mélange although the US", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01247-00420722-00420962": "and South African governments had", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01248-00420963-00421120": "stopped aiding UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01249-00421121-00421420": "supplies continued to come from Mobutu", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01250-00421421-00421693": "in Zaire UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01251-00421694-00421970": "tried to wrest control of Cabinda from", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01252-00421971-00422591": "the MPLA in January 1993 Eduard dejar", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01253-00422592-00422893": "net head of the US liaison office in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01254-00422894-00423179": "Angola for the Clinton administration", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01255-00423180-00423425": "warned Savimbi that if you need a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01256-00423426-00423706": "hindered or halted Cabinda spre duction", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01257-00423707-00424004": "the US would end its support for UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01258-00424005-00424470": "on the 9th of January UNITA began a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01259-00424471-00424901": "55-day battle over huambo the war of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01260-00424902-00425285": "cities hundreds of thousands fled and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01261-00425285-00425531": "10,000 were killed before you need a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01262-00425532-00425939": "gained control on the 7th of March the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01263-00425939-00426152": "government engaged in an ethnic", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01264-00426153-00426445": "cleansing of Bakongo and to a lesser", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01265-00426446-00426787": "extent ovum bundu in multiple cities", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01266-00426788-00427156": "most notably Luanda on the 22nd of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01267-00427157-00427518": "January in the bloody Friday Massacre", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01268-00427519-00427870": "UNITA and government representatives met", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01269-00427871-00428135": "five days later in Ethiopia but", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01270-00428135-00428491": "negotiations failed to restore the peace", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01271-00428492-00428833": "the United Nations Security Council", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01272-00428834-00429283": "sanctioned UNITA through resolution 864", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01273-00429284-00429633": "on the 15th of September 1993", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01274-00429634-00429926": "prohibiting the sale of weapons or fuel", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01275-00429927-00430381": "to UNITA perhaps the clearest shift in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01276-00430382-00430724": "u.s. foreign policy emerged when", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01277-00430725-00430966": "President Bill Clinton issued executive", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01278-00430967-00431785": "order 12866", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01279-00431786-00432097": "continuing threat to the foreign policy", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01280-00432098-00432591": "objectives of the US by August 1993", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01281-00432592-00432997": "UNITA had gained control over 70% of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01282-00432998-00433266": "Angola but the government's military", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01283-00433267-00433703": "successes in 1994 forced UNITA to sue", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01284-00433704-00434174": "for peace by November 1994 the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01285-00434175-00434522": "government had taken control of 60% of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01286-00434522-00434866": "the country Savimbi called the situation", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01287-00434867-00435460": "you and I TAS deepest crisis since its", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01288-00435461-00435880": "creation it is estimate that perhaps", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01289-00435881-00436139": "120,000 people were killed in the first", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01290-00436139-00436504": "18 months following the 1992 election", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01291-00436505-00436808": "nearly half the number of casualties of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01292-00436809-00437204": "the previous 16 years of war both sides", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01293-00437205-00437495": "of the conflict continued to commit", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01294-00437496-00437825": "widespread and systematic violations of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01295-00437826-00438122": "the laws of war with UNITA in particular", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01296-00438122-00438368": "guilty of indiscriminate shelling of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01297-00438368-00438656": "besieged cities resulting in large death", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01298-00438657-00439139": "toll to civilians the MPLA government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01299-00439139-00439460": "forces used air power in indiscriminate", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01300-00439460-00439768": "fashion also resulting in high civilian", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01301-00439769-00440270": "deaths the Lusaka protocol of 1994", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01302-00440271-00440650": "reaffirmed the by sess Accords", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01303-00440651-00440995": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01304-00440996-00441663": "topic Lusaka protocol", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01305-00441664-00442000": "Savimbi unwilling to personally sign in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01306-00442001-00442209": "a court had former you need a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01307-00442210-00442510": "secretary-general a you haenyeo maneuver", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01308-00442510-00442866": "cola represent UNITA in his place", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01309-00442867-00443155": "maneuver Cola and Angolan Foreign", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01310-00443156-00443425": "Minister Venancio de Moura signed a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01311-00443426-00443797": "Lusaka protocol in Lusaka Zambia on the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01312-00443797-00444208": "31st of October 1994 agreeing to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01313-00444209-00444604": "integrate and disarm UNITA both sides", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01314-00444605-00444843": "signed a ceasefire as part of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01315-00444845-00445222": "protocol on the 20th of November under", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01316-00445222-00445495": "the agreement the government and UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01317-00445496-00446047": "would cease fire and immobilize 5500", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01318-00446047-00446428": "UNITA members including 180 militants", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01319-00446429-00446814": "would join the Angolan National Police", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01320-00446814-00447160": "1,200 UNITA members including 40", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01321-00447160-00447406": "militants would join the Rapid Reaction", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01322-00447407-00447739": "police force and UNITA generals would", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01323-00447739-00448012": "become officers in the Angolan armed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01324-00448013-00448410": "forces foreign mercenaries would return", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01325-00448412-00448660": "to their home countries and all parties", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01326-00448660-00449047": "would stop acquiring foreign arms the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01327-00449047-00449362": "agreement gave UNITA politicians homes", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01328-00449363-00449695": "and a headquarters the government agreed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01329-00449696-00449920": "to a point you need a members to head", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01330-00449921-00450274": "the mines commerce health and tourism", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01331-00450275-00450592": "ministries in addition to seven deputy", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01332-00450593-00450939": "ministers ambassadors the governorships", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01333-00450941-00451293": "of you IgE Lunda Sewell and quando", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01334-00451295-00451378": "Cubango", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01335-00451379-00451650": "deputy governor's municipal", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01336-00451651-00451993": "administrators deputy administrators and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01337-00451993-00452395": "community straight errs the government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01338-00452396-00452622": "would release all prisoners and give", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01339-00452624-00452917": "amnesty to all militants involved in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01340-00452918-00453280": "Civil War the Zimbabwean President", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01341-00453281-00453553": "Robert Mugabe and South African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01342-00453554-00453853": "president Nelson Mandela met in Lusaka", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01343-00453854-00454260": "on the 15th of November 1994 to boost", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01344-00454262-00454638": "support symbolically for the protocol", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01345-00454639-00454943": "Mugabi and Mandela both said they would", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01346-00454945-00455157": "be willing to meet with Savimbi and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01347-00455158-00455391": "Mandela asked him to come to South", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01348-00455392-00455810": "Africa but Savimbi did not come the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01349-00455812-00456075": "agreement created a Joint Commission", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01350-00456076-00456372": "consisting of officials from the Angolan", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01351-00456372-00456678": "government UNITA and the UN with the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01352-00456679-00456942": "governments of Portugal the United", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01353-00456943-00457272": "States and Russia observing to oversee", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01354-00457272-00457656": "its implementation violations of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01355-00457657-00457922": "protocols provisions would be discussed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01356-00457924-00458241": "and reviewed by the Commission the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01357-00458242-00458556": "protocols provisions integrating UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01358-00458557-00458877": "into the military a ceasefire and a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01359-00458878-00459126": "coalition government were similar to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01360-00459127-00459347": "those of the Alvar agreement that", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01361-00459349-00459593": "granted angola independence from", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01362-00459595-00460076": "Portugal in 1975 many of the same", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01363-00460077-00460401": "environmental problems mutual distrust", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01364-00460402-00460745": "between UNITA and the MPLA loose", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01365-00460746-00461039": "international oversight the importation", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01366-00461041-00461360": "of foreign arms and an overemphasis on", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01367-00461362-00461658": "maintaining the balance of power led to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01368-00461659-00462018": "the collapse of the protocol", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01369-00462019-00462362": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01370-00462363-00462989": "topic arms monitoring", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01371-00462990-00463491": "in January 1995 US President Clinton", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01372-00463492-00463854": "sent Paul hare his envoy to Angola to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01373-00463855-00464100": "support the Lusaka protocol and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01374-00464101-00464262": "impressed the importance of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01375-00464263-00464468": "ceasefire unto the Angolan government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01376-00464469-00464793": "and UNITA both in need of outside", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01377-00464793-00465216": "assistance the United Nations agreed to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01378-00465217-00465483": "send a peacekeeping force on the 8th of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01379-00465484-00465927": "February Savimbi met with South African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01380-00465928-00466314": "President Mandela in May shortly after", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01381-00466314-00466731": "on the 18th of June the MPLA offered", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01382-00466732-00466939": "Savimbi the position of vice-president", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01383-00466940-00467243": "under dos Santos with another vice", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01384-00467244-00467733": "president chosen from the MPLA Savimbi", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01385-00467734-00468126": "told Mandela he felt ready to serve in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01386-00468127-00468458": "any capacity which will aid my nation", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01387-00468459-00468822": "but he did not accept the proposal until", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01388-00468822-00469206": "the 12th of August the United States", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01389-00469207-00469445": "Department of Defense and central", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01390-00469446-00469785": "intelligence agencies Angola operations", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01391-00469785-00470055": "and analysis expanded in an effort to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01392-00470056-00470379": "halt weapons shipments a violation of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01393-00470380-00470787": "the protocol with limited success the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01394-00470788-00471131": "Angolan government bought six mil mi-17", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01395-00471132-00471657": "from Ukraine in 1995 the government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01396-00471658-00471987": "bought l-39 attack aircraft from the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01397-00471988-00472326": "Czech Republic in 1998 along with", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01398-00472327-00472637": "ammunition and uniforms from Zimbabwe", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01399-00472638-00472916": "defense industries and ammunition and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01400-00472917-00473464": "weapons from Ukraine in 1998 and 1999", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01401-00473465-00473802": "u.s. monitoring significantly dropped", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01402-00473803-00474285": "off in 1997 as events in Zaire the Congo", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01403-00474285-00474603": "and then Liberia occupied more of the US", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01404-00474604-00474999": "government's attention UNITA purchased", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01405-00475000-00475316": "more than 20 frog 7 transporter erector", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01406-00475317-00475701": "launchers telephone and three Fox 7", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01407-00475702-00475881": "missiles from the North Korean", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01408-00475882-00476254": "government in 1999 the UN", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01409-00476255-00476577": "ended its mandate on the 8th of February", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01410-00476578-00477112": "1996 in March Savimbi and dos Santos", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01411-00477113-00477331": "formally agreed to form a coalition", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01412-00477332-00477802": "government the government deported 2000", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01413-00477803-00478099": "West African and Lebanese angolans in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01414-00478100-00478603": "operation cancer 2 in August 1996 on the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01415-00478604-00478860": "grounds that dangerous minorities were", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01416-00478861-00479310": "responsible for the rising crime rate in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01417-00479310-00479602": "1996 the Angolan government bought", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01418-00479603-00479937": "military equipment from India to mil", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01419-00479938-00480247": "mi-24 attack helicopters and three", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01420-00480247-00480670": "sukhoi su-17 from kazakhstan in december", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01421-00480671-00480985": "and helicopters from slovakia in March", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01422-00480985-00481272": "the international community helped", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01423-00481273-00481495": "install a government of unity and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01424-00481496-00481903": "national reconciliation in April 1997", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01425-00481904-00482118": "but you needed it'd not allow the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01426-00482119-00482445": "regional MPLA government to take up", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01427-00482446-00482929": "residence in 60 cities the UN Security", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01428-00482930-00483370": "Council voted on the 28th of August 1997", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01429-00483371-00483676": "to impose sanctions on UNITA through", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01430-00483677-00484060": "resolution 1127 prohibiting UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01431-00484060-00484356": "leaders from traveling abroad closing", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01432-00484357-00484645": "you and I TAS embassies abroad and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01433-00484646-00484900": "making you need a controlled areas a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01434-00484901-00485289": "no-fly zone the Security Council", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01435-00485290-00485472": "expanded the sanctions through", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01436-00485473-00485993": "resolution 1173 on the 12th of June 1998", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01437-00485994-00486322": "requiring government certification for", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01438-00486322-00486564": "the purchase of Angolan diamonds and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01439-00486565-00486870": "freezing you and I TAS bank accounts", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01440-00486871-00487195": "during the 1st Congo war the Angolan", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01441-00487196-00487410": "government joined the coalition to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01442-00487411-00487702": "overthrow Mobutu's government due to his", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01443-00487703-00488106": "support for UNITA Mobutu's government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01444-00488107-00488383": "fell to the opposition coalition on the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01445-00488384-00488745": "16th of May 1997", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01446-00488746-00489018": "the Angolan government chose to act", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01447-00489019-00489301": "primarily through Catania's jean d'armes", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01448-00489302-00489574": "called the tigress which were proxy", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01449-00489575-00489793": "groups formed from the descendants of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01450-00489793-00490057": "police units who had been exiled from", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01451-00490058-00490276": "Zaire and thus were fighting for a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01452-00490277-00490500": "return to their homeland", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01453-00490501-00490918": "Luanda did also deploy regular troops in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01454-00490918-00491416": "early October 1997 Angola invaded the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01455-00491417-00491670": "Republic of the Congo during its civil", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01456-00491671-00491968": "war and helped sassou NGOs rebels", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01457-00491968-00492208": "overthrow the government of pascal", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01458-00492209-00492616": "lissouba lissouba sermon had allowed you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01459-00492617-00492810": "need of the use of cities in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01460-00492812-00493072": "republic of congo in order to circumvent", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01461-00493072-00493689": "sanctions between 11 to 12 october 1997", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01462-00493691-00493972": "and goal and air force fighter jets", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01463-00493972-00494233": "conducted a number of air strikes on", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01464-00494234-00494493": "government positions within Brazzaville", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01465-00494494-00495022": "on the 16th of october 1997 rebel", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01466-00495022-00495307": "militia supported by tanks and a force", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01467-00495308-00495622": "of 1000 and goal and troops cemented", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01468-00495622-00495864": "their control of Brazzaville forcing", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01469-00495866-00496080": "lissouba to flee", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01470-00496081-00496338": "Angolan troops remained in the country", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01471-00496339-00496593": "fighting militia forces loyal to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01472-00496593-00496833": "lissouba engaged in a guerrilla war", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01473-00496834-00497183": "against the new government the UN spent", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01474-00497184-00497751": "1.6 billion dollars from 1994 to 1998 in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01475-00497752-00498110": "maintaining a peacekeeping force the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01476-00498112-00498453": "Angolan military attacked UNITA forces", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01477-00498454-00498689": "in the Central Highlands on the 4th of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01478-00498691-00499139": "December 1998 the day before the MPLA s", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01479-00499141-00499547": "4th Congress dos Santos told the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01480-00499549-00499791": "delegates the next day that he believed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01481-00499792-00500037": "war to be the only way to ultimately", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01482-00500038-00500325": "achieve peace rejected the Lusaka", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01483-00500326-00500810": "protocol and asked MO and UA to leave in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01484-00500812-00501260": "February 1999 the Security Council", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01485-00501262-00501666": "withdrew the last mo and UA personnel in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01486-00501667-00502142": "late 1998 several UNITA commanders", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01487-00502143-00502418": "dissatisfied with Savimbi's leadership", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01488-00502420-00502725": "formed UNITA renovator a breakaway", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01489-00502726-00503109": "militant group thousands more deserted", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01490-00503110-00503585": "UNITA in 1999 and 2000 the Angolan", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01491-00503587-00503895": "military launched Operation Restore a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01492-00503896-00504296": "massive offensive in September 1999", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01493-00504297-00504483": "recapturing in herea", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01494-00504484-00504831": "and Angelo and bail endow the site", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01495-00504832-00505118": "of Savimbi's headquarters just one year", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01496-00505120-00505530": "before the UN Security Council passed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01497-00505531-00505985": "resolution 1268 on the 15th of october", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01498-00505985-00506205": "instructing United Nations", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01499-00506206-00506532": "secretary-general Kofi Annan to update", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01500-00506533-00506838": "the Security Council to the situation in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01501-00506839-00507270": "Angola every three months dos Santos", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01502-00507271-00507492": "offered an amnesty - you need a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01503-00507493-00507843": "militants on the 11th of November", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01504-00507844-00508204": "by December chief of staff general Zhao", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01505-00508205-00508539": "de Matos said the angle and armed forces", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01506-00508541-00508866": "had destroyed 80% of you NIT A's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01507-00508867-00509227": "militant wing and captured 15,000 tons", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01508-00509228-00509595": "of military equipment following the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01509-00509596-00509850": "dissolution of the coalition government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01510-00509851-00510172": "Savimbi retreated to his historical base", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01511-00510172-00510553": "in Mexico and prepared for battle in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01512-00510554-00510874": "order to isolate UNITA the government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01513-00510875-00511177": "forced civilians in countryside areas", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01514-00511178-00511456": "subject to UNITA influence to relocate", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01515-00511457-00511849": "to major cities the strategy was", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01516-00511850-00512113": "successful isolating in UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01517-00512114-00512356": "but had adverse humanitarian", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01518-00512357-00512662": "consequences", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01519-00512663-00513006": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01520-00513007-00513598": "topic Dimond trade", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01521-00513599-00513952": "you and I TAS ability to mine diamonds", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01522-00513953-00514235": "and sell them abroad provided funding", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01523-00514235-00514468": "for the war to continue even as the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01524-00514469-00514702": "movements support in the Western world", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01525-00514703-00514966": "and among the local populace withered", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01526-00514967-00515079": "away", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01527-00515080-00515393": "DeBeers and Andy Amma a state-owned", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01528-00515393-00515660": "diamond mining monopoly signed a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01529-00515660-00515927": "contract allowing De Beers to handle", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01530-00515928-00516348": "Angola's diamond exports in 1990", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01531-00516349-00516658": "according to the United Nations Fowler", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01532-00516659-00516731": "report", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01533-00516732-00517075": "Jody Kerr a former stockholder in De", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01534-00517076-00517304": "Beers worked with the government of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01535-00517305-00517600": "Zaire to supply military equipment to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01536-00517601-00518206": "UNITA from 1993 to 1997 de Decker's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01537-00518207-00518543": "brother Ronnie allegedly flew from South", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01538-00518543-00518854": "Africa to Angola directing weapons", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01539-00518855-00519266": "originating in Eastern Europe in return", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01540-00519267-00519598": "UNITA gave Ronnie bushels of diamonds", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01541-00519599-00520016": "worth six million dollars de Dycker sent", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01542-00520017-00520256": "the diamonds to De Beers buying office", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01543-00520257-00520706": "in Antwerp Belgium De Beers openly", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01544-00520707-00520943": "acknowledges spending five hundred", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01545-00520943-00521231": "million dollars on legal and illegal and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01546-00521232-00521687": "goal in diamonds in 1992 alone the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01547-00521688-00522016": "United Nations estimates angolans made", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01548-00522017-00522293": "between three and four billion dollars", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01549-00522293-00522602": "through the diamond trade between 1992", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01550-00522603-00523168": "and 1998 the UN also estimates that out", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01551-00523169-00523396": "of that sum you need a made at least", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01552-00523397-00523739": "three point seven two billion dollars or", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01553-00523739-00524127": "93 percent of all diamonds sales despite", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01554-00524128-00524422": "international sanctions executive", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01555-00524423-00524789": "outcomes EEO a private military company", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01556-00524790-00525064": "played a major role in turning the tide", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01557-00525065-00525427": "for the MPLA with one u.s. defense", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01558-00525428-00525833": "expert calling the EO the best fifty or", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01559-00525834-00526123": "sixty million dollars the Angolan", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01560-00526124-00526362": "government ever spent", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01561-00526363-00526739": "heritage oil and gas and allegedly De", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01562-00526740-00526993": "Beers hired eo2", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01563-00526994-00527395": "their operations in Angola executive", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01564-00527396-00527740": "outcomes trained up to 5000 troops and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01565-00527741-00528112": "30 combat pilots in camps in London ool", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01566-00528113-00528543": "cabo Lido and Dondo", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01567-00528544-00528889": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01568-00528890-00529529": "topic cabinda separatism", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01569-00529530-00529832": "the territory of Cabinda as north of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01570-00529833-00530150": "angola proper separated by a strip of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01571-00530151-00530606": "territory 60 kilometers 37 point 3 miles", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01572-00530607-00530903": "long in the democratic republic of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01573-00530904-00531331": "congo the portuguese constitution of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01574-00531332-00531743": "1933 designated Angola and Cabinda as", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01575-00531744-00532138": "overseas provinces in the course of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01576-00532139-00532472": "administrative reforms during the 1930s", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01577-00532473-00532847": "to 1950s Angola was divided into", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01578-00532848-00533141": "districts and cabinda became one of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01579-00533142-00533480": "districts of Angola the front for the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01580-00533481-00533740": "liberation of the enclaves of Cabinda", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01581-00533741-00533882": "flec", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01582-00533883-00534263": "formed in 1963 during the broader war", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01583-00534264-00534662": "for independence from Portugal contrary", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01584-00534663-00534980": "to the organization's name cabinda as an", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01585-00534981-00535460": "exclave not an end clave flec later", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01586-00535461-00535757": "split into the Armed Forces of Cabinda", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01587-00535758-00536413": "flec FAC an flec renovator flec are", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01588-00536414-00536834": "several other smaller flec factions", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01589-00536835-00537086": "later broke away from these movements", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01590-00537087-00537431": "but flec are remained the most prominent", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01591-00537432-00537899": "because of its size and its tactics flec", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01592-00537900-00538190": "our members cut off the ears and noses", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01593-00538191-00538406": "of government officials and their", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01594-00538407-00538706": "supporters similar to the revolutionary", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01595-00538707-00538999": "united front of sierra leone in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01596-00539000-00539411": "1990s despite Cabinda is relatively", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01597-00539412-00539711": "small sized foreign powers and the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01598-00539712-00539933": "nationalist movements coveted the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01599-00539934-00540185": "territory for its vast reserves of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01600-00540186-00540509": "petroleum the principal export of Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01601-00540510-00540754": "then and now in the war for independence", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01602-00540755-00541103": "the division of assimilate owes vs.", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01603-00541104-00541328": "indigenous peoples masked the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01604-00541329-00541550": "inter-ethnic conflict between the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01605-00541551-00541838": "various native tribes a division that", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01606-00541839-00542324": "emerged in the early 1970s the union of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01607-00542325-00542642": "peoples of Angola the predecessor to the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01608-00542643-00542761": "FNLA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01609-00542762-00543091": "only controlled 15% of Angola's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01610-00543092-00543360": "territory during the independence war", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01611-00543361-00543826": "excluding MPLA controlled Cabinda the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01612-00543827-00544117": "People's Republic of China openly backed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01613-00544118-00544411": "UNITA upon independence despite the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01614-00544412-00544711": "mutual support from its adversary South", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01615-00544712-00545068": "Africa and you and I TAS pro-western", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01616-00545069-00545607": "Tilt the PRC support for Savimbi came in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01617-00545608-00546187": "1965 a year after he left the FNLA China", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01618-00546188-00546562": "saw Holden Roberto and the FNLA as the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01619-00546563-00546868": "stooge of the west and the MPLA as the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01620-00546869-00547216": "Soviet Union's proxy with the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01621-00547217-00547606": "sino-soviet split South Africa presented", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01622-00547607-00548019": "the least odious of allies to the PRC", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01623-00548020-00548428": "throughout the 1990s cabined on rebels", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01624-00548429-00548671": "kidnapped and ransomed off foreign oil", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01625-00548672-00548950": "workers to in turn finance further", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01626-00548951-00549321": "attacks against the national government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01627-00549322-00549718": "flec militants stopped buses forcing", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01628-00549719-00550042": "chevron oil workers out and set fire to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01629-00550043-00550387": "the buses on the 27th of march in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01630-00550388-00550957": "23rd of april 1992 a large-scale battle", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01631-00550958-00551299": "took place between flec and police in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01632-00551300-00551683": "milan go on the 14th of May in which 25", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01633-00551684-00551974": "mortar rounds accidentally hit a nearby", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01634-00551975-00552397": "Chevron compound the government fearing", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01635-00552398-00552598": "the loss of their prime source of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01636-00552599-00552858": "revenue began to negotiate with", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01637-00552859-00553072": "representatives from front for the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01638-00553073-00553318": "liberation of the end clave of Cabinda", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01639-00553319-00553744": "renewal flec our armed forces of cabinda", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01640-00553745-00554113": "flec fact and the democratic front of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01641-00554114-00554695": "cabinda FDC in 1995 patronage and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01642-00554696-00554962": "bribery failed to assuage the anger of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01643-00554963-00555433": "FLE CR and flec FAC and negotiations", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01644-00555434-00555601": "ended", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01645-00555602-00556150": "in February 1997 flec fact kidnapped -", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01646-00556151-00556486": "in hwangsae Sdn timber company employees", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01647-00556487-00556720": "killing one and releasing the other", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01648-00556721-00557314": "after receiving a $400,000 ransom flec", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01649-00557315-00557758": "flack kidnapped 11 people in April 1998", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01650-00557759-00558148": "nine Angolans and to Portuguese released", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01651-00558149-00558796": "for a $500,000 ransom FL ECR kidnapped", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01652-00558797-00559093": "five by insel oil engineering employees", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01653-00559094-00559504": "- Frenchman - Portuguese and an Angolan", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01654-00559505-00560011": "in March 1999 while militants released", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01655-00560012-00560344": "the Angolan the government complicated", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01656-00560345-00560608": "the situation by promising the rebel", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01657-00560609-00560956": "leadership 12.5 million dollars for the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01658-00560957-00561436": "hostages when Antonio bento Bembe the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01659-00561437-00561799": "president of FLE CR showed up the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01660-00561800-00562048": "Angolan army arrested him and his", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01661-00562049-00562429": "bodyguards the Angolan army later", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01662-00562430-00562747": "forcibly freed the other hostages on the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01663-00562748-00563143": "7th of July by the end of the year the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01664-00563144-00563371": "government had arrested the leadership", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01665-00563372-00563814": "of all three rebel organizations", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01666-00563815-00564192": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01667-00564193-00564820": "topic two thousands", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01668-00564821-00565154": "illicit arms trading characterized much", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01669-00565155-00565410": "of the later years of the Angolan Civil", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01670-00565411-00565683": "War as each side tried to gain the upper", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01671-00565684-00565962": "hand by buying arms from Eastern Europe", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01672-00565963-00566412": "and Russia Israel continued in its role", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01673-00566413-00566712": "as a proxy arms dealer for the United", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01674-00566713-00567237": "States on the 21st of September 2000 a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01675-00567238-00567552": "Russian freighter delivered 500 tons of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01676-00567553-00567981": "Ukrainian 7.62 millimeters ammunition to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01677-00567982-00568287": "symport X a division of the Angolan", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01678-00568288-00568512": "government with the help of a shipping", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01679-00568513-00568860": "agent in London the ship's captain", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01680-00568861-00569320": "declared his cargo fragile to minimize", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01681-00569321-00569771": "inspection the next day the MPLA began", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01682-00569772-00570065": "attacking UNITA winning victories in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01683-00570066-00570422": "several battles from 22 to the 25th of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01684-00570423-00570758": "September the government gained control", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01685-00570759-00571110": "over military bases and diamond mines in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01686-00571111-00571394": "London Norte and London Sewell herding", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01687-00571395-00571652": "Savimbi's ability to pay his troops", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01688-00571653-00571962": "Angola agreed to trade oil to Slovakia", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01689-00571963-00572347": "in return for arms buying six sukhoi", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01690-00572348-00572687": "su-17 attack aircraft on the third of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01691-00572688-00573137": "April 2000 the Spanish government in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01692-00573138-00573416": "Canary Islands prevented a Ukrainian", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01693-00573417-00573797": "freighter from delivering 636 tonnes of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01694-00573798-00574163": "military equipment to Angola on the 24th", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01695-00574164-00574622": "of February 2001 the captain of the ship", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01696-00574623-00574910": "had inaccurately reported his cargo", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01697-00574911-00575175": "falsely claiming the ship carried", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01698-00575176-00575533": "automobile parts the Angolan government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01699-00575534-00575867": "admitted symport ex had purchased arms", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01700-00575868-00576113": "from Razvi orogeny the Russian", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01701-00576114-00576317": "state-owned Arms Company and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01702-00576318-00576527": "acknowledged the captain might have", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01703-00576528-00576833": "violated Spanish law by misreporting his", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01704-00576834-00577115": "cargo a common practice in arms", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01705-00577116-00577372": "smuggling to Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01706-00577373-00577677": "UNITA carried out several attacks", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01707-00577678-00578081": "against civilians in May 2001 in a show", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01708-00578082-00578231": "of strength", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01709-00578232-00578543": "you need a militants attacked kak sido", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01710-00578544-00578915": "on the 7th of May killing 100 people and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01711-00578916-00579274": "kidnapping 60 children and two adults", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01712-00579275-00579626": "you need a then attacked by ado see you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01713-00579627-00580013": "io followed by an attack on Gallego alto", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01714-00580014-00580559": "a city 200 kilometers 124 miles east of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01715-00580560-00580976": "Luanda a few days later the militants", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01716-00580977-00581309": "advanced on Gallego Alto at 2 p.m. on", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01717-00581310-00581711": "the 21st of May staying until 9 p.m. on", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01718-00581712-00581996": "the 22nd of May when the Angolan", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01719-00581997-00582371": "military retook the town they looted", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01720-00582372-00582656": "local businesses taking food and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01721-00582657-00582911": "alcoholic beverages before singing", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01722-00582912-00583364": "drunkenly in the streets more than 700", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01723-00583365-00583763": "villagers trekked 60 kilometers 37 miles", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01724-00583764-00584135": "from Gallego Alto to Nadal at Ando the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01725-00584136-00584402": "provincial capital of kwanzaa Norte", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01726-00584403-00584768": "without injury according to an aid", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01727-00584769-00585089": "official in Nadal at Ando the Angolan", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01728-00585090-00585377": "military prohibited media coverage of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01729-00585378-00585620": "the incident so the details of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01730-00585621-00585835": "attack are unknown", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01731-00585836-00586286": "Joffre Justino you and ITA spokesman in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01732-00586287-00586487": "portugal said UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01733-00586488-00586700": "only attacked a gang go Alto to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01734-00586701-00586939": "demonstrate the government's military", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01735-00586940-00587287": "inferiority and the need to cut a deal", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01736-00587288-00587603": "four days later you need to release the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01737-00587604-00587873": "children to a Catholic mission in koma", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01738-00587874-00588374": "botella a city 200 kilometres 124 miles", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01739-00588375-00588767": "from where you need a kidnapped them the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01740-00588768-00589079": "National Organization said the abduction", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01741-00589080-00589325": "violated their policy towards the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01742-00589326-00589676": "treatment of civilians in a letter to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01743-00589677-00589859": "the bishops of Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01744-00589860-00590174": "jonas savimbi asks the Catholic Church", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01745-00590175-00590480": "to act as an intermediary between UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01746-00590481-00590870": "and the government in negotiations the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01747-00590871-00591149": "attacks took their toll on angola's", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01748-00591150-00591601": "economy at the end of May 2001 dead", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01749-00591602-00591898": "years the international diamond mining", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01750-00591899-00592186": "company suspended its operations in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01751-00592187-00592527": "Angola ostensibly on the grounds that", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01752-00592528-00592723": "negotiations with the national", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01753-00592724-00593026": "government reached an impasse militants", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01754-00593027-00593347": "of unknown affiliation fired rockets at", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01755-00593348-00593671": "United Nations World Food Program you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01756-00593672-00594070": "and WFP planes on the 8th of June near", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01757-00594071-00594367": "Luana and again near Quito a few days", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01758-00594368-00594858": "later as the first plane a Boeing 727", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01759-00594859-00595165": "approached Luana someone shot a missile", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01760-00595166-00595498": "at the aircraft damaging one engine but", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01761-00595499-00595741": "not critically as the three-man crew", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01762-00595742-00596172": "landed successfully the plane's altitude", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01763-00596173-00596463": "5,000 meters", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01764-00596464-00596842": "16400 4 feet most likely prevented the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01765-00596843-00597180": "assailant from identifying his target as", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01766-00597181-00597526": "the citizens of Luana had enough food to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01767-00597527-00597925": "last them several weeks the UN fwp", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01768-00597926-00598354": "temporarily suspended their flights when", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01769-00598355-00598626": "the flights began again a few days later", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01770-00598627-00598939": "militants shot at a plane flying to coup", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01771-00598940-00599227": "ito the first attack targeting UN", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01772-00599228-00599830": "workers since 1999 the UN WFP again", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01773-00599831-00600088": "suspended food aid flights throughout", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01774-00600089-00600412": "the country while he did not claim", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01775-00600413-00600730": "responsibility for the attack you need a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01776-00600731-00600970": "spokesman Justino said the planes", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01777-00600971-00601255": "carried weapons and soldiers rather than", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01778-00601256-00601632": "food making them acceptable targets", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01779-00601633-00601951": "UNITA and the Angolan government both", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01780-00601952-00602233": "said the international community needed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01781-00602234-00602437": "to pressure the other side into", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01782-00602438-00602748": "returning to the negotiating table", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01783-00602749-00603112": "despite the looming humanitarian crisis", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01784-00603113-00603457": "neither side guaranteed you and WFP", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01785-00603458-00603913": "planes safety coup ito which had relied", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01786-00603914-00604210": "on international aid only had enough", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01787-00604211-00604564": "food to feed their population of 200,000", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01788-00604565-00604960": "until the end of the week the UN F dub", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01789-00604961-00605275": "yupi had to fly in all aid to coup ito", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01790-00605276-00605455": "and the rest of the Central Highlands", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01791-00605456-00605796": "because militants ambushed trucks", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01792-00605797-00606114": "further complicating the situation", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01793-00606115-00606430": "potholes in the coup ito airports trip", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01794-00606431-00606841": "slowed aid deliveries overall chaos", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01795-00606842-00607132": "reduced the amount of available oil to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01796-00607133-00607396": "the point at which the UN had to import", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01797-00607397-00607687": "its jet fuel government troops captured", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01798-00607688-00608101": "and destroyed uni ta Zi Pongo loco base", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01799-00608102-00608401": "in Benguela province and muff Ambo base", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01800-00608402-00608902": "in Kwanza Sewell in October 2001 the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01801-00608903-00609217": "Slovak government sold fighter jets to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01802-00609218-00609535": "the Angolan government in 2001 in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01803-00609536-00609832": "violation of the European Union code of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01804-00609833-00610251": "conduct on arms exports", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01805-00610252-00610595": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01806-00610596-00611204": "topic death of Savimbi", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01807-00611205-00611522": "government troops killed Jonas Savimbi", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01808-00611523-00611993": "on the 22nd of February 2002 in Mexico", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01809-00611994-00612362": "province you need a vice president", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01810-00612363-00612710": "antonio Dembo took over but weakened by", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01811-00612711-00612959": "wounds sustained in the same skirmish", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01812-00612960-00613210": "that killed Savimbi died from diabetes", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01813-00613211-00613558": "12 days later on the 3rd of March and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01814-00613559-00613814": "Secretary General Powell Olu Kimba", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01815-00613815-00614236": "became you nit A's leader after", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01816-00614237-00614552": "Savimbi's death the government came to a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01817-00614553-00614917": "crossroads over how to proceed after", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01818-00614918-00615110": "initially indicating the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01819-00615111-00615401": "counterinsurgency might continue the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01820-00615402-00615623": "government announced it would halt all", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01821-00615624-00616066": "military operations on the 13th of march", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01822-00616067-00616381": "military commanders for UNITA and the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01823-00616382-00616733": "MPLA met in kizomba and agreed to a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01824-00616734-00616885": "ceasefire", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01825-00616886-00617180": "however Carlos Morgado", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01826-00617181-00617579": "you and I ta spokesman in Portugal said", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01827-00617580-00617876": "the UN I TAS Portugal wing had been", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01828-00617877-00618140": "under the impression general camera taro", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01829-00618141-00618410": "the UNITA General who agreed to the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01830-00618411-00618686": "ceasefire had been captured more than a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01831-00618687-00619094": "week earlier Morgado did say that he had", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01832-00619095-00619256": "not heard from Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01833-00619257-00619616": "since Savimbi's death the military", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01834-00619617-00619846": "commander signed a Memorandum of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01835-00619847-00620075": "Understanding as an addendum to the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01836-00620076-00620399": "Lusaka protocol in Luana on the 4th of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01837-00620400-00620735": "april with Santos and Lu combo observing", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01838-00620736-00620981": "the United Nations Security Council", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01839-00620982-00621434": "passed resolution 1404 on the 18th of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01840-00621435-00621746": "April extending the monitoring mechanism", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01841-00621747-00622184": "of sanctions by six months resolutions", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01842-00622185-00622691": "14 12 and 14 32 passed on the 17th of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01843-00622692-00623003": "May and the 15th of August respectively", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01844-00623004-00623324": "suspended the UN travel ban on UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01845-00623325-00623648": "officials for 90 days each finally", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01846-00623649-00623894": "abolishing the band through resolution", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01847-00623895-00624571": "14 39 on the 18th of October you na ve M", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01848-00624572-00624857": "extended an additional two months by", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01849-00624858-00625286": "resolution 1439 ended on the 19th of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01850-00625287-00625602": "December you and I TAS new leadership", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01851-00625603-00625877": "declared the rebel group a political", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01852-00625878-00626141": "party and officially demobilized its", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01853-00626142-00626633": "Armed Forces in August 2002 that same", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01854-00626634-00626879": "month the United Nations Security", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01855-00626880-00627188": "Council replaced the United Nations", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01856-00627189-00627504": "office in Angola with the United Nations", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01857-00627505-00627875": "Mission in Angola a larger non-military", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01858-00627876-00628232": "political presence", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01859-00628233-00628603": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01860-00628604-00629195": "topic aftermath", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01861-00629196-00629494": "the Civil War spawned a disastrous", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01862-00629495-00629855": "humanitarian crisis in Angola internally", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01863-00629856-00630187": "displacing 4.2 eight million people", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01864-00630188-00630571": "one-third of Angola's total population", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01865-00630572-00631031": "the United Nations estimated in 2003", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01866-00631032-00631391": "that 80% of angle and slacked access to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01867-00631392-00631562": "basic medical care", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01868-00631563-00632018": "60% lacked access to water and 30% of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01869-00632019-00632261": "Angolan children would die before the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01870-00632262-00632513": "age of five with an overall national", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01871-00632514-00632861": "life expectancy of less than 40 years of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01872-00632862-00633380": "age over 100,000 children were separated", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01873-00633381-00633607": "from their families", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01874-00633608-00633931": "there was an exodus from rural areas in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01875-00633932-00634288": "most of the country today the urban", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01876-00634289-00634558": "population represents slightly more than", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01877-00634559-00634849": "half of the population according to the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01878-00634850-00635347": "latest census in many cases people went", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01879-00635348-00635647": "into cities outside the traditional area", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01880-00635648-00635962": "of their ethnic group there are now", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01881-00635963-00636241": "important ovum bundu communities in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01882-00636242-00636709": "Luanda Milan J and Liu bang go there has", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01883-00636710-00636988": "been a degree of return but at a slow", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01884-00636989-00637258": "pace while many younger people are", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01885-00637259-00637495": "reluctant to go to a rural life that", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01886-00637496-00637792": "they never knew in rural areas one", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01887-00637793-00638020": "problem is that some were for years", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01888-00638021-00638335": "under the control of the MPLA government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01889-00638336-00638658": "while others were controlled by UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01890-00638659-00638947": "some of the population fled to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01891-00638948-00639202": "neighbouring countries while others went", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01892-00639203-00639615": "into remote mountainous areas", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01893-00639616-00639961": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01894-00639962-00640662": "topic humanitarian efforts", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01895-00640663-00641088": "the government spent 187 million dollars", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01896-00641089-00641393": "settling internally displaced persons", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01897-00641394-00641879": "IDPs between the 4th of April 2002 and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01898-00641880-00642258": "2004 after which the World Bank gave 30", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01899-00642259-00642513": "3 million dollars to continue the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01900-00642514-00642921": "settling process the UN office for the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01901-00642922-00643182": "Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01902-00643183-00643617": "OCHA estimated that fighting in 2002", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01903-00643618-00643869": "displaced ninety eight thousand people", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01904-00643870-00644199": "between the 1st of January and the 28th", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01905-00644200-00644853": "of February alone IDPs comprised 75% of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01906-00644854-00645209": "all landmine victims the IDPs", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01907-00645210-00645479": "unacquainted with their surroundings", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01908-00645480-00645783": "frequently and predominantly fell victim", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01909-00645784-00646181": "to these weapons militant forces laid", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01910-00646182-00646541": "approximately 15 million landmines by", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01911-00646542-00646923": "2002 the halo trust began demining", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01912-00646924-00647409": "Angola in 1994 and had destroyed 30,000", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01913-00647410-00648078": "landmines by July 2007 1,100 Angolan", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01914-00648079-00648360": "sand 7 foreign workers are employed by", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01915-00648361-00648666": "the halo trust in Angola with demining", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01916-00648667-00649245": "operations expected to finish by 2014", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01917-00649246-00649592": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01918-00649593-00650218": "topic child soldiers", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01919-00650219-00650564": "Human Rights Watch estimates UNITA and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01920-00650565-00650786": "the government employed more than six", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01921-00650787-00651014": "thousand and three thousand child", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01922-00651015-00651353": "soldiers respectively some forcibly", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01923-00651354-00651652": "impressed during the war", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01924-00651653-00651983": "additionally human rights analysts found", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01925-00651984-00652352": "that between 5,000 and 8,000 underage", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01926-00652353-00652550": "girls were married - you need a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01927-00652551-00652952": "militants some girls were ordered to go", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01928-00652953-00653195": "and forage for food to provide for the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01929-00653196-00653258": "troops", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01930-00653259-00653518": "the girls were denied food if they did", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01931-00653519-00653786": "not bring back enough to satisfy their", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01932-00653787-00654158": "commander after victories UNITA", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01933-00654159-00654407": "commanders would be rewarded with women", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01934-00654408-00654836": "who were often then sexually abused the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01935-00654837-00655120": "Angolan government and UN agencies", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01936-00655121-00655502": "identified 190 child soldiers in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01937-00655503-00655843": "Angolan army and had relocated 70 of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01938-00655844-00656210": "them by November 2002 but the government", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01939-00656211-00656429": "continued to knowingly employ other", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01940-00656430-00656772": "underage soldiers", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01941-00656773-00657144": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01942-00657145-00657812": "topic in popular culture", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01943-00657813-00658265": "in John my aliases 1984 film Red Dawn", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01944-00658266-00658586": "Bella one of the Cuban officers who", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01945-00658587-00658859": "takes part in a joint Cuban Soviet", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01946-00658860-00659165": "invasion of the United States is said to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01947-00659166-00659411": "have fought in the conflicts in Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01948-00659412-00659783": "El Salvador and Nicaragua Jack Abramoff", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01949-00659784-00660068": "wrote and co-produced the film red", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01950-00660069-00660454": "scorpion with his brother Robert in 1989", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01951-00660455-00660665": "in the film", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01952-00660666-00661013": "Dolph Lundgren plays Nikolai a Soviet", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01953-00661014-00661300": "agent sent to assassinate an African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01954-00661301-00661535": "revolutionary in a fictional country", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01955-00661536-00661943": "modeled on Angola the South African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01956-00661944-00662182": "government financed the film through the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01957-00662183-00662501": "international Freedom Foundation a front", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01958-00662502-00662810": "group chaired by Abramoff as part of its", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01959-00662811-00663031": "efforts to undermine international", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01960-00663032-00663299": "sympathy for the African National", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01961-00663300-00663661": "Congress while working in Hollywood", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01962-00663662-00663956": "Abramoff was convicted for fraud and", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01963-00663957-00664160": "other offenses that he had committed", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01964-00664161-00664373": "during his concurrent career as a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01965-00664374-00664810": "lobbyist Lundgren also starred in the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01966-00664811-00665147": "1998 film sweepers as a demolitions", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01967-00665148-00665556": "expert clearing minefields in Angola", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01968-00665557-00665791": "the war provides a more comedic", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01969-00665792-00666085": "background story in the South African", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01970-00666086-00666391": "comedy the gods must be crazy - as a", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01971-00666392-00666706": "Cuban and an Angolan soldier repeatedly", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01972-00666707-00666964": "tried to take each other prisoner but", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01973-00666965-00667306": "ultimately part on more or less amicable", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01974-00667307-00667891": "terms the 2004 film the hero produced by", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01975-00667892-00668170": "Fernando Vendrell and directed by see", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01976-00668171-00668472": "Jose Gamboa depicts the life of average", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01977-00668473-00668731": "angolans in the aftermath of the Civil", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01978-00668732-00669116": "War the film follows the lives of three", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01979-00669117-00669451": "individuals Vittorio a war veteran", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01980-00669452-00669727": "crippled by a landmine who returns to", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01981-00669728-00670072": "Luanda Manu a young boy searching for", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01982-00670073-00670372": "his soldier father and Joanna a teacher", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01983-00670373-00670641": "who mentors the boy and begins a love", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01984-00670642-00671039": "affair with Vittorio the hero won the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01985-00671040-00671433": "2005 Sundance World dramatic cinema jury", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01986-00671434-00671920": "grand prize a joint Angolan Portuguese", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01987-00671921-00672208": "and French production the hero was", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01988-00672209-00672541": "filmed entirely in Angola the Angolan", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01989-00672542-00672850": "Civil War as featured in the 2012 video", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01990-00672851-00673249": "game call of duty black ops 2 in which", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01991-00673250-00673512": "the player character assists Jonas", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01992-00673513-00673891": "Savimbi in a battle against MPLA forces", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01993-00673892-00674233": "in Metal Gear Solid 5 the phantom pain", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01994-00674234-00674672": "the main character known as venom snake", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01995-00674673-00675093": "ventures into the Angola Zaire border", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01996-00675094-00675385": "region during the Angolan Civil War in", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01997-00675386-00675625": "order to track down the men responsible", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01998-00675626-00675870": "for the destruction of his private", "0DV4iNkrPPA-01999-00675871-00676245": "military organization", "0DV4iNkrPPA-02000-00676246-00676614": "you", "0DV4iNkrPPA-02001-00676615-00677225": "topic see also", "0DV4iNkrPPA-02002-00677226-00677522": "another day of life an account of the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-02003-00677523-00677920": "war by Richard Kappas chin ski", "0DV4iNkrPPA-02004-00677921-00678272": "Mozambicans civil war another proxy war", "0DV4iNkrPPA-02005-00678273-00678530": "which also started soon after the", "0DV4iNkrPPA-02006-00678531-00678728": "country gained independence from", "0DV4iNkrPPA-02007-00678729-00679310": "Portugal Reagan doctrine Republic of", "0DV4iNkrPPA-02008-00679311-00680203": "cabinda south african border war", "0DV4iNkrPPA-02009-00680204-00680872": "topic notes and references", "0DV4iNkrPPA-02010-00680873-00681413": "equals equals equals annotations"}}, {"audio_id": "0DbR1FMvmxM", "text": {"0DbR1FMvmxM-00000-00000039-00000279": "the active ingredient in toxoprevent is", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00001-00000280-00000615": "called manc modified and activated", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00002-00000616-00000854": "natural glenoptilolite", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00003-00000855-00001103": "manc particles are negatively charged", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00004-00001104-00001319": "and work like a magnet or a sponge to", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00005-00001320-00001623": "bind and detox toxins from the body it", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00006-00001623-00001823": "emits a negative charge that allows it", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00007-00001823-00002047": "to naturally absorb the toxic substances", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00008-00002048-00002367": "histamine ammonium and heavy metals such", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00009-00002368-00002510": "as lead and mercury", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00010-00002511-00002799": "as well as other biogenic amines", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00011-00002800-00003007": "these toxins can be absorbed inside the", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00012-00003008-00003270": "cage-like structure of the mnc particles", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00013-00003271-00003479": "and adsorbed onto the surface of the", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00014-00003479-00003679": "particle", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00015-00003679-00003943": "manc particles are optimized in size and", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00016-00003944-00004199": "only particles between 6 and 10 microns", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00017-00004200-00004454": "are selected for toxoprevent at this", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00018-00004455-00004702": "size manc particles are too large to be", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00019-00004703-00004847": "absorbed through the intestinal barrier", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00020-00004848-00005070": "into the bloodstream and are too small", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00021-00005071-00005318": "to bind to micronutrients", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00022-00005319-00005559": "the result is that manc particles stay", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00023-00005560-00005791": "within the digestive tract only where", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00024-00005792-00006015": "they selectively bind to only toxic", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00025-00006016-00006238": "substances", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00026-00006239-00006495": "manc particles and the toxic substances", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00027-00006495-00006670": "they have bound are then removed from", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00028-00006672-00006942": "the digestive tract via natural bowel", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00029-00006943-00007070": "movements", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00030-00007072-00007231": "this means your body doesn't have to", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00031-00007231-00007463": "break down and process manc particles or", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00032-00007464-00007727": "any toxins the manc particles have bound", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00033-00007728-00007927": "to", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00034-00007928-00008159": "the toxoprevent skin range also uses", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00035-00008159-00008478": "manc particles as the active ingredient", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00036-00008479-00008719": "manc particles are not absorbed through", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00037-00008720-00008942": "the skin and do not enter the body due", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00038-00008943-00009231": "to the size of the particles", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00039-00009232-00009495": "manc particles bind toxins on the skin", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00040-00009496-00009646": "and prevent them from entering the body", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00041-00009647-00009774": "through the skin", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00042-00009775-00010055": "in particular histamine can be bound and", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00043-00010056-00010278": "eliminated from the skin helping to", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00044-00010279-00010671": "prevent and reduce inflamed skin", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00045-00010672-00010863": "the toxic prevent skin range has three", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00046-00010864-00011142": "different products toxoprint skin powder", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00047-00011143-00011374": "toxic prevents skin cells and toxic", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00048-00011375-00011574": "prevent skin suspension that are", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00049-00011575-00011727": "designed to target different skin", "0DbR1FMvmxM-00050-00011728-00012124": "conditions and severity"}}, {"audio_id": "0E0g2hhmAK0", "text": {"0E0g2hhmAK0-00000-00000055-00001926": "[Music]", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00001-00001927-00002059": "these roads", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00002-00002060-00002502": "intersect on each one i reflect", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00003-00002503-00002855": "these lines write my story", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00004-00002856-00003431": "these places change each one replacing", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00005-00003432-00003775": "like night into morning", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00006-00003776-00004094": "i miss the open day", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00007-00004095-00005615": "[Music]", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00008-00005616-00005911": "guess i'm better off alone never know", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00009-00005912-00006206": "when i'll get home but i know", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00010-00006207-00007198": "that's where the heart is", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00011-00007200-00007955": "where the heart is", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00012-00007956-00008839": "[Music]", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00013-00008840-00009039": "[Music]", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00014-00009040-00009559": "where the heart is", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00015-00009560-00009755": "[Applause]", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00016-00009756-00010238": "[Music]", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00017-00010239-00010814": "the endless journey i need not worry", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00018-00010815-00011159": "i'll get where i'm going", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00019-00011160-00011742": "i made it this far beyond where you are", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00020-00011743-00012087": "and i'll keep on growing", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00021-00012088-00012446": "i miss the open day", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00022-00012447-00014847": "[Music]", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00023-00014847-00015086": "cause i'm better off this way", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00024-00015087-00015655": "moving to better days", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00025-00015656-00015924": "is", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00026-00015925-00017471": "[Music]", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00027-00017472-00017904": "is", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00028-00017905-00018671": "[Music]", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00029-00018672-00019458": "so", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00030-00019459-00019699": "[Music]", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00031-00019700-00019907": "[Applause]", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00032-00019908-00020214": "[Music]", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00033-00020215-00020629": "so", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00034-00020630-00020727": "[Applause]", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00035-00020728-00021567": "[Music]", "0E0g2hhmAK0-00036-00021568-00021776": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0E2ydi-f4ec", "text": {"0E2ydi-f4ec-00000-00000916-00002787": "[Music]", "0E2ydi-f4ec-00001-00002788-00004107": "[Music]", "0E2ydi-f4ec-00002-00004108-00005536": "[Music]", "0E2ydi-f4ec-00003-00005537-00007545": "[Music]", "0E2ydi-f4ec-00004-00007547-00008064": "[Music]", "0E2ydi-f4ec-00005-00008065-00008379": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0EKWU3pWoCE", "text": {"0EKWU3pWoCE-00000-00000016-00000118": "all right all we're gonna do is cross", "0EKWU3pWoCE-00001-00000119-00000919": "this bridge and we're finally safe oh", "0EKWU3pWoCE-00002-00000919-00001244": "i'm down"}}, {"audio_id": "0F3jU8p3EOE", "text": {"0F3jU8p3EOE-00000-00000540-00007948": "[Music]", "0F3jU8p3EOE-00001-00007948-00008023": "[Applause]", "0F3jU8p3EOE-00002-00008023-00009359": "[Music]", "0F3jU8p3EOE-00003-00009360-00009568": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0F91PKvJvj0", "text": {"0F91PKvJvj0-00000-00000003-00000250": "hello I'm John Bower with world", "0F91PKvJvj0-00001-00000252-00000499": "architects and engineers my firm is", "0F91PKvJvj0-00002-00000500-00000797": "assisting Harvard district 50 in the", "0F91PKvJvj0-00003-00000798-00000991": "development of a long-range master plan", "0F91PKvJvj0-00004-00000992-00001183": "a long-range master plan for your", "0F91PKvJvj0-00005-00001184-00001403": "facilities is an important piece to do", "0F91PKvJvj0-00006-00001404-00001616": "before you consider any changes in your", "0F91PKvJvj0-00007-00001617-00001916": "facilities and what we do is we study", "0F91PKvJvj0-00008-00001917-00002114": "various different aspects of how your", "0F91PKvJvj0-00009-00002115-00002350": "facilities perform so far we've looked", "0F91PKvJvj0-00010-00002351-00002588": "at the capacity of buildings look at the", "0F91PKvJvj0-00011-00002589-00002816": "various different ways spaces in each of", "0F91PKvJvj0-00012-00002817-00002972": "the builders you use and most", "0F91PKvJvj0-00013-00002973-00003229": "importantly we have been completing an", "0F91PKvJvj0-00014-00003229-00003536": "educational alignment study which really", "0F91PKvJvj0-00015-00003536-00003824": "evaluates the adequacy of each of your", "0F91PKvJvj0-00016-00003825-00004122": "buildings to deliver the instruction", "0F91PKvJvj0-00017-00004123-00004343": "according to the curriculum within each", "0F91PKvJvj0-00018-00004344-00004643": "building each of the five buildings has", "0F91PKvJvj0-00019-00004644-00004940": "received a score ranging from a low of", "0F91PKvJvj0-00020-00004941-00005245": "43 percent at Washington all the way up", "0F91PKvJvj0-00021-00005246-00005450": "to a 90 percent at the newest building", "0F91PKvJvj0-00022-00005451-00005765": "Crosby Elementary what we've done is we", "0F91PKvJvj0-00023-00005766-00006043": "have looked at 50 different factors each", "0F91PKvJvj0-00024-00006044-00006304": "of which relates to the way in which", "0F91PKvJvj0-00025-00006305-00006569": "learning is achieved in the context of", "0F91PKvJvj0-00026-00006570-00006781": "21st century schools personalized", "0F91PKvJvj0-00027-00006783-00007171": "learning and the specific ways that the", "0F91PKvJvj0-00028-00007172-00007469": "buildings are used and the specific ways", "0F91PKvJvj0-00029-00007470-00007637": "in which the instruction is delivered", "0F91PKvJvj0-00030-00007638-00008023": "it's really important to make sure that", "0F91PKvJvj0-00031-00008025-00008363": "things are in alignment so are the rooms", "0F91PKvJvj0-00032-00008364-00008746": "big enough are they crowded because of", "0F91PKvJvj0-00033-00008747-00008927": "numbers of students are they furnished", "0F91PKvJvj0-00034-00008928-00009160": "correctly do the students and the", "0F91PKvJvj0-00035-00009161-00009389": "instructors have all of the tools and", "0F91PKvJvj0-00036-00009390-00009644": "technology that they need many many", "0F91PKvJvj0-00037-00009645-00009998": "different factors make this up overlaid", "0F91PKvJvj0-00038-00009999-00010196": "with that we have asked each of the", "0F91PKvJvj0-00039-00010197-00010378": "building principals to evaluate each", "0F91PKvJvj0-00040-00010379-00010567": "factor and to assign a level of", "0F91PKvJvj0-00041-00010568-00010946": "importance so on a scale of one to five", "0F91PKvJvj0-00042-00010947-00011183": "with five being the most important they", "0F91PKvJvj0-00043-00011184-00011464": "have identified how each factor compares", "0F91PKvJvj0-00044-00011465-00011728": "so for example something that got a very", "0F91PKvJvj0-00045-00011729-00011944": "low score but is a very high priority", "0F91PKvJvj0-00046-00011945-00012188": "will help the decision makers in", "0F91PKvJvj0-00047-00012189-00012428": "district 50 understand what's really", "0F91PKvJvj0-00048-00012429-00012773": "important and what things are must-haves", "0F91PKvJvj0-00049-00012774-00013076": "in a master plan and what things are of", "0F91PKvJvj0-00050-00013077-00013322": "lesser importance in the overall scheme", "0F91PKvJvj0-00051-00013324-00013515": "things we're excited to be working with", "0F91PKvJvj0-00052-00013516-00013919": "district 50 we've during our five open", "0F91PKvJvj0-00053-00013921-00014190": "house nights here we've invited and", "0F91PKvJvj0-00054-00014191-00014397": "engaged the community in a collaborative", "0F91PKvJvj0-00055-00014397-00014663": "process we want to hear what the people", "0F91PKvJvj0-00056-00014665-00014916": "of Harvard believe about their schools", "0F91PKvJvj0-00057-00014916-00015210": "what they perceive as needs and this is", "0F91PKvJvj0-00058-00015211-00015360": "just the first step in what will be a", "0F91PKvJvj0-00059-00015361-00015753": "continuing conversation with all of the", "0F91PKvJvj0-00060-00015754-00016016": "staff administrators students and", "0F91PKvJvj0-00061-00016016-00016287": "community members in Harvard district 50", "0F91PKvJvj0-00062-00016288-00016566": "thank you"}}, {"audio_id": "0F9JnlNpf9U", "text": {"0F9JnlNpf9U-00000-00000000-00000308": "I'm here with team 28:23 we're guys his", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00001-00000309-00000446": "name's I'm Noel", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00002-00000447-00000778": "I'm Calissa I'm Morris so what's up", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00003-00000779-00000986": "what's up team are you guys on I'm", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00004-00000986-00001145": "actually I'm one of the captains of this", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00005-00001146-00001291": "team this year so I'm part team", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00006-00001292-00001429": "coordinator and lead management of the", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00007-00001430-00001757": "team I'm on business getting that", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00008-00001757-00001930": "getting those that getting that money", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00009-00001930-00002216": "for me I'm somewhat in like three like", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00010-00002217-00002434": "spots like I meant built team CAD and", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00011-00002435-00002723": "like design or like in business in some", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00012-00002724-00002897": "way well they're all tied together", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00013-00002898-00003518": "though everybody's and everything so", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00014-00003519-00003650": "this your guys its first time at them", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00015-00003651-00005075": "are I yeah yup yeah yeah it is a love I", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00016-00005076-00005218": "wouldn't be able to give it would you", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00017-00005219-00005549": "know what you guys the favorite thing so", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00018-00005550-00005902": "far here I always love competitions all", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00019-00005903-00006050": "the wacky mascots and all the weird", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00020-00006051-00006259": "dancing it's I'm a nerd I like me you're", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00021-00006260-00006723": "under the Nerds it's fun the robots", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00022-00006725-00006967": "being the mascot and danced his songs", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00023-00006968-00007234": "they can actually dance to like this one", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00024-00007234-00007492": "okay thank you guys for joining us", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00025-00007493-00007938": "Highland Park you're welcome", "0F9JnlNpf9U-00026-00007939-00008251": "[Applause]"}}, {"audio_id": "0FpT6kysbh4", "text": {"0FpT6kysbh4-00000-00000014-00001062": "[Music]", "0FpT6kysbh4-00001-00001063-00001295": "uh this one for my brother devil legend", "0FpT6kysbh4-00002-00001296-00001519": "never dies and no one was there to see", "0FpT6kysbh4-00003-00001520-00001767": "it if i ever cry i just need a [__] who", "0FpT6kysbh4-00004-00001768-00001967": "love me and who never lies cause she", "0FpT6kysbh4-00005-00001968-00002134": "know that i'll leave her if she ever", "0FpT6kysbh4-00006-00002135-00002423": "tries had to sacrifice i came up in a", "0FpT6kysbh4-00007-00002424-00002663": "recession i ain't compromised [__] get", "0FpT6kysbh4-00008-00002664-00002895": "to pointing on me imma wash the dice i", "0FpT6kysbh4-00009-00002896-00003071": "can see when [__] plotting gotta watch", "0FpT6kysbh4-00010-00003072-00003303": "the eyes and i got too many [__] now", "0FpT6kysbh4-00011-00003304-00003511": "they lost their lies all i'm asking for", "0FpT6kysbh4-00012-00003511-00003711": "my children is that y'all survive a lot", "0FpT6kysbh4-00013-00003711-00003886": "of [__] hit my line up and they got", "0FpT6kysbh4-00014-00003887-00004119": "advice come and get that information if", "0FpT6kysbh4-00015-00004120-00004303": "you got a question name what time i", "0FpT6kysbh4-00016-00004304-00004502": "faked the funk and i was i reflection", "0FpT6kysbh4-00017-00004503-00004679": "name of time i took a loss and then come", "0FpT6kysbh4-00018-00004680-00004879": "back the next one name a rapper living", "0FpT6kysbh4-00019-00004880-00005070": "lives because they want attention i", "0FpT6kysbh4-00020-00005071-00005302": "decided imma get it that was my decision", "0FpT6kysbh4-00021-00005303-00005479": "[__] this is my division none of this", "0FpT6kysbh4-00022-00005480-00005679": "is their concern being my position is", "0FpT6kysbh4-00023-00005680-00005838": "some lessons they gonna have to learn", "0FpT6kysbh4-00024-00005839-00006015": "everybody want the [__] spoils they", "0FpT6kysbh4-00025-00006016-00006191": "ain't have to earn tell me this is not", "0FpT6kysbh4-00026-00006192-00006383": "absurd little [__] got some nerve", "0FpT6kysbh4-00027-00006384-00006598": "homie this is worth the earth every now", "0FpT6kysbh4-00028-00006600-00006710": "and then there's bridges you're gonna", "0FpT6kysbh4-00029-00006711-00006919": "have to burn make it too much [__]", "0FpT6kysbh4-00030-00006920-00007142": "money for a tax return yeah the same", "0FpT6kysbh4-00031-00007143-00007367": "entitled kid that never did his chores i", "0FpT6kysbh4-00032-00007368-00007542": "just bought my dad a duplex and we did", "0FpT6kysbh4-00033-00007543-00007734": "the floors swear that boy just keep on", "0FpT6kysbh4-00034-00007736-00007927": "rhyming he forget the course get my", "0FpT6kysbh4-00035-00007928-00008103": "flowers while i'm here i gotta hit the", "0FpT6kysbh4-00036-00008104-00008319": "floors [__] thought he ran the city he", "0FpT6kysbh4-00037-00008320-00008535": "was just a tourist my perspective in", "0FpT6kysbh4-00038-00008536-00008678": "effect from what i've seen in all the", "0FpT6kysbh4-00039-00008679-00008814": "places that i've been kids out the", "0FpT6kysbh4-00040-00008815-00008991": "country with no pot to piss a place to", "0FpT6kysbh4-00041-00008992-00009191": "go [__] really starving why you [__]", "0FpT6kysbh4-00042-00009192-00009383": "isn't grateful for [__] [__] no", "0FpT6kysbh4-00043-00009384-00009559": "amount of money that can make me feel", "0FpT6kysbh4-00044-00009560-00009759": "rich i got a different cold i'm just a", "0FpT6kysbh4-00045-00009760-00009999": "different breed different frequency it's", "0FpT6kysbh4-00046-00010000-00010135": "hard for me to trust these hoes i've", "0FpT6kysbh4-00047-00010136-00010335": "seen a secrecy have married [__]", "0FpT6kysbh4-00048-00010336-00010510": "sneaking out so they can link with me", "0FpT6kysbh4-00049-00010511-00010678": "hey [__] your theories i treat humans", "0FpT6kysbh4-00050-00010679-00010967": "like conspiracies parallel universes i'm", "0FpT6kysbh4-00051-00010968-00011183": "the realest me he never tried to be a", "0FpT6kysbh4-00052-00011184-00011423": "gangster but i'm still a g even [__]", "0FpT6kysbh4-00053-00011424-00011631": "that be banging i would still agree hey", "0FpT6kysbh4-00054-00011632-00011799": "i just learned a second language now i'm", "0FpT6kysbh4-00055-00011800-00011951": "feeling dangerous hey y'all don't know", "0FpT6kysbh4-00056-00011952-00012142": "what pain is lost who you love most just", "0FpT6kysbh4-00057-00012143-00012303": "hoping that the death was painless no", "0FpT6kysbh4-00058-00012304-00012495": "time to grieve we gotta plan a funeral", "0FpT6kysbh4-00059-00012496-00012663": "arrangements and you don't get to stop", "0FpT6kysbh4-00060-00012664-00012822": "the hustle or your mortgage payments", "0FpT6kysbh4-00061-00012823-00012935": "that's where the soy that's where", "0FpT6kysbh4-00062-00012936-00013119": "detectives were the burt and caleb i", "0FpT6kysbh4-00063-00013119-00013271": "started shutting down and people close", "0FpT6kysbh4-00064-00013272-00013447": "feel like a stranger his life is real", "0FpT6kysbh4-00065-00013447-00013591": "it's nothing faker in this world and", "0FpT6kysbh4-00066-00013591-00013799": "famous don't care for everybody love me", "0FpT6kysbh4-00067-00013800-00014007": "[__] i ain't raining my mama named me", "0FpT6kysbh4-00068-00014008-00014207": "david i wonder where it be right now if", "0FpT6kysbh4-00069-00014208-00014375": "daddy didn't raise him if you ain't", "0FpT6kysbh4-00070-00014376-00014527": "putting money in a [__] quick", "0FpT6kysbh4-00071-00014528-00014719": "complaining i gotta rap right now for", "0FpT6kysbh4-00072-00014719-00014894": "any [__] that's not complaining and she", "0FpT6kysbh4-00073-00014895-00015047": "just got some random titties i ain't", "0FpT6kysbh4-00074-00015047-00015286": "body shaming cause i'm a different breed", "0FpT6kysbh4-00075-00015287-00015455": "this a different league i'm like a", "0FpT6kysbh4-00076-00015456-00015591": "burger it don't feel right if i'm", "0FpT6kysbh4-00077-00015591-00015799": "missing cheese i ain't perfect but it's", "0FpT6kysbh4-00078-00015800-00016038": "very few deficiencies you can catch me", "0FpT6kysbh4-00079-00016040-00016175": "off a flight i'm about to switch to", "0FpT6kysbh4-00080-00016176-00016391": "grease i'm trying to feel the breeze i", "0FpT6kysbh4-00081-00016392-00016575": "could feel the peace i had to put my", "0FpT6kysbh4-00082-00016576-00016783": "phone down cause that's a real disease i", "0FpT6kysbh4-00083-00016784-00016967": "care less if you feel it boy this [__]", "0FpT6kysbh4-00084-00016968-00017191": "with me i said a legend never dies we", "0FpT6kysbh4-00085-00017192-00017391": "make it history they need someone to", "0FpT6kysbh4-00086-00017392-00017575": "bring us home right now the game is tied", "0FpT6kysbh4-00087-00017576-00017727": "i'm rounding third i'm just that [__]", "0FpT6kysbh4-00088-00017728-00017935": "that you can't deny i'm sliding in like", "0FpT6kysbh4-00089-00017936-00018135": "i just putting panties to the side she", "0FpT6kysbh4-00090-00018136-00018327": "said she going celibate i bet i changed", "0FpT6kysbh4-00091-00018328-00018575": "her mind bro this imperative a [__]", "0FpT6kysbh4-00092-00018576-00018807": "trying to win the mvp for parenting what", "0FpT6kysbh4-00093-00018808-00018967": "good's the knowledge you obtain if you", "0FpT6kysbh4-00094-00018968-00019175": "ain't sharing it look in the mirror when", "0FpT6kysbh4-00095-00019176-00019391": "i need to see my therapist be out the", "0FpT6kysbh4-00096-00019392-00019820": "country i forgot i was american"}}, {"audio_id": "0FBCXIDrWEy", "text": {"0FBCXIDrWEy-00000-00000142-00001285": "[Music]", "0FBCXIDrWEy-00001-00001286-00001394": "thank you", "0FBCXIDrWEy-00002-00001395-00003282": "[Music]", "0FBCXIDrWEy-00003-00003283-00004006": "[Music]", "0FBCXIDrWEy-00004-00004007-00004307": "foreign"}}, {"audio_id": "0FRbotjZ8aE", "text": {"0FRbotjZ8aE-00000-00000051-00000319": "Bhupinder Yadav born the 30th of June", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00001-00000320-00000692": "1969 is an Indian politician he is a", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00002-00000693-00000893": "member of parliament in the Raja Sabha", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00003-00000894-00001111": "representing the state of Rajasthan a", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00004-00001112-00001426": "position he has held since 2012 he is a", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00005-00001427-00001612": "national general secretary of the", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00006-00001613-00002240": "Bharatiya Janata Party", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00007-00002241-00002807": "topic early life and career", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00008-00002808-00003123": "Yoav was born in admira's ston on the", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00009-00003124-00003468": "30th of June 1969 he received his", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00010-00003469-00003668": "bachelor's degree in Bachelor of Laws", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00011-00003669-00004392": "degree from Government College Adler", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00012-00004393-00004897": "topic career", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00013-00004898-00005125": "he was elected to the Raja Sabha in", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00014-00005126-00005416": "April 2012 he is the co-author ritwik", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00015-00005417-00005614": "Dutta of Supreme Court and forest", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00016-00005615-00005818": "conservation the second edition of which", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00017-00005819-00006112": "was published in 2007 a study of forest", "0FRbotjZ8aE-00018-00006113-00006430": "conservation in India"}}, {"audio_id": "0G3nAF7kNX8", "text": {"0G3nAF7kNX8-00000-00000138-00000643": "foreign", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00001-00000644-00003525": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00002-00003526-00004183": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00003-00004184-00005395": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00004-00005396-00005977": "thank you", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00005-00005978-00006498": "I'm serious", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00006-00006500-00011855": "39 years services", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00007-00011856-00012579": "foreign", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00008-00012580-00016086": "[Applause]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00009-00016087-00016209": "come on", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00010-00016210-00017046": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00011-00017047-00017400": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00012-00017401-00018277": "Japan", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00013-00018278-00018580": "I am grateful", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00014-00018581-00018808": "um", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00015-00018809-00019063": "today I'm coming to present a modern", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00016-00019064-00019268": "urinate facility", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00017-00019269-00019644": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00018-00019645-00020033": "I came here and I asked what is it that", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00019-00020034-00020285": "you people don't have what do you want", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00020-00020286-00020536": "them to do for you", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00021-00020537-00020855": "and I would say okay and comfortably 12", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00022-00020856-00021367": "years", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00023-00021368-00021647": "and see because of that I said no", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00024-00021648-00021875": "problem I had to come together with my", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00025-00021876-00021983": "team", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00026-00021984-00022235": "almost used a few months or two months", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00027-00022236-00022625": "how many months one month to build this", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00028-00022626-00022822": "toilet tank in the toilet Morgan", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00029-00022823-00023050": "facility you see here", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00030-00023051-00023447": "and a wooden toilet", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00031-00023448-00023886": "that's being home and your room candles", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00032-00023887-00024247": "really loves me like God bless you", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00033-00024248-00024517": "thank you", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00034-00024518-00024661": "God bless", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00035-00024662-00025164": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00036-00025165-00025528": "you people to clean", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00037-00025529-00026233": "brands", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00038-00026233-00026902": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00039-00026904-00029114": "foreign", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00040-00029116-00029773": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00041-00029774-00030882": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00042-00030883-00031407": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00043-00031408-00032405": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00044-00032406-00032905": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00045-00032906-00033112": "at Grandma", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00046-00033113-00033572": "whoops Master water and soup", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00047-00033573-00033623": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00048-00033624-00034073": "um", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00049-00034074-00034212": "mattresses", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00050-00034213-00034817": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00051-00034818-00035014": "everybody", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00052-00035015-00036029": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00053-00036030-00036383": "foreign", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00054-00036384-00037349": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00055-00037350-00038098": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00056-00038099-00038692": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00057-00038693-00038794": "[Applause]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00058-00038795-00039079": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00059-00039080-00039308": "oh man", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00060-00039309-00040015": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00061-00040016-00040335": "let's go", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00062-00040336-00041310": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00063-00041311-00042268": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00064-00042269-00042623": "foreign", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00065-00042624-00044213": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00066-00044214-00045580": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00067-00045581-00046493": "foreign", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00068-00046494-00047117": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00069-00047118-00048257": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00070-00048258-00048630": "now in a second", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00071-00048631-00055063": "okay foreign", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00072-00055064-00055319": "favorite charity Foundation they are", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00073-00055320-00055687": "about to say about working tomorrow", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00074-00055688-00055925": "will be able to support our human", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00075-00055926-00059466": "Foundation foreign", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00076-00059466-00060049": "[Music]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00077-00060050-00060204": "thank you", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00078-00060205-00060312": "[Applause]", "0G3nAF7kNX8-00079-00060313-00060926": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0G54n07QCOu", "text": {"0G54n07QCOu-00000-00000008-00002303": "wow", "0G54n07QCOu-00001-00002304-00003495": "[Music]", "0G54n07QCOu-00002-00003496-00004084": "foreign", "0G54n07QCOu-00003-00004085-00004760": "[Music]", "0G54n07QCOu-00004-00004761-00006295": "[Music]", "0G54n07QCOu-00005-00006296-00006566": "so", "0G54n07QCOu-00006-00006567-00007101": "[Music]", "0G54n07QCOu-00007-00007102-00008591": "[Music]", "0G54n07QCOu-00008-00008592-00009183": "[Music]", "0G54n07QCOu-00009-00009184-00009392": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0Gk0M8fk5gy", "text": {"0Gk0M8fk5gy-00000-00000003-00000221": "the canvas told me evolution this year", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00001-00000222-00000455": "chronicles is a cannabis infused social", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00002-00000456-00000655": "dating platform that allows marijuana", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00003-00000656-00000875": "enthusiasts to find partners or friends", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00004-00000876-00001124": "to smoke and hang out with take the", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00005-00001125-00001244": "guesswork out of knowing if your", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00006-00001245-00001490": "potential soulmate is 420 friendly we", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00007-00001491-00001657": "match you based on common interests from", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00008-00001659-00001862": "your social profiles including movies", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00009-00001863-00002132": "music books or sports teams you could", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00010-00002133-00002309": "even share artist tracks from Spotify to", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00011-00002310-00002535": "indulge in auditory exploration of taste", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00012-00002536-00002780": "play a night out and coordinate your", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00013-00002781-00003016": "Google Calendar for your adventure book", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00014-00003017-00003179": "a table for millions of restaurants", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00015-00003180-00003374": "purchase tickets to updated list of", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00016-00003375-00003653": "events and concerts get there using uber", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00017-00003654-00003845": "or lyft and if you were the romantic", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00018-00003846-00004133": "type then flowers ahead of time all from", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00019-00004134-00004406": "chronic Souls website or iOS or Android", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00020-00004407-00004604": "app it's an all-inclusive dating", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00021-00004605-00004751": "platform that will lead to lasting", "0Gk0M8fk5gy-00022-00004752-00005237": "connections join chronic Souls today"}}, {"audio_id": "0GsuNtWVTEg", "text": {"0GsuNtWVTEg-00000-00000003-00001407": "I gave you the best decision rule", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00001-00001408-00001603": "probably it is looking completely", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00002-00001604-00001937": "theoretical to you I will try to give", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00003-00001938-00002255": "some examples so that it will be more", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00004-00002256-00003091": "clear to you so I will write here let us", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00005-00003092-00003338": "take the number or let us say the number", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00006-00003339-00003827": "of classes is two and the first density", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00007-00003828-00006594": "function is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00008-00006595-00007214": "here is one density function and let me", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00009-00007215-00010078": "give you other density function", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00010-00010079-00010504": "P 1 X is equal to X when X lies between", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00011-00010505-00010870": "0 & 1 2 minus X when X lies between 1 &", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00012-00010871-00011299": "2 0 otherwise P 2 X is equal to X minus", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00013-00011300-00011707": "1 X lies between 1 & 2 3 minus X X lies", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00014-00011708-00012076": "between 2 & 3 0 otherwise let us see how", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00015-00012077-00012462": "this density functions look like ok", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00016-00012463-00012685": "since I will be using this part of the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00017-00012686-00012888": "board for some other calculation let me", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00018-00012890-00013671": "use this part of the board this is X 0 X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00019-00013672-00014497": "1 this is 2 3 between 0 & 1 the value is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00020-00014497-00015427": "X so if I write this as 1 this is a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00021-00015428-00015829": "straight line at 0 it is actually going", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00022-00015830-00016285": "to 0 at 1 the value is 1 look at this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00023-00016286-00017359": "and from 1 to 2 it is 2 minus X so in", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00024-00017360-00018012": "fact we can include this also no problem", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00025-00018013-00018744": "and 0 otherwise okay and look at this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00026-00018745-00019047": "this is X minus 1 let us also include", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00027-00019048-00019438": "this thing this is X minus 1 when X lies", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00028-00019439-00019684": "between 1 & 2 that means that X is equal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00029-00019685-00019966": "to 1 the value is 0 at X is equal to 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00030-00019967-00020755": "the value is 1 so this is again and this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00031-00020756-00021136": "is 3 minus X again at X is equal to 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00032-00021137-00021460": "the value is 1 and X is equal to 3 the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00033-00021461-00022079": "value is 0 so here is a straight line", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00034-00022080-00022679": "and zero otherwise if you look at the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00035-00022680-00022964": "mathematics that I gave you there Omega", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00036-00022965-00023188": "is a subset of RN that is what I wrote", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00037-00023189-00023579": "here our Omega is a subset of our real", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00038-00023580-00023882": "life in fact what is our Omega here", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00039-00023883-00024211": "around the Omega is the set 0 to 3", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00040-00024212-00024517": "because outside that the values are zero", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00041-00024518-00024992": "for both the functions okay so here", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00042-00024993-00026447": "Omega is zero to three now say the prior", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00043-00026448-00026957": "probability of this class is P let me", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00044-00026958-00027472": "write this thing as even this is P to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00045-00027473-00027733": "prior probability of the first class is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00046-00027733-00028058": "capital P prior probability of this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00047-00028058-00028645": "class is 1 minus P sum of these two", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00048-00028647-00029383": "things is 1 okay as you can see there is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00049-00029385-00029695": "an overlap between the classes there is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00050-00029697-00030068": "an overlap between the classes now these", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00051-00030069-00030386": "are the density functions now I will", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00052-00030387-00030797": "start now here in the base decision rule", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00053-00030798-00031136": "what is the base decision rule our Omega", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00054-00031137-00031673": "1 0 is the set of all X for which P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00055-00031674-00032156": "times P 1 X is greater than or equal to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00056-00032157-00032492": "I am putting the equal to here 1 minus P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00057-00032493-00033412": "into P 2 X this is Omega 1 0 ok", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00058-00033413-00034471": "now let us have some cases case 1 say X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00059-00034472-00035215": "lies between 0 & 1 when X is lying", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00060-00035216-00035379": "between 0 & 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00061-00035380-00035748": "the density of the second class is 0", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00062-00035749-00035872": "right", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00063-00035873-00036154": "look at that one the density of the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00064-00036155-00036664": "second class is 0 to 1 the density value", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00065-00036665-00037588": "is 0 ok so this implies P to X is equal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00066-00037589-00038332": "to 0 okay so this implies actually P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00067-00038333-00038833": "times P 1 X is this is either greater", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00068-00038834-00039139": "than 0 or equal to 0 so this is always", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00069-00039140-00039454": "greater than or equal to 1 minus P times", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00070-00039455-00040318": "P DX right so that means when X is X is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00071-00040319-00040630": "lying between 0 & 1 this has to go to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00072-00040631-00041025": "class 1 so this actually implies that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00073-00041026-00041590": "this set 0 to 1 at 0 it is closed at 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00074-00041591-00041902": "this is open it is a subset of Omega 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00075-00041903-00042459": "is 0 right", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00076-00042460-00043203": "now let us take case 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00077-00043204-00043642": "- less than or equal to 2 less than X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00078-00043643-00044668": "less than or equal to 3 ok I can as well", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00079-00044669-00044962": "include equal to also no problem I can", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00080-00044963-00045390": "include equal to also no problem here", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00081-00045391-00045733": "what will happen here when X is lying", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00082-00045734-00046150": "between 2 & 3 this actually implies that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00083-00046151-00046890": "P 1 X is equal to 0 is it true", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00084-00046891-00047376": "at X is equal to 2 the value is 0 and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00085-00047377-00047890": "greater than 2 also the value is 0 at X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00086-00047891-00048109": "is equal to 2 the value is 0 greater", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00087-00048110-00048535": "than 2 also the value is 0 so P 1 X is 0", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00088-00048536-00049614": "here this implies 1 minus P times P 2 X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00089-00049615-00050740": "is P times P 1 X so this whole set this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00090-00050741-00052096": "will go to plus 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00091-00052097-00052475": "now let us have the main case that is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00092-00052476-00053186": "the case three case 3 is 0 to 1 so 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00093-00053187-00053907": "less than or equal to X less than 2 okay", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00094-00053908-00054485": "now let us see p times p-1 X it is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00095-00054486-00054841": "greater than or equal to 1 minus P times", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00096-00054842-00055357": "P 2 X this implies 3 times what is the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00097-00055358-00055898": "value of P 1 X P 1 X is X know P 1 X is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00098-00055899-00057025": "2 minus X 1 minus P times this is X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00099-00057026-00057817": "minus 1 P 2 X is X minus 1 okay P 2 X is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00100-00057819-00058381": "X minus 1 so this implies 2 P minus P X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00101-00058382-00058801": "is greater than or equal to X minus 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00102-00058802-00059518": "minus P X plus P this minus px minus P X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00103-00059519-00060895": "gets cancelled and 2 P minus P is P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00104-00060896-00061433": "X is less than or equal to 1 plus P - P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00105-00061434-00061826": "- P is P this one is coming this side so", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00106-00061827-00062248": "1 plus P is greater than or equal to X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00107-00062249-00062657": "now from these three cases what can we", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00108-00062658-00062804": "say about Omega 1 0", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00109-00062804-00063704": "so basically Omega 1 0 is 0 to 1 and 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00110-00063704-00064178": "to 1 plus p 0 to 1 and 1 to 1 plus P so", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00111-00064179-00065087": "this is basically 0 to 1 plus p 0 to 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00112-00065088-00065582": "here here 1 to 1 plus P so this is 0 to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00113-00065583-00066734": "1 plus P and what is Omega 2 0 1 plus P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00114-00066735-00067295": "2 2 and 2 to 3 here you have 1 plus P 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00115-00067296-00067649": "2 and here it is 2 to 3 so this is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00116-00067650-00068710": "basically 1 plus P 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00117-00068711-00069166": "is it clear when X is less than or equal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00118-00069167-00069367": "to 1 plus P you will put it in class 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00119-00069368-00069640": "when X is greater than 1 plus P you will", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00120-00069641-00070201": "put it in class 2 so here X greater than", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00121-00070202-00070465": "1 plus 3 means it goes to class 2 up -", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00122-00070466-00070945": "what up to 2 now you might be having a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00123-00070946-00071499": "question is 1 plus P less than 2 always", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00124-00071500-00071950": "it is less than 2 because this P is less", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00125-00071951-00072280": "than or equal to 1 P this P cannot be", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00126-00072281-00072745": "greater than 1 so 1 plus P so 1 plus P 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00127-00072746-00073468": "2 and 2 2 3 so this is 1 plus P 2 3 so", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00128-00073469-00073792": "these are the this is the reason for", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00129-00073793-00074061": "class 1 this is the reason for class 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00130-00074062-00074410": "now let us calculate the probability of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00131-00074411-00074842": "misclassification probability of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00132-00074843-00075907": "misclassification probability of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00133-00075908-00076518": "misclassification is equal to P times", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00134-00076519-00077407": "integral P 1 x over this set 1 plus P 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00135-00077408-00078456": "3", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00136-00078457-00079253": "1 plus P 2 3 plus 1 minus P times", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00137-00079254-00080770": "integral P 2 X 0 2 1 plus P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00138-00080771-00081034": "look at the expressions that you have", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00139-00081035-00081484": "the expression is P 1 P 1 x over Omega 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00140-00081485-00081782": "so this is the prior probability of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00141-00081783-00081995": "classifier multiplied by this over Omega", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00142-00081996-00082541": "2 that is 1 plus P 2 3 then P 2 P 2 over", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00143-00082542-00083281": "Omega 1 so 0 2 1 plus P this is equal to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00144-00083282-00084188": "P times integral P P 1 X is 0 when X is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00145-00084189-00084479": "greater than or equal to 2 so basically", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00146-00084480-00084680": "we need not have to take the whole of 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00147-00084681-00085851": "plus P 2 3 this is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00148-00085852-00086829": "right plus here again p2 is zero from", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00149-00086830-00087441": "zero to one so this is basically one to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00150-00087442-00088463": "one plus P so this is equal to P times", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00151-00088464-00089148": "integral 1 plus p2 to what is P 1 P 1 is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00152-00089149-00091449": "2 minus X what is P 2 P 2 is X minus 1 P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00153-00091450-00091575": "2 is X minus 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00154-00091576-00092139": "now this is equal to P times what is the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00155-00092140-00092526": "integral of 2 minus X this will be 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00156-00092527-00092907": "minus X whole square by 2 and there is a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00157-00092908-00093531": "negative sign this whole thing this you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00158-00093532-00093822": "need to evaluate it at 2 and evaluate 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00159-00093823-00094436": "plus P from this you need to subtract", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00160-00094437-00095337": "and this one integral of X minus 1 this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00161-00095338-00095760": "will be X minus 1 whole square by 2 this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00162-00095761-00096504": "is also from 1 to 1 plus P so this will", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00163-00096505-00097025": "be equal to P times a to the value is 0", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00164-00097026-00097452": "so this will be 2 minus 1 minus P so", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00165-00097453-00098178": "this is 1 minus P whole square by 2 this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00166-00098179-00098535": "negative a to the value is 0 minus and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00167-00098536-00098739": "there is again a minus so this is going", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00168-00098740-00099073": "to be positive plus", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00169-00099074-00099613": "one minus P into at 1 plus P the value", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00170-00099614-00100990": "is P Square by 2 at 1 the value is 0", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00171-00100991-00101329": "and if you take 3 times 1 - by 1 minus 3", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00172-00101330-00101641": "by 2 as common what you are going to get", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00173-00101642-00101881": "is here you are going to get 1 minus P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00174-00101882-00103204": "and here you will get 3 so this will be", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00175-00103205-00103768": "P times 1 minus P by 2 so this is base", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00176-00103769-00104283": "error probability that means if you take", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00177-00104284-00104733": "any any other decision rule its error", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00178-00104734-00105004": "probability will be greater than or", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00179-00105005-00105553": "equal to this probability so now you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00180-00105554-00105951": "give me a decision rule one of you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00181-00105952-00106940": "please give me a decision rule", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00182-00106941-00107222": "okay I will give one then afterwards you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00183-00107223-00107567": "try something else say my decision rule", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00184-00107568-00108044": "is X less than or equal to 1.2 I will", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00185-00108045-00108722": "put it in class one okay and greater", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00186-00108723-00109538": "than 1.2 I will put it in class too he", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00187-00109539-00109619": "is the decision rule", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00188-00109620-00110027": "I just taken some decision rule X less", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00189-00110028-00110258": "than or equal to 1.2 I will put it in", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00190-00110258-00110531": "class 1 greater than 1.2 I will put it", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00191-00110532-00111160": "in class to note that in this decision", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00192-00111161-00111581": "rule there is a capital P here but in", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00193-00111582-00112175": "this rule there is no capital P in this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00194-00112176-00112360": "rule there is no capital P there is no", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00195-00112361-00112688": "prior probability X less than or equal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00196-00112689-00112892": "to 1.2 I am putting it in class 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00197-00112893-00113048": "greater than 1.0 I am putting it in", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00198-00113049-00113378": "class 2 now let us find the probability", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00199-00113379-00113498": "of error or probability of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00200-00113499-00113831": "misclassification for this rule so that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00201-00113832-00114431": "means here our Omega 1 is 0 to 1 point 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00202-00114432-00115490": "and Omega 2 is 1 point 2 to 3 Omega 1 is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00203-00115491-00115813": "0 to 1 point 2 Omega 2 is 1 point 2 to 3", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00204-00115814-00116075": "now what is the probability of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00205-00116076-00116335": "misclassification here the probability", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00206-00116336-00117472": "of misclassification is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00207-00117473-00117940": "the probability of misclassification is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00208-00117941-00118928": "again P times P 1 X / Omega 2 plus 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00209-00118929-00119945": "minus 3 times P 2 X over Omega 1 so this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00210-00119946-00120115": "is the probability of misclassification", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00211-00120116-00120592": "now what is this value this is equal to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00212-00120593-00122120": "P times Omega 2 is 1 point 2 2 3 plus 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00213-00122121-00123490": "minus P times Omega 1 is 0 to 1 point 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00214-00123491-00123766": "here again the same thing happens we can", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00215-00123767-00124051": "take one point two two two and here one", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00216-00124052-00126495": "to one point two", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00217-00126496-00127149": "right and this is equal to P time again", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00218-00127150-00128906": "P 1 X is equal to how much 2 minus X and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00219-00128907-00129888": "P 2 X is equal to X minus 1 and this is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00220-00129889-00130248": "equal to P times again let us do the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00221-00130249-00131615": "same thing this here it is 1 point 2 2 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00222-00131616-00132258": "this is X minus 1 whole square by 2 this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00223-00132259-00132972": "is 1 2 1 point 2 this is equal to P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00224-00132973-00133377": "times again at 2 the value is 0 at one", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00225-00133378-00134085": "point 2 the value is 0.8 0.8 square this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00226-00134086-00134582": "is 0.64 by 2 okay", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00227-00134583-00135531": "Plus at 1 point 2 the value is 0.2 whole", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00228-00135532-00136548": "square that is point 0 4 by 2 so this is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00229-00136549-00137476": "equal to 0.32 P plus", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00230-00137477-00138459": "this is 0.02 okay so this is the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00231-00138460-00138740": "probability of misclassification now I", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00232-00138741-00139361": "claim that this is less than or equal to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00233-00139362-00141059": "this you have any question", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00234-00141060-00141549": "oh why did I take it to to look human X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00235-00141550-00142058": "look at the definition of p1 X anything", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00236-00142059-00142222": "greater than 2 the value is 0", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00237-00142223-00142453": "so we do not have to take anything from", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00238-00142454-00142931": "2 to 3 that is why it is 1 point 2 to 3", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00239-00142932-00143311": "here also 0 to 1 we need not take", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00240-00143312-00143843": "because 0 to 1 the value is 0 0 to 1 the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00241-00143844-00144257": "value is 0 for p2 so we need to take", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00242-00144258-00146103": "only 1 to 1 point 2 so this is 0.02 plus", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00243-00146104-00146882": "0.32 P minus 0.02 P right this is equal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00244-00146883-00147481": "to 0.02 0.32 P minus this 1 this is plus", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00245-00147482-00148204": "0.3 P am i right 1 into zero point zero", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00246-00148205-00148816": "two 0.02 and this is 0.32 P and this is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00247-00148817-00149104": "minus zero point zero to P point three", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00248-00149105-00149551": "two - this one is point 3 p right now I", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00249-00149552-00149981": "claim that this is greater than or equal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00250-00149982-00150427": "to this let us see whether it is true or", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00251-00150428-00150825": "not because that has been my whole claim", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00252-00150826-00151099": "that you take any other decision rule", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00253-00151100-00151349": "you calculate its misclassification", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00254-00151350-00151561": "probability that means class situation", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00255-00151562-00151808": "probability has to be greater than or", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00256-00151809-00151936": "equal to the MIS classification", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00257-00151937-00152200": "probability of Bayes decision rule now I", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00258-00152201-00152357": "claim that this is greater than or equal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00259-00152358-00152611": "to this let us see whether it is true or", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00260-00152612-00152833": "not", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00261-00152834-00153410": "0.02 plus 0.3 P is greater than or equal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00262-00153411-00153851": "to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00263-00153852-00154229": "this is true if and only if", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00264-00154230-00154735": "well this too on this side point 0 4 +", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00265-00154736-00155040": "0.6 P is greater than or equal to this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00266-00155041-00155575": "is P - P Square right this is if annual", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00267-00155576-00155881": "leaf bring this thing on this side this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00268-00155882-00156516": "is P Square plus P becomes minus P minus", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00269-00156517-00157113": "P plus 0.6 P this is minus 0.4 P right", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00270-00157114-00157624": "and this is plus point zero four this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00271-00157625-00157822": "must be greater than or equal to zero is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00272-00157823-00158224": "this greater than or equal to zero is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00273-00158225-00158449": "this greater than or equal to zero yes", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00274-00158450-00160864": "or no yes why", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00275-00160865-00161533": "you take any any decision rule take any", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00276-00161534-00161983": "damn decision rule find its miss", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00277-00161984-00162265": "classification probability that will be", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00278-00162266-00162469": "greater than or equal to the Miss", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00279-00162470-00162751": "classification probability of Bayes", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00280-00162752-00163537": "decision rule this is true this is true", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00281-00163538-00164158": "I have just taken one rule you take any", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00282-00164159-00164380": "decision rule I mean it just does not", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00283-00164381-00164545": "matter what your decision rule will be", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00284-00164546-00164851": "it just does not matter you will be able", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00285-00164852-00165304": "to show this thing you will be able to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00286-00165305-00165897": "show this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00287-00165898-00166257": "okay in fact in your homes you can try", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00288-00166258-00166937": "with other such omega1 omega2 you can", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00289-00166938-00167195": "try with other such omega1 and omega2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00290-00167196-00167933": "you will get some such thing and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00291-00167934-00168182": "sometimes you will get some such thing", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00292-00168183-00168606": "plus some positive quantity plus some", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00293-00168607-00168872": "positive quantity depends on what", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00294-00168873-00169187": "decision rule you have taken suppose you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00295-00169188-00169703": "take addition rule such as zero to one", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00296-00169704-00169997": "point one and one point seven to three", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00297-00169998-00170487": "class one the rest class - you can take", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00298-00170488-00170793": "that zero to one point one one point", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00299-00170794-00171099": "seven to two that is class - the rest is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00300-00171100-00171215": "I mean class one", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00301-00171216-00171435": "the rest is class two you can take even", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00302-00171436-00171633": "the opposite also zero to one point one", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00303-00171634-00171909": "and point seven to two that is for class", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00304-00171910-00172175": "two and the rest is class for that also", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00305-00172176-00172886": "you can take then also you will get a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00306-00172887-00173370": "square term always you are going to get", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00307-00173371-00173813": "a square term like this and plus some", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00308-00173814-00174095": "constant constant is a positive value", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00309-00174096-00174350": "this is something that you will find it", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00310-00174351-00174572": "for this example", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00311-00174573-00174887": "this is only true for this example with", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00312-00174888-00175119": "some other distributions you will get", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00313-00175120-00175400": "some other such things it is not always", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00314-00175401-00175635": "true that you will get his square times", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00315-00175636-00176274": "I guess okay it is not always true that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00316-00176275-00176666": "you will get a square term like this but", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00317-00176667-00176835": "you are in a position to show always", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00318-00176836-00177093": "that the probability of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00319-00177094-00177302": "misclassification for any other decision", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00320-00177303-00177522": "rule will be greater than or equal to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00321-00177523-00177969": "that of the base position you see we", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00322-00177970-00178518": "found the base error probability as P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00323-00178519-00179141": "times 1 minus P by 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00324-00179142-00180006": "what is the maximum value of this the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00325-00180007-00180351": "maximum value of this eath when capital", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00326-00180352-00180879": "P is equal to half right when capital P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00327-00180880-00181074": "is equal to half you will get the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00328-00181075-00181350": "maximum value and the maximum value is 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00329-00181351-00181788": "by 8 capital P is equal to 1/2 means", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00330-00181789-00182301": "what both the classes they have the same", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00331-00182302-00182649": "probability of occurence both the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00332-00182650-00182841": "classes they have the same probability", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00333-00182842-00183531": "of occurrence and the base decision rule", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00334-00183532-00184092": "says this is 1.5 that means you sort of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00335-00184093-00184617": "have the maximum uncertainty here if one", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00336-00184618-00184809": "class has more probability of occurrence", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00337-00184810-00185016": "then you can put more points in that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00338-00185017-00185448": "class you can put more points in that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00339-00185449-00185772": "class but if both the classes have the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00340-00185773-00185994": "same probability of occurence then you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00341-00185995-00186266": "have the sort of maximum uncertainty and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00342-00186267-00186573": "thats what is happening when capital P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00343-00186574-00186945": "is equal to half what is the minimum", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00344-00186946-00187629": "value of this minimum value is zero when", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00345-00187630-00187833": "capital P is equal to zero you will get", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00346-00187834-00188133": "zero when capital P is equal to 1 you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00347-00188134-00188469": "will get zero capital P is equal to 0", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00348-00188470-00188751": "means what capital P is equal to zero", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00349-00188752-00189024": "means your whole class is the second", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00350-00189025-00189438": "class the whole class is second class", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00351-00189439-00189651": "and then you look at your decision rule", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00352-00189652-00190035": "capital P is equal to 0 means 1 2 3 you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00353-00190036-00190271": "will be are going to pull it in class 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00354-00190272-00190725": "and capital P is equal to 1 means the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00355-00190726-00191052": "whole class is first class and 0 to 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00356-00191053-00191310": "you will put it in class 1 then look at", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00357-00191311-00191925": "your decision rule ok so this is this is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00358-00191926-00192150": "again true only for this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00359-00192151-00192438": "you have many other distributions you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00360-00192439-00192567": "are going to get different different", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00361-00192568-00192681": "formulas for different different", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00362-00192682-00192969": "distributions this distribution is known", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00363-00192970-00193341": "as triangular distribution because the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00364-00193342-00193743": "shape is a triangle okay shape is a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00365-00193744-00193959": "triangle so it is known as triangular", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00366-00193960-00194241": "distribution you might ask me why I have", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00367-00194242-00194460": "taken triangular distribution there are", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00368-00194461-00194586": "many other distributions you have a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00369-00194587-00194796": "normal distribution why did I take", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00370-00194797-00195180": "triangular distribution well number one", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00371-00195181-00195294": "I am going to deal with normal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00372-00195295-00195663": "distribution now and number two these", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00373-00195664-00195945": "distributions are easy to handle I can", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00374-00195946-00196227": "calculate all those integrals whereas", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00375-00196228-00196404": "normal distribution integrals they are", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00376-00196405-00196776": "slightly difficult to handle they are", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00377-00196777-00197067": "slightly difficult to handle so now my", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00378-00197068-00197262": "next example is basically normal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00379-00197263-00197553": "distribution example so this is the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00380-00197554-00198369": "example two this is the example two so", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00381-00198370-00198684": "let us say you have capital m number of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00382-00198685-00199449": "classes and each of them is multivariate", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00383-00199450-00199641": "normal okay", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00384-00199642-00199943": "each of them is multivariate normal and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00385-00199944-00200271": "the prior probabilities are P 1 P 2 up", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00386-00200272-00200823": "to P M the prior probabilities are P 1 P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00387-00200824-00201318": "2 up to P m and the density function is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00388-00201319-00201993": "1 over square root of 2 pi to the power", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00389-00201994-00202413": "n determinant of Sigma I to the power", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00390-00202414-00202907": "half exponential to the power minus half", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00391-00202908-00203571": "X minus mu i prime Sigma I inverse X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00392-00203572-00204884": "minus mu I this is I is equal to 1 to M", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00393-00204885-00205092": "Sigma AI is the variance covariance", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00394-00205094-00205402": "matrix of the multivariate normal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00395-00205403-00205723": "I asked multivariate normal mu I is the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00396-00205723-00206040": "mean vector of eyuth multivariate normal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00397-00206041-00206289": "and the capital PA is the corresponding", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00398-00206290-00206580": "prior probability of high thermal TV I", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00399-00206581-00207510": "am IH dense Earth class now here let us", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00400-00207511-00208188": "take a case the case is case one let us", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00401-00208189-00208713": "assume that P 1 is equal to P 2 is equal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00402-00208714-00209181": "to PM this is equal to 1 by M let us", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00403-00209182-00209406": "assume that all prior probabilities are", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00404-00209407-00209654": "equal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00405-00209655-00210112": "ok and let us also assume that Sigma 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00406-00210113-00210578": "is equal to Sigma 2 is equal to Sigma M", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00407-00210579-00211275": "this is identity matrix", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00408-00211276-00211655": "all prior probabilities are equal and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00409-00211656-00212014": "this is the identity matrix now let us", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00410-00212015-00212614": "see what exactly are we going to get we", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00411-00212615-00213192": "have to look at we will put put X in I", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00412-00213194-00214257": "at class if p i-- p i x is greater than", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00413-00214258-00214869": "or equal to pj pj x for all day naught", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00414-00214871-00215413": "is equal to i ok p IP i x greater than", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00415-00215414-00215676": "or equal to pj pj x for all J not is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00416-00215677-00216042": "equal to I then put X in eyath class now", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00417-00216042-00216482": "what does this going to give you here I", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00418-00216483-00217877": "will write here capital P I into", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00419-00217878-00218442": "determinant of Sigma I Sigma is identity", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00420-00218442-00218850": "matrix determinant is 1 the square root", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00421-00218851-00219350": "is also 1 so I am not going to write it", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00422-00219351-00219915": "ok exponential to the power minus half X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00423-00219916-00220421": "minus mu i prime then Sigma I inverse", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00424-00220421-00220761": "Sigma I is the identity matrix inverse", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00425-00220762-00221194": "is itself ok identity matrix only and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00426-00221196-00221385": "multiplication my identity matrix does", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00427-00221386-00221621": "not change anything so I am just going", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00428-00221623-00222494": "to write this ok this is greater than or", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00429-00222496-00224559": "equal to PJ", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00430-00224560-00225362": "for all day naught is equal to I you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00431-00225363-00225529": "might think that this is a very very", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00432-00225530-00225794": "complicated expression actually it is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00433-00225794-00226570": "not you will see it now this P I is same", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00434-00226571-00227296": "as this PJ we can cancel it this one", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00435-00227297-00227465": "over square root of 2 pi to the power of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00436-00227466-00227797": "M this is there on both sides we can", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00437-00227798-00228505": "cancel it now exponential to the power", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00438-00228506-00228685": "minus 1/2 greater than or equal to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00439-00228686-00228817": "exponential to the power minus half", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00440-00228819-00229177": "means if you apply logarithm on both", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00441-00229178-00231807": "sides this is same as minus half", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00442-00231808-00231975": "am i right", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00443-00231976-00232150": "logarithm is an increasing", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00444-00232151-00232453": "transformation and I can always apply", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00445-00232454-00232667": "logarithm that is same as removing the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00446-00232667-00232967": "exponential term because I have", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00447-00232967-00233213": "cancelled this and this so I can remove", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00448-00233214-00233404": "the exponential disturb also it is going", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00449-00233405-00233765": "to look like this okay then I will", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00450-00233766-00234802": "cancel this too", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00451-00234803-00235630": "so what is this X minus mu J prime X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00452-00235631-00237165": "minus mu J is greater than or equal to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00453-00237166-00237471": "you put extra night class if P IP is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00454-00237473-00237661": "greater than or equal to pj pj x and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00455-00237662-00237913": "that is same as put x and i at the class", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00456-00237914-00238402": "if X minus mu i prime X minus mu I is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00457-00238403-00238594": "less than or equal to X minus mu a times", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00458-00238594-00238831": "X minus mu J for all J naught is equal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00459-00238832-00239500": "to I what is the meaning of this isn't", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00460-00239501-00239833": "it the case that we are calculating the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00461-00239834-00240505": "distance between X and mu I and mu is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00462-00240506-00240925": "the mean so you will put X Inayat class", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00463-00240926-00241198": "if the distance between X and the mean", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00464-00241198-00241456": "of the highest class is less than or", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00465-00241457-00241750": "equal to distance between X and mean of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00466-00241751-00242098": "all the other classes then you put X in", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00467-00242098-00242769": "Hiatt class there is a standard name for", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00468-00242771-00243069": "this classifier this classifier is known", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00469-00243071-00243589": "as minimum distance classifier you take", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00470-00243590-00243946": "X you have these many means calculate", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00471-00243946-00244219": "distance of X with all these means find", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00472-00244219-00244486": "wherever it is minimum put X in that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00473-00244487-00245094": "class and this is the derivation of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00474-00245094-00246009": "minimum distance classifier", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00475-00246010-00246996": "this classifier is known as minimum I", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00476-00246996-00247581": "think I will write in capital letters", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00477-00247582-00249091": "distance classifier", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00478-00249092-00249369": "this classifier is known as minimum", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00479-00249371-00249739": "distance classifier this is one of the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00480-00249740-00250012": "standard classifiers that you would see", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00481-00250013-00250414": "in any any pattern recognition book in", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00482-00250415-00250675": "fact many pattern recognition books they", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00483-00250676-00250852": "start the classification with this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00484-00250853-00251244": "classifier you find the mean and then", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00485-00251246-00251437": "you see where put it to the class where", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00486-00251438-00251563": "the mean is where the distance is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00487-00251564-00251946": "minimum many old pattern recognition", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00488-00251948-00252300": "books they start with this classifier", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00489-00252301-00252577": "you might be wondering or maybe you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00490-00252578-00252817": "might have thought what is the proof of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00491-00252817-00253167": "this I mean how is it coming this is the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00492-00253169-00253305": "way it is coming here", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00493-00253306-00253690": "note that this classifier is one of the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00494-00253691-00253867": "widely used classifiers in pattern", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00495-00253867-00254244": "recognition and this is the best", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00496-00254246-00254866": "classifier under these assumptions this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00497-00254867-00255037": "is the best classifier under these", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00498-00255038-00255298": "assumptions all the prior probabilities", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00499-00255298-00255810": "are equal and we are assuming that the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00500-00255811-00256114": "distributions are all normal there is a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00501-00256115-00256329": "second assumption and under that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00502-00256330-00256552": "assumption we are assuming that all the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00503-00256553-00256777": "covariance matrices they are equal to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00504-00256778-00257203": "the identity matrix then this classifier", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00505-00257204-00257448": "is the best classifier look at the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00506-00257450-00257654": "number of assumptions that we have made", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00507-00257655-00257805": "number one", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00508-00257806-00257982": "the distribution assumption normal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00509-00257983-00258198": "distribution number two the prior", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00510-00258200-00258421": "probability is being same and number", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00511-00258421-00258642": "three all the covariance matrices are", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00512-00258644-00258942": "equal not only equal equal to the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00513-00258944-00259296": "identity matrix not only they are equal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00514-00259298-00259679": "equal to the identity matrix this is a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00515-00259680-00260007": "washed range of assumptions and a vast", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00516-00260008-00260382": "range of constraints under that this is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00517-00260383-00260716": "the best classifier and in fact many", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00518-00260717-00261037": "times we use this classifier without", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00519-00261038-00261262": "really knowing probably all these", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00520-00261263-00261571": "details without really knowing probably", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00521-00261571-00261896": "all these details we use this classifier", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00522-00261898-00262138": "now you might be having a very valid", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00523-00262139-00262531": "question the question is how do we know", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00524-00262532-00262849": "that that the data that is given to us", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00525-00262850-00263209": "it follows normal distribution that is a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00526-00263210-00263492": "very basic question how do we know that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00527-00263493-00263765": "the data that is given to us is normal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00528-00263766-00264212": "distribution number one number two if we", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00529-00264213-00264381": "know that that is normal distribution", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00530-00264382-00264743": "how do we get to know the mean of the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00531-00264744-00264985": "distribution and the variance covariance", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00532-00264986-00265795": "matrix that is the second one now these", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00533-00265796-00266066": "are these questions I will try to answer", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00534-00266067-00266551": "them partially I will try to answer them", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00535-00266552-00267119": "partially why only a partial answer the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00536-00267120-00267457": "reason is that we are given a data set", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00537-00267458-00267723": "which has finitely many quantities", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00538-00267724-00268064": "finitely many I should say observations", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00539-00268065-00268313": "on the basis of these finitely many", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00540-00268314-00268681": "observations in general it is very", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00541-00268682-00268954": "difficult for you to say whether the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00542-00268955-00269671": "distribution is normal or not here let", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00543-00269672-00270031": "me mention a few things to you one of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00544-00270032-00270376": "the things that any statistician when he", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00545-00270377-00270610": "is doing his second year or third year", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00546-00270611-00270880": "of statistics what he would do is what", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00547-00270881-00271077": "he would learn is what is known as", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00548-00271078-00271432": "fitting a distribution given a data set", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00549-00271433-00271640": "how do you fit let us just a binomial", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00550-00271641-00272005": "distribution poisson distribution normal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00551-00272006-00272323": "distribution and you have many other", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00552-00272324-00272564": "distributions like chi-square", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00553-00272565-00272833": "distribution F distribution P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00554-00272834-00272971": "distribution there is a beta", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00555-00272972-00273121": "distribution they have any number of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00556-00273122-00273467": "distributions there is a Cauchy", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00557-00273468-00274120": "distribution now he fits and then he", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00558-00274121-00274393": "calculates some value which that is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00559-00274394-00274648": "known as chi-square value if the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00560-00274649-00274870": "observed chi-square is less than the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00561-00274871-00275042": "chi-square tabulated value of the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00562-00275043-00275293": "chi-square then we would say that the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00563-00275294-00275719": "data is fitting the distribution this is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00564-00275720-00275855": "one thing that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00565-00275856-00276188": "any statistician would do that was", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00566-00276189-00276563": "taught in his second year sometimes new", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00567-00276564-00276785": "first year of statistics course back in", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00568-00276786-00277304": "this course there the main assumption is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00569-00277305-00277538": "that I said that they calculate a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00570-00277539-00277880": "chi-square value that chi-square value", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00571-00277881-00278363": "is coming under a an assumption of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00572-00278364-00278714": "multi-way multinomial distribution going", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00573-00278715-00279194": "to some chi-square distribution there is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00574-00279195-00279326": "something called a multinomial", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00575-00279327-00279512": "distribution going to a chi-square", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00576-00279513-00279830": "distribution that is one and the test", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00577-00279831-00280268": "that is developed there that is known as", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00578-00280269-00280765": "an approximate test not an exact test", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00579-00280766-00281105": "exact test means the distributions are", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00580-00281106-00281450": "exactly known approximate test means the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00581-00281451-00281759": "distributions are approximated as the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00582-00281760-00281945": "number of observations goes to infinity", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00583-00281946-00282272": "then it follows some distribution that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00584-00282273-00282491": "is distributions are approximated that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00585-00282492-00282734": "is approximate test exact test means the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00586-00282735-00283046": "distributions are exactly known so that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00587-00283047-00283469": "chi-square fit that one does it that is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00588-00283470-00283760": "an approximate test that the student is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00589-00283761-00284303": "doing so if let us just say some", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00590-00284304-00284662": "distribution X is fitting one data set", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00591-00284663-00285104": "now it does not mean that some other", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00592-00285105-00285398": "distribution Y does not fit to the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00593-00285399-00285659": "desktop data set have you understood", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00594-00285660-00286055": "this point suppose one distribution X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00595-00286056-00286313": "fits clear data set it does not mean", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00596-00286314-00286556": "that some other distribution Y cannot", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00597-00286557-00286991": "fit to the data set so this actually", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00598-00286992-00287341": "says that when you have finitely many", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00599-00287342-00287654": "observations given to you it may be", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00600-00287655-00287828": "possible for you to fit more than one", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00601-00287829-00288359": "distribution it may be possible for you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00602-00288360-00288614": "to fit more than one distribution then", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00603-00288615-00288791": "the distribution that you are fitting it", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00604-00288792-00289109": "may not be unique some other person may", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00605-00289110-00289155": "come", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00606-00289156-00289392": "and then may fit may be able to fit some", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00607-00289393-00289602": "other distribution properly to the same", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00608-00289603-00290187": "data set so this is the first thing that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00609-00290188-00290394": "people learn about finding the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00610-00290395-00290742": "distributions of given set of point now", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00611-00290743-00290859": "there is something slightly more", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00612-00290860-00291393": "advanced that is there is something", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00613-00291394-00291723": "called estimation of probability density", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00614-00291724-00292263": "functions given a data set you would", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00615-00292264-00292518": "like to estimate the corresponding", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00616-00292519-00292794": "probability density function now what is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00617-00292795-00293010": "the meaning of estimating a density", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00618-00293011-00293358": "function a curve like this what is the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00619-00293359-00293697": "meaning of estimating a curve that needs", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00620-00293698-00294015": "to be properly defined but before going", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00621-00294016-00294339": "into all those definitions first we need", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00622-00294340-00294738": "to know how to estimate a point say we", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00623-00294739-00294887": "assume that the distribution is normal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00624-00294888-00295125": "then we have to estimate the mean of the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00625-00295126-00295397": "distribution mean is just a single point", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00626-00295398-00295817": "then how do you estimate that point", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00627-00295818-00296160": "variance covariance matrix they are also", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00628-00296161-00296394": "these are finitely many quantities how", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00629-00296395-00296661": "do you estimate these things first we", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00630-00296662-00296925": "need to know this given the distribution", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00631-00296926-00297126": "given the type of distribution say", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00632-00297127-00297417": "normal how do you estimate the mean and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00633-00297418-00297752": "how do we estimate the covariance matrix", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00634-00297753-00298082": "that is here we are estimating points", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00635-00298083-00298569": "then a slightly more advanced one is how", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00636-00298570-00298764": "do you estimate the density function", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00637-00298765-00299397": "directly from the given data set", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00638-00299398-00299901": "now about this density estimation if you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00639-00299902-00300215": "look at pattern recognition textbooks", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00640-00300216-00300498": "you would find in a book like folk", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00641-00300499-00300705": "analogous book you would find one", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00642-00300706-00301218": "chapter devoted to this there are I'm", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00643-00301219-00301533": "one of the first papers it was by parson", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00644-00301534-00301947": "in 1990 1960 parson windows way of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00645-00301948-00302315": "estimating density function initially", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00646-00302316-00302649": "people would have taken the histogram as", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00647-00302650-00303048": "an estimate of the density I hope all of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00648-00303049-00303207": "you know the meaning of the word is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00649-00303208-00303492": "program many of you have background in", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00650-00303493-00303672": "image processing so one of the first", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00651-00303673-00303777": "thing that you would have done is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00652-00303778-00304176": "finding the histogram of your images the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00653-00304177-00304482": "histogram is one of the first estimates", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00654-00304483-00304692": "that people have used but then a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00655-00304693-00305004": "slightly more advanced one is the method", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00656-00305005-00305369": "given by parson there he called and that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00657-00305370-00305712": "nowadays it is known as Parsons density", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00658-00305713-00306342": "estimated that was in 1960 after 1960 we", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00659-00306343-00306878": "are in 2010 fifty years have passed", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00660-00306879-00307299": "there are now even many books which are", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00661-00307300-00307590": "actually dealing with estimation of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00662-00307591-00308184": "functions there are many textbooks which", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00663-00308185-00308549": "are dealing with estimation of functions", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00664-00308550-00308904": "one of the books is written by one of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00665-00308905-00309189": "the ex directors of is a my organization", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00666-00309190-00309605": "and BLS Prakash Rao he wrote a book on", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00667-00309606-00309993": "nonparametric function estimation you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00668-00309994-00310290": "can find it on internet so there are", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00669-00310291-00310548": "even many books which have come out on", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00670-00310549-00310959": "estimating density functions but there", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00671-00310960-00311541": "is a small but the body is that there", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00672-00311542-00311759": "are many methods of estimating densities", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00673-00311760-00311991": "then you have the next question which", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00674-00311992-00312437": "method is better", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00675-00312438-00312662": "there are no good answers to these", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00676-00312663-00313121": "questions there are no good answers to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00677-00313122-00313602": "these questions still lot of work is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00678-00313603-00313984": "needed to be done one needs to do lot of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00679-00313985-00314326": "work to find out which method of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00680-00314327-00314605": "estimation may be better to some extent", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00681-00314606-00314806": "sometimes you can say but then", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00682-00314807-00314966": "ultimately you one would like to ask", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00683-00314967-00315143": "well what is the best estimator of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00684-00315144-00315392": "density function well for that at least", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00685-00315393-00315781": "I don't know let me guess my inability I", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00686-00315782-00315971": "don't know the best estimate round", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00687-00315972-00316667": "density function okay so that's why my", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00688-00316668-00316852": "answer to the estimating density", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00689-00316853-00317077": "functions are finding density functions", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00690-00317078-00317546": "that is only partial my answer is only", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00691-00317547-00318020": "partial then this comes to a very I", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00692-00318021-00318457": "should say grave question if we don't", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00693-00318458-00318856": "know the density functions then how do", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00694-00318857-00319190": "we apply this rule this is the best rule", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00695-00319191-00319397": "in the sense that it minimizes the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00696-00319398-00319673": "probability of misclassification and the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00697-00319674-00319879": "next question is how do we apply this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00698-00319880-00320050": "rule if we don't know the density of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00699-00320051-00320524": "functions well the answer is plain and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00700-00320525-00320846": "simple you estimate the density function", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00701-00320847-00321119": "or you assume some functional form if", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00702-00321120-00321304": "you think that it is following normal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00703-00321305-00321491": "distribution or some other distribution", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00704-00321492-00321748": "you assume a functional form and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00705-00321749-00322284": "estimate the parameters and use it but", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00706-00322285-00322507": "there if you don't know the functional", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00707-00322508-00322702": "form and if you don't want to do these", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00708-00322703-00323141": "things then the answer is no we don't", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00709-00323142-00323588": "have any way of applying this rule to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00710-00323589-00324199": "any data set if we don't know the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00711-00324200-00324433": "density functions if we don't know the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00712-00324434-00324949": "prior probabilities and you don't have", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00713-00324950-00325220": "any way of getting good estimates of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00714-00325221-00325555": "this thing then it is X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00715-00325556-00325726": "really difficult for you to apply this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00716-00325727-00326269": "rule please that means one can make two", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00717-00326270-00326540": "types of mistakes one is that you can", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00718-00326541-00326899": "choose a slightly wrong function because", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00719-00326900-00327073": "the data could be actually you know you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00720-00327074-00327188": "don't know which is the best function", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00721-00327189-00327397": "you are choosing one number one number", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00722-00327398-00327590": "two is that the estimation of the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00723-00327591-00327743": "parameters itself there is a method", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00724-00327744-00327922": "yecchh could give you an approximate", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00725-00327923-00328112": "solution that I will discuss at least a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00726-00328113-00328514": "few of the things such errors are", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00727-00328515-00328726": "approximations one can do in this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00728-00328727-00328894": "process you can has the history actor is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00729-00328895-00329677": "that is that one yes so then then the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00730-00329678-00329982": "very then the very next question is if", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00731-00329983-00330247": "this is actually like this then why am i", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00732-00330248-00330610": "teaching this thing that for that fun", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00733-00330611-00330856": "the answer is very simple the answer is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00734-00330857-00331372": "that this is the best rule if you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00735-00331373-00331723": "develop a new classifier you can find", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00736-00331724-00332104": "its performance by comparing your", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00737-00332105-00332473": "classifier with Bayes decision rule how", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00738-00332474-00332618": "do you compare your classifier with", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00739-00332619-00333016": "Bayes decision rule you generate points", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00740-00333017-00333285": "artificially from known distributions", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00741-00333286-00333645": "then you can apply Bayes decision rule", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00742-00333646-00333922": "generate points artificially from known", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00743-00333923-00334147": "distributions then you can apply Bayes", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00744-00334148-00334384": "decision rule and you apply your", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00745-00334385-00334573": "classifier the classifier that you have", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00746-00334574-00335131": "developed and check the probability of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00747-00335132-00335343": "misclassification of your classifier and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00748-00335344-00335632": "see whether it is very close to the base", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00749-00335633-00335809": "decision based class-based error", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00750-00335810-00336052": "probability or not if it is very close", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00751-00336053-00336298": "then you can say that at least in these", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00752-00336299-00336617": "cases my classifier performance is close", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00753-00336618-00336863": "to the Bayes classifier this is what you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00754-00336864-00337291": "can tell the reviewer of your paper", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00755-00337292-00337843": "right that is right this is the very", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00756-00337844-00338087": "first and this is the starting point of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00757-00338088-00338344": "actually all pattern recognition based", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00758-00338345-00338524": "decision rule is the starting point of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00759-00338525-00338779": "all pattern recognition because number", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00760-00338780-00338903": "one this is the best rule", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00761-00338904-00339116": "and number two unfortunately you cannot", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00762-00339117-00339422": "implement it for most of the times so", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00763-00339423-00339593": "you need to develop your own classifiers", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00764-00339594-00339851": "that is why there are simply too many", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00765-00339852-00340292": "classifiers existing now you have you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00766-00340293-00340563": "are talking about SVM SVM's are the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00767-00340564-00340796": "latest things slightly before that you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00768-00340797-00341054": "have multi-layer perceptron which many", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00769-00341055-00341504": "people use which many people use for", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00770-00341505-00341813": "classification there is a K nearest", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00771-00341814-00342074": "neighbor classifier which professors you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00772-00342075-00342304": "can do those bility to you in the class", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00773-00342305-00342689": "okay so and you have like this there are", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00774-00342690-00343151": "very many classifiers each one of them", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00775-00343152-00343574": "has some relationship with Bayes", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00776-00343575-00344063": "classifier each of them has some", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00777-00344064-00344366": "relationship with Bayes classifier for", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00778-00344367-00344621": "example multi-layer perceptron which is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00779-00344622-00344788": "anyway going to be taught in the class", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00780-00344789-00344906": "okay", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00781-00344907-00345290": "there is a particular theorem", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00782-00345291-00345620": "it was the paper was published around", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00783-00345621-00345827": "six seven years ago I don't remember the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00784-00345828-00346133": "exact reference there he proved the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00785-00346134-00346481": "authors proved that there exists an", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00786-00346482-00346808": "architecture of multivariate measure of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00787-00346809-00347123": "multi-layer perceptron for which the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00788-00347124-00347348": "error problem he only talked about", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00789-00347349-00347615": "existence of an architecture he never", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00790-00347616-00347873": "told how to get the architecture so that", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00791-00347874-00348257": "for that architecture if you apply the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00792-00348258-00348593": "mult MLP then the error rate is very", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00793-00348594-00348851": "close to base station base error rate", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00794-00348852-00349496": "that theorem was proved by I mean one of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00795-00349497-00349712": "the authors I don't remember the exact", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00796-00349713-00350015": "reference that is why multi-layer", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00797-00350016-00350353": "perceptron is actually working well", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00798-00350354-00350845": "otherwise I mean you really don't know", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00799-00350846-00351131": "so there are always some relationships", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00800-00351132-00351494": "between the standard classifier and base", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00801-00351495-00351728": "classifier why many people are using", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00802-00351729-00351926": "minimum distance classifier because at", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00803-00351927-00352310": "least in some situations it works well", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00804-00352311-00352554": "Here I am telling you the positive point", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00805-00352555-00352747": "earlier I mentioned that it has all", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00806-00352748-00352987": "these constraints but people are using", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00807-00352988-00353151": "it because at least in some situations", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00808-00353152-00353695": "they got good results okay at least in", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00809-00353696-00353853": "some situations they got good result", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00810-00353854-00354128": "that's why they are applying this thing", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00811-00354129-00354384": "kanan rule why people are applying it", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00812-00354385-00354549": "because at least in some situations they", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00813-00354550-00355353": "got good results so these are basically", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00814-00355354-00355577": "the problems with Bayes classifier", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00815-00355578-00355870": "basically the problem is lying bit with", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00816-00355871-00356188": "density functions and there is also", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00817-00356189-00359300": "another problem that problem is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00818-00359301-00359801": "this is the error expression this is the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00819-00359802-00360029": "expression for the error probability of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00820-00360030-00360312": "Bayes decision rule I should write here", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00821-00360313-00361241": "oh oh is for optimal i0 and there is a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00822-00361242-00361829": "compliment if you apply Bayes decision", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00823-00361830-00362063": "rule then the probability of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00824-00362064-00362426": "misclassification is if you have capital", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00825-00362427-00362690": "m number of classes capital P I is the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00826-00362691-00362815": "prior probability of the eighth class", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00827-00362816-00363092": "small P I is the density function of the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00828-00363093-00363237": "eighth class conditional probability", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00829-00363238-00363356": "density function of the eighth class", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00830-00363357-00363938": "Omega I 0 is the optimal that set for", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00831-00363939-00364154": "the earth class and compliment C is the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00832-00364155-00364589": "complement you need to find this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00833-00364590-00365203": "integral to get a value for the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00834-00365204-00365666": "probability of misclassification this is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00835-00365667-00366368": "an extremely complicated one this is an", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00836-00366369-00366698": "extremely complicated one even for the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00837-00366699-00367031": "case of normal distribution with unequal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00838-00367032-00367437": "covariance matrices it is difficult to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00839-00367438-00367840": "find it", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00840-00367841-00368390": "unequal with equal you can find it with", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00841-00368391-00368681": "equal you can find it with unequal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00842-00368682-00368924": "covariance matrices it is difficult to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00843-00368925-00369746": "find it so Bayes classifier is good but", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00844-00369747-00369968": "the basic drawbacks of the Bayes", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00845-00369969-00370306": "classifier are number one knowing the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00846-00370307-00370514": "prior probabilities and density", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00847-00370515-00370808": "functions and number two is even if you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00848-00370809-00371138": "know it is difficult to calculate this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00849-00371139-00371675": "integral the shapes of these sets they", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00850-00371676-00372056": "might be very horrible shapes I mean you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00851-00372057-00372503": "might be having I mean depending on how", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00852-00372504-00372663": "it may look like", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00853-00372664-00373122": "this may be vision for one class okay", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00854-00373123-00373320": "and you might be having some other", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00855-00373321-00373521": "things for another class like this and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00856-00373522-00373683": "let us just say you have three classes", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00857-00373684-00373950": "and the third class maybe there's", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00858-00373951-00374415": "something like this then how do you do", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00859-00374416-00374667": "the integration if you have very", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00860-00374668-00374994": "complicated regions then it is difficult", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00861-00374995-00375663": "for you to do the integration that is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00862-00375664-00375993": "one of the reasons why even the Bayes", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00863-00375994-00376166": "classifier is the best classifier", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00864-00376167-00376506": "because of all these reasons people have", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00865-00376507-00376866": "to go in for some other classifiers so", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00866-00376867-00377223": "that they can somehow approximate there", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00867-00377224-00377502": "and they can somehow approximately say", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00868-00377503-00377789": "that they'll develop the classifier ease", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00869-00377790-00378006": "the performance of their direct", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00870-00378007-00378345": "classifier is close to the performance", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00871-00378346-00378561": "of the Bayes classifier this is the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00872-00378562-00378810": "reason for developing all new", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00873-00378811-00379496": "classifiers so we dealt with case one in", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00874-00379497-00379785": "example two we dealt with case one now", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00875-00379786-00380106": "we will deal with clay case to here here", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00876-00380107-00380478": "instead of M classes any general M I", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00877-00380479-00380913": "will take just two classes I will take", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00878-00380914-00381237": "just two classes and the P IX is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00879-00381238-00381531": "multivariate normal but here I will make", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00880-00381532-00382251": "an assumption the assumption is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00881-00382252-00382638": "the assumption is I am going to assume", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00882-00382639-00383094": "that Sigma 1 and Sigma 2 is equal to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00883-00383095-00383445": "Sigma I am going to assume that the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00884-00383446-00383628": "variance covariance matrices are same", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00885-00383629-00384058": "and I am only in the two class problem", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00886-00384059-00384273": "and I am going to assume that variance", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00887-00384274-00384594": "covariance matrices are same now let us", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00888-00384595-00384833": "see what is going to happen to the basis", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00889-00384834-00385467": "chain rule again so this is P 1 P 1 X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00890-00385468-00385716": "you only have two classes is greater", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00891-00385717-00386190": "than or equal to P 2 P 2 X this is if", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00892-00386191-00386790": "and only if there is P 1 this is 1 over", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00893-00386791-00387062": "square root of 2 pi to the power n", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00894-00387063-00387508": "determinant of Sigma to the power half", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00895-00387509-00387873": "exponential to the power minus half X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00896-00387874-00388413": "minus mu 1 prime Sigma inverse X minus", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00897-00388414-00390256": "mu 1 greater than or equal to P 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00898-00390257-00390670": "this is X minus mu 2 prime Sigma inverse", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00899-00390671-00391437": "X minus mu 2 you will understand why", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00900-00391438-00391685": "this assumption is made you see you can", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00901-00391686-00392037": "cancel out this and this and you can", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00902-00392038-00392241": "also cancel out determinant of Sigma to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00903-00392242-00392819": "the power half now let us apply", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00904-00392820-00393117": "logarithms on both sides so what is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00905-00393118-00393497": "going to happen this is a log P 1 log", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00906-00393498-00393802": "means to the base e natural logarithm", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00907-00393803-00394160": "log P 1 and if you apply a logarithm", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00908-00394161-00394403": "here exponential goes out this will be", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00909-00394404-00397174": "minus", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00910-00397175-00397652": "okay minus half X minus P 1 prime Sigma", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00911-00397653-00397880": "inverse X minus mu 1 is greater than or", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00912-00397881-00398156": "equal to log P 2 minus half X minus mu 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00913-00398157-00398518": "prime Sigma inverse X minus mu 2 now I", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00914-00398519-00399107": "will actually do this multiplication log", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00915-00399108-00400202": "P 1 minus half this will be X prime X X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00916-00400203-00400835": "prime Sigma inverse X minus X prime", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00917-00400836-00401590": "Sigma inverse mu 1 minus mu 1 prime", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00918-00401591-00402179": "Sigma inverse X plus mu 1 prime Sigma", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00919-00402180-00402916": "inverse mu 1 is greater than or equal to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00920-00402917-00403673": "log P 2 minus 1/2 X prime Sigma inverse", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00921-00403674-00404315": "X minus X prime Sigma inverse mu 2 minus", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00922-00404316-00404999": "mu 2 prime Sigma inverse X plus mu 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00923-00405000-00405950": "prime Sigma inverse mu 2 this is looking", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00924-00405951-00406241": "slightly complicated but you will see", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00925-00406242-00406388": "that it is going to be reduced to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00926-00406389-00406727": "something slightly simpler look at this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00927-00406728-00407033": "X prime Sigma inverse X this is minus", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00928-00407034-00407210": "1/2 X prime Sigma inverse X you will", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00929-00407211-00407483": "find here and the same quantity you will", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00930-00407484-00408190": "find here so I can cancel it out", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00931-00408191-00409525": "okay now let us see log p1 minus half x", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00932-00409526-00410289": "prime Sigma inverse mu 1 X is n by n", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00933-00410291-00410893": "rows and 1 column X prime is 1 by n", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00934-00410893-00411522": "vector Sigma inverse is n by n mu 1 is n", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00935-00411523-00411993": "by 1 so this whole thing is 1 by 1 so it", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00936-00411994-00412205": "is a scalar", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00937-00412206-00412480": "what is the mu 1 prime Sigma inverse X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00938-00412481-00412813": "that is also a scalar I claim that these", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00939-00412814-00413376": "two quantities are same because what is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00940-00413377-00413634": "the transpose of this the transpose of", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00941-00413635-00414132": "this is this and this is a scalar this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00942-00414133-00414520": "is a scalar the transposes are same so", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00943-00414521-00414828": "this quantity is same as this quantity", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00944-00414829-00415155": "similarly here this quantity is same as", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00945-00415156-00416101": "this quantity is it clear to you so then", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00946-00416102-00416349": "what is going to happen here this is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00947-00416350-00416993": "minus 2 X prime Sigma inverse mu 1 plus", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00948-00416994-00417568": "mu 1 prime Sigma inverse mu 1 is greater", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00949-00417568-00418138": "than or equal to log P 2 yeah there is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00950-00418139-00418387": "an if and only if I need to write if and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00951-00418388-00418659": "only if here I need to write different", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00952-00418660-00418884": "only if here I need to write if and only", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00953-00418885-00419629": "if here so log P 2 minus 1/2 this is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00954-00419630-00420195": "minus 2 X prime Sigma inverse mu 2 plus", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00955-00420196-00420910": "mu 2 prime Sigma inverse mu 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00956-00420912-00421584": "okay now what I will do is that I will", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00957-00421585-00421791": "take all these terms on this side and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00958-00421792-00422243": "the log p2 on this side so if I bring", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00959-00422245-00422463": "log p2 on this side he is just going to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00960-00422464-00422793": "be log p1 minus log p2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00961-00422793-00423363": "can I just write log of p1 by p2 this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00962-00423364-00423549": "lock PT when I am bringing it on this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00963-00423550-00423807": "side this is locked p1 minus log p2 I am", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00964-00423808-00424085": "just writing log of P 1 by P 2 this is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00965-00424087-00424353": "greater than or equal to this minus half", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00966-00424354-00424578": "it is going that side so it will become", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00967-00424579-00425512": "plus half", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00968-00425513-00426031": "so this will be 2x prime Sigma inverse", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00969-00426032-00426760": "mu 2 minus mu 1 this minus 1/2 is going", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00970-00426761-00427060": "this side that will become plus 1/2 ok", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00971-00427061-00427222": "but this negative sign is going to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00972-00427223-00427520": "remain so here you have X prime Sigma", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00973-00427521-00427784": "inverse mu 2 here you have X prime Sigma", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00974-00427785-00428030": "inverse mu 1 there is a negative sign so", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00975-00428031-00428500": "X prime Sigma inverse mu 2 minus mu 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00976-00428501-00428828": "now let me this term also it should be", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00977-00428829-00431252": "written on this side that will be", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00978-00431253-00431702": "okay in many books what you are going to", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00979-00431703-00432554": "find is people take this to also inside", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00980-00432555-00432884": "then what you are going to get is X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00981-00432885-00433366": "prime Sigma inverse mu 2 minus mu 1 plus", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00982-00433367-00433802": "this is mu 1 prime Sigma inverse mu 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00983-00433803-00434200": "minus mu 2 prime Sigma inverse mu 2 is", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00984-00434201-00434693": "whole thing divided by 2 this is what", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00985-00434693-00435305": "you will find in many books now why did", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00986-00435306-00435662": "I do all these calculations I will tell", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00987-00435663-00436003": "you the reason for doing it", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00988-00436004-00436406": "if you look at these expressions you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00989-00436407-00436684": "will think that X prime Sigma inverse X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00990-00436685-00437231": "it is quadratic in X you would assume", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00991-00437232-00437539": "that the decision boundary would be", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00992-00437541-00438167": "quadratic in X quadratic in X I hope you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00993-00438168-00438512": "are understanding the meaning the", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00994-00438513-00438716": "decision boundary would be quadratic in", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00995-00438717-00438935": "X if you have something like X prime", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00996-00438935-00439205": "Sigma inverse X if that term is there", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00997-00439206-00439447": "then there is a square time is at some", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00998-00439449-00439703": "point X prime is X 1 up to up to X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-00999-00439704-00439913": "capital n there is a Sigma inverse there", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01000-00439914-00440201": "is again X 1 to X X capital n so you are", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01001-00440202-00440408": "going to get at some point of time X 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01002-00440409-00440710": "square at some other point of time X 2", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01003-00440712-00441095": "square and at some other point of time", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01004-00441096-00441385": "probably X 1 into X 2 so these are all", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01005-00441387-00441833": "quadratic terms but because of this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01006-00441834-00442143": "assumption the quadratic term is gone", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01007-00442145-00442642": "this is a constant this is a constant", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01008-00442643-00443351": "note that mu 1 mu 1 Sigma mu 2 they are", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01009-00443352-00443672": "all known to us so this is a constant P", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01010-00443672-00443906": "1 P 2 they are known to us this is a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01011-00443907-00444214": "constant mu 2 minus mu 1 this is a", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01012-00444216-00444452": "constant Sigma inverse is a constant", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01013-00444453-00444558": "what", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01014-00444559-00445314": "have a something linear in X what you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01015-00445314-00445899": "have is something linear in X basically", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01016-00445900-00446226": "what you are going to get here is what", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01017-00446227-00446762": "is known as linear discriminant function", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01018-00446763-00447433": "this is a linear discriminant function", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01019-00447434-00448014": "if your distributions are normal and you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01020-00448014-00448260": "have two classes and if the covariance", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01021-00448260-00448518": "matrixes are same then the decision", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01022-00448518-00448697": "boundary between the classes will", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01023-00448698-00449355": "necessarily be linear if the covariance", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01024-00449356-00449750": "matrices are not same then you would get", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01025-00449751-00450087": "nonlinear decision boundaries because", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01026-00450088-00450662": "you are going to get X prime Sigma 1", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01027-00450663-00450941": "inverse X here you are going to get X", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01028-00450942-00451254": "prime Sigma 2 inverse X which is going", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01029-00451255-00451860": "to be non linear in X here what you have", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01030-00451860-00452297": "got is something linear in X you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01031-00452298-00452560": "basically you have got a linear", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01032-00452561-00453210": "discriminant function in X so this", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01033-00453210-00453557": "discriminant function is known as", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01034-00453558-00454187": "discriminant the word discriminant it", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01035-00454188-00454575": "came from discrimination you are going", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01036-00454576-00454937": "to discriminate between two classes from", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01037-00454938-00455283": "the word discrimination discriminant it", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01038-00455284-00455579": "has come so since the function is linear", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01039-00455580-00455795": "then this is a linear discriminant", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01040-00455796-00456364": "function this discriminant function", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01041-00456365-00456871": "between classes", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01042-00456872-00458189": "is linear", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01043-00458191-00458685": "this is linear so if you have two normal", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01044-00458685-00458918": "distributions covariance matrices are", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01045-00458920-00459218": "same you will get linear if you have", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01046-00459220-00459453": "three normal distributions let us say", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01047-00459454-00459732": "covariance matrices are same then what", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01048-00459733-00460125": "are you going to get between one and two", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01049-00460126-00460338": "there is a linear function between two", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01050-00460339-00460482": "and three there is a again a linear", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01051-00460483-00460683": "function between one and three again", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01052-00460684-00461196": "there is a linear function right you are", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01053-00461197-00461546": "going to get piecewise linear decision", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01054-00461547-00462120": "boundaries one and two is linear two and", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01055-00462121-00462282": "three is linear one and three is also", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01056-00462283-00462531": "linear so you are going to get piecewise", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01057-00462532-00462827": "linear decision boundaries between", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01058-00462828-00463431": "classes okay so similarly I mean if you", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01059-00463432-00463587": "have M number of classes you are going", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01060-00463588-00463806": "to get those many such piecewise linear", "0GsuNtWVTEg-01061-00463807-00464253": "functions let us stop"}}, {"audio_id": "0GK9DfTmuN0", "text": {"0GK9DfTmuN0-00000-00000051-00000449": "Noah s Ark Hebrew type NH Biblical", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00001-00000450-00000736": "Hebrew Tibet Noah appears in the Genesis", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00002-00000737-00001018": "flood narrative Genesis chapters 6 to 9", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00003-00001019-00001268": "as the vessel in which God spares Noah", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00004-00001269-00001501": "his family and a remnant of all the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00005-00001502-00001825": "world s animals from a world engulfing", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00006-00001826-00002059": "flood the flood myth is common to many", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00007-00002060-00002222": "cultures around the world and the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00008-00002223-00002390": "biblical version appears to have its", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00009-00002391-00002606": "primary source in the Mesopotamian myth", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00010-00002607-00002756": "of Utnapishtim in the Epic of Gilgamesh", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00011-00002757-00003076": "the earliest known written flood myth as", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00012-00003077-00003256": "a Sumerian flood myth found in the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00013-00003257-00003467": "deluge tablet in which the hero is named", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00014-00003468-00003743": "Ziusudra the story in Genesis is", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00015-00003744-00003952": "repeated with variations in the Quran", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00016-00003953-00004133": "where the Ark appears Assaf in an AW", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00017-00004134-00004459": "arabic spin the nose boat", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00018-00004460-00004750": "searches for Noah s Ark have been made", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00019-00004751-00005159": "from at least the time of Eusebius C 275", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00020-00005160-00005521": "to 339 C II and believers in the myth", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00021-00005522-00005713": "continue to search for it in modern", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00022-00005714-00005993": "times many searches have been mounted", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00023-00005994-00006266": "for the ark but no confirmable physical", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00024-00006267-00006454": "proof of the ark has ever been found", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00025-00006455-00006680": "there is no scientific evidence that", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00026-00006681-00007037": "Noah s Ark existed as it is described in", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00027-00007038-00007220": "the Bible nor is there evidence in the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00028-00007220-00007433": "geologic record for the biblical global", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00029-00007434-00007764": "flood", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00030-00007765-00008276": "topic description", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00031-00008277-00008641": "topic", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00032-00008642-00009360": "topic Genesis chapter 6 verses 14 to 16", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00033-00009361-00009784": "topic Noah s instructions for the ark", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00034-00009785-00010030": "are described in Genesis chapter 6", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00035-00010031-00010408": "verses 14 to 16 it is to be three", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00036-00010409-00010687": "hundred cubits long 50 cubits wide and", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00037-00010688-00010920": "30 cubits high with three internal", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00038-00010921-00011139": "divisions which are not actually called", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00039-00011140-00011370": "decks although presumably this is what", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00040-00011371-00011602": "is intended a door in the side and a", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00041-00011603-00011833": "Sohar which may be either a roof or a", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00042-00011834-00012133": "skylight it is to be made of gopher wood", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00043-00012134-00012394": "a word which appears nowhere else in the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00044-00012395-00012627": "Bible and divided into kinam a word", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00045-00012628-00012960": "which always refers to birds nests", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00046-00012961-00013125": "elsewhere in the Bible leading some", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00047-00013126-00013319": "scholars to amend this to condom reads", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00048-00013320-00013581": "the finished vessel is to be smeared", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00049-00013582-00013788": "with copper in Hebrew the two words are", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00050-00013790-00014052": "closely related but Carta smeared", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00051-00014053-00014477": "back upper", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00052-00014478-00014972": "topic dimensions", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00053-00014974-00015294": "topic the dimensions of the arc are", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00054-00015294-00015537": "based on numerology the length 300", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00055-00015538-00015794": "cubits is 60 by 5 and the height 30", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00056-00015796-00016074": "cubits is 60 halves the same", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00057-00016075-00016272": "preoccupation with the number 60", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00058-00016272-00016434": "characterizes the vessel of the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00059-00016435-00016925": "Babylonian flood hero", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00060-00016926-00017383": "topic origins", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00061-00017384-00017752": "topic", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00062-00017753-00018330": "topic Mesopotamian precursors", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00063-00018331-00018680": "topic for well over a century scholars", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00064-00018681-00018918": "have recognized that the Bible as story", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00065-00018919-00019188": "of Noah s Ark is based on older", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00066-00019189-00019419": "Mesopotamian models because all these", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00067-00019420-00019605": "flood stories deal with events that", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00068-00019606-00019743": "allegedly happened at the dawn of", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00069-00019744-00019917": "history they give the impression that", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00070-00019918-00020112": "the myths themselves must come from very", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00071-00020113-00020283": "primitive origins but the myth of the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00072-00020284-00020508": "global flood that destroys all life only", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00073-00020509-00020709": "begins to appear in the old babylonian", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00074-00020710-00021075": "period 20th 16th centuries BCE the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00075-00021076-00021230": "reasons for this emergence of the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00076-00021231-00021453": "typical Mesopotamian flood myth may have", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00077-00021454-00021590": "been bound up with the specific", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00078-00021591-00021783": "circumstances of the end of the third", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00079-00021784-00021993": "dynasty of ur around two thousand four", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00080-00021994-00022224": "BCE in the restoration of order by the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00081-00022225-00022425": "first dynasty of isin there are nine", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00082-00022426-00022638": "known versions of the Mesopotamian flood", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00083-00022639-00022860": "story each more or less adapted from an", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00084-00022861-00023097": "earlier version in the oldest version", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00085-00023098-00023334": "inscribed in the Sumerian city of nipper", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00086-00023335-00023724": "see point 1 6 0 0 BCE the hero is King", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00087-00023725-00023969": "Ziusudra this is known as the Sumerian", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00088-00023970-00024234": "flood story and probably derives from an", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00089-00024235-00024510": "earlier version the Ziusudra version", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00090-00024511-00024699": "tells how he builds a boat and rescues", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00091-00024700-00024909": "life when the gods decide to destroy it", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00092-00024910-00025191": "this remains the basic plot for several", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00093-00025192-00025380": "subsequent flood stories and heroes", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00094-00025381-00025700": "including Noah Ziusudra Sumerian name", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00095-00025701-00026058": "means he of a long life in Babylonian", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00096-00026058-00026292": "versions his name is Audra Hafez but the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00097-00026293-00026379": "meaning is the same", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00098-00026380-00026664": "in the Atrahasis version the flood is a", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00099-00026664-00026870": "river flood the version closest to the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00100-00026872-00027081": "biblical story of Noah as well as its", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00101-00027082-00027245": "most likely source is that of", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00102-00027247-00027450": "Utnapishtim in the Epic of Gilgamesh the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00103-00027451-00027723": "most complete text of Utnapishtim s", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00104-00027724-00027981": "story as a clay tablet dating from the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00105-00027982-00028283": "7th century BCE but fragments of the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00106-00028285-00028490": "story have been found from as far back", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00107-00028491-00028889": "as the 19th century BCE the last known", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00108-00028891-00029145": "version of the Mesopotamian flood story", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00109-00029145-00029376": "was written in Greek in the 3rd century", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00110-00029377-00029637": "BCE by a Babylonian priest named", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00111-00029638-00029913": "Berossus from the fragments that", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00112-00029914-00030129": "survived it seems little changed from", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00113-00030130-00030387": "the versions of 2,000 years before the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00114-00030388-00030729": "parallels between Noah s Ark and the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00115-00030730-00030918": "Ark's of Babylonian flood heroes", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00116-00030919-00031145": "Atrahasis and Utnapishtim have often", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00117-00031147-00031494": "been noted audra HAases ark was circular", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00118-00031495-00031722": "resembling an enormous COFA and", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00119-00031723-00032136": "one or two decks Utnapishtim s ark was a", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00120-00032137-00032337": "cube and had six decks with seven", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00121-00032338-00032541": "compartments on each each divided into", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00122-00032542-00032763": "nine sub compartments 463 sub", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00123-00032764-00033138": "compartments per deck and 378 total Noah", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00124-00033139-00033426": "s Ark was rectangular and had three", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00125-00033427-00033672": "decks there is believed to be a linear", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00126-00033673-00033915": "progression from circular to cubic or", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00127-00033916-00034059": "square to rectangular", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00128-00034060-00034347": "the most striking similarity as the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00129-00034348-00034575": "near-identical deck areas of the three", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00130-00034576-00035004": "arks 14400 cubits - fourteen thousand", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00131-00035005-00035235": "four hundred cubits - and fifteen", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00132-00035236-00035504": "thousand cubits - four otra houses", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00133-00035505-00035877": "Utnapishtim s and Noah s Ark", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00134-00035878-00036072": "respectively a difference of four", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00135-00036073-00036324": "percent this has led professor Finkel to", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00136-00036325-00036570": "conclude that the iconic story of the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00137-00036571-00036807": "flood Noah and the Ark as we know it", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00138-00036808-00037014": "today certainly originated in the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00139-00037015-00037281": "landscape of ancient Mesopotamia modern", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00140-00037282-00037668": "Iraq linguistic parallels between Noah s", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00141-00037669-00037926": "Ark and the Ark of the Babylonian Flood", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00142-00037927-00038286": "hero Atrahasis have also been noted the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00143-00038287-00038568": "word used for pitch sealing tar or resin", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00144-00038569-00038823": "in genesis as not the normal hebrew word", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00145-00038824-00039066": "but is closely related to the word used", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00146-00039067-00039399": "in the babylonian story likewise the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00147-00039400-00039636": "Hebrew word for Ark Teva is nearly", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00148-00039637-00039891": "identical to the babylonian word for an", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00149-00039892-00040152": "oblong boat taboo especially given that", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00150-00040153-00040443": "V and B are the same letter in Hebrew", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00151-00040444-00040752": "bet B however the causes for God gods", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00152-00040753-00041034": "having sent the flood differ in the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00153-00041035-00041322": "Hebrew myth the flood comes as God s", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00154-00041323-00041574": "judgment on a wicked humanity in the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00155-00041575-00041802": "Babylonian epic of gilgamesh the reasons", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00156-00041803-00041973": "are not given and the flood appears to", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00157-00041974-00042144": "be the result of the Caprice of the gods", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00158-00042145-00042408": "in the atre HAases version of the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00159-00042409-00042618": "Babylonian flood story the flood was", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00160-00042619-00042789": "sent by the gods to reduce human", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00161-00042790-00042999": "overpopulation and after the flood other", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00162-00043000-00043188": "measures were introduced to prevent the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00163-00043189-00043550": "problem recurring", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00164-00043551-00044049": "topic composition", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00165-00044050-00044376": "topic there is consensus among scholars", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00166-00044377-00044598": "that the Torah the first five books of", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00167-00044599-00044664": "the Bible", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00168-00044665-00044832": "beginning with Genesis was the product", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00169-00044833-00045060": "of a long and complex process that was", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00170-00045061-00045219": "not completed until after the Babylonian", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00171-00045220-00045564": "exile the flood narrative in particular", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00172-00045565-00045741": "shows signs of being composed by the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00173-00045742-00045954": "combination of two versions of the story", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00174-00045955-00046194": "characterized by different names for God", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00175-00046195-00046715": "one story uses God one Yahweh", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00176-00046716-00046894": "you", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00177-00046895-00047440": "topic in later works", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00178-00047441-00047811": "topic", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00179-00047812-00048337": "topic rabbinic Judaism", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00180-00048338-00048682": "topic the story of the flood closely", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00181-00048683-00048883": "parallels the story of the creation a", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00182-00048884-00049093": "cycle of creation uncreation", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00183-00049094-00049294": "and recreation in which the ark plays a", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00184-00049295-00049579": "pivotal role the universe is conceived", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00185-00049580-00049795": "by the ancient Hebrews comprised a flat", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00186-00049796-00049972": "disc shaped habitable earth with the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00187-00049973-00050170": "heavens above and Sheol the underworld", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00188-00050171-00050413": "of the dead below these three were", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00189-00050414-00050728": "surrounded by a watery ocean of chaos", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00190-00050729-00050968": "protected by the firmament a transparent", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00191-00050969-00051160": "but solid dome resting on the mountains", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00192-00051161-00051396": "which ringed the earth knows three dec", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00193-00051397-00051615": "Ark represents this three level Hebrew", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00194-00051616-00051838": "cosmos in miniature the heavens the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00195-00051839-00052111": "earth and the waters beneath in Genesis", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00196-00052112-00052345": "chapter 1 God created the three level", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00197-00052346-00052522": "world as a space in the midst of the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00198-00052523-00052759": "waters for Humanity in Genesis chapters", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00199-00052760-00052978": "6 to 8 the flood narrative he fills that", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00200-00052979-00053215": "space with waters again saving only Noah", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00201-00053216-00053419": "his family and the animals with him in", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00202-00053420-00053734": "the ark Talmudic tractate Sanhedrin the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00203-00053735-00053812": "Vote Azara", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00204-00053813-00054016": "and Zev ahim relate that while Noah was", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00205-00054016-00054196": "building the ark he attempted to warn", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00206-00054197-00054376": "his neighbors of the coming deluge but", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00207-00054377-00054625": "was ignored or mocked in order to", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00208-00054626-00054844": "protect Noah and his family God placed", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00209-00054845-00055054": "lions and other ferocious animals to", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00210-00055054-00055204": "guard them from the wicked who tried to", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00211-00055204-00055355": "stop them from entering the ark", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00212-00055357-00055636": "according to one Midrash it was God or", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00213-00055637-00055834": "the angels who gathered the animals to", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00214-00055835-00055996": "the ark together with their food as", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00215-00055997-00056221": "there had been no need to distinguish", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00216-00056222-00056449": "between clean and unclean animals before", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00217-00056450-00056616": "this time the clean animals made", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00218-00056617-00056797": "themselves known by kneeling before Noah", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00219-00056798-00056916": "as they entered the ark", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00220-00056917-00057166": "a differing opinion said that the ark", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00221-00057166-00057376": "itself distinguished clean animals from", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00222-00057377-00057613": "unclean admiting seven pairs each of the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00223-00057614-00057816": "former and one pair each of the latter", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00224-00057817-00058126": "according to Sanhedrin 108 B Noah was", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00225-00058127-00058312": "engaged both day and night in feeding", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00226-00058313-00058495": "and caring for the animals and did not", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00227-00058496-00058684": "sleep for the entire year aboard the ark", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00228-00058685-00058912": "the animals were the best of their", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00229-00058913-00059089": "species and so behaved with utmost", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00230-00059090-00059401": "goodness they abstained from procreation", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00231-00059402-00059551": "so that the number of creatures that", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00232-00059552-00059770": "disembarked was exactly equal to the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00233-00059771-00060040": "number that embarked the Raven created", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00234-00060041-00060247": "problems refusing to leave the ark when", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00235-00060248-00060427": "Noah sent it forth and accusing the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00236-00060428-00060628": "patriarch of wishing to destroy its race", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00237-00060629-00060847": "but as the commentators pointed out God", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00238-00060848-00061003": "wished to save the Raven for its", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00239-00061004-00061155": "descendants were destined to feed the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00240-00061157-00061329": "prophet Elijah according to one", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00241-00061330-00061510": "tradition refuse was stored on the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00242-00061511-00061711": "lowest of the Ark's three decks Hume", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00243-00061712-00061909": "and clean beasts on the second and the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00244-00061910-00062122": "unclean animals and birds on the top a", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00245-00062123-00062314": "differing interpretation described the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00246-00062315-00062470": "refuse as being stored on the utmost", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00247-00062471-00062662": "deck from where it was shoveled into the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00248-00062663-00062911": "sea through a trap door precious stones", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00249-00062912-00063091": "said to be as bright as the noon Sun", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00250-00063091-00063316": "provided light and God ensured that food", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00251-00063316-00063585": "remained fresh some more unorthodox", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00252-00063586-00063780": "interpretations of the ark narrative", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00253-00063782-00063994": "also surfaced the 12th century Jewish", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00254-00063995-00064198": "commentator Abraham eben Ezra", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00255-00064199-00064396": "interpreted the ark as being a vessel", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00256-00064397-00064573": "that remained under water for forty days", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00257-00064574-00065057": "after which it floated to the surface", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00258-00065058-00065571": "topic Christianity", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00259-00065572-00065889": "topic interpretations of the arc", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00260-00065890-00066078": "narrative played an important role in", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00261-00066079-00066309": "early Christian doctrine the First", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00262-00066310-00066525": "Epistle of Peter composed around the end", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00263-00066526-00066747": "of the 1st century AD compared no", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00264-00066748-00066927": "salvation through water to salvation", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00265-00066928-00067320": "through water in Baptism one pt3 20-21", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00266-00067321-00067698": "street Hippolytus of Rome died 235", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00267-00067699-00067935": "sought to demonstrate that the ark was a", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00268-00067936-00068177": "symbol of the Christ who was expected", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00269-00068178-00068421": "stating that the vessel had its door on", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00270-00068422-00068640": "the east side the direction from which", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00271-00068641-00068826": "Christ would appear at the second coming", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00272-00068827-00069033": "and that the bones of Adam were brought", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00273-00069034-00069228": "aboard together with gold frankincense", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00274-00069229-00069453": "and myrrh the symbols of the Nativity of", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00275-00069454-00069753": "Christ Hippolytus furthermore stated", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00276-00069754-00069933": "that the ark floated to and fro in the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00277-00069934-00070140": "four directions on the waters making the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00278-00070141-00070299": "sign of the Cross before eventually", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00279-00070300-00070560": "landing on Mount Cardo in the east in", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00280-00070561-00070770": "the land of the sons of rabbin and the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00281-00070771-00070986": "Orientals call it mount goatish the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00282-00070987-00071322": "Armenians call it Ararat on a more", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00283-00071323-00071538": "practical plane Hippolytus explained", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00284-00071539-00071712": "that the lowest of the three decks was", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00285-00071713-00071925": "for wild beasts the middle for birds and", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00286-00071926-00072129": "domestic animals and the top level for", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00287-00072130-00072393": "humans he says that male animals were", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00288-00072394-00072585": "separated from the females by sharp", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00289-00072586-00072711": "stakes so that there would be no", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00290-00072712-00072882": "breeding on board the early church", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00291-00072883-00073253": "father and theologian Origen see 182 to", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00292-00073254-00073551": "251 in response to a critic who doubted", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00293-00073552-00073692": "that the ark could contain all the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00294-00073693-00073902": "animals in the world argued that Moses", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00295-00073903-00074076": "the traditional author of the book of", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00296-00074077-00074286": "Genesis had been brought up in Egypt and", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00297-00074287-00074445": "would therefore have used the larger", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00298-00074446-00074736": "Egyptian cubit he also fixed the shape", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00299-00074737-00074964": "of the ark as a truncated pyramid square", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00300-00074965-00075159": "at its base and tapering to a square", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00301-00075160-00075372": "peak one cubit on a side it was not", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00302-00075373-00075567": "until the 12th century that it came to", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00303-00075568-00075759": "be thought of as a rectangular box with", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00304-00075760-00075969": "a sloping roof early Christian artists", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00305-00075970-00076200": "depicted Noah standing in a small box on", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00306-00076201-00076404": "the waves symbolizing God saving the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00307-00076405-00076590": "Christian Church in its turbulent early", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00308-00076591-00077073": "years st. Augustine of Hippo 354 to 430", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00309-00077074-00077304": "in his work city of God demonstrated", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00310-00077305-00077472": "that the dimensions of the ark course", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00311-00077473-00077625": "funded to the dimensions of the human", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00312-00077626-00077817": "body which according to Christian", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00313-00077818-00078000": "doctrine as the body of Christ and in", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00314-00078001-00078240": "turned the body of the church Saint", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00315-00078241-00078702": "Jerome C 347 to 420 identified the Raven", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00316-00078703-00078870": "which was sent forth and did not return", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00317-00078871-00078951": "as the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00318-00078952-00079242": "foul bird of wickedness expelled by", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00319-00079243-00079461": "baptism more enduringly the dove and", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00320-00079462-00079656": "olive branch came to symbolize the Holy", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00321-00079657-00079848": "Spirit and the hope of salvation and", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00322-00079849-00080076": "eventually peace the olive branch", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00323-00080077-00080316": "remains a secular and religious symbol", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00324-00080317-00080674": "of peace today", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00325-00080675-00081302": "topic the Quran and later Muslim works", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00326-00081303-00081626": "topic in contrast to the Jewish", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00327-00081627-00081830": "tradition which uses a term that can be", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00328-00081831-00082295": "translated as a box or chest to describe", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00329-00082296-00082610": "the ark Sura 29 215 of the Quran refers", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00330-00082611-00082832": "to it as a Safin an ordinary ship and", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00331-00082833-00083183": "Sura 54 213 describes the arcus a thing", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00332-00083184-00083495": "of boards and males abba dalla eben", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00333-00083496-00083729": "abbas a contemporary of muhammad wrote", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00334-00083730-00083906": "that Noah was in doubt as to what shape", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00335-00083907-00084086": "to make the ark and that Allah revealed", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00336-00084087-00084236": "to him that it was to be shaped like a", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00337-00084237-00084524": "bird s belly and fashioned of teak wood", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00338-00084525-00084890": "Abdullah ibn Umar al Badawi writing in", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00339-00084891-00085121": "the 13th century explains that in the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00340-00085122-00085310": "first of its three levels wild and", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00341-00085311-00085514": "domesticated animals were lodged in the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00342-00085515-00085703": "second the human beings and in the third", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00343-00085704-00085991": "the birds on every plank was the name of", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00344-00085992-00086189": "a prophet three missing planks", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00345-00086190-00086393": "symbolizing three prophets were brought", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00346-00086394-00086627": "from Egypt by AAG son of anak the only", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00347-00086628-00086798": "one of the Giants permitted to survive", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00348-00086799-00087068": "the flood the body of Adam was carried", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00349-00087069-00087230": "in the middle to divide the men from the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00350-00087231-00087665": "women sura 1141 says and he said ride ye", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00351-00087666-00087893": "in it in the name of Allah it moves and", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00352-00087894-00088202": "stays this was taken to mean that Noah", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00353-00088203-00088502": "said in the name of Allah when he wished", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00354-00088503-00088673": "the ark to move and the same when he", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00355-00088674-00088820": "wished it to stand still", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00356-00088821-00089051": "the medieval scholar abu al-hassan ali", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00357-00089052-00089407": "IBN al-hussein Masotti died 956 wrote", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00358-00089408-00089591": "that allah commanded the earth to absorb", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00359-00089592-00089777": "the water and certain portions which", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00360-00089778-00089987": "were slow in obeying received salt water", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00361-00089988-00090206": "in punishment and so became dry and arid", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00362-00090207-00090494": "the water which was not absorbed formed", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00363-00090495-00090656": "the Seas so that the waters of the flood", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00364-00090657-00090770": "still exist", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00365-00090771-00091025": "miss uh D says that the ark began its", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00366-00091026-00091238": "voyage at Kufa in central Iraq and", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00367-00091239-00091409": "sailed to Mecca circling the kaabah", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00368-00091410-00091628": "before finally traveling to Mount Judi", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00369-00091629-00091904": "which sir 1144 states was its final", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00370-00091905-00092129": "resting place this mountain is", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00371-00092130-00092339": "identified by tradition with a hill near", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00372-00092340-00092552": "the town of jazzer Otterbein Umar on the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00373-00092553-00092741": "east bank of the Tigris in the province", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00374-00092742-00092954": "of Mosul in northern Iraq and miss uh D", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00375-00092955-00093134": "says that the spot could be seen in his", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00376-00093135-00093440": "time", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00377-00093441-00093909": "topic bhai", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00378-00093910-00094338": "topic the Baha I faith regards the ark", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00379-00094339-00094635": "and the flood as symbolic in Baja I", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00380-00094636-00094941": "believe only Noah s followers were", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00381-00094942-00095187": "spiritually alive preserved in the Ark", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00382-00095188-00095367": "of his teachings as others were", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00383-00095368-00095763": "spiritually dead the Baha I scripture", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00384-00095764-00096027": "kitab i icon endorses the Islamic belief", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00385-00096028-00096243": "that Noah had numerous companions on the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00386-00096244-00096510": "ark either 40 or 72 as well as his", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00387-00096511-00096744": "family and that he taught for 950", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00388-00096745-00097005": "symbolic years before the flood the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00389-00097006-00097206": "Baha'i faith was founded in 19th century", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00390-00097207-00097422": "Persia and it recognizes divine", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00391-00097423-00097623": "messengers from both the Abrahamic in", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00392-00097624-00098083": "the Indian traditions", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00393-00098084-00098564": "topic historic city", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00394-00098565-00098984": "topic while a literal Noah s Ark did not", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00395-00098985-00099257": "exist nor is there geologic evidence of", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00396-00099258-00099467": "a biblical global flood believers", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00397-00099468-00099620": "throughout history have tried to", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00398-00099621-00100054": "rationalize the ark s existence", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00399-00100055-00100254": "the first edition of the encyclopædia", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00400-00100255-00100641": "Britannica from 1771 describes the arc s", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00401-00100642-00100939": "existences fact it also attempts to", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00402-00100940-00101122": "explain how the arc could house all", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00403-00101123-00101385": "living animal types", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00404-00101386-00101609": "buteo and Kerkar have proved", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00405-00101610-00101832": "geometrically that taking the common", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00406-00101833-00102081": "cubit as a foot-and-a-half the ark was", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00407-00102082-00102267": "abundantly sufficient for all the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00408-00102268-00102651": "animals supposed to be lodged in it the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00409-00102652-00102849": "number of species of animals will be", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00410-00102850-00103050": "found much less than is generally", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00411-00103051-00103254": "imagined not amounting to a hundred", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00412-00103255-00103629": "species of quadrupeds it also endorses a", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00413-00103630-00103878": "supernatural explanation for the flood", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00414-00103879-00104073": "stating that many attempts have been", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00415-00104074-00104289": "made to account for the deluge by means", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00416-00104290-00104519": "of natural causes but these attempts", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00417-00104520-00104763": "have only tended to discredit philosophy", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00418-00104764-00104967": "and to render their authors ridiculous", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00419-00104968-00105273": "the 1860 edition attempts to solve the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00420-00105274-00105492": "problem of the ark being unable to house", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00421-00105493-00105758": "all animal types by suggesting a local", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00422-00105759-00106008": "flood which is described in the 1910", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00423-00106008-00106242": "edition as part of a gradual surrender", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00424-00106243-00106491": "of attempts to square scientific facts", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00425-00106492-00106671": "with a literal interpretation of the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00426-00106672-00106971": "Bible that resulted in the higher", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00427-00106972-00107199": "criticism and the rise of the modern", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00428-00107200-00107427": "scientific views as to the origin of", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00429-00107428-00107643": "species leading to scientific", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00430-00107644-00107885": "comparative mythology being the frame in", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00431-00107886-00108710": "which Noah s Ark was interpreted by 1875", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00432-00108711-00109148": "ARC's geometry", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00433-00109149-00109513": "topic in Europe the Renaissance saw much", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00434-00109514-00109694": "speculation on the nature of the arc", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00435-00109695-00109871": "that might have seemed familiar to early", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00436-00109872-00110101": "theologians such as origin in Augustine", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00437-00110102-00110410": "at the same time however a new class of", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00438-00110411-00110608": "scholarship arose one which while never", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00439-00110609-00110791": "questioning the literal truth of the arc", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00440-00110792-00110957": "story began to speculate on the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00441-00110958-00111229": "practical workings of Noah s vessel from", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00442-00111230-00111463": "within a purely naturalistic framework", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00443-00111464-00111806": "in the 15th century Alphonso tostada", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00444-00111807-00112043": "gave a detailed account of the logistics", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00445-00112044-00112247": "of the arc down to arrangements for the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00446-00112248-00112481": "disposal of dung and the circulation of", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00447-00112482-00112838": "fresh air the 16th century geometry", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00448-00112839-00113158": "Ohana's buteo calculated the ship s", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00449-00113159-00113365": "internal dimensions allowing room for", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00450-00113366-00113590": "nose grinding mills and smokeless ovens", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00451-00113591-00113764": "a model widely adopted by other", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00452-00113765-00114116": "commentators", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00453-00114117-00114667": "topic searches for no zark", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00454-00114668-00115000": "topic searches for no zark have been", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00455-00115001-00115198": "made from at least the time of Eusebius", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00456-00115199-00115600": "see point 275 to 339 see e to the", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00457-00115601-00115888": "present day today the practice is widely", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00458-00115889-00116160": "regarded as pseudo archaeology various", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00459-00116161-00116317": "locations for the arc have been", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00460-00116318-00116533": "suggested but have never been confirmed", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00461-00116533-00116788": "search sites have included durapan her", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00462-00116789-00117016": "site a site on mountain Doric in eastern", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00463-00117017-00117142": "Turkey and Mount Ararat", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00464-00117143-00117364": "but geological investigation of possible", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00465-00117365-00117534": "remains of the ark has only shown", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00466-00117535-00118115": "natural sedimentary formations", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00467-00118116-00118636": "topic see also", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00468-00118638-00119086": "topic biblical literalism Black Sea", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00469-00119088-00119421": "deluge hypothesis book of Noah", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00470-00119422-00119824": "do I fan and wifeís Gilgamesh flood myth", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00471-00119825-00120207": "list of longest wooden ships list of", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00472-00120208-00120433": "topics characterized as pseudoscience", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00473-00120434-00120849": "manu hinduism knows ark replicas and", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00474-00120850-00121277": "derivatives sons of noah sumerian flood", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00475-00121278-00121695": "myth tuck origins archive wives aboard", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00476-00121696-00122210": "knows our Ziusudra", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00477-00122211-00122748": "topic notes", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00478-00122749-00123140": "topic", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00479-00123141-00123656": "topic references", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00480-00123657-00124021": "topic", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00481-00124022-00124516": "topic citations", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00482-00124517-00124892": "topic", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00483-00124893-00125398": "topic bibliography", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00484-00125399-00125792": "topic", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00485-00125793-00126304": "topic further reading", "0GK9DfTmuN0-00486-00126305-00126982": "topic commentaries on Genesis general"}}, {"audio_id": "0GPRXOkjiqU", "text": {"0GPRXOkjiqU-00000-00000095-00000902": "[Music]", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00001-00000903-00000950": "we have", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00002-00000951-00001270": "always been asking questions about who", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00003-00001271-00001303": "we", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00004-00001304-00001655": "are how we think", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00005-00001655-00002023": "what defines our identity", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00006-00002023-00002439": "our awareness", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00007-00002440-00002831": "of ourselves and others", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00008-00002832-00003199": "and we have tried", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00009-00003200-00003543": "to explore and experiment", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00010-00003544-00003751": "the dynamic boundaries of this", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00011-00003752-00003879": "understanding by", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00012-00003879-00004399": "altering our states of cognition", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00013-00004400-00004711": "through means that go from", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00014-00004712-00005199": "the pretty abstract like meditation", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00015-00005200-00005543": "to the very concrete assuming", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00016-00005544-00005911": "substances like alcohol", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00017-00005912-00006247": "and others in order to see", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00018-00006248-00006591": "what happens and in order", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00019-00006592-00007087": "to achieve a deeper understanding", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00020-00007088-00007423": "of how our mind and our body reacts", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00021-00007423-00007742": "to the world and reacts to our own", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00022-00007743-00008095": "internal states", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00023-00008095-00008399": "this reverberating", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00024-00008400-00008791": "set of behaviors and experiments", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00025-00008792-00009183": "this fractal attempt to explore what is", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00026-00009184-00009327": "possible", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00027-00009328-00010055": "has been going on for thousands of years", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00028-00010056-00010455": "with the organization", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00029-00010456-00010887": "of our societies the", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00030-00010888-00011295": "set of rules and regulations that", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00031-00011296-00011638": "influence or define what can or cannot", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00032-00011639-00011823": "be done", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00033-00011824-00012214": "obviously took into account", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00034-00012215-00012687": "this ongoing experiment as well", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00035-00012688-00013071": "and for a large number", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00036-00013072-00013383": "of geographies", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00037-00013384-00013671": "and the people who live on these", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00038-00013672-00013847": "geographies", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00039-00013847-00014215": "these regulations mean that", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00040-00014216-00014679": "for a large part the experiment is over", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00041-00014680-00015047": "that it is constrained it is", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00042-00015047-00015630": "prohibited it is repressed", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00043-00015631-00015955": "and the punishment for the", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00044-00015956-00016166": "experimentation", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00045-00016168-00016575": "is extreme", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00046-00016576-00016935": "and also something that is not", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00047-00016936-00017407": "working because the human desire", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00048-00017408-00018086": "for understanding is stronger", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00049-00018087-00018463": "three years ago i had the um", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00050-00018464-00018855": "extreme good fortune of being able", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00051-00018856-00019279": "to be invited through a friend", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00052-00019280-00019583": "to be part of a ceremony to be part of a", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00053-00019584-00019727": "community", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00054-00019728-00020047": "that enables", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00055-00020048-00020358": "the participants to take", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00056-00020359-00020686": "the extract of a gland", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00057-00020687-00021071": "of bufo alvarios the sonoran", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00058-00021072-00021599": "desert toad containing 5-meo dmt", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00059-00021600-00021863": "the most powerful psychedelic known to", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00060-00021864-00022039": "mankind", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00061-00022040-00022527": "and my experience was very very positive", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00062-00022528-00022886": "first of all the community is", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00063-00022887-00023367": "conscious of the power of the experience", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00064-00023368-00023711": "and it prepares you", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00065-00023712-00024030": "both before during and after", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00066-00024031-00024407": "over the course of three days or more", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00067-00024408-00024742": "so that you know um how to", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00068-00024743-00025055": "go into the experience and then", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00069-00025056-00025399": "afterwards how to integrate it", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00070-00025400-00025799": "both in your personality as well as", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00071-00025800-00026335": "how you go about in the world afterwards", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00072-00026336-00026646": "subjectively for me at least the", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00073-00026647-00026831": "experience was", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00074-00026832-00027167": "very powerful and very positive", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00075-00027168-00027551": "the um effect of the psychedelic", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00076-00027552-00028062": "lasts not more than 5-10 minutes", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00077-00028063-00028414": "in this case under a beautiful sun", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00078-00028416-00028790": "over a grassy terrain", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00079-00028791-00029111": "i would inhale the", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00080-00029112-00029574": "smoke from a pipe with the assistance", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00081-00029575-00029983": "of uh the shaman and then", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00082-00029983-00030183": "from the outside what you would see is", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00083-00030183-00030302": "that i lose", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00084-00030303-00030646": "consciousness i would be laid down on", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00085-00030647-00030883": "the grass", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00086-00030883-00031214": "inside well", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00087-00031216-00031623": "i took off as a billion rockets", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00088-00031624-00031951": "into intergalactic space completely", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00089-00031952-00032302": "losing the perception of my body", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00090-00032303-00032614": "of my mind of myself", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00091-00032616-00032959": "of time of space", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00092-00032960-00033287": "but without losing a sense of", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00093-00033288-00033683": "increasing well-being empathy", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00094-00033684-00033959": "unity and", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00095-00033960-00034271": "during these minutes", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00096-00034272-00034607": "as seen from the outside in my", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00097-00034608-00034743": "subjectivity", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00098-00034744-00035062": "without time it could have been", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00099-00035063-00035383": "millions or billions of years as a", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00100-00035384-00035479": "matter of fact", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00101-00035480-00035751": "time didn't at that point have", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00102-00035752-00036183": "particular meaning", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00103-00036184-00036518": "the takeoff was characterized", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00104-00036519-00036871": "by the intensifying of a light that", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00105-00036872-00037071": "would engulf", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00106-00037072-00037430": "but afterwards seeing", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00107-00037431-00037767": "also became something", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00108-00037768-00038143": "that was hard to understand", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00109-00038144-00038590": "because space also dissolved", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00110-00038591-00038846": "and so whether it was 10 minutes or a", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00111-00038847-00039143": "billion years", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00112-00039144-00039559": "i reconnected with my self", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00113-00039560-00039999": "and i found myself", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00114-00040000-00040367": "with my naked torso on the grass", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00115-00040368-00040671": "the head turned", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00116-00040672-00041007": "on the side uh and", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00117-00041008-00041327": "a wonderful person pouring some fresh", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00118-00041328-00041535": "water on my hands", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00119-00041536-00041879": "and my face and and head as i was", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00120-00041880-00042446": "coming back together and i would feel", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00121-00042447-00042807": "the earth under my arms", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00122-00042808-00043183": "not the terrain but the globe", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00123-00043184-00043574": "and its connectedness and with my eyes i", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00124-00043575-00043599": "would", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00125-00043600-00043918": "see extremely sharply the", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00126-00043919-00044255": "blades of grass that were beautiful", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00127-00044256-00044590": "and the people uh standing around", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00128-00044591-00045055": "even more beautiful", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00129-00045056-00045287": "others of course will tell their own", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00130-00045288-00045455": "stories", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00131-00045456-00045879": "of their experience and for some", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00132-00045880-00046190": "uh it is less peaceful it is more", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00133-00046191-00046583": "cathartic and and there is an inner", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00134-00046584-00046999": "fight to go through", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00135-00047000-00047311": "for others", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00136-00047312-00047807": "it is a struggle and", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00137-00047808-00048135": "regardless all", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00138-00048136-00048518": "describe a feeling of love of belonging", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00139-00048519-00048871": "of interconnectedness of empathy", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00140-00048872-00049199": "and this feeling doesn't", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00141-00049200-00049518": "dissipate it", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00142-00049519-00049862": "stays with you", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00143-00049863-00050215": "as well as a real", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00144-00050216-00050574": "impression of staring with your closed", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00145-00050575-00050639": "eyes", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00146-00050640-00051055": "at the sun and", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00147-00051056-00051358": "almost with the sensation", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00148-00051359-00051694": "of the reverberating and enclosing", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00149-00051695-00052079": "light re-igniting the experience", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00150-00052079-00052423": "without the chemical help", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00151-00052424-00052823": "of the toad extract", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00152-00052824-00053150": "so i highly", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00153-00053151-00053591": "recommend it for anyone", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00154-00053591-00053911": "if you know that you can have it in this", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00155-00053912-00054179": "kind of welcoming", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00156-00054179-00054503": "self-assured experienced", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00157-00054504-00054830": "setting like i had i would definitely", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00158-00054832-00054863": "not", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00159-00054864-00055263": "recommend it to do it on your own or", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00160-00055264-00055711": "with some inexperienced friends", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00161-00055712-00056038": "just hey let's try this", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00162-00056039-00056391": "because of how powerful it is", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00163-00056391-00056703": "and the responsible way", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00164-00056704-00057071": "that the experience happened", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00165-00057072-00057363": "the ceremony the community the", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00166-00057364-00057503": "responsibility", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00167-00057504-00057863": "of the whole thing is witness to", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00168-00057864-00058215": "how it can be done and", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00169-00058216-00058607": "it is said that so many places in the", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00170-00058608-00058726": "world", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00171-00058727-00059119": "are classifying 5 muodmt", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00172-00059120-00059423": "as a dangerous substance", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00173-00059424-00059750": "prohibiting its possession or", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00174-00059751-00060191": "or distribution", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00175-00060191-00060615": "octavio rotig who is the shaman", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00176-00060616-00060999": "with whose help i participated in the", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00177-00061000-00061399": "in the ceremony um is from mexico", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00178-00061400-00061703": "and he has helped", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00179-00061704-00062135": "tens of thousands of people participate", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00180-00062136-00062526": "he is now building", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00181-00062527-00062847": "a sanctuary the bufo", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00182-00062848-00063111": "alvarius sanctuary that you can find", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00183-00063112-00063303": "online", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00184-00063304-00063566": "that will open its doors to welcome", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00185-00063567-00063663": "people", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00186-00063664-00064038": "to participate in the ceremony soon", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00187-00064039-00064615": "and if you can go you should go", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00188-00064616-00065047": "the hypocrisy and the contradiction", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00189-00065048-00065382": "of governments that", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00190-00065383-00065759": "regulate and allow dangerous drugs", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00191-00065760-00066079": "like tobacco and alcohol", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00192-00066080-00066543": "that cause not only dependence", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00193-00066544-00066919": "but cause accidents", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00194-00066920-00067382": "and death in the millions worldwide", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00195-00067383-00067711": "versus prohibiting", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00196-00067712-00068038": "other substances", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00197-00068039-00068367": "like cannabis or 5meo", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00198-00068368-00068871": "bmt is perverse", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00199-00068872-00069143": "there are now scientific studies of", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00200-00069144-00069503": "5-meo dmt that is being", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00201-00069504-00069831": "used to attempt treating", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00202-00069832-00070199": "severe depression post-traumatic", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00203-00070200-00070567": "stress disorder and other", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00204-00070568-00070806": "mental conditions and psychological", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00205-00070807-00070935": "conditions", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00206-00070936-00071238": "that resist treatment that are", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00207-00071239-00071367": "untreatable", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00208-00071368-00071694": "with other approaches", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00209-00071695-00072006": "imagine the immense", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00210-00072007-00072367": "benefit that humanity would achieve", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00211-00072368-00072871": "if this became universally accessible", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00212-00072872-00073215": "there will be a time when we will look", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00213-00073216-00073335": "back", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00214-00073336-00073694": "and see how barbaric", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00215-00073695-00073970": "the situation was today", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00216-00073971-00074103": "[Music]", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00217-00074104-00074567": "as people were stigmatized", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00218-00074568-00074943": "or persecuted for trying to", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00219-00074944-00075375": "better themselves", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00220-00075376-00075735": "so what are the", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00221-00075736-00076071": "limits in the experiments of", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00222-00076072-00076338": "pursuing cognitive freedom", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00223-00076339-00076550": "[Music]", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00224-00076551-00076903": "is our ability to pursue these", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00225-00076904-00076991": "experiments", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00226-00076992-00077287": "of introspection and understanding of", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00227-00077288-00077543": "self-awareness and awareness of others", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00228-00077544-00077862": "going to increase or decrease i really", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00229-00077863-00078023": "hope that in the future", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00230-00078024-00078391": "we will understand that in a", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00231-00078392-00078711": "responsible and self-aware manner", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00232-00078712-00078991": "these experiments should continue that", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00233-00078992-00079126": "our degrees of freedom", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00234-00079127-00079471": "around them should increase and that", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00235-00079472-00079575": "whether with", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00236-00079576-00079999": "chemical or other technological means", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00237-00080000-00080335": "understanding who we are", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00238-00080336-00080735": "has been and is going to be", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00239-00080736-00081759": "a genuinely human person", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00240-00081760-00082238": "[Music]", "0GPRXOkjiqU-00241-00082239-00082448": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0GU4VK2E5eu", "text": {"0GU4VK2E5eu-00000-00000032-00000206": "hey guys welcome back to my channel", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00001-00000208-00000359": "today i'll be sharing with you how to", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00002-00000360-00000591": "make your very own", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00003-00000592-00000886": "grapefruit oil", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00004-00000888-00001087": "there it is", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00005-00001088-00001247": "ladies and gentlemen", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00006-00001248-00001495": "the grapefruit oil now i have shared how", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00007-00001496-00001759": "to make your own lavender oil in", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00008-00001760-00001887": "previous videos which i'll link in the", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00009-00001888-00002055": "cards above and a lot of you commented", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00010-00002056-00002239": "back saying that it wasn't essential oil", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00011-00002240-00002391": "and you are right it's in lavender", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00012-00002392-00002583": "infused oil same with this this is a", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00013-00002584-00002750": "grapefruit infused oil and it's", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00014-00002751-00002991": "basically the home version of making", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00015-00002992-00003183": "essential oils because essential oils", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00016-00003184-00003375": "are just concentrated extracts of like a", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00017-00003376-00003543": "flower herb", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00018-00003544-00003870": "or fruit of some kind and it's usually", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00019-00003871-00004206": "drawn out using a distilling method so", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00020-00004207-00004399": "they'll have a distilled installation", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00021-00004400-00004606": "kind of equipment and that will help to", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00022-00004607-00004831": "separate the oil", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00023-00004832-00005054": "from the water like the flour water or", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00024-00005055-00005311": "the herb water or the fruit or water so", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00025-00005312-00005518": "that's how you get that essential oil", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00026-00005519-00005822": "the proper the true the real essential", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00027-00005823-00006022": "oil so if you want that you'll have to", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00028-00006023-00006199": "get the equipment for it", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00029-00006200-00006327": "that is", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00030-00006328-00006575": "the little downside to big like you'll", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00031-00006576-00006727": "need to get that but you can get it at", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00032-00006728-00006878": "many different places i'm looking at", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00033-00006879-00007070": "getting my own distilling machine", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00034-00007072-00007375": "eventually to make real true essential", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00035-00007376-00007487": "oils", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00036-00007488-00007703": "so excited saves me so much money in the", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00037-00007704-00007814": "long run", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00038-00007815-00008055": "but if you want to make just a simple", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00039-00008056-00008383": "home made essential oil like version", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00040-00008384-00008646": "this is the way to do it so you infuse a", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00041-00008647-00008759": "certain", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00042-00008760-00008974": "fruit herbal flower in with a certain", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00043-00008975-00009239": "oil and that draws out the properties of", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00044-00009240-00009335": "that", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00045-00009336-00009535": "herbal flower or fruit", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00046-00009536-00009759": "into the oil and you can use it for many", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00047-00009760-00010023": "different things so today's one we'll be", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00048-00010024-00010206": "making is grapefruit", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00049-00010207-00010335": "now the reason why i chose grapefruit", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00050-00010336-00010623": "because i love grapefruit essential oil", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00051-00010624-00010767": "it's one of my favorites that and", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00052-00010768-00010991": "lavender and i'm just the list has grown", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00053-00010992-00011174": "i just love basically all the essential", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00054-00011175-00011383": "oils they smell amazing i'm always like", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00055-00011384-00011567": "just smelling them all", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00056-00011568-00011774": "so some of the benefits of grapefruit", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00057-00011775-00011919": "essential oil is that it helps to", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00058-00011920-00012110": "promote hair growth", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00059-00012111-00012319": "so you can put it in your shampoos you", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00060-00012320-00012567": "can put in the oil oily hair shampoos", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00061-00012568-00012742": "that i've shared in previous videos", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00062-00012743-00012910": "again a link in the cards above in", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00063-00012911-00013143": "homemade shampoos you can even put it in", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00064-00013144-00013319": "diy hair serums", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00065-00013319-00013622": "in hair masks or just rub it on straight", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00066-00013623-00013799": "as is now it does make your hair go", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00067-00013800-00014071": "early so i prefer to do hair like oils", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00068-00014072-00014351": "pop it in leave it on for a few hours", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00069-00014352-00014519": "and then i'll go and wash it out to kind", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00070-00014519-00014599": "of", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00071-00014600-00014807": "remove that oily hair look it also", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00072-00014808-00015063": "encourages healthy skin healthy glowing", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00073-00015063-00015263": "skin you can help with things like acne", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00074-00015263-00015479": "due to its potent antioxidant and", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00075-00015480-00015703": "antibacterial properties so you can rub", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00076-00015704-00015911": "it on skin now i'm going to start doing", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00077-00015912-00016022": "that because i'm getting a little bit of", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00078-00016023-00016166": "breakouts happening", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00079-00016168-00016366": "on my face so that's what i'll be using", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00080-00016368-00016535": "it for just to use as like an oil you", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00081-00016536-00016711": "can mix it in with your oil cleansing", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00082-00016712-00016943": "like if you do oil cleansing too mix it", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00083-00016944-00017079": "in with those oils", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00084-00017080-00017230": "and it can be just add beneficial", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00085-00017231-00017511": "properties for that and it may also help", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00086-00017512-00017671": "to balance out your mood it has a lot of", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00087-00017672-00017871": "calming properties just like lavender", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00088-00017872-00018079": "when you smell grapefruit essential oil", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00089-00018080-00018422": "it like just really relaxes you it kind", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00090-00018423-00018743": "of um sends positive vibes", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00091-00018744-00018950": "that's a really basic form of explaining", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00092-00018951-00019247": "it to the brain it helps to relax you so", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00093-00019248-00019486": "you can like kind of smell it like have", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00094-00019487-00019614": "it diffusing", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00095-00019615-00019799": "overnight and it can help with anxiety", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00096-00019800-00019983": "can help with sleep just help to relax", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00097-00019984-00020207": "and calm you down now the grapefruit", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00098-00020208-00020358": "we'll be making today is a little less", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00099-00020359-00020558": "concentrated compared to your true", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00100-00020559-00020822": "essential oils but it still does hold", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00101-00020823-00020999": "the wonderful beneficial properties", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00102-00021000-00021127": "within", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00103-00021128-00021263": "it still smells really sweet like", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00104-00021264-00021630": "citrusy too", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00105-00021631-00021894": "smells like grapefruit i love it so to", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00106-00021895-00022094": "get started all you're going to need is", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00107-00022095-00022358": "about a quarter cup of organic minced", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00108-00022359-00022591": "grapefruit peel making sure that you use", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00109-00022592-00022863": "only the peel and avoid the white under", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00110-00022864-00023111": "skin and a word to the wise you want to", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00111-00023112-00023278": "use organic grapefruit because you don't", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00112-00023279-00023447": "want those pesticides", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00113-00023448-00023630": "like soaking into the oil because you", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00114-00023631-00023783": "would just be putting that on your skin", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00115-00023784-00023927": "or on your body", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00116-00023928-00024111": "and you don't want that so really opt", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00117-00024112-00024342": "for organic grapefruit then you're going", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00118-00024343-00024622": "to need about two cups of a carrier oil", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00119-00024623-00024830": "like sweet almond oil it's a really good", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00120-00024831-00025086": "one or grapeseed oil that's another good", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00121-00025087-00025319": "option as well i'm using sweet almond", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00122-00025320-00025527": "oil today and i also used a little less", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00123-00025528-00025662": "of the quantities because i only wanted", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00124-00025663-00025887": "to make a small portion of grapefruit", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00125-00025888-00026143": "essential oil so i just used a few", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00126-00026144-00026351": "tablespoons of the rind", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00127-00026352-00026511": "and then combined maybe a few", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00128-00026512-00026695": "tablespoons of the oil just to make sure", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00129-00026695-00026839": "it just covered", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00130-00026839-00027023": "over the rind and then that was enough", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00131-00027024-00027174": "for me and then i just ate the", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00132-00027175-00027343": "grapefruit afterwards it was amazing so", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00133-00027344-00027495": "to make the essential oil you want to", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00134-00027495-00027662": "select a grapefruit that has a", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00135-00027663-00027902": "moderately thick rind to make your oil", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00136-00027904-00028214": "with and also again organic and then you", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00137-00028216-00028383": "want to wash the whole grapefruit", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00138-00028383-00028583": "thoroughly to ensure that there's no", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00139-00028583-00028783": "sort of", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00140-00028783-00028918": "like chemicals or anything on the", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00141-00028919-00029023": "outside", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00142-00029024-00029223": "then you want to peel the grapefruit", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00143-00029224-00029455": "scraping the white pith from the inside", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00144-00029456-00029702": "of the rind using the edge of a spoon", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00145-00029704-00029911": "and then you can just compost the pith", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00146-00029912-00030087": "or you can just use a kitchen grater", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00147-00030088-00030279": "which is what i used that has a very", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00148-00030280-00030527": "small grating zesting option and you", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00149-00030527-00030727": "want to grate the rinds over that", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00150-00030727-00030958": "grating is more ideal to peeling since", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00151-00030960-00031174": "you can remove just the rind and leave", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00152-00031175-00031407": "the pith behind next you want to spread", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00153-00031408-00031735": "the grapefruit rind or zest on a plate", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00154-00031736-00031958": "placing it in a warm area with good air", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00155-00031960-00032151": "circulation to dry", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00156-00032152-00032335": "now the smaller the pieces are the", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00157-00032336-00032511": "quicker they'll dry and they'll", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00158-00032512-00032815": "generally dry within a couple of days", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00159-00032816-00032974": "you just want to test it every few days", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00160-00032975-00033239": "and just feel with your hands how dry it", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00161-00033240-00033351": "is and make sure that there's no", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00162-00033352-00033590": "moisture left in the rind it's really", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00163-00033591-00033759": "important to wait until it's completely", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00164-00033760-00034015": "dry to ensure your oil doesn't go rancid", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00165-00034016-00034279": "later on due to excess moisture", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00166-00034280-00034390": "now from here there are a couple", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00167-00034391-00034535": "different methods you can use to make", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00168-00034536-00034711": "your grapefruit essential oil you can do", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00169-00034712-00035007": "the solar infused oil method or the heat", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00170-00035008-00035207": "infused oil method i will link in the", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00171-00035208-00035399": "description below my blog post which", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00172-00035400-00035615": "shares a full description of both but", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00173-00035616-00035790": "today i'll just be doing the solar", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00174-00035791-00035990": "infused oil method which basically", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00175-00035991-00036167": "involves just using the heat of the sun", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00176-00036168-00036399": "to infuse the grapefruit and the oil", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00177-00036400-00036646": "together so the solo infuse method will", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00178-00036647-00036879": "take a few weeks to complete around two", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00179-00036880-00036999": "weeks or so", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00180-00037000-00037207": "and it just like i said uses the natural", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00181-00037208-00037502": "sunlight to infuse the oil together with", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00182-00037503-00037687": "the grapefruit this method often", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00183-00037688-00037974": "produces a better quality oil compared", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00184-00037975-00038151": "to just the heat infused method which", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00185-00038152-00038439": "takes around 8-12 hours so to infuse the", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00186-00038440-00038662": "oil simply fill a mason jar with the", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00187-00038663-00038895": "grapefruit rind or zest and add in the", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00188-00038896-00039127": "almond oil until it just covers the top", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00189-00039128-00039343": "of the rind again you want to avoid", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00190-00039344-00039567": "using too much oil or you will weaken", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00191-00039568-00039846": "and dilute the oil too much then just", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00192-00039847-00040023": "cover and allow the jar to sit on the", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00193-00040024-00040271": "sunny windowsill for two weeks or so", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00194-00040272-00040543": "once it's infused you can pour the oil", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00195-00040544-00040774": "from the mason jar into a bowl lined", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00196-00040775-00040958": "with four or five layers of cheesecloth", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00197-00040959-00041111": "or you can do what i did and just use a", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00198-00041112-00041327": "nut milk bag and just gather the edges", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00199-00041328-00041535": "of the cheesecloth or nut milk bag and", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00200-00041536-00041751": "squeeze as much of the oil as you can", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00201-00041752-00041958": "into the bowl from the rind", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00202-00041959-00042167": "now squeezing the rind helps to extract", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00203-00042168-00042415": "the remaining oils within then you can", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00204-00042416-00042662": "pour the oil into a small dark colored", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00205-00042663-00042887": "bottle it's important that it's dark and", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00206-00042888-00043111": "has an amber outside coating because", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00207-00043112-00043271": "it'll help protect the properties within", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00208-00043272-00043487": "the oil and prevent deterioration as", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00209-00043488-00043646": "sunlight can deteriorate", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00210-00043647-00043902": "the properties within the oil then just", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00211-00043903-00044167": "seal with a lid and store your oil in a", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00212-00044168-00044535": "cool dry place but do not refrigerate", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00213-00044536-00044718": "the oil can be kept at room temperature", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00214-00044719-00044951": "for around six months or so now if you", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00215-00044952-00045199": "want a stronger oil you can press the", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00216-00045200-00045415": "rind inside the cheesecloth or nut milk", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00217-00045416-00045655": "bag and keep it pressed between two", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00218-00045656-00045758": "plates", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00219-00045759-00045918": "so you place the cheesecloth on one", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00220-00045919-00046151": "plate and put another plate on top and", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00221-00046152-00046287": "then you can just position a couple of", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00222-00046288-00046486": "heavy books on top of the plate and let", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00223-00046487-00046646": "it sit for a day or two and this will", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00224-00046647-00046862": "allow the weight of the plates to press", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00225-00046863-00047086": "the remaining oils from the grapefruit", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00226-00047087-00047279": "into the oil below and you'll have a", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00227-00047280-00047462": "more concentrated oil", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00228-00047463-00047735": "and that is how you make your own", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00229-00047736-00047927": "grapefruit oil", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00230-00047928-00048055": "so excited i've been wanting to share", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00231-00048056-00048223": "this video for so long so i'm so excited", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00232-00048224-00048358": "to share this today do you let me know", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00233-00048359-00048583": "if you make it or you've made other oils", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00234-00048584-00048823": "before even your own essential oils if", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00235-00048824-00049071": "you have a cool distillation machine do", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00236-00049072-00049255": "let me know otherwise thank you so much", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00237-00049256-00049407": "for watching i really hope you enjoyed", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00238-00049408-00049590": "today's video and i hope to see you", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00239-00049591-00049879": "again hopefully in my next video", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00240-00049880-00050951": "bye", "0GU4VK2E5eu-00241-00050952-00051159": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0Hdg0y8ON28", "text": {"0Hdg0y8ON28-00000-00000479-00000609": "foreign", "0Hdg0y8ON28-00001-00000610-00003136": "[Music]", "0Hdg0y8ON28-00002-00003137-00003790": "[Music]", "0Hdg0y8ON28-00003-00003792-00004513": "[Music]", "0Hdg0y8ON28-00004-00004514-00004811": "to my channel thank you and I'll see you", "0Hdg0y8ON28-00005-00004812-00005048": "next time"}}, {"audio_id": "0H5QPYA7Cr0", "text": {"0H5QPYA7Cr0-00000-00000084-00000541": "foreign", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00001-00000542-00000790": "and Welcome to our Channel", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00002-00000791-00001000": "today we're going to talk about a topic", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00003-00001001-00001211": "that's on everyone's Mind Investing your", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00004-00001212-00001289": "money", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00005-00001290-00001462": "investing your money is one of the best", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00006-00001463-00001660": "ways to grow your wealth over time but", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00007-00001661-00001793": "it can also be confusing and", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00008-00001794-00001907": "overwhelming", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00009-00001907-00002105": "in this video we'll walk you through the", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00010-00002106-00002260": "basics of investing and give you some", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00011-00002261-00002441": "tips on how to get started", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00012-00002442-00002668": "before we dive into the details let's", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00013-00002669-00002908": "first Define what investing means", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00014-00002909-00003125": "simply put investing is putting your", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00015-00003126-00003299": "money into an asset with the expectation", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00016-00003300-00003533": "of earning a profit or income from it", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00017-00003534-00003706": "there are many types of assets you can", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00018-00003707-00004013": "invest in such as stocks", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00019-00004014-00004199": "bonds", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00020-00004200-00004379": "real estate", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00021-00004380-00004517": "and more", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00022-00004518-00004703": "but how do you know which one is the", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00023-00004704-00004829": "best fit for you", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00024-00004830-00005002": "the first step in investing is to", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00025-00005003-00005225": "identify your investment goals", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00026-00005226-00005429": "what are you investing for", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00027-00005430-00005633": "is it for a short-term goal like a down", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00028-00005634-00005867": "payment on a house or a long-term goal", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00029-00005868-00006022": "like retirement", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00030-00006023-00006197": "your investment goals will help", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00031-00006198-00006406": "determine your investment strategy", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00032-00006408-00006623": "for example if you're Investing For A", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00033-00006623-00006784": "short-term goal you might consider", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00034-00006786-00006959": "investing in something that has low risk", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00035-00006959-00007151": "like a savings account or a certificate", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00036-00007152-00007409": "of deposit these options won't provide", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00037-00007409-00007577": "High returns but they will keep your", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00038-00007578-00007751": "money safe and easily accessible when", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00039-00007752-00007846": "you need it", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00040-00007847-00008051": "on the other hand if you're investing", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00041-00008052-00008273": "for a long-term goal like retirement you", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00042-00008274-00008405": "might consider investing in something", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00043-00008406-00008585": "that has higher risk but also has the", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00044-00008586-00008795": "potential for higher returns like stocks", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00045-00008796-00008963": "or mutual funds", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00046-00008964-00009142": "these Investments are subject to Market", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00047-00009143-00009346": "fluctuations and may be more volatile", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00048-00009347-00009527": "but they also have the potential to earn", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00049-00009528-00009706": "higher returns over time", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00050-00009707-00009905": "the second step is to educate yourself", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00051-00009906-00010055": "on the different investment options", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00052-00010056-00010355": "available for example stocks are shares", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00053-00010356-00010541": "of ownership in a company while bonds", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00054-00010542-00010703": "are a type of loan that pays interest to", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00055-00010704-00010828": "the bondholder", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00056-00010829-00011027": "real estate can provide rental income", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00057-00011028-00011267": "and capital appreciation over time", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00058-00011268-00011446": "it's important to do your research and", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00059-00011447-00011596": "understand the risks and rewards", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00060-00011597-00011806": "associated with each investment", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00061-00011807-00012046": "let's take a closer look at stocks", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00062-00012047-00012245": "when you buy a stock you're buying a", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00063-00012246-00012437": "share of ownership in a company", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00064-00012438-00012623": "this means that you have a claim on the", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00065-00012624-00012821": "company's assets and earnings", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00066-00012822-00013007": "stocks can be a good investment option", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00067-00013008-00013175": "for long-term investors because they", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00068-00013176-00013307": "have the potential to provide High", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00069-00013308-00013451": "returns over time", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00070-00013452-00013672": "however they can also be volatile and", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00071-00013673-00013865": "subject to Market fluctuations which", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00072-00013866-00014008": "means that there is a risk of losing", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00073-00014009-00014093": "money", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00074-00014094-00014338": "Bonds on the other hand are generally", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00075-00014340-00014536": "considered to be less risky than stocks", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00076-00014537-00014675": "because they provide a fixed income", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00077-00014676-00014771": "stream", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00078-00014772-00014975": "when you buy a bond you're essentially", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00079-00014976-00015215": "lending money to a company or government", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00080-00015216-00015425": "in return you receive interest payments", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00081-00015426-00015544": "and the return of your principal", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00082-00015545-00015755": "investment when the bond matures", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00083-00015756-00015929": "bonds are often used as a way to", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00084-00015930-00016211": "diversify a portfolio and reduce risk", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00085-00016212-00016366": "the third step is to create a", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00086-00016368-00016600": "diversified Investment Portfolio", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00087-00016601-00016793": "diversification means investing in", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00088-00016794-00016961": "different types of assets to spread out", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00089-00016962-00017069": "your risk", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00090-00017070-00017267": "this can help reduce the impact of a", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00091-00017268-00017435": "single investment's performance on your", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00092-00017436-00017591": "overall portfolio", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00093-00017592-00017825": "a well-diversified portfolio can help", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00094-00017826-00017986": "you achieve your investment goals with", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00095-00017987-00018269": "less risk for example let's say you have", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00096-00018270-00018485": "ten thousand dollars to invest", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00097-00018486-00018665": "instead of putting all your money into", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00098-00018666-00018875": "one stock or Bond you might consider", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00099-00018876-00019114": "investing in a mix of different assets", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00100-00019115-00019367": "this could include stocks bonds real", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00101-00019368-00019630": "estate and other types of Investments", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00102-00019631-00019864": "by diversifying your portfolio you can", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00103-00019865-00020044": "reduce the risk of losing money if one", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00104-00020045-00020225": "investment performs poorly", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00105-00020226-00020422": "once you have identified your investment", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00106-00020423-00020621": "goals educated yourself on the different", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00107-00020622-00020819": "investment options and created a", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00108-00020820-00021035": "diversified portfolio it's time to start", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00109-00021036-00021143": "investing", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00110-00021144-00021358": "there are many ways to invest but some", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00111-00021359-00021527": "of the most common include", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00112-00021528-00021755": "investing through a brokerage account a", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00113-00021756-00021886": "brokerage account is an investment", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00114-00021887-00022043": "account that allows you to buy and sell", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00115-00022044-00022336": "stocks bonds and other Investments", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00116-00022337-00022553": "there are many online Brokers that offer", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00117-00022554-00022793": "low fees and easy to use platforms", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00118-00022794-00023014": "investing in a mutual fund or exchange", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00119-00023015-00023339": "traded fund ETF a mutual fund or ETF is", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00120-00023340-00023483": "a type of investment that pulls money", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00121-00023484-00023680": "from multiple investors to invest in a", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00122-00023681-00023939": "diversified portfolio of stocks bonds or", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00123-00023940-00024071": "other assets", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00124-00024072-00024221": "investing in a retirement account", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00125-00024222-00024563": "retirement accounts like 401 k s and", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00126-00024564-00024778": "IRAs offer tax advantages and can help", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00127-00024779-00024947": "you save for retirement", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00128-00024948-00025097": "it's important to remember that", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00129-00025098-00025294": "investing is a long-term game", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00130-00025295-00025522": "it's not a get rich quick scheme and it", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00131-00025523-00025714": "requires patience and discipline", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00132-00025716-00025900": "here are some tips to help you stay on", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00133-00025901-00026008": "track", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00134-00026010-00026212": "stay Diversified make sure your", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00135-00026213-00026381": "portfolio is Diversified across", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00136-00026382-00026651": "different types of assets to reduce risk", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00137-00026652-00026831": "stay disciplined stick to your", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00138-00026832-00027005": "investment strategy and avoid making", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00139-00027006-00027208": "emotional decisions based on short-term", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00140-00027210-00027370": "Market fluctuations", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00141-00027372-00027587": "monitor your Investments keep an eye on", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00142-00027588-00027767": "your portfolio and make adjustments as", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00143-00027768-00027862": "needed", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00144-00027863-00028108": "rebalance your portfolio periodically to", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00145-00028110-00028337": "ensure that it remains Diversified", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00146-00028338-00028517": "finally it's important to seek", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00147-00028518-00028661": "professional advice if you're unsure", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00148-00028662-00028846": "about how to invest your money", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00149-00028847-00029051": "a financial advisor can help you create", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00150-00029052-00029231": "a personalized investment plan that", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00151-00029232-00029399": "takes into account your goals risk", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00152-00029400-00029620": "tolerance and time Horizon", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00153-00029622-00029843": "that's all for today's video", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00154-00029844-00029981": "we hope you found this information", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00155-00029982-00030112": "helpful", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00156-00030113-00030340": "remember investing can be a great way to", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00157-00030341-00030508": "grow your wealth over time but it's", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00158-00030510-00030677": "important to do your research stay", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00159-00030677-00030881": "disciplined and seek professional advice", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00160-00030882-00030995": "if needed", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00161-00030995-00031187": "thanks for watching and we'll see you in", "0H5QPYA7Cr0-00162-00031188-00031447": "the next video"}}, {"audio_id": "0HjAZt6o0BA", "text": {"0HjAZt6o0BA-00000-00012656-00019639": "foreign", "0HjAZt6o0BA-00001-00019640-00026655": "um", "0HjAZt6o0BA-00002-00026656-00030846": "is", "0HjAZt6o0BA-00003-00030847-00034799": "um", "0HjAZt6o0BA-00004-00034800-00037887": "solas", "0HjAZt6o0BA-00005-00037888-00047630": "is", "0HjAZt6o0BA-00006-00047631-00051863": "uh", "0HjAZt6o0BA-00007-00051864-00064359": "it", "0HjAZt6o0BA-00008-00064360-00065743": "is", "0HjAZt6o0BA-00009-00065744-00088182": "um", "0HjAZt6o0BA-00010-00088183-00095318": "it", "0HjAZt6o0BA-00011-00095319-00104990": "a", "0HjAZt6o0BA-00012-00104991-00127054": "organization", "0HjAZt6o0BA-00013-00127055-00127355": "website"}}, {"audio_id": "0HK6CIbSLGU", "text": {"0HK6CIbSLGU-00000-00000017-00000305": "by Oh Sentinel is a planned low-cost", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00001-00000306-00000607": "CubeSat spacecraft on an astrobiology", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00002-00000608-00000808": "mission that will use yeast to detect", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00003-00000809-00001054": "measure and compare the impact of deep", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00004-00001055-00001364": "space radiation on DNA repair over long", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00005-00001365-00001634": "time beyond low-earth orbit selected in", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00006-00001635-00001951": "2013 for a 2020 launch the spacecraft", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00007-00001952-00002234": "will operate in the deep space radiation", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00008-00002235-00002438": "environment throughout its 18-month", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00009-00002439-00002710": "mission this will help scientists", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00010-00002711-00002945": "understand the health threat from cosmic", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00011-00002946-00003160": "rays and deep-space environment on", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00012-00003161-00003370": "living organisms and reduce the risk", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00013-00003371-00003586": "associated with long-term human", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00014-00003588-00003875": "exploration as NASA plans to send humans", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00015-00003876-00004127": "farther into space than ever before the", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00016-00004128-00004340": "mission is being developed by NASA in", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00017-00004341-00005074": "collaboration with some universities", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00018-00005075-00005801": "topic background bio Sentinel is one of", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00019-00005802-00006106": "13 low-cost CubeSat missions selected as", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00020-00006107-00006326": "secondary payloads for the first test", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00021-00006327-00006509": "flight of NASA's Space Launch System", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00022-00006509-00006859": "called exploration mission-1 the", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00023-00006861-00007094": "spacecraft will be deployed in cislunar", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00024-00007095-00007396": "space the bio Sentinel mission will be", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00025-00007397-00007710": "NASA's first time since Apollo 17 in", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00026-00007711-00008027": "1972 to send living organisms to deep", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00027-00008028-00008833": "space beyond low-earth orbit topic", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00028-00008834-00009452": "objective the primary objective of bio", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00029-00009453-00009677": "Sentinel is to develop a bio sensor", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00030-00009678-00009974": "using a simple model organism yeast to", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00031-00009975-00010226": "detect measure and correlate the impact", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00032-00010227-00010433": "of space radiation to living organisms", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00033-00010434-00010688": "over long durations beyond low-earth", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00034-00010689-00010802": "orbit leo", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00035-00010803-00011110": "and into heliocentric orbit while", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00036-00011111-00011360": "progress has been made with simulations", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00037-00011361-00011627": "no terrestrial laboratory can duplicate", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00038-00011628-00012370": "the unique space radiation environment", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00039-00012371-00012513": "topic", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00040-00012514-00013161": "biological science the bio Sentinel bio", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00041-00013162-00013358": "sensor uses the budding yeast", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00042-00013359-00013632": "Saccharomyces cerevisiae to detect and", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00043-00013633-00013884": "measure double strand breaks DSBs", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00044-00013885-00014154": "on DNA that occur in response to ambient", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00045-00014155-00014493": "space radiation this yeast strain was", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00046-00014494-00014715": "selected because its DSB repair", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00047-00014716-00014937": "mechanisms are well studied and are very", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00048-00014938-00015282": "similar to those in human cells the bio", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00049-00015283-00015494": "sensor consists of specifically", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00050-00015495-00015716": "engineered yeast strains and nutrient", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00051-00015718-00015912": "selection strategies that ensure that", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00052-00015913-00016176": "only cells that can repair their DSBs", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00053-00016177-00016521": "will grow in specialized media therefore", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00054-00016522-00016782": "culture growth and metabolic activity of", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00055-00016783-00016989": "yeast cells directly indicate a", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00056-00016990-00017262": "successful DSP and repair event after", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00057-00017263-00017493": "completing the moon flyby and spacecraft", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00058-00017494-00017760": "check out the science mission phase will", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00059-00017761-00017955": "begin with the wedding of the first set", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00060-00017956-00018122": "of yeast containing wells with", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00061-00018123-00018474": "specialized media multiple sets of wells", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00062-00018475-00018669": "will be activated at different time", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00063-00018670-00019002": "points over the 18-month mission one", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00064-00019003-00019218": "reserved set of wells will be activated", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00065-00019219-00019434": "in the occurrence of a solar particle", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00066-00019435-00019818": "event SPE approximately a four to five", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00067-00019819-00020183": "cred total ionizing dose is anticipated", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00068-00020184-00020436": "payload science data and spacecraft", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00069-00020437-00020694": "telemetry will be stored on board and", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00070-00020695-00020865": "then downloaded to the ground", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00071-00020866-00021084": "biological measurements will be compared", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00072-00021085-00021344": "to data provided by onboard radiation", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00073-00021345-00021656": "sensors and dosimeters additionally", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00074-00021657-00021918": "three identical bio Sentinel payloads", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00075-00021919-00022100": "will be developed for comparison", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00076-00022101-00022331": "reference one of them will be exposed at", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00077-00022332-00022488": "low Earth orbit outside the", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00078-00022489-00022775": "International Space Station ISS where", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00079-00022776-00023003": "there is a comparatively low radiation", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00080-00023004-00023219": "environment due to Earth's magnetic", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00081-00023220-00024056": "field protecting the space station topic", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00082-00024057-00024711": "spacecraft the bio Sentinel spacecraft", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00083-00024712-00025014": "will consist on a 6u CubeSat bus format", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00084-00025015-00025299": "with external dimensions of 10 times 20", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00085-00025300-00025533": "times 30 centimeters in a mass of about", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00086-00025534-00025739": "14 kilograms 30", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00087-00025741-00026069": "one pounds at launch bio Sentinel", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00088-00026070-00026286": "resides within the second stage on the", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00089-00026287-00026493": "launch vehicle from which it is deployed", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00090-00026494-00026748": "to a lunar flyby trajectory and into an", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00091-00026749-00027108": "earth trailing heliocentric orbit at the", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00092-00027108-00027389": "total six units volume four units will", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00093-00027391-00027614": "hold the science payload including a", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00094-00027616-00027845": "radiation dosimeter and a dedicated", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00095-00027847-00028070": "three color spectrometer for each well", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00096-00028072-00028347": "one you will house the ADCs attitude", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00097-00028348-00028593": "determination and control subsystem and", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00098-00028594-00028770": "one you will house the attitude control", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00099-00028770-00029049": "thrusters sembly which will be 3d", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00100-00029050-00029358": "printed all in one piece cold gas dupont", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00101-00029358-00029766": "r 236 f a propellant tanks lines and", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00102-00029767-00030120": "seven nozzles the use of 3d printing", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00103-00030120-00030363": "also allows the optimization of space", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00104-00030364-00030711": "for increased propellant storage 165", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00105-00030712-00031070": "grams the thrust of each nozzle is 50", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00106-00031072-00031308": "million Newtons and a specific impulse", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00107-00031308-00031623": "of 31 seconds the attitude control", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00108-00031624-00031923": "system is being developed and fabricated", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00109-00031924-00032243": "by the Georgia Institute of Technology", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00110-00032244-00032502": "Electric Power will be generated by", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00111-00032502-00032808": "deployable solar panels rated at 30 W", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00112-00032809-00033057": "and telecommunications will rely on the", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00113-00033058-00033279": "iris transponder at expand the", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00114-00033280-00033507": "spacecraft is being developed by NASA", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00115-00033508-00033744": "Ames Research Center NASA Jet Propulsion", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00116-00033745-00034065": "Laboratory NASA Johnson Space Center", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00117-00034066-00034329": "NASA Marshall Space Flight Center NASA", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00118-00034330-00034515": "headquarters Loma Linda University", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00119-00034516-00034815": "Medical Center and the University of", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00120-00034816-00035262": "Saskatchewan in Canada topics see also", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00121-00035263-00035499": "the 13 cube SATs flying in the", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00122-00035500-00035751": "exploration mission-1 lunar flashlight", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00123-00035752-00035973": "will map exposed water ice on the moon", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00124-00035974-00036252": "near-earth asteroids Scout by NASA is a", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00125-00036253-00036468": "solar sail spacecraft that will", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00126-00036469-00036687": "encounter a near-earth asteroid bio", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00127-00036688-00036945": "Sentinel is an astrobiology mission", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00128-00036946-00037194": "Skyfire by Lockheed Martin lunar Ice", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00129-00037195-00037452": "Cube by the Morehead State University", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00130-00037453-00037743": "CubeSat for solar particles cusp lunar", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00131-00037744-00038013": "polar hydrogen mapper lunar map designed", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00132-00038014-00038292": "by the Arizona State University Oh mo", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00133-00038293-00038718": "TNA shi submitted by jay AXA is a lunar", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00134-00038719-00038970": "lander agha moon designed by architect", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00135-00038971-00039117": "and coordinated by a", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00136-00039118-00039393": "Italian space agency cislunar Explorers", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00137-00039394-00039690": "Cornell University Ithaca New York Earth", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00138-00039691-00040046": "escape Explorer Cu III University of", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00139-00040047-00040335": "Colorado Boulder team miles by fluid and", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00140-00040336-00040767": "reason LLC Florida astrobiology missions", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00141-00040768-00041477": "bein biop a n bio satellite program list", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00142-00041478-00041712": "of microorganisms tested in outer space", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00143-00041713-00041892": "Oh", "0HK6CIbSLGU-00144-00041893-00042566": "Oreos Oreo cube tanpopo"}}, {"audio_id": "0IG7rYG0mZE", "text": {"0IG7rYG0mZE-00000-00000043-00000377": "Michael John Chamberlin born June 7th", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00001-00000378-00000698": "1937 in Chicago is a professor emeritus", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00002-00000699-00001045": "of biochemistry and molecular biology at", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00003-00001046-00001385": "University of California Berkeley his", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00004-00001386-00001616": "research focused on the gene expression", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00005-00001617-00001855": "in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00006-00001857-00002279": "he studied how RNA polymerases initiated", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00007-00002280-00002551": "and terminated transcription he became a", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00008-00002552-00002771": "member of the United States National", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00009-00002772-00003163": "Academy of Sciences in 1986", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00010-00003164-00003374": "Chamberlain has trained leading", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00011-00003375-00003599": "molecular biologists who now hold", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00012-00003600-00003917": "positions throughout academia some of", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00013-00003918-00004195": "his former PhD students include Robert", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00014-00004196-00004519": "Kingston Harvard Karen aren't you", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00015-00004520-00004772": "Pittsburgh Ala Stella Snitsky", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00016-00004773-00005168": "you Michigan Tom cupola you Michigan", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00017-00005169-00005449": "John Hillman Cornell David are nasty", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00018-00005450-00005783": "Michigan State laticia marques Magana", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00019-00005784-00006134": "San Francisco State and Tracy Johnson UC", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00020-00006135-00006535": "San Diego in 2001 Chamberlain was", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00021-00006536-00006794": "recognized for his lifelong contribution", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00022-00006795-00007028": "to scientific research and training with", "0IG7rYG0mZE-00023-00007029-00007526": "the Sigma Xi mone a first award"}}, {"audio_id": "0Jq7NG6ZfPE", "text": {"0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00000-00000012-00000259": "besides", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00001-00000260-00000521": "I love you", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00002-00000522-00000936": "and also first of all congratulations", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00003-00000938-00001247": "fine fine how are you fine sir", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00004-00001248-00002387": "hello", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00005-00002388-00002584": "thank you so what's happening sir what's", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00006-00002585-00002717": "next", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00007-00002718-00003010": "I think it's time for me for all of us", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00008-00003011-00003215": "to enter into", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00009-00003215-00003490": "Oddity platform I want to tell one", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00010-00003492-00003779": "thriller story", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00011-00003779-00006498": "characters", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00012-00006500-00006917": "yes sir already so this is a story about", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00013-00006918-00007320": "this guy", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00014-00007320-00008205": "[Music]", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00015-00008206-00009103": "[Music]", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00016-00009104-00009317": "extraordinary condition we have to do", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00017-00009318-00009451": "this", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00018-00009452-00009823": "I need to be a part of this Earth", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00019-00009824-00010237": "title of this", "0Jq7NG6ZfPE-00020-00010238-00010586": "on G5"}}, {"audio_id": "0JEBwjGE8Cy", "text": {"0JEBwjGE8Cy-00000-00000077-00000416": "you've probably heard the saying that if", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00001-00000417-00000626": "you love what you do you'll never work", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00002-00000627-00000853": "another day in your life well that's", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00003-00000855-00001124": "true there's a difference in how you", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00004-00001125-00001373": "describe it and what I'm talking about", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00005-00001374-00001751": "is passion it's common for small", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00006-00001752-00002032": "business owners to say I'm passionate", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00007-00002034-00002518": "about this it's something different for", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00008-00002519-00002743": "your target market or your audience to", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00009-00002744-00003098": "say wow he's really passionate about", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00010-00003099-00003488": "this you have got to work for him cuz", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00011-00003489-00003820": "you're the difference when you say it", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00012-00003821-00004303": "you're bragging your inflating and", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00013-00004304-00004550": "passion can fade over time especially", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00014-00004551-00004799": "when you get this brilliant idea that", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00015-00004800-00004976": "you think is brilliant but when you test", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00016-00004977-00005170": "it in the market you get some feedback", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00017-00005171-00005506": "that maybe it's not quite right just yet", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00018-00005507-00005888": "and then it can be rejuvenated later so", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00019-00005889-00006074": "passion is something that fades it's a", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00020-00006075-00006293": "lot like a wave it goes up it goes down", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00021-00006294-00006500": "but either which way it's like this", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00022-00006501-00006742": "internal high that you want and you", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00023-00006743-00007070": "crave so you want more of it passion is", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00024-00007070-00007391": "good we want to aspire to passion but", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00025-00007392-00007730": "there's a difference in how you describe", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00026-00007731-00007994": "your business your business simply put", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00027-00007995-00008239": "is still a business you want other", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00028-00008240-00008503": "people to identify you as being", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00029-00008504-00008881": "passionate and sincere in what you do", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00030-00008882-00009160": "when you say it it doesn't come across", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00031-00009161-00009778": "with the same conviction so the other", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00032-00009779-00010244": "element that it has is it it causes the", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00033-00010245-00010601": "person you're talking to to question how", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00034-00010602-00010996": "serious you are with your business if", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00035-00010997-00011267": "you're only talking about your passion", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00036-00011268-00011503": "your passion your passion that's great", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00037-00011504-00011819": "but it's all about you and it's not", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00038-00011820-00012062": "about them and the reason why they're", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00039-00012063-00012620": "interested in you is because of what you", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00040-00012621-00012971": "have to offer let them say that that", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00041-00012972-00013299": "you're passionate don't focus on", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00042-00013300-00013521": "you saying you're passionate passion is", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00043-00013522-00013794": "something that exudes from you it's not", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00044-00013794-00014031": "something that you talk about when", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00045-00014032-00014211": "others can brag about how passionate you", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00046-00014212-00014496": "are it builds your credibility it builds", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00047-00014497-00014726": "your likability it builds your brand", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00048-00014727-00014982": "because people want to be around you", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00049-00014983-00015282": "they want to be associated with you you", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00050-00015283-00015540": "become a brand that they are proud to", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00051-00015541-00015753": "say that they do business with or that", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00052-00015754-00016044": "they've purchased but when you say it", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00053-00016044-00016422": "it's just bragging so I invite you next", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00054-00016423-00016626": "time that you're thinking about how", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00055-00016627-00016785": "you're talking about your business or", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00056-00016786-00017013": "how you're talking about what you do and", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00057-00017014-00017328": "what you want to do with your life and", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00058-00017329-00017625": "with your career these the word passion", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00059-00017626-00018000": "out what fashion show for itself let", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00060-00018001-00018300": "your let your body let your emotions let", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00061-00018301-00018636": "your your essence of who you are say", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00062-00018637-00018872": "passion without you without you", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00063-00018873-00019380": "personally using the word already leave", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00064-00019381-00019581": "your comments below about what you think", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00065-00019582-00019844": "about passion and branding and we'll get", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00066-00019845-00020034": "this conversation started all right it", "0JEBwjGE8Cy-00067-00020035-00020313": "was great talking to you"}}, {"audio_id": "0K0FfmeinPI", "text": {"0K0FfmeinPI-00000-00000003-00000196": "in a pure military context technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00001-00000197-00000467": "intelligence te CH int is intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00002-00000468-00000628": "about weapons and equipment used by the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00003-00000629-00000808": "Armed Forces of foreign nations often", "0K0FfmeinPI-00004-00000809-00000986": "referred to as foreign material the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00005-00000986-00001178": "related term scientific and technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00006-00001179-00001354": "intelligence addresses information", "0K0FfmeinPI-00007-00001355-00001574": "collected at the strategic ie national", "0K0FfmeinPI-00008-00001575-00001843": "level technical intelligence is intended", "0K0FfmeinPI-00009-00001844-00002026": "primarily to allow the Armed Forces to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00010-00002027-00002288": "avoid technological surprise knowledge", "0K0FfmeinPI-00011-00002289-00002465": "of the characteristics and capabilities", "0K0FfmeinPI-00012-00002466-00002642": "of enemy weapons allows nations to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00013-00002643-00002783": "develop effective countermeasures for", "0K0FfmeinPI-00014-00002784-00003047": "them occasionally armed forces adopt", "0K0FfmeinPI-00015-00003048-00003217": "technology developed by foreign nations", "0K0FfmeinPI-00016-00003218-00003463": "the jerrican of world war ii is an", "0K0FfmeinPI-00017-00003464-00003647": "example of foreign equipment adopted by", "0K0FfmeinPI-00018-00003647-00003878": "the US Army technical intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00019-00003879-00004067": "should not be confused with intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00020-00004068-00004316": "obtained by technical means that is a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00021-00004317-00004481": "term of art used in discussion of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00022-00004482-00004661": "disarmament to mean information gathered", "0K0FfmeinPI-00023-00004662-00004865": "by various sorts of cameras sensors or", "0K0FfmeinPI-00024-00004866-00005150": "other devices technical intelligence is", "0K0FfmeinPI-00025-00005151-00005281": "the product technical intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00026-00005282-00005486": "intelligence derived from the collection", "0K0FfmeinPI-00027-00005487-00005735": "processing analysis and exploitation of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00028-00005736-00005884": "data and information pertaining to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00029-00005885-00006061": "foreign equipment and materiel for the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00030-00006062-00006233": "purposes of preventing technological", "0K0FfmeinPI-00031-00006234-00006431": "surprise assessing foreign scientific", "0K0FfmeinPI-00032-00006431-00006566": "and technical capabilities and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00033-00006567-00006734": "developing countermeasures designed to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00034-00006734-00006914": "neutralize an adversary's technological", "0K0FfmeinPI-00035-00006915-00007094": "advantages scientific and technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00036-00007095-00007316": "intelligence SNT AI reveals more than", "0K0FfmeinPI-00037-00007317-00007544": "the foreign equipment itself it is the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00038-00007545-00007699": "product resulting from the collection", "0K0FfmeinPI-00039-00007700-00007903": "evaluation analysis and interpretation", "0K0FfmeinPI-00040-00007904-00008102": "of foreign scientific and technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00041-00008103-00008291": "information that covers a foreign", "0K0FfmeinPI-00042-00008292-00008444": "developments in basic and Applied", "0K0FfmeinPI-00043-00008445-00008609": "Research in in applied engineering", "0K0FfmeinPI-00044-00008610-00008803": "techniques B scientific and technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00045-00008804-00008987": "characteristics capabilities and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00046-00008988-00009164": "limitations of all foreign military", "0K0FfmeinPI-00047-00009165-00009349": "systems weapons weapon systems and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00048-00009350-00009551": "materiel the research and development", "0K0FfmeinPI-00049-00009552-00009695": "related thereto and the production", "0K0FfmeinPI-00050-00009696-00009863": "methods employed for their manufacture", "0K0FfmeinPI-00051-00009864-00010117": "it covers not just the equipment but the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00052-00010118-00010271": "process by which it was developed and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00053-00010272-00010417": "produced the production rate of the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00054-00010418-00010606": "country or organization making it and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00055-00010607-00010748": "possibly the economic and other", "0K0FfmeinPI-00056-00010749-00010946": "priorities given to the project given", "0K0FfmeinPI-00057-00010947-00011066": "that scientific and technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00058-00011067-00011242": "information is an important part of a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00059-00011243-00011405": "nation's competitive position in world", "0K0FfmeinPI-00060-00011406-00011635": "markets SN CI blurs into economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00061-00011636-00011824": "intelligence which is defined by the US", "0K0FfmeinPI-00062-00011825-00011987": "government as government-sponsored or", "0K0FfmeinPI-00063-00011988-00012160": "coordinated intelligence activity", "0K0FfmeinPI-00064-00012161-00012320": "designed to unlawfully and covertly", "0K0FfmeinPI-00065-00012321-00012535": "obtain classified data and or sensitive", "0K0FfmeinPI-00066-00012536-00012742": "policy or proprietary information from a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00067-00012743-00012913": "US government agency or company", "0K0FfmeinPI-00068-00012914-00013058": "potentially having the effect of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00069-00013059-00013205": "enhancing a foreign country's economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00070-00013206-00013313": "competitiveness", "0K0FfmeinPI-00071-00013313-00013547": "damaging US Economic Security convicted", "0K0FfmeinPI-00072-00013547-00013811": "CIA spy Aldrich Ames collected 4.6", "0K0FfmeinPI-00073-00013812-00013940": "million dollars for selling classified", "0K0FfmeinPI-00074-00013941-00014201": "information on CIA activities to the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00075-00014202-00014494": "USSR in Russia in contrast to the sale", "0K0FfmeinPI-00076-00014495-00014693": "of government information ronald hoffman", "0K0FfmeinPI-00077-00014694-00014863": "a project manager for a company called", "0K0FfmeinPI-00078-00014865-00015088": "science applications inc made seven", "0K0FfmeinPI-00079-00015090-00015224": "hundred and fifty thousand dollars by", "0K0FfmeinPI-00080-00015225-00015431": "selling complex software programs that", "0K0FfmeinPI-00081-00015432-00015590": "were developed on the secret contract", "0K0FfmeinPI-00082-00015591-00015790": "for the Strategic Defense Initiative SDI", "0K0FfmeinPI-00083-00015791-00016109": "the cont AM software tracks the plumes", "0K0FfmeinPI-00084-00016110-00016268": "that rockets and missiles leaving their", "0K0FfmeinPI-00085-00016269-00016460": "wake and therefore has both military and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00086-00016461-00016739": "civilian applications Hoffman sold his", "0K0FfmeinPI-00087-00016740-00016949": "wares to Japanese multinationals Nissen", "0K0FfmeinPI-00088-00016950-00017129": "Motor Company Mitsubishi Electric", "0K0FfmeinPI-00089-00017130-00017318": "Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Ishikawa", "0K0FfmeinPI-00090-00017319-00017534": "Jima Harry my heavy industries that", "0K0FfmeinPI-00091-00017535-00017696": "wanted the information for civilian", "0K0FfmeinPI-00092-00017697-00017966": "aerospace programs he was arrested in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00093-00017967-00018302": "1992 Porteous identifies two kinds of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00094-00018303-00018469": "economic intelligence that are distinct", "0K0FfmeinPI-00095-00018470-00018668": "from s and TI trade negotiation", "0K0FfmeinPI-00096-00018669-00019227": "intelligence macroeconomic intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00097-00019228-00019812": "topic the technical intelligence process", "0K0FfmeinPI-00098-00019813-00020047": "the production of technical intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00099-00020048-00020242": "is a specialized sort of bureaucratic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00100-00020243-00020401": "scholarship harness to the needs of the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00101-00020402-00020665": "Armed Forces a multi-service manual", "0K0FfmeinPI-00102-00020666-00020863": "describes u.s. military doctrine for te", "0K0FfmeinPI-00103-00020864-00021166": "CH int typically the technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00104-00021167-00021710": "intelligence process is divided into", "0K0FfmeinPI-00105-00021711-00022029": "topic collection of material and related", "0K0FfmeinPI-00106-00022030-00022418": "documents", "0K0FfmeinPI-00107-00022419-00022607": "chance plays an important part in the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00108-00022608-00022739": "collection of foreign weapons and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00109-00022740-00022976": "equipment the collection phase typically", "0K0FfmeinPI-00110-00022977-00023150": "begins when a soldier finds something", "0K0FfmeinPI-00111-00023151-00023294": "interesting on a battlefield or a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00112-00023295-00023480": "defecting pilot flies an aircraft to a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00113-00023481-00023753": "friendly country in a famous case Victor", "0K0FfmeinPI-00114-00023754-00024011": "Ivanovich Belenko flew a Soviet mig-25", "0K0FfmeinPI-00115-00024012-00024344": "Foxbat to her Co date Japan on the 6th", "0K0FfmeinPI-00116-00024345-00024674": "of September 1976 the United States", "0K0FfmeinPI-00117-00024675-00024875": "granted Belenko Asylum and assisted in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00118-00024876-00025052": "the dismantling of the aircraft so that", "0K0FfmeinPI-00119-00025053-00025196": "it could be crated for return to the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00120-00025197-00025490": "Soviet Union bureaucratic procedures", "0K0FfmeinPI-00121-00025491-00025652": "have been established for development of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00122-00025652-00025844": "requirements ie wish list to guide", "0K0FfmeinPI-00123-00025845-00026111": "systematic collection efforts material", "0K0FfmeinPI-00124-00026112-00026273": "required may be obtained through any", "0K0FfmeinPI-00125-00026274-00026527": "number of channels for example material", "0K0FfmeinPI-00126-00026529-00026669": "may be obtained through commercial", "0K0FfmeinPI-00127-00026670-00026963": "channels an attache might ask a foreign", "0K0FfmeinPI-00128-00026964-00027131": "official for information about a piece", "0K0FfmeinPI-00129-00027132-00027352": "of foreign equipment clandestine", "0K0FfmeinPI-00130-00027354-00027527": "operations have been mounted to obtain", "0K0FfmeinPI-00131-00027527-00027755": "critical enemy materiel probably the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00132-00027756-00027929": "most expensive and most ambitious was", "0K0FfmeinPI-00133-00027930-00028100": "construction of Hughes Glomar Explorer", "0K0FfmeinPI-00134-00028101-00028286": "by the Central Intelligence Agency to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00135-00028287-00028466": "obtain the wreckage of Soviet submarine", "0K0FfmeinPI-00136-00028467-00029020": "that sunk in the Pacific", "0K0FfmeinPI-00137-00029021-00029641": "topic exploitation testing and analysis", "0K0FfmeinPI-00138-00029642-00029936": "the exploitation phase includes various", "0K0FfmeinPI-00139-00029937-00030143": "types of technical and operational tests", "0K0FfmeinPI-00140-00030144-00030329": "the services have well developed", "0K0FfmeinPI-00141-00030330-00030506": "procedures for testing various types of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00142-00030507-00030740": "material testing often includes", "0K0FfmeinPI-00143-00030741-00030920": "operating the item and non-destructive", "0K0FfmeinPI-00144-00030921-00031160": "testing the Air Force historical studies", "0K0FfmeinPI-00145-00031161-00031439": "office web contains an excellent account", "0K0FfmeinPI-00146-00031440-00031628": "of the exploitation of axis aircraft", "0K0FfmeinPI-00147-00031629-00032191": "during World War two", "0K0FfmeinPI-00148-00032192-00032417": "topic production of finished", "0K0FfmeinPI-00149-00032418-00032942": "intelligence the production of technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00150-00032943-00033116": "intelligence includes preparation of a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00151-00033117-00033413": "variety of reports and documents te CH", "0K0FfmeinPI-00152-00033414-00033641": "int documents include a wide range of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00153-00033642-00033800": "materials from brief messages and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00154-00033801-00033938": "reports prepared in the field to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00155-00033939-00034118": "extensive formal studies prepared by", "0K0FfmeinPI-00156-00034119-00034391": "teams of researchers during world war ii", "0K0FfmeinPI-00157-00034392-00034580": "the army prepared technical manuals on", "0K0FfmeinPI-00158-00034581-00034718": "certain items of enemy equipment", "0K0FfmeinPI-00159-00034719-00034910": "included information about enemy", "0K0FfmeinPI-00160-00034911-00035084": "equipment in catalogs of enemy equipment", "0K0FfmeinPI-00161-00035085-00035273": "and in handbooks about foreign forces", "0K0FfmeinPI-00162-00035274-00035456": "and published technical intelligence in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00163-00035457-00036017": "various reports", "0K0FfmeinPI-00164-00036018-00036904": "topic tactical agencies", "0K0FfmeinPI-00165-00036905-00037535": "topic United States the primary", "0K0FfmeinPI-00166-00037536-00037706": "technical intelligence agencies of the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00167-00037707-00038185": "United States government are", "0K0FfmeinPI-00168-00038186-00038715": "topic Department of Defense units", "0K0FfmeinPI-00169-00038716-00038962": "Defense Intelligence Agency is the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00170-00038963-00039130": "primary intelligence agency of the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00171-00039131-00039370": "Department of Defense it is charged with", "0K0FfmeinPI-00172-00039371-00039538": "providing military intelligence to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00173-00039539-00039739": "policy makers war fighters and defense", "0K0FfmeinPI-00174-00039740-00039907": "planners in the department as well as to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00175-00039908-00040063": "national level consumers in the United", "0K0FfmeinPI-00176-00040064-00040336": "States intelligence community the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00177-00040337-00040526": "missile and space intelligence center", "0K0FfmeinPI-00178-00040527-00040738": "Redstone Arsenal L which is a unit of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00179-00040739-00040976": "the Defense Intelligence Agency MSCI is", "0K0FfmeinPI-00180-00040977-00041155": "charged with producing scientific and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00181-00041156-00041338": "technological intelligence on adversary", "0K0FfmeinPI-00182-00041339-00041518": "surface-to-air missiles Sam's and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00183-00041519-00041704": "ballistic missile systems with ranges", "0K0FfmeinPI-00184-00041705-00042001": "less than 1,000 kilometers National", "0K0FfmeinPI-00185-00042002-00042235": "Center for medical intelligence NC mi at", "0K0FfmeinPI-00186-00042236-00042454": "Fort Detrick MD which is a unit of the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00187-00042455-00042766": "Defense Intelligence Agency AFM IC is", "0K0FfmeinPI-00188-00042767-00042952": "the only organization in the world with", "0K0FfmeinPI-00189-00042953-00043123": "this comprehensive medical intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00190-00043124-00043366": "mission as such it has a diverse", "0K0FfmeinPI-00191-00043367-00043546": "customer base from operational and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00192-00043547-00043732": "tactical commanders preventive medicine", "0K0FfmeinPI-00193-00043733-00043891": "personnel and medical planners and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00194-00043892-00044057": "researchers to the policy makers in the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00195-00044058-00044207": "dot the White House staff and other", "0K0FfmeinPI-00196-00044208-00044608": "federal agencies topic armed services", "0K0FfmeinPI-00197-00044609-00044737": "units the national ground Intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00198-00044738-00044974": "Center Albemarle County Virginia", "0K0FfmeinPI-00199-00044975-00045133": "just north of Charlottesville which is a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00200-00045134-00045280": "subordinate to the US Army Intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00201-00045281-00045631": "and Security Command the ng IC provides", "0K0FfmeinPI-00202-00045632-00045820": "scientific and technical intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00203-00045821-00046027": "SNT i and general military intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00204-00046028-00046261": "GMI on foreign ground forces in support", "0K0FfmeinPI-00205-00046262-00046438": "of military commanders force and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00206-00046439-00046612": "materiel developers Department of the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00207-00046613-00046819": "Army Department of Defense and national", "0K0FfmeinPI-00208-00046820-00047071": "level decision-makers the National Air", "0K0FfmeinPI-00209-00047072-00047194": "and Space Intelligence Center", "0K0FfmeinPI-00210-00047195-00047404": "wright-patterson Oh which is subordinate", "0K0FfmeinPI-00211-00047405-00047587": "to the US Air Force Air Intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00212-00047588-00047920": "Agency in an extension of t ec h int", "0K0FfmeinPI-00213-00047921-00048079": "predecessors of the National Air and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00214-00048080-00048262": "Space Intelligence Center were involved", "0K0FfmeinPI-00215-00048263-00048427": "in the search for unidentified flying", "0K0FfmeinPI-00216-00048428-00048814": "objects in the 1950s and 1960s a section", "0K0FfmeinPI-00217-00048815-00048923": "in the Office of Naval Intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00218-00048924-00049111": "handles technical intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00219-00049112-00049357": "activities for the US Navy those", "0K0FfmeinPI-00220-00049358-00049546": "activities were formally carried out by", "0K0FfmeinPI-00221-00049547-00049732": "the Naval Intelligence Service Center in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00222-00049733-00049942": "Suitland MD and by its successor the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00223-00049943-00050534": "naval technical Intelligence Center", "0K0FfmeinPI-00224-00050535-00051135": "topic national intelligence units the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00225-00051136-00051348": "National Security Agency at Fort Meade", "0K0FfmeinPI-00226-00051349-00051551": "Maryland the scientific and technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00227-00051552-00051752": "analysis on foreign communications and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00228-00051753-00051929": "communications security equipment as", "0K0FfmeinPI-00229-00051930-00052596": "well as foreign research in these areas", "0K0FfmeinPI-00230-00052597-00052891": "topic historical examples of field", "0K0FfmeinPI-00231-00052891-00053461": "technical intelligence see operation", "0K0FfmeinPI-00232-00053462-00053641": "biting for information on a British raid", "0K0FfmeinPI-00233-00053641-00053812": "to capture German radar for technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00234-00053813-00054085": "evaluation Harvey Jones was the leading", "0K0FfmeinPI-00235-00054086-00054250": "World War two British expert on", "0K0FfmeinPI-00236-00054251-00054496": "electronic warfare he was one of the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00237-00054497-00054811": "primary analysts of the Oslo report u.s.", "0K0FfmeinPI-00238-00054812-00054964": "programs at the end of World War two", "0K0FfmeinPI-00239-00054965-00055138": "included historical technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00240-00055139-00055336": "intelligence programs include Operation", "0K0FfmeinPI-00241-00055337-00055525": "Paperclip the general program directed", "0K0FfmeinPI-00242-00055526-00055699": "at German scientists and engineers at", "0K0FfmeinPI-00243-00055700-00055936": "the end of World War two it is most", "0K0FfmeinPI-00244-00055937-00056139": "often associated with rocket science", "0K0FfmeinPI-00245-00056140-00056379": "other contemporary efforts included", "0K0FfmeinPI-00246-00056380-00056590": "operation also focusing on nuclear", "0K0FfmeinPI-00247-00056591-00056761": "science and engineering and operation", "0K0FfmeinPI-00248-00056762-00057425": "lusty devoted to aerodynamics", "0K0FfmeinPI-00249-00057426-00058097": "topic use of enemy material in the field", "0K0FfmeinPI-00250-00058098-00058265": "troops involved in technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00251-00058266-00058421": "intelligence operations have used", "0K0FfmeinPI-00252-00058422-00058567": "knowledge of foreign material to put", "0K0FfmeinPI-00253-00058569-00058865": "enemy equipment to use for example army", "0K0FfmeinPI-00254-00058866-00059044": "troops use German military telephone", "0K0FfmeinPI-00255-00059045-00059198": "wire and medical supplies to aid", "0K0FfmeinPI-00256-00059199-00059449": "civilians in France during World War two", "0K0FfmeinPI-00257-00059450-00059747": "similarly Joseph Smith who edited small", "0K0FfmeinPI-00258-00059748-00059990": "arms of the world in the 1960s reported", "0K0FfmeinPI-00259-00059991-00060166": "that the US Army captured a large supply", "0K0FfmeinPI-00260-00060167-00060350": "of German mortar ammunition in France", "0K0FfmeinPI-00261-00060351-00060473": "during World War two", "0K0FfmeinPI-00262-00060474-00060667": "it was discovered that the German", "0K0FfmeinPI-00263-00060669-00060826": "ammunition could be fired from u.s.", "0K0FfmeinPI-00264-00060827-00061081": "mortars troops in the field prepared a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00265-00061082-00061259": "firing table for the American mortar", "0K0FfmeinPI-00266-00061260-00061472": "firing German ammunition by test firing", "0K0FfmeinPI-00267-00061473-00062047": "the German ammunition", "0K0FfmeinPI-00268-00062048-00062708": "topic national level policy the US", "0K0FfmeinPI-00269-00062709-00062954": "economic Espionage Act of 1996", "0K0FfmeinPI-00270-00062954-00063173": "criminalizes two kinds of activity which", "0K0FfmeinPI-00271-00063174-00063350": "may be done either by foreign powers for", "0K0FfmeinPI-00272-00063351-00064180": "18 USC Section 1831 to 1836 tenth the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00273-00064182-00064334": "Act addresses an international problem", "0K0FfmeinPI-00274-00064335-00064484": "but not all countries regard", "0K0FfmeinPI-00275-00064485-00064670": "unauthorized technology transfer as", "0K0FfmeinPI-00276-00064671-00064814": "illegal when done for commercial", "0K0FfmeinPI-00277-00064815-00065069": "purposes technology transfer that", "0K0FfmeinPI-00278-00065070-00065213": "involves militarily critical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00279-00065214-00065401": "technologies are more commonly a matter", "0K0FfmeinPI-00280-00065402-00065618": "this law contains two provisions", "0K0FfmeinPI-00281-00065619-00065845": "criminalizing two sorts of activity", "0K0FfmeinPI-00282-00065846-00066080": "theft of trade secrets to benefit", "0K0FfmeinPI-00283-00066081-00066320": "foreign powers theft of trade secrets", "0K0FfmeinPI-00284-00066321-00066530": "for commercial purpose categorizing an", "0K0FfmeinPI-00285-00066531-00066716": "individual act can be complex as some", "0K0FfmeinPI-00286-00066717-00066872": "national intelligence services have", "0K0FfmeinPI-00287-00066873-00067022": "provided scientific and technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00288-00067023-00067211": "intelligence to private firms based in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00289-00067212-00067427": "their countries it becomes even more", "0K0FfmeinPI-00290-00067428-00067607": "complex when the information is provided", "0K0FfmeinPI-00291-00067608-00067802": "to an organization partially or fully", "0K0FfmeinPI-00292-00067803-00067955": "owned by that government and that", "0K0FfmeinPI-00293-00067956-00068132": "organization competes in commercial", "0K0FfmeinPI-00294-00068133-00068396": "markets other complexities arise when", "0K0FfmeinPI-00295-00068397-00068579": "the information is not actually stolen", "0K0FfmeinPI-00296-00068580-00068687": "but where the foreign intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00297-00068688-00068915": "service or business buys one copy of a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00298-00068916-00069095": "high-technology product and then reverse", "0K0FfmeinPI-00299-00069096-00069281": "engineers its technology to use in its", "0K0FfmeinPI-00300-00069282-00069557": "own products end-user license agreements", "0K0FfmeinPI-00301-00069558-00069725": "for bidding reverse engineering a common", "0K0FfmeinPI-00302-00069726-00069875": "in software but less so in other", "0K0FfmeinPI-00303-00069876-00070175": "business areas violation of export", "0K0FfmeinPI-00304-00070176-00070355": "controls may overlap with information", "0K0FfmeinPI-00305-00070356-00070553": "acquisition or the exported equipment or", "0K0FfmeinPI-00306-00070554-00070709": "materials may themselves be things", "0K0FfmeinPI-00307-00070710-00070865": "difficult for the offending country to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00308-00070866-00071126": "produce according to the US National", "0K0FfmeinPI-00309-00071127-00071438": "counterintelligence executive NCIX 108", "0K0FfmeinPI-00310-00071439-00071621": "countries tried to obtain us technology", "0K0FfmeinPI-00311-00071622-00071969": "in fiscal year 2005 most of the effort", "0K0FfmeinPI-00312-00071970-00072164": "however centered around a small number", "0K0FfmeinPI-00313-00072165-00072479": "of countries NCIX named China and Russia", "0K0FfmeinPI-00314-00072480-00072674": "among this small number just as they", "0K0FfmeinPI-00315-00072675-00072893": "have since the CI community first began", "0K0FfmeinPI-00316-00072894-00073067": "systematically tracking foreign", "0K0FfmeinPI-00317-00073068-00073481": "technology collection efforts in 1997 by", "0K0FfmeinPI-00318-00073482-00073703": "no means however is the u.s. the only", "0K0FfmeinPI-00319-00073704-00073898": "target nor a China and Russia the only", "0K0FfmeinPI-00320-00073899-00074045": "countries trying to obtain such", "0K0FfmeinPI-00321-00074046-00074402": "information in 2003 Sweden expelled two", "0K0FfmeinPI-00322-00074403-00074588": "Russian diplomats over accusations of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00323-00074589-00074792": "spying at Ericsson a major electronics", "0K0FfmeinPI-00324-00074793-00074957": "manufacturer whose products include", "0K0FfmeinPI-00325-00074958-00075119": "avionics for Swedish grip and fighter", "0K0FfmeinPI-00326-00075120-00075194": "aircraft", "0K0FfmeinPI-00327-00075195-00075419": "even more sensitive however is", "0K0FfmeinPI-00328-00075420-00075560": "scientific and technical information", "0K0FfmeinPI-00329-00075561-00075838": "gathering by allies such as Japan France", "0K0FfmeinPI-00330-00075839-00076385": "and Israel", "0K0FfmeinPI-00331-00076386-00076643": "topic collection techniques at the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00332-00076644-00077045": "national level", "0K0FfmeinPI-00333-00077046-00077249": "in contrast with tactical technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00334-00077250-00077450": "intelligence national level science and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00335-00077451-00077624": "technology information tends to come", "0K0FfmeinPI-00336-00077625-00077786": "less from capture of foreign equipment", "0K0FfmeinPI-00337-00077787-00078007": "and more from hu M int or creative", "0K0FfmeinPI-00338-00078008-00078230": "business relationships there are some", "0K0FfmeinPI-00339-00078231-00078371": "national level attempts to salvage", "0K0FfmeinPI-00340-00078372-00078538": "foreign equipment such as project", "0K0FfmeinPI-00341-00078539-00078734": "Jennifer a complex and clandestine", "0K0FfmeinPI-00342-00078735-00078907": "attempt to recover a sunken Soviet", "0K0FfmeinPI-00343-00078908-00079405": "submarine", "0K0FfmeinPI-00344-00079406-00080063": "topic issues in national policy Porteous", "0K0FfmeinPI-00345-00080064-00080231": "raises the question is commercially", "0K0FfmeinPI-00346-00080232-00080453": "oriented economic scientific technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00347-00080454-00080705": "espionage efficient he observes that", "0K0FfmeinPI-00348-00080706-00080870": "some claim intelligence obtained through", "0K0FfmeinPI-00349-00080871-00081107": "economic espionage would be tactically", "0K0FfmeinPI-00350-00081108-00081350": "useless for a number of reasons", "0K0FfmeinPI-00351-00081351-00081548": "typically the barriers to potential", "0K0FfmeinPI-00352-00081549-00081674": "efficiency are related to an", "0K0FfmeinPI-00353-00081675-00081851": "intelligence agency lack of knowledge of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00354-00081852-00081998": "a subject area and two problems", "0K0FfmeinPI-00355-00081999-00082160": "associated with the dissemination of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00356-00082161-00082376": "intelligence once acquired these", "0K0FfmeinPI-00357-00082377-00082562": "arguments tend to come from individuals", "0K0FfmeinPI-00358-00082563-00082769": "who at the same time argue for or accept", "0K0FfmeinPI-00359-00082770-00082898": "the need for government to defend", "0K0FfmeinPI-00360-00082899-00083123": "against economic espionage engaged in by", "0K0FfmeinPI-00361-00083124-00083345": "other governments it is difficult to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00362-00083346-00083534": "support these points simultaneously if", "0K0FfmeinPI-00363-00083535-00083819": "economic espionage is tactically useless", "0K0FfmeinPI-00364-00083820-00084035": "it is similarly useless to foreign", "0K0FfmeinPI-00365-00084036-00084182": "governments that practice it and thus", "0K0FfmeinPI-00366-00084183-00084371": "need not be defended against he counters", "0K0FfmeinPI-00367-00084372-00084526": "the argument that lack of direct", "0K0FfmeinPI-00368-00084527-00084725": "knowledge of a certain business or its", "0K0FfmeinPI-00369-00084726-00084896": "technology has been cited as a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00370-00084897-00085103": "significant obstacle to intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00371-00085104-00085357": "services engaging in economic espionage", "0K0FfmeinPI-00372-00085358-00085646": "yet during the Cold War intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00373-00085647-00085850": "services spent significant amounts of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00374-00085851-00086075": "time and energy with some success trying", "0K0FfmeinPI-00375-00086076-00086257": "to obtain intelligence on various", "0K0FfmeinPI-00376-00086258-00086468": "complex military technologies of which", "0K0FfmeinPI-00377-00086469-00086630": "the case officers would not have had a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00378-00086631-00086891": "profound knowledge if intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00379-00086892-00087089": "services were trusted to obtain such", "0K0FfmeinPI-00380-00087090-00087329": "information a shift of focus to complex", "0K0FfmeinPI-00381-00087330-00087536": "commercial technologies and intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00382-00087537-00087779": "would not be unthinkable the same", "0K0FfmeinPI-00383-00087780-00087965": "techniques used to obtain military", "0K0FfmeinPI-00384-00087966-00088139": "secrets could be turned to complex", "0K0FfmeinPI-00385-00088140-00088337": "commercial technologies or strategies", "0K0FfmeinPI-00386-00088338-00088660": "without too much difficulty", "0K0FfmeinPI-00387-00088661-00088855": "another efficiency argument deals with", "0K0FfmeinPI-00388-00088856-00088996": "the security of dissemination to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00389-00088997-00089236": "industry national characteristics will", "0K0FfmeinPI-00390-00089237-00089374": "be different here industry government", "0K0FfmeinPI-00391-00089375-00089566": "partnerships for example a far more", "0K0FfmeinPI-00392-00089567-00089755": "routine in Japan than in the United", "0K0FfmeinPI-00393-00089756-00090037": "States u.s. consortium been open to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00394-00090038-00090196": "foreign firms and many have shut down", "0K0FfmeinPI-00395-00090197-00090391": "such as the micro electronics and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00396-00090392-00090571": "computer technology corporation in the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00397-00090572-00090799": "corporation for open systems in OSI and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00398-00090800-00090859": "ISDN", "0K0FfmeinPI-00399-00090860-00091119": "networking some such as the open", "0K0FfmeinPI-00400-00091120-00091285": "Software Foundation merged with other", "0K0FfmeinPI-00401-00091286-00091494": "groups and wound up being international", "0K0FfmeinPI-00402-00091495-00091738": "Porteous observed the existence of means", "0K0FfmeinPI-00403-00091739-00091906": "to reduce dissemination difficulties", "0K0FfmeinPI-00404-00091907-00092128": "will not erase them problems will", "0K0FfmeinPI-00405-00092129-00092319": "inevitably arise those countries", "0K0FfmeinPI-00406-00092320-00092503": "considering engaging in or expanding", "0K0FfmeinPI-00407-00092504-00092671": "their practice of economic espionage", "0K0FfmeinPI-00408-00092672-00092824": "would be well advised to consider the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00409-00092825-00092980": "alleged experience of France in this", "0K0FfmeinPI-00410-00092981-00093250": "area it has recently been suggested that", "0K0FfmeinPI-00411-00093251-00093426": "the embarrassing release of information", "0K0FfmeinPI-00412-00093427-00093604": "indicating French intelligence service", "0K0FfmeinPI-00413-00093605-00093775": "targeting of American companies which", "0K0FfmeinPI-00414-00093776-00093922": "triggered an American boycott of the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00415-00093923-00094056": "Paris Air Show was the work of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00416-00094057-00094309": "disgruntled French firms the companies", "0K0FfmeinPI-00417-00094310-00094486": "responsible for releasing the material", "0K0FfmeinPI-00418-00094487-00094624": "to the press apparently were unhappy", "0K0FfmeinPI-00419-00094625-00094786": "with what they saw as the tendency of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00420-00094787-00094924": "the French intelligence service", "0K0FfmeinPI-00421-00094925-00095071": "direction generale de la securite", "0K0FfmeinPI-00422-00095072-00095374": "exterior DGSE to favor some french firms", "0K0FfmeinPI-00423-00095375-00095550": "over others in distributing material", "0K0FfmeinPI-00424-00095551-00095754": "obtained through economic espionage the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00425-00095755-00095980": "incident reportedly called relations", "0K0FfmeinPI-00426-00095981-00096187": "between the DGSE and certain elements of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00427-00096188-00096708": "french industry", "0K0FfmeinPI-00428-00096709-00097212": "topic collection techniques", "0K0FfmeinPI-00429-00097213-00097456": "perhaps most common are operations that", "0K0FfmeinPI-00430-00097457-00097660": "exploit business relationships including", "0K0FfmeinPI-00431-00097661-00097810": "the marketing and sales phase", "0K0FfmeinPI-00432-00097811-00098029": "there are also efforts targeted at", "0K0FfmeinPI-00433-00098030-00098236": "individuals with sensitive knowledge the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00434-00098237-00098449": "NCIX said the easiest techniques can be", "0K0FfmeinPI-00435-00098450-00098761": "straight forward including simply asking", "0K0FfmeinPI-00436-00098762-00099019": "companies for classified sensitive or", "0K0FfmeinPI-00437-00099020-00099286": "export controlled information in some", "0K0FfmeinPI-00438-00099287-00099487": "cases a single would be foreign buyer", "0K0FfmeinPI-00439-00099488-00099688": "sent out multiple requests to a variety", "0K0FfmeinPI-00440-00099689-00099934": "of US companies searching for a seller", "0K0FfmeinPI-00441-00099935-00100120": "willing to ignore or bend export", "0K0FfmeinPI-00442-00100121-00100501": "licensing requirements joint ventures", "0K0FfmeinPI-00443-00100502-00100642": "perhaps not even on the target", "0K0FfmeinPI-00444-00100643-00100807": "technology but to bring intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00445-00100808-00100972": "collectors in contact with people or", "0K0FfmeinPI-00446-00100973-00101169": "facilities with sensitive information", "0K0FfmeinPI-00447-00101170-00101383": "offshoring work from the country with", "0K0FfmeinPI-00448-00101384-00101557": "the technology to other countries where", "0K0FfmeinPI-00449-00101558-00101719": "protection may be more difficult is", "0K0FfmeinPI-00450-00101720-00101971": "another approach offering support", "0K0FfmeinPI-00451-00101972-00102172": "services to facilities or contractors", "0K0FfmeinPI-00452-00102173-00102295": "with sensitive information", "0K0FfmeinPI-00453-00102296-00102496": "these can include technical support", "0K0FfmeinPI-00454-00102497-00102679": "services such as assembly and testing", "0K0FfmeinPI-00455-00102680-00102885": "but also services as mundane as trash", "0K0FfmeinPI-00456-00102886-00103072": "collection hoping the trash may contain", "0K0FfmeinPI-00457-00103073-00103236": "information and adequately shredded or", "0K0FfmeinPI-00458-00103238-00103480": "otherwise destroyed even outsourced to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00459-00103481-00103659": "administrative services such as payroll", "0K0FfmeinPI-00460-00103660-00103831": "can give clues to which individuals", "0K0FfmeinPI-00461-00103832-00104040": "might be targets for approaches", "0K0FfmeinPI-00462-00104041-00104230": "conventions and trade shows of course", "0K0FfmeinPI-00463-00104231-00104503": "offer information it can be quite easy", "0K0FfmeinPI-00464-00104504-00104733": "to enter a show for the industry only", "0K0FfmeinPI-00465-00104733-00104953": "although more difficult if the event", "0K0FfmeinPI-00466-00104954-00105174": "requires a verified security clearance", "0K0FfmeinPI-00467-00105175-00105427": "use of spyware or other malicious", "0K0FfmeinPI-00468-00105428-00105565": "hacking techniques to penetrate", "0K0FfmeinPI-00469-00105566-00105754": "information systems and other category", "0K0FfmeinPI-00470-00105755-00105892": "starts with agreements of which the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00471-00105893-00106069": "hosting government is fully aware but", "0K0FfmeinPI-00472-00106070-00106213": "that may be enforced more or less", "0K0FfmeinPI-00473-00106214-00106447": "stringently in specific cases since the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00474-00106448-00106710": "mid-1980s development production and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00475-00106711-00106906": "marketing of weapon systems has been", "0K0FfmeinPI-00476-00106907-00107119": "increasingly internationalized through", "0K0FfmeinPI-00477-00107120-00107272": "government-sponsored cooperative", "0K0FfmeinPI-00478-00107273-00107494": "development programs and various kinds", "0K0FfmeinPI-00479-00107495-00107677": "of industrial linkages including", "0K0FfmeinPI-00480-00107678-00107881": "international subcontracting and teaming", "0K0FfmeinPI-00481-00107882-00108043": "arrangements joint ventures and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00482-00108044-00108273": "cross-border mergers and acquisitions", "0K0FfmeinPI-00483-00108274-00108550": "foreign companies have acquired many US", "0K0FfmeinPI-00484-00108551-00108742": "defense companies and have legitimate", "0K0FfmeinPI-00485-00108743-00108994": "business interests in them the US", "0K0FfmeinPI-00486-00108995-00109156": "government allows such foreign", "0K0FfmeinPI-00487-00109157-00109354": "investment as long as it is consistent", "0K0FfmeinPI-00488-00109355-00109650": "with US national security interests", "0K0FfmeinPI-00489-00109651-00109873": "multinational programs may be even more", "0K0FfmeinPI-00490-00109874-00109981": "common in Europe", "0K0FfmeinPI-00491-00109982-00110235": "as panavia UK Germany Italy and Airbus", "0K0FfmeinPI-00492-00110236-00110452": "Germany France Spain but operating under", "0K0FfmeinPI-00493-00110453-00110707": "Dutch law there are also enterprises", "0K0FfmeinPI-00494-00110708-00110883": "owned by a combination of industry and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00495-00110884-00111033": "government such as the French sales", "0K0FfmeinPI-00496-00111034-00111319": "group foreign intelligence services or", "0K0FfmeinPI-00497-00111320-00111481": "foreign companies may still try to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00498-00111482-00112031": "recruit individuals", "0K0FfmeinPI-00499-00112032-00112308": "topic allegations of intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00500-00112308-00112845": "collection at the national level nations", "0K0FfmeinPI-00501-00112846-00113000": "often claim that each is trying to get", "0K0FfmeinPI-00502-00113001-00113196": "economically significant scientific and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00503-00113197-00113327": "technical information to file", "0K0FfmeinPI-00504-00113328-00113489": "counterclaims of each spying on the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00505-00113490-00113733": "other one conflict comes from the fact", "0K0FfmeinPI-00506-00113733-00113900": "that some normal business practices in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00507-00113901-00114048": "other countries are considered illegal", "0K0FfmeinPI-00508-00114049-00114239": "by the United States nations have", "0K0FfmeinPI-00509-00114240-00114383": "different views of what constitutes", "0K0FfmeinPI-00510-00114384-00114531": "offensive and defensive economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00511-00114532-00114752": "intelligence decisions informed by the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00512-00114753-00114911": "provision of economic intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00513-00114913-00115112": "ranged from determining whether to raise", "0K0FfmeinPI-00514-00115113-00115301": "interest rates to the proper stance to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00515-00115302-00115525": "take in contentious trade negotiations", "0K0FfmeinPI-00516-00115526-00115797": "this type of intelligence support to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00517-00115798-00115991": "government decision-makers is generally", "0K0FfmeinPI-00518-00115992-00116177": "accepted as a legitimate function of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00519-00116178-00116459": "state intelligence services related", "0K0FfmeinPI-00520-00116460-00116663": "intelligence services that go beyond the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00521-00116664-00116847": "mere collection of information and aim", "0K0FfmeinPI-00522-00116848-00117072": "to influence events directly either at a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00523-00117073-00117273": "macroeconomic or firm level are", "0K0FfmeinPI-00524-00117274-00117509": "understandably more controversial citing", "0K0FfmeinPI-00525-00117510-00117728": "a u.s. example Porteous describes a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00526-00117729-00118184": "useful distinction the CIA recently", "0K0FfmeinPI-00527-00118185-00118454": "distinguished between intelligence used", "0K0FfmeinPI-00528-00118455-00118702": "to inform government policymakers and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00529-00118703-00118925": "intelligence used to influence events at", "0K0FfmeinPI-00530-00118926-00119094": "the firm level to differentiate their", "0K0FfmeinPI-00531-00119095-00119271": "economic intelligence activities in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00532-00119272-00119445": "France from the direct industry support", "0K0FfmeinPI-00533-00119446-00119595": "activities in which French intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00534-00119596-00119907": "had engaged in the USA he cites the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00535-00119908-00120093": "former category intending to inform", "0K0FfmeinPI-00536-00120094-00120258": "government officials as where the CIA", "0K0FfmeinPI-00537-00120258-00120468": "was allegedly supporting the formulation", "0K0FfmeinPI-00538-00120469-00120653": "of American trade policy with regard to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00539-00120654-00120858": "negotiations concerning audio-visual", "0K0FfmeinPI-00540-00120858-00121085": "matters at the GATT this was reportedly", "0K0FfmeinPI-00541-00121086-00121197": "done through the provision of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00542-00121198-00121374": "clandestinely obtained intelligence on", "0K0FfmeinPI-00543-00121375-00121586": "the French bargaining position the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00544-00121587-00121749": "Americans argued that this support to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00545-00121750-00121908": "government decision-makers was well", "0K0FfmeinPI-00546-00121908-00122084": "within the bounds of tolerable espionage", "0K0FfmeinPI-00547-00122085-00122501": "behavior quote the Americans contrasted", "0K0FfmeinPI-00548-00122502-00122654": "this with alleged French intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00549-00122655-00122844": "activities in support of French", "0K0FfmeinPI-00550-00122845-00123014": "commercial actors through directly", "0K0FfmeinPI-00551-00123015-00123195": "transmitting clandestinely obtained", "0K0FfmeinPI-00552-00123196-00123408": "proprietary information from American", "0K0FfmeinPI-00553-00123408-00123701": "companies was not in 1994 Porteous", "0K0FfmeinPI-00554-00123702-00123875": "suggested that there may be a shift in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00555-00123876-00124056": "the country's most eager to engage in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00556-00124057-00124237": "this sort of intelligence gathering", "0K0FfmeinPI-00557-00124238-00124521": "quite early on the French and the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00558-00124522-00124674": "Russians were presented in most North", "0K0FfmeinPI-00559-00124675-00124824": "American analyses as the primary", "0K0FfmeinPI-00560-00124825-00125111": "practitioners of economic espionage now", "0K0FfmeinPI-00561-00125112-00125292": "in a realignment perhaps more", "0K0FfmeinPI-00562-00125293-00125486": "- today's geopolitical realities this", "0K0FfmeinPI-00563-00125488-00125655": "dubious status is being transferred to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00564-00125656-00125814": "the Japanese and emerging Asian", "0K0FfmeinPI-00565-00125815-00126086": "economies in a recent article in the Far", "0K0FfmeinPI-00566-00126088-00126311": "Eastern Economic Review FBI officials", "0K0FfmeinPI-00567-00126313-00126489": "stated 57 countries are running", "0K0FfmeinPI-00568-00126490-00126678": "operations to obtain information out of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00569-00126679-00126933": "Silicon Valley these same officials were", "0K0FfmeinPI-00570-00126933-00127116": "quoted as labeling Asian governments and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00571-00127117-00127332": "multinationals particularly Japan Taiwan", "0K0FfmeinPI-00572-00127333-00127550": "and South Korea as the chief culprits", "0K0FfmeinPI-00573-00127551-00127776": "there are differences in economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00574-00127777-00128022": "culture between Europe and Asia where", "0K0FfmeinPI-00575-00128023-00128139": "European industry government", "0K0FfmeinPI-00576-00128140-00128336": "partnerships tend to be very formally", "0K0FfmeinPI-00577-00128338-00128526": "defined the asian ones are more fluid", "0K0FfmeinPI-00578-00128527-00128781": "the prospect of huge Asian multinational", "0K0FfmeinPI-00579-00128782-00128960": "corporations with their definite but", "0K0FfmeinPI-00580-00128961-00129156": "elusive relationship with government", "0K0FfmeinPI-00581-00129157-00129372": "engaging in industrial or economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00582-00129373-00129600": "espionage may open new debates on when", "0K0FfmeinPI-00583-00129601-00129768": "and how intelligence services should", "0K0FfmeinPI-00584-00129769-00130032": "intervene in these cases for while", "0K0FfmeinPI-00585-00130033-00130203": "European states move towards", "0K0FfmeinPI-00586-00130204-00130435": "privatization albeit retaining her", "0K0FfmeinPI-00587-00130436-00130733": "golden share in many cases there is", "0K0FfmeinPI-00588-00130734-00130905": "little sign of a lessening of links", "0K0FfmeinPI-00589-00130906-00131076": "between business and government in the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00590-00131077-00131277": "high-growth communitarian societies of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00591-00131278-00131595": "Asia the imminent emergence of powerful", "0K0FfmeinPI-00592-00131596-00131772": "Chinese multinationals out of the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00593-00131773-00132051": "so-called socialist market economy of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00594-00132052-00132276": "China will only increase this trend it", "0K0FfmeinPI-00595-00132277-00132453": "can reasonably be surmised that there is", "0K0FfmeinPI-00596-00132454-00132579": "a degree of economic intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00597-00132580-00132723": "gathering among most or all", "0K0FfmeinPI-00598-00132724-00132996": "industrialized nations merely because", "0K0FfmeinPI-00599-00132997-00133182": "the country in the list below complains", "0K0FfmeinPI-00600-00133183-00133338": "of intelligence gathering against it", "0K0FfmeinPI-00601-00133339-00133470": "should not be interpreted as meaning", "0K0FfmeinPI-00602-00133471-00133644": "that country's intelligence service does", "0K0FfmeinPI-00603-00133645-00133791": "not collect information from other", "0K0FfmeinPI-00604-00133792-00134266": "countries", "0K0FfmeinPI-00605-00134267-00134867": "topic Canada Porteous mentions that in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00606-00134868-00135074": "Montreal two members of the Stasi the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00607-00135075-00135203": "former East German secret police", "0K0FfmeinPI-00608-00135204-00135392": "explained how they used phony work", "0K0FfmeinPI-00609-00135393-00135692": "records from sympathetic companies to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00610-00135693-00135869": "gain employment that targeted Canadian", "0K0FfmeinPI-00611-00135870-00136193": "companies he speculated in 1993 in the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00612-00136194-00136394": "near future it is conceivable that the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00613-00136395-00136565": "UK would share more economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00614-00136566-00136781": "intelligence with fellow EC members than", "0K0FfmeinPI-00615-00136782-00136922": "it would with Canada or the United", "0K0FfmeinPI-00616-00136923-00137261": "States on the other hand the USA would", "0K0FfmeinPI-00617-00137262-00137450": "be more likely to share its economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00618-00137451-00137633": "intelligence with its fellow FTA and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00619-00137634-00137996": "NAFTA members while there has been no", "0K0FfmeinPI-00620-00137997-00138158": "official Canadian statement about", "0K0FfmeinPI-00621-00138159-00138338": "targeting scientific technical and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00622-00138339-00138539": "economic intelligence the communications", "0K0FfmeinPI-00623-00138540-00138785": "security establishment CSE the Canadian", "0K0FfmeinPI-00624-00138786-00139142": "sigi NT agency advertised for university", "0K0FfmeinPI-00625-00139143-00139358": "graduates for analyst positions noting", "0K0FfmeinPI-00626-00139359-00139586": "that graduation in fields such as", "0K0FfmeinPI-00627-00139587-00139760": "economics international business", "0K0FfmeinPI-00628-00139761-00140462": "commerce would be an asset", "0K0FfmeinPI-00629-00140463-00141069": "topic China China has also warned it's", "0K0FfmeinPI-00630-00141070-00141258": "people about foreigners seeking economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00631-00141259-00141402": "intelligence in this instance the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00632-00141403-00141591": "Chinese government felt 1,000 year old", "0K0FfmeinPI-00633-00141592-00141771": "remedies and ancient healing techniques", "0K0FfmeinPI-00634-00141772-00142289": "required protection", "0K0FfmeinPI-00635-00142290-00142884": "topic France France in the u.s. have", "0K0FfmeinPI-00636-00142885-00143034": "accused one another of economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00637-00143035-00143238": "scientific and technical espionage at", "0K0FfmeinPI-00638-00143239-00143517": "the national level a US Senator William", "0K0FfmeinPI-00639-00143518-00143676": "Cohan accused the French of hiding", "0K0FfmeinPI-00640-00143677-00143853": "listening devices on Air France flights", "0K0FfmeinPI-00641-00143854-00144021": "in order to pick up useful economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00642-00144022-00144245": "information from business travelers in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00643-00144246-00144536": "1993 the CIA warned US aircraft", "0K0FfmeinPI-00644-00144537-00144732": "manufacturers to be on the lookout for", "0K0FfmeinPI-00645-00144733-00144951": "French spies at the Paris Air Show and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00646-00144952-00145131": "intelligence officials have claimed that", "0K0FfmeinPI-00647-00145132-00145332": "France regularly sponsors the theft of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00648-00145333-00145644": "information from US companies France", "0K0FfmeinPI-00649-00145645-00145791": "declared several US intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00650-00145792-00146010": "officers persona non grata for alleged", "0K0FfmeinPI-00651-00146011-00146205": "u.s. economic intelligence gathering", "0K0FfmeinPI-00652-00146206-00146382": "although night stated the US denied the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00653-00146383-00146604": "charges France according to Russell also", "0K0FfmeinPI-00654-00146605-00146817": "is a target the French former", "0K0FfmeinPI-00655-00146818-00147000": "intelligence official Alexandre de", "0K0FfmeinPI-00656-00147001-00147162": "morangias described the Japanese as", "0K0FfmeinPI-00657-00147163-00147366": "experts in economic espionage that the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00658-00147367-00147531": "Japanese government and industry have", "0K0FfmeinPI-00659-00147532-00147765": "close ties with each other the French", "0K0FfmeinPI-00660-00147766-00147960": "intelligence agency direction generale", "0K0FfmeinPI-00661-00147961-00148251": "de la securite exterior DGSE studies", "0K0FfmeinPI-00662-00148252-00148434": "Japanese intelligence operations abroad", "0K0FfmeinPI-00663-00148435-00148614": "trying to determine Japan's next", "0K0FfmeinPI-00664-00148615-00148842": "technology target according to de", "0K0FfmeinPI-00665-00148843-00149043": "morangias Japan examines the global", "0K0FfmeinPI-00666-00149044-00149220": "production situation determines which", "0K0FfmeinPI-00667-00149221-00149361": "country can satisfy their high", "0K0FfmeinPI-00668-00149362-00149511": "technology requirement and then", "0K0FfmeinPI-00669-00149512-00150096": "dispatches a collection delegation", "0K0FfmeinPI-00670-00150097-00150549": "topic Germany", "0K0FfmeinPI-00671-00150550-00150777": "German articles talk of American or", "0K0FfmeinPI-00672-00150778-00150945": "French use of signals intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00673-00150946-00151182": "sigi NT capacity to eavesdrop on", "0K0FfmeinPI-00674-00151183-00151575": "sensitive commercial transactions topic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00675-00151576-00151776": "Israel several sources describe Israel", "0K0FfmeinPI-00676-00151777-00151979": "as having energetic programs in economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00677-00151980-00152256": "and SMT I according to a command and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00678-00152257-00152465": "General Staff College thesis Israeli Air", "0K0FfmeinPI-00679-00152466-00152664": "Force intelligence tried to steal 14", "0K0FfmeinPI-00680-00152665-00152838": "boxes of corporate data from Recon", "0K0FfmeinPI-00681-00152839-00153006": "optical Inc a company that develops", "0K0FfmeinPI-00682-00153007-00153191": "optics and semiconductors used in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00683-00153192-00153423": "reconnaissance satellites data the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00684-00153424-00153614": "agents removed successfully before their", "0K0FfmeinPI-00685-00153615-00153779": "arrest went to the laboratories of the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00686-00153780-00153941": "Israeli company electro-optics", "0K0FfmeinPI-00687-00153942-00154178": "industries the government of Israel", "0K0FfmeinPI-00688-00154179-00154302": "continues efforts to field a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00689-00154303-00154425": "reconnaissance satellite with the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00690-00154426-00154565": "services of a prime contractor", "0K0FfmeinPI-00691-00154566-00155126": "electro-optics industries", "0K0FfmeinPI-00692-00155127-00155817": "topic Japan in the early 1980s the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00693-00155818-00156036": "companies Hitachi and Fujitsu and the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00694-00156037-00156225": "government agency the Ministry for", "0K0FfmeinPI-00695-00156226-00156420": "international trade and industry MIDI", "0K0FfmeinPI-00696-00156421-00156573": "were caught stealing corporate secrets", "0K0FfmeinPI-00697-00156574-00156812": "from IBM cray and Fairchild", "0K0FfmeinPI-00698-00156813-00157176": "semiconductors a 1987 Central", "0K0FfmeinPI-00699-00157177-00157590": "Intelligence Agency CIA report concluded", "0K0FfmeinPI-00700-00157591-00157710": "that 80 percent of all Japanese", "0K0FfmeinPI-00701-00157711-00157896": "government intelligence assets were", "0K0FfmeinPI-00702-00157897-00158070": "directed toward the United States and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00703-00158071-00158220": "Western Europe and concentrated on", "0K0FfmeinPI-00704-00158221-00158562": "acquiring secrets about technological", "0K0FfmeinPI-00705-00158563-00158937": "developments as of 1994 Japan operates", "0K0FfmeinPI-00706-00158938-00159129": "its economic collection bureaucracy in a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00707-00159130-00159264": "manner different from France", "0K0FfmeinPI-00708-00159265-00159489": "the Japanese government itself does not", "0K0FfmeinPI-00709-00159490-00159684": "provide large amounts of intelligence to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00710-00159685-00159939": "its corporations companies maintain", "0K0FfmeinPI-00711-00159940-00160086": "their own extensive intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00712-00160087-00160311": "gathering assets instead the Japanese", "0K0FfmeinPI-00713-00160312-00160482": "government provides direction and money", "0K0FfmeinPI-00714-00160483-00160611": "it also collects the information", "0K0FfmeinPI-00715-00160612-00160935": "provided to it by companies government", "0K0FfmeinPI-00716-00160936-00161130": "agencies the ministry for international", "0K0FfmeinPI-00717-00161131-00161325": "trade and industry MIDI and the Japanese", "0K0FfmeinPI-00718-00161326-00161532": "external trade organization JETRO", "0K0FfmeinPI-00719-00161533-00161721": "coordinate national economic collection", "0K0FfmeinPI-00720-00161722-00161910": "priorities provide access to foreign", "0K0FfmeinPI-00721-00161911-00162063": "countries through trade offices and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00722-00162064-00162213": "channel the intelligence they do collect", "0K0FfmeinPI-00723-00162214-00162456": "to the appropriate industry JETRO", "0K0FfmeinPI-00724-00162457-00162800": "operates 77 offices in 59 countries its", "0K0FfmeinPI-00725-00162801-00163029": "agents collect economic and technical", "0K0FfmeinPI-00726-00163030-00163208": "information and forwarded to MIDI", "0K0FfmeinPI-00727-00163209-00163491": "according to Japan 2000 a report", "0K0FfmeinPI-00728-00163492-00163635": "commissioned by the CIA", "0K0FfmeinPI-00729-00163636-00163812": "Japan's elaborate system for political", "0K0FfmeinPI-00730-00163813-00163992": "and economic intelligence is conducted", "0K0FfmeinPI-00731-00163993-00164136": "through the various trading companies", "0K0FfmeinPI-00732-00164137-00164826": "down to the office leave one quote quote", "0K0FfmeinPI-00733-00164827-00165409": "topic Republic of Korea South Korea", "0K0FfmeinPI-00734-00165410-00165700": "South Korea's equivalent of the CIA the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00735-00165701-00165925": "national security planning agency places", "0K0FfmeinPI-00736-00165926-00166087": "operatives in Korean companies like", "0K0FfmeinPI-00737-00166088-00166372": "Hyundai Samsung and the lucky group the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00738-00166373-00166528": "companies then post the agents to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00739-00166529-00166666": "foreign countries to forge close", "0K0FfmeinPI-00740-00166667-00166781": "contacts with their industrial", "0K0FfmeinPI-00741-00166782-00166975": "counterparts to gather technical and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00742-00166976-00167360": "financial information topic former", "0K0FfmeinPI-00743-00167361-00167546": "Soviet Union and Russia to address the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00744-00167547-00167759": "lag in technology Soviet authorities in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00745-00167760-00168008": "1970 reconstituted and invigorated the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00746-00168009-00168194": "USSR's intelligence collection for", "0K0FfmeinPI-00747-00168195-00168439": "science and technology the council of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00748-00168440-00168572": "ministers in the Central Committee", "0K0FfmeinPI-00749-00168573-00168790": "established a new unit directorate ii of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00750-00168791-00168995": "the KGB's first chief Directorate to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00751-00168996-00169172": "plumb the R&D programs of Western", "0K0FfmeinPI-00752-00169173-00169429": "economies the State Committee on science", "0K0FfmeinPI-00753-00169430-00169571": "and technology in the military", "0K0FfmeinPI-00754-00169572-00169718": "industrial commission were to provide", "0K0FfmeinPI-00755-00169719-00169888": "Directorate II and its operating arm", "0K0FfmeinPI-00756-00169889-00170047": "called line X with collection", "0K0FfmeinPI-00757-00170048-00170353": "requirements military intelligence GRU", "0K0FfmeinPI-00758-00170354-00170546": "the Soviet Academy of Sciences and the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00759-00170547-00170728": "State Committee for external relations", "0K0FfmeinPI-00760-00170729-00170909": "completed the list of participants the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00761-00170910-00171143": "bulk of collection was to be done by the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00762-00171144-00171407": "KGB and the GRU with extensive support", "0K0FfmeinPI-00763-00171408-00171538": "from the East European intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00764-00171539-00171850": "services eg in Poland Department I MSW", "0K0FfmeinPI-00765-00171851-00172111": "wijl now Cobo techn is nee a formidable", "0K0FfmeinPI-00766-00172112-00172315": "apparatus was set up for scientific", "0K0FfmeinPI-00767-00172316-00172477": "espionage the scale of this structure", "0K0FfmeinPI-00768-00172478-00172745": "testified to its importance the coming", "0K0FfmeinPI-00769-00172746-00172954": "of date on provided access for Linux and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00770-00172955-00173161": "opened new avenues for exploitation in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00771-00173162-00173434": "June of 1994 Russian presidential aide", "0K0FfmeinPI-00772-00173435-00173626": "Yuri Bajoran accused Asian countries", "0K0FfmeinPI-00773-00173627-00173812": "particularly China and North Korea of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00774-00173813-00174355": "economic espionage", "0K0FfmeinPI-00775-00174356-00174869": "topic united kingdom", "0K0FfmeinPI-00776-00174870-00175058": "Reuters stories from Britain make", "0K0FfmeinPI-00777-00175059-00175186": "similar claims involving a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00778-00175187-00175295": "middle-eastern power and a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00779-00175296-00175504": "multibillion-dollar arms deal the UK was", "0K0FfmeinPI-00780-00175505-00175738": "bidding on the concept of economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00781-00175739-00176021": "well-being used above is also found in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00782-00176022-00176211": "the British intelligence services Act", "0K0FfmeinPI-00783-00176212-00176590": "1994 the Act discloses for the first", "0K0FfmeinPI-00784-00176591-00176791": "time the functions of the British Secret", "0K0FfmeinPI-00785-00176792-00176962": "Intelligence Service seized and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00786-00176963-00177175": "government communications headquarters", "0K0FfmeinPI-00787-00177176-00177436": "GCHQ with regard to the economic and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00788-00177437-00177619": "commercial interests of the state", "0K0FfmeinPI-00789-00177620-00177872": "according to the act under the authority", "0K0FfmeinPI-00790-00177873-00178072": "of the Secretary of State the functions", "0K0FfmeinPI-00791-00178073-00178271": "of SIS include obtaining and providing", "0K0FfmeinPI-00792-00178272-00178564": "information as well as performing other", "0K0FfmeinPI-00793-00178565-00178801": "tasks relating to the actions or", "0K0FfmeinPI-00794-00178802-00179041": "intentions of persons outside the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00795-00179042-00179314": "British Isles quote . these functions of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00796-00179315-00179566": "SIS like those of GCHQ are to be", "0K0FfmeinPI-00797-00179567-00179740": "exercised only in the interests of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00798-00179741-00179846": "national security", "0K0FfmeinPI-00799-00179847-00180064": "prevention or detection of serious crime", "0K0FfmeinPI-00800-00180065-00180257": "and most importantly from the point of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00801-00180258-00180533": "view of this article in the interest of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00802-00180534-00181097": "the economic well-being of the UK", "0K0FfmeinPI-00803-00181098-00181725": "topic United States the United States", "0K0FfmeinPI-00804-00181726-00181893": "suffers from a degree of conflict in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00805-00181894-00182043": "that it is sensitive to economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00806-00182044-00182241": "espionage against US companies but it", "0K0FfmeinPI-00807-00182242-00182418": "also objects to those companies using", "0K0FfmeinPI-00808-00182419-00182580": "business practices routine in other", "0K0FfmeinPI-00809-00182581-00182715": "countries that are considered corrupt", "0K0FfmeinPI-00810-00182716-00182955": "domestically the United States is the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00811-00182956-00183141": "only member of the Organisation for", "0K0FfmeinPI-00812-00183142-00183318": "Economic Cooperation and Development", "0K0FfmeinPI-00813-00183319-00183708": "OECD to pass legislation the Foreign", "0K0FfmeinPI-00814-00183709-00183969": "Corrupt Practices Act criminalizing the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00815-00183970-00184163": "payment of a bribe to a foreign official", "0K0FfmeinPI-00816-00184164-00184422": "the legislation arose out of the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00817-00184423-00184712": "American bribery scandals of the 1970s", "0K0FfmeinPI-00818-00184713-00184914": "these restraints which are", "0K0FfmeinPI-00819-00184915-00185148": "extraterritorial in scope have proven a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00820-00185149-00185337": "constant irritant to Americans doing", "0K0FfmeinPI-00821-00185338-00185631": "business abroad according to Secretary", "0K0FfmeinPI-00822-00185632-00185796": "of State Warren Christopher the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00823-00185797-00186062": "legislation costs American companies", "0K0FfmeinPI-00824-00186063-00186270": "hundreds of millions of dollars in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00825-00186271-00186513": "contracts every year quote dot not", "0K0FfmeinPI-00826-00186514-00186750": "surprisingly the USA is particularly", "0K0FfmeinPI-00827-00186751-00186957": "upset about the practice engaged in by", "0K0FfmeinPI-00828-00186958-00187137": "some countries of not only turning a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00829-00187138-00187308": "blind eye to bribery by their own", "0K0FfmeinPI-00830-00187309-00187503": "nationals but recognizing these same", "0K0FfmeinPI-00831-00187504-00187686": "bribes as tax deductible business", "0K0FfmeinPI-00832-00187687-00187767": "expenses", "0K0FfmeinPI-00833-00187768-00188040": "the Clinton administration has not been", "0K0FfmeinPI-00834-00188041-00188223": "encouraged by progress in lobbying", "0K0FfmeinPI-00835-00188224-00188484": "fellow oacd members to pass domestic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00836-00188485-00188700": "legislation mirroring America's or to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00837-00188701-00188892": "agree to an enforceable international", "0K0FfmeinPI-00838-00188893-00189147": "code condemning the practice in the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00839-00189148-00189348": "absence of any international support for", "0K0FfmeinPI-00840-00189349-00189561": "these initiatives American commercial", "0K0FfmeinPI-00841-00189562-00189711": "interests have been pressuring their", "0K0FfmeinPI-00842-00189712-00189843": "government either to change the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00843-00189844-00190041": "international regime or to rescind the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00844-00190042-00190383": "legislation quote unwilling to rescind", "0K0FfmeinPI-00845-00190384-00190566": "the Clinton administration turned to the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00846-00190567-00190800": "CIA former director of Central", "0K0FfmeinPI-00847-00190801-00191004": "Intelligence james Woolsey distinguished", "0K0FfmeinPI-00848-00191005-00191166": "between what is listed for the US", "0K0FfmeinPI-00849-00191167-00191546": "government and illicit for companies I", "0K0FfmeinPI-00850-00191547-00191820": "reserve the term industrial espionage to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00851-00191821-00192006": "mean espionage for the direct benefit of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00852-00192007-00192339": "an industry I don't call it industrial", "0K0FfmeinPI-00853-00192340-00192552": "espionage if the United States spies on", "0K0FfmeinPI-00854-00192553-00192756": "a European corporation to find out if it", "0K0FfmeinPI-00855-00192757-00192927": "is bribing its way to contracts in Asia", "0K0FfmeinPI-00856-00192928-00193092": "or Latin America that it can't win", "0K0FfmeinPI-00857-00193093-00193673": "honestly quote quote", "0K0FfmeinPI-00858-00193674-00193991": "topic statements of current and past US", "0K0FfmeinPI-00859-00193992-00194165": "officials about economic intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00860-00194166-00194765": "collection former United States Central", "0K0FfmeinPI-00861-00194766-00194970": "Intelligence Agency director james", "0K0FfmeinPI-00862-00194971-00195348": "Woolsey confirmed in Washington that the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00863-00195349-00195650": "u.s. stills economic secrets with", "0K0FfmeinPI-00864-00195651-00195810": "espionage with communications", "0K0FfmeinPI-00865-00195811-00195957": "intelligence with reconnaissance", "0K0FfmeinPI-00866-00195958-00196236": "satellites and that there was now some", "0K0FfmeinPI-00867-00196237-00196436": "increased emphasis on economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00868-00196437-00196671": "intelligence he claimed that economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00869-00196672-00196881": "spying was justified because European", "0K0FfmeinPI-00870-00196882-00197184": "companies had a national culture a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00871-00197185-00197472": "bribery and whither principal offenders", "0K0FfmeinPI-00872-00197473-00197612": "from the point of view of paying bribes", "0K0FfmeinPI-00873-00197613-00197799": "in major international contracts in the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00874-00197800-00197890": "world", "0K0FfmeinPI-00875-00197891-00198065": "responding to the European Parliament", "0K0FfmeinPI-00876-00198066-00198299": "report on interception capabilities in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00877-00198300-00198428": "the Echelon satellite surveillance", "0K0FfmeinPI-00878-00198429-00198582": "system Woolsey said that the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00879-00198583-00198914": "interception capabilities 2000 report", "0K0FfmeinPI-00880-00198915-00199056": "which had been presented to the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00881-00199057-00199226": "Parliament citizens Rights Committee on", "0K0FfmeinPI-00882-00199227-00199482": "the 23rd of February was intellectually", "0K0FfmeinPI-00883-00199483-00199766": "honest in two cases cited in the report", "0K0FfmeinPI-00884-00199767-00200019": "the fact is that the subject of American", "0K0FfmeinPI-00885-00200020-00200311": "intelligence collection was bribery", "0K0FfmeinPI-00886-00200312-00200643": "that's correct he told a packed audience", "0K0FfmeinPI-00887-00200644-00200931": "of Foreign Press journalists we have", "0K0FfmeinPI-00888-00200932-00201318": "spied on that in the past I hope that", "0K0FfmeinPI-00889-00201319-00201468": "the United States government continues", "0K0FfmeinPI-00890-00201469-00201735": "to spy on bribery Woolsey continued", "0K0FfmeinPI-00891-00201736-00202004": "whether economic or military most US", "0K0FfmeinPI-00892-00202005-00202214": "intelligence data came from open sources", "0K0FfmeinPI-00893-00202215-00202586": "he said but 5% is essentially secrets", "0K0FfmeinPI-00894-00202587-00202824": "that we still we steal secrets with", "0K0FfmeinPI-00895-00202825-00203034": "espionage with communications with", "0K0FfmeinPI-00896-00203035-00203409": "reconnaissance satellites explaining his", "0K0FfmeinPI-00897-00203410-00203564": "view that Europe was the main center of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00898-00203565-00203914": "world industrial bribery he asked why", "0K0FfmeinPI-00899-00203915-00204161": "have we in the past from time to time", "0K0FfmeinPI-00900-00204162-00204372": "targeted foreign corporations and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00901-00204373-00204701": "government assistance to them some of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00902-00204702-00204894": "our oldest friends and allies have a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00903-00204894-00205098": "national culture and a national practice", "0K0FfmeinPI-00904-00205098-00205298": "such that bribery is an important part", "0K0FfmeinPI-00905-00205300-00205473": "of the way they try to do business in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00906-00205473-00205830": "international commerce the part of the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00907-00205831-00206006": "world that where this culture of getting", "0K0FfmeinPI-00908-00206007-00206205": "contracts through bribery that actually", "0K0FfmeinPI-00909-00206206-00206411": "has a great deal of money and is active", "0K0FfmeinPI-00910-00206412-00206594": "in international contracting is to a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00911-00206596-00207003": "first approximation Europe", "0K0FfmeinPI-00912-00207004-00207271": "the principle offenders from the point", "0K0FfmeinPI-00913-00207271-00207430": "of view of paying bribes in major", "0K0FfmeinPI-00914-00207431-00207637": "international contracts in the world a", "0K0FfmeinPI-00915-00207638-00207915": "Europe and indeed they are some of the", "0K0FfmeinPI-00916-00207916-00208126": "very same companies the companies are in", "0K0FfmeinPI-00917-00208127-00208303": "some of the very same countries where", "0K0FfmeinPI-00918-00208304-00208480": "the most recent flap has arisen about", "0K0FfmeinPI-00919-00208481-00208839": "alleged American industrial espionage", "0K0FfmeinPI-00920-00208840-00209067": "Woolsey when newly Director of Central", "0K0FfmeinPI-00921-00209069-00209350": "Intelligence in 1993 publicly announced", "0K0FfmeinPI-00922-00209351-00209548": "that economic intelligence was now a CIA", "0K0FfmeinPI-00923-00209548-00209796": "program French intelligence had been", "0K0FfmeinPI-00924-00209798-00209946": "aggressively going after information", "0K0FfmeinPI-00925-00209948-00210235": "from American executives Woolsey said no", "0K0FfmeinPI-00926-00210236-00210553": "more mr. nice guy quote in a statement", "0K0FfmeinPI-00927-00210554-00210901": "in 1995 entitled a national security", "0K0FfmeinPI-00928-00210902-00211098": "strategy of engagement and enlargement", "0K0FfmeinPI-00929-00211100-00211303": "President Bill Clinton detailed just", "0K0FfmeinPI-00930-00211304-00211467": "what his administration expected from", "0K0FfmeinPI-00931-00211469-00211636": "American intelligence with regard to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00932-00211637-00211837": "protecting or pursuing American economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00933-00211838-00212026": "interests to adequately forecast dangers", "0K0FfmeinPI-00934-00212027-00212167": "to democracy into u.s. economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00935-00212167-00212377": "well-being the intelligence community", "0K0FfmeinPI-00936-00212378-00212590": "must track political economic social and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00937-00212591-00212764": "military developments in those parts of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00938-00212765-00212919": "the world where US interests are most", "0K0FfmeinPI-00939-00212921-00213046": "heavily engaged and we're over", "0K0FfmeinPI-00940-00213046-00213226": "collection of information from open", "0K0FfmeinPI-00941-00213227-00213451": "sources is inadequate economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00942-00213452-00213610": "intelligence will play an increasingly", "0K0FfmeinPI-00943-00213611-00213814": "important role in helping policymakers", "0K0FfmeinPI-00944-00213815-00214078": "understand economic trends economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00945-00214079-00214248": "intelligence can support us trade", "0K0FfmeinPI-00946-00214250-00214414": "negotiators and help level the economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00947-00214415-00214642": "playing field by identifying threats to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00948-00214642-00214798": "US companies from foreign intelligence", "0K0FfmeinPI-00949-00214798-00215151": "services and unfair trading practices", "0K0FfmeinPI-00950-00215152-00215410": "topic expert inference about economic", "0K0FfmeinPI-00951-00215411-00215566": "intelligence collection by the US", "0K0FfmeinPI-00952-00215567-00215719": "according to Porteous Clinton's", "0K0FfmeinPI-00953-00215719-00215902": "statement clearly envisages the use of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00954-00215903-00216052": "clandestine methods to obtain this", "0K0FfmeinPI-00955-00216053-00216238": "intelligence we're over collection from", "0K0FfmeinPI-00956-00216239-00216409": "open sources is inadequate Russell", "0K0FfmeinPI-00957-00216410-00216571": "observes France and Japan provide", "0K0FfmeinPI-00958-00216571-00216730": "illustrative examples of foreign", "0K0FfmeinPI-00959-00216731-00216964": "government's actions it is this direct", "0K0FfmeinPI-00960-00216965-00217084": "link between government and business", "0K0FfmeinPI-00961-00217085-00217261": "that some individuals propose to", "0K0FfmeinPI-00962-00217262-00217438": "establish between the US government and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00963-00217439-00217723": "US businesses anticipated rewards of", "0K0FfmeinPI-00964-00217723-00217894": "such a relationship include reduced", "0K0FfmeinPI-00965-00217894-00218062": "product research and development R&D", "0K0FfmeinPI-00966-00218063-00218365": "timelines reduced R&D costs accelerated", "0K0FfmeinPI-00967-00218366-00218569": "time from R&D to product marketing and", "0K0FfmeinPI-00968-00218569-00218737": "the receipt of lucrative contracts by", "0K0FfmeinPI-00969-00218738-00218908": "undercutting a competitor using inside", "0K0FfmeinPI-00970-00218909-00219169": "knowledge of his bid in terms in some", "0K0FfmeinPI-00971-00219169-00219358": "any benefit gained in these areas has", "0K0FfmeinPI-00972-00219359-00219703": "the potential to increase profits"}}, {"audio_id": "0K49ZX0Uabc", "text": {"0K49ZX0Uabc-00000-00000048-00001023": "[Music]", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00001-00001024-00001199": "phones with global coverage such as", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00002-00001200-00001439": "iridium 9555", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00003-00001440-00001623": "are the big thing nowadays particularly", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00004-00001623-00001759": "for those who need to be in the", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00005-00001760-00001902": "wilderness for some incredible", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00006-00001903-00002159": "adventures yet this is not made for", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00007-00002160-00002407": "daily use", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00008-00002408-00002575": "though this is ideal for those who love", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00009-00002576-00002767": "to hunt and do things outside their", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00010-00002768-00003031": "comfort zones this phone is not intended", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00011-00003032-00003215": "for the ordinary individuals with", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00012-00003215-00003559": "typical jobs and ordinary lifestyles", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00013-00003560-00003751": "typical phones can be used inside the", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00014-00003752-00004079": "buildings homes offices shopping malls", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00015-00004079-00004303": "and other common areas but they become", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00016-00004304-00004599": "useless in high seas desert mountains", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00017-00004600-00004831": "and other remote places", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00018-00004832-00005054": "in such areas where signal is hard to", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00019-00005055-00005318": "get hold of a satellite phone comes in", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00020-00005319-00005463": "handy", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00021-00005464-00005663": "take a moment to hit the like button and", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00022-00005664-00005886": "share this video and of course don't", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00023-00005887-00006102": "forget to subscribe", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00024-00006103-00006343": "uses of satellite phones receives and", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00025-00006344-00006591": "sends data and phone calls through the", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00026-00006592-00006775": "abundant satellites that hovers the", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00027-00006776-00006910": "earth", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00028-00006911-00007127": "keeping such an advanced communications", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00029-00007128-00007351": "method is extremely technical that is", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00030-00007352-00007583": "why the charges are quite high due to", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00031-00007584-00007839": "its maintenance requirements", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00032-00007840-00008046": "however if you would take a look at its", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00033-00008047-00008271": "benefits its cost for the services is", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00034-00008272-00008535": "all worth it with satellite phones the", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00035-00008536-00008759": "signal is strong and consistent so users", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00036-00008760-00008919": "can just forget about having dropped", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00037-00008920-00009031": "calls", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00038-00009032-00009239": "another advantage of having a satellite", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00039-00009240-00009455": "phone is that it comes with magnificent", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00040-00009456-00009735": "features such as a voicemail an incoming", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00041-00009736-00009927": "phone number that lets you know if you", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00042-00009928-00010110": "have a call waiting because of its", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00043-00010111-00010287": "stable signal when you are on your", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00044-00010288-00010527": "hunting trip or your travel adventure", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00045-00010528-00010751": "you keep contact with friends as well as", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00046-00010752-00011014": "family at home and much more importantly", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00047-00011015-00011206": "you can call authorities quickly during", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00048-00011207-00011478": "emergencies wherever you are for as long", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00049-00011479-00011638": "as you get a good line of sight to", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00050-00011639-00011838": "satellites you will acquire a good", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00051-00011839-00012055": "signal and place emergency calls when", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00052-00012056-00012167": "needed", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00053-00012168-00012359": "there are also some disadvantages of", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00054-00012360-00012574": "satellite phones", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00055-00012575-00012807": "for one you can simply use satellite", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00056-00012808-00012991": "phones when there is direct line from", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00057-00012991-00013199": "the sky which means you can't use them", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00058-00013200-00013422": "in covered locations such as inside your", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00059-00013423-00013727": "home office buildings or malls", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00060-00013728-00013919": "even during bad weather there is also", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00061-00013919-00014191": "poor network coverage so it's not ideal", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00062-00014191-00014391": "for everyday use", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00063-00014391-00014583": "tall buildings are also a problem for", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00064-00014584-00014727": "signal as well", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00065-00014728-00014911": "ideally you need direct sight to the", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00066-00014912-00015086": "satellites", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00067-00015087-00015479": "iridium 9555 phones are also bigger than", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00068-00015480-00015663": "the standard cellular phones therefore", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00069-00015663-00015871": "they are not handy and they can be an", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00070-00015872-00016127": "inconvenience to carry around", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00071-00016128-00016366": "the telephone costs for its services is", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00072-00016368-00016663": "also higher compared to normal phones", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00073-00016664-00016863": "there is no doubt that a satellite phone", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00074-00016864-00017055": "would come in handy when you are on your", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00075-00017056-00017263": "wilderness adventure being able to", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00076-00017264-00017479": "communicate with emergency services", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00077-00017480-00017679": "could save your life", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00078-00017680-00017822": "if you would like to consider this", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00079-00017823-00018167": "essential tool click the link below", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00080-00018168-00018358": "thank you for watching", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00081-00018359-00018614": "please like and share the video", "0K49ZX0Uabc-00082-00018615-00019004": "don't forget to subscribe"}}, {"audio_id": "0KmHzKyyn9U", "text": {"0KmHzKyyn9U-00000-00000003-00000440": "hi now we're at lesson see a part 1 of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00001-00000441-00000644": "machine learning and cloud services", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00002-00000645-00001015": "it's April 2019 and here's geoffrey fox", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00003-00001016-00001303": "extolling the virtues of clustering and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00004-00001304-00001591": "web plotviz which is used to visualize", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00005-00001592-00001826": "clustering in particular k-means", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00006-00001827-00002225": "clustering and here we have a couple of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00007-00002226-00002612": "examples and we were now actually on the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00008-00002613-00002906": "next slide see some actual further", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00009-00002907-00003191": "examples of web shoppers so let's go and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00010-00003192-00003713": "do that now all right here we are we're", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00011-00003714-00003968": "using web drop fist we go to the circle", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00012-00003969-00004241": "optic dashboard which you can get to", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00013-00004242-00004808": "from the spider gwgw DSCs oh I see but", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00014-00004809-00005135": "Indiana TV you are linked and you will", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00015-00005136-00005342": "then find that the public dashboard some", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00016-00005343-00005638": "collections if you are in e2 to true you", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00017-00005639-00005911": "go to the two-two-one collection then", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00018-00005912-00006086": "you will find it here at the top of the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00019-00006087-00006475": "second group and use press view then you", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00020-00006476-00006662": "will see that this collection has five", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00021-00006663-00007117": "plots in it let's look at this one here", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00022-00007118-00007567": "one of the group of a thousand part", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00023-00007568-00007876": "dating related points clustered from the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00024-00007877-00008219": "book by Harrington and you can see here", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00025-00008220-00008428": "it is we can actually now rotate it", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00026-00008429-00008726": "these are three-dimensional points", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00027-00008727-00008984": "viewed in three dimensions and you can", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00028-00008985-00009314": "see it's so not reasonable clustering is", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00029-00009315-00009599": "not the uniques are straying for it's a", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00030-00009600-00009776": "long thin white with a bit of an", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00031-00009777-00010088": "extension here clean red thruster and a", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00032-00010089-00010270": "relatively clean some of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00033-00010271-00010561": "for the green tester and together they", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00034-00010562-00010843": "divide the system up so we can make the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00035-00010844-00011443": "system smaller bigger and we can change", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00036-00011444-00011871": "the size of the so-called glyphs except", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00037-00011872-00012040": "these are points not glyph someone", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00038-00012041-00012427": "change the size of the points that we", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00039-00012428-00012688": "made that just what I've done is change", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00040-00012689-00012924": "the points of being large to small and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00041-00012925-00013099": "maybe sometimes that tells us something", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00042-00013100-00013282": "in this case it doesn't make so much", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00043-00013283-00014544": "difference", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00044-00014544-00047758": "you", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00045-00047759-00048127": "alright here we have another whole piece", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00046-00048128-00048290": "of work of mine which I always like", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00047-00048291-00048487": "because if you look at this", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00048-00048488-00048818": "visualization which is 96,000 proteomic", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00049-00048819-00049183": "points I they have the points basically", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00050-00049184-00049514": "shaped like a hand back where your other", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00051-00049515-00049802": "team hand back with these funny I've", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00052-00049803-00049990": "never seen another set of points look", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00053-00049991-00050348": "like this with oh we're such a clear", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00054-00050349-00050615": "overall shape with nothing in which this", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00055-00050616-00050812": "region this region here of the handbag", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00056-00050813-00051244": "between the two handles so if you look", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00057-00051245-00051557": "at this data the colors are not clusters", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00058-00051558-00051933": "found by some magic program but just", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00059-00051934-00052298": "biologically related proteomics", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00060-00052299-00052501": "sequences identified by the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00061-00052502-00052717": "experimentalist so you can already tell", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00062-00052719-00053038": "a lot from this visualization let's look", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00063-00053039-00053204": "at these red points over here they're", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00064-00053204-00053648": "actually pretty near each other", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00065-00053649-00053852": "looking three-dimensional may say that", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00066-00053853-00054044": "pretty clustered there are a few", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00067-00054045-00054304": "outliers which suggest maybe there was", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00068-00054305-00054536": "someone misclassified but that red group", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00069-00054537-00054926": "is pretty much all there notice this", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00070-00054927-00055139": "doesn't shuts show up as a separate", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00071-00055140-00055385": "class orator in terms of the points it", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00072-00055386-00055652": "just you know there was a reason of this", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00073-00055653-00055850": "handbag and there the red people live", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00074-00055851-00056219": "and there is another set of blue people", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00075-00056220-00056564": "here we look at the blue people you can", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00076-00056565-00056765": "see there there are sort of near each", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00077-00056766-00056891": "other but they're much more scattered", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00078-00056891-00057497": "all over the place here and so that's so", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00079-00057498-00057730": "clear to me whether those others really", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00080-00057732-00057986": "are associated or whether the blue", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00081-00057987-00058226": "people on the Left really are sort of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00082-00058227-00058391": "different from the blue people on the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00083-00058391-00058688": "bottom center and this little blue", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00084-00058689-00059045": "cluster over at the top right it's not", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00085-00059046-00059282": "clear to me if we look in the middle we", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00086-00059283-00059453": "have actually this is where the bother", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00087-00059454-00059753": "just won't wear focused", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00088-00059754-00059954": "we actually have set of several", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00089-00059954-00060587": "biological families and the biologists", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00090-00060588-00060902": "were happy because these sets ecology", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00091-00060903-00061042": "sets we're actually meant to be", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00092-00061044-00061394": "similarly from so the the yellow and the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00093-00061395-00061694": "reddish and the and the pink were meant", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00094-00061695-00061859": "to be similar to each other and they are", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00095-00061860-00062303": "similar to each other so so you can see", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00096-00062304-00062504": "this plot has shown you a lot is shown", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00097-00062504-00062795": "there are some successes but also that", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00098-00062796-00063016": "you're not going to find those successes", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00099-00063017-00063254": "by clustering because they're just not", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00100-00063254-00063557": "distinct as as physical clusters", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00101-00063558-00063833": "separated in this particular space this", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00102-00063834-00064013": "space is defined by the so called", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00103-00064014-00064279": "nirmaan much distance which is a variant", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00104-00064280-00064691": "of the smith-waterman so that's that", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00105-00064691-00065249": "example finished okay here we have us", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00106-00065250-00065641": "our third example on another set of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00107-00065642-00065963": "fungi or like you said a fun job you", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00108-00065964-00066307": "I've done lots of work with fungi", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00109-00066308-00066457": "we will see other examples from", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00110-00066458-00066751": "screenshots later on but this is some", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00111-00066752-00067171": "pretty interesting 440 6000 esters but", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00112-00067172-00067453": "these clusters are sort of strange they", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00113-00067454-00067642": "have funny shapes like here's this white", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00114-00067643-00067777": "cluster these actually look like", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00115-00067778-00068092": "tadpoles long thin tails I think the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00116-00068093-00068449": "long thin tails are not coming from", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00117-00068450-00068602": "Mother Nature they're coming from the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00118-00068603-00068842": "messed-up distances meshes but I've", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00119-00068843-00069112": "never fully fully understood or prove", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00120-00069113-00069478": "that there's some structure here with", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00121-00069479-00069856": "lots of related long thin things here in", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00122-00069857-00070006": "this white group here what does that", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00123-00070007-00070231": "mean you'll find that pretty common you", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00124-00070232-00070726": "often get lots of separated sets what", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00125-00070727-00071062": "that means I don't quite know so if we", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00126-00071063-00071332": "look at this we have clearly separated", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00127-00071333-00071635": "things these these white ones over here", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00128-00071636-00072034": "are separated green one here is", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00129-00072035-00072238": "separated but in this middle here we", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00130-00072239-00072637": "have a complete mess and the poor the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00131-00072638-00072850": "clustering program which is a variant of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00132-00072851-00073108": "k-means which works in the case where", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00133-00073109-00073342": "you have just distances I say this is", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00134-00073343-00073564": "actually smith-waterman distance not", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00135-00073565-00073768": "need among munching minimum doesn't work", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00136-00073769-00074029": "for this type of sequence which we found", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00137-00074030-00074299": "out to our cost but you can see these", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00138-00074300-00074587": "clusters are not well separated lots of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00139-00074588-00074749": "close together things and it's not", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00140-00074750-00075079": "totally clear except on the size type", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00141-00075080-00075268": "issue that they are separate clusters", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00142-00075269-00075448": "here they're clusters of determined by", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00143-00075449-00075874": "size approximate size and so this is", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00144-00075875-00076102": "very rich and so we found lot so you can", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00145-00076103-00076333": "say that clearly lots of clusters here", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00146-00076334-00076750": "which are species exactly the quality of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00147-00076751-00076968": "that separation between the species", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00148-00076969-00077431": "there is across the set of points set of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00149-00077432-00077692": "DNA sequences and there's a whole", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00150-00077693-00077932": "richness but you can explore by better", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00151-00077933-00078160": "distance measures I only can do actually", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00152-00078161-00078313": "better clustering I think given the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00153-00078314-00078495": "distance discussed room is about this", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00154-00078496-00078807": "- you obviously can do more experiments", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00155-00078808-00079080": "for more points and so on so it's sort", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00156-00079081-00079326": "of pretty interesting and sort of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00157-00079327-00079506": "illustrative of the depth that you can", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00158-00079507-00080229": "get to in this type of problem okay", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00159-00080230-00080598": "here's our last example this is a set of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00160-00080599-00080772": "points not clustered but actually", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00161-00080773-00081000": "labeled by the biologists and this is", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00162-00081001-00081201": "actually pretty neat and they're very", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00163-00081202-00081453": "clean this is a much nicer data set than", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00164-00081454-00081702": "some of these other ones maybe that data", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00165-00081703-00081924": "was higher quality just a little bit of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00166-00081925-00082197": "distortion but sound like this nice red", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00167-00082198-00082494": "cluster so beautiful lots of points in", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00168-00082495-00082629": "it and they're very clear they're", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00169-00082630-00082983": "separated almost no noise Yoga noise you", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00170-00082984-00083160": "don't see so the noise is actually", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00171-00083161-00083610": "custom so my edge may just be families", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00172-00083611-00083805": "often their field - like over here we", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00173-00083806-00084258": "have this light blue cluster here we", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00174-00084259-00084603": "have a much stronger brown cluster here", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00175-00084604-00084813": "and then over here we have some", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00176-00084814-00084993": "interesting structure we've got a long", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00177-00084994-00085254": "blue maybe that is actually - two", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00178-00085255-00085536": "clusters not not properly separated and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00179-00085537-00085746": "the same is seen over here well", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00180-00085747-00085980": "obviously there looks as though there's", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00181-00085981-00086193": "a ridge of structure than the biologists", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00182-00086194-00086642": "have identified these three Breitling", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00183-00086643-00087517": "justice' which are obviously separated", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00184-00087518-00087773": "you can tell us some of these things", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00185-00087774-00087956": "which look on top of each other when you", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00186-00087957-00088130": "rotate them they've become separate like", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00187-00088131-00088382": "the it's red and purple thing looked on", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00188-00088383-00088550": "top of each other but when you rotate", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00189-00088551-00088768": "you'll see that clearly separated and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00190-00088769-00089048": "you can see it what are they for and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00191-00089049-00089180": "they say they're fall into groups", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00192-00089181-00089378": "there's a big group over here or group", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00193-00089379-00089624": "here and a group yeah a little bit of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00194-00089625-00090008": "scatter isolated cluster here isolated", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00195-00090009-00090254": "huge cluster here and so on so this is", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00196-00090255-00090485": "where they shows the power of these", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00197-00090486-00090641": "methods you really in connection tell", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00198-00090642-00090965": "what's right what's wrong and that you", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00199-00090966-00091139": "have great confidence of what you're", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00200-00091140-00091405": "going to do going forward with", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00201-00091406-00091610": "visualizations like this place if you", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00202-00091611-00091805": "look at the raw data I challenge you to", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00203-00091806-00092282": "have the same confidence all right you", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00204-00092283-00092510": "just saw some examples of web clock this", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00205-00092511-00093119": "web clutter is is a program we wrote in", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00206-00093120-00093383": "my research group 10,000 lines largely", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00207-00093384-00093710": "JavaScript and the reason is JavaScript", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00208-00093711-00094112": "is a client based system running on the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00209-00094113-00094558": "on the using the html5 specification", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00210-00094559-00094922": "using a code code 3GS which is a library", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00211-00094923-00095243": "and if we want to what we're doing here", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00212-00095244-00095456": "is sometimes is usually caught dimension", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00213-00095457-00095795": "reduction which is you have a you have", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00214-00095796-00095963": "and we used to date around let you have", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00215-00095964-00096119": "a set of points which typically are", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00216-00096120-00096428": "either in a large dimensional space", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00217-00096429-00096557": "sometimes they're in two or three", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00218-00096558-00096749": "dimensional spaces but more often than", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00219-00096750-00096992": "not they are actually the largest", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00220-00096993-00097652": "emotional space and then you have to", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00221-00097653-00097817": "look at them you can't you can't", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00222-00097818-00098057": "visualize a 93 dimensional space so you", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00223-00098058-00098231": "have to reduce it to three to three", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00224-00098232-00098576": "dimensional space alternatively as in", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00225-00098577-00098837": "those rDNA sea or proteomic sequences", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00226-00098838-00099041": "you don't actually have a vector defined", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00227-00099042-00099290": "like for space to find you just have", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00228-00099291-00099491": "distances there are no scalar products", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00229-00099492-00099728": "it's not a Euclidean space they're just", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00230-00099729-00099983": "distances and you need to have", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00231-00099984-00100382": "algorithms that take points where you", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00232-00100383-00100483": "need to find this", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00233-00100484-00100738": "madam in the three dimensions that is", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00234-00100739-00101128": "done by a technology which tries to keep", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00235-00101129-00101308": "the distance in three dimension between", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00236-00101309-00101428": "these two points", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00237-00101429-00101692": "similar to the distance in the very", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00238-00101693-00101890": "close of the distance in the foreign the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00239-00101891-00102166": "original space where you only have", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00240-00102167-00102331": "distance or you have actually a vector", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00241-00102332-00102598": "space the two famous methods here a", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00242-00102599-00102892": "principal component analysis which are", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00243-00102893-00103211": "find in almost all libraries which is", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00244-00103213-00103594": "Linnaeus Matan linear approaches very", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00245-00103595-00103884": "powerful possibly the one that's most", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00246-00103885-00104239": "often used and I only died don't go", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00247-00104240-00104365": "through it and there's collectors", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00248-00104366-00104608": "because it requires knowing about eigen", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00249-00104608-00104923": "values and eigen functions I can", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00250-00104924-00105183": "practice and eigen vectors which are the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00251-00105184-00105394": "scope for these lectures and then the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00252-00105395-00105571": "method that we are usually which you saw", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00253-00105572-00105826": "which we use for the data you just saw", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00254-00105827-00106117": "we use so-called MDS multi-dimensional", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00255-00106118-00106333": "scaling which is a nonlinear", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00256-00106333-00106513": "transformation which is a complex", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00257-00106514-00106789": "optimization problem and they all map", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00258-00106790-00107056": "abstract spaces to three dimensions they", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00259-00107057-00107274": "all run well in parallel and they give", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00260-00107275-00107548": "as far as I can see great results and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00261-00107549-00107902": "more people just used with them into", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00262-00107903-00108183": "visualize we used to have a package", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00263-00108184-00108453": "called plotviz written from in windows", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00264-00108454-00108711": "technology where we switch to this", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00265-00108713-00109105": "browser-based technology in several", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00266-00109106-00109432": "years ago and the areas are", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00267-00109433-00109809": "specification of it it's here are some", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00268-00109810-00110032": "examples well seize these pictures later", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00269-00110033-00110433": "on these typical examples and here we", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00270-00110434-00110791": "have a typical screenshot and these", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00271-00110792-00111049": "shows rather more than what I showed it", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00272-00111050-00111309": "actually shows you how in this thing", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00273-00111310-00111571": "here more information about the actual", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00274-00111572-00112035": "after play pause this particular program", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00275-00112036-00112915": "actually visualizes time series and so", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00276-00112916-00113085": "that's why you can have us usefully have", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00277-00113086-00113269": "a pause because you might be running it", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00278-00113270-00113521": "forward in time we apply this to the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00279-00113522-00113773": "stock market and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00280-00113774-00113944": "then the door so you deal with they have", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00281-00113945-00114210": "all these clusters or getting blame in", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00282-00114211-00114336": "this case they have clusters and I've", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00283-00114338-00114481": "found by clustering programs they're", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00284-00114482-00114861": "just labels like you all any more stocks", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00285-00114863-00115033": "from the energy sector are colored green", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00286-00115033-00115375": "for example and you can change colors", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00287-00115376-00115675": "and remove clusters and things like that", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00288-00115676-00115884": "and that's what these controls over here", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00289-00115885-00116521": "are describing so it's a visualizer 3d", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00290-00116522-00116863": "plot sets for either fixed-fixed plots", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00291-00116864-00117183": "of time series which are just sequences", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00292-00117184-00117793": "or 3d points which was ordered in time", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00293-00117794-00117958": "and then it in the case of Time series", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00294-00117958-00118156": "it just displays there was a function of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00295-00118157-00118501": "time data management is done with simple", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00296-00118502-00118846": "client interface and it's all stored on", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00297-00118847-00119170": "the backend in MongoDB which is one of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00298-00119171-00119863": "the most famous sow databases no sequel", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00299-00119864-00120759": "databases there is three dot Jas WebGL", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00300-00120760-00121092": "Jason players are play server", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00301-00121093-00121924": "framework and that's that's what we have", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00302-00121925-00122239": "a paper which is referenced on this", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00303-00122240-00122407": "website which describes it in more", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00304-00122408-00123114": "detail so here's we as well as the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00305-00123115-00123373": "two-dimensional examples which are the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00306-00123374-00123670": "static examples I just showed where", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00307-00123671-00123928": "fixed set of 3d points we're gonna say", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00308-00123929-00124153": "you have this visualization the stock", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00309-00124154-00124386": "market there are around 7,000 distinct", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00310-00124388-00124567": "stock so at any one time", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00311-00124568-00125041": "you have 7,000 points which again we", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00312-00125042-00125299": "reduce those points from whatever", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00313-00125300-00125583": "dimensions ever have whatever abstract", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00314-00125584-00125886": "space that we check we looked at which", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00315-00125888-00126190": "was as we looked at just the values as", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00316-00126191-00126246": "opposed", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00317-00126247-00126533": "time to give them a position in space", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00318-00126533-00126815": "and we can look at them from the date", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00319-00126816-00127083": "when we did this certain almost 3000", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00320-00127083-00127419": "distinct times and say the labeling was", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00321-00127420-00127713": "defined by the various Wall Street and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00322-00127714-00128106": "Dow Jones classifications and this comes", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00323-00128107-00128313": "the data comes in the water research", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00324-00128314-00128578": "data services which is available to", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00325-00128579-00128885": "university students from research and we", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00326-00128886-00129294": "went from January 2001 to December 2015", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00327-00129295-00129738": "and we use this or this own way which", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00328-00129739-00130194": "basically the date symbol price when", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00329-00130195-00130395": "various Corrections that they do splits", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00330-00130396-00130707": "and things like that okay this is the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00331-00130708-00131082": "streaming stock example and we'll start", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00332-00131083-00131460": "it this has a place symbol and it has", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00333-00131461-00131868": "one of this has lots of features and one", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00334-00131869-00132048": "feature as is to actually form", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00335-00132049-00132318": "trajectories corresponding to particular", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00336-00132319-00132795": "stocks this we have added this section a", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00337-00132796-00133026": "little bit off let's change the scale", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00338-00133027-00133511": "here this trajectory here is Apple and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00339-00133512-00133875": "somewhere inside here we have British", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00340-00133876-00134136": "Petroleum VP I chose to do two", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00341-00134137-00134469": "trajectories BP and Apple Apple is the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00342-00134470-00134646": "most energetically one of the more", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00343-00134647-00134910": "energetic stocks are tending to increase", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00344-00134911-00135681": "and BP is less exciting screwing around", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00345-00135682-00136011": "in the middle in this time period the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00346-00136012-00136418": "oil stocks didn't do so well and stuff", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00347-00136419-00137026": "after the crash and things in 2008 so", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00348-00137027-00137299": "you can see these are crazy crazy", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00349-00137300-00137660": "trajectories and this will just let this", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00350-00137661-00137873": "thing run you can cancel it if you get", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00351-00137874-00138098": "bored you can see what do we have over", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00352-00138099-00138398": "here we have actually displayed the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00353-00138399-00138550": "position of the but these are", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00354-00138551-00138809": "trajectories so this is project this has", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00355-00138810-00139162": "today's position and also the previous", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00356-00139163-00139436": "positions of previous years and these", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00357-00139437-00139641": "things like finance which is the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00358-00139642-00140029": "greenish cone it's actually just a", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00359-00140030-00140215": "current value of finance which actually", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00360-00140216-00140399": "can just see over here there's finance", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00361-00140400-00140843": "around here again we haven't got the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00362-00140844-00141143": "colors quite so distinct health is an", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00363-00141144-00141763": "orangey tone and these pseudo circles", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00364-00141764-00141952": "are actually physicians they would have", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00365-00141953-00142373": "if they increase flat with year 10% or", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00366-00142374-00143601": "20% and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00367-00143602-00143937": "so we have technology energy industrial", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00368-00143938-00144174": "consumers finance real estate these are", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00369-00144175-00144449": "all the classic Wall Street", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00370-00144450-00144645": "classifications that I think that the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00371-00144646-00144822": "top ten stocks of each of those", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00372-00144823-00145137": "categories the overall background is the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00373-00145138-00145449": "7,000 stocks colored in a way which you", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00374-00145450-00145654": "can't see because I have them too small", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00375-00145655-00145965": "in the way that affects the amount of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00376-00145966-00146826": "change they've done so now we have so", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00377-00146827-00147027": "here we have Apple really making for", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00378-00147028-00147795": "making noise here", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00379-00147796-00148028": "so yeah while this thing is playing when", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00380-00148029-00148293": "you can rotate it to see you understand", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00381-00148294-00148490": "what's going on as you see this is", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00382-00148491-00148727": "pretty complicated and that's one of the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00383-00148728-00148949": "problems we found in this visualization", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00384-00148950-00149160": "was sort of a bit too complicated", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00385-00149161-00149366": "it shows some interesting structure", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00386-00149367-00149552": "which we'll see some screenshots later", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00387-00149553-00150239": "on but it certainly wasn't dressed", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00388-00150240-00150404": "there wasn't government there wasn't", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00389-00150405-00150609": "clean structure which of course is you'd", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00390-00150610-00150773": "expect if there was clean structure", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00391-00150774-00151001": "every movie everybody will be a", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00392-00151002-00151218": "billionaire by exploiting that structure", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00393-00151219-00151424": "the fact that the structures choose", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00394-00151425-00151685": "randomness or on not randomness", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00395-00151686-00151959": "uncertainty and unpredictability could", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00396-00151960-00152184": "you can't really tell whether when a", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00397-00152185-00152496": "declares war on B or when there's a", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00398-00152497-00152973": "typhoon or disaster of various types you", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00399-00152974-00154228": "just don't know what's going on", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00400-00154229-00155018": "this yellow is the 20% number", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00401-00155019-00156002": "and the lighter yellow is the 10%", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00402-00156003-00156616": "here we have Apple doing pretty well but", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00403-00156617-00156935": "the even Apple doesn't have a smooth", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00404-00156936-00158801": "trajectory for the pretty difficult", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00405-00158802-00159053": "you'll make it bigger no cost to see the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00406-00159054-00159644": "structure and everything is now you know", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00407-00159645-00159848": "in the stock market things average down", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00408-00159849-00160073": "and so now that they're all in the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00409-00160074-00160856": "middle these stars are the stars but", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00410-00160857-00161147": "certain what these greens green stars", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00411-00161148-00162216": "energy their energy stocks", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00412-00162217-00163398": "all right we're nearing the end Dale", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00413-00163399-00163848": "and said it's finished December 2015", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00414-00163849-00164189": "alright so there's lots of lots of ways", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00415-00164190-00164450": "to study this and get rich so that's the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00416-00164451-00165050": "end of this this particular view and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00417-00165051-00165335": "here is just a list of them some", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00418-00165336-00165766": "resources the resources exist them on", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00419-00165767-00166170": "cloudmesh on the guitar for the class", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00420-00166171-00167062": "and it has some here's the online online", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00421-00167063-00167465": "URL here is a youtube video describing", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00422-00167466-00167812": "it which is pointed to on this URL and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00423-00167813-00168161": "you can create your own account then", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00424-00168162-00168971": "upload a plot file and you have to have", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00425-00168972-00169451": "index X Y Z cluster ID and label and if", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00426-00169452-00169644": "you don't have a label you better just", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00427-00169645-00169968": "use your which you just put a number", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00428-00169969-00170382": "like 0 or 22 there was a more powerful", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00429-00170383-00170660": "syntax to find in XML for more", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00430-00170661-00170883": "complicated cases but that's not", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00431-00170884-00171260": "necessary for simple cases now we just", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00432-00171261-00171599": "finished this slide set with a set of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00433-00171600-00172040": "resources so here is the collection of", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00434-00172041-00172378": "the web properties resources the k-means", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00435-00172379-00172971": "examples all on the find in github here", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00436-00172972-00173303": "is a place where we have the things like", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00437-00173304-00173723": "the sky kid land versions of k-means", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00438-00173724-00174086": "with URC and this slicer we have various", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00439-00174087-00174287": "examples like t-shirts and dating", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00440-00174288-00174649": "they're available at these links and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00441-00174650-00175035": "this shows another more detail there is", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00442-00175036-00175284": "a Python program for gem which I used to", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00443-00175285-00175581": "generate some artificial clusters for", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00444-00175582-00175872": "clusters in 2d at the weatherstrip what", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00445-00175873-00175991": "happened when you kept on running", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00446-00175992-00176169": "k-means and", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00447-00176170-00176396": "got the wrong answer there's also", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00448-00176397-00176729": "parallel cow which I discuss at the end", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00449-00176730-00177060": "of this unit and this is the t-shirt", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00450-00177061-00177618": "example 85 points and here is the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00451-00177619-00178064": "markdown the basic guitar documentation", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00452-00178065-00178429": "and here is the sky Kaitlyn", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00453-00178430-00178985": "documentation and here is the K&N", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00454-00178986-00179445": "material which is actually that's in the", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00455-00179446-00179837": "third part of this lecture sequence no", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00456-00179838-00180132": "it's not a K&N is related to clustering", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00457-00180133-00180375": "but we define we describe it separately", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00458-00180376-00180800": "in the third part of of this unit thank", "0KmHzKyyn9U-00459-00180801-00181115": "you very much that's the"}}, {"audio_id": "0KEG4MK-kpE", "text": {"0KEG4MK-kpE-00000-00000114-00000301": "[Music]", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00001-00000302-00000539": "hello everybody this is Michael Campbell", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00002-00000540-00000827": "with Classica and it's a great honor to", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00003-00000827-00001253": "sit down in person with Stu Jayraj now", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00004-00001254-00001490": "for those of you who do not know Stu", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00005-00001491-00001885": "Jayraj he runs around the world doing", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00006-00001886-00002215": "business deals and he's an expert on", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00007-00002216-00002474": "cross-cultural communication and not", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00008-00002475-00002710": "only that but he's also known for his", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00009-00002711-00003062": "skills his multilingual skills we're", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00010-00003063-00003410": "here at a an event in Japan and on his", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00011-00003411-00003581": "card here you can see all of the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00012-00003582-00003997": "languages that he speaks I normally go", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00013-00003998-00004172": "to longer list than me well I just left", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00014-00004173-00004436": "it with indigenous indigenous event", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00015-00004437-00004610": "we're promoting today we haven't gone", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00016-00004611-00004763": "through the indigenous year but you know", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00017-00004764-00004972": "languages are kind of interesting and in", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00018-00004973-00005222": "some in some respect that's kind of an", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00019-00005223-00005384": "interesting thing but I think more", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00020-00005385-00005567": "importantly language is a tool for", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00021-00005568-00005795": "communication and so there's a lot more", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00022-00005796-00005959": "involved with communication it's not", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00023-00005960-00006177": "just I'm gonna learn this language", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00024-00006178-00006481": "you're also learning how to be able to", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00025-00006483-00006667": "interact with that culture and the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00026-00006668-00006898": "people there so that's what kind of what", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00027-00006900-00007166": "I want to lead into with this talked", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00028-00007167-00007621": "with you today and so I find it", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00029-00007622-00007939": "interesting that in a lot of cultures", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00030-00007940-00008214": "especially in Asia Southeast Asia", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00031-00008215-00008489": "indirect communication tends to be a", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00032-00008490-00008767": "very effective way to get your message", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00033-00008768-00009155": "across and not saying what you actually", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00034-00009156-00009335": "feel in your heart but actually saying", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00035-00009336-00009644": "the opposite and actually get that that", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00036-00009645-00009892": "meaning across so that the other party", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00037-00009893-00010127": "actually understands that but without", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00038-00010128-00010355": "offending anybody can you share more", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00039-00010356-00010712": "about your experiences and and just just", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00040-00010713-00010864": "to add you know he works with a lot of", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00041-00010865-00011110": "multinational companies around the world", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00042-00011111-00011309": "and so I'm sure you have a lot of", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00043-00011310-00011524": "experiences with with this sort of thing", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00044-00011525-00011849": "that happens yeah but you you just used", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00045-00011850-00012116": "interesting words just now in", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00046-00012117-00012257": "communicating that", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00047-00012258-00012731": "you said in indirect communication okay", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00048-00012732-00013091": "I would argue on the other side of that", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00049-00013091-00013418": "that sometimes communication isn't just", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00050-00013419-00013640": "speech isn't just language and so", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00051-00013641-00013859": "sometimes it's blaring the obvious", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00052-00013860-00014146": "communication it's just without words", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00053-00014147-00014480": "but the westerner or the foreigner", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00054-00014481-00014630": "wherever this person is from because", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00055-00014631-00014797": "actually right now I say in Thailand", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00056-00014799-00015053": "this huge issues with Chinese investors", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00057-00015054-00015215": "coming to Thailand and they going crazy", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00058-00015216-00015515": "pulling their hair out not being able to", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00059-00015516-00015710": "communicate now or read the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00060-00015711-00015860": "communication even though they're", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00061-00015861-00016219": "learning Thai quite efficiently and to", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00062-00016220-00016514": "an in at I mind that communication is", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00063-00016515-00016973": "blaringly clear and loud and so so what", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00064-00016974-00017144": "you're saying is what the Thai person is", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00065-00017145-00017405": "communicating to them is very clear but", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00066-00017406-00017647": "the Chinese person is not moving on the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00067-00017648-00017942": "extra linguistic cue yes so when you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00068-00017943-00018107": "said you said communication here there", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00069-00018108-00018290": "was an insinuation that maybe it's its", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00070-00018291-00018626": "language and so we're not just and so my", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00071-00018627-00018788": "might leave the flip side of that is", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00072-00018789-00019193": "that if you want language use Google", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00073-00019194-00019444": "Translate like seriously like at a", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00074-00019445-00019724": "linguistic level and you have two terms", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00075-00019725-00019943": "to get a general meaning and if you're a", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00076-00019944-00020108": "native speaker in one of the languages", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00077-00020109-00020309": "you can kind of get what's going on but", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00078-00020310-00020525": "the reality is in any business situation", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00079-00020526-00020719": "it goes way beyond that it doesn't mean", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00080-00020720-00020872": "though that the communications not there", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00081-00020873-00021131": "and I tend to think that sometimes you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00082-00021132-00021449": "can you can do really well with business", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00083-00021450-00021625": "meetings without speaking the other", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00084-00021626-00021797": "person's language as long as you're able", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00085-00021798-00022069": "to read the non linguistic use like the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00086-00022070-00022219": "body language that's interesting you say", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00087-00022220-00022457": "that in I believe that that's true many", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00088-00022458-00022679": "of the most successful businesspeople in", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00089-00022680-00022940": "Thailand and many of them have taken on", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00090-00022941-00023177": "Thai citizenship one of the billionaire", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00091-00023178-00023516": "that I know of their tie language is not", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00092-00023517-00023689": "really there but their understanding", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00093-00023690-00024041": "deeply of the culture and the systems", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00094-00024042-00024227": "there and how to work them and if you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00095-00024228-00024322": "don't have the lang", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00096-00024323-00024558": "then what should be put in place they", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00097-00024559-00024904": "are maestro's and so they do and then", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00098-00024905-00025144": "you get other people that may have the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00099-00025145-00025453": "linguistic ability but that mind is not", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00100-00025454-00025656": "there I call it the operating system so", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00101-00025657-00025927": "the OS isn't actually installed for the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00102-00025927-00026425": "mind and they don't do nearly as well so", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00103-00026426-00026710": "there's even a thing that you don't", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00104-00026711-00026986": "necessarily have to have the language to", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00105-00026987-00027229": "be able to function and start", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00106-00027230-00027493": "communicating I would say though there", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00107-00027494-00027637": "is a level though where the language", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00108-00027638-00027983": "kicks in and you can't fully be", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00109-00027985-00028183": "integrated there without the language", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00110-00028183-00028387": "yes yeah that's true", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00111-00028388-00028752": "so do you have any examples of where you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00112-00028754-00029080": "have gone in to perhaps assist a company", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00113-00029081-00029385": "yet with communicating perhaps between", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00114-00029386-00029860": "the management in the West with the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00115-00029861-00030145": "management in in place in the in the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00116-00030145-00030289": "country that you're working on and I", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00117-00030289-00030448": "know it's probably several countries you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00118-00030449-00030733": "work with but man or maybe between the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00119-00030733-00030996": "management and the employees and the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00120-00030997-00031164": "staff and what kind of situations have", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00121-00031166-00031456": "you seen a rise no I can tell you like", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00122-00031457-00031681": "right now one of my clients in aerospace", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00123-00031682-00032149": "and many people in this industry in", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00124-00032150-00032335": "similar industries come into Southeast", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00125-00032336-00032577": "Asia they are so frustrating I tell", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00126-00032578-00032745": "people I want an open-door policy", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00127-00032747-00033001": "they just don't speak and or you know I", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00128-00033002-00033145": "just you've got anything you can", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00129-00033146-00033412": "communicate with me and read it it's", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00130-00033413-00033577": "like that cartoon with the Frog nobody", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00131-00033578-00034174": "speaks however I can tell you as we're", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00132-00034175-00034440": "sitting here as a machinist no well not", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00133-00034441-00034900": "we my phone is buzzing I can feel it", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00134-00034901-00035221": "here it's buzzing with locals on the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00135-00035222-00035510": "ground in an aerospace Factory", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00136-00035511-00035774": "shooting messages communicating their", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00137-00035775-00036121": "hearts out to me and spilling everything", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00138-00036122-00036395": "now so you're the guy that they're", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00139-00036396-00036587": "willing to share everything with well", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00140-00036588-00037019": "I've got a deal that basically a CEO if", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00141-00037020-00037226": "they get me into a company at a regional", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00142-00037227-00037454": "level or the Indonesian time and", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00143-00037455-00037907": "whatever country I go in I'm a third", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00144-00037908-00038195": "party anything that their team members", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00145-00038196-00038477": "tell me is confidential I don't have to", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00146-00038478-00038834": "tell the CEO anything my job is to sit", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00147-00038835-00039080": "to listen and to find out what issues", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00148-00039081-00039293": "their teams are facing the business is", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00149-00039294-00039419": "facing how it might affect their", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00150-00039420-00039521": "business goals because I would have", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00151-00039522-00039743": "spoken to their leadership and then find", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00152-00039744-00039932": "a solution without getting anybody", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00153-00039933-00040202": "individual in trouble right and so I'm", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00154-00040203-00040397": "not sticking names to it and so with", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00155-00040398-00040532": "this one client I've been doing it for", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00156-00040533-00040736": "such a long time I've just set a QR code", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00157-00040737-00040979": "up now and they know that any message", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00158-00040980-00041213": "when they scan this QR code and send an", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00159-00041214-00041381": "anonymous let message I can't even track", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00160-00041382-00041681": "the IP I intentionally did that comes to", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00161-00041682-00041888": "me it comes to there's another one just", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00162-00041889-00042110": "kind of no Vince they love bill that", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00163-00042111-00042317": "trust well over the years they they know", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00164-00042318-00042527": "that I haven't burned them yet okay this", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00165-00042528-00042692": "is into four years working with this one", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00166-00042693-00042821": "client even both them yet and so they", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00167-00042822-00043004": "know they can communicate with me and", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00168-00043005-00043274": "they do like every just today I've", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00169-00043275-00043466": "probably had about 20 messages shooting", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00170-00043467-00043757": "in off of the ground from these guys now", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00171-00043758-00043991": "we've had many incidents that have come", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00172-00043992-00044156": "in summer so and many of them say you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00173-00044157-00044537": "know what you can actually tell my", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00174-00044538-00044738": "manager or you can tell the CEO that I", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00175-00044739-00044978": "said this I just don't want to have to", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00176-00044979-00045365": "say it myself okay and then there are", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00177-00045366-00045530": "other things that they really want to", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00178-00045531-00045692": "tell the CEO but I think it's probably", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00179-00045693-00045890": "not their position this is more of an HR", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00180-00045891-00046151": "issue and actually that would it's it's", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00181-00046152-00046316": "not something that would put them in a", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00182-00046317-00046478": "good like the CEO so I choose another", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00183-00046479-00046658": "way to address the issue that they're", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00184-00046659-00046862": "raising it's not actually a CEO that", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00185-00046863-00047102": "needs to see it or would be the right", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00186-00047103-00047321": "person now if you didn't have the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00187-00047322-00047462": "language in the culture on that ending", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00188-00047463-00047567": "you would just look at that from the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00189-00047568-00047748": "outside through", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00190-00047749-00048204": "the view of we do this in the West Thais", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00191-00048205-00048290": "won't speak", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00192-00048291-00048501": "I tell them come and speak to me they", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00193-00048502-00048705": "won't speak they're very they don't", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00194-00048706-00048873": "communicate but they actually do", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00195-00048874-00049065": "communicate that's just the way of doing", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00196-00049066-00049218": "it an open-door policy with the leader", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00197-00049219-00049374": "because of the hierarchy there you just", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00198-00049375-00049686": "don't do it okay so that's that's one", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00199-00049687-00050226": "area there are other areas where they", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00200-00050227-00050496": "might not say it directly because it's", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00201-00050497-00050702": "rude or because of respect but they will", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00202-00050703-00051008": "send signals not saying something tells", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00203-00051009-00051341": "you something's up I always use that we", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00204-00051342-00051732": "have a concept entire game tag so cling", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00205-00051733-00052139": "day is basic green connect game day so", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00206-00052140-00052590": "if you think of it like this if you are", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00207-00052591-00052638": "born", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00208-00052639-00052860": "you've seen the the Indian gods with all", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00209-00052861-00053040": "the arms so you're born onto this planet", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00210-00053041-00053196": "and you're this club you've got your", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00211-00053197-00053385": "arms knocking everything over those", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00212-00053386-00053663": "those arms the way you look the way you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00213-00053664-00053916": "sound the way you smell and so you're", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00214-00053916-00054219": "gay your goal in life bring day so", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00215-00054220-00054459": "that's your day day is like shins apart", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00216-00054460-00054726": "in in Chinese this is hard logical your", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00217-00054727-00054990": "mind you'll have your mind high medical", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00218-00054991-00055179": "before applied to everything else yeah", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00219-00055179-00055416": "everything everything your existence on", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00220-00055416-00055596": "this planet what effects that you have", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00221-00055597-00055872": "on the people around you so crane is you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00222-00055873-00056079": "want to pull your existence in so you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00223-00056079-00056330": "don't have any effect on anybody", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00224-00056332-00056513": "positive or negative because just", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00225-00056514-00056700": "because you think it's positive maybe to", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00226-00056701-00056888": "this person it's negative so don't have", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00227-00056889-00057159": "an effect on them is better and so you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00228-00057160-00057454": "want to cling day so this is an example", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00229-00057455-00057873": "some time how's the report going for", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00230-00057874-00057953": "Friday", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00231-00057954-00058307": "now crap literally means caught up may I", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00232-00058308-00058524": "receive what's being said now ties might", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00233-00058525-00058662": "translate this to yes", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00234-00058663-00058875": "it's being done and so they'll say yes", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00235-00058876-00059109": "but it doesn't mean yes it means I have", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00236-00059110-00059322": "received what you were inquiring about", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00237-00059323-00059463": "and the fact that I'm not saying", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00238-00059464-00059676": "anything further than this means that", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00239-00059677-00059865": "you probably shouldn't look for a plan B", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00240-00059866-00060266": "now the Westerner will interpret that", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00241-00060267-00060534": "yes or crap is yes oh great okay so", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00242-00060535-00060803": "Friday but you'll be Australian", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00243-00060804-00061069": "conversation as well right so you could", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00244-00061070-00061444": "translate us yes I'm sorry right or I", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00245-00061445-00061646": "hear what you're saying yes but it", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00246-00061647-00061796": "doesn't matter that it just means I hear", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00247-00061797-00061910": "what you're saying but it doesn't mean I", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00248-00061911-00062155": "agree it doesn't mean I agree okay and", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00249-00062157-00062326": "if they disagree you just wouldn't say", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00250-00062327-00062561": "it now in the West they say no that's a", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00251-00062562-00062615": "load of crap", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00252-00062616-00062762": "they're leaving this this room of", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00253-00062763-00063001": "ambiguity there correct so you they they", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00254-00063002-00063173": "only accept they only give you the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00255-00063174-00063359": "message that I've heard what you've said", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00256-00063360-00063550": "correct that's and then they might use", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00257-00063551-00063698": "the English word yes because they're", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00258-00063699-00063878": "told crap means yes as a translation", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00259-00063879-00064099": "yeah I understand that yes also means", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00260-00064100-00064324": "affirmative correct okay and so what you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00261-00064325-00064460": "said in the beginning we'll go back to", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00262-00064461-00064669": "that so listen communication so", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00263-00064670-00064900": "listening to people speak speaking", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00264-00064901-00065041": "English from other cultures when they", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00265-00065042-00065216": "say yes to you does not always mean", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00266-00065216-00065378": "affirmative because there's no such word", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00267-00065379-00065666": "as yes in time as a mini language yeah", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00268-00065667-00066031": "and so so when you if you view that", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00269-00066032-00066149": "there's a video put out on that but", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00270-00066150-00066347": "there's no such word as yes in time so", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00271-00066348-00066479": "coming back to what you said in the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00272-00066480-00066913": "beginning that communication or that is", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00273-00066914-00067160": "not as direct the communication in the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00274-00067161-00067424": "thais mind is totally direct because my", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00275-00067425-00067705": "silence is glaringly obvious", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00276-00067706-00067969": "communication that you need to save me", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00277-00067970-00068180": "here boss", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00278-00068181-00068332": "because they're not saying and anytime", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00279-00068333-00068743": "manager any type our paternal figure", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00280-00068744-00069029": "would see that and then do what it needs", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00281-00069030-00069394": "to take to save the person that is under", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00282-00069395-00069601": "there under there in the network that", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00283-00069602-00069775": "they're taking care of is there anything", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00284-00069776-00069890": "else that you wanted to share with us", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00285-00069891-00069981": "today", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00286-00069982-00070428": "this is if you're having issues doing", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00287-00070429-00070893": "business in across Asia yeah you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00288-00070894-00071040": "probably want to take a step back and", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00289-00071041-00071322": "get in touch with you yeah and you drop", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00290-00071323-00071723": "me a line oh one last thing okay", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00291-00071724-00072051": "interpreters and your communication if", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00292-00072052-00072237": "you are a Western or working across Asia", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00293-00072238-00072528": "and you're only node of communication", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00294-00072529-00072723": "for your organization or the people that", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00295-00072724-00072930": "you're doing deals with are either your", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00296-00072931-00073248": "secretary your HR director or even worse", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00297-00073249-00073485": "a hired translator that you get on the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00298-00073486-00073659": "ground or one then this person supplies", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00299-00073660-00073980": "you you're gonna fail because you're", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00300-00073981-00074174": "always gonna get a skewed message and", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00301-00074175-00074520": "loyalty is not to you it's to who they", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00302-00074521-00074673": "have to live with finish of their life", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00303-00074674-00075018": "okay and so if you think you can always", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00304-00075019-00075153": "trust the message that you're getting", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00305-00075154-00075306": "from hearing they're not doing it badly", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00306-00075307-00075594": "yeah it's not a bad intention to do that", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00307-00075595-00075696": "they are fulfilled trained but they're", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00308-00075697-00075882": "not loyal to you right there yeah and", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00309-00075883-00076095": "they don't have the ethics maybe that", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00310-00076096-00076338": "the Western ethics expect on translators", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00311-00076339-00076503": "so they loyalties not gonna be to you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00312-00076504-00076740": "just understand that so don't think that", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00313-00076741-00076905": "I'll just hire an interpreter when I hit", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00314-00076906-00077136": "the ground for this day or whatever it's", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00315-00077137-00077280": "not gonna work if the other edge of the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00316-00077281-00077535": "sword with that is that you get for", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00317-00077536-00077679": "example Westerners trained in the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00318-00077680-00077883": "language that might have assists these", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00319-00077884-00078144": "people but may not have the experience", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00320-00078145-00078345": "like you've had and go in they don't", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00321-00078346-00078597": "they don't completely understand all of", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00322-00078598-00078867": "the limiter and they also miss translate", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00323-00078868-00079083": "things back to their boss so you need to", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00324-00079084-00079332": "build up networks communication networks", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00325-00079333-00079527": "if you're just relying on interpreters", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00326-00079528-00079740": "or your secretary and your secretary", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00327-00079741-00080067": "might have a political view that is not", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00328-00080068-00080226": "gonna go anywhere near these people but", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00329-00080227-00080367": "actually these people are the people are", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00330-00080368-00080637": "gonna help your companies thrive but", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00331-00080638-00080748": "because of their public political", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00332-00080749-00080943": "mindset they're not gonna let you go", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00333-00080944-00081228": "near that and so you need to build a", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00334-00081229-00081336": "balance thing and again it's something", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00335-00081337-00081528": "that takes time you can't just go in", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00336-00081529-00081594": "there", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00337-00081595-00081878": "bang-bang you also need to know who that", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00338-00081879-00082170": "who that network or who that person's", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00339-00082171-00082320": "network is and who they're plugged into", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00340-00082321-00082482": "as well you know but you want to know", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00341-00082483-00082638": "how to their background if somebody's", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00342-00082639-00082776": "just arrived you wouldn't know so you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00343-00082777-00083010": "need to slow and do your homework and", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00344-00083011-00083247": "get in there but if you think you can", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00345-00083248-00083436": "and and don't just have one node of", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00346-00083437-00083697": "communication you'll build a network", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00347-00083698-00083877": "through and that's what I do", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00348-00083878-00084177": "III go in then I'm the first instance", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00349-00084178-00084372": "but then I'll start to build these", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00350-00084373-00084633": "communication nodes out then that at", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00351-00084634-00084807": "least let the foreigners if they don't", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00352-00084808-00084984": "have the language and cultural ability", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00353-00084985-00085239": "they're getting balanced sources of", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00354-00085240-00085383": "information not just through the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00355-00085384-00085617": "secretary or the HR director or the", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00356-00085618-00085854": "petrukha curent Department which is", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00357-00085855-00086199": "actually you know they don't get it to", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00358-00086200-00086361": "commute procurement departments they're", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00359-00086362-00086634": "like the bane of a lot of crap that goes", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00360-00086635-00086927": "on in companies in Southeast Asia but", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00361-00086928-00087330": "yeah you want to build that Multi multi", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00362-00087331-00087513": "what's the word point communication", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00363-00087514-00087849": "networks well thank you sue Jennifer", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00364-00087850-00088050": "sitting down and having this quick", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00365-00088051-00088209": "interview with you and sharing some of", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00366-00088210-00088410": "you know all of the the massive", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00367-00088411-00088644": "experiences you have stored up in there", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00368-00088645-00088896": "and you have this really amazing", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00369-00088897-00089190": "framework on doing base business and in", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00370-00089191-00089442": "Asia and if any of you are interested in", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00371-00089443-00089673": "expanding some of your business in Asia", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00372-00089674-00089883": "or learning more about the culture and", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00373-00089884-00090186": "everything be sure to check out student", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00374-00090187-00090336": "you also have your own channel on", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00375-00090337-00090600": "YouTube yes - chase if you just do", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00376-00090601-00090804": "Jayraj you'll find it that's - I think", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00377-00090805-00091092": "the underscore tay st you yeah and then", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00378-00091093-00091389": "jjy and then Jake Adam E so Academy but", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00379-00091390-00091584": "take that first I change it to a Jay Jay", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00380-00091585-00091743": "cam so you've got Jake Adam E you also", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00381-00091744-00091935": "have a platform from learning tab that's", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00382-00091936-00092124": "Jake Eddie willow my learning elearning", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00383-00092125-00092337": "stuff set Jake Adam E my blog and things", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00384-00092338-00092508": "so if you just you can read about all", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00385-00092509-00092724": "this stuff is that dominance - Jake calm", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00386-00092725-00092994": "misty you can just a just a real quick", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00387-00092995-00093219": "plug here you've also been a long-term", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00388-00093220-00093510": "fan of classic as well from the very", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00389-00093511-00093720": "beginning days thank you so much yeah", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00390-00093721-00093804": "all right", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00391-00093805-00093933": "thank you very much for having you on", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00392-00093934-00094124": "today thanks Mike", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00393-00094125-00094250": "you", "0KEG4MK-kpE-00394-00094251-00094794": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0KNtKHYDVUc", "text": {"0KNtKHYDVUc-00000-00000260-00000617": "no he's telling my pose no stop please", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00001-00000618-00001229": "that was good you two [__] boiler", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00002-00001230-00001445": "mine then I'm back to the day with", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00003-00001446-00001807": "another bang bang bang bang Banga baby", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00004-00001809-00002140": "man oh god yeah", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00005-00002141-00002339": "pissing right here is gonna be delayed", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00006-00002340-00002516": "because the way Bone Collector did", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00007-00002517-00002765": "CashNet yeah I can't wait to see how he", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00008-00002766-00003151": "does fly and fly - got no defense now", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00009-00003152-00003674": "what a.k.a sideway almost trashed you", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00010-00003675-00003869": "feel me flight just don't look like he", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00011-00003870-00004045": "belongs to sports at all you know he", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00012-00004046-00004193": "just looking coordinated you know I'm", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00013-00004194-00004451": "saying I ain't talking too much junk", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00014-00004452-00004756": "because I can't play basketball I can't", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00015-00004757-00005063": "shoot were down with my defense crazy it", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00016-00005064-00005197": "might not be crazy cuz my Uncle Eddie", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00017-00005198-00005338": "but I don't know I could play flight and", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00018-00005339-00005488": "play good defense and he won't score", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00019-00005489-00005722": "okay his handlers his trash", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00020-00005723-00006059": "anyways flight if you ever see this come", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00021-00006060-00006395": "to NC I'm taking I'm taking the game", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00022-00006396-00006659": "anyways I can't wait to see what Bone", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00023-00006659-00006950": "Collector do to this man bro I'm not", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00024-00006951-00007117": "gonna watch the whole 14 minutes I'm", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00025-00007118-00007292": "gonna try to get in some good parts you", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00026-00007293-00007360": "feed me", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00027-00007361-00007658": "she was good though because I know he", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00028-00007659-00007856": "gonna start off doing it man crazy let's", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00029-00007856-00007942": "get into it", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00030-00007943-00008346": "let's see transfer over in real life", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00031-00008347-00008549": "yeah", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00032-00008550-00009107": "if you like talking to me now but give", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00033-00009108-00009344": "them ball first sign of disrespect", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00034-00009345-00009587": "somebody tell y'all well when the man", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00035-00009588-00009848": "tells you in in a fight and basketball", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00036-00009849-00010103": "and whatever enlighten me if y'all talk", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00037-00010104-00010418": "it up and he says no more talking let's", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00038-00010419-00010661": "do whether it's fighting or sport or", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00039-00010662-00010736": "anything", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00040-00010737-00010955": "hey by the deal and a dirty take that", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00041-00010956-00011218": "lesson from me he bout to do you dirty", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00042-00011219-00011780": "and given by please no fly hand is", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00043-00011781-00011948": "already looking mighty time I want to", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00044-00011949-00012680": "get to the good point here's what I need", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00045-00012681-00012971": "I am", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00046-00012972-00013569": "started on them so easy bro that has he", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00047-00013569-00016455": "crazy like oh my god don't reach what", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00048-00016456-00016619": "cash nice even taught you that lesson", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00049-00016620-00016992": "don't reach", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00050-00016993-00017298": "[Applause]", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00051-00017299-00017744": "yeah bro how is he doing that nasty", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00052-00017745-00018372": "thing is nasty burn no you got three", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00053-00018373-00018620": "points already man", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00054-00018621-00019191": "these came with ease bro try these get", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00055-00019192-00019451": "chance", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00056-00019452-00019566": "yeah", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00057-00019567-00019836": "[Applause]", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00058-00019837-00020216": "but don't don't dance on the table", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00059-00020217-00021393": "[Applause]", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00060-00021394-00021645": "frankly like smoke the light winds with", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00061-00021646-00021846": "toddlers who just pick up a ball for the", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00062-00021847-00022002": "first time and just be trying to", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00063-00022003-00022200": "shooting they'll know what they're doing", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00064-00022201-00022500": "like flight like you got no rhythm no", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00065-00022501-00022740": "sight nothing it shot meat is always at", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00066-00022741-00023886": "the bottom ou re going", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00067-00023887-00024313": "chimes give the air", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00068-00024314-00024627": "[Applause]", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00069-00024628-00025020": "flexion and I like him being alone at", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00070-00025021-00025472": "all", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00071-00025473-00026866": "[Applause]", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00072-00026867-00027314": "yo he is killing fight right now gone", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00073-00027316-00028170": "[Applause]", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00074-00028172-00028567": "you know he's touring this flight well", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00075-00028568-00029318": "Tory would fight fight fight his time of", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00076-00029319-00029494": "life", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00077-00029495-00030281": "oh I know he went my do dancing you in", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00078-00030282-00031214": "school hey guys so like to be down like", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00079-00031214-00031475": "20 something nothing bro I had never", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00080-00031476-00031751": "seen nobody excited to [__] be losing", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00081-00031752-00031910": "though", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00082-00031911-00032815": "[Applause]", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00083-00032816-00033340": "hey guys everybody watch you fly across", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00084-00033341-00033983": "[Applause]", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00085-00033984-00035792": "oh I can't watch them oh oh I know", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00086-00035793-00036095": "I can't watch no more I can't watch no", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00087-00036096-00036458": "more I can't watch no more I looked in", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00088-00036459-00036640": "the comments anyway flight got it as", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00089-00036641-00036881": "well I think what fitting one oh my god", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00090-00036882-00037223": "I can't watch no more guys I'm sorry I", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00091-00037224-00037376": "could just not watch the boy that", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00092-00037377-00037625": "horrible dad's gay flight broke star", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00093-00037626-00037982": "usually never tall jump bro you should", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00094-00037983-00038351": "never talk jump well oh my god he did", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00095-00038352-00038510": "you dirty well you didn't get your", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00096-00038511-00038906": "ankles back you need to get your ankles", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00097-00038907-00039143": "back Bo ain't nothing does a sip then go", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00098-00039144-00039356": "that go about it nothing but you need", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00099-00039357-00039620": "your ankles bank thought hey YouTube", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00100-00039621-00039821": "miss your little mind did it that with", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00101-00039822-00040235": "another bang bang bang her man a flight", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00102-00040236-00040499": "I'm sorry bro you trash you try some", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00103-00040500-00040829": "basketball cash nasty he tries to but", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00104-00040830-00041156": "you trash sir you just don't oh my god", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00105-00041157-00041639": "bro he bounced off your head and made", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00106-00041640-00041855": "you fall and made you run into the wall", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00107-00041856-00042104": "but you did score point I got dude yo", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00108-00042105-00042320": "credit you scored a point cash things", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00109-00042321-00042644": "going on so oh my god that's the end of", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00110-00042645-00042854": "the video man oh my god i mighta go", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00111-00042855-00043064": "shoot some hoops or something I just", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00112-00043065-00043246": "feel like I need to practice for summary", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00113-00043247-00043481": "and I said a bicycle I shot a basketball", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00114-00043482-00043745": "so [__] long oh my god bro y'all go", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00115-00043746-00043925": "watch my last video I was on the road or", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00116-00043926-00044179": "what k get your brother mine did it to", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00117-00044180-00044486": "1k subscribers man I'm on a road it's", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00118-00044487-00044585": "kind of been growing", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00119-00044586-00044750": "y'all make sure y'all subscribe like the", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00120-00044751-00044930": "video comment down below as you want", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00121-00044931-00045052": "your boy to react to next", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00122-00045053-00045287": "and tell them that post notification is", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00123-00045288-00046238": "you saw your family", "0KNtKHYDVUc-00124-00046239-00046632": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0KSPdS0fZ7o", "text": {"0KSPdS0fZ7o-00000-00000600-00000671": "hello all", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00001-00000672-00000927": "thanks for coming to my talk my name is", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00002-00000927-00001039": "andy wingo", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00003-00001040-00001311": "uh and this talk is about compiling to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00004-00001312-00001519": "webassembly webassembly as a target", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00005-00001520-00001679": "archer architecture for", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00006-00001680-00002047": "compilers in this talk we're going to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00007-00002048-00002215": "have a little hands-on intro", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00008-00002216-00002575": "to webassembly and we then we're going", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00009-00002576-00002734": "to proceed to write a tiny scheme", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00010-00002735-00002895": "compiler", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00011-00002896-00003102": "we're going to talk about the bits that", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00012-00003103-00003383": "we can't get to in the live coding part", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00013-00003384-00003575": "and then we're going to mention the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00014-00003576-00003711": "different kinds of questions that you", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00015-00003711-00003822": "will need to answer if you're", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00016-00003823-00004031": "considering targeting webassembly from", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00017-00004032-00004247": "your language and if you'd like to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00018-00004248-00004343": "follow along", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00019-00004344-00004654": "there is a github repository", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00020-00004655-00004838": "with all the supporting information that", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00021-00004839-00005022": "you might need", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00022-00005023-00005335": "so to be concrete let's take", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00023-00005336-00005695": "this simple scheme program the recursive", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00024-00005696-00005822": "factorial", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00025-00005823-00006047": "and we would like to look to try to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00026-00006048-00006263": "compile this to webassembly", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00027-00006264-00006422": "now when i work on a compiler i like to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00028-00006423-00006646": "think about what kind of code", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00029-00006647-00006887": "i would like the source term to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00030-00006888-00006998": "residualize to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00031-00007000-00007263": "so in this case i need to think about", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00032-00007264-00007510": "what should the web assembly look like", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00033-00007511-00007910": "um for re that's the result of compiling", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00034-00007911-00008014": "the recursive effect", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00035-00008015-00008367": "factorial and uh happily webassembly is", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00036-00008368-00008423": "defined", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00037-00008424-00008599": "in such a way that has a standardized", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00038-00008600-00008823": "text format that corresponds", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00039-00008824-00009199": "exactly to the binary whereas", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00040-00009200-00009383": "the binary is wasm though the text", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00041-00009384-00009551": "format is called what", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00042-00009552-00009855": "it's implemented using s expressions", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00043-00009856-00010191": "which is kind of nice and it's a bunch", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00044-00010192-00010255": "of", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00045-00010256-00010423": "sections in the file we don't need to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00046-00010424-00010574": "actually touch on all these for this", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00047-00010575-00010678": "example", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00048-00010679-00010831": "we're just going to look at types", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00049-00010832-00011151": "functions and export sections", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00050-00011152-00011487": "so if we switch over to the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00051-00011488-00011846": "editor here uh start my module", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00052-00011847-00012183": "module um first i got to think about the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00053-00012184-00012367": "types right so", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00054-00012368-00012687": "what's what's the type of factorial", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00055-00012688-00012902": "defect we give it a name these things", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00056-00012903-00013038": "with the dollar signs in front of them", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00057-00013039-00013135": "is just a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00058-00013136-00013358": "a name for the purposes of the text", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00059-00013359-00013647": "format it's not actually used", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00060-00013647-00013894": "it's not reified in the binary it's just", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00061-00013895-00013999": "a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00062-00014000-00014286": "nice theme so the factorial function", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00063-00014287-00014391": "takes", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00064-00014391-00014686": "one parameter it's a number well", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00065-00014687-00014847": "webassembly only has", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00066-00014847-00015150": "four different data types as i-32", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00067-00015151-00015471": "i-64 f-32", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00068-00015472-00015775": "f64 and that's it so we have to figure", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00069-00015776-00015911": "out how to express our program", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00070-00015912-00016135": "using these this pause reset of of", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00071-00016136-00016311": "primitives", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00072-00016312-00016455": "in this case we're going to have one", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00073-00016456-00016663": "parameter which is an i32", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00074-00016664-00016919": "and one result which is an i32 you can", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00075-00016920-00017007": "have as many", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00076-00017008-00017191": "results as you like as many parameters", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00077-00017192-00017327": "as you like", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00078-00017328-00017567": "web browsers commonly put some", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00079-00017568-00017791": "restrictions on these", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00080-00017792-00017950": "like you can only have up to i don't", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00081-00017951-00018111": "know a thousand parameters or a hundred", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00082-00018112-00018279": "thousand parameters or something", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00083-00018280-00018399": "but in practice it's not really a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00084-00018400-00018679": "limitation okay so when i go to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00085-00018680-00018863": "write the function for factorial again i", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00086-00018864-00019063": "give it a name", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00087-00019064-00019383": "it has type tfac", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00088-00019384-00019622": "meaning it has one parameter and one", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00089-00019623-00019799": "result the incoming parameter will be", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00090-00019800-00020055": "mapped to local variable number zero if", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00091-00020056-00020214": "i had more locals i could declare them", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00092-00020215-00020422": "here like i32 i32", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00093-00020423-00020591": "that would mean a total of three locals", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00094-00020592-00020735": "including the parameter but in this case", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00095-00020736-00020975": "we don't actually need a local variable", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00096-00020976-00021519": "so if i look at the source program", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00097-00021520-00021967": "i need to start by doing this if", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00098-00021968-00022278": "and webassembly is a strange machine it", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00099-00022279-00022350": "doesn't have", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00100-00022351-00022622": "goto although it has a nested if then", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00101-00022623-00022775": "else it's not very useful", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00102-00022776-00023039": "the the generic the general uh control", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00103-00023040-00023167": "flow primitive has is", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00104-00023168-00023471": "is blocks unconditional breaks uh so", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00105-00023472-00023863": "a block is essentially a a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00106-00023864-00024167": "region of code which is also a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00107-00024168-00024399": "jump target you can jump to a block", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00108-00024400-00024550": "there are essentially two kinds of", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00109-00024551-00024607": "blocks", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00110-00024608-00024830": "not counting the if then else there's a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00111-00024831-00024950": "block and a loop", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00112-00024951-00025191": "and if you jump to a block you end up", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00113-00025192-00025407": "jumping to the end of the block and if", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00114-00025408-00025591": "you jump to a loop", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00115-00025592-00025734": "and this is a loop that has to be sort", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00116-00025735-00025894": "of in scope to the jump", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00117-00025895-00026031": "then you jump to the beginning of the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00118-00026032-00026270": "loop and and that's all you have", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00119-00026272-00026535": "so in this case of of my if i'm going to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00120-00026536-00026614": "go", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00121-00026616-00026831": "i'm going to make one block block called", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00122-00026832-00027039": "b1", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00123-00027039-00027390": "and then blocks have a type they have a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00124-00027391-00027446": "number of", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00125-00027447-00027646": "incoming values on the stack and then", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00126-00027647-00027846": "they have a number of outgoing values on", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00127-00027847-00027983": "the stack", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00128-00027983-00028174": "so in this case i'm going to have this", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00129-00028175-00028407": "block to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00130-00028408-00028574": "have no incoming values because there", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00131-00028575-00028727": "are no incoming values at the start of", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00132-00028727-00028862": "the program", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00133-00028863-00029079": "at the start of the function and i'll", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00134-00029080-00029190": "just let its", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00135-00029191-00029527": "it's one value flow out to be the return", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00136-00029527-00029774": "value of the function and i could i", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00137-00029775-00029902": "could give a name to that", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00138-00029904-00030302": "type tb1 uh block type is essentially a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00139-00030303-00030470": "function type so it has no parameters", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00140-00030472-00030718": "and it has one result", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00141-00030719-00031023": "and so type", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00142-00031024-00031335": "tb1 there are some shorthands", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00143-00031336-00031870": "for block types which", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00144-00031872-00032174": "only have one or zero return values i'll", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00145-00032175-00032287": "just write them out in full", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00146-00032288-00032574": "here it doesn't really matter so now i'm", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00147-00032575-00032623": "in", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00148-00032624-00032911": "block tb1 this is going to be one one", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00149-00032912-00033046": "arm of the if", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00150-00033047-00033287": "and i need another block to be the other", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00151-00033288-00033383": "arm of the if", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00152-00033384-00033711": "so inside these two statements", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00153-00033712-00033831": "but in this case i'm not going to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00154-00033832-00034046": "actually flow out of value we'll see why", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00155-00034047-00034215": "in a minute", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00156-00034216-00034431": "this will be tb2 with no parameters and", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00157-00034432-00034646": "results", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00158-00034647-00034887": "okay i think you're getting the feeling", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00159-00034888-00035007": "that webassembly is a little bit of a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00160-00035008-00035118": "weird machine", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00161-00035119-00035702": "look back again at the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00162-00035703-00036039": "factorial program i say if 0 if n is 0.", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00163-00036040-00036199": "so first i have to get n", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00164-00036200-00036399": "because this is a stack machine now do", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00165-00036400-00036615": "that by doing local.get", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00166-00036616-00036902": "because the parameter n is the first", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00167-00036903-00036999": "parameter", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00168-00037000-00037279": "that's index 0. and there is an", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00169-00037280-00037343": "instruction", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00170-00037344-00037655": "called i32.xd which", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00171-00037656-00037967": "pops the top of the stack", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00172-00037968-00038167": "and pushes a one if the top of the stack", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00173-00038168-00038287": "was zero", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00174-00038288-00038599": "and pushes a zero otherwise and then i", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00175-00038600-00038679": "use br", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00176-00038680-00039087": "if so if the which pops the top of the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00177-00039088-00039135": "stack", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00178-00039136-00039471": "and if it's non-zero it will jump to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00179-00039472-00039830": "the target in this case b2", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00180-00039831-00040030": "so if the top of the stack is non-zero", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00181-00040031-00040215": "jump to b2 what does it mean to jump to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00182-00040216-00040295": "b2", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00183-00040296-00040551": "it means to jump to the end of block b2", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00184-00040552-00040599": "that's", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00185-00040600-00040807": "uh that's how blocks work if you jump to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00186-00040808-00041055": "them control flow continues at the end", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00187-00041056-00041439": "so here after b2 let's imagine i'm doing", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00188-00041440-00041518": "the um", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00189-00041519-00041751": "the then branch of the if which is one", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00190-00041752-00041911": "so i32.const", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00191-00041912-00042111": "one that's how you make a constant", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00192-00042112-00042246": "webassembly", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00193-00042247-00042615": "and then this value will simply flow out", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00194-00042616-00042918": "of the block it will flow out of block", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00195-00042919-00043071": "b1", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00196-00043072-00043311": "it will flow out in fact to be the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00197-00043312-00043502": "return value of the function", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00198-00043503-00043887": "so we've implemented the then side", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00199-00043888-00044135": "of the if now we have to implement the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00200-00044136-00044190": "else", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00201-00044191-00044502": "side so", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00202-00044503-00044823": "let's see times n so first let's", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00203-00044824-00044887": "evaluate", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00204-00044888-00045255": "n local dot", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00205-00045256-00045639": "zero that's n and then", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00206-00045640-00046039": "minus n one okay so local dot get", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00207-00046040-00046530": "zero again i32.const", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00208-00046531-00046935": "i32.sub you see this is uh", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00209-00046936-00047102": "like the old calculators it was reverse", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00210-00047103-00047239": "polish notation", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00211-00047240-00047630": "um so i32.sub will pop two things from", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00212-00047631-00047686": "the stack", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00213-00047687-00048062": "and push the deepest one", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00214-00048063-00048367": "minus the shallow one so now we have our", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00215-00048368-00048543": "two values on the stack", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00216-00048544-00048855": "and we are going to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00217-00048856-00049246": "call fact", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00218-00049247-00049455": "as you see as a compiled target", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00219-00049456-00049615": "webassembly", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00220-00049616-00049902": "doesn't have unstructured go to it also", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00221-00049903-00050118": "doesn't have unstructured", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00222-00050119-00050327": "stack access there's no stack pointer", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00223-00050328-00050518": "that's accessible to you there's no", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00224-00050519-00050718": "link register program counter any of", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00225-00050719-00050823": "that you can't even", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00226-00050824-00051207": "um you know alias the stack to anything", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00227-00051208-00051542": "and walk the stack this is what you have", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00228-00051544-00051702": "once we call the factorial we're going", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00229-00051703-00051902": "to need to multiply", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00230-00051903-00052254": "this this one stays", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00231-00052255-00052630": "on stack over the call", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00232-00052632-00053023": "so i32.mul which will multiply the two", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00233-00053024-00053254": "and here recall that the type of this", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00234-00053255-00053454": "block has no results", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00235-00053455-00053759": "so i just need to that i could i could", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00236-00053760-00053926": "branch", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00237-00053927-00054311": "i could actually uh be our", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00238-00054312-00054615": "two so not to zero", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00239-00054616-00054935": "not to block zero in depth and not to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00240-00054936-00054991": "block", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00241-00054991-00055191": "one in depth but actually to block two", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00242-00055191-00055359": "in depth because the function makes a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00243-00055360-00055494": "an implicit block what i'm gonna do is", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00244-00055495-00055654": "i'm just gonna say return which", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00245-00055655-00055799": "effectively does the same it will branch", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00246-00055800-00055975": "to the outermost block", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00247-00055976-00056279": "um that's my uh", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00248-00056279-00056519": "that's my function i simply need to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00249-00056520-00056871": "export it", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00250-00056872-00057423": "to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00251-00057424-00057863": "to the to the whoever loads webassembly", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00252-00057864-00057991": "because webassembly is a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00253-00057991-00058287": "is something that you embed right so we", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00254-00058288-00058342": "have", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00255-00058344-00058679": "our uh program here i", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00256-00058679-00058959": "hope it type checks let's move over to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00257-00058960-00058999": "our", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00258-00059000-00059599": "terminal and we can do", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00259-00059600-00059903": "what to wasm this is a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00260-00059904-00060303": "utility from the wabbit project wabt", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00261-00060304-00060791": "what to wasm fact.what", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00262-00060791-00061119": "you know what so the problem is is that", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00263-00061120-00061454": "uh they they use the spirit of s", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00264-00061455-00061582": "expressions but they didn't actually use", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00265-00061583-00061703": "reality so some", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00266-00061704-00061854": "things like comments like you would use", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00267-00061855-00062054": "in scheme they don't actually work", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00268-00062055-00062342": "so i remove my my comment and i see i", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00269-00062344-00062566": "got no errors", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00270-00062567-00062887": "and as you can see the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00271-00062888-00063247": "wasm file is 67 bytes", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00272-00063248-00063526": "which is kind of nice i can give this a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00273-00063527-00063575": "test", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00274-00063576-00063879": "by i have a little html file that will", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00275-00063879-00063959": "load up the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00276-00063960-00064159": "the wisem file so i need to make a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00277-00064160-00064511": "little web server", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00278-00064512-00064991": "dash python dot server", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00279-00064991-00065311": "python 3 dash dam http okay", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00280-00065312-00065599": "so now i'm running a little web server i", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00281-00065600-00065775": "can go to my web browser", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00282-00065776-00066103": "not that web browser um", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00283-00066104-00066447": "one moment right this web browser i open", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00284-00066448-00066591": "up my html page", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00285-00066592-00066815": "oh i'm getting some errors faq is not a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00286-00066816-00066935": "function", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00287-00066936-00067103": "you know what i think i need to go back", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00288-00067104-00067263": "to my emacs", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00289-00067264-00067471": "i actually export it using the wrong", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00290-00067472-00067631": "name", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00291-00067632-00067943": "i export function as faq", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00292-00067944-00068263": "back to my terminal", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00293-00068264-00068647": "what wasm restart my web server", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00294-00068648-00068975": "back to my web browser reload", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00295-00068976-00069359": "excellent got some factorials fact 30", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00296-00069360-00069782": "fact 31 bag", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00297-00069783-00070015": "32 oh it's negative that's right we're", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00298-00070016-00070206": "using i32 values", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00299-00070207-00070503": "funny um so we have our desired", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00300-00070504-00070743": "webassembly it's small", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00301-00070744-00070982": "let's see how we can use scheme to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00302-00070983-00071159": "produce this but again", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00303-00071160-00071382": "here's a link to the wabbit utility", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00304-00071383-00071511": "which", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00305-00071512-00071847": "provides this wet wise code", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00306-00071848-00072055": "let's work on making a simple compiler", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00307-00072056-00072159": "from scheme", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00308-00072160-00072511": "to webassembly all right so if we look", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00309-00072512-00072606": "at", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00310-00072607-00072775": "at the the program we're compiling", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00311-00072776-00072982": "factorial", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00312-00072983-00073375": "it has we're going to need to scan", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00313-00073376-00073575": "all the forms in the file for", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00314-00073576-00073719": "definitions", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00315-00073720-00074094": "and we will transform them into a set of", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00316-00074095-00074271": "types functions and exports", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00317-00074272-00074438": "for simplicity we'll just export each", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00318-00074439-00074662": "top level function", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00319-00074663-00074935": "as we the webassembly being a stack", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00320-00074936-00075031": "based language it's", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00321-00075032-00075255": "quite convenient to just traverse the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00322-00075256-00075471": "body of the function", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00323-00075472-00075767": "just in a direct fashion and we'll need", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00324-00075768-00075838": "to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00325-00075839-00076119": "record types as we see them so we'll", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00326-00076120-00077167": "open a new file compile that sem", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00327-00077168-00077431": "a um of the pattern matching facility", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00328-00077432-00077494": "and", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00329-00077495-00077815": "uh here we go define compile", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00330-00077816-00077975": "port so we're going to read our forms", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00331-00077976-00078255": "from a port", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00332-00078256-00078567": "and at the end of the the compile", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00333-00078568-00078775": "program somewhere we're going to say", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00334-00078776-00078919": "loop through", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00335-00078920-00079238": "the forms that come in", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00336-00079239-00079582": "on uh on the port", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00337-00079583-00079903": "and unless it's an eof", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00338-00079904-00080438": "object", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00339-00080439-00080750": "compile form form", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00340-00080751-00081031": "uh and and then continue so we'll loop", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00341-00081032-00081167": "until we're done there", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00342-00081168-00081319": "and as you can see this is an imperative", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00343-00081320-00081519": "loop i will just define my", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00344-00081520-00081775": "types as a little list which i'll be", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00345-00081776-00081967": "adding to as i go", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00346-00081968-00082406": "and same for the funcs and the exports", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00347-00082407-00082638": "and then when i'm all done i'm going to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00348-00082639-00082711": "make a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00349-00082712-00083055": "module i'll add to the types", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00350-00083056-00083559": "in the beginning so i will reverse", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00351-00083560-00083831": "them when i write them into the final", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00352-00083832-00083991": "form", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00353-00083992-00084271": "reverse types reverse funcs and reverse", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00354-00084272-00084471": "exports", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00355-00084472-00084926": "and if i load up", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00356-00084927-00085199": "pretty print and i should be able to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00357-00085200-00085471": "pretty print", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00358-00085472-00085862": "this form okay", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00359-00085863-00086150": "um so now i just have to implement the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00360-00086151-00086543": "compile form right", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00361-00086544-00086882": "and if i do some pattern matching on the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00362-00086883-00087167": "form", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00363-00087168-00087438": "it starts with define it has a function", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00364-00087439-00087550": "name", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00365-00087551-00088111": "has some args and it has a body", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00366-00088112-00088438": "so first thing i will", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00367-00088439-00089126": "see here", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00368-00089127-00089494": "add funk f what's the type of the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00369-00089495-00089662": "function we're going to have to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00370-00089663-00090094": "add this type as we go we'll assume", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00371-00090095-00090526": "let's see in turn type", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00372-00090527-00090791": "now what what is the type of of the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00373-00090792-00090935": "function how many arguments does it get", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00374-00090936-00091031": "what what", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00375-00091032-00091223": "how do we choose to represent them how", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00376-00091224-00091406": "many return values does it have", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00377-00091407-00091711": "how are we going to represent that", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00378-00091712-00092038": "we'll just say map arg type over our", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00379-00092039-00092191": "args", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00380-00092192-00092455": "arg is going to be a list and then for", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00381-00092456-00092526": "the results", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00382-00092527-00092726": "let's assume we just return a single", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00383-00092727-00092887": "value um", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00384-00092888-00093015": "but the single value is going to be an", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00385-00093016-00093335": "i32 as you say simple compiler", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00386-00093336-00093671": "define arg type arg", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00387-00093672-00093974": "what's the arc type also i32", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00388-00093975-00094326": "no big deal so that's going to be the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00389-00094327-00094759": "type of the function", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00390-00094760-00094991": "and then for the body the issue is is", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00391-00094992-00095182": "that this is a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00392-00095183-00095382": "this is a classic recursive problem we", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00393-00095383-00095535": "need to scan for what", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00394-00095536-00095735": "definitions they are and then visit the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00395-00095736-00095903": "uses of those definitions", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00396-00095904-00096279": "so i'm going to delay the compilation of", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00397-00096280-00096438": "the body by simply", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00398-00096439-00096903": "putting inside a lambda", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00399-00096904-00097311": "compile", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00400-00097312-00097511": "and we compile it in an environment the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00401-00097512-00097799": "incoming arguments define a set of local", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00402-00097800-00098047": "local variables that we can use so we", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00403-00098048-00098182": "will turn the arguments to an", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00404-00098183-00098743": "environment", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00405-00098744-00098991": "and we'll also add this function as an", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00406-00098992-00099199": "export", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00407-00099200-00099518": "using what name symbols", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00408-00099519-00099855": "string f so back like", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00409-00099856-00100335": "like that and what identifier", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00410-00100336-00100687": "f and that", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00411-00100688-00101087": "is our compile form what about args to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00412-00101088-00101591": "end", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00413-00101592-00101750": "how are we going to represent represent", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00414-00101751-00102231": "our environment", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00415-00102232-00102406": "what we essentially need is a map from", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00416-00102407-00102790": "name to index of local variable", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00417-00102791-00103118": "that we can add on to very easily we're", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00418-00103119-00103478": "simply just going to reverse that list", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00419-00103479-00103830": "seeing how many times looking for the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00420-00103831-00103999": "the value in the list and then how long", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00421-00104000-00104166": "the tail is after that", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00422-00104167-00104302": "we'll see how we use that a little bit", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00423-00104303-00104654": "later actually we can define that now", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00424-00104655-00105023": "hook up local um", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00425-00105024-00105383": "in an environment", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00426-00105383-00105775": "match memcue local", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00427-00105776-00106190": "and memcue searches for a value in a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00428-00106191-00106302": "list and returns", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00429-00106303-00106790": "the head of the list at which it's found", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00430-00106791-00106958": "this is the last one we'll have no tail", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00431-00106959-00107127": "the length of the tail is zero", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00432-00107128-00107247": "next last one we'll have the length of", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00433-00107248-00107423": "the tail is one and that's how we'll", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00434-00107424-00107495": "we'll", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00435-00107496-00107823": "find our", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00436-00107824-00108063": "do our mappings from names to numbers", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00437-00108064-00108127": "great", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00438-00108128-00108463": "um so now what's left to do", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00439-00108464-00109158": "in turn type let's give that a bang", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00440-00109159-00109471": "and turn type so we have params", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00441-00109472-00110054": "and results", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00442-00110055-00110415": "the type that we are going to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00443-00110416-00110743": "reify we might as well just", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00444-00110744-00111071": "make it right now type", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00445-00111072-00111495": "pram params", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00446-00111496-00111823": "result this is the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00447-00111824-00112083": "watt that we will residualize to the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00448-00112083-00112231": "file", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00449-00112232-00112407": "but if we see a certain type twice we", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00450-00112408-00112575": "might as well", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00451-00112576-00113343": "not look for it again so", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00452-00113344-00113663": "if match member", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00453-00113664-00113990": "key types meaning", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00454-00113991-00114502": "if we see the type in the list", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00455-00114503-00115286": "then we will return the index um", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00456-00115288-00115775": "otherwise", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00457-00115776-00116439": "the index is the length of types", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00458-00116440-00116823": "set so imperative set types", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00459-00116824-00117143": "const type types", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00460-00117144-00117663": "say not key let's use type here", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00461-00117664-00117915": "and return the index", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00462-00117916-00118158": "[Music]", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00463-00118159-00118727": "and turn type okay", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00464-00118728-00118878": "so turn type is going to give us an", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00465-00118879-00119119": "index into the types of this", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00466-00119120-00119471": "module i think what's remaining", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00467-00119472-00119839": "is add export", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00468-00119840-00120143": "and compile x", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00469-00120144-00120271": "let's go ahead and take care of the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00470-00120272-00120919": "export now", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00471-00120920-00121175": "uh we are simply going to do a similar", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00472-00121176-00121351": "consonant to the beginning of the list", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00473-00121352-00121663": "set exports", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00474-00121664-00122102": "cons export name", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00475-00122103-00122414": "funk but we need to get a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00476-00122415-00123063": "an index for the function so um", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00477-00123064-00123543": "lookup func id", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00478-00123544-00123951": "we're going to cons that to exports", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00479-00123952-00124134": "and we don't need it we don't care about", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00480-00124135-00124799": "the return value", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00481-00124800-00124927": "as well make this other look of lookup", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00482-00124928-00125454": "local", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00483-00125455-00127483": "look up funk um", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00484-00127483-00127966": "options", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00485-00127967-00128271": "if a head is a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00486-00128272-00128583": "funk with a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00487-00128583-00129039": "name with that id", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00488-00129040-00129990": "followed by something other with a tail", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00489-00129991-00130302": "if the id equals f then its length of", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00490-00130303-00130439": "funks", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00491-00130440-00130743": "similar to before otherwise occurs on", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00492-00130744-00131031": "funks", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00493-00131032-00131319": "and if we get to if it doesn't match it", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00494-00131320-00131431": "means we've run out of the list and", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00495-00131432-00131683": "we're actually looking up an unbound", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00496-00131684-00132014": "variable", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00497-00132015-00132239": "does that match what we actually pushed", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00498-00132240-00132319": "onto the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00499-00132320-00133383": "func list in the add funcs", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00500-00133384-00133654": "compile form we haven't actually", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00501-00133655-00134343": "admitted add func that's the issue", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00502-00134344-00134719": "we get an id we get a type index", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00503-00134720-00135135": "and we get a body", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00504-00135136-00135471": "set funcs", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00505-00135472-00136007": "func id type", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00506-00136008-00136407": "index and the body which is a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00507-00136408-00136607": "lambda at this point constant that onto", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00508-00136608-00136959": "fungs", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00509-00136960-00137247": "great i think at this point we have", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00510-00137248-00137407": "everything we need to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00511-00137408-00137719": "go into compile x and this is kind of", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00512-00137720-00138911": "the meat of the thing", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00513-00138912-00139087": "all right so compiling the expression as", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00514-00139088-00139239": "you know we go back to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00515-00139240-00139559": "fact scm", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00516-00139560-00139743": "we have what are the different kinds of", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00517-00139744-00139895": "expressions we have we have", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00518-00139896-00140231": "called to zero we have constants we have", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00519-00140232-00140447": "lexical references we have calls to top", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00520-00140448-00140590": "level procedures", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00521-00140591-00140790": "we have procedures like minus and we", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00522-00140791-00140935": "have an if", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00523-00140936-00141063": "so we're going to have to match on these", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00524-00141064-00141295": "different expression kinds", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00525-00141296-00141607": "match on expression", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00526-00141608-00141823": "so first of all is it a what if it's", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00527-00141824-00142054": "just a symbol", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00528-00142055-00142183": "in that case it's probably a local", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00529-00142184-00142407": "variable so", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00530-00142408-00142726": "we're going to say local", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00531-00142727-00143063": "get look up local", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00532-00143064-00143431": "id um", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00533-00143432-00143807": "we are actually going to uh because each", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00534-00143808-00143983": "expression the source language can", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00535-00143984-00144135": "compile to a number of expressions in", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00536-00144136-00144207": "the target", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00537-00144208-00144359": "we're going to each each one of these", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00538-00144360-00144583": "compilers is going to return a list", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00539-00144584-00144807": "that way we'll be able to produce the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00540-00144808-00145087": "what format more easily", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00541-00145088-00145711": "what if the expression is a number", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00542-00145712-00146014": "more specifically exact integer we", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00543-00146015-00147083": "can use i32.const as we said before", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00544-00147084-00147351": "okay what if", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00545-00147352-00147687": "uh the expression is an if", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00546-00147688-00148014": "if test then else", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00547-00148015-00148295": "okay as we showed before we are going to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00548-00148296-00148454": "use", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00549-00148455-00148959": "a block uh whose type is", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00550-00148960-00149231": "in turn type we have a bit of", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00551-00149232-00149319": "imperativeness", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00552-00149320-00149575": "in the in the heart here and turn type", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00553-00149576-00149687": "of uh", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00554-00149688-00150375": "nothing incoming but i32 outgoing", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00555-00150376-00150775": "and how do we start we start with", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00556-00150776-00150983": "another block inside it", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00557-00150984-00151295": "and turn type", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00558-00151296-00151607": "nothing incoming and nothing outgoing so", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00559-00151608-00151743": "having set up our two", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00560-00151744-00151959": "different jump targets we can return", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00561-00151960-00152095": "refer to the closest one as", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00562-00152096-00152319": "as jump target zero and then the one", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00563-00152320-00152566": "that's one step out is jump target one", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00564-00152567-00153087": "um we compile", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00565-00153088-00153326": "the dot at splats in multiple", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00566-00153327-00153390": "expressions", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00567-00153391-00153766": "splices them in we", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00568-00153767-00154231": "can compile in", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00569-00154232-00154735": "the test and uh", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00570-00154736-00155087": "then", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00571-00155088-00155414": "in our case we are going to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00572-00155415-00155759": "be our if zero", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00573-00155760-00156087": "so if the test is true", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00574-00156088-00156502": "then we will jump to the innermost block", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00575-00156503-00156951": "otherwise we will continue", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00576-00156952-00157447": "with the else part of the test", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00577-00157448-00157959": "and that", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00578-00157960-00158278": "we can be our", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00579-00158279-00158607": "one which would effectively", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00580-00158608-00158751": "this would this would be the same as the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00581-00158752-00158919": "return but instead", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00582-00158920-00159239": "we could do a return here instead uh", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00583-00159240-00159399": "i know we don't want to do return", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00584-00159400-00159511": "because we don't know where the tail", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00585-00159512-00159695": "part of the function so br1", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00586-00159696-00160014": "so the this whole expression ends by", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00587-00160015-00160335": "either in this case it ends by jumping", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00588-00160336-00160471": "to this block", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00589-00160472-00160687": "and thus jumping to its end okay that's", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00590-00160688-00160775": "the else block", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00591-00160776-00161111": "otherwise compile then", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00592-00161112-00161375": "v and in this case it ends simply by", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00593-00161376-00161431": "flowing", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00594-00161432-00161702": "that one value flowing out we have done", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00595-00161703-00161871": "if", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00596-00161872-00162483": "we need to do just a few more zero exp", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00597-00162484-00163214": "so", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00598-00163215-00163399": "that's the uh that we sent the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00599-00163400-00163614": "instruction that we residualized earlier", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00600-00163615-00163726": "by hand", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00601-00163727-00164326": "um what else do we got we got minus", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00602-00164327-00164631": "in this case we compile", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00603-00164632-00165283": "a and then b and i 32 sub", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00604-00165284-00165583": "times", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00605-00165584-00165902": "in this case it's similar a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00606-00165903-00166359": "b i 32 mul", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00607-00166360-00166511": "and i think the only thing left at this", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00608-00166512-00166759": "point is the function call", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00609-00166760-00167119": "f", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00610-00167120-00167254": "well it has to be a symbol let's just", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00611-00167255-00167471": "say f f", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00612-00167472-00167847": "uh arg", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00613-00167848-00168551": "let's see", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00614-00168552-00168999": "we'll compile the arguments and map arg", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00615-00169000-00169454": "and then we call look up", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00616-00169455-00170023": "funk f", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00617-00170024-00170511": "and i think that may be our compiler", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00618-00170512-00170887": "uh what are we missing a pen map is not", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00619-00170888-00171383": "in the default environment", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00620-00171384-00171838": "survey one all right", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00621-00171839-00172283": "do it to fix my pen map here lambda", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00622-00172284-00172854": "expert", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00623-00172855-00173199": "all right and trying out a bit i had to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00624-00173200-00173423": "fix an indication of look up local and i", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00625-00173424-00173511": "had to rename", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00626-00173512-00173847": "some indications of from", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00627-00173848-00174102": "compile to compile x uh but that's all", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00628-00174103-00174207": "done", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00629-00174208-00174431": "if we take a look at the end of the file", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00630-00174432-00174551": "uh we say", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00631-00174552-00174790": "when we are when we're in batch mode", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00632-00174791-00174935": "we'll look at the command line", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00633-00174936-00175271": "and uh take the the first argument and", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00634-00175272-00175719": "pass the compile and see what we get", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00635-00175720-00176390": "so", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00636-00176391-00176638": "oh we forgot to actually recurse into", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00637-00176639-00176743": "the procedure", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00638-00176744-00177287": "so let's go ahead and do that", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00639-00177288-00177543": "so here i've fixed the the funks list to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00640-00177544-00177654": "invoke these", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00641-00177655-00177854": "compiled body thunks and splice them", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00642-00177855-00178126": "into the body and i had to fix a couple", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00643-00178127-00178271": "of other bugs", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00644-00178272-00178447": "once we do that we can go to the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00645-00178448-00178607": "terminal run", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00646-00178608-00178935": "our gal compile fact.sem", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00647-00178936-00179151": "and we can see the result it looks", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00648-00179152-00179335": "similar to what we wrote more or less it", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00649-00179336-00179438": "doesn't have the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00650-00179439-00179663": "a lot of the names in it and if we pipe", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00651-00179664-00179863": "that to a file", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00652-00179864-00180183": "and then run what to wisem on it we get", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00653-00180184-00180343": "no errors", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00654-00180344-00180535": "at that point if we switch to our web", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00655-00180536-00180831": "browser and now we refresh", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00656-00180832-00180975": "we have no web browser running so i'll", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00657-00180976-00181366": "run the python web server", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00658-00181367-00181711": "i indeed can do fact of 29 and", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00659-00181712-00181807": "everything so", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00660-00181808-00182271": "pretty cool", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00661-00182272-00182726": "everything work okay great um", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00662-00182727-00183143": "so that that is the simple compiler", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00663-00183144-00183463": "um there are a lot of things that are", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00664-00183464-00183735": "remaining to be done if you take a look", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00665-00183736-00183831": "into the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00666-00183832-00183983": "github repository associated with the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00667-00183984-00184231": "talk you'll see uh the compiler itself", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00668-00184232-00184519": "um and including an assembler as well so", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00669-00184520-00184647": "you don't actually have to run what to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00670-00184648-00184783": "wasm on the thing it'll produce the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00671-00184784-00184919": "bytes directly", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00672-00184920-00185031": "and i would encourage you to do that", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00673-00185032-00185263": "because it's not that much code", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00674-00185264-00185487": "we're in the minimal languages room and", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00675-00185488-00185599": "dependencies are", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00676-00185600-00185926": "are the opposite of minimum however our", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00677-00185927-00186102": "our language that we compiled doesn't", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00678-00186103-00186254": "include a lot it does include", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00679-00186255-00186478": "closures and tail calls and all that and", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00680-00186479-00186599": "all of these are still", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00681-00186600-00186775": "like they're they're pretty big problems", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00682-00186776-00186950": "and they're the reasons i haven't", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00683-00186951-00187159": "boarded uh guile's webassembly at this", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00684-00187160-00187343": "point", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00685-00187344-00187599": "the only real solution today for", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00686-00187600-00187695": "closures is", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00687-00187696-00187926": "comprehensive closure conversion of your", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00688-00187927-00188135": "entire program so that you don't", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00689-00188136-00188495": "end up making indirect calls instead you", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00690-00188496-00188559": "call", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00691-00188560-00188871": "known recipients with with with the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00692-00188872-00189335": "with the values as arguments um", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00693-00189336-00189687": "for tail calls uh", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00694-00189688-00189878": "there's again no real replacement", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00695-00189879-00189999": "there's a proposal", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00696-00190000-00190254": "uh i've i've actually worked on it a bit", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00697-00190255-00190423": "in spider monkey but i had to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00698-00190424-00190654": "drop it because uh it's just not not", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00699-00190655-00190759": "high priority", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00700-00190760-00190935": "um for a variable number of arguments", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00701-00190936-00191095": "webassembly is a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00702-00191096-00191287": "typed language you can't call a function", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00703-00191288-00191423": "with the wrong number of arguments", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00704-00191424-00191599": "wrong number of arguments you can't have", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00705-00191600-00191750": "a function that takes a different number", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00706-00191751-00191919": "of arguments but you need to store those", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00707-00191920-00192111": "values somewhere in a data structure", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00708-00192112-00192254": "and then pass that data structure to the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00709-00192255-00192502": "function so maybe you need a shadow", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00710-00192503-00192711": "space to pass arguments it's it's not", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00711-00192712-00192814": "very nice", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00712-00192815-00192926": "threads on the other hand is coming", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00713-00192927-00193135": "along a bit more nicely the thread", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00714-00193136-00193263": "specification", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00715-00193264-00193575": "will probably be usable uh", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00716-00193576-00193799": "soon enough but with regards to how you", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00717-00193800-00193975": "ship programs in webassembly you really", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00718-00193976-00194159": "want to do whole program compilation", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00719-00194160-00194295": "if you start to think about linking", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00720-00194296-00194654": "different ways and modules together", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00721-00194655-00194854": "i think it's not heading towards a good", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00722-00194855-00194966": "user experience", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00723-00194967-00195111": "because we're thinking about this in the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00724-00195112-00195471": "web browser context mainly", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00725-00195472-00195790": "for exceptions you can", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00726-00195791-00196078": "bounce through javascript and use", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00727-00196079-00196238": "javascript's try catch", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00728-00196239-00196438": "uh but if you're doing that then maybe", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00729-00196439-00196583": "you should consider compiling to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00730-00196584-00196702": "javascript directly instead of", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00731-00196703-00196831": "webassembly", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00732-00196832-00196975": "there is a proposal which is heading", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00733-00196976-00197159": "down the line which might be usable this", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00734-00197160-00197199": "year", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00735-00197200-00197607": "uh exception handling which provides the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00736-00197608-00197919": "very minimum of non-local control flow", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00737-00197920-00198071": "but it could be extended with effect", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00738-00198072-00198231": "handlers which would give us", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00739-00198232-00198550": "co-routines one-shot", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00740-00198551-00198871": "continuations that we could use in", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00741-00198872-00199135": "different asynchronous idioms but the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00742-00199136-00199238": "big problem", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00743-00199239-00199543": "the big problem is gc um", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00744-00199544-00199735": "i worked on one uh compiler to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00745-00199736-00199983": "webassembly schism scheme implementation", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00746-00199984-00200287": "it uses i32 as its value type but not", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00747-00200288-00200438": "everything is an integer it's a tagged", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00748-00200439-00200599": "value", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00749-00200600-00200759": "and so if it's not an immediate fixed", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00750-00200760-00200935": "num then it's a pointer into", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00751-00200936-00201254": "linear memory and you can amend your own", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00752-00201255-00201463": "gc and that's fine but the problem is", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00753-00201464-00201663": "you can't trace references on the stack", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00754-00201664-00201766": "you can't", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00755-00201767-00201959": "move values in linear memory and expect", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00756-00201960-00202119": "the stack to update to point to those", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00757-00202120-00202247": "new values", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00758-00202248-00202478": "you have essentially no relationship", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00759-00202479-00202638": "with javascript and javascript already", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00760-00202639-00202871": "has a fantastic garbage collector in it", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00761-00202872-00203214": "in all the browsers so what the approach", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00762-00203215-00203414": "that i've taken to switching to is to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00763-00203415-00203583": "if you have a language in which you need", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00764-00203584-00203750": "to represent different kinds of values", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00765-00203751-00203838": "um", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00766-00203839-00203999": "and they're all garbage collected i", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00767-00204000-00204175": "would use extra and raph", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00768-00204176-00204343": "as your fundamental value uh", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00769-00204344-00204543": "representation and uh that's the", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00770-00204544-00204678": "reference type specification which", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00771-00204679-00204831": "hopefully again will become usable this", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00772-00204832-00204910": "year", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00773-00204911-00205175": "um and eventually it should be possible", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00774-00205176-00205246": "to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00775-00205248-00205510": "access uh structured garbage collected", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00776-00205511-00205758": "managed objects in webassembly itself", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00777-00205759-00205919": "and and there are relationships to", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00778-00205919-00206071": "closures um", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00779-00206071-00206246": "there are lots more questions what do", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00780-00206248-00206479": "you do about strings it's a big problem", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00781-00206480-00206671": "what do you do about access to webgl and", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00782-00206671-00206798": "there are solutions", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00783-00206800-00207006": "and and and happily the import", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00784-00207007-00207110": "functionality is", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00785-00207111-00207334": "is quite good and then if you're", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00786-00207335-00207431": "operating on more", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00787-00207432-00207582": "traditional languages there's there's a", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00788-00207583-00207710": "complete other tool chain that i'd be", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00789-00207711-00207823": "happy to talk about some", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00790-00207823-00207982": "something as well i'll work on lvm web", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00791-00207983-00208175": "web assembly stuff as well", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00792-00208176-00208542": "um and uh do you actually take your", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00793-00208544-00208694": "language as it is or do you fork it and", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00794-00208696-00208846": "give it some different semantics that", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00795-00208848-00209006": "are adapted to the platform you're", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00796-00209007-00209255": "targeting the web browser big questions", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00797-00209256-00209479": "uh happy to answer them i think i'm out", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00798-00209480-00209575": "of time", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00799-00209576-00209719": "but thanks for listening thanks for", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00800-00209719-00211542": "hanging out and happy hacking", "0KSPdS0fZ7o-00801-00211544-00211752": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0L04xRy4UbM", "text": {"0L04xRy4UbM-00000-00001240-00001601": "you", "0L04xRy4UbM-00001-00001602-00002942": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00002-00002943-00005438": "um", "0L04xRy4UbM-00003-00005439-00005642": "foreign", "0L04xRy4UbM-00004-00005643-00005838": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00005-00005839-00006077": "foreign", "0L04xRy4UbM-00006-00006078-00007248": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00007-00007248-00008063": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00008-00008064-00010171": "foreign", "0L04xRy4UbM-00009-00010172-00010806": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00010-00010807-00011256": "foreign", "0L04xRy4UbM-00011-00011257-00012631": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00012-00012632-00014635": "foreign", "0L04xRy4UbM-00013-00014636-00016140": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00014-00016141-00017546": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00015-00017547-00018255": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00016-00018256-00019111": "thank", "0L04xRy4UbM-00017-00019112-00019620": "you're not feeling it", "0L04xRy4UbM-00018-00019621-00020950": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00019-00020951-00021566": "oh no run", "0L04xRy4UbM-00020-00021567-00022004": "[Laughter]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00021-00022005-00023175": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00022-00023176-00023428": "foreign", "0L04xRy4UbM-00023-00023429-00024718": "[Applause]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00024-00024719-00024855": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00025-00024856-00025147": "are you", "0L04xRy4UbM-00026-00025148-00025855": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00027-00025856-00026429": "foreign", "0L04xRy4UbM-00028-00026430-00027583": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00029-00027583-00027839": "[Music]", "0L04xRy4UbM-00030-00027839-00029489": "mr", "0L04xRy4UbM-00031-00029491-00031080": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0LLvj_iwY3E", "text": {"0LLvj_iwY3E-00000-00000575-00000734": "hello everyone", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00001-00000735-00000902": "how are you it's kay", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00002-00000903-00001287": "so this is the 6th of september 2022 on", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00003-00001288-00001495": "tuesday", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00004-00001496-00001679": "so i hope you're having a great day", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00005-00001680-00001830": "today", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00006-00001832-00002039": "so today's topic i think is interesting", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00007-00002039-00002383": "for everyone because this this concept", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00008-00002384-00002807": "is uh related to japanese traditional", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00009-00002808-00003238": "uh mindset which is called ichigo ichie", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00010-00003239-00003415": "so i will first", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00011-00003415-00003735": "talk about what ichioche means", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00012-00003736-00003959": "and also how you can apply this concept", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00013-00003960-00004191": "into your trace", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00014-00004192-00004519": "each which is actually in myself", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00015-00004520-00004799": "i whenever i do something whenever i", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00016-00004800-00005070": "meet people whenever i see charts", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00017-00005071-00005391": "always ichiro is in my mindset", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00018-00005392-00005638": "so let me talk about that", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00019-00005639-00005838": "and hopefully you can apply that", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00020-00005839-00006199": "into a trace and also in your life also", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00021-00006200-00006318": "because after all everything is", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00022-00006319-00006534": "connected life and trace", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00023-00006536-00006783": "the mindset should be connected", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00024-00006784-00007183": "so let me switch screen now", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00025-00007184-00007375": "okay um", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00026-00007376-00007487": "so", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00027-00007488-00007839": "ichigo means let me switch to slide i", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00028-00007840-00008183": "i created a slide but it's kind of uh", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00029-00008184-00008287": "still", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00030-00008288-00008559": "not much content in it because i have to", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00031-00008560-00008814": "leave after recording this video", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00032-00008815-00008999": "so i can rush", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00033-00009000-00009127": "to", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00034-00009128-00009271": "use this slide", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00035-00009272-00009455": "so not much but", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00036-00009456-00009687": "i will pull up some information from the", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00037-00009688-00009839": "internet", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00038-00009840-00010103": "and also some comments and discuss about", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00039-00010104-00010351": "ichigoichi so ichigoichi writes like", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00040-00010352-00010438": "this", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00041-00010439-00010671": "ichigo ichie", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00042-00010672-00010806": "and", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00043-00010807-00011055": "so first of all the question is what", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00044-00011056-00011335": "this means so i i raised two questions", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00045-00011336-00011742": "today on this video what is ichigo ichie", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00046-00011743-00011974": "if you are familiar with japanese", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00047-00011975-00012214": "culture then you may know already what", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00048-00012215-00012367": "it means", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00049-00012368-00012631": "but uh", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00050-00012632-00012822": "we have to also talk about how you can", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00051-00012823-00012927": "apply it", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00052-00012928-00013071": "in your trace", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00053-00013072-00013294": "so let me pull up this uh wikipedia you", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00054-00013295-00013647": "can google ichigo hca and you can find", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00055-00013647-00013838": "the explanation but basically what it", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00056-00013840-00014215": "means is let me just zoom in here so", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00057-00014216-00014527": "basically what it means is that the uh", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00058-00014528-00014743": "a cultural concept of", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00059-00014744-00014919": "treasuring the", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00060-00014919-00015199": "unrepeatable nature of the moment", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00061-00015200-00015319": "so", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00062-00015319-00015471": "in other words", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00063-00015472-00015822": "uh translated as for this time only", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00064-00015823-00016079": "or once in a lifetime", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00065-00016080-00016238": "which means ichigo", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00066-00016240-00016494": "but obviously it's more to it actually", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00067-00016495-00016671": "there's more to it", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00068-00016672-00016967": "uh when we say ichigo like let's say", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00069-00016968-00017111": "when i say ichigo", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00070-00017112-00017463": "to someone that means i value this", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00071-00017464-00017814": "opportunity the most in my life", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00072-00017815-00018150": "so it's yes it's in once a lifetime", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00073-00018151-00018271": "because uh", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00074-00018272-00018511": "let's say i meet a friend", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00075-00018512-00018591": "uh", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00076-00018592-00018839": "here in dubai let's say friend from", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00077-00018840-00019007": "comes from uk", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00078-00019008-00019167": "and i meet him", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00079-00019168-00019471": "and yes we meet with me i meet him on", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00080-00019472-00019694": "that day and he leaves back he comes", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00081-00019695-00019919": "back to uk and", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00082-00019920-00020150": "next time he comes you know we can meet", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00083-00020151-00020263": "him again", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00084-00020264-00020439": "but uh", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00085-00020440-00020671": "at the same time we may not", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00086-00020672-00021030": "right uh we may not in any reasons uh", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00087-00021031-00021358": "there might be some accident i might be", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00088-00021359-00021622": "uh in accident or i might be on other", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00089-00021623-00021727": "country", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00090-00021728-00021950": "i might be busy at that time", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00091-00021951-00022271": "or um whatever reasons it may be we may", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00092-00022272-00022358": "not", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00093-00022359-00022543": "see each other next time", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00094-00022544-00022791": "and forever we may not see each other", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00095-00022792-00022983": "right for any reasons", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00096-00022984-00023191": "yeah i don't say and i'm not saying that", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00097-00023192-00023399": "i want to meet someone only once i'm not", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00098-00023400-00023647": "saying that so please don't get me wrong", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00099-00023648-00023839": "but in my mind", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00100-00023840-00024158": "it's like uh this might be the last", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00101-00024159-00024383": "opportunity to meet him and that's why", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00102-00024384-00024599": "with this concept in mind", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00103-00024600-00024727": "i treat", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00104-00024728-00025039": "the guest uh very nicely i want to treat", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00105-00025040-00025142": "the guests", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00106-00025143-00025327": "with a", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00107-00025328-00025478": "good hospitality", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00108-00025479-00025783": "and also uh i want to take that moment", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00109-00025783-00025902": "the most", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00110-00025904-00026183": "i want to take that time the most", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00111-00026183-00026487": "uh with him or with her", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00112-00026488-00026743": "with my friends and also families", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00113-00026744-00026983": "and same is true on this live stream too", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00114-00026983-00027167": "i i think", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00115-00027168-00027327": "i see the comments", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00116-00027327-00027631": "and i see more people more traders are", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00117-00027632-00027927": "joining without commenting and i do see", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00118-00027927-00028079": "them also", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00119-00028080-00028239": "those who doesn't comment who don't", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00120-00028239-00028470": "comment but still they are on the live", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00121-00028472-00028727": "streams or the videos", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00122-00028727-00028902": "uh and", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00123-00028904-00028990": "i", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00124-00028991-00029174": "really think that you know every time i", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00125-00029175-00029351": "do the live streams", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00126-00029352-00029639": "i do it today but i may not do it", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00127-00029639-00029862": "tomorrow i might not be able to do", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00128-00029863-00030246": "forever who knows right with any reasons", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00129-00030247-00030390": "and because", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00130-00030391-00030718": "i know this moment is precious that", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00131-00030719-00030990": "i i'm able to do the live stream or", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00132-00030991-00031143": "video today", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00133-00031144-00031574": "i put my effort and respect", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00134-00031575-00031702": "with humble", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00135-00031703-00032014": "uh you know attitude to do these videos", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00136-00032016-00032223": "and lives every day on my youtube", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00137-00032224-00032502": "channel and that is the concept of", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00138-00032503-00032718": "ichigo ichi basically", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00139-00032719-00033031": "so yes it's for for this time only once", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00140-00033032-00033383": "in lifetime but uh we have to appreciate", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00141-00033384-00033535": "we treasure", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00142-00033536-00033623": "the", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00143-00033624-00033990": "this moment an opportunity right now", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00144-00033991-00034174": "so that's", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00145-00034175-00034415": "what ichigoichi means i hope you got", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00146-00034416-00034655": "this concept first", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00147-00034656-00034871": "um you know when you meet something", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00148-00034872-00035071": "somebody special or when you go", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00149-00035072-00035246": "somewhere somewhere special", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00150-00035247-00035431": "then you might think you might feel", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00151-00035432-00035727": "ichigochie but actually this ichigoichi", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00152-00035728-00035983": "concept applies to anything you", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00153-00035984-00036102": "encounter", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00154-00036103-00036318": "even if you see that you see the bars on", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00155-00036319-00036543": "a tree on the street or even if you see", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00156-00036544-00036807": "some flower on the street", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00157-00036808-00036999": "you feel ichigo ichie", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00158-00037000-00037143": "because", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00159-00037144-00037390": "it may not repeat again", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00160-00037391-00037495": "so", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00161-00037496-00037711": "with that concept in mind", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00162-00037712-00037871": "the next question is", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00163-00037872-00038167": "how to apply it into trading", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00164-00038168-00038455": "right so that's next next topic how to", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00165-00038456-00038751": "apply into trading and how i apply in", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00166-00038752-00039007": "trading is basically um", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00167-00039008-00039239": "so when i take trades", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00168-00039240-00039559": "when i screen charts i see many pairs", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00169-00039560-00039799": "moving at that moment", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00170-00039800-00040071": "but that moment will never come will", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00171-00040072-00040279": "never come in the future", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00172-00040280-00040543": "uh we may see some similar patterns we", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00173-00040544-00040711": "may see some similar trends in the", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00174-00040712-00040967": "future on some market same market", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00175-00040968-00041111": "different markets", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00176-00041112-00041255": "but", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00177-00041256-00041535": "the the candlesticks let's say like if i", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00178-00041536-00041751": "see the chart right now like this this", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00179-00041752-00042087": "is a dxy it's bullish on the weekly", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00180-00042088-00042374": "let's say but this weekly bullish on the", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00181-00042375-00042511": "dxy", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00182-00042512-00042823": "we see this chart pattern as of now but", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00183-00042824-00043062": "this won't come in the future exactly", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00184-00043063-00043190": "the same thing", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00185-00043191-00043390": "we may not see in the future", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00186-00043391-00043623": "we will not see in the future because", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00187-00043624-00043830": "these candlesticks patterns might be", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00188-00043831-00044046": "changed or these pushbacks and", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00189-00044047-00044190": "candlestick uh", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00190-00044191-00044415": "how candlesticks are forming will be", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00191-00044416-00044655": "different in the future so no markets", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00192-00044656-00044935": "will be the same the same in the future", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00193-00044936-00045207": "and no market same in the past either", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00194-00045208-00045351": "so this is", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00195-00045352-00045662": "one once in lifetime only chart that we", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00196-00045663-00045830": "are seeing", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00197-00045831-00046255": "uh in in forex on any market also", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00198-00046256-00046471": "euro usd currently is down going down on", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00199-00046472-00046599": "the weekly", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00200-00046600-00046679": "but", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00201-00046680-00046895": "in this candlestick like there's a", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00202-00046896-00046983": "white", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00203-00046984-00047215": "doji candlestick and last week was a", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00204-00047216-00047495": "bearish doji with a longer week up and", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00205-00047496-00047743": "shorter week down and previously there", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00206-00047744-00047999": "was an engulfing inside bar and the four", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00207-00048000-00048207": "weeks back was bearish", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00208-00048208-00048486": "this is like a marbles bearish without", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00209-00048487-00048727": "any wicks called marbles technically", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00210-00048728-00049046": "speaking but uh these only four patterns", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00211-00049047-00049158": "of", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00212-00049159-00049374": "candlesticks you may not see in the", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00213-00049375-00049839": "future in this pair on any other market", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00214-00049840-00049999": "so", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00215-00050000-00050167": "and", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00216-00050168-00050262": "this", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00217-00050263-00050535": "mindset really is really important", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00218-00050536-00050886": "because", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00219-00050887-00051111": "you take it seriously because you may", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00220-00051112-00051319": "not see in the future anymore", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00221-00051320-00051470": "this is only for", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00222-00051471-00051582": "this time", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00223-00051583-00051670": "so", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00224-00051671-00051919": "you take the best you take the most out", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00225-00051920-00052087": "of the market", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00226-00052088-00052223": "right now", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00227-00052224-00052430": "so that means", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00228-00052432-00052671": "let's say take a trade right now and you", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00229-00052672-00052830": "accept with the loss", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00230-00052832-00053071": "you exhibit a loss and you lose profit", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00231-00053072-00053182": "you lose", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00232-00053183-00053479": "you lose your money in your account and", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00233-00053479-00053759": "you may be sad you may be upset", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00234-00053760-00053903": "but uh", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00235-00053904-00054215": "appreciate the experience because that's", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00236-00054216-00054423": "only this time", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00237-00054424-00054671": "you know even if you make profits", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00238-00054672-00054959": "if you we if you even if you even if you", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00239-00054960-00055215": "make some big profits in this trade or", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00240-00055216-00055335": "next trade", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00241-00055336-00055591": "but appreciate the experience and learn", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00242-00055591-00055726": "from it", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00243-00055727-00055999": "right is the is actually the true", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00244-00056000-00056135": "message of", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00245-00056136-00056407": "what ichigoichi means", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00246-00056408-00056526": "so", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00247-00056527-00056726": "speaking of that i actually received one", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00248-00056727-00056926": "of the comments in the past and let me", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00249-00056927-00057182": "share it with you also", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00250-00057183-00057487": "so this is from justin he says", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00251-00057488-00057654": "uh hold on let me", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00252-00057655-00057799": "enlarge", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00253-00057800-00058007": "he says um thanks for sharing kay a", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00254-00058008-00058175": "little while ago i came across the", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00255-00058176-00058342": "concept of ichigo", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00256-00058344-00058550": "i think that concept is also pretty", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00257-00058551-00058879": "applicable to trading our we must", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00258-00058879-00059142": "treat each moment as unique and", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00259-00059144-00059423": "appreciate the opportunities it brings", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00260-00059424-00059766": "and just focus on the now moment i found", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00261-00059767-00059942": "psychology is", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00262-00059944-00060166": "it is helped not to have any", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00263-00060167-00060519": "expectations and just take what is given", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00264-00060520-00060606": "so", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00265-00060607-00060799": "yeah this is exactly", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00266-00060800-00061094": "what i mean by ichigoichi", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00267-00061095-00061447": "into trace in the mindset", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00268-00061448-00061735": "so you can practice this on your daily", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00269-00061736-00061991": "life like let's say you go to the mall", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00270-00061991-00062303": "and you see some some you know materials", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00271-00062304-00062566": "or some shops", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00272-00062567-00062830": "and you may meet some people today or", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00273-00062832-00063071": "this week you may go somewhere this week", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00274-00063072-00063438": "or today and appreciate these moments", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00275-00063439-00063694": "because they will they may not come", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00276-00063695-00063887": "again", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00277-00063888-00064199": "like uh in a shopping mall yes", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00278-00064200-00064415": "if you go to shopping mall today if it's", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00279-00064416-00064719": "closed like five minutes from your house", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00280-00064720-00065038": "then you can technically access", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00281-00065039-00065150": "anytime", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00282-00065151-00065335": "but", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00283-00065336-00065647": "that the thing is that uh it may not", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00284-00065648-00065806": "come again", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00285-00065807-00066079": "right that concept it's not like a", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00286-00066080-00066494": "pessimistic pessimistic uh idea but uh", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00287-00066495-00066655": "more to appreciate", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00288-00066656-00066806": "what we have now", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00289-00066807-00067175": "and what we are given as of now", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00290-00067176-00067519": "so in tradings too like um", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00291-00067520-00067703": "whatever it's given", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00292-00067704-00067823": "um", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00293-00067824-00068094": "accept and appreciate and learn from it", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00294-00068095-00068255": "is the", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00295-00068256-00068447": "the only way to get success in the long", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00296-00068448-00068631": "run at least for me", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00297-00068632-00068894": "i have been doing it and that's why i", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00298-00068895-00069063": "practice and practice", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00299-00069064-00069294": "in the months of august i wasn't doing", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00300-00069295-00069567": "so well but i will back this and", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00301-00069568-00069831": "appreciate the fact that i", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00302-00069832-00070082": "uh had the break even months so that i", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00303-00070083-00070271": "know uh", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00304-00070272-00070487": "i have to do something about it", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00305-00070488-00070679": "right i may not have to do something", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00306-00070680-00070950": "about it i might have to i may be taking", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00307-00070951-00071159": "vacation next year", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00308-00071160-00071438": "next year next year august", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00309-00071439-00071759": "uh we never know but uh", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00310-00071760-00072038": "yeah future plans we create", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00311-00072039-00072287": "but uh before that", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00312-00072288-00072591": "we have to accept and appreciate what's", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00313-00072592-00072855": "given so that we keep going", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00314-00072856-00073150": "in our own journey and this is very very", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00315-00073151-00073406": "important in trading especially because", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00316-00073407-00073543": "trading is", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00317-00073544-00073831": "much more money involved and you can", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00318-00073832-00074143": "lose your asset easily", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00319-00074144-00074247": "so", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00320-00074248-00074494": "um yeah yeah that's", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00321-00074495-00074767": "the concept of ichigo hca i wanted to", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00322-00074768-00074982": "talk about today", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00323-00074983-00075335": "so if you have any ideas or any related", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00324-00075336-00075575": "experiences about this please comment", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00325-00075576-00075719": "below description", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00326-00075720-00076023": "and uh i will i'm happy to read your", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00327-00076024-00076231": "comments also and also some opinions", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00328-00076232-00076479": "about this concept", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00329-00076480-00076831": "but i hope you enjoyed this video today", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00330-00076832-00076991": "and uh", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00331-00076992-00077294": "yes after this i will go out and uh i", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00332-00077295-00077519": "have couple appointments", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00333-00077520-00077791": "and uh most likely i won't be back until", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00334-00077792-00077982": "night time so i hope you have a great", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00335-00077983-00078103": "day today", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00336-00078104-00078279": "and see you in the next one", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00337-00078280-00078526": "so until then please stay healthy and", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00338-00078527-00078647": "stay safe", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00339-00078648-00078855": "and stay gold", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00340-00078856-00079031": "alright bye from everyone", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00341-00079032-00081382": "matane thanks so much", "0LLvj_iwY3E-00342-00081383-00081592": "you"}}]