[{"audio_id": "0dsad0sqy3o", "text": {"0dsad0sqy3o-00000-00000424-00000823": "oh my god", "0dsad0sqy3o-00001-00000824-00001103": "so um you know how they say don't leave", "0dsad0sqy3o-00002-00001104-00001343": "your luggage unattended", "0dsad0sqy3o-00003-00001344-00001487": "well i did", "0dsad0sqy3o-00004-00001488-00001695": "while i was doing my internet and when i", "0dsad0sqy3o-00005-00001696-00001855": "looked up", "0dsad0sqy3o-00006-00001855-00002375": "it was gone", "0dsad0sqy3o-00007-00002376-00002679": "so i freaked out", "0dsad0sqy3o-00008-00002680-00003047": "and went to the airport security", "0dsad0sqy3o-00009-00003048-00003199": "and they calmed me down and then i", "0dsad0sqy3o-00010-00003200-00003422": "started praying", "0dsad0sqy3o-00011-00003423-00003606": "that they're gonna find it who would", "0dsad0sqy3o-00012-00003607-00003943": "take all my luggage", "0dsad0sqy3o-00013-00003944-00004159": "don't ever do that because that's the", "0dsad0sqy3o-00014-00004160-00004567": "most scared i've been in uh", "0dsad0sqy3o-00015-00004568-00004751": "seven years of travel", "0dsad0sqy3o-00016-00004752-00005286": "and here's my luggage", "0dsad0sqy3o-00017-00005287-00005495": "i did get it back", "0dsad0sqy3o-00018-00005496-00005718": "but it was the oddest thing while i was", "0dsad0sqy3o-00019-00005719-00005927": "talking to security i had the feeling to", "0dsad0sqy3o-00020-00005928-00006151": "go back to where it was wheeled away and", "0dsad0sqy3o-00021-00006152-00006327": "i go back there and it's in the exact", "0dsad0sqy3o-00022-00006328-00006567": "same spot i left it", "0dsad0sqy3o-00023-00006568-00006687": "and a guy", "0dsad0sqy3o-00024-00006688-00006855": "says", "0dsad0sqy3o-00025-00006856-00007303": "a woman just rolled it in here so i'm", "0dsad0sqy3o-00026-00007304-00007487": "going to check and make sure there is", "0dsad0sqy3o-00027-00007488-00007927": "nothing planted in my luggage right now", "0dsad0sqy3o-00028-00007928-00008103": "so don't ever leave your luggage", "0dsad0sqy3o-00029-00008104-00008446": "unattended is the moral of the story", "0dsad0sqy3o-00030-00008447-00008774": "i'm going to cambodia i'm in the bangkok", "0dsad0sqy3o-00031-00008775-00009014": "airport and", "0dsad0sqy3o-00032-00009015-00009223": "i have about six hours to wait until i", "0dsad0sqy3o-00033-00009224-00009406": "leave and i think it'll take at least", "0dsad0sqy3o-00034-00009407-00009735": "two hours to calm down", "0dsad0sqy3o-00035-00009736-00009959": "oh my god", "0dsad0sqy3o-00036-00009960-00010174": "don't do what i did i'll never do that", "0dsad0sqy3o-00037-00010175-00010263": "again", "0dsad0sqy3o-00038-00010264-00010463": "nothing on the internet is as important", "0dsad0sqy3o-00039-00010464-00010671": "as losing your luggage they have no", "0dsad0sqy3o-00040-00010672-00010878": "wi-fi here so i had to use some crummy", "0dsad0sqy3o-00041-00010879-00011103": "pc", "0dsad0sqy3o-00042-00011104-00011478": "to get the address of my hotel", "0dsad0sqy3o-00043-00011479-00011670": "which they're calling a boutique guest", "0dsad0sqy3o-00044-00011671-00011783": "house", "0dsad0sqy3o-00045-00011784-00012006": "i'll see i'll see i'll tell you when i", "0dsad0sqy3o-00046-00012007-00012438": "get there to phnom penh", "0dsad0sqy3o-00047-00012439-00012719": "many blessings", "0dsad0sqy3o-00048-00012720-00012999": "so this is the nice woman that took away", "0dsad0sqy3o-00049-00013000-00013255": "my luggage by accident", "0dsad0sqy3o-00050-00013256-00013463": "and we returned it and she brought it", "0dsad0sqy3o-00051-00013463-00013686": "together we get to know each other now", "0dsad0sqy3o-00052-00013687-00013783": "right", "0dsad0sqy3o-00053-00013784-00014086": "yes we got to be friends yes yes yes", "0dsad0sqy3o-00054-00014087-00014294": "somebody said there's the woman that", "0dsad0sqy3o-00055-00014295-00014471": "brought the luggage back and i'm like", "0dsad0sqy3o-00056-00014472-00014743": "i'm gonna go check her out", "0dsad0sqy3o-00057-00014744-00014951": "and see who she is", "0dsad0sqy3o-00058-00014952-00015158": "plus i i didn't want anything planted in", "0dsad0sqy3o-00059-00015159-00015383": "my luggage so i wanted to make sure", "0dsad0sqy3o-00060-00015384-00015630": "yes and she's a very what's your name", "0dsad0sqy3o-00061-00015631-00015903": "dear pongxi hong si", "0dsad0sqy3o-00062-00015904-00016135": "she's a lovely woman and now i feel", "0dsad0sqy3o-00063-00016136-00016311": "completely see this story had a good", "0dsad0sqy3o-00064-00016312-00016599": "ending yeah and i'm american so i cannot", "0dsad0sqy3o-00065-00016600-00017063": "plan anything", "0dsad0sqy3o-00066-00017064-00017479": "bye bye get the latest news in vagabond", "0dsad0sqy3o-00067-00017480-00017622": "travel mag", "0dsad0sqy3o-00068-00017623-00017847": "it's my app in the itunes store and stay", "0dsad0sqy3o-00069-00017848-00018047": "in touch with me on my blog here are the", "0dsad0sqy3o-00070-00018048-00018312": "links"}}, {"audio_id": "0dviJbnLs_o", "text": {"0dviJbnLs_o-00000-00000613-00001495": "[Applause]", "0dviJbnLs_o-00001-00001496-00001655": "you have not no", "0dviJbnLs_o-00002-00001655-00002487": "yeah", "0dviJbnLs_o-00003-00002488-00002610": "pretty well", "0dviJbnLs_o-00004-00002611-00003622": "[Applause]", "0dviJbnLs_o-00005-00003622-00004270": "[Applause]", "0dviJbnLs_o-00006-00004271-00004743": "okay", "0dviJbnLs_o-00007-00004744-00004936": "foreign", "0dviJbnLs_o-00008-00004937-00005911": "[Applause]", "0dviJbnLs_o-00009-00005912-00006095": "oh", "0dviJbnLs_o-00010-00006096-00006831": "where do you think you're going", "0dviJbnLs_o-00011-00006831-00008119": "jesus", "0dviJbnLs_o-00012-00008120-00008294": "i'm", "0dviJbnLs_o-00013-00008295-00009751": "[Applause]", "0dviJbnLs_o-00014-00009752-00010191": "avenge you my friend", "0dviJbnLs_o-00015-00010192-00011287": "[Applause]", "0dviJbnLs_o-00016-00011288-00012303": "no", "0dviJbnLs_o-00017-00012304-00013847": "oh", "0dviJbnLs_o-00018-00013849-00014727": "[Applause]", "0dviJbnLs_o-00019-00014728-00015886": "i am a cheeky boy", "0dviJbnLs_o-00020-00015887-00016096": "this is my point not yours", "0dviJbnLs_o-00021-00016097-00017335": "[Applause]", "0dviJbnLs_o-00022-00017336-00017821": "this is my point", "0dviJbnLs_o-00023-00017822-00018187": "[Applause]"}}, {"audio_id": "0dGaU5OU_FQ", "text": {"0dGaU5OU_FQ-00000-00000016-00000206": "what's up guys it's mgmc and welcome to", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00001-00000208-00000399": "a brand new video where today i'll show", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00002-00000400-00000607": "you guys a montage of me watching every", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00003-00000608-00000958": "video on the uk youtube trending tab", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00004-00000959-00001191": "across around five or six days", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00005-00001192-00001431": "now i'm gonna mention something", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00006-00001432-00001679": "this wasn't supposed to be a montage", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00007-00001680-00001934": "it was supposed to be a reaction video", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00008-00001935-00002191": "but i severely underestimated how much", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00009-00002192-00002391": "time it would take to edit 10 fucking", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00010-00002392-00002575": "hours of twitch footage", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00011-00002576-00002742": "for some reason", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00012-00002743-00002926": "so i decided to just make making a", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00013-00002927-00003142": "montage make sure to like comment and", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00014-00003143-00003327": "subscribe because this is by far the", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00015-00003328-00003559": "most effort i've put into a video so i'd", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00016-00003560-00003735": "quite like to get a bit more than 20", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00017-00003736-00003983": "views but without further ado let's get", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00018-00003984-00004125": "into the montage", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00019-00004126-00004329": "[Laughter]", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00020-00004330-00005151": "[Music]", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00021-00005152-00006033": "so", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00022-00006034-00008878": "[Music]", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00023-00008879-00009345": "so", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00024-00009346-00010510": "[Music]", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00025-00010511-00010854": "do", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00026-00010855-00012597": "[Music]", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00027-00012598-00019292": "[Music]", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00028-00019293-00021750": "[Music]", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00029-00021751-00021898": "do", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00030-00021899-00022935": "[Music]", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00031-00022936-00023127": "so", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00032-00023128-00024597": "[Music]", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00033-00024598-00025799": "[Music]", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00034-00025800-00025991": "do", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00035-00025992-00031446": "[Music]", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00036-00031447-00031717": "so", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00037-00031718-00032383": "[Music]", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00038-00032383-00037288": "[Music]", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00039-00037289-00037607": "[Music]", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00040-00037608-00037790": "anyway that's it from me make sure to", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00041-00037791-00037943": "subscribe like and comment down below", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00042-00037944-00038079": "what kind of content you want to see in", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00043-00038080-00038271": "the future and i'll see you guys next", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00044-00038272-00038367": "time", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00045-00038368-00038574": "peace what's up guys it's mgmc and", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00046-00038575-00038751": "welcome to a brand new video where today", "0dGaU5OU_FQ-00047-00038752-00039096": "i'll show you guys a mountain"}}, {"audio_id": "0dTIbJCIblQ", "text": {"0dTIbJCIblQ-00000-00000095-00001199": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00001-00001200-00001663": "hospital for evacuation", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00002-00001664-00001855": "the subway can take us straight to mercy", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00003-00001855-00002247": "hospital", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00004-00002248-00003783": "weapons over here", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00005-00003784-00004511": "haha", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00006-00004512-00004736": "weapons over here thanks", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00007-00004737-00005063": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00008-00005064-00005847": "thanks oh yeah", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00009-00005848-00009935": "[__] up", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00010-00009936-00010271": "come on ladies everybody ready", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00011-00010272-00011006": "reloading", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00012-00011007-00011638": "everyone inside", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00013-00011639-00012142": "lock the damn door", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00014-00012143-00012951": "can you lock that door", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00015-00012952-00013391": "lock the door", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00016-00013391-00013471": "cover", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00017-00013472-00014179": "hell yeah", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00018-00014180-00015215": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00019-00015216-00015663": "oh [__] subway looks full of zombies", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00020-00015663-00016086": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00021-00016087-00016750": "everyone ready", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00022-00016751-00017176": "the red line will take", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00023-00017177-00017735": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00024-00017736-00018711": "everybody ready yeah okay yeah", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00025-00018712-00018898": "this is", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00026-00018899-00019160": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00027-00019161-00019467": "[Laughter]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00028-00019468-00023430": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00029-00023431-00023558": "thanks bill", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00030-00023559-00024128": "sure", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00031-00024129-00024694": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00032-00024695-00026574": "reloading", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00033-00026575-00027943": "look out", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00034-00027944-00030695": "bunch of guns over here", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00035-00030695-00032668": "we got weapons over here", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00036-00032669-00033615": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00037-00033616-00033998": "i don't feel so good", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00038-00033999-00034335": "[Laughter]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00039-00034336-00034590": "go ahead and take this", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00040-00034591-00035143": "thanks oh yeah", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00041-00035144-00035630": "grab and peel watch my back affirmative", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00042-00035631-00036087": "okay", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00043-00036088-00036407": "here", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00044-00036408-00037918": "bill you gotta heal up", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00045-00037919-00040655": "oh", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00046-00040656-00042370": "come on lazy", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00047-00042371-00043054": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00048-00043055-00043583": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00049-00043584-00043958": "look out", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00050-00043959-00048590": "weapon's here", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00051-00048591-00050799": "oh", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00052-00050800-00052535": "quit pissing around and get in here", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00053-00052536-00052982": "i don't think i'm gonna make it", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00054-00052983-00053607": "double time it into the safe room people", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00055-00053608-00054711": "get in here", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00056-00054712-00054929": "are you guys", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00057-00054930-00055342": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00058-00055344-00055616": "stay still i can help you", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00059-00055617-00055950": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00060-00055951-00057166": "ready", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00061-00057167-00058111": "that is the hospital", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00062-00058112-00058238": "to the left", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00063-00058239-00059071": "hurry", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00064-00059072-00060725": "now", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00065-00060726-00061415": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00066-00061416-00062966": "ready for this", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00067-00062967-00064415": "what's up", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00068-00064416-00064712": "reloading", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00069-00064713-00065671": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00070-00065672-00066006": "reloading", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00071-00066007-00066263": "ahead and take this", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00072-00066264-00066503": "pills here hold up i got something for", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00073-00066504-00066599": "you", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00074-00066600-00066719": "really", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00075-00066720-00068343": "thanks", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00076-00068344-00069094": "look out", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00077-00069095-00070535": "this way kids", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00078-00070536-00072025": "hmm", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00079-00072026-00072567": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00080-00072568-00073519": "thanks", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00081-00073520-00075382": "weapons over here look out", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00082-00075383-00076871": "incoming", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00083-00076872-00077079": "because you can go down like this again", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00084-00077080-00078359": "and", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00085-00078360-00078482": "no", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00086-00078483-00078991": "problem look out", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00087-00078992-00080215": "it's better", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00088-00080216-00082103": "reloaded", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00089-00082104-00082479": "[__]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00090-00082480-00082903": "quit fidgeting and let me heal you", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00091-00082904-00083223": "i go down hold on let me patch you up", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00092-00083224-00083311": "thanks", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00093-00083312-00084351": "i told you i'd take care of me", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00094-00084352-00084518": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00095-00084519-00085999": "look out", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00096-00086000-00087447": "ammo here", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00097-00087448-00089013": "spinner", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00098-00089014-00090367": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00099-00090368-00091343": "come on", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00100-00091344-00092311": "everybody ready", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00101-00092312-00093703": "god damn right", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00102-00093704-00094759": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00103-00094760-00095638": "fire in the hole", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00104-00095639-00096357": "pasta", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00105-00096358-00098374": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00106-00098375-00099447": "oh", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00107-00099448-00099862": "[__]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00108-00099863-00100071": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00109-00100072-00101855": "god", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00110-00101856-00104239": "we gotta get to the hospital", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00111-00104240-00105415": "i need some help", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00112-00105416-00105551": "let me help you up", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00113-00105552-00105663": "we really", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00114-00105664-00105839": "need to find you some first time pissing", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00115-00105840-00106015": "around and get in here down like this", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00116-00106016-00106095": "again", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00117-00106096-00106327": "that's it for you", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00118-00106328-00106733": "damn it get in here", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00119-00106734-00107239": "[Applause]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00120-00107240-00107358": "that's my", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00121-00107359-00108076": "hell yeah", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00122-00108077-00108551": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00123-00108552-00109631": "so", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00124-00109632-00109882": "huh", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00125-00109883-00112083": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00126-00112083-00112278": "awesome", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00127-00112279-00113917": "more stairs weapons here for you bill", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00128-00113918-00114854": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00129-00114855-00115295": "wow", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00130-00115296-00115527": "go ahead", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00131-00115528-00117623": "fire in the hole look out", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00132-00117624-00117999": "help me i'm reloading", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00133-00118000-00118166": "you okay", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00134-00118167-00118271": "you should", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00135-00118272-00118471": "see the other 100 guys", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00136-00118472-00118783": "i got you thanks brother", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00137-00118783-00119023": "this is starting to get to me", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00138-00119024-00120383": "elevator's here elevator's here", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00139-00120383-00120534": "the guys used to laugh when i hit the", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00140-00120535-00120758": "rifle range at lunch ain't so funny now", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00141-00120759-00120938": "is it", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00142-00120939-00121502": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00143-00121503-00121607": "[__]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00144-00121608-00123781": "this just hurts", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00145-00123782-00124510": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00146-00124511-00125031": "i feel like [__]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00147-00125032-00129086": "out of the roof", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00148-00129088-00129710": "ready for this", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00149-00129711-00130049": "[__]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00150-00130050-00130551": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00151-00130552-00132599": "uh", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00152-00132600-00133319": "watch out reload", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00153-00133320-00135671": "naked", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00154-00135672-00136551": "please", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00155-00136552-00136855": "get in here", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00156-00136856-00137623": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00157-00137624-00138348": "hell yeah", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00158-00138349-00138871": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00159-00138872-00139031": "but the chopper pilot will be happy to", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00160-00139032-00139999": "hear from us", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00161-00140000-00140631": "thank you", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00162-00140632-00141102": "through here", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00163-00141103-00141263": "let me put you up", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00164-00141264-00142223": "we're almost", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00165-00142224-00142709": "ready for some fun", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00166-00142710-00145759": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00167-00145760-00146702": "there's the landing pad", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00168-00146703-00147295": "grabbing a multi better", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00169-00147296-00147443": "hey i'm", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00170-00147444-00149783": "here thanks man", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00171-00149784-00150814": "better", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00172-00150815-00151463": "we got some help coming let's get ready", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00173-00151464-00151890": "grenade", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00174-00151891-00153663": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00175-00153664-00155483": "better", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00176-00155484-00158351": "oh hmm", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00177-00158352-00158447": "yo", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00178-00158448-00160063": "thanks man", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00179-00160064-00161814": "the chopper's here let's go", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00180-00161815-00163087": "oh", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00181-00163088-00167172": "uh", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00182-00167173-00168095": "[Music]", "0dTIbJCIblQ-00183-00168096-00168303": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0ehqEuU6RwU", "text": {"0ehqEuU6RwU-00000-00000008-00000167": "in today's video we will be going", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00001-00000168-00000366": "through the story of yorichi sugikuni", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00002-00000367-00000534": "the first breathing style user and the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00003-00000535-00000774": "strongest demon slayer ever yorichi and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00004-00000775-00000991": "his twin brother michikatsu were born", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00005-00000992-00001166": "into the tsugikuni clan within the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00006-00001167-00001383": "middle of the sengoku period a time when", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00007-00001384-00001550": "twins were considered to be an extremely", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00008-00001551-00001775": "bad omen yurichi in particular was born", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00009-00001776-00001975": "with an odd birthmark on his forehead", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00010-00001976-00002126": "which caused his father to declare that", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00011-00002127-00002302": "he would kill him however their mother", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00012-00002303-00002518": "flew into a rage and stopped him it was", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00013-00002519-00002679": "eventually agreed upon that yorichi", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00014-00002680-00002831": "would be sent to a temple to become a", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00015-00002832-00003039": "monk when he turned 10 years old despite", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00016-00003040-00003175": "their father's belief that the mark was", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00017-00003176-00003415": "bad luck it actually granted yurichi", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00018-00003415-00003590": "incredible physical prowess and the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00019-00003592-00003743": "ability to see the bodies of living", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00020-00003744-00003983": "things in transparency yurichi grew up", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00021-00003984-00004215": "very differently from michikatsu being", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00022-00004216-00004399": "given much poorer food and education", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00023-00004400-00004622": "than his brother and confined to a small", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00024-00004623-00004831": "three-tatami room away from the rest of", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00025-00004832-00005015": "the house he never spoke and was thought", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00026-00005016-00005199": "to be deaf as a result his mother", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00027-00005200-00005391": "subsequently made him hanafu do charm", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00028-00005392-00005527": "earrings in the hopes the gods would", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00029-00005528-00005718": "bless him with the ability to speak he", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00030-00005719-00005895": "also was frequently seen clutching his", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00031-00005896-00006127": "mother's side because of this michikatsu", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00032-00006128-00006327": "found him pitiful still his brother", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00033-00006328-00006478": "often snuck behind their father's back", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00034-00006479-00006646": "to see yurichi even giving him a", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00035-00006647-00006855": "handmade flute as a gift to comfort him", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00036-00006856-00007078": "one day when he was seven yarichi smiled", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00037-00007079-00007287": "and spoke for the first time declaring", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00038-00007288-00007487": "his intent to become a samurai like his", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00039-00007488-00007663": "brother after watching mijikatsu", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00040-00007664-00007870": "practice sword swings startling him", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00041-00007872-00008070": "however michikatsu was dismissive of", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00042-00008072-00008246": "this sentiment as it was well known that", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00043-00008247-00008407": "yurichi would be sent to the temple when", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00044-00008408-00008646": "he turns 10. still one of their father's", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00045-00008647-00008823": "men tasked with training mijikatsu", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00046-00008824-00009023": "decided to humor yurichi showing him a", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00047-00009024-00009287": "simple stance unexpectedly the young boy", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00048-00009288-00009455": "flew into action after assuming the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00049-00009456-00009614": "stance landing four blows against the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00050-00009615-00009806": "man and shocking his brother who despite", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00051-00009807-00009974": "his training had never landed one", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00052-00009975-00010135": "however yurichi couldn't stand the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00053-00010136-00010310": "feeling of hitting someone and renounced", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00054-00010311-00010542": "his goal to become a samurai michikatsu", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00055-00010543-00010710": "often asked him about how he managed to", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00056-00010711-00010919": "hit the man and he described what was", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00057-00010920-00011110": "likely an early form of a breathing", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00058-00011111-00011287": "style rather than talk about the sword", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00059-00011288-00011471": "and training he happily told mijikatsu", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00060-00011472-00011623": "he would rather fly kites with him", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00061-00011624-00011719": "instead", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00062-00011720-00011855": "when their mother passed away from her", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00063-00011856-00012063": "illness yorichi went to michikatsu's", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00064-00012064-00012231": "room at night to tell his brother the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00065-00012232-00012406": "news and bid him farewell planning to", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00066-00012407-00012551": "leave for the temple that night he", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00067-00012552-00012735": "expressed gratitude towards his brother", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00068-00012736-00012894": "stating that he would always keep him in", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00069-00012895-00013063": "mind and finally tucked away the flute", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00070-00013063-00013255": "michikatsu had made for him earlier it", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00071-00013256-00013430": "was later revealed to michikatsu through", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00072-00013431-00013599": "their mother's diary that yurichi had", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00073-00013600-00013727": "known everything about their mother's", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00074-00013728-00013911": "illness how it weakened her left side", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00075-00013912-00014079": "and yurichi's frequent attempts to", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00076-00014080-00014247": "support her and help her move around it", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00077-00014247-00014415": "was also revealed that yurichi knew his", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00078-00014416-00014575": "father would make him his heir and send", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00079-00014576-00014743": "mijikatsu to the temple due to his", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00080-00014744-00014951": "newfound sword skills because of this", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00081-00014952-00015119": "yurichi ran away from the house before", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00082-00015119-00015343": "this could happen despite this kind act", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00083-00015344-00015550": "michikatsu developed an intense hatred", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00084-00015551-00015766": "and envy of yurichi for continuing to", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00085-00015768-00015911": "surpass him in everything and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00086-00015912-00016111": "continually showing gratitude to gain", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00087-00016112-00016303": "seemingly nothing after running straight", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00088-00016304-00016471": "for one day and one night without any", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00089-00016472-00016655": "sign of exhaustion into the mountains", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00090-00016656-00016863": "yurichi met a girl around the same age", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00091-00016864-00017086": "named utta whose entire family had died", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00092-00017087-00017255": "yorichi chose to live with her and after", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00093-00017256-00017486": "10 years uttan yurichi had married the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00094-00017487-00017679": "former becoming pregnant later just", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00095-00017680-00017903": "before the expected arrival girichi left", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00096-00017904-00018103": "home to summon a midwife promising his", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00097-00018104-00018311": "wife to be back before the sunset on his", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00098-00018312-00018503": "way urichi had helped an old man and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00099-00018504-00018663": "lost so much time that he decided to", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00100-00018664-00018855": "return home and summon a midwife the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00101-00018856-00019111": "next day by then the sun had already set", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00102-00019112-00019263": "when he finally arrived home he found", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00103-00019264-00019455": "that utta and the unborn child were", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00104-00019456-00019694": "killed by a demon the tragedy shocked", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00105-00019695-00019903": "jorichi so much that he held her corpse", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00106-00019904-00020079": "in his arms for 10 days straight and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00107-00020080-00020279": "only buried them after a pursuing demon", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00108-00020280-00020503": "slayer encouraged him to do so this led", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00109-00020504-00020694": "yurichi to pick up his blade again and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00110-00020695-00020943": "train as a demon slayer aided by his", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00111-00020944-00021158": "demon slayer mark and innate talent for", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00112-00021159-00021343": "swordsmanship yurichi proved to be an", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00113-00021344-00021527": "incredibly powerful demon slayer he", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00114-00021528-00021694": "reunites with michikatsu after the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00115-00021695-00021847": "latter's samurai encampment was", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00116-00021848-00022030": "slaughtered by a demon and he was left", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00117-00022031-00022207": "the sole survivor yurichi killed the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00118-00022208-00022447": "creature effortlessly and apologized for", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00119-00022448-00022647": "the deaths of his brother's comrades", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00120-00022648-00022847": "aided by his breathing technique later", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00121-00022848-00023030": "named sun breathing and wanting to help", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00122-00023031-00023222": "others yurichi tried to teach it to the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00123-00023223-00023455": "other demon slayers however no one could", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00124-00023456-00023703": "match his form exactly undaunted he", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00125-00023704-00023847": "modified the breathing techniques to", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00126-00023848-00024014": "suit their strengths allowing them to", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00127-00024015-00024167": "gain a similar increase in power and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00128-00024168-00024375": "abilities to help them hunt demons the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00129-00024376-00024558": "variations he created formed the first", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00130-00024559-00024799": "water wind flame stone and thunder", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00131-00024800-00024958": "breathing techniques and the best of", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00132-00024959-00025127": "these demon slayers became known as the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00133-00025128-00025350": "hashira michikatsu himself tried and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00134-00025351-00025527": "failed to learn sun breathing instead", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00135-00025528-00025727": "creating his own style he named moon", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00136-00025727-00026031": "breathing soon yorichi encounters muzan", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00137-00026032-00026255": "kibutsuji the progenitor demon and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00138-00026256-00026455": "mortal enemy of the demon slayers", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00139-00026456-00026695": "accompanied by tamayo upon meeting him", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00140-00026695-00026943": "urichi felt his rampant malicious intent", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00141-00026944-00027127": "liking it to boiling magma from a", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00142-00027127-00027335": "volcano ready to consume everything it", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00143-00027336-00027502": "was then he reasoned he was born with", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00144-00027504-00027711": "the skills and talent to defeat muzon", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00145-00027712-00027943": "once and for all muzon stated that he", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00146-00027944-00028135": "had lost interest in swordsmen who", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00147-00028136-00028279": "employ breathing techniques and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00148-00028280-00028462": "performed long sweeps of his arms to", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00149-00028463-00028711": "outright kill yurichi he dodged them but", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00150-00028712-00028887": "instantly realized any of those attacks", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00151-00028888-00029079": "would be fatal and felt fear for the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00152-00029080-00029295": "first time seeing into the transparent", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00153-00029295-00029518": "world yurichi discerned muzon had seven", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00154-00029519-00029718": "hearts and five brains that changed", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00155-00029719-00029935": "position within his body seeing his", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00156-00029936-00030158": "chance he combined all his forms into a", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00157-00030160-00030335": "single attack cutting through them all", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00158-00030336-00030574": "and overpowering muzon completely muzon", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00159-00030575-00030774": "was left in disbelief at his inability", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00160-00030775-00030951": "to regenerate while struggling to keep", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00161-00030952-00031151": "his head attached yoricci asked him what", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00162-00031152-00031311": "he felt was the value of life but didn't", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00163-00031312-00031527": "receive an answer instead he turned to", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00164-00031527-00031687": "tamayo but was surprised to see her", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00165-00031688-00031879": "looking at her master's dismembered body", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00166-00031880-00032127": "with a hopeful gleam in her eyes moving", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00167-00032127-00032287": "to kill him once and for all yurichi", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00168-00032288-00032407": "instead heard the sound of teeth", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00169-00032408-00032639": "cracking as muzon's body burst into", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00170-00032639-00032846": "hundreds of small pieces caught off", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00171-00032847-00033127": "guard he was only able to destroy 1500", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00172-00033128-00033359": "of the 1800 pieces leaving the rest to", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00173-00033360-00033590": "escape from muzan to regenerate again in", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00174-00033591-00033799": "spite of yorichi's failure to kill him", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00175-00033800-00033974": "muzon never forgot the encounter and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00176-00033975-00034167": "remained fearful of yurichi for the rest", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00177-00034168-00034367": "of his life tamayo was on the verge of", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00178-00034368-00034551": "tears as she realized muzon learned how", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00179-00034552-00034774": "to avoid death by decapitation cursing", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00180-00034775-00034943": "the survival of the man that ruined her", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00181-00034944-00035190": "life upon realizing that kibutsuji curse", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00182-00035191-00035407": "failed due to muzon being weakened so", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00183-00035408-00035639": "much tamayo was surprised yurichi", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00184-00035640-00035767": "approaches her and she told him", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00185-00035768-00035951": "everything he needed to know about muzon", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00186-00035952-00036118": "and it was unlikely he would ever meet", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00187-00036119-00036351": "him again as thanks for her aid he let", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00188-00036352-00036583": "her go free soon after this several", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00189-00036584-00036783": "demon slayers came to report to yurichi", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00190-00036784-00036927": "that his brother had betrayed the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00191-00036928-00037239": "organization and become a demon yorichi", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00192-00037240-00037430": "took responsibility for michikatsu's", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00193-00037431-00037662": "betrayal his inability to kill muzon and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00194-00037663-00037902": "letting tamayo escape the other demon", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00195-00037903-00038079": "slayers demanded he kill himself as", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00196-00038080-00038327": "penance but the newly appointed oyakata", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00197-00038328-00038527": "prevented him from doing so allowing him", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00198-00038528-00038727": "to leave in banishment", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00199-00038728-00038951": "after his banishment yaricci decided he", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00200-00038952-00039127": "had much on his mind and wanted someone", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00201-00039128-00039343": "to talk to he could only picture his", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00202-00039344-00039607": "friends sumiyoshi and suyako and decided", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00203-00039608-00039830": "to visit them he meets sumiyoshi sat", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00204-00039831-00039990": "down with him and told him his entire", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00205-00039991-00040143": "story from the beginning to his", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00206-00040144-00040311": "banishment from the demon slayers", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00207-00040312-00040495": "reminded of his tragedies and speaking", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00208-00040496-00040687": "of his regret at letting muzan live and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00209-00040688-00040871": "the countless deaths that would follow", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00210-00040872-00041127": "yorichi grew despondent sumir arrives at", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00211-00041128-00041311": "that moment to ask for a hug at", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00212-00041312-00041535": "sumiyoshi's request he lifts her up", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00213-00041536-00041751": "making her laugh and squeal with joy", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00214-00041752-00041927": "causing him to break down in tears and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00215-00041928-00042151": "embrace her suyaku arrived shortly after", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00216-00042152-00042351": "to comfort him and treat yorichi to a", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00217-00042352-00042551": "meal and cheer him up while with the", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00218-00042552-00042727": "kamados yorichi would be asked to", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00219-00042728-00042902": "perform the sun breathing's forms he", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00220-00042903-00043095": "kindly did so performing all the moves", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00221-00043096-00043302": "with such grace he was likened more like", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00222-00043303-00043502": "a spirit than a human sumiyoshi would", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00223-00043503-00043711": "watch this demonstration intently and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00224-00043712-00043935": "keep them in his memories on his last", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00225-00043936-00044127": "night despite being told he was welcome", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00226-00044128-00044407": "at any time yorichi gave sumiyoshi his", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00227-00044408-00044679": "own hanafuda earrings sumiyoshi and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00228-00044680-00044871": "suyako realized that this was going to", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00229-00044872-00045071": "be the last time he will ever see them", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00230-00045072-00045287": "overcome with emotion sumi yoshi called", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00231-00045288-00045495": "out to urichi as he walked away calling", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00232-00045496-00045735": "him to stop he reminded that he saved", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00233-00045736-00045887": "them and he voiced his promise to", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00234-00045888-00046039": "preserve the sun breathing's forms", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00235-00046040-00046246": "through his descendants hearing this", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00236-00046247-00046455": "yurichi turns and smiles brightly", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00237-00046456-00046630": "thanking the commodores and waving them", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00238-00046631-00046846": "farewell despite the apparently limited", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00239-00046847-00047046": "lifespan of 25 years suffered by those", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00240-00047047-00047239": "who bore the demon slayer mark yaricci", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00241-00047240-00047439": "lived till his 80s but eventually went", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00242-00047440-00047695": "blind as he continued slaying demons", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00243-00047696-00047879": "on the last day of his life he would", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00244-00047880-00048111": "personally confront michikatsu now known", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00245-00048112-00048327": "as kokushibo and muzan's strongest", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00246-00048328-00048615": "lieutenant as upper rank 1 of 12 kizuki", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00247-00048616-00048758": "devastated at what his brother had", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00248-00048759-00049023": "become he cried and kokushibo could only", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00249-00049024-00049174": "show disgust that his younger brother", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00250-00049175-00049407": "was old but still alive despite having", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00251-00049408-00049590": "the mark in spite of his love for him", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00252-00049591-00049758": "yorichi knew he had to kill him and", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00253-00049759-00049999": "prepared to strike kokushibo's disgust", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00254-00050000-00050167": "turned to fear upon seeing that yoricci", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00255-00050168-00050335": "still was the same capable and powerful", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00256-00050336-00050511": "warrior from before he told his brother", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00257-00050512-00050711": "when he was to attack and soon struck", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00258-00050712-00050846": "slicing through his neck without", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00259-00050847-00051079": "kokushibo able to even draw his blade", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00260-00051080-00051246": "angered at being surpassed again", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00261-00051247-00051463": "kokoshibo waited for the next attack", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00262-00051464-00051711": "unfortunately it never came yorichi", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00263-00051712-00051966": "passes from old age untouched angered", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00264-00051967-00052158": "that his one chance at a fair battle is", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00265-00052159-00052350": "gone and the man who nearly killed muzon", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00266-00052351-00052550": "and him is now dead and undefeated", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00267-00052551-00052759": "forever kokushibo would strike at his", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00268-00052760-00052950": "brother's corpse in scorn only to", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00269-00052951-00053150": "realize yorichi carried the flute he", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00270-00053151-00053350": "gifted to him when they were both still", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00271-00053351-00053575": "children unable to sever his connection", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00272-00053576-00053815": "with yurichi kokushibo took the split", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00273-00053816-00054030": "flute and carried it with him", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00274-00054032-00054199": "click on this video where we explained", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00275-00054200-00054415": "every breathing style in demon slayer", "0ehqEuU6RwU-00276-00054416-00054744": "come on click it"}}, {"audio_id": "0ekrT-1rG8M", "text": {"0ekrT-1rG8M-00000-00000000-00000191": "hey it's Dean here and I want to share", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00001-00000192-00000440": "with you some key things if you're", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00002-00000441-00000653": "thinking about starting a business these", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00003-00000654-00000928": "are some key things that I think will", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00004-00000930-00001303": "help you be successful in your first", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00005-00001304-00001525": "hundred days", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00006-00001526-00001813": "[Music]", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00007-00001814-00002062": "just before I go into the video please", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00008-00002063-00002332": "like comment and subscribe to the", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00009-00002333-00002548": "channel it really helps us get seen", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00010-00002549-00002710": "across the platform so if you get some", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00011-00002711-00002940": "value from this video please return the", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00012-00002941-00002995": "favor", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00013-00002996-00003147": "like comment subscribe when you're", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00014-00003148-00003256": "starting a business whether you're", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00015-00003257-00003363": "starting it because you got laid off", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00016-00003364-00003532": "whether you starting it because you got", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00017-00003533-00003618": "a great idea", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00018-00003619-00003807": "there are some really key things that", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00019-00003808-00004006": "you need to kind of grab hold of and", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00020-00004007-00004285": "understand in those first early days to", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00021-00004286-00004572": "make sure you hit the ground running I'm", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00022-00004573-00004777": "sure lots of people will come with these", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00023-00004778-00004984": "big grandiose things that you should be", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00024-00004985-00005197": "doing but actually most people start", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00025-00005198-00005416": "businesses with zero money or with a", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00026-00005417-00005542": "little bit of money that they've got", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00027-00005543-00005679": "themselves my father gave me a small", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00028-00005680-00005863": "loan of a million dollars they just", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00029-00005864-00006040": "start with what they've got so I'm gonna", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00030-00006041-00006375": "share with you three simple things that", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00031-00006376-00006634": "you can do that will help you make sure", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00032-00006634-00006888": "that your first hundred days are the", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00033-00006889-00007177": "best they can be so number one have a", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00034-00007178-00007369": "clear understanding of who you're trying", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00035-00007370-00007590": "to sell your product or service to", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00036-00007591-00007858": "starbursts a lot of time trying to sell", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00037-00007859-00008013": "to the wrong people if you've got a", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00038-00008014-00008209": "product service or solution and you're", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00039-00008210-00008428": "looking to get that out into the", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00040-00008429-00008731": "marketplace really kind of map out who", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00041-00008732-00009001": "it is that you're trying to sell to in", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00042-00009002-00009153": "other words when you look at your", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00043-00009154-00009445": "product and the advantages owning your", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00044-00009446-00009642": "product or purchasing your product has", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00045-00009643-00009976": "for a customer who gets the most benefit", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00046-00009977-00010102": "from it think about all the different", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00047-00010103-00010335": "customers you can think of mums dads old", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00048-00010336-00010533": "people young people businesspeople", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00049-00010534-00010795": "accountants whoever they are and think", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00050-00010796-00010992": "about who gets the most benefit out of", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00051-00010993-00011203": "it and just go for your biggest benefit", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00052-00011204-00011377": "first and target the audience where you", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00053-00011378-00011610": "can add the biggest benefit make sure", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00054-00011611-00011848": "that your wording your advertising any", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00055-00011849-00012124": "of your messaging is geared around them", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00056-00012125-00012327": "because in the first hundred days you", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00057-00012328-00012505": "want to make the biggest impact on your", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00058-00012506-00012735": "business to give you the momentum to", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00059-00012736-00012958": "keep going momentum comes from selling", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00060-00012959-00013122": "things in other words making a profit", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00061-00013123-00013390": "earning money but it also comes from", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00062-00013391-00013681": "here and it comes from here if you're", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00063-00013682-00013956": "not motivated here and here you will", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00064-00013957-00014155": "your business will fizzle out before it", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00065-00014156-00014446": "ever gets past its first hundred days so", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00066-00014447-00014761": "it's really important that you sell to", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00067-00014762-00015061": "the people you can give the most benefit", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00068-00015062-00015172": "to for", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00069-00015172-00015574": "number two don't obsess about building a", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00070-00015575-00015877": "website here it is everybody the world's", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00071-00015878-00016312": "greatest website a lot of people go oh", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00072-00016313-00016504": "you need a website and all this kind of", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00073-00016505-00016836": "stuff when you start business you need a", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00074-00016837-00017212": "landing page maximum and the reason I", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00075-00017213-00017509": "say this is because a website is a", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00076-00017510-00017866": "mammoth project and in your first few", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00077-00017867-00018079": "weeks and months you don't have the", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00078-00018080-00018480": "first idea of how to write produce and", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00079-00018481-00018664": "put together a website because", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00080-00018665-00018940": "everything that you know right now will", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00081-00018941-00019228": "change as you launch into the market so", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00082-00019229-00019540": "if you start building a website now one", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00083-00019541-00019660": "it will take you forever", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00084-00019661-00019849": "and it won't look right you won't be", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00085-00019850-00020025": "happy with it you will be satisfied with", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00086-00020026-00020263": "it number two reason you shouldn't do it", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00087-00020264-00020533": "is it will take up a lot of your mental", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00088-00020534-00020791": "energy and your mental energy needs to", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00089-00020792-00021052": "be focused on I've got a product let's", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00090-00021053-00021271": "get it out there so a very simple", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00091-00021272-00021505": "landing page that validates who you are", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00092-00021506-00021730": "some ways to reach you a bit of", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00093-00021731-00021856": "information about the productivity", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00094-00021857-00022021": "ecommerce obviously a way to buy the", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00095-00022022-00022342": "product but just one page one simple", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00096-00022343-00022489": "page that says this is who we are this", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00097-00022490-00022756": "is what we can do done don't focus and", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00098-00022757-00023017": "waste your time on a website in your", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00099-00023018-00023316": "first few weeks and months final tip", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00100-00023317-00023703": "when you're reaching out to people be", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00101-00023704-00023950": "very careful about saying you're a", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00102-00023951-00024139": "startup when brushfire media does a", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00103-00024140-00024277": "little differently we started in our", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00104-00024278-00024622": "dorm room as well as will seamlessly", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00105-00024623-00024862": "fuse branding integrations with content", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00106-00024863-00025114": "creators such as yourself any event now", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00107-00025115-00025315": "it's really hip and trendy to be a", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00108-00025316-00025489": "startup and you might think that's cool", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00109-00025490-00025725": "but some customers will be worried about", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00110-00025726-00025906": "whether you're gonna be around for the", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00111-00025907-00026070": "long term whether this product's any", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00112-00026072-00026251": "good are you just trying to scam them", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00113-00026252-00026506": "don't make being a start-up a selling", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00114-00026507-00026698": "point just say who you are this is what", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00115-00026699-00026908": "you do be very very clear but don't", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00116-00026908-00027144": "obsess about this whole startup culture", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00117-00027145-00027394": "customers just want a product that does", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00118-00027395-00027682": "the job saves them time money or gives", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00119-00027683-00027862": "them a benefit they don't care whether", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00120-00027863-00028006": "you're a startup they don't care whether", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00121-00028007-00028221": "you're a 500 year old company they want", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00122-00028222-00028402": "to know that their product is good and", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00123-00028402-00028539": "does the job the comfort", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00124-00028540-00028722": "don't undersell yourself because you're", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00125-00028723-00028957": "nervous about your business don't over", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00126-00028958-00029166": "promise and under deliver but make sure", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00127-00029167-00029361": "that you are certain in that you want to", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00128-00029362-00029520": "give this product to the customer and", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00129-00029521-00029787": "this product is amazing sometimes our", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00130-00029788-00030021": "lack of confidence because we're", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00131-00030022-00030235": "starting a new venture we're starting a", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00132-00030236-00030447": "new business we can actually in our", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00133-00030448-00030708": "language push that through to the", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00134-00030709-00030939": "customer and it actually harms our sales", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00135-00030940-00031242": "so be really clear that this is a great", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00136-00031243-00031579": "product people love it don't go over the", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00137-00031580-00031860": "top but at the same time don't undersell", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00138-00031861-00032010": "yourself these things can kind of", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00139-00032011-00032211": "preoccupy us and when we approach new", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00140-00032212-00032394": "customers they kind of come out in our", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00141-00032395-00032631": "conversation and we actually undermine", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00142-00032632-00032868": "the very sales pitch we're trying to", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00143-00032869-00033066": "make you don't need to go all nuts and", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00144-00033067-00033264": "pretend to be cooperating like that but", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00145-00033265-00033549": "really hold your language in check when", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00146-00033550-00033654": "you're approaching customers", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00147-00033655-00033810": "particularly if you have to sell the", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00148-00033811-00034023": "product it's not just like you know an", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00149-00034024-00034299": "online store or something like if you", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00150-00034300-00034452": "have to sell the product if you have to", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00151-00034453-00034707": "make calls or or reach out to people to", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00152-00034708-00034920": "sell it don't use language that would", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00153-00034921-00035340": "undermine people's confidence in you and", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00154-00035341-00035514": "that's really important is that", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00155-00035515-00035710": "customers want confidence when they're", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00156-00035711-00035976": "buying a product even if you offer a", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00157-00035977-00036249": "30-day guarantee with your product if", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00158-00036250-00036465": "you undermine your sales pitch with", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00159-00036466-00036729": "negative language they will still not", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00160-00036730-00036954": "find any reassurance in any form of", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00161-00036955-00037182": "guarantee money-back thing because you", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00162-00037183-00037416": "have to give customers confidence", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00163-00037417-00037626": "it doesn't mean bullshitting people it", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00164-00037627-00037902": "means telling people confidently and", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00165-00037903-00038163": "them reading you and seeing that you're", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00166-00038164-00038391": "confident in your own business and it's", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00167-00038392-00038568": "really important that you're confident", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00168-00038569-00038685": "in your business in the first hundred", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00169-00038686-00038919": "days those hundred days starting a", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00170-00038920-00039057": "business and getting out into the", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00171-00039058-00039330": "marketplace our hard work and you have", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00172-00039331-00039567": "to be committed to push through all of", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00173-00039568-00039717": "those challenges all of those", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00174-00039718-00039957": "frustrations and yes sometimes you're", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00175-00039958-00040257": "gonna feel like this should not be this", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00176-00040258-00040560": "hard it is that that's hard you have to", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00177-00040561-00040806": "push and push and push and it's like", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00178-00040807-00041118": "pushing like a snowball or a rock up a", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00179-00041119-00041319": "hill till you reach the top and then it", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00180-00041320-00041473": "catches momentum and rolls down the", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00181-00041474-00041736": "other side and gave us pace and momentum", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00182-00041737-00041803": "you", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00183-00041804-00042085": "you have to create that momentum so in", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00184-00042086-00042403": "your first hundred days your key role is", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00185-00042404-00042748": "to get momentum behind your product not", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00186-00042749-00042976": "all the other stuff that might you might", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00187-00042977-00043225": "think is important and long term will be", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00188-00043226-00043507": "important but initially what you need to", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00189-00043508-00043789": "do is build momentum behind your product", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00190-00043790-00044062": "which means going after the people you", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00191-00044063-00044389": "can give the most benefit to first not", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00192-00044390-00044698": "getting bogged down in complex marketing", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00193-00044699-00044986": "like building websites keep it simple at", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00194-00044987-00045211": "the start and then finally being", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00195-00045212-00045430": "confident and believing in what you're", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00196-00045431-00045688": "saying don't let your nervousness about", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00197-00045689-00045898": "your startup and whether it will be", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00198-00045899-00046039": "successful and all that kind of stuff", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00199-00046040-00046300": "come through in your communication that", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00200-00046301-00046683": "harms your sales and potential new", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00201-00046684-00047059": "customers decision to buy if you've", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00202-00047060-00047307": "liked this video please do subscribe", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00203-00047308-00047506": "thanks for watching the channel there's", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00204-00047507-00047764": "some other videos you can watch all", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00205-00047765-00047917": "about helping you grow your business", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00206-00047918-00048181": "help you think of it differently so that", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00207-00048182-00048367": "you can grow your business successfully", "0ekrT-1rG8M-00208-00048368-00048694": "thanks for watching"}}, {"audio_id": "0eH4HI9Sj34", "text": {"0eH4HI9Sj34-00000-00000248-00000471": "good morning welcome to cmc markets on", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00001-00000472-00000726": "friday the 19th of november", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00002-00000727-00000862": "and this quick look at the week ahead", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00003-00000863-00001215": "beginning the 22nd of november", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00004-00001216-00001439": "with me michael houston", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00005-00001440-00001679": "and it's been a", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00006-00001680-00001830": "divergent i think", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00007-00001832-00002063": "a diverse week at divergent week for", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00008-00002064-00002231": "equity markets we've seen under", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00009-00002232-00002375": "performance", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00010-00002376-00002758": "from the ftse 100 for most of this week", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00011-00002759-00002918": "while at the same time also seeing", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00012-00002919-00003175": "record highs for the likes of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00013-00003176-00003343": "the dax", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00014-00003344-00003583": "and the cat current and obviously the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00015-00003584-00003959": "wider euro stocks you know stocks 50 the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00016-00003960-00004231": "the the stock 600", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00017-00004232-00004343": "as well", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00018-00004344-00004527": "and", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00019-00004528-00004670": "it's been a little bit of a strange one", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00020-00004671-00004911": "because i think one of the key takeaways", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00021-00004912-00005102": "from this week has been", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00022-00005103-00005270": "reports that have been basically", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00023-00005271-00005486": "trickling out from", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00024-00005487-00005775": "um europe the term infection rates there", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00025-00005776-00006127": "are rising quite sharply", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00026-00006128-00006391": "and yet for the most part of this week", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00027-00006392-00006527": "we've seen", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00028-00006528-00006646": "german", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00029-00006647-00006742": "french", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00030-00006743-00006919": "and european shares", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00031-00006920-00007078": "maintain", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00032-00007079-00007406": "their resilience until today um today", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00033-00007408-00007646": "we've seen a little bit of a roll-off", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00034-00007647-00007798": "um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00035-00007800-00008055": "on the basis the lockdowns are returning", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00036-00008056-00008199": "we've heard the austrian government", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00037-00008200-00008359": "announced this morning", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00038-00008360-00008535": "that they're implementing a 20-day", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00039-00008536-00008646": "lockdown", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00040-00008647-00008742": "and", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00041-00008743-00008895": "even", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00042-00008896-00009087": "even more troublingly", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00043-00009088-00009455": "um imposing mandatory vaccines from the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00044-00009456-00009631": "1st of february", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00045-00009632-00009823": "next year and that is a really", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00046-00009824-00009951": "significant", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00047-00009952-00010063": "change", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00048-00010064-00010342": "and if it's followed by", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00049-00010343-00010559": "other governments who seem to be really", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00050-00010560-00010671": "struggling", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00051-00010672-00010751": "to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00052-00010752-00010983": "get infection rates down i think it's", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00053-00010984-00011151": "going to make it a very very difficult", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00054-00011152-00011287": "winter", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00055-00011288-00011478": "for european markets and certainly i", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00056-00011479-00011631": "think what we're seeing at the moment", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00057-00011632-00011855": "with respect to the way markets in", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00058-00011856-00012063": "europe are behaving today", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00059-00012064-00012310": "appears to be um indicative of that if", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00060-00012311-00012478": "we just look at the daily candle here", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00061-00012479-00012678": "for today in the decks we've seen", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00062-00012679-00012846": "incremental rises", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00063-00012847-00012991": "all of this week", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00064-00012991-00013191": "markets rising", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00065-00013191-00013519": "um or slowly drifting higher uh more on", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00066-00013519-00013630": "a lack of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00067-00013631-00013807": "a lack of interest i think than anything", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00068-00013808-00013935": "else and then today i think the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00069-00013936-00014111": "realities hit home", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00070-00014112-00014311": "governments are struggling high energy", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00071-00014312-00014599": "prices supply chain disruptions", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00072-00014600-00014783": "i think there are concerns that even", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00073-00014784-00015015": "with the ecb", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00074-00015016-00015263": "maintaining their um fairly loose", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00075-00015263-00015463": "monetary policy", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00076-00015463-00015719": "it's going to be a very difficult winter", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00077-00015719-00015822": "um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00078-00015823-00015919": "for", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00079-00015919-00016111": "financial markets as well as for the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00080-00016112-00016358": "rest of us and the ftse 100 which has", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00081-00016359-00016519": "been in pretty much", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00082-00016520-00016903": "full risk off mode all week um is also", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00083-00016904-00017063": "i'm heading lower even though at one", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00084-00017064-00017391": "point this morning it was actually out", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00085-00017392-00017591": "performing so let's look", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00086-00017592-00017743": "at this week's", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00087-00017744-00018022": "key markets and as we can see from this", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00088-00018023-00018271": "chart here or this this this watch list", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00089-00018272-00018494": "here footsie 100", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00090-00018495-00018583": "has", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00091-00018584-00018735": "um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00092-00018736-00019030": "shows a completely different picture to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00093-00019031-00019119": "what's", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00094-00019120-00019286": "was being shown on the dax and the cat", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00095-00019287-00019519": "quran we've seen since friday", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00096-00019520-00019639": "um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00097-00019640-00019871": "a daily decline every single day this", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00098-00019872-00020071": "week and we're heading back", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00099-00020072-00020255": "to that key support level that i've been", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00100-00020256-00020478": "talking about have been mentioning for", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00101-00020479-00020750": "several weeks now or several days now", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00102-00020751-00021083": "the 7190 area 71 80 90 area", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00103-00021084-00021358": "coincides with the low on the 29th of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00104-00021359-00021543": "october", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00105-00021544-00021743": "and we've also got the 50-day moving", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00106-00021744-00021999": "average coming in as well now at the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00107-00022000-00022222": "moment here in the uk there doesn't", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00108-00022223-00022375": "appear to be any", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00109-00022376-00022703": "sign that the uk government is leaning", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00110-00022704-00022878": "towards", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00111-00022879-00023094": "further restrictions the booster", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00112-00023095-00023255": "campaign", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00113-00023256-00023430": "is running quite nicely currently", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00114-00023431-00023686": "running around about 13 million people", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00115-00023687-00023807": "have had their", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00116-00023808-00024094": "booster jab which probably means that", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00117-00024095-00024414": "the vast majority of more vulnerable", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00118-00024415-00024622": "cohort of the population", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00119-00024623-00024767": "um are as", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00120-00024768-00025207": "are as protected as they possibly can be", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00121-00025208-00025503": "what we've also seen uh this week as we", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00122-00025504-00025743": "look at look at us markets is again", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00123-00025744-00025855": "we've seen", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00124-00025856-00026199": "more record highs the s p 500", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00125-00026200-00026655": "um as well as um the nasdaq as well i", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00126-00026656-00026974": "certainly think going forward into", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00127-00026975-00027231": "um november and december the air is", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00128-00027232-00027423": "starting to get a little bit thin given", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00129-00027424-00027599": "the fact that if we actually look at the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00130-00027600-00027807": "year-to-date gains", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00131-00027808-00028287": "for say for example the s p 500 um we", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00132-00028288-00028399": "haven't", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00133-00028400-00028567": "haven't done too badly and you've really", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00134-00028568-00028870": "got to ask yourself um even allowing for", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00135-00028872-00029158": "the fact that the fed is now starting to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00136-00029160-00029383": "tape recessive purchase program", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00137-00029383-00029631": "um how much juice there is left in the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00138-00029632-00029727": "tank", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00139-00029727-00029843": "for", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00140-00029844-00030111": "2021. um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00141-00030112-00030302": "we've had a whole host of central banks", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00142-00030303-00030470": "sorry it's not central banks", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00143-00030472-00030662": "investment banks", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00144-00030663-00030902": "revise higher", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00145-00030903-00031062": "their projections", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00146-00031063-00031287": "for next year for the s p 500 we've had", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00147-00031288-00031558": "goldman's talking about 5100", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00148-00031560-00031951": "for the s p 500 um which", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00149-00031952-00032118": "yeah i think if you'd if you'd said that", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00150-00032119-00032343": "to me", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00151-00032344-00032527": "last year at this time last year i would", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00152-00032527-00032718": "have said was completely unrealistic but", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00153-00032719-00033015": "now when we're at 4600 you saw you sort", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00154-00033016-00033199": "of question well actually maybe this is", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00155-00033200-00033495": "a distinct possibility we could see that", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00156-00033496-00033751": "um so what's what's up you know what's", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00157-00033752-00033895": "happening today well obviously travel", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00158-00033896-00034262": "and leisure is getting here hard um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00159-00034263-00034479": "on the back of these um these these lock", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00160-00034480-00034687": "down headlines and um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00161-00034688-00034983": "uh mandatory vaccination headlines maybe", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00162-00034984-00035190": "this is just a little bit of end of week", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00163-00035191-00035383": "collie wobbles and things will settle", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00164-00035384-00035711": "down as we head into next week which is", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00165-00035712-00036046": "also thanksgiving week in the us", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00166-00036047-00036183": "and", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00167-00036184-00036415": "if we look at if we look back at some of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00168-00036416-00036711": "the data that we've seen this week by", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00169-00036712-00036918": "and large it actually hasn't been that", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00170-00036919-00037118": "bad we've seen some very decent earnings", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00171-00037119-00037239": "announcements", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00172-00037240-00037487": "and we've seen", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00173-00037488-00037815": "some fairly positive economic data going", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00174-00037816-00038087": "forward so when you look past all of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00175-00038088-00038190": "these", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00176-00038191-00038415": "dark headlines and actually look at the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00177-00038416-00038639": "actual numbers themselves things are", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00178-00038640-00038839": "still", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00179-00038840-00039230": "better than they were say for example", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00180-00039231-00039462": "this time last year so", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00181-00039463-00039687": "i think sometimes it's important to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00182-00039688-00039774": "um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00183-00039775-00039943": "when you have when you absorb these", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00184-00039944-00040143": "sorts of headlines take a little bit of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00185-00040144-00040287": "a step back", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00186-00040288-00040551": "try and not get caught up", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00187-00040552-00040799": "in the noise of the headlines and", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00188-00040800-00041055": "actually look much more dispassionately", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00189-00041056-00041287": "at what's happening with respect to the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00190-00041288-00041462": "actual price action", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00191-00041463-00041623": "itself", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00192-00041624-00041711": "so", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00193-00041712-00042007": "obviously oil prices have taken a step", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00194-00042008-00042158": "back on the back of these renewed", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00195-00042159-00042311": "lockdown fears", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00196-00042312-00042423": "which", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00197-00042424-00042574": "in some respects actually might be a", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00198-00042575-00042711": "blessing in disguise because it", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00199-00042712-00042855": "certainly does take", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00200-00042856-00043127": "some of the heat out of the inflation", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00201-00043128-00043255": "discussion", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00202-00043256-00043479": "earlier this week we thought we saw uk", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00203-00043480-00043815": "cpi hit the hit its highest level in you", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00204-00043816-00044111": "know in in over 10 years at 4.2 percent", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00205-00044112-00044374": "i think what was particularly notable", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00206-00044375-00044599": "was uh and it didn't really get widely", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00207-00044600-00044711": "reported", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00208-00044712-00045087": "was that retail prices the rpi um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00209-00045088-00045302": "moved above six percent now it's not", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00210-00045303-00045599": "been above six percent since 1990", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00211-00045600-00045846": "it's 31 years ago so that gives you an", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00212-00045847-00046095": "indication of how hot", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00213-00046096-00046383": "inflation is running at the moment now", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00214-00046384-00046567": "for the time being", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00215-00046568-00046718": "it doesn't appear", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00216-00046719-00047023": "to be affecting consumer confidence", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00217-00047024-00047246": "um any more badly than say for example", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00218-00047247-00047551": "the lock down headlines of 18 to 20", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00219-00047552-00047718": "months ago and i think that's largely", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00220-00047719-00047983": "because a large part of the uk", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00221-00047984-00048190": "population has probably still got quite", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00222-00048191-00048302": "a bit", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00223-00048303-00048567": "of disposable income as a consequence of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00224-00048568-00048783": "the fact that um they weren't able to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00225-00048784-00049023": "spend as much money this year because", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00226-00049024-00049158": "they weren't allowed to go on overseas", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00227-00049159-00049430": "holidays they stayed at home", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00228-00049431-00049583": "probably took", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00229-00049584-00049815": "more short breaks than rather", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00230-00049816-00049958": "longer breaks", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00231-00049959-00050127": "and the fact that", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00232-00050128-00050262": "unemployment", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00233-00050263-00050486": "is once again returning to the levels of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00234-00050487-00050646": "that it was pre-pandemic and there are", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00235-00050647-00050855": "over 1 million vacancies so", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00236-00050856-00051062": "looking past all of the bleak headlines", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00237-00051063-00051270": "there are certainly pockets of optimism", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00238-00051271-00051446": "to be found", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00239-00051447-00051694": "so certainly relief in oil prices is", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00240-00051695-00051854": "welcome we've fallen below the 50-day", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00241-00051855-00052126": "moving average the big thing now is for", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00242-00052127-00052447": "us to fall below this low here to get", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00243-00052448-00052623": "some sort of semblance as to whether or", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00244-00052624-00052830": "not we could well see", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00245-00052832-00053094": "further declines in brent crow prices i", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00246-00053095-00053238": "think also these reports of a", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00247-00053239-00053463": "coordinated spr release strategic", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00248-00053464-00053623": "petroleum reserves", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00249-00053624-00053726": "from", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00250-00053727-00054054": "the u.s china and japan is also", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00251-00054055-00054223": "weighing on the price as well as", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00252-00054224-00054494": "concerns about a drop in demand for oil", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00253-00054495-00054703": "products in the event that", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00254-00054704-00054919": "europe does go down", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00255-00054920-00055119": "or good parts of europe go down a full", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00256-00055120-00055279": "lockdown route certainly they're talking", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00257-00055279-00055494": "about the prospect of a full lockdown in", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00258-00055495-00055687": "germany we're not there yet", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00259-00055688-00055791": "but", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00260-00055791-00055991": "if that does happen", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00261-00055991-00056150": "and certainly the pressure on health", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00262-00056151-00056415": "services there does appear to be rising", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00263-00056416-00056766": "then that could well um help to keep a", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00264-00056767-00056847": "lid", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00265-00056848-00057087": "on brent crew prices but obviously that", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00266-00057088-00057311": "is also dependent on the fact that", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00267-00057312-00057519": "um we don't get a cold snap", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00268-00057520-00057775": "if we do get a cold snap of weather that", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00269-00057776-00057950": "could muddy the picture", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00270-00057951-00058191": "even more than it already has done it's", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00271-00058191-00058447": "been a good week for the pound this week", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00272-00058448-00058782": "by and large struggling to get above 135", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00273-00058783-00058950": "at the moment but against the euro it's", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00274-00058951-00059142": "had a really solid week", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00275-00059144-00059350": "the big level on cable at the moment is", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00276-00059351-00059566": "around 133 and a half", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00277-00059567-00059854": "seen a bit of a sell-off from the 135", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00278-00059855-00060103": "1015 area if you've been following my", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00279-00060104-00060350": "daily notes on the chart forums you'll", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00280-00060351-00060559": "know that there is a bit of a resistance", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00281-00060560-00060959": "around about 135 135 20 and for us to to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00282-00060960-00061142": "make progress back towards the top of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00283-00061144-00061326": "this channel we really need to see a", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00284-00061327-00061606": "break of that 135 20 area there more", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00285-00061607-00061838": "importantly i think", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00286-00061839-00062030": "being longer sterling", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00287-00062032-00062254": "if we look at euro sterling that has", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00288-00062255-00062454": "continued to come under pressure and the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00289-00062455-00062654": "fact that christine lagarde earlier", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00290-00062655-00062942": "today suggested that the ecb is in no", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00291-00062944-00063087": "rush", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00292-00063088-00063263": "um to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00293-00063264-00063447": "raise interest rates and doesn't see the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00294-00063448-00063711": "prospect of a rate rise next year um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00295-00063712-00063894": "that is also putting pressure on the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00296-00063895-00064159": "euro and with with the wider question i", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00297-00064160-00064319": "think being whether or not the bank of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00298-00064320-00064415": "england", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00299-00064416-00064550": "will raise rates when it meets in", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00300-00064551-00064654": "december", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00301-00064655-00064830": "certainly they they", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00302-00064832-00065135": "they haven't historically been minded to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00303-00065136-00065375": "push rates up just before christmas", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00304-00065376-00065582": "but there's there's always a first time", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00305-00065583-00065887": "for everything but as with andrew balian", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00306-00065888-00066175": "and the motley crew at the mpc who knows", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00307-00066176-00066455": "what they're going to do", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00308-00066456-00066719": "my hunch says they may", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00309-00066720-00066975": "hike rates certainly the markets are", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00310-00066976-00067167": "cautiously pricing", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00311-00067168-00067367": "some form of move on rates", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00312-00067368-00067591": "in december but given the shambles", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00313-00067592-00067735": "earlier this month i certainly wouldn't", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00314-00067736-00067894": "put my mortgage on it", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00315-00067895-00068206": "so um but at the moment the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00316-00068207-00068367": "the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00317-00068368-00068791": "stars are aligning for a possible 0.15", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00318-00068792-00068999": "interest rate rise when the bank of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00319-00069000-00069343": "england meets um in mid december so that", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00320-00069344-00069455": "should", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00321-00069456-00069703": "um broadly support the pound", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00322-00069704-00069903": "um going into the end of the year", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00323-00069904-00070135": "probably more so against the euro than", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00324-00070136-00070326": "anything else so as we look ahead to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00325-00070327-00070559": "next week we're fairly light", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00326-00070560-00070750": "on the data front if we look at the way", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00327-00070751-00070959": "the dollar is performing once again", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00328-00070960-00071143": "that's breaking out to the top side i", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00329-00071144-00071367": "don't think that is going to change and", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00330-00071368-00071567": "certainly i think in terms of fed policy", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00331-00071568-00071694": "speak", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00332-00071695-00071911": "the likelihood is the dollar is probably", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00333-00071912-00072255": "going to continue to make gains and push", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00334-00072256-00072382": "up towards", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00335-00072383-00072871": "the 1000 level on the cmc dollar index", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00336-00072872-00073071": "this this level here and these these", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00337-00073072-00073255": "peaks all the way back here", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00338-00073256-00073415": "in september why do i say that well", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00339-00073416-00073647": "we've got third quarter gdp", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00340-00073648-00073935": "out of the us on the 24th of november", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00341-00073936-00074223": "we've also got pce deflator", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00342-00074224-00074494": "which is called chord deflator which is", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00343-00074495-00074631": "the federal reserve's preferred", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00344-00074632-00074967": "inflation measure and that is likely um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00345-00074968-00075094": "to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00346-00075095-00075367": "move above uh", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00347-00075368-00075567": "move above four percent", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00348-00075568-00075662": "um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00349-00075663-00075847": "from 3.6", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00350-00075848-00076150": "and to levels last seen in 1990.", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00351-00076151-00076326": "with the fed minutes latest fed minutes", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00352-00076327-00076615": "also due out i think it should create", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00353-00076616-00076879": "for an interesting dynamic", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00354-00076880-00077079": "when it comes to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00355-00077080-00077303": "the tone of the conversations that were", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00356-00077304-00077438": "being had", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00357-00077439-00077767": "about the tapering of asset purchases we", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00358-00077768-00078038": "all know that the fed is tapering", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00359-00078039-00078182": "10 billion", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00360-00078183-00078367": "in treasuries and 5 billion dollars in", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00361-00078368-00078623": "mortgage-backed securities starting uh", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00362-00078624-00078782": "this month", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00363-00078783-00079015": "the bigger question i think for me", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00364-00079016-00079350": "is whether the discussion deviated into", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00365-00079351-00079606": "a higher monthly taper amount and how", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00366-00079607-00079943": "many people or how many mpc fomc members", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00367-00079944-00080175": "were calling for a higher amount", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00368-00080176-00080399": "certainly recent comments from the likes", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00369-00080400-00080559": "of james bullard", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00370-00080560-00080775": "of the st louis fed who is a voting", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00371-00080776-00080911": "member next year he's not a voting", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00372-00080912-00081031": "member this year but he is a voting", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00373-00081032-00081311": "member next year and he's been calling", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00374-00081312-00081671": "for a faster taper of asset purchases", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00375-00081672-00081887": "when we head into 2022 and it'll be", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00376-00081888-00082087": "interesting to see whether or not there", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00377-00082088-00082231": "are any other", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00378-00082232-00082367": "members", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00379-00082368-00082647": "raphael bostic there's also been a", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00380-00082648-00082815": "policy a fed policy maker who's been", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00381-00082816-00083087": "calling for rate rises next year so the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00382-00083088-00083335": "fed is definitely tilting in a much more", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00383-00083336-00083599": "hawkish direction as we head into next", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00384-00083600-00083982": "year and that's likely to to i think", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00385-00083983-00084191": "keep with upward pressure on the dollar", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00386-00084192-00084359": "and that's essentially why i think cable", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00387-00084360-00084503": "is going to be very very difficult to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00388-00084504-00084679": "call because i think in terms of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00389-00084680-00084847": "sterling sterling is going to be very", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00390-00084848-00084982": "much", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00391-00084983-00085191": "a play probably against", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00392-00085192-00085415": "the lower yielding currencies like the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00393-00085416-00085647": "euro the swiss franc and the japanese", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00394-00085648-00085894": "yen than it is against the dollar having", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00395-00085895-00086079": "said that i would be surprised if it", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00396-00086080-00086343": "drops much below 132", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00397-00086344-00086475": "as we head into", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00398-00086476-00086638": "2022", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00399-00086639-00086823": "so we've got the fed minutes on the 24th", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00400-00086824-00087126": "we've got uspc deflator on the 24th and", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00401-00087127-00087391": "we've got us third quarter gdp also on", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00402-00087392-00087575": "the 24th and we're expecting a modest", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00403-00087576-00087791": "upward revision to that headline number", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00404-00087792-00088047": "to 2.2", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00405-00088048-00088311": "we've also got flash pmis", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00406-00088312-00088511": "they're likely to be modestly weaker for", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00407-00088512-00088847": "november from the uk germany and france", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00408-00088848-00089071": "and we've also got the german ifo", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00409-00089072-00089255": "business climate survey", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00410-00089256-00089494": "given the recent", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00411-00089495-00089638": "commentary about", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00412-00089639-00089894": "lockdowns supply chain disruptions and", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00413-00089895-00090118": "what have you i would be very surprised", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00414-00090119-00090326": "if we don't see further weakness", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00415-00090327-00090599": "in all of those flash pmis", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00416-00090600-00090823": "and more particular i think the german", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00417-00090824-00091167": "ifo business survey for november as well", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00418-00091168-00091367": "higher hospitalization rates localized", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00419-00091368-00091494": "restrictions", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00420-00091495-00091855": "rising factory gate prices german ppi", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00421-00091856-00092143": "um it fought for the latest german ppi", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00422-00092144-00092447": "numbers 18.2", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00423-00092448-00092791": "year-on-year that is a record high i", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00424-00092792-00093055": "think about that 18.2", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00425-00093056-00093382": "i mean that is really a difficult number", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00426-00093383-00093543": "to absorb", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00427-00093544-00093806": "if you're a german business particularly", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00428-00093807-00093974": "a german business who's operating in the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00429-00093975-00094135": "middle school", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00430-00094136-00094415": "you know how do you pass those increases", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00431-00094416-00094526": "on", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00432-00094527-00094855": "in terms of if you absorb them in which", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00433-00094856-00095079": "case german equities could be starting", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00434-00095080-00095262": "to look a little bit frothy or do you", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00435-00095263-00095447": "pass them on to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00436-00095448-00095647": "the customer", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00437-00095648-00095950": "um in terms of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00438-00095951-00096150": "companies that are reporting", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00439-00096151-00096431": "next week um pretty thin on the ground", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00440-00096432-00096726": "owning season is sort of winding down", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00441-00096727-00096887": "and there's been there's a number out", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00442-00096888-00097047": "there that might be worth keeping an eye", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00443-00097048-00097382": "on zoom video communications given the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00444-00097383-00097567": "lock down headlines", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00445-00097568-00097806": "and the fact that zoom is very much", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00446-00097807-00098038": "underperformed so far this year", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00447-00098039-00098231": "and come well off its highs from last", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00448-00098232-00098503": "year maybe that's due a bit of a rebound", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00449-00098504-00098799": "um if new lockdowns are coming", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00450-00098800-00099055": "um certainly was a big winner in 2020", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00451-00099056-00099174": "less so", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00452-00099175-00099335": "um this year", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00453-00099336-00099550": "so the big question i think is", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00454-00099551-00099791": "how how are revenues doing well they're", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00455-00099792-00099982": "continuing to improve", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00456-00099983-00100215": "um company expects to see full year", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00457-00100216-00100382": "revenues of around about four billion", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00458-00100383-00100574": "dollars which is a significant", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00459-00100575-00100767": "improvement on expectations at the start", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00460-00100768-00101038": "of the year and yet the shares are still", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00461-00101039-00101238": "lower and i think it really comes down", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00462-00101239-00101318": "to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00463-00101319-00101471": "um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00464-00101472-00101718": "revenues relative to overall valuation", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00465-00101719-00101903": "and the valuation is still", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00466-00101904-00102111": "pretty high even with the fact that", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00467-00102112-00102463": "revenues are an awful lot higher so um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00468-00102464-00102758": "this valuation is 75 billion dollars", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00469-00102759-00102982": "just in case you were wondering so four", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00470-00102983-00103182": "billion dollar turnover it's not too", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00471-00103183-00103502": "shabby um and probably more in keeping", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00472-00103503-00103654": "more realistic than it was say for", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00473-00103655-00103902": "example um 12 months ago so i'll be", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00474-00103903-00104110": "keeping an eye out for that that's due", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00475-00104111-00104294": "on the 22nd", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00476-00104295-00104518": "we've also got best buy well from the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00477-00104519-00104686": "numbers that we've seen from walmart", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00478-00104688-00104919": "target", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00479-00104920-00105071": "and home depot over the course of the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00480-00105072-00105278": "past week those numbers have been fairly", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00481-00105279-00105415": "positive", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00482-00105416-00105583": "and certainly if we look at", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00483-00105583-00105766": "best buy's share price over the course", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00484-00105767-00106102": "of the past decade or so it's", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00485-00106103-00106334": "been pretty decent but", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00486-00106335-00106647": "as with target as with walmart there are", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00487-00106648-00106958": "concerns about rising costs and supply", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00488-00106959-00107215": "chain disruptions and if we look at best", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00489-00107216-00107390": "buy share price we have seen a bit of a", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00490-00107391-00107639": "bearish reversal here we haven't quite", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00491-00107640-00107886": "taken out these peaks through here", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00492-00107888-00107975": "and", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00493-00107976-00108254": "rising costs as a result taking on extra", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00494-00108255-00108454": "staff and what have you the rise has", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00495-00108455-00108686": "been pretty parabolic um since the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00496-00108688-00108934": "beginning of october maybe it's time for", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00497-00108935-00109151": "a little bit of a pullback given the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00498-00109152-00109302": "fact that it's so far away from its", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00499-00109303-00109607": "200-day moving average um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00500-00109608-00109895": "and um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00501-00109896-00110175": "yes so those those those q3 numbers are", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00502-00110176-00110510": "out on the 23rd certainly they've been", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00503-00110511-00110783": "doing very well online q1 revenues were", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00504-00110783-00110931": "very very positive", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00505-00110932-00111334": "11.64 billion dollars q2 was 11.85", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00506-00111335-00111583": "billion dollars and the company expects", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00507-00111583-00111671": "to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00508-00111672-00112102": "um return 11.5 billion dollars in q3 so", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00509-00112103-00112295": "keep an eye out for", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00510-00112296-00112454": "best buy", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00511-00112455-00112639": "also got johnson matthew which issued a", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00512-00112640-00113007": "profits warning earlier this month", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00513-00113008-00113295": "um and we can see that in the in the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00514-00113296-00113590": "share price movement on that particular", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00515-00113591-00113727": "um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00516-00113728-00113871": "on that particular chart there let me", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00517-00113872-00114039": "just make the font bigger", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00518-00114040-00114295": "so we can actually actually see it here", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00519-00114296-00114558": "let me just get rid of the floating", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00520-00114559-00114878": "noting value box don't want that", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00521-00114879-00115086": "now you may have noticed there ladies", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00522-00115088-00115334": "and gentlemen that um we now have a", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00523-00115335-00115510": "volume for shares", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00524-00115511-00115663": "so if you want to display volume for", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00525-00115664-00115758": "shares", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00526-00115759-00115919": "um", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00527-00115920-00116095": "underneath the chart you can do that", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00528-00116096-00116351": "from the settings menu right here just", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00529-00116352-00116527": "selected the volume option it's right", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00530-00116528-00116678": "there and as you can see that dropped", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00531-00116679-00117078": "down there and saw a significant", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00532-00117079-00117390": "sell-off back towards the lows of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00533-00117391-00117551": "earlier", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00534-00117552-00117743": "of a year ago around about 30th of", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00535-00117744-00117983": "november so johnson matthews share price", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00536-00117983-00118175": "half first half numbers", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00537-00118176-00118327": "said they were going to be exiting the", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00538-00118328-00118534": "battery materials business", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00539-00118535-00118695": "net assets of the business are around", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00540-00118696-00118975": "about 340 million dollars and it seems a", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00541-00118976-00119110": "shame that they're exiting the batteries", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00542-00119111-00119271": "business just the time that electric", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00543-00119272-00119415": "vehicles are starting to take off but", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00544-00119416-00119566": "there you go apparently the margins are", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00545-00119567-00119686": "too thin", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00546-00119688-00119847": "so they're looking to", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00547-00119848-00120015": "offload it", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00548-00120016-00120143": "so that's uh", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00549-00120144-00120447": "that's um that's johnson methi for you", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00550-00120448-00120831": "and um that's pretty much it for", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00551-00120832-00120951": "this week's", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00552-00120952-00121190": "weekly market update once again thank", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00553-00121191-00121351": "you very much for listening hope you all", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00554-00121352-00121431": "have", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00555-00121432-00121663": "a great weekend and i will speak to you", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00556-00121664-00121966": "all same time same place next week thank", "0eH4HI9Sj34-00557-00121967-00122355": "you very much for listening"}}, {"audio_id": "0eXLgqvqKP8", "text": {"0eXLgqvqKP8-00000-00000043-00000935": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00001-00000936-00001143": "talk with people in many chat please", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00002-00001144-00001527": "subscribe for more", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00003-00001528-00001710": "hey what's up hello", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00004-00001711-00001805": "hi", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00005-00001807-00002302": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00006-00002303-00002471": "hey what's up hello", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00007-00002472-00002528": "hi", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00008-00002529-00002647": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00009-00002648-00002879": "what's going", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00010-00002880-00003150": "it's okay how are you", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00011-00003151-00003279": "all right", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00012-00003279-00003559": "you look awesome by the way", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00013-00003560-00003679": "thank you", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00014-00003679-00003967": "uh i wanna ask you something okay", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00015-00003968-00004238": "if you don't mind", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00016-00004239-00004535": "what it is can you say something in my", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00017-00004536-00004879": "language i will teach you", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00018-00004880-00006290": "all right what is", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00019-00006291-00006998": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00020-00007000-00007119": "hey", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00021-00007120-00007302": "german hey what's up", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00022-00007303-00007414": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00023-00007415-00007598": "can you speak german", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00024-00007600-00008031": "i have no idea i can can i tell can i", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00025-00008031-00008351": "learn use some drama words", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00026-00008352-00008646": "i can't understand what do you say", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00027-00008647-00008823": "just repeat me", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00028-00008824-00008991": "what", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00029-00008992-00009123": "okay say ish", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00030-00009124-00009351": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00031-00009352-00009606": "that's good thing or bad", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00032-00009607-00009695": "good", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00033-00009696-00009799": "okay", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00034-00009800-00009868": "say", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00035-00009869-00010412": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00036-00010413-00010969": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00037-00010970-00011283": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00038-00011284-00011471": "is", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00039-00011472-00011599": "wow", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00040-00011600-00011823": "i also really like you", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00041-00011824-00012142": "the white one okay", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00042-00012143-00012551": "in german what do you say i love you", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00043-00012552-00013876": "how do you say it", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00044-00013877-00014927": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00045-00014928-00015191": "have you have your paper and a pen or", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00046-00015191-00015447": "something here by you", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00047-00015447-00015519": "no", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00048-00015519-00015819": "but can you show me your face", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00049-00015821-00016286": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00050-00016287-00016743": "but just please repeat my words now", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00051-00016744-00017015": "it's a really good thing do you have a", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00052-00017016-00017311": "girlfriend or something or something no", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00053-00017312-00017639": "my dear i don't have a girlfriend", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00054-00017640-00018111": "hey what's up", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00055-00018112-00018961": "today", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00056-00018962-00019550": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00057-00019551-00019991": "hello", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00058-00019992-00020758": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00059-00020759-00020975": "can you say something in my language i", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00060-00020976-00021490": "will tell you", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00061-00021491-00021686": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00062-00021687-00021829": "hey what's up", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00063-00021830-00022127": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00064-00022128-00022280": "how are you", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00065-00022281-00022630": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00066-00022631-00023167": "where are you from", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00067-00023168-00023367": "you i can't", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00068-00023368-00023686": "i can't hear your voice i can't hear", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00069-00023687-00024942": "from what america did", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00070-00024943-00025071": "and", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00071-00025072-00025455": "look in front of your camera", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00072-00025456-00025655": "show me your place correctly", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00073-00025656-00026111": "hey you are not from us", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00074-00026112-00026374": "where do you think i'm from", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00075-00026375-00028087": "you're from the head and run from in", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00076-00028088-00028639": "i don't know turkish okay", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00077-00028639-00028814": "can you speak english", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00078-00028816-00029033": "can you speak", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00079-00029035-00030246": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00080-00030247-00030511": "by the way you look awesome", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00081-00030512-00030735": "thank you i'm the devil can you say", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00082-00030736-00030855": "something", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00083-00030856-00031039": "to me in my language", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00084-00031039-00031327": "i will teach you", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00085-00031327-00033631": "okay", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00086-00033632-00034143": "where are you from", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00087-00034144-00034359": "and", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00088-00034360-00035127": "it's english", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00089-00035128-00035327": "uh tell me", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00090-00035328-00035502": "what do you say i love you in your", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00091-00035503-00035879": "language", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00092-00035880-00036159": "i'm just known", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00093-00036160-00036479": "okay okay just uh", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00094-00036480-00036639": "love you goodbye", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00095-00036640-00037079": "button", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00096-00037080-00037302": "what's up bro", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00097-00037303-00042062": "what's up", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00098-00042063-00042790": "hey what's up", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00099-00042791-00042862": "i", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00100-00042863-00043367": "i understand your language indian case", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00101-00043368-00043658": "how do you know", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00102-00043659-00044790": "[Music]", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00103-00044791-00045855": "i", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00104-00045856-00046095": "hi how are you", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00105-00046096-00046783": "hi i'm", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00106-00046784-00047039": "my leg is broken", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00107-00047040-00047223": "in my heart because", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00108-00047224-00047455": "he broke my heart", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00109-00047456-00047607": "why", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00110-00047608-00048758": "you know", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00111-00048759-00049486": "show me your face", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00112-00049487-00049727": "i'm your bro", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00113-00049728-00049879": "yeah", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00114-00049880-00049974": "yeah", "0eXLgqvqKP8-00115-00049975-00050208": "i"}}, {"audio_id": "0eZ3ortf_c4", "text": {"0eZ3ortf_c4-00000-00001367-00002075": "let me go there's", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00001-00002076-00002431": "[Music]", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00002-00002432-00002831": "set me free let me fly let me find new", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00003-00002832-00003003": "kinds of highs", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00004-00003004-00005302": "[Music]", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00005-00005303-00005463": "let me go", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00006-00005464-00005958": "on a new adventure", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00007-00005959-00007551": "[Music]", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00008-00007552-00007879": "a new adventure", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00009-00007880-00009124": "[Music]", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00010-00009125-00011033": "[Music]", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00011-00011034-00011927": "[Music]", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00012-00011928-00012871": "[Music]", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00013-00012872-00013847": "is", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00014-00013849-00014577": "[Music]", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00015-00014578-00016871": "[Music]", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00016-00016872-00017186": "i don't think", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00017-00017187-00017999": "[Music]", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00018-00018000-00018248": "of", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00019-00018249-00018303": "[Music]", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00020-00018304-00020311": "new you", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00021-00020312-00020471": "[Music]", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00022-00020472-00020635": "adventure", "0eZ3ortf_c4-00023-00020636-00020942": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0f9mcrzHYWo", "text": {"0f9mcrzHYWo-00000-00000003-00000193": "harmonica I make him of the love from", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00001-00000194-00000359": "know dem coolest Castle Bangladesh", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00002-00000360-00000542": "people stadium of the mayor or their to", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00003-00000543-00000728": "quiz for eternal of water whether quiz", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00004-00000729-00000908": "there shorty put to death or they're all", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00005-00000909-00000950": "Ram", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00006-00000951-00001091": "I'm putting shoot over way belladonna", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00007-00001092-00001408": "I'm going queasy uncertainty Ivana me VJ", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00008-00001409-00001659": "away a scam with a glass cutter slump", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00009-00001660-00001895": "heroin a hollow plastic and I'm gonna", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00010-00001896-00002072": "intention when it pulls forward credit I", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00011-00002073-00002251": "hear what am I taking the boy you were", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00012-00002252-00002524": "there share to hollow mad genius", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00013-00002525-00002864": "eg politics and networks and spoken", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00014-00002865-00003158": "English lambda1 actual care for him my", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00015-00003159-00003329": "watch attachment of study after", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00016-00003329-00003506": "optimization one who's never taken a", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00017-00003507-00003710": "course whatever another English the", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00018-00003711-00003904": "skill with dig over everywhere forwards", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00019-00003905-00004103": "with the divination full of anger thank", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00020-00004104-00004141": "you", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00021-00004142-00005673": "[Music]", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00022-00005674-00005714": "[Applause]", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00023-00005715-00005814": "[Music]", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00024-00005815-00005956": "[Applause]", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00025-00005957-00006005": "[Music]", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00026-00006006-00006168": "[Applause]", "0f9mcrzHYWo-00027-00006169-00007054": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0fsmyNNswrg", "text": {"0fsmyNNswrg-00000-00000000-00000323": "a plank particle named after physicist", "0fsmyNNswrg-00001-00000324-00000518": "Max Planck is a hypothetical particle", "0fsmyNNswrg-00002-00000519-00000728": "defined as a tiny black hole whose", "0fsmyNNswrg-00003-00000729-00000902": "Compton wavelength is equal to its", "0fsmyNNswrg-00004-00000902-00001183": "Schwarzschild radius its mass is thus", "0fsmyNNswrg-00005-00001184-00001397": "approximately the Planck mass and its", "0fsmyNNswrg-00006-00001398-00001577": "Compton wavelength and Schwarzschild", "0fsmyNNswrg-00007-00001578-00001741": "radius are about the Planck length", "0fsmyNNswrg-00008-00001742-00002009": "Planck particles are sometimes used as", "0fsmyNNswrg-00009-00002010-00002234": "an exercise to define the Planck mass in", "0fsmyNNswrg-00010-00002235-00002480": "Planck length they play a role in some", "0fsmyNNswrg-00011-00002481-00002630": "models of the evolution of the universe", "0fsmyNNswrg-00012-00002631-00002851": "during the Planck epoch compared to a", "0fsmyNNswrg-00013-00002852-00003098": "proton for example the planck particle", "0fsmyNNswrg-00014-00003099-00003293": "would be extremely small its radius", "0fsmyNNswrg-00015-00003294-00003470": "being equal to the Planck length which", "0fsmyNNswrg-00016-00003471-00003715": "is about 10 minus 20 times the protons", "0fsmyNNswrg-00017-00003717-00003944": "radius and massive the Planck mass being", "0fsmyNNswrg-00018-00003945-00004286": "1019 times the protons mass the planck", "0fsmyNNswrg-00019-00004287-00004475": "particle would also have a very fleeting", "0fsmyNNswrg-00020-00004476-00004700": "existence evaporating due to Hawking", "0fsmyNNswrg-00021-00004701-00004985": "radiation after approximately 5 times 10", "0fsmyNNswrg-00022-00004986-00005647": "minus 39 seconds", "0fsmyNNswrg-00023-00005648-00006179": "topic derivation", "0fsmyNNswrg-00024-00006180-00006422": "while opinions vary as to its proper", "0fsmyNNswrg-00025-00006423-00006639": "definition the most common definition of", "0fsmyNNswrg-00026-00006640-00006821": "a planked particle as a particle whose", "0fsmyNNswrg-00027-00006822-00007002": "Compton wavelength is equal to its", "0fsmyNNswrg-00028-00007003-00007251": "Schwarzschild radius this sets the", "0fsmyNNswrg-00029-00007252-00008177": "relationship lambda equals H M C equals", "0fsmyNNswrg-00030-00008178-00009105": "to G M C to display style lambda equals", "0fsmyNNswrg-00031-00009106-00009576": "frac H mech equals frac to giga meters C", "0fsmyNNswrg-00032-00009577-00009891": "carrot 2 thus making the mass of such a", "0fsmyNNswrg-00033-00009892-00010944": "particle M equals H C to G display style", "0fsmyNNswrg-00034-00010945-00011526": "M equals s QR t frac H C to G this mass", "0fsmyNNswrg-00035-00011527-00012055": "will be high display style s QR t pi", "0fsmyNNswrg-00036-00012056-00012338": "times larger than the Planck mass making", "0fsmyNNswrg-00037-00012339-00012563": "a plank particle 1.77", "0fsmyNNswrg-00038-00012564-00012738": "2 times more massive than the planck", "0fsmyNNswrg-00039-00012739-00012968": "unit mass", "0fsmyNNswrg-00040-00012969-00013141": "it's radius will be the Compton", "0fsmyNNswrg-00041-00013143-00014575": "wavelength R equals H M C equals to G H", "0fsmyNNswrg-00042-00014576-00015122": "c3 display style R equals frac H mech", "0fsmyNNswrg-00043-00015122-00015707": "equals s QR t frac to GHC carrot 3 the", "0fsmyNNswrg-00044-00015708-00016321": "Planck length P is defined as P equals R", "0fsmyNNswrg-00045-00016322-00017330": "2 pi equals gc3 this play style l", "0fsmyNNswrg-00046-00017331-00017729": "underscore mathram P equals frac R to s", "0fsmyNNswrg-00047-00017730-00018317": "QR t pi equals s QR t frac h VAR g c", "0fsmyNNswrg-00048-00018318-00018808": "carrot 3", "0fsmyNNswrg-00049-00018809-00019309": "topic dimensions", "0fsmyNNswrg-00050-00019310-00019559": "using the above derivations we can", "0fsmyNNswrg-00051-00019560-00019811": "substitute the universal constants Hg", "0fsmyNNswrg-00052-00019812-00020072": "and C and determine physical values for", "0fsmyNNswrg-00053-00020073-00020354": "the particles mass and radius assuming", "0fsmyNNswrg-00054-00020355-00020540": "this radius represents a sphere of", "0fsmyNNswrg-00055-00020541-00020762": "uniform density we can further determine", "0fsmyNNswrg-00056-00020763-00021440": "the particles volume and density", "0fsmyNNswrg-00057-00021441-00021969": "topic see also", "0fsmyNNswrg-00058-00021970-00022478": "micro black hole Planck units Max Planck", "0fsmyNNswrg-00059-00022479-00022833": "black hole electron"}}, {"audio_id": "0fEShkt39kQ", "text": {"0fEShkt39kQ-00000-00000058-00000802": "okay so today we have ian is here from", "0fEShkt39kQ-00001-00000802-00001028": "the south of the border not even from", "0fEShkt39kQ-00002-00001029-00001291": "America Virginia Beach I have to turn on", "0fEShkt39kQ-00003-00001292-00001520": "the mic to turn the switch okay", "0fEShkt39kQ-00004-00001521-00001979": "Virginia Beach AUSA tell us about", "0fEShkt39kQ-00005-00001980-00002275": "yourself tell us about you no need to", "0fEShkt39kQ-00006-00002276-00002441": "know but you you don't have to give up", "0fEShkt39kQ-00007-00002442-00002606": "personal information what we want to", "0fEShkt39kQ-00008-00002607-00003058": "know is before the practice before this", "0fEShkt39kQ-00009-00003059-00003527": "course and after this course what has", "0fEShkt39kQ-00010-00003528-00003940": "changed", "0fEShkt39kQ-00011-00003942-00004434": "before I want to say III knew I knew", "0fEShkt39kQ-00012-00004435-00004764": "these things but it was it was only it", "0fEShkt39kQ-00013-00004765-00004953": "was only an intellect I was telling my", "0fEShkt39kQ-00014-00004954-00005130": "friends like oh you know you're", "0fEShkt39kQ-00015-00005131-00005292": "suffering this is why you're suffering", "0fEShkt39kQ-00016-00005293-00005709": "why we all suffer but after spending the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00017-00005710-00006102": "time here and done step by step the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00018-00006103-00006450": "moment by moment you you you you get you", "0fEShkt39kQ-00019-00006451-00007002": "begin to know exactly why it is it's", "0fEShkt39kQ-00020-00007003-00007211": "something that you can only know dude", "0fEShkt39kQ-00021-00007212-00007733": "direct experiences words can't really", "0fEShkt39kQ-00022-00007734-00008435": "explain language is insufficient", "0fEShkt39kQ-00023-00008436-00009974": "[Music]", "0fEShkt39kQ-00024-00009975-00010910": "like I can handle a lot more strong you", "0fEShkt39kQ-00025-00010911-00011258": "also see one of the common things I'm", "0fEShkt39kQ-00026-00011259-00011363": "not trying to put words in your mouth", "0fEShkt39kQ-00027-00011364-00011780": "but just to ask about it it's also", "0fEShkt39kQ-00028-00011781-00012062": "common to have a better picture of what", "0fEShkt39kQ-00029-00012063-00012362": "you have yes yet to the work you have", "0fEShkt39kQ-00030-00012363-00012463": "yet to do", "0fEShkt39kQ-00031-00012464-00012896": "definitely it's been said before but the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00032-00012897-00013088": "iceberg you know what I mean", "0fEShkt39kQ-00033-00013088-00013361": "when I thought I had to do is just the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00034-00013362-00013741": "tip and there's a lot more I see more", "0fEShkt39kQ-00035-00013743-00014104": "work to be done you know today I was", "0fEShkt39kQ-00036-00014105-00014341": "getting my ticket and I was you know", "0fEShkt39kQ-00037-00014343-00014654": "having to give my password and I was", "0fEShkt39kQ-00038-00014655-00014791": "getting frustrated with that oh like oh", "0fEShkt39kQ-00039-00014793-00015536": "my goodness it's still here um still", "0fEShkt39kQ-00040-00015537-00015832": "things that need to be uprooted and", "0fEShkt39kQ-00041-00015833-00016272": "understood", "0fEShkt39kQ-00042-00016272-00016622": "okay thank you and the insects they'd", "0fEShkt39kQ-00043-00016623-00018157": "already gonna do the second course No", "0fEShkt39kQ-00044-00018158-00018483": "you know yeah", "0fEShkt39kQ-00045-00018484-00019469": "expert camera skills", "0fEShkt39kQ-00046-00019470-00020200": "all right", "0fEShkt39kQ-00047-00020201-00020614": "and sticking around already asking about", "0fEShkt39kQ-00048-00020615-00020803": "the instructor course so we may actually", "0fEShkt39kQ-00049-00020804-00021277": "have a candidate first candidate here in", "0fEShkt39kQ-00050-00021278-00021486": "Canada I haven't taught an instructor", "0fEShkt39kQ-00051-00021487-00021936": "course of meditation in a long time the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00052-00021937-00022180": "idea of being an instructor is well", "0fEShkt39kQ-00053-00022181-00022336": "don't talk about that some other time", "0fEShkt39kQ-00054-00022337-00022636": "and it's not like you suddenly become a", "0fEShkt39kQ-00055-00022637-00022936": "teacher but you learn the technical", "0fEShkt39kQ-00056-00022937-00023308": "skills necessary to lead someone through", "0fEShkt39kQ-00057-00023309-00023697": "basic practice anyway tonight I wanted", "0fEShkt39kQ-00058-00023698-00024105": "to talk about about this the benefits of", "0fEShkt39kQ-00059-00024106-00024405": "the practice more specifically why we", "0fEShkt39kQ-00060-00024406-00025033": "practice and it's a bit of a trick", "0fEShkt39kQ-00061-00025034-00025253": "question actually I'm not actually I", "0fEShkt39kQ-00062-00025254-00025564": "want to distinguish between benefits and", "0fEShkt39kQ-00063-00025565-00026103": "reasons maybe not even reasons it's not", "0fEShkt39kQ-00064-00026104-00026218": "quite the right word", "0fEShkt39kQ-00065-00026219-00026690": "and because we have this problem", "0fEShkt39kQ-00066-00026691-00027067": "Buddhism is about freeing our self from", "0fEShkt39kQ-00067-00027068-00027799": "desire and yet isn't that a desire right", "0fEShkt39kQ-00068-00027800-00028012": "I mean it to some extent it's the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00069-00028013-00028293": "problem with semantics but to some", "0fEShkt39kQ-00070-00028294-00028539": "extent it's it's really not it really is", "0fEShkt39kQ-00071-00028541-00028983": "an apt question isn't the desire to be", "0fEShkt39kQ-00072-00028984-00029248": "free from desire also a desire I would", "0fEShkt39kQ-00073-00029249-00029539": "say yes it is and therefore it's", "0fEShkt39kQ-00074-00029539-00029937": "problematic right so we have this", "0fEShkt39kQ-00075-00029938-00030355": "dilemma then we can talk about the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00076-00030356-00030633": "benefits of the practice there's lots of", "0fEShkt39kQ-00077-00030634-00030895": "them and they're great they're great for", "0fEShkt39kQ-00078-00030895-00031221": "encouraging meditators that's what", "0fEShkt39kQ-00079-00031222-00031395": "they're good for", "0fEShkt39kQ-00080-00031395-00031671": "so we have the five reasons why the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00081-00031672-00031965": "Buddha taught sati putana what he said", "0fEShkt39kQ-00082-00031966-00032125": "what does sati putana what does the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00083-00032126-00032352": "practice of sati of mindfulness what", "0fEShkt39kQ-00084-00032353-00032790": "does it mean to the in steer leads to", "0fEShkt39kQ-00085-00032791-00033162": "purity your mind becomes more pure satin", "0fEShkt39kQ-00086-00033163-00033339": "on whistle dear miss oh dear", "0fEShkt39kQ-00087-00033340-00033733": "it's certain language India", "0fEShkt39kQ-00088-00033734-00034321": "it allows you to go beyond mental", "0fEShkt39kQ-00089-00034322-00034679": "illness sorrow lamentation despair", "0fEShkt39kQ-00090-00034680-00035218": "depression anxiety all these problems", "0fEShkt39kQ-00091-00035219-00035671": "that we have it helps you overcome", "0fEShkt39kQ-00092-00035672-00036008": "suffering physical suffering and mental", "0fEShkt39kQ-00093-00036009-00036337": "suffering and it leads you to the right", "0fEShkt39kQ-00094-00036338-00036515": "path that leads you to the goal to", "0fEShkt39kQ-00095-00036516-00037049": "freedom to Nibbana so we have all of", "0fEShkt39kQ-00096-00037050-00037232": "these these are great reasons to", "0fEShkt39kQ-00097-00037233-00037414": "practice who wouldn't want to pure mind", "0fEShkt39kQ-00098-00037415-00037586": "right who wouldn't want to be able to", "0fEShkt39kQ-00099-00037587-00037745": "say that their mind is pure you don't", "0fEShkt39kQ-00100-00037746-00037979": "hear people saying oh I'm so glad I'm", "0fEShkt39kQ-00101-00037980-00038312": "such a corrupt individual I don't know", "0fEShkt39kQ-00102-00038313-00038585": "maybe such people and do exist I don't", "0fEShkt39kQ-00103-00038586-00038860": "meet such people I'm blessed to meet", "0fEShkt39kQ-00104-00038861-00039040": "mostly people who are very much", "0fEShkt39kQ-00105-00039041-00039574": "interested in the pure mind and so on", "0fEShkt39kQ-00106-00039575-00039846": "being free from suffering sounds great", "0fEShkt39kQ-00107-00039847-00040102": "but the problem is when you when you", "0fEShkt39kQ-00108-00040103-00040295": "cling to it when you when you even", "0fEShkt39kQ-00109-00040296-00040724": "strive for it you get stuck because", "0fEShkt39kQ-00110-00040725-00040883": "you're clinging and clinging is the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00111-00040884-00041077": "cause of suffering you're craving", "0fEShkt39kQ-00112-00041078-00041646": "craving is the cause of suffering a", "0fEShkt39kQ-00113-00041647-00041890": "gentle always talks about four benefits", "0fEShkt39kQ-00114-00041891-00042112": "these are good for things to tell those", "0fEShkt39kQ-00115-00042113-00042268": "of you who have finished the course so", "0fEShkt39kQ-00116-00042269-00042577": "listen up Ian this is for you there are", "0fEShkt39kQ-00117-00042578-00042701": "four things that you get from the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00118-00042702-00042932": "practice from doing let's say the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00119-00042933-00043124": "foundation course or a foundation course", "0fEShkt39kQ-00120-00043125-00043495": "in Insight Meditation the first is", "0fEShkt39kQ-00121-00043496-00043608": "mindfulness", "0fEShkt39kQ-00122-00043609-00043874": "the mindfulness is actually a goal it's", "0fEShkt39kQ-00123-00043875-00044146": "a great wonderful outcome this is what I", "0fEShkt39kQ-00124-00044147-00044399": "meant by invincible no you're not", "0fEShkt39kQ-00125-00044400-00044798": "invincible but when you're mindful that", "0fEShkt39kQ-00126-00044799-00045037": "mind state is an invincible mind state", "0fEShkt39kQ-00127-00045038-00045546": "so it's a incredibly powerful tool", "0fEShkt39kQ-00128-00045547-00045779": "because suddenly there's no you there's", "0fEShkt39kQ-00129-00045780-00046168": "no there's nothing to be hurt you know", "0fEShkt39kQ-00130-00046169-00046626": "there's no problem", "0fEShkt39kQ-00131-00046627-00046816": "problems disappear", "0fEShkt39kQ-00132-00046817-00046969": "there's only events there's only", "0fEShkt39kQ-00133-00046970-00047832": "experiences", "0fEShkt39kQ-00134-00047833-00048024": "you know if I were giving a talk in real", "0fEShkt39kQ-00135-00048025-00048204": "life we wouldn't we wouldn't allow for", "0fEShkt39kQ-00136-00048205-00048618": "all this chatter mr. Lincoln in Sri", "0fEShkt39kQ-00137-00048619-00048833": "Lanka they really involve out asking", "0fEShkt39kQ-00138-00048834-00049199": "questions during the dumb the talk but", "0fEShkt39kQ-00139-00049200-00049374": "save the chatter for after please I", "0fEShkt39kQ-00140-00049375-00049496": "don't mind that it's got to be", "0fEShkt39kQ-00141-00049497-00049685": "distracting for the audience", "0fEShkt39kQ-00142-00049686-00050093": "sorry on Second Life there chattering", "0fEShkt39kQ-00143-00050094-00050405": "it's all wholesome but let's save the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00144-00050406-00050602": "talk for afterwards there's a time", "0fEShkt39kQ-00145-00050603-00050843": "Gallina dumbest I went on there's a time", "0fEShkt39kQ-00146-00050844-00050999": "to listen to the Dhamma", "0fEShkt39kQ-00147-00051000-00051251": "Carlina Dhamma Sangha there's a time to", "0fEShkt39kQ-00148-00051252-00051594": "talk about discuss to them this question", "0fEShkt39kQ-00149-00051595-00052684": "after", "0fEShkt39kQ-00150-00052685-00052968": "so sati mindfulness is the first benefit", "0fEShkt39kQ-00151-00052969-00053137": "it's actually a benefit of the practice", "0fEShkt39kQ-00152-00053138-00053444": "why because you have this wonderful tool", "0fEShkt39kQ-00153-00053445-00053847": "you can practice it throughout your life", "0fEShkt39kQ-00154-00053848-00054129": "any problems that come up you can find", "0fEShkt39kQ-00155-00054130-00054788": "challenges conflicts anything work study", "0fEShkt39kQ-00156-00054789-00055176": "relationships physical suffering mental", "0fEShkt39kQ-00157-00055177-00055741": "suffering loss mindfulness is this", "0fEShkt39kQ-00158-00055741-00055978": "wonderful tool that you get walking down", "0fEShkt39kQ-00159-00055979-00056106": "the street what do you do walking", "0fEShkt39kQ-00160-00056107-00056274": "walking it was tool that's applicable", "0fEShkt39kQ-00161-00056275-00056461": "everywhere brushing your teeth is", "0fEShkt39kQ-00162-00056462-00057156": "brushing brushing the second one and", "0fEShkt39kQ-00163-00057157-00057579": "sort of a corollary is happiness there's", "0fEShkt39kQ-00164-00057580-00057754": "a result of being mindful you find", "0fEShkt39kQ-00165-00057754-00057949": "happiness a gentle talks about this is", "0fEShkt39kQ-00166-00057950-00058285": "heaven going to heaven but that's just", "0fEShkt39kQ-00167-00058286-00058459": "the that's just one form of happiness", "0fEShkt39kQ-00168-00058460-00058728": "heaven is of course a great happiness", "0fEShkt39kQ-00169-00058729-00059088": "but it's more general than that there's", "0fEShkt39kQ-00170-00059089-00059292": "so many happiness's that come from from", "0fEShkt39kQ-00171-00059293-00059562": "letting go from being free from seeing", "0fEShkt39kQ-00172-00059563-00060252": "clearly from the pure mind", "0fEShkt39kQ-00173-00060253-00060924": "the third is is say company SIA which", "0fEShkt39kQ-00174-00060925-00061509": "means you plant a seed openly say as it", "0fEShkt39kQ-00175-00061510-00061773": "means different things entirely in", "0fEShkt39kQ-00176-00061774-00062082": "Thailand Thai they they talk about it as", "0fEShkt39kQ-00177-00062083-00062415": "being what you bring into your into your", "0fEShkt39kQ-00178-00062416-00062852": "next life what you carry on with you", "0fEShkt39kQ-00179-00062853-00063462": "so I describe this as a start the third", "0fEShkt39kQ-00180-00063463-00063830": "benefit is you get a start on the path", "0fEShkt39kQ-00181-00063832-00064023": "you're no longer beginner meditator", "0fEShkt39kQ-00182-00064024-00064308": "you're no longer a neophyte you're no", "0fEShkt39kQ-00183-00064309-00064770": "longer a you're no longer a Luddite it's", "0fEShkt39kQ-00184-00064771-00065279": "a muggle isn't this word bungle bungle I", "0fEShkt39kQ-00185-00065279-00065480": "haven't told others this the Harry", "0fEShkt39kQ-00186-00065482-00065754": "Potter is this big thing right and what", "0fEShkt39kQ-00187-00065755-00066111": "is it bungle as that the word the muggle", "0fEShkt39kQ-00188-00066112-00066561": "is the right word isn't it okay muggles", "0fEShkt39kQ-00189-00066562-00066750": "are I'm told they're non-magic folk", "0fEShkt39kQ-00190-00066751-00067233": "that's and then there's whatever the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00191-00067234-00067590": "opposite of muggles I don't know you're", "0fEShkt39kQ-00192-00067591-00067779": "no longer one of those you're no longer", "0fEShkt39kQ-00193-00067780-00068229": "in the out crowd it's not about", "0fEShkt39kQ-00194-00068230-00068415": "belonging to the crowd it's about having", "0fEShkt39kQ-00195-00068416-00068814": "something wonderful no you can go and", "0fEShkt39kQ-00196-00068815-00069258": "and practice on your own you can", "0fEShkt39kQ-00197-00069259-00069510": "continue on find other meditation groups", "0fEShkt39kQ-00198-00069511-00070116": "you are now a veteran I graduate you've", "0fEShkt39kQ-00199-00070117-00070452": "got to start and you take that with you", "0fEShkt39kQ-00200-00070453-00070731": "the point opening sight open Issa as you", "0fEShkt39kQ-00201-00070732-00070863": "take it with you into your next life", "0fEShkt39kQ-00202-00070864-00071091": "everything here you forget people places", "0fEShkt39kQ-00203-00071092-00071535": "it's fun but mindfulness is different it", "0fEShkt39kQ-00204-00071536-00071868": "changes changes in your core it changes", "0fEShkt39kQ-00205-00071869-00072426": "who you are in deep seeded change to the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00206-00072427-00073194": "two very basic habits of our being so it", "0fEShkt39kQ-00207-00073195-00073487": "changes the whole trajectory of our", "0fEShkt39kQ-00208-00073488-00073929": "journey and samsara and the fourth is a", "0fEShkt39kQ-00209-00073930-00074247": "finish you know it's possible through", "0fEShkt39kQ-00210-00074248-00074484": "the basic course that you become a", "0fEShkt39kQ-00211-00074485-00074690": "sotapanna this is always possible", "0fEShkt39kQ-00212-00074691-00075111": "possible that you for many years of", "0fEShkt39kQ-00213-00075112-00075396": "practice we've become a sotapanna Sakata", "0fEShkt39kQ-00214-00075397-00075549": "got me on the got me otto hunte it's all", "0fEShkt39kQ-00215-00075550-00075897": "there it's all possible it's just a", "0fEShkt39kQ-00216-00075898-00076326": "question of your effort and your merit", "0fEShkt39kQ-00217-00076327-00076566": "and perfections your goodness and your", "0fEShkt39kQ-00218-00076567-00076869": "perfections how much goodness you have", "0fEShkt39kQ-00219-00076870-00077391": "how much stored up purity you already", "0fEShkt39kQ-00220-00077392-00077993": "have just waiting to be used put to use", "0fEShkt39kQ-00221-00077994-00078327": "and actualized in the meditation", "0fEShkt39kQ-00222-00078328-00078759": "practice it can become enlightenment", "0fEShkt39kQ-00223-00078760-00079095": "through this practice so for very good", "0fEShkt39kQ-00224-00079096-00079482": "reasons to practice but again the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00225-00079483-00079653": "problem you know what if you sit there", "0fEShkt39kQ-00226-00079654-00079929": "saying am i so depending yet how do I", "0fEShkt39kQ-00227-00079930-00080100": "become so dependent when am I gonna", "0fEShkt39kQ-00228-00080101-00080445": "become so dependent I want so much to", "0fEShkt39kQ-00229-00080446-00080825": "become a so deployment that's very", "0fEShkt39kQ-00230-00080826-00081122": "that's a bad idea", "0fEShkt39kQ-00231-00081123-00081399": "as our meditators know when they get to", "0fEShkt39kQ-00232-00081400-00081708": "the end of the course we have to make", "0fEShkt39kQ-00233-00081709-00082083": "these resolves and Miami can be such a", "0fEShkt39kQ-00234-00082084-00082592": "the resolve the resolution can be such a", "0fEShkt39kQ-00235-00082593-00082887": "such a hindrance to the practice because", "0fEShkt39kQ-00236-00082888-00083082": "you're waiting for it to happen", "0fEShkt39kQ-00237-00083083-00083319": "expecting for something special to", "0fEShkt39kQ-00238-00083320-00084143": "happen one destroys your practice", "0fEShkt39kQ-00239-00084144-00084614": "and and so it's more than just a", "0fEShkt39kQ-00240-00084615-00084965": "quandary it speaks to the very nature of", "0fEShkt39kQ-00241-00084966-00085190": "samsara which is the Nate versus the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00242-00085191-00085463": "nature of Nirvana this is where this", "0fEShkt39kQ-00243-00085464-00085994": "problem comes from some sorrows cause", "0fEShkt39kQ-00244-00085995-00086396": "and effect everything every part of this", "0fEShkt39kQ-00245-00086397-00087067": "universe that we know it that we know is", "0fEShkt39kQ-00246-00087068-00087736": "conditionally formed some car some Kutta", "0fEShkt39kQ-00247-00087737-00087923": "everything that is conditioned", "0fEShkt39kQ-00248-00087924-00088355": "everything that is cause and effect is", "0fEShkt39kQ-00249-00088356-00088845": "samsara", "0fEShkt39kQ-00250-00088846-00089139": "Nevada is unconditioned you can't bring", "0fEShkt39kQ-00251-00089140-00089481": "about Nibbana you can't cause it they", "0fEShkt39kQ-00252-00089482-00089880": "evoke it cause it to arise it doesn't", "0fEShkt39kQ-00253-00089881-00090387": "arise there's no arising of Nevada it is", "0fEShkt39kQ-00254-00090388-00090648": "permanent the permanence may be the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00255-00090649-00091056": "wrong word but it is stable it is stable", "0fEShkt39kQ-00256-00091057-00091754": "and dissatisfying this eternal undying", "0fEShkt39kQ-00257-00091755-00092175": "I'm changing if it's unchanging how", "0fEShkt39kQ-00258-00092176-00092361": "could you cause it to come cause it to", "0fEShkt39kQ-00259-00092362-00093063": "arise so because Nevada is not cause and", "0fEShkt39kQ-00260-00093064-00093513": "effect the way we approach him then the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00261-00093514-00093822": "way we really approach that we even", "0fEShkt39kQ-00262-00093823-00094236": "gradually work to bring ourselves closer", "0fEShkt39kQ-00263-00094237-00094611": "into this to freedom has to be quite", "0fEShkt39kQ-00264-00094612-00094854": "different it can't because in effect you", "0fEShkt39kQ-00265-00094855-00095111": "can't be working towards some goal", "0fEShkt39kQ-00266-00095112-00095727": "working towards goals at samsara this is", "0fEShkt39kQ-00267-00095728-00095904": "why this emphasis on the present moment", "0fEShkt39kQ-00268-00095905-00096102": "it's a very good reason why we have to", "0fEShkt39kQ-00269-00096103-00096351": "focus on the present moment cuz we can't", "0fEShkt39kQ-00270-00096352-00096639": "be about cause and effect we can't be", "0fEShkt39kQ-00271-00096640-00096969": "striving for some goal even though we", "0fEShkt39kQ-00272-00096970-00097251": "often use those words when you practice", "0fEShkt39kQ-00273-00097252-00097545": "it can't be about that has to be putting", "0fEShkt39kQ-00274-00097546-00098241": "down the burden giving up giving up our", "0fEShkt39kQ-00275-00098242-00098540": "ambitions", "0fEShkt39kQ-00276-00098541-00098956": "so when we look to our practice we have", "0fEShkt39kQ-00277-00098957-00099511": "to be much more about the quality of the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00278-00099512-00100028": "practice the purity the goodness rather", "0fEShkt39kQ-00279-00100029-00100610": "than the happiness the peace all of the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00280-00100611-00100792": "benefits that we talk about even", "0fEShkt39kQ-00281-00100793-00101124": "listening to meditators describe them", "0fEShkt39kQ-00282-00101125-00101465": "and then to them the outcome of the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00283-00101466-00101755": "practice there's great encouragement and", "0fEShkt39kQ-00284-00101756-00102055": "reassurance to remove your doubts yes", "0fEShkt39kQ-00285-00102056-00102319": "this is a good path but it won't help", "0fEShkt39kQ-00286-00102320-00102602": "you in the practice you can't think am i", "0fEShkt39kQ-00287-00102603-00102790": "there yet okay what do I have to do to", "0fEShkt39kQ-00288-00102791-00103069": "become like that person it's not how it", "0fEShkt39kQ-00289-00103070-00103239": "works", "0fEShkt39kQ-00290-00103240-00103669": "and you get so caught up hung up held up", "0fEShkt39kQ-00291-00103670-00104051": "held back when you try to look for", "0fEShkt39kQ-00292-00104052-00104410": "results yeah what am I getting anything", "0fEShkt39kQ-00293-00104411-00104674": "out of this practice it's a few towns", "0fEShkt39kQ-00294-00104675-00104908": "it's not that you couldn't see it's that", "0fEShkt39kQ-00295-00104909-00105139": "it wouldn't be useful if you did when", "0fEShkt39kQ-00296-00105140-00105218": "you're doing that you're no longer", "0fEShkt39kQ-00297-00105219-00105736": "meditating so be about quality quality", "0fEShkt39kQ-00298-00105738-00105964": "in the present moment it's like put your", "0fEShkt39kQ-00299-00105965-00106141": "nose to the grindstone don't ever look", "0fEShkt39kQ-00300-00106142-00106453": "up do your work your bank account fills", "0fEShkt39kQ-00301-00106454-00106672": "up by itself", "0fEShkt39kQ-00302-00106673-00107057": "the dumbo checks are when you call auto", "0fEShkt39kQ-00303-00107058-00107447": "deposit what's the word you can get and", "0fEShkt39kQ-00304-00107448-00107686": "get paid automatically no need to", "0fEShkt39kQ-00305-00107688-00108010": "receive a check your bank account you", "0fEShkt39kQ-00306-00108011-00108385": "your Dharma bank fills up by itself you", "0fEShkt39kQ-00307-00108386-00109111": "just do the work direct deposit you know", "0fEShkt39kQ-00308-00109113-00109344": "all right", "0fEShkt39kQ-00309-00109345-00109674": "so a little bit of talk about benefits", "0fEShkt39kQ-00310-00109675-00109869": "nonetheless so it's always good to talk", "0fEShkt39kQ-00311-00109870-00110043": "about because it's a reassurance but a", "0fEShkt39kQ-00312-00110044-00110225": "reminder and a warning that this is not", "0fEShkt39kQ-00313-00110226-00110461": "how we should approach our practice", "0fEShkt39kQ-00314-00110463-00110666": "practice should always be about the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00315-00110667-00111158": "practice itself why we practice why we", "0fEShkt39kQ-00316-00111159-00111432": "practice is because not practicing is a", "0fEShkt39kQ-00317-00111433-00111701": "cause of suffering why we practice is", "0fEShkt39kQ-00318-00111702-00111950": "because we have ignorance why we", "0fEShkt39kQ-00319-00111951-00112453": "practice is because there's a problem", "0fEShkt39kQ-00320-00112454-00112990": "why we practice is", "0fEShkt39kQ-00321-00112991-00113245": "it's very much about the rightness than", "0fEShkt39kQ-00322-00113246-00113530": "the propriety and the goodness of it", "0fEShkt39kQ-00323-00113531-00113932": "rather than we do it for X goal we can't", "0fEShkt39kQ-00324-00113933-00114386": "we can't always be thinking about this", "0fEShkt39kQ-00325-00114388-00114609": "we have to give up the idea of", "0fEShkt39kQ-00326-00114610-00115011": "motivation from being motivated our", "0fEShkt39kQ-00327-00115013-00115423": "motivation if we use the word should be", "0fEShkt39kQ-00328-00115424-00116014": "for purity for quality for rightness", "0fEShkt39kQ-00329-00116015-00116428": "goodness here and now and let the", "0fEShkt39kQ-00330-00116429-00116713": "results come it's like this whole god", "0fEShkt39kQ-00331-00116714-00117157": "thing right people say you have to do X", "0fEShkt39kQ-00332-00117158-00117486": "or else God will be angry on you if you", "0fEShkt39kQ-00333-00117488-00117865": "do X God will be pleased I just think", "0fEShkt39kQ-00334-00117866-00118075": "you know if God's gonna be angry at me", "0fEShkt39kQ-00335-00118076-00118405": "isn't that his problem God's gonna be", "0fEShkt39kQ-00336-00118406-00118588": "happy for me just I really you know I", "0fEShkt39kQ-00337-00118589-00118654": "really", "0fEShkt39kQ-00338-00118655-00118825": "is this really a carrot and the stick", "0fEShkt39kQ-00339-00118826-00119116": "sort of thing what an awful way no", "0fEShkt39kQ-00340-00119117-00119476": "they're just another reason to never", "0fEShkt39kQ-00341-00119477-00120059": "believe in any God yeah then with that I", "0fEShkt39kQ-00342-00120060-00120234": "think we've covered just about", "0fEShkt39kQ-00343-00120235-00120565": "everything that's the dumb before", "0fEShkt39kQ-00344-00120566-00120786": "tonight thank you all for tuning in have", "0fEShkt39kQ-00345-00120788-00121030": "a good night"}}, {"audio_id": "0fNRIDlmTDc", "text": {"0fNRIDlmTDc-00000-00000104-00000380": "foundationalism concerns philosophical", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00001-00000381-00000553": "theories of knowledge resting upon", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00002-00000554-00000802": "justified belief or some secure", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00003-00000803-00001012": "foundation of certainty such as a", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00004-00001013-00001237": "conclusion inferred from a basis of", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00005-00001238-00001576": "sound premises the main rival of the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00006-00001577-00001847": "foundationalist theory of justification", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00007-00001848-00002114": "is the coherence theory of justification", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00008-00002115-00002333": "whereby a body of knowledge not", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00009-00002334-00002600": "requiring a secure foundation can be", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00010-00002601-00002816": "established by the interlocking strength", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00011-00002817-00003067": "of its components like a puzzle solved", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00012-00003068-00003284": "without prior certainty that each small", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00013-00003285-00003581": "region was solved correctly identifying", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00014-00003582-00003779": "the alternatives as either circular", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00015-00003779-00004034": "reasoning or infinite regress and thus", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00016-00004035-00004295": "exhibiting the regress problem aristotle", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00017-00004296-00004520": "made foundationalism his own clear", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00018-00004521-00004727": "choice positing basic beliefs", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00019-00004728-00005066": "underpinning others descartes the most", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00020-00005067-00005302": "famed foundationalist discovered a", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00021-00005303-00005497": "foundation in the fact of his own", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00022-00005498-00005806": "existence in in their clear and distinct", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00023-00005807-00006002": "ideas of reason", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00024-00006003-00006215": "whereas Locke found a foundation in", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00025-00006216-00006529": "experience differing foundations may", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00026-00006530-00006709": "reflect differing epistemological", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00027-00006709-00007045": "emphases empiricists emphasizing", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00028-00007047-00007303": "experience rationalists emphasizing", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00029-00007304-00007696": "reason but may blend both in the 1930s", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00030-00007697-00008008": "debate over foundationalism revived", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00031-00008009-00008321": "whereas moritz schlick viewed scientific", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00032-00008322-00008555": "knowledge like a pyramid where a special", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00033-00008556-00008762": "class of statements does not require", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00034-00008763-00008999": "verification through other beliefs and", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00035-00009000-00009203": "serves as a foundation otto neurath", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00036-00009204-00009476": "argued that scientific knowledge lacks", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00037-00009477-00009701": "an ultimate foundation and acts like a", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00038-00009702-00010178": "raft in the 1950s foundationalism fell", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00039-00010179-00010403": "into decline largely due to the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00040-00010404-00010642": "influence of willard van orman quine", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00041-00010643-00010921": "whose ontological relativity found any", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00042-00010922-00011162": "belief network to one's beliefs on all", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00043-00011163-00011399": "of reality while auxilary beliefs", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00044-00011400-00011594": "somewhere in the vast network are", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00045-00011595-00011806": "readily modified to protect desired", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00046-00011807-00012260": "beliefs classically foundationalism had", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00047-00012261-00012520": "posited infallibility of basic beliefs", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00048-00012521-00012745": "and deductive reasoning between beliefs", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00049-00012746-00013328": "a strong foundationalism about 1975 weak", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00050-00013329-00013403": "foundation", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00051-00013404-00013639": "ilysm emerged thus recent", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00052-00013640-00013886": "foundationalist save area Slee allowed", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00053-00013887-00014144": "fallible basic beliefs and inductive", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00054-00014144-00014336": "reasoning between them either by a", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00055-00014337-00014597": "numerator induction or by inference to", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00056-00014597-00014734": "the best explanation", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00057-00014735-00015025": "and whereas internalists require", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00058-00015026-00015313": "cognitive access to justification means", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00059-00015313-00015605": "externalist find justification without", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00060-00015606-00016222": "such access", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00061-00016222-00016801": "topic history", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00062-00016802-00017087": "foundationalism was initiated by french", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00063-00017088-00017305": "early modern philosopher Rene Descartes", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00064-00017306-00017660": "in his meditations Descartes challenged", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00065-00017661-00017822": "the contemporary principles of", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00066-00017823-00018080": "philosophy by arguing that everything he", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00067-00018081-00018233": "knew he learned from or through his", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00068-00018234-00018611": "senses he used various arguments to", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00069-00018612-00018845": "challenge the reliability of the senses", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00070-00018846-00019043": "citing previous errors and the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00071-00019044-00019256": "possibilities that he was dreaming or", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00072-00019257-00019528": "being deceived by an evil demon", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00073-00019529-00019784": "Descartes attempted to establish the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00074-00019785-00020003": "secure foundations for knowledge to", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00075-00020004-00020354": "avoid skepticism he contrasted the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00076-00020355-00020633": "information provided by senses which is", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00077-00020634-00020869": "unclear and uncertain with the truths of", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00078-00020870-00021199": "geometry which are clear and distinct", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00079-00021200-00021473": "geometrical truths are also certain and", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00080-00021474-00021725": "indubitable descartes thus attempted to", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00081-00021726-00021899": "find truths which were clear and", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00082-00021900-00022043": "distinct because they would be", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00083-00022044-00022241": "indubitably true in a suitable", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00084-00022242-00022568": "foundation for knowledge his method was", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00085-00022569-00022826": "to question all of his beliefs until he", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00086-00022827-00023027": "reached something clear and distinct", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00087-00023028-00023375": "that was indubitably true the result was", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00088-00023376-00023657": "his cogito ergo sum I think therefore I", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00089-00023658-00023711": "am", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00090-00023712-00023903": "or the belief that he was thinking as", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00091-00023904-00024146": "his indubitable belief suitable is a", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00092-00024147-00024488": "foundation for knowledge this resolved", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00093-00024489-00024749": "Descartes problem of the evil demon the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00094-00024750-00024965": "possibility that he was being deceived", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00095-00024966-00025222": "by an evil demon rendering all of his", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00096-00025223-00025513": "beliefs about the external world false", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00097-00025514-00025793": "even if his beliefs about the external", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00098-00025794-00026047": "world were false his beliefs about what", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00099-00026048-00026227": "he was experiencing was still", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00100-00026229-00026447": "indubitably true even if those", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00101-00026448-00026699": "perceptions do not relate to anything in", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00102-00026700-00026936": "the world several other philosophers of", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00103-00026937-00027185": "the early modern period including John", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00104-00027186-00027536": "Locke GW Leibniz George Berkeley David", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00105-00027537-00027788": "Hume and Thomas Reid all accepted", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00106-00027789-00028133": "foundationalism as well Baruch Spinoza", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00107-00028133-00028373": "was interpreted as metaphysical", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00108-00028374-00028718": "foundationalist by GWF Hegel a proponent", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00109-00028719-00029052": "of coherent ISM Immanuel Kant", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00110-00029054-00029294": "foundationalism rests on his theory of", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00111-00029295-00029583": "categories in late modern philosophy", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00112-00029585-00029867": "foundationalism was defended by JG", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00113-00029868-00030070": "victor in his book grand ledge dare", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00114-00030072-00030137": "guessin", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00115-00030138-00030608": "Wissenschaft Lera 1794 1795 Wilhelm", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00116-00030608-00030848": "Windell banned in his book obadike your", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00117-00030849-00031217": "height Derrick antonis 1873 and Gottlob", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00118-00031218-00031454": "Fraga in his book die grundlagen der", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00119-00031455-00031772": "arithmetic 1884 in contemporary", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00120-00031773-00032033": "philosophy foundationalism has been", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00121-00032033-00032288": "defended by Edmund Husserl Bertrand", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00122-00032289-00032954": "Russell and John McDowell", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00123-00032955-00033560": "topic definition", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00124-00033561-00033821": "foundationalism is an attempt to respond", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00125-00033822-00034064": "to the regress problem of justification", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00126-00034065-00034376": "in epistemology according to this", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00127-00034377-00034592": "argument every proposition requires", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00128-00034593-00034883": "justification to support it but any", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00129-00034884-00035145": "justification also needs to be justified", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00130-00035146-00035549": "itself if this goes on ad infinitum it", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00131-00035550-00035771": "is not clear how anything in the chain", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00132-00035772-00036170": "could be justified foundationalism holds", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00133-00036171-00036383": "that there are basic beliefs which serve", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00134-00036384-00036620": "as foundations to anchor the rest of our", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00135-00036621-00036951": "beliefs strong versions of the theory", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00136-00036952-00037190": "assert that an indirectly justified", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00137-00037191-00037479": "belief is completely justified by basic", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00138-00037480-00037715": "beliefs more moderate theories hold that", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00139-00037716-00037958": "indirectly justified beliefs require", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00140-00037959-00038246": "basic beliefs to be justified but can be", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00141-00038247-00038451": "further justified by other factors", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00142-00038452-00038708": "during thousands of years Western", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00143-00038709-00038982": "philosophy pursued a solid foundation as", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00144-00038983-00039180": "the ultimate and eternal reference", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00145-00039181-00039323": "system of knowledge called", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00146-00039324-00039671": "foundationalism it has existed since", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00147-00039672-00039936": "ancient Greece the focus of this theory", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00148-00039937-00040124": "is that all knowledge or cognitive", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00149-00040125-00040386": "awareness of the subject human being are", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00150-00040387-00040707": "based on a solid foundation this", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00151-00040708-00040937": "foundation serves not only as the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00152-00040938-00041151": "starting point merely as a basis for", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00153-00041152-00041413": "knowledge of the truth of existence", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00154-00041414-00041679": "thinking is the process of proving the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00155-00041680-00041901": "validity of knowledge not proving the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00156-00041902-00042143": "rationality of the foundation from which", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00157-00042144-00042449": "knowledge is shaped this means with", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00158-00042450-00042713": "ultimate cause the foundation is true", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00159-00042714-00043039": "absolute entire and impossible to prove", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00160-00043040-00043388": "neo pragmatist philosopher richard rorty", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00161-00043389-00043710": "a proponent of anti foundationalism said", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00162-00043711-00043923": "that the fundamentalism confirmed the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00163-00043924-00044086": "existence of the privileged", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00164-00044087-00044301": "representation which constitutes the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00165-00044302-00044518": "foundation from which dominates", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00166-00044519-00044907": "epistemology Plato's theory of forms is", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00167-00044908-00045227": "the earliest foundationalism so from the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00168-00045228-00045476": "point of view of Plato the form shows", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00169-00045477-00045699": "the general concept which plays as a", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00170-00045700-00045938": "model for the release of existence which", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00171-00045939-00046173": "is only the faint copy of the forms of", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00172-00046174-00046427": "eternity that means understanding the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00173-00046428-00046680": "expression of objects leads to acquiring", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00174-00046681-00046902": "all knowledge then acquiring knowledge", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00175-00046903-00047238": "company's achieving the truth achieving", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00176-00047239-00047430": "the truth means understanding the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00177-00047431-00047733": "foundation this idea still has some", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00178-00047734-00047937": "appeal in for example international", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00179-00047938-00048573": "relations studies", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00180-00048574-00049257": "topic classical foundationalism", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00181-00049258-00049513": "foundationalism holds basic beliefs", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00182-00049514-00049726": "exist which are justified without", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00183-00049727-00049963": "reference to other beliefs and that non", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00184-00049964-00050161": "basic beliefs must ultimately be", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00185-00050162-00050554": "justified by basic beliefs classical", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00186-00050555-00050807": "foundationalism maintains that basic", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00187-00050808-00051025": "beliefs must be infallible if they are", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00188-00051026-00051277": "to justify non basic beliefs and that", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00189-00051278-00051520": "only deductive reasoning can be used to", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00190-00051521-00051781": "transfer justification from one belief", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00191-00051782-00052148": "to another Laurence Bonjour has argued", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00192-00052149-00052345": "that the classical formulation of", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00193-00052346-00052618": "foundationalism requires basic beliefs", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00194-00052619-00052834": "to be infallible incorrigible", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00195-00052835-00053078": "indubitable and certain if they are to", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00196-00053079-00053416": "be adequately justified mental states", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00197-00053417-00053686": "and immediate experience are often taken", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00198-00053687-00053899": "as good candidates for basic beliefs", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00199-00053900-00054116": "because it is argued that beliefs about", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00200-00054116-00054353": "these do not need further support to be", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00201-00054354-00054916": "justified", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00202-00054916-00055547": "topic modest foundationalism", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00203-00055548-00055807": "as an alternative to the classic view", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00204-00055808-00056087": "modest foundationalism does not require", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00205-00056088-00056297": "that basic perceptual beliefs are", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00206-00056298-00056474": "infallible but holds that it is", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00207-00056475-00056692": "reasonable to assume that perceptual", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00208-00056694-00056938": "beliefs are justified unless evidence to", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00209-00056939-00057259": "the contrary exists this is still", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00210-00057260-00057454": "foundationalism because it maintains", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00211-00057455-00057716": "that all non basic beliefs must be", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00212-00057716-00057974": "ultimately justified by basic beliefs", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00213-00057975-00058190": "but it does not require that basic", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00214-00058191-00058373": "beliefs are infallible and allows", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00215-00058374-00058600": "inductive reasoning as an acceptable", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00216-00058601-00058975": "form of inference for example a belief", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00217-00058976-00059212": "that I see read could be defeated with", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00218-00059213-00059465": "psychological evidence showing my mind", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00219-00059466-00059806": "to be confused or inattentive modest", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00220-00059807-00060071": "foundationalism can also be used to", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00221-00060072-00060294": "avoid the problem of inference", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00222-00060295-00060541": "even if perceptual beliefs are", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00223-00060542-00060769": "infallible it is not clear that they can", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00224-00060770-00060971": "infallibly ground empirical knowledge", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00225-00060972-00061235": "even if my belief that the table looks", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00226-00061236-00061468": "read to me is infallible the inference", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00227-00061469-00061679": "to the belief that the table actually", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00228-00061679-00062017": "his read might not be infallible modest", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00229-00062019-00062269": "foundationalism does not require this", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00230-00062270-00062510": "link between perception and reality to", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00231-00062511-00062767": "be so strong our perception of a table", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00232-00062769-00062948": "being yellow is adequate justification", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00233-00062949-00063266": "to believe that this is the case even if", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00234-00063266-00063391": "it is not infallible", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00235-00063392-00063643": "reformed epistemology is a form of", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00236-00063644-00063868": "modest foundationalism which takes", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00237-00063869-00064100": "religious beliefs is basic because they", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00238-00064101-00064341": "are non inferentially justified their", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00239-00064342-00064576": "justification arises from religious", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00240-00064577-00064851": "experience rather than prior beliefs", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00241-00064852-00065116": "this takes a modest approach to", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00242-00065117-00065360": "foundationalism religious beliefs are", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00243-00065361-00065567": "not taken to be infallible but are", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00244-00065568-00065806": "assumed to be prima facie justified", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00245-00065807-00066552": "unless evidence arises to the contrary", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00246-00066553-00067261": "topic internal ISM and external ism", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00247-00067262-00067532": "foundationalism can take internalist and", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00248-00067533-00067860": "externalist forms internal ISM requires", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00249-00067861-00068093": "that a believers justification for a", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00250-00068094-00068343": "belief must be accessible to them for it", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00251-00068344-00068655": "to be justified foundationalist", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00252-00068656-00068865": "internalists have held that basic", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00253-00068866-00069113": "beliefs are justified by mental events", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00254-00069114-00069390": "or states such as experiences that do", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00255-00069391-00069729": "not constitute beliefs alternatively", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00256-00069730-00070005": "basic beliefs may be justified by some", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00257-00070006-00070248": "special property of the belief itself", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00258-00070249-00070475": "such as its being self-evident or", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00259-00070476-00070842": "infallible externalism maintains that it", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00260-00070843-00071038": "is unnecessary for the means of", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00261-00071039-00071231": "justification of a belief to be", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00262-00071232-00071499": "accessible to the believer reliabilism", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00263-00071500-00071778": "is an externalist foundationalist theory", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00264-00071779-00072032": "initially proposed by alvin goldman", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00265-00072033-00072281": "which argues that a belief is justified", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00266-00072282-00072534": "if it is reliably produced meaning that", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00267-00072535-00072836": "it will be probably true goldman", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00268-00072837-00073042": "distinguished between two kinds of", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00269-00073043-00073266": "justification for beliefs belief", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00270-00073267-00073523": "dependent and belief independent a", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00271-00073524-00073832": "belief dependent process uses prior", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00272-00073833-00074091": "beliefs to produce new beliefs a belief", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00273-00074092-00074357": "independent process does not using other", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00274-00074358-00074712": "stimuli instead beliefs produced this", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00275-00074713-00074961": "way are justified because the processes", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00276-00074962-00075174": "that cause them are reliable this might", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00277-00075175-00075387": "be because we have evolved to reach good", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00278-00075388-00075603": "conclusions when presented with sense", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00279-00075604-00075842": "data meaning the conclusions we draw", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00280-00075843-00076575": "from our senses are usually true", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00281-00076576-00077236": "topic criticisms critics of", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00282-00077237-00077492": "foundationalism often argue that for a", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00283-00077493-00077711": "belief to be justified it must be", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00284-00077712-00077957": "supported by other beliefs in Donald", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00285-00077958-00078278": "Davidson's phrase only a belief can be a", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00286-00078279-00078656": "reason for another belief for instance", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00287-00078657-00078923": "Wilfrid Sellars argued that nan docks a", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00288-00078924-00079156": "state mental states cannot be reasons", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00289-00079157-00079430": "and so non inferential warrant cannot be", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00290-00079431-00079772": "derived from them similarly critics of", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00291-00079773-00080036": "externalist foundationalism argue that", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00292-00080037-00080263": "only mental states or properties the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00293-00080264-00080486": "believer is aware of could make a belief", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00294-00080487-00080906": "justified according to skepticism there", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00295-00080907-00081106": "are no beliefs that are so obviously", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00296-00081107-00081338": "certain that they require support from", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00297-00081339-00081671": "no other beliefs even if one does not", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00298-00081672-00081876": "accept this very strong claim", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00299-00081877-00082100": "foundationalist have a problem with", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00300-00082101-00082349": "giving an uncontroversial or principled", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00301-00082350-00082496": "account of which beliefs are", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00302-00082497-00082847": "self-evident or indubitable post", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00303-00082848-00083093": "modernists and post-structuralist such", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00304-00083094-00083288": "as richard rorty and jacques derrida", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00305-00083289-00083537": "have attacked foundationalism on the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00306-00083538-00083744": "grounds that the truth of a statement or", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00307-00083745-00083969": "discourse is only verifiable in", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00308-00083970-00084167": "accordance with other statements and", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00309-00084168-00084460": "discourses Rorty in particular", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00310-00084461-00084749": "elaborates further on this claiming that", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00311-00084750-00085016": "the individual the community the human", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00312-00085017-00085219": "body as a whole have a means by which", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00313-00085220-00085432": "they know the world this entails", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00314-00085433-00085719": "language culture semiotic systems", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00315-00085720-00086117": "mathematics science etc in order to", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00316-00086118-00086375": "verify particular means or particular", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00317-00086376-00086684": "statements belonging to certain means eg", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00318-00086685-00086863": "the propositions of the Natural Sciences", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00319-00086864-00087188": "a person would have to step outside the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00320-00087189-00087382": "means and critique them neutrally in", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00321-00087383-00087584": "order to provide a foundation for", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00322-00087585-00087940": "adopting them however this is impossible", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00323-00087941-00088243": "the only way in which one can know the", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00324-00088244-00088448": "world is through the means by which they", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00325-00088449-00088681": "know the world a method cannot justify", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00326-00088682-00089044": "itself this argument can be seen as", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00327-00089045-00089263": "directly related to Vidkun Stein's", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00328-00089264-00089482": "theory of language drawing a parallel", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00329-00089483-00089774": "between post-modernism and late logical", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00330-00089775-00089843": "positive", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00331-00089844-00090032": "that is united in critique of", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00332-00090033-00090661": "foundationalism", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00333-00090662-00091349": "topic see also constructivist", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00334-00091350-00091904": "epistemology evidentialism found here", "0fNRIDlmTDc-00335-00091905-00092588": "until pan rationalism pragmatism"}}, {"audio_id": "0fVFJOLy7kA", "text": {"0fVFJOLy7kA-00000-00000014-00000329": "the White Earth Indian Reservation", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00001-00000330-00000850": "Ojibwe GAA Wobegon ACOG litt where there", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00002-00000851-00001204": "is an abundance of white clay is the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00003-00001205-00001490": "home to the white earth band located in", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00004-00001491-00001820": "northwestern Minnesota it has the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00005-00001821-00002120": "largest Indian Reservation in that state", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00006-00002121-00002522": "by land area the reservation includes", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00007-00002523-00002822": "all of Mahnomen County plus parts of", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00008-00002823-00003076": "Becker and Clearwater counties in the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00009-00003077-00003331": "northwest part of the state along the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00010-00003332-00003706": "wild rice and white earth rivers it is", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00011-00003707-00004274": "about 225 miles 362 kilometers from", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00012-00004275-00004634": "Minneapolis st. Paul and roughly 65", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00013-00004635-00005056": "miles 105 kilometers from fargo-moorhead", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00014-00005057-00005465": "community members often prefer to", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00015-00005466-00005801": "identify as an issue nabe or Ojibwe", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00016-00005802-00006077": "rather than Chippewa a corruption of", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00017-00006078-00006379": "Ojibwe that came to be used by European", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00018-00006380-00006673": "settlers to refer to them the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00019-00006673-00007145": "reservations land area as 1093 square", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00020-00007145-00007445": "miles 2831", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00021-00007445-00007770": "square kilometers and its population was", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00022-00007772-00008402": "9000 192 as of the 2000 u.s. census the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00023-00008403-00008687": "White Earth Indian Reservation is one of", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00024-00008688-00008942": "six bands that make up the Minnesota", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00025-00008943-00009251": "Chippewa tribe their governing body for", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00026-00009252-00009610": "major administrative needs the band", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00027-00009611-00009878": "issues its own reservation license", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00028-00009879-00010134": "plates to vehicles", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00029-00010135-00010458": "the White Earth reservation was created", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00030-00010459-00010923": "on March 19 1867 during a treaty signing", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00031-00010924-00011210": "in Washington DC", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00032-00011211-00011508": "tennouji boy Indian chiefs met with", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00033-00011509-00011763": "President Andrew Johnson at the White", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00034-00011764-00012156": "House to negotiate the treaty the Chiefs", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00035-00012157-00012462": "WA Banco white cloud a go Lake", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00036-00012463-00012798": "Mississippi Chippewa and find a of the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00037-00012799-00013085": "removable mill lakhs Indians were among", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00038-00013086-00013299": "the first to move with their followers", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00039-00013300-00013812": "to white earth in 1868 the reservation", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00040-00013813-00014338": "originally covered 1,300 square miles", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00041-00014340-00014751": "3,400 square kilometres much of the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00042-00014752-00015078": "community's land was improperly sold or", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00043-00015079-00015381": "seized by outside interests including", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00044-00015382-00015636": "the US federal government in the late", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00045-00015637-00016061": "19th century and early 20th century", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00046-00016062-00016458": "according to the Dawes Act of 1887 the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00047-00016459-00016707": "communal land was to be allotted to", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00048-00016708-00017016": "individual households recorded in tribal", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00049-00017017-00017319": "rolls for cultivation in subsistence", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00050-00017320-00017685": "farming under the Act the remainder was", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00051-00017686-00017988": "declared surplus and available for sale", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00052-00017989-00018384": "to non-native Americans the Nelson act", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00053-00018385-00018797": "of 1889 was a corollary law that enabled", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00054-00018798-00019068": "the land to be divided and sold to non", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00055-00019069-00019464": "natives in the latter half of the 20th", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00056-00019465-00019761": "century the federal government arranged", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00057-00019762-00019997": "for the transfer of state and county", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00058-00019998-00020244": "land to the reservation in compensation", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00059-00020245-00020693": "for other property that had been lost", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00060-00020694-00021131": "in 1989 Winona LaDuke a formed the white", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00061-00021132-00021428": "earth land recovery project which has", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00062-00021429-00021704": "slowly been acquiring land privately", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00063-00021705-00021941": "held to add back to the value of the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00064-00021942-00022361": "non-profit 501 C 3 to be used for", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00065-00022362-00022451": "collateral", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00066-00022452-00022859": "at that time less than 10% of the land", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00067-00022860-00023111": "within the reservation boundaries was", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00068-00023112-00023408": "owned by tribal members", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00069-00023409-00023705": "the white earth band government operates", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00070-00023706-00024047": "the shooting Star Casino Hotel an event", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00071-00024048-00024405": "center in Mahnomen Minnesota the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00072-00024406-00024671": "entertainment and gambling complex", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00073-00024672-00025012": "employs over 1,000 tribal and non-tribal", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00074-00025013-00025355": "staff with a new location in Bagley", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00075-00025356-00025839": "Minnesota", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00076-00025839-00026002": "you", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00077-00026004-00026586": "topic history", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00078-00026587-00026902": "originally the United States wanted to", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00079-00026902-00027186": "relocate all Anishinabe people from", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00080-00027187-00027511": "Michigan Wisconsin and Minnesota to the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00081-00027512-00027757": "White Earth reservation in the western", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00082-00027758-00028120": "part of Minnesota it planned to open the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00083-00028120-00028423": "land of the vacated reservations to sale", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00084-00028424-00028833": "and settlement by European Americans the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00085-00028834-00029158": "US government even proposed relocating", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00086-00029158-00029352": "the Dakota people to the White Earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00087-00029353-00029635": "reservation although the two people's", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00088-00029636-00029904": "had been traditional enemies since the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00089-00029905-00030186": "Anishinabe had invaded their land in the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00090-00030187-00030618": "late 18th century the US continued to", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00091-00030619-00031064": "promote this policy until 1898", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00092-00031066-00031427": "before the Nelson act of 1889 took", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00093-00031429-00031737": "effect groups of Anishinabe and dakota", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00094-00031738-00032013": "peoples began to relocate to the White", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00095-00032014-00032277": "Earth reservation from other Minnesota", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00096-00032277-00032689": "Chippewa and Dakota reservations the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00097-00032691-00033072": "1920 census details provide data on the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00098-00033073-00033381": "origins of the Anishinabe people living", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00099-00033382-00033624": "on the White Earth reservation as they", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00100-00033625-00033966": "indicated their original bands there", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00101-00033967-00034422": "were 4,000 856 from the Mississippi band", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00102-00034423-00034758": "of Chippewa well over 1,000 had come", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00103-00034759-00035067": "from Mille Lacs and many were Dakota the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00104-00035068-00035571": "pillagers numbered 1218 the Pembina band", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00105-00035572-00036120": "were 472 and 113 were from the Fondulac", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00106-00036121-00036653": "and Superior Chippewa bands on July 8", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00107-00036654-00037005": "1889 the United States broke treaty", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00108-00037006-00037323": "promises it told the Minnesota Chippewa", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00109-00037324-00037581": "that Red Lake reservation and White", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00110-00037582-00037851": "Earth reservation would remain but that", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00111-00037852-00038214": "the others would be eradicated it also", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00112-00038215-00038418": "told them that Chippewa from the other", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00113-00038419-00038715": "reservations would be relocated to White", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00114-00038716-00039057": "Earth reservation instead of dealing", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00115-00039058-00039324": "with the Chippewa of Minnesota on the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00116-00039325-00039630": "nation-to-nation level the United States", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00117-00039631-00039957": "put decisions about communal land use to", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00118-00039958-00040311": "a vote of tribal members it said that", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00119-00040312-00040599": "the decision to accept land allotments", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00120-00040600-00040842": "under the Dawes Act would be settled by", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00121-00040843-00041106": "a vote of individual adult Chippewa", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00122-00041107-00041382": "males rather than allowing the tribe to", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00123-00041383-00041583": "make a decision according to their own", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00124-00041584-00041976": "traditions of counsel included in the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00125-00041977-00042237": "decision to allow allotment was that", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00126-00042238-00042558": "lands classified as surplus after all", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00127-00042559-00042840": "households received allotments would be", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00128-00042841-00043113": "declared surplus and could be sold to", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00129-00043114-00043367": "Nansha POIs namely the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00130-00043368-00043731": "european-americans Chippewa leaders were", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00131-00043732-00044004": "outraged they knew they could count on", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00132-00044005-00044283": "the average Anishinabe adult male to", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00133-00044284-00044421": "obey the council's", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00134-00044422-00044790": "decision but included in the voting were", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00135-00044791-00045054": "many Dakota men who are not part of", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00136-00045055-00045251": "their tribe", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00137-00045252-00045523": "the Chippewa also mistrusted", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00138-00045524-00045752": "administration of the vote the whites", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00139-00045753-00046046": "who had an interest in allotment counted", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00140-00046047-00046292": "the total number of votes rather than", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00141-00046293-00046676": "the Chippewa Red Lake leaders warned the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00142-00046677-00046961": "United States about reprisals if their", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00143-00046962-00047333": "reservation was violated the white earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00144-00047334-00047546": "and mill lacks reservations", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00145-00047547-00047824": "overwhelmingly voted to accept land", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00146-00047825-00048158": "allotment and allow surplus land sold to", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00147-00048159-00048523": "the whites supposedly the Leech Lake", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00148-00048524-00048812": "reservations men also overwhelmingly", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00149-00048813-00049118": "voted to accept land allotments and have", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00150-00049119-00049430": "the reservation surplus land sold to the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00151-00049431-00049855": "whites the events of October 1898", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00152-00049856-00050128": "indicate otherwise", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00153-00050129-00050473": "at the time 1889 the White Earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00154-00050474-00050961": "reservation covered 1093 square miles", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00155-00050962-00051267": "after the votes were counted the whites", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00156-00051269-00051460": "claimed that voting men had", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00157-00051461-00051724": "overwhelmingly voted to accept land", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00158-00051725-00051954": "allotment and have the reservation", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00159-00051955-00052365": "surplus land sold to the whites after", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00160-00052366-00052690": "this process only a small portion of the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00161-00052691-00053041": "White Earth reservation remained it was", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00162-00053041-00053290": "located in the northeast part of the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00163-00053291-00053554": "White Earth reservation and was only a", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00164-00053554-00053797": "fraction of the original size", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00165-00053798-00054109": "all other Minnesota Chippewa", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00166-00054110-00054400": "reservations were closed and emptied of", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00167-00054401-00054763": "Native Americans the rebellion which", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00168-00054764-00054997": "occurred on the Leech Lake reservation", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00169-00054998-00055407": "in 1898 saved Minnesota's Chippewa", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00170-00055408-00055641": "reservations including the White Earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00171-00055642-00055951": "reservation and probably the Red Lake", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00172-00055952-00056170": "reservation and the Chippewa", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00173-00056171-00056508": "reservations of Wisconsin", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00174-00056509-00056812": "white earth like the Red Lake and leech", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00175-00056813-00057085": "lake reservations is known for its", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00176-00057086-00057373": "tradition of singing hymns in the Ojibwe", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00177-00057374-00057829": "language", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00178-00057830-00057991": "you", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00179-00057992-00058582": "topic communities", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00180-00058583-00058840": "White Earth reservation has many", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00181-00058841-00059124": "settlements located within its borders", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00182-00059125-00059457": "some are predominantly non-indian or", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00183-00059458-00059730": "include a large percentage of mixed", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00184-00059732-00060148": "Bloods today how individuals live in", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00185-00060149-00060412": "terms of their culture often determines", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00186-00060413-00060716": "whether they are considered Ojibwe", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00187-00060717-00061062": "according to tradition the Ojibwe had a", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00188-00061063-00061392": "patrilineal society in which inheritance", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00189-00061394-00061648": "and dissent was passed down paternal", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00190-00061649-00062053": "lines children were considered born into", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00191-00062054-00062254": "their father's clan and took their", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00192-00062254-00062597": "social status from his people", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00193-00062598-00062870": "at one time children who had white", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00194-00062871-00063205": "fathers were not considered Ojibwe such", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00195-00063207-00063482": "children had no formal place in the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00196-00063483-00063758": "tribe unless they were adopted by a male", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00197-00063759-00064046": "of the tribe as their biological father", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00198-00064047-00064427": "did not belong to a tribal clan over", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00199-00064428-00064792": "time many unions were made among a g-way", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00200-00064794-00065090": "and Europeans typically of European", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00201-00065091-00065491": "males and Ojibwe women their mixed-race", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00202-00065492-00065744": "descendants have taken a variety of", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00203-00065745-00066059": "roles some bridging the cultures others", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00204-00066060-00066428": "identifying with one or the other the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00205-00066429-00066725": "questions of ancestry and style of life", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00206-00066726-00067057": "continue to be contentious", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00207-00067058-00067391": "predominantly Indian settlements include", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00208-00067392-00067607": "elbow Lake naytahwaush", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00209-00067608-00067872": "the largest Indian community on the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00210-00067873-00068204": "reservation Pine Point Rice Lake Twin", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00211-00068205-00068429": "Lakes and white earth which is the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00212-00068430-00068703": "second largest Indian settlement on the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00213-00068704-00069053": "reservation the following communities", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00214-00069054-00069247": "are considered to have predominantly", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00215-00069248-00069542": "Indian populations when they're mixed", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00216-00069543-00069830": "blood residents are included whether or", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00217-00069831-00070082": "not those are enrolled tribal members", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00218-00070083-00070232": "Wabun aagama", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00219-00070233-00070631": "and Callaway the largest community is", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00220-00070632-00070850": "Mahnomen which is predominantly", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00221-00070851-00071173": "non-indian in population", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00222-00071174-00071451": "tiny settlements that are likely", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00223-00071452-00071728": "predominantly native-american include", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00224-00071729-00072043": "mock ones which is very rural Maple", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00225-00072044-00072373": "Grove Township Pine Bend Roy Lake a", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00226-00072374-00072709": "popular tourist and vacation destination", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00227-00072710-00072976": "and the region around strawberry lake", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00228-00072977-00073281": "which is also popular with vacationers", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00229-00073282-00073774": "in July 2007 according to the Minnesota", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00230-00073775-00074041": "Chippewa tribe the total number of", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00231-00074042-00074248": "enrolled members of the White Earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00232-00074249-00074545": "reservation as nineteen thousand two", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00233-00074546-00074926": "hundred ninety one most members live off", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00234-00074927-00075250": "reservation particularly those of dakota", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00235-00075251-00075619": "ancestry some live in Minneapolis or", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00236-00075620-00075904": "other cities that offer more economic", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00237-00075905-00076394": "prospects", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00238-00076395-00076556": "you", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00239-00076557-00077152": "topic demographics", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00240-00077153-00077398": "the population of the White Earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00241-00077399-00077701": "reservation is predominantly white as", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00242-00077702-00077992": "the Nelson act permitted sales of land", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00243-00077993-00078138": "to non-natives", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00244-00078139-00078595": "the 2000 census reported a population of", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00245-00078596-00078943": "nine thousand 192 for the White Earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00246-00078944-00079293": "reservation the Native American", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00247-00079294-00079822": "population was reported as 3378 much", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00248-00079823-00080007": "less than that at the Leech Lake", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00249-00080008-00080353": "reservation when including mixed", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00250-00080354-00080710": "heritage Ojibwe people and Hispanics the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00251-00080711-00081343": "Native American population as 4154 the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00252-00081344-00081708": "white population was reported as 5,000", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00253-00081709-00081929": "105", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00254-00081930-00082130": "the chairwoman of the White Earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00255-00082131-00082405": "reservation says that the Indian", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00256-00082406-00082679": "populations of reservations are higher", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00257-00082680-00083075": "than counted during censuses she said", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00258-00083076-00083375": "that many reservation families had more", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00259-00083376-00083600": "than one family sharing the same", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00260-00083601-00083837": "residence and these were not always", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00261-00083838-00084203": "counted in some cases up to three", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00262-00084204-00084440": "families shared the same residence", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00263-00084441-00084821": "during census counts the extra families", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00264-00084822-00085094": "will likely not participate for fear of", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00265-00085095-00085478": "being evicted from their homes it may be", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00266-00085479-00085676": "that the population of the White Earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00267-00085677-00085958": "band is larger than that of whites on", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00268-00085959-00086439": "the reservation", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00269-00086440-00086600": "you", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00270-00086601-00087177": "topic economy", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00271-00087178-00087501": "White Earth reservation has an economy", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00272-00087502-00087714": "which is similar to other Native", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00273-00087715-00088164": "American reservations in 2011 the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00274-00088165-00088290": "government of the White Earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00275-00088291-00088770": "reservation employed nearly 1750", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00276-00088771-00089223": "employees the tribal payroll was near 21", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00277-00089224-00089553": "million dollars the government of the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00278-00089554-00089771": "White Earth reservation employs", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00279-00089772-00090084": "non-indians as well as Chippewa from off", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00280-00090085-00090324": "the reservation in order to fill its", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00281-00090325-00090550": "staffing needs", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00282-00090551-00090841": "the White Earth reservation owns and", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00283-00090842-00091153": "operates an event center a hotel", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00284-00091154-00091405": "the shooting star casino the White Earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00285-00091406-00091693": "housing authority the reservations", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00286-00091694-00092055": "college and other business enterprises", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00287-00092056-00092325": "the poverty rate on the White Earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00288-00092326-00092773": "reservation may be near 50% the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00289-00092774-00092998": "unemployment rate on the White Earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00290-00092999-00093460": "reservation is near 25% the White Earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00291-00093461-00093799": "reservation is classified as the poorest", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00292-00093800-00094445": "reservation in the state of Minnesota", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00293-00094446-00094609": "you", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00294-00094610-00095207": "topic topography", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00295-00095208-00095528": "White Earth reservation is situated in", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00296-00095529-00095762": "an area where the Prairie meets the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00297-00095763-00096179": "boreal forest about half the reservation", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00298-00096180-00096446": "is covered by a forest and lakes with", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00299-00096447-00096844": "second-growth trees in the late 19th", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00300-00096845-00097166": "century lumber companies clear-cut much", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00301-00097167-00097400": "of the original forest that had covered", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00302-00097401-00097634": "the reservation", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00303-00097635-00097925": "the western part of the reservation is", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00304-00097926-00098249": "prime Prairieland many farms are located", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00305-00098250-00098441": "in this section", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00306-00098442-00098771": "another area of numerous farms as the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00307-00098772-00099023": "extreme northeastern section of the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00308-00099024-00099234": "reservation", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00309-00099235-00099531": "the most dense forest is situated", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00310-00099532-00099855": "between Calloway and pine point on up to", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00311-00099856-00100233": "just west and north of mock once north", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00312-00100234-00100538": "of there the forest becomes less dense", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00313-00100539-00100827": "especially around the pine bend and rice", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00314-00100828-00101202": "lake regions the region between mock", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00315-00101203-00101613": "once and pine bend has a few farms", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00316-00101614-00101926": "many lakes dot the reservations land", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00317-00101927-00102257": "large lakes include Bass Lake", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00318-00102258-00102593": "big rat Lake lower Rice Lake many Point", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00319-00102594-00102932": "Lake North Twin Lake South Twin Lake Roy", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00320-00102933-00103094": "Lake Round Lake", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00321-00103095-00103430": "Snyder Lake Strawberry Lake Tula B Lake", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00322-00103431-00103752": "and white earth Lake the white earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00323-00103753-00104042": "land recovery project encourages", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00324-00104043-00104352": "ownership of reservation land by members", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00325-00104353-00104579": "of the white earth band as well as", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00326-00104580-00104901": "projects for reforestation and revival", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00327-00104902-00105132": "of the wild rice industry on the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00328-00105133-00105461": "reservations Lakes it sells a", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00329-00105463-00105758": "reservation brand of wild rice and other", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00330-00105759-00105952": "products", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00331-00105953-00106332": "the White Earth reservation holds the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00332-00106333-00106674": "160,000 acre White Earth State Forest", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00333-00106675-00106981": "the reservations land is still", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00334-00106982-00107191": "recovering from the effects of the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00335-00107192-00107433": "destruction which the lumber companies", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00336-00107434-00107782": "caused over a century ago the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00337-00107783-00108060": "reservation is especially beautiful", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00338-00108061-00108689": "during the spring summer and autumn", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00339-00108690-00108852": "you", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00340-00108853-00109398": "topic climate", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00341-00109399-00109632": "climate conditions on the White Earth", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00342-00109633-00109974": "reservation are extreme winters are long", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00343-00109975-00110276": "and cold during the months of December", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00344-00110277-00110651": "January and February average low", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00345-00110652-00111018": "temperatures are 1 minus 6 and 0 at", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00346-00111019-00111396": "Mahnomen average high temperatures for", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00347-00111397-00111795": "the same winter months are 2014 and 21", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00348-00111796-00112176": "the summer months of June July and", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00349-00112177-00112422": "August have high temperatures that", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00350-00112423-00112995": "average 76 81 and 80 at Mahnomen average", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00351-00112996-00113261": "low temperatures during the same summer", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00352-00113263-00113863": "months are 50 to 56 and 54 at Mahnomen", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00353-00113864-00114096": "precipitation is influenced by the", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00354-00114097-00114410": "forest and many lakes which are located", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00355-00114411-00114788": "within the reservations borders average", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00356-00114789-00115113": "yearly precipitation at Mahnomen as over", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00357-00115114-00115588": "22 inches", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00358-00115589-00115752": "you", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00359-00115753-00116351": "topic C also", "0fVFJOLy7kA-00360-00116352-00116690": "Wayne Chema Dube"}}, {"audio_id": "0g1XBbqSoMy", "text": {"0g1XBbqSoMy-00000-00000050-00000349": "the jozani Schwab a national park is a", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00001-00000350-00000613": "50 square kilometers 19 square miles", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00002-00000614-00000871": "National Park of Tanzania located on the", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00003-00000872-00001105": "island of Zanzibar it is the only", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00004-00001106-00001420": "national park in Zanzibar the Zanzibar", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00005-00001421-00001689": "red colobus Pro colobus querque its", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00006-00001691-00001959": "population count as about 1,000 found in", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00007-00001960-00002142": "the park for rainforest species", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00008-00002143-00002352": "unlike the black and white colobus found", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00009-00002353-00002583": "in other regions of Africa is also known", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00010-00002584-00002797": "as kirk's red colobus named after Sir", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00011-00002798-00002976": "John Kirk the British resident of", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00012-00002977-00003168": "Zanzibar who had first brought it to the", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00013-00003169-00003445": "attention of zoological science it is", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00014-00003446-00003670": "now adopted as the flagship species for", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00015-00003671-00003850": "conservation in Zanzibar from the", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00016-00003851-00004195": "mid-1990s other species of fauna found", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00017-00004196-00004384": "in the park are the psychs monkey Bush", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00018-00004385-00004636": "babies more than 50 species of butterfly", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00019-00004637-00004945": "and 40 species of birds the nocturnal", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00020-00004946-00005098": "Zanzibar tree hyrax", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00021-00005099-00005284": "which has four toes on its front feet", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00022-00005285-00005476": "and three on its back is said to be the", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00023-00005477-00005650": "first hyrax species that has", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00024-00005651-00005923": "acclimatized to the forest as part of", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00025-00005924-00006112": "the tourism circuit the park attracts", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00026-00006113-00006403": "10% of the over 100,000 visitors to", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00027-00006404-00006555": "Zanzibar every year", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00028-00006556-00006844": "wildlife attractions of Zanzibar also", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00029-00006845-00007036": "include dolphins apart from deep-sea", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00030-00007037-00007245": "fishing for tuna marlin and shark", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00031-00007247-00007429": "another animal in the forests of the", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00032-00007430-00007648": "Ungowa island unequaled elsewhere as the", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00033-00007648-00007867": "Zanzibar leopard panthera pardus adair", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00034-00007868-00008164": "sea in the local legend this reportedly", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00035-00008165-00008359": "extinct species has been given a", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00036-00008360-00008581": "mythical status and is called cuy and is", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00037-00008582-00008764": "part of the superstitious beliefs of the", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00038-00008765-00009025": "people people believe that sorcerers", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00039-00009026-00009217": "keep this animal as their pet and scare", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00040-00009218-00009391": "people by spinning stories that the", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00041-00009392-00009562": "animal appears like spirits and", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00042-00009563-00009817": "disappears into thin air it was last", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00043-00009818-00010108": "reported in 1999 and officials and men", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00044-00010109-00010294": "working on the coral ragged lands of the", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00045-00010295-00010485": "southern and eastern Angela Island are", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00046-00010486-00010689": "asserted that the species is not extinct", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00047-00010690-00010837": "though it has not been sighted since", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00048-00010838-00011242": "2003 the last sighting reported in 2002", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00049-00011243-00011493": "2003 was of two leopards", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00050-00011494-00011721": "photographs of live examples of the", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00051-00011722-00011920": "species are not known to exist although", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00052-00011921-00012157": "a stuffed example as a museum display in", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00053-00012158-00012409": "Zanzibar Museum and a few skins exist in", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00054-00012410-00012612": "museums in London and Massachusetts", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00055-00012613-00012904": "trail camera footage from a 2018", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00056-00012905-00013135": "American documentary television series", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00057-00013136-00013303": "does appear to have captured proof of", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00058-00013304-00013422": "the leopards existence", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00059-00013424-00013609": "will undoubtedly spark renewed interest", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00060-00013610-00013818": "in further protective enforcement's a", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00061-00013819-00014077": "smaller leopard with spots which is a", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00062-00014078-00014308": "biological project of the larger animal", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00063-00014309-00014518": "is seen now in the island the seagrass", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00064-00014519-00014713": "beds of the Schwab a fringe with", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00065-00014713-00014916": "mangrove forests are important breeding", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00066-00014918-00015141": "grounds for marine organisms including", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00067-00015143-00015436": "open sea fish species the mangroves are", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00068-00015437-00015658": "also good breeding grounds for birds an", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00069-00015659-00015882": "integrated conservation and development", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00070-00015883-00016132": "icd planning for the area is under", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00071-00016133-00016423": "consideration the bay is also proposed", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00072-00016424-00016618": "to be declared a Ramsar site and is", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00073-00016619-00016816": "placed on the Tanzanian tentative list", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00074-00016817-00017014": "for World Heritage Sites to recognize", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00075-00017015-00017242": "its unique natural and cultural assets", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00076-00017243-00017428": "with due consideration of proposed", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00077-00017429-00018058": "conservation efforts", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00078-00018059-00018588": "topic ecology", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00079-00018589-00018813": "according to the International Union for", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00080-00018814-00018975": "Conservation of Nature and Natural", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00081-00018976-00019278": "Resources the park site occupies the", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00082-00019279-00019527": "largest remaining stand of near natural", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00083-00019528-00019836": "forest on Zanzibar the forest rests upon", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00084-00019837-00020118": "a reef limestone marine Terrace habitats", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00085-00020119-00020340": "within the park and associated protected", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00086-00020341-00020526": "lands include a groundwater forest", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00087-00020527-00020733": "coastal forest and grassland with", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00088-00020734-00020955": "mangroves and salt marsh at the coast", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00089-00020956-00021201": "the vegetation types found within the", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00090-00021202-00021411": "park once existed throughout Zanzibar", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00091-00021412-00021585": "endangered animals that reside within", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00092-00021586-00021888": "the park include the Zanzibar red", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00093-00021889-00022089": "colobus pillar colobus querque an", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00094-00022090-00022319": "endemic monkey species that exists only", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00095-00022320-00022731": "in zanzibar the aiders duiker cephalo", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00096-00022732-00023040": "facade air sea the Zanzibar sir valine", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00097-00023041-00023641": "Janet Ginetta servo Lena archery", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00098-00023642-00024178": "topic ecotourism", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00099-00024179-00024394": "Care International sponsored a", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00100-00024395-00024583": "development project for the wilderness", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00101-00024584-00024777": "area and surrounding communities from", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00102-00024778-00025111": "1995 until 2003 a revenue sharing", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00103-00025112-00025333": "program from park entrance fees has been", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00104-00025334-00025503": "used to construct schools and health", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00105-00025504-00025786": "clinics for local villages", "0g1XBbqSoMy-00106-00025787-00026157": "equals equals Gallery"}}, {"audio_id": "0gfsAAnDl1U", "text": {"0gfsAAnDl1U-00000-00000016-00000131": "hey everybody it's matt from royal", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00001-00000132-00000303": "herbianblog.com welcome to royal", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00002-00000304-00000511": "caribbean's perfect day at coco key this", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00003-00000512-00000686": "is their private island in the bahamas", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00004-00000687-00000886": "and today we've got a video tour of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00005-00000888-00001150": "everything that you can do see and eat", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00006-00001151-00001427": "on the island here we go", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00007-00001428-00002007": "[Music]", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00008-00002007-00002118": "hey everyone it's matt from royal", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00009-00002119-00002295": "caribbean blog.com thanks for joining us", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00010-00002296-00002495": "here on this full tour of royal", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00011-00002496-00002623": "caribbean's private island the bahamas", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00012-00002624-00002871": "perfect day at coco key i'm so excited", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00013-00002872-00003039": "to share this island with you and we", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00014-00003040-00003319": "took this video in 2021 showing off all", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00015-00003320-00003543": "the things you can do in this amazing", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00016-00003544-00003775": "place at perfect day at coco there's a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00017-00003776-00004022": "lot to see so dig on in so certainly", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00018-00004023-00004199": "walking off your cruise ship you'll be", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00019-00004200-00004343": "docking at the pier if you went to coco", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00020-00004344-00004511": "key in the past there was no pier but", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00021-00004512-00004670": "royal caribbean added that as part of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00022-00004671-00004847": "the perfect day echo cookie", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00023-00004848-00005038": "transformation it's a very short walk i", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00024-00005039-00005199": "don't know if this video kind of gives", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00025-00005200-00005311": "off that sense that it's a little bit", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00026-00005312-00005502": "longer but there are actually trams", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00027-00005503-00005622": "available if you don't want to do the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00028-00005623-00005775": "walk but i can tell you from experience", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00029-00005776-00005927": "it's not that bad although coming back", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00030-00005928-00006054": "maybe you want to take the tram after a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00031-00006055-00006311": "full day of having fun but after a short", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00032-00006312-00006503": "walk down the pier you'll arrive in the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00033-00006504-00006719": "arrivals area and usually you will have", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00034-00006720-00006887": "these awesome bohemian dancers there in", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00035-00006888-00007014": "fact i think every single morning i've", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00036-00007015-00007159": "been there they have these dancers here", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00037-00007159-00007334": "to welcome you and it's a great way to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00038-00007336-00007583": "start off your day at perfect day echo", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00039-00007584-00007903": "live music live band and a lot of energy", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00040-00007904-00008039": "that's what you need to get yourself", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00041-00008040-00008246": "started over there", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00042-00008247-00008374": "so once you're on the island you have to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00043-00008375-00008527": "decide where to go royal caribbean is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00044-00008528-00008742": "kind of divided up perfect day at cookie", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00045-00008743-00008959": "with the thrill side and the chill side", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00046-00008960-00009103": "so we're gonna start with the chill side", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00047-00009104-00009295": "here over at the appropriately named", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00048-00009296-00009527": "chill island chill island is where you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00049-00009528-00009646": "kind of kind of relax as your", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00050-00009647-00009863": "traditional beach day at perfect day", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00051-00009864-00010055": "cookie if you've been to the original", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00052-00010056-00010255": "coco key back in the day this is pretty", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00053-00010256-00010446": "much what you can expect here and after", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00054-00010447-00010623": "a short walk in the direction of chill", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00055-00010624-00010831": "island you're going to arrive at you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00056-00010832-00010942": "know what you consider to be the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00057-00010943-00011119": "traditional beach area but along the way", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00058-00011120-00011278": "there's plenty to see and do here you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00059-00011279-00011487": "have harbor beach a great view of the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00060-00011488-00011687": "area there which is nice to see and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00061-00011688-00011831": "you've got some relaxing hammocks to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00062-00011832-00012070": "enjoy and of course yes the beach this", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00063-00012071-00012310": "is a quiet area of perfect day cookies", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00064-00012311-00012463": "you're not gonna find live music here", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00065-00012464-00012663": "you're not gonna find a lot of you know", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00066-00012664-00012894": "rambunctious activities this is really", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00067-00012895-00013063": "the calm area of the island there's also", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00068-00013063-00013230": "the artisan market here so you can buy", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00069-00013231-00013463": "actually souvenirs of from the bahamas", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00070-00013463-00013694": "and that includes shirts and gifts and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00071-00013695-00013958": "toys and mementos from there they do", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00072-00013959-00014119": "accept cash here so you want to bring", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00073-00014119-00014271": "some cash in addition you can also get", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00074-00014272-00014479": "some coco key branded merchandise from", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00075-00014480-00014751": "royal caribbean but chill island is as", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00076-00014752-00015007": "the name implies a very relaxing area", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00077-00015008-00015207": "it's a long beach here by the way all", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00078-00015208-00015383": "the chairs and umbrellas you see", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00079-00015384-00015543": "complimentary no additional cost to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00080-00015544-00015735": "access this part of that in fact most of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00081-00015736-00015991": "coco key is complimentary as well so", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00082-00015991-00016111": "there's very few places and i'll name", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00083-00016112-00016303": "them obviously when they cost money but", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00084-00016304-00016463": "on chill island you've got your choice", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00085-00016464-00016647": "of plenty of areas on the beach and the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00086-00016648-00016815": "nice thing is it really goes on quite a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00087-00016816-00017022": "while so you can have a choice of having", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00088-00017023-00017230": "shade no shade", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00089-00017231-00017479": "perhaps having a chair near one of the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00090-00017480-00017679": "bars or away from everybody else it's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00091-00017680-00017847": "kind of your choice they also have these", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00092-00017848-00018007": "beach beds and these beach beds do cost", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00093-00018008-00018175": "extra these are the day beds you can", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00094-00018176-00018422": "reserve on real greens website and the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00095-00018423-00018567": "nice thing about these is you have some", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00096-00018568-00018735": "more comfortable to lay down a little", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00097-00018736-00018863": "bit of privacy", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00098-00018864-00019086": "and it's really not that much extra to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00099-00019087-00019294": "enjoy one of these as a place to just", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00100-00019295-00019479": "relax a little bit graceful for beach", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00101-00019480-00019703": "naps my goodness if you're gonna take a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00102-00019704-00019879": "little nap in the afternoon after a long", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00103-00019880-00020119": "day of sun fun it's a great option for", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00104-00020120-00020279": "you they do cost extra but the chairs", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00105-00020280-00020463": "and everything else complimentary if you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00106-00020464-00020694": "do rent the beach beds they do come with", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00107-00020695-00020903": "i believe some extra waters as well to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00108-00020904-00021199": "enjoy but again chill island is the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00109-00021200-00021430": "classic relaxing experience then you'll", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00110-00021431-00021527": "see from the rest of the island it kind", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00111-00021528-00021727": "of contrasts a little bit but here this", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00112-00021728-00021927": "is for people who really say i want to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00113-00021928-00022247": "have just a nice calm day", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00114-00022248-00022391": "just you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00115-00022392-00022630": "the ocean and the beach and that's it", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00116-00022631-00022775": "and that's what chill island certainly", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00117-00022776-00022975": "delivers there are also complimentary", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00118-00022976-00023135": "lockers that you can use there's lockers", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00119-00023136-00023319": "around the island as well not just here", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00120-00023320-00023463": "but actually people want to know you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00121-00023464-00023591": "know what if i want to go do something", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00122-00023592-00023814": "when i have my belongings you can use", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00123-00023815-00023958": "the lockers to put your stuff in here", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00124-00023959-00024127": "this is also where you're going to find", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00125-00024128-00024247": "the snorkeling equipment that you can", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00126-00024248-00024407": "rent there is of course first aid", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00127-00024408-00024583": "stations this is again not the only one", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00128-00024584-00024735": "on the island but here's the one at", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00129-00024736-00024871": "chill island so if you run into any", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00130-00024872-00025039": "issues maybe a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00131-00025040-00025271": "trip and fall or a jellyfish thing or", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00132-00025272-00025439": "something like that and in addition real", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00133-00025440-00025687": "quick also provides complementary swim", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00134-00025688-00025918": "vests for anybody who needs them usually", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00135-00025919-00026031": "usually children but make sure you're", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00136-00026032-00026311": "swimming safely certainly", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00137-00026312-00026495": "back into the artisan market again a lot", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00138-00026495-00026631": "of souvenirs i mentioned earlier you get", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00139-00026632-00026918": "a lot of cool tchotchkes and and shirts", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00140-00026919-00027151": "things to remember your visit by the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00141-00027152-00027287": "nice thing what i like about the artisan", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00142-00027288-00027439": "market here is maybe going to someplace", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00143-00027439-00027639": "else like in the bahamas like in nasa is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00144-00027639-00027927": "it's very low sales pressure no one's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00145-00027927-00028143": "coming at you like hey you know all this", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00146-00028144-00028358": "kind of stuff it's it's just very casual", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00147-00028360-00028551": "it's nice people to browse and come back", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00148-00028552-00028727": "with a souvenir to remember it and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00149-00028727-00028935": "there's a quite a variety of souvenirs", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00150-00028936-00029127": "might i add i mean really anything you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00151-00029127-00029351": "can imagine that has the bahamas on it", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00152-00029352-00029527": "they've got it here's the wacky seagull", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00153-00029527-00029751": "the wacky seagull is a one of the bars", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00154-00029752-00029974": "you have at perfect day at coco i guess", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00155-00029975-00030143": "the name implies that as you can see in", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00156-00030144-00030367": "the samantha's seagull tracks there but", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00157-00030368-00030502": "what i really like about this place is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00158-00030503-00030743": "that there's a lot of shade and there's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00159-00030744-00030958": "well there's bar service i like that too", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00160-00030960-00031158": "and it's very relaxing i think with the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00161-00031160-00031318": "breeze in there it's a great place to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00162-00031319-00031495": "kind of sit back get a break from the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00163-00031495-00031583": "sun", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00164-00031583-00031767": "all right so we got chill island now you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00165-00031768-00031902": "know you might be a little hungry and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00166-00031903-00032207": "we're gonna head over to chill grill", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00167-00032208-00032358": "which is one of the many complimentary", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00168-00032360-00032639": "places on the island to enjoy food so", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00169-00032639-00032799": "roller cream packs a lot of food at", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00170-00032800-00032983": "perfect day at coco key and chill grill", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00171-00032984-00033111": "is one of the many locations you can go", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00172-00033112-00033311": "to to get something to eat and all the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00173-00033312-00033543": "food you see here complimentary included", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00174-00033544-00033774": "it's not just burgers and hot dogs maybe", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00175-00033775-00033959": "you've been to other cruise line private", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00176-00033960-00034111": "islands and all that's all they got now", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00177-00034112-00034271": "here you've got choices of yes burgers", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00178-00034272-00034518": "and hot dogs but you've also got tacos", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00179-00034519-00034727": "cuban sandwiches here's the fresh", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00180-00034728-00034902": "tortilla maker they actually make the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00181-00034903-00035079": "tortillas on the spot and the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00182-00035080-00035318": "all-important toppings bar so you like", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00183-00035319-00035535": "tons of salsa tons of guacamole or none", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00184-00035536-00035662": "of them you can put that on there and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00185-00035663-00035887": "customize it and yes as promised they do", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00186-00035888-00036030": "have burgers and hot dogs if that's your", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00187-00036031-00036174": "thing cause who doesn't love burgers and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00188-00036175-00036399": "hot dogs right but they also have salads", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00189-00036400-00036559": "to choose from and what i love about", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00190-00036560-00036815": "this is that variety and it's all made", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00191-00036816-00036999": "fresh it is not just like well we cooked", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00192-00037000-00037143": "this up two hours ago and it's been", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00193-00037144-00037279": "under the reheater", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00194-00037280-00037439": "and of course who can forget dessert", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00195-00037440-00037599": "right the brownies here are amazing", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00196-00037600-00037815": "cookie sandwiches really actually here's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00197-00037816-00037983": "my tip for you get those chocolate chip", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00198-00037984-00038183": "cookies and then go to the ice cream", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00199-00038184-00038335": "machine that's nearby", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00200-00038336-00038527": "dispense the ice cream onto your cookie", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00201-00038528-00038862": "bam instant ice cream sandwich", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00202-00038863-00038999": "you'll also find a bar here if you'd", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00203-00039000-00039135": "like another bar does cost extra just", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00204-00039136-00039295": "like alcohol on a cruise ship but there", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00205-00039296-00039518": "is water for anybody to be able to have", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00206-00039519-00039646": "that is totally complimentary and the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00207-00039647-00039815": "nice thing is that you have shaded seats", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00208-00039816-00040039": "over here to take your food and enjoy", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00209-00040040-00040159": "there's plenty of seating you could take", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00210-00040160-00040271": "the food back to where you were sitting", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00211-00040272-00040487": "at the beach or enjoy it over there now", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00212-00040488-00040655": "there is tram system around the island", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00213-00040656-00040783": "because you know what perfect day cookie", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00214-00040784-00040927": "is a little large and if you want to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00215-00040928-00041046": "easily get around the island or maybe", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00216-00041047-00041207": "just see what it's like one of these", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00217-00041208-00041390": "tram stations is where you can go to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00218-00041391-00041535": "pick up the complimentary tram take you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00219-00041536-00041718": "around the island and see what's going", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00220-00041719-00041927": "on this i think is my favorite bar on", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00221-00041928-00042039": "the island i don't know what the name of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00222-00042040-00042207": "this bar is but it's but it's built out", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00223-00042208-00042407": "of a camper and i think it's just a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00224-00042408-00042630": "really cool thing so gotta get a drink", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00225-00042631-00042815": "over there just for fun and of course", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00226-00042816-00042983": "yes as you can see it's a very warm and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00227-00042984-00043135": "sunny day a perfect day cookie most of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00228-00043136-00043279": "the time that's exactly what you're", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00229-00043280-00043446": "gonna find clear skies can't always", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00230-00043447-00043623": "promise you that but man it's really", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00231-00043624-00043871": "nice now next up we've got the tour area", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00232-00043872-00044023": "so if you're doing a short surgeon like", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00233-00044024-00044239": "a kayak tour or jet ski this is where", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00234-00044240-00044407": "you can go and there are lockers for you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00235-00044408-00044662": "to use as well if you need be so chill", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00236-00044663-00044862": "island is just absolutely beautiful and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00237-00044863-00045087": "it makes up really the whole eastern end", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00238-00045088-00045262": "of the island and where you can find a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00239-00045263-00045430": "lot of the things to do there are also", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00240-00045431-00045567": "cabanas you can rent here so the cabanas", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00241-00045568-00045695": "cost actually just like those day beds", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00242-00045696-00045902": "earlier and the cabanas are a really", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00243-00045903-00046174": "nice way to splurge on your beach day so", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00244-00046175-00046423": "you get your own private cabana which", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00245-00046424-00046590": "includes a number of amenities including", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00246-00046591-00046790": "your chairs you get service from the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00247-00046791-00046974": "from the concierge which is really nice", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00248-00046975-00047230": "having that personalized concierge come", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00249-00047231-00047399": "over to you if you need to bring drinks", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00250-00047400-00047574": "food service it's really nice you can", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00251-00047575-00047799": "also get complimentary waters there as", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00252-00047800-00047918": "well as", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00253-00047919-00048095": "floating mats so", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00254-00048096-00048215": "it's a great place to spend the day if", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00255-00048216-00048286": "you're looking to spend a little bit", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00256-00048287-00048511": "extra and plus up your experience at", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00257-00048512-00048767": "perfect day at coco key", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00258-00048768-00048918": "so here we have a look at the jet skis", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00259-00048919-00049055": "and again this is where you go to do all", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00260-00049056-00049262": "the excursions as i mentioned earlier", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00261-00049263-00049502": "and the jet skis are among many", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00262-00049503-00049695": "different tour options that you have", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00263-00049696-00049823": "this is where the tour departs and then", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00264-00049824-00050023": "they take you out to the water all", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00265-00050024-00050167": "around you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00266-00050168-00050367": "and nearby appropriately enough there's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00267-00050368-00050495": "a bar so that way when you're done then", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00268-00050496-00050646": "you want to celebrate you can go over", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00269-00050647-00050815": "here and enjoy a bar there are bars", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00270-00050816-00050983": "really located throughout the island so", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00271-00050984-00051167": "you have to go too far to get your drink", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00272-00051168-00051326": "and the nice thing by the way is all the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00273-00051327-00051599": "bars at perfect day coco key take your", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00274-00051600-00051726": "drink package if you bought a drink", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00275-00051727-00051919": "package on royal caribbean cruise ships", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00276-00051920-00052135": "they work here as well", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00277-00052136-00052335": "now if you see right off offshore you're", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00278-00052336-00052414": "going to notice one of my favorite", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00279-00052415-00052671": "places which is the floating bar at", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00280-00052672-00052847": "perfect day echo okay so as the name", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00281-00052848-00053038": "implies you've gotta swim out there a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00282-00053039-00053150": "little bit sometimes it's waiting", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00283-00053151-00053326": "sometimes it's swimming but it's located", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00284-00053327-00053559": "just offshore it's a lot of fun to enjoy", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00285-00053560-00053750": "and again chill island starts to extend", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00286-00053751-00054015": "this way as well on the northern side of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00287-00054016-00054182": "the island and there's more beds there's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00288-00054183-00054487": "more beach beds to enjoy breezy bay is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00289-00054488-00054687": "the technical name of this beach here", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00290-00054688-00054838": "and it's on the northern side of it so", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00291-00054839-00054982": "again another choice for you and when", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00292-00054983-00055126": "you're picking your beach there isn't a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00293-00055127-00055247": "right or wrong answer it's not one", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00294-00055248-00055415": "that's really truly superior i think", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00295-00055416-00055526": "it's quite frankly it's a matter of what", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00296-00055527-00055647": "you're looking for maybe ambiance or", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00297-00055648-00055799": "just wherever it takes you there are", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00298-00055800-00055926": "also basketball courts you know there's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00299-00055927-00056047": "more to do than just sitting at the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00300-00056048-00056191": "beach there's basketball course we're", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00301-00056191-00056311": "gonna see some sports complex in a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00302-00056312-00056559": "little bit and the all famous snack", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00303-00056560-00056726": "shack so i say famous because they've", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00304-00056727-00056926": "got great food here again complimentary", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00305-00056927-00057191": "to enjoy and the snack jack has quite a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00306-00057191-00057423": "wide array of options for just a quick", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00307-00057424-00057615": "grab and go but they have actually my", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00308-00057616-00057735": "favorite things in the whole wide world", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00309-00057736-00057926": "which is the secret sandwich we'll have", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00310-00057927-00058094": "that in another video", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00311-00058095-00058279": "check out this uh cool", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00312-00058279-00058487": "human size billiards table that you can", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00313-00058488-00058671": "enjoy what's nice is you can have a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00314-00058672-00058815": "drink in hand and still play it you've", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00315-00058816-00059103": "got giant jenga you could play as well", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00316-00059104-00059311": "they pack a lot of really fun things", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00317-00059312-00059471": "volleyball court here so as you can see", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00318-00059472-00059638": "chill island before was kind of like", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00319-00059639-00059871": "just you in the beach here it's you and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00320-00059872-00060015": "the beach at breezy bay and a couple", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00321-00060016-00060230": "more activities whether it's ping pong", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00322-00060232-00060350": "connect four", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00323-00060351-00060511": "the volleyball court there's a little", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00324-00060512-00060750": "more activities a little more of a no i", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00325-00060751-00060894": "was a thrill but you're moving in that", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00326-00060895-00061054": "direction all right next up one of my", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00327-00061055-00061199": "favorite places in the whole wide world", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00328-00061200-00061382": "and that is oasis looking look even the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00329-00061383-00061591": "chicken loves oasis lagoon and there's a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00330-00061591-00061703": "towel station that brings you over there", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00331-00061704-00061815": "which by the way you can always exchange", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00332-00061816-00061942": "your towels there if you want to get a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00333-00061944-00062159": "fresh one oasis lagoon is the largest", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00334-00062160-00062423": "fresh water pool in the caribbean it is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00335-00062424-00062599": "unbelievably amazing i love this place", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00336-00062600-00062735": "this is where you'll find me most of the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00337-00062736-00063038": "time because it is a stunning", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00338-00063039-00063271": "spot to hang out and i love the pool", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00339-00063272-00063487": "it's always perfect temperature in here", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00340-00063488-00063735": "and what's great about it it is massive", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00341-00063736-00063903": "i mean it looks big in this video don't", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00342-00063904-00064030": "get me wrong but i mean it is even", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00343-00064032-00064199": "bigger in real life there's just so much", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00344-00064200-00064366": "space so there's plenty of room for", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00345-00064367-00064582": "everybody to spread out have their own", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00346-00064583-00064759": "time and those chairs you see in the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00347-00064760-00064903": "water by the way those are complimentary", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00348-00064904-00065175": "as well just first come first serve and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00349-00065176-00065399": "i love this bridge that goes over the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00350-00065400-00065606": "both sides of oasis lagoon because it", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00351-00065607-00065799": "gives you a great vantage point of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00352-00065800-00065871": "everything that's there it's just", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00353-00065872-00066015": "beautiful for photos and you know", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00354-00066016-00066167": "obviously functional to get you from", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00355-00066168-00066471": "point a to point b but as you can see", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00356-00066472-00066694": "it is a really large pool", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00357-00066695-00066879": "and it's just great i mean you know some", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00358-00066880-00066991": "people really love the beach and people", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00359-00066992-00067103": "really love the pool i'm more of a pool", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00360-00067104-00067319": "guy and yeah the swim up bar this is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00361-00067320-00067559": "what seals the deal for me i love the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00362-00067560-00067799": "swim out bar here because well it's you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00363-00067800-00067959": "get to be in the pool and have your", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00364-00067960-00068167": "drinks and yes your drink package works", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00365-00068168-00068367": "there as well you can't go wrong with", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00366-00068368-00068519": "the waste lagoon i think it's really fun", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00367-00068520-00068606": "and of course if you don't want to go", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00368-00068607-00068711": "swimming but you still want to go to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00369-00068712-00068894": "swim a bar but they have a dry side as", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00370-00068895-00069071": "well as you can go hang out at and wait", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00371-00069072-00069263": "to people who are in the pool area", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00372-00069264-00069455": "there's also a dj that plays here during", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00373-00069456-00069638": "the day so if you're looking for live", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00374-00069639-00069823": "music in the sense of a dj music i", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00375-00069824-00069975": "should say then you're going to have a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00376-00069976-00070199": "great time here at the swim up bar in", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00377-00070200-00070382": "the oasis lagoon and as the day", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00378-00070383-00070535": "progressed certainly in the afternoon", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00379-00070536-00070775": "you got a lot more uh tunes going there", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00380-00070776-00070894": "are also commanders you can rent and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00381-00070895-00071015": "those do cost extra just like the other", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00382-00071016-00071223": "cabanas we saw at chill island all right", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00383-00071224-00071399": "let's head down the path from oasis", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00384-00071400-00071711": "lagoon and next up we've got the cocoa", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00385-00071712-00071982": "beach club so royal caribbean built a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00386-00071983-00072215": "new area of the perfect day of cookie", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00387-00072216-00072462": "island that is just for folks who want", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00388-00072463-00072631": "to have a little bit of a enhanced", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00389-00072632-00072815": "experience a little splurge and this is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00390-00072816-00072926": "the cocoa beach club so the cocoa beach", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00391-00072927-00073111": "club costs extras extra cost for", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00392-00073112-00073271": "admission here and what the beach club", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00393-00073272-00073535": "gets you is an exclusive area just for", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00394-00073536-00073726": "you the cocoa beach club includes an", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00395-00073727-00073887": "infinity pool there's a bar there's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00396-00073888-00074062": "actually a whole restaurant just for you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00397-00074063-00074271": "as well and of course a private beach to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00398-00074272-00074519": "enjoy and i got to tell you this is a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00399-00074520-00074711": "really fun area to hang out in it's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00400-00074712-00074967": "really meant for people who truly value", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00401-00074968-00075087": "going somewhere exclusive there's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00402-00075088-00075271": "limited capacity here so there will only", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00403-00075272-00075415": "be about 200 or so guests that can", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00404-00075416-00075687": "purchase day passes to the cocoa beach", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00405-00075688-00075823": "club in addition anybody who there's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00406-00075824-00076006": "cabanas as well and those people can go", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00407-00076007-00076111": "there so you're roughly talking about", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00408-00076112-00076326": "400 people maximum i don't know i only", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00409-00076327-00076487": "could otherwise handle 9 to 12 000", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00410-00076488-00076735": "people so this is really for folks that", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00411-00076736-00076862": "say you know what i wanted a little bit", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00412-00076863-00077079": "extra to be able to have an exclusive", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00413-00077080-00077199": "area and this infinity pool is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00414-00077200-00077343": "absolutely stunning by the way you know", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00415-00077344-00077526": "i love the oasis lagoon but this is as", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00416-00077527-00077743": "pretty as it looks and again as a pool", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00417-00077744-00077926": "guy it's really nice to have but there", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00418-00077927-00078143": "is an expansive beach area that you can", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00419-00078144-00078255": "choose from as well the nice thing about", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00420-00078256-00078447": "the cocoa beach club is the chairs here", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00421-00078448-00078550": "at the cocoa beach club are also a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00422-00078551-00078687": "little more paddle more luxurious kind", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00423-00078688-00078879": "of like the solarium in the solarium", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00424-00078880-00078999": "where they're just a little bit nicer", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00425-00079000-00079103": "and certainly you're gonna find that at", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00426-00079104-00079255": "cocoa beach in fact everything is just a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00427-00079256-00079487": "little bit nicer at the cocoa beach club", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00428-00079488-00079694": "because it is just it's got that resort", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00429-00079695-00079967": "style feel to it and it's just nice to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00430-00079968-00080094": "have sometimes a little bit something", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00431-00080095-00080255": "nicer right a little bit extra get a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00432-00080256-00080406": "little bit extra that's essentially the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00433-00080407-00080638": "idea behind the cocoa beach club and it", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00434-00080639-00080943": "is a great spot for the day and for me i", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00435-00080944-00081150": "go here certainly for the nice upgraded", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00436-00081151-00081343": "amenities but for me it's always about", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00437-00081344-00081526": "the restaurant which we'll talk about in", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00438-00081527-00081679": "just a minute but you've got to look", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00439-00081680-00081855": "here at the beach and we're back here", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00440-00081856-00082031": "there's also a deck area to enjoy so", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00441-00082032-00082175": "maybe you just want to hang out if the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00442-00082176-00082303": "weather is kind of nice there's a nice", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00443-00082304-00082479": "breeze i actually like sitting here and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00444-00082480-00082647": "having a drink and kind of taking it all", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00445-00082648-00082887": "in so there's a lot to enjoy at the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00446-00082888-00083103": "cocoa beach club but for me the biggest", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00447-00083104-00083255": "thing you're going to find is the cocoa", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00448-00083256-00083447": "beach club restaurant which is included", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00449-00083448-00083647": "with your admission into the cocoa beach", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00450-00083648-00083926": "club itself and the restaurant has bar", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00451-00083927-00084094": "none some of the best food i've had on", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00452-00084095-00084206": "any royal caribbean ship whether you're", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00453-00084207-00084367": "on an island or not usually when you're", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00454-00084368-00084535": "on an island you kind of say well the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00455-00084536-00084671": "food's not gonna be that good you know", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00456-00084672-00084911": "it's just barbecue this has got really", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00457-00084912-00085111": "truly fine dining at the restaurant", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00458-00085112-00085238": "whether you're talking about filet", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00459-00085239-00085462": "mignon you're talking about lobster", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00460-00085463-00085647": "you're talking about a freshly prepared", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00461-00085648-00085823": "chicken and the appetizers are", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00462-00085824-00086047": "unbelievable i gotta say the hummus and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00463-00086048-00086303": "the baba ganoush here are amazing so", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00464-00086304-00086438": "good i have dreams about this i wish i", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00465-00086439-00086647": "could be eating it right now but this", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00466-00086648-00086838": "i'm gonna say this right now the food at", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00467-00086839-00087023": "the cocoa beach club might be worth the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00468-00087024-00087311": "cost of admission it is that darn good", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00469-00087312-00087550": "and yes you can't skip dessert the rum", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00470-00087551-00087782": "cake really is impressive oh that", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00471-00087783-00088071": "brownie yes please more of that it's so", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00472-00088072-00088206": "good i mean if it looks good it really", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00473-00088207-00088367": "is good all right i did mention by the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00474-00088368-00088479": "way there are cabanas and there's two", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00475-00088480-00088647": "types of bananas at the cocoa beach club", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00476-00088648-00088831": "one is the standard beach cabana so this", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00477-00088832-00088943": "is kind of like the other cabanas you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00478-00088944-00089135": "found at chill island and the oasis", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00479-00089136-00089335": "lagoon but there's also the floating", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00480-00089336-00089487": "cabanas as well but the beach cabanas", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00481-00089488-00089575": "we'll get to the floating bananas in a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00482-00089576-00089894": "second the beach cabanas are a a little", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00483-00089895-00090079": "bit larger area you've also got a mini", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00484-00090080-00090311": "bar which you wouldn't find in the other", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00485-00090312-00090479": "cabanas on the island now the minibar", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00486-00090480-00090591": "still costs extra whether you have a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00487-00090592-00090750": "drink package that's included that's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00488-00090751-00090887": "fine but just keep that in mind the nice", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00489-00090888-00091038": "thing they do have some hammocks as well", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00490-00091039-00091279": "to enjoy at the beach cabanas and you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00491-00091280-00091399": "know the nice thing about these cabanas", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00492-00091400-00091582": "by the way is if you buy a cabana", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00493-00091583-00091767": "admission to the beach club is included", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00494-00091768-00091911": "but i'd be remiss if we didn't talk", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00495-00091912-00092103": "about the floating cabanas the floating", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00496-00092104-00092262": "cabanas are royal caribbean's attempt at", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00497-00092263-00092487": "bringing a little bit of bora bora to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00498-00092488-00092694": "the bahamas and they are as they", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00499-00092695-00092991": "describe it a floating cabana this is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00500-00092992-00093206": "the largest cabana you can book at", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00501-00093207-00093423": "perfect day cookie they can accommodate", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00502-00093424-00093559": "eight people but you can actually get up", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00503-00093560-00093735": "to 10 people if you get admission for", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00504-00093736-00093911": "two other people to come in here they", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00505-00093912-00094311": "are super fun if it looks awesome it is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00506-00094312-00094447": "really impressive because you got the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00507-00094448-00094679": "water slide you've got a floating", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00508-00094680-00094935": "hammock to enjoy and of course plenty of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00509-00094936-00095126": "great service while you're here and the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00510-00095127-00095303": "water slide is functional you just dump", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00511-00095304-00095455": "a bucket of water on there and you go", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00512-00095456-00095655": "sliding down right into the ocean the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00513-00095656-00095823": "floating hammock also i know is my", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00514-00095824-00096047": "youtube editor jenna's favorite thing", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00515-00096048-00096231": "about the floating cabana there's also a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00516-00096232-00096415": "fresh water shower if you need to rinse", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00517-00096416-00096574": "off especially before you leave to go", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00518-00096575-00096687": "back to the ship it's nice to be able to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00519-00096688-00096838": "do that and as i mentioned there's also", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00520-00096839-00097062": "a mini bar at these cabanas as well if", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00521-00097063-00097231": "you drink package it's included and if", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00522-00097232-00097438": "not you can pay for it as you go", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00523-00097439-00097638": "really the floating cabanas are the most", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00524-00097639-00097838": "luxurious option you're gonna find and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00525-00097839-00098006": "the nice thing about it is they get that", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00526-00098007-00098135": "service there so they're going to bring", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00527-00098136-00098279": "you everything you want you want to have", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00528-00098280-00098511": "lunch you want to have drinks they bring", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00529-00098512-00098774": "it all to you in short you never have to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00530-00098775-00099023": "leave the floating cabana which makes it", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00531-00099024-00099318": "such a fun awesome place to go and the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00532-00099319-00099511": "ambiance is truly what makes it so", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00533-00099512-00099679": "cheers to a floating event they're not", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00534-00099680-00099871": "they're not cheap but if you've got a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00535-00099872-00100087": "group it might not be a terrible idea", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00536-00100088-00100167": "especially if you're looking to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00537-00100168-00100382": "celebrate the food again amazing it's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00538-00100383-00100550": "the same food you get the cocoa beach", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00539-00100551-00100750": "club restaurant but delivered right to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00540-00100751-00100823": "you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00541-00100824-00101094": "and it is just a real big hit i've gone", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00542-00101095-00101367": "here a couple different times and it is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00543-00101368-00101543": "not cheap but every time we go here we", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00544-00101544-00101759": "say yep this was worth it it was a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00545-00101760-00101918": "really cool visit", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00546-00101919-00102062": "all right and we've had our fill of the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00547-00102063-00102206": "cocoa beach club i've never really had", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00548-00102207-00102367": "my phillip but we're gonna head on out", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00549-00102368-00102494": "of here and check out some of the other", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00550-00102495-00102686": "things you could do at perfect day at", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00551-00102688-00102918": "coco key and uh yeah your eyes are not", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00552-00102919-00103063": "deceiving you there is actually the up", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00553-00103064-00103254": "up and away helium balloon ride this", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00554-00103255-00103423": "does have an additional cost as well and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00555-00103424-00103551": "the balloon will take you up weather", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00556-00103552-00103790": "permitting and give you a fantastic view", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00557-00103791-00104078": "all around perfect day at coco key again", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00558-00104079-00104215": "weather permitting but when it goes up", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00559-00104216-00104447": "it's an amazing view next up is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00560-00104448-00104630": "skipper's grill so very similar to chill", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00561-00104631-00104823": "grill you've got a lot of different food", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00562-00104824-00105039": "options here as well to enjoy the menu", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00563-00105040-00105199": "actually is very similar and it's all", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00564-00105200-00105390": "complimentary here at skipper's grill so", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00565-00105391-00105527": "it really doesn't matter which location", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00566-00105528-00105631": "you choose from something nice that you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00567-00105632-00105743": "have at skipper's grill is actually a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00568-00105744-00105943": "self-service heineken dispenser yeah it", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00569-00105944-00106047": "costs actually you can see there's your", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00570-00106048-00106239": "c-pass card reader but you get to fill", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00571-00106240-00106358": "it up yourself which is kind of a neat", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00572-00106359-00106471": "little thing you might not have known", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00573-00106472-00106639": "about but they got the sandwiches salads", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00574-00106640-00106831": "burgers hot dogs same thing you would", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00575-00106832-00107023": "have found elsewhere and a guest a bar", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00576-00107024-00107223": "at the skipper's grill so really what", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00577-00107224-00107358": "it's about when you're choosing between", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00578-00107359-00107502": "skipper's grill or chill grill or any of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00579-00107503-00107702": "these other place stack shack is what's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00580-00107703-00107863": "closer to you something i really like", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00581-00107864-00108063": "about skipper's grill is the deck area", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00582-00108064-00108231": "where you can sit and enjoy and sit by", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00583-00108232-00108399": "the water just you know maybe not so", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00584-00108400-00108590": "much sand in the way really really nice", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00585-00108591-00108734": "and this also gives you a great view of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00586-00108735-00108966": "harbor beach so harvard beach is a beach", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00587-00108967-00109247": "area that is kind of in the inner inlet", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00588-00109248-00109510": "of perfect day at coco key so it's great", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00589-00109511-00109719": "if you don't have strong swimmers", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00590-00109720-00109886": "because there's no waves here it's a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00591-00109888-00110078": "little man-made harbor and so it is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00592-00110079-00110319": "ocean water but what's great about it is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00593-00110320-00110471": "there's no waves so it's great for you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00594-00110472-00110607": "got young children or anyone that's just", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00595-00110608-00110790": "not a strong swimmer at all it's kind of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00596-00110791-00111175": "a nicer more calm beach area and another", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00597-00111176-00111454": "option to enjoy and yes the harbor bay", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00598-00111455-00111623": "is actually included there's no", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00599-00111624-00111983": "additional cost there as well", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00600-00111983-00112110": "all right friends now that we've done a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00601-00112111-00112254": "lot of the chilling it's time for some", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00602-00112255-00112407": "of the thrilling and we got to have some", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00603-00112408-00112671": "fun in the water and uh we're going to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00604-00112672-00112886": "be talking about of course let's start", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00605-00112888-00112990": "with the kids first because there's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00606-00112991-00113158": "actually complementary", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00607-00113159-00113415": "fun for the kids so splash away bay is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00608-00113416-00113607": "included with no additional cost and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00609-00113608-00113871": "this is an area for kids to really enjoy", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00610-00113872-00113983": "at with no additional cost kind of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00611-00113983-00114127": "similar to the splash bay you find on", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00612-00114128-00114351": "cruise ships there's little mini slides", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00613-00114352-00114647": "there's sprayers there's buckets to dump", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00614-00114648-00114871": "water on you and you know what it's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00615-00114872-00114990": "really meant for kids a little bit", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00616-00114991-00115183": "younger but for the right cause it's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00617-00115183-00115310": "actually great and yes there are benches", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00618-00115311-00115478": "and chairs sit down for the adults to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00619-00115479-00115719": "kind of relax as well and it's not too", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00620-00115720-00115902": "far from for the parents as well captain", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00621-00115903-00116143": "jax captain jax is a bar area so you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00622-00116144-00116263": "know obviously costs extra but what i", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00623-00116264-00116454": "love about it is there's live music and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00624-00116455-00116558": "there are wings and fries the winning", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00625-00116559-00116695": "surprises do cost section it's one of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00626-00116696-00116927": "the few food items on the island that", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00627-00116928-00117054": "has an additional cost to it but if", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00628-00117055-00117247": "you're in the mood for chicken wings or", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00629-00117248-00117478": "fries these are evidently very very good", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00630-00117479-00117671": "and there is live music performed during", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00631-00117672-00117839": "the day as well if you want some", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00632-00117840-00117983": "live music perform but i really like the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00633-00117983-00118207": "deck area there's a lot of shade so it's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00634-00118208-00118319": "really nice you want to break from the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00635-00118320-00118454": "beach i like going here actually before", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00636-00118455-00118615": "i go back to the ship as kind of one", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00637-00118616-00118831": "more drink on the island type area but", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00638-00118832-00119023": "it's absolutely beautiful great breeze", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00639-00119024-00119295": "here as well usually and it's a fun spot", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00640-00119296-00119566": "to hang out", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00641-00119567-00119727": "also included and with no additional", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00642-00119728-00119927": "cost is captain jill's galleon so this", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00643-00119928-00120183": "is another splash area for children and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00644-00120183-00120327": "they can go and there's little water", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00645-00120328-00120527": "slides there's geysers it's kind of a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00646-00120528-00120839": "fun climbing splashing area", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00647-00120840-00121031": "kids really love it and in fact even my", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00648-00121032-00121207": "older kids like stopping here for just a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00649-00121208-00121358": "little bit but if you're looking for", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00650-00121359-00121583": "something a little bit more", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00651-00121583-00121783": "fun a little more an additional level", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00652-00121783-00121983": "thrill water park thrill water park is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00653-00121983-00122127": "an additional cost experience so there", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00654-00122128-00122295": "you have to pay a pass for everybody to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00655-00122296-00122623": "go in here but this is where you go for", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00656-00122624-00123007": "all the amazing water slides wave pool", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00657-00123008-00123271": "this is incredible so thrill water park", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00658-00123272-00123454": "has a number of water slides to choose", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00659-00123455-00123671": "from and there are different levels of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00660-00123672-00123847": "thrill here you can have the really tall", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00661-00123848-00124014": "water slides these lily pads you see", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00662-00124015-00124207": "here are part of the adventure pool and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00663-00124208-00124463": "there's various levels of excitement and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00664-00124464-00124575": "thrills where you got young children", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00665-00124576-00124807": "older children use the adult there's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00666-00124808-00124983": "plenty to do here and my kids actually", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00667-00124983-00125158": "love the adventure pool because you get", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00668-00125159-00125358": "to go on the rope swing you get to go up", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00669-00125359-00125575": "the rock climbing wall in the water by", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00670-00125576-00125814": "the way uh try your chances at getting", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00671-00125815-00125999": "across lily pads without falling in kind", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00672-00126000-00126158": "of a fun thing to do i love that they", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00673-00126159-00126295": "added this because it's just something", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00674-00126296-00126495": "different it's not just water slides but", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00675-00126496-00126751": "yes there are some amazing water slides", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00676-00126752-00127054": "raft slides mat racer slides regular", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00677-00127055-00127295": "body slides there's a lot so there's two", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00678-00127296-00127510": "towers at the thrill water park one is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00679-00127511-00127631": "the family tower which is what you're", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00680-00127632-00127807": "seeing right now and the other is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00681-00127808-00127951": "daredevil's peak we'll get to that in a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00682-00127952-00128166": "second but when you're at the family", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00683-00128167-00128319": "tower slide you've got the giant raft", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00684-00128320-00128447": "slide you've got some tube slides you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00685-00128448-00128647": "can enjoy and also the mat racers and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00686-00128648-00128751": "it's really nice but if you can get up", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00687-00128752-00128951": "to daredevil's peak which is the tallest", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00688-00128952-00129134": "water slide in north america which by", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00689-00129135-00129310": "the way is a hike up there but once you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00690-00129311-00129534": "go down there it's truly incredible they", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00691-00129535-00129758": "have uh dairy devils peak and they also", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00692-00129759-00129975": "have drop water slides but my favorite", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00693-00129976-00130151": "part of all thrill water park is right", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00694-00130152-00130334": "here at the wave pool i'm a sucker for a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00695-00130335-00130510": "good wave pool this one is really good", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00696-00130511-00130702": "especially if you go over on the sides", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00697-00130703-00130919": "you'll find a lot of big waves and there", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00698-00130920-00131063": "are thrill waterpark advantages you can", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00699-00131064-00131159": "rent as well the nice thing about the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00700-00131160-00131343": "water park cabanas is they include", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00701-00131344-00131599": "admission to the water park so unlike", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00702-00131600-00131759": "other cabanas which just give you the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00703-00131760-00131935": "cabana which is great in itself this one", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00704-00131936-00132127": "actually has more value to it because it", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00705-00132128-00132311": "can get you admission into the water", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00706-00132312-00132495": "park which i absolutely love and again", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00707-00132496-00132702": "the wave pool is just a lot of fun", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00708-00132703-00132854": "if you just want to take it easy if you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00709-00132855-00132999": "got younger kids you can sit out by the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00710-00133000-00133127": "end of it but if you're looking for the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00711-00133128-00133343": "big big waves go in deep and go to the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00712-00133344-00133478": "sides as well", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00713-00133479-00133639": "also located in thrill water park is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00714-00133640-00133759": "another snack shack location there's", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00715-00133760-00133951": "actually three snack shack locations on", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00716-00133952-00134175": "the island and uh this is the second one", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00717-00134176-00134319": "the third one is actually at south beach", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00718-00134320-00134519": "which was not open during our visit", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00719-00134520-00134639": "because the cruise line was still", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00720-00134640-00134766": "restarting operations and it wasn't", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00721-00134767-00134975": "necessary but south beach is essentially", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00722-00134976-00135263": "a lot like the other beaches it's kind", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00723-00135264-00135447": "of just a relaxing area so we'll have to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00724-00135448-00135607": "get that in another video but here by", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00725-00135608-00135814": "the way is the famous chicken sandwich", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00726-00135815-00135935": "the secret sandwich so you've got the", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00727-00135936-00136095": "chicken sandwich with you've got", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00728-00136096-00136287": "mozzarella sticks on top of it marinara", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00729-00136288-00136551": "sauce it is so good it's a giant meal by", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00730-00136552-00136719": "the way but it is my favorite thing to", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00731-00136720-00136990": "get at perfect day at coco key and of", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00732-00136991-00137135": "course restrooms you can change into at", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00733-00137136-00137319": "the water park which is really helpful", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00734-00137320-00137527": "showers as well so that way again you do", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00735-00137528-00137719": "all the fun there you want to rinse off", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00736-00137720-00137887": "maybe drop yourself off in the lockers", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00737-00137888-00137975": "you've got this this is all", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00738-00137976-00138166": "complimentary as part of your admission", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00739-00138167-00138454": "into thrill waterpark", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00740-00138455-00138631": "overall i'm really happy with what", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00741-00138632-00138775": "thrill waterpark has to offer it's a lot", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00742-00138776-00138983": "of fun my kids absolutely love it we go", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00743-00138984-00139263": "here all the time it is that impressive", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00744-00139264-00139407": "and then eventually", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00745-00139408-00139575": "it's time to say goodbye to perfect coco", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00746-00139576-00139743": "key but i got to tell you this is an", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00747-00139744-00139878": "amazing day experience and the great", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00748-00139879-00140063": "thing about perfect day cookie is you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00749-00140064-00140223": "don't spend any money to enjoy what", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00750-00140224-00140414": "perfect day at cookie has to offer but", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00751-00140415-00140535": "if you choose to there are some", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00752-00140536-00140671": "additional options and there's something", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00753-00140672-00140831": "for everyone that's what i absolutely", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00754-00140832-00140975": "love about what they've done here at", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00755-00140976-00141199": "perfect day coca-cola water park chill", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00756-00141200-00141527": "island the beach the oasis lagoon you've", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00757-00141528-00141759": "got it all here and the great thing is", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00758-00141760-00141951": "it is part of many many cruise", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00759-00141952-00142119": "itineraries if you get a chance to visit", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00760-00142120-00142254": "perfect day cooking hope you found this", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00761-00142255-00142414": "video helpful if you did make sure you", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00762-00142415-00142590": "like this video subscribe to our channel", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00763-00142591-00142759": "and turn on your notifications so that", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00764-00142760-00142887": "way real quick let you know we have a", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00765-00142888-00143054": "brand new video to share this has been", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00766-00143055-00143223": "matt from royal caribbean blog.com and", "0gfsAAnDl1U-00767-00143224-00143608": "we'll talk again real soon"}}, {"audio_id": "0gvcSUoGlXu", "text": {"0gvcSUoGlXu-00000-00000000-00005713": "oh that was messy good lord", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00001-00005714-00007319": "okay yeah oh right that was any cogs no", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00002-00007320-00007845": "cogs okay", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00003-00007845-00008062": "right it doesn't look like there's any", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00004-00008063-00008641": "way to go down there I'm gonna have to", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00005-00008642-00010750": "go over cool feeling I am running a bit", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00006-00010751-00011016": "low on supplies aren't I", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00007-00011017-00011686": "well I don't I don't trust these all", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00008-00011687-00012489": "those yeah nope nope", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00009-00012490-00013263": "aha okay", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00010-00013263-00014366": "yeah I kind of don't trust anything yeah", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00011-00014366-00014947": "because yeah it's a", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00012-00014949-00015751": "Dwemer tech can't trust it", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00013-00015752-00016458": "oh yeah that reminds me I forgot about I", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00014-00016459-00017068": "got to charge I've got to charge was", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00015-00017069-00017638": "line back up where is it there Lestrade", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00016-00017639-00018557": "please yes well do", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00017-00018558-00019727": "Oh", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00018-00019728-00019938": "nobody up there it looks like but", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00019-00019939-00020747": "there's someone down yeah oh yeah do I'm", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00020-00020748-00022033": "a coin huh this is called a do mock I", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00021-00022034-00023052": "believe I know what I need right now are", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00022-00023053-00023969": "potions of healing and join the cogs", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00023-00023970-00024376": "Oh", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00024-00024377-00025051": "Fulmer probably now there's a culture I", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00025-00025052-00025873": "haven't studied much not entirely", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00026-00025874-00026086": "certain what happened to that there's", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00027-00026087-00026560": "more great I'm not entirely certain what", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00028-00026561-00026962": "happened to the former only that the", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00029-00026963-00027505": "yeah the Dwemer really did the monastic", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00030-00027506-00028719": "I would say yeah I'll do the amethyst", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00031-00028720-00029068": "okay I need to put something I really", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00032-00029069-00029332": "want to keep my old sword it's a little", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00033-00029333-00029698": "bit heavy but oh dear", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00034-00029699-00030456": "ah yeah the well there's your problem", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00035-00030457-00030802": "now I'm glad the ancient Nord this one's", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00036-00030802-00031304": "a little bit different", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00037-00031305-00031583": "so I am going to store that in there as", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00038-00031583-00032068": "well as this because why would I need to", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00039-00032069-00032536": "use that the answer is you don't really", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00040-00032537-00033436": "there wasn't another one wait", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00041-00033437-00034267": "hmm right the the Dwemer did the", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00042-00034268-00035018": "Manistee they had to cog and anyone I", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00043-00035019-00035224": "don't really need to be carrying around", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00044-00035225-00035628": "a whole bunch of do marks I don't think", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00045-00035629-00036678": "no no I don't II oh you poor thing ah I", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00046-00036679-00037084": "I don't I can't recall ever seeing a", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00047-00037085-00037360": "farmer face-to-face before I feel like I", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00048-00037361-00037477": "would have remembered that", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00049-00037478-00037711": "or perhaps I have and I've just scrubbed", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00050-00037712-00038119": "it from my memory that's that's a", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00051-00038120-00039060": "possibility", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00052-00039061-00039640": "okay I hear back", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00053-00039641-00041567": "I flew any room labels well not really", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00054-00041568-00042485": "oh that's quite pretty actually yeah", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00055-00042486-00043154": "that well a kind of whoa yikes be", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00056-00043155-00043349": "careful around that be careful around", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00057-00043350-00043865": "that machinery right I do believe the", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00058-00043866-00044296": "Dwemer purposefully blinded the former", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00059-00044297-00045214": "somehow and", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00060-00045215-00045762": "they never really recovered from it", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00061-00045763-00047871": "speaking of which", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00062-00047872-00048515": "jeez", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00063-00048516-00049252": "yeah okay he backed me into the corner", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00064-00049253-00049752": "there I'm gonna stop picking up those", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00065-00049753-00049927": "soul gems I don't really need them for", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00066-00049928-00051279": "anything not yet", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00067-00051279-00051482": "yeah he backed me into a corner I don't", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00068-00051483-00051692": "that's a that was a bad move on my part", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00069-00051694-00052548": "I really should", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00070-00052549-00052722": "well I heard something I'm not sure", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00071-00052723-00052911": "would but something shifted down in the", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00072-00052912-00054358": "depths it was a bit disconcerting", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00073-00054359-00054701": "we must be getting into more farmer", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00074-00054702-00054908": "territory because all of the Dwemer", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00075-00054909-00055127": "stuff is kind of destroyed right the", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00076-00055128-00057510": "McBee hi come on back", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00077-00057511-00057866": "come on", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00078-00057866-00059121": "Marius all right well that worked", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00079-00059122-00059354": "oh that's right I know a healing spell", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00080-00059355-00060057": "now I'm gonna have to work on that I", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00081-00060058-00060404": "think I just completely forgot that I", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00082-00060405-00060680": "could do that right where's Valentine", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00083-00060682-00061221": "you that please I need to have that one", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00084-00061222-00062198": "on active memory", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00085-00062199-00063309": "do the bow is HAP has why I don't", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00086-00063310-00064100": "ooh oh good", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00087-00064101-00064782": "the bastards poison their weapons aha", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00088-00064783-00065607": "I see not good", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00089-00065608-00065929": "we all know how well poison and I get", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00090-00065930-00066487": "along before I got interrupted by a year", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00091-00066488-00067231": "Fulmer creeping around yep there's more", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00092-00067232-00067528": "I was going to say I really need to get", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00093-00067529-00067672": "someone to teach me how to fight", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00094-00067673-00068172": "properly because at the moment I'm just", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00095-00068173-00069040": "kind of winging it and", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00096-00069041-00071470": "yeah hi there's one oh well Archer", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00097-00071471-00072800": "wanted out nope uh why do we why do we", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00098-00072801-00073868": "don't breaker huh fun nice decoration", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00099-00073869-00074098": "there", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00100-00074099-00074425": "yikes", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00101-00074426-00074669": "yeah I'd rather get up and personal with", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00102-00074670-00075712": "the was the archers because chances are", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00103-00075713-00076044": "they they'll hit the armor and not me", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00104-00076045-00076412": "which I am perfectly okay with it's not", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00105-00076413-00076843": "really a lot in there", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00106-00076844-00077493": "sure", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00107-00077494-00077691": "this place is starting to a nerve me a", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00108-00077692-00079147": "little bit god there's poisoner right", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00109-00079148-00080175": "how many did I need for him", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00110-00080176-00080811": "wait I did that backwards hang on", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00111-00080812-00081857": "no I need to do this", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00112-00081858-00083317": "right I only needed ten crap alright", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00113-00083318-00083977": "well", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00114-00083978-00084412": "I will endeavor to get more all the way", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00115-00084413-00085324": "back out how about that", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00116-00085325-00085681": "how is anything growing down I don't", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00117-00085682-00086347": "know I don't really oh this looks like a", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00118-00086348-00087372": "bad time oh gods", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00119-00087373-00087716": "ooh", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00120-00087717-00088506": "they are shoulder blades and ribs and", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00121-00088507-00089123": "whatever that thing is", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00122-00089124-00089374": "huh", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00123-00089375-00089562": "that's actually kind of interesting", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00124-00089563-00090004": "isn't it it's a little it's like a totem", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00125-00090005-00090696": "or something marking the territory odd", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00126-00090697-00091048": "I'm not entirely and the fact that they", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00127-00091049-00091602": "choose one that's blue", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00128-00091603-00091851": "there's something there's something", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00129-00091852-00092298": "about this little totem thingy that I'm", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00130-00092299-00092831": "going to make a note of it and possibly", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00131-00092832-00093261": "figure out what it means later if I can", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00132-00093262-00093516": "I feel like it has something to do with", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00133-00093517-00093912": "the Oh", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00134-00093913-00095538": "oh no", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00135-00095539-00096397": "hey did yet I was about to say before I", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00136-00096398-00097129": "got interrupted by angry Soros hello no", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00137-00097130-00098401": "I see them", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00138-00098402-00099606": "right let me just do that real quick I", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00139-00099607-00099949": "was going to say that I think it has", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00140-00099950-00100538": "something to do with the god Oriole and", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00141-00100539-00101835": "his Eagle aspects oh dear what's in here", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00142-00101836-00103230": "gross okay enough of that no more of", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00143-00103231-00103619": "that oh right okay that's going back", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00144-00103620-00104440": "yeah why am i carrying an onion why am i", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00145-00104441-00105073": "carrying two onions yeah I don't really", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00146-00105074-00105583": "care actually but I think it has", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00147-00105583-00105874": "something to do with the was the Eagle", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00148-00105875-00106393": "aspects of Oriel", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00149-00106394-00107070": "oh I guess I did kill it right but it's", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00150-00107071-00107464": "or the something to do with stars it's", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00151-00107465-00108196": "something that the aliens I'm just gonna", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00152-00108197-00108510": "hang out here for a moment something", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00153-00108511-00108676": "that the aliens did too", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00154-00108677-00109267": "not the not that specifically but yeah", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00155-00109268-00109464": "Oriol and whatnot", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00156-00109465-00109966": "yeah gods I'm not looking forward to the", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00157-00109967-00110664": "rest of this", "0gvcSUoGlXu-00158-00110665-00111472": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0g_wtAQ8BHc", "text": {"0g_wtAQ8BHc-00000-00000171-00000794": "[Music]", "0g_wtAQ8BHc-00001-00000795-00000943": "[Music]", "0g_wtAQ8BHc-00002-00000944-00001357": "so", "0g_wtAQ8BHc-00003-00001358-00001663": "[Music]", "0g_wtAQ8BHc-00004-00001664-00001872": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0gepFoGCF7k", "text": {"0gepFoGCF7k-00000-00000000-00000607": "[Music]", "0gepFoGCF7k-00001-00000608-00000989": "did you know that 20 of our trash is", "0gepFoGCF7k-00002-00000990-00001223": "food waste at Ramsey County we want to", "0gepFoGCF7k-00003-00001224-00001391": "help keep food scraps out of the trash", "0gepFoGCF7k-00004-00001392-00001679": "with our free collection program here's", "0gepFoGCF7k-00005-00001680-00001829": "how it works", "0gepFoGCF7k-00006-00001830-00002117": "at home collect food scraps like breads", "0gepFoGCF7k-00007-00002118-00002392": "pasta and other grains", "0gepFoGCF7k-00008-00002393-00002633": "coffee grounds and filters dairy", "0gepFoGCF7k-00009-00002634-00002933": "products eggs and eggshells fruit and", "0gepFoGCF7k-00010-00002934-00003238": "vegetable scraps meat and bones how", "0gepFoGCF7k-00011-00003239-00003479": "about plastic now", "0gepFoGCF7k-00012-00003479-00003899": "diapers no metal or glass", "0gepFoGCF7k-00013-00003900-00004031": "no", "0gepFoGCF7k-00014-00004032-00004288": "dog poop no", "0gepFoGCF7k-00015-00004289-00004654": "spoiled Foods actually yes", "0gepFoGCF7k-00016-00004655-00004847": "find a leak-proof container and then", "0gepFoGCF7k-00017-00004848-00005063": "line it with a compostable bag provided", "0gepFoGCF7k-00018-00005064-00005386": "for free by Ramsey County only use bags", "0gepFoGCF7k-00019-00005387-00005615": "with this logo", "0gepFoGCF7k-00020-00005616-00005836": "then find one of our several collection", "0gepFoGCF7k-00021-00005837-00006029": "sites located throughout the county and", "0gepFoGCF7k-00022-00006030-00006227": "drop your filled compostable bag in the", "0gepFoGCF7k-00023-00006228-00006478": "food scraps dumpster drop off your food", "0gepFoGCF7k-00024-00006479-00006719": "scraps at least once a week to avoid", "0gepFoGCF7k-00025-00006720-00006946": "odor and pest issues just like you would", "0gepFoGCF7k-00026-00006947-00007156": "with your regular trash these food", "0gepFoGCF7k-00027-00007158-00007301": "scraps are hauled to an industrial", "0gepFoGCF7k-00028-00007302-00007625": "composting facility what is composting", "0gepFoGCF7k-00029-00007626-00007834": "composting is Nature's Way of recycling", "0gepFoGCF7k-00030-00007836-00008087": "and when complete creates a rich black", "0gepFoGCF7k-00031-00008088-00008303": "dirt-like material that improves soil", "0gepFoGCF7k-00032-00008304-00008651": "making it better for plants", "0gepFoGCF7k-00033-00008652-00008914": "compost site food scraps are loaded into", "0gepFoGCF7k-00034-00008915-00009178": "a mixer along with yard waste and", "0gepFoGCF7k-00035-00009179-00009401": "Blended to achieve the proper carbon to", "0gepFoGCF7k-00036-00009402-00009664": "nitrogen ratio carbon comes from the", "0gepFoGCF7k-00037-00009665-00009839": "leaves and provides energy for the", "0gepFoGCF7k-00038-00009840-00010019": "microbes that break down the material", "0gepFoGCF7k-00039-00010020-00010403": "into finished compost nitrogen comes", "0gepFoGCF7k-00040-00010404-00010667": "from the food scraps and fresh grass it", "0gepFoGCF7k-00041-00010668-00010859": "provides nutrients for the microbes to", "0gepFoGCF7k-00042-00010860-00011128": "continue growing and reproducing the", "0gepFoGCF7k-00043-00011129-00011392": "mixture is then spread into long piles", "0gepFoGCF7k-00044-00011393-00011603": "over pipes that Force air through the", "0gepFoGCF7k-00045-00011604-00011777": "mixture to provide oxygen to the", "0gepFoGCF7k-00046-00011778-00012005": "microbes the microbes go to work", "0gepFoGCF7k-00047-00012006-00012233": "breaking down the material heating up", "0gepFoGCF7k-00048-00012234-00012401": "the piles with the energy they produce", "0gepFoGCF7k-00049-00012402-00012653": "even in the middle of winter", "0gepFoGCF7k-00050-00012654-00012965": "six months later the piles cool off", "0gepFoGCF7k-00051-00012966-00013193": "the compost is now finished and ready to", "0gepFoGCF7k-00052-00013194-00013571": "be tested before it is sold", "0gepFoGCF7k-00053-00013572-00013763": "finished compost is used in gardens", "0gepFoGCF7k-00054-00013763-00014021": "landscaping and construction projects it", "0gepFoGCF7k-00055-00014022-00014201": "can help soil hold more water and", "0gepFoGCF7k-00056-00014202-00014453": "nutrients support more living organisms", "0gepFoGCF7k-00057-00014454-00014638": "help control erosion and storm water", "0gepFoGCF7k-00058-00014640-00014908": "runoff and much more compost can even", "0gepFoGCF7k-00059-00014909-00015149": "trap carbon to lessen the impact of", "0gepFoGCF7k-00060-00015150-00015299": "climate change", "0gepFoGCF7k-00061-00015300-00015538": "to learn more and find a collection site", "0gepFoGCF7k-00062-00015540-00015851": "near you go to ramseyrecycles.com Food", "0gepFoGCF7k-00063-00015852-00016453": "scraps or call 651 633 easy", "0gepFoGCF7k-00064-00016454-00016761": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0h7MoNpfR8y", "text": {"0h7MoNpfR8y-00000-00000622-00001566": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00001-00001567-00002117": "if", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00002-00002118-00002883": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00003-00002884-00003458": "it", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00004-00003459-00005670": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00005-00005671-00006185": "31 points", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00006-00006186-00007163": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00007-00007164-00008127": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00008-00008128-00009883": "big fish", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00009-00009884-00010868": "hello", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00010-00010869-00011283": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00011-00011284-00011434": "hello", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00012-00011435-00011997": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00013-00011998-00013171": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00014-00013172-00014822": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00015-00014823-00016883": "skin blue", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00016-00016884-00017804": "is", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00017-00017805-00019683": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00018-00019684-00020935": "um", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00019-00020936-00023883": "monkey monkey", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00020-00023884-00025283": "foreign", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00021-00025284-00026636": "he", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00022-00026637-00027527": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00023-00027529-00028079": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00024-00028080-00028262": "let's leave it here now okay so they", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00025-00028263-00028718": "will come in okay", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00026-00028719-00029031": "hold it up so they can see it that one", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00027-00029032-00031223": "found somewhere", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00028-00031224-00032662": "that feels so yucky", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00029-00032663-00039283": "looks like yeah", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00030-00039284-00040739": "foreign", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00031-00040740-00042083": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00032-00042084-00043518": "foreign", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00033-00043519-00046018": "you feel it", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00034-00046019-00046223": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00035-00046224-00046535": "one two three four", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00036-00046536-00048887": "yeah four zero", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00037-00048888-00051882": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00038-00051883-00054682": "yes", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00039-00054683-00054862": "okay", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00040-00054863-00055607": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00041-00055608-00056587": "they get really big", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00042-00056588-00057214": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00043-00057215-00057482": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00044-00057483-00058882": "oh", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00045-00058883-00059429": "oh", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00046-00059430-00061682": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00047-00061683-00062466": "hello", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00048-00062466-00063082": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00049-00063083-00065054": "hostage", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00050-00065054-00068759": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00051-00068760-00069224": "thank yeah", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00052-00069225-00070441": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00053-00070442-00071482": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00054-00071483-00071711": "hello", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00055-00071712-00074282": "donkey standard dawn casey donkey", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00056-00074283-00074904": "buddy", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00057-00074905-00077082": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00058-00077083-00078482": "uh", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00059-00078483-00080200": "hmm", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00060-00080201-00081282": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00061-00081283-00082682": "these", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00062-00082683-00084082": "is", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00063-00084083-00085487": "is", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00064-00085488-00085710": "come on", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00065-00085711-00086446": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00066-00086447-00089682": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00067-00089683-00091082": "foreign", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00068-00091083-00091831": "like", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00069-00091832-00093882": "come on come on", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00070-00093883-00094111": "me", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00071-00094112-00096682": "i don't have to open", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00072-00096683-00097182": "yes", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00073-00097183-00097455": "these guys get roughly six feet they", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00074-00097456-00097631": "don't usually get that big", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00075-00097632-00097950": "this is about as big", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00076-00097951-00098223": "this is a female you guys want to go", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00077-00098224-00098391": "ahead and pet her", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00078-00098392-00098782": "do you want to line up again for me", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00079-00098783-00099311": "you touch it", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00080-00099312-00099642": "super cool", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00081-00099643-00100954": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00082-00100955-00101433": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00083-00101434-00103682": "[Applause]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00084-00103683-00104557": "brothers", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00085-00104558-00105983": "[Music]", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00086-00105983-00106199": "the crocodiles would be a lot longer and", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00087-00106200-00106295": "spinnier", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00088-00106296-00106551": "alligators are more rounded out and the", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00089-00106552-00106710": "crocodiles are a lot more aggressive", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00090-00106711-00106766": "than", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00091-00106767-00107295": "the typical super cool right", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00092-00107296-00107727": "they're really rough", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00093-00107728-00109054": "that's like high numbers", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00094-00109055-00109431": "whenever your heart is broken don't ever", "0h7MoNpfR8y-00095-00109432-00109776": "forget your golden"}}, {"audio_id": "0hFWNEH4qeg", "text": {"0hFWNEH4qeg-00000-00000951-00004631": "foreign", "0hFWNEH4qeg-00001-00004632-00007814": "is", "0hFWNEH4qeg-00002-00007815-00008115": "is"}}, {"audio_id": "0hWNOpbAKrg", "text": {"0hWNOpbAKrg-00000-00000727-00000911": "all right you guys asked for it so here", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00001-00000911-00000966": "it is", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00002-00000967-00001158": "another video on federated learning", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00003-00001159-00001383": "research in this video we're going to be", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00004-00001384-00001550": "summarizing the main highlights", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00005-00001551-00001782": "of the advances and open problems in", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00006-00001784-00001982": "federated learning survey paper", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00007-00001984-00002183": "if you're new here i'm mukul and if you", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00008-00002184-00002342": "haven't come across federated learning", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00009-00002343-00002510": "i'd highly suggest you check out my", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00010-00002511-00002687": "first video on it which i have linked", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00011-00002688-00003007": "somewhere over here", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00012-00003008-00003118": "the first thing to note is that", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00013-00003119-00003375": "federated learning research isn't just", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00014-00003376-00003599": "machine learning it's interdisciplinary", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00015-00003600-00003743": "it combines techniques from machine", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00016-00003744-00003806": "learning", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00017-00003807-00004143": "cryptography security privacy fairness", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00018-00004144-00004343": "information theory and so on", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00019-00004344-00004551": "now because you the target audience are", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00020-00004552-00004670": "people who are interested in machine", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00021-00004671-00004727": "learning", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00022-00004728-00004951": "but likely haven't come across four more", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00023-00004952-00005079": "security definitions", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00024-00005080-00005247": "i'll gloss over the details of those in", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00025-00005248-00005454": "this paper but i will have a separate", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00026-00005455-00005638": "video on attacks on neural networks", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00027-00005639-00005799": "they'll be coming out next week so", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00028-00005800-00006079": "be sure to subscribe the overview of", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00029-00006080-00006231": "this video is as follows", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00030-00006232-00006399": "first we'll look at how the need for", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00031-00006400-00006542": "privacy and federated learning", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00032-00006543-00006767": "poses additional research challenges", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00033-00006768-00006903": "second we'll look at the impact of", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00034-00006904-00007031": "non-iid data", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00035-00007031-00007231": "how the client's data distribution", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00036-00007231-00007367": "differ from each other", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00037-00007368-00007510": "we'll talk about how we can personalize", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00038-00007511-00007670": "models to overcome this", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00039-00007672-00007870": "and finally we'll wrap the video up with", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00040-00007872-00008070": "the discussion of fairness in federated", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00041-00008072-00008223": "learning if that sounds great to you", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00042-00008224-00008414": "be sure to tap that like button an odd", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00043-00008415-00008591": "number of times and let's begin the", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00044-00008592-00008807": "video", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00045-00008808-00008959": "there are really two main techniques to", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00046-00008960-00009199": "preserve privacy differential privacy", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00047-00009200-00009406": "and secure aggregation differential", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00048-00009407-00009591": "privacy involves adding carefully", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00049-00009592-00009774": "selected noise to the outputs", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00050-00009775-00009974": "to ensure privacy this can either be", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00051-00009975-00010142": "done by the individual clients", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00052-00010143-00010423": "or the server level or hybrid approach", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00053-00010424-00010599": "now ideally to preserve the privacy of", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00054-00010600-00010719": "the individual clients", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00055-00010720-00010951": "we'd like to add the noise at the client", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00056-00010952-00011127": "stage so the server never sees", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00057-00011128-00011335": "the raw data however in practice it", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00058-00011336-00011487": "turns out that adding noise at the", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00059-00011488-00011567": "client level", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00060-00011568-00011751": "isn't practical because each client has", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00061-00011752-00011903": "comparatively little data", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00062-00011904-00012119": "compared to the server where adding the", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00063-00012120-00012310": "noise to a large set of updates", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00064-00012311-00012527": "doesn't impact it as much the second", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00065-00012528-00012703": "technique is secure aggregation which is", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00066-00012704-00012838": "a cryptographic technique", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00067-00012839-00013007": "that ensures that the server can only", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00068-00013008-00013175": "see the aggregate of thousands of", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00069-00013176-00013263": "updates", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00070-00013263-00013503": "rather than individual model updates and", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00071-00013504-00013671": "a bonus technique to preserve privacy", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00072-00013672-00013927": "is to add randomness in this process of", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00073-00013928-00014071": "device checking in", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00074-00014072-00014238": "or by shuffling the model updates sent", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00075-00014240-00014463": "to the server it's important to remember", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00076-00014463-00014663": "that privacy is paramount in federated", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00077-00014663-00014719": "learn", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00078-00014719-00014855": "therefore whenever we come up with any", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00079-00014856-00015038": "federated learning technique we need to", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00080-00015040-00015199": "ensure that it composes well with", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00081-00015200-00015335": "differential privacy and secure", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00082-00015336-00015422": "aggregation", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00083-00015423-00015591": "but it makes every research problem that", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00084-00015591-00015822": "much harder trying to ensure fairness", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00085-00015823-00016007": "well the ideals of fairness and privacy", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00086-00016008-00016207": "counteract each other as i discussed in", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00087-00016208-00016366": "an email newsletter i sent out to my", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00088-00016368-00016527": "subscribers a few months ago", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00089-00016528-00016750": "which you can sign up in the link below", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00090-00016751-00016927": "the techniques used to debug", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00091-00016928-00017103": "and interpret our models need to be", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00092-00017104-00017294": "adapted to work on data that we can't", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00093-00017295-00017350": "see", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00094-00017351-00017486": "and techniques to optimize the", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00095-00017487-00017655": "communication bottleneck of federated", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00096-00017656-00017783": "learning don't play nicely", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00097-00017784-00017999": "such as gradient compression and", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00098-00018000-00018175": "quantization of updates", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00099-00018176-00018447": "trying to handle straggler devices by", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00100-00018448-00018614": "letting each device asynchronously", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00101-00018615-00018703": "update the server", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00102-00018704-00018855": "rather than the server waiting for all", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00103-00018856-00019047": "devices to complete yeah it turns out", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00104-00019048-00019191": "that doesn't work so well with", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00105-00019192-00019407": "differential privacy this leads us on to", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00106-00019408-00019607": "our next point the heterogeneity of the", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00107-00019608-00019671": "client in the", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00108-00019672-00019863": "federated learning process we can no", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00109-00019864-00020030": "longer assume that data is", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00110-00020031-00020319": "iid that is independently identically", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00111-00020320-00020414": "distributed", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00112-00020415-00020535": "clients can have different data", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00113-00020536-00020719": "distributions this affects how long the", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00114-00020720-00020871": "federated learning process takes to", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00115-00020872-00020950": "converge", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00116-00020951-00021143": "as you can expect different clients with", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00117-00021144-00021271": "different distributions", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00118-00021272-00021558": "might provide opposing gradient updates", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00119-00021559-00021686": "there's a whole line of research", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00120-00021687-00021886": "analyzing the asymptotic convergence of", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00121-00021887-00021991": "these algorithms", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00122-00021992-00022158": "under different data distribution", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00123-00022159-00022358": "assumptions one way of trying to tackle", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00124-00022359-00022486": "this non-iid data", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00125-00022487-00022719": "is to try and even out the distributions", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00126-00022720-00022863": "so the clients have roughly the same", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00127-00022864-00022935": "distribution", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00128-00022936-00023119": "the f4 approach trains the generative", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00129-00023120-00023271": "model on the server which", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00130-00023272-00023471": "generates data for each of the classes", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00131-00023472-00023607": "that a given client", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00132-00023608-00023919": "is lacking but maybe non-iid data is not", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00133-00023920-00023999": "a bad thing", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00134-00024000-00024158": "and actually training a personalized", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00135-00024159-00024311": "model on each of the clients", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00136-00024312-00024558": "is not a bug but actually a feature in", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00137-00024559-00024678": "the previous video", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00138-00024679-00024847": "i discussed one such approach to", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00139-00024848-00025071": "personalization called perfect average", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00140-00025072-00025278": "which treats this as a few shot learning", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00141-00025279-00025527": "problem the idea is to train a global", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00142-00025528-00025575": "model", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00143-00025576-00025734": "that can be personalized to each of the", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00144-00025735-00025918": "clients with just a few steps of grading", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00145-00025919-00025999": "set", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00146-00026000-00026150": "as you can imagine rather than training", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00147-00026151-00026351": "one model across all clients", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00148-00026352-00026543": "or a model for each of the clients we", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00149-00026544-00026662": "can employ a", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00150-00026663-00026895": "hybrid approach so we train a model for", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00151-00026895-00027070": "each cluster of devices", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00152-00027072-00027231": "and we can determine these clusters", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00153-00027232-00027407": "based on the topology of our network", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00154-00027408-00027614": "for example you might train a model for", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00155-00027616-00027831": "users in the uk and one model for users", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00156-00027832-00027951": "in australia", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00157-00027952-00028118": "so this is an open research problem", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00158-00028119-00028295": "really now there are a lot of papers", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00159-00028295-00028390": "that look at the issue of", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00160-00028391-00028590": "privacy and federated learning and also", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00161-00028591-00028702": "personalization", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00162-00028704-00028902": "but one area of research that i think is", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00163-00028904-00029135": "vastly underrepresented right now is", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00164-00029136-00029374": "fairness fairness is an issue as the", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00165-00029375-00029543": "model we train might perform better on", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00166-00029544-00029702": "clients that have more data", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00167-00029704-00029879": "marginalizing the minorities in our", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00168-00029880-00030062": "distribution moreover the process of", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00169-00030063-00030246": "federated learning itself introduces", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00170-00030247-00030327": "biases", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00171-00030327-00030502": "whether that's favoring devices that can", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00172-00030503-00030751": "partake more often in federated learning", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00173-00030752-00030990": "or favoring faster devices as these are", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00174-00030991-00031190": "less likely to be stragglers and thus be", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00175-00031191-00031318": "dropped by a federated learning", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00176-00031319-00031383": "algorithm", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00177-00031383-00031535": "i discussed q-fed averages in the", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00178-00031536-00031735": "previous video so rather than weighting", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00179-00031736-00031831": "devices", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00180-00031832-00032062": "by the proportion of data that they have", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00181-00032063-00032183": "we penalize", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00182-00032183-00032383": "worse performing devices more", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00183-00032383-00032551": "incentivizing the model to", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00184-00032552-00032855": "improve performance on these devices", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00185-00032856-00033055": "and you can see this as we raise the", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00186-00033056-00033246": "lofts to the power of q plus one", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00187-00033247-00033471": "we can tune this high parameter q so the", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00188-00033472-00033615": "larger q is", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00189-00033616-00033887": "the more these worst performing clients", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00190-00033888-00034031": "dominate the overall loss", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00191-00034032-00034207": "and so the more fair it becomes but", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00192-00034208-00034351": "there are also other papers like", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00193-00034352-00034511": "agnostic federated learning", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00194-00034512-00034695": "which all look at trying to shape our", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00195-00034696-00034815": "overall loss function", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00196-00034816-00034990": "to incentivize our model to perform", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00197-00034991-00035159": "equally on all devices", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00198-00035160-00035318": "however there are multiple dimensions to", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00199-00035319-00035574": "fairness you might argue for meritocracy", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00200-00035575-00035767": "the devices that participate more in the", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00201-00035768-00035911": "training process should be rewarded", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00202-00035912-00035983": "accordingly", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00203-00035984-00036167": "giving better models to these devices", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00204-00036168-00036327": "would incentivize people to contribute", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00205-00036328-00036471": "to the federated learning process", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00206-00036472-00036590": "instead of holding the data for", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00207-00036591-00036671": "themselves", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00208-00036672-00036871": "so one paper introduces the idea of a", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00209-00036872-00037062": "hierarchy of models being trained", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00210-00037063-00037255": "the devices that have attributed the", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00211-00037256-00037407": "most to the data would get the best", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00212-00037408-00037511": "performing model", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00213-00037512-00037662": "whereas the devices that only barely", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00214-00037663-00037895": "perform would get the worst performed", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00215-00037896-00038030": "and there's another paper that talks", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00216-00038031-00038239": "about weighting these models based on", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00217-00038240-00038407": "the quality of the gradient updates like", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00218-00038408-00038439": "how", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00219-00038440-00038607": "useful were the gradient updates from a", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00220-00038608-00038839": "given device in training the model", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00221-00038840-00039055": "so what is a good definition of fairness", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00222-00039056-00039230": "personally i think this is more a policy", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00223-00039231-00039390": "question than a technical question", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00224-00039391-00039551": "because it really comes down to how you", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00225-00039552-00039583": "weight", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00226-00039584-00039711": "each of the stakeholders in your", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00227-00039712-00039895": "federated learning system but let me", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00228-00039896-00040007": "know what you think", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00229-00040008-00040127": "comment down below which of these", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00230-00040128-00040255": "research areas you found most", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00231-00040256-00040343": "interesting", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00232-00040344-00040487": "if you enjoyed this video be sure to", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00233-00040488-00040718": "give it a like and as i said earlier in", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00234-00040719-00040807": "the video", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00235-00040808-00041015": "i'll be covering attacks on your", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00236-00041016-00041158": "networks next week so be sure to", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00237-00041159-00041374": "subscribe and hit that notification bell", "0hWNOpbAKrg-00238-00041375-00041847": "and i'll see you next time"}}, {"audio_id": "0igEHPA_42M", "text": {"0igEHPA_42M-00000-00000039-00000311": "hey my friends uh serge ganyo here so", "0igEHPA_42M-00001-00000312-00000526": "do you want to know how to get", "0igEHPA_42M-00002-00000527-00000719": "engagement on facebook you want proof", "0igEHPA_42M-00003-00000720-00000902": "of how that works i mean a couple a", "0igEHPA_42M-00004-00000903-00001079": "couple days ago maybe a week ago or so i", "0igEHPA_42M-00005-00001080-00001215": "did another episode", "0igEHPA_42M-00006-00001216-00001470": "on getting engagement on facebook to get", "0igEHPA_42M-00007-00001471-00001566": "sales right to get", "0igEHPA_42M-00008-00001567-00001759": "the growth to get people to connect with", "0igEHPA_42M-00009-00001760-00002007": "you to get people to to see your stuff", "0igEHPA_42M-00010-00002007-00002183": "and i talked about what are the things", "0igEHPA_42M-00011-00002184-00002350": "you need to do i'm not super active on", "0igEHPA_42M-00012-00002351-00002423": "facebook", "0igEHPA_42M-00013-00002424-00002695": "it's just not what i do but the thing is", "0igEHPA_42M-00014-00002696-00002783": "that i", "0igEHPA_42M-00015-00002784-00002958": "know what to do and i'm just it's just", "0igEHPA_42M-00016-00002959-00003142": "not my focus so that's why i don't do it", "0igEHPA_42M-00017-00003143-00003199": "as much", "0igEHPA_42M-00018-00003200-00003463": "but last week i decided to start doing", "0igEHPA_42M-00019-00003464-00003615": "it now today i'm going to show you the", "0igEHPA_42M-00020-00003615-00003670": "proof", "0igEHPA_42M-00021-00003671-00003990": "that that actually is what happens when", "0igEHPA_42M-00022-00003992-00004022": "you", "0igEHPA_42M-00023-00004023-00004311": "follow these things right so we'll do", "0igEHPA_42M-00024-00004312-00004454": "that we'll talk about that in just a", "0igEHPA_42M-00025-00004455-00004638": "second but first this", "0igEHPA_42M-00026-00004639-00004959": "so the real question is this", "0igEHPA_42M-00027-00004960-00005167": "what are the strategies techniques and", "0igEHPA_42M-00028-00005168-00005383": "tools that you need to learn", "0igEHPA_42M-00029-00005384-00005622": "to generate residual income from the", "0igEHPA_42M-00030-00005623-00005870": "e-learning boom that's happening", "0igEHPA_42M-00031-00005871-00006231": "right now my name is jean serge gango", "0igEHPA_42M-00032-00006232-00006263": "and", "0igEHPA_42M-00033-00006264-00006823": "welcome the course income secrets", "0igEHPA_42M-00034-00006823-00007087": "all right so you want to know how to get", "0igEHPA_42M-00035-00007088-00007198": "engagement i'm going to prove", "0igEHPA_42M-00036-00007200-00007342": "to you that that made a difference so", "0igEHPA_42M-00037-00007343-00007527": "i'm going to show you here a page i'm", "0igEHPA_42M-00038-00007528-00007646": "going to share my screen", "0igEHPA_42M-00039-00007647-00007846": "i'm going to show you on facebook one of", "0igEHPA_42M-00040-00007847-00008070": "the posts that i did if i go to facebook", "0igEHPA_42M-00041-00008072-00008174": "over here let's just", "0igEHPA_42M-00042-00008175-00008478": "do the web okay there you go", "0igEHPA_42M-00043-00008479-00008823": "so i mean if you go through a time", "0igEHPA_42M-00044-00008824-00008935": "of your timeline right you're going to", "0igEHPA_42M-00045-00008936-00009063": "see that there's all sorts of things", "0igEHPA_42M-00046-00009064-00009183": "going on there's not", "0igEHPA_42M-00047-00009184-00009503": "there's a there's a there's um", "0igEHPA_42M-00048-00009504-00009639": "you're going to see posts of all sorts", "0igEHPA_42M-00049-00009640-00009806": "of different things right for me", "0igEHPA_42M-00050-00009807-00010142": "if i show you my page my home my", "0igEHPA_42M-00051-00010143-00010342": "my profile you're going to see that i'm", "0igEHPA_42M-00052-00010343-00010574": "not getting i'm getting some engagement", "0igEHPA_42M-00053-00010575-00010719": "some comments i'll get", "0igEHPA_42M-00054-00010720-00011055": "76 comments on this post here right", "0igEHPA_42M-00055-00011056-00011310": "talking about my profile picture what i", "0igEHPA_42M-00056-00011311-00011383": "should be", "0igEHPA_42M-00057-00011384-00011574": "choosing there's not that many here not", "0igEHPA_42M-00058-00011575-00011695": "that many here", "0igEHPA_42M-00059-00011696-00012063": "this one has just only two shares um", "0igEHPA_42M-00060-00012064-00012191": "let's just wait for the screen to load", "0igEHPA_42M-00061-00012192-00012367": "up here", "0igEHPA_42M-00062-00012368-00012886": "and you know i'm just trying to", "0igEHPA_42M-00063-00012887-00013127": "get the avatar it looks like they're", "0igEHPA_42M-00064-00013128-00013230": "they're hiding it", "0igEHPA_42M-00065-00013231-00013455": "they're not showing it to everybody it's", "0igEHPA_42M-00066-00013456-00013638": "this is weird because these are older", "0igEHPA_42M-00067-00013640-00013758": "posts", "0igEHPA_42M-00068-00013759-00013958": "it's like if my timeline doesn't have", "0igEHPA_42M-00069-00013959-00014127": "all my posts in it", "0igEHPA_42M-00070-00014128-00014358": "i actually did and i reload let's reload", "0igEHPA_42M-00071-00014359-00014615": "again because i did that earlier", "0igEHPA_42M-00072-00014616-00014863": "and that kind of cleared it up but", "0igEHPA_42M-00073-00014863-00015103": "that's really weird", "0igEHPA_42M-00074-00015104-00015438": "i posted an avatar there you go yeah so", "0igEHPA_42M-00075-00015440-00015622": "this post here is", "0igEHPA_42M-00076-00015623-00015783": "the avatar right one of the new features", "0igEHPA_42M-00077-00015784-00015935": "one of the things that i talk about in", "0igEHPA_42M-00078-00015936-00015991": "facebook", "0igEHPA_42M-00079-00015991-00016215": "is how you need to be doing they're", "0igEHPA_42M-00080-00016216-00016319": "going to be", "0igEHPA_42M-00081-00016319-00016511": "showing sharing your stuff to your", "0igEHPA_42M-00082-00016512-00016630": "friends one of the reasons", "0igEHPA_42M-00083-00016631-00016783": "why you don't get the engagement is", "0igEHPA_42M-00084-00016784-00016975": "because people aren't seeing your stuff", "0igEHPA_42M-00085-00016976-00017150": "they're not just not seeing it", "0igEHPA_42M-00086-00017151-00017319": "and how do you get people to see your", "0igEHPA_42M-00087-00017320-00017558": "stuff well you got to be using new", "0igEHPA_42M-00088-00017559-00017647": "features", "0igEHPA_42M-00089-00017648-00017799": "and then you got to be actively engaging", "0igEHPA_42M-00090-00017800-00017999": "in other people's stuff and this is a", "0igEHPA_42M-00091-00018000-00018143": "thing a couple weeks ago", "0igEHPA_42M-00092-00018144-00018350": "uh let's see what day was it one third i", "0igEHPA_42M-00093-00018351-00018614": "think it's post 133 was it", "0igEHPA_42M-00094-00018615-00018983": "no this not this one so this one no this", "0igEHPA_42M-00095-00018984-00019135": "one here", "0igEHPA_42M-00096-00019136-00019471": "um no set up your pixels", "0igEHPA_42M-00097-00019472-00019703": "130 i thought it was 133 there it is", "0igEHPA_42M-00098-00019704-00019894": "right here so how to get engagement on", "0igEHPA_42M-00099-00019895-00019999": "facebook to get", "0igEHPA_42M-00100-00020000-00020222": "sales i did that may 12th if you want to", "0igEHPA_42M-00101-00020223-00020343": "go look that up", "0igEHPA_42M-00102-00020344-00020575": "it's called how to get engagement on", "0igEHPA_42M-00103-00020576-00020743": "facebook to get sales so", "0igEHPA_42M-00104-00020744-00020958": "that was a post i explained some of the", "0igEHPA_42M-00105-00020959-00021143": "strategies and why it is that you don't", "0igEHPA_42M-00106-00021144-00021335": "get engagement on your posts because", "0igEHPA_42M-00107-00021336-00021430": "you're not", "0igEHPA_42M-00108-00021431-00021694": "creating uh you're not get you're not", "0igEHPA_42M-00109-00021695-00021839": "engaging on other people's stuff you're", "0igEHPA_42M-00110-00021840-00022014": "also not using the features", "0igEHPA_42M-00111-00022015-00022158": "because you know maybe it annoys you to", "0igEHPA_42M-00112-00022159-00022335": "see all these avatars and everything", "0igEHPA_42M-00113-00022336-00022455": "and that's one of the things you've got", "0igEHPA_42M-00114-00022456-00022671": "to be using new features 3d photos", "0igEHPA_42M-00115-00022672-00022894": "there's the avatar right now there's the", "0igEHPA_42M-00116-00022895-00023135": "uh there's the rooms", "0igEHPA_42M-00117-00023136-00023407": "you got to be using these things to get", "0igEHPA_42M-00118-00023408-00023486": "engagement", "0igEHPA_42M-00119-00023487-00023711": "on facebook if you're not using these", "0igEHPA_42M-00120-00023712-00023847": "things of course you have to be creating", "0igEHPA_42M-00121-00023848-00023999": "content regularly you have to be doing", "0igEHPA_42M-00122-00024000-00024230": "that that stuff uh posting things on", "0igEHPA_42M-00123-00024231-00024342": "facebook you got to be", "0igEHPA_42M-00124-00024343-00024639": "consistent because platforms want", "0igEHPA_42M-00125-00024640-00024775": "consistency if you", "0igEHPA_42M-00126-00024776-00025022": "if you do a lot one day not a lot", "0igEHPA_42M-00127-00025023-00025127": "another day and that kind of stuff", "0igEHPA_42M-00128-00025128-00025207": "that's gonna", "0igEHPA_42M-00129-00025208-00025422": "make you not interesting to the platform", "0igEHPA_42M-00130-00025423-00025511": "right", "0igEHPA_42M-00131-00025512-00025767": "so i talked about that in this episode", "0igEHPA_42M-00132-00025768-00025822": "here", "0igEHPA_42M-00133-00025823-00026046": "in episode number 133 how to get", "0igEHPA_42M-00134-00026047-00026287": "engagement on facebook to get sales", "0igEHPA_42M-00135-00026288-00026551": "that an episode from may 12th and the", "0igEHPA_42M-00136-00026552-00026639": "thing is that", "0igEHPA_42M-00137-00026639-00026831": "you can look you see you can see through", "0igEHPA_42M-00138-00026832-00027055": "here right if you go if we go back", "0igEHPA_42M-00139-00027056-00027255": "uh to before that you're gonna see that", "0igEHPA_42M-00140-00027256-00027423": "i didn't get like", "0igEHPA_42M-00141-00027424-00027687": "no comments here only four comments on a", "0igEHPA_42M-00142-00027688-00027870": "gorgeous picture of my wife and", "0igEHPA_42M-00143-00027872-00028167": "daughters for mother's day that's not", "0igEHPA_42M-00144-00028168-00028207": "you know", "0igEHPA_42M-00145-00028208-00028383": "that should have gotten a lot more just", "0igEHPA_42M-00146-00028383-00028631": "great picture um you know some", "0igEHPA_42M-00147-00028632-00028855": "some story here just three comments uh", "0igEHPA_42M-00148-00028856-00029055": "just uh one comment here", "0igEHPA_42M-00149-00029056-00029295": "uh no comments on this you know i mean", "0igEHPA_42M-00150-00029295-00029479": "i'm not i'm not getting engaged that's", "0igEHPA_42M-00151-00029480-00029631": "because i wasn't really", "0igEHPA_42M-00152-00029632-00029823": "doing anything but after posting that i", "0igEHPA_42M-00153-00029824-00029951": "wanted to kind of show", "0igEHPA_42M-00154-00029952-00030174": "that it makes a difference if you'd", "0igEHPA_42M-00155-00030175-00030383": "start to do things so i started to do", "0igEHPA_42M-00156-00030383-00030527": "the things that i talk about", "0igEHPA_42M-00157-00030527-00030799": "in this you know in this episode the", "0igEHPA_42M-00158-00030800-00030958": "episode where i talk about how to get", "0igEHPA_42M-00159-00030960-00031151": "engagement on facebook right so this is", "0igEHPA_42M-00160-00031152-00031327": "i'm another episode here i'm just kind", "0igEHPA_42M-00161-00031327-00031527": "of showing you that the proof is in the", "0igEHPA_42M-00162-00031527-00031639": "pudding", "0igEHPA_42M-00163-00031639-00031855": "so i started doing that and on this post", "0igEHPA_42M-00164-00031856-00032087": "here i got 19 comments that's a lot of", "0igEHPA_42M-00165-00032088-00032207": "comments for me", "0igEHPA_42M-00166-00032208-00032446": "i mean some people get hundred comments", "0igEHPA_42M-00167-00032447-00032518": "and then i", "0igEHPA_42M-00168-00032519-00032790": "got you know um say this other post i", "0igEHPA_42M-00169-00032791-00032935": "got eight comments on it", "0igEHPA_42M-00170-00032936-00033271": "right um just one here", "0igEHPA_42M-00171-00033272-00033511": "it's got five comments on little tree uh", "0igEHPA_42M-00172-00033512-00033687": "post right was kind of cool", "0igEHPA_42M-00173-00033688-00033990": "um and then and then i did it", "0igEHPA_42M-00174-00033991-00034167": "did you get right so if i look at this i", "0igEHPA_42M-00175-00034168-00034311": "got four comments here", "0igEHPA_42M-00176-00034312-00034518": "and then i posted something about the", "0igEHPA_42M-00177-00034519-00034759": "avatar i started using that new avatar", "0igEHPA_42M-00178-00034760-00034983": "i got seven comments just on this one", "0igEHPA_42M-00179-00034984-00035111": "here that just said", "0igEHPA_42M-00180-00035112-00035335": "you know does it look like me have you", "0igEHPA_42M-00181-00035336-00035446": "tried it yet", "0igEHPA_42M-00182-00035447-00035751": "and then i posted a this one here where", "0igEHPA_42M-00183-00035752-00035807": "i actually", "0igEHPA_42M-00184-00035808-00035918": "shared the update that's one of the", "0igEHPA_42M-00185-00035919-00036079": "things that facebook wants you to do", "0igEHPA_42M-00186-00036080-00036230": "they want you to share it", "0igEHPA_42M-00187-00036231-00036551": "now obviously i'm i didn't get 44", "0igEHPA_42M-00188-00036552-00036671": "comments on this", "0igEHPA_42M-00189-00036672-00036974": "right because it's a great avatar", "0igEHPA_42M-00190-00036975-00037039": "because", "0igEHPA_42M-00191-00037040-00037295": "my post is great you know seriously", "0igEHPA_42M-00192-00037296-00037446": "right i didn't get that", "0igEHPA_42M-00193-00037447-00037727": "it's because people saw my post now why", "0igEHPA_42M-00194-00037728-00037911": "did people see my post", "0igEHPA_42M-00195-00037912-00038190": "because i used a new feature that's one", "0igEHPA_42M-00196-00038191-00038343": "of the reasons why you get", "0igEHPA_42M-00197-00038344-00038502": "lots of comments the other the other", "0igEHPA_42M-00198-00038503-00038671": "post i got a lot of comments on", "0igEHPA_42M-00199-00038672-00038862": "was this profile picture right time for", "0igEHPA_42M-00200-00038863-00039030": "profile picture change", "0igEHPA_42M-00201-00039031-00039359": "i got 76 comments people commenting", "0igEHPA_42M-00202-00039360-00039399": "which", "0igEHPA_42M-00203-00039400-00039543": "picture they like the best that kind of", "0igEHPA_42M-00204-00039544-00039702": "stuff i'm going to change my profile", "0igEHPA_42M-00205-00039703-00039783": "picture but", "0igEHPA_42M-00206-00039784-00039951": "i'm kind of doing this and i'm also", "0igEHPA_42M-00207-00039952-00040143": "going to show that you get engagement", "0igEHPA_42M-00208-00040144-00040287": "whenever you do", "0igEHPA_42M-00209-00040288-00040446": "these things that you're supposed to do", "0igEHPA_42M-00210-00040447-00040679": "i just posted just just now so that's", "0igEHPA_42M-00211-00040680-00040951": "that's a video of our house from a drone", "0igEHPA_42M-00212-00040952-00041039": "here", "0igEHPA_42M-00213-00041040-00041407": "that's kind of cool right to see that", "0igEHPA_42M-00214-00041408-00041558": "and yeah let's just show you this just", "0igEHPA_42M-00215-00041559-00041918": "for the fun of it", "0igEHPA_42M-00216-00041919-00042158": "so that's a picture of our house isn't", "0igEHPA_42M-00217-00042159-00042223": "that cool", "0igEHPA_42M-00218-00042224-00042558": "to see right it's pretty insane to see", "0igEHPA_42M-00219-00042559-00042607": "this", "0igEHPA_42M-00220-00042608-00042902": "picture like that the house from a drone", "0igEHPA_42M-00221-00042903-00043039": "right", "0igEHPA_42M-00222-00043040-00043415": "anyways i'm not like whatever i'm gonna", "0igEHPA_42M-00223-00043416-00043823": "put that back um but yeah so that's okay", "0igEHPA_42M-00224-00043824-00043871": "so", "0igEHPA_42M-00225-00043872-00044118": "now let's show you some some some if i", "0igEHPA_42M-00226-00044119-00044287": "go to the timeline here", "0igEHPA_42M-00227-00044288-00044727": "right you can see uh that kinds of post", "0igEHPA_42M-00228-00044728-00045102": "what does success mean to you oh", "0igEHPA_42M-00229-00045103-00045711": "definitely deaf definitely", "0igEHPA_42M-00230-00045712-00046087": "being home with my family", "0igEHPA_42M-00231-00046088-00046430": "and not having to worry about", "0igEHPA_42M-00232-00046431-00046807": "bills now that's what it means", "0igEHPA_42M-00233-00046808-00047823": "to be home definitely", "0igEHPA_42M-00234-00047824-00048190": "okay i guess i can i messed that up here", "0igEHPA_42M-00235-00048191-00048374": "let's just edit that", "0igEHPA_42M-00236-00048375-00048855": "plus it's nice to be able", "0igEHPA_42M-00237-00048856-00049527": "to spend", "0igEHPA_42M-00238-00049528-00049830": "okay there so yeah so i mean and i'm", "0igEHPA_42M-00239-00049831-00049990": "posting that because that's one of the", "0igEHPA_42M-00240-00049991-00050135": "things that", "0igEHPA_42M-00241-00050136-00050486": "you know i do in my in my timeline i", "0igEHPA_42M-00242-00050487-00050671": "comment on some of the fans that i", "0igEHPA_42M-00243-00050672-00050962": "really like", "0igEHPA_42M-00244-00050963-00051382": "beautiful", "0igEHPA_42M-00245-00051383-00051702": "right i will post on things that i see", "0igEHPA_42M-00246-00051703-00051846": "now that's the thing i'm trying to see", "0igEHPA_42M-00247-00051847-00052030": "look see this is an avatar right here", "0igEHPA_42M-00248-00052032-00052111": "right see", "0igEHPA_42M-00249-00052112-00052350": "so she shared her avatar so now it's in", "0igEHPA_42M-00250-00052351-00052471": "my timeline right", "0igEHPA_42M-00251-00052472-00052726": "so i'm not sure if i can comment an", "0igEHPA_42M-00252-00052727-00052894": "avatar in here", "0igEHPA_42M-00253-00052895-00053094": "actually it's right is that it no that's", "0igEHPA_42M-00254-00053095-00053279": "an emoji", "0igEHPA_42M-00255-00053279-00053438": "do we i don't know if we can do the", "0igEHPA_42M-00256-00053439-00053623": "avatar from the desktop i don't think we", "0igEHPA_42M-00257-00053624-00053654": "can", "0igEHPA_42M-00258-00053655-00054238": "right i don't think we can", "0igEHPA_42M-00259-00054239-00054559": "looking good", "0igEHPA_42M-00260-00054560-00054703": "and let's see if i look at the other", "0igEHPA_42M-00261-00054704-00054838": "comments you see that most people have", "0igEHPA_42M-00262-00054839-00055038": "commented their avatars", "0igEHPA_42M-00263-00055039-00055342": "and i i did it from the desktop so i", "0igEHPA_42M-00264-00055344-00055519": "can't comment my avatar at least i don't", "0igEHPA_42M-00265-00055520-00055647": "know how", "0igEHPA_42M-00266-00055648-00055791": "the other thing you wanna you're gonna", "0igEHPA_42M-00267-00055791-00055950": "see a lot of is", "0igEHPA_42M-00268-00055951-00056303": "um is going to be the 3d", "0igEHPA_42M-00269-00056304-00056479": "you're going to see some 3d pictures but", "0igEHPA_42M-00270-00056479-00056638": "the other thing you know here's the", "0igEHPA_42M-00271-00056639-00056719": "other thing", "0igEHPA_42M-00272-00056720-00056935": "you have to you know you have to realize", "0igEHPA_42M-00273-00056936-00057030": "that in", "0igEHPA_42M-00274-00057032-00057447": "facebook you're going to see things that", "0igEHPA_42M-00275-00057448-00057759": "you are engaging in so if you engage in", "0igEHPA_42M-00276-00057760-00058047": "pictures of uh 3d pictures if you engage", "0igEHPA_42M-00277-00058048-00058199": "in videos if you engage in lives and", "0igEHPA_42M-00278-00058200-00058319": "giving stories", "0igEHPA_42M-00279-00058320-00058438": "those are the things you're going to see", "0igEHPA_42M-00280-00058439-00058742": "more of right so i mean", "0igEHPA_42M-00281-00058744-00059159": "if you oh why did that do that", "0igEHPA_42M-00282-00059160-00060063": "i guess it clicked", "0igEHPA_42M-00283-00060064-00060311": "beautiful just say beautiful whoops what", "0igEHPA_42M-00284-00060312-00060830": "the hell is that", "0igEHPA_42M-00285-00060832-00061175": "i'm not gonna bother okay so", "0igEHPA_42M-00286-00061176-00061311": "and you know and that's the thing so", "0igEHPA_42M-00287-00061312-00061487": "whatever you're engaging on normally", "0igEHPA_42M-00288-00061488-00061663": "whatever you're", "0igEHPA_42M-00289-00061664-00061894": "liking c lisa marie is one of the people", "0igEHPA_42M-00290-00061895-00061975": "that i", "0igEHPA_42M-00291-00061976-00062135": "typically engage on her picture so", "0igEHPA_42M-00292-00062136-00062350": "that's why i see her pictures in my", "0igEHPA_42M-00293-00062351-00062463": "timeline right", "0igEHPA_42M-00294-00062464-00062806": "uh anthony anthony uh also i see a lot", "0igEHPA_42M-00295-00062807-00063279": "i see", "0igEHPA_42M-00296-00063279-00063399": "and you know i'm just going to say", "0igEHPA_42M-00297-00063400-00063503": "little things because i'm doing the", "0igEHPA_42M-00298-00063504-00063687": "video obviously here right", "0igEHPA_42M-00299-00063688-00063935": "but that's you know that's basically the", "0igEHPA_42M-00300-00063936-00063999": "things", "0igEHPA_42M-00301-00064000-00064230": "you got to be engaging on facebook john", "0igEHPA_42M-00302-00064232-00065119": "melton look at him", "0igEHPA_42M-00303-00065120-00065319": "i don't even know i i should probably", "0igEHPA_42M-00304-00065320-00065494": "read what he's saying here he's talking", "0igEHPA_42M-00305-00065495-00065526": "about", "0igEHPA_42M-00306-00065527-00065694": "money make money that kind of", "0igEHPA_42M-00307-00065695-00065847": "opportunity whatever", "0igEHPA_42M-00308-00065848-00066238": "two things you're grateful for right now", "0igEHPA_42M-00309-00066239-00066415": "you know and there's lots of here's", "0igEHPA_42M-00310-00066416-00066543": "another avatar look at that", "0igEHPA_42M-00311-00066544-00066782": "christine i'm going to say this do not", "0igEHPA_42M-00312-00066783-00067282": "ask me for a public police artist", "0igEHPA_42M-00313-00067283-00067759": "sketch", "0igEHPA_42M-00314-00067760-00067926": "and you know it's all about engaging", "0igEHPA_42M-00315-00067927-00068071": "with the stuff that you're interested in", "0igEHPA_42M-00316-00068072-00068182": "i mean you got to go", "0igEHPA_42M-00317-00068183-00068511": "and engage and you got to comment and", "0igEHPA_42M-00318-00068512-00068806": "it's you know you gotta you gotta you", "0igEHPA_42M-00319-00068807-00069006": "gotta be doing the things on facebook", "0igEHPA_42M-00320-00069007-00069111": "that you", "0igEHPA_42M-00321-00069112-00069494": "are you know it's it's just", "0igEHPA_42M-00322-00069495-00069855": "about you doing things on facebook that", "0igEHPA_42M-00323-00069856-00069967": "you want people to do", "0igEHPA_42M-00324-00069968-00070159": "for you right whatever it is that you're", "0igEHPA_42M-00325-00070160-00070311": "you're doing on facebook", "0igEHPA_42M-00326-00070312-00070606": "whatever it is that you you know what", "0igEHPA_42M-00327-00070607-00070847": "you're doing on facebook is what you're", "0igEHPA_42M-00328-00070848-00071135": "going to you your engagement people are", "0igEHPA_42M-00329-00071136-00071255": "going to engage on your stuff", "0igEHPA_42M-00330-00071256-00071431": "if you engage on their stuff that's as", "0igEHPA_42M-00331-00071432-00071606": "simple as that and it's not just because", "0igEHPA_42M-00332-00071607-00071838": "people will engage is because facebook", "0igEHPA_42M-00333-00071839-00071935": "will share it", "0igEHPA_42M-00334-00071936-00072215": "to the people and as like i said right", "0igEHPA_42M-00335-00072216-00072455": "if i go back to my profile", "0igEHPA_42M-00336-00072456-00072767": "you can see that these pictures that", "0igEHPA_42M-00337-00072768-00072911": "didn't have any engagement", "0igEHPA_42M-00338-00072912-00073111": "or that i wouldn't have necessarily had", "0igEHPA_42M-00339-00073112-00073223": "i mean this is insane", "0igEHPA_42M-00340-00073224-00073526": "76 comments right oops", "0igEHPA_42M-00341-00073527-00073879": "76 comments it's it's a lot of comments", "0igEHPA_42M-00342-00073880-00074087": "on one picture it's not a typical", "0igEHPA_42M-00343-00074088-00074319": "that's not typical for me but why is it", "0igEHPA_42M-00344-00074320-00074526": "like that because i've been engaging", "0igEHPA_42M-00345-00074527-00074711": "because i've been promo i've been", "0igEHPA_42M-00346-00074712-00074894": "commenting other other people's stuff", "0igEHPA_42M-00347-00074895-00075087": "because i've been using the features", "0igEHPA_42M-00348-00075088-00075303": "that facebook wants you to use", "0igEHPA_42M-00349-00075304-00075623": "and it's just it's really that simple", "0igEHPA_42M-00350-00075624-00075831": "alright so i hope you enjoyed this and", "0igEHPA_42M-00351-00075832-00075967": "that you", "0igEHPA_42M-00352-00075968-00076135": "uh if you have any questions of course", "0igEHPA_42M-00353-00076136-00076279": "reach out let's have a conversation", "0igEHPA_42M-00354-00076280-00076406": "maybe i can help you with specific", "0igEHPA_42M-00355-00076407-00076471": "things", "0igEHPA_42M-00356-00076472-00076671": "but there's lots of stuff to learn on", "0igEHPA_42M-00357-00076672-00076782": "social media if you're trying to build a", "0igEHPA_42M-00358-00076783-00076911": "business trying to grow your audience", "0igEHPA_42M-00359-00076912-00077071": "you're trying to sell a course online", "0igEHPA_42M-00360-00077072-00077231": "there's always going to be a ton of", "0igEHPA_42M-00361-00077232-00077415": "stuff to learn", "0igEHPA_42M-00362-00077416-00077679": "and you know one of the things is if you", "0igEHPA_42M-00363-00077680-00077799": "want to learn", "0igEHPA_42M-00364-00077800-00078111": "how to build a business online just", "0igEHPA_42M-00365-00078112-00078375": "stay with me and learn every day a", "0igEHPA_42M-00366-00078376-00078438": "little bit", "0igEHPA_42M-00367-00078439-00078719": "and you'll get to that point all right", "0igEHPA_42M-00368-00078720-00078775": "hope", "0igEHPA_42M-00369-00078776-00079055": "hopefully uh we'll see you again in the", "0igEHPA_42M-00370-00079056-00079335": "next episode have yourself a great day", "0igEHPA_42M-00371-00079336-00079655": "this has been course income secrets the", "0igEHPA_42M-00372-00079656-00079838": "entrepreneur's blueprint to generating", "0igEHPA_42M-00373-00079839-00079999": "income from the e-learning", "0igEHPA_42M-00374-00080000-00080182": "booth some of your friends need to hear", "0igEHPA_42M-00375-00080183-00080382": "this message so don't forget to share", "0igEHPA_42M-00376-00080383-00080606": "for more content like this go to course", "0igEHPA_42M-00377-00080607-00080847": "income secrets.com and make sure to", "0igEHPA_42M-00378-00080848-00081023": "subscribe and follow us here", "0igEHPA_42M-00379-00081024-00081343": "my name is jean sanchez until", "0igEHPA_42M-00380-00081344-00081807": "next time"}}, {"audio_id": "0iH620srrX0", "text": {"0iH620srrX0-00000-00000305-00000918": "sing sing sing - yo Santa give me a", "0iH620srrX0-00001-00000919-00001185": "10-second tear open okay I mean the", "0iH620srrX0-00002-00001186-00001479": "cocaine ECT resident pupae neurotoxic", "0iH620srrX0-00003-00001480-00001747": "available because everywhere say -", "0iH620srrX0-00004-00001748-00002764": "okay so - Santa what types of magazines", "0iH620srrX0-00005-00002765-00003124": "do you usually read I usually read", "0iH620srrX0-00006-00003125-00003388": "politics and fashion magazines I also", "0iH620srrX0-00007-00003389-00003870": "enjoy reading about culture and tourism", "0iH620srrX0-00008-00003871-00004209": "what's your favorite magazine my", "0iH620srrX0-00009-00004210-00004417": "favorite is the New York Times which", "0iH620srrX0-00010-00004418-00004543": "writes about all sorts of things", "0iH620srrX0-00011-00004544-00005061": "business sports movies travel books jobs", "0iH620srrX0-00012-00005062-00005516": "education and real estate", "0iH620srrX0-00013-00005517-00005822": "do you read the paper or online news", "0iH620srrX0-00014-00005823-00006395": "I prefer online news to save money", "0iH620srrX0-00015-00006396-00006626": "how much does it cost you to buy paper", "0iH620srrX0-00016-00006627-00006995": "newspaper per month I only buy a monthly", "0iH620srrX0-00017-00006995-00007208": "newspaper so it doesn't cost much money", "0iH620srrX0-00018-00007209-00007652": "around five dollars a month", "0iH620srrX0-00019-00007653-00007892": "what is the most popular magazine in", "0iH620srrX0-00020-00007893-00008189": "your country I think it would be Forbes", "0iH620srrX0-00021-00008190-00008417": "magazine a leading source for reliable", "0iH620srrX0-00022-00008418-00008871": "business news and financial information", "0iH620srrX0-00023-00008872-00009144": "with the popularity of Internet do you", "0iH620srrX0-00024-00009145-00009342": "think newspapers and magazines will", "0iH620srrX0-00025-00009343-00009717": "disappear yes unfortunately it's just a", "0iH620srrX0-00026-00009718-00010050": "matter of time", "0iH620srrX0-00027-00010051-00010251": "how many events have you joined this", "0iH620srrX0-00028-00010252-00010632": "year what were they about I have joined", "0iH620srrX0-00029-00010633-00010911": "more than 10 events so far most of which", "0iH620srrX0-00030-00010912-00011282": "were about education", "0iH620srrX0-00031-00011283-00011618": "what was your most memorable event the", "0iH620srrX0-00032-00011619-00011789": "most memorable for me was an", "0iH620srrX0-00033-00011790-00012005": "international study conference in which", "0iH620srrX0-00034-00012006-00012152": "I was introduced to some famous", "0iH620srrX0-00035-00012153-00012656": "universities in Europe to study overseas", "0iH620srrX0-00036-00012657-00013079": "was it organized indoors or outdoors it", "0iH620srrX0-00037-00013080-00013479": "was an indoor event", "0iH620srrX0-00038-00013480-00013769": "who sponsored the event the event", "0iH620srrX0-00039-00013771-00014019": "organizer was the Education Department", "0iH620srrX0-00040-00014019-00014253": "of American Center but the universities", "0iH620srrX0-00041-00014254-00014424": "introduced in the conference were the", "0iH620srrX0-00042-00014425-00014746": "ones who paid", "0iH620srrX0-00043-00014747-00015106": "who went to the event with you I went", "0iH620srrX0-00044-00015107-00015291": "there with my friends who shared the", "0iH620srrX0-00045-00015293-00015724": "same interest in studying abroad as me", "0iH620srrX0-00046-00015725-00015969": "what were some performances in the event", "0iH620srrX0-00047-00015969-00016288": "there were not many performances each", "0iH620srrX0-00048-00016288-00016501": "University representative just had a", "0iH620srrX0-00049-00016502-00016675": "speech to introduce their school to", "0iH620srrX0-00050-00016676-00016873": "students and then they host it to in a", "0iH620srrX0-00051-00016874-00017152": "session", "0iH620srrX0-00052-00017153-00017497": "was the event shown on TV the event was", "0iH620srrX0-00053-00017498-00017707": "not aired but there were television", "0iH620srrX0-00054-00017708-00018075": "advertisements for it", "0iH620srrX0-00055-00018076-00018386": "how would someone market an event taking", "0iH620srrX0-00056-00018387-00018611": "advantage of social media is a smart way", "0iH620srrX0-00057-00018612-00019047": "to promote an event", "0iH620srrX0-00058-00019048-00019305": "are you free Friday night I might not be", "0iH620srrX0-00059-00019306-00019521": "in town I'm not sure yet a friend", "0iH620srrX0-00060-00019522-00019886": "suggested I go to Vancouver", "0iH620srrX0-00061-00019887-00020083": "well a few of us are getting together", "0iH620srrX0-00062-00020084-00020308": "and I thought you might want to come too", "0iH620srrX0-00063-00020309-00020650": "what are you thinking of doing", "0iH620srrX0-00064-00020651-00020917": "we're not sure yet we might go to a bar", "0iH620srrX0-00065-00020918-00021180": "but we'll probably go to see AI oh I", "0iH620srrX0-00066-00021181-00021500": "haven't seen it yet", "0iH620srrX0-00067-00021501-00021854": "well come then sure if I'm in town I'll", "0iH620srrX0-00068-00021855-00022227": "call you and let you know", "0iH620srrX0-00069-00022228-00022551": "miss Wallace long time no see how are", "0iH620srrX0-00070-00022552-00022791": "you", "0iH620srrX0-00071-00022792-00023079": "good thank you how's your new job I", "0iH620srrX0-00072-00023080-00023422": "started working today", "0iH620srrX0-00073-00023423-00023689": "how does it seem so far it's demanding", "0iH620srrX0-00074-00023690-00024073": "but I'm happy to be working", "0iH620srrX0-00075-00024074-00024358": "what's your boss like he appears to be", "0iH620srrX0-00076-00024359-00024634": "very thoughtful and kind but they all do", "0iH620srrX0-00077-00024635-00024865": "at first I guess we will have to wait", "0iH620srrX0-00078-00024866-00025103": "and see", "0iH620srrX0-00079-00025104-00025424": "well I wish you the best of luck Thanks", "0iH620srrX0-00080-00025425-00025681": "take care", "0iH620srrX0-00081-00025682-00025927": "did you see my car keys there on top of", "0iH620srrX0-00082-00025927-00026183": "the TV", "0iH620srrX0-00083-00026183-00026687": "you're right thanks where are you going", "0iH620srrX0-00084-00026688-00027107": "to the supermarket again", "0iH620srrX0-00085-00027108-00027424": "yes we eat a lot do you want me to go", "0iH620srrX0-00086-00027425-00027672": "with you", "0iH620srrX0-00087-00027673-00027963": "sure if you can good the packages will", "0iH620srrX0-00088-00027964-00028205": "be heavy", "0iH620srrX0-00089-00028206-00028406": "there is a new health store right up the", "0iH620srrX0-00090-00028407-00028607": "road maybe since you guys eat a lot you", "0iH620srrX0-00091-00028608-00028826": "should try and eat more healthily maybe", "0iH620srrX0-00092-00028827-00029054": "you're right we have all put on a little", "0iH620srrX0-00093-00029055-00029305": "weight", "0iH620srrX0-00094-00029306-00029668": "Diana Oh George hi how are you", "0iH620srrX0-00095-00029669-00029911": "listen I'm in a terrible hurry the bank", "0iH620srrX0-00096-00029912-00030245": "closes in 20 minutes", "0iH620srrX0-00097-00030245-00030494": "is your bank near here yes it's only", "0iH620srrX0-00098-00030495-00030877": "four blocks away on Vine Street", "0iH620srrX0-00099-00030877-00031170": "well get in I'll take you are you sure", "0iH620srrX0-00100-00031172-00031483": "it's not out of your way", "0iH620srrX0-00101-00031483-00031827": "no not at all that is so nice of you", "0iH620srrX0-00102-00031829-00032264": "George thank you you're welcome", "0iH620srrX0-00103-00032264-00032555": "hi sorry I'm late I missed the bus oh", "0iH620srrX0-00104-00032556-00032740": "that's okay I had time to clean up", "0iH620srrX0-00105-00032741-00033024": "before you came", "0iH620srrX0-00106-00033025-00033285": "you don't look very good I must be", "0iH620srrX0-00107-00033286-00033519": "getting a cold I've been sneezing all", "0iH620srrX0-00108-00033520-00033898": "day", "0iH620srrX0-00109-00033899-00034287": "bless you thank you", "0iH620srrX0-00110-00034288-00034530": "you must beginning a cold why don't you", "0iH620srrX0-00111-00034531-00034749": "go lie down I'll bring you some aspirin", "0iH620srrX0-00112-00034750-00034983": "I don't see any aspirin in the medicine", "0iH620srrX0-00113-00034984-00035362": "cabinet we must be out of them", "0iH620srrX0-00114-00035363-00035602": "I'll go to the drugstore is there", "0iH620srrX0-00115-00035603-00035710": "anything else we need", "0iH620srrX0-00116-00035711-00036135": "could you get some", "0iH620srrX0-00117-00036136-00036396": "I don't know if they sell at you here", "0iH620srrX0-00118-00036397-00036674": "but I'll check", "0iH620srrX0-00119-00036675-00036932": "when can I see doctor no he won't be", "0iH620srrX0-00120-00036933-00037232": "free until tomorrow", "0iH620srrX0-00121-00037233-00037496": "can I make an appointment sure how about", "0iH620srrX0-00122-00037497-00037811": "tomorrow at 10 o'clock", "0iH620srrX0-00123-00037812-00038114": "can you make it at nine I'll check to", "0iH620srrX0-00124-00038115-00038354": "see if he's available I'm sorry but he's", "0iH620srrX0-00125-00038355-00038692": "tied up until ten o'clock", "0iH620srrX0-00126-00038693-00039034": "well can't you squeeze me in somehow I'm", "0iH620srrX0-00127-00039035-00039130": "afraid not", "0iH620srrX0-00128-00039131-00039483": "how about after lunch", "0iH620srrX0-00129-00039484-00039717": "will one o'clock be alright that's", "0iH620srrX0-00130-00039718-00040105": "perfect thank you", "0iH620srrX0-00131-00040106-00040414": "excuse me may I see your license I'm", "0iH620srrX0-00132-00040415-00040767": "afraid I've left it at home", "0iH620srrX0-00133-00040768-00041007": "in that case you'll have to take it to", "0iH620srrX0-00134-00041008-00041238": "the police station within five days but", "0iH620srrX0-00135-00041239-00041534": "but why", "0iH620srrX0-00136-00041535-00041783": "you were speeding ma'am but I was only", "0iH620srrX0-00137-00041784-00042105": "doing 75", "0iH620srrX0-00138-00042106-00042333": "there's a 70 kilometer hour speed limit", "0iH620srrX0-00139-00042334-00042600": "on this road ma'am is there I didn't see", "0iH620srrX0-00140-00042601-00042856": "a sign", "0iH620srrX0-00141-00042857-00043174": "well ma'am we've been following you so", "0iH620srrX0-00142-00043175-00043583": "you were doing 75 to", "0iH620srrX0-00143-00043584-00043904": "no ma'am we were doing 90 kilometers an", "0iH620srrX0-00144-00043905-00044283": "hour and we couldn't catch you", "0iH620srrX0-00145-00044284-00044592": "waiter could we have the bill please can", "0iH620srrX0-00146-00044593-00044902": "I put it all in one bill", "0iH620srrX0-00147-00044903-00045279": "no we prefer separate checks your bills", "0iH620srrX0-00148-00045280-00045574": "$18", "0iH620srrX0-00149-00045575-00045851": "that seems expensive would you check it", "0iH620srrX0-00150-00045852-00046076": "again please sorry ma'am", "0iH620srrX0-00151-00046077-00046289": "this is your friends bill here is yours", "0iH620srrX0-00152-00046290-00046797": "it's $24 and 16 cents", "0iH620srrX0-00153-00046798-00047261": "excuse me yes can I help you", "0iH620srrX0-00154-00047262-00047471": "yes I'd like some information about", "0iH620srrX0-00155-00047472-00047835": "buses please where to", "0iH620srrX0-00156-00047836-00048215": "to Toronto when", "0iH620srrX0-00157-00048216-00048710": "this Saturday morning or afternoon", "0iH620srrX0-00158-00048711-00048950": "in the afternoon about three o'clock", "0iH620srrX0-00159-00048951-00049300": "there's one at 3:20", "0iH620srrX0-00160-00049301-00049600": "thank you that sounds perfect I'll take", "0iH620srrX0-00161-00049601-00049887": "it", "0iH620srrX0-00162-00049888-00050226": "ever traveled abroad if yes what country", "0iH620srrX0-00163-00050227-00050616": "was it yes I have I travelled to the USA", "0iH620srrX0-00164-00050617-00051006": "last year with my family", "0iH620srrX0-00165-00051007-00051375": "where is that country located the USA is", "0iH620srrX0-00166-00051376-00051790": "located in North America", "0iH620srrX0-00167-00051791-00052155": "what is it famous for the USA is known", "0iH620srrX0-00168-00052157-00052317": "for its cultural achievements and", "0iH620srrX0-00169-00052319-00052644": "landmarks", "0iH620srrX0-00170-00052645-00052887": "what are the special food and drinks of", "0iH620srrX0-00171-00052888-00053190": "that country there are many they are", "0iH620srrX0-00172-00053191-00053454": "known for fast food dairy and many", "0iH620srrX0-00173-00053454-00053774": "beverages", "0iH620srrX0-00174-00053775-00054024": "what do you like about that country I", "0iH620srrX0-00175-00054025-00054284": "like the fast pace of life and the", "0iH620srrX0-00176-00054285-00054707": "various subcultures", "0iH620srrX0-00177-00054708-00054854": "how many citizens are there in that", "0iH620srrX0-00178-00054854-00055133": "country the current population of the", "0iH620srrX0-00179-00055134-00055433": "United States of America was over 324", "0iH620srrX0-00180-00055434-00055784": "million in 2016 which accounts for 4.3", "0iH620srrX0-00181-00055785-00056241": "percent of the total world population", "0iH620srrX0-00182-00056241-00056579": "what language do people there speak the", "0iH620srrX0-00183-00056580-00056808": "national language is English but many", "0iH620srrX0-00184-00056809-00057159": "people also speak Spanish French German", "0iH620srrX0-00185-00057160-00057495": "and Chinese", "0iH620srrX0-00186-00057496-00058079": "do you want to go back there again sure", "0iH620srrX0-00187-00058079-00058426": "why do people like to travel abroad they", "0iH620srrX0-00188-00058427-00058636": "just want to discover new places learn", "0iH620srrX0-00189-00058637-00058819": "new cultures and maybe speak new", "0iH620srrX0-00190-00058820-00059124": "languages", "0iH620srrX0-00191-00059125-00059370": "on what occasions do people in your", "0iH620srrX0-00192-00059371-00059642": "country celebrate parties there are many", "0iH620srrX0-00193-00059644-00059865": "occasions when people throw parties such", "0iH620srrX0-00194-00059866-00060092": "as New Year's Eve wedding engagements", "0iH620srrX0-00195-00060094-00060513": "family reunions birthdays etc but", "0iH620srrX0-00196-00060514-00060735": "sometimes people hold parties just when", "0iH620srrX0-00197-00060736-00060870": "they need up and want to have something", "0iH620srrX0-00198-00060871-00061429": "fun to do", "0iH620srrX0-00199-00061430-00062215": "[Music]", "0iH620srrX0-00200-00062216-00062422": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0iTWVVpRsCM", "text": {"0iTWVVpRsCM-00000-00000287-00000981": "foreign", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00001-00000982-00001697": "[Music]", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00002-00001698-00002431": "[Music]", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00003-00002432-00002668": "mode and it's really easy to move the", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00004-00002669-00003042": "and really intuitive and fast", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00005-00003043-00003304": "the user could bite really really easy", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00006-00003305-00003575": "with just two fingers the the robotic", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00007-00003576-00003761": "arms so it's something really really", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00008-00003761-00003959": "easy to do to complete the docking", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00009-00003960-00004199": "process", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00010-00004200-00004451": "we are really happy the surgeons are", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00011-00004452-00004649": "really interested with this type of", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00012-00004650-00004895": "robots of course the hospitals improved", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00013-00004896-00005038": "efficiency it's something that we are", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00014-00005039-00005213": "looking for and in terms of the", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00015-00005214-00005404": "technology it's a really great", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00016-00005405-00005561": "opportunity people too because now we", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00017-00005562-00005711": "are talking about the robotic platform", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00018-00005712-00005902": "so I think that we are in a good place", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00019-00005903-00006719": "and to move to the digital surgery", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00020-00006720-00007259": "[Music]", "0iTWVVpRsCM-00021-00007259-00007559": "foreign"}}, {"audio_id": "0j0o8dfOnKU", "text": {"0j0o8dfOnKU-00000-00000044-00000799": "[Music]", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00001-00000800-00001079": "underneath the surface", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00002-00001080-00001431": "there's a whole society", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00003-00001432-00002039": "they have a different language", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00004-00002039-00002326": "every million years or so", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00005-00002327-00002631": "party till they drop", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00006-00002632-00003102": "that's how we got the oceans on", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00007-00003103-00003951": "[Music]", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00008-00003952-00004210": "let's go", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00009-00004211-00005295": "[Music]", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00010-00005296-00005769": "is", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00011-00005770-00007014": "[Music]", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00012-00007015-00007878": "free", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00013-00007879-00008232": "let's go", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00014-00008233-00009073": "[Music]", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00015-00009074-00009726": "[Music]", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00016-00009727-00009767": "[Music]", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00017-00009768-00010185": "[Applause]", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00018-00010186-00011099": "[Music]", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00019-00011100-00011263": "[Music]", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00020-00011264-00011466": "sometimes", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00021-00011467-00012143": "[Music]", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00022-00012144-00012735": "[Music]", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00023-00012736-00012993": "eat food", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00024-00012994-00014238": "[Music]", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00025-00014240-00014534": "out of this", "0j0o8dfOnKU-00026-00014535-00014878": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0k1jQgXVKmQ", "text": {"0k1jQgXVKmQ-00000-00000139-00001231": "[Music]", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00001-00001232-00001303": "hello", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00002-00001304-00001607": "sir please enjoy surfing swimming", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00003-00001607-00001926": "and barbecue okay i will enjoy bbq", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00004-00001927-00002758": "with you me yes ignition", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00005-00002759-00003183": "please enjoy enjoy my group", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00006-00003184-00003431": "please enjoy the library please enjoy", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00007-00003432-00004484": "please enjoy please enjoy", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00008-00004485-00005567": "[Music]", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00009-00005568-00005879": "hello sir please enjoy surfing", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00010-00005880-00006183": "swimming and barbecue okay i will enjoy", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00011-00006184-00006270": "bbq", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00012-00006271-00007103": "with you me yes", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00013-00007104-00007391": "please enjoy ignition booth please enjoy", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00014-00007392-00007527": "my group", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00015-00007528-00007774": "please enjoy my group please enjoy", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00016-00007775-00008678": "please enjoy please enjoy", "0k1jQgXVKmQ-00017-00008679-00008888": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0kfbPM6W_eA", "text": {"0kfbPM6W_eA-00000-00000008-00000295": "gen 2.2 trailer and livestream was more", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00001-00000296-00000511": "mysterious than mihoyo's decisions with", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00002-00000512-00000678": "the sudden appearance of our fatoui", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00003-00000679-00000958": "friend child the aspiring rock star xin", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00004-00000959-00001199": "yan and the new island of tsurumi and", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00005-00001200-00001447": "the absolute spectacle of a concert that", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00006-00001448-00001647": "brought tears to many haters and sims", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00007-00001648-00001863": "alike enjoyed a wondrous sight and heard", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00008-00001864-00002014": "some of the greatest mixes of our", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00009-00002016-00002223": "favorite characters suffice to say we", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00010-00002224-00002423": "can't do anything to stop what mihoyo", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00011-00002424-00002631": "has planned this year and we won't ever", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00012-00002632-00002847": "get the attention we need into the game", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00013-00002848-00003095": "anytime soon but with all that said", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00014-00003096-00003270": "here's the 5 things you might have", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00015-00003271-00003543": "missed in genji impact 2.2 to rumi", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00016-00003544-00003610": "trailer", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00017-00003611-00003759": "[Music]", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00018-00003760-00003951": "starting off with a quick bonus the", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00019-00003952-00004167": "theme of this island seems to direct a", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00020-00004168-00004375": "discreet but radical change of", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00021-00004376-00004599": "environment and the various fauna is", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00022-00004600-00004767": "drastically different to that of", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00023-00004768-00005118": "narukami seirai and watatsumi island the", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00024-00005119-00005335": "trees on the island aren't even sakura", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00025-00005336-00005567": "trees they seem to look like windswept", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00026-00005568-00005783": "willow trees with a majority of its", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00027-00005784-00006015": "leaves blown away this particular tree", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00028-00006016-00006206": "in the trailer is what would be called", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00029-00006207-00006446": "an ancestral tree if you've seen games", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00030-00006447-00006655": "like ori and the will of the wisps then", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00031-00006656-00006823": "i think you already know what's in this", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00032-00006823-00007006": "island but to anyone who hasn't seen", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00033-00007008-00007263": "this yet basically ancestral trees are", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00034-00007264-00007487": "windswept willow trees that harbor the", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00035-00007488-00007742": "light of fallen spirits in this context", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00036-00007743-00007934": "it could be the people who once lived on", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00037-00007936-00008167": "this island now for number one it seems", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00038-00008168-00008374": "like a photo or painting of a weird", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00039-00008375-00008599": "three-headed beast or three beings is", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00040-00008600-00008807": "depicted within one of the rooms in the", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00041-00008808-00009031": "labyrinth of fog or the labyrinth of", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00042-00009032-00009231": "warriors and the angle as well as its", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00043-00009232-00009455": "position doesn't make it hide in any", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00044-00009456-00009655": "fashion either we were meant to see this", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00045-00009656-00009887": "painting as well as the details of said", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00046-00009888-00010103": "painting being very similar to one of", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00047-00010104-00010342": "the locations on surumi island see those", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00048-00010343-00010638": "etchings on that arc yup it looks very", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00049-00010639-00010846": "similar to the painting in the labyrinth", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00050-00010847-00011078": "round head an iris in the middle", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00051-00011079-00011319": "weird legs but the creatures on its side", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00052-00011320-00011551": "however look more like heads trying to", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00053-00011552-00011799": "roar or opening their mouths than an", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00054-00011800-00012038": "actual person as well as standing on a", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00055-00012039-00012319": "pedestal in the ocean at number two the", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00056-00012320-00012574": "ruined building in surami island's caves", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00057-00012575-00012735": "looks a lot like the tower in the", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00058-00012736-00012951": "vallen's lair all the more mysterious", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00059-00012952-00013143": "this island really makes it out to be", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00060-00013144-00013399": "there's also some strange writings or", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00061-00013400-00013622": "symbols behind the crumbled structure", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00062-00013623-00013822": "probably something we can interact with", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00063-00013823-00014071": "or read later on the multiple rundown", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00064-00014072-00014271": "structures and buildings also hint that", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00065-00014272-00014455": "there were more than just a few houses", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00066-00014456-00014663": "or shrines in this island it seems that", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00067-00014663-00014871": "there was quite a civilization here", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00068-00014872-00015071": "hundreds of years ago to what event", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00069-00015072-00015271": "would lead to their demise we'll find", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00070-00015272-00015519": "out in the next item on the list up next", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00071-00015519-00015719": "is quite the doozy so you might want to", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00072-00015719-00015903": "pay attention for this one the writings", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00073-00015904-00016111": "on the wall show an upturned crescent", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00074-00016112-00016358": "moon with three gold points to the side", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00075-00016359-00016615": "except for one pointing upward now going", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00076-00016616-00016783": "back on the paintings in the labyrinth", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00077-00016784-00016991": "of fog and looking at this upturned", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00078-00016992-00017215": "crescent it seems like these depictions", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00079-00017216-00017430": "point to the three moon sisters in", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00080-00017431-00017671": "sumerian mythology there were two moon", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00081-00017672-00017919": "gods named nana representing the full", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00082-00017920-00018214": "moon and suhen or sin representing the", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00083-00018215-00018447": "crescent moon in genshin's lore there", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00084-00018448-00018758": "were three arya sonnet and canon there", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00085-00018759-00018935": "were no representations but they were", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00086-00018936-00019150": "said to handle the reigns of a silver", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00087-00019151-00019358": "carriage and failing to interchange", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00088-00019359-00019583": "between the reigns meant that a great", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00089-00019584-00019799": "catastrophe would happen there are also", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00090-00019800-00020063": "rumors of the so-called demon owls that", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00091-00020064-00020294": "reside in the fog island stated in the", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00092-00020295-00020511": "ascension material called narukamis", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00093-00020512-00020871": "magatamas which are these things", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00094-00020872-00021078": "now moon sisters demon owls and", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00095-00021079-00021327": "labyrinths of fog are all just theories", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00096-00021328-00021486": "and we're bound to know what's in sarumi", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00097-00021487-00021686": "island anyway but it does seem like", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00098-00021687-00021878": "quite a terrible fate was met with the", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00099-00021879-00022135": "people of zurumi island and it does look", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00100-00022136-00022399": "like surumi islands been here for a very", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00101-00022400-00022630": "long time and speaking of a very long", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00102-00022631-00022863": "time the glowing pagodas in the trailer", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00103-00022864-00023119": "seem to do more than just glow white and", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00104-00023120-00023303": "this is also the first we've seen of", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00105-00023304-00023550": "glowing white pagodas but it seems like", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00106-00023551-00023750": "interacting with these would trigger a", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00107-00023751-00023975": "sort of memory similar to that of the", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00108-00023976-00024263": "earth kitsune we find in arakami island", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00109-00024264-00024439": "and the memory triggered shows as", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00110-00024440-00024535": "follows", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00111-00024536-00024719": "an arch with the symbols i've mentioned", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00112-00024720-00024942": "before with the overall structure of the", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00113-00024943-00025142": "arch looking a lot like some sort of", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00114-00025143-00025247": "being", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00115-00025248-00025511": "next is this handsome middle-aged man", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00116-00025512-00025678": "followed by the shoto version of", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00117-00025679-00025974": "scaramouche and then some elderly folk", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00118-00025975-00026150": "as well as scaramouche's parents", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00119-00026151-00026446": "probably and finally this purple feather", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00120-00026447-00026631": "and then it goes back to the ancestral", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00121-00026632-00026846": "willow tree so it looks like the people", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00122-00026847-00027046": "of surumi island were worshiping some", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00123-00027047-00027343": "sort of deity a powerful deity likely", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00124-00027344-00027558": "that of the volin scale and power now", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00125-00027560-00027735": "looking at the wrecked powerhead i", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00126-00027736-00027935": "mentioned a while ago there might be a", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00127-00027936-00028167": "new trance domain waiting for us on this", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00128-00028168-00028343": "island but as for what could have", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00129-00028344-00028758": "happened in surumi nobody really knows", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00130-00028760-00028935": "now for the final thing you might have", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00131-00028936-00029151": "missed the new rift hounds seems like", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00132-00029152-00029367": "they're the creatures that ate mikushi", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00133-00029368-00029623": "chiyo yes the oni and close friend of", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00134-00029624-00029935": "the shogun albeit a dog than a tiger but", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00135-00029936-00030158": "the mcs specifically said that they", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00136-00030160-00030423": "corrode the boundaries of the world and", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00137-00030424-00030646": "are monsters from the abyss as well as", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00138-00030647-00030911": "apparently having four elemental forms", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00139-00030912-00031135": "their attacks also quote unquote corrode", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00140-00031136-00031390": "the enemy every second once hit so i", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00141-00031391-00031607": "think the creature that mikoshi chio", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00142-00031608-00031823": "specifically fought might not actually", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00143-00031824-00032031": "be this rift hound per se", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00144-00032032-00032231": "but of a different and more powerful", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00145-00032232-00032455": "type of creature with similar abilities", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00146-00032456-00032679": "such as corroding or quote-unquote", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00147-00032680-00032927": "corrupting any enemy that they hit and", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00148-00032928-00033143": "especially if they were eaten and it", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00149-00033144-00033311": "seems like something like this could be", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00150-00033312-00033487": "what chio fought against and was", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00151-00033488-00033735": "corrupted by hundreds of years ago and", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00152-00033736-00033999": "with a bit of copium we might see some", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00153-00034000-00034239": "lore or maybe even the oni herself", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00154-00034240-00034495": "within the island this next bonus is", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00155-00034496-00034799": "kind of in the league spoiler territory", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00156-00034800-00035079": "so be warned and leave now and keep in", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00157-00035080-00035287": "mind this could be a massive spoiler for", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00158-00035288-00035502": "you guys so i'll give you about 10", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00159-00035503-00036359": "seconds to leave right now", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00160-00036360-00036735": "you gone yet", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00161-00036736-00037095": "okay good anyone still here okay", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00162-00037096-00037295": "the end of the trailer pans out to a", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00163-00037296-00037590": "blue sakura tree or as i like to call it", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00164-00037591-00037815": "a windswept willow tree and if you've", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00165-00037816-00037990": "been checking the leaks about tsurumi", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00166-00037991-00038183": "island you'll know that there are these", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00167-00038184-00038439": "wisps wandering around various parts of", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00168-00038440-00038646": "the island trailers specifically picked", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00169-00038647-00038959": "spots without wisps and fog to keep it a", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00170-00038960-00039230": "surprise now these wisps are most likely", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00171-00039231-00039462": "the villagers we see in the flashbacks", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00172-00039463-00039687": "and are either scattered around or maybe", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00173-00039688-00039918": "even gathered near where the ancestral", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00174-00039919-00040135": "willow trees are located and the feather", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00175-00040136-00040335": "we see in one of the flashbacks would", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00176-00040336-00040615": "entail the wisps of the ones habitable", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00177-00040616-00040855": "and i don't know pretty normal i guess", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00178-00040856-00041111": "tsurumi island worshiped a certain bird", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00179-00041112-00041430": "or a certain demon owl within the island", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00180-00041431-00041583": "and judging from where they seem to take", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00181-00041584-00041815": "the trailer it is very similar to that", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00182-00041816-00042030": "of the game ori and the will of the", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00183-00042031-00042399": "wisps you know spirits birds flashbacks", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00184-00042400-00042655": "blown over willow trees the new blue", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00185-00042656-00042927": "theme it's it's kind of pointing that", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00186-00042928-00043215": "direction so if you play the game or", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00187-00043216-00043455": "seen the game in any way pretty sure", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00188-00043456-00043646": "it's basically that i know this isn't", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00189-00043647-00043855": "much of a spoiler but i really don't", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00190-00043856-00044095": "want to tell you guys anything about", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00191-00044096-00044358": "leaks especially in new areas or new", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00192-00044359-00044567": "content if anything i'm going to show", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00193-00044568-00044767": "you new banner leaks because eventually", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00194-00044768-00044951": "they'll be announced a week before they", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00195-00044952-00045127": "changed the banner anyways so i think", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00196-00045128-00045343": "that's fine and there you have it the", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00197-00045344-00045590": "five plus two bonuses things you might", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00198-00045591-00045815": "have missed in the gangshin impact 2.2", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00199-00045816-00046015": "surumi island trailer hope you guys", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00200-00046016-00046230": "enjoyed that video and if you are just", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00201-00046231-00046455": "now seeing my channel and the first time", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00202-00046456-00046662": "seeing my video i'd appreciate it if you", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00203-00046663-00046886": "leave a like and subscribe to my channel", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00204-00046887-00047046": "also comment below what you guys think", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00205-00047047-00047262": "of the trailer and what other bits and", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00206-00047263-00047511": "pieces you saw that wasn't mentioned in", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00207-00047512-00047735": "this video you can also stay updated to", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00208-00047736-00047958": "my channel by clicking on that bell icon", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00209-00047959-00048135": "that way whenever i upload any new", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00210-00048136-00048439": "videos it'll notify you right away and", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00211-00048440-00048623": "you can go straight to watching them and", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00212-00048624-00048799": "if you're lucky i won't even have a", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00213-00048800-00049046": "thumbnail ready so be ready for that", "0kfbPM6W_eA-00214-00049047-00049384": "i'll see you guys later bye"}}, {"audio_id": "0klxIhvAt8u", "text": {"0klxIhvAt8u-00000-00000056-00000279": "i'm john mueller a search advocate at", "0klxIhvAt8u-00001-00000280-00000519": "google part of my job is to help folks", "0klxIhvAt8u-00002-00000520-00000751": "like you grow their web presence through", "0klxIhvAt8u-00003-00000752-00000958": "the help of google search", "0klxIhvAt8u-00004-00000959-00001191": "in this session we'll talk briefly about", "0klxIhvAt8u-00005-00001192-00001447": "google images other places where images", "0klxIhvAt8u-00006-00001448-00001718": "are shown and go through best practices", "0klxIhvAt8u-00007-00001719-00002066": "for images", "0klxIhvAt8u-00008-00002067-00002383": "[Music]", "0klxIhvAt8u-00009-00002384-00002615": "let's start by taking a look at google", "0klxIhvAt8u-00010-00002616-00002726": "images", "0klxIhvAt8u-00011-00002727-00002966": "google images helps users to visually", "0klxIhvAt8u-00012-00002967-00003319": "find web pages for a wide range of tasks", "0klxIhvAt8u-00013-00003320-00003438": "whether it's kicking off a", "0klxIhvAt8u-00014-00003439-00003663": "do-it-yourself project cooking a meal", "0klxIhvAt8u-00015-00003664-00003911": "styling an outfit or as we've recently", "0klxIhvAt8u-00016-00003911-00003990": "seen", "0klxIhvAt8u-00017-00003992-00004191": "learning how to cut your own hair at", "0klxIhvAt8u-00018-00004192-00004486": "home during the quarantine google images", "0klxIhvAt8u-00019-00004487-00004743": "shows users the relevant images and web", "0klxIhvAt8u-00020-00004744-00004991": "pages from across the web so it's as", "0klxIhvAt8u-00021-00004992-00005175": "easy as possible to find what you're", "0klxIhvAt8u-00022-00005176-00005327": "looking for", "0klxIhvAt8u-00023-00005328-00005567": "in the google images results we show a", "0klxIhvAt8u-00024-00005568-00005822": "preview image attribution and a headline", "0klxIhvAt8u-00025-00005823-00005959": "from the page", "0klxIhvAt8u-00026-00005960-00006206": "users can expand the preview to find out", "0klxIhvAt8u-00027-00006207-00006422": "more about the image and the page's", "0klxIhvAt8u-00028-00006423-00006542": "content", "0klxIhvAt8u-00029-00006543-00006783": "if a result is deemed to be a product a", "0klxIhvAt8u-00030-00006784-00007046": "recipe or a video which you can specify", "0klxIhvAt8u-00031-00007047-00007239": "with structured data we show that", "0klxIhvAt8u-00032-00007240-00007431": "information to the user", "0klxIhvAt8u-00033-00007431-00007614": "where appropriate we give users", "0klxIhvAt8u-00034-00007615-00007863": "information about an image licensing", "0klxIhvAt8u-00035-00007864-00008151": "opportunity and of course there's a big", "0klxIhvAt8u-00036-00008152-00008391": "button to visit the page directly", "0klxIhvAt8u-00037-00008392-00008567": "there's more than just google images", "0klxIhvAt8u-00038-00008568-00008823": "though image previews can also be shown", "0klxIhvAt8u-00039-00008824-00009063": "for traditional web search results they", "0klxIhvAt8u-00040-00009064-00009303": "may be relevant to a user's query or", "0klxIhvAt8u-00041-00009304-00009591": "representative of a web page for example", "0klxIhvAt8u-00042-00009592-00009871": "an image of a recipe might be shown", "0klxIhvAt8u-00043-00009872-00010078": "additionally there's google discover a", "0klxIhvAt8u-00044-00010079-00010327": "neat way for users to explore content", "0klxIhvAt8u-00045-00010328-00010591": "about topics they're interested in in", "0klxIhvAt8u-00046-00010592-00010855": "discover a relevant preview image may be", "0klxIhvAt8u-00047-00010856-00011046": "shown for your pages", "0klxIhvAt8u-00048-00011047-00011287": "in sum preview images can be shown", "0klxIhvAt8u-00049-00011288-00011495": "directly in google images they can be", "0klxIhvAt8u-00050-00011496-00011703": "shown as relevant results or as", "0klxIhvAt8u-00051-00011704-00011919": "additional context for additional pages", "0klxIhvAt8u-00052-00011920-00012063": "in google search", "0klxIhvAt8u-00053-00012064-00012423": "and as previews in discover", "0klxIhvAt8u-00054-00012424-00012606": "before we get too far i'd like to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00055-00012607-00012815": "encourage you to take a step back and", "0klxIhvAt8u-00056-00012816-00013055": "think about what you'd like to achieve", "0klxIhvAt8u-00057-00013056-00013271": "with your images getting the images", "0klxIhvAt8u-00058-00013272-00013486": "indexed is rarely the goal", "0klxIhvAt8u-00059-00013487-00013766": "for example consider these questions do", "0klxIhvAt8u-00060-00013768-00013975": "users try to search visually for your", "0klxIhvAt8u-00061-00013976-00014247": "content and if so how might they be", "0klxIhvAt8u-00062-00014247-00014479": "searching what preview of your site's", "0klxIhvAt8u-00063-00014480-00014775": "content would they find compelling and", "0klxIhvAt8u-00064-00014776-00014958": "do your pages have an image that's", "0klxIhvAt8u-00065-00014959-00015247": "particularly relevant for that page", "0klxIhvAt8u-00066-00015247-00015430": "it's useful to consider these questions", "0klxIhvAt8u-00067-00015431-00015647": "from the start they can help guide you", "0klxIhvAt8u-00068-00015647-00015886": "to including your images in a way that's", "0klxIhvAt8u-00069-00015887-00016127": "relevant to your site's goals", "0klxIhvAt8u-00070-00016128-00016358": "for example if you publish your poetry", "0klxIhvAt8u-00071-00016359-00016615": "and decorate it with generic floral clip", "0klxIhvAt8u-00072-00016616-00016886": "art it's unlikely that users would be", "0klxIhvAt8u-00073-00016887-00017143": "searching for flower clipart in order to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00074-00017144-00017303": "read your poetry", "0klxIhvAt8u-00075-00017304-00017519": "on the other hand if you created those", "0klxIhvAt8u-00076-00017520-00017719": "graphics and you want to provide them to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00077-00017720-00017950": "others then that might be a legitimate", "0klxIhvAt8u-00078-00017951-00018111": "search query", "0klxIhvAt8u-00079-00018112-00018358": "in the end it's up to you to determine", "0klxIhvAt8u-00080-00018359-00018607": "if and how you'd like content from your", "0klxIhvAt8u-00081-00018608-00018863": "website to be shown in google you know", "0klxIhvAt8u-00082-00018864-00019175": "your audience and your site's goals best", "0klxIhvAt8u-00083-00019176-00019367": "all right let's take a look at our", "0klxIhvAt8u-00084-00019368-00019599": "recommendations for images", "0klxIhvAt8u-00085-00019600-00019871": "start by providing good context make", "0klxIhvAt8u-00086-00019872-00020111": "sure that visual content is relevant to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00087-00020112-00020375": "the topic of the page we suggest using", "0klxIhvAt8u-00088-00020376-00020630": "images where they add value to the page", "0klxIhvAt8u-00089-00020631-00020863": "use appropriate page titles and headings", "0klxIhvAt8u-00090-00020864-00021150": "to provide context remember your users", "0klxIhvAt8u-00091-00021151-00021367": "and how they might be searching for your", "0klxIhvAt8u-00092-00021368-00021591": "content visually what are the words and", "0klxIhvAt8u-00093-00021592-00021878": "phrases they might use and are you using", "0klxIhvAt8u-00094-00021879-00022063": "them on the right pages", "0klxIhvAt8u-00095-00022064-00022358": "next optimize image placement whenever", "0klxIhvAt8u-00096-00022359-00022639": "possible place images near relevant text", "0klxIhvAt8u-00097-00022640-00022894": "and ideally provide a caption close to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00098-00022895-00023014": "the image", "0klxIhvAt8u-00099-00023015-00023222": "consider placing the most important", "0klxIhvAt8u-00100-00023223-00023519": "image near the top of the page", "0klxIhvAt8u-00101-00023520-00023767": "don't embed important text inside of", "0klxIhvAt8u-00102-00023768-00024030": "images in particular avoid doing that", "0klxIhvAt8u-00103-00024031-00024311": "for page headings and menu items", "0klxIhvAt8u-00104-00024312-00024519": "not all users and search engines can", "0klxIhvAt8u-00105-00024520-00024799": "access text and images translation tools", "0klxIhvAt8u-00106-00024800-00025030": "won't work on images and often these", "0klxIhvAt8u-00107-00025031-00025263": "images don't make particularly useful", "0klxIhvAt8u-00108-00025264-00025471": "previews for your site", "0klxIhvAt8u-00109-00025472-00025767": "use alt attributes these alt attributes", "0klxIhvAt8u-00110-00025768-00026046": "are a way to provide information about", "0klxIhvAt8u-00111-00026047-00026270": "the image to users who can't see the", "0klxIhvAt8u-00112-00026272-00026543": "images this is good for accessibility as", "0klxIhvAt8u-00113-00026544-00026758": "well as for search engines", "0klxIhvAt8u-00114-00026760-00027023": "use high quality images high quality", "0klxIhvAt8u-00115-00027024-00027302": "images appeal to users more than blurry", "0klxIhvAt8u-00116-00027304-00027583": "unclear low resolution images sharp", "0klxIhvAt8u-00117-00027583-00027807": "images are often more appealing in the", "0klxIhvAt8u-00118-00027808-00028039": "result thumbnail and increase the", "0klxIhvAt8u-00119-00028039-00028343": "likelihood of getting traffic from users", "0klxIhvAt8u-00120-00028344-00028558": "create informative and high quality", "0klxIhvAt8u-00121-00028560-00028855": "sites good content on your pages is just", "0klxIhvAt8u-00122-00028856-00029070": "as important as visual content for", "0klxIhvAt8u-00123-00029072-00029358": "google images it provides context and", "0klxIhvAt8u-00124-00029360-00029567": "makes the results more actionable for", "0klxIhvAt8u-00125-00029568-00029823": "users page content may be used to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00126-00029824-00030062": "generate a text snippet for the image", "0klxIhvAt8u-00127-00030063-00030270": "and google considers page content", "0klxIhvAt8u-00128-00030272-00030495": "quality when ranking images", "0klxIhvAt8u-00129-00030495-00030783": "create mobile and desktop friendly sites", "0klxIhvAt8u-00130-00030783-00031031": "user search on google images more from", "0klxIhvAt8u-00131-00031032-00031302": "mobile than on desktop it's important", "0klxIhvAt8u-00132-00031303-00031583": "that you design your site for all device", "0klxIhvAt8u-00133-00031583-00031823": "types and sizes use a mobile-friendly", "0klxIhvAt8u-00134-00031824-00032055": "testing tool to test how well your pages", "0klxIhvAt8u-00135-00032056-00032262": "work on mobile devices", "0klxIhvAt8u-00136-00032263-00032543": "then use a good url structure for your", "0klxIhvAt8u-00137-00032544-00032846": "image files google uses the url path as", "0klxIhvAt8u-00138-00032847-00033007": "well as a file name to help it", "0klxIhvAt8u-00139-00033008-00033190": "understand your images", "0klxIhvAt8u-00140-00033191-00033423": "consider organizing your images content", "0klxIhvAt8u-00141-00033424-00033743": "so that urls are constructed logically", "0klxIhvAt8u-00142-00033744-00034039": "avoid changing your image urls and use", "0klxIhvAt8u-00143-00034040-00034262": "301 redirects when they do need to be", "0klxIhvAt8u-00144-00034263-00034359": "changed", "0klxIhvAt8u-00145-00034360-00034543": "images tend not to be crawled as", "0klxIhvAt8u-00146-00034544-00034727": "frequently as web pages so it's", "0klxIhvAt8u-00147-00034728-00034974": "important to use persistent urls for", "0klxIhvAt8u-00148-00034975-00035071": "them", "0klxIhvAt8u-00149-00035072-00035343": "and when it comes to urls make sure", "0klxIhvAt8u-00150-00035344-00035607": "they're not blocked by robot's text if", "0klxIhvAt8u-00151-00035608-00035790": "you'd like them used as previews on", "0klxIhvAt8u-00152-00035791-00035974": "google", "0klxIhvAt8u-00153-00035975-00036246": "let's briefly talk about robot's text if", "0klxIhvAt8u-00154-00036247-00036462": "you don't want images from your pages to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00155-00036463-00036646": "be shown in search", "0klxIhvAt8u-00156-00036647-00036887": "a good way to do that is to disallow", "0klxIhvAt8u-00157-00036888-00037143": "their crawling in the robot's text file", "0klxIhvAt8u-00158-00037144-00037367": "this file needs to be in a specific", "0klxIhvAt8u-00159-00037368-00037615": "machine readable format so it's good to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00160-00037616-00037774": "double check that you're blocking the", "0klxIhvAt8u-00161-00037775-00038015": "appropriate urls properly and not", "0klxIhvAt8u-00162-00038016-00038151": "blocking too much", "0klxIhvAt8u-00163-00038152-00038374": "while we feel it's often useful to allow", "0klxIhvAt8u-00164-00038375-00038559": "users to search visually for your", "0klxIhvAt8u-00165-00038560-00038807": "content this is ultimately your decision", "0klxIhvAt8u-00166-00038808-00039046": "as a site owner", "0klxIhvAt8u-00167-00039047-00039183": "that's a lot", "0klxIhvAt8u-00168-00039184-00039367": "following these general best practices", "0klxIhvAt8u-00169-00039368-00039567": "will definitely help search engines to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00170-00039568-00039743": "better understand your site's images", "0klxIhvAt8u-00171-00039744-00039990": "already if you want to go further we", "0klxIhvAt8u-00172-00039991-00040183": "also have some advanced techniques to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00173-00040184-00040407": "consider add appropriate structured data", "0klxIhvAt8u-00174-00040408-00040623": "markup structured data is a way of", "0klxIhvAt8u-00175-00040624-00040751": "providing machine machine-readable", "0klxIhvAt8u-00176-00040752-00040855": "information", "0klxIhvAt8u-00177-00040856-00041102": "about your pages and their content", "0klxIhvAt8u-00178-00041103-00041327": "depending on the type of page you might", "0klxIhvAt8u-00179-00041328-00041574": "use different kinds of structured data", "0klxIhvAt8u-00180-00041575-00041902": "for example a recipe page may use recipe", "0klxIhvAt8u-00181-00041903-00042190": "structure data a news article might use", "0klxIhvAt8u-00182-00042191-00042430": "news article structured data and an", "0klxIhvAt8u-00183-00042431-00042630": "e-commerce site might use product", "0klxIhvAt8u-00184-00042631-00042902": "structure data we have information about", "0klxIhvAt8u-00185-00042903-00043071": "all kinds of structured data in our", "0klxIhvAt8u-00186-00043072-00043295": "developer documentation consider", "0klxIhvAt8u-00187-00043296-00043567": "allowing large image previews including", "0klxIhvAt8u-00188-00043568-00043815": "compelling high quality images in your", "0klxIhvAt8u-00189-00043816-00044030": "content is more likely to generate", "0klxIhvAt8u-00190-00044031-00044262": "visits from discover for large image", "0klxIhvAt8u-00191-00044263-00044446": "previews the images need to be", "0klxIhvAt8u-00192-00044447-00044646": "appropriately sized and the feature", "0klxIhvAt8u-00193-00044647-00044918": "needs to be enabled either with the max", "0klxIhvAt8u-00194-00044919-00045223": "image preview large robots meta tag or", "0klxIhvAt8u-00195-00045224-00045423": "by using amp", "0klxIhvAt8u-00196-00045424-00045679": "when providing images add licensing", "0klxIhvAt8u-00197-00045680-00045871": "information this helps users to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00198-00045872-00046111": "understand the opportunity to license", "0klxIhvAt8u-00199-00046112-00046367": "images shows appropriate image credits", "0klxIhvAt8u-00200-00046368-00046599": "and makes it easier for them to acquire", "0klxIhvAt8u-00201-00046600-00046807": "a license for the image", "0klxIhvAt8u-00202-00046808-00047007": "this can be done with structured data on", "0klxIhvAt8u-00203-00047008-00047351": "the page or metadata within the image", "0klxIhvAt8u-00204-00047352-00047502": "consider speed", "0klxIhvAt8u-00205-00047503-00047743": "images are often the largest contributor", "0klxIhvAt8u-00206-00047744-00047974": "to the overall page size", "0klxIhvAt8u-00207-00047975-00048262": "we recommend applying image optimization", "0klxIhvAt8u-00208-00048263-00048567": "using lazy loading and responsive image", "0klxIhvAt8u-00209-00048568-00048799": "techniques to provide high quality and", "0klxIhvAt8u-00210-00048800-00049062": "fast user experiences depending on your", "0klxIhvAt8u-00211-00049063-00049318": "website amp pages may also be an option", "0klxIhvAt8u-00212-00049319-00049567": "for making fast loading pages that's", "0klxIhvAt8u-00213-00049568-00049799": "quite a bit to keep in mind but how do", "0klxIhvAt8u-00214-00049800-00050062": "you get started a good general approach", "0klxIhvAt8u-00215-00050063-00050279": "when reviewing and improving a website", "0klxIhvAt8u-00216-00050280-00050479": "is to pick a sample of pages from", "0klxIhvAt8u-00217-00050480-00050727": "various parts of your website and to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00218-00050728-00050999": "work on those first checking those pages", "0klxIhvAt8u-00219-00051000-00051183": "regularly helps to double check your", "0klxIhvAt8u-00220-00051184-00051399": "progress this will help you determine", "0klxIhvAt8u-00221-00051400-00051630": "which changes to make and how to best", "0klxIhvAt8u-00222-00051632-00051742": "make them", "0klxIhvAt8u-00223-00051744-00051911": "once you've worked it out for a few", "0klxIhvAt8u-00224-00051912-00052150": "pages it's often relatively easy to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00225-00052151-00052494": "apply that to the rest of your website", "0klxIhvAt8u-00226-00052495-00052687": "google search console can help you to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00227-00052688-00052887": "recognize potential problems and", "0klxIhvAt8u-00228-00052888-00053119": "opportunities as well as giving you", "0klxIhvAt8u-00229-00053120-00053366": "insights into how your pages are showing", "0klxIhvAt8u-00230-00053367-00053487": "in search", "0klxIhvAt8u-00231-00053488-00053687": "for example you can confirm that your", "0klxIhvAt8u-00232-00053688-00053911": "structured data is recognized properly", "0klxIhvAt8u-00233-00053912-00054175": "check the site's speed and track how its", "0klxIhvAt8u-00234-00054176-00054407": "images are performing check out the", "0klxIhvAt8u-00235-00054408-00054682": "videos on search console to find out", "0klxIhvAt8u-00236-00054683-00054982": "more the information from this talk is", "0klxIhvAt8u-00237-00054983-00055142": "also available in our developer", "0klxIhvAt8u-00238-00055144-00055366": "documentation i'll add a link to the", "0klxIhvAt8u-00239-00055367-00055542": "description below if you'd like to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00240-00055544-00055679": "follow up there", "0klxIhvAt8u-00241-00055679-00055863": "thanks for watching i hope you found", "0klxIhvAt8u-00242-00055864-00056047": "this lightning talk useful and", "0klxIhvAt8u-00243-00056048-00056159": "insightful", "0klxIhvAt8u-00244-00056160-00056335": "if you have any comments regarding this", "0klxIhvAt8u-00245-00056336-00056566": "session or would like to help us to make", "0klxIhvAt8u-00246-00056567-00056799": "these videos even better please leave a", "0klxIhvAt8u-00247-00056800-00057047": "comment here with the video and as", "0klxIhvAt8u-00248-00057048-00057263": "always if you have any questions feel", "0klxIhvAt8u-00249-00057264-00057447": "free to drop by our help forums to", "0klxIhvAt8u-00250-00057448-00057703": "discuss with the experts contact us on", "0klxIhvAt8u-00251-00057704-00057982": "twitter or join us in one of our events", "0klxIhvAt8u-00252-00057983-00058539": "bye everyone", "0klxIhvAt8u-00253-00058540-00059254": "[Music]", "0klxIhvAt8u-00254-00059255-00059464": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0knwVmdClGo", "text": {"0knwVmdClGo-00000-00000978-00001330": "when disaster or emergency strike that", "0knwVmdClGo-00001-00001331-00001555": "caused major damage to your home or", "0knwVmdClGo-00002-00001556-00001812": "workplace such as fire or flooding", "0knwVmdClGo-00003-00001813-00002047": "naturally you want to restore your", "0knwVmdClGo-00004-00002048-00002335": "property to its original state so if", "0knwVmdClGo-00005-00002336-00002542": "you're looking for professional reliable", "0knwVmdClGo-00006-00002543-00002842": "and affordable fire or flood damage", "0knwVmdClGo-00007-00002843-00003055": "restoration you've come to the right", "0knwVmdClGo-00008-00003056-00003328": "place we're proud to be the premier", "0knwVmdClGo-00009-00003329-00003595": "local restoration company and customer", "0knwVmdClGo-00010-00003596-00003854": "satisfaction is our number one priority", "0knwVmdClGo-00011-00003856-00004153": "we are fully licensed and insured and", "0knwVmdClGo-00012-00004154-00004408": "our restoration specialists have years", "0knwVmdClGo-00013-00004409-00004657": "of experience dealing with every type of", "0knwVmdClGo-00014-00004658-00004954": "situation you can imagine so contact us", "0knwVmdClGo-00015-00004955-00005200": "now and let us help put your property", "0knwVmdClGo-00016-00005201-00005509": "back the way it was hey there thanks for", "0knwVmdClGo-00017-00005510-00005710": "watching our video to get more fresh", "0knwVmdClGo-00018-00005711-00005872": "content regularly click the subscribe", "0knwVmdClGo-00019-00005873-00006148": "button below and then also like us on", "0knwVmdClGo-00020-00006149-00006349": "Facebook and engage with us through", "0knwVmdClGo-00021-00006350-00006570": "social media by clicking these icons", "0knwVmdClGo-00022-00006572-00006850": "that are popping up"}}, {"audio_id": "0kxxU7VLyVc", "text": {"0kxxU7VLyVc-00000-00000000-00000303": "one two three", "0kxxU7VLyVc-00001-00000304-00000800": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0kzjwxW8pNQ", "text": {"0kzjwxW8pNQ-00000-00000043-00000313": "saline or salal canes are unsaturated", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00001-00000314-00000551": "hydrous Ilocano which means that they", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00002-00000552-00000761": "consist only of hydrogen and silicon", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00003-00000762-00000977": "atoms and all bond with the exception of", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00004-00000977-00001172": "one double bond are either single or", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00005-00001173-00001466": "double bonds by definition cycles are", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00006-00001467-00001657": "excluded so that the Celine's comprise", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00007-00001659-00001907": "homologous series of inorganic compounds", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00008-00001907-00002120": "with the general formula CIN 2 + 2 k", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00009-00002121-00002417": "plus 2 k greater than 0 where K is", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00010-00002418-00002612": "defined as the number of double bonds", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00011-00002613-00002950": "there are no commercial sources each", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00012-00002951-00003199": "silicon atom has three or four bonds", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00013-00003200-00003554": "either CH C C or C equals C and each", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00014-00003554-00003763": "hydrogen atom is joined to a silicon", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00015-00003764-00004127": "atom HC bonds a series of linked silicon", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00016-00004128-00004352": "atoms is known as the silicon skeleton", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00017-00004353-00004604": "or silicon backbone the number of", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00018-00004605-00004835": "silicon atoms is used to define the size", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00019-00004836-00005204": "of the Saline eg C - saline a silent", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00020-00005205-00005479": "assassin --all sidechain with the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00021-00005480-00005792": "general formula sin 2 n 2 k plus 1 k", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00022-00005793-00006059": "greater than 0 where K is defined as the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00023-00006060-00006281": "number of double bonds for example in de", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00024-00006282-00006725": "silanol or TR is IL 1 and 1 yl group the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00025-00006726-00006908": "simplest Saline as the parent molecule", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00026-00006909-00007259": "is dis alene silicon hydride there is no", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00027-00007259-00007435": "limit to the number of silicon atoms", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00028-00007436-00007613": "that can be linked together the only", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00029-00007614-00007826": "limitation being that the molecule is", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00030-00007827-00008089": "acyclic is unsaturated and as a Hydra", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00031-00008090-00008389": "silicon for bridge Celine's the brett's", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00032-00008390-00008614": "rule states that a double bond cannot be", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00033-00008615-00008774": "placed at the bridgehead of a bridged", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00034-00008775-00008974": "ring system unless the rings are large", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00035-00008975-00009248": "enough eight or more atoms aromatic", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00036-00009249-00009437": "compounds are often drawn as cyclic", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00037-00009438-00009581": "Celine's but their structure and", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00038-00009582-00009734": "properties are different and they are", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00039-00009735-00009985": "not considered to be Celine's although", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00040-00009986-00010156": "Celine's are mainly of theoretical", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00041-00010157-00010370": "interest substituted Celine's are well", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00042-00010371-00011110": "known class of organic silicon compounds", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00043-00011111-00011627": "topic structure", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00044-00011628-00011906": "like single covalent bonds double bonds", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00045-00011907-00012095": "can be described in terms of overlapping", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00046-00012096-00012326": "atomic orbitals except that unlike a", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00047-00012327-00012533": "single bond which consists of a single", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00048-00012534-00012809": "Sigma bond a silicon silicon double bond", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00049-00012810-00013046": "consists of one Sigma bond and one PI", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00050-00013047-00013325": "bond this double bond is stronger than a", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00051-00013326-00013555": "single covalent bond and also shorter", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00052-00013556-00013871": "each silicon of the double bond uses its", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00053-00013872-00014138": "three sp2 hybrid orbitals to form Sigma", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00054-00014138-00014483": "bonds to 3 atoms the unhybridized 3 P", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00055-00014484-00014716": "atomic orbitals which lie perpendicular", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00056-00014718-00014915": "to the plane created by the axes of the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00057-00014916-00015185": "3 SP squared hybrid orbitals combined to", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00058-00015186-00015476": "form the PI bond this bond lies outside", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00059-00015477-00015746": "the main C C axis with half of the bond", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00060-00015747-00015985": "on one side and half on the other", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00061-00015986-00016232": "rotation about the silicon-silicon", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00062-00016233-00016444": "double bond is not restricted because it", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00063-00016445-00016628": "involves breaking the PI bond which", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00064-00016629-00016913": "requires a small amount of energy as a", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00065-00016914-00017168": "consequence substituted alkenes may not", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00066-00017169-00017465": "exist as one of two isomers it is", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00067-00017466-00017654": "certainly possible to twist a double", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00068-00017655-00018162": "bond", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00069-00018163-00018668": "topic history", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00070-00018669-00018881": "the first transient DISA lien was", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00071-00018882-00019202": "synthesized in 1972 by DN Rourke and", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00072-00019203-00019475": "Gary JD peddle the first thermally", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00073-00019476-00019679": "stable DISA lien tetra mass it'll disel", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00074-00019680-00019976": "Ain was described in 1981 by West Fink", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00075-00019977-00020237": "and Mitchell it was prepared by UV", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00076-00020238-00020453": "photolysis of the related cyclic try", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00077-00020454-00020822": "silane to see miss it'll two three three", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00078-00020823-00021533": "miss it'll to C equals C miss it'll to", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00079-00021534-00021818": "topic properties", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00080-00021819-00022051": "you", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00081-00022052-00022270": "simple DISA liens are very reactive", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00082-00022271-00022447": "species and easily undergo", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00083-00022448-00022666": "polymerization or other reactions so", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00084-00022667-00022927": "their life is very short to prevent this", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00085-00022928-00023173": "polymerization and other reactions bulky", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00086-00023174-00023374": "substituents are used to stabilize DISA", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00087-00023375-00023560": "liens effectively for long term survival", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00088-00023561-00023853": "in dilute solution and even in crystals", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00089-00023854-00024112": "stable DISA liens are generally yellow", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00090-00024113-00024345": "or orange colored crystalline compounds", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00091-00024346-00024646": "the C equals C double bond lengths of", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00092-00024647-00024841": "dis aleene's vary between two point one", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00093-00024842-00025033": "four and two point two nine and are", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00094-00025034-00025249": "nearly 5 to 10 percent shorter than the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00095-00025250-00025480": "CC single bond lengths of corresponding", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00096-00025481-00025783": "dis lanes this rate of bond shortening", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00097-00025783-00026110": "is less than CA 13% in carbon compounds", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00098-00026111-00026299": "but is short enough for true double bond", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00099-00026300-00026632": "characteristics a further peculiarity of", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00100-00026633-00026836": "dis aleene's as the trans bending of the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00101-00026837-00027033": "substituents which is never observed in", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00102-00027035-00027327": "alkenes the trans bent angles of dis", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00103-00027329-00027550": "aleene's between the r2c planes and the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00104-00027551-00027811": "C equals C vector range from 0 to 33", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00105-00027812-00028108": "point eight degrees this distortion is", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00106-00028108-00028306": "rationalized by the stability of the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00107-00028307-00028527": "corresponding saline fragments although", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00108-00028529-00028755": "dis aleene's do not typically dissociate", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00109-00028756-00029047": "the distorted geometry of dis aleene's", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00110-00029048-00029254": "can be rationalized by considering the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00111-00029255-00029494": "valence orbitals of silicon which are 3s", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00112-00029495-00029752": "and 3p whereas those of carbon or 2s and", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00113-00029752-00030082": "2p thus the energy gap between the N s", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00114-00030083-00030316": "and n P orbitals of a silicon atom is", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00115-00030317-00030527": "larger than that of a carbon atom", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00116-00030529-00030781": "therefore sila lien fragments are in a", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00117-00030782-00030979": "singlet state while carbon fragments are", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00118-00030980-00031273": "in a triplet state so when double bonds", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00119-00031274-00031432": "are formed by the interaction of these", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00120-00031433-00031606": "two fragments this aleene's which", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00121-00031607-00031792": "consists of two sila lien units are", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00122-00031793-00032014": "trans bending and alkenes which consists", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00123-00032014-00032266": "of two carbon units are planar the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00124-00032267-00032461": "bending is even more extreme for the 10", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00125-00032462-00033097": "analogues of dis Aline's", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00126-00033098-00033618": "topic synthesis", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00127-00033619-00033876": "DISA liens are generally synthesized by", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00128-00033877-00034119": "reduction of one to die holida silane by", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00129-00034120-00034332": "retro diels-alder fragmentation by", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00130-00034333-00034548": "dimerization of Cylon liens by photo", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00131-00034549-00034770": "fragmentation of cyclo policy lanes or", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00132-00034771-00035027": "by rearrangement of silo Silla lanes a", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00133-00035028-00035637": "series of 1 1 1 4 4 4 h EXA al Kyl 2 3", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00134-00035638-00035763": "bist trialkyl Scylla", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00135-00035764-00036021": "Tetris L 2 NS structural analogues are", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00136-00036022-00036234": "typically synthesized using reductive", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00137-00036235-00036552": "coupling of the corresponding 1 1 1 3 3", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00138-00036553-00037474": "3 H exa al Kyl 2 3 try bro motors lanes", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00139-00037475-00037999": "topic nomenclature", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00140-00038000-00038343": "you", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00141-00038344-00038960": "topic IUPAC names", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00142-00038961-00039245": "to form the root of the IUPAC names for", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00143-00039246-00039458": "Celine's simply change the in infix of", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00144-00039459-00039742": "the parent to n for example silicon", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00145-00039743-00039980": "hydride silicon hydride as the silane", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00146-00039981-00040235": "dis elaine the name of silicon hydride", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00147-00040236-00040471": "equals silicon hydride is therefore dis", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00148-00040472-00040780": "elaine in higher Celine's where isomers", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00149-00040781-00040976": "exist that differ in location of the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00150-00040977-00041146": "double bond the following numbering", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00151-00041147-00041423": "system is used number the longest", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00152-00041424-00041627": "silicon chain that contains the double", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00153-00041628-00041786": "bond in the direction that gives the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00154-00041787-00041980": "silicon atoms of the double-bond the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00155-00041981-00042274": "lowest possible numbers indicate the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00156-00042275-00042439": "location of the double bond by the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00157-00042440-00042739": "location of its first silicon named", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00158-00042740-00042964": "branched or substituted Salim's in a", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00159-00042965-00043274": "manner similar to silane x' number the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00160-00043275-00043454": "silicon atoms locate and named", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00161-00043455-00043661": "substituent groups locate the double", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00162-00043662-00044310": "bond and name the main chain", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00163-00044311-00044862": "topic organo Celine's", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00164-00044863-00045126": "the organisms are a group of chemical", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00165-00045127-00045291": "compounds derived from Celine's", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00166-00045292-00045495": "containing one or more organic groups", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00167-00045496-00045756": "they are a subset of the general class", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00168-00045757-00045945": "of organic silicones although the", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00169-00045946-00046595": "distinction is not often made", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00170-00046596-00047122": "topic see also", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00171-00047123-00047557": "dis alain de cylinder on a silicon", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00172-00047558-00047962": "chemistry double bond rule try salah", "0kzjwxW8pNQ-00173-00047963-00048184": "lien"}}, {"audio_id": "0kBZMP4s0u0", "text": {"0kBZMP4s0u0-00000-00003539-00005166": "[Music]", "0kBZMP4s0u0-00001-00005167-00010231": "[Music]", "0kBZMP4s0u0-00002-00010232-00010439": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "0kSWQZ_WSUg", "text": {"0kSWQZ_WSUg-00000-00000068-00000509": "Cincinnati sin sih natty is a major city", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00001-00000509-00000782": "in the United States state of Ohio and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00002-00000783-00000970": "as the government seed of Hamilton", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00003-00000971-00001397": "County settled in 1788 the city is", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00004-00001398-00001609": "located at the northern side of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00005-00001610-00001805": "confluence of the Licking and Ohio", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00006-00001805-00002048": "rivers the latter of which marks the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00007-00002049-00002381": "state line with Kentucky the city drives", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00008-00002382-00002617": "the Cincinnati Middletown Wilmington", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00009-00002618-00002873": "combined Statistical Area which had a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00010-00002874-00003127": "population of two million one hundred", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00011-00003128-00003361": "seventy two thousand one hundred ninety", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00012-00003363-00003674": "one in the 2010 census making it Ohio's", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00013-00003675-00003992": "largest metropolitan area with a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00014-00003993-00004508": "population of 300 1301 Cincinnati as the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00015-00004509-00004799": "third largest city in Ohio and sixty", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00016-00004800-00005072": "fifth in the United States its", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00017-00005073-00005363": "metropolitan area as the fastest growing", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00018-00005364-00005618": "economic power in the Midwestern United", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00019-00005619-00005884": "States based on increase of economic", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00020-00005885-00006116": "output and is the 28th biggest", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00021-00006117-00006374": "metropolitan statistical area in the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00022-00006375-00006634": "u.s. Cincinnati is also within a half", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00023-00006636-00006921": "day's drive of 60% of the United States", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00024-00006922-00007283": "populous in the 19th century Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00025-00007284-00007526": "was an American boomtown in the heart of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00026-00007527-00007787": "the country throughout much of the 19th", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00027-00007788-00008120": "century it was listed among the top ten", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00028-00008120-00008423": "u.s. cities by population surpassed only", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00029-00008424-00008683": "by New Orleans and the older established", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00030-00008684-00008951": "settlements of the United States eastern", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00031-00008952-00009176": "seaboard as well as being the sixth", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00032-00009177-00009503": "biggest city for a period spanning 1840", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00033-00009504-00009910": "until 1860 as Cincinnati was the first", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00034-00009911-00010121": "city founded after the American", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00035-00010122-00010349": "Revolution as well as the first major", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00036-00010350-00010556": "inland city in the country", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00037-00010557-00010769": "it is regarded as the first purely", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00038-00010770-00010996": "American city", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00039-00010997-00011201": "Cincinnati developed with fewer", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00040-00011202-00011410": "immigrants and less influence from", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00041-00011411-00011635": "Europe than East Coast cities in the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00042-00011636-00011969": "same period however it received a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00043-00011970-00012203": "significant number of German immigrants", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00044-00012204-00012442": "who founded many of the city's cultural", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00045-00012443-00012788": "institutions by the end of the 19th", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00046-00012789-00013030": "century with the shift from steamboats", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00047-00013031-00013232": "two railroads drawing off freight", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00048-00013233-00013397": "shipping trade pattern", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00049-00013397-00013604": "had altered and Cincinnati's growth", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00050-00013605-00013913": "slowed considerably the city was", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00051-00013913-00014180": "surpassed in population by other inland", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00052-00014181-00014435": "cities particularly Chicago which", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00053-00014436-00014669": "developed based on strong commodity", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00054-00014669-00014963": "exploitation economics and the railroads", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00055-00014963-00015227": "and st. Louis which four decades after", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00056-00015228-00015463": "the Civil War served as the Gateway to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00057-00015465-00015905": "westward migration Cincinnati is home to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00058-00015906-00016178": "three major sports teams the Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00059-00016179-00016408": "Reds of Major League Baseball the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00060-00016409-00016616": "Cincinnati Bengals of the National", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00061-00016617-00016844": "Football League an FC Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00062-00016845-00017053": "currently playing in the second division", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00063-00017054-00017353": "United Soccer League but moving to Major", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00064-00017354-00017736": "League Soccer Division one in 2019 the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00065-00017737-00018028": "city's largest institution of higher", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00066-00018029-00018272": "education the University of Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00067-00018273-00018638": "was founded in 1819 as a municipal", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00068-00018639-00018866": "College and is now ranked as one of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00069-00018867-00019174": "50 largest in the United States", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00070-00019175-00019411": "Cincinnati is home to historic", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00071-00019412-00019669": "architecture with many structures in the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00072-00019670-00019915": "urban core having remained intact for", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00073-00019916-00020362": "200 years in the late 1800s Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00074-00020363-00020680": "was commonly referred to as the Paris of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00075-00020681-00020996": "America due mainly to such ambitious", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00076-00020997-00021244": "architectural projects as the Music Hall", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00077-00021245-00021497": "Cincinnati and hotel and shillitoe", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00078-00021498-00021836": "department store Cincinnati as the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00079-00021837-00022084": "birthplace of William Howard Taft the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00080-00022085-00022877": "27th President of the United States", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00081-00022878-00023411": "topic history", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00082-00023412-00023825": "Cincinnati began in 1788 when Mathias", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00083-00023826-00024066": "Denman Colonel Robert Patterson and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00084-00024067-00024314": "Israel Ludlow landed at a spot at the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00085-00024315-00024561": "northern bank of the Ohio opposite the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00086-00024562-00024734": "mouth of the Licking and decided to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00087-00024735-00025094": "settle there the original surveyor John", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00088-00025095-00025583": "Filson named it losantiville in 1790", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00089-00025584-00025820": "Arthur Street Clair the governor of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00090-00025822-00026058": "Northwest Territory changed the name of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00091-00026058-00026436": "the settlement to Cincinnati in honor of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00092-00026437-00026712": "the Society of the Cincinnati made up of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00093-00026713-00026987": "Revolutionary War veterans of which he", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00094-00026988-00027243": "was a member which was in turn named for", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00095-00027244-00027527": "Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus a dictator in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00096-00027528-00027783": "the early Roman Republic who saved Rome", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00097-00027783-00028002": "from a crisis and then retired to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00098-00028002-00028236": "farming because he didn't want to remain", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00099-00028237-00028490": "in power the introduction of steamboats", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00100-00028491-00028836": "on the Ohio River in 1811 opened up the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00101-00028837-00029079": "city's trade to more rapid shipping and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00102-00029080-00029315": "the city established commercial ties", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00103-00029316-00029595": "with st. Louis Missouri and New Orleans", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00104-00029595-00029982": "downriver Cincinnati was incorporated as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00105-00029983-00030408": "a city on March 1st 1819 exporting pork", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00106-00030408-00030668": "products and hay it became a center of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00107-00030669-00031058": "pork processing in the region from 1810", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00108-00031059-00031392": "to 1830 its population nearly tripled", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00109-00031393-00031635": "from nine thousand six hundred forty two", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00110-00031636-00031860": "to twenty four thousand eight hundred", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00111-00031861-00032012": "thirty-one", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00112-00032013-00032274": "completion of the Miami and Erie Canal", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00113-00032275-00032667": "in 1827 to Middletown Ohio further", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00114-00032668-00032892": "stimulated businesses and employers", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00115-00032893-00033132": "struggled to hire enough people to fill", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00116-00033133-00033456": "positions the city had a labor shortage", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00117-00033457-00033752": "until large waves of immigration by", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00118-00033753-00034164": "Irish and Germans in the late 1840s the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00119-00034165-00034407": "city grew rapidly over the next two", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00120-00034408-00034764": "decades reaching 115 thousand people by", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00121-00034765-00035073": "the year 1850 construction on the Miami", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00122-00035074-00035523": "and Erie Canal began on July 21st 1825", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00123-00035524-00035742": "when it was called the Miami canal", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00124-00035743-00036008": "related to its origin at the Great Miami", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00125-00036009-00036360": "River the first section of the canal was", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00126-00036361-00036705": "opened for business in 1827", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00127-00036706-00037077": "in 1827 the canal connected cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00128-00037078-00037407": "to nearby middletown by 1840 it had", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00129-00037408-00037734": "reached toledo during this period of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00130-00037735-00038019": "rapid expansion and prominence residents", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00131-00038020-00038247": "of cincinnati began referring to the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00132-00038248-00038887": "city as the queen city", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00133-00038888-00039265": "topic industrial development and Gilded", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00134-00039266-00039618": "Age", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00135-00039619-00039912": "after the steamboats railroads were the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00136-00039913-00040108": "next major form of commercial", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00137-00040109-00040473": "transportation to come to Cincinnati in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00138-00040474-00040795": "1836 the Little Miami railroad was", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00139-00040796-00041083": "chartered construction began soon after", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00140-00041084-00041323": "to connect Cincinnati with the Mad River", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00141-00041324-00041586": "and Lake Erie Railroad and provide", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00142-00041587-00041842": "access to the ports of the Sandusky Bay", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00143-00041843-00042108": "on Lake Erie Cincinnati acted as a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00144-00042109-00042442": "border town during the slave-owning", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00145-00042443-00042918": "period between 1810 and 1863 its", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00146-00042919-00043180": "location on the border between the free", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00147-00043181-00043423": "state of Ohio and the slave state of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00148-00043424-00043648": "Kentucky made it a prominent location", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00149-00043649-00043899": "for slaves to escape the slave owning", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00150-00043900-00044251": "South many prominent abolitionist is", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00151-00044252-00044490": "also called Cincinnati their home during", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00152-00044491-00044748": "this period and made it a popular stop", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00153-00044749-00045180": "on the Underground Railroad in 2004 the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00154-00045181-00045370": "National Underground Railroad Freedom", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00155-00045371-00045673": "Center was completed along freedom way", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00156-00045674-00045915": "in downtown honoring the city's past", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00157-00045916-00046132": "involvement in the Underground Railroad", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00158-00046133-00046638": "in 1859 Cincinnati laid out six", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00159-00046639-00046893": "streetcar lines the cars were pulled by", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00160-00046894-00047124": "horses and the lines made it easier for", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00161-00047125-00047582": "people to get around the city by 1872", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00162-00047583-00047808": "Cincinnatians could travel on the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00163-00047809-00048067": "streetcars within the city and transfer", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00164-00048068-00048288": "to rail cars for travel to the hill", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00165-00048289-00048607": "communities the Cincinnati inclined", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00166-00048608-00048858": "plane company began transporting people", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00167-00048859-00049107": "to the top of Mount Auburn that year in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00168-00049108-00049407": "1880 the city government completed the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00169-00049408-00049579": "Cincinnati Southern Railway to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00170-00049580-00049890": "Chattanooga Tennessee it is the only", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00171-00049891-00050170": "municipal II owned interstate railway in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00172-00050171-00050389": "the United States", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00173-00050390-00050731": "in 1884 outrage over a manslaughter", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00174-00050732-00050965": "verdict in what many observers thought", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00175-00050966-00051214": "was a clear case of murder triggered the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00176-00051215-00051412": "courthouse riots one of the most", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00177-00051413-00051690": "destructive riots in American history", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00178-00051691-00052084": "over the course of three days 56 people", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00179-00052085-00052353": "were killed and over 300 were injured", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00180-00052354-00052692": "the riots ended the regime of political", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00181-00052694-00052978": "bosses John roll MacLean and Thomas C", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00182-00052979-00053395": "Campbell in Cincinnati in 1889 the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00183-00053396-00053626": "Cincinnati streetcar system began", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00184-00053627-00053866": "converting its horse-drawn cars to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00185-00053866-00054490": "electric streetcars", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00186-00054491-00055091": "topic during the Great Depression", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00187-00055091-00055415": "an early rejuvenation of downtown began", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00188-00055416-00055705": "in the 1920s and continued into the next", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00189-00055707-00055940": "decade with the construction of Union", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00190-00055941-00056174": "Terminal the post office and the large", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00191-00056175-00056413": "Cincinnati and suburban telephone", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00192-00056414-00056747": "company building Cincinnati weathered", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00193-00056748-00056941": "the Great Depression better than most", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00194-00056942-00057241": "American cities of its size largely due", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00195-00057242-00057485": "to a resurgence in river trade which was", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00196-00057486-00057734": "less expensive than transporting goods", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00197-00057735-00058184": "by rail the flood in 1937 was one of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00198-00058185-00058381": "worst in the nation's history and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00199-00058382-00058637": "destroyed many areas along the Ohio", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00200-00058638-00058934": "Valley afterward the city built", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00201-00058935-00059545": "protective flood walls", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00202-00059546-00060079": "topic nicknames", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00203-00060080-00060404": "Cincinnati has many nicknames including", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00204-00060405-00060804": "cincy the Queen City the queen of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00205-00060804-00061296": "West the blue-chip city and the city of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00206-00061297-00061614": "Seven Hills these are more typically", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00207-00061615-00061829": "associated with professional academic", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00208-00061830-00062148": "and public relations references to the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00209-00062149-00062394": "city including restaurant names such as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00210-00062395-00062649": "blue chip cookies and are not commonly", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00211-00062650-00062992": "used by locals in casual conversation", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00212-00062994-00063483": "the classic nickname Queen City is taken", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00213-00063484-00063755": "from an 1819 newspaper article", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00214-00063757-00063957": "discovered by the church of ouzo and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00215-00063958-00064176": "confirmed by the Cincinnati Public", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00216-00064177-00064629": "Library HTTP colon slash slash web dot", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00217-00064629-00065070": "archive.org slash web / 201 six oh three", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00218-00065071-00065448": "two four one nine four three four seven", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00219-00065449-00066087": "slash HTTP colon slash slash WWH - of -", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00220-00066088-00066465": "Oh SOCOM slash PDF slash public -", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00221-00066466-00066876": "library - of - Cincinnati PD of closing", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00222-00066877-00067119": "parenthesis and further immortalized by", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00223-00067120-00067590": "the 1854 poem Catawba wine in it Henry", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00224-00067591-00067936": "Wadsworth Longfellow wrote of the city", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00225-00067937-00068275": "and this song of the vine this greeting", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00226-00068276-00068617": "of mine the winds and the birds shall", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00227-00068618-00069073": "deliver to the queen of the West in her", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00228-00069074-00069259": "Garland's dressed", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00229-00069260-00069499": "on the banks of the beautiful river in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00230-00069500-00069898": "the 1840s and 1850s Cincinnati was the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00231-00069899-00070153": "largest US city not located on the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00232-00070154-00070499": "Atlantic Ocean or Gulf of Mexico", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00233-00070500-00070793": "Cincinnati for many years was known as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00234-00070794-00071167": "porkopolis a name perhaps not much", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00235-00071168-00071382": "coveted by the citizens of the Queen", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00236-00071383-00071665": "City but justified possibly by the large", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00237-00071666-00071911": "pork interests centered here for several", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00238-00071912-00072255": "decades newer nicknames such as that not", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00239-00072256-00072553": "tea are emerging and are attempted to be", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00240-00072554-00072918": "used in different cultural contexts for", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00241-00072919-00073106": "example a local litter prevention", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00242-00073107-00073336": "campaign uses the slogan", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00243-00073337-00073717": "don't trash that not tea the city of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00244-00073718-00074055": "Seven Hills is another name for city", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00245-00074056-00074329": "when the city was younger and smaller", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00246-00074330-00074653": "the June 1853 edition of the West", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00247-00074654-00075024": "American Review article 3 Cincinnati its", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00248-00075025-00075321": "relations to the west and south", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00249-00075322-00075637": "described and named seven specific hills", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00250-00075638-00075918": "the hills form a crescent around the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00251-00075919-00076210": "city Mount Adams Walnut Hills Mount", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00252-00076211-00076474": "Auburn Vine Street Hill College Hill", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00253-00076475-00076557": "Fairmont", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00254-00076558-00076737": "now rendered Fairmount and Mount", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00255-00076738-00077059": "Harrison now known as Price Hill the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00256-00077060-00077299": "name refers to ancient Rome that is", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00257-00077300-00078045": "reputed to be built on seven hills", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00258-00078046-00078594": "topic society", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00259-00078595-00078873": "like all major cities in the United", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00260-00078874-00079149": "States Cincinnati was proliferated by", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00261-00079150-00079455": "Americans but also Ulster Scots known as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00262-00079456-00079728": "the scots-irish frontiersman and kill", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00263-00079729-00080057": "boaters most of Cincinnati's longtime", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00264-00080058-00080259": "residents have kinships rooted", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00265-00080260-00080472": "throughout the Ohio Kentucky Indiana", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00266-00080473-00080801": "tri-state and deeper the First Methodist", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00267-00080802-00081231": "class came about in 1798 city residents", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00268-00081232-00081441": "for years already inspired by the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00269-00081442-00081662": "Methodist circuit preachers among", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00270-00081663-00081873": "Methodist Institute's were the Christ", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00271-00081874-00082100": "hospital as well as projects of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00272-00082101-00082509": "German Methodist Church Cincinnati being", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00273-00082510-00082763": "on the heartland plane depended on trade", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00274-00082764-00082976": "with the slave states south of the Ohio", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00275-00082977-00083268": "River at a time when thousands of black", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00276-00083269-00083493": "people were settling in the free state", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00277-00083494-00083831": "of Ohio most of them came after the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00278-00083832-00084056": "Civil War and were from Kentucky and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00279-00084057-00084306": "Virginia with many of them fugitives who", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00280-00084307-00084518": "had sought freedom and work in the north", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00281-00084519-00084857": "in the antebellum years the majority of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00282-00084858-00085125": "native-born whites in the city came from", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00283-00085126-00085400": "northern states primarily Pennsylvania", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00284-00085401-00085832": "though 57% of White's migrated from free", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00285-00085833-00086196": "states 26% were from southern states and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00286-00086197-00086412": "they retained their cultural support for", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00287-00086413-00086742": "slavery this quickly led to tensions", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00288-00086743-00087000": "between pro-slavery residents and those", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00289-00087001-00087257": "in favor of abolitionism and lifting", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00290-00087258-00087518": "restrictions on free people of color as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00291-00087519-00087954": "codified in the black code of 1804", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00292-00087955-00088157": "Germans were among the earliest", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00293-00088158-00088437": "newcomers migrating from Pennsylvania", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00294-00088438-00088625": "and the back country of Virginia and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00295-00088626-00088854": "Tennessee General David Ziegler", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00296-00088855-00089126": "succeeded General st. Clair in command", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00297-00089127-00089466": "at Fort Washington after the conclusion", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00298-00089467-00089712": "of the Northwest Indian War and removal", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00299-00089713-00089967": "of Native Americans to the west he was", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00300-00089968-00090182": "elected as Cincinnati's first town", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00301-00090183-00090596": "president equivalent to a mayor in 1802", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00302-00090597-00090900": "Cincinnati was influenced by Irishmen", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00303-00090901-00091193": "impressions and Saxons northern Germans", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00304-00091194-00091451": "seeking to emigrate away from crowding", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00305-00091452-00091856": "and strife in 1830 residents with German", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00306-00091857-00091975": "roots made up", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00307-00091976-00092210": "five percent of the population as many", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00308-00092211-00092435": "had migrated from Pennsylvania", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00309-00092436-00092660": "ten years later this had increased to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00310-00092661-00093071": "30% thousands of mostly Catholic Germans", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00311-00093072-00093280": "entered the city after the Prussian", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00312-00093281-00093697": "Revolution of 1848 and by 1900 more than", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00313-00093698-00094010": "60% of its population was of Prussian", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00314-00094011-00094294": "background the menial job", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00315-00094295-00094567": "aggravated Irish often organized mobs", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00316-00094568-00094796": "and the Germans far away from their", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00317-00094797-00095035": "Pennsylvania Dutch connections did the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00318-00095036-00095401": "same thus leaders of the city had to use", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00319-00095402-00095653": "fortifying measures against the arrivals", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00320-00095654-00095817": "clashes", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00321-00095818-00096144": "volatile social conditions sorry it's in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00322-00096145-00096483": "1829 when many blacks lost their homes", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00323-00096484-00096813": "and property as the Irish entered the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00324-00096814-00097113": "city in the late 1840s they competed", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00325-00097114-00097323": "with blacks at the lower levels of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00326-00097324-00097683": "economy white led riots against Blacks", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00327-00097684-00098031": "occurred in 1836 when an abolitionist", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00328-00098032-00098399": "press was twice destroyed and in 1842", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00329-00098400-00098709": "more than one thousand blacks abandoned", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00330-00098710-00099165": "the city after the 1829 riots blacks in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00331-00099166-00099405": "Philadelphia and other major cities", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00332-00099406-00099579": "raised money to help the refugees", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00333-00099580-00100032": "recover from the destruction by 1842", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00334-00100033-00100296": "blacks had become better established in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00335-00100297-00100524": "the city they defended themselves and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00336-00100525-00100725": "their property in the riot and worked", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00337-00100726-00100989": "politically as well the Emma Grays while", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00338-00100990-00101202": "having been widely discussed never", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00339-00101203-00101504": "overtook settlers in population", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00340-00101505-00101778": "Cincinnati has a great preservative", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00341-00101779-00101976": "quality which despite fierce", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00342-00101977-00102216": "sugarcoating of late Piquet's interest", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00343-00102217-00102465": "throughout United States as a great city", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00344-00102466-00102736": "of the north south east and west", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00345-00102738-00103125": "nearby Waynesville Ohio hosts the yearly", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00346-00103126-00103392": "Ohio sauerkraut festival and Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00347-00103393-00103671": "hosts several big yearly events which", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00348-00103672-00103991": "commemorate connections to the old world", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00349-00103992-00104316": "Oktoberfest Zinzinnati bockfest and the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00350-00104317-00104541": "Taste of Cincinnati feature local", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00351-00104542-00104733": "restauranteurs", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00352-00104734-00104978": "Cincinnati's Jewish community was", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00353-00104979-00105182": "developed by those from England and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00354-00105183-00105515": "Germany they developed Reform Judaism in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00355-00105516-00105719": "response to the influences of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00356-00105720-00105938": "Enlightenment and making their new lives", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00357-00105939-00106333": "in the United States Isaac my stemple", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00358-00106334-00106604": "was the first reformed Judaism temple to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00359-00106605-00106853": "be built breaking away from conservative", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00360-00106854-00107174": "and Orthodox Judaism society in a finer", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00361-00107175-00107414": "sense and then the greater aspect of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00362-00107415-00107693": "society which also deals in business", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00363-00107694-00107942": "both have stayed communal in Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00364-00107943-00108208": "compared to metropolis along the United", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00365-00108209-00108578": "States coasts Cincinnati as a national", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00366-00108579-00108883": "city the nrhp-listed Potter Stewart", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00367-00108884-00109139": "United States courthouse as a federal", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00368-00109140-00109355": "court the United States Court of Appeals", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00369-00109356-00109679": "for the Sixth Circuit one of 13 United", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00370-00109680-00110027": "States courts of appeals Federal Reserve", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00371-00110028-00110291": "Bank of Cleveland Cincinnati branch is", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00372-00110292-00110519": "located across the street from the East", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00373-00110520-00110893": "Fourth Street historic district", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00374-00110894-00111220": "topic economy metropolitan Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00375-00111221-00111516": "has the 28th largest economy in the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00376-00111517-00111771": "United States and the seventh largest in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00377-00111772-00112040": "the Midwest after Chicago Minneapolis", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00378-00112041-00112371": "Detroit st. Louis Indianapolis and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00379-00112372-00112645": "Cleveland it currently has the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00380-00112646-00112906": "fastest-growing Midwestern economic", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00381-00112907-00113250": "capital based on percentages the gross", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00382-00113251-00113620": "domestic product for the region was 127", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00383-00113621-00113988": "billion dollars as of 2015 the median", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00384-00113989-00114228": "home price as one hundred fifty eight", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00385-00114229-00114469": "thousand two hundred dollars and the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00386-00114470-00114702": "cost of living in Cincinnati as eight", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00387-00114703-00115014": "percent below national average the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00388-00115015-00115248": "unemployment rate is also below the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00389-00115249-00115518": "average at four point two percent", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00390-00115519-00115812": "several Fortune 500 companies are", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00391-00115813-00116068": "headquartered in Cincinnati such as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00392-00116069-00116337": "Procter & Gamble the Kroger company and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00393-00116338-00116596": "Macy's Inc General Electric has", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00394-00116597-00116808": "headquartered their global operations", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00395-00116809-00117129": "center in Cincinnati the Kroger company", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00396-00117130-00117615": "employs twenty 1646 people locally", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00397-00117616-00117840": "making it the largest employer in the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00398-00117841-00118120": "city and the University of Cincinnati as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00399-00118121-00118861": "the second largest at sixteen thousand", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00400-00118863-00119640": "topic food", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00401-00119641-00120116": "topic brands", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00402-00120117-00120456": "Frisch's big boy salad-bar Graeter's ice", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00403-00120457-00120795": "cream Kroger LaRosa's montgomery in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00404-00120796-00120935": "skyline chili", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00405-00120936-00121245": "goldstar Chile and United dairy farmers", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00406-00121246-00121551": "UDF trout our Cincinnati eateries that", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00407-00121552-00121811": "sell their brand commodities in grocery", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00408-00121813-00122175": "markets and gas stations clears goetta", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00409-00122176-00122435": "as produced in the cincinnati area and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00410-00122436-00122847": "as a popular local food cincinnati has", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00411-00122848-00123141": "many gourmet restaurants the maisonette", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00412-00123142-00123399": "in cincinnati was mobile travel guides", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00413-00123400-00123681": "longest-running five-star restaurant in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00414-00123682-00123870": "the United States holding that", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00415-00123871-00124160": "distinction for 41 consecutive years", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00416-00124161-00124590": "until it closed in 2005 its former head", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00417-00124591-00124878": "chef Jean Robert de Cavell has opened", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00418-00124879-00125144": "four new restaurants in the area since", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00419-00125145-00125348": "2001", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00420-00125349-00125621": "one of the United States's oldest and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00421-00125622-00125788": "most celebrated bars", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00422-00125789-00126004": "Arnold's Bar and Grill in downtown", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00423-00126005-00126275": "Cincinnati has won awards from Esquire", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00424-00126276-00126588": "magazine's best bars in America", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00425-00126589-00127000": "Thrillist s-- most iconic bar in Ohio", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00426-00127001-00127457": "the daily meal's 150 best bars in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00427-00127458-00127898": "America and serious eats dot-com s the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00428-00127899-00128231": "Cincinnati 10 America's foremost", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00429-00128232-00128543": "cocktail guru David Wondrich stated that", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00430-00128544-00128758": "if Arnold's were in New York San", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00431-00128759-00129125": "Francisco Chicago or Boston somewhere in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00432-00129126-00129379": "short that people actually visit it", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00433-00129380-00129985": "would be world famous", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00434-00129986-00130558": "topic Cincinnati chili", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00435-00130558-00130865": "Cincinnati chili a spiced sauce served", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00436-00130866-00131132": "over noodles and often with diced onions", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00437-00131133-00131524": "is the area's best-known regional food a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00438-00131525-00131780": "variety of recipes are served by", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00439-00131781-00132047": "respective parlors including Skyline", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00440-00132048-00132347": "Chili Gold Star chili and Dixie chili", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00441-00132348-00132635": "and deli plus independent chili parlors", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00442-00132636-00132881": "including camp Washington chili and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00443-00132882-00133208": "moonlight chili Cincinnati has been", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00444-00133209-00133598": "called July 2016 the chili capital of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00445-00133599-00134012": "America and of the world because it has", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00446-00134013-00134258": "more chili restaurants per capita than", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00447-00134259-00134519": "any other city in the United States or", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00448-00134520-00135083": "in the world", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00449-00135084-00135581": "topic dialect", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00450-00135582-00135896": "the citizens of Cincinnati speak general", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00451-00135897-00136179": "American unlike the rest of the Midwest", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00452-00136180-00136496": "Southwest Ohio shares some aspects of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00453-00136497-00136702": "its vowel system with northern New", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00454-00136703-00137050": "Jersey English Cincinnatians allegedly", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00455-00137051-00137461": "over pronounce Oh so the effect comes to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00456-00137462-00137831": "be heard with a rounded W perhaps from", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00457-00137832-00138061": "living on the Ohio whose four-letter", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00458-00138062-00138478": "name includes - Oh s most of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00459-00138479-00138683": "distinctive local features among", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00460-00138684-00139027": "speakers float as Midland American there", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00461-00139028-00139264": "is also some influence from the southern", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00462-00139265-00139539": "American dialect found in Kentucky a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00463-00139540-00139849": "touch of northern German as audible in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00464-00139850-00140108": "the local vernacular some residents used", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00465-00140109-00140341": "the word pleased when asking a speaker", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00466-00140342-00140650": "to repeat a statement this usage has", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00467-00140651-00140908": "taken from the German practice when bit", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00468-00140909-00141218": "a shortening of the formal wee-bit or", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00469-00141219-00141608": "how pleased rendered word-for-word from", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00470-00141609-00141823": "German into English was used as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00471-00141824-00142591": "shorthand for asking someone to repeat", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00472-00142592-00143151": "topic demographics", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00473-00143152-00143520": "in 1950 Cincinnati reached its peak", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00474-00143521-00143766": "population of over five hundred three", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00475-00143767-00144006": "thousand residents but has been losing", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00476-00144007-00144273": "population in every census count since", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00477-00144274-00144590": "that time in the late 20th century", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00478-00144591-00144858": "industrial restructuring caused a loss", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00479-00144859-00145238": "of jobs according to the Census Bureau's", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00480-00145239-00145353": "2006", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00481-00145354-00145653": "the population was three hundred thirty", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00482-00145654-00145889": "two thousand two hundred fifty two", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00483-00145890-00146169": "representing a small increase from three", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00484-00146170-00146370": "hundred thirty one thousand three", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00485-00146371-00146745": "hundred ten in 2005 the city had", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00486-00146746-00146952": "officially challenged the original", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00487-00146953-00147224": "census numbers Mayor Mark Mallory", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00488-00147225-00147447": "repeatedly argued that the city's", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00489-00147448-00147699": "population is three hundred seventy", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00490-00147700-00147897": "eight thousand two hundred fifty nine", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00491-00147898-00148164": "after a drill-down study was performed", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00492-00148165-00148473": "by an independent nonprofit group based", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00493-00148474-00148914": "in Washington DC as of the u.s. census", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00494-00148915-00149216": "bureau's July 2017 estimate the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00495-00149217-00149424": "population was three hundred one", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00496-00149425-00149666": "thousand three hundred one down nearly", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00497-00149667-00150090": "thirty thousand from 2006 the Census", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00498-00150091-00150321": "Bureau count as officially conducted", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00499-00150322-00150627": "every new decade all other population", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00500-00150628-00150858": "numbers for American cities released", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00501-00150859-00151091": "between the official census count are", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00502-00151092-00151320": "just estimates which may not be accurate", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00503-00151321-00151602": "whether the population shows growth or", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00504-00151603-00151862": "decline on those estimates", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00505-00151863-00152171": "as of the official 2010 census the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00506-00152172-00152384": "racial demographics for the city of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00507-00152385-00152630": "Cincinnati were forty nine point three", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00508-00152631-00153133": "percent white 48.1% non-hispanic white", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00509-00153134-00153649": "44.8% Black or African American 0.3%", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00510-00153650-00154025": "American Indian or Alaskan native 1.8", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00511-00154026-00154421": "percent Asian 0.1% Hawaiian or Pacific", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00512-00154422-00154814": "Islander 2.5 percent two or more races", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00513-00154815-00155195": "and 2.8 percent Hispanic of any race as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00514-00155196-00155468": "of the 2000 census the Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00515-00155469-00155747": "Middletown - Wilmington Metropolitan", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00516-00155748-00156053": "Statistical Area has a population of 2", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00517-00156054-00156572": "million 155,000 137 people making it the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00518-00156573-00156839": "24th largest metropolitan statistical", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00519-00156840-00157247": "area in the country it includes the Ohio", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00520-00157248-00157529": "counties of Hamilton Butler Warren", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00521-00157530-00157814": "Clermont Clinton and brown as well as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00522-00157815-00158069": "the Kentucky counties of Boone Bracken", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00523-00158070-00158342": "Campbell Gallatin Grant Kenton and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00524-00158343-00158603": "Pendleton and the Indiana counties of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00525-00158604-00159352": "Dearborn Franklin and Ohio", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00526-00159353-00159888": "topic cityscape", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00527-00159889-00160154": "the city is undergoing significant", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00528-00160155-00160374": "changes due to new development and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00529-00160375-00160656": "private investment this includes", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00530-00160657-00160881": "buildings of the long-stalled banks", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00531-00160882-00161153": "project that includes apartments retail", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00532-00161154-00161403": "restaurants and offices which will", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00533-00161404-00161664": "stretch from Great American Ballpark to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00534-00161665-00162045": "Paul Brown Stadium phase 1a is already", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00535-00162046-00162399": "complete and 100% occupied as of early", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00536-00162400-00162795": "2013 Smale Riverfront Park is being", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00537-00162796-00163020": "developed along with the banks and a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00538-00163021-00163440": "Cincinnati's newest park nearly 3.5", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00539-00163441-00163674": "billion dollars have been invested in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00540-00163675-00163916": "the urban core of Cincinnati including", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00541-00163917-00164187": "Northern Kentucky much of this", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00542-00164188-00164453": "development has been undertaken by three", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00543-00164454-00164862": "CDC the Cincinnati Bell connector began", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00544-00164863-00165333": "in September 2016 Cincinnati as Midway", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00545-00165334-00165503": "by river between the cities of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00546-00165504-00165720": "Pittsburgh Pennsylvania and Cairo", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00547-00165721-00165972": "Illinois the downtown lies near the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00548-00165973-00166206": "mouth of the Licking a confluence were", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00549-00166207-00166466": "about the city settlement Greater", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00550-00166467-00166743": "Cincinnati spans southern Ohio and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00551-00166744-00167025": "Indiana and Northern Kentucky the Census", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00552-00167026-00167274": "Bureau has measured the city proper at", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00553-00167275-00167538": "seventy nine point five four square", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00554-00167539-00167820": "miles two hundred six point zero one", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00555-00167821-00168174": "square kilometres of which 77 point nine", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00556-00168175-00168462": "four square miles two hundred one point", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00557-00168463-00168744": "eight six square kilometers our land and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00558-00168745-00169040": "one point six zero square miles four", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00559-00169041-00169293": "point one four square kilometers our", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00560-00169294-00169623": "water the city spreads over a number of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00561-00169624-00169890": "hills Bluffs and low ridges overlooking", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00562-00169891-00170175": "the Ohio in the bluegrass region of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00563-00170176-00170496": "country the tri-state is geographically", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00564-00170497-00170745": "located within the Midwest and is on the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00565-00170746-00171040": "far northern of the upland south", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00566-00171041-00171301": "three municipalities are ensconced", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00567-00171302-00171559": "within the city Norwood Elmwood Place", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00568-00171560-00171913": "and st. Bernard Norwood as a business", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00569-00171914-00172177": "and industrial city while Elmwood Place", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00570-00172178-00172433": "and st. Bernard are small primarily", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00571-00172434-00172825": "residential villages Cincinnati does not", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00572-00172826-00173029": "have an exclave but the city government", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00573-00173030-00173314": "does own several properties outside the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00574-00173315-00173554": "corporation limits French Park in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00575-00173555-00173803": "Amberley Village the disused runway at", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00576-00173804-00174034": "the former Blue Ash airport in Blue Ash", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00577-00174035-00174559": "and the 337 mile long 542 kilometers", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00578-00174560-00174835": "Cincinnati Southern Railway which runs", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00579-00174836-00175058": "between Cincinnati and Chattanooga", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00580-00175059-00175292": "Tennessee", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00581-00175293-00175619": "topic landscapes Cincinnati is home to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00582-00175620-00175802": "numerous embankments that are noteworthy", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00583-00175803-00175973": "due to their architectural", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00584-00175974-00176261": "characteristics or historic associations", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00585-00176262-00176453": "as well as the Carew tower", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00586-00176454-00176693": "the script Center the Ingalls building", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00587-00176694-00176957": "Cincinnati Museum Center at Union", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00588-00176958-00177248": "Terminal and the Isaac my stemple Queens", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00589-00177249-00177662": "city square opened in January 2011 the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00590-00177663-00177878": "building is the tallest in Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00591-00177879-00178136": "surpassing the Carew tower and as the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00592-00178137-00178400": "third tallest in Ohio reaching a height", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00593-00178401-00178820": "of 665 feet the mile-long Cincinnati sky", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00594-00178821-00179168": "walk completed in 1997 was shortened to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00595-00179169-00179402": "bring more Commerce yet remains the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00596-00179403-00179669": "viable way to walk downtown during poor", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00597-00179670-00179962": "weather the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00598-00179963-00180269": "Garden in Avondale has the second oldest", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00599-00180270-00180935": "zoo in the United States", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00600-00180936-00181444": "topic waterscape", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00601-00181445-00181723": "downtown Cincinnati towers about", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00602-00181724-00181966": "Fountain Square the public square an", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00603-00181967-00182270": "event locale Fountain Square was", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00604-00182271-00182708": "renovated in 2006 Cincinnati rests along", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00605-00182709-00183073": "22 miles 35 kilometres of riverfront", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00606-00183074-00183277": "about northern banks of the Ohio", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00607-00183278-00183550": "stretching from California to sailor", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00608-00183551-00183778": "park giving the mighty Ohio and its", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00609-00183779-00184003": "movements a prominent place in the life", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00610-00184004-00184300": "of the city frequent flooding has", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00611-00184301-00184489": "hampered the growth of Cincinnati's", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00612-00184490-00184757": "Municipal Airport at lankan field and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00613-00184758-00185096": "the Coney Island amusement park downtown", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00614-00185097-00185369": "Cincinnati is protected from flooding by", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00615-00185370-00185621": "the serpentine wall at Edmonds Cove and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00616-00185622-00185836": "another flood wall built into Fort", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00617-00185837-00186131": "Washington way parts of Cincinnati also", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00618-00186132-00186332": "experienced flooding from the Little", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00619-00186333-00186722": "Miami River and Mill Creek since April", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00620-00186723-00187090": "1st 1922 the Ohio flood stage at", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00621-00187091-00187411": "Cincinnati has officially been set at 52", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00622-00187412-00187711": "feet 16 meters as measured from the John", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00623-00187712-00188041": "a Roebling suspension bridge at this", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00624-00188042-00188260": "depth the pumping station at the mouth", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00625-00188261-00188724": "of Mill Creek is activated from 1873 to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00626-00188725-00189173": "1898 the flood stage was 45 feet 14", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00627-00189174-00189770": "meters from 1899 to March 31st 1922 it", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00628-00189771-00190208": "was 50 feet 15 meters the Ohio reached", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00629-00190209-00190634": "its lowest level less than two feet 0.61", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00630-00190635-00190837": "meters in 1881", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00631-00190838-00191113": "conversely its all-time high watermark", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00632-00191114-00191543": "is 79 feet 11 and 7/8 inches twenty four", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00633-00191544-00191783": "point three eight one meters having", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00634-00191784-00192337": "crested January 26 1937 various parts of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00635-00192338-00192565": "Cincinnati flood at different points", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00636-00192566-00192763": "River Bend Music Center in the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00637-00192764-00193024": "California neighborhood floods at 42", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00638-00193025-00193322": "feet 13 meters while Sayler Park floods", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00639-00193323-00193663": "at 71 feet 22 metres and the Freeman", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00640-00193664-00194053": "Avenue flood gate closes at 75 feet 23", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00641-00194054-00194606": "meters", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00642-00194607-00195106": "topic climate", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00643-00195107-00195365": "Cincinnati is at the southern limit of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00644-00195366-00195647": "the humid continental climate zone Copan", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00645-00195648-00196037": "dfa summers are warm to hot and humid", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00646-00196038-00196301": "with significant rainfall in each month", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00647-00196302-00196586": "and highs reaching 90 degrees Fahrenheit", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00648-00196587-00196958": "32 degrees Celsius or above on 21 days", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00649-00196959-00197225": "per year often with high dew points and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00650-00197226-00197585": "humidity July as the warmest month with", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00651-00197586-00197912": "a daily average temperature of 75 point", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00652-00197913-00198080": "9 degrees Fahrenheit", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00653-00198081-00198389": "24 point four degrees Celsius winters", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00654-00198390-00198644": "tend to be cold and snowy with January", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00655-00198645-00198935": "the coldest month averaging at thirty", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00656-00198936-00199310": "point eight degrees Fahrenheit minus 0.7", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00657-00199311-00199703": "degrees Celsius lows reach zero degrees", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00658-00199704-00200036": "Fahrenheit minus 18 degrees Celsius on", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00659-00200037-00200303": "an average two point six nights yearly", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00660-00200304-00200678": "an average winter will see around 22", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00661-00200679-00200978": "point one inches 56 centimeters of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00662-00200979-00201359": "snowfall contributing to the yearly 42.5", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00663-00201360-00201698": "inches 1080 millimetres of weather fall", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00664-00201699-00202067": "with rainfall peaking in spring extremes", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00665-00202068-00202391": "range from minus 25 degrees Fahrenheit", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00666-00202392-00202849": "minus 32 degrees Celsius On January 18", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00667-00202850-00203291": "1977 up to 108 degrees Fahrenheit 42", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00668-00203292-00203854": "degrees Celsius on July 21st and 22 1934", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00669-00203855-00204143": "severe thunderstorms are common in the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00670-00204144-00204368": "warmer months and tornadoes while", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00671-00204369-00204620": "infrequent are not unknown with such", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00672-00204621-00204800": "events striking the Greater Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00673-00204801-00205450": "area most recently in 1974 1999 2012 and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00674-00205451-00205733": "2017", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00675-00205734-00206048": "topic sports cincinnati has two major", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00676-00206048-00206309": "league teams eight minor league teams", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00677-00206310-00206591": "five college institutions with sports", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00678-00206592-00206903": "teams and seven major sports venues one", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00679-00206904-00207110": "of the minor league teams will become a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00680-00207111-00207533": "major league team in 2019 Cincinnati's", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00681-00207534-00207796": "two major league teams are Major League", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00682-00207798-00208010": "Baseball's Reds who were named for", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00683-00208011-00208202": "America's first professional baseball", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00684-00208203-00208519": "team the Cincinnati Red Stockings and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00685-00208521-00208700": "the Bengals of the National Football", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00686-00208701-00208778": "League", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00687-00208779-00209033": "additionally FC Cincinnati will be", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00688-00209034-00209354": "promoted to Major League Soccer in 2019", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00689-00209355-00209692": "on major league baseball Opening Day", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00690-00209692-00209933": "cincinnati has the distinction of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00691-00209934-00210131": "holding the traditional opener in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00692-00210132-00210394": "baseball each year due to its baseball", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00693-00210396-00210716": "history children have been known to skip", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00694-00210717-00210980": "school on opening day and it is commonly", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00695-00210981-00211235": "thought of as a holiday the Flying Pig", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00696-00211236-00211487": "marathon is a yearly event attracting", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00697-00211488-00211712": "many runners and so as the Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00698-00211713-00211942": "Masters western and southern tennis", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00699-00211944-00212261": "tourney the Cincinnati Reds have won", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00700-00212262-00212552": "five World Series titles and had one of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00701-00212553-00212794": "the most successful baseball teams of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00702-00212796-00213121": "all time in the mid-1970s known as the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00703-00213123-00213442": "Big Red Machine the Bengals have made", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00704-00213444-00213707": "two Super Bowl appearances since its", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00705-00213708-00214117": "founding in 1981 and 1988 but have yet", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00706-00214119-00214526": "to win a championship as of 2016 the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00707-00214527-00214766": "Bengals have the longest active playoff", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00708-00214767-00215105": "win drought 26 years despite making five", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00709-00215106-00215417": "straight playoff appearances from 2011", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00710-00215417-00215569": "to 2015", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00711-00215569-00215834": "whenever the Bengals and Carolina", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00712-00215835-00216059": "Panthers play against each other an", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00713-00216060-00216284": "inter conference matchup that occurs", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00714-00216285-00216517": "every four years their games are dubbed", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00715-00216519-00216752": "the Queen City Bowl as Charlotte North", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00716-00216753-00217016": "Carolina the home city of the Panthers", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00717-00217017-00217248": "is also known as the Queen City", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00718-00217250-00217601": "the Bengals enjoy strong rivalries with", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00719-00217602-00217798": "the Cleveland Browns and Pittsburgh", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00720-00217800-00218054": "Steelers both of whom are also members", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00721-00218055-00218459": "of the AFC North Cincinnati is also home", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00722-00218460-00218714": "to two men's college basketball teams", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00723-00218715-00218950": "the Cincinnati Bearcats and Xavier", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00724-00218951-00219113": "Musketeers", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00725-00219114-00219373": "these two teams face off as one of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00726-00219375-00219656": "college basketball's rivalries known as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00727-00219657-00220028": "the crosstown shootout in 2011 the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00728-00220029-00220267": "rivalry game erupted in an on-court", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00729-00220269-00220478": "brawl at the end of the game that saw", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00730-00220479-00220784": "multiple suspensions follow the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00731-00220785-00221026": "Musketeers have made 10 of the last 11", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00732-00221027-00221300": "NC double-a tournament while the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00733-00221301-00221512": "Bearcats have made 6 consecutive", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00734-00221513-00221888": "appearances previously the Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00735-00221889-00222098": "Royals competed in the National", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00736-00222098-00222592": "Basketball Association from 1957 to 1972", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00737-00222594-00222851": "they are now known as the Sacramento", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00738-00222852-00223238": "Kings FC Cincinnati as a soccer team", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00739-00223239-00223679": "that plays in the USL FC Cincinnati made", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00740-00223680-00224060": "its home debut on April 9 2016 before a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00741-00224061-00224477": "crowd of more than 14,000 fans on their", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00742-00224478-00224723": "next home game versus Louisville City FC", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00743-00224723-00225116": "FC Cincinnati broke the all-time USL", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00744-00225117-00225469": "attendance record with a crowd of 20,000", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00745-00225469-00225905": "497 on May 14 2016 it broke its own", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00746-00225906-00226323": "record bringing in an audience of 23375", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00747-00226325-00226655": "on its one 2-0 victory against the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00748-00226656-00227044": "Pittsburgh Riverhounds FC Cincinnati has", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00749-00227046-00227327": "since broken the USL attendance record", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00750-00227328-00227552": "on several additional occasions and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00751-00227553-00227812": "we'll move to Major League Soccer MLS", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00752-00227813-00228205": "starting with the 2019 season FC", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00753-00228206-00228551": "Cincinnati was awarded an MLS bid on May", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00754-00228552-00228926": "29 2018 and will open a new stadium in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00755-00228927-00229133": "the West End neighborhood just northwest", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00756-00229134-00229613": "of downtown by 2021 Cincinnati is home", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00757-00229614-00229873": "to three other professional soccer teams", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00758-00229875-00230167": "two outdoor teams the Cincinnati Kings", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00759-00230169-00230486": "men's and Cincinnati Lady Hawks women's", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00760-00230487-00230792": "and 1 indoor team the Cincinnati excite", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00761-00230792-00231101": "men's the table below shows sports teams", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00762-00231102-00231344": "in the Cincinnati area that averaged", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00763-00231344-00231632": "more than 5,000 fans per game the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00764-00231633-00231857": "Cincinnati Masters and historic", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00765-00231858-00232079": "international men's and women's tennis", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00766-00232080-00232369": "tournament that is part of the ATP World", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00767-00232371-00232478": "Tour Master", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00768-00232479-00232886": "1,000 series and the WTA tour premiere 5", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00769-00232887-00233237": "was established in the city in 1899 and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00770-00233238-00233517": "has been held in suburban Maison since", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00771-00233519-00233954": "1979 the Cincinnati sizzle as a women's", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00772-00233955-00234221": "minor professional tackle football team", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00773-00234221-00234398": "that plays in the Women's Football", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00774-00234398-00234771": "Alliance the team was established in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00775-00234773-00235096": "2003 by former Cincinnati Bengals", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00776-00235098-00235505": "running back ickey woods in 2016 the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00777-00235506-00235673": "team claimed their first national", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00778-00235673-00235952": "championship title in the United States", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00779-00235953-00236303": "women's football league the Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00780-00236304-00236540": "cyclones are a minor legal level", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00781-00236541-00236798": "professional hockey team playing in the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00782-00236798-00237323": "ECHL founded in 1990 the team play at US", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00783-00237323-00237423": "Bank Arena", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00784-00237425-00237809": "they won the 2010 Kelly Cup Finals their", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00785-00237810-00238135": "second championship in three seasons", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00786-00238136-00238412": "Cincinnati is also home to the first", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00787-00238413-00238652": "American based Australian rules football", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00788-00238653-00238982": "team the Cincinnati Dockers established", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00789-00238983-00239321": "in 1996", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00790-00239321-00239642": "topic police and fire services the city", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00791-00239642-00239927": "of Cincinnati's emergency services for", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00792-00239928-00240271": "fire rescue M's hazardous materials and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00793-00240273-00240544": "explosive ordnance disposal as handled", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00794-00240546-00240819": "by the Cincinnati Fire Department on", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00795-00240821-00241238": "April 1st 1853 the Cincinnati fire", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00796-00241239-00241454": "department became the first paid", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00797-00241455-00241717": "professional fire department in United", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00798-00241719-00242059": "States the Cincinnati Fire Department", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00799-00242060-00242410": "operates out of 26 fire stations located", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00800-00242411-00242639": "throughout the city in four districts", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00801-00242640-00242894": "each commanded by a district chief the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00802-00242894-00243152": "Cincinnati Fire Department is organized", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00803-00243153-00243473": "into four bureaus Operations personnel", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00804-00243473-00243746": "and training administrative services and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00805-00243746-00244117": "fire prevention each Bureau is commanded", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00806-00244119-00244330": "by an assistant chief who in turn", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00807-00244331-00244655": "reports to the chief of Department the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00808-00244656-00244906": "Cincinnati Police Department has more", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00809-00244907-00245242": "than 1,000 sworn officers before the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00810-00245244-00245615": "riots of 2001 Cincinnati's overall crime", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00811-00245616-00245880": "rate had been dropping steadily and by", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00812-00245881-00246214": "1995 had reached its lowest point since", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00813-00246215-00246577": "1992 but with more murders and rapes", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00814-00246578-00246898": "after the riot violent crime increased", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00815-00246900-00247151": "but crime has been on the decline since", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00816-00247152-00247630": "in 2015 there were 71 homicides the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00817-00247631-00247834": "Cincinnati Police Department was", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00818-00247835-00248096": "featured on TLC's police women of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00819-00248096-00248383": "Cincinnati and on a and E's reality show", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00820-00248384-00249028": "the first 48", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00821-00249029-00249563": "topic politics", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00822-00249564-00249806": "the city proper operates with a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00823-00249807-00250069": "nine-member City Council whose members", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00824-00250071-00250538": "are elected at-large prior to 1924 City", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00825-00250539-00250757": "Council members were elected through a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00826-00250758-00251098": "system of wards the wards system was", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00827-00251100-00251339": "subject to corruption due to partisan", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00828-00251340-00251732": "rule from the 1880s to the 1920s the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00829-00251733-00252019": "Republican Party dominated city politics", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00830-00252021-00252269": "with the political machine of George B", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00831-00252269-00252779": "boss Cox exerting control a reform", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00832-00252780-00253121": "movement arose in 1923 led by another", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00833-00253121-00253490": "Republican Murray seasoned good seasoned", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00834-00253491-00253706": "good founded the Charter Committee which", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00835-00253707-00254036": "used ballot initiatives in 1924 to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00836-00254037-00254237": "replace the wards system with the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00837-00254238-00254521": "current at-large system they gained", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00838-00254523-00254750": "approval by voters for a council-manager", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00839-00254751-00254981": "government form of government in which", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00840-00254982-00255230": "the smaller council compared to the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00841-00255231-00255467": "number of previous ward representatives", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00842-00255467-00255742": "hires a professional manager to operate", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00843-00255744-00256207": "daily affairs of the city from 1924 to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00844-00256208-00256505": "1957 the council was elected by", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00845-00256506-00256760": "proportional representation and single", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00846-00256761-00257135": "transfer voting STV starting with", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00847-00257136-00257521": "Ashtabula in 1915 several major cities", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00848-00257523-00257821": "in Ohio adopted this electoral system", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00849-00257823-00258019": "which had the practical effect of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00850-00258021-00258281": "reducing Ward boss and political party", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00851-00258282-00258598": "power for that reason such groups", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00852-00258600-00258977": "opposed it in an effort to overturn the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00853-00258978-00259192": "Charter that provided for proportional", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00854-00259194-00259573": "representation opponents in 1957 fan", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00855-00259575-00259862": "fears of black political power at a time", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00856-00259863-00260210": "of increasing civil rights activism the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00857-00260211-00260582": "PRS TV system had enabled minorities to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00858-00260583-00260846": "enter local politics and gain seats on", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00859-00260846-00261044": "the City Council more than they had", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00860-00261044-00261287": "before in proportion to their share of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00861-00261288-00261578": "the population this made the government", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00862-00261579-00261812": "more representative of the residents of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00863-00261813-00262186": "the city overturning that charter in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00864-00262187-00262493": "1957 all candidates had to run in a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00865-00262494-00262736": "single race for the nine city council", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00866-00262737-00262860": "position", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00867-00262861-00263148": "the top nine vote getters were elected", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00868-00263149-00263550": "the 9x system which favored candidates", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00869-00263551-00263712": "who could appeal to the entire", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00870-00263713-00263976": "geographic area of the city and reach", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00871-00263977-00264242": "its residence with campaign materials", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00872-00264243-00264674": "the mayor was elected by the council in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00873-00264675-00265068": "1977 33 year-old Jerry Springer later a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00874-00265069-00265347": "notable television talk show host was", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00875-00265348-00265661": "chosen to serve one year as mayor", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00876-00265662-00265941": "residents continued to work to improve", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00877-00265942-00266196": "their system to have their votes count", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00878-00266197-00266499": "more starting in 1987 the top", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00879-00266500-00266757": "vote-getter in the city council election", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00880-00266758-00267029": "was automatically selected as mayor", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00881-00267030-00267420": "starting in 1999 the mayor was elected", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00882-00267421-00267618": "separately in a general at-large", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00883-00267619-00267939": "election for the first time the city", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00884-00267940-00268203": "manager's role in government was reduced", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00885-00268204-00268497": "these reforms were referred to as the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00886-00268498-00268875": "strong mayor reforms to make the public", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00887-00268876-00269063": "it accountable to voters", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00888-00269064-00269316": "Cincinnati politics include the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00889-00269317-00269565": "participation of the Charter Party the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00890-00269566-00269766": "political party with the third longest", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00891-00269767-00270051": "history of winning in local elections on", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00892-00270052-00270495": "October 5th 2011 the council became the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00893-00270496-00270672": "first local government in the United", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00894-00270673-00270959": "States to adopt a resolution recognizing", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00895-00270960-00271230": "freedom from domestic violence as a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00896-00271231-00271879": "fundamental human right", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00897-00271880-00272450": "topic race relations", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00898-00272451-00272752": "due to its location on the Ohio River", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00899-00272753-00273041": "Cincinnati was a border town in a free", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00900-00273042-00273290": "state across from Kentucky which was a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00901-00273291-00273610": "slave state residents of Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00902-00273611-00273947": "played a major role in abolitionism many", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00903-00273948-00274208": "fugitive slaves used the Ohio at", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00904-00274209-00274489": "Cincinnati to escape to the north", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00905-00274490-00274790": "Cincinnati had numerous stations on the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00906-00274791-00275003": "Underground Railroad but there were also", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00907-00275004-00275279": "runaway slave catchers active in the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00908-00275280-00275552": "city who put escaping slaves at risk of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00909-00275553-00275879": "recapture given its southern Ohio", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00910-00275880-00276191": "location Cincinnati had also attracted", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00911-00276192-00276404": "settlers from the upper south who", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00912-00276405-00276659": "traveled along the Ohio River into the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00913-00276660-00277025": "territory tensions between abolitionists", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00914-00277026-00277259": "and slavery supporters broke out in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00915-00277260-00277510": "repeated violence with whites attacking", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00916-00277511-00277946": "blacks in 1829 anti abolitionists", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00917-00277947-00278189": "attacked blacks in the city in a wave of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00918-00278190-00278519": "destruction that resulted in 1,200", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00919-00278520-00278750": "blacks leaving the city and the country", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00920-00278751-00279089": "they resettled in Canada the riot and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00921-00279090-00279338": "its refugees were topics of discussion", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00922-00279339-00279512": "throughout the country and blacks", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00923-00279513-00279794": "organized the first Negro convention in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00924-00279795-00280097": "1830 in Philadelphia to discuss these", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00925-00280098-00280490": "events white riots against blacks took", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00926-00280491-00280864": "place again in Cincinnati in 1836 and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00927-00280865-00281465": "1842 in 1836 a mob of 700 pro-slavery", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00928-00281466-00281729": "men attacked black neighborhoods as well", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00929-00281730-00281972": "as a press run by James M Burnie", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00930-00281973-00282269": "publisher of the anti-slavery weekly the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00931-00282270-00282590": "philanthropist tensions increased after", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00932-00282591-00282902": "congressional passage in 1850 of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00933-00282903-00283134": "Fugitive Slave Act which required", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00934-00283135-00283427": "cooperation by citizens in free states", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00935-00283428-00283652": "and increased penalties for failing to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00936-00283653-00283982": "try to recapture escaped slaves", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00937-00283983-00284318": "Levi coffin made the Cincinnati area the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00938-00284319-00284581": "center of his anti-slavery efforts in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00939-00284582-00284978": "1847 Harriet Beecher Stowe lived in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00940-00284979-00285263": "Cincinnati for a time met escaped slaves", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00941-00285264-00285524": "and used their stories as a basis for", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00942-00285525-00285922": "her novel Uncle Tom's Cabin 1852 the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00943-00285923-00286160": "National Underground Railroad Freedom", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00944-00286161-00286517": "Center which opened in 2004 on the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00945-00286518-00286745": "Cincinnati riverfront in the middle of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00946-00286746-00287111": "the banks area between Great American", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00947-00287112-00287314": "Ballpark and Paul Brown Stadium", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00948-00287315-00287558": "commemorates the volunteers who aided", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00949-00287559-00287762": "refugee slaves and their drive for", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00950-00287763-00288014": "freedom as well as others who have been", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00951-00288015-00288416": "leaders for social justice located in a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00952-00288417-00288671": "free state and attracting many European", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00953-00288672-00288926": "immigrants cincinnati has historically", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00954-00288927-00289291": "had a predominantly white population by", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00955-00289292-00289601": "1940 the Census Bureau reported the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00956-00289602-00289856": "city's population as eighty-seven point", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00957-00289857-00290117": "eight percent white and 12 point two", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00958-00290118-00290348": "percent black in the second half of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00959-00290349-00290480": "20th century", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00960-00290481-00290714": "Cincinnati along with other Rust Belt", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00961-00290715-00290993": "cities underwent a vast demographic", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00962-00290994-00291356": "transformation by the early 21st century", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00963-00291357-00291802": "the city's population was 40% black", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00964-00291803-00291998": "predominantly white working class", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00965-00291999-00292286": "families who constituted the urban core", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00966-00292287-00292535": "during the European immigration boom in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00967-00292536-00292844": "the 19th and early 20th centuries moved", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00968-00292845-00293099": "to newly constructed suburbs before and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00969-00293100-00293459": "after World War two blacks fleeing the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00970-00293460-00293678": "oppression of the Jim Crow South in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00971-00293679-00293885": "hopes of better socio-economic", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00972-00293886-00294113": "opportunity had moved to these older", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00973-00294114-00294290": "city neighborhoods in their great", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00974-00294291-00294611": "migration to the industrial north the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00975-00294612-00294869": "downturn in industry in the late 20th", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00976-00294870-00295109": "century caused a loss of many jobs", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00977-00295110-00295577": "leaving many people in poverty in 1968", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00978-00295578-00295799": "passage of national civil rights", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00979-00295800-00296039": "legislation had raised hopes for", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00980-00296040-00296297": "positive change but the assassination of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00981-00296298-00296570": "national leader Martin Luther King jr.", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00982-00296571-00296792": "resulted in riots in many black", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00983-00296793-00297032": "neighborhoods in Cincinnati unrest", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00984-00297033-00297284": "occurred in black communities in nearly", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00985-00297285-00297617": "every major US city after King's murder", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00986-00297618-00297945": "more than three decades later in April", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00987-00297946-00298274": "2001 racially charged riots occurred", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00988-00298275-00298494": "after police fatally shot a young", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00989-00298495-00298808": "unarmed black man Timothy Thomas during", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00990-00298809-00299009": "a foot pursuit to arrest him", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00991-00299010-00299305": "mostly for outstanding traffic warrants", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00992-00299306-00299814": "after the 2001 riots the ACLU Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00993-00299815-00300063": "black United Front the city and its", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00994-00300064-00300315": "police union agreed upon a community", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00995-00300316-00300690": "oriented policing strategy the agreement", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00996-00300691-00300915": "has been used as a model across the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00997-00300916-00301109": "country for building relationships", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00998-00301110-00301365": "between police and local communities on", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-00999-00301366-00301812": "July 19 2015 Samuel DuBose an unarmed", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01000-00301813-00302097": "black motorist was fatally shot by white", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01001-00302098-00302375": "University of Cincinnati Police officer", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01002-00302376-00302660": "ray tensing after a routine traffic stop", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01003-00302661-00302970": "for a missing front license plate the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01004-00302971-00303270": "resulting legal proceedings in late 2016", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01005-00303271-00303546": "have been a recurring focus of national", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01006-00303547-00303908": "news media several peaceful protests", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01007-00303909-00304092": "involving the black lives matter", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01008-00304093-00304413": "movement have been carried out tensing", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01009-00304414-00304628": "was indicted on charges of murder and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01010-00304629-00304893": "voluntary manslaughter but a November", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01011-00304894-00305225": "2016 trial ended in mistrial after the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01012-00305226-00305582": "jury became deadlocked a retrial began", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01013-00305583-00305943": "in May 2017 which also ended in mistrial", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01014-00305944-00306275": "after deadlock the prosecution then", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01015-00306276-00306476": "announced they did not plan to try", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01016-00306477-00306822": "tensing a third time the University of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01017-00306823-00307058": "Cincinnati has settled with the DuBose", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01018-00307059-00307287": "family for four point eight million", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01019-00307288-00307553": "dollars and free tuition for each of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01020-00307554-00308146": "12 children", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01021-00308147-00308742": "topic present officeholders", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01022-00308743-00309035": "the present mayor of Cincinnati as John", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01023-00309036-00309356": "Cranley the nine-member City Council as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01024-00309357-00309573": "composed of Vice Mayor Christopher", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01025-00309574-00309795": "Smitherman and councilmembers tamiya", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01026-00309796-00310119": "Dennard President Pro Tem David Mann Amy", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01027-00310120-00310593": "Murray Chris Seelbach PG sittenfeld Greg", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01028-00310594-00310676": "Landsman", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01029-00310677-00310971": "Jeff pastor and Wendell young the city", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01030-00310972-00311226": "manager as Harry black and the manager", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01031-00311227-00312029": "maintains to assistant city managers", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01032-00312030-00312559": "topic schools", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01033-00312560-00312880": "the city has an extensive library system", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01034-00312881-00313084": "both the city's public one and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01035-00313085-00313441": "university facilities the Public Library", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01036-00313442-00313708": "of Cincinnati and Hamilton County was", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01037-00313709-00313918": "the third largest public library", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01038-00313919-00314368": "nationally in 1998 the University of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01039-00314369-00314608": "Cincinnati called Cincinnati or", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01040-00314609-00314926": "nicknamed UC is a public institution of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01041-00314927-00315244": "learning the university is renowned in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01042-00315245-00315481": "architecture and engineering liberal", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01043-00315482-00315796": "arts music nursing and social science", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01044-00315797-00316114": "the University of Cincinnati Medical", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01045-00316115-00316360": "Center as the leading Institute for", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01046-00316361-00316606": "community health in Ohio the college", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01047-00316607-00316867": "Conservatory of Music taught Kathleen", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01048-00316868-00317212": "battle Al Hirt and faith Prince the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01049-00317213-00317560": "Cincinnati Public Schools CPS includes", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01050-00317561-00317815": "16 high schools all with citywide", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01051-00317816-00317979": "acceptance", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01052-00317980-00318307": "CPS third largest school cluster by", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01053-00318308-00318553": "student population was the biggest one", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01054-00318554-00318811": "to have an overall effective rating from", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01055-00318812-00319042": "the state the district currently", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01056-00319043-00319300": "includes public Montessori schools", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01057-00319301-00319558": "including the first public Montessori", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01058-00319559-00319801": "High School established in the United", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01059-00319802-00319855": "States", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01060-00319856-00320179": "Clark Montessori Cincinnati Public", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01061-00320180-00320479": "Schools top-rated school as Walnut Hills", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01062-00320480-00320779": "High School ranked 34th on the national", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01063-00320780-00321087": "list of best public schools by Newsweek", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01064-00321088-00321418": "Walnut Hills offers 28 advanced", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01065-00321419-00321739": "placement courses Cincinnati is also", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01066-00321740-00321961": "home to the first kindergarten 12th", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01067-00321962-00322201": "grade arts school in the country the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01068-00322202-00322509": "school for Creative and Performing Arts", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01069-00322510-00322813": "Cincinnati state as a small college that", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01070-00322814-00323082": "includes the Midwest culinary school", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01071-00323083-00323410": "also located in Cincinnati as Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01072-00323411-00323731": "Christian University five hundred years", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01073-00323732-00323932": "since the Reformation Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01074-00323933-00324154": "provided a global Distinguished Lecture", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01075-00324155-00324409": "marking the layout of books and research", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01076-00324410-00324610": "for stirred city goers and the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01077-00324611-00324847": "Cincinnati Art Museum staff built", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01078-00324848-00325108": "Albrecht Durer the age of Reformation", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01079-00325109-00325345": "and Renaissance with more crafting by", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01080-00325346-00325549": "the university design art and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01081-00325550-00325873": "architecture program given for the city", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01082-00325874-00326119": "most of the work explores social", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01083-00326120-00326332": "ontology of the birth of mainline", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01084-00326333-00326559": "beliefs and propriety woven with", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01085-00326560-00326797": "Scripture and pamphlets which launched a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01086-00326798-00327089": "widespread European grooming", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01087-00327090-00327359": "the Jewish community has several schools", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01088-00327360-00327731": "including the all-girl RIT SS Regional", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01089-00327732-00327971": "Institute for Torah and secular studies", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01090-00327972-00328229": "high school and the all-boy yeshivas", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01091-00328230-00328520": "Lubavitch high school Hebrew Union", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01092-00328521-00328847": "College Jewish Institute of religion hu", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01093-00328848-00329228": "c ji r founded by Isaac Mayer Weis is a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01094-00329229-00329471": "seminary for training of reform rabbis", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01095-00329472-00329777": "and others religious Xavier University", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01096-00329778-00330044": "one of three Roman Catholic colleges", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01097-00330045-00330284": "along with Chatfield College and Mount", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01098-00330285-00330553": "Saint Joseph University was at one time", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01099-00330554-00330809": "affiliated with the Athenaeum of Ohio", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01100-00330810-00331024": "the seminary of the Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01101-00331025-00331253": "archdiocese the Roman Catholic", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01102-00331254-00331508": "Archdiocese of Cincinnati operates", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01103-00331509-00331793": "sixteen high schools in Cincinnati ten", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01104-00331794-00332117": "of which are single sexes there are six", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01105-00332118-00332360": "all-female high schools and four", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01106-00332361-00332618": "all-male high schools in the city with", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01107-00332619-00332861": "additional schools in the metro areas", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01108-00332862-00333107": "Antonelli College a Career Training", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01109-00333108-00333365": "School is based in Cincinnati with", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01110-00333366-00333644": "several satellite campuses in Ohio and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01111-00333645-00333888": "Mississippi", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01112-00333889-00334176": "topic theater and song professional", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01113-00334177-00334473": "theatre has operated in Cincinnati since", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01114-00334474-00334881": "at least as early as the 1800s among the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01115-00334882-00335112": "professional companies based in the city", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01116-00335113-00335343": "are ensemble theater cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01117-00335344-00335625": "cincinnati shakespeare company the no", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01118-00335626-00335868": "theatre of cincinnati stage first", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01119-00335869-00336156": "Cincinnati Cincinnati Public Theatre", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01120-00336157-00336450": "Cincinnati Opera the performance gallery", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01121-00336451-00336804": "and clear stage Cincinnati the city is", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01122-00336805-00337089": "also home to Cincinnati Playhouse in the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01123-00337090-00337335": "park which hosts regional premieres and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01124-00337336-00337587": "the Aronoff center which hosts touring", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01125-00337588-00337833": "Broadway shows each year via Broadway", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01126-00337834-00337965": "Across America", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01127-00337966-00338307": "the city has community theaters such as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01128-00338308-00338517": "the Cincinnati young people's theater", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01129-00338518-00338769": "the showboat majestic which is the last", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01130-00338770-00339024": "surviving showboat in the United States", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01131-00339025-00339267": "and possibly the world and the Marymount", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01132-00339268-00339552": "players since 2011", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01133-00339553-00339816": "Cincinnati Opera and the University of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01134-00339817-00340071": "Cincinnati College Conservatory of Music", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01135-00340072-00340332": "have partnered to sponsor the opera", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01136-00340333-00340674": "fusion new works project the opera", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01137-00340675-00340938": "fusion new works project acts as a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01138-00340939-00341217": "program for composers or librettists to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01139-00341218-00341516": "workshop an opera in a 10-day residency", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01140-00341517-00341829": "this program is headed by the director", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01141-00341830-00342075": "of artistic operations at cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01142-00342076-00342318": "opera marcus cockle and the head of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01143-00342319-00342735": "opera at CCM robin Gauri no music", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01144-00342736-00342966": "related events include the Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01145-00342967-00343254": "May Festival Bunbury music festival and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01146-00343255-00343646": "Cincinnati Bell w eb and river fest", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01147-00343647-00343923": "cincinnati has hosted the world choir", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01148-00343924-00344196": "games with the catchy mantra Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01149-00344197-00344655": "the city that sings in 2015 Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01150-00344656-00345051": "held the u.s. Itt 2015 conference and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01151-00345052-00345266": "stage Expo at the Duke Energy Convention", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01152-00345267-00345624": "Center bringing 5,000 plus students", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01153-00345625-00345882": "university educators theatrical", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01154-00345883-00346092": "designers and performers and other", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01155-00346093-00346455": "personnel to the city the u.s. Itt", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01156-00346456-00346662": "conference has considered the main", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01157-00346663-00346938": "conference for theater opera and dance", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01158-00346939-00347205": "in the United States a rage in Harlem", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01159-00347206-00347238": "was", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01160-00347239-00347421": "filmed entirely in the Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01161-00347422-00347651": "neighborhood of over-the-rhine because", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01162-00347652-00348072": "of its similarity to 1950s Harlem movies", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01163-00348073-00348305": "that were filmed in part in Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01164-00348306-00348502": "include the best years of our lives", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01165-00348503-00348825": "aerial footage early in the film Ides of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01166-00348826-00349082": "March fresh horses the asphalt jungle", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01167-00349083-00349331": "the opening is shot from the public", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01168-00349332-00349566": "landing and takes place in Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01169-00349567-00349818": "although only Boone County Kentucky as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01170-00349819-00350078": "mentioned rain man miles ahead", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01171-00350079-00350373": "airborne grim reality little man tape", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01172-00350374-00350675": "city of hope an innocent man tango and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01173-00350676-00350964": "cash a mom for Christmas Lost in Yonkers", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01174-00350965-00351259": "summer catch artworks dreamer", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01175-00351260-00351557": "Elizabethtown Jimmy and Judy eight men", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01176-00351558-00351813": "out milk money traffic the pride of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01177-00351814-00352071": "Jesse Hallam the great buck Howard in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01178-00352072-00352395": "too deep seven below Carol public eye", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01179-00352396-00352675": "the last late night and the mighty in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01180-00352676-00352979": "addition wild hogs as set though not", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01181-00352980-00353142": "filmed in Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01182-00353143-00353394": "the Cincinnati skyline was prominently", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01183-00353395-00353613": "featured in the opening and closing", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01184-00353614-00353927": "sequences of the CBS daytime drama The", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01185-00353928-00354246": "Edge of Night from its start in 1956", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01186-00354247-00354549": "until 1980 when it was replaced by the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01187-00354550-00354830": "Los Angeles skyline the cityscape was", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01188-00354831-00355017": "the stand-in for the show's setting", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01189-00355018-00355379": "Monticello Procter & Gamble the show's", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01190-00355380-00355737": "producer is based in Cincinnati the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01191-00355738-00356139": "sitcom WKRP in Cincinnati and its sequel", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01192-00356140-00356462": "spin-off the new WKRP in Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01193-00356463-00356729": "featured the city's skyline and other", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01194-00356730-00356994": "exterior shots in its credits although", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01195-00356995-00357324": "was not filmed in Cincinnati the city's", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01196-00357325-00357584": "skyline has also appeared in an April", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01197-00357585-00357792": "Fool's episode of The Drew Carey Show", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01198-00357793-00358047": "which was said in Carey's hometown of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01199-00358048-00358374": "Cleveland 3 doors downs music video it's", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01200-00358375-00358662": "not my time was filmed in Cincinnati and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01201-00358663-00358919": "features the skyline and Fountain Square", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01202-00358920-00359375": "also Harry's Law the NBC legal drama D", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01203-00359376-00359630": "created by David E Kelly and starring", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01204-00359631-00360049": "Kathy Bates was set in Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01205-00360050-00360350": "Cincinnati has given rise or been home", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01206-00360351-00360551": "to popular musicians and singers", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01207-00360552-00360896": "coal-black Lonnie Mack Doris Day odd nas", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01208-00360897-00361199": "'dom Dinah Shore Fats Waller Rosemary", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01209-00361200-00361436": "Clooney Bootsy Collins The Isley", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01210-00361437-00361757": "Brothers Merle Travis Hank Ballard Otis", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01211-00361758-00362105": "Williams mood midnight star Calloway the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01212-00362106-00362375": "Afghan Whigs over-the-rhine blessed", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01213-00362376-00362711": "Union of souls Freddy Meyer 98 degrees", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01214-00362712-00362966": "the greenhorns the deal end-user", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01215-00362967-00363278": "heartless bastards the dopamine's adrian", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01216-00363279-00363620": "belew the national foxy Shazam why would", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01217-00363621-00363911": "see h-bomb Ferguson and walk the moon an", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01218-00363912-00364187": "alternative hip hop producer hi-tech", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01219-00364188-00364480": "calls the Greater Cincinnati region home", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01220-00364481-00364805": "Andy Biersack the lead vocalist for the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01221-00364806-00365090": "rock band Black Veil Brides was born in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01222-00365091-00365212": "Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01223-00365213-00365570": "the Cincinnati May Festival chorus as an", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01224-00365571-00365801": "amateur choir that has been in existence", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01225-00365802-00366191": "since 1880 the city is home to the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01226-00366192-00366467": "Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01227-00366468-00366722": "opera Cincinnati boy choir and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01228-00366723-00367013": "Cincinnati ballet the Greater Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01229-00367014-00367340": "area is also home to several regional", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01230-00367341-00367526": "orchestras and youth orchestras", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01231-00367527-00367784": "including the Starling Chamber Orchestra", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01232-00367785-00367949": "and the Cincinnati Symphony Youth", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01233-00367950-00368336": "Orchestra music director James Conlon", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01234-00368337-00368597": "and chorus director Robert Porco lead", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01235-00368598-00368765": "the chorus through an extensive", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01236-00368766-00369107": "repertoire of classical music the May", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01237-00369108-00369356": "Festival chorus as the mainstay of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01238-00369357-00369629": "oldest continuous choral festival in the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01239-00369630-00369740": "Western Hemisphere", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01240-00369741-00370007": "Cincinnati Music Hall was built to house", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01241-00370008-00370379": "the May Festival the hollow series of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01242-00370380-00370607": "books by Kim Harrison as an urban", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01243-00370608-00370933": "fantasy that takes place in Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01244-00370934-00371240": "American girls kit kittredge sub-series", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01245-00371241-00371522": "also took place in the city although the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01246-00371523-00371877": "film based on it was shot in Toronto", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01247-00371878-00372196": "Cincinnati also has its own chapter or", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01248-00372197-00372517": "tenth of the sons of the desert the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01249-00372518-00372793": "Laurel and Hardy appreciation society", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01250-00372794-00373021": "which meets several times per year", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01251-00373022-00373267": "Cincinnati as the subject of a Connie", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01252-00373268-00373492": "Smith song written by Bill Anderson", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01253-00373493-00373956": "called Cincinnati Ohio Cincinnati as the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01254-00373957-00374176": "main scenario for the international", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01255-00374177-00374433": "music production of Italian artist and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01256-00374434-00374767": "songwriter Veronica Vitali called inside", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01257-00374768-00375106": "the outsider she embedded the sounds of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01258-00375107-00375282": "the trains at Baltimore and Ohio", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01259-00375283-00375592": "Railroad downtown Cincinnati filmed her", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01260-00375593-00376015": "music single me sono an amaretto DJ at", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01261-00376016-00376342": "the American sign museum and recorded", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01262-00376343-00376533": "her heartbeat sound at Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01263-00376534-00376789": "Children's Hospital replacing it to the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01264-00376790-00377064": "drums for her song the pulse of light", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01265-00377065-00377382": "during the broadcasting at Ryan Seacrest", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01266-00377383-00377677": "studio furthermore she released the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01267-00377678-00377985": "music single nobody is perfect", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01268-00377986-00378271": "featuring legendary Cincinnati's bass", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01269-00378272-00378558": "player Bootsy Collins Cincinnati was a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01270-00378559-00378826": "major early music recording Center and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01271-00378827-00379056": "was home to King Records which helped", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01272-00379057-00379303": "launch the career of James Brown who", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01273-00379304-00379533": "often recorded there as well as jewel", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01274-00379534-00379738": "Records which helped launch Lonnie", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01275-00379739-00380088": "Mack's career and fraternity records", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01276-00380089-00380404": "Cincinnati had a vibrant jazz scene from", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01277-00380405-00380794": "the 1920s to today Louis Armstrong's", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01278-00380795-00381004": "first recordings were done in the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01279-00381005-00381258": "Cincinnati area at Jeannette records as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01280-00381259-00381487": "were Jelly Roll Morton 's Hoagy", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01281-00381488-00381718": "Carmichael's and Bix Beiderbecke who", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01282-00381719-00381973": "took up residency in Cincinnati for a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01283-00381974-00382444": "time Fats Waller was on staff at wlw in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01284-00382445-00383092": "the 1930s", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01285-00383093-00383935": "topic media", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01286-00383936-00384506": "topic newspapers", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01287-00384507-00384768": "Cincinnati's daily newspaper as the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01288-00384769-00384975": "Cincinnati Enquirer which was", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01289-00384976-00385428": "established in 1841 the city is home to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01290-00385429-00385679": "several alternative weekly and monthly", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01291-00385680-00385968": "publications among which are free weekly", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01292-00385969-00386229": "print magazine publications including", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01293-00386230-00386943": "CityBeat and la Jornada latina", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01294-00386944-00387454": "topic television", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01295-00387455-00387712": "according to Nielsen Media Research", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01296-00387713-00388004": "Cincinnati as the 36th largest", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01297-00388005-00388241": "television market in the United States", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01298-00388242-00388760": "as of the 2016-2017 television season 12", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01299-00388761-00389018": "television stations broadcast from", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01300-00389019-00389342": "Cincinnati major commercial stations in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01301-00389343-00390022": "the area include WLWT 5 NBC WCPO TV 9", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01302-00390023-00390917": "ABC WKRC TV 12 CBS with CW on DT 2 WX IX", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01303-00390918-00391568": "TV 19 Fox and wstr TV 64 my network TV", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01304-00391569-00391871": "in addition locally owned block", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01305-00391872-00392156": "broadcasting has a presence with to low", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01306-00392157-00392501": "power outlets woth cd20 shutting down", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01307-00392502-00393257": "January 23rd 2018 and wbq CLD 25 WCET", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01308-00393258-00393584": "channel 48 now known as set is the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01309-00393585-00393815": "United States oldest licensed public", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01310-00393816-00394106": "television station license number one", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01311-00394107-00394562": "issued in 1951 it is now co-owned with", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01312-00394563-00394769": "WP to14", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01313-00394770-00395629": "a satellite of WP TD in nearby Dayton", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01314-00395630-00396125": "topic radio", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01315-00396126-00396506": "as of December 2017 Cincinnati as the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01316-00396507-00396797": "30th largest radio market in the United", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01317-00396798-00397082": "States with an estimated 1.8 million", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01318-00397083-00397478": "listeners aged 12 and above major radio", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01319-00397479-00397751": "station operators include I heart media", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01320-00397752-00398279": "and cumulus media wlw and WC KY both", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01321-00398280-00398516": "owned by iheartmedia are both Clear", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01322-00398517-00398750": "Channel stations that broadcast at", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01323-00398751-00399011": "50,000 watts covering most of the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01324-00399012-00399720": "eastern United States at night", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01325-00399721-00400294": "topic transportation", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01326-00400295-00400597": "the city of Cincinnati has a higher than", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01327-00400598-00400828": "average percentage of households without", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01328-00400829-00401328": "a car in 2015 19 point three percent of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01329-00401329-00401583": "Cincinnati households lacked a car and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01330-00401584-00401824": "increased slightly to twenty one point", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01331-00401825-00402262": "two percent in 2016 the national average", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01332-00402263-00402618": "was eight point seven percent in 2016", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01333-00402619-00402937": "Cincinnati averaged one point three cars", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01334-00402938-00403246": "per household in 2016 compared to a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01335-00403247-00403563": "national average of 1.8 t-h-e", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01336-00403564-00403837": "development of a light rail system has", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01337-00403838-00404074": "long been a goal for Cincinnati with", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01338-00404075-00404320": "several proposals emerging over many", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01339-00404321-00404682": "decades the city grew rapidly during the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01340-00404683-00404926": "streetcar era of the late 19th century", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01341-00404927-00405192": "and early 1900s", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01342-00405193-00405493": "public transit ridership has been in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01343-00405494-00405753": "decline for at least several decades and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01344-00405754-00405967": "bicycles and walking account for a", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01345-00405968-00406239": "relatively small portion of all trips", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01346-00406240-00406525": "like many other Midwestern cities", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01347-00406526-00406819": "however bicycle use is growing fairly", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01348-00406820-00407119": "rapidly in the 2000s and 2010's", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01349-00407120-00407569": "in 1916 the mayor and citizens voted to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01350-00407570-00407815": "spend 6 million dollars to build the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01351-00407816-00408156": "Cincinnati subway the subway was planned", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01352-00408157-00408442": "to be a 16 mile loop from downtown to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01353-00408443-00408664": "Norwood to Oakley and back to the east", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01354-00408665-00409029": "side of downtown World War one delayed", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01355-00409030-00409342": "the construction in 1920 an inflation", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01356-00409343-00409570": "raised the costs causing the Oakley", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01357-00409571-00409745": "portion never to be built", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01358-00409746-00410064": "mayor season good who took office later", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01359-00410066-00410287": "on argued it would cost too much money", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01360-00410288-00410680": "to finish the system a century later the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01361-00410681-00410943": "Cincinnati Bell connector streetcar line", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01362-00410944-00411226": "which opened for service on September 9", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01363-00411227-00411522": "2016 crosses directly above the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01364-00411523-00411759": "unfinished subway on Central Parkway", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01365-00411760-00412101": "downtown Cincinnati has served by", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01366-00412102-00412351": "Amtrak's Cardinal an intercity passenger", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01367-00412352-00412668": "train which makes three weekly trips in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01368-00412669-00412899": "each direction between Chicago and New", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01369-00412900-00413134": "York City through Cincinnati Union", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01370-00413135-00413451": "Terminal Cincinnati has served by the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01371-00413452-00413659": "Southwest Ohio Regional", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01372-00413660-00413914": "transit authority sorda the Transit", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01373-00413914-00414166": "Authority of Northern Kentucky tank and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01374-00414167-00414453": "the Clermont transportation connection", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01375-00414454-00414826": "sorta and tank primarily operate 40-foot", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01376-00414827-00415039": "diesel buses though some lines are", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01377-00415039-00415314": "served by longer articulated or hybrid", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01378-00415316-00415783": "engine buses in 2012 to 16 Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01379-00415784-00416059": "constructed a streetcar line in downtown", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01380-00416060-00416184": "and Over the Rhine", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01381-00416185-00416482": "this modern version of the streetcar", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01382-00416483-00416857": "opened in September 2016 the Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01383-00416858-00417139": "streetcar project experienced rail car", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01384-00417139-00417412": "manufacturing delays and initial funding", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01385-00417413-00417637": "issues but was completed on time and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01386-00417638-00418033": "within its budget in mid-2016 a system", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01387-00418034-00418279": "of public staircases known as the steps", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01388-00418280-00418549": "of cincinnati guides pedestrians up and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01389-00418550-00418780": "down the many hills in the city in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01390-00418781-00419062": "addition to practical use linking", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01391-00419063-00419278": "hillside neighborhoods the four hundred", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01392-00419279-00419560": "stairways provide visitors scenic views", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01393-00419560-00419899": "of the cincinnati area the city is", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01394-00419900-00420139": "served by Cincinnati Northern Kentucky", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01395-00420139-00420583": "International Airport IATA CVG which is", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01396-00420584-00420955": "actually located in Hebron Kentucky the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01397-00420956-00421192": "airport as a focused City for Delta", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01398-00421193-00421450": "Airlines as well as low-cost carriers", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01399-00421451-00421758": "Allegiant Air and Frontier Airlines in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01400-00421759-00422014": "addition the airport as the largest", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01401-00422014-00422343": "global hub for both Amazon air and DHL", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01402-00422345-00422716": "aviation Cincinnati municipal Lunken", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01403-00422717-00423082": "Airport IATA luck has daily service on", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01404-00423083-00423285": "commercial charter flights and is", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01405-00423287-00423652": "located in Ohio the airport serves as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01406-00423653-00423841": "hub for ultimate air shuttle and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01407-00423842-00424225": "flamingo air bus traffic is heavy in", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01408-00424226-00424528": "Cincinnati mega bus and Greyhound as", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01409-00424529-00424753": "well as several other smaller motor", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01410-00424754-00424960": "coach companies operate out of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01411-00424960-00425182": "Cincinnati making trips within the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01412-00425183-00425521": "Midwest or beyond the city has an outer", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01413-00425522-00425881": "belt interstate 275 which is the longest", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01414-00425882-00426147": "circle highway in the country at 85", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01415-00426149-00426510": "miles and a spur interstate 471 to", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01416-00426512-00426643": "Kentucky", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01417-00426644-00426941": "it is also served by interstate 71", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01418-00426942-00427381": "interstate 74 interstate 75 and numerous", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01419-00427382-00428002": "US highways u.s. 22 u.s. 25 u.s. 27 u.s.", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01420-00428003-00428647": "42 u.s. 50 u.s. 52 and u.s. 127 the", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01421-00428648-00428896": "riverfront Transit Center built under", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01422-00428897-00429143": "2nd Street is about the size of 8", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01423-00429143-00429469": "football fields it is only used for", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01424-00429470-00429814": "sports games and school field trips when", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01425-00429815-00430064": "it was built it was designed for public", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01426-00430064-00430379": "transit buses charter buses school buses", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01427-00430380-00430687": "City coach buses light rail and possibly", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01428-00430688-00431047": "commuter rail on days it is not in use", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01429-00431048-00431318": "for sports games it is closed off and", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01430-00431318-00432052": "rented to a private parking vendor", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01431-00432053-00432976": "topic notable people", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01432-00432977-00433568": "topic sister cities", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01433-00433570-00434334": "Cincinnati has nine sister cities", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01434-00434335-00434897": "topic C also", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01435-00434898-00435316": "Cincinnati nicknames City plan for", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01436-00435317-00435802": "Cincinnati Greater Cincinnati list of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01437-00435803-00436141": "Cincinnati neighborhoods list of mayors", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01438-00436142-00436504": "of Cincinnati National Register of", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01439-00436505-00436777": "Historic Places listings in Cincinnati", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01440-00436778-00437297": "Ohio streetcars in Cincinnati historical", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01441-00437298-00437758": "Vine Street Cincinnati equals equals", "0kSWQZ_WSUg-01442-00437759-00438004": "notes"}}, {"audio_id": "0kWqvrAHpvY", "text": {"0kWqvrAHpvY-00000-00000096-00001282": "foreign", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00001-00001283-00002684": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00002-00002685-00003118": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00003-00003119-00003870": "us is a friend foreign", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00004-00003871-00004897": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00005-00004898-00005885": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00006-00005886-00006413": "the empire", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00007-00006414-00006634": "okay", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00008-00006636-00007179": "I somebody said yes", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00009-00007180-00008213": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00010-00008214-00009095": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00011-00009096-00009361": "foreign", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00012-00009362-00010223": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00013-00010224-00016565": "foreign", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00014-00016566-00019486": "foreign", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00015-00019487-00019907": "foreign", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00016-00019908-00020417": "there are two merry mental", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00017-00020418-00020603": "I also want to", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00018-00020604-00021155": "say again no no", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00019-00021156-00021582": "yes", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00020-00021583-00022271": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00021-00022272-00022444": "who react", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00022-00022445-00023249": "quack", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00023-00023250-00023422": "what did it say", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00024-00023423-00023671": "what is this way", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00025-00023672-00024172": "about foreign", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00026-00024173-00025949": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00027-00025950-00026141": "foreign", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00028-00026142-00026339": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00029-00026339-00026812": "foreign", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00030-00026813-00027202": "depending on where you are looking at it", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00031-00027204-00027364": "from", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00032-00027366-00027502": "I", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00033-00027504-00027708": "baby", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00034-00027710-00027977": "yes because", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00035-00027977-00029368": "um", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00036-00029369-00029633": "I know your phone", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00037-00029633-00030533": "where you are standing from", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00038-00030533-00030918": "me", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00039-00030919-00031205": "started here to talk challenge as well", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00040-00031206-00031947": "better", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00041-00031948-00032477": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00042-00032477-00033340": "foreign", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00043-00033341-00033671": "more second at any break the motorcycle", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00044-00033672-00034001": "I know any break the motorcycle at any", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00045-00034002-00034822": "break now what happened", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00046-00034823-00034933": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00047-00034934-00035195": "here yes", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00048-00035196-00036199": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00049-00036200-00036923": "let's cry maybe three months 33 months", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00050-00036924-00037968": "I can advertise for you yeah Instagram", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00051-00037969-00038555": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00052-00038556-00038933": "hey", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00053-00038934-00039671": "um", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00054-00039672-00040211": "foreign", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00055-00040212-00042196": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00056-00042197-00042640": "stop it stop it right there", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00057-00042641-00042767": "Mommy", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00058-00042768-00045166": "foreign", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00059-00045167-00045911": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00060-00045912-00046515": "foreign", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00061-00046516-00049201": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00062-00049202-00049583": "Heaven Is Thy not thy God", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00063-00049584-00050652": "Proverbs 18 6 yes", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00064-00050653-00052313": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00065-00052314-00055669": "macrame", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00066-00055670-00055832": "thank you", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00067-00055833-00056358": "[Music]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00068-00056359-00056465": "[Applause]", "0kWqvrAHpvY-00069-00056466-00057079": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "0l9YwbO2Xg0", "text": {"0l9YwbO2Xg0-00000-00000151-00000432": "all right welcome to the main webinar at", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00001-00000433-00000699": "the NASA night sky network this month we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00002-00000700-00000945": "welcome Jamie Foster to our webinar who", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00003-00000946-00001114": "will tell us a little bit of the story", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00004-00001115-00001437": "about the early Earth but first here's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00005-00001438-00001663": "Dave prosper with an activity that you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00006-00001664-00001888": "can use to engage your audience in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00007-00001889-00002383": "helping tell the story Dave alright so", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00008-00002384-00002676": "this is one of my favorite items from", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00009-00002677-00002849": "the night sky network which is the earth", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00010-00002850-00003163": "time line you might have may already", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00011-00003164-00003409": "have this in your club you may have seen", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00012-00003410-00003786": "it it's also part of the whole on watery", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00013-00003787-00004431": "world banner we're focusing again on the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00014-00004432-00004888": "earth earth timeline and it's rather", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00015-00004889-00005145": "large but roughly about the size of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00016-00005146-00005331": "posters hands which I'll get to in a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00017-00005332-00005602": "second it's a very fun demo you can set", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00018-00005603-00005745": "this up that's great for the daytime", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00019-00005746-00006120": "especially this actually you can fold", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00020-00006121-00006531": "the bottom up and which kind of had it", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00021-00006533-00006754": "lists when different life forms", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00022-00006755-00007327": "puffed up hold this up participants to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00023-00007328-00007861": "sort of guess when which kind of kinds", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00024-00007862-00008143": "of life of evolved on the earth and we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00025-00008144-00008281": "have a little chute where you can cut", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00026-00008282-00008707": "out the different sort of biological", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00027-00008708-00008962": "events types of creatures when they", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00028-00008963-00009238": "appeared and to kind of stick them up", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00029-00009239-00009457": "along the banner what everyone's kind of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00030-00009458-00009691": "figured out where things they think", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00031-00009692-00009922": "should be you can then flip it open and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00032-00009923-00010045": "kind of show the results there's always", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00033-00010046-00010390": "a surprise for almost everyone and the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00034-00010391-00010633": "timeline is of course an approximation", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00035-00010634-00010867": "of what we understand at this time", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00036-00010868-00011158": "various discoveries may change specifics", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00037-00011159-00011383": "around a little bit kind of especially", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00038-00011384-00011527": "near the earliest section of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00039-00011528-00011737": "timeline as we might hear more about", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00040-00011738-00012052": "tonight and you may notice on the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00041-00012053-00012190": "timeline there's a silhouette of a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00042-00012191-00012337": "person with their hands outstretched", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00043-00012338-00012520": "it's sort of the basis of how we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00044-00012521-00012819": "developed it how we kind of started and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00045-00012819-00013141": "so you can actually do the timeline with", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00046-00013141-00013312": "your arms if you want just as a quick", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00047-00013313-00013449": "sort of like a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00048-00013450-00013766": "like Carl Sagan and cosmos sort of doing", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00049-00013768-00014213": "that sort of demo and they just remember", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00050-00014215-00014454": "that it ends with them filing your nails", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00051-00014455-00014829": "will on the scale erases all of our", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00052-00014830-00015015": "recorded human civilization that's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00053-00015016-00015231": "always the fun part and I'll post the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00054-00015232-00015375": "link to this in the chat as well and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00055-00015376-00015624": "that's it and back to you Frank all", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00056-00015625-00015756": "right thanks babe", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00057-00015757-00015993": "well now for our featured speaker dr.", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00058-00015994-00016182": "Jamie Foster is an associate professor", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00059-00016183-00016482": "at the University of Florida and her", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00060-00016483-00016686": "research program is dedicated to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00061-00016687-00016880": "examining the interactions between", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00062-00016881-00017082": "microbial communities and their", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00063-00017083-00017298": "surrounding environments whether it's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00064-00017299-00017523": "stromatolite SAR squid Jamie's working", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00065-00017524-00017688": "to improve our understanding of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00066-00017689-00017961": "molecular mechanisms that microbes use", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00067-00017962-00018183": "to adapt and respond to changes in the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00068-00018184-00018234": "environment", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00069-00018235-00018585": "please welcome Jamie Foster thank you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00070-00018586-00018660": "everybody", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00071-00018661-00018813": "it's so wonderful to be here and I", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00072-00018814-00019008": "really appreciate you all taking an hour", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00073-00019009-00019305": "out of your time your very busy days to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00074-00019306-00019476": "come listen to all things stromatolite", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00075-00019477-00019758": "tonight I'm going to start sharing my", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00076-00019759-00020154": "screen and showing you slides and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00077-00020155-00021038": "hopefully start that process", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00078-00021039-00021483": "you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00079-00021484-00021750": "that looks pretty good and for those of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00080-00021751-00021955": "you out there if it looks a little bit", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00081-00021956-00022194": "small up at the top of the screen you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00082-00022195-00022564": "can change your viewing properties to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00083-00022565-00022792": "make that a little bit bigger so looks", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00084-00022793-00022900": "good thanks Jenny", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00085-00022901-00023181": "okay great so again thank you all and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00086-00023182-00023325": "thank you Brian thank you David for", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00087-00023326-00023478": "inviting me here today", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00088-00023479-00023794": "so stromatolite so it sounds like a lot", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00089-00023795-00023938": "of you already know what those are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00090-00023939-00024211": "especially with that a timeline that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00091-00024212-00024378": "might be going around to your different", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00092-00024379-00024630": "organizations stromatolites are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00093-00024631-00024961": "essentially living rocks living", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00094-00024962-00025228": "ecosystems that that from this picture", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00095-00025229-00025450": "here you see a this is a picture that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00096-00025451-00025653": "hangs in the Smithsonian it's an artwork", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00097-00025654-00026000": "done to represent the ancient earth and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00098-00026001-00026277": "what I'm gonna tell you a little bit is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00099-00026278-00026554": "about how they form where do they occur", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00100-00026555-00026755": "why do we care so much about", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00101-00026756-00026881": "stromatolites", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00102-00026882-00027112": "and why do we call them windows into the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00103-00027113-00027333": "ancient earth and if anyone is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00104-00027335-00027529": "interested in learning more or has", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00105-00027530-00027740": "questions that didn't get quite answered", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00106-00027741-00028087": "in tonight's webinar feel free to email", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00107-00028088-00028308": "me my email is at the bottom of this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00108-00028309-00028539": "slide here presentation and you can", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00109-00028541-00028879": "always google Jay foster in University", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00110-00028880-00029037": "of Florida and on my information should", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00111-00029038-00029283": "come pop right up so let's talk about", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00112-00029283-00029920": "first what is it would move it on itself", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00113-00029920-00030195": "okay so what is a stromatolite and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00114-00030195-00030439": "essentially what we're talking about or", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00115-00030439-00030687": "the stromatolite is actually the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00116-00030688-00030990": "minerals left behind by the activities", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00117-00030991-00031258": "of microbes so stromatolites are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00118-00031258-00031527": "actually made by microbes and their", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00119-00031528-00031723": "interactions with the environment", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00120-00031724-00031954": "life is always affecting the environment", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00121-00031955-00032137": "and in return the environment is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00122-00032138-00032418": "affecting the life on the planet and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00123-00032419-00032680": "this give-and-take this feedback system", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00124-00032681-00032917": "has really changed the face of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00125-00032918-00033102": "planet when stromatolites have played a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00126-00033103-00033382": "role in that and so here you can see in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00127-00033383-00033552": "this photo here these are living", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00128-00033553-00033802": "stromatolites from Australia they're", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00129-00033803-00034000": "found in a place called Shark Bay or", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00130-00034001-00034287": "specifically Hamlin pool and here's a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00131-00034288-00034537": "cross section of a stromatolite and you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00132-00034538-00034604": "see", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00133-00034605-00034837": "and lots of layers that are being formed", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00134-00034838-00035126": "and so the microbes that have been", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00135-00035127-00035429": "forming these structures just late each", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00136-00035430-00035624": "one of these layers used to be the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00137-00035625-00036037": "surface community and as they grew as", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00138-00036038-00036227": "the microbes here's a picture of some of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00139-00036228-00036361": "those microbes here such as", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00140-00036362-00036649": "cyanobacteria as they grow towards the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00141-00036650-00036952": "Sun they leave behind this structure", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00142-00036953-00037193": "this mineral structure and here's just a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00143-00037194-00037474": "this is a confocal microscope image of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00144-00037475-00037667": "some of the sand grains this is from", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00145-00037668-00037892": "taken from the Bahamas actually and some", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00146-00037893-00038074": "of these microbes that are trapping and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00147-00038075-00038357": "binding and grabbing on to the sand", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00148-00038358-00038570": "grains into the sediment that's coming", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00149-00038571-00038810": "into their environment and we'll talk a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00150-00038811-00039470": "little bit where how they form they were", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00151-00039471-00039674": "in these matrix things as they grow", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00152-00039675-00039889": "towards the Sun they meet behind this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00153-00039890-00040060": "mineral through a process called", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00154-00040061-00040364": "biologically induced mineralization so", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00155-00040365-00040592": "this is a process by which carbon is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00156-00040593-00040771": "basically scrubbed out of their", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00157-00040772-00040982": "environment and turned into calcium", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00158-00040983-00041183": "carbonate and through this process that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00159-00041184-00041362": "really had a big impact on the planet", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00160-00041363-00041711": "and so carbonate mineralization is done", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00161-00041712-00041902": "in a lot of different ways stromatolites", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00162-00041903-00042032": "aren't the only things that can", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00163-00042033-00042196": "precipitate carbonate obviously we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00164-00042197-00042404": "seashells seashells on the shore and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00165-00042405-00042749": "they are of this process of sequestering", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00166-00042750-00043024": "or scrubbing out that co2 and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00167-00043025-00043318": "precipitating it as calcium carbonate is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00168-00043319-00043615": "a that is a incredibly key part of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00169-00043616-00043849": "global carbon cycle and so this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00170-00043850-00044176": "biologically induced mineralization that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00171-00044177-00044449": "requires life you have to have life but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00172-00044450-00044645": "it's not active it's not like a shell", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00173-00044646-00044908": "precipitation or skeleton precipitation", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00174-00044909-00045083": "it's a little different it's where", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00175-00045084-00045305": "you're taking and you're manipulating", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00176-00045306-00045554": "the environment around you the microbes", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00177-00045555-00045787": "living in the stromatolite are changing", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00178-00045788-00046015": "their micro environment around them and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00179-00046016-00046301": "forming all these very unique structures", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00180-00046302-00046511": "and the type of structure is dependent", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00181-00046512-00046705": "on what microbe is there what sugar is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00182-00046706-00046999": "there and and so forth and each again", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00183-00047000-00047296": "each of these layers represented a past", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00184-00047297-00047531": "surface community and it's like a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00185-00047532-00047811": "timeline going into the past", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00186-00047812-00048004": "and then sometimes you don't you can get", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00187-00048005-00048189": "precipitation without men without life", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00188-00048190-00048399": "present but but this is the one that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00189-00048400-00048615": "stromatolites use and that's what we're", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00190-00048616-00048810": "going to talk about for the rest of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00191-00048811-00049104": "presentation so again what is a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00192-00049105-00049464": "stromatolite these are layers of past", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00193-00049465-00049698": "communities and they're representing the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00194-00049699-00049992": "past surface of that environment and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00195-00049993-00050214": "it's like a tree ring if you cut into a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00196-00050215-00050442": "tree ring each ring of the tree is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00197-00050443-00050757": "representing a you know a hint or a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00198-00050758-00050952": "history of what that tree went through", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00199-00050953-00051160": "over its history and the stromatolites", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00200-00051161-00051375": "can do the same thing each layer is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00201-00051376-00051519": "almost like a footprint", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00202-00051520-00051850": "looking back into the bio signatures or", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00203-00051851-00052113": "in bio markers or what was happening to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00204-00052114-00052441": "that particular ecosystem at that moment", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00205-00052441-00052696": "in time and again we've talked about the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00206-00052697-00052912": "microbes that live on the surface that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00207-00052913-00053140": "make these structures and we call those", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00208-00053141-00053538": "communities microbial mats and microbial", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00209-00053539-00053725": "mats they're found all over the place", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00210-00053726-00053941": "all over the world in in the modern", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00211-00053941-00054141": "earth not all of them make stromatolites", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00212-00054142-00054363": "only a few locations in the world and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00213-00054364-00054638": "we'll talk about that a bit later but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00214-00054639-00054894": "microbial mats are essentially organized", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00215-00054895-00055153": "communities of microbes that form these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00216-00055154-00055341": "very distinct layers and here's a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00217-00055342-00055644": "picture of one taken from a salt pond it", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00218-00055645-00055782": "looks a little different it's you know", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00219-00055783-00055938": "there's no mineralization in this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00220-00055939-00056284": "particular example but they have complex", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00221-00056285-00056505": "cycling of nutrients there they're", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00222-00056506-00056734": "cycling carbon they're cycling oxygen", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00223-00056735-00056947": "and sulfur through a whole host of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00224-00056948-00057192": "different metabolisms here and this is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00225-00057194-00057525": "all happening within a very small region", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00226-00057526-00057741": "centimeters and all of these different", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00227-00057742-00057991": "metabolisms are working together to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00228-00057991-00058246": "influence their environment specifically", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00229-00058247-00058441": "they can influence the ph of their", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00230-00058441-00058687": "environment and and shift things either", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00231-00058688-00058926": "towards something more acidic or shift", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00232-00058927-00059232": "things towards something more alkalinity", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00233-00059233-00059541": "and it takes a shift towards higher pH", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00234-00059542-00059751": "or a more alkaline environment in order", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00235-00059752-00060022": "to facilitate actual stromatolites to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00236-00060023-00060285": "form so they need a slightly higher pH", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00237-00060286-00060565": "and they don't form well under acidic", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00238-00060566-00060940": "conditions so what's the big deal so why", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00239-00060941-00061176": "should we any of us care about", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00240-00061177-00061336": "mana lights I told you this they were", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00241-00061337-00061759": "very abundant in the past here but and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00242-00061760-00061936": "here's just a picture of a modern", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00243-00061937-00062241": "example but why should we care and one", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00244-00062242-00062466": "of the key organisms that make", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00245-00062467-00062694": "stromatolite that will talk a lot talk", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00246-00062695-00062935": "about a lot more are cyanobacteria and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00247-00062936-00063121": "here's another confocal image showing", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00248-00063122-00063354": "all sorts of different types of microbes", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00249-00063355-00063573": "living in that environment predominantly", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00250-00063574-00063888": "cyanobacteria and stromatolites are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00251-00063889-00064060": "important especially if we want to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00252-00064061-00064204": "understand the history of the earth", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00253-00064204-00064348": "because they're the oldest known", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00254-00064349-00064563": "ecosystem on the planet that we know", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00255-00064564-00064893": "about and we'll talk about their age but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00256-00064894-00065116": "the modern systems by studying living", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00257-00065116-00065376": "examples hopefully we can understand the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00258-00065377-00065625": "processes that happened in the past now", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00259-00065626-00065799": "the microbes are no longer the same they", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00260-00065800-00065979": "have changed through evolution the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00261-00065980-00066198": "microbes in them in the living examples", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00262-00066199-00066426": "today are probably not anything like", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00263-00066427-00066756": "microbes in the past in terms of their", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00264-00066757-00066961": "genetic structure and what genes they", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00265-00066962-00067182": "might have but the metabolisms that they", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00266-00067183-00067431": "do are probably ancient and we can learn", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00267-00067432-00067759": "a lot about how the living systems", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00268-00067760-00068023": "function work together communicate", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00269-00068024-00068232": "amongst themselves to understand how", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00270-00068233-00068487": "things might have originated or evolved", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00271-00068488-00068751": "in the past so understanding the living", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00272-00068752-00068951": "systems gives us a lot of information", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00273-00068952-00069224": "they serve as analogues to the past", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00274-00069225-00069492": "another important reason is these guys", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00275-00069493-00069768": "are little co2 scrubbers they are pullin", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00276-00069769-00070003": "co2 out of the environment and turning", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00277-00070004-00070192": "it into calcium carbonate they're", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00278-00070193-00070482": "scrubbing out that co2 so by", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00279-00070483-00070690": "understanding those processes and what", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00280-00070691-00071035": "are the environmental parameters so to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00281-00071036-00071286": "speak what's the envelope of the maximum", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00282-00071287-00071451": "amount of the precipitation that could", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00283-00071452-00071688": "happen that could also be very important", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00284-00071689-00071949": "to understand insights and how our earth", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00285-00071950-00072150": "is changing today and what are the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00286-00072151-00072368": "effects of maybe answer a per genic", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00287-00072369-00072612": "climate change and how will that affect", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00288-00072613-00072957": "these stromatolite reef systems and also", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00289-00072958-00073119": "these things are dominated by", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00290-00073120-00073368": "cyanobacteria which are tolerant to all", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00291-00073369-00073678": "sorts of environmental stress and we can", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00292-00073679-00073899": "learn a lot about how they're dealing", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00293-00073900-00074254": "with DNA repair UV tuff stress and they", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00294-00074255-00074422": "can give us a lot of insights and how", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00295-00074423-00074533": "they communicate with", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00296-00074534-00074722": "other microbes within these systems so", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00297-00074723-00075025": "all these things together make them very", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00298-00075026-00075280": "insightful ecosystems to look at to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00299-00075281-00075490": "understand how did life come to be on", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00300-00075491-00075850": "the planet now how old are the oldest", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00301-00075851-00076051": "romantics this is the big controversial", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00302-00076052-00076360": "some people push it back to 3.7 some", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00303-00076361-00076567": "people you know say nothing younger than", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00304-00076568-00076936": "3.3 or 3.4 billion years ago and I tend", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00305-00076937-00077275": "to use the geological term Giga annum GA", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00306-00077276-00077641": "in terms to represent time so you'll see", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00307-00077642-00077968": "that on the future slides just 3.5 GA or", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00308-00077969-00078147": "billion years or thirty five hundred", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00309-00078148-00078430": "million years so that's kind of my safe", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00310-00078431-00078667": "number that I kind of throw out there of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00311-00078668-00079003": "where stromatolites that are the least", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00312-00079004-00079237": "amount you fossil representatives that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00313-00079238-00079543": "are less controversial but there are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00314-00079544-00079771": "some people that put that back push that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00315-00079772-00080077": "back to about 3.7 billion years ago now", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00316-00080078-00080248": "that's a really long time here on this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00317-00080249-00080479": "cartoon here we can just see this is the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00318-00080480-00080890": "modern yawn the phanerozoic here and all", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00319-00080891-00081112": "of that on the right-hand column here", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00320-00081113-00081370": "fits into this upper left-hand portion", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00321-00081371-00081628": "here and that's like all all the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00322-00081629-00081934": "dinosaurs land plants the rise of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00323-00081935-00082152": "animals all of that happened around here", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00324-00082153-00082423": "the Precambrian is that everything else", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00325-00082424-00082762": "and stromatolite came very early on in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00326-00082763-00083071": "earth's history and they first formed in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00327-00083072-00083296": "the Archaean and we the boundary between", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00328-00083297-00083554": "the Hadean or the formation of the earth", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00329-00083555-00083860": "and then the first origins of life kind", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00330-00083861-00084034": "of marks that boundary between the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00331-00084035-00084216": "Hadean and the Archaean roughly", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00332-00084217-00084481": "three-and-a-half 3.7 billion years ago", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00333-00084482-00084655": "and these are just sometimes some", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00334-00084656-00084838": "guidelines give or take a few hundred", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00335-00084839-00085066": "million years but this pre camión period", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00336-00085067-00085366": "was the when stromatolites rules the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00337-00085367-00085639": "earth and they make up about 90% of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00338-00085640-00085897": "Earth's history that Precambrian period", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00339-00085898-00086161": "so what what was the earth archaean eon", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00340-00086162-00086290": "like what", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00341-00086291-00086470": "when stromatolites formed what did the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00342-00086471-00086695": "earth look like well the big thing that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00343-00086696-00086791": "was different", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00344-00086792-00087049": "well two big things first as you can see", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00345-00087050-00087196": "here in this little cartoon there", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00346-00087197-00087406": "weren't the continents that we think of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00347-00087407-00087667": "today there would have this is the time", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00348-00087668-00087824": "when maybe some of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00349-00087825-00088010": "since the oceanic crust might have been", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00350-00088011-00088205": "losing out the consonants are starting", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00351-00088206-00088265": "to form", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00352-00088266-00088523": "but life probably originated very early", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00353-00088524-00088724": "when there might have just been just", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00354-00088725-00089204": "these fledgling formations and the other", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00355-00089205-00089438": "big factor what the arcane was like is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00356-00089439-00089684": "there would have not been free oxygen in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00357-00089685-00089840": "the and the environment it would have", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00358-00089841-00090152": "been probably enriched to co2 and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00359-00090153-00090413": "methane and probably some more hydrogen", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00360-00090414-00090650": "than there is now and another thing that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00361-00090651-00090878": "was very different was the Sun was less", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00362-00090879-00091088": "luminous there's this thing called the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00363-00091089-00091440": "faint young Sun hypothesis as the Sun as", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00364-00091441-00091700": "the Sun is aging it is getting brighter", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00365-00091701-00092066": "and so the earth was probably the Sun", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00366-00092067-00092315": "was less luminous in the past so the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00367-00092316-00092606": "earth probably relied more on greenhouse", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00368-00092607-00092954": "gases to keep it to keep it warm and to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00369-00092955-00093242": "keep it from just freezing over but by", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00370-00093243-00093455": "the end of the Archaean we have a very", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00371-00093456-00093665": "few remnants these are called cratons", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00372-00093666-00093838": "these are these remnants of the ancient", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00373-00093839-00094088": "continents that still exist that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00374-00094089-00094405": "geologists study today and right around", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00375-00094406-00094730": "this so this is what would have what has", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00376-00094731-00095034": "survived from the Archaean on the modern", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00377-00095035-00095306": "earth and these plate tectonics would", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00378-00095307-00095547": "have been very critical for nutrients to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00379-00095548-00095717": "be cycling and moving around so you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00380-00095718-00095915": "probably would have had plate tectonics", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00381-00095916-00096147": "by the end of the Archaean so the earth", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00382-00096148-00096302": "looked very different from its", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00383-00096303-00096584": "atmosphere the lack of confidence or", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00384-00096585-00096773": "pronounced constants as we think of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00385-00096774-00097028": "today and you would have had to have", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00386-00097029-00097148": "rely there would have been a lot more", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00387-00097149-00097454": "greenhouse gases in the environment but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00388-00097455-00097616": "the oldest stromatolite fossils date", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00389-00097617-00097802": "back from this time and this is just a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00390-00097803-00098034": "picture of some from Australia and you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00391-00098035-00098297": "can kind of see those layers and I know", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00392-00098298-00098504": "it kind of can look like why how do we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00393-00098505-00098672": "know that this is a stromatolite and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00394-00098673-00098847": "hence why there's a lot of controversy", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00395-00098848-00099139": "dating back to these but they're", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00396-00099140-00099668": "actually like no longer these old and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00397-00099669-00099971": "some of them are people proposed that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00398-00099972-00100292": "these are in fact cyanobacteria and this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00399-00100293-00100475": "particular region in Western Australia", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00400-00100476-00100637": "is very close to the region that I work", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00401-00100638-00100787": "on today this is where the living ones", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00402-00100788-00101013": "are today and here's an", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00403-00101014-00101241": "of a region where they were fossilized", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00404-00101242-00101613": "examples lived so they're very old and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00405-00101614-00101935": "we have very good fossil record of them", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00406-00101936-00102142": "dating back to roughly three and a half", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00407-00102143-00102489": "billion years and I want to talk a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00408-00102490-00102630": "little more about the cyanobacteria", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00409-00102631-00102873": "because these are so important to the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00410-00102874-00103104": "change that or the impact that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00411-00103105-00103419": "stromatolites have had on the planet so", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00412-00103420-00103639": "cyanobacteria just as a refresher of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00413-00103640-00103924": "what we call photo autotrophic bacteria", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00414-00103925-00104251": "that means that the photo part means of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00415-00104252-00104425": "where they're getting their energy from", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00416-00104426-00104619": "that means they're getting energy from", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00417-00104620-00104857": "the Sun through photosynthesis and the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00418-00104858-00105054": "auto part that tells you where the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00419-00105055-00105291": "carbon is coming from and these guys are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00420-00105292-00105486": "getting their carbon from fixing", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00421-00105488-00105670": "atmospheric co2 they're just", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00422-00105671-00105922": "metabolizing it directly from the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00423-00105923-00106116": "environment and here's just kind of a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00424-00106117-00106324": "cartoon drawing of what is average", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00425-00106325-00106570": "cyanobacteria looks like cyanobacteria", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00426-00106571-00106849": "still have a dramatic impact on the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00427-00106850-00107107": "planet today I live in Florida and we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00428-00107108-00107413": "are dealing with a very bad", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00429-00107414-00107626": "cyanobacteria problem in some of our", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00430-00107627-00107766": "water wet areas", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00431-00107767-00108090": "big bad bloom happened in 2016 but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00432-00108091-00108359": "they're also being targeted for biofuels", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00433-00108360-00108631": "spirulina supplements I have arthritis I", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00434-00108632-00108903": "take these and so they're cyanobacteria", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00435-00108904-00109132": "still play a valuable role but in the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00436-00109133-00109471": "past they had a pivotal role in changing", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00437-00109472-00109648": "the face of the planet", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00438-00109649-00109894": "so cyanobacteria dominate stromatolites", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00439-00109895-00110218": "but the key metabolism that occurs that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00440-00110219-00110538": "they do is photosynthesis oxygenic", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00441-00110539-00110863": "photosynthesis and so the primary source", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00442-00110864-00111088": "of the free oxygen that you're so if you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00443-00111089-00111384": "take a breath right now breathe in you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00444-00111385-00111598": "have bacteria to thank you for that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00445-00111599-00111864": "particular oxygen molecule most people", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00446-00111865-00112099": "think plants but it really is both", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00447-00112100-00112326": "cyanobacteria and algae in the oceans", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00448-00112327-00112546": "that are making most of the oxygen on", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00449-00112547-00112938": "the planet but free oxygen can't exist", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00450-00112939-00113356": "very long it's not it's so reactive that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00451-00113357-00113575": "it can't hang out for very long so there", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00452-00113576-00113983": "has to be a constant resupply of oxygen", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00453-00113983-00114345": "in the atmosphere and it is so react", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00454-00114346-00114509": "that there has to be a regular", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00455-00114510-00114843": "replenishment if photosynthesis stopped", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00456-00114844-00114996": "today if we just stopped", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00457-00114997-00115164": "you know blocked out the Sun and all", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00458-00115165-00115439": "photosynthesis stopped basically oxygen", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00459-00115440-00115602": "would be scrubbed out of our atmosphere", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00460-00115603-00115928": "in about two million years so I like to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00461-00115929-00116165": "call it the best atmospheric biomarker", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00462-00116166-00116411": "as we search now for exoplanets beyond", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00463-00116413-00116688": "Earth I would bet my house", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00464-00116689-00116858": "there's a webinar so there's proof of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00465-00116859-00117072": "this that if we found an exoplanet with", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00466-00117073-00117375": "a with the oxygen atmosphere of 10 15 20", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00467-00117376-00117614": "percent I would bet you my house that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00468-00117615-00117831": "there's a there's life generating that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00469-00117832-00118077": "oxygen but and hopefully someone will", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00470-00118078-00118272": "challenge me on that and find that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00471-00118273-00118727": "exoplanet and so cyanobacteria are that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00472-00118728-00118998": "rise in oxygen completely changed the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00473-00118999-00119295": "face of the planet so here's just the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00474-00119296-00119532": "kind of a cartoon I call it Russ and no", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00475-00119533-00119745": "rust but basically all that oxygen", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00476-00119746-00120024": "started to accumulate if you look at the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00477-00120025-00120372": "rock record prior to around 2.4 billion", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00478-00120373-00120672": "years ago there's no there's no iron", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00479-00120673-00120888": "oxide in the rocks there's no of this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00480-00120889-00121269": "critical rust but right around 2.4", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00481-00121270-00121497": "billion years ago all of a sudden you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00482-00121498-00121719": "start to see an accumulation of iron", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00483-00121720-00122015": "oxide in the rock record we call these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00484-00122016-00122353": "the the patterns this banded iron", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00485-00122354-00122653": "formation this is kind of patterns of of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00486-00122654-00122976": "iron oxide no iron oxide iron oxide it's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00487-00122977-00123345": "kind of this this layered rock where a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00488-00123346-00123710": "lot of layered rock face here and you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00489-00123711-00123941": "can get it by looking at this you can", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00490-00123942-00124200": "get and dating these rocks it all kind", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00491-00124201-00124478": "of dates back to around 2.4 billion", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00492-00124479-00124743": "years ago again Giga atoms is 1 billion", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00493-00124744-00125094": "years so something there is a clear rock", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00494-00125095-00125309": "record of the rise in oxygen right", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00495-00125310-00125558": "around this time that stromatolite sirs", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00496-00125559-00125948": "are are not only appearing but also", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00497-00125949-00126311": "taking over but there's a few other", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00498-00126313-00126474": "things that we have to think about with", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00499-00126475-00126822": "regards to the rise of oxygen so here", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00500-00126823-00126999": "again is the same little cartoon about", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00501-00127000-00127245": "the rise of oxygen and roughly here is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00502-00127246-00127511": "where you start to see carbon fixation", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00503-00127513-00127629": "and the rise of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00504-00127630-00127872": "stromatolite cyanobacteria fossils but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00505-00127873-00128103": "you don't really see the rise it takes a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00506-00128104-00128319": "few hundred million years for the for", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00507-00128320-00128561": "the accumulation of oxygen in the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00508-00128563-00128697": "atmosphere and a couple things are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00509-00128698-00129030": "happening there so what as I mentioned", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00510-00129031-00129405": "Earth probably lost a lot of its primary", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00511-00129406-00129738": "atmosphere and hydrogen that would have", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00512-00129739-00129924": "been around during the formation of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00513-00129925-00130208": "planet probably escaped to space Jupiter", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00514-00130209-00130358": "Saturn they've kept their hydrogen", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00515-00130359-00130626": "atmosphere because they're so big but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00516-00130627-00130932": "Mars Earth Venus probably it just slowly", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00517-00130933-00131229": "lost all that hydrogen to space because", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00518-00131230-00131508": "we just aren't big enough to to keep", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00519-00131509-00131883": "that hydrogen so as the planet is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00520-00131884-00132114": "degassing carbons accumulating methane", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00521-00132115-00132291": "that carbon dioxide excuse me is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00522-00132292-00132492": "accumulating and so the secondary", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00523-00132493-00132699": "atmosphere or maybe tertiary atmosphere", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00524-00132700-00133136": "it is slowly building up but as", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00525-00133137-00133500": "photosynthesis is emitting oxygen into", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00526-00133501-00133764": "the environment slowly that oxygen is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00527-00133765-00133983": "oxidizing all the rocks that we just saw", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00528-00133984-00134166": "in those banded iron formations and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00529-00134167-00134304": "basically the whole planet so you can", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00530-00134305-00134424": "think of the whole planet is like a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00531-00134425-00134754": "sponge soaking up all that oxygen but at", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00532-00134755-00134973": "some point you're going to saturate your", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00533-00134974-00135210": "sponge and it's going to start", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00534-00135211-00135452": "overflowing and so that oxygen", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00535-00135453-00135708": "eventually after it has oxidized the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00536-00135709-00136014": "cross the mantle that sink or the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00537-00136015-00136248": "oxidation of the planet starts to slow", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00538-00136249-00136587": "down and that probably took maybe even a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00539-00136588-00136842": "billion years for that process where the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00540-00136843-00137178": "sources of oxygen out were larger than", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00541-00137179-00137448": "the sinks and eventually you start to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00542-00137449-00137765": "accumulate oxygen into the atmosphere", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00543-00137766-00138042": "and we have a lot of evidence too about", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00544-00138043-00138294": "the timing of all of this again we have", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00545-00138295-00138489": "the banded iron formations that tell us", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00546-00138490-00138699": "that something really dramatic happened", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00547-00138700-00138897": "to the rock record around 2.4 billion", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00548-00138898-00139191": "years ago and we do have biomarkers", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00549-00139192-00139392": "these are residuals from micro fossils", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00550-00139393-00139581": "those cyanobacteria and micro fossils", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00551-00139582-00139698": "that I showed you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00552-00139699-00139932": "sometimes the cells degrade but a lot of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00553-00139933-00140217": "times the molecules survive much longer", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00554-00140218-00140574": "than an actual cell membrane so we have", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00555-00140575-00140841": "biomarkers and these fossils suggesting", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00556-00140842-00140991": "that photosynthesis", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00557-00140992-00141204": "probably happened a lot earlier than", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00558-00141205-00141534": "this change at around two and a half", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00559-00141535-00141828": "billion years ago so we have bio and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00560-00141829-00142041": "biomarkers that go back to point seven", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00561-00142042-00142206": "billion years and we have things like", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00562-00142207-00142389": "hope and weights these are molecules", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00563-00142390-00142620": "only made by photo to photo synthetic", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00564-00142621-00142890": "cyanobacteria and we think that this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00565-00142891-00143268": "rise in oxygen enables didn't it didn't", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00566-00143269-00143454": "coincide with the origin of animals but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00567-00143455-00143673": "definitely it facilitated the rise of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00568-00143674-00143982": "animals and definitely facilitated the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00569-00143983-00144237": "rise of a whole diverse array of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00570-00144238-00144575": "eukaryotes and plans and so forth and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00571-00144576-00144795": "diversity of animals I should say rather", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00572-00144796-00145077": "than the origin of animals and we have", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00573-00145078-00145242": "things like sterian markers you know -", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00574-00145243-00145437": "just to kind of get a lot of these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00575-00145438-00145689": "timing of when eukaryotes started to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00576-00145690-00145977": "appear all coinciding with again these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00577-00145978-00146433": "increases in oxygen abundance so but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00578-00146434-00146661": "that would have caused a you know this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00579-00146662-00146850": "rise in oxygen around two and a half", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00580-00146851-00147030": "billion years ago would have been a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00581-00147031-00147510": "crisis for life there's a term coined by", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00582-00147511-00147780": "Carl Sagan called the oxygen Holocaust", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00583-00147781-00148035": "and that would have been because oxygen", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00584-00148036-00148251": "is so reactive it can interact with", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00585-00148252-00148662": "organic molecules it can break different", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00586-00148663-00148842": "kinds of bonds and you it would have", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00587-00148843-00149097": "just started to oxidize different", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00588-00149098-00149382": "molecules and so it would have been a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00589-00149383-00149679": "major pollution event so the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00590-00149680-00149832": "cyanobacteria living in these little", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00591-00149833-00150138": "stromatolites really caused the first", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00592-00150139-00150393": "major pollution event on the planet and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00593-00150394-00150633": "many species anaerobic species probably", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00594-00150634-00150900": "went extinct and they survived by either", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00595-00150901-00151116": "going deep into sediments or deep into", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00596-00151117-00151398": "the oceans and so stromatolite through", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00597-00151399-00151643": "their process through this the rise of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00598-00151644-00151818": "photosynthesis and the rise of oxygen", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00599-00151819-00152187": "have really impacted the the face of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00600-00152188-00152421": "planet and the evolution of life on", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00601-00152422-00152691": "Earth because of this metabolism of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00602-00152692-00152928": "photosynthesis now there are plenty", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00603-00152929-00153201": "other metabolisms in instrumental lights", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00604-00153202-00153429": "that are necessary to help form them and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00605-00153430-00153537": "we'll talk a little bit about those", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00606-00153538-00153894": "later so let's talk about stromatolite", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00607-00153895-00154206": "formation and again to me to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00608-00154207-00154337": "understanding the past", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00609-00154338-00154553": "we need to study living examples of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00610-00154554-00154794": "stromatolites the microbes might be well", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00611-00154795-00154982": "somewhat different from the ancient ones", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00612-00154983-00155189": "their genomes might be rearranged but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00613-00155190-00155450": "but a lot of the metabolism still exists", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00614-00155451-00155732": "that had were around for the past 3", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00615-00155733-00155966": "billion years and so here's just a few", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00616-00155967-00156146": "pictures of some of the surrounding", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00617-00156147-00156362": "lights I work on in the living examples", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00618-00156363-00156497": "and again you can see some of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00619-00156498-00156872": "ancient structures from the past so this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00620-00156873-00157064": "living stromatolites that are found", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00621-00157065-00157412": "there this graph is is just showing you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00622-00157413-00157709": "a few of the locations around the planet", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00623-00157710-00157949": "where they still form I work on two", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00624-00157950-00158225": "locations I work in the Bahamas and in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00625-00158226-00158394": "Shark Bay these are two of the best", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00626-00158395-00158645": "examples of the laminated apple layered", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00627-00158646-00158900": "stromatolites there are many other types", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00628-00158901-00159253": "of what we call microbialites those are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00629-00159254-00159896": "precipitation and pause when groups but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00630-00159897-00160076": "they might have that see in the fossil", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00631-00160077-00160349": "record so I'm just gonna talk a little", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00632-00160350-00160472": "bit about some of the work that I've", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00633-00160473-00160757": "done from these two environments and the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00634-00160758-00160988": "sharp Bay location in Western Australia", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00635-00160989-00161174": "was what was discovered in the 1950s", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00636-00161175-00161321": "there was a long time where people", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00637-00161322-00161495": "thought stromatolites were extinct and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00638-00161496-00161714": "it really was until the 1950s when full", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00639-00161715-00161873": "player did the Playford and some of his", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00640-00161874-00162188": "colleagues discovered them and in 1991", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00641-00162189-00162398": "it became a World Heritage Site in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00642-00162399-00162611": "Western Australia and then there's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00643-00162612-00162782": "another location that's pretty and more", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00644-00162783-00162941": "accessible for us here in the United", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00645-00162942-00163166": "States to go visit in the Exuma of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00646-00163167-00163406": "Bahamas where they were - more recently", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00647-00163407-00163751": "discovered in the 1980s but also a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00648-00163752-00163898": "little bit about some of the work I've", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00649-00163899-00164116": "done in Shark Bay Western Australia", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00650-00164117-00164315": "specifically the part of shark bay", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00651-00164316-00164609": "called Hamlin pool and these this is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00652-00164610-00164834": "there are millions and millions of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00653-00164835-00165083": "living stromatolites today over 120 that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00654-00165084-00165347": "we can we guesstimate and it's really", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00655-00165348-00165679": "the current the planet's most extensive", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00656-00165680-00165920": "spectacular living stromatolite system", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00657-00165921-00166262": "and they're just so many of them and you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00658-00166263-00166478": "can visit them if you ever make it out", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00659-00166479-00166700": "to Western Australia and you can go take", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00660-00166701-00167006": "a look at these for yourself living ones", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00661-00167007-00167327": "so unfortunately in today's world", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00662-00167328-00167582": "stromatolites typically live in more", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00663-00167583-00167718": "extreme environments", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00664-00167719-00168030": "that we think is mainly because of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00665-00168031-00168240": "activities of eukaryotes these are tasty", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00666-00168241-00168447": "morsels that fish and other organisms", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00667-00168448-00168783": "like to eat and so that for for a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00668-00168784-00169035": "stromatolite ecosystem to really thrive", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00669-00169036-00169227": "they tend to be in very extreme", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00670-00169228-00169521": "environments and Shark Bay is an extreme", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00671-00169522-00169749": "environment it's very hot there it's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00672-00169750-00169932": "very sunny sometimes these stromatolites", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00673-00169933-00170136": "are spending half their day out of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00674-00170137-00170331": "water so they have to deal with UV", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00675-00170332-00170781": "stress desiccation high salinity shark", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00676-00170782-00171012": "Bay's roughly anywhere from two to three", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00677-00171013-00171273": "or hamelin pool I should say is roughly", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00678-00171274-00171561": "two to three times the salinity and for", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00679-00171562-00171792": "us working in that environment there can", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00680-00171793-00172026": "also be too many snakes it's an extreme", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00681-00172027-00172263": "environment for us too because there's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00682-00172264-00172458": "the dreaded sea snake here that it bites", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00683-00172459-00172608": "you you're dead because there's only", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00684-00172609-00172809": "like one dose of anti-venom in the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00685-00172810-00173010": "entire state of Western Australia so", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00686-00173011-00173196": "it's an extreme environment for all", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00687-00173197-00173505": "participants but how do we go about", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00688-00173506-00173745": "taking this commish of microbes how do", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00689-00173746-00173997": "they organize themselves and how do they", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00690-00173998-00174261": "actually form these amazing interesting", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00691-00174262-00174582": "intricate structures and for me to do", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00692-00174583-00174816": "that this is what I work on is I want to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00693-00174817-00175110": "know about the microbiome of listen of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00694-00175111-00175365": "these communities and also what's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00695-00175366-00175572": "happening in their environment again", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00696-00175573-00175899": "this give-and-take between life and the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00697-00175900-00176085": "environment so how do I go about", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00698-00176086-00176376": "studying these stromatolites well first", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00699-00176377-00176604": "when it comes to the environment we have", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00700-00176605-00176817": "set up data loggers we've gotten", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00701-00176818-00176925": "permission from the Australian", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00702-00176926-00177081": "government and we've set up data loggers", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00703-00177082-00177299": "that have been going nonstop since about", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00704-00177300-00177645": "2012 and we're constantly measuring", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00705-00177646-00177888": "changes in temperature salinity and the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00706-00177889-00178101": "wave energy that's happening the water", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00707-00178102-00178320": "flow energy all throughout at all these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00708-00178321-00178524": "different locations in the pool and we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00709-00178525-00178926": "kind of just snuba here and put stakes", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00710-00178927-00179103": "into the ground and then we can just", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00711-00179104-00179346": "have these data loggers that we go", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00712-00179347-00179628": "periodically check on them and so we're", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00713-00179629-00179790": "have always have a constant source of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00714-00179791-00179978": "what's happening in to the environment", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00715-00179979-00180222": "another more recent activity that we've", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00716-00180223-00180428": "been doing is we've been working with", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00717-00180429-00180804": "faith to write at nasa ames using drones", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00718-00180805-00180993": "to start making more", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00719-00180994-00181296": "highly detailed maps of the stromatolite", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00720-00181297-00181644": "the floor of Hamelin pool and trying to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00721-00181645-00181925": "get it understand standing of what type", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00722-00181926-00182208": "of stromatolites are aware and how", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00723-00182209-00182499": "abundant they are and these maps can", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00724-00182500-00182685": "really be important guides to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00725-00182686-00182844": "understanding where do we want to go and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00726-00182845-00183132": "explore and help us put together some of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00727-00183133-00183585": "these ideas of the morphology of some of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00728-00183586-00183699": "these stromatolites and how the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00729-00183700-00183885": "environment might be changing that and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00730-00183886-00184074": "your own technology is a wonderful", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00731-00184075-00184325": "technology that I assume we will", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00732-00184326-00184536": "definitely be using to explore other", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00733-00184537-00184797": "worlds they might not be stromatolite on", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00734-00184798-00184940": "Titan but I'm sure the drone", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00735-00184941-00185133": "technologies will help explore some of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00736-00185134-00185450": "the many methane or ethane lakes on the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00737-00185451-00185711": "surface and other potential areas on", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00738-00185712-00186164": "other worlds so but I primarily focus", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00739-00186165-00186404": "more on the microbiome aspect the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00740-00186405-00186776": "microbiology and to me the microbiome is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00741-00186777-00187037": "not only the microbes that are present", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00742-00187038-00187272": "in these ecosystems but also the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00743-00187273-00187482": "metabolism what are they doing what is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00744-00187483-00187734": "their metabolic potential in these sites", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00745-00187735-00188061": "and also not only what microbes and what", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00746-00188062-00188279": "are their activities but how are they", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00747-00188280-00188457": "interfacing with the environment how are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00748-00188458-00188793": "they actually precipitating that those", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00749-00188794-00189048": "carbonate molecules so all three of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00750-00189049-00189203": "these I call it the three ends here are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00751-00189204-00189420": "the microbes metabolisms and minerals to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00752-00189421-00189689": "me make up the microbiome and maybe some", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00753-00189690-00189836": "of you have heard about the microbiome", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00754-00189837-00190199": "of humans and how microbes are so", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00755-00190200-00190422": "important to human health and we're", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00756-00190423-00190731": "using many of the same tools that we use", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00757-00190732-00191027": "to study the human microbiome as the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00758-00191028-00191256": "stromatolite microbiome and we call it", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00759-00191257-00191546": "omics omics technology there's you know", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00760-00191547-00191907": "metagenomics mehta transcriptomics all", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00761-00191908-00192144": "these little omics tools is our jargon", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00762-00192145-00192498": "for the molecular biologists to to study", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00763-00192499-00192737": "and look at the molecular fingerprints", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00764-00192738-00192953": "what are those microbes actually doing", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00765-00192954-00193143": "what are their genomes and what's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00766-00193144-00193340": "happening how are they communicating and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00767-00193341-00193553": "talking to each other and we can do", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00768-00193554-00193809": "metal mix for looking at the DNA the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00769-00193810-00194047": "metabolites the proteins and we can look", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00770-00194048-00194311": "holistically and all of them together to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00771-00194312-00194602": "see what are what are the patterns that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00772-00194603-00194824": "we can within all these molecular", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00773-00194825-00195133": "signals and like Lego blocks we can put", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00774-00195134-00195394": "try to reconstruct and put them together", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00775-00195395-00195631": "to understand what were the sequences of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00776-00195632-00195853": "DNA what were the different proteins", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00777-00195854-00196093": "that these are using to communicate and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00778-00196094-00196393": "form so I kind of use these molecular", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00779-00196394-00196621": "toolkits and as I mentioned it we're", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00780-00196622-00196858": "doing an approach very similar to the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00781-00196859-00197119": "human microbiome project understanding", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00782-00197120-00197328": "who's in the community what's the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00783-00197329-00197527": "microbial diversity of that community", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00784-00197528-00197809": "what is what are their activities what", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00785-00197810-00198003": "are they doing in that environment and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00786-00198004-00198286": "to do this we use what is called meta", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00787-00198287-00198465": "genomics we sequence the DNA of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00788-00198466-00198790": "everything in the entire stromatolite", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00789-00198791-00199048": "ecosystem and then we look at something", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00790-00199049-00199309": "called RNA which is ribonucleic acid and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00791-00199310-00199561": "that is actually what is being expressed", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00792-00199562-00199798": "that's what they're actually doing it", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00793-00199799-00199984": "and when they're doing it and we call", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00794-00199985-00200172": "that technique that I'll make is called", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00795-00200173-00200310": "transcriptomics", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00796-00200311-00200587": "and so we can put all of these together", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00797-00200588-00200968": "to start building a family tree or a map", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00798-00200969-00201250": "here's a really good example of what", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00799-00201251-00201433": "we're trying to do here this is an", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00800-00201434-00201628": "example of the human a map of the human", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00801-00201629-00201840": "microbiome but we're doing the same", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00802-00201841-00202033": "techniques in the same using the same", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00803-00202034-00202495": "tools for this project so for what we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00804-00202496-00202693": "actually do for the who what when and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00805-00202694-00202978": "where what we're looking at is there's a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00806-00202979-00203272": "very common molecule called of it's a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00807-00203273-00203569": "small subunit ribosomal RNA molecule", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00808-00203570-00203766": "okay what the heck is that so every", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00809-00203767-00204151": "organism on the planet makes well with", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00810-00204152-00204325": "the exception of viruses but every", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00811-00204326-00204579": "bacterium every eukaryotic cell every", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00812-00204580-00205011": "Archaean all have ribosomes and these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00813-00205012-00205258": "are the protein powerhouses of a cell", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00814-00205259-00205563": "and there's a small little piece of RNA", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00815-00205564-00205836": "molecule that is the backbone of your", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00816-00205837-00206139": "ribosome and it's it's essential it is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00817-00206140-00206428": "absolutely critical to to an order for", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00818-00206429-00206653": "cell to make proteins is to have this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00819-00206654-00206896": "our RNA molecule and so it's very", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00820-00206896-00207196": "conserved and we can use that molecule", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00821-00207196-00207415": "to make family trees of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00822-00207416-00207578": "the microbes living in that so we can", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00823-00207579-00207829": "look at the relationships of who is in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00824-00207830-00208127": "the community and then we do a step", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00825-00208128-00208312": "further not just looking at one gene but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00826-00208313-00208498": "we look at all the genes and we're now", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00827-00208500-00208678": "getting it's so cheap to sequence a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00828-00208679-00208939": "genome I can sequence a bacterial genome", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00829-00208940-00209252": "in about two hours in my lab now and we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00830-00209253-00209416": "can now start to sequence all the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00831-00209417-00209603": "microbes within these communities and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00832-00209604-00209755": "see how they're changing to their", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00833-00209756-00209891": "environment how they're changing their", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00834-00209892-00210125": "chemistry and then we can take a step", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00835-00210126-00210323": "further and start sequencing the RNA of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00836-00210323-00210631": "the molecules to see okay they have all", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00837-00210632-00210803": "these potential genes how are they", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00838-00210804-00211081": "actually using them and so the big", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00839-00211082-00211273": "take-home messages of all these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00840-00211275-00211562": "molecular tools is our three messages", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00841-00211563-00211804": "that I'm going to finish with for this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00842-00211805-00212087": "talk first is that microbes make", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00843-00212088-00212339": "protective molecules and and we'll talk", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00844-00212340-00212503": "a little bit about what those molecules", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00845-00212504-00212680": "are and why that's so important for", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00846-00212681-00212912": "stromatolite formation then we'll talk a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00847-00212913-00213148": "little bit about how microbes are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00848-00213150-00213442": "they're never found or they rarely found", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00849-00213444-00213706": "alone in nature and so we'll talk about", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00850-00213707-00213931": "how those community structures are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00851-00213932-00214178": "essential for stromatolite formation and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00852-00214179-00214442": "the other big thing what you know it's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00853-00214442-00214628": "not just photosynthesis there's other", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00854-00214629-00214858": "metabolisms and the waste of one's food", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00855-00214859-00215032": "for the other and we can learn a lot", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00856-00215033-00215327": "about these kinds of lessons that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00857-00215328-00215612": "applies to ecology all across the board", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00858-00215613-00215798": "not just stromatolite so these are the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00859-00215798-00216028": "three that my molecular toolkit these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00860-00216029-00216194": "are the three messages that I'm going to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00861-00216194-00216503": "follow up on and finish with so", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00862-00216504-00216796": "microbial microbes in these mats they're", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00863-00216798-00217003": "making protective molecules that's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00864-00217004-00217180": "protecting them from the UV radiation", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00865-00217181-00217432": "that's serving as the glue that's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00866-00217433-00217684": "holding these stromatolites together so", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00867-00217685-00217855": "here are just some sand grains I had in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00868-00217856-00218035": "the lab and then I added some microbes", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00869-00218036-00218348": "from stromatolite and in a month they", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00870-00218348-00218719": "start to fuse all of those sand grains", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00871-00218721-00219038": "together and we call that those from", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00872-00219039-00219280": "that material that matrix eggs or", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00873-00219281-00219527": "polymeric substances it's the glue", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00874-00219528-00220115": "that's basically keeping those microbes", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00875-00220116-00220364": "together in that environment but hang on", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00876-00220365-00220514": "if you've got a way of coming and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00877-00220515-00220691": "crashing on top of you and potentially", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00878-00220692-00220760": "the tide", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00879-00220761-00220961": "taking you out if you don't hang on to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00880-00220962-00221117": "your environment you are lost from that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00881-00221117-00221327": "ecosystem so it is so incredibly", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00882-00221328-00221564": "important for you to hang on stay in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00883-00221565-00221711": "your community stay in your stromatolite", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00884-00221712-00221998": "and and create these these matrices", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00885-00222000-00222281": "these biofilms in order for you to to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00886-00222282-00222496": "hang on into the stromatolite and they", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00887-00222498-00222752": "also serve as food it is sugar and so", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00888-00222753-00223019": "again the food of one is the waste of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00889-00223019-00223187": "another product these guys are making", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00890-00223188-00223385": "these sugars and helping feed their", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00891-00223386-00223642": "their their neighbors and in return", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00892-00223644-00223769": "their neighbors are making molecules", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00893-00223769-00223931": "that they can use for their own", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00894-00223932-00224312": "metabolisms so again these protective", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00895-00224313-00224459": "molecules how they function in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00896-00224460-00224678": "stromatolite formation is so you have", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00897-00224679-00224867": "all this gooey material the sugar", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00898-00224867-00225217": "material and it is literally that all", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00899-00225219-00225371": "the green here in this little picture", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00900-00225371-00225734": "here is that glue is that EPS that sugar", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00901-00225735-00225956": "material and the microbes are the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00902-00225957-00226146": "cyanobacteria in this case here's a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00903-00226148-00226436": "light microscope image and here's a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00904-00226437-00226669": "confocal image they're trapping and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00905-00226671-00226931": "binding they're adhering to these sand", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00906-00226932-00227237": "grains and producing all this EPS", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00907-00227238-00227521": "material and this EPS material is sugar", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00908-00227523-00227801": "is actually the nucleus of where the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00909-00227802-00227992": "mineralization happens so it's happening", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00910-00227994-00228302": "outside the cell and here's just a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00911-00228303-00228500": "picture this is what we call a thin", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00912-00228501-00228728": "section of the stromatolite and here's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00913-00228729-00228908": "one of those layers being actively", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00914-00228909-00229235": "formed of how they're the carbon the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00915-00229236-00229433": "calcium carbonate is starting to form", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00916-00229434-00229736": "and here's just kind of a little image", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00917-00229737-00230021": "here taken from this cross section of a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00918-00230021-00230207": "stromatolite and wherever you see these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00919-00230208-00230309": "blue lines", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00920-00230310-00230684": "that's a layer that was formed inside", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00921-00230685-00230975": "that EPS material and then again that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00922-00230976-00231265": "little eyes and hardens and the microbes", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00923-00231266-00231567": "living in here they just move ever ever", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00924-00231569-00231914": "closer to the Sun and so again that's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00925-00231915-00232166": "how we form these lamination and again", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00926-00232167-00232481": "each layer used to be a form of surface", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00927-00232482-00232787": "mat where that trapping and binding and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00928-00232788-00233171": "all that EPS material is happy so again", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00929-00233171-00233330": "it takes a community we just talked", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00930-00233331-00233606": "about that 16s rRNA gene how it's found", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00931-00233607-00233930": "in all organisms in bacteria and archaea", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00932-00233931-00234194": "they have what's called the 16s RNA", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00933-00234194-00234428": "eukaryotes we have what's called an ATS", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00934-00234429-00234641": "so we all have to have this essential", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00935-00234642-00234941": "ribosomal RNA molecule and we can", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00936-00234942-00235229": "construct trees family trees from that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00937-00235230-00235478": "information so this is a huge advantage", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00938-00235479-00235805": "because every living microbe or cell has", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00939-00235806-00235973": "this on the planets and we can", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00940-00235973-00236330": "reconstruct trees but if we just work", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00941-00236331-00236513": "with the DNA we don't know what's active", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00942-00236514-00236714": "because the DNA is a genetic blueprint", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00943-00236715-00236948": "it's the architecture for the whole cell", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00944-00236948-00237140": "but it doesn't tell you what's being", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00945-00237141-00237371": "expressed or what's being turned on at", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00946-00237371-00237584": "any given moment so that's why we also", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00947-00237585-00237764": "like to work with the RNA and that is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00948-00237765-00237994": "like taking a snapshot a photograph of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00949-00237996-00238238": "the activity of what the seller might", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00950-00238239-00238655": "actually be doing in the cell and so we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00951-00238656-00238919": "can sequence those those express genes", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00952-00238919-00239135": "just it can be the 16s or it could be", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00953-00239136-00239333": "other genes as well and then you're able", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00954-00239334-00239585": "to actually see what what microbes are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00955-00239586-00239864": "metabolizing what are they actually what", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00956-00239865-00240008": "we call transcribe what are they", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00957-00240009-00240396": "actually making and so when we do that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00958-00240398-00240667": "I'm not going to go too heavy in the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00959-00240669-00240944": "data but what what you see here is it's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00960-00240944-00241171": "not just one cyanobacteria or two", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00961-00241173-00241481": "cyanobacteria it is a very diverse", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00962-00241482-00241721": "community of cyanobacteria and other", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00963-00241721-00241916": "microbes present within these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00964-00241917-00242159": "communities and we can create spatial", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00965-00242160-00242378": "profiles we can we can use our molecular", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00966-00242379-00242617": "tools and and with a scalpel kind of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00967-00242619-00242942": "literally reconstruct the microbial", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00968-00242942-00243160": "organization the spatial organization", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00969-00243161-00243425": "happening within these microbial mats", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00970-00243426-00243713": "and look even further of who might be", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00971-00243714-00243902": "the most important cyanobacteria in that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00972-00243903-00244106": "community who's metabolizing the most in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00973-00244107-00244334": "this case it's it's a relative of this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00974-00244335-00244511": "guy called Seneca caucus because these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00975-00244512-00244721": "are circles have to do with relative", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00976-00244721-00245036": "abundance but what I wanted to show you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00977-00245037-00245267": "is that we can use these toolkits to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00978-00245267-00245558": "look at the activity of the different", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00979-00245559-00245755": "microbes within the stromatolite and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00980-00245756-00246080": "reconstruct their metabolisms over time", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00981-00246081-00246448": "and when we do that basically what we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00982-00246450-00246721": "can do is reconstruct yes photosynthesis", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00983-00246723-00246967": "is a major metabolism but it also takes", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00984-00246969-00247237": "other metabolisms like nitrogen fixation", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00985-00247238-00247522": "in oxygen occluded synthesis", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00986-00247523-00247828": "sulfate reduction denitrification all of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00987-00247829-00248056": "these different metabolisms happen and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00988-00248057-00248315": "by looking at when they're expressed we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00989-00248316-00248473": "can see whether they're happening during", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00990-00248474-00248677": "the day or when they're happening at", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00991-00248678-00248929": "night and some of these metabolisms like", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00992-00248930-00249194": "photosynthesis help increase the pH and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00993-00249194-00249437": "that helps promote carbonate", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00994-00249438-00249614": "precipitation therefore promoting", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00995-00249615-00249887": "stromatolite formation whereas some", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00996-00249888-00250135": "metabolisms are actually being enriched", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00997-00250136-00250426": "at night and some metabolisms if the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00998-00250427-00250637": "arrow is pointing this direction that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-00999-00250638-00250945": "decreases the pH so there's a constant", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01000-00250946-00251098": "pendulum that's happening in these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01001-00251099-00251326": "environments going oscillating between", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01002-00251327-00251724": "high pH and low pH and it's the net", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01003-00251725-00251939": "productivity of these communities that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01004-00251940-00252212": "determines whether or not you you get", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01005-00252213-00252460": "precipitation or not not all like I said", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01006-00252461-00252665": "microbial mats make stromatolite so it", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01007-00252666-00252955": "has to be a part of the environment is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01008-00252956-00253201": "having a very big part so let's put all", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01009-00253202-00253463": "of these ideas together again", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01010-00253464-00253664": "stromatolites are so important to help", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01011-00253665-00253870": "us understand how life and the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01012-00253871-00254141": "environment coevals how does all of this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01013-00254142-00254312": "microbiome and how does all this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01014-00254313-00254548": "environmental all our data loggers and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01015-00254549-00254773": "all environmental conditions how do they", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01016-00254774-00255052": "fit together and so all of these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01017-00255053-00255287": "environmental conditions are feedbacking", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01018-00255288-00255595": "with the microbes in the community what", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01019-00255596-00255856": "does community composition mean for the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01020-00255857-00256060": "environment what does the metabolisms", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01021-00256061-00256319": "mean they're creating micro environments", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01022-00256319-00256471": "and they're changing the environment", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01023-00256472-00256814": "which then might impact how many", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01024-00256815-00257012": "microbes could actually colonize on the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01025-00257013-00257284": "surface and for mineral productions so", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01026-00257285-00257617": "all of this give and take the microbial", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01027-00257619-00257797": "light the environment is maybe creating", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01028-00257798-00258058": "substrate that mineral structures can", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01029-00258059-00258370": "can attach to and all of this give and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01030-00258371-00258622": "take affects the net production of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01031-00258623-00258838": "weather stromatolite forms or", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01032-00258839-00259117": "disassociate and so together this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01033-00259119-00259367": "production of stromatolites we call that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01034-00259367-00259606": "the alkalinity engines metabolisms that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01035-00259607-00259879": "are driving precipitation and what that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01036-00259880-00260098": "organic matrix is so incredibly", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01037-00260099-00260233": "important that glue that's holding", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01038-00260234-00260395": "everything together because back and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01039-00260396-00260650": "facilitate where the mineralization", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01040-00260651-00260738": "actually", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01041-00260739-00261062": "happens so that's I've given you a lot", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01042-00261063-00261256": "of information about the big picture of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01043-00261257-00261440": "how stromatolites form but it's really", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01044-00261441-00261638": "this give-and-take between the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01045-00261639-00261925": "environment constantly going back and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01046-00261926-00262142": "forth with life and stromatolites have", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01047-00262142-00262453": "been around for as we've seen hundreds", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01048-00262454-00262684": "of millions of years they have seen 400", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01049-00262685-00262865": "parts per thousand co2 they have seen", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01050-00262866-00263176": "10,000 parts per thousand pco2 so by", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01051-00263177-00263468": "understanding how they react to these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01052-00263469-00263699": "different environmental conditions will", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01053-00263700-00263963": "be a very important insight into how", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01054-00263964-00264140": "maybe other ecosystems or other other", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01055-00264141-00264368": "microbial ecosystems are going to adapt", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01056-00264369-00264644": "to an ever-changing atmosphere and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01057-00264645-00264992": "ever-changing earth and there's always", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01058-00264993-00265145": "speculation that there might be more", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01059-00265146-00265319": "stromatolite sout there I don't know if", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01060-00265320-00265651": "they're ever you know Europa Titan and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01061-00265652-00265933": "cell it is probably too far away for a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01062-00265934-00266281": "photosynthetic driven system but I have", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01063-00266282-00266527": "seen microbes living in caves as with as", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01064-00266528-00266782": "low as with just hints of a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01065-00266783-00266980": "photosynthetic energy making their", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01066-00266981-00267167": "living through photosynthesis so I don't", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01067-00267168-00267449": "cross anything off but there have been", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01068-00267450-00267665": "some people who have hypothesized this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01069-00267666-00267907": "is really just a hypothesis now that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01070-00267908-00268091": "maybe some of the structures that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01071-00268092-00268375": "finding on Mars that column microbial", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01072-00268376-00268609": "induce sedimentary structures on earth", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01073-00268610-00268820": "anyway maybe these could be more", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01074-00268821-00269053": "morphologies that serve as a remote bio", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01075-00269054-00269335": "signature and maybe some some of the the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01076-00269336-00269500": "images that people have seen on Mars", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01077-00269501-00269744": "could be stromatolite like or microbial", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01078-00269745-00270113": "ate like but this is I would not go out", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01079-00270114-00270341": "on a limb and say these are fossils from", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01080-00270342-00270583": "metal eggs but I definitely think that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01081-00270584-00270824": "the exploration of Mars is probably one", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01082-00270825-00271129": "of the best places to look elsewhere for", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01083-00271130-00271477": "stromatolite like morphologies because", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01084-00271478-00271750": "Mars and Earth had very similar origin", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01085-00271751-00272045": "stories so maybe someday Mars Curiosity", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01086-00272046-00272224": "rover some of the other Mars 2020", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01087-00272225-00272423": "missions might bring back some more", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01088-00272424-00272669": "smoking gun images to suggest these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01089-00272670-00272939": "might actually be stromatolite like", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01090-00272940-00273250": "fossils but I just want to thank a lot", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01091-00273251-00273556": "of people this is my my collaborator Pam", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01092-00273557-00273716": "reading University of Miami whose helps", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01093-00273717-00273863": "me with a lot with the geology and of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01094-00273864-00274019": "course all my graduate students that do", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01095-00274020-00274074": "a lot of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01096-00274075-00274416": "microbiology work and NASA for for", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01097-00274417-00274653": "supporting me for a lot of this research", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01098-00274654-00274935": "so I'm going to open it up for questions", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01099-00274936-00275196": "and thank you so much for your attention", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01100-00275197-00275475": "and hanging in there throughout all this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01101-00275476-00275862": "molecular stuff all right well this is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01102-00275863-00276164": "really fascinating it really truly is an", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01103-00276165-00276422": "integrated science you have all kinds of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01104-00276423-00276755": "different things there's geology there's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01105-00276756-00277178": "atmospheric science there's biology", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01106-00277179-00277377": "chemistry you know a little bit of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01107-00277378-00277824": "everything", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01108-00277825-00278034": "but it's the epitome it's the poster", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01109-00278035-00278319": "child for me for astrobiology because it", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01110-00278320-00278627": "is so integrative and and inherently", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01111-00278628-00278907": "multi-discipline that any I think we're", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01112-00278908-00279219": "all astrobiologists in some way but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01113-00279220-00279447": "definitely if you were constantly yeah", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01114-00279448-00279639": "well we've got a number of good", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01115-00279640-00279885": "questions here and and so I apologize", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01116-00279886-00280056": "we're not going to be able to get to all", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01117-00280057-00280128": "of them", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01118-00280129-00280317": "in all likelihood but we'll see if we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01119-00280318-00281015": "can combine some of them if anyone", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01120-00281016-00281277": "doesn't get their question answered feel", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01121-00281278-00281675": "free to email me okay great actually no", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01122-00281676-00282129": "that's fantastic so let me start out up", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01123-00282130-00282420": "here at the almost the bottom so Barry", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01124-00282421-00282687": "asks are there more or fewer", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01125-00282688-00282989": "stromatolite s-- today than in the past", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01126-00282990-00283368": "definitely fewer from the fossil record", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01127-00283369-00283691": "of what we see and where we see them", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01128-00283692-00283941": "basically during that Precambrian that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01129-00283942-00284184": "really long period of time around five", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01130-00284185-00284391": "you know from the form formation of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01131-00284392-00284700": "earliest life to about 500 million years", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01132-00284701-00284949": "ago stromatolites were probably adopt", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01133-00284950-00285192": "the dominant type of ecosystem on the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01134-00285193-00285528": "planet so they probably were much much", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01135-00285529-00285990": "more about it than we have today so Jay", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01136-00285991-00286185": "yes and this is an interesting question", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01137-00286186-00286358": "you eluded that there were kind of these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01138-00286359-00286800": "small layers and using tree rings we can", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01139-00286801-00286953": "get an idea of changes in the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01140-00286954-00287226": "environment over time without knowing", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01141-00287227-00287454": "what the time span is involved with this", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01142-00287455-00287796": "can you get an idea of changes over I", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01143-00287797-00288045": "guess them life with individuals to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01144-00288046-00288378": "Madeline yes you could go in and look at", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01145-00288379-00288662": "the you might not be able to get", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01146-00288663-00288873": "cellular fossils but you could probably", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01147-00288874-00289143": "you can definitely get bio bio chemical", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01148-00289144-00289398": "fossils going through and seeing what", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01149-00289399-00289746": "maybe the environment was like on how", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01150-00289747-00290043": "when and how these minerals precipitated", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01151-00290044-00290277": "you can also get information I didn't", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01152-00290278-00290472": "talk about this at all but using what's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01153-00290473-00290838": "called isotopes stable isotopes um life", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01154-00290839-00291234": "tends to prefer carbon-12 over carbon 13", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01155-00291235-00291429": "there's an extra Neutron Neutron and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01156-00291430-00291624": "some carbon molecules and that ratio", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01157-00291625-00291933": "between carb behavior carbon in the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01158-00291934-00292230": "lighter carbon gives you a big hint on", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01159-00292231-00292575": "the metabolism photosynthesis isn't too", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01160-00292576-00292932": "particular it will tends to use more of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01161-00292933-00293175": "the carbon 13 so those ratios can look", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01162-00293176-00293346": "different from something that group had", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01163-00293347-00293616": "a heterotrophic li or more or using", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01164-00293617-00293946": "chemical energy rather than carbon", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01165-00293947-00294312": "dioxide so so you can get and use use", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01166-00294313-00294549": "isotopes to end and within those carbon", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01167-00294550-00294747": "molecules within those organic molecules", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01168-00294748-00295026": "to help guide you with what metabolism", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01169-00295027-00295266": "might have helps create or we even maybe", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01170-00295267-00295527": "what even sugar was the present by what", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01171-00295528-00295752": "microbe in those communities so you can", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01172-00295753-00296097": "really reconstruct the past within these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01173-00296098-00296433": "layers so Gordon asked an interesting", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01174-00296434-00296682": "question and it kind of maybe speaks to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01175-00296683-00296934": "the fact that these two metal eggs have", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01176-00296935-00297243": "seen all kinds of concentrations of co2", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01177-00297244-00297450": "and so he wonders if the increasing", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01178-00297451-00297878": "concentration of co2 somehow is helping", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01179-00297879-00298292": "maybe increase stromatolite formation", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01180-00298293-00298610": "well in some ways he might be right", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01181-00298611-00298998": "because there's what's called a molecule", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01182-00298999-00299250": "called Rubisco and Rubisco is found in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01183-00299251-00299459": "all sorts of plants and they actually", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01184-00299460-00299735": "have their peak activity roughly around", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01185-00299736-00300237": "1200 cart co2 parts per million so for a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01186-00300238-00300489": "it is conceivable that this might", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01187-00300490-00300765": "actually help them produce more and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01188-00300766-00301017": "increase their photosynthetic rates but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01189-00301018-00301259": "after 1200 it kind of seems to flatten", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01190-00301260-00301551": "out and there's no real added value of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01191-00301552-00301968": "more co2 for these ecosystems but like I", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01192-00301969-00302121": "said they've been around they've seen it", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01193-00302122-00302316": "all and I would be really interesting", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01194-00302317-00302463": "one of the projects that I've also been", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01195-00302464-00302622": "working on is how do you break a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01196-00302623-00302901": "stromatolite can you actually change the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01197-00302902-00303228": "pH or change the environment to to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01198-00303229-00303480": "inhibit this precipitation and so that's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01199-00303481-00303681": "an Avenue I've been kind of looking at", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01200-00303682-00303935": "as well so that's an interesting", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01201-00303936-00304206": "question about you know you know maybe", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01202-00304207-00304435": "you meant it in a in a different way but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01203-00304436-00304767": "it kind of made me think Stan asked the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01204-00304768-00304959": "question here what do sir Madeline's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01205-00304960-00305187": "feel like they look kind of like rocks", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01206-00305188-00305322": "but they're kind of like look like", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01207-00305323-00305604": "mushrooms are he's soft you know you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01208-00305605-00305853": "said that they're difficult to break and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01209-00305854-00306024": "maybe you meant that in a different way", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01210-00306025-00306234": "oh I meant breaking in history of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01211-00306235-00306509": "disrupt the process oh you stopped", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01212-00306510-00306723": "stromatolite formation that's what I", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01213-00306724-00306918": "meant but to get to that question is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01214-00306919-00307281": "they are and in fact in some of these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01215-00307282-00307437": "protected sites we have to protect", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01216-00307438-00307713": "people from standing on them and because", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01217-00307714-00308084": "we they are you know these relics of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01218-00308085-00308283": "past so to speak but no they're pretty", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01219-00308284-00308664": "tough you can you the softer part is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01220-00308665-00308892": "just that top or up layer maybe it's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01221-00308893-00309078": "only a centimeter long and underneath", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01222-00309079-00309180": "it's really hard", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01223-00309181-00309369": "limestone essentially it's just", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01224-00309370-00309783": "limestone rocks and made by back by", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01225-00309784-00310031": "bacteria so you can they're pretty tough", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01226-00310032-00310347": "they've had to be to survive so many", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01227-00310348-00310629": "billions of years and so I guess that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01228-00310630-00310878": "brings up David I saw are these are the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01229-00310879-00311192": "pools in Australia are they monitored by", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01230-00311193-00311337": "scientists", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01231-00311338-00311534": "continuous monitoring to make sure that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01232-00311535-00311838": "people are potentially damaging them how", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01233-00311839-00312024": "often the scientists visit them there's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01234-00312025-00312420": "a continuously or seasonally well we're", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01235-00312421-00312663": "trying to do a continuous monitoring", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01236-00312664-00312809": "we've gotten permission from the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01237-00312810-00312990": "Australian government to put out our", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01238-00312991-00313161": "data loggers and we're working with an", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01239-00313162-00313358": "organization called the Bush heritage", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01240-00313359-00313656": "organization in Australia is Bush", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01241-00313657-00313953": "heritage owns a wide range it's kind of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01242-00313954-00314037": "like the nature", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01243-00314038-00314300": "Conservancy for here in the US and we're", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01244-00314301-00314552": "working with them because they own the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01245-00314553-00314772": "what's the station is called Hamlin", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01246-00314773-00314997": "station and it's we're hoping to build a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01247-00314998-00315195": "little research station to work there", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01248-00315196-00315533": "but there's a wide range of Australian", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01249-00315534-00315776": "researchers that work there so there's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01250-00315777-00315945": "quite a few different groups there's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01251-00315946-00316116": "researchers from Woods Hole University", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01252-00316117-00316293": "Connecticut other people who are working", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01253-00316294-00316625": "on these ecosystems and we want so for a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01254-00316626-00316832": "long time the Australian government kind", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01255-00316833-00317024": "of treated it as a must mausoleum they", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01256-00317025-00317289": "just didn't let anyone take any samples", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01257-00317290-00317426": "and they wanted to protect it at all", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01258-00317427-00317483": "costs", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01259-00317484-00317783": "but Hamlin pool is at high risk of sea", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01260-00317784-00318077": "for sea level rise and that hyper saline", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01261-00318078-00318414": "that unique hyper saline environment is", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01262-00318415-00318690": "threatened by sea level rise and the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01263-00318691-00318929": "flooding of regular seawater into that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01264-00318930-00319146": "area that could completely bring in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01265-00319147-00319395": "eukaryotes and cause the system to fall", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01266-00319396-00319671": "apart so Australia has become much more", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01267-00319672-00319925": "open into inviting more researchers to", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01268-00319926-00320220": "study it and it's kind of unfortunately", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01269-00320221-00320388": "dependent on how many grants we can get", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01270-00320389-00320721": "and who will support the work but we're", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01271-00320722-00320951": "also looking at them as indicators for", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01272-00320952-00321171": "heat waves I don't know if you're aware", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01273-00321172-00321410": "of heat waves that has devastated the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01274-00321411-00321573": "Great Barrier Reef on the other side of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01275-00321574-00321734": "Australia and other parts of the world", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01276-00321735-00321948": "and so we're looking at them as", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01277-00321949-00322170": "indicators potentially to understand an", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01278-00322171-00322437": "ecosystem health and so we are working", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01279-00322438-00322700": "very hard to try to get funding to keep", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01280-00322701-00322874": "monitoring these systems but right now", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01281-00322875-00323046": "our data loggers are at least in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01282-00323047-00323292": "monitoring the environment and hopefully", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01283-00323293-00323493": "we can keep monitoring the microbes as", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01284-00323494-00323841": "well in their health ok this this I", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01285-00323842-00324069": "think is related and Geoffrey's got a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01286-00324070-00324275": "couple of different questions here and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01287-00324276-00324458": "I'm gonna see if I can you know somehow", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01288-00324459-00324758": "or another combine these he noted that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01289-00324759-00325079": "he read the chart may as I perhaps and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01290-00325080-00325371": "this might speak to a fluctuating sea", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01291-00325372-00325730": "rise and the sea level is far different", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01292-00325731-00325927": "now than it was ten thousand years ago", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01293-00325928-00326193": "and so he read the truck pays less than", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01294-00326194-00326525": "ten thousand years old and how would the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01295-00326526-00326783": "bacterial community find and colonize", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01296-00326784-00326970": "this and and I think that there is a way", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01297-00326971-00327240": "to relate this because any also notes", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01298-00327241-00327352": "that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01299-00327353-00327721": "this was the major ancient habitat but", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01300-00327722-00327943": "it didn't look like with the RTM land", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01301-00327944-00328093": "masses that there weren't a lot of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01302-00328094-00328513": "shallow habitats so and actually you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01303-00328514-00328675": "know with sea level rise there might be", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01304-00328676-00328930": "more shallow habitats son on the other", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01305-00328931-00329312": "side could be the new stromatolite was", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01306-00329313-00329644": "preserved you know so there's what was", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01307-00329645-00329812": "called the Tethys sea you know a few", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01308-00329813-00329944": "hundred million years ago though there", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01309-00329945-00330157": "were pretty much molten North America", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01310-00330158-00330376": "would have been a shallow sea so there", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01311-00330377-00330549": "over time has been a lot of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01312-00330550-00331075": "opportunities for shallow areas to form", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01313-00331076-00331384": "and these to live they can live we find", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01314-00331385-00331759": "them all the way down to 60 feet 30", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01315-00331760-00332116": "meters maybe 2025 meters so they can go", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01316-00332117-00332312": "pretty deep and you can get these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01317-00332313-00332539": "actively for me but but true most of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01318-00332540-00332785": "them are actually most of them are in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01319-00332786-00333088": "the intertidal zone but yes there", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01320-00333089-00333433": "probably has been a lot of change but an", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01321-00333434-00333745": "opportunity for them to form in the past", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01322-00333746-00333919": "so they're probably world many shallow", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01323-00333920-00334117": "areas like I said North America was at", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01324-00334118-00334459": "one point mostly a shallow sea for a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01325-00334460-00334690": "good chunk of time", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01326-00334691-00335086": "got the teddy see so i Jeremiah was I", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01327-00335087-00335335": "you alluded to a couple so I think you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01328-00335336-00335473": "might have seen these he's very", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01329-00335474-00335722": "interested in where we could you know", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01330-00335723-00335908": "potentially find these and you and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01331-00335909-00336229": "alluded to cave systems and you know", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01332-00336230-00336454": "whether or not somebody could just", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01333-00336455-00336901": "casually come upon a stromatolite or or", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01334-00336902-00337126": "maybe even expand that if stromatolites", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01335-00337127-00337528": "are microbial mats and so you know how", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01336-00337529-00337789": "common are microbial mats but you know", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01337-00337790-00338155": "maybe you don't have stromatolites as", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01338-00338156-00338410": "often but maybe there's more opportunity", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01339-00338411-00338812": "just to see absolutely so um", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01340-00338813-00339082": "stromatolite are what are called microbe", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01341-00339083-00339277": "you lights so I just focused on", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01342-00339278-00339448": "stromatolite because they're kind of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01343-00339449-00339634": "poster child for microbial is but there", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01344-00339635-00339838": "are many types of microbial mats that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01345-00339839-00340735": "make these carbonate structures others", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01346-00340736-00340906": "called dendrites and there's some called", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01347-00340907-00341104": "lay lights and and so they're formed all", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01348-00341105-00341281": "over the place and actually there's some", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01349-00341282-00341392": "that don't for carbonate they have", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01350-00341393-00341689": "formed silica or their gypsum-based and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01351-00341690-00341869": "that's all through South American the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01352-00341870-00342190": "Chilean Bolivia and Argentina area", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01353-00342191-00342378": "there's quite a few so Mike", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01354-00342379-00342670": "microbialites are actually quite common", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01355-00342671-00342931": "in a lot of different places around the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01356-00342932-00343153": "planet and we're more keep being", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01357-00343154-00343393": "discovered all the time there's some in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01358-00343394-00343648": "the Pacific atolls in Kiribati there's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01359-00343649-00343906": "some in South Africa there's some in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01360-00343907-00344137": "pavilion Lake and freshwater ones in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01361-00344138-00344488": "Mexico so there's some all over the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01362-00344489-00344659": "place with that beautiful laminated", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01363-00344660-00344833": "structure that's a little bit more rare", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01364-00344834-00345067": "but microbialites in general are found", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01365-00345068-00345300": "quite often in microbial mass even more", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01366-00345301-00345520": "microbial mat is just essentially a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01367-00345521-00345748": "bacterial biofilm but it's so thick that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01368-00345749-00346033": "you can start to get cycling of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01369-00346034-00346318": "nutrients and and these more stratified", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01370-00346319-00346762": "layers to them I think I had a jar with", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01371-00346763-00347599": "one growing well let's go with one more", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01372-00347600-00347839": "question here and we're right at the top", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01373-00347840-00348033": "of the hour now and so Dianne asked", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01374-00348034-00348393": "do stromatolites have a direct impact on", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01375-00348394-00348591": "human health and you know we might even", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01376-00348592-00348882": "think about you know indirect impacts", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01377-00348883-00349170": "and if maybe you want to make some", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01378-00349171-00349542": "comments about how studying them can", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01379-00349543-00350217": "help us to understand our ability to so", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01380-00350218-00350412": "I haven't published this yet but we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01381-00350413-00350613": "started looking at the metabolites that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01382-00350614-00350930": "stromatolites use and more than", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01383-00350931-00351134": "three-quarters of them are unknown", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01384-00351135-00351363": "metabolites things that have never been", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01385-00351364-00351639": "found before so I think that there could", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01386-00351640-00351753": "be a lot of what we call natural", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01387-00351754-00351990": "products or natural materials that are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01388-00351991-00352164": "being produced by these microbes that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01389-00352165-00352422": "could be potentially used maybe there's", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01390-00352423-00352700": "new antibiotics maybe there's new", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01391-00352701-00353001": "different pigments or sunscreens that", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01392-00353002-00353304": "could that could potentially be used for", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01393-00353305-00353556": "human health and also just how microbes", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01394-00353557-00353739": "talk to each other what how are they", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01395-00353740-00353958": "communicating what cells what molecules", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01396-00353959-00354294": "are they using and how are that what are", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01397-00354295-00354444": "their defense mechanisms so there is a", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01398-00354445-00354768": "huge black box associated with strim", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01399-00354769-00355029": "Alex we are just totally scratching the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01400-00355030-00355242": "surface with our understanding of the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01401-00355243-00355482": "the molecular the biology associated", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01402-00355483-00355761": "with these guys and we call it as you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01403-00355762-00355989": "guys will appreciate this microbial dark", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01404-00355990-00356214": "matter it's not of course the Astronomy", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01405-00356215-00356409": "dark matter but it's all this unknown", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01406-00356410-00356664": "material and even in our own genomes we", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01407-00356665-00356916": "only know what may be at most you know", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01408-00356917-00357213": "half of what our genes do so we have", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01409-00357214-00357558": "such a huge frontier of exploration", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01410-00357559-00357774": "they're just even here on earth and with", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01411-00357775-00357990": "thee stromatolite so I think the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01412-00357991-00358215": "stromatolites represent the epitome of", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01413-00358216-00358455": "the past understanding the past the", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01414-00358456-00358623": "present with climate change and maybe", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01415-00358624-00358812": "the future of helping us out of these", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01416-00358813-00359151": "messes that in helping human health so I", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01417-00359152-00359328": "think they're there for the past present", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01418-00359329-00359793": "and the future of for life on Earth well", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01419-00359794-00359997": "that's a great way to end up with", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01420-00359998-00360180": "looking at the future here so thank you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01421-00360181-00360519": "so much that's wonderful so thank you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01422-00360520-00360720": "for joining us Jamie this was a very", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01423-00360721-00360918": "insightful thank you guys thank you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01424-00360919-00361233": "again for your time so all of you you", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01425-00361234-00361395": "can find this webinar", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01426-00361396-00361593": "with many others on the next air network", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01427-00361594-00361808": "website in the outreach resources", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01428-00361809-00362088": "section each webinars page also features", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01429-00362089-00362322": "additional resources and activities and", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01430-00362323-00362609": "you can find links to Jamie's website", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01431-00362610-00362892": "and to her papers there as well", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01432-00362893-00363117": "we also post tonight's presentation on", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01433-00363118-00363342": "the next end network YouTube channel in", "0l9YwbO2Xg0-01434-00363343-00363635": "the next few days"}}, {"audio_id": "0l_F5wOlbE4", "text": {"0l_F5wOlbE4-00000-00000458-00001136": "okay so we're gonna be talking about", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00001-00001137-00001639": "equilibrium we're gonna have a little", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00002-00001641-00002030": "bit more to say about mu because mu is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00003-00002030-00002405": "important and then I'm going to talk", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00004-00002406-00002522": "about the bow and then I'm going to talk", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00005-00002523-00002897": "about the equilibrium constant this is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00006-00002898-00003383": "chapter 17 material we've already", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00007-00003384-00003832": "tunneled through chapter 16 leaving out", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00008-00003833-00004277": "lots of stuff along the way non-ideal", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00009-00004278-00004595": "solutions we don't have time to talk", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00010-00004596-00005006": "about them they're very important all", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00011-00005007-00005135": "right and there's lots of other stuff", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00012-00005136-00005229": "there as well", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00013-00005230-00005788": "all right we're already in chapter 17", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00014-00005789-00006041": "how do we know an individual reactants", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00015-00006042-00006346": "and products contribute to G there could", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00016-00006347-00006581": "be a whole slew of reactants here there", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00017-00006581-00006908": "could be a whole slew of products all", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00018-00006909-00007340": "right how do we attribute the G for a", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00019-00007341-00007643": "reaction to individual reactants and", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00020-00007644-00007961": "products as chemists this is obviously", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00021-00007962-00008351": "an important thing for us we talked", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00022-00008352-00008591": "about this thought experiment right here", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00023-00008592-00008837": "we have two isotopes of hydrogen in two", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00024-00008838-00009011": "different bulbs separated by a valve", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00025-00009012-00009328": "that's initially closed then we open it", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00026-00009329-00009806": "and when we open it we can describe the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00027-00009807-00009986": "change in the free energy on the left", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00028-00009987-00010399": "side in terms of what's happening with", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00029-00010400-00010592": "component one and what's happening with", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00030-00010593-00011108": "component two in this case component one", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00031-00011109-00011501": "is H 2 and component 2 is d 2 okay so we", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00032-00011502-00011696": "can write two equations for the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00033-00011697-00011900": "left-hand side two equations for the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00034-00011901-00012176": "right in hand side two equations two", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00035-00012177-00012571": "terms right here's the left hand side", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00036-00012572-00012860": "here's the right hand side here's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00037-00012861-00012961": "component one", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00038-00012962-00013259": "here's component two same thing over", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00039-00013260-00013463": "here on the right hand side component 1", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00040-00013463-00013727": "and component 2", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00041-00013728-00014163": "and then if we consider that anything", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00042-00014163-00014325": "that leaves the right hand side has to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00043-00014326-00014487": "enter the left hand side and anything", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00044-00014488-00014649": "that leaves the left hand side has to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00045-00014650-00014903": "enter the right hand side we can write a", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00046-00014904-00015316": "second pair of equations these two guys", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00047-00015318-00015765": "alright and what this says is we're only", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00048-00015766-00015951": "talking about component one here let's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00049-00015952-00016272": "say hydrogen the partial derivative of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00050-00016272-00016440": "the free energy on the left side and the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00051-00016441-00016587": "partial derivative the free energy on", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00052-00016588-00017085": "the right side those two things have to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00053-00017086-00017567": "be equal to one another at equilibrium", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00054-00017568-00017925": "and the same thing has to be true where", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00055-00017926-00018201": "in terms of component two all right so", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00056-00018202-00018420": "this could be for hydrogen this could be", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00057-00018421-00018720": "for deuterium these partial derivatives", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00058-00018721-00019062": "have to be satisfied these equalities", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00059-00019063-00019209": "that involve these partial derivatives", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00060-00019210-00019506": "all right so these are so-called partial", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00061-00019507-00019680": "molar quantities whenever you take the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00062-00019681-00019854": "partial derivative of a thermodynamic", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00063-00019855-00020085": "state function with respect to the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00064-00020086-00020556": "number of moles of something it's called", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00065-00020557-00020817": "a partial molar quantity molar because", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00066-00020818-00020987": "you're taking the partial derivative", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00067-00020988-00021477": "with respect to the number of moles okay", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00068-00021478-00021759": "and the chemical potential is this", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00069-00021760-00022092": "special case of a partial molar quantity", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00070-00022093-00022404": "that involves the Gibbs energy right the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00071-00022405-00022539": "Gibbs energy the partial of the Gibbs", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00072-00022540-00022854": "energy with respect to component one or", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00073-00022855-00023043": "component two where component 3 would be", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00074-00023044-00023283": "the chemical potential of component one", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00075-00023284-00023607": "or component two or component 3 mu", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00076-00023608-00023814": "describes how G is affected by changes", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00077-00023815-00024315": "in the amount of one component right it", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00078-00024316-00024570": "is in effect the G of a particular", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00079-00024571-00024873": "component it is the Gibbs energy of a", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00080-00024874-00025188": "single component all right why didn't", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00081-00025189-00025374": "they just call it the Gibbs energy of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00082-00025375-00025697": "component one I don't know it would have", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00083-00025698-00025859": "been a lot easier because that's what it", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00084-00025860-00026189": "is right it's just the Gibbs energy of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00085-00026191-00026658": "component one hydrogen or deuterium now", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00086-00026658-00026933": "it's not obvious to me when I look at", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00087-00026935-00027054": "this partial derivative it", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00088-00027055-00027201": "looks a lot more complicated than just", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00089-00027202-00027405": "the Gibbs energy a component one why did", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00090-00027406-00027642": "they write it this way this really is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00091-00027643-00028095": "the Gibbs energy of a component one all", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00092-00028095-00028214": "right do other people have a problem", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00093-00028216-00028508": "seeing that because I know I always have", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00094-00028508-00028789": "so the way I like to think about it", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00095-00028791-00029258": "is shown here right here's a system that", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00096-00029260-00029433": "contains three different components and", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00097-00029433-00029664": "the total G for this system think about", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00098-00029664-00029870": "it as just being a balance and there's a", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00099-00029872-00030126": "scale here we call this the G meter we", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00100-00030127-00030567": "know the free energy excuse me the Gibbs", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00101-00030568-00030877": "energy is an extensive quantity don't we", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00102-00030879-00031137": "all right and so this is a beautiful", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00103-00031138-00031344": "analogy for that we're weighing these", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00104-00031345-00031548": "components it's like a G meter this is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00105-00031549-00031794": "an extensive this is gonna be an", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00106-00031795-00032136": "extensive quantity isn't it just it's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00107-00032137-00032655": "just like mass okay and so what we said", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00108-00032656-00032820": "is the partial derivative of G with", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00109-00032821-00033006": "respect to N and here we're going to pay", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00110-00033007-00033396": "attention to in blue all right we're", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00111-00033397-00033510": "gonna try and think about the chemical", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00112-00033511-00033822": "potential of blue here all right at", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00113-00033823-00034503": "constant green orange P and T all right", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00114-00034504-00034608": "and the way to think about that", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00115-00034609-00034773": "derivative is that if you remove a", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00116-00034774-00035274": "little bit of blue or add to it a unit", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00117-00035275-00035565": "of blue here we've subtracted a unit of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00118-00035566-00035901": "blue this partial derivative is just", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00119-00035902-00036153": "this difference and what we're left with", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00120-00036154-00036722": "is the block that used to be here that's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00121-00036723-00037242": "the chemical potential of the blue for", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00122-00037243-00037374": "me it's a lot easier to think about it", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00123-00037375-00037671": "this way all right now it's clear yes", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00124-00037672-00037899": "this is just the chemical potential of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00125-00037900-00038307": "the blue all right now it's not the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00126-00038308-00038469": "chemical chemical potential of the blue", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00127-00038470-00038741": "always it's the chemical potential blue", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00128-00038742-00038946": "exactly when the composition of the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00129-00038947-00039141": "system is as I'm showing it here there's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00130-00039142-00039312": "green here there's orange here and", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00131-00039313-00039549": "there's a bunch of other blue here right", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00132-00039550-00039690": "the chemical potential I'm talking about", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00133-00039691-00039921": "is specific to the rest of this stuff", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00134-00039922-00040095": "being there to the chemical potential", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00135-00040096-00040329": "could be different if there was", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00136-00040330-00040404": "different amounts", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00137-00040405-00040707": "stuff here right it would be as though", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00138-00040708-00040949": "this balance could be different this", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00139-00040950-00041064": "arrow could point in different", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00140-00041065-00041280": "directions even for a single blue Bob", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00141-00041281-00041673": "block if the rest of these guys maybe if", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00142-00041674-00041861": "there's only three green guys or six", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00143-00041862-00042080": "orange guys the chemical potential could", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00144-00042081-00042273": "change a little bit but we're always", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00145-00042274-00042443": "talking about the chemical potential of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00146-00042444-00042755": "this pure component that we're talking", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00147-00042756-00042855": "whatever it is that we're talking about", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00148-00042856-00043139": "in this case it's the blue blocks just", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00149-00043140-00043568": "make any more sense I don't know does", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00150-00043569-00043926": "for me okay so what do we need to know", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00151-00043927-00044070": "about the chemical potential its", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00152-00044071-00044549": "extensive just like gee it's got units", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00153-00044550-00044996": "of energy per mole just like gee it's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00154-00044997-00045193": "pressure dependence is the same as G and", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00155-00045194-00045614": "so is the temperature dependence okay so", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00156-00045615-00045843": "I can I can say the partial derivative", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00157-00045844-00045960": "of the chemical potential of any", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00158-00045961-00046167": "component with respect to its partial", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00159-00046168-00046343": "pressure is just equal to the molar", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00160-00046344-00046487": "volume of that component and if I", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00161-00046488-00046623": "integrate that I'm gonna get an equation", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00162-00046624-00046802": "that looks just like the equation that", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00163-00046803-00047133": "we write for G except now it pertains to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00164-00047134-00047649": "a single component and same thing with", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00165-00047650-00048026": "the entropy but how does it depend on", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00166-00048027-00048387": "concentration how does the chemical", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00167-00048388-00048579": "potential depend on concentration we", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00168-00048580-00048743": "haven't talked about that even with", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00169-00048744-00049137": "respect to G well here's the equation", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00170-00049138-00049335": "alright the chemical potential some", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00171-00049336-00049670": "species a is given by the standard", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00172-00049671-00050096": "chemical potential that applies under", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00173-00050097-00050330": "defined standard state conditions which", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00174-00050331-00050471": "in the case of a gas would be a pressure", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00175-00050472-00050690": "of 1 bar and a temperature of 298 point", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00176-00050691-00051008": "1 6 degrees Kelvin all right in the case", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00177-00051009-00051365": "of a solute in a solution the standard", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00178-00051366-00051716": "state is an activity of 1 molar we", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00179-00051717-00051948": "haven't said what activity is yet all", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00180-00051949-00052224": "right so it's equal to this Muzio which", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00181-00052225-00052667": "is the chemical potential for that puke", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00182-00052669-00052871": "on pure compound in its standard state", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00183-00052872-00053403": "plus RT log of the activity of a what's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00184-00053404-00053658": "that", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00185-00053659-00054132": "well to beg the question and not answer", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00186-00054133-00054489": "it the activity of a is just equal to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00187-00054490-00054678": "the activity coefficient of a times its", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00188-00054679-00055016": "concentration now I haven't told you", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00189-00055017-00055266": "what the activity coefficient is alright", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00190-00055266-00055434": "that's the activity coefficient that's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00191-00055435-00055596": "the concentration so now we have a", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00192-00055597-00055761": "relationship between the chemical", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00193-00055762-00056004": "potential and the concentration of a we", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00194-00056004-00056178": "all know what the concentration is and", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00195-00056179-00056411": "the concentration could be a pressure", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00196-00056412-00056616": "all right there'd still be an activity", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00197-00056616-00056925": "coefficient all right so if it's in the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00198-00056926-00057153": "gas phase it's a pressure it's the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00199-00057154-00057326": "partial pressure of course and if it's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00200-00057327-00057441": "in the liquid phase would be a", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00201-00057441-00057660": "concentration and this activity", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00202-00057661-00057830": "coefficient it turns out can vary vary", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00203-00057832-00057975": "between zero and one and we're going to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00204-00057976-00058371": "talk more about that later on but it's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00205-00058372-00058505": "sort of a distraction for us now so", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00206-00058507-00058635": "we're not going to talk about it right", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00207-00058636-00058866": "now for our purposes we're just going to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00208-00058866-00059259": "equate for the time being the activity", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00209-00059260-00059400": "with the concentration we're just going", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00210-00059401-00059604": "to pretend for the time being that this", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00211-00059604-00060063": "activity coefficient is always 1 ok", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00212-00060064-00060390": "that's an assumption it's an incorrect", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00213-00060391-00060530": "assumption most of the time we'll talk", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00214-00060532-00060954": "about activity coefficients later ok so", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00215-00060954-00061212": "we can relate the chemical potential to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00216-00061213-00061344": "the concentration through an equation", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00217-00061345-00062079": "that looks just like this ok now we", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00218-00062079-00062232": "already a stand the geeze minimize one", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00219-00062233-00062373": "approach to equilibrium we already", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00220-00062374-00062532": "talked about this equilibriums at the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00221-00062533-00062724": "bottom of this curve but we didn't talk", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00222-00062725-00063171": "about why this is Bo shaped because it's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00223-00063172-00063357": "not intuitive that it would be I mean if", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00224-00063358-00063522": "if this is the Gibbs energy of the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00225-00063523-00063641": "reactants this is the Kimmage Gibbs", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00226-00063642-00063857": "energy of the products why doesn't the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00227-00063858-00064029": "Gibbs energy of every intermediate", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00228-00064029-00064236": "mixture of reactants and products", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00229-00064237-00064446": "following this dashed line up here it's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00230-00064447-00064647": "the simplest solution to this problem", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00231-00064648-00065022": "isn't it and if that were the case there", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00232-00065023-00065196": "would never be any equilibrium would", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00233-00065197-00065412": "there because there would never be any", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00234-00065413-00065601": "curvature to this thing no matter where", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00235-00065602-00065790": "you put this dot and where you put this", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00236-00065791-00066209": "dot you're always going to have a", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00237-00066210-00066456": "straight line and it's never going to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00238-00066457-00066609": "have a minimum where you would expect to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00239-00066610-00066944": "find equilibrium is there all right so", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00240-00066945-00067026": "the fact that there's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00241-00067027-00067302": "a bow to this curve is sort of essential", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00242-00067303-00067617": "to how chemical systems work but", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00243-00067618-00067830": "chemical systems have equilibrium we", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00244-00067831-00068139": "need to understand that this is not what", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00245-00068140-00069006": "happens okay so let's do a simple", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00246-00069007-00069137": "calculation", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00247-00069138-00069429": "I've got Oh two on the left side and two", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00248-00069430-00069911": "on the right side half a mole of each", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00249-00069912-00070976": "now I'm going to open the valve", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00250-00070977-00071159": "this reaction coordinate is the mole", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00251-00071160-00072359": "fraction of n2 when I open the valve I'm", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00252-00072360-00072500": "going to have point two five moles of o2", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00253-00072501-00072710": "and point two five moles of n2 after", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00254-00072711-00073211": "everything comes to equilibrium okay and", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00255-00073212-00073475": "so I'm the mole fraction is simple the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00256-00073476-00073682": "moles of n2 is 0.25 over the total", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00257-00073683-00074030": "number of moles is 0.5 and so 0.25 over", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00258-00074031-00074315": "point 5 is 0.5 and so we're right here", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00259-00074316-00074503": "on this diagram now", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00260-00074504-00074708": "all right we're right here", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00261-00074709-00075167": "after all the mixing has happened okay", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00262-00075168-00075350": "so let's calculate G while G is just", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00263-00075351-00075608": "equal to the number of moles of n2 times", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00264-00075609-00075755": "the chemical potential of n2 in the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00265-00075756-00075992": "number of moles of h2 except h2 is not", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00266-00075993-00076280": "in there that should be o2 times the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00267-00076281-00076481": "chemical potential of o2 it's all OH -", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00268-00076482-00076946": "and n2 here okay and so what's the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00269-00076947-00077114": "chemical potential of n2 what's just", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00270-00077115-00077261": "given by the because we're talking about", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00271-00077262-00077477": "a gas that's the partial pressure of n2", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00272-00077478-00077699": "this is the this is 1 bar we can just", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00273-00077700-00077855": "sort of ignore it your book usually does", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00274-00077856-00078272": "just call it 1 okay and this is the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00275-00078273-00078635": "analogous term 402 all right we multiply", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00276-00078636-00079043": "by the number of moles yes this is the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00277-00079044-00079241": "chemical potential of n2 at 1 bar and to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00278-00079242-00079606": "98.1 6 degrees Kelvin and that's 1 bar", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00279-00079607-00080135": "yes your book just writes it gets rid of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00280-00080136-00080450": "the p0 just calls it 1 don't be confused", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00281-00080451-00080879": "by that okay so since P is the same on", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00282-00080880-00081056": "both sides we'll just call it P Prime at", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00283-00081057-00081398": "equilibrium the total pressure on the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00284-00081399-00081650": "two sides is the same it will just call", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00285-00081651-00082174": "it P Prime ok so after opening the valve", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00286-00082175-00082445": "we're gonna have P prime over 2 for", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00287-00082446-00082646": "nitrogen and P prime over 2 for oxygen", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00288-00082647-00082790": "because half the oxygen is going to go", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00289-00082791-00083198": "into the left ball valve left bulb half", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00290-00083199-00083537": "the oxygen is going to go into the you", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00291-00083538-00083696": "know what I mean half the nitrogen is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00292-00083697-00083848": "going to go", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00293-00083849-00084056": "all right so the pressure is going to go", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00294-00084057-00084704": "down by a factor of two right yes", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00295-00084705-00084896": "this is all for oxygen this is all for", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00296-00084897-00085292": "nitrogen okay so the difference the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00297-00085293-00085643": "Delta G final minus initial is just", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00298-00085644-00085799": "going to be P prime over two divided by", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00299-00085800-00086078": "Q P prime or nitrogen the same thing for", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00300-00086079-00088525": "oxygen all right when I get minus 1770", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00301-00088526-00088943": "okay so I can look at my flat ban all", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00302-00088944-00089273": "right this Delta is 1717 joules one of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00303-00089274-00089695": "when I'm in 0.5 that's not on the line", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00304-00089696-00090026": "it still very close to the line the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00305-00090027-00090398": "lines at zero why is that the lines at", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00306-00090399-00090938": "zero because the museum for nitrogen to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00307-00090939-00091216": "the mu zero for oxygen our bulk serum", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00308-00091217-00091430": "turns out look in the back of your book", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00309-00091431-00091754": "there's a big table of standard free", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00310-00091755-00092021": "energies of formation standard Gibbs", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00311-00092022-00092543": "energies of formation of oxygen any", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00312-00092544-00092918": "other like that it gets energy of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00313-00092919-00093145": "formation", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00314-00093146-00093493": "alright or measured versus zero okay in", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00315-00093494-00093706": "other words the curve has gotta go", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00316-00093707-00093841": "through this point right here it's got", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00317-00093842-00093997": "to go through that like a punch so it's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00318-00093998-00094360": "gotta be in curved right there's no way", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00319-00094361-00094501": "it can be a straight line between these", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00320-00094502-00094857": "two points", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00321-00094858-00095248": "we're just proving it but the question", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00322-00095249-00095532": "is why in other words we know if Delta G", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00323-00095533-00095746": "is Delta H minus T Delta s which of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00324-00095747-00095962": "these two things is responsible for this", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00325-00095963-00096565": "curvature well there's no change in the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00326-00096566-00096985": "enthalpy during this reaction if these", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00327-00096986-00097309": "are eyeglasses is there but there's no", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00328-00097310-00097794": "change in Delta it's got to be in that", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00329-00097795-00097999": "term right there it's got to be the end", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00330-00098000-00098179": "of me and of course when we think about", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00331-00098180-00098562": "it and you mix these two gases together", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00332-00098563-00098815": "right now that you allow each of these", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00333-00098816-00099004": "two components and have more volume to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00334-00099005-00099229": "occupy the entropy in the system is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00335-00099230-00099544": "going to go up that's the driving force", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00336-00099545-00099880": "for this curvature that we're showing", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00337-00099881-00100273": "here all right and in fact if I plot the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00338-00100274-00100807": "entropy it looks like that all right now", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00339-00100808-00101131": "what a lot of you is actually T times", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00340-00101132-00101329": "Delta s because I wanted to show you", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00341-00101330-00101532": "that it's exactly the positives that", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00342-00101533-00101907": "positive reflection of this guy I put a", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00343-00101908-00102394": "mirror here you did this that's because", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00344-00102395-00102652": "I multiplied by T so that is going to be", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00345-00102653-00103138": "numerically equal to the depth of the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00346-00103139-00103535": "Delta G well isn't it", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00347-00103536-00103848": "it's gonna be numerically equal so", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00348-00103849-00104223": "entropy I think this is moderately", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00349-00104224-00104451": "profound all right if you didn't have", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00350-00104452-00104781": "intervened acting in this process there", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00351-00104782-00104928": "wouldn't be any equilibrium at all", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00352-00104929-00105215": "because if there's no curvature of this", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00353-00105216-00105543": "G verses progress of reaction curve", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00354-00105544-00105996": "there is no equilibrium all right the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00355-00105997-00106125": "universe would be fundamentally", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00356-00106126-00106610": "different than it is right we have this", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00357-00106611-00106926": "curvature in the Delta G because of the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00358-00106927-00108438": "entropy of mixing this is one of my", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00359-00108439-00108546": "favorite molecules", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00360-00108547-00108777": "it's called resveratrol why would it be", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00361-00108778-00109395": "one of my favorite objects where is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00362-00109396-00110190": "resveratrol found in our environment", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00363-00110191-00110344": "one of the nice things about resveratrol", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00364-00110345-00110703": "is it makes things live longer and if", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00365-00110704-00110889": "you're my age are very interested in", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00366-00110890-00111022": "that even though it's only been tested", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00367-00111023-00111639": "in yeast fruit flies and worms I'd like", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00368-00111640-00111936": "to think that human beings may also", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00369-00111938-00112251": "benefit from the same biochemistry", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00370-00112252-00112498": "that's going on with these guys", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00371-00112499-00113094": "all right mice do well on resveratrol", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00372-00113095-00113320": "all right they don't think cancer is off", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00373-00113321-00113698": "when they eat a lot of it unfortunately", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00374-00113699-00114147": "scientists feed them enormous and then", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00375-00114148-00114603": "they don't get cancer for gosh sakes the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00376-00114604-00114840": "mouse without eating huge amounts of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00377-00114841-00115164": "resveratrol in acetone mind you happy", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00378-00115165-00116131": "day so the reason we humans like it is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00379-00116132-00116561": "because it's found in Red Bull", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00380-00116563-00117341": "California Pinot Noirs oh all right so", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00381-00117342-00117622": "this could be that red one is good for", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00382-00117623-00118217": "you", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00383-00118218-00118406": "all right why we've been mentioned it", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00384-00118407-00118940": "well because dark two isomers of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00385-00118941-00119216": "resveratrol and if you get resveratrol", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00386-00119217-00119417": "or 350 nanometer lightening a nice", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00387-00119418-00119564": "conversation around that double bond", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00388-00119565-00119683": "right there so the assistant", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00389-00119684-00119963": "transversion and so this this is like", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00390-00119964-00120164": "the simplest chemical reaction alright", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00391-00120165-00120344": "tonight's conversation reaction is like", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00392-00120345-00120605": "the world's simplest chemical there you", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00393-00120606-00121110": "know molecular usually lighter", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00394-00121111-00121313": "stimulating they sound ridiculous", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00395-00121314-00121493": "organized secret to figure out what they", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00396-00121494-00121652": "do they're gonna take a generic version", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00397-00121653-00122369": "of a a goes okay now let's say that", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00398-00122370-00122732": "we're starting off with ends of a mole", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00399-00122733-00122972": "that's why I'm calling it CL because the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00400-00122973-00123146": "starting point and instantly this is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00401-00123147-00123454": "zero because that's the starting point", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00402-00123455-00123733": "and if there's a change now some", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00403-00123734-00124076": "reaction occurs some of this a is going", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00404-00124077-00124288": "to get rid of the B and some of this B", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00405-00124289-00124532": "so if the reaction is going from left to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00406-00124533-00124739": "right here we're going to lose a and", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00407-00124740-00125035": "maybe so this thing called the progress", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00408-00125036-00125267": "of the reaction or the extent of the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00409-00125268-00125558": "reaction is going to tell us how far the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00410-00125558-00126111": "reaction is proceeded from left to right", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00411-00126113-00126439": "okay so that's minus point one that's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00412-00126440-00126702": "plus point one the unit's here are moles", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00413-00126703-00126958": "the extent of the reaction has units of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00414-00126958-00127986": "moles it's not dimensionless okay so if", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00415-00127988-00128149": "we start with one mole of a observable", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00416-00128150-00128541": "to be our this we can convert this axis", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00417-00128542-00128872": "here into an axis in terms of the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00418-00128873-00129115": "progress of the reaction right if that's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00419-00129116-00129256": "the case this would be one and this", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00420-00129257-00129472": "would be serial the progress reaction to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00421-00129473-00129711": "zero when we got all a and it's one when", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00422-00129713-00129949": "we got all beat make sense", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00423-00129950-00130428": "one mole the progress of the reaction", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00424-00130429-00130906": "always has units of moles okay so we", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00425-00130907-00131050": "define us all to this plot at any value", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00426-00131051-00131482": "of the progress of the reaction as Delta", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00427-00131483-00131715": "R of G this is the notation here both", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00428-00131716-00131979": "uses this is the reaction Gibbs free", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00429-00131980-00132259": "energy so if I look at this point right", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00430-00132260-00132396": "here", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00431-00132397-00132652": "alright the reaction Gibbs free energy", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00432-00132653-00132804": "is the partial derivative of the G", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00433-00132805-00132982": "function with respect to the extent of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00434-00132983-00133489": "the reaction right it turns out we have", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00435-00133490-00133657": "to denominate everything in terms of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00436-00133658-00133813": "these into the reaction in order for", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00437-00133814-00134340": "this to work properly okay so here Delta", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00438-00134341-00134596": "R and G is less than zero yes the slope", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00439-00134597-00134884": "is negative either Delta G of R is equal", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00440-00134885-00135007": "to zero", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00441-00135008-00135427": "yes the slope is zero here Delta G Delta", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00442-00135428-00135631": "R of G is greater than zero", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00443-00135632-00136102": "yes the slope is positive okay so we've", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00444-00136103-00136393": "got this thing called the reaction Gibbs", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00445-00136394-00136645": "free energy except we're not supposed to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00446-00136646-00137420": "use the word free", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00447-00137421-00137760": "okay so Delta Park that's meant to imply", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00448-00137761-00138937": "the incremental change", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00449-00138938-00139156": "oh so under conditions of constant", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00450-00139157-00139321": "pressure temperature for reaction", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00451-00139322-00139728": "advances by some small amount all right", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00452-00139729-00140332": "a will change by de bolsa made people", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00453-00140333-00141429": "change my people to be okay here if we", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00454-00141430-00141753": "have a reaction from A to B DNA would be", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00455-00141754-00141961": "a negative quantity wouldn't it because", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00456-00141962-00142203": "a would be getting smaller B would be", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00457-00142204-00142329": "getting bigger so that would be positive", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00458-00142330-00142578": "that would be negative and so in order", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00459-00142579-00142839": "for this to be equal to this I have to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00460-00142840-00143032": "have a minus sign there because that's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00461-00143033-00143228": "going to be positive by definition", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00462-00143229-00143659": "everyone see that okay so these two", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00463-00143660-00143926": "things are equal to one another and so", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00464-00143927-00144327": "if that's the case I can factor out this", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00465-00144328-00144820": "what is that Chi factor that out and", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00466-00144821-00145002": "I've got this expression right here in", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00467-00145003-00145513": "so in other words this Gibbs reaction", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00468-00145514-00145786": "energy right is just going to be", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00469-00145787-00145906": "proportional to the difference in the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00470-00145907-00146227": "chemical potentials so Delta G of our", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00471-00146228-00146572": "should be Delta R of G of course is just", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00472-00146573-00146677": "the difference between the chemical", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00473-00146678-00147264": "potentials it's just that right when I", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00474-00147265-00148168": "take D G D Chi I get that guy okay so", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00475-00148169-00148294": "it's obvious from this plot but let's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00476-00148295-00148611": "say it anyway the Gibbs reaction energy", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00477-00148612-00148864": "changes continuously monotonically with", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00478-00148865-00149035": "the progress of the reaction or the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00479-00149036-00149161": "extent of the reaction therefore the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00480-00149162-00149446": "composition the reaction mixture yes", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00481-00149447-00149772": "this is a smooth and continuous function", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00482-00149773-00149977": "okay so that means that there's three", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00483-00149978-00150199": "types of reactions reactions that are X", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00484-00150200-00150739": "or onic exergonic where Delta R of G is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00485-00150740-00151168": "less than zero endergonic where Delta R", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00486-00151169-00151384": "mg is greater than zero and equilibrium", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00487-00151385-00151783": "where it equals zero and if you don't", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00488-00151784-00151935": "know what this word means", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00489-00151936-00152326": "as always Wikipedia can help you", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00490-00152327-00152512": "means the releasing energy in the form", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00491-00152513-00153085": "of work if it's an exergonic reaction it", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00492-00153086-00153288": "can release energy in the form of work", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00493-00153289-00153721": "you can do work alright if Delta G is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00494-00153722-00154131": "Delta Delta R of G is less than zero", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00495-00154132-00154377": "alright if you want Delta R of G to be", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00496-00154378-00154537": "greater than zero you've got to put work", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00497-00154538-00155738": "into the system to make that happen okay", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00498-00155739-00155926": "okay but we still don't learn anything", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00499-00155927-00156118": "more about where equilibrium is located", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00500-00156119-00156325": "in terms of the extent of the reactions", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00501-00156326-00156475": "to get there let's assume a and B are", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00502-00156476-00156631": "ideal gases then you will recall from", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00503-00156632-00157612": "lecture 17 isn't this lecture 17 let's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00504-00157613-00157764": "assume a and B are ideal gases then", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00505-00157765-00158011": "you'll recall from lecture 16 yes that's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00506-00158012-00158526": "right right so so the difference in the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00507-00158527-00158713": "free Gibbs energy between some initial", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00508-00158714-00158904": "state and some final state is just given", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00509-00158905-00159070": "by this integral where that's the molar", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00510-00159071-00159298": "volume and we can convert that we know", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00511-00159299-00159550": "if we're talking about an ideal gas plug", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00512-00159551-00159804": "and chug here's the expression as a", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00513-00159805-00160266": "function of pressure okay and we can", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00514-00160267-00160543": "define a standard molar Gibbs free", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00515-00160544-00160779": "energy as one that applies at a pressure", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00516-00160780-00161068": "of 1 bar and 298 point one six degrees", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00517-00161069-00161295": "Kelvin that's what that is right there", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00518-00161296-00161683": "okay and so if a and B are gases we can", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00519-00161684-00161797": "write their chemical potentials in this", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00520-00161798-00162181": "form for example because this is just", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00521-00162182-00162463": "the chemical potential of a single", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00522-00162464-00162637": "species it's gonna follow exactly this", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00523-00162638-00162828": "form I can write this equation right", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00524-00162829-00163077": "here by analogy to that one and this is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00525-00163078-00163251": "the standard chemical potential which", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00526-00163252-00163573": "once again applies at one bar in to 98.1", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00527-00163574-00163890": "six degrees Kelvin okay so that the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00528-00163891-00164263": "Gibbs reaction energy we said is the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00529-00164264-00164395": "difference between these two chemical", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00530-00164396-00164601": "potentials and so if I write an equation", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00531-00164602-00164790": "like this for a and another one for B I", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00532-00164791-00164959": "can take the difference there's the B", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00533-00164960-00165237": "one there's the a one and when I take", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00534-00165238-00165468": "the difference yes I already said that", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00535-00165469-00165627": "I've got", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00536-00165628-00165999": "emuebie zero minus mu a zero that's that", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00537-00166000-00166285": "all right and then I the P Z rows are", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00538-00166286-00166405": "going to cancel I'm going to end up with", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00539-00166406-00167034": "PB over PA and this is the standard now", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00540-00167035-00167449": "Gibbs reaction energy it applies at one", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00541-00167450-00167593": "bar and to ninety eight point one six", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00542-00167594-00168043": "degrees Kelvin okay and we have a name", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00543-00168044-00168361": "for this right this quotient between the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00544-00168362-00168490": "partial pressure being the partial", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00545-00168491-00168682": "pressure of a is called the reaction", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00546-00168683-00169084": "quotient something that you heard about", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00547-00169085-00169417": "in general chemistry lo those many years", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00548-00169418-00169732": "ago all right we call it Q the reaction", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00549-00169733-00170185": "quotient okay so for every value of the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00550-00170186-00170350": "extent of the reaction across the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00551-00170351-00170572": "horizontal axis of a G versus extend the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00552-00170573-00170761": "reaction diagram we can calculate the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00553-00170762-00170950": "Gibbs reaction energy from the Gibbs", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00554-00170951-00171064": "direction due to the product reaction", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00555-00171065-00171250": "species present at that extent of the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00556-00171251-00171871": "reaction yes and so finally at", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00557-00171872-00172261": "equilibrium the reaction quotients give", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00558-00172262-00172666": "most but so when this is zero at the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00559-00172667-00172918": "bottom of that well right where you've", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00560-00172919-00173113": "got a horizontal line tangent to the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00561-00173114-00173725": "curve we can call this K right the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00562-00173726-00174067": "reaction quotient is in Q anymore here", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00563-00174068-00174424": "it's Q all right under the special case", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00564-00174425-00174781": "where that's zero we can call the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00565-00174782-00175144": "reaction quotient k KR k equilibrium", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00566-00175145-00175396": "alright and these are then equilibrium", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00567-00175397-00175908": "values for these two partial pressures", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00568-00175909-00176671": "and from this I can just move this guy", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00569-00176672-00176818": "to the left hand side and I've got minus", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00570-00176819-00177001": "RT log K so there's a relationship", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00571-00177002-00177458": "between", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00572-00177459-00177718": "the free energy of the reaction the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00573-00177719-00177916": "standard free energy of the reaction", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00574-00177917-00178232": "standard because this is a zero and the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00575-00178233-00178729": "equilibrium constant for example let's", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00576-00178730-00178868": "say that the Delta G the reaction is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00577-00178869-00179389": "zero right if Delta G is zero Y I can", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00578-00179390-00179686": "solve for K Delta G is zero X Mitchell", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00579-00179687-00180340": "zero is one yes right in my extent of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00580-00180341-00180881": "the in my my equilibrium constant for", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00581-00180882-00181390": "the reaction is one alright which is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00582-00181391-00181741": "going to be correspond to equal partial", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00583-00181742-00182074": "pressures of B na right because the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00584-00182075-00182246": "equilibrium constant is the partial", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00585-00182247-00182398": "pressure of B divided by the partial", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00586-00182399-00182824": "pressure of a okay here's the reaction", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00587-00182825-00183131": "the standard reaction free energy", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00588-00183132-00183463": "difference between a and B it's zero", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00589-00183464-00183649": "alright the equilibrium constants right", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00590-00183650-00183746": "in the middle this would be a nice", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00591-00183747-00184171": "symmetrical curve isn't it", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00592-00184172-00184848": "yes and on the other hand if this", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00593-00184849-00185210": "standard Gibbs reaction energy is less", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00594-00185211-00185708": "than zero in other words the final Gibbs", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00595-00185709-00186010": "energy minus the initial Gibbs energy is", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00596-00186011-00186250": "as shown here all right this guy is less", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00597-00186251-00186427": "than zero now the curve is going to look", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00598-00186428-00186601": "like that now equilibriums got to be", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00599-00186602-00187249": "over here all right and that means that", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00600-00187250-00187418": "it's gonna be greater than one it has to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00601-00187419-00188008": "be greater than one", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00602-00188009-00188178": "what does that mean for the equilibrium", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00603-00188179-00188359": "constant well if we look at the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00604-00188360-00188488": "equilibrium constant here is the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00605-00188489-00188640": "equilibrium constant refresher for a", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00606-00188641-00189027": "generic reaction a moles of a plus B", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00607-00189028-00189184": "moles of B goes to C moles to C and D", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00608-00189185-00189351": "moles of D we can write the equilibrium", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00609-00189352-00189496": "constant terms equal limit activities of", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00610-00189497-00189726": "each reactant and product species yes", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00611-00189727-00190174": "it's just the activity of C taken to the", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00612-00190175-00190489": "C power times the activity of D taken to", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00613-00190490-00190771": "the D power and so on products over", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00614-00190772-00191032": "reactants right we can write this in", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00615-00191033-00191178": "terms of activity coefficients and", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00616-00191179-00191425": "concentrations yes these are activities", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00617-00191426-00191587": "and these are concentrations and these", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00618-00191588-00191865": "are activity coefficients and so what", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00619-00191866-00192043": "this means is that you've got a product", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00620-00192044-00192598": "rich mixture right you've got more", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00621-00192599-00192879": "product than you do reactant because", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00622-00192880-00193056": "you're on the right-hand side of one and", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00623-00193057-00193306": "if the opposite is true if you're going", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00624-00193307-00193684": "uphill from A to B you're going to end", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00625-00193685-00193858": "up with an equilibrium constant that has", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00626-00193859-00194691": "the opposite its reactant rich all right", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00627-00194692-00194926": "we'll come back to this on Monday have a", "0l_F5wOlbE4-00628-00194927-00195180": "good weekend"}}, {"audio_id": "0le950LvW5o", "text": {"0le950LvW5o-00000-00000082-00000316": "Afghanistan listen pashto dari", "0le950LvW5o-00001-00000317-00000634": "Afghanistan Pashto Afghanistan amnesty", "0le950LvW5o-00002-00000635-00000902": "an app dari Afghanistan amnesty an", "0le950LvW5o-00003-00000902-00001108": "officially the Islamic Republic of", "0le950LvW5o-00004-00001109-00001283": "Afghanistan is a landlocked country", "0le950LvW5o-00005-00001284-00001555": "located within South Central Asia", "0le950LvW5o-00006-00001556-00001820": "Afghanistan is bordered by Pakistan in", "0le950LvW5o-00007-00001821-00002000": "the South and East Iran in the West", "0le950LvW5o-00008-00002001-00002300": "Turkmenistan Uzbekistan and Tajikistan", "0le950LvW5o-00009-00002301-00002465": "in the north and in the Far Northeast", "0le950LvW5o-00010-00002466-00002884": "China its territory covers 652 thousand", "0le950LvW5o-00011-00002885-00003179": "square kilometers 252 thousand square", "0le950LvW5o-00012-00003180-00003365": "miles and much of it is covered by the", "0le950LvW5o-00013-00003365-00003533": "Hindukush mountain range which", "0le950LvW5o-00014-00003534-00003818": "experienced very cold winters the north", "0le950LvW5o-00015-00003819-00004015": "consists of fertile plains whilst the", "0le950LvW5o-00016-00004017-00004204": "southwest consists of deserts where", "0le950LvW5o-00017-00004205-00004435": "temperatures can get very hot in summers", "0le950LvW5o-00018-00004436-00004679": "Kabul serves as the capital and its", "0le950LvW5o-00019-00004680-00004988": "largest city human habitation in", "0le950LvW5o-00020-00004989-00005183": "Afghanistan dates back to the Middle", "0le950LvW5o-00021-00005184-00005379": "Paleolithic era in the country s", "0le950LvW5o-00022-00005380-00005633": "strategic location along the Silk Road", "0le950LvW5o-00023-00005634-00005831": "connected it to the cultures of the", "0le950LvW5o-00024-00005832-00006136": "Middle East and other parts of Asia the", "0le950LvW5o-00025-00006137-00006350": "land has historically been home to", "0le950LvW5o-00026-00006351-00006535": "various peoples and has witnessed", "0le950LvW5o-00027-00006536-00006800": "numerous military campaigns including", "0le950LvW5o-00028-00006801-00007039": "those by Alexander the Great moriya's", "0le950LvW5o-00029-00007040-00007394": "Muslim Arabs Mongols British Soviet and", "0le950LvW5o-00030-00007395-00007664": "since 2001 by the United States with", "0le950LvW5o-00031-00007665-00007984": "NATO allied countries it has been called", "0le950LvW5o-00032-00007986-00008183": "unconquered ball and nicknamed the", "0le950LvW5o-00033-00008184-00008483": "graveyard of Empires the land also", "0le950LvW5o-00034-00008484-00008657": "served as the source from which the", "0le950LvW5o-00035-00008658-00008896": "cushions have Delights samanids", "0le950LvW5o-00036-00008897-00009242": "sufferance ghaznavids Goren's calgis", "0le950LvW5o-00037-00009243-00009406": "Mughals attacks", "0le950LvW5o-00038-00009407-00009644": "Durrani's and others have risen to form", "0le950LvW5o-00039-00009645-00009902": "major empires the political history of", "0le950LvW5o-00040-00009903-00010142": "the modern state of Afghanistan began", "0le950LvW5o-00041-00010143-00010355": "with the hodduk and Durrani dynasties in", "0le950LvW5o-00042-00010356-00010696": "the 18th century in the late 19th", "0le950LvW5o-00043-00010697-00010967": "century Afghanistan became a buffer", "0le950LvW5o-00044-00010968-00011183": "state in the great game between British", "0le950LvW5o-00045-00011184-00011510": "India and the Russian Empire its border", "0le950LvW5o-00046-00011511-00011753": "with British India the Durand Line was", "0le950LvW5o-00047-00011754-00012062": "formed in 1893 but it is not recognized", "0le950LvW5o-00048-00012063-00012284": "by the Afghan government and it has led", "0le950LvW5o-00049-00012285-00012445": "to strained relations with Pakistan", "0le950LvW5o-00050-00012446-00012908": "since the latter s independence in 1947", "0le950LvW5o-00051-00012909-00013180": "following the third anglo-afghan war in", "0le950LvW5o-00052-00013181-00013379": "1919 the country was", "0le950LvW5o-00053-00013380-00013588": "of foreign influence eventually becoming", "0le950LvW5o-00054-00013590-00013802": "a monarchy under King Amanullah until", "0le950LvW5o-00055-00013803-00014027": "almost 50 years later when Zahir Shah", "0le950LvW5o-00056-00014028-00014204": "was overthrown and a Republic was", "0le950LvW5o-00057-00014205-00014579": "established in 1978 after a second coup", "0le950LvW5o-00058-00014580-00014810": "Afghanistan first became a socialist", "0le950LvW5o-00059-00014811-00014966": "state and then a Soviet Union", "0le950LvW5o-00060-00014966-00015163": "protectorate this evoke the", "0le950LvW5o-00061-00015165-00015431": "soviet-afghan war in the 1980s against", "0le950LvW5o-00062-00015432-00015794": "Mujahideen rebels by 1996 most of", "0le950LvW5o-00063-00015794-00016028": "Afghanistan was captured by the Islamic", "0le950LvW5o-00064-00016029-00016232": "fundamentalist group the Taliban who", "0le950LvW5o-00065-00016233-00016372": "ruled most of the country as a", "0le950LvW5o-00066-00016374-00016613": "totalitarian regime for over five years", "0le950LvW5o-00067-00016614-00016907": "the Taliban were forcibly removed by the", "0le950LvW5o-00068-00016908-00017084": "nato-led coalition and a new", "0le950LvW5o-00069-00017085-00017264": "democratically elected government", "0le950LvW5o-00070-00017265-00017500": "political structure was formed", "0le950LvW5o-00071-00017501-00017765": "Afghanistan as a unitary presidential", "0le950LvW5o-00072-00017766-00017987": "Islamic Republic with a population of", "0le950LvW5o-00073-00017988-00018263": "3.1 million mostly composed of ethnic", "0le950LvW5o-00074-00018264-00018611": "Pashtuns Tajiks hazaras and Uzbek s-- it", "0le950LvW5o-00075-00018612-00018812": "is a member of the United Nations the", "0le950LvW5o-00076-00018813-00019061": "Organization of Islamic Cooperation the", "0le950LvW5o-00077-00019062-00019327": "group of 77 the Economic Cooperation", "0le950LvW5o-00078-00019328-00019511": "Organization and the non-aligned", "0le950LvW5o-00079-00019512-00019880": "movement Afghanistan s economy is the", "0le950LvW5o-00080-00019881-00020267": "world s 108th largest with a GDP of", "0le950LvW5o-00081-00020268-00020468": "sixty four point zero eight billion", "0le950LvW5o-00082-00020469-00020708": "dollars the country fares much worse in", "0le950LvW5o-00083-00020709-00021076": "terms of per capita GDP PPP ranking", "0le950LvW5o-00084-00021077-00021467": "167th out of 186 countries in a 2016", "0le950LvW5o-00085-00021468-00021659": "report from the International Monetary", "0le950LvW5o-00086-00021660-00021998": "Fund", "0le950LvW5o-00087-00021999-00022530": "topic etymology", "0le950LvW5o-00088-00022531-00022897": "topic the name Afghanistan Pashto", "0le950LvW5o-00089-00022898-00023119": "Afghanistan is believed to be as old as", "0le950LvW5o-00090-00023120-00023317": "the ethnonym Afghan which is documented", "0le950LvW5o-00091-00023318-00023559": "in the 10th century geography book Hooda", "0le950LvW5o-00092-00023560-00023961": "al-alam the root name Afghan was used", "0le950LvW5o-00093-00023962-00024159": "historically in reference to a member of", "0le950LvW5o-00094-00024160-00024424": "the ethnic Pashtuns and the suffix stan", "0le950LvW5o-00095-00024425-00024822": "means place of in Persian therefore", "0le950LvW5o-00096-00024823-00025047": "Afghanistan translates to land of the", "0le950LvW5o-00097-00025048-00025258": "Afghans or more specifically in a", "0le950LvW5o-00098-00025259-00025497": "historical sense to landed the Pashtuns", "0le950LvW5o-00099-00025498-00025762": "however the modern constitution of", "0le950LvW5o-00100-00025763-00026017": "Afghanistan states that tee-hee word", "0le950LvW5o-00101-00026018-00026257": "Afghan shall apply to every citizen of", "0le950LvW5o-00102-00026258-00026740": "Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-00103-00026741-00027244": "topic history", "0le950LvW5o-00104-00027245-00027631": "topic excavations of prehistoric sites", "0le950LvW5o-00105-00027632-00027844": "by Louis Dupree and others suggest that", "0le950LvW5o-00106-00027845-00027997": "humans were living in what is now", "0le950LvW5o-00107-00027998-00028201": "Afghanistan at least fifty thousand", "0le950LvW5o-00108-00028202-00028387": "years ago and that farming communities", "0le950LvW5o-00109-00028388-00028567": "in the area were among the earliest in", "0le950LvW5o-00110-00028568-00028819": "the world an important site of early", "0le950LvW5o-00111-00028820-00028960": "historical activities", "0le950LvW5o-00112-00028961-00029164": "many believe that Afghanistan compares", "0le950LvW5o-00113-00029164-00029356": "to Egypt in terms of the historical", "0le950LvW5o-00114-00029357-00029566": "value of its archaeological sites the", "0le950LvW5o-00115-00029567-00029752": "country sits at a unique nexus point", "0le950LvW5o-00116-00029752-00029929": "where numerous civilizations have", "0le950LvW5o-00117-00029930-00030193": "interacted and often fought it has been", "0le950LvW5o-00118-00030194-00030382": "home to various peoples through the ages", "0le950LvW5o-00119-00030383-00030574": "among them the ancient iranian peoples", "0le950LvW5o-00120-00030575-00030751": "who established the dominant role of", "0le950LvW5o-00121-00030752-00031030": "indo-iranian languages in the region at", "0le950LvW5o-00122-00031031-00031210": "multiple points the land has been", "0le950LvW5o-00123-00031211-00031393": "incorporated within large regional", "0le950LvW5o-00124-00031394-00031618": "empires among them via commanded Empire", "0le950LvW5o-00125-00031619-00031873": "the Macedonian Empire the Indian Maurya", "0le950LvW5o-00126-00031874-00032113": "Empire and the Islamic empire many", "0le950LvW5o-00127-00032114-00032347": "empires and kingdoms have also risen to", "0le950LvW5o-00128-00032348-00032542": "power in Afghanistan such as the", "0le950LvW5o-00129-00032543-00032788": "greco-bactrian Scotians lifts the lights", "0le950LvW5o-00130-00032789-00033028": "kabul shah he's so farad's samanids", "0le950LvW5o-00131-00033029-00033349": "ghaznavids Goren's calgis cards tea", "0le950LvW5o-00132-00033350-00033577": "morons Mughals and finally the hodduk", "0le950LvW5o-00133-00033578-00033766": "and Durrani dynasties that mark the", "0le950LvW5o-00134-00033767-00034229": "political origins of the modern state", "0le950LvW5o-00135-00034230-00034785": "topic pre-islamic period", "0le950LvW5o-00136-00034786-00035178": "topic archaeological exploration done in", "0le950LvW5o-00137-00035179-00035382": "the 20th century suggests that the", "0le950LvW5o-00138-00035383-00035613": "geographical area of Afghanistan has", "0le950LvW5o-00139-00035614-00035808": "been closely connected by culture and", "0le950LvW5o-00140-00035809-00035931": "trade with its neighbors to the east", "0le950LvW5o-00141-00035932-00036261": "west and north artifacts typical of the", "0le950LvW5o-00142-00036262-00036525": "Paleolithic Mesolithic Neolithic bronze", "0le950LvW5o-00143-00036526-00036714": "and iron ages have been found in", "0le950LvW5o-00144-00036715-00037002": "Afghanistan urban civilization is", "0le950LvW5o-00145-00037003-00037236": "believed to have begun as early as 3000", "0le950LvW5o-00146-00037237-00037470": "BCE in the early city of Mundi gackt", "0le950LvW5o-00147-00037471-00037629": "near Kandahar in the south of the", "0le950LvW5o-00148-00037630-00037803": "country may have been a colony of the", "0le950LvW5o-00149-00037804-00038094": "nearby Indus Valley Civilisation more", "0le950LvW5o-00150-00038095-00038280": "recent findings established that the", "0le950LvW5o-00151-00038281-00038490": "Indus Valley Civilisation stretched up", "0le950LvW5o-00152-00038491-00038721": "towards modern-day Afghanistan making", "0le950LvW5o-00153-00038722-00038925": "the ancient civilization today part of", "0le950LvW5o-00154-00038926-00039255": "Pakistan Afghanistan and India in more", "0le950LvW5o-00155-00039256-00039453": "detail it extended from what today is", "0le950LvW5o-00156-00039454-00039693": "northwest Pakistan to Northwest India", "0le950LvW5o-00157-00039694-00039966": "and northeast Afghanistan an Indus", "0le950LvW5o-00158-00039967-00040164": "Valley site has been found on the Oxus", "0le950LvW5o-00159-00040165-00040317": "River at shore to guy in northern", "0le950LvW5o-00160-00040318-00040575": "Afghanistan there are several smaller", "0le950LvW5o-00161-00040576-00040842": "IVC colonies to be found in Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-00162-00040843-00041256": "as well after 2000 BCE successive waves", "0le950LvW5o-00163-00041257-00041478": "of semi-nomadic people from Central Asia", "0le950LvW5o-00164-00041479-00041700": "began moving south into Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-00165-00041701-00041889": "among them were many indo-european", "0le950LvW5o-00166-00041890-00042162": "speaking indo-iranians these tribes", "0le950LvW5o-00167-00042163-00042381": "later migrated further into South Asia", "0le950LvW5o-00168-00042382-00042612": "Western Asia and toward Europe via the", "0le950LvW5o-00169-00042613-00042903": "area north of the Caspian Sea the region", "0le950LvW5o-00170-00042904-00043089": "at the time was referred to as arianna", "0le950LvW5o-00171-00043090-00043335": "the religion zoroastrianism is believed", "0le950LvW5o-00172-00043336-00043512": "by some to have originated in what is", "0le950LvW5o-00173-00043513-00043851": "now Afghanistan between 1800 and 800 BCE", "0le950LvW5o-00174-00043852-00044079": "as its founder Zoroaster is thought to", "0le950LvW5o-00175-00044080-00044337": "have lived and died in bulk ancient", "0le950LvW5o-00176-00044338-00044535": "eastern iranian languages may have been", "0le950LvW5o-00177-00044536-00044721": "spoken in the region around the time of", "0le950LvW5o-00178-00044722-00044997": "the rise of Zoroastrianism by the middle", "0le950LvW5o-00179-00044998-00045261": "of the 6th century BCE the Achaemenids", "0le950LvW5o-00180-00045262-00045450": "overthrew the Medes and incorporated", "0le950LvW5o-00181-00045451-00045687": "Iraq OSHA arya and bactria within its", "0le950LvW5o-00182-00045688-00045957": "eastern boundaries an inscription on the", "0le950LvW5o-00183-00045958-00046158": "tombstone of Darius the first of Persia", "0le950LvW5o-00184-00046159-00046377": "mentions the Kabul Valley in a list of", "0le950LvW5o-00185-00046378-00046565": "the 29 countries that he had conquered", "0le950LvW5o-00186-00046566-00046815": "Alexander the Great and his Macedonian", "0le950LvW5o-00187-00046816-00047070": "forces arrived to Afghanistan in 330 BC", "0le950LvW5o-00188-00047071-00047325": "after defeating Darius the 3rd of Persia", "0le950LvW5o-00189-00047326-00047484": "a year earlier in the Battle of", "0le950LvW5o-00190-00047485-00047760": "Gaugamela following Alexander's brief", "0le950LvW5o-00191-00047761-00047967": "occupation the successor state of the", "0le950LvW5o-00192-00047968-00048141": "Seleucid Empire controlled the", "0le950LvW5o-00193-00048142-00048441": "region until 305 BCE when they gave much", "0le950LvW5o-00194-00048442-00048642": "of it to the Maurya Empire as part of an", "0le950LvW5o-00195-00048643-00048906": "alliance treaty the mauryans controlled", "0le950LvW5o-00196-00048907-00049110": "the area south of the Hindu Kush until", "0le950LvW5o-00197-00049111-00049382": "they were overthrown in about 185 BCE", "0le950LvW5o-00198-00049383-00049680": "their decline began 60 years after", "0le950LvW5o-00199-00049681-00049866": "Ashoka's rule ended leading to the", "0le950LvW5o-00200-00049867-00050022": "Hellenistic reconquest by the", "0le950LvW5o-00201-00050023-00050310": "greco-bactrian 's much of it soon broke", "0le950LvW5o-00202-00050311-00050481": "away from them and became part of the", "0le950LvW5o-00203-00050482-00050712": "indo-greek kingdom they were defeated", "0le950LvW5o-00204-00050713-00050925": "and expelled by the Indo Scythians in", "0le950LvW5o-00205-00050926-00051171": "the late second century BCE during the", "0le950LvW5o-00206-00051172-00051413": "1st century BCE the Parthian Empire", "0le950LvW5o-00207-00051414-00051641": "subjugated the region but lost it to", "0le950LvW5o-00208-00051642-00051903": "their Indo Parthian vassals in the mid", "0le950LvW5o-00209-00051904-00052121": "to late first century CE II the vast", "0le950LvW5o-00210-00052122-00052377": "Kushan Empire centered in Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-00211-00052378-00052599": "became great patrons of Buddhist culture", "0le950LvW5o-00212-00052600-00052766": "making Buddhism flourished throughout", "0le950LvW5o-00213-00052767-00053010": "the region the Kushans were overthrown", "0le950LvW5o-00214-00053011-00053250": "by the sassanids in the 3rd century CE", "0le950LvW5o-00215-00053251-00053457": "II though the Indo sassanids continued", "0le950LvW5o-00216-00053458-00053605": "to rule at least parts of the region", "0le950LvW5o-00217-00053607-00053853": "they were followed by the Kidder IDE who", "0le950LvW5o-00218-00053854-00054041": "in turn were replaced by the hoof the", "0le950LvW5o-00219-00054042-00054333": "lights by the 6th century CE II the", "0le950LvW5o-00220-00054334-00054513": "successors to the cushions and hepta", "0le950LvW5o-00221-00054514-00054696": "lights established a small dynasty", "0le950LvW5o-00222-00054697-00054960": "called Kabul Shahi much of the north", "0le950LvW5o-00223-00054961-00055125": "eastern and southern areas of the", "0le950LvW5o-00224-00055126-00055320": "country remained dominated by Buddhist", "0le950LvW5o-00225-00055321-00055679": "culture", "0le950LvW5o-00226-00055680-00056279": "topic Islamization and Mongol invasion", "0le950LvW5o-00227-00056279-00056641": "topic Arab Muslims brought Islam to", "0le950LvW5o-00228-00056642-00056950": "Herat and Zoran Jin 42c II and began", "0le950LvW5o-00229-00056951-00057128": "spreading eastward some of the native", "0le950LvW5o-00230-00057129-00057329": "inhabitants they encountered accepted it", "0le950LvW5o-00231-00057329-00057560": "while others revolted the land was", "0le950LvW5o-00232-00057561-00057769": "collectively recognized by the Arabs as", "0le950LvW5o-00233-00057770-00057976": "al Hine due to its cultural connection", "0le950LvW5o-00234-00057977-00058241": "with Greater India before Islam was", "0le950LvW5o-00235-00058241-00058426": "introduced people of the region were", "0le950LvW5o-00236-00058427-00058660": "mostly Buddhists and Zoroastrians but", "0le950LvW5o-00237-00058661-00058801": "there were also Surya and Nana", "0le950LvW5o-00238-00058802-00059113": "worshipers Jews and others the Sun bells", "0le950LvW5o-00239-00059114-00059326": "in Kabul Shanti were first conquered in", "0le950LvW5o-00240-00059327-00059581": "870 C II by the safaried Muslims of", "0le950LvW5o-00241-00059582-00059887": "zoran later the samanids extended their", "0le950LvW5o-00242-00059888-00060071": "Islamic influence south of the Hindu", "0le950LvW5o-00243-00060072-00060359": "Kush it is reported that Muslims and", "0le950LvW5o-00244-00060360-00060596": "non-muslims still lived side by side in", "0le950LvW5o-00245-00060597-00060799": "Kabul before the ghaznavids rose to", "0le950LvW5o-00246-00060800-00061016": "power in the 10th century by the 11th", "0le950LvW5o-00247-00061016-00061235": "century Mahmud of Ghazni defeated the", "0le950LvW5o-00248-00061236-00061429": "remaining hindu rulers and effectively", "0le950LvW5o-00249-00061430-00061618": "Islamized the wider region with the", "0le950LvW5o-00250-00061619-00061912": "exception of Kafiristan afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-00251-00061913-00062086": "became one of the main centres in the", "0le950LvW5o-00252-00062087-00062309": "Muslim world during this Islamic Golden", "0le950LvW5o-00253-00062310-00062575": "Age the Ghaznavi dynasty was overthrown", "0le950LvW5o-00254-00062576-00062854": "by the Goron's who expanded and advanced", "0le950LvW5o-00255-00062855-00063168": "the already powerful Islamic empire in", "0le950LvW5o-00256-00063169-00063503": "1219 ad Genghis Khan and his Mongol army", "0le950LvW5o-00257-00063504-00063769": "over and the region his troops are said", "0le950LvW5o-00258-00063770-00063943": "to have annihilated the Khorasan e'en", "0le950LvW5o-00259-00063944-00064132": "cities of Herat and bulk as well as", "0le950LvW5o-00260-00064133-00064378": "Bamiyan the destruction caused by the", "0le950LvW5o-00261-00064379-00064603": "mongols forced many locals to return to", "0le950LvW5o-00262-00064604-00064898": "an agrarian rural society Mongol rule", "0le950LvW5o-00263-00064899-00065068": "continued with the Elkin date in the", "0le950LvW5o-00264-00065069-00065260": "northwest while the khalji dynasty", "0le950LvW5o-00265-00065261-00065455": "administered the Afghan tribal areas", "0le950LvW5o-00266-00065456-00065615": "south of the Hindu Kush until the", "0le950LvW5o-00267-00065616-00065818": "invasion of timur who established the", "0le950LvW5o-00268-00065819-00066238": "timur empire in 1370 in the early 16th", "0le950LvW5o-00269-00066239-00066298": "century", "0le950LvW5o-00270-00066299-00066475": "Babur arrived from fur ganda and", "0le950LvW5o-00271-00066476-00066778": "captured kabul from the argan dynasty in", "0le950LvW5o-00272-00066779-00067066": "1526 he invaded Delhi in India to", "0le950LvW5o-00273-00067067-00067273": "replace the Lodi dynasty with the Mughal", "0le950LvW5o-00274-00067274-00067615": "Empire between the 16th and 18th century", "0le950LvW5o-00275-00067616-00067835": "the Khanate of Bukhara Safavids and", "0le950LvW5o-00276-00067836-00068028": "Mughals ruled parts of the territory", "0le950LvW5o-00277-00068029-00068347": "before the 19th century the northwestern", "0le950LvW5o-00278-00068348-00068557": "area of Afghanistan was referred to by", "0le950LvW5o-00279-00068558-00068857": "the regional name chorus on 2 of the 4", "0le950LvW5o-00280-00068858-00069103": "capitals of Khorasan parrot and bulk are", "0le950LvW5o-00281-00069104-00069310": "now located in Afghanistan while the", "0le950LvW5o-00282-00069311-00069515": "regions of Kandahar Zab you list on", "0le950LvW5o-00283-00069516-00069648": "Ghazni Cabul", "0le950LvW5o-00284-00069649-00069851": "stun an Afghanistan formed the frontier", "0le950LvW5o-00285-00069852-00070333": "between Khorasan and Hindustan", "0le950LvW5o-00286-00070334-00070981": "topic hodduk dynasty and durrani empire", "0le950LvW5o-00287-00070982-00071446": "topic in 1709 mirwais hodduk a local", "0le950LvW5o-00288-00071447-00071650": "goals a tribal leader successfully", "0le950LvW5o-00289-00071651-00071884": "rebelled against the Safavids he", "0le950LvW5o-00290-00071885-00072046": "defeated gergan khan and made", "0le950LvW5o-00291-00072047-00072307": "afghanistan independent Mirwais died of", "0le950LvW5o-00292-00072308-00072568": "a natural cause in 1715 and was", "0le950LvW5o-00293-00072569-00072802": "succeeded by his brother abdul aziz who", "0le950LvW5o-00294-00072803-00072994": "was soon killed by Mirwais son Mahmud", "0le950LvW5o-00295-00072995-00073264": "for treason Mahmud led the Afghan army", "0le950LvW5o-00296-00073265-00073561": "in 1722 to the Persian capital of", "0le950LvW5o-00297-00073562-00073753": "Isfahan captured the city after the", "0le950LvW5o-00298-00073754-00073942": "Battle of Ghul nabad and proclaimed", "0le950LvW5o-00299-00073943-00074200": "himself king of Persia the Afghan", "0le950LvW5o-00300-00074201-00074425": "dynasty was ousted from Persia by nader", "0le950LvW5o-00301-00074426-00074823": "shah after the 1729 battle of dagon in", "0le950LvW5o-00302-00074824-00075133": "1738 nader shah and his forces captured", "0le950LvW5o-00303-00075134-00075391": "kandahar the last hodduk stronghold from", "0le950LvW5o-00304-00075392-00075589": "shah Husein hodduk at which point the", "0le950LvW5o-00305-00075590-00075823": "incarcerated sixteen-year-old ahmad shah", "0le950LvW5o-00306-00075824-00076015": "durrani was freed and made the commander", "0le950LvW5o-00307-00076016-00076279": "of an afghan regiment soon after the", "0le950LvW5o-00308-00076280-00076507": "Persian and Afghan forces invaded India", "0le950LvW5o-00309-00076508-00076867": "by 1747 the Afghans chose Durrani as", "0le950LvW5o-00310-00076868-00077107": "their head of state Durrani and his", "0le950LvW5o-00311-00077108-00077275": "Afghan army conquered much of", "0le950LvW5o-00312-00077276-00077527": "present-day Afghanistan Pakistan the", "0le950LvW5o-00313-00077528-00077737": "Khorasan and coha stone provinces of", "0le950LvW5o-00314-00077738-00078031": "Iran and Delhi in India he defeated the", "0le950LvW5o-00315-00078032-00078238": "Indian Mirada Empire and one of his", "0le950LvW5o-00316-00078239-00078532": "biggest victories was the 1761 Battle of", "0le950LvW5o-00317-00078533-00078991": "Panipat in October 1772 Durrani died of", "0le950LvW5o-00318-00078992-00079198": "a natural cause and was buried at a site", "0le950LvW5o-00319-00079199-00079381": "now adjacent to the shrine of the cloak", "0le950LvW5o-00320-00079382-00079648": "in Kandahar he was succeeded by his son", "0le950LvW5o-00321-00079649-00079903": "timur shah who transferred the capital", "0le950LvW5o-00322-00079904-00080157": "of Afghanistan from Kandahar to Kabul in", "0le950LvW5o-00323-00080158-00080287": "1776", "0le950LvW5o-00324-00080288-00080647": "after Timmers death in 1793 the Durrani", "0le950LvW5o-00325-00080648-00080869": "throne passed down to his son Zaman Shah", "0le950LvW5o-00326-00080870-00081112": "followed by Mahmud Shah Shuja Shah and", "0le950LvW5o-00327-00081113-00081310": "others the Afghan Empire was under", "0le950LvW5o-00328-00081311-00081514": "threat in the early 19th century by the", "0le950LvW5o-00329-00081515-00081694": "Persians in the West and the Sikh Empire", "0le950LvW5o-00330-00081695-00081795": "in the east", "0le950LvW5o-00331-00081796-00082090": "fanta Khan leader of the Barakzai tribe", "0le950LvW5o-00332-00082091-00082288": "had installed 21 of his brothers in", "0le950LvW5o-00333-00082289-00082473": "positions of power throughout the empire", "0le950LvW5o-00334-00082474-00082735": "after his death they rebelled and", "0le950LvW5o-00335-00082736-00082888": "divided up the provinces of the Empire", "0le950LvW5o-00336-00082889-00083170": "between themselves during this turbulent", "0le950LvW5o-00337-00083171-00083440": "period Afghanistan had many temporary", "0le950LvW5o-00338-00083441-00083668": "rulers until dust muhammad khan declared", "0le950LvW5o-00339-00083669-00084004": "himself emir in 1826 the punjab region", "0le950LvW5o-00340-00084005-00084244": "was lost to Ranjit Singh who invaded", "0le950LvW5o-00341-00084245-00084364": "Khyber Pakhtunkhwa", "0le950LvW5o-00342-00084365-00084595": "and in 1834 captured the city of", "0le950LvW5o-00343-00084596-00084951": "Peshawar in 1837 during the Battle of", "0le950LvW5o-00344-00084952-00085165": "jammer it near the Khyber Pass Akbar", "0le950LvW5o-00345-00085166-00085354": "Khan and the Afghan army failed to", "0le950LvW5o-00346-00085355-00085534": "capture the jam Red Fort from the Sikh", "0le950LvW5o-00347-00085535-00085732": "Khalsa army but killed Sikh commander", "0le950LvW5o-00348-00085733-00085834": "Hari Singh Nalwa", "0le950LvW5o-00349-00085835-00086113": "thus ending the Afghan Sikh Wars by this", "0le950LvW5o-00350-00086114-00086299": "time the British were advancing from the", "0le950LvW5o-00351-00086300-00086500": "east in the first major conflict during", "0le950LvW5o-00352-00086501-00087038": "the great game was initiated", "0le950LvW5o-00353-00087039-00087341": "topic British influence an independent", "0le950LvW5o-00354-00087342-00087700": "Kingdom", "0le950LvW5o-00355-00087701-00088117": "topic in 1838 the British marched into", "0le950LvW5o-00356-00088118-00088342": "Afghanistan and arrested dust Mohammed", "0le950LvW5o-00357-00088343-00088531": "sent him into exile in India and", "0le950LvW5o-00358-00088532-00088707": "replaced him with the previous ruler", "0le950LvW5o-00359-00088708-00089001": "Shah Shuja following an uprising the", "0le950LvW5o-00360-00089002-00089254": "1842 retreat from Kabul of British", "0le950LvW5o-00361-00089255-00089449": "Indian forces and the annihilation of", "0le950LvW5o-00362-00089450-00089706": "Elphinstone s army and the Battle of", "0le950LvW5o-00363-00089707-00089937": "Kabul that led to its recapture the", "0le950LvW5o-00364-00089938-00090172": "British placed dust muhammad khan back", "0le950LvW5o-00365-00090173-00090387": "into power and withdrew their military", "0le950LvW5o-00366-00090388-00090807": "forces from Afghanistan in 1878 the", "0le950LvW5o-00367-00090808-00091042": "second anglo-afghan war was fought over", "0le950LvW5o-00368-00091043-00091326": "perceived Russian influence Abdul Rahman", "0le950LvW5o-00369-00091327-00091587": "Khan replaced Ayub Khan and Britain", "0le950LvW5o-00370-00091588-00091942": "gained control of Afghanistan s Foreign", "0le950LvW5o-00371-00091943-00092106": "Relations as part of the Treaty of", "0le950LvW5o-00372-00092107-00092593": "gandamak of 1879 in 1893 Mortimer Durand", "0le950LvW5o-00373-00092594-00092815": "made a mere Abdul Rahman Khan signed a", "0le950LvW5o-00374-00092816-00092968": "controversial agreement in which the", "0le950LvW5o-00375-00092969-00093193": "ethnic Pashtun and Ballack territories", "0le950LvW5o-00376-00093194-00093462": "were divided by the Durand Line this was", "0le950LvW5o-00377-00093463-00093679": "a standard divide and rule policy of the", "0le950LvW5o-00378-00093680-00093819": "British and would lead to strained", "0le950LvW5o-00379-00093820-00094032": "relations especially with the later new", "0le950LvW5o-00380-00094033-00094262": "state of Pakistan shia-dominated", "0le950LvW5o-00381-00094263-00094549": "Hazarajat and pagan Kafiristan remained", "0le950LvW5o-00382-00094550-00094729": "politically independent until being", "0le950LvW5o-00383-00094730-00095031": "conquered by Abdul Rahman Khan in 1891 -", "0le950LvW5o-00384-00095032-00095376": "1896 after the third anglo-afghan war", "0le950LvW5o-00385-00095377-00095566": "and the signing of the Treaty of", "0le950LvW5o-00386-00095567-00095862": "Rawalpindi on the 19th of August 1919", "0le950LvW5o-00387-00095863-00096103": "King Amanullah khan declared afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-00388-00096104-00096300": "a sovereign and fully independent state", "0le950LvW5o-00389-00096301-00096513": "he moved to end his country's", "0le950LvW5o-00390-00096514-00096724": "traditional isolation by establishing", "0le950LvW5o-00391-00096725-00096888": "diplomatic relations with the", "0le950LvW5o-00392-00096889-00097100": "international community and following a", "0le950LvW5o-00393-00097101-00097368": "1927-28 tour of Europe and Turkey", "0le950LvW5o-00394-00097369-00097605": "introduced several reforms intended to", "0le950LvW5o-00395-00097606-00097881": "modernize his nation a key force behind", "0le950LvW5o-00396-00097882-00098100": "these reforms was Mahmud tarzie an", "0le950LvW5o-00397-00098101-00098284": "ardent supporter of the education of", "0le950LvW5o-00398-00098285-00098544": "women he fought for article 68 of", "0le950LvW5o-00399-00098545-00098860": "Afghanistan's 1923 constitution which", "0le950LvW5o-00400-00098861-00099162": "made elementary education compulsory the", "0le950LvW5o-00401-00099163-00099387": "institution of slavery was abolished in", "0le950LvW5o-00402-00099388-00099726": "1923 some of the reforms that were", "0le950LvW5o-00403-00099727-00099925": "actually put in place such as the", "0le950LvW5o-00404-00099926-00100125": "abolition of the traditional burqa for", "0le950LvW5o-00405-00100126-00100285": "women and the opening of a number of", "0le950LvW5o-00406-00100286-00100530": "co-educational schools quickly alienated", "0le950LvW5o-00407-00100531-00100813": "many tribal and religious leaders faced", "0le950LvW5o-00408-00100814-00101011": "with overwhelming armed opposition a", "0le950LvW5o-00409-00101012-00101065": "Manila", "0le950LvW5o-00410-00101066-00101280": "Kahn was forced to abdicate in January", "0le950LvW5o-00411-00101281-00101578": "1929 after Kabul fell to rebel forces", "0le950LvW5o-00412-00101579-00101860": "led by habib allah kaala Connie Prince", "0le950LvW5o-00413-00101861-00102111": "Mohammad nadir Shah a manila's cousin in", "0le950LvW5o-00414-00102112-00102330": "turn defeated and killed kala Connie in", "0le950LvW5o-00415-00102331-00102598": "November 1929 and was declared king", "0le950LvW5o-00416-00102599-00102889": "nadir Shah he abandoned the reforms of a", "0le950LvW5o-00417-00102890-00103102": "manila Khan in favor of a more gradual", "0le950LvW5o-00418-00103103-00103288": "approach to modernization but was", "0le950LvW5o-00419-00103289-00103590": "assassinated in 1933 by Abdul Khaliq a", "0le950LvW5o-00420-00103591-00103929": "15 year old Hazara student Mohammad", "0le950LvW5o-00421-00103930-00104277": "Zahir Shah nadir Shah s 19 year old son", "0le950LvW5o-00422-00104278-00104511": "succeeded to the throne and reigned from", "0le950LvW5o-00423-00104513-00105157": "1933 to 1973 until 1946 Zahir Shah ruled", "0le950LvW5o-00424-00105158-00105364": "with the assistance of his uncle who", "0le950LvW5o-00425-00105365-00105552": "held the post of Prime Minister and", "0le950LvW5o-00426-00105553-00105798": "continued the policies of nadir Shah", "0le950LvW5o-00427-00105799-00106164": "another of Zahir Shah s uncles shah", "0le950LvW5o-00428-00106165-00106409": "mahmud khan became prime minister in", "0le950LvW5o-00429-00106410-00106681": "1946 and began an experiment allowing", "0le950LvW5o-00430-00106682-00106864": "greater political freedom but reversed", "0le950LvW5o-00431-00106865-00107050": "the policy when it went further than he", "0le950LvW5o-00432-00107051-00107413": "expected he was replaced in 1953 by", "0le950LvW5o-00433-00107414-00107644": "Mohammed Daoud Khan the Kings cousin and", "0le950LvW5o-00434-00107645-00107714": "brother-in-law", "0le950LvW5o-00435-00107715-00108013": "Daoud Khan sought a closer relationship", "0le950LvW5o-00436-00108014-00108204": "with the Soviet Union and a more distant", "0le950LvW5o-00437-00108205-00108499": "one towards Pakistan the King built", "0le950LvW5o-00438-00108500-00108690": "close relationships with the Axis powers", "0le950LvW5o-00439-00108691-00108982": "in the 1930s but Afghanistan remained", "0le950LvW5o-00440-00108983-00109189": "neutral and was neither a participant in", "0le950LvW5o-00441-00109190-00109372": "world war 2 nor aligned with either", "0le950LvW5o-00442-00109373-00109596": "power bloc in the Cold War thereafter", "0le950LvW5o-00443-00109597-00109870": "however it was a beneficiary of the", "0le950LvW5o-00444-00109871-00110098": "latter rivalry as both the Soviet Union", "0le950LvW5o-00445-00110099-00110299": "and the United States vied for influence", "0le950LvW5o-00446-00110300-00110506": "by building Afghanistan's main highways", "0le950LvW5o-00447-00110507-00110733": "airports and other vital infrastructure", "0le950LvW5o-00448-00110734-00111076": "on per capita basis Afghanistan received", "0le950LvW5o-00449-00111077-00111271": "more Soviet development aid than any", "0le950LvW5o-00450-00111272-00111577": "other country Afghanistan had therefore", "0le950LvW5o-00451-00111578-00111753": "good relations with both Cold War", "0le950LvW5o-00452-00111754-00112110": "enemies in 1973 while King Zahir Shah", "0le950LvW5o-00453-00112111-00112327": "was on an official overseas visit Daoud", "0le950LvW5o-00454-00112328-00112507": "Khan launched a bloodless coup and", "0le950LvW5o-00455-00112508-00112645": "became the first president of", "0le950LvW5o-00456-00112646-00112740": "Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-00457-00112741-00112993": "abolishing the monarchy in the meantime", "0le950LvW5o-00458-00112994-00113233": "sulfa car Ali Bhutto got neighbouring", "0le950LvW5o-00459-00113233-00113535": "Pakistan involved in Afghanistan some", "0le950LvW5o-00460-00113536-00113743": "experts suggest that Bhutto paved the", "0le950LvW5o-00461-00113744-00114360": "way for the April 1978 soar revolution", "0le950LvW5o-00462-00114361-00114996": "topic PDPA coup d'etat and soviet war", "0le950LvW5o-00463-00114997-00115448": "topic in April 1978 the people s", "0le950LvW5o-00464-00115449-00115775": "Democratic Party of Afghanistan PDP a", "0le950LvW5o-00465-00115776-00116036": "seized power in the soar revolution a", "0le950LvW5o-00466-00116037-00116366": "coup D etat against then President", "0le950LvW5o-00467-00116367-00116658": "Mohammed Daoud Khan the PDP a declared", "0le950LvW5o-00468-00116658-00116837": "the establishment of the Democratic", "0le950LvW5o-00469-00116838-00117048": "Republic of Afghanistan with its first", "0le950LvW5o-00470-00117049-00117344": "president named as nur muhammad taraki", "0le950LvW5o-00471-00117345-00117662": "opposition to PDP a reforms such as its", "0le950LvW5o-00472-00117663-00117843": "land redistribution policy and", "0le950LvW5o-00473-00117844-00118052": "modernization of traditional islamic", "0le950LvW5o-00474-00118053-00118272": "civil and marriage loss led to unrest", "0le950LvW5o-00475-00118273-00118475": "which aggravated - rebellion and revolt", "0le950LvW5o-00476-00118476-00118763": "around october 1978 first in eastern", "0le950LvW5o-00477-00118764-00118974": "afghanistan see initiation of the", "0le950LvW5o-00478-00118975-00119324": "insurgency in Afghanistan 1978 that", "0le950LvW5o-00479-00119325-00119556": "uprising quickly expanded into a civil", "0le950LvW5o-00480-00119557-00119757": "war waged by guerrilla Mujahideen", "0le950LvW5o-00481-00119758-00120026": "against regime forces countrywide the", "0le950LvW5o-00482-00120027-00120215": "Pakistani government provided these", "0le950LvW5o-00483-00120216-00120404": "rebels with covert training centers", "0le950LvW5o-00484-00120405-00120606": "while the Soviet Union sent thousands of", "0le950LvW5o-00485-00120607-00120846": "military advisers to support the PDP a", "0le950LvW5o-00486-00120847-00121286": "regime as early as mid-1979 see CIA", "0le950LvW5o-00487-00121287-00121506": "activities in Afghanistan the United", "0le950LvW5o-00488-00121507-00121700": "States were supporting Afghan mujahideen", "0le950LvW5o-00489-00121701-00122043": "and foreign Afghan Arab fighters through", "0le950LvW5o-00490-00122044-00122312": "Pakistan's isie meanwhile increasing", "0le950LvW5o-00491-00122313-00122483": "friction between the competing factions", "0le950LvW5o-00492-00122484-00122786": "of the PDP a the dominant call can the", "0le950LvW5o-00493-00122787-00123053": "more moderate partum resulted in July", "0le950LvW5o-00494-00123054-00123350": "August 1979 in the dismissal of parch", "0le950LvW5o-00495-00123351-00123551": "Ammi cabinet members and the arrest of", "0le950LvW5o-00496-00123552-00123764": "part Shami military officers under the", "0le950LvW5o-00497-00123765-00124000": "pretext of a par chummy coup in", "0le950LvW5o-00498-00124001-00124358": "September 1979 President Taraki was", "0le950LvW5o-00499-00124359-00124589": "assassinated in a coup within the PDP a", "0le950LvW5o-00500-00124590-00124794": "orchestrated by fellow cult member", "0le950LvW5o-00501-00124795-00124964": "Hafeez allah Amin who assumed the", "0le950LvW5o-00502-00124965-00125223": "presidency the Soviet Union was", "0le950LvW5o-00503-00125224-00125397": "displeased with Emmons government and", "0le950LvW5o-00504-00125398-00125564": "decided to intervene and invade the", "0le950LvW5o-00505-00125565-00125871": "country on the 27th of December 1979", "0le950LvW5o-00506-00125872-00126212": "killing Ameen that same day a Soviet", "0le950LvW5o-00507-00126213-00126519": "organized regime led by Parchin s babrak", "0le950LvW5o-00508-00126520-00126749": "karmal but inclusive of both factions", "0le950LvW5o-00509-00126750-00127033": "parche main conch filled the vacuum", "0le950LvW5o-00510-00127034-00127299": "Soviet troops in more substantial", "0le950LvW5o-00511-00127300-00127484": "numbers were deployed to stabilize", "0le950LvW5o-00512-00127485-00127758": "Afghanistan under carmel and as a result", "0le950LvW5o-00513-00127758-00127991": "the soviets were now directly involved", "0le950LvW5o-00514-00127992-00128177": "in what had been a domestic war in", "0le950LvW5o-00515-00128178-00128298": "afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-00516-00128299-00128565": "Mujahideen against PDP a government", "0le950LvW5o-00517-00128566-00128954": "which war from December 1979 until 1989", "0le950LvW5o-00518-00128955-00129156": "is therefore also known as the", "0le950LvW5o-00519-00129157-00129479": "soviet-afghan war the United States", "0le950LvW5o-00520-00129480-00129734": "supporting the Afghan mujahideen and", "0le950LvW5o-00521-00129735-00129985": "foreign Afghan Arab fighters since", "0le950LvW5o-00522-00129986-00130436": "mid-1979 through Pakistan SSC and Saudi", "0le950LvW5o-00523-00130438-00130634": "Arabia from now on delivered for", "0le950LvW5o-00524-00130635-00130851": "billions in cash and weapons including", "0le950LvW5o-00525-00130852-00131141": "2000 fim-92 stinger surface-to-air", "0le950LvW5o-00526-00131142-00131366": "missiles to Pakistan as support for the", "0le950LvW5o-00527-00131367-00131601": "anti-soviet Mujahideen the PDP a", "0le950LvW5o-00528-00131602-00131847": "prohibited usury declared equality of", "0le950LvW5o-00529-00131848-00132033": "the sexes and introduced women to", "0le950LvW5o-00530-00132034-00132384": "political life during this war from 1979", "0le950LvW5o-00531-00132385-00132702": "until 1989 Soviet forces their Afghan", "0le950LvW5o-00532-00132703-00132939": "proxies and rebels killed between five", "0le950LvW5o-00533-00132940-00133125": "hundred sixty two thousand and two", "0le950LvW5o-00534-00133126-00133362": "million Afghans and displaced about six", "0le950LvW5o-00535-00133363-00133560": "million people who subsequently fled", "0le950LvW5o-00536-00133561-00133814": "Afghanistan mainly to Pakistan and Iran", "0le950LvW5o-00537-00133815-00134115": "many countryside villages were bombed in", "0le950LvW5o-00538-00134116-00134307": "some cities such as Herat and Kandahar", "0le950LvW5o-00539-00134308-00134564": "were also damaged from air bombardment", "0le950LvW5o-00540-00134565-00134870": "Pakistan s Northwest Frontier Province", "0le950LvW5o-00541-00134871-00135111": "functioned as an organizational and", "0le950LvW5o-00542-00135112-00135312": "networking base for the anti-soviet", "0le950LvW5o-00543-00135313-00135660": "Afghan resistance with the province s", "0le950LvW5o-00544-00135661-00135906": "influential deal benda ulama playing a", "0le950LvW5o-00545-00135907-00136104": "major supporting role in promoting the", "0le950LvW5o-00546-00136105-00136440": "jihad meanwhile the central Afghan", "0le950LvW5o-00547-00136441-00136671": "region of Hazarajat which in this period", "0le950LvW5o-00548-00136672-00136914": "was free of Soviet or PDP a government", "0le950LvW5o-00549-00136915-00137124": "presence experienced an internal civil", "0le950LvW5o-00550-00137125-00137493": "war from 1980 to 1984 faced with", "0le950LvW5o-00551-00137494-00137673": "mounting international pressure and", "0le950LvW5o-00552-00137674-00137877": "numerous casualties the Soviets withdrew", "0le950LvW5o-00553-00137878-00138189": "from Afghanistan in 1989 but continued", "0le950LvW5o-00554-00138190-00138381": "to support Afghan President Mohammad", "0le950LvW5o-00555-00138382-00138920": "Najibullah until 1992", "0le950LvW5o-00556-00138921-00139184": "soppec proxy and civil war in Islamic", "0le950LvW5o-00557-00139185-00139770": "Jihad 1989 to 96", "0le950LvW5o-00558-00139771-00140123": "topic Mujahideen Islamic Resistance", "0le950LvW5o-00559-00140124-00140484": "forces in October 1978 see above had", "0le950LvW5o-00560-00140485-00140691": "started a guerrilla or civil war against", "0le950LvW5o-00561-00140692-00140910": "the PDP A's government of Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-00562-00140911-00141291": "after the Soviet invasion December 1979", "0le950LvW5o-00563-00141292-00141555": "replacing one PDP a president for", "0le950LvW5o-00564-00141556-00141801": "another PDP a president the Mujahideen", "0le950LvW5o-00565-00141802-00141981": "proclaimed to be battling the hostile", "0le950LvW5o-00566-00141982-00142306": "PDP a puppet regime", "0le950LvW5o-00567-00142307-00142626": "in 1987 Mohammad Najibullah had become", "0le950LvW5o-00568-00142627-00142834": "Afghan president and after the Soviet", "0le950LvW5o-00569-00142835-00143059": "withdrawal in 1989 he was still", "0le950LvW5o-00570-00143060-00143260": "sponsored by the Soviet Union and fought", "0le950LvW5o-00571-00143261-00143577": "by the Mujahideen President Najibullah", "0le950LvW5o-00572-00143578-00143773": "therefore tried to build support for his", "0le950LvW5o-00573-00143774-00143971": "government by moving away from socialism", "0le950LvW5o-00574-00143972-00144225": "to pan afghan nationalism abolishing the", "0le950LvW5o-00575-00144226-00144397": "one-party state portraying his", "0le950LvW5o-00576-00144398-00144624": "government as Islamic and in 1990", "0le950LvW5o-00577-00144625-00144784": "removing all signs of communism", "0le950LvW5o-00578-00144785-00145014": "nevertheless Najibullah did not win any", "0le950LvW5o-00579-00145015-00145393": "significant support in March 1989 two", "0le950LvW5o-00580-00145394-00145606": "Mujahideen groups launched an attack on", "0le950LvW5o-00581-00145607-00145851": "Jalalabad instigated by the Pakistani", "0le950LvW5o-00582-00145852-00146079": "inter-services intelligence is he who", "0le950LvW5o-00583-00146080-00146274": "wanted to see a Mujahid Deen Islamic", "0le950LvW5o-00584-00146275-00146473": "government established in Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-00585-00146474-00146671": "but the attack failed after three months", "0le950LvW5o-00586-00146672-00146920": "with the dissolution of the Soviet Union", "0le950LvW5o-00587-00146921-00147193": "in December 1991 and the ending of", "0le950LvW5o-00588-00147194-00147418": "Russian support President Najibullah was", "0le950LvW5o-00589-00147419-00147744": "left without foreign aid in March 1991", "0le950LvW5o-00590-00147745-00147985": "Mujahideen forces attacked and conquered", "0le950LvW5o-00591-00147986-00148329": "the city of coast in March 1992", "0le950LvW5o-00592-00148330-00148551": "President Najibullah agreed to step", "0le950LvW5o-00593-00148552-00148747": "aside and make way for a Mujahideen", "0le950LvW5o-00594-00148748-00149068": "coalition government Mujahideen leaders", "0le950LvW5o-00595-00149069-00149313": "came together in Peshawar Pakistan to", "0le950LvW5o-00596-00149314-00149485": "negotiate such a government but", "0le950LvW5o-00597-00149486-00149746": "Mujahideen hezbi islami s leader", "0le950LvW5o-00598-00149747-00150036": "gulbuddin Hekmatyar presumably supported", "0le950LvW5o-00599-00150037-00150278": "by Issy refused to meet other leaders on", "0le950LvW5o-00600-00150279-00150714": "the 16th of april 1992 four Afghani", "0le950LvW5o-00601-00150715-00150939": "government generals ousted President", "0le950LvW5o-00602-00150940-00151241": "Najibullah little later hezbi islami", "0le950LvW5o-00603-00151242-00151618": "invaded Kabul this ignited war in Kabul", "0le950LvW5o-00604-00151619-00151851": "on the 25th of April with rivaling", "0le950LvW5o-00605-00151852-00152074": "groups Jamiat and John bish in which", "0le950LvW5o-00606-00152075-00152347": "soon two more Mujahideen groups mingled", "0le950LvW5o-00607-00152348-00152611": "all groups except Jamiat were supported", "0le950LvW5o-00608-00152612-00152841": "by an Islamic foreign government Saudi", "0le950LvW5o-00609-00152842-00153097": "Arabia Iran whose Bekaa Stan or", "0le950LvW5o-00610-00153098-00153643": "Intelligence Agency Pakistan SSE in 1992", "0le950LvW5o-00611-00153644-00153907": "295 Kabul was heavily bombarded and", "0le950LvW5o-00612-00153908-00154119": "considerably destroyed by hezbi islami", "0le950LvW5o-00613-00154120-00154471": "Jamiat john besh HIC bi wat it and in", "0le950LvW5o-00614-00154472-00154660": "Ahad in that period half a million", "0le950LvW5o-00615-00154661-00155020": "Kabuli fled to Pakistan in January to", "0le950LvW5o-00616-00155021-00155395": "June 1994 25,000 people died in Kabul", "0le950LvW5o-00617-00155396-00155560": "due to fighting between an alliance of", "0le950LvW5o-00618-00155561-00155664": "Dostum", "0le950LvW5o-00619-00155665-00155972": "John Besh with Hekmatyar s hezbi islami", "0le950LvW5o-00620-00155973-00156324": "against Masood Jamiat forces also other", "0le950LvW5o-00621-00156325-00156721": "cities turned into battleground in 1993", "0le950LvW5o-00622-00156722-00157021": "295 some commanders of Jamiat John Besh", "0le950LvW5o-00623-00157022-00157350": "hezbi islami and H izb Iwata descended", "0le950LvW5o-00624-00157351-00157524": "to rape murder and extortion", "0le950LvW5o-00625-00157525-00157921": "the Taliban emerged in September 1994 as", "0le950LvW5o-00626-00157922-00158100": "a movement and militia of Pashtun", "0le950LvW5o-00627-00158101-00158328": "students to leap from Islamic madrassas", "0le950LvW5o-00628-00158329-00158649": "schools in Pakistan pledged to rid", "0le950LvW5o-00629-00158650-00158908": "Afghanistan of warlords and criminals", "0le950LvW5o-00630-00158909-00159220": "and soon had military support from", "0le950LvW5o-00631-00159221-00159568": "Pakistan in November 1994 the Taliban", "0le950LvW5o-00632-00159569-00159771": "took control of kandahar city after", "0le950LvW5o-00633-00159772-00160083": "forcing local Pashtun leaders who had", "0le950LvW5o-00634-00160084-00160322": "tolerated complete lawlessness the", "0le950LvW5o-00635-00160323-00160641": "Taliban in early 1995 attempted to", "0le950LvW5o-00636-00160642-00160815": "capture Kabul but were repelled by", "0le950LvW5o-00637-00160816-00161143": "forces under Massoud Taliban having", "0le950LvW5o-00638-00161144-00161395": "grown stronger in September 1996", "0le950LvW5o-00639-00161396-00161593": "attacked and occupied Kabul after", "0le950LvW5o-00640-00161594-00161760": "Massoud and Hekmatyar had withdrawn", "0le950LvW5o-00641-00161761-00162168": "their troops from Kabul", "0le950LvW5o-00642-00162169-00162441": "topic Taliban emirate and Northern", "0le950LvW5o-00643-00162442-00162810": "Alliance", "0le950LvW5o-00644-00162811-00163284": "topic in late September 1996 the Taliban", "0le950LvW5o-00645-00163285-00163470": "in control of Kabul and most of", "0le950LvW5o-00646-00163471-00163638": "Afghanistan proclaimed their Islamic", "0le950LvW5o-00647-00163639-00163947": "Emirate of Afghanistan they imposed a", "0le950LvW5o-00648-00163948-00164145": "strict form of Sharia similar to that", "0le950LvW5o-00649-00164146-00164302": "found in Saudi Arabia", "0le950LvW5o-00650-00164303-00164547": "according to physicians for Human Rights", "0le950LvW5o-00651-00164548-00164943": "PHR in 1998 no other regime in the world", "0le950LvW5o-00652-00164944-00165183": "has methodically and violently forced", "0le950LvW5o-00653-00165184-00165420": "half of its population into virtual", "0le950LvW5o-00654-00165421-00165645": "house arrest prohibiting them on pain of", "0le950LvW5o-00655-00165646-00165851": "physical punishment from showing their", "0le950LvW5o-00656-00165852-00166076": "faces seeking medical care without a", "0le950LvW5o-00657-00166077-00166415": "male escort or attending school the", "0le950LvW5o-00658-00166416-00166725": "brutality of the Taliban s totalitarian", "0le950LvW5o-00659-00166726-00166968": "regime was comparable to those of Stalin", "0le950LvW5o-00660-00166969-00167240": "s Russia or the Khmer Rouge rule of", "0le950LvW5o-00661-00167241-00167465": "Cambodia after the fall of Kabul to the", "0le950LvW5o-00662-00167466-00167675": "Taliban Massoud and ghost informed the", "0le950LvW5o-00663-00167676-00167949": "Northern Alliance the Taliban defeated", "0le950LvW5o-00664-00167950-00168212": "Dostum s forces during the battles of", "0le950LvW5o-00665-00168213-00168795": "mazar-i-sharif 1997-98 Pakistan s Chief", "0le950LvW5o-00666-00168796-00169004": "of Army Staff pervez musharraf", "0le950LvW5o-00667-00169005-00169236": "began sending thousands of Pakistanis to", "0le950LvW5o-00668-00169237-00169400": "help the Taliban defeat the Northern", "0le950LvW5o-00669-00169401-00169826": "Alliance from 1996 to 2001 the al-qaeda", "0le950LvW5o-00670-00169827-00170039": "network of Osama bin Laden and Ayman", "0le950LvW5o-00671-00170040-00170271": "al-zawahri was also operating inside", "0le950LvW5o-00672-00170272-00170532": "Afghanistan this and the fact that", "0le950LvW5o-00673-00170533-00170745": "around 1 million Afghans were internally", "0le950LvW5o-00674-00170746-00170948": "displaced made the United States worried", "0le950LvW5o-00675-00170949-00171337": "from 1990 to September 2001 around", "0le950LvW5o-00676-00171338-00171597": "400,000 Afghans died in the internal", "0le950LvW5o-00677-00171598-00171843": "mini Wars on the 9th of September 2001", "0le950LvW5o-00678-00171844-00172095": "Massoud was assassinated by two Arab", "0le950LvW5o-00679-00172096-00172323": "suicide attackers in Panjshir province", "0le950LvW5o-00680-00172324-00172596": "of Afghanistan two days later the", "0le950LvW5o-00681-00172597-00172797": "September 11th attacks were carried out", "0le950LvW5o-00682-00172798-00173094": "in the United States the US government", "0le950LvW5o-00683-00173095-00173298": "suspected Osama bin Laden as the", "0le950LvW5o-00684-00173299-00173504": "perpetrator of the attacks and demanded", "0le950LvW5o-00685-00173505-00173666": "that the Taliban hand him over", "0le950LvW5o-00686-00173667-00173925": "the Taliban offered to handover bin", "0le950LvW5o-00687-00173926-00174150": "Laden to a third country for trial but", "0le950LvW5o-00688-00174151-00174416": "not directly to the US Washington", "0le950LvW5o-00689-00174417-00174669": "refused that offer instead the u.s.", "0le950LvW5o-00690-00174670-00174929": "launched the October 2001 Operation", "0le950LvW5o-00691-00174930-00175023": "Enduring Freedom", "0le950LvW5o-00692-00175024-00175284": "the majority of Afghans supported the", "0le950LvW5o-00693-00175285-00175421": "American invasion of their country", "0le950LvW5o-00694-00175422-00175710": "during the initial invasion US and UK", "0le950LvW5o-00695-00175711-00175950": "forces bombed al-qaeda training camps", "0le950LvW5o-00696-00175951-00176199": "the United States began working", "0le950LvW5o-00697-00176200-00176361": "with the Northern Alliance to remove the", "0le950LvW5o-00698-00176362-00176756": "Taliban from power", "0le950LvW5o-00699-00176757-00177404": "topic recent history 2002 present", "0le950LvW5o-00700-00177405-00177863": "topic in December 2001 after the Taliban", "0le950LvW5o-00701-00177864-00178052": "government was overthrown in the Battle", "0le950LvW5o-00702-00178053-00178247": "of Tora Bora the Afghan interim", "0le950LvW5o-00703-00178248-00178460": "administration under hamid karzai was", "0le950LvW5o-00704-00178461-00178673": "formed in which process the Taliban were", "0le950LvW5o-00705-00178674-00179009": "typecast as the bad guys and left out", "0le950LvW5o-00706-00179010-00179193": "the International Security Assistance", "0le950LvW5o-00707-00179194-00179510": "Force ISAF was established by the UN", "0le950LvW5o-00708-00179511-00179699": "Security Council to help assist the", "0le950LvW5o-00709-00179700-00179931": "Karzai administration and provide basic", "0le950LvW5o-00710-00179932-00180251": "security Taliban forces meanwhile began", "0le950LvW5o-00711-00180252-00180468": "regrouping inside Pakistan while more", "0le950LvW5o-00712-00180469-00180701": "coalition troops entered Afghanistan and", "0le950LvW5o-00713-00180702-00180899": "began rebuilding the war-torn country", "0le950LvW5o-00714-00180900-00181109": "shortly after their fall from power the", "0le950LvW5o-00715-00181110-00181325": "Taliban began an insurgency to regain", "0le950LvW5o-00716-00181326-00181601": "control of Afghanistan over the next", "0le950LvW5o-00717-00181602-00181658": "decade", "0le950LvW5o-00718-00181659-00181881": "ISAF and Afghan troops led many", "0le950LvW5o-00719-00181882-00182078": "offensives against the Taliban but", "0le950LvW5o-00720-00182079-00182343": "failed to fully defeat them Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-00721-00182344-00182525": "remains one of the poorest countries in", "0le950LvW5o-00722-00182526-00182699": "the world due to a lack of foreign", "0le950LvW5o-00723-00182700-00182900": "investment government corruption and the", "0le950LvW5o-00724-00182901-00183149": "Taliban insurgency meanwhile the Afghan", "0le950LvW5o-00725-00183150-00183299": "government was able to build some", "0le950LvW5o-00726-00183300-00183491": "democratic structures and the country", "0le950LvW5o-00727-00183492-00183698": "changed its name to the Islamic Republic", "0le950LvW5o-00728-00183699-00183969": "of Afghanistan attempts were made often", "0le950LvW5o-00729-00183970-00184133": "with the support of foreign donor", "0le950LvW5o-00730-00184134-00184313": "countries to improve the country's", "0le950LvW5o-00731-00184314-00184598": "economy health care education transport", "0le950LvW5o-00732-00184599-00184970": "and agriculture ISAF forces also began", "0le950LvW5o-00733-00184971-00185123": "to train the Afghan national security", "0le950LvW5o-00734-00185124-00185588": "forces in the decade following 2002 over", "0le950LvW5o-00735-00185589-00185769": "5 million Afghans were repatriated", "0le950LvW5o-00736-00185770-00185970": "including some who were deported from", "0le950LvW5o-00737-00185971-00186284": "Western countries by 2009 a Taliban led", "0le950LvW5o-00738-00186285-00186491": "shadow government began to form in parts", "0le950LvW5o-00739-00186492-00186821": "of the country in 2010 President Karzai", "0le950LvW5o-00740-00186822-00187028": "attempted to hold peace negotiations", "0le950LvW5o-00741-00187029-00187218": "with the Taliban leaders but the rebel", "0le950LvW5o-00742-00187219-00187494": "group refused to attend until mid 201 5", "0le950LvW5o-00743-00187495-00187731": "when the Taliban supreme leader finally", "0le950LvW5o-00744-00187732-00187901": "decided to back the peace talks after", "0le950LvW5o-00745-00187902-00188195": "the May 2011 death of Osama bin Laden in", "0le950LvW5o-00746-00188196-00188438": "Pakistan many prominent Afghan figures", "0le950LvW5o-00747-00188439-00188702": "were assassinated Afghanistan Pakistan", "0le950LvW5o-00748-00188703-00188975": "border skirmishes intensified and many", "0le950LvW5o-00749-00188976-00189179": "large-scale attacks by the Pakistan", "0le950LvW5o-00750-00189180-00189395": "based Haqqani network also took place", "0le950LvW5o-00751-00189396-00189686": "across Afghanistan the United States", "0le950LvW5o-00752-00189687-00189851": "blamed rogue elements within the", "0le950LvW5o-00753-00189852-00190037": "Pakistani government for the increased", "0le950LvW5o-00754-00190038-00190245": "attacks in September 2014", "0le950LvW5o-00755-00190246-00190460": "Ashraf Ghani became president after the", "0le950LvW5o-00756-00190461-00190726": "2014 presidential election where for the", "0le950LvW5o-00757-00190727-00190894": "first time in Afghanistan's history", "0le950LvW5o-00758-00190895-00191128": "power was democratically transferred on", "0le950LvW5o-00759-00191129-00191437": "the 28th of December 2014", "0le950LvW5o-00760-00191438-00191677": "NATO formally ended ISAF combat", "0le950LvW5o-00761-00191678-00191917": "operations in Afghanistan and officially", "0le950LvW5o-00762-00191918-00192151": "transferred full security responsibility", "0le950LvW5o-00763-00192152-00192298": "to the Afghan government and the", "0le950LvW5o-00764-00192299-00192526": "nato-led operation resolute support was", "0le950LvW5o-00765-00192527-00192700": "formed the same day as a successor to", "0le950LvW5o-00766-00192701-00193045": "ISAF however thousands of NATO troops", "0le950LvW5o-00767-00193046-00193207": "have remained in the country to train", "0le950LvW5o-00768-00193208-00193441": "and advise Afghan government forces and", "0le950LvW5o-00769-00193442-00193591": "continue their fight against the Taliban", "0le950LvW5o-00770-00193592-00193837": "which remains by far the largest single", "0le950LvW5o-00771-00193838-00194005": "group fighting against the Afghan", "0le950LvW5o-00772-00194006-00194260": "government and foreign troops hundreds", "0le950LvW5o-00773-00194261-00194443": "of thousands of insurgents Afghan", "0le950LvW5o-00774-00194444-00194635": "civilians and government forces have", "0le950LvW5o-00775-00194636-00195094": "been made casualty by the war", "0le950LvW5o-00776-00195095-00195623": "topic geography", "0le950LvW5o-00777-00195624-00195971": "topic a landlocked mountainous country", "0le950LvW5o-00778-00195972-00196166": "with planes in the north and southwest", "0le950LvW5o-00779-00196167-00196403": "Afghanistan is located within South Asia", "0le950LvW5o-00780-00196404-00196685": "and Central Asia it is part of the u.s.", "0le950LvW5o-00781-00196686-00196880": "coin greater Middle East Muslim world", "0le950LvW5o-00782-00196881-00197150": "which lies between latitudes 29 degrees", "0le950LvW5o-00783-00197151-00197384": "north and 39 degrees north and longitude", "0le950LvW5o-00784-00197385-00197732": "60 degrees east and 75 degrees east the", "0le950LvW5o-00785-00197733-00197929": "country's highest point is no Shack at", "0le950LvW5o-00786-00197930-00198184": "7400 92 meters", "0le950LvW5o-00787-00198185-00198605": "24500 80 feet above sea level it has a", "0le950LvW5o-00788-00198606-00198806": "continental climate with harsh winters", "0le950LvW5o-00789-00198807-00198998": "in the central highlands the glaciated", "0le950LvW5o-00790-00198999-00199232": "northeast around Nuristan and the Wakhan", "0le950LvW5o-00791-00199233-00199439": "corridor where the average temperature", "0le950LvW5o-00792-00199440-00199679": "in January is below minus 15 degrees", "0le950LvW5o-00793-00199680-00199934": "Celsius five degrees Fahrenheit and hot", "0le950LvW5o-00794-00199935-00200123": "summers in the low-lying areas of the", "0le950LvW5o-00795-00200124-00200315": "system basin of the Southwest the", "0le950LvW5o-00796-00200316-00200519": "Jalalabad basin in the east and the", "0le950LvW5o-00797-00200520-00200759": "Turkestan plains along the AMU River in", "0le950LvW5o-00798-00200760-00200933": "the north where temperatures average", "0le950LvW5o-00799-00200934-00201227": "over 35 degrees Celsius 95 degrees", "0le950LvW5o-00800-00201228-00201290": "Fahrenheit", "0le950LvW5o-00801-00201291-00201593": "in July despite having numerous rivers", "0le950LvW5o-00802-00201594-00201788": "and reservoirs large parts of the", "0le950LvW5o-00803-00201789-00202067": "country are dry the in Doric system", "0le950LvW5o-00804-00202068-00202262": "Basin is one of the driest regions in", "0le950LvW5o-00805-00202263-00202541": "the world aside from the usual rainfall", "0le950LvW5o-00806-00202542-00202754": "Afghanistan receives snow during the", "0le950LvW5o-00807-00202755-00202943": "winter in the Hindu Kush and premiere", "0le950LvW5o-00808-00202944-00203126": "mountains and the melting snow in the", "0le950LvW5o-00809-00203127-00203318": "spring season enters the rivers lakes", "0le950LvW5o-00810-00203319-00203618": "and streams however two thirds of the", "0le950LvW5o-00811-00203619-00203771": "country's water flows into the", "0le950LvW5o-00812-00203772-00203939": "neighboring countries of Iran Pakistan", "0le950LvW5o-00813-00203940-00204263": "and Turkmenistan the state needs more", "0le950LvW5o-00814-00204264-00204467": "than two billion dollars to rehabilitate", "0le950LvW5o-00815-00204468-00204665": "its irrigation system so that the water", "0le950LvW5o-00816-00204666-00204866": "has properly managed the northeastern", "0le950LvW5o-00817-00204867-00205067": "hindu kush mountain range in and around", "0le950LvW5o-00818-00205067-00205280": "the Badakhshan province of afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-00819-00205281-00205511": "is in a geologically active area where", "0le950LvW5o-00820-00205512-00205712": "earthquakes may occur almost every year", "0le950LvW5o-00821-00205713-00205894": "they can be deadly and destructive", "0le950LvW5o-00822-00205896-00206153": "sometimes causing landslides in some", "0le950LvW5o-00823-00206154-00206351": "parts or avalanches during the winter", "0le950LvW5o-00824-00206352-00206698": "the last strong earthquakes were in 1998", "0le950LvW5o-00825-00206700-00206912": "which killed about 6,000 people in", "0le950LvW5o-00826-00206913-00207185": "Badakhshan near tajikistan this was", "0le950LvW5o-00827-00207186-00207383": "followed by the 2002 Hindukush", "0le950LvW5o-00828-00207384-00207667": "earthquakes in which over 150 people", "0le950LvW5o-00829-00207669-00208007": "were killed in over 1,000 injured a 2010", "0le950LvW5o-00830-00208008-00208298": "earthquake left 11 afghans dead over 70", "0le950LvW5o-00831-00208298-00208471": "injured and more than 2,000 houses", "0le950LvW5o-00832-00208473-00208807": "destroyed the country s natural", "0le950LvW5o-00833-00208808-00209004": "resources include coal", "0le950LvW5o-00834-00209005-00209328": "copper iron or lithium uranium rare", "0le950LvW5o-00835-00209329-00209673": "earth elements chromite gold zinc talc", "0le950LvW5o-00836-00209673-00210017": "beright sulfur lead marble precious and", "0le950LvW5o-00837-00210019-00210288": "semi-precious stones natural gas and", "0le950LvW5o-00838-00210289-00210717": "petroleum among other things in 2010 US", "0le950LvW5o-00839-00210717-00210912": "and Afghan government officials", "0le950LvW5o-00840-00210913-00211179": "estimated that untapped mineral deposits", "0le950LvW5o-00841-00211180-00211479": "located in 2007 by the US Geological", "0le950LvW5o-00842-00211480-00211755": "Survey are worth at least one trillion", "0le950LvW5o-00843-00211756-00212202": "dollars at over 650 2230 square", "0le950LvW5o-00844-00212203-00212660": "kilometres 250 1830 square miles", "0le950LvW5o-00845-00212661-00213090": "Afghanistan as the world s 41st largest", "0le950LvW5o-00846-00213091-00213309": "country slightly bigger than France and", "0le950LvW5o-00847-00213310-00213489": "smaller than Burma about the size of", "0le950LvW5o-00848-00213490-00213773": "Texas in the United States it borders", "0le950LvW5o-00849-00213775-00214011": "Pakistan in the South and East Iran in", "0le950LvW5o-00850-00214012-00214263": "the West Turkmenistan Uzbekistan and", "0le950LvW5o-00851-00214264-00214494": "Tajikistan in the north and China in the", "0le950LvW5o-00852-00214494-00214848": "Far East", "0le950LvW5o-00853-00214850-00215384": "topic demographics", "0le950LvW5o-00854-00215385-00215766": "topic the population of Afghanistan was", "0le950LvW5o-00855-00215767-00215951": "estimated at twenty nine point two", "0le950LvW5o-00856-00215952-00216323": "million in 2017 of this 15 million are", "0le950LvW5o-00857-00216324-00216497": "males in fourteen point two million", "0le950LvW5o-00858-00216498-00216827": "females about 22 percent of them are", "0le950LvW5o-00859-00216828-00217049": "urbanite in the remaining 78 percent", "0le950LvW5o-00860-00217050-00217334": "live in rural areas an additional 3", "0le950LvW5o-00861-00217335-00217542": "million or so Afghans are temporarily", "0le950LvW5o-00862-00217542-00217740": "housed in neighboring Pakistan and Iran", "0le950LvW5o-00863-00217741-00217958": "most of whom were born and raised in", "0le950LvW5o-00864-00217959-00218210": "those two countries this makes the total", "0le950LvW5o-00865-00218211-00218492": "Afghan population at around 33 million", "0le950LvW5o-00866-00218494-00218699": "three hundred thirty two thousand twenty", "0le950LvW5o-00867-00218700-00218906": "five and its current growth rate is two", "0le950LvW5o-00868-00218907-00219197": "point three four percent this population", "0le950LvW5o-00869-00219198-00219489": "is expected to reach 82 million by 2050", "0le950LvW5o-00870-00219490-00219695": "if current population trends continue", "0le950LvW5o-00871-00219696-00219860": "the only city with over a million", "0le950LvW5o-00872-00219861-00220164": "residents as its capital Kabul due to a", "0le950LvW5o-00873-00220165-00220344": "lack of census there is no clear", "0le950LvW5o-00874-00220344-00220544": "indication of what the largest cities in", "0le950LvW5o-00875-00220545-00220737": "the country are with various national", "0le950LvW5o-00876-00220738-00220925": "and international estimates and without", "0le950LvW5o-00877-00220926-00221123": "always acknowledging the differentiation", "0le950LvW5o-00878-00221124-00221351": "of city municipalities and urban areas", "0le950LvW5o-00879-00221352-00221660": "that go beyond city limits after Kabul", "0le950LvW5o-00880-00221661-00221876": "the other five large cities are Kandahar", "0le950LvW5o-00881-00221877-00222119": "hair at mazar-i-sharif Kunduz and", "0le950LvW5o-00882-00222120-00222404": "Jalalabad other major cities include", "0le950LvW5o-00883-00222405-00222617": "Lashkar Gah telegin coast", "0le950LvW5o-00884-00222619-00223089": "shiburin and Ghazni", "0le950LvW5o-00885-00223090-00223552": "topic ethnic groups", "0le950LvW5o-00886-00223553-00223909": "topic Afghanistan's population is", "0le950LvW5o-00887-00223910-00224065": "divided into several ethno-linguistic", "0le950LvW5o-00888-00224066-00224275": "groups which are listed in the chart", "0le950LvW5o-00889-00224276-00224592": "below", "0le950LvW5o-00890-00224594-00225133": "topic languages", "0le950LvW5o-00891-00225134-00225496": "topic dari and Pashto are the official", "0le950LvW5o-00892-00225496-00225748": "languages of Afghanistan bilingualism is", "0le950LvW5o-00893-00225748-00226054": "very common dari which is a variety of", "0le950LvW5o-00894-00226055-00226258": "an mutually intelligible with Persian", "0le950LvW5o-00895-00226259-00226564": "and very often called Farsi by some", "0le950LvW5o-00896-00226565-00226767": "Afghans like in Iran functions as the", "0le950LvW5o-00897-00226769-00226971": "lingua franca in Kabul as well as in", "0le950LvW5o-00898-00226973-00227094": "much of the northern and northwestern", "0le950LvW5o-00899-00227096-00227244": "parts of the country", "0le950LvW5o-00900-00227246-00227464": "Pashto is the native tongue of the", "0le950LvW5o-00901-00227465-00227659": "Pashtuns although many of them are also", "0le950LvW5o-00902-00227660-00227871": "fluent in dari while some non Pashtuns", "0le950LvW5o-00903-00227873-00228130": "are fluent in Pashto there are a number", "0le950LvW5o-00904-00228131-00228352": "of smaller regional languages they", "0le950LvW5o-00905-00228353-00228601": "include is Bek Turkmen Balochi Patchi", "0le950LvW5o-00906-00228602-00228946": "and Nuristan e-news Bek Turkmen pachi", "0le950LvW5o-00907-00228946-00229234": "Nuristan II balochi and pamiri declared", "0le950LvW5o-00908-00229235-00229398": "third official in areas where the", "0le950LvW5o-00909-00229400-00229681": "majority speaks them a number of Afghans", "0le950LvW5o-00910-00229682-00229909": "are also fluent in Urdu English and", "0le950LvW5o-00911-00229910-00230380": "other foreign languages", "0le950LvW5o-00912-00230381-00230790": "topic religion", "0le950LvW5o-00913-00230791-00231141": "topic an estimated ninety-nine point", "0le950LvW5o-00914-00231142-00231312": "seven percent of the Afghan population", "0le950LvW5o-00915-00231313-00231573": "is Muslim there has never been a", "0le950LvW5o-00916-00231573-00231776": "nationwide census of any kind in", "0le950LvW5o-00917-00231777-00231974": "Afghanistan so the proportions of", "0le950LvW5o-00918-00231975-00232167": "different religious groups are estimates", "0le950LvW5o-00919-00232167-00232475": "by different organizations thousands of", "0le950LvW5o-00920-00232476-00232694": "Afghan Sikhs and Hindus are also found", "0le950LvW5o-00921-00232696-00232946": "in the major cities there was a small", "0le950LvW5o-00922-00232948-00233183": "Jewish community in Afghanistan who had", "0le950LvW5o-00923-00233184-00233405": "emigrated to Israel in the United States", "0le950LvW5o-00924-00233406-00233633": "by the end of the 20th century at least", "0le950LvW5o-00925-00233634-00233708": "one Jew", "0le950LvW5o-00926-00233709-00233984": "Sablin cement ah've remained there is", "0le950LvW5o-00927-00233985-00234155": "also at least one known Christian", "0le950LvW5o-00928-00234156-00234392": "current first lady of Afghanistan Rula", "0le950LvW5o-00929-00234394-00234588": "Ghani apart from Christian foreigners", "0le950LvW5o-00930-00234589-00234819": "the only Christian Church with a", "0le950LvW5o-00931-00234819-00234956": "noteworthy number of members in", "0le950LvW5o-00932-00234957-00235154": "Afghanistan as the Christian Church", "0le950LvW5o-00933-00235155-00235535": "international", "0le950LvW5o-00934-00235536-00236041": "topic governance", "0le950LvW5o-00935-00236042-00236416": "topic Afghanistan as an Islamic Republic", "0le950LvW5o-00936-00236417-00236628": "consisting of three branches the", "0le950LvW5o-00937-00236629-00236938": "executive legislative and judicial the", "0le950LvW5o-00938-00236939-00237129": "nation is led by President Ashraf Ghani", "0le950LvW5o-00939-00237130-00237402": "with Abdul Rashid Dostum and sour Danish", "0le950LvW5o-00940-00237403-00237664": "as vice presidents Abdullah Abdullah", "0le950LvW5o-00941-00237665-00237873": "serves as the chief executive officer", "0le950LvW5o-00942-00237875-00238176": "CEO the National Assembly as the", "0le950LvW5o-00943-00238177-00238431": "legislature a bicameral body having two", "0le950LvW5o-00944-00238432-00238621": "chambers the house of the people in the", "0le950LvW5o-00945-00238621-00238900": "House of elders the Supreme Court is led", "0le950LvW5o-00946-00238901-00239119": "by Chief Justice said use of hallam the", "0le950LvW5o-00947-00239119-00239325": "former Deputy Minister of Justice for", "0le950LvW5o-00948-00239326-00239523": "legal affairs according to Transparency", "0le950LvW5o-00949-00239523-00239784": "International Afghanistan remains in the", "0le950LvW5o-00950-00239785-00239994": "top most corrupt countries list a", "0le950LvW5o-00951-00239994-00240285": "January 2010 report published by the", "0le950LvW5o-00952-00240286-00240501": "United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime", "0le950LvW5o-00953-00240502-00240717": "revealed that bribery consumed an amount", "0le950LvW5o-00954-00240719-00240978": "equal to 23 percent of the GDP of the", "0le950LvW5o-00955-00240979-00241216": "nation a number of government ministries", "0le950LvW5o-00956-00241217-00241398": "are believed to be rife with corruption", "0le950LvW5o-00957-00241400-00241612": "and while then President Karzai vowed to", "0le950LvW5o-00958-00241613-00241867": "tackle the problem in 2009 by stating", "0le950LvW5o-00959-00241867-00242109": "that individuals who are involved in", "0le950LvW5o-00960-00242110-00242310": "corruption will have no place in the", "0le950LvW5o-00961-00242311-00242614": "government top government officials were", "0le950LvW5o-00962-00242615-00242781": "stealing and misusing hundreds of", "0le950LvW5o-00963-00242782-00242949": "millions of dollars through the kabul", "0le950LvW5o-00964-00242950-00243258": "bank", "0le950LvW5o-00965-00243259-00243809": "topic elections and parties", "0le950LvW5o-00966-00243810-00244205": "topic the 2004 Afghan presidential", "0le950LvW5o-00967-00244206-00244417": "election was relatively peaceful in", "0le950LvW5o-00968-00244419-00244598": "which Hamid Karzai won in the first", "0le950LvW5o-00969-00244598-00244819": "round with fifty five point four percent", "0le950LvW5o-00970-00244821-00244896": "of the votes", "0le950LvW5o-00971-00244898-00245248": "however the 2009 presidential election", "0le950LvW5o-00972-00245250-00245441": "was characterized by lack of security", "0le950LvW5o-00973-00245442-00245639": "low voter turnout and widespread", "0le950LvW5o-00974-00245640-00245915": "electoral fraud the vote along with", "0le950LvW5o-00975-00245916-00246179": "elections for 420 provincial council", "0le950LvW5o-00976-00246180-00246446": "seats took place in August 2009 but", "0le950LvW5o-00977-00246446-00246605": "remained unresolved during a lengthy", "0le950LvW5o-00978-00246606-00246779": "period of vote counting and fraud", "0le950LvW5o-00979-00246780-00247067": "investigation two months later under", "0le950LvW5o-00980-00247067-00247292": "international pressure a second round", "0le950LvW5o-00981-00247292-00247478": "run-off vote between Karzai and", "0le950LvW5o-00982-00247479-00247637": "remaining Challenger Abdullah was", "0le950LvW5o-00983-00247638-00247835": "announced but a few days later Abdullah", "0le950LvW5o-00984-00247836-00248017": "announced that he would not participate", "0le950LvW5o-00985-00248019-00248180": "in the seventh of November runoff", "0le950LvW5o-00986-00248181-00248360": "because his demands for changes in the", "0le950LvW5o-00987-00248361-00248540": "Electoral Commission had not been met", "0le950LvW5o-00988-00248541-00248821": "the next day officials of the Election", "0le950LvW5o-00989-00248823-00248996": "Commission cancelled the runoff and", "0le950LvW5o-00990-00248996-00249206": "declared Hamid Karzai as president for", "0le950LvW5o-00991-00249207-00249440": "another five-year term in the 2005", "0le950LvW5o-00992-00249441-00249653": "parliamentary election among the elected", "0le950LvW5o-00993-00249654-00249911": "officials were former Mujahideen Islamic", "0le950LvW5o-00994-00249912-00250169": "fundamentalists warlords communists", "0le950LvW5o-00995-00250169-00250367": "reformists and several Taliban", "0le950LvW5o-00996-00250367-00250603": "associates in the same period", "0le950LvW5o-00997-00250604-00250808": "Afghanistan reached to the thirtieth", "0le950LvW5o-00998-00250809-00250969": "highest nation in terms of female", "0le950LvW5o-00999-00250971-00251171": "representation in the national assembly", "0le950LvW5o-01000-00251171-00251480": "the last parliamentary election was held", "0le950LvW5o-01001-00251481-00251735": "in September 2010 but due to disputes an", "0le950LvW5o-01002-00251736-00251933": "investigation of fraud the swearing-in", "0le950LvW5o-01003-00251934-00252217": "ceremony took place in late January 2011", "0le950LvW5o-01004-00252217-00252566": "the 2014 presidential election ended", "0le950LvW5o-01005-00252567-00252806": "with Usher of Ghani winning by 56 point", "0le950LvW5o-01006-00252807-00253321": "4 4 percent votes", "0le950LvW5o-01007-00253321-00253780": "administrative divisions", "0le950LvW5o-01008-00253781-00254161": "topic Afghanistan as administrative Lee", "0le950LvW5o-01009-00254162-00254644": "/ liens each province is the size of a", "0le950LvW5o-01010-00254644-00254839": "u.s. county having a governor and a", "0le950LvW5o-01011-00254840-00255115": "Capitol the country is further divided", "0le950LvW5o-01012-00255116-00255334": "into nearly 400 provincial districts", "0le950LvW5o-01013-00255335-00255546": "each of which normally covers a city or", "0le950LvW5o-01014-00255548-00255814": "a number of villages each district is", "0le950LvW5o-01015-00255815-00256111": "represented by a district governor the", "0le950LvW5o-01016-00256112-00256288": "provincial governors are appointed by", "0le950LvW5o-01017-00256289-00256480": "the President of Afghanistan and the", "0le950LvW5o-01018-00256481-00256654": "district governors are selected by the", "0le950LvW5o-01019-00256655-00256906": "provincial governors the provincial", "0le950LvW5o-01020-00256907-00257077": "governors are representatives of the", "0le950LvW5o-01021-00257078-00257244": "central government in Kabul and are", "0le950LvW5o-01022-00257246-00257448": "responsible for all administrative and", "0le950LvW5o-01023-00257450-00257626": "formal issues within their provinces", "0le950LvW5o-01024-00257627-00257902": "there are also provincial councils that", "0le950LvW5o-01025-00257903-00258082": "are elected through direct and general", "0le950LvW5o-01026-00258083-00258373": "elections for a period of four years the", "0le950LvW5o-01027-00258373-00258565": "functions of provincial councils are to", "0le950LvW5o-01028-00258566-00258742": "take part in provincial development", "0le950LvW5o-01029-00258742-00258907": "planning and to participate in the", "0le950LvW5o-01030-00258908-00259060": "monitoring and appraisal of other", "0le950LvW5o-01031-00259061-00259284": "provincial governance institutions", "0le950LvW5o-01032-00259285-00259576": "according to article 140 of the", "0le950LvW5o-01033-00259577-00259792": "Constitution and the presidential decree", "0le950LvW5o-01034-00259792-00260014": "on electoral law mayors of cities should", "0le950LvW5o-01035-00260015-00260173": "be elected through free and direct", "0le950LvW5o-01036-00260173-00260428": "elections for a four-year term however", "0le950LvW5o-01037-00260429-00260689": "due to huge election costs mayoral and", "0le950LvW5o-01038-00260690-00260898": "municipal elections have never been held", "0le950LvW5o-01039-00260898-00261148": "instead mayors have been appointed by", "0le950LvW5o-01040-00261148-00261367": "the government in the capital city of", "0le950LvW5o-01041-00261367-00261415": "Kabul", "0le950LvW5o-01042-00261416-00261601": "the mayor is appointed by the President", "0le950LvW5o-01043-00261602-00261883": "of Afghanistan the following is a list", "0le950LvW5o-01044-00261884-00262159": "of all the 34 provinces in alphabetical", "0le950LvW5o-01045-00262160-00262510": "order", "0le950LvW5o-01046-00262511-00263112": "topic foreign relations and military", "0le950LvW5o-01047-00263113-00263474": "topic Afghanistan became a member of the", "0le950LvW5o-01048-00263475-00263889": "United Nations in 1946 it enjoys cordial", "0le950LvW5o-01049-00263890-00264074": "relations with a number of NATO and", "0le950LvW5o-01050-00264075-00264305": "allied nations particularly the United", "0le950LvW5o-01051-00264306-00264546": "States Canada United Kingdom Germany", "0le950LvW5o-01052-00264547-00264935": "Australia and Turkey in 2012 the United", "0le950LvW5o-01053-00264936-00265146": "States and Afghanistan signed their", "0le950LvW5o-01054-00265147-00265334": "strategic partnership agreement in which", "0le950LvW5o-01055-00265335-00265670": "Afghanistan became a major non-nato Ally", "0le950LvW5o-01056-00265671-00265949": "Afghanistan also has friendly diplomatic", "0le950LvW5o-01057-00265950-00266166": "relations with neighboring China Iran", "0le950LvW5o-01058-00266167-00266469": "Pakistan Tajikistan Turkmenistan and", "0le950LvW5o-01059-00266470-00266678": "Uzbekistan including with regional", "0le950LvW5o-01060-00266679-00266937": "states such as Bangladesh India Japan", "0le950LvW5o-01061-00266938-00267267": "Kazakhstan Nepal Russia South Korea the", "0le950LvW5o-01062-00267268-00267584": "UAE and so forth the Afghan Ministry of", "0le950LvW5o-01063-00267585-00267771": "Foreign Affairs continues to develop", "0le950LvW5o-01064-00267772-00267950": "diplomatic relations with other", "0le950LvW5o-01065-00267951-00268242": "countries around the world the United", "0le950LvW5o-01066-00268243-00268395": "Nations Assistance mission in", "0le950LvW5o-01067-00268396-00268689": "Afghanistan UNAMA was established in", "0le950LvW5o-01068-00268690-00268910": "2002 in order to help the country", "0le950LvW5o-01069-00268911-00269081": "recover from the decades of war and", "0le950LvW5o-01070-00269082-00269378": "neglect today a number of NATO member", "0le950LvW5o-01071-00269379-00269613": "states deploy about 20,000 troops in", "0le950LvW5o-01072-00269614-00269798": "Afghanistan as part of the resolute", "0le950LvW5o-01073-00269799-00270059": "support mission its main purpose is to", "0le950LvW5o-01074-00270060-00270209": "train the Afghan national security", "0le950LvW5o-01075-00270210-00270533": "forces the Afghan armed forces are under", "0le950LvW5o-01076-00270534-00270734": "the Ministry of Defense which includes", "0le950LvW5o-01077-00270735-00270998": "the Afghan Air Force IAF and the Afghan", "0le950LvW5o-01078-00270999-00271293": "National Army ANA the Afghan defense", "0le950LvW5o-01079-00271294-00271529": "university houses various educational", "0le950LvW5o-01080-00271530-00271719": "establishments for the Afghan armed", "0le950LvW5o-01081-00271720-00271938": "forces including the National Military", "0le950LvW5o-01082-00271939-00272364": "Academy of Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-01083-00272365-00272889": "topic law enforcement", "0le950LvW5o-01084-00272890-00273200": "topic the National Directorate of", "0le950LvW5o-01085-00273201-00273567": "security NDS is Afghanistan s domestic", "0le950LvW5o-01086-00273568-00273795": "intelligence agency which operates", "0le950LvW5o-01087-00273796-00274025": "similar to that of the US Department of", "0le950LvW5o-01088-00274026-00274430": "Homeland Security or UK s Scotland Yard", "0le950LvW5o-01089-00274431-00274610": "the Afghan National Police", "0le950LvW5o-01090-00274611-00274848": "ANP is under the Ministry of Interior", "0le950LvW5o-01091-00274849-00275054": "Affairs and serves as a single law", "0le950LvW5o-01092-00275055-00275249": "enforcement agency all across the", "0le950LvW5o-01093-00275250-00275549": "country the Afghan national civil order", "0le950LvW5o-01094-00275550-00275766": "police is the main branch of the ANP", "0le950LvW5o-01095-00275767-00275981": "which is divided into five brigades each", "0le950LvW5o-01096-00275982-00276251": "commanded by a brigadier general these", "0le950LvW5o-01097-00276252-00276485": "brigades are stationed in Kabul guard as", "0le950LvW5o-01098-00276486-00276746": "Kandahar Air Act and mazar-i-sharif", "0le950LvW5o-01099-00276747-00277020": "there is one chief of police in every", "0le950LvW5o-01100-00277021-00277328": "province all parts of Afghanistan are", "0le950LvW5o-01101-00277329-00277523": "considered dangerous due to militant", "0le950LvW5o-01102-00277524-00277706": "activities and terrorism related", "0le950LvW5o-01103-00277707-00277976": "incidents kidnapping for ransom and", "0le950LvW5o-01104-00277977-00278148": "robberies are common in major cities", "0le950LvW5o-01105-00278149-00278429": "every year hundreds of Afghan police are", "0le950LvW5o-01106-00278430-00278684": "killed in the line of duty the Afghan", "0le950LvW5o-01107-00278685-00278766": "border police", "0le950LvW5o-01108-00278767-00279021": "ABP is responsible for protecting the", "0le950LvW5o-01109-00279022-00279222": "nation's airports and borders especially", "0le950LvW5o-01110-00279223-00279473": "the disputed Durand Line border which is", "0le950LvW5o-01111-00279474-00279669": "often used by terrorists and criminals", "0le950LvW5o-01112-00279670-00279935": "for their illegal activities drugs from", "0le950LvW5o-01113-00279936-00280133": "Afghanistan are smuggled to neighboring", "0le950LvW5o-01114-00280134-00280317": "countries by various nationals but", "0le950LvW5o-01115-00280318-00280620": "mostly by Afghans Iranians Pakistanis", "0le950LvW5o-01116-00280621-00280859": "Tajikistan YZ Turkmenistan YZ and his", "0le950LvW5o-01117-00280860-00281129": "beckus danny's the Afghan Ministry of", "0le950LvW5o-01118-00281130-00281351": "counter narcotics is responsible for the", "0le950LvW5o-01119-00281352-00281517": "monitoring and eradication of the", "0le950LvW5o-01120-00281518-00282071": "illegal drug business", "0le950LvW5o-01121-00282072-00282452": "economy", "0le950LvW5o-01122-00282453-00283010": "topic Afghanistan s GDP has around 64", "0le950LvW5o-01123-00283011-00283241": "billion dollars with an exchange rate of", "0le950LvW5o-01124-00283242-00283478": "eighteen point four billion dollars and", "0le950LvW5o-01125-00283479-00283745": "its GDP per capita as two thousand", "0le950LvW5o-01126-00283746-00284042": "dollars despite having one trillion", "0le950LvW5o-01127-00284043-00284294": "dollars or more in mineral deposits it", "0le950LvW5o-01128-00284295-00284474": "remains as one of the least developed", "0le950LvW5o-01129-00284475-00284825": "countries the country imports over six", "0le950LvW5o-01130-00284826-00285035": "billion dollars worth of goods but", "0le950LvW5o-01131-00285036-00285398": "exports only 658 million dollars", "0le950LvW5o-01132-00285399-00285725": "mainly fruits and nuts it has less than", "0le950LvW5o-01133-00285726-00286027": "1.5 billion dollars in external debt", "0le950LvW5o-01134-00286028-00286271": "agricultural production is the backbone", "0le950LvW5o-01135-00286272-00286682": "of Afghanistan s economy the country is", "0le950LvW5o-01136-00286683-00286862": "known for producing some of the finest", "0le950LvW5o-01137-00286863-00287150": "pomegranates grapes apricots melons and", "0le950LvW5o-01138-00287151-00287450": "several other fresh and dry fruits it is", "0le950LvW5o-01139-00287451-00287663": "also known as the world s largest", "0le950LvW5o-01140-00287664-00287981": "producer of opium sources indicate that", "0le950LvW5o-01141-00287982-00288230": "as much as 11 percent or more of the", "0le950LvW5o-01142-00288231-00288554": "nation s economy is derived from the", "0le950LvW5o-01143-00288555-00288863": "cultivation and sale of opium while the", "0le950LvW5o-01144-00288864-00289034": "nation's current account deficit is", "0le950LvW5o-01145-00289035-00289265": "largely financed with donor money only a", "0le950LvW5o-01146-00289266-00289487": "small portion is provided directly to", "0le950LvW5o-01147-00289488-00289709": "the government budget the rest is", "0le950LvW5o-01148-00289710-00289934": "provided to non budgetary expenditure", "0le950LvW5o-01149-00289935-00290135": "and donor designated projects through", "0le950LvW5o-01150-00290136-00290288": "the United Nations system and", "0le950LvW5o-01151-00290289-00290594": "nongovernmental organizations the Afghan", "0le950LvW5o-01152-00290595-00290792": "Ministry of Finance is focusing on", "0le950LvW5o-01153-00290793-00290999": "improved revenue collection and public", "0le950LvW5o-01154-00291000-00291245": "sector expenditure discipline for", "0le950LvW5o-01155-00291246-00291446": "example government revenues increased", "0le950LvW5o-01156-00291447-00291779": "31% to 1.7 billion dollars from March", "0le950LvW5o-01157-00291780-00292199": "2010 to March 2011 da Afghanistan Bank", "0le950LvW5o-01158-00292200-00292391": "serves as the central bank of the nation", "0le950LvW5o-01159-00292392-00292727": "in the Afghani AFN is the national", "0le950LvW5o-01160-00292728-00292928": "currency with an exchange rate of about", "0le950LvW5o-01161-00292929-00293264": "60 Afghan ease to 1 US dollar a number", "0le950LvW5o-01162-00293265-00293477": "of local and foreign banks operate in", "0le950LvW5o-01163-00293478-00293675": "the country including the Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-01164-00293676-00293930": "International Bank new Kabul Bank Azizi", "0le950LvW5o-01165-00293931-00294125": "Bank Pashtun e Bank Standard Chartered", "0le950LvW5o-01166-00294126-00294506": "Bank and the first microfinance bank one", "0le950LvW5o-01167-00294507-00294665": "of the main drivers for the current", "0le950LvW5o-01168-00294666-00294893": "economic recovery as the return of over", "0le950LvW5o-01169-00294894-00295103": "5 million expatriates who brought with", "0le950LvW5o-01170-00295104-00295313": "them fresh energy entrepreneurship and", "0le950LvW5o-01171-00295314-00295469": "wealth creating skills as well as", "0le950LvW5o-01172-00295470-00295749": "much-needed funds to startup businesses", "0le950LvW5o-01173-00295750-00295944": "many Afghans are now involved in", "0le950LvW5o-01174-00295945-00296133": "construction which is one of the largest", "0le950LvW5o-01175-00296134-00296394": "industries in the country some of the", "0le950LvW5o-01176-00296395-00296616": "major national construction projects", "0le950LvW5o-01177-00296617-00296877": "include the 35 billion dollars new Kabul", "0le950LvW5o-01178-00296878-00297087": "city next to the capital the a no Mena", "0le950LvW5o-01179-00297088-00297300": "project in Kandahar and the Gaggia", "0le950LvW5o-01180-00297301-00297609": "manila khan town near Jalalabad similar", "0le950LvW5o-01181-00297610-00297834": "development projects have also begun in", "0le950LvW5o-01182-00297835-00297987": "Herat mazar-e-sharif", "0le950LvW5o-01183-00297988-00298335": "and other cities an estimated 400,000", "0le950LvW5o-01184-00298336-00298536": "people enter the labor market each year", "0le950LvW5o-01185-00298537-00298704": "a number of small companies and", "0le950LvW5o-01186-00298705-00298887": "factories began operating in different", "0le950LvW5o-01187-00298888-00299079": "parts of the country which not only", "0le950LvW5o-01188-00299080-00299259": "provide revenues to the government but", "0le950LvW5o-01189-00299260-00299568": "also create new jobs improvements to the", "0le950LvW5o-01190-00299569-00299751": "business environment have resulted in", "0le950LvW5o-01191-00299752-00299958": "more than one point five billion dollars", "0le950LvW5o-01192-00299959-00300186": "in telecom investment and created more", "0le950LvW5o-01193-00300187-00300618": "than 100,000 jobs since 2003 Afghan rugs", "0le950LvW5o-01194-00300619-00300837": "are becoming popular again allowing many", "0le950LvW5o-01195-00300838-00301023": "carpet dealers around the country to", "0le950LvW5o-01196-00301024-00301335": "hire more workers Afghanistan as a", "0le950LvW5o-01197-00301336-00301767": "member of WTO SAARC eco and OIC", "0le950LvW5o-01198-00301768-00302031": "it holds an observer status in SCO", "0le950LvW5o-01199-00302032-00302310": "foreign ministers alma rasul told the", "0le950LvW5o-01200-00302311-00302601": "media in 2011 that his nation's goal is", "0le950LvW5o-01201-00302602-00302814": "to achieve an Afghan economy whose", "0le950LvW5o-01202-00302815-00303024": "growth is based on trade private", "0le950LvW5o-01203-00303025-00303357": "enterprise and investment experts", "0le950LvW5o-01204-00303358-00303522": "believe that this will revolutionize the", "0le950LvW5o-01205-00303523-00303855": "economy of the region in June 2012 India", "0le950LvW5o-01206-00303856-00304071": "advocated for private investments in the", "0le950LvW5o-01207-00304072-00304272": "resource rich country and the creation", "0le950LvW5o-01208-00304273-00304457": "of a suitable environment therefore", "0le950LvW5o-01209-00304458-00304686": "telecommunications company Roshan is the", "0le950LvW5o-01210-00304687-00304887": "largest private employer in the country", "0le950LvW5o-01211-00304888-00305332": "as of 2014", "0le950LvW5o-01212-00305333-00305746": "topic mining", "0le950LvW5o-01213-00305747-00306178": "topic Michel yo Hanlon of the Brookings", "0le950LvW5o-01214-00306179-00306384": "Institution estimated that if", "0le950LvW5o-01215-00306385-00306640": "Afghanistan generates about 10 billion", "0le950LvW5o-01216-00306641-00306834": "dollars per year from its mineral", "0le950LvW5o-01217-00306835-00307093": "deposits its gross national product", "0le950LvW5o-01218-00307094-00307249": "would double and provide long-term", "0le950LvW5o-01219-00307250-00307533": "funding for Afghan security forces and", "0le950LvW5o-01220-00307534-00307843": "other critical needs the United States", "0le950LvW5o-01221-00307844-00308280": "Geological Survey USGS estimated in 2006", "0le950LvW5o-01222-00308281-00308555": "that northern Afghanistan has an average", "0le950LvW5o-01223-00308556-00308848": "2.9 billion BN barrels", "0le950LvW5o-01224-00308849-00309172": "bbl of crude oil fifteen point seven", "0le950LvW5o-01225-00309173-00309568": "trillion cubic feet 440 B and m3 of", "0le950LvW5o-01226-00309569-00309973": "natural gas and 562 million barrels of", "0le950LvW5o-01227-00309974-00310414": "natural gas liquids in 2011 Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-01228-00310415-00310672": "signed an oil exploration contract with", "0le950LvW5o-01229-00310673-00310944": "China National Petroleum Corporation", "0le950LvW5o-01230-00310945-00311230": "cnpc for the development of three oil", "0le950LvW5o-01231-00311231-00311503": "fields along the AMU Darya River in the", "0le950LvW5o-01232-00311504-00311698": "north the country has significant", "0le950LvW5o-01233-00311699-00312019": "amounts of lithium copper gold coal iron", "0le950LvW5o-01234-00312020-00312343": "ore and other minerals the connection", "0le950LvW5o-01235-00312344-00312595": "carbonatite in Helmand province contains", "0le950LvW5o-01236-00312596-00312960": "1 million metric tons 1 million 100,000", "0le950LvW5o-01237-00312961-00313293": "short tons of rare earth elements in", "0le950LvW5o-01238-00313294-00313612": "2007 a 30 year lease was granted for the", "0le950LvW5o-01239-00313613-00313785": "Aynak copper mine to the China", "0le950LvW5o-01240-00313786-00313983": "metallurgical group for three billion", "0le950LvW5o-01241-00313984-00314215": "dollars making it the biggest foreign", "0le950LvW5o-01242-00314216-00314443": "investment and private business venture", "0le950LvW5o-01243-00314444-00314805": "in Afghanistan s history the state-run", "0le950LvW5o-01244-00314806-00315046": "steel authority of india won the mining", "0le950LvW5o-01245-00315047-00315255": "rights to develop the huge Haj Agha iron", "0le950LvW5o-01246-00315256-00315462": "ore deposit in central Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-01247-00315463-00315745": "government officials estimate that 30", "0le950LvW5o-01248-00315746-00315967": "percent of the country s untapped", "0le950LvW5o-01249-00315968-00316206": "mineral deposits are worth at least 1", "0le950LvW5o-01250-00316207-00316504": "trillion dollars one official asserted", "0le950LvW5o-01251-00316505-00316678": "that this will become the backbone of", "0le950LvW5o-01252-00316679-00316939": "the Afghan economy and a pentagon memo", "0le950LvW5o-01253-00316940-00317188": "stated that Afghanistan could become the", "0le950LvW5o-01254-00317189-00317569": "Saudi Arabia of lithium in a 2011 news", "0le950LvW5o-01255-00317570-00317887": "story the CSM reported the United States", "0le950LvW5o-01256-00317888-00318079": "and other Western nations that have", "0le950LvW5o-01257-00318080-00318241": "borne the brunt of the cost of the", "0le950LvW5o-01258-00318242-00318442": "Afghan war have been conspicuously", "0le950LvW5o-01259-00318443-00318640": "absent from the bidding process on", "0le950LvW5o-01260-00318641-00318799": "Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-01261-00318800-00319087": "s mineral deposits leaving it mostly to", "0le950LvW5o-01262-00319088-00319514": "regional powers", "0le950LvW5o-01263-00319515-00320054": "topic transportation", "0le950LvW5o-01264-00320055-00320419": "topic", "0le950LvW5o-01265-00320420-00320873": "topic air", "0le950LvW5o-01266-00320874-00321259": "topic air transport in Afghanistan is", "0le950LvW5o-01267-00321260-00321488": "provided by the national carrier Ariana", "0le950LvW5o-01268-00321489-00321743": "Afghan Airlines triple-a and by private", "0le950LvW5o-01269-00321744-00321926": "companies such as Afghan jet", "0le950LvW5o-01270-00321927-00322175": "International East horizon Airlines kam", "0le950LvW5o-01271-00322176-00322438": "air premier Airways and Safie Airways", "0le950LvW5o-01272-00322439-00322706": "Airlines from a number of countries also", "0le950LvW5o-01273-00322707-00322856": "provide flights in and out of the", "0le950LvW5o-01274-00322857-00322913": "country", "0le950LvW5o-01275-00322914-00323192": "these include Air India Emirates Gulf", "0le950LvW5o-01276-00323193-00323444": "Air Iran aceman Airlines Pakistan", "0le950LvW5o-01277-00323445-00323632": "International Airlines and Turkish", "0le950LvW5o-01278-00323633-00323900": "Airlines the country has four", "0le950LvW5o-01279-00323901-00324125": "international airports Hamid Karzai", "0le950LvW5o-01280-00324126-00324353": "International Airport formerly Kabul", "0le950LvW5o-01281-00324354-00324535": "International Airport Kandahar", "0le950LvW5o-01282-00324536-00324695": "International Airport Herat", "0le950LvW5o-01283-00324696-00324917": "International Airport and mazar-e-sharif", "0le950LvW5o-01284-00324918-00325175": "International Airport there are also", "0le950LvW5o-01285-00325176-00325394": "around a dozen domestic airports with", "0le950LvW5o-01286-00325395-00325884": "flights to Kabul and other major cities", "0le950LvW5o-01287-00325885-00326351": "topic Rael", "0le950LvW5o-01288-00326352-00326789": "topic as of 2017 the country has three", "0le950LvW5o-01289-00326790-00327122": "rail links one is 75 kilometers 47 miles", "0le950LvW5o-01290-00327123-00327329": "line from mazar-i-sharif to the use", "0le950LvW5o-01291-00327330-00327632": "Becca Stan border a 10 kilometers 6.2", "0le950LvW5o-01292-00327633-00327851": "miles long line from Tora Gandhi to the", "0le950LvW5o-01293-00327852-00328052": "Turkmenistan border where it continues", "0le950LvW5o-01294-00328053-00328268": "as part of Turkmen railways and a short", "0le950LvW5o-01295-00328269-00328433": "link from Akina across the Turkmen", "0le950LvW5o-01296-00328434-00328637": "border to querque which is planned to be", "0le950LvW5o-01297-00328638-00328837": "extended further across Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-01298-00328838-00329102": "these lines are used for freight only", "0le950LvW5o-01299-00329103-00329279": "and there is no passenger service as of", "0le950LvW5o-01300-00329280-00329600": "yet a rail line between COFF Iran and", "0le950LvW5o-01301-00329601-00329834": "Haier at western Afghanistan intended", "0le950LvW5o-01302-00329835-00330041": "for both freight and passengers is under", "0le950LvW5o-01303-00330042-00330215": "construction and due to open in late", "0le950LvW5o-01304-00330216-00330716": "2018 about 125 kilometres 78 miles of", "0le950LvW5o-01305-00330717-00330898": "the line will lie on the Afghan side", "0le950LvW5o-01306-00330899-00331148": "there are various proposals for the", "0le950LvW5o-01307-00331149-00331349": "construction of additional rail lines in", "0le950LvW5o-01308-00331350-00331682": "the country", "0le950LvW5o-01309-00331683-00332166": "topic roads", "0le950LvW5o-01310-00332167-00332550": "topic traveling by bus in Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-01311-00332551-00332726": "remains dangerous due to militant", "0le950LvW5o-01312-00332727-00333015": "activities the buses are usually older", "0le950LvW5o-01313-00333016-00333240": "model mercedes-benz and owned by private", "0le950LvW5o-01314-00333241-00333537": "companies serious traffic accidents are", "0le950LvW5o-01315-00333538-00333728": "common on Afghan roads and highways", "0le950LvW5o-01316-00333729-00333959": "particularly on the Kabul Kandahar and", "0le950LvW5o-01317-00333960-00334137": "the Kabul Jalalabad road newer", "0le950LvW5o-01318-00334138-00334325": "automobiles have recently become more", "0le950LvW5o-01319-00334326-00334521": "widely available after the rebuilding of", "0le950LvW5o-01320-00334522-00334773": "roads and highways they are imported", "0le950LvW5o-01321-00334774-00334938": "from the United Arab Emirates through", "0le950LvW5o-01322-00334939-00335292": "Pakistan and Iran as of 2012 vehicles", "0le950LvW5o-01323-00335293-00335475": "more than ten years old or banned from", "0le950LvW5o-01324-00335476-00335705": "being imported into the country the", "0le950LvW5o-01325-00335706-00335900": "development of the nation's road network", "0le950LvW5o-01326-00335901-00336120": "is a major boost for the economy due to", "0le950LvW5o-01327-00336121-00336380": "trade with neighboring countries postal", "0le950LvW5o-01328-00336381-00336615": "services in Afghanistan are provided by", "0le950LvW5o-01329-00336616-00336816": "the publicly owned Afghan post and", "0le950LvW5o-01330-00336817-00337092": "private companies such as FedEx DHL and", "0le950LvW5o-01331-00337093-00337441": "others", "0le950LvW5o-01332-00337442-00337931": "topic health", "0le950LvW5o-01333-00337932-00338225": "topic according to the Human Development", "0le950LvW5o-01334-00338226-00338525": "Index Afghanistan as the fifteenth least", "0le950LvW5o-01335-00338526-00338759": "developed country in the world the", "0le950LvW5o-01336-00338760-00338993": "average life expectancy is estimated to", "0le950LvW5o-01337-00338994-00339257": "be around 60 years the country s", "0le950LvW5o-01338-00339258-00339676": "maternal mortality rate is 396 deaths", "0le950LvW5o-01339-00339677-00339932": "100,000 live births and its infant", "0le950LvW5o-01340-00339933-00340316": "mortality rate is 66 to 112 point 8", "0le950LvW5o-01341-00340317-00340664": "deaths in every 1000 live births the", "0le950LvW5o-01342-00340665-00340898": "ministry of public health plans to cut", "0le950LvW5o-01343-00340899-00341159": "the infant mortality rate to 400 for", "0le950LvW5o-01344-00341160-00341506": "every 100,000 live births before 2020", "0le950LvW5o-01345-00341507-00341843": "the country has more than 3,000 midwives", "0le950LvW5o-01346-00341844-00342152": "with an additional 300 to 400 being", "0le950LvW5o-01347-00342153-00342389": "trained each year there are over 100", "0le950LvW5o-01348-00342390-00342623": "hospitals in Afghanistan with the most", "0le950LvW5o-01349-00342624-00342836": "advanced treatments being available in", "0le950LvW5o-01350-00342837-00343166": "Kabul the French Medical Institute for", "0le950LvW5o-01351-00343167-00343457": "children and Indira Gandhi children s", "0le950LvW5o-01352-00343458-00343649": "hospital in Kabul are the leading", "0le950LvW5o-01353-00343650-00343928": "children's hospitals in the country some", "0le950LvW5o-01354-00343929-00344117": "of the other main hospitals in Kabul", "0le950LvW5o-01355-00344118-00344318": "include the gem laureate Hospital in the", "0le950LvW5o-01356-00344319-00344525": "under construction Jinnah Hospital in", "0le950LvW5o-01357-00344526-00344828": "spite of all this many Afghans traveled", "0le950LvW5o-01358-00344829-00345017": "to Pakistan and India for advanced", "0le950LvW5o-01359-00345018-00345362": "treatment it was reported in 2006 that", "0le950LvW5o-01360-00345363-00345587": "nearly 60% of the Afghan population", "0le950LvW5o-01361-00345588-00345809": "lives within a two-hour walk of the", "0le950LvW5o-01362-00345810-00346097": "nearest health facility disability rate", "0le950LvW5o-01363-00346098-00346289": "is also high in Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-01364-00346290-00346514": "due to the decades of war it was", "0le950LvW5o-01365-00346515-00346736": "reported recently that about 80,000", "0le950LvW5o-01366-00346737-00346888": "people are missing limbs", "0le950LvW5o-01367-00346889-00347141": "non-governmental charities such as Save", "0le950LvW5o-01368-00347142-00347312": "the Children and maboob as promised", "0le950LvW5o-01369-00347313-00347501": "assist orphans in association with", "0le950LvW5o-01370-00347502-00347807": "governmental structures demographic and", "0le950LvW5o-01371-00347808-00347960": "health surveys is working with the", "0le950LvW5o-01372-00347961-00348128": "Indian Institute of Health Management", "0le950LvW5o-01373-00348129-00348338": "research and others to conduct a survey", "0le950LvW5o-01374-00348339-00348557": "in Afghanistan focusing on maternal", "0le950LvW5o-01375-00348558-00348982": "death among other things", "0le950LvW5o-01376-00348983-00349508": "topic education", "0le950LvW5o-01377-00349509-00349907": "topic education in Afghanistan includes", "0le950LvW5o-01378-00349908-00350147": "k12 in higher education which is", "0le950LvW5o-01379-00350148-00350300": "overseen by the Ministry of Education", "0le950LvW5o-01380-00350301-00350524": "and the Ministry of Higher Education", "0le950LvW5o-01381-00350525-00350837": "there are over 16,000 schools in the", "0le950LvW5o-01382-00350838-00351050": "country and roughly 9 million students", "0le950LvW5o-01383-00351051-00351431": "of this about 60% are males and 40%", "0le950LvW5o-01384-00351432-00351827": "females over 174 thousand students are", "0le950LvW5o-01385-00351828-00351992": "enrolled in different universities", "0le950LvW5o-01386-00351993-00352316": "around the country about 21% of these", "0le950LvW5o-01387-00352317-00352586": "are females former Education Minister", "0le950LvW5o-01388-00352587-00352811": "Ghulam Farouk war doc had stated that", "0le950LvW5o-01389-00352812-00353000": "construction of 8,000 schools is", "0le950LvW5o-01390-00353001-00353186": "required for the remaining children who", "0le950LvW5o-01391-00353187-00353375": "are deprived of formal learning the top", "0le950LvW5o-01392-00353376-00353582": "universities in Afghanistan or the", "0le950LvW5o-01393-00353583-00353870": "American University of Afghanistan a UAF", "0le950LvW5o-01394-00353871-00354134": "followed by Kabul University ku both of", "0le950LvW5o-01395-00354135-00354413": "which are located in Kabul the national", "0le950LvW5o-01396-00354414-00354668": "military academy of afghanistan modeled", "0le950LvW5o-01397-00354669-00354854": "after the United States Military Academy", "0le950LvW5o-01398-00354855-00355115": "at West Point is a four-year military", "0le950LvW5o-01399-00355116-00355316": "development institution dedicated to", "0le950LvW5o-01400-00355317-00355544": "graduating officers for the Afghan Armed", "0le950LvW5o-01401-00355545-00355862": "Forces the Afghan Defence University was", "0le950LvW5o-01402-00355863-00356102": "constructed near carga in Kabul major", "0le950LvW5o-01403-00356103-00356342": "universities outside of Kabul include", "0le950LvW5o-01404-00356343-00356579": "Kandahar University in the South here at", "0le950LvW5o-01405-00356580-00356774": "University in the northwest bulk", "0le950LvW5o-01406-00356775-00357002": "University in Kunduz University in the", "0le950LvW5o-01407-00357003-00357209": "north Nangarhar university and coast", "0le950LvW5o-01408-00357210-00357497": "university in the east the United States", "0le950LvW5o-01409-00357498-00357737": "is building six faculties of education", "0le950LvW5o-01410-00357738-00357923": "and five provincial teacher training", "0le950LvW5o-01411-00357924-00358121": "colleges around the country two large", "0le950LvW5o-01412-00358122-00358337": "secondary schools in Kabul and one", "0le950LvW5o-01413-00358338-00358463": "school in Jalalabad", "0le950LvW5o-01414-00358464-00358625": "the literacy rate of the entire", "0le950LvW5o-01415-00358626-00359030": "population as 38.2% males 52% and", "0le950LvW5o-01416-00359031-00359495": "females 24.2% in 2010 the United States", "0le950LvW5o-01417-00359496-00359699": "began establishing a number of Lincoln", "0le950LvW5o-01418-00359700-00359963": "learning centers in Afghanistan they are", "0le950LvW5o-01419-00359964-00360185": "set up to serve as programming platforms", "0le950LvW5o-01420-00360186-00360335": "offering English language classes", "0le950LvW5o-01421-00360336-00360605": "library facilities programming venues", "0le950LvW5o-01422-00360606-00360839": "internet connectivity and educational", "0le950LvW5o-01423-00360840-00361103": "and other counseling services a goal of", "0le950LvW5o-01424-00361104-00361340": "the program is to reach at least 4000", "0le950LvW5o-01425-00361341-00361534": "Afghan citizens per month per location", "0le950LvW5o-01426-00361535-00361853": "the Afghan National Security Forces are", "0le950LvW5o-01427-00361854-00362069": "provided with mandatory literacy courses", "0le950LvW5o-01428-00362070-00362369": "in addition to this bocce sim sim based", "0le950LvW5o-01429-00362370-00362576": "on the American Sesame Street serves as", "0le950LvW5o-01430-00362577-00362789": "a means to attract Afghan children into", "0le950LvW5o-01431-00362790-00362878": "learning", "0le950LvW5o-01432-00362879-00363199": "in 2017 Kazakhstan launched an official", "0le950LvW5o-01433-00363200-00363433": "development assistance program Oda to", "0le950LvW5o-01434-00363434-00363625": "Afghanistan that involved providing", "0le950LvW5o-01435-00363626-00363814": "training and education to the Afghan", "0le950LvW5o-01436-00363815-00364117": "women in Kazakh universities the project", "0le950LvW5o-01437-00364118-00364273": "aims to strengthen the economic", "0le950LvW5o-01438-00364274-00364447": "independence of Afghan women by", "0le950LvW5o-01439-00364448-00364687": "providing education from Kazakhstan stop", "0le950LvW5o-01440-00364688-00364897": "educational institutions in public", "0le950LvW5o-01441-00364898-00365349": "administration in health care", "0le950LvW5o-01442-00365350-00365853": "topic culture", "0le950LvW5o-01443-00365854-00366231": "topic Afghanistan is mostly a tribal", "0le950LvW5o-01444-00366232-00366414": "society with different regions of the", "0le950LvW5o-01445-00366415-00366672": "country having its own subculture their", "0le950LvW5o-01446-00366673-00366870": "history is traced back to at least the", "0le950LvW5o-01447-00366871-00367140": "time of the Achaemenid Empire in 500 BCE", "0le950LvW5o-01448-00367141-00367425": "in the southern and eastern region the", "0le950LvW5o-01449-00367426-00367587": "people live according to the Pashtun", "0le950LvW5o-01450-00367588-00367821": "culture by following Pashtunwali Pashtun", "0le950LvW5o-01451-00367822-00368106": "way the Pashtuns and Ballack are largely", "0le950LvW5o-01452-00368107-00368286": "connected to the culture of south asia", "0le950LvW5o-01453-00368287-00368559": "the remaining Afghans are culturally", "0le950LvW5o-01454-00368560-00368826": "Persian and Turkic some non Pashtuns who", "0le950LvW5o-01455-00368827-00369018": "live in proximity with Pashtuns have", "0le950LvW5o-01456-00369019-00369228": "adopted Pashtunwali in a process called", "0le950LvW5o-01457-00369229-00369462": "Pashtun ization while some Pashtuns have", "0le950LvW5o-01458-00369463-00369699": "been persian eyes those who have lived", "0le950LvW5o-01459-00369700-00369888": "in Pakistan and Iran over the last", "0le950LvW5o-01460-00369889-00370023": "thirty years have been further", "0le950LvW5o-01461-00370024-00370194": "influenced by the cultures of those", "0le950LvW5o-01462-00370195-00370467": "neighbouring nations Afghans are", "0le950LvW5o-01463-00370468-00370656": "regarded with mingled apprehension and", "0le950LvW5o-01464-00370657-00370833": "condescension for their high regard for", "0le950LvW5o-01465-00370834-00371049": "personal honour for their tribal loyalty", "0le950LvW5o-01466-00371050-00371220": "and for their readiness to use force to", "0le950LvW5o-01467-00371221-00371514": "settle disputes as tribal warfare and", "0le950LvW5o-01468-00371515-00371691": "internecine feuding has been one of", "0le950LvW5o-01469-00371692-00371859": "their chief occupations since time", "0le950LvW5o-01470-00371860-00372069": "immemorial this individualistic trait", "0le950LvW5o-01471-00372070-00372237": "has made it difficult for foreigners to", "0le950LvW5o-01472-00372238-00372510": "conquer them one writer considers the", "0le950LvW5o-01473-00372511-00372678": "tribal system to be the best way of", "0le950LvW5o-01474-00372679-00372903": "organising large groups of people in a", "0le950LvW5o-01475-00372904-00373113": "country that is geographically difficult", "0le950LvW5o-01476-00373114-00373266": "and in a society that from a", "0le950LvW5o-01477-00373267-00373455": "materialistic point of view has an", "0le950LvW5o-01478-00373456-00373617": "uncomplicated lifestyle", "0le950LvW5o-01479-00373618-00373887": "there are various Afghan tribes and an", "0le950LvW5o-01480-00373888-00374097": "estimated two to three million nomads", "0le950LvW5o-01481-00374098-00374313": "the nation has a complex history that", "0le950LvW5o-01482-00374314-00374460": "has survived either in its current", "0le950LvW5o-01483-00374461-00374634": "cultures or in the form of various", "0le950LvW5o-01484-00374635-00374940": "languages and monuments however many of", "0le950LvW5o-01485-00374941-00375138": "its historic monuments have been damaged", "0le950LvW5o-01486-00375139-00375429": "in modern times the two famous Buddha's", "0le950LvW5o-01487-00375430-00375600": "of Bamiyan were destroyed by the Taliban", "0le950LvW5o-01488-00375601-00375927": "who regarded them as idolatrous despite", "0le950LvW5o-01489-00375928-00376128": "that archaeologists are still finding", "0le950LvW5o-01490-00376129-00376308": "Buddhist relics in different parts of", "0le950LvW5o-01491-00376309-00376503": "the country some of them dating back to", "0le950LvW5o-01492-00376504-00376773": "the second century this indicates that", "0le950LvW5o-01493-00376774-00376989": "Buddhism was widespread in Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-01494-00376990-00377238": "other historical places include the", "0le950LvW5o-01495-00377239-00377463": "cities of here at Kandahar Ghazni", "0le950LvW5o-01496-00377464-00377748": "mazar-i-sharif and Zhu Rongji the", "0le950LvW5o-01497-00377749-00377949": "minaret of jam in the hary river valley", "0le950LvW5o-01498-00377950-00378267": "as a unesco world heritage site a cloak", "0le950LvW5o-01499-00378268-00378444": "reputedly worn by Islam's Prophet", "0le950LvW5o-01500-00378445-00378657": "Muhammad as kept inside the shrine of", "0le950LvW5o-01501-00378658-00378894": "the cloak in Kandahar a city founded by", "0le950LvW5o-01502-00378895-00379083": "Alexander in the first capital of", "0le950LvW5o-01503-00379084-00379218": "Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-01504-00379219-00379449": "the citadel of alexander in the western", "0le950LvW5o-01505-00379450-00379652": "city of Herat has been renovated in", "0le950LvW5o-01506-00379653-00379869": "recent years and as a popular attraction", "0le950LvW5o-01507-00379870-00380112": "for tourists in the north of the country", "0le950LvW5o-01508-00380113-00380349": "as the shrine of ali believed by many to", "0le950LvW5o-01509-00380350-00380627": "be the location where ali was buried the", "0le950LvW5o-01510-00380628-00380838": "national museum of afghanistan is", "0le950LvW5o-01511-00380839-00381214": "located in kabul", "0le950LvW5o-01512-00381215-00381772": "topic media and entertainment", "0le950LvW5o-01513-00381773-00382231": "topic Afghanistan has around 150 radio", "0le950LvW5o-01514-00382232-00382489": "stations and over 50 television stations", "0le950LvW5o-01515-00382490-00382735": "which includes the state-owned rt8 TV", "0le950LvW5o-01516-00382736-00382912": "and various private channels such as", "0le950LvW5o-01517-00382913-00383248": "Tolo and Shamshad TV the first Afghan", "0le950LvW5o-01518-00383249-00383509": "newspaper was published in 1906 and", "0le950LvW5o-01519-00383510-00383647": "there are hundreds of print outlets", "0le950LvW5o-01520-00383648-00383986": "today by the 1920s radio Kabul was", "0le950LvW5o-01521-00383987-00384234": "broadcasting local radio services", "0le950LvW5o-01522-00384235-00384478": "television programs began airing in the", "0le950LvW5o-01523-00384479-00384862": "early 1970s Voice of America BBC and", "0le950LvW5o-01524-00384863-00385176": "Radio Free europe/radio Liberty rfe/rl", "0le950LvW5o-01525-00385177-00385420": "broadcast in both of Afghanistan's", "0le950LvW5o-01526-00385421-00385765": "official languages since 2002", "0le950LvW5o-01527-00385766-00385942": "press restrictions have been gradually", "0le950LvW5o-01528-00385943-00386181": "relaxed in private media diversified", "0le950LvW5o-01529-00386182-00386437": "freedom of expression and the press has", "0le950LvW5o-01530-00386438-00386701": "promoted in the 2004 Constitution and", "0le950LvW5o-01531-00386702-00386890": "censorship is banned all though defaming", "0le950LvW5o-01532-00386891-00387103": "individuals are producing material", "0le950LvW5o-01533-00387104-00387316": "contrary to the principles of Islam is", "0le950LvW5o-01534-00387317-00387586": "prohibited the afghan government cited", "0le950LvW5o-01535-00387587-00387781": "the growth in the media sector as one of", "0le950LvW5o-01536-00387782-00388120": "its achievements in 2017 Reporters", "0le950LvW5o-01537-00388121-00388414": "Without Borders ranked Afghanistan 120th", "0le950LvW5o-01538-00388415-00388669": "in the Press Freedom Index out of 180", "0le950LvW5o-01539-00388670-00388864": "countries a better rating than all its", "0le950LvW5o-01540-00388865-00389107": "neighbours according to freedom of the", "0le950LvW5o-01541-00389108-00389440": "press as of 2015 Afghanistan --is partly", "0le950LvW5o-01542-00389441-00389716": "free whereas most countries in Asia are", "0le950LvW5o-01543-00389717-00389931": "not free", "0le950LvW5o-01544-00389932-00390156": "the city of Kabul has been home to many", "0le950LvW5o-01545-00390157-00390342": "musicians who were masters of both", "0le950LvW5o-01546-00390343-00390584": "traditional and modern Afghan music", "0le950LvW5o-01547-00390585-00390834": "traditional music is especially popular", "0le950LvW5o-01548-00390835-00391068": "during the nura's new year and national", "0le950LvW5o-01549-00391069-00391356": "independence day celebrations ahmad", "0le950LvW5o-01550-00391357-00391593": "zahir nash Eanes hosted Sarah Haines", "0le950LvW5o-01551-00391594-00391884": "sahrvin ubaidullah Jan Farhad Darya and", "0le950LvW5o-01552-00391885-00392070": "Nagma are some of the notable Afghan", "0le950LvW5o-01553-00392071-00392273": "musicians but there are many others", "0le950LvW5o-01554-00392274-00392496": "Afghans have long been accustomed to", "0le950LvW5o-01555-00392497-00392688": "watching Indian Bollywood films and", "0le950LvW5o-01556-00392689-00392940": "listening to its filmy songs many", "0le950LvW5o-01557-00392941-00393138": "Bollywood film stars have roots in", "0le950LvW5o-01558-00393139-00393408": "Afghanistan including Salman Khan Saif", "0le950LvW5o-01559-00393409-00393741": "Ali Khan Shah Rukh Khan SRK Aamir Khan", "0le950LvW5o-01560-00393742-00394020": "Feroz Khan Kader Khan Naseeruddin Shah", "0le950LvW5o-01561-00394021-00394284": "Zarine Khan Celina Jaitley and a number", "0le950LvW5o-01562-00394285-00394578": "of others several Bollywood films have", "0le950LvW5o-01563-00394579-00394767": "been shot inside Afghanistan including", "0le950LvW5o-01564-00394768-00395019": "dharmatma khuda gawah escape from", "0le950LvW5o-01565-00395020-00395525": "Taliban and Kabul Express", "0le950LvW5o-01566-00395526-00395984": "topic communication", "0le950LvW5o-01567-00395985-00396347": "topic telecommunication services in", "0le950LvW5o-01568-00396348-00396554": "Afghanistan are provided by Afghan", "0le950LvW5o-01569-00396555-00396806": "Telecom Afghan wireless at ISA lat", "0le950LvW5o-01570-00396807-00397079": "mountain group and Roshan the country", "0le950LvW5o-01571-00397080-00397265": "uses its own space satellite called", "0le950LvW5o-01572-00397266-00397496": "Afghan SAP one which provides services", "0le950LvW5o-01573-00397497-00397670": "to millions of phone internet and", "0le950LvW5o-01574-00397671-00398012": "television subscribers by 2001 following", "0le950LvW5o-01575-00398013-00398264": "years of civil war telecommunications", "0le950LvW5o-01576-00398265-00398489": "was virtually a non-existent sector but", "0le950LvW5o-01577-00398490-00398735": "by 2016 it had grown to a two billion", "0le950LvW5o-01578-00398736-00398990": "dollars industry with 22 million mobile", "0le950LvW5o-01579-00398991-00399218": "phone subscribers and 5 million Internet", "0le950LvW5o-01580-00399219-00399514": "users the sector employs at least", "0le950LvW5o-01581-00399515-00400040": "120,000 people nationwide", "0le950LvW5o-01582-00400041-00400471": "topic cuisine", "0le950LvW5o-01583-00400472-00400846": "topic Afghanistan has a wide varying", "0le950LvW5o-01584-00400847-00401034": "landscape allowing for many different", "0le950LvW5o-01585-00401035-00401355": "crops Afghan food is largely based upon", "0le950LvW5o-01586-00401356-00401596": "cereals like wheat maize barley and rice", "0le950LvW5o-01587-00401597-00401890": "which are the nation's chief crops fresh", "0le950LvW5o-01588-00401891-00402088": "and dried fruits as the most important", "0le950LvW5o-01589-00402089-00402400": "part of Afghan diet Afghanistan is well", "0le950LvW5o-01590-00402401-00402576": "known for its fine fruits especially", "0le950LvW5o-01591-00402577-00402847": "pomegranates grapes and its extra sweet", "0le950LvW5o-01592-00402848-00403243": "jumbo sized melons", "0le950LvW5o-01593-00403244-00403727": "topic poetry", "0le950LvW5o-01594-00403728-00404123": "topic classic Persian and Pashto poetry", "0le950LvW5o-01595-00404124-00404353": "are a cherished part of Afghan culture", "0le950LvW5o-01596-00404354-00404633": "Thursday's are traditionally poetry", "0le950LvW5o-01597-00404634-00404876": "night in the city of Herat when men", "0le950LvW5o-01598-00404877-00405083": "women and children gather and recite", "0le950LvW5o-01599-00405084-00405401": "both ancient and modern poems poetry has", "0le950LvW5o-01600-00405402-00405611": "always been one of the major educational", "0le950LvW5o-01601-00405612-00405785": "pillars in the region to the level that", "0le950LvW5o-01602-00405786-00405991": "it has integrated itself into culture", "0le950LvW5o-01603-00405992-00406301": "some notable poets include Rumi rabiya", "0le950LvW5o-01604-00406302-00406580": "balky Sanai Jamie crucial Khan Khattak", "0le950LvW5o-01605-00406581-00406835": "Rahman Baba callaloo like a lily and", "0le950LvW5o-01606-00406836-00407212": "parween Pak", "0le950LvW5o-01607-00407213-00407692": "topic sports", "0le950LvW5o-01608-00407693-00408115": "topic Afghanistan s sports teams are", "0le950LvW5o-01609-00408116-00408337": "increasingly celebrating titles at", "0le950LvW5o-01610-00408338-00408652": "international events its basketball team", "0le950LvW5o-01611-00408653-00408877": "won the first team sports title at the", "0le950LvW5o-01612-00408878-00409267": "2010 South Asian Games later that year", "0le950LvW5o-01613-00409268-00409564": "the country s cricket team followed as", "0le950LvW5o-01614-00409565-00409813": "it won the 2009-10 ICC Intercontinental", "0le950LvW5o-01615-00409814-00410307": "Cup in 2012 the country s 3x3 basketball", "0le950LvW5o-01616-00410308-00410626": "team won the gold medal at the 2012", "0le950LvW5o-01617-00410627-00411142": "Asian beach games in 2013 Afghanistan s", "0le950LvW5o-01618-00411143-00411337": "football team followed as it won the", "0le950LvW5o-01619-00411338-00411607": "SAFF Championship cricket and", "0le950LvW5o-01620-00411608-00411784": "Association football are the most", "0le950LvW5o-01621-00411785-00412078": "popular sports in the country the Afghan", "0le950LvW5o-01622-00412079-00412279": "national cricket team which was formed", "0le950LvW5o-01623-00412280-00412492": "in the last decade participated in the", "0le950LvW5o-01624-00412493-00412921": "2009 ICC World Cup qualifier 2010 ICC", "0le950LvW5o-01625-00412922-00413128": "World Cricket League Division 1 in the", "0le950LvW5o-01626-00413129-00413532": "2010 ICC World twenty20 it won the ACC", "0le950LvW5o-01627-00413533-00414039": "twenty20 Cup in 2007 2009 2011 and 2013", "0le950LvW5o-01628-00414039-00414307": "the team eventually made it to play in", "0le950LvW5o-01629-00414308-00414583": "the 2015 Cricket World Cup the", "0le950LvW5o-01630-00414584-00414862": "Afghanistan cricket board ACB is the", "0le950LvW5o-01631-00414863-00415057": "official governing body of the sport and", "0le950LvW5o-01632-00415058-00415342": "is headquartered in Kabul the Ilocos a", "0le950LvW5o-01633-00415343-00415497": "Kabul International Cricket Ground", "0le950LvW5o-01634-00415499-00415702": "serves as the nation's main cricket", "0le950LvW5o-01635-00415703-00415921": "stadium there are a number of other", "0le950LvW5o-01636-00415922-00416074": "stadiums throughout the country", "0le950LvW5o-01637-00416075-00416257": "including the gazia Manila Khan", "0le950LvW5o-01638-00416258-00416434": "international cricket stadium near", "0le950LvW5o-01639-00416435-00416716": "Jalalabad domestically cricket is played", "0le950LvW5o-01640-00416717-00416958": "between teams from different provinces", "0le950LvW5o-01641-00416959-00417268": "the Afghanistan national football team", "0le950LvW5o-01642-00417268-00417388": "has been competing in international", "0le950LvW5o-01643-00417389-00417802": "football since 1941 the national team", "0le950LvW5o-01644-00417803-00417976": "plays its home games at the Ghazi", "0le950LvW5o-01645-00417977-00418177": "stadium in Kabul while football in", "0le950LvW5o-01646-00418178-00418330": "Afghanistan is governed by the", "0le950LvW5o-01647-00418331-00418612": "Afghanistan Football Federation the", "0le950LvW5o-01648-00418613-00418816": "national team has never competed or", "0le950LvW5o-01649-00418817-00419029": "qualified for the FIFA World Cup but has", "0le950LvW5o-01650-00419030-00419224": "recently won an international football", "0le950LvW5o-01651-00419225-00419557": "trophy in 2013 the country also has a", "0le950LvW5o-01652-00419558-00419776": "national team in the sport of futsal a", "0le950LvW5o-01653-00419777-00420100": "five-a-side variation of football other", "0le950LvW5o-01654-00420101-00420346": "popular sports in Afghanistan include", "0le950LvW5o-01655-00420347-00420595": "basketball volleyball Taekwondo and", "0le950LvW5o-01656-00420596-00420895": "bodybuilding Buzkashi is a traditional", "0le950LvW5o-01657-00420896-00421106": "sport mainly among the northern at", "0le950LvW5o-01658-00421107-00421382": "it is similar to polo played by Horseman", "0le950LvW5o-01659-00421383-00421583": "in two teams each trying to grab and", "0le950LvW5o-01660-00421584-00421871": "hold a goat carcass the Afghan hound a", "0le950LvW5o-01661-00421872-00422063": "type of running dog originated in", "0le950LvW5o-01662-00422064-00422279": "Afghanistan and was originally used in", "0le950LvW5o-01663-00422280-00422620": "hunting", "0le950LvW5o-01664-00422621-00423141": "topic see also", "0le950LvW5o-01665-00423142-00423645": "topic bibliography of Afghanistan index", "0le950LvW5o-01666-00423646-00423987": "of Afghanistan related articles outline", "0le950LvW5o-01667-00423988-00424379": "of Afghanistan", "0le950LvW5o-01668-00424380-00424916": "topic notes", "0le950LvW5o-01669-00424917-00425306": "topic", "0le950LvW5o-01670-00425307-00425816": "topic references", "0le950LvW5o-01671-00425817-00426214": "topic", "0le950LvW5o-01672-00426214-00426723": "topic further reading", "0le950LvW5o-01673-00426724-00427403": "topic books articles", "0le950LvW5o-01674-00427404-00427958": "topic external links", "0le950LvW5o-01675-00427959-00428351": "topic office of the President", "0le950LvW5o-01676-00428352-00428708": "Afghanistan the World Factbook Central", "0le950LvW5o-01677-00428709-00428953": "Intelligence Agency", "0le950LvW5o-01678-00428954-00429212": "Afghanistan web resources provided by", "0le950LvW5o-01679-00429213-00429410": "gov pubs at the University of Colorado", "0le950LvW5o-01680-00429410-00429847": "Boulder Libraries Afghanistan at Curley", "0le950LvW5o-01681-00429847-00430222": "wikimedia atlas of afghanistan research", "0le950LvW5o-01682-00430223-00430543": "guide to afghanistan"}}, {"audio_id": "0lHOExTNPhU", "text": {"0lHOExTNPhU-00000-00000000-00000223": "like to welcome everybody to today's", "0lHOExTNPhU-00001-00000224-00000383": "webinar this is mike moreno from", "0lHOExTNPhU-00002-00000384-00000607": "learning times i'll be your producer", "0lHOExTNPhU-00003-00000608-00000790": "if you require any assistance at any", "0lHOExTNPhU-00004-00000791-00001015": "point in time with the zoom platform", "0lHOExTNPhU-00005-00001016-00001191": "please feel free to communicate with me", "0lHOExTNPhU-00006-00001192-00001423": "using the chat", "0lHOExTNPhU-00007-00001424-00001607": "panel located at the bottom of your", "0lHOExTNPhU-00008-00001607-00001702": "screen", "0lHOExTNPhU-00009-00001703-00002014": "you'll see that there's also a q a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00010-00002016-00002199": "button available there if you have", "0lHOExTNPhU-00011-00002200-00002423": "questions for our presenter today we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00012-00002424-00002687": "encourage you to use the q a as opposed", "0lHOExTNPhU-00013-00002688-00002950": "to the chat please as it makes it easier", "0lHOExTNPhU-00014-00002951-00003158": "to facilitate the questions", "0lHOExTNPhU-00015-00003159-00003359": "when we get to that point", "0lHOExTNPhU-00016-00003360-00003551": "there's also some closed captioning", "0lHOExTNPhU-00017-00003552-00003775": "available and so if you do not see the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00018-00003776-00003935": "captions but would like to make use of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00019-00003936-00004159": "them please click the cc live transcript", "0lHOExTNPhU-00020-00004160-00004351": "button at the bottom of the screen", "0lHOExTNPhU-00021-00004352-00004727": "and then select show subtitles if you", "0lHOExTNPhU-00022-00004728-00005038": "wish to hide the captions just select", "0lHOExTNPhU-00023-00005039-00005206": "hide subtitle", "0lHOExTNPhU-00024-00005207-00005438": "and on that note i'll turn it back over", "0lHOExTNPhU-00025-00005439-00005647": "to robin", "0lHOExTNPhU-00026-00005648-00005886": "hi everyone and welcome to another cdc", "0lHOExTNPhU-00027-00005887-00006015": "care webinar", "0lHOExTNPhU-00028-00006016-00006222": "my name is robin bauerkilgo and i am the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00029-00006223-00006463": "cdc care coordinator before we start i", "0lHOExTNPhU-00030-00006464-00006646": "would like to acknowledge this webinar", "0lHOExTNPhU-00031-00006647-00006814": "is being moderated on the traditional", "0lHOExTNPhU-00032-00006815-00006983": "lands of the mikasuki and seminole", "0lHOExTNPhU-00033-00006984-00007223": "people and their ancestors and i pay my", "0lHOExTNPhU-00034-00007223-00007527": "respect to elders both past and present", "0lHOExTNPhU-00035-00007528-00007727": "so to get started i'm just going to do a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00036-00007728-00007998": "couple of quick slides today before we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00037-00008000-00008151": "get into our program just because we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00038-00008152-00008391": "have a lot of really great programming", "0lHOExTNPhU-00039-00008392-00008510": "coming up so i wanted to make sure we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00040-00008511-00008655": "could tell you all about it before we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00041-00008656-00008871": "actually started today's program you are", "0lHOExTNPhU-00042-00008872-00009071": "here today for reducing environmental", "0lHOExTNPhU-00043-00009072-00009206": "impacts of collections care and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00044-00009207-00009423": "management we'll be running from 1 to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00045-00009424-00009614": "about 2 30 pm eastern and we will be", "0lHOExTNPhU-00046-00009615-00009878": "having a q a period afterwards", "0lHOExTNPhU-00047-00009879-00010039": "also this webinar as you guys might have", "0lHOExTNPhU-00048-00010040-00010183": "heard is being recorded so we're going", "0lHOExTNPhU-00049-00010184-00010367": "to be hopefully posting that up to our", "0lHOExTNPhU-00050-00010368-00010574": "youtube channel um probably another day", "0lHOExTNPhU-00051-00010575-00010855": "or so or to the actual platform", "0lHOExTNPhU-00052-00010856-00011046": "as i said my name is robin bauer kilgo", "0lHOExTNPhU-00053-00011047-00011255": "you just saw mike morneau we're here to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00054-00011256-00011383": "answer any of your questions that you", "0lHOExTNPhU-00055-00011384-00011678": "might have in the chat today", "0lHOExTNPhU-00056-00011679-00011846": "this is our home on the web connecting", "0lHOExTNPhU-00057-00011847-00012046": "to collections.org", "0lHOExTNPhU-00058-00012047-00012231": "on that website you will find", "0lHOExTNPhU-00059-00012232-00012446": "information on upcoming programming and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00060-00012447-00012646": "webinars you will also find some links", "0lHOExTNPhU-00061-00012647-00012799": "to some really important recess", "0lHOExTNPhU-00062-00012800-00013015": "resources we have our community link", "0lHOExTNPhU-00063-00013016-00013215": "that leads you to our online moderated", "0lHOExTNPhU-00064-00013216-00013399": "community platform where you can ask", "0lHOExTNPhU-00065-00013400-00013543": "questions about", "0lHOExTNPhU-00066-00013544-00013727": "direct collections care or anything else", "0lHOExTNPhU-00067-00013728-00013951": "and we have a group of fabulous monitors", "0lHOExTNPhU-00068-00013952-00014111": "who will go out and try to find you some", "0lHOExTNPhU-00069-00014112-00014271": "great information when it comes to those", "0lHOExTNPhU-00070-00014272-00014503": "types of questions we also have our", "0lHOExTNPhU-00071-00014504-00014711": "course archive and our webinar archive", "0lHOExTNPhU-00072-00014712-00014903": "that includes the entire history of cfc", "0lHOExTNPhU-00073-00014904-00015079": "care what you can get access to there's", "0lHOExTNPhU-00074-00015080-00015263": "a lot of good information on there if", "0lHOExTNPhU-00075-00015263-00015430": "you want to watch old webinars or old", "0lHOExTNPhU-00076-00015431-00015711": "courses we also have a curated resources", "0lHOExTNPhU-00077-00015712-00015871": "area so if you click on that you'll be", "0lHOExTNPhU-00078-00015872-00016055": "able to find all sorts of resources on", "0lHOExTNPhU-00079-00016056-00016247": "all sorts of topics collections and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00080-00016247-00016527": "collections related", "0lHOExTNPhU-00081-00016528-00016719": "for upcoming programming we're going to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00082-00016720-00016886": "be launching a course at the end of this", "0lHOExTNPhU-00083-00016887-00016983": "month it's called building", "0lHOExTNPhU-00084-00016984-00017167": "collaborations between museums and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00085-00017168-00017350": "indigenous communities we're really", "0lHOExTNPhU-00086-00017351-00017535": "looking forward to this course the c2c", "0lHOExTNPhU-00087-00017536-00017758": "care courses you do need to pay for it's", "0lHOExTNPhU-00088-00017759-00018071": "99 for this five webinar course be", "0lHOExTNPhU-00089-00018072-00018230": "running out through the entire month of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00090-00018231-00018511": "october it's 99 until september i think", "0lHOExTNPhU-00091-00018512-00018686": "22nd and then the fee goes up a little", "0lHOExTNPhU-00092-00018687-00018871": "bit so if you're interested in this", "0lHOExTNPhU-00093-00018872-00019071": "topic i would encourage you to go take a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00094-00019072-00019239": "look at our website the entire course", "0lHOExTNPhU-00095-00019240-00019455": "outline is there along with our list of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00096-00019456-00019686": "speakers and a lot of other information", "0lHOExTNPhU-00097-00019687-00019767": "so", "0lHOExTNPhU-00098-00019768-00019919": "i think it'll be really good and we're", "0lHOExTNPhU-00099-00019920-00020071": "really looking forward to doing this", "0lHOExTNPhU-00100-00020072-00020207": "course", "0lHOExTNPhU-00101-00020208-00020439": "we have a few upcoming free webinars as", "0lHOExTNPhU-00102-00020440-00020678": "well we do one of those once a month so", "0lHOExTNPhU-00103-00020679-00020871": "if you'll join us on october 13th you'll", "0lHOExTNPhU-00104-00020872-00021175": "see care of painted surfaces from 1 to 2", "0lHOExTNPhU-00105-00021176-00021439": "30 eastern and then on november 16th", "0lHOExTNPhU-00106-00021440-00021550": "you're going to see", "0lHOExTNPhU-00107-00021551-00021758": "a webinar called long-term storage for", "0lHOExTNPhU-00108-00021759-00022071": "large functional objects vehicles so for", "0lHOExTNPhU-00109-00022072-00022263": "that webinar which is happening november", "0lHOExTNPhU-00110-00022264-00022447": "16th we're actually asking our community", "0lHOExTNPhU-00111-00022448-00022519": "to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00112-00022520-00022750": "come up if you are currently storing a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00113-00022751-00022919": "large vehicle and you would like our", "0lHOExTNPhU-00114-00022920-00023086": "expert to take a look at it and talk", "0lHOExTNPhU-00115-00023087-00023286": "about it during the webinar we have a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00116-00023287-00023494": "form on the website you can submit it", "0lHOExTNPhU-00117-00023495-00023647": "we're encouraging pictures we're", "0lHOExTNPhU-00118-00023648-00023855": "encouraging videos you can give us a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00119-00023856-00024039": "little tour if you want to you can even", "0lHOExTNPhU-00120-00024040-00024207": "do it anonymously if you want to but we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00121-00024208-00024350": "would really like some information from", "0lHOExTNPhU-00122-00024351-00024614": "you all to actually uh feature within", "0lHOExTNPhU-00123-00024615-00024767": "that webinar so i would encourage you to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00124-00024768-00024983": "look at that as well", "0lHOExTNPhU-00125-00024984-00025247": "we have two places on social media that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00126-00025248-00025599": "you can look at", "0lHOExTNPhU-00127-00025600-00025846": "um you can actually go to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00128-00025847-00026094": "see this on facebook you can find out", "0lHOExTNPhU-00129-00026095-00026239": "information on there and you can also", "0lHOExTNPhU-00130-00026239-00026479": "follow us at c2care on twitter so again", "0lHOExTNPhU-00131-00026480-00026614": "encourage you to check out those places", "0lHOExTNPhU-00132-00026616-00026758": "for any kind of information you might", "0lHOExTNPhU-00133-00026760-00027062": "need", "0lHOExTNPhU-00134-00027063-00027246": "as mike said we have two separate boxes", "0lHOExTNPhU-00135-00027247-00027414": "for zoom webinars that you can use when", "0lHOExTNPhU-00136-00027416-00027567": "it comes to communication with our", "0lHOExTNPhU-00137-00027568-00027751": "speaker we have the chat box that's", "0lHOExTNPhU-00138-00027752-00027943": "there for just hi how you doing and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00139-00027944-00028055": "today our speaker will probably be", "0lHOExTNPhU-00140-00028056-00028231": "asking us questions so please utilize", "0lHOExTNPhU-00141-00028232-00028407": "that chat box when you can you want to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00142-00028408-00028607": "talk to everyone um you can even just", "0lHOExTNPhU-00143-00028608-00028767": "say hi now and where you're located if", "0lHOExTNPhU-00144-00028768-00028974": "you like the q a box is there for", "0lHOExTNPhU-00145-00028975-00029127": "questions so if you have a question of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00146-00029127-00029351": "our speaker at any point put it in that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00147-00029352-00029558": "box we will go through it during the q a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00148-00029560-00029711": "period it's just a little easier to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00149-00029712-00029911": "actually follow questions within that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00150-00029912-00030270": "box so i encourage you to use that then", "0lHOExTNPhU-00151-00030272-00030479": "well i'm going to go ahead and introduce", "0lHOExTNPhU-00152-00030480-00030718": "our speaker for today", "0lHOExTNPhU-00153-00030719-00030831": "one second", "0lHOExTNPhU-00154-00030832-00031023": "our speaker today is sarah sutton she is", "0lHOExTNPhU-00155-00031024-00031214": "ceo of environmental and cultural", "0lHOExTNPhU-00156-00031216-00031446": "partners a non-profit accelerated", "0lHOExTNPhU-00157-00031447-00031607": "cultural institutions leadership in", "0lHOExTNPhU-00158-00031608-00031870": "climate actions um today's topic again", "0lHOExTNPhU-00159-00031872-00032055": "is reducing environmental impacts of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00160-00032056-00032246": "collections care and i'm going to stop", "0lHOExTNPhU-00161-00032247-00032439": "sharing my screen and hand it over to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00162-00032439-00032655": "sarah and i will see you all at the end", "0lHOExTNPhU-00163-00032656-00032846": "of the webinar for the q a period go for", "0lHOExTNPhU-00164-00032847-00033390": "it sarah whenever you're ready", "0lHOExTNPhU-00165-00033391-00033702": "thank you very much", "0lHOExTNPhU-00166-00033703-00033871": "all right so everyone's looking at a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00167-00033872-00034183": "welcome screen i trust", "0lHOExTNPhU-00168-00034184-00034415": "hi i'm sarah sutton i'm delighted to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00169-00034416-00034599": "have you join me today", "0lHOExTNPhU-00170-00034600-00034871": "and i hope you'd use the chat feature in", "0lHOExTNPhU-00171-00034872-00035095": "order to give me just a little bit of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00172-00035096-00035415": "information not so much i i should say", "0lHOExTNPhU-00173-00035416-00035630": "not so much for me but for everyone in", "0lHOExTNPhU-00174-00035631-00035735": "the group", "0lHOExTNPhU-00175-00035736-00036015": "for introductions i'd like you to tell", "0lHOExTNPhU-00176-00036016-00036271": "the group now what you do that is smart", "0lHOExTNPhU-00177-00036272-00036479": "for the environment or climate and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00178-00036480-00036711": "something you'd like to do that is smart", "0lHOExTNPhU-00179-00036712-00036918": "for the environment and climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-00180-00036919-00037118": "so to give you an example", "0lHOExTNPhU-00181-00037119-00037262": "my", "0lHOExTNPhU-00182-00037263-00037502": "answers would be that i offset my", "0lHOExTNPhU-00183-00037503-00037839": "personal and business carbon footprint", "0lHOExTNPhU-00184-00037840-00038295": "each times two using climate neutral now", "0lHOExTNPhU-00185-00038296-00038518": "and i'm working on going entirely", "0lHOExTNPhU-00186-00038519-00038639": "paperless", "0lHOExTNPhU-00187-00038640-00038902": "that means for me improving my screen", "0lHOExTNPhU-00188-00038903-00039111": "reading and learning abilities i'm very", "0lHOExTNPhU-00189-00039112-00039367": "tactile i really like paper i like to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00190-00039368-00039735": "hold paper and read it and write it", "0lHOExTNPhU-00191-00039736-00039967": "and so i have to rewire my brain in", "0lHOExTNPhU-00192-00039968-00040183": "order to operate off the screen but i", "0lHOExTNPhU-00193-00040184-00040590": "know that i can master that skill", "0lHOExTNPhU-00194-00040591-00040846": "so go ahead and enter in the chat", "0lHOExTNPhU-00195-00040847-00041030": "some of those things that you do or", "0lHOExTNPhU-00196-00041031-00041207": "would like to do", "0lHOExTNPhU-00197-00041208-00041639": "and let me get my screen up and rolling", "0lHOExTNPhU-00198-00041640-00041895": "so some of you know me as sarah sutton", "0lHOExTNPhU-00199-00041896-00042071": "who is the principal of sustainable", "0lHOExTNPhU-00200-00042072-00042455": "museums and on the 1st of september that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00201-00042456-00042671": "sole proprietorship that business turned", "0lHOExTNPhU-00202-00042672-00042871": "into a non-profit called environment and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00203-00042872-00043015": "culture partners", "0lHOExTNPhU-00204-00043016-00043246": "because the need for and the capacity to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00205-00043247-00043483": "do this work has just expanded", "0lHOExTNPhU-00206-00043484-00043758": "dramatically and as a non-profit we'll", "0lHOExTNPhU-00207-00043759-00044007": "be able to accomplish more and our goal", "0lHOExTNPhU-00208-00044008-00044151": "is to accelerate environmental", "0lHOExTNPhU-00209-00044152-00044390": "leadership in the cultural sector so i", "0lHOExTNPhU-00210-00044391-00044615": "thank you for being part of that today", "0lHOExTNPhU-00211-00044616-00044799": "just by showing up", "0lHOExTNPhU-00212-00044800-00044999": "what we're going to focus on is", "0lHOExTNPhU-00213-00045000-00045190": "something called agency", "0lHOExTNPhU-00214-00045191-00045574": "our own ability to create change", "0lHOExTNPhU-00215-00045575-00045743": "so as we go through this you'll see that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00216-00045744-00046071": "there will be a theme of agency", "0lHOExTNPhU-00217-00046072-00046279": "but i want you to start by keeping in", "0lHOExTNPhU-00218-00046280-00046583": "mind that no one goes green all at once", "0lHOExTNPhU-00219-00046584-00046743": "you're all listing good things that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00220-00046744-00046958": "you're doing you're probably feeling", "0lHOExTNPhU-00221-00046959-00047167": "like you wish you could do more and some", "0lHOExTNPhU-00222-00047168-00047383": "of you are probably afraid to say what", "0lHOExTNPhU-00223-00047384-00047558": "it is you're doing", "0lHOExTNPhU-00224-00047559-00047774": "please understand that no one goes green", "0lHOExTNPhU-00225-00047775-00047902": "all at once", "0lHOExTNPhU-00226-00047903-00048118": "no one goes all green yet because we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00227-00048119-00048271": "just haven't figured it out and there's", "0lHOExTNPhU-00228-00048272-00048502": "too much to change", "0lHOExTNPhU-00229-00048503-00048679": "and that you need to let go of any guilt", "0lHOExTNPhU-00230-00048680-00048871": "you have about the non-green things you", "0lHOExTNPhU-00231-00048872-00049095": "do because that guilt interferes with", "0lHOExTNPhU-00232-00049096-00049390": "the progress on the good green things", "0lHOExTNPhU-00233-00049391-00049574": "and remember that you are learning all", "0lHOExTNPhU-00234-00049575-00049702": "the time", "0lHOExTNPhU-00235-00049703-00049911": "it's okay to not be perfect", "0lHOExTNPhU-00236-00049912-00050102": "and that we will get better at this", "0lHOExTNPhU-00237-00050103-00050367": "every one of us does including me all", "0lHOExTNPhU-00238-00050368-00050711": "the time make mistakes and get better", "0lHOExTNPhU-00239-00050712-00051007": "the good thing is it gets easier because", "0lHOExTNPhU-00240-00051008-00051223": "one you get practice and two other", "0lHOExTNPhU-00241-00051224-00051414": "people learn things and share them just", "0lHOExTNPhU-00242-00051415-00051614": "the way you are in the chat right now", "0lHOExTNPhU-00243-00051615-00051814": "and that helps you think of new", "0lHOExTNPhU-00244-00051815-00051966": "practices and pursue them more", "0lHOExTNPhU-00245-00051967-00052126": "confidently", "0lHOExTNPhU-00246-00052127-00052279": "but most of all", "0lHOExTNPhU-00247-00052279-00052615": "anything you do really really really", "0lHOExTNPhU-00248-00052616-00052742": "matters", "0lHOExTNPhU-00249-00052744-00053047": "the problem is huge it's complex", "0lHOExTNPhU-00250-00053048-00053247": "we're all contributing to it and we need", "0lHOExTNPhU-00251-00053248-00053479": "to all contribute to the solution so", "0lHOExTNPhU-00252-00053479-00053703": "what you do matters", "0lHOExTNPhU-00253-00053704-00053926": "and the most important thing is to talk", "0lHOExTNPhU-00254-00053927-00054199": "about environment and climate issues", "0lHOExTNPhU-00255-00054200-00054447": "we do that in order to normalize the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00256-00054448-00054599": "issue and the concerns and the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00257-00054600-00054847": "conversations so that more people feel", "0lHOExTNPhU-00258-00054848-00055054": "comfortable tackling it", "0lHOExTNPhU-00259-00055055-00055254": "it gets easier to talk about environment", "0lHOExTNPhU-00260-00055255-00055438": "and climate with practice", "0lHOExTNPhU-00261-00055439-00055719": "but if you feel stuck you have questions", "0lHOExTNPhU-00262-00055720-00055919": "the best woman with the answers is", "0lHOExTNPhU-00263-00055920-00056166": "catherine hayjo and her website is right", "0lHOExTNPhU-00264-00056167-00056399": "there you can follow her global weirding", "0lHOExTNPhU-00265-00056400-00056630": "presentations on every wednesday and you", "0lHOExTNPhU-00266-00056632-00056830": "can just check in for her fact sheets", "0lHOExTNPhU-00267-00056832-00057047": "she's awesome she's also on the board of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00268-00057048-00057247": "regents for the smithsonian institution", "0lHOExTNPhU-00269-00057248-00057487": "somebody got smart", "0lHOExTNPhU-00270-00057488-00057694": "so oh and one more thing you can do is", "0lHOExTNPhU-00271-00057695-00057935": "listen to the aic combating climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-00272-00057936-00058023": "change", "0lHOExTNPhU-00273-00058024-00058335": "podcast it has two whole seasons of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00274-00058336-00058607": "great presentations on", "0lHOExTNPhU-00275-00058608-00058871": "regular folk and experts who are doing", "0lHOExTNPhU-00276-00058872-00059094": "good environment and climate work so i", "0lHOExTNPhU-00277-00059095-00059247": "really encourage you to listen to those", "0lHOExTNPhU-00278-00059248-00059550": "free podcasts", "0lHOExTNPhU-00279-00059551-00059742": "now before we talk about the things you", "0lHOExTNPhU-00280-00059744-00059966": "can do we need to back up and look at", "0lHOExTNPhU-00281-00059967-00060103": "the big issues", "0lHOExTNPhU-00282-00060104-00060342": "so let's make sure we understand what", "0lHOExTNPhU-00283-00060344-00060623": "environment and climate are", "0lHOExTNPhU-00284-00060624-00060966": "so weather is what's happening today", "0lHOExTNPhU-00285-00060967-00061126": "climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-00286-00061127-00061463": "is trends and conditions over time like", "0lHOExTNPhU-00287-00061464-00061726": "decades and centuries and thousands of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00288-00061727-00061966": "years that's climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-00289-00061967-00062238": "environment is what we feel around us", "0lHOExTNPhU-00290-00062239-00062606": "but climate is what the planet feels", "0lHOExTNPhU-00291-00062607-00062935": "climate change shows itself in the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00292-00062936-00063206": "droughts and the fires and the more", "0lHOExTNPhU-00293-00063207-00063391": "intense storms that we're all", "0lHOExTNPhU-00294-00063391-00063647": "experiencing all around the globe", "0lHOExTNPhU-00295-00063648-00063799": "we might experience", "0lHOExTNPhU-00296-00063800-00063991": "them differently but they're all", "0lHOExTNPhU-00297-00063991-00064135": "happening and they're happening", "0lHOExTNPhU-00298-00064136-00064359": "everywhere those climate changes and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00299-00064360-00064599": "they're harmful to us and to others in", "0lHOExTNPhU-00300-00064600-00064959": "the way we lead our lives", "0lHOExTNPhU-00301-00064960-00065159": "so what is it about the relationship", "0lHOExTNPhU-00302-00065160-00065447": "between museum humans people in the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00303-00065448-00065823": "museum field in environment and climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-00304-00065824-00066087": "it's important to examine", "0lHOExTNPhU-00305-00066088-00066303": "the difference between environment and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00306-00066304-00066479": "climate you don't have to get it right", "0lHOExTNPhU-00307-00066480-00066703": "every time you have to be aware that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00308-00066704-00066855": "sometimes", "0lHOExTNPhU-00309-00066856-00067038": "climate issues include environment", "0lHOExTNPhU-00310-00067039-00067206": "components and sometimes environment", "0lHOExTNPhU-00311-00067207-00067375": "components", "0lHOExTNPhU-00312-00067376-00067615": "leak over into climate change", "0lHOExTNPhU-00313-00067616-00067799": "just being aware that they interfere", "0lHOExTNPhU-00314-00067800-00067982": "with each other related to each other", "0lHOExTNPhU-00315-00067983-00068135": "because they're part of the same systems", "0lHOExTNPhU-00316-00068136-00068294": "is important", "0lHOExTNPhU-00317-00068295-00068655": "so what are our environmental impacts", "0lHOExTNPhU-00318-00068656-00068919": "we contribute toxins to chemicals and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00319-00068920-00069094": "chemicals that are in the air the soil", "0lHOExTNPhU-00320-00069095-00069231": "and the water", "0lHOExTNPhU-00321-00069232-00069494": "we create and we dispose of waste", "0lHOExTNPhU-00322-00069495-00069711": "so the waste means unproductive", "0lHOExTNPhU-00323-00069712-00070038": "materials that may be polluting", "0lHOExTNPhU-00324-00070039-00070311": "the atmosphere polluting land", "0lHOExTNPhU-00325-00070312-00070494": "they may contribute to damaging", "0lHOExTNPhU-00326-00070495-00070847": "ecosystems ecosystems that creatures", "0lHOExTNPhU-00327-00070848-00071103": "other creatures and we depend upon for", "0lHOExTNPhU-00328-00071104-00071423": "healthy happy safe lives", "0lHOExTNPhU-00329-00071424-00071606": "we might be doing things that damage or", "0lHOExTNPhU-00330-00071607-00071862": "destroy habitat for plants and creatures", "0lHOExTNPhU-00331-00071863-00072103": "and we might use up all those plants and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00332-00072104-00072255": "creatures making it so that those", "0lHOExTNPhU-00333-00072256-00072479": "populations can't survive", "0lHOExTNPhU-00334-00072480-00072735": "those are environmental issues", "0lHOExTNPhU-00335-00072736-00072935": "extremely important", "0lHOExTNPhU-00336-00072936-00073159": "and there are climate issues", "0lHOExTNPhU-00337-00073160-00073382": "and we refer to it as climate forcing", "0lHOExTNPhU-00338-00073383-00073519": "where we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00339-00073520-00073743": "force the climate into a different", "0lHOExTNPhU-00340-00073744-00074031": "pattern because of the things we do", "0lHOExTNPhU-00341-00074032-00074279": "greenhouse gas emissions is the biggest", "0lHOExTNPhU-00342-00074280-00074543": "climate forcing impact that we have", "0lHOExTNPhU-00343-00074544-00074871": "so when we use coal oil or gas those are", "0lHOExTNPhU-00344-00074872-00075150": "fossil fuels we contribute greenhouse", "0lHOExTNPhU-00345-00075151-00075423": "gases to the atmosphere those are", "0lHOExTNPhU-00346-00075424-00075582": "emissions", "0lHOExTNPhU-00347-00075583-00075831": "those emissions create something that is", "0lHOExTNPhU-00348-00075832-00075926": "like", "0lHOExTNPhU-00349-00075927-00076199": "a blanket a heat trapping blanket around", "0lHOExTNPhU-00350-00076200-00076487": "the globe that when the sun comes in", "0lHOExTNPhU-00351-00076488-00076679": "it doesn't get that energy doesn't all", "0lHOExTNPhU-00352-00076680-00076879": "get to leave some of it gets trapped", "0lHOExTNPhU-00353-00076880-00077055": "here and that's what's heating up the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00354-00077056-00077159": "earth", "0lHOExTNPhU-00355-00077160-00077350": "so", "0lHOExTNPhU-00356-00077351-00077535": "those emissions also come from food", "0lHOExTNPhU-00357-00077536-00077815": "waste farm activities", "0lHOExTNPhU-00358-00077816-00077999": "melting permafrost", "0lHOExTNPhU-00359-00078000-00078279": "from a variety of sources and all of it", "0lHOExTNPhU-00360-00078280-00078503": "matters some of its co2 some of its", "0lHOExTNPhU-00361-00078504-00078687": "methane those are all considered", "0lHOExTNPhU-00362-00078688-00078982": "greenhouse gas emissions", "0lHOExTNPhU-00363-00078983-00079215": "but we also do things with resources", "0lHOExTNPhU-00364-00079216-00079503": "that interrupt the systems so we make", "0lHOExTNPhU-00365-00079504-00079694": "cement and we spread it all over the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00366-00079695-00079879": "place and that creates", "0lHOExTNPhU-00367-00079880-00080215": "hot spaces in place of cool spaces", "0lHOExTNPhU-00368-00080216-00080350": "hot spaces", "0lHOExTNPhU-00369-00080351-00080606": "in place of planted spaces that actually", "0lHOExTNPhU-00370-00080607-00080862": "consume carbon dioxide so sometimes when", "0lHOExTNPhU-00371-00080863-00081047": "we do things we just make this climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-00372-00081048-00081247": "cycle worse", "0lHOExTNPhU-00373-00081248-00081575": "why does it matter to the museum field", "0lHOExTNPhU-00374-00081576-00081726": "because we are charitable and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00375-00081727-00081926": "educational institutions we're", "0lHOExTNPhU-00376-00081927-00082111": "community-minded we're socially", "0lHOExTNPhU-00377-00082112-00082375": "responsible so i'm going to pause here", "0lHOExTNPhU-00378-00082376-00082550": "and take a meaningful sip from my", "0lHOExTNPhU-00379-00082551-00083159": "museums are not neutral mug", "0lHOExTNPhU-00380-00083160-00083326": "because our work is to follow the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00381-00083327-00083615": "science and to tell the truth and to do", "0lHOExTNPhU-00382-00083616-00083903": "it with compassion and heart", "0lHOExTNPhU-00383-00083904-00084103": "that's good museum work", "0lHOExTNPhU-00384-00084104-00084335": "that's also climate work that's also", "0lHOExTNPhU-00385-00084336-00084575": "good community work", "0lHOExTNPhU-00386-00084576-00084894": "now in a selfish way our museums our", "0lHOExTNPhU-00387-00084895-00085150": "collections our visitors our staff", "0lHOExTNPhU-00388-00085151-00085391": "ourselves are also affected by climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-00389-00085392-00085535": "change", "0lHOExTNPhU-00390-00085536-00085679": "so it's", "0lHOExTNPhU-00391-00085680-00085855": "a good thing to do for community and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00392-00085856-00086047": "it's a good thing to do for our jobs to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00393-00086048-00086247": "address climate change", "0lHOExTNPhU-00394-00086248-00086447": "now what are some of the things that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00395-00086448-00086543": "that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00396-00086544-00086791": "affect us the most or", "0lHOExTNPhU-00397-00086792-00086959": "cut to our heart the most", "0lHOExTNPhU-00398-00086960-00087182": "that's when climate change and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00399-00087183-00087318": "environmental issues touch our", "0lHOExTNPhU-00400-00087319-00087431": "collections", "0lHOExTNPhU-00401-00087432-00087631": "and they do it whether they're in our", "0lHOExTNPhU-00402-00087632-00087767": "museums", "0lHOExTNPhU-00403-00087768-00087943": "like particular objects that we're", "0lHOExTNPhU-00404-00087944-00088159": "caring for", "0lHOExTNPhU-00405-00088160-00088238": "or", "0lHOExTNPhU-00406-00088239-00088462": "when they're in situ when they're", "0lHOExTNPhU-00407-00088463-00088750": "historic structures or materials that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00408-00088751-00089062": "are on historic structures or", "0lHOExTNPhU-00409-00089063-00089375": "like archaeological sites that are still", "0lHOExTNPhU-00410-00089376-00089647": "in the landscape", "0lHOExTNPhU-00411-00089648-00089855": "so temperature relative humidity and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00412-00089856-00090135": "pollutants can affect materials", "0lHOExTNPhU-00413-00090136-00090462": "and weather and water forces can affect", "0lHOExTNPhU-00414-00090463-00090662": "sites and buildings", "0lHOExTNPhU-00415-00090663-00090782": "and if you think about it from a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00416-00090783-00090975": "mechanical point of view", "0lHOExTNPhU-00417-00090976-00091135": "the concern about something like an", "0lHOExTNPhU-00418-00091136-00091350": "archaeological site or a structure on a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00419-00091351-00091591": "coastline is mechanical damage from", "0lHOExTNPhU-00420-00091592-00091799": "actual erosion", "0lHOExTNPhU-00421-00091800-00091967": "due to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00422-00091968-00092206": "wave action or storm events that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00423-00092207-00092303": "actually", "0lHOExTNPhU-00424-00092304-00092526": "drag those materials into the ocean and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00425-00092527-00092694": "we lose them", "0lHOExTNPhU-00426-00092695-00092903": "but it's also more subtle", "0lHOExTNPhU-00427-00092904-00093111": "and this tweet is about", "0lHOExTNPhU-00428-00093112-00093350": "the loss of peat", "0lHOExTNPhU-00429-00093351-00093471": "in the uk", "0lHOExTNPhU-00430-00093472-00093726": "that when pete dries out", "0lHOExTNPhU-00431-00093727-00093887": "all the material the archaeological", "0lHOExTNPhU-00432-00093888-00094126": "materials that are protected by them are", "0lHOExTNPhU-00433-00094127-00094382": "no longer protected in a moist", "0lHOExTNPhU-00434-00094383-00094599": "atmosphere they're exposed to oxygen and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00435-00094600-00094943": "they begin to deteriorate so drought", "0lHOExTNPhU-00436-00094944-00095223": "which is a climate change impact on peat", "0lHOExTNPhU-00437-00095224-00095374": "is damaging to archaeological", "0lHOExTNPhU-00438-00095375-00095567": "collections and then environmental", "0lHOExTNPhU-00439-00095568-00095791": "impacts such as draining peat bogs is", "0lHOExTNPhU-00440-00095792-00095974": "damaging to environmental collection", "0lHOExTNPhU-00441-00095975-00096191": "into collections", "0lHOExTNPhU-00442-00096192-00096374": "so keeping an eye on what environment", "0lHOExTNPhU-00443-00096375-00096574": "and climate are doing to our objects is", "0lHOExTNPhU-00444-00096575-00096862": "our first line of defense and then we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00445-00096863-00097023": "can bring everything else that we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00446-00097024-00097287": "contribute to the museum sector to bear", "0lHOExTNPhU-00447-00097288-00097455": "on this issue", "0lHOExTNPhU-00448-00097456-00097703": "so i believe that museums hold in one", "0lHOExTNPhU-00449-00097704-00097847": "body", "0lHOExTNPhU-00450-00097848-00098038": "all of the physical and intellectual", "0lHOExTNPhU-00451-00098039-00098231": "resources that we need to solve this", "0lHOExTNPhU-00452-00098232-00098343": "problem", "0lHOExTNPhU-00453-00098344-00098567": "we are creative people we have the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00454-00098568-00098718": "freedom to do this work and the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00455-00098719-00098950": "authority to do this work in a way that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00456-00098951-00099182": "the world needs most", "0lHOExTNPhU-00457-00099183-00099367": "and so all of the people listed on this", "0lHOExTNPhU-00458-00099368-00099615": "slide the curators the registrars", "0lHOExTNPhU-00459-00099616-00099767": "collection managers", "0lHOExTNPhU-00460-00099768-00100031": "matter in doing this work", "0lHOExTNPhU-00461-00100032-00100271": "so do your conversations with exhibit", "0lHOExTNPhU-00462-00100272-00100503": "designers and program leaders", "0lHOExTNPhU-00463-00100504-00100791": "so do your conversations with facilities", "0lHOExTNPhU-00464-00100792-00101055": "operators who manage the energy control", "0lHOExTNPhU-00465-00101056-00101238": "energy systems in your", "0lHOExTNPhU-00466-00101239-00101471": "building or with whom you contract to do", "0lHOExTNPhU-00467-00101472-00101631": "that work", "0lHOExTNPhU-00468-00101632-00101823": "and anybody who helps you raise money or", "0lHOExTNPhU-00469-00101824-00101974": "spread the word about the work that you", "0lHOExTNPhU-00470-00101975-00102238": "do all of us are involved in this", "0lHOExTNPhU-00471-00102239-00102478": "and if you're a one-woman or one-man", "0lHOExTNPhU-00472-00102479-00102710": "show at your site", "0lHOExTNPhU-00473-00102711-00102830": "i want you to know that you have", "0lHOExTNPhU-00474-00102831-00103047": "colleagues who have similar situations", "0lHOExTNPhU-00475-00103048-00103263": "who can be your boosters and your", "0lHOExTNPhU-00476-00103264-00103678": "assistants in this", "0lHOExTNPhU-00477-00103679-00103839": "yeah it's pretty complex", "0lHOExTNPhU-00478-00103840-00104047": "but it's doable so i'm going to talk a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00479-00104048-00104199": "little bit about the complexities and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00480-00104200-00104334": "then i'm going to move into the things", "0lHOExTNPhU-00481-00104335-00104566": "that you can do", "0lHOExTNPhU-00482-00104567-00104782": "the reason i talk about the complexities", "0lHOExTNPhU-00483-00104783-00104966": "is that i won't be able to tell you what", "0lHOExTNPhU-00484-00104967-00105175": "to do today as much as you wish that i", "0lHOExTNPhU-00485-00105176-00105310": "would", "0lHOExTNPhU-00486-00105311-00105558": "the what is very dependent upon your", "0lHOExTNPhU-00487-00105559-00105815": "particular situation the resources you", "0lHOExTNPhU-00488-00105816-00106031": "have the objects you're dealing with and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00489-00106032-00106207": "the weather and climate conditions that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00490-00106208-00106423": "are affecting you i can't predict what", "0lHOExTNPhU-00491-00106424-00106599": "those are so i can't tell you exactly", "0lHOExTNPhU-00492-00106600-00106863": "what to do but i can give you the skills", "0lHOExTNPhU-00493-00106864-00107086": "to make good choices yourself", "0lHOExTNPhU-00494-00107088-00107351": "which means that after this webinar is", "0lHOExTNPhU-00495-00107352-00107566": "over and you have a different job or a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00496-00107567-00107758": "different activity or a different role", "0lHOExTNPhU-00497-00107759-00107958": "you'll still have the skills to apply to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00498-00107959-00108310": "it you'll know how to tackle the problem", "0lHOExTNPhU-00499-00108311-00108502": "so to tackle the problem we have to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00500-00108503-00108710": "understand that it's part of a system", "0lHOExTNPhU-00501-00108711-00108878": "even if what you're doing is treating a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00502-00108879-00109102": "particular object today or putting it in", "0lHOExTNPhU-00503-00109103-00109390": "a particular package that activity is", "0lHOExTNPhU-00504-00109391-00109647": "part of a system of collection care of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00505-00109648-00109958": "museum operations", "0lHOExTNPhU-00506-00109959-00110175": "there are other people probably involved", "0lHOExTNPhU-00507-00110176-00110415": "things people you buy things from other", "0lHOExTNPhU-00508-00110416-00110583": "collections professionals who trained", "0lHOExTNPhU-00509-00110583-00110790": "you institutional leadership that gives", "0lHOExTNPhU-00510-00110791-00111086": "you money or takes it away", "0lHOExTNPhU-00511-00111088-00111295": "there are consumption choices how much", "0lHOExTNPhU-00512-00111296-00111566": "energy to use which materials to buy", "0lHOExTNPhU-00513-00111567-00111663": "and then there are content", "0lHOExTNPhU-00514-00111664-00111975": "responsibilities protecting the item and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00515-00111976-00112183": "making sure that its information is", "0lHOExTNPhU-00516-00112183-00112431": "available to the public so all those", "0lHOExTNPhU-00517-00112432-00112734": "things go into your thinking", "0lHOExTNPhU-00518-00112735-00112902": "so let's have a little tutorial on", "0lHOExTNPhU-00519-00112903-00113119": "systems thinking because you need this", "0lHOExTNPhU-00520-00113120-00113375": "in order to make good decisions", "0lHOExTNPhU-00521-00113376-00113647": "so a system is a complex hole like you", "0lHOExTNPhU-00522-00113648-00113871": "can wrap your arm around a system and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00523-00113872-00114175": "say this is the system i'm looking at", "0lHOExTNPhU-00524-00114176-00114375": "and all the parts of it make up that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00525-00114376-00114471": "system", "0lHOExTNPhU-00526-00114472-00114671": "those parts and those processes when", "0lHOExTNPhU-00527-00114672-00114839": "they work well together they're all", "0lHOExTNPhU-00528-00114840-00115071": "balanced the system works", "0lHOExTNPhU-00529-00115072-00115254": "when something's not working it gets out", "0lHOExTNPhU-00530-00115255-00115439": "of balance and it stops producing", "0lHOExTNPhU-00531-00115440-00115719": "performing the way you want it to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00532-00115720-00115966": "when you're trying to influence a system", "0lHOExTNPhU-00533-00115967-00116190": "to get a better result", "0lHOExTNPhU-00534-00116191-00116375": "you'll have more success if you", "0lHOExTNPhU-00535-00116376-00116599": "understand all of the parts and you make", "0lHOExTNPhU-00536-00116600-00116831": "an educated choice of which part to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00537-00116832-00117086": "influence you test to see how it worked", "0lHOExTNPhU-00538-00117088-00117254": "and if it works you keep going if it", "0lHOExTNPhU-00539-00117255-00117478": "doesn't work you adjust and you try a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00540-00117479-00117663": "different approach", "0lHOExTNPhU-00541-00117664-00117878": "you'll use that many times over in", "0lHOExTNPhU-00542-00117879-00118127": "developing new systems of managing your", "0lHOExTNPhU-00543-00118128-00118302": "work", "0lHOExTNPhU-00544-00118303-00118495": "the thing is the systems that we've been", "0lHOExTNPhU-00545-00118496-00118751": "using have produced this problem if we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00546-00118752-00118886": "keep using them", "0lHOExTNPhU-00547-00118888-00119110": "we won't get out of the problem", "0lHOExTNPhU-00548-00119111-00119302": "so we're going to shift our systems and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00549-00119303-00119463": "the way we do that is with three", "0lHOExTNPhU-00550-00119464-00119719": "different types of agency so that's the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00551-00119720-00119919": "core of my message today", "0lHOExTNPhU-00552-00119920-00120127": "there are three ways you can tackle this", "0lHOExTNPhU-00553-00120128-00120327": "work and i hope by the end of the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00554-00120328-00120607": "session you'll be able to pick one or", "0lHOExTNPhU-00555-00120608-00120686": "two", "0lHOExTNPhU-00556-00120688-00120927": "from each of these three levels to do", "0lHOExTNPhU-00557-00120928-00121151": "for yourself", "0lHOExTNPhU-00558-00121152-00121343": "individual agency", "0lHOExTNPhU-00559-00121344-00121607": "are the two things i listed in that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00560-00121608-00121847": "welcome page of the activities i'm doing", "0lHOExTNPhU-00561-00121848-00122078": "now and working towards those are things", "0lHOExTNPhU-00562-00122079-00122302": "within my sphere", "0lHOExTNPhU-00563-00122303-00122527": "collective agency is when we pool", "0lHOExTNPhU-00564-00122528-00122783": "knowledge and skills to act together", "0lHOExTNPhU-00565-00122783-00122999": "and a good example of that is you all", "0lHOExTNPhU-00566-00123000-00123214": "came today in order to learn things that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00567-00123215-00123495": "you can do they provided a platform for", "0lHOExTNPhU-00568-00123496-00123743": "you to collectively learn about how to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00569-00123744-00123958": "create change in the cultural heritage", "0lHOExTNPhU-00570-00123959-00124110": "sector", "0lHOExTNPhU-00571-00124111-00124390": "proxy agency is when you influence", "0lHOExTNPhU-00572-00124391-00124663": "someone else on your behalf when you", "0lHOExTNPhU-00573-00124664-00124927": "call up aic and you say hey", "0lHOExTNPhU-00574-00124928-00125158": "we really like that session with sarah", "0lHOExTNPhU-00575-00125159-00125407": "now we want some with other folks who", "0lHOExTNPhU-00576-00125408-00125583": "are doing green work and can give us", "0lHOExTNPhU-00577-00125583-00125839": "more examples that's an example of proxy", "0lHOExTNPhU-00578-00125840-00125966": "agency", "0lHOExTNPhU-00579-00125967-00126254": "and the way you acquire it is by", "0lHOExTNPhU-00580-00126255-00126439": "watching other people listening to what", "0lHOExTNPhU-00581-00126440-00126783": "they do and trying it on your own", "0lHOExTNPhU-00582-00126783-00126966": "so that's why i asked you to write all", "0lHOExTNPhU-00583-00126967-00127175": "those ideas in there because you will", "0lHOExTNPhU-00584-00127176-00127471": "find cool ideas from everyone else that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00585-00127472-00127686": "you can use you're going to build your", "0lHOExTNPhU-00586-00127688-00127919": "own agency just by looking at that list", "0lHOExTNPhU-00587-00127920-00128095": "even if you don't find anything i say", "0lHOExTNPhU-00588-00128096-00128383": "that's useful today", "0lHOExTNPhU-00589-00128383-00128551": "so what's an example of individual", "0lHOExTNPhU-00590-00128552-00128695": "agency", "0lHOExTNPhU-00591-00128696-00128919": "whoever figured out that they should", "0lHOExTNPhU-00592-00128920-00129143": "organize all of these materials in this", "0lHOExTNPhU-00593-00129144-00129527": "way was taking using individual agency", "0lHOExTNPhU-00594-00129528-00129751": "they organized materials so that you", "0lHOExTNPhU-00595-00129752-00129839": "knew", "0lHOExTNPhU-00596-00129840-00130023": "what was available in the workshop and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00597-00130024-00130271": "didn't have to buy extra just because", "0lHOExTNPhU-00598-00130272-00130495": "you weren't sure if you had enough", "0lHOExTNPhU-00599-00130496-00130678": "that one activity", "0lHOExTNPhU-00600-00130679-00130886": "of buying extra because you don't know", "0lHOExTNPhU-00601-00130888-00131031": "how much you have", "0lHOExTNPhU-00602-00131032-00131278": "is a very wasteful activity and you can", "0lHOExTNPhU-00603-00131279-00131535": "avoid it you can be more sustainable", "0lHOExTNPhU-00604-00131536-00131759": "by keeping a good inventory", "0lHOExTNPhU-00605-00131760-00131990": "visual or written of the materials you", "0lHOExTNPhU-00606-00131991-00132151": "have so that you don't have to go buy", "0lHOExTNPhU-00607-00132152-00132447": "more that you don't need", "0lHOExTNPhU-00608-00132448-00132551": "now", "0lHOExTNPhU-00609-00132552-00132839": "creating this is individual agency that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00610-00132840-00133071": "one person said hey this is important to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00611-00133072-00133302": "me i'm going to do it and it had some", "0lHOExTNPhU-00612-00133303-00133519": "co-benefits because not only does that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00613-00133520-00133751": "person now make it so that everybody", "0lHOExTNPhU-00614-00133752-00134078": "else doesn't have to buy extra materials", "0lHOExTNPhU-00615-00134079-00134327": "but now everybody else knows where to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00616-00134328-00134607": "put things away to keep the shop clean", "0lHOExTNPhU-00617-00134608-00134759": "and they know", "0lHOExTNPhU-00618-00134760-00135023": "how to organize the things in the shop", "0lHOExTNPhU-00619-00135024-00135311": "it makes it more efficient energy i mean", "0lHOExTNPhU-00620-00135312-00135511": "time efficient for everyone in the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00621-00135512-00135743": "workshop and it means that no one has to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00622-00135744-00135999": "keep instructing someone else or ask for", "0lHOExTNPhU-00623-00136000-00136239": "information so someone's gone and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00624-00136240-00136431": "created a system that has multiple", "0lHOExTNPhU-00625-00136432-00136631": "co-benefits that makes the whole", "0lHOExTNPhU-00626-00136632-00136863": "operation more sustainable and more", "0lHOExTNPhU-00627-00136864-00137078": "efficient that's the kind of thing that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00628-00137079-00137351": "we're looking for", "0lHOExTNPhU-00629-00137352-00137607": "so the usual suspects the activities", "0lHOExTNPhU-00630-00137608-00137775": "where you do your work the areas where", "0lHOExTNPhU-00631-00137776-00137959": "you'll do your work will focus on", "0lHOExTNPhU-00632-00137960-00138143": "materials consumption and energy", "0lHOExTNPhU-00633-00138144-00138407": "consumption related to objects", "0lHOExTNPhU-00634-00138408-00138654": "so materials is how we store display", "0lHOExTNPhU-00635-00138655-00138854": "ship and exhibit objects", "0lHOExTNPhU-00636-00138855-00139039": "or clean and conserve them how we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00637-00139040-00139190": "protect them", "0lHOExTNPhU-00638-00139191-00139375": "for energy it's how we manage", "0lHOExTNPhU-00639-00139376-00139590": "temperature and relative humidity it's", "0lHOExTNPhU-00640-00139591-00139783": "how we light up those objects in our", "0lHOExTNPhU-00641-00139784-00140071": "displays how we clear clean conserve and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00642-00140072-00140311": "protect them and how we move them around", "0lHOExTNPhU-00643-00140312-00140583": "we lose use an awful lot of energy in", "0lHOExTNPhU-00644-00140584-00140743": "that issue", "0lHOExTNPhU-00645-00140744-00141063": "and your advice to your peers colleagues", "0lHOExTNPhU-00646-00141064-00141175": "um", "0lHOExTNPhU-00647-00141176-00141471": "co-workers and contractors", "0lHOExTNPhU-00648-00141472-00141751": "about how to be efficient with energy is", "0lHOExTNPhU-00649-00141752-00141983": "critical they need to know that you're", "0lHOExTNPhU-00650-00141984-00142214": "aware of this and you're pa and you're", "0lHOExTNPhU-00651-00142215-00142407": "asking them to be thoughtful about", "0lHOExTNPhU-00652-00142408-00142599": "energy efficiency", "0lHOExTNPhU-00653-00142600-00142823": "but let me back up to materials this is", "0lHOExTNPhU-00654-00142824-00143031": "often where people start because it's", "0lHOExTNPhU-00655-00143032-00143207": "the thing in their hand literally the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00656-00143208-00143366": "glove that's in their hand that's", "0lHOExTNPhU-00657-00143367-00143590": "driving them crazy but because they want", "0lHOExTNPhU-00658-00143591-00143895": "a more sustainable approach", "0lHOExTNPhU-00659-00143896-00144543": "so materials is usually where we start", "0lHOExTNPhU-00660-00144544-00144790": "setting up systems so that people can", "0lHOExTNPhU-00661-00144791-00145095": "understand which materials to select", "0lHOExTNPhU-00662-00145096-00145295": "is the best way to help people be more", "0lHOExTNPhU-00663-00145296-00145478": "efficient so you're probably used to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00664-00145479-00145663": "this reduce reuse", "0lHOExTNPhU-00665-00145664-00145919": "reduce reuse recycle mantra the three", "0lHOExTNPhU-00666-00145920-00146047": "r's", "0lHOExTNPhU-00667-00146048-00146302": "that's been expanded to seven r's now", "0lHOExTNPhU-00668-00146303-00146575": "we're going to focus on six of them", "0lHOExTNPhU-00669-00146576-00146711": "the first one", "0lHOExTNPhU-00670-00146712-00146999": "is to just rethink that glove", "0lHOExTNPhU-00671-00147000-00147207": "or whatever material you're choosing to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00672-00147208-00147302": "use", "0lHOExTNPhU-00673-00147303-00147590": "why do i choose this why do we as a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00674-00147591-00147871": "profession do this thing or use this", "0lHOExTNPhU-00675-00147872-00148190": "material is it appropriate now", "0lHOExTNPhU-00676-00148191-00148351": "as long as you've rethought it and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00677-00148352-00148654": "concluded your next best step forward", "0lHOExTNPhU-00678-00148655-00148878": "you've taken a step towards being much", "0lHOExTNPhU-00679-00148879-00149102": "more sustainable", "0lHOExTNPhU-00680-00149103-00149295": "when you can refuse to use the things", "0lHOExTNPhU-00681-00149296-00149471": "that have the worst impact on the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00682-00149472-00149751": "climate that's important", "0lHOExTNPhU-00683-00149752-00149999": "so you might compare two useful items", "0lHOExTNPhU-00684-00150000-00150175": "find out that one has a higher carbon", "0lHOExTNPhU-00685-00150176-00150351": "footprint than the other", "0lHOExTNPhU-00686-00150352-00150535": "and refuse to use the one with the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00687-00150536-00150766": "highest carbon footprint", "0lHOExTNPhU-00688-00150767-00150919": "you can always reduce the amount of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00689-00150920-00151143": "stuff do you need a full board or pieces", "0lHOExTNPhU-00690-00151144-00151343": "of a board of backing port", "0lHOExTNPhU-00691-00151344-00151599": "you need and is there a way to reuse it", "0lHOExTNPhU-00692-00151600-00151887": "or to repurpose this material so reuse", "0lHOExTNPhU-00693-00151888-00152166": "same use again repurpose and alternative", "0lHOExTNPhU-00694-00152167-00152326": "use for it", "0lHOExTNPhU-00695-00152327-00152566": "recycle is the last resort because when", "0lHOExTNPhU-00696-00152567-00152711": "you recycle it", "0lHOExTNPhU-00697-00152712-00153031": "it decomposes including emitting in", "0lHOExTNPhU-00698-00153032-00153183": "greenhouse gases that make the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00699-00153184-00153335": "atmosphere worse", "0lHOExTNPhU-00700-00153336-00153559": "so we want to avoid getting to the point", "0lHOExTNPhU-00701-00153560-00153711": "where where we have stuff that we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00702-00153712-00154159": "recycle or rot same sort of process", "0lHOExTNPhU-00703-00154160-00154414": "now i glossed over that carbon", "0lHOExTNPhU-00704-00154415-00154614": "calculation and the choice about gloves", "0lHOExTNPhU-00705-00154615-00154759": "because i wanted to tell you about them", "0lHOExTNPhU-00706-00154760-00154926": "when we get to stitch", "0lHOExTNPhU-00707-00154927-00155247": "so stitch is a project of aic", "0lHOExTNPhU-00708-00155248-00155407": "funded by the national endowment for the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00709-00155408-00155543": "humanities", "0lHOExTNPhU-00710-00155544-00155790": "it's a website under construction but", "0lHOExTNPhU-00711-00155791-00155990": "open and operational", "0lHOExTNPhU-00712-00155991-00156183": "and it's life cycle assessment of the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00713-00156184-00156439": "things we use in collections care and it", "0lHOExTNPhU-00714-00156440-00156702": "has three types of materials in it of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00715-00156703-00156895": "resources in it", "0lHOExTNPhU-00716-00156896-00157111": "that carbon calculator where you compare", "0lHOExTNPhU-00717-00157112-00157407": "blueboard to regular cardboard", "0lHOExTNPhU-00718-00157408-00157663": "it has fact sheets which says hey what", "0lHOExTNPhU-00719-00157664-00157863": "is lifecycle assessment and how do i do", "0lHOExTNPhU-00720-00157864-00157926": "it", "0lHOExTNPhU-00721-00157927-00158223": "and then case studies which takes that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00722-00158224-00158487": "glove question a really complex club", "0lHOExTNPhU-00723-00158488-00158663": "question all the different types and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00724-00158664-00158911": "uses and reuses and materials in them", "0lHOExTNPhU-00725-00158912-00159166": "and examines them as a case study to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00726-00159167-00159351": "give you information about how to make", "0lHOExTNPhU-00727-00159352-00159495": "best choices", "0lHOExTNPhU-00728-00159496-00159751": "now the gloves case study is underway", "0lHOExTNPhU-00729-00159752-00159943": "it's not published yet but it will be", "0lHOExTNPhU-00730-00159944-00160111": "published by the end of the year but i", "0lHOExTNPhU-00731-00160112-00160287": "encourage you to go to stitch", "0lHOExTNPhU-00732-00160288-00160566": "right away you can use it to make good", "0lHOExTNPhU-00733-00160567-00160895": "choices about your work", "0lHOExTNPhU-00734-00160896-00161095": "now energy is next", "0lHOExTNPhU-00735-00161096-00161302": "if you haven't read sustainable", "0lHOExTNPhU-00736-00161303-00161502": "preservation practices it's the first", "0lHOExTNPhU-00737-00161503-00161783": "thing you do when this program is over", "0lHOExTNPhU-00738-00161784-00161943": "you go to the link at the bottom of the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00739-00161944-00162143": "screen and you can download the book for", "0lHOExTNPhU-00740-00162144-00162231": "free", "0lHOExTNPhU-00741-00162232-00162399": "or for twenty five dollars you can", "0lHOExTNPhU-00742-00162400-00162566": "purchase a copy and you see how well", "0lHOExTNPhU-00743-00162567-00162719": "used mine is", "0lHOExTNPhU-00744-00162720-00162935": "this is the best science available on", "0lHOExTNPhU-00745-00162936-00163143": "temperature and relative humidity and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00746-00163144-00163295": "how we can thoughtfully care for", "0lHOExTNPhU-00747-00163296-00163511": "collections while reducing how much", "0lHOExTNPhU-00748-00163512-00163678": "energy we use", "0lHOExTNPhU-00749-00163679-00163926": "the materials science for collections", "0lHOExTNPhU-00750-00163927-00164078": "care", "0lHOExTNPhU-00751-00164079-00164423": "of the current moment is far ahead", "0lHOExTNPhU-00752-00164424-00164671": "of the hvac", "0lHOExTNPhU-00753-00164672-00164926": "research that was conducted in the 1970s", "0lHOExTNPhU-00754-00164927-00165199": "about how to design an hvac system for a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00755-00165200-00165351": "museum", "0lHOExTNPhU-00756-00165352-00165726": "we have to bring our hvac operations up", "0lHOExTNPhU-00757-00165727-00166023": "in line with the material science and so", "0lHOExTNPhU-00758-00166024-00166231": "much of it is right here and so much of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00759-00166232-00166502": "it is provided and supported through aic", "0lHOExTNPhU-00760-00166503-00166751": "so please avail yourself of this even if", "0lHOExTNPhU-00761-00166752-00166999": "you don't feel like a scientist", "0lHOExTNPhU-00762-00167000-00167159": "the information is there and it's", "0lHOExTNPhU-00763-00167160-00167431": "accessible and you use it in partnership", "0lHOExTNPhU-00764-00167432-00167559": "with your engineers and your", "0lHOExTNPhU-00765-00167560-00167735": "conservators in order to make good", "0lHOExTNPhU-00766-00167736-00167887": "decisions for them", "0lHOExTNPhU-00767-00167888-00167966": "for", "0lHOExTNPhU-00768-00167967-00168135": "your collection", "0lHOExTNPhU-00769-00168136-00168335": "but before i leave this individual", "0lHOExTNPhU-00770-00168336-00168607": "agency section i want to warn you that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00771-00168608-00168887": "you should be aware of gaslighting and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00772-00168888-00169111": "misplaced emphasis", "0lHOExTNPhU-00773-00169112-00169295": "and this cartoon", "0lHOExTNPhU-00774-00169296-00169526": "talks about both of those things", "0lHOExTNPhU-00775-00169527-00169743": "so gaslighting is like blaming the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00776-00169744-00169943": "victim saying it's your responsibility", "0lHOExTNPhU-00777-00169944-00170175": "and deflecting the responsibility from", "0lHOExTNPhU-00778-00170176-00170447": "the real source", "0lHOExTNPhU-00779-00170448-00170671": "misplacing the emphasis is focusing on", "0lHOExTNPhU-00780-00170672-00170926": "the wrong thing to solve the problem", "0lHOExTNPhU-00781-00170927-00171159": "or to get to the results you want", "0lHOExTNPhU-00782-00171160-00171463": "so the issue about straws", "0lHOExTNPhU-00783-00171464-00171671": "they're light they're small they're", "0lHOExTNPhU-00784-00171672-00171887": "everywhere they blow into the ocean they", "0lHOExTNPhU-00785-00171888-00172014": "interfere with", "0lHOExTNPhU-00786-00172015-00172263": "wildlife in the ocean", "0lHOExTNPhU-00787-00172264-00172583": "that is not as substantial in impact on", "0lHOExTNPhU-00788-00172584-00172823": "wildlife in the ocean and on pollution", "0lHOExTNPhU-00789-00172824-00173063": "as the nets are so it's misplaced", "0lHOExTNPhU-00790-00173064-00173335": "emphasis if all we do is focus on straws", "0lHOExTNPhU-00791-00173336-00173566": "and not on getting the ghost nets out of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00792-00173567-00173807": "the ocean and stop using nets which", "0lHOExTNPhU-00793-00173808-00174054": "brings us to the gaslighting part", "0lHOExTNPhU-00794-00174055-00174254": "it's not our fault that all the straws", "0lHOExTNPhU-00795-00174255-00174495": "exist and that they're in the ocean", "0lHOExTNPhU-00796-00174496-00174735": "somebody produces those straws", "0lHOExTNPhU-00797-00174736-00174935": "sells them and puts them in our drink", "0lHOExTNPhU-00798-00174936-00175166": "without asking us", "0lHOExTNPhU-00799-00175167-00175247": "so", "0lHOExTNPhU-00800-00175248-00175519": "all the guilt we have about straws is", "0lHOExTNPhU-00801-00175520-00175783": "misplaced responsibility for the problem", "0lHOExTNPhU-00802-00175784-00176087": "it starts back at a higher level which", "0lHOExTNPhU-00803-00176088-00176214": "is why", "0lHOExTNPhU-00804-00176215-00176483": "collective and proxy agency are so", "0lHOExTNPhU-00805-00176484-00176711": "important so let's get to collective", "0lHOExTNPhU-00806-00176712-00176887": "agency", "0lHOExTNPhU-00807-00176888-00177087": "we learned an awful lot about the role", "0lHOExTNPhU-00808-00177088-00177414": "of collective agency during cobit 19.", "0lHOExTNPhU-00809-00177415-00177543": "there are", "0lHOExTNPhU-00810-00177544-00177807": "activities that individual", "0lHOExTNPhU-00811-00177808-00178047": "individuals must take on behalf of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00812-00178048-00178183": "others", "0lHOExTNPhU-00813-00178184-00178383": "but those activities are far more", "0lHOExTNPhU-00814-00178384-00178502": "effective", "0lHOExTNPhU-00815-00178503-00178726": "when more of us do it", "0lHOExTNPhU-00816-00178727-00178919": "one person wears a mask", "0lHOExTNPhU-00817-00178920-00179126": "it's better than no one wearing a mask", "0lHOExTNPhU-00818-00179127-00179335": "everyone wearing a mask helps us solve", "0lHOExTNPhU-00819-00179336-00179631": "the problem the same for vaccinations", "0lHOExTNPhU-00820-00179632-00179919": "all of those practices that approach", "0lHOExTNPhU-00821-00179920-00180126": "applies to climate action", "0lHOExTNPhU-00822-00180127-00180383": "use the science take individual action", "0lHOExTNPhU-00823-00180384-00180638": "but cooperative behavior makes the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00824-00180639-00180887": "difference makes a difference at a scale", "0lHOExTNPhU-00825-00180888-00181159": "that moves the needle that really", "0lHOExTNPhU-00826-00181160-00181407": "changes things", "0lHOExTNPhU-00827-00181408-00181583": "how do we do collective", "0lHOExTNPhU-00828-00181584-00181775": "action right now", "0lHOExTNPhU-00829-00181776-00181990": "you can support aic's sustainability", "0lHOExTNPhU-00830-00181991-00182183": "committee or the environment and climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-00831-00182184-00182526": "committees of aam and aaslh they need", "0lHOExTNPhU-00832-00182527-00182790": "volunteers to spread the word to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00833-00182791-00183031": "bring up presentation ideas to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00834-00183032-00183343": "contribute research to contribute data", "0lHOExTNPhU-00835-00183344-00183590": "please join those and support them in", "0lHOExTNPhU-00836-00183591-00183799": "any way that they ask that you're able", "0lHOExTNPhU-00837-00183800-00184038": "to do you can't do everything choose the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00838-00184039-00184231": "things that are good for you valuable", "0lHOExTNPhU-00839-00184232-00184438": "for you and of interest", "0lHOExTNPhU-00840-00184439-00184623": "you can volunteer for disaster relief", "0lHOExTNPhU-00841-00184624-00184814": "training you can start a green team at", "0lHOExTNPhU-00842-00184815-00184895": "work", "0lHOExTNPhU-00843-00184896-00185159": "you can start a green buddy group from", "0lHOExTNPhU-00844-00185160-00185359": "other museums in your region and meet", "0lHOExTNPhU-00845-00185360-00185566": "for green drinks on friday night and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00846-00185567-00185766": "talk about what you're doing in order to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00847-00185767-00186031": "address green issues at your museum", "0lHOExTNPhU-00848-00186032-00186207": "that's the beginning of cooperative", "0lHOExTNPhU-00849-00186208-00186375": "agency", "0lHOExTNPhU-00850-00186376-00186543": "you can all gang together and talk to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00851-00186544-00186783": "our suppliers and tell them that you", "0lHOExTNPhU-00852-00186784-00187054": "require more sustainable", "0lHOExTNPhU-00853-00187055-00187407": "materials and practices in your work", "0lHOExTNPhU-00854-00187408-00187599": "and you can encourage them", "0lHOExTNPhU-00855-00187600-00187759": "to provide information about the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00856-00187760-00187983": "materials they do produce to the folks", "0lHOExTNPhU-00857-00187984-00188159": "who are doing stitch the life cycle", "0lHOExTNPhU-00858-00188160-00188350": "assessment project so that we can make", "0lHOExTNPhU-00859-00188351-00188575": "sure all those materials", "0lHOExTNPhU-00860-00188576-00188775": "can be part of the carbon calculator we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00861-00188776-00189054": "can understand how to make best choices", "0lHOExTNPhU-00862-00189055-00189231": "all of these choices are going to be", "0lHOExTNPhU-00863-00189232-00189463": "trade-offs there are no clear answers", "0lHOExTNPhU-00864-00189464-00189711": "but the more information we have", "0lHOExTNPhU-00865-00189712-00189871": "the better we're able to make those", "0lHOExTNPhU-00866-00189872-00190143": "choices", "0lHOExTNPhU-00867-00190144-00190399": "and a collective ad", "0lHOExTNPhU-00868-00190400-00190511": "activity", "0lHOExTNPhU-00869-00190512-00190759": "would be for us to work together within", "0lHOExTNPhU-00870-00190760-00191038": "the sector to call for smart energy", "0lHOExTNPhU-00871-00191039-00191366": "efficient approaches to this work", "0lHOExTNPhU-00872-00191367-00191454": "so", "0lHOExTNPhU-00873-00191455-00191743": "remember i talked about that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00874-00191744-00192063": "the 1970s hvac approach doesn't match", "0lHOExTNPhU-00875-00192064-00192271": "with the material science", "0lHOExTNPhU-00876-00192272-00192359": "well", "0lHOExTNPhU-00877-00192360-00192750": "that 70 50 rule comes from that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00878-00192751-00193078": "we have determined a decade ago", "0lHOExTNPhU-00879-00193079-00193407": "that the 70 50 rule for all objects no", "0lHOExTNPhU-00880-00193408-00193638": "longer applies", "0lHOExTNPhU-00881-00193639-00193871": "but that if we applied the climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-00882-00193872-00194119": "science i mean the conservation science", "0lHOExTNPhU-00883-00194120-00194350": "working with conservators and hvac", "0lHOExTNPhU-00884-00194351-00194535": "engineers we can come up with", "0lHOExTNPhU-00885-00194536-00194735": "museum-specific approaches for caring", "0lHOExTNPhU-00886-00194736-00194959": "for collections", "0lHOExTNPhU-00887-00194960-00195214": "the beso group and many others agreed", "0lHOExTNPhU-00888-00195215-00195463": "that this was the appropriate approach", "0lHOExTNPhU-00889-00195464-00195702": "but it has not taken up", "0lHOExTNPhU-00890-00195703-00195935": "been taken up across the field", "0lHOExTNPhU-00891-00195936-00196199": "if we ask at every museum that we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00892-00196200-00196383": "examine and consider these rules and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00893-00196384-00196614": "adopt them then we will be able to move", "0lHOExTNPhU-00894-00196615-00196743": "the needle", "0lHOExTNPhU-00895-00196744-00196919": "but right now it's stuck", "0lHOExTNPhU-00896-00196920-00197078": "and we need your help to bring up that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00897-00197079-00197423": "conversation at each institution", "0lHOExTNPhU-00898-00197424-00197719": "which means we have to think differently", "0lHOExTNPhU-00899-00197720-00197871": "which is hard", "0lHOExTNPhU-00900-00197872-00198119": "um we have to rethink every single one", "0lHOExTNPhU-00901-00198120-00198295": "of our activities we have to rethink", "0lHOExTNPhU-00902-00198296-00198502": "that hvac rule", "0lHOExTNPhU-00903-00198503-00198663": "and it requires us to do some things", "0lHOExTNPhU-00904-00198664-00198838": "that are a little risky", "0lHOExTNPhU-00905-00198839-00198975": "in our minds", "0lHOExTNPhU-00906-00198976-00199190": "and require us to examine a different", "0lHOExTNPhU-00907-00199191-00199463": "approach and there are two", "0lHOExTNPhU-00908-00199464-00199766": "currently discussed approaches available", "0lHOExTNPhU-00909-00199767-00199990": "through articheck that are asking us to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00910-00199991-00200190": "think differently", "0lHOExTNPhU-00911-00200191-00200463": "and this one about doing examinations of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00912-00200464-00200583": "objects", "0lHOExTNPhU-00913-00200584-00200783": "conditions reporting and sharing", "0lHOExTNPhU-00914-00200784-00201031": "information about collections", "0lHOExTNPhU-00915-00201032-00201319": "gives you a way to do all of this work", "0lHOExTNPhU-00916-00201320-00201607": "without paper", "0lHOExTNPhU-00917-00201608-00201814": "it can be considered a green practice", "0lHOExTNPhU-00918-00201815-00202014": "because there's no paper", "0lHOExTNPhU-00919-00202015-00202175": "but i'm sure you're saying but what", "0lHOExTNPhU-00920-00202176-00202383": "about that ipad and what about the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00921-00202384-00202566": "energy to run it what about the cloud", "0lHOExTNPhU-00922-00202567-00202838": "energy that cost you'd be right there", "0lHOExTNPhU-00923-00202839-00203207": "that is the life cycle approach to a", "0lHOExTNPhU-00924-00203208-00203438": "choice about sustainability with an", "0lHOExTNPhU-00925-00203439-00203678": "electronic material", "0lHOExTNPhU-00926-00203679-00203823": "but if you", "0lHOExTNPhU-00927-00203824-00204078": "compare that ipad and all of its uses to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00928-00204079-00204263": "just one piece of paper then your", "0lHOExTNPhU-00929-00204264-00204487": "equation will be off", "0lHOExTNPhU-00930-00204488-00204671": "so you want to think about are there", "0lHOExTNPhU-00931-00204672-00204990": "co-benefits to this new practice", "0lHOExTNPhU-00932-00204991-00205223": "that have other efficiencies does it", "0lHOExTNPhU-00933-00205223-00205446": "improve the quality of information or", "0lHOExTNPhU-00934-00205448-00205655": "does it mean more people have access to", "0lHOExTNPhU-00935-00205656-00205934": "better information or does it", "0lHOExTNPhU-00936-00205935-00206142": "save the amount of time required to do", "0lHOExTNPhU-00937-00206144-00206406": "this work is it efficient in other ways", "0lHOExTNPhU-00938-00206407-00206686": "if there are sufficient co-benefits", "0lHOExTNPhU-00939-00206687-00206838": "then it might be the thing that you need", "0lHOExTNPhU-00940-00206839-00207119": "to pursue", "0lHOExTNPhU-00941-00207119-00207294": "here's another example of understanding", "0lHOExTNPhU-00942-00207296-00207606": "the options covid19 taught us that", "0lHOExTNPhU-00943-00207607-00207894": "objects can travel without people", "0lHOExTNPhU-00944-00207896-00208127": "it was scary it was terrifying but the", "0lHOExTNPhU-00945-00208128-00208358": "objects could go and the people couldn't", "0lHOExTNPhU-00946-00208359-00208679": "because of kobit 19 and in its space", "0lHOExTNPhU-00947-00208680-00208966": "virtual couriers and bookend couriers", "0lHOExTNPhU-00948-00208967-00209255": "moved higher up on the possibility list", "0lHOExTNPhU-00949-00209256-00209519": "of sustainable of practice", "0lHOExTNPhU-00950-00209519-00209710": "and they happen to have sustainability", "0lHOExTNPhU-00951-00209711-00209831": "features", "0lHOExTNPhU-00952-00209832-00210023": "a life cycle assessment of the loan of", "0lHOExTNPhU-00953-00210023-00210351": "an object tells us that by far", "0lHOExTNPhU-00954-00210352-00210551": "the biggest carbon impact is the travel", "0lHOExTNPhU-00955-00210552-00210958": "of the courier back forth back and forth", "0lHOExTNPhU-00956-00210959-00211110": "we've come up with other approaches", "0lHOExTNPhU-00957-00211111-00211342": "where one courier takes multiple objects", "0lHOExTNPhU-00958-00211344-00211519": "instead of four different couriers going", "0lHOExTNPhU-00959-00211519-00211671": "with four objects", "0lHOExTNPhU-00960-00211671-00211879": "this is another evolution of that in", "0lHOExTNPhU-00961-00211880-00212119": "some cases having a bookend or a virtual", "0lHOExTNPhU-00962-00212119-00212231": "courier", "0lHOExTNPhU-00963-00212232-00212431": "is good for the object", "0lHOExTNPhU-00964-00212432-00212687": "and it reduces greenhouse gas emissions", "0lHOExTNPhU-00965-00212688-00213055": "so it's something we can consider", "0lHOExTNPhU-00966-00213056-00213239": "we can consider also whether or not we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00967-00213240-00213519": "make all those loans", "0lHOExTNPhU-00968-00213519-00213734": "knowing the greenhouse gas impacts of an", "0lHOExTNPhU-00969-00213735-00213879": "exhibit", "0lHOExTNPhU-00970-00213880-00214079": "including all of the loans will help us", "0lHOExTNPhU-00971-00214080-00214239": "make a decision about whether or not", "0lHOExTNPhU-00972-00214240-00214503": "it's worth that investment can five", "0lHOExTNPhU-00973-00214504-00214703": "objects instead of 10 tell the same", "0lHOExTNPhU-00974-00214704-00214839": "story", "0lHOExTNPhU-00975-00214840-00215046": "can any virtual", "0lHOExTNPhU-00976-00215048-00215142": "version", "0lHOExTNPhU-00977-00215144-00215319": "make a difference", "0lHOExTNPhU-00978-00215319-00215471": "it's important that we think about", "0lHOExTNPhU-00979-00215471-00215623": "whether or not we want to take on high", "0lHOExTNPhU-00980-00215623-00215846": "maintenance loans or we want to send all", "0lHOExTNPhU-00981-00215848-00216142": "of our loans", "0lHOExTNPhU-00982-00216144-00216310": "and we need to think about right sizing", "0lHOExTNPhU-00983-00216311-00216534": "our collections so as a field can we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00984-00216535-00216846": "have a conversation about whether or not", "0lHOExTNPhU-00985-00216848-00217031": "all collections are cared for as if", "0lHOExTNPhU-00986-00217032-00217167": "they're rembrandts", "0lHOExTNPhU-00987-00217167-00217398": "can we restart that collection", "0lHOExTNPhU-00988-00217400-00217510": "discussion", "0lHOExTNPhU-00989-00217511-00217671": "about tiering", "0lHOExTNPhU-00990-00217671-00217967": "care and prioritization", "0lHOExTNPhU-00991-00217967-00218182": "can we restart the collection about what", "0lHOExTNPhU-00992-00218183-00218342": "the conversation about whether or not we", "0lHOExTNPhU-00993-00218344-00218527": "need to keep everything", "0lHOExTNPhU-00994-00218528-00218703": "and do we need to keep everything and", "0lHOExTNPhU-00995-00218704-00218879": "for how long", "0lHOExTNPhU-00996-00218880-00219039": "we've always felt that we give", "0lHOExTNPhU-00997-00219040-00219342": "everything the best care in perpetuity", "0lHOExTNPhU-00998-00219344-00219567": "but if it costs us the health and safety", "0lHOExTNPhU-00999-00219567-00219703": "of the planet", "0lHOExTNPhU-01000-00219704-00219806": "or", "0lHOExTNPhU-01001-00219807-00220023": "if the planet is so damaged that we", "0lHOExTNPhU-01002-00220023-00220271": "can't care for the collections", "0lHOExTNPhU-01003-00220271-00220742": "then what sense does it make", "0lHOExTNPhU-01004-00220744-00221023": "which moves us to proxy agency where you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01005-00221023-00221310": "ask others to influence on your behalf", "0lHOExTNPhU-01006-00221311-00221519": "the things that are outside your control", "0lHOExTNPhU-01007-00221519-00221782": "somebody else has the power to do", "0lHOExTNPhU-01008-00221783-00222191": "and you need them to do it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01009-00222192-00222375": "that's where we ask the folks who make", "0lHOExTNPhU-01010-00222376-00222510": "policy", "0lHOExTNPhU-01011-00222511-00222694": "to consider our requests and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01012-00222696-00222951": "requirements on behalf of environment", "0lHOExTNPhU-01013-00222952-00223094": "and climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-01014-00223096-00223319": "we asked them to change their approaches", "0lHOExTNPhU-01015-00223319-00223591": "to exhibit loans and borrowing", "0lHOExTNPhU-01016-00223592-00223742": "we asked them to change their approach", "0lHOExTNPhU-01017-00223744-00224006": "to exhibit design can we specify more", "0lHOExTNPhU-01018-00224007-00224239": "sustainable materials in our exhibits", "0lHOExTNPhU-01019-00224240-00224663": "can we put that in the contract", "0lHOExTNPhU-01020-00224664-00224823": "can we think about accessioning and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01021-00224823-00225175": "de-accessioning in ways that involve", "0lHOExTNPhU-01022-00225176-00225423": "a carbon footprint for collections care", "0lHOExTNPhU-01023-00225423-00225742": "or that involve a limited capacity", "0lHOExTNPhU-01024-00225744-00226039": "when objects come come in is there an", "0lHOExTNPhU-01025-00226040-00226215": "object that goes out", "0lHOExTNPhU-01026-00226216-00226519": "are there more exacting criteria of what", "0lHOExTNPhU-01027-00226519-00226767": "gets selected", "0lHOExTNPhU-01028-00226767-00226903": "how do we go about that date", "0lHOExTNPhU-01029-00226904-00227071": "accessioning process", "0lHOExTNPhU-01030-00227071-00227191": "does", "0lHOExTNPhU-01031-00227192-00227415": "climb the climate carrying cost of an", "0lHOExTNPhU-01032-00227416-00227631": "object factor into whether or not you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01033-00227632-00227927": "keep it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01034-00227928-00228223": "collections management triage tears and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01035-00228223-00228398": "tears and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01036-00228400-00228703": "conditions care so we're learning in a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01037-00228704-00228919": "face of a disaster that we need to know", "0lHOExTNPhU-01038-00228919-00229063": "what the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01039-00229064-00229446": "tears are for the things we rescue first", "0lHOExTNPhU-01040-00229448-00229742": "those same tiers can apply to what are", "0lHOExTNPhU-01041-00229744-00229958": "the things that we put the most effort", "0lHOExTNPhU-01042-00229959-00230239": "into caring for the most energy and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01043-00230240-00230463": "materials that affect the climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-01044-00230464-00230639": "the tier three stuff the one at the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01045-00230640-00230855": "bottom doesn't get the same investment", "0lHOExTNPhU-01046-00230856-00230998": "as tier one", "0lHOExTNPhU-01047-00231000-00231182": "we can't save everything we can't do", "0lHOExTNPhU-01048-00231183-00231439": "everything we need to make choices", "0lHOExTNPhU-01049-00231440-00231687": "how are we going to do those", "0lHOExTNPhU-01050-00231688-00231910": "and you ask the policy makers to think", "0lHOExTNPhU-01051-00231911-00232167": "about energy management let's get back", "0lHOExTNPhU-01052-00232167-00232310": "to more", "0lHOExTNPhU-01053-00232311-00232551": "to let's get to that energy efficient", "0lHOExTNPhU-01054-00232552-00232767": "approach with responsive collections", "0lHOExTNPhU-01055-00232767-00232855": "care", "0lHOExTNPhU-01056-00232856-00233231": "with temperature and relative humidity", "0lHOExTNPhU-01057-00233232-00233439": "and conservation", "0lHOExTNPhU-01058-00233440-00233551": "let's", "0lHOExTNPhU-01059-00233552-00233903": "ask our policy makers to pursue projects", "0lHOExTNPhU-01060-00233904-00234134": "that develop and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01061-00234135-00234351": "that develop and distribute", "0lHOExTNPhU-01062-00234352-00234542": "clean collections care materials", "0lHOExTNPhU-01063-00234544-00234703": "materials that do not hurt the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01064-00234704-00234879": "environment but they do help the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01065-00234880-00235094": "collection we might need a little more", "0lHOExTNPhU-01066-00235096-00235327": "power behind us", "0lHOExTNPhU-01067-00235328-00235463": "but there are some other things you can", "0lHOExTNPhU-01068-00235464-00235694": "do in your institution that others will", "0lHOExTNPhU-01069-00235696-00235991": "do on on your behalf and you can ask", "0lHOExTNPhU-01070-00235992-00236198": "whoever's in charge of hr or if you're", "0lHOExTNPhU-01071-00236200-00236415": "in charge of hr you can do this work", "0lHOExTNPhU-01072-00236416-00236639": "yourself", "0lHOExTNPhU-01073-00236640-00236806": "say that we need people in this", "0lHOExTNPhU-01074-00236807-00236934": "profession", "0lHOExTNPhU-01075-00236935-00237134": "all people in this profession to have", "0lHOExTNPhU-01076-00237135-00237334": "climate and environment training", "0lHOExTNPhU-01077-00237335-00237598": "exposure or experience or awareness any", "0lHOExTNPhU-01078-00237600-00237815": "of those four things is valuable make it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01079-00237816-00237998": "a priority that this is part of the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01080-00238000-00238103": "discussion", "0lHOExTNPhU-01081-00238104-00238367": "put it in training programs", "0lHOExTNPhU-01082-00238367-00238542": "ask for it as part of the criteria for", "0lHOExTNPhU-01083-00238544-00238798": "hiring the next person who joins you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01084-00238800-00239079": "maybe even make it desired or required", "0lHOExTNPhU-01085-00239080-00239327": "in job descriptions asking for this on", "0lHOExTNPhU-01086-00239328-00239703": "your behalf will raise the power of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01087-00239704-00240223": "climate action in your institution", "0lHOExTNPhU-01088-00240223-00240471": "and you ask other folks on your staff if", "0lHOExTNPhU-01089-00240471-00240671": "you have more than one or you ask on", "0lHOExTNPhU-01090-00240671-00240846": "your board", "0lHOExTNPhU-01091-00240848-00241094": "to make changes on behalf of the museum", "0lHOExTNPhU-01092-00241096-00241279": "and the planet", "0lHOExTNPhU-01093-00241280-00241423": "ask them", "0lHOExTNPhU-01094-00241423-00241639": "to sign up for energy star portfolio", "0lHOExTNPhU-01095-00241640-00241879": "manager in order to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01096-00241880-00242103": "record your energy use in your carbon", "0lHOExTNPhU-01097-00242104-00242223": "footprint", "0lHOExTNPhU-01098-00242223-00242479": "and then make that part of creating an", "0lHOExTNPhU-01099-00242480-00242758": "energy star score for museums", "0lHOExTNPhU-01100-00242759-00242934": "there isn't one now", "0lHOExTNPhU-01101-00242935-00243103": "i don't know if you know that in order", "0lHOExTNPhU-01102-00243104-00243406": "to get leed certification", "0lHOExTNPhU-01103-00243407-00243646": "a simpler path to leed certification is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01104-00243648-00243855": "to get an energy star score of your", "0lHOExTNPhU-01105-00243856-00244030": "efficiency", "0lHOExTNPhU-01106-00244031-00244271": "museums can't get an energy star score", "0lHOExTNPhU-01107-00244271-00244423": "because there aren't enough museums", "0lHOExTNPhU-01108-00244423-00244615": "contributing data to energy star", "0lHOExTNPhU-01109-00244616-00245030": "portfolio manager a free monitoring tool", "0lHOExTNPhU-01110-00245031-00245215": "if we can get that number up then we've", "0lHOExTNPhU-01111-00245216-00245463": "got benchmarking and we compare our own", "0lHOExTNPhU-01112-00245464-00245710": "operations to other museums and we can", "0lHOExTNPhU-01113-00245711-00245927": "do lead efficiency or we can just", "0lHOExTNPhU-01114-00245928-00246367": "compare our own work to our peers", "0lHOExTNPhU-01115-00246367-00246534": "ask your leadership", "0lHOExTNPhU-01116-00246535-00246855": "to do a carbon footprint of your museum", "0lHOExTNPhU-01117-00246856-00247030": "i don't care how simple it is or how", "0lHOExTNPhU-01118-00247031-00247279": "complex do a carbon footprint of your", "0lHOExTNPhU-01119-00247280-00247575": "museum create a baseline and then start", "0lHOExTNPhU-01120-00247576-00247806": "measuring against it because that will", "0lHOExTNPhU-01121-00247807-00248015": "help everyone understand the role of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01122-00248016-00248167": "environment and climate in museum", "0lHOExTNPhU-01123-00248167-00248342": "operations", "0lHOExTNPhU-01124-00248344-00248615": "and then ask your curators and educators", "0lHOExTNPhU-01125-00248616-00248830": "to talk about climate change", "0lHOExTNPhU-01126-00248831-00248998": "and to position the museum in the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01127-00249000-00249239": "discussion as an actor on behalf of the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01128-00249240-00249719": "community on addressing climate change", "0lHOExTNPhU-01129-00249719-00249998": "ask the planners to make some changes", "0lHOExTNPhU-01130-00250000-00250191": "ask for sustainability topics and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01131-00250192-00250358": "conferences", "0lHOExTNPhU-01132-00250359-00250575": "ask them to continue to allow virtual", "0lHOExTNPhU-01133-00250576-00250815": "participation", "0lHOExTNPhU-01134-00250816-00251023": "it's a socially responsible approach", "0lHOExTNPhU-01135-00251023-00251230": "because more people can participate", "0lHOExTNPhU-01136-00251231-00251487": "virtually than they can in person", "0lHOExTNPhU-01137-00251488-00251671": "and it reduces the amount of carbon", "0lHOExTNPhU-01138-00251671-00251887": "impact from air travel or train travel", "0lHOExTNPhU-01139-00251888-00252046": "or car travel", "0lHOExTNPhU-01140-00252048-00252246": "and if you decide to go in person", "0lHOExTNPhU-01141-00252248-00252455": "can you go by train and can you go with", "0lHOExTNPhU-01142-00252456-00252639": "a carpool", "0lHOExTNPhU-01143-00252640-00252839": "so how can you reduce your energy", "0lHOExTNPhU-01144-00252840-00253039": "transportation impacts on attending a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01145-00253040-00253415": "conference", "0lHOExTNPhU-01146-00253416-00253630": "you can ask the folks who are planning", "0lHOExTNPhU-01147-00253631-00253839": "your storage to think about energy", "0lHOExTNPhU-01148-00253840-00254142": "efficiency human access you know so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01149-00254144-00254398": "when they design collection storage and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01150-00254400-00254598": "the energy systems and the conditions", "0lHOExTNPhU-01151-00254600-00254830": "for it are they taking into account", "0lHOExTNPhU-01152-00254831-00255055": "human access to that space", "0lHOExTNPhU-01153-00255056-00255319": "or do we need to create schedules and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01154-00255319-00255503": "access systems", "0lHOExTNPhU-01155-00255504-00255727": "that support the efficiency", "0lHOExTNPhU-01156-00255728-00255958": "of that storage space and operations in", "0lHOExTNPhU-01157-00255959-00256110": "that storage space", "0lHOExTNPhU-01158-00256111-00256423": "ask them to be thoughtful about size you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01159-00256423-00256663": "know we designed these storage places in", "0lHOExTNPhU-01160-00256664-00256846": "order to have 10 more years of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01161-00256848-00256958": "collecting", "0lHOExTNPhU-01162-00256959-00257167": "does that make sense to have 10 more", "0lHOExTNPhU-01163-00257167-00257327": "years of collecting space that we're", "0lHOExTNPhU-01164-00257328-00257534": "currently conditioning and waiting to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01165-00257535-00257758": "fill", "0lHOExTNPhU-01166-00257759-00257975": "and we can ask the folks that plan for", "0lHOExTNPhU-01167-00257976-00258271": "disasters to plan for resilience", "0lHOExTNPhU-01168-00258271-00258446": "don't just plan for our crisis and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01169-00258448-00258558": "recover", "0lHOExTNPhU-01170-00258559-00258839": "plan for surviving the crisis and coming", "0lHOExTNPhU-01171-00258840-00259079": "out of it better than we were before", "0lHOExTNPhU-01172-00259080-00259391": "preparing for many not just 100 year", "0lHOExTNPhU-01173-00259392-00259630": "floods but prepare as if there will be a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01174-00259631-00259815": "flood where there will be a heat event", "0lHOExTNPhU-01175-00259816-00260039": "or there will be an energy event every", "0lHOExTNPhU-01176-00260040-00260294": "single year and how do we protect our", "0lHOExTNPhU-01177-00260296-00260551": "institution from that protect our", "0lHOExTNPhU-01178-00260552-00260775": "business protect our collections protect", "0lHOExTNPhU-01179-00260776-00261030": "our people", "0lHOExTNPhU-01180-00261031-00261327": "and here's the ultimate example of proxy", "0lHOExTNPhU-01181-00261328-00261534": "action", "0lHOExTNPhU-01182-00261535-00261630": "so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01183-00261631-00261919": "the united states in april rejoined the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01184-00261919-00262071": "paris agreement", "0lHOExTNPhU-01185-00262071-00262279": "and the president announced a nationally", "0lHOExTNPhU-01186-00262280-00262479": "determined contribution", "0lHOExTNPhU-01187-00262480-00262647": "to the paris goals", "0lHOExTNPhU-01188-00262648-00262830": "of reducing our", "0lHOExTNPhU-01189-00262831-00263087": "united states greenhouse gas emissions", "0lHOExTNPhU-01190-00263088-00263575": "by 50 to 52 percent by the year 2030.", "0lHOExTNPhU-01191-00263576-00263782": "when they made that announcement", "0lHOExTNPhU-01192-00263783-00264110": "they mentioned cultural institutions", "0lHOExTNPhU-01193-00264111-00264206": "because", "0lHOExTNPhU-01194-00264207-00264391": "cultural institutions have joined", "0lHOExTNPhU-01195-00264392-00264719": "america is all in and we are still in", "0lHOExTNPhU-01196-00264720-00264887": "in making a point", "0lHOExTNPhU-01197-00264888-00265127": "that this work to protect the climate is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01198-00265128-00265343": "important to all of us it requires all", "0lHOExTNPhU-01199-00265344-00265615": "of society to participate and that means", "0lHOExTNPhU-01200-00265616-00265839": "cultural institutions", "0lHOExTNPhU-01201-00265840-00265975": "the president of the united states", "0lHOExTNPhU-01202-00265976-00266143": "didn't mention cultural institutions", "0lHOExTNPhU-01203-00266144-00266287": "because we were silent and in the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01204-00266288-00266406": "background", "0lHOExTNPhU-01205-00266407-00266623": "they included us in the calculations and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01206-00266624-00266775": "in the announcement because we keep", "0lHOExTNPhU-01207-00266776-00266999": "raising our hands and saying that we're", "0lHOExTNPhU-01208-00267000-00267151": "important to our communities we're", "0lHOExTNPhU-01209-00267152-00267310": "important to climate action and we're", "0lHOExTNPhU-01210-00267311-00267463": "here to help", "0lHOExTNPhU-01211-00267464-00267695": "that's proxy agency and that's something", "0lHOExTNPhU-01212-00267696-00267951": "we're able to pull off", "0lHOExTNPhU-01213-00267952-00268119": "now i'm going to pause right here and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01214-00268120-00268303": "give us a chance to have all the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01215-00268304-00268430": "questions i'm going to turn off my", "0lHOExTNPhU-01216-00268431-00268527": "screen", "0lHOExTNPhU-01217-00268528-00268775": "we're going to do our discussion and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01218-00268776-00268991": "then when we feel like we've exhausted", "0lHOExTNPhU-01219-00268992-00269215": "that i've got about 10 more minutes of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01220-00269216-00269391": "concluding slides i want to share with", "0lHOExTNPhU-01221-00269392-00269551": "you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01222-00269552-00269782": "so i see we've got a few questions", "0lHOExTNPhU-01223-00269783-00270015": "we do um and i would encourage everyone", "0lHOExTNPhU-01224-00270016-00270263": "to put some questions in the q a box and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01225-00270264-00270463": "we'll get to them as we go but yes we do", "0lHOExTNPhU-01226-00270464-00270575": "definitely", "0lHOExTNPhU-01227-00270576-00270727": "um i'll start with the first one that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01228-00270728-00270951": "came in which is where can i learn more", "0lHOExTNPhU-01229-00270952-00271175": "about disaster relief training i'm not", "0lHOExTNPhU-01230-00271176-00271599": "currently at a museum thanks", "0lHOExTNPhU-01231-00271600-00271830": "i'm sure somebody from aic actually has", "0lHOExTNPhU-01232-00271831-00272103": "a better answer than i do on that i can", "0lHOExTNPhU-01233-00272104-00272247": "give a couple just because i do some", "0lHOExTNPhU-01234-00272248-00272391": "disaster planning as well i live in", "0lHOExTNPhU-01235-00272392-00272582": "florida so i feel like most of my year", "0lHOExTNPhU-01236-00272583-00272934": "is spent since faster planning um hentif", "0lHOExTNPhU-01237-00272935-00273175": "which is one of the big groups is a good", "0lHOExTNPhU-01238-00273176-00273406": "area to go to the heritage emergency", "0lHOExTNPhU-01239-00273407-00273606": "network i think is their acronym or", "0lHOExTNPhU-01240-00273607-00273799": "something along that line oh excuse me", "0lHOExTNPhU-01241-00273800-00274015": "heritage emergency national task force", "0lHOExTNPhU-01242-00274016-00274295": "go check them out aic has emergency", "0lHOExTNPhU-01243-00274296-00274439": "planning and stuff so i would check out", "0lHOExTNPhU-01244-00274440-00274671": "their website as well another group i", "0lHOExTNPhU-01245-00274672-00274830": "work with arcs the association of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01246-00274831-00274982": "registrars and collection specialists", "0lHOExTNPhU-01247-00274983-00275119": "there's an emergency subcommittee", "0lHOExTNPhU-01248-00275120-00275279": "they're actually running webinar", "0lHOExTNPhU-01249-00275280-00275471": "training right now and it's made more", "0lHOExTNPhU-01250-00275472-00275671": "for registrars and collections managers", "0lHOExTNPhU-01251-00275672-00275823": "i would encourage you to go check out", "0lHOExTNPhU-01252-00275824-00276023": "that group um if you were looking for", "0lHOExTNPhU-01253-00276024-00276206": "like a webinar series so there's quite a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01254-00276207-00276430": "lot out there to kind of help out with", "0lHOExTNPhU-01255-00276431-00276630": "um disaster training and all that so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01256-00276631-00276806": "yeah i would i would take a look for all", "0lHOExTNPhU-01257-00276807-00277006": "those for sure", "0lHOExTNPhU-01258-00277007-00277271": "um the next question says a local", "0lHOExTNPhU-01259-00277272-00277471": "organic market market", "0lHOExTNPhU-01260-00277472-00277679": "used terracycle for a wide number of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01261-00277680-00277934": "materials and had a large bank of bins", "0lHOExTNPhU-01262-00277935-00278103": "for the public to utilize", "0lHOExTNPhU-01263-00278104-00278279": "but subsequently the market reported", "0lHOExTNPhU-01264-00278280-00278463": "issues the way terracycle actually dealt", "0lHOExTNPhU-01265-00278464-00278655": "with the materials and stopped using", "0lHOExTNPhU-01266-00278656-00278806": "them perhaps this was a singular", "0lHOExTNPhU-01267-00278807-00278967": "incident but i wonder if anyone else has", "0lHOExTNPhU-01268-00278968-00279158": "heard similar reports now there are", "0lHOExTNPhU-01269-00279159-00279334": "other organizations that offer the same", "0lHOExTNPhU-01270-00279335-00279543": "types of recycling services so do you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01271-00279544-00279679": "have any experience with any other", "0lHOExTNPhU-01272-00279680-00280006": "groups like that sarah", "0lHOExTNPhU-01273-00280007-00280310": "i have found that some destinations like", "0lHOExTNPhU-01274-00280311-00280415": "uh", "0lHOExTNPhU-01275-00280416-00280719": "whole foods or um", "0lHOExTNPhU-01276-00280720-00280999": "particular agencies will be a collector", "0lHOExTNPhU-01277-00281000-00281382": "of materials like recycling gloves um", "0lHOExTNPhU-01278-00281383-00281543": "and that's very", "0lHOExTNPhU-01279-00281544-00281703": "locally based", "0lHOExTNPhU-01280-00281704-00281791": "i've", "0lHOExTNPhU-01281-00281792-00281982": "i know that um", "0lHOExTNPhU-01282-00281983-00282167": "in dc", "0lHOExTNPhU-01283-00282168-00282399": "the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01284-00282400-00282582": "dumbarton house", "0lHOExTNPhU-01285-00282583-00282871": "organized the local historic house group", "0lHOExTNPhU-01286-00282872-00283167": "to have a collective for collecting", "0lHOExTNPhU-01287-00283168-00283471": "gloves for recycling as a way to have", "0lHOExTNPhU-01288-00283472-00283710": "enough to have it be worth shipping and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01289-00283711-00284054": "so that individual sites host the glove", "0lHOExTNPhU-01290-00284055-00284319": "collection in a cycle and then ship it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01291-00284320-00284534": "off and then they have a partnership i", "0lHOExTNPhU-01292-00284535-00284734": "believe with the hospital in order to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01293-00284735-00284958": "build up the you know contribute their", "0lHOExTNPhU-01294-00284959-00285134": "limited amount to the larger amount that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01295-00285135-00285287": "gets recycled", "0lHOExTNPhU-01296-00285288-00285487": "so that's been very local", "0lHOExTNPhU-01297-00285488-00285679": "we are looking into that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01298-00285680-00285910": "as part of that glove life life cycle", "0lHOExTNPhU-01299-00285911-00286175": "assessment because um", "0lHOExTNPhU-01300-00286176-00286606": "terracycle and then kimberly clark", "0lHOExTNPhU-01301-00286607-00286847": "are both options for recycling gloves", "0lHOExTNPhU-01302-00286848-00287039": "but kimberly clark only takes the ones", "0lHOExTNPhU-01303-00287040-00287279": "that they produce so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01304-00287280-00287519": "we don't have a great answer yet and it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01305-00287520-00287791": "tends to be local word of mouth is most", "0lHOExTNPhU-01306-00287792-00287943": "useful", "0lHOExTNPhU-01307-00287944-00288182": "yeah and i should quickly add before i", "0lHOExTNPhU-01308-00288183-00288295": "forget too that we're going to be", "0lHOExTNPhU-01309-00288296-00288471": "talking a lot about different companies", "0lHOExTNPhU-01310-00288472-00288575": "that do this kind of stuff because i do", "0lHOExTNPhU-01311-00288576-00288710": "think it's important for us to share and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01312-00288711-00288847": "i see people talking about it in the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01313-00288848-00289039": "chat as well um but i have to say you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01314-00289040-00289303": "know c2c care and imls and faic we don't", "0lHOExTNPhU-01315-00289304-00289503": "endorse any of these groups we are", "0lHOExTNPhU-01316-00289504-00289679": "literally just sharing information so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01317-00289680-00289887": "people know kind of what's going on out", "0lHOExTNPhU-01318-00289888-00290191": "there um someone asked what programs do", "0lHOExTNPhU-01319-00290192-00290358": "you use for digital paperwork my", "0lHOExTNPhU-01320-00290359-00290527": "institution has been struggling to find", "0lHOExTNPhU-01321-00290528-00290695": "a centralized way to fill out condition", "0lHOExTNPhU-01322-00290696-00290903": "reports hand stuff out to volunteers", "0lHOExTNPhU-01323-00290904-00291215": "without printouts", "0lHOExTNPhU-01324-00291216-00291343": "ah um", "0lHOExTNPhU-01325-00291344-00291439": "so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01326-00291440-00291719": "artich articheck seems to be one of the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01327-00291720-00291934": "best available options for that or the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01328-00291935-00292079": "ones that i have", "0lHOExTNPhU-01329-00292080-00292406": "seen most frequently um i'm wondering if", "0lHOExTNPhU-01330-00292407-00292687": "anybody else in the chat has an example", "0lHOExTNPhU-01331-00292688-00292847": "that they can contribute i don't have", "0lHOExTNPhU-01332-00292848-00293023": "another good answer for that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01333-00293024-00293303": "well i also use um on my ipad because", "0lHOExTNPhU-01334-00293304-00293503": "i'm trying to go more digital myself i", "0lHOExTNPhU-01335-00293504-00293687": "use just good notes like i downloaded", "0lHOExTNPhU-01336-00293688-00293887": "the goodnotes app which is just an app", "0lHOExTNPhU-01337-00293888-00294087": "program unto itself and then that you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01338-00294088-00294247": "can create all sorts of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01339-00294248-00294510": "wacka doodle templates and forms and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01340-00294511-00294671": "stuff like that and what's nice about", "0lHOExTNPhU-01341-00294672-00294830": "the whole ipad world now is with the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01342-00294831-00295015": "pencils you can write actually pretty", "0lHOExTNPhU-01343-00295016-00295134": "normally i mean it's still a little", "0lHOExTNPhU-01344-00295135-00295358": "wonky for me personally but that works", "0lHOExTNPhU-01345-00295359-00295551": "well too so there's a couple out there", "0lHOExTNPhU-01346-00295552-00295695": "that you can use when it comes to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01347-00295696-00295854": "digital condition reporting just as a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01348-00295855-00296047": "heads up", "0lHOExTNPhU-01349-00296048-00296230": "um someone asked how do you establish", "0lHOExTNPhU-01350-00296231-00296439": "your institution footprint where do i", "0lHOExTNPhU-01351-00296440-00296782": "look for specialists", "0lHOExTNPhU-01352-00296783-00296919": "okay there are two parts to that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01353-00296920-00297199": "question the specialist part and the how", "0lHOExTNPhU-01354-00297200-00297382": "to do it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01355-00297383-00297567": "the folks at world", "0lHOExTNPhU-01356-00297568-00297863": "resources institute are the super data", "0lHOExTNPhU-01357-00297864-00298030": "crunchers for", "0lHOExTNPhU-01358-00298031-00298247": "doing for anything to do with climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-01359-00298248-00298406": "and particularly to do with carbon", "0lHOExTNPhU-01360-00298407-00298534": "footprints", "0lHOExTNPhU-01361-00298535-00298695": "and they have some excellent training", "0lHOExTNPhU-01362-00298696-00298927": "programs on how to do scope one two and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01363-00298928-00299127": "three analysis of your greenhouse gas", "0lHOExTNPhU-01364-00299128-00299239": "emissions", "0lHOExTNPhU-01365-00299240-00299487": "i've taken those training programs and i", "0lHOExTNPhU-01366-00299488-00299703": "do not do scope one two and three", "0lHOExTNPhU-01367-00299704-00299967": "analysis of emissions it is highly", "0lHOExTNPhU-01368-00299968-00300079": "complex", "0lHOExTNPhU-01369-00300080-00300295": "but there is a global certification", "0lHOExTNPhU-01370-00300296-00300647": "approach um that sets out guidelines for", "0lHOExTNPhU-01371-00300648-00300927": "everyone in order to do accurate", "0lHOExTNPhU-01372-00300928-00301054": "reporting", "0lHOExTNPhU-01373-00301055-00301254": "that would align with the nationally", "0lHOExTNPhU-01374-00301255-00301439": "determined contribution and go to the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01375-00301440-00301654": "paris agreement so that's one whole", "0lHOExTNPhU-01376-00301655-00301934": "level of approach", "0lHOExTNPhU-01377-00301935-00302127": "the other levels of approach are much", "0lHOExTNPhU-01378-00302128-00302358": "more accessible calculators and i", "0lHOExTNPhU-01379-00302359-00302558": "encourage you to use those because they", "0lHOExTNPhU-01380-00302559-00302663": "at least", "0lHOExTNPhU-01381-00302664-00302943": "give you a reference of information", "0lHOExTNPhU-01382-00302944-00303127": "and an awareness of the process of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01383-00303128-00303319": "collecting data and figuring out where", "0lHOExTNPhU-01384-00303320-00303487": "your impacts are", "0lHOExTNPhU-01385-00303488-00303791": "so any carbon footprint calculator that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01386-00303792-00304103": "you google is will give you a general", "0lHOExTNPhU-01387-00304104-00304367": "understanding of what your emissions are", "0lHOExTNPhU-01388-00304368-00304727": "based on travel distance and type", "0lHOExTNPhU-01389-00304728-00305006": "and the energy that you use", "0lHOExTNPhU-01390-00305007-00305282": "and a little bit maybe about", "0lHOExTNPhU-01391-00305283-00305551": "waste i think the best one for you to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01392-00305552-00305854": "use is energy star portfolio manager", "0lHOExTNPhU-01393-00305855-00306143": "because it will help you do energy", "0lHOExTNPhU-01394-00306144-00306230": "waste", "0lHOExTNPhU-01395-00306231-00306351": "and water", "0lHOExTNPhU-01396-00306352-00306519": "you can also do transportation", "0lHOExTNPhU-01397-00306520-00306751": "calculator someplace else because epa is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01398-00306752-00306910": "focused on your building", "0lHOExTNPhU-01399-00306911-00307079": "you can also use a transportation", "0lHOExTNPhU-01400-00307080-00307271": "calculator for commuting and going to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01401-00307272-00307479": "conferences and and things like that and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01402-00307480-00307630": "you can put those numbers together and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01403-00307631-00307863": "come up with your own carbon footprint", "0lHOExTNPhU-01404-00307864-00308110": "what matters is that you establish the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01405-00308111-00308367": "method approach and tools and you write", "0lHOExTNPhU-01406-00308368-00308623": "it down in a reliable way", "0lHOExTNPhU-01407-00308624-00308919": "creating a baseline for a year that for", "0lHOExTNPhU-01408-00308920-00309182": "you is normal so don't do it during a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01409-00309183-00309310": "covid year", "0lHOExTNPhU-01410-00309311-00309519": "2020 was not normal", "0lHOExTNPhU-01411-00309520-00309751": "go to 2019 for your baseline or", "0lHOExTNPhU-01412-00309752-00310047": "preferably something like 2015", "0lHOExTNPhU-01413-00310048-00310271": "establish your baseline and then", "0lHOExTNPhU-01414-00310272-00310463": "continue to measure it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01415-00310464-00310591": "each year", "0lHOExTNPhU-01416-00310592-00310863": "in order to show where there is change", "0lHOExTNPhU-01417-00310864-00311143": "energy start portfolio manager is free", "0lHOExTNPhU-01418-00311144-00311351": "and it will give you the reports that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01419-00311352-00311527": "show you the graphs the lovely graphs", "0lHOExTNPhU-01420-00311528-00311671": "you can share with your board that says", "0lHOExTNPhU-01421-00311672-00311871": "how much your energy has gone down it'll", "0lHOExTNPhU-01422-00311872-00312054": "tell you how much money you saved and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01423-00312055-00312343": "what the greenhouse gas emissions are so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01424-00312344-00312623": "i'd go to energy star portfolio manager", "0lHOExTNPhU-01425-00312624-00312806": "and they have really good tutorials and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01426-00312807-00313079": "how-to sheets", "0lHOExTNPhU-01427-00313080-00313230": "great thank you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01428-00313231-00313327": "um", "0lHOExTNPhU-01429-00313328-00313495": "did someone ask what are some this is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01430-00313496-00313630": "this is important with anything we do", "0lHOExTNPhU-01431-00313631-00313767": "right because most of us are working in", "0lHOExTNPhU-01432-00313768-00313919": "collections so most of us are behind the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01433-00313920-00314182": "scenes so what are some strategies to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01434-00314183-00314399": "increase stakeholder buy-in to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01435-00314400-00314863": "prioritize this type of work", "0lHOExTNPhU-01436-00314864-00315087": "tell me who your stakeholder is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01437-00315088-00315263": "who", "0lHOExTNPhU-01438-00315264-00315430": "i'll throw one out while she answers", "0lHOExTNPhU-01439-00315431-00315782": "let's say your stakeholder is your i'll", "0lHOExTNPhU-01440-00315783-00315975": "just say like the director let's show", "0lHOExTNPhU-01441-00315976-00316103": "you the director", "0lHOExTNPhU-01442-00316104-00316223": "okay", "0lHOExTNPhU-01443-00316224-00316391": "so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01444-00316392-00316710": "this is a a long answer you can adapt", "0lHOExTNPhU-01445-00316711-00316967": "and apply it to other stakeholders", "0lHOExTNPhU-01446-00316968-00317182": "but what you're asking is for somebody", "0lHOExTNPhU-01447-00317183-00317479": "else to agree that what you want to do", "0lHOExTNPhU-01448-00317480-00317630": "is the thing to do", "0lHOExTNPhU-01449-00317631-00317967": "okay that's stakeholder buy-in", "0lHOExTNPhU-01450-00317968-00318191": "you may have to change their mind so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01451-00318192-00318447": "let's assume this person doesn't feel", "0lHOExTNPhU-01452-00318448-00318639": "the same way you do", "0lHOExTNPhU-01453-00318640-00318847": "then what you're doing now is behavior", "0lHOExTNPhU-01454-00318848-00318999": "change management", "0lHOExTNPhU-01455-00319000-00319206": "the green stuff comes later you are", "0lHOExTNPhU-01456-00319207-00319463": "doing behavior change management", "0lHOExTNPhU-01457-00319464-00319758": "and we know that people who share values", "0lHOExTNPhU-01458-00319759-00320015": "are able to and therefore have something", "0lHOExTNPhU-01459-00320016-00320223": "that they agree upon", "0lHOExTNPhU-01460-00320224-00320399": "then have grounds", "0lHOExTNPhU-01461-00320400-00320615": "in which or into", "0lHOExTNPhU-01462-00320616-00320815": "making taking the nepstics of what they", "0lHOExTNPhU-01463-00320816-00320975": "want to do", "0lHOExTNPhU-01464-00320976-00321175": "so establishing what your shared values", "0lHOExTNPhU-01465-00321176-00321247": "are", "0lHOExTNPhU-01466-00321248-00321447": "and catherine hey ho that climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-01467-00321448-00321639": "scientist i mentioned at the beginning", "0lHOExTNPhU-01468-00321640-00321982": "who's canadian but lives in texas", "0lHOExTNPhU-01469-00321983-00322199": "can have a conversation with anyone", "0lHOExTNPhU-01470-00322200-00322406": "about climate change and find common", "0lHOExTNPhU-01471-00322407-00322703": "value and when she was asked to say", "0lHOExTNPhU-01472-00322704-00322879": "what's your elevate you get into the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01473-00322880-00323023": "elevator with", "0lHOExTNPhU-01474-00323024-00323254": "somebody who doesn't believe in climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-01475-00323255-00323495": "how do you have a conversation with them", "0lHOExTNPhU-01476-00323496-00323719": "and she said well", "0lHOExTNPhU-01477-00323720-00323975": "let's assume we're in texas", "0lHOExTNPhU-01478-00323976-00324239": "and for all of us quality of life is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01479-00324240-00324510": "important and water happens to be", "0lHOExTNPhU-01480-00324511-00324758": "critical for quality of life", "0lHOExTNPhU-01481-00324759-00325006": "another thing that's likely important is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01482-00325007-00325271": "family your children and that you want", "0lHOExTNPhU-01483-00325272-00325415": "them to have quality of life in the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01484-00325416-00325527": "future", "0lHOExTNPhU-01485-00325528-00325758": "climate change is affecting the quality", "0lHOExTNPhU-01486-00325759-00325951": "of drinkable water and access to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01487-00325952-00326087": "drinkable water", "0lHOExTNPhU-01488-00326088-00326351": "in texas and it's also driving storm", "0lHOExTNPhU-01489-00326352-00326710": "events that bring climate damage", "0lHOExTNPhU-01490-00326711-00326919": "so they can start from a conversation", "0lHOExTNPhU-01491-00326920-00327167": "about the importance of a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01492-00327168-00327495": "water access for the future of texas and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01493-00327496-00327782": "have a conversation about climate change", "0lHOExTNPhU-01494-00327783-00328078": "so in the conversation with the director", "0lHOExTNPhU-01495-00328079-00328287": "is the director motivated by the bottom", "0lHOExTNPhU-01496-00328288-00328415": "line", "0lHOExTNPhU-01497-00328416-00328567": "then where you save", "0lHOExTNPhU-01498-00328568-00328815": "money on energy or materials or anything", "0lHOExTNPhU-01499-00328816-00328895": "else", "0lHOExTNPhU-01500-00328896-00329054": "is the place that you start having the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01501-00329055-00329254": "conversation with the director", "0lHOExTNPhU-01502-00329255-00329534": "if the director is interested in", "0lHOExTNPhU-01503-00329535-00329806": "what the public thinks of what they do", "0lHOExTNPhU-01504-00329807-00330023": "then the question is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01505-00330024-00330223": "does the public already", "0lHOExTNPhU-01506-00330224-00330423": "want to see climate action in which case", "0lHOExTNPhU-01507-00330424-00330647": "you're helping the director serve the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01508-00330648-00330815": "public in the way the public is asking", "0lHOExTNPhU-01509-00330816-00330951": "for it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01510-00330952-00331054": "or is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01511-00331055-00331278": "the public not so sure about climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-01512-00331279-00331367": "action", "0lHOExTNPhU-01513-00331368-00331591": "and the director's afraid of the risk", "0lHOExTNPhU-01514-00331592-00331727": "involved with it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01515-00331728-00331910": "in which case you have to help the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01516-00331911-00332054": "director see", "0lHOExTNPhU-01517-00332055-00332263": "where there are actions you can take", "0lHOExTNPhU-01518-00332264-00332478": "that have lower risk or you have to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01519-00332479-00332727": "explain how the risk is perceived not", "0lHOExTNPhU-01520-00332728-00332806": "real", "0lHOExTNPhU-01521-00332807-00333030": "so depending upon what motivates that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01522-00333031-00333334": "person is where you take your approach i", "0lHOExTNPhU-01523-00333335-00333639": "long ago gave up my", "0lHOExTNPhU-01524-00333640-00333878": "hopes that people would just do this", "0lHOExTNPhU-01525-00333879-00334095": "because it's the right thing i don't", "0lHOExTNPhU-01526-00334096-00334334": "care why they do it i just care that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01527-00334335-00334447": "they do it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01528-00334448-00334647": "and if it's because of money if it's", "0lHOExTNPhU-01529-00334648-00334878": "because of status it's because of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01530-00334879-00335134": "convenience that they do green things", "0lHOExTNPhU-01531-00335135-00335327": "that is good enough for me", "0lHOExTNPhU-01532-00335328-00335534": "and that's what i speak to and whatever", "0lHOExTNPhU-01533-00335535-00335695": "it is that motivates that particular", "0lHOExTNPhU-01534-00335696-00335871": "person but let's say you just", "0lHOExTNPhU-01535-00335872-00336095": "established that okay", "0lHOExTNPhU-01536-00336096-00336287": "there will they see all right they're", "0lHOExTNPhU-01537-00336288-00336487": "willing to do it but gosh it's so hard", "0lHOExTNPhU-01538-00336488-00336767": "because i got so much else to do", "0lHOExTNPhU-01539-00336768-00336910": "then your job", "0lHOExTNPhU-01540-00336911-00337215": "is to help them understand how they can", "0lHOExTNPhU-01541-00337216-00337391": "accomplish this while doing the other", "0lHOExTNPhU-01542-00337392-00337623": "things at the same time so how does this", "0lHOExTNPhU-01543-00337624-00337910": "work fit into their current practice and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01544-00337911-00338103": "how do you make it easier", "0lHOExTNPhU-01545-00338104-00338215": "and you might", "0lHOExTNPhU-01546-00338216-00338399": "almost have to babysit them", "0lHOExTNPhU-01547-00338400-00338495": "make it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01548-00338496-00338663": "really easy", "0lHOExTNPhU-01549-00338664-00338815": "simple steps", "0lHOExTNPhU-01550-00338816-00339087": "here are the instructions that help them", "0lHOExTNPhU-01551-00339088-00339295": "get over that barrier", "0lHOExTNPhU-01552-00339296-00339447": "of the first steps", "0lHOExTNPhU-01553-00339448-00339558": "and then", "0lHOExTNPhU-01554-00339559-00339791": "it does get easier and after they do", "0lHOExTNPhU-01555-00339792-00339999": "that first one the next one will be", "0lHOExTNPhU-01556-00340000-00340127": "easier", "0lHOExTNPhU-01557-00340128-00340495": "so getting buy-in is behavior change", "0lHOExTNPhU-01558-00340496-00340727": "it takes a lot of time", "0lHOExTNPhU-01559-00340728-00340887": "and you can't allow yourself to be too", "0lHOExTNPhU-01560-00340888-00341103": "frustrated by it because the end goal is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01561-00341104-00341310": "worth it and if you go in knowing that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01562-00341311-00341510": "this will take a while but have lasting", "0lHOExTNPhU-01563-00341511-00341710": "impacts then it's really worth the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01564-00341711-00341982": "investment in my opinion", "0lHOExTNPhU-01565-00341983-00342167": "that was great thank you and she did", "0lHOExTNPhU-01566-00342168-00342287": "clarify she was talking about like", "0lHOExTNPhU-01567-00342288-00342551": "directors advisory boards the board of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01568-00342552-00342695": "directors you know any of that kind of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01569-00342696-00342919": "group so i think finding any of these", "0lHOExTNPhU-01570-00342920-00343119": "little ways to talk about this are", "0lHOExTNPhU-01571-00343120-00343278": "incredibly important", "0lHOExTNPhU-01572-00343279-00343447": "the other thing someone said is that the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01573-00343448-00343647": "image the photo with the sea turtle with", "0lHOExTNPhU-01574-00343648-00343823": "the plastic straw stuck in his nose is a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01575-00343824-00344087": "powerful image and i agree like i live", "0lHOExTNPhU-01576-00344088-00344230": "many of you know i live in the florida", "0lHOExTNPhU-01577-00344231-00344415": "keys so there's a very it's very", "0lHOExTNPhU-01578-00344416-00344591": "heightened down here where everyone has", "0lHOExTNPhU-01579-00344592-00344727": "paper straws everywhere and everyone's", "0lHOExTNPhU-01580-00344728-00344927": "very aware of all this kind of stuff and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01581-00344928-00345119": "it's interesting to me that as soon as i", "0lHOExTNPhU-01582-00345120-00345351": "leave i go back to the land of everyone", "0lHOExTNPhU-01583-00345352-00345551": "you see like not paying attention so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01584-00345552-00345687": "it's always very like almost like a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01585-00345688-00345895": "culture shock whenever i go to other", "0lHOExTNPhU-01586-00345896-00346254": "places so it's super interesting", "0lHOExTNPhU-01587-00346255-00346463": "um someone says can you speak more about", "0lHOExTNPhU-01588-00346464-00346847": "how the 70 fahrenheit 50 50 rh", "0lHOExTNPhU-01589-00346848-00347047": "environmental monitoring requirement is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01590-00347048-00347503": "being re-evaluated and updated", "0lHOExTNPhU-01591-00347504-00348030": "um tell me more about reevaluated and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01592-00348031-00348230": "updated my", "0lHOExTNPhU-01593-00348231-00348430": "i don't look at it that way i look at it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01594-00348431-00348551": "as", "0lHOExTNPhU-01595-00348552-00348823": "it's gone the discussion has gone silent", "0lHOExTNPhU-01596-00348824-00349063": "and it needs to be restarted", "0lHOExTNPhU-01597-00349064-00349343": "um that the science it continues to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01598-00349344-00349454": "expand", "0lHOExTNPhU-01599-00349455-00349543": "um", "0lHOExTNPhU-01600-00349544-00349663": "and that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01601-00349664-00349895": "the only re i wouldn't say reevaluate", "0lHOExTNPhU-01602-00349896-00350030": "i'm saying we're restarting the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01603-00350031-00350303": "discussion because people got", "0lHOExTNPhU-01604-00350304-00350503": "lazy it was easy", "0lHOExTNPhU-01605-00350504-00350767": "to not tackle this complex problem but", "0lHOExTNPhU-01606-00350768-00351078": "it's even more urgent now that we do and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01607-00351079-00351271": "that's why i feel so strongly about", "0lHOExTNPhU-01608-00351272-00351478": "restarting the conversation we've done", "0lHOExTNPhU-01609-00351479-00351719": "all the work to figure out how to make", "0lHOExTNPhU-01610-00351720-00351991": "these changes we cleared all the paths", "0lHOExTNPhU-01611-00351992-00352278": "we established all the shared values", "0lHOExTNPhU-01612-00352279-00352454": "and then we got lazy", "0lHOExTNPhU-01613-00352455-00352695": "and we need to restart the conversation", "0lHOExTNPhU-01614-00352696-00353047": "in a way that helps people prioritize", "0lHOExTNPhU-01615-00353048-00353127": "this", "0lHOExTNPhU-01616-00353128-00353399": "i mean because heck if you spend less", "0lHOExTNPhU-01617-00353400-00353710": "energy on keeping that flat line which", "0lHOExTNPhU-01618-00353711-00353903": "you do by", "0lHOExTNPhU-01619-00353904-00354143": "by not trying to keep that flat line you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01620-00354144-00354415": "save energy", "0lHOExTNPhU-01621-00354416-00354487": "you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01622-00354488-00354815": "that directly translates to money", "0lHOExTNPhU-01623-00354816-00355110": "for your mission", "0lHOExTNPhU-01624-00355111-00355439": "you have to do it in partnership with", "0lHOExTNPhU-01625-00355440-00355734": "conservators and object history", "0lHOExTNPhU-01626-00355735-00355903": "and the engineers who understand the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01627-00355904-00356182": "capacity of your particular system", "0lHOExTNPhU-01628-00356183-00356367": "and then you have to monitor it in order", "0lHOExTNPhU-01629-00356368-00356575": "to get it right so this is an investment", "0lHOExTNPhU-01630-00356576-00356734": "in time", "0lHOExTNPhU-01631-00356735-00356958": "but it's good collections", "0lHOExTNPhU-01632-00356959-00357054": "care", "0lHOExTNPhU-01633-00357055-00357343": "and the systems we have can do this they", "0lHOExTNPhU-01634-00357344-00357519": "can do it very well they can't", "0lHOExTNPhU-01635-00357520-00357767": "necessarily do the 70 50. most of them", "0lHOExTNPhU-01636-00357768-00357895": "don't", "0lHOExTNPhU-01637-00357896-00358182": "and if you put in your system", "0lHOExTNPhU-01638-00358183-00358503": "in the 70s and you haven't changed it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01639-00358504-00358734": "anything you do to upgrade that system", "0lHOExTNPhU-01640-00358735-00359071": "will save you so much energy", "0lHOExTNPhU-01641-00359072-00359303": "why not do the two things at once", "0lHOExTNPhU-01642-00359304-00359606": "establish better parameters while you're", "0lHOExTNPhU-01643-00359607-00359878": "resizing and replacing your systems to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01644-00359879-00360063": "effectively care for the collections you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01645-00360064-00360278": "have and when you have that science of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01646-00360279-00360454": "what the objects need", "0lHOExTNPhU-01647-00360455-00360647": "and the science of your carbon footprint", "0lHOExTNPhU-01648-00360648-00360815": "and your energy use and you put them", "0lHOExTNPhU-01649-00360816-00360999": "together in a grant application for a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01650-00361000-00361310": "new hvac system you have a much easier", "0lHOExTNPhU-01651-00361311-00361558": "case to make than hey i just need a new", "0lHOExTNPhU-01652-00361559-00361791": "furnace", "0lHOExTNPhU-01653-00361792-00361991": "yeah it's interesting with the 7050", "0lHOExTNPhU-01654-00361992-00362134": "thing too because i remember when i", "0lHOExTNPhU-01655-00362135-00362327": "first started it was that was what i was", "0lHOExTNPhU-01656-00362328-00362447": "taught this would have been like in the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01657-00362448-00362647": "mid-o's right it was till i was told 70", "0lHOExTNPhU-01658-00362648-00362863": "50 70 50 70 50.", "0lHOExTNPhU-01659-00362864-00363143": "and then you know as even as late like", "0lHOExTNPhU-01660-00363144-00363358": "10 years ago it feels like people were", "0lHOExTNPhU-01661-00363359-00363551": "like no that's not really true you know", "0lHOExTNPhU-01662-00363552-00363743": "what i mean like that you need to really", "0lHOExTNPhU-01663-00363744-00363934": "look at more not creating fluctuations", "0lHOExTNPhU-01664-00363935-00364087": "for the health of the object right you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01665-00364088-00364239": "don't want that to happen", "0lHOExTNPhU-01666-00364240-00364399": "and then also talking about energy", "0lHOExTNPhU-01667-00364400-00364543": "consumption and that kind of thing so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01668-00364544-00364775": "it's interesting to me that this idea of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01669-00364776-00365030": "7050 is still prevalent so much with", "0lHOExTNPhU-01670-00365031-00365254": "everyone because it is still seems to be", "0lHOExTNPhU-01671-00365255-00365430": "being taught somewhere and i'm trying to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01672-00365431-00365630": "figure out where you know what it means", "0lHOExTNPhU-01673-00365631-00365854": "to try to nip it in the bud and be like", "0lHOExTNPhU-01674-00365855-00366095": "don't start talking about this", "0lHOExTNPhU-01675-00366096-00366310": "that gets us to that behavior change", "0lHOExTNPhU-01676-00366311-00366503": "issue", "0lHOExTNPhU-01677-00366504-00366710": "another thing of establishing values", "0lHOExTNPhU-01678-00366711-00366854": "shared values", "0lHOExTNPhU-01679-00366855-00367071": "the other thing is it you establish", "0lHOExTNPhU-01680-00367072-00367327": "shared values but you have to understand", "0lHOExTNPhU-01681-00367328-00367582": "what the mental models are", "0lHOExTNPhU-01682-00367583-00367782": "that drive people to make all these", "0lHOExTNPhU-01683-00367783-00368103": "decisions and choices this way", "0lHOExTNPhU-01684-00368104-00368343": "one mental model three mental models for", "0lHOExTNPhU-01685-00368344-00368527": "the museum field are", "0lHOExTNPhU-01686-00368528-00368719": "70 50", "0lHOExTNPhU-01687-00368720-00368967": "highest in best practice and everything", "0lHOExTNPhU-01688-00368968-00369063": "matters", "0lHOExTNPhU-01689-00369064-00369215": "you put all three of those things", "0lHOExTNPhU-01690-00369216-00369567": "together and we are built to control to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01691-00369568-00369871": "perfection", "0lHOExTNPhU-01692-00369872-00370230": "so it's hardwired into us to do this", "0lHOExTNPhU-01693-00370231-00370503": "and rethinking that is very very", "0lHOExTNPhU-01694-00370504-00370687": "challenging", "0lHOExTNPhU-01695-00370688-00370823": "and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01696-00370824-00371054": "everything is so complex that whenever", "0lHOExTNPhU-01697-00371055-00371263": "you have an easy", "0lHOExTNPhU-01698-00371264-00371495": "rule to remember and follow", "0lHOExTNPhU-01699-00371496-00371719": "your tired brain is just going to go to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01700-00371720-00371878": "that because you don't have enough time", "0lHOExTNPhU-01701-00371879-00372087": "and energy in order to sort out the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01702-00372088-00372215": "difference", "0lHOExTNPhU-01703-00372216-00372478": "which is why individually we're not", "0lHOExTNPhU-01704-00372479-00372678": "going to fix that problem", "0lHOExTNPhU-01705-00372679-00372951": "we need to commit the sector to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01706-00372952-00373263": "examining it together investing together", "0lHOExTNPhU-01707-00373264-00373534": "our resources to solving the one problem", "0lHOExTNPhU-01708-00373535-00373727": "to make it easier for everyone to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01709-00373728-00373943": "implement it it just needs to come back", "0lHOExTNPhU-01710-00373944-00374199": "to the top of the list", "0lHOExTNPhU-01711-00374200-00374351": "yeah i agree and what you just said", "0lHOExTNPhU-01712-00374352-00374495": "about how those three things that you're", "0lHOExTNPhU-01713-00374496-00374751": "taught i mean like the big thing and you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01714-00374752-00374902": "if you guys have been to c to see care", "0lHOExTNPhU-01715-00374903-00375063": "webinars before you've heard me say over", "0lHOExTNPhU-01716-00375064-00375230": "and over again is that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01717-00375231-00375415": "you do the best you can right you do the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01718-00375416-00375591": "best you can with your budget what", "0lHOExTNPhU-01719-00375592-00375775": "supplies you have what you can do it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01720-00375776-00375943": "would be great if you could do", "0lHOExTNPhU-01721-00375944-00376119": "everything perfectly but like most of us", "0lHOExTNPhU-01722-00376120-00376391": "don't have an unlimited budget and every", "0lHOExTNPhU-01723-00376392-00376599": "institution has the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01724-00376600-00376791": "scary stuff that you know usually you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01725-00376792-00376991": "can trade those stories over", "0lHOExTNPhU-01726-00376992-00377271": "at a conference bar you know what i mean", "0lHOExTNPhU-01727-00377272-00377463": "you kind of be like yeah no we have some", "0lHOExTNPhU-01728-00377464-00377678": "crazy stuff out back so like everyone", "0lHOExTNPhU-01729-00377679-00377775": "has", "0lHOExTNPhU-01730-00377776-00377982": "that stuff so i i like the idea that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01731-00377983-00378134": "you're like those are the three tent", "0lHOExTNPhU-01732-00378135-00378302": "poles that you have to almost re-educate", "0lHOExTNPhU-01733-00378303-00378423": "yourself against when you're actually", "0lHOExTNPhU-01734-00378424-00378606": "out working in the real world and being", "0lHOExTNPhU-01735-00378607-00378806": "kind of like okay let's really look at", "0lHOExTNPhU-01736-00378807-00378982": "what we have and what we can do within", "0lHOExTNPhU-01737-00378983-00379143": "our scope you know what i mean and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01738-00379144-00379327": "that's that's really important on all", "0lHOExTNPhU-01739-00379328-00379543": "those bits", "0lHOExTNPhU-01740-00379544-00379719": "going back to the gloves thing because i", "0lHOExTNPhU-01741-00379720-00379871": "know this has been a topic that has come", "0lHOExTNPhU-01742-00379872-00379943": "up", "0lHOExTNPhU-01743-00379944-00380151": "again um if the gloves are being used to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01744-00380152-00380430": "handle objects with pesticides and stuff", "0lHOExTNPhU-01745-00380431-00380663": "can they still be recycled and then", "0lHOExTNPhU-01746-00380664-00380847": "other people were asking kind of before", "0lHOExTNPhU-01747-00380848-00381102": "with gloves it feels like it's been a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01748-00381103-00381271": "challenge sometimes for a lot of people", "0lHOExTNPhU-01749-00381272-00381495": "to find places to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01750-00381496-00381687": "either take the gloves off their hands", "0lHOExTNPhU-01751-00381688-00381943": "or if you're using reusable gloves", "0lHOExTNPhU-01752-00381944-00382110": "to wash them because you're like okay am", "0lHOExTNPhU-01753-00382111-00382287": "i if i washed him after i've dealt with", "0lHOExTNPhU-01754-00382288-00382430": "this kind of stuff that i'm sending all", "0lHOExTNPhU-01755-00382431-00382727": "these chemicals down the water supply", "0lHOExTNPhU-01756-00382728-00382887": "you know what i mean so i was wondering", "0lHOExTNPhU-01757-00382888-00383006": "if you could talk a little bit more just", "0lHOExTNPhU-01758-00383007-00383230": "about glove usage and kind of what your", "0lHOExTNPhU-01759-00383231-00383487": "recommendations are yeah", "0lHOExTNPhU-01760-00383488-00383719": "well the reason the glove problem is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01761-00383720-00383927": "still a problem is because it is so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01762-00383928-00384095": "complex", "0lHOExTNPhU-01763-00384096-00384287": "and it's hard to see all of the parts of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01764-00384288-00384415": "the system", "0lHOExTNPhU-01765-00384416-00384671": "so you don't know how to make a choice", "0lHOExTNPhU-01766-00384672-00384847": "so that's why i really am going to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01767-00384848-00385071": "reserve my comments until after the life", "0lHOExTNPhU-01768-00385072-00385302": "cycle assessment project has been done", "0lHOExTNPhU-01769-00385303-00385447": "because we are", "0lHOExTNPhU-01770-00385448-00385695": "looking at that we did a survey in order", "0lHOExTNPhU-01771-00385696-00386071": "to understand how often people", "0lHOExTNPhU-01772-00386072-00386199": "wash", "0lHOExTNPhU-01773-00386200-00386382": "cotton gloves for example", "0lHOExTNPhU-01774-00386383-00386623": "and what types of detergent they use", "0lHOExTNPhU-01775-00386624-00386878": "when washing those gloves", "0lHOExTNPhU-01776-00386879-00387078": "we asked how many they used and what", "0lHOExTNPhU-01777-00387079-00387271": "types they use and we use that sort of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01778-00387272-00387463": "as a reference point to understand the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01779-00387464-00387639": "boundaries of our", "0lHOExTNPhU-01780-00387640-00387854": "assessment project", "0lHOExTNPhU-01781-00387855-00388167": "and now the engineers are looking at all", "0lHOExTNPhU-01782-00388168-00388278": "of the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01783-00388279-00388567": "energy that goes into", "0lHOExTNPhU-01784-00388568-00388743": "harvesting the materials or collecting", "0lHOExTNPhU-01785-00388744-00388967": "the materials the energy that goes into", "0lHOExTNPhU-01786-00388968-00389167": "putting those materials together to make", "0lHOExTNPhU-01787-00389168-00389302": "a glow", "0lHOExTNPhU-01788-00389303-00389567": "the chemicals that are involved in that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01789-00389568-00389719": "and the impacts of the materials", "0lHOExTNPhU-01790-00389720-00390030": "themselves all put together into a glove", "0lHOExTNPhU-01791-00390031-00390295": "and then the glove comes to you we're", "0lHOExTNPhU-01792-00390296-00390575": "using an estimate of 500 miles we're not", "0lHOExTNPhU-01793-00390576-00390902": "we can't make it geo-located", "0lHOExTNPhU-01794-00390903-00391054": "then it comes to you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01795-00391055-00391367": "and they're examining the case of how it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01796-00391368-00391775": "is most likely to be used in a museum", "0lHOExTNPhU-01797-00391776-00391982": "and so that's a certain amount of impact", "0lHOExTNPhU-01798-00391983-00392134": "and then disposal", "0lHOExTNPhU-01799-00392135-00392351": "so that life cycle assessment report", "0lHOExTNPhU-01800-00392352-00392615": "will talk about all of those things for", "0lHOExTNPhU-01801-00392616-00392854": "the impact of the particular glove you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01802-00392855-00392991": "still have to decide what you're going", "0lHOExTNPhU-01803-00392992-00393158": "to use that how you're going to use that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01804-00393159-00393287": "glove in your collections care and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01805-00393288-00393527": "management but we'll tell you about the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01806-00393528-00393751": "impacts of the glove during the usual", "0lHOExTNPhU-01807-00393752-00394271": "types of collections care and management", "0lHOExTNPhU-01808-00394272-00394447": "that's great thank you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01809-00394448-00394639": "and someone put just put in the q a box", "0lHOExTNPhU-01810-00394640-00394782": "a comment rather than a question there", "0lHOExTNPhU-01811-00394783-00394951": "are plenty of examples of museums that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01812-00394952-00395110": "are doing inspiring things", "0lHOExTNPhU-01813-00395111-00395263": "environmentally", "0lHOExTNPhU-01814-00395264-00395439": "thinking more broadly beyond collections", "0lHOExTNPhU-01815-00395440-00395671": "care the fips pittsburgh just one am", "0lHOExTNPhU-01816-00395672-00395943": "sustainability excellence award so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01817-00395944-00396167": "people might want to go check out that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01818-00396168-00396278": "for sure", "0lHOExTNPhU-01819-00396279-00396430": "and yeah that's a really good point as i", "0lHOExTNPhU-01820-00396431-00396719": "like the idea of looking outside of um", "0lHOExTNPhU-01821-00396720-00396887": "looking outside of just collections care", "0lHOExTNPhU-01822-00396888-00396991": "because there's other things that you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01823-00396992-00397134": "can help out with you know what i mean", "0lHOExTNPhU-01824-00397135-00397310": "to handle that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01825-00397311-00397510": "um what else it says love the point", "0lHOExTNPhU-01826-00397511-00397623": "about", "0lHOExTNPhU-01827-00397624-00397775": "temperature and humidity parameters and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01828-00397776-00397967": "object history it's something that isn't", "0lHOExTNPhU-01829-00397968-00398167": "talked about enough monitoring condition", "0lHOExTNPhU-01830-00398168-00398334": "of objects over time or perhaps there", "0lHOExTNPhU-01831-00398335-00398495": "was an optimal", "0lHOExTNPhU-01832-00398496-00398623": "temperature and humidity control can", "0lHOExTNPhU-01833-00398624-00398815": "provide valuable data and insights so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01834-00398816-00398999": "yeah i agree with that that just seeing", "0lHOExTNPhU-01835-00399000-00399127": "kind of what's happening with these", "0lHOExTNPhU-01836-00399128-00399391": "objects i think will be very important", "0lHOExTNPhU-01837-00399392-00399543": "uh someone just put in the chat where", "0lHOExTNPhU-01838-00399544-00399751": "can i find more information on a tiered", "0lHOExTNPhU-01839-00399752-00399967": "approach to collecting or is tiered more", "0lHOExTNPhU-01840-00399968-00400334": "of an approach when de-accessioning", "0lHOExTNPhU-01841-00400335-00400919": "uh i think it's more of an approach for", "0lHOExTNPhU-01842-00400920-00401327": "the accessioning and for degree of care", "0lHOExTNPhU-01843-00401328-00401663": "but absolutely prioritizing which things", "0lHOExTNPhU-01844-00401664-00401854": "you collect from a climate point of view", "0lHOExTNPhU-01845-00401855-00402167": "i think would be critical and yesterday", "0lHOExTNPhU-01846-00402168-00402430": "i was trying to find it i have the image", "0lHOExTNPhU-01847-00402431-00402687": "of collections avalanche", "0lHOExTNPhU-01848-00402688-00402991": "you know and rainy tisdale's book", "0lHOExTNPhU-01849-00402992-00403215": "that it just came to me rainy tisdale's", "0lHOExTNPhU-01850-00403216-00403454": "book she wrote it with at least one if", "0lHOExTNPhU-01851-00403455-00403663": "not two other authors", "0lHOExTNPhU-01852-00403664-00403967": "on this approach to collections uh it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01853-00403968-00404223": "it's awesome and i encourage you to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01854-00404224-00404382": "consider it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01855-00404383-00404719": "and if we step back to the 70-50", "0lHOExTNPhU-01856-00404720-00404902": "um i", "0lHOExTNPhU-01857-00404903-00405199": "saw janice's comment thank you about how", "0lHOExTNPhU-01858-00405200-00405391": "you know conservatives figured this out", "0lHOExTNPhU-01859-00405392-00405719": "long ago and they did they did", "0lHOExTNPhU-01860-00405720-00405951": "and conservators often", "0lHOExTNPhU-01861-00405952-00406143": "don't have a voice at the table the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01862-00406144-00406295": "national endowment for the humanities", "0lHOExTNPhU-01863-00406296-00406478": "sustaining cultural heritage collections", "0lHOExTNPhU-01864-00406479-00406727": "project has given conservators more of a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01865-00406728-00407015": "voice on this particular issue and so in", "0lHOExTNPhU-01866-00407016-00407223": "the places with those grants they've", "0lHOExTNPhU-01867-00407224-00407406": "been able to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01868-00407407-00407482": "have", "0lHOExTNPhU-01869-00407483-00407830": "influence and folks at getty", "0lHOExTNPhU-01870-00407831-00408006": "conservation did great research", "0lHOExTNPhU-01871-00408007-00408239": "anthropological research on", "0lHOExTNPhU-01872-00408240-00408471": "the role of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01873-00408472-00408639": "human practice", "0lHOExTNPhU-01874-00408640-00408847": "in creating this kind of change and the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01875-00408848-00409006": "role of the conservator and the voice of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01876-00409007-00409182": "the conservator and the lack of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01877-00409183-00409391": "agency for conservators which is just a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01878-00409392-00409495": "crime", "0lHOExTNPhU-01879-00409496-00409895": "and um the the point is that we need to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01880-00409896-00410103": "build up that voice of the collections", "0lHOExTNPhU-01881-00410104-00410391": "manager and the conservator to say hey", "0lHOExTNPhU-01882-00410392-00410710": "this is the important decision to make", "0lHOExTNPhU-01883-00410712-00410934": "and i have a contribution to that and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01884-00410935-00411270": "that's collective cooperative effort all", "0lHOExTNPhU-01885-00411271-00411470": "of the conservators saying this is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01886-00411471-00411687": "important we're doing it everyone should", "0lHOExTNPhU-01887-00411688-00411759": "be", "0lHOExTNPhU-01888-00411760-00411974": "talking about it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01889-00411975-00412191": "is very valuable and all the curators", "0lHOExTNPhU-01890-00412192-00412503": "and collections managers backing them up", "0lHOExTNPhU-01891-00412504-00412726": "and asking for policy to reinforce it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01892-00412727-00412974": "especially around loans so that you can", "0lHOExTNPhU-01893-00412975-00413222": "send objects to places and not require", "0lHOExTNPhU-01894-00413223-00413439": "them to have these ridiculously high", "0lHOExTNPhU-01895-00413439-00413614": "standards that they may not be able to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01896-00413615-00413751": "keep anyway", "0lHOExTNPhU-01897-00413752-00413959": "so talking about it and backing each", "0lHOExTNPhU-01898-00413960-00414103": "other up", "0lHOExTNPhU-01899-00414104-00414263": "really matters", "0lHOExTNPhU-01900-00414264-00414518": "well and that also opens up the idea of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01901-00414519-00414710": "people maybe institutions or facilities", "0lHOExTNPhU-01902-00414712-00414887": "that can't do those standards because of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01903-00414888-00415070": "lack of funding or", "0lHOExTNPhU-01904-00415071-00415343": "um minority museums or any of those", "0lHOExTNPhU-01905-00415343-00415526": "places like again i live in pretty much", "0lHOExTNPhU-01906-00415527-00415670": "close to the caribbean and there's lots", "0lHOExTNPhU-01907-00415671-00415910": "of museums around even down here", "0lHOExTNPhU-01908-00415912-00416126": "play tourist places that they don't have", "0lHOExTNPhU-01909-00416127-00416326": "ac or their ac controls are very", "0lHOExTNPhU-01910-00416327-00416526": "different right and whenever we walk", "0lHOExTNPhU-01911-00416527-00416695": "into those places often go with family", "0lHOExTNPhU-01912-00416696-00416847": "members who are like they need to ac", "0lHOExTNPhU-01913-00416847-00417014": "everything and i'm like that would be a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01914-00417015-00417263": "lot like and i was like and i'm like and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01915-00417264-00417526": "also the objects aren't used to that so", "0lHOExTNPhU-01916-00417527-00417726": "that's like asking the objects to go", "0lHOExTNPhU-01917-00417727-00417903": "through a lot to all of a sudden be like", "0lHOExTNPhU-01918-00417904-00418063": "air conditioning you know what i mean", "0lHOExTNPhU-01919-00418064-00418166": "like it's", "0lHOExTNPhU-01920-00418167-00418382": "it would be hard for them but anyway you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01921-00418383-00418614": "can open up parameters for other groups", "0lHOExTNPhU-01922-00418615-00418814": "to loan your stuff or to get access to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01923-00418815-00418999": "some of these collections that come from", "0lHOExTNPhU-01924-00419000-00419191": "institutions that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01925-00419192-00419399": "maybe couldn't be able to handle them or", "0lHOExTNPhU-01926-00419400-00419535": "have them because of these conditions", "0lHOExTNPhU-01927-00419535-00419727": "i'm all for like i'm like yes we need to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01928-00419728-00419879": "look at making sure collections get out", "0lHOExTNPhU-01929-00419880-00420087": "there especially to you know less", "0lHOExTNPhU-01930-00420088-00420318": "represented communities and stuff and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01931-00420319-00420470": "don't let the invite don't let these", "0lHOExTNPhU-01932-00420471-00420670": "stringent environmental", "0lHOExTNPhU-01933-00420671-00420918": "conditions that aren't really even true", "0lHOExTNPhU-01934-00420919-00421135": "stop the collections from getting out", "0lHOExTNPhU-01935-00421135-00421295": "there you know what i mean for", "0lHOExTNPhU-01936-00421296-00421447": "educational programming and that kind of", "0lHOExTNPhU-01937-00421447-00421614": "thing like that makes sense", "0lHOExTNPhU-01938-00421615-00421870": "if you're to extend that theme past the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01939-00421871-00422063": "borders of the united states if your", "0lHOExTNPhU-01940-00422064-00422335": "museum has these really strict standards", "0lHOExTNPhU-01941-00422335-00422510": "for things that don't necessarily", "0lHOExTNPhU-01942-00422512-00422663": "require it so we're not having a", "0lHOExTNPhU-01943-00422664-00423007": "discussion about paper for example um", "0lHOExTNPhU-01944-00423008-00423191": "for objects that have been proofed", "0lHOExTNPhU-01945-00423192-00423391": "beyond those current conditions or", "0lHOExTNPhU-01946-00423392-00423622": "didn't require it anyway", "0lHOExTNPhU-01947-00423623-00423759": "um", "0lHOExTNPhU-01948-00423760-00423991": "think about the ability to then loan", "0lHOExTNPhU-01949-00423992-00424255": "them outside of the country to nations", "0lHOExTNPhU-01950-00424256-00424639": "who don't operate their museums that way", "0lHOExTNPhU-01951-00424639-00424839": "shutting them off from our collections", "0lHOExTNPhU-01952-00424839-00425079": "because of our standards is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01953-00425080-00425327": "really inappropriate unless it really is", "0lHOExTNPhU-01954-00425328-00425510": "critical for the object", "0lHOExTNPhU-01955-00425512-00425687": "yeah yeah i don't think any of us want", "0lHOExTNPhU-01956-00425688-00425814": "to be put in the position where we're", "0lHOExTNPhU-01957-00425815-00426007": "saying no you can't handle", "0lHOExTNPhU-01958-00426008-00426079": "it", "0lHOExTNPhU-01959-00426080-00426247": "it's almost like being colonialist you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01960-00426247-00426391": "know what i mean it's like", "0lHOExTNPhU-01961-00426392-00426566": "you can't handle your those objects that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01962-00426567-00426718": "maybe came from your country originally", "0lHOExTNPhU-01963-00426719-00426839": "like that's very like you don't want to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01964-00426839-00427063": "be in that position over something like", "0lHOExTNPhU-01965-00427064-00427295": "this in my opinion for sure definitely", "0lHOExTNPhU-01966-00427296-00427455": "thank you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01967-00427456-00427735": "um i think we've hit the end of our", "0lHOExTNPhU-01968-00427735-00427895": "questions right now so i'm gonna go", "0lHOExTNPhU-01969-00427896-00428110": "ahead and hand this back over to you to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01970-00428112-00428318": "finish out your presentation um i will", "0lHOExTNPhU-01971-00428319-00428479": "say we'll keep checking i'll keep", "0lHOExTNPhU-01972-00428480-00428639": "checking the chat while we're doing this", "0lHOExTNPhU-01973-00428639-00428870": "and i'll also remind everyone that if", "0lHOExTNPhU-01974-00428871-00429079": "you go to the website for this page we", "0lHOExTNPhU-01975-00429080-00429270": "have uh sarah's presentation and we have", "0lHOExTNPhU-01976-00429271-00429422": "some other resources there but i'm going", "0lHOExTNPhU-01977-00429423-00429607": "to let you take back over and you can", "0lHOExTNPhU-01978-00429608-00429766": "finish out your presentation whenever", "0lHOExTNPhU-01979-00429767-00429879": "you're ready", "0lHOExTNPhU-01980-00429880-00430455": "all right", "0lHOExTNPhU-01981-00430456-00430710": "thank you i'm i mean i'm delighted at", "0lHOExTNPhU-01982-00430712-00430927": "how many um", "0lHOExTNPhU-01983-00430928-00431231": "people stayed through the discussion uh", "0lHOExTNPhU-01984-00431232-00431447": "and how active the discussion was and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01985-00431447-00431622": "thank you all for your contributions to", "0lHOExTNPhU-01986-00431623-00431959": "the chat uh i wanted to wrap it up", "0lHOExTNPhU-01987-00431960-00432222": "because sometimes in the discussion you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01988-00432223-00432383": "lose sight of some of the points that", "0lHOExTNPhU-01989-00432384-00432479": "were", "0lHOExTNPhU-01990-00432480-00432766": "earlier in the presentation and so i", "0lHOExTNPhU-01991-00432767-00433031": "just want to do a reset and a remind", "0lHOExTNPhU-01992-00433032-00433422": "so choosing where to start", "0lHOExTNPhU-01993-00433423-00433622": "you know there's so much to be done and", "0lHOExTNPhU-01994-00433623-00433822": "some of it is hard that you don't have", "0lHOExTNPhU-01995-00433823-00433983": "to start with the hardest stuff or you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01996-00433984-00434214": "won't last in this fight start with the", "0lHOExTNPhU-01997-00434215-00434399": "stuff that's important to you where you", "0lHOExTNPhU-01998-00434400-00434591": "have passion skill", "0lHOExTNPhU-01999-00434592-00434807": "curiosity or something that bugs the", "0lHOExTNPhU-02000-00434808-00435007": "heck out of you because that's where", "0lHOExTNPhU-02001-00435008-00435191": "you'll be able to really", "0lHOExTNPhU-02002-00435192-00435407": "invest and see it through", "0lHOExTNPhU-02003-00435408-00435663": "and i regularly tell the story of jerry", "0lHOExTNPhU-02004-00435664-00435935": "faust at dumbarton house when i was", "0lHOExTNPhU-02005-00435935-00436039": "there", "0lHOExTNPhU-02006-00436039-00436231": "probably eight years ago doing an", "0lHOExTNPhU-02007-00436232-00436535": "operations audit for sustainability", "0lHOExTNPhU-02008-00436535-00436766": "um at this historic site", "0lHOExTNPhU-02009-00436767-00436927": "and i said so is there something that", "0lHOExTNPhU-02010-00436928-00437039": "really bugs you", "0lHOExTNPhU-02011-00437039-00437214": "because usually the thing that bugs you", "0lHOExTNPhU-02012-00437215-00437391": "is a place to start everybody's", "0lHOExTNPhU-02013-00437392-00437583": "motivated to look into it and to make", "0lHOExTNPhU-02014-00437584-00437807": "progress and it's easier to accomplish", "0lHOExTNPhU-02015-00437808-00437927": "something then", "0lHOExTNPhU-02016-00437928-00438103": "and he reached into his pocket and he", "0lHOExTNPhU-02017-00438104-00438303": "pulled out a glove and he said this this", "0lHOExTNPhU-02018-00438304-00438479": "is driving me crazy", "0lHOExTNPhU-02019-00438480-00438695": "and that started me on my pursuit of a", "0lHOExTNPhU-02020-00438696-00438895": "glove solution and it wasn't until we", "0lHOExTNPhU-02021-00438896-00439127": "got to lca that i was", "0lHOExTNPhU-02022-00439128-00439318": "felt like we had any way that we could", "0lHOExTNPhU-02023-00439319-00439566": "really address it so sometimes it is", "0lHOExTNPhU-02024-00439567-00439831": "long but those things that really drive", "0lHOExTNPhU-02025-00439832-00439959": "you", "0lHOExTNPhU-02026-00439960-00440127": "are the things that you are most", "0lHOExTNPhU-02027-00440128-00440359": "particularly prepared to contribute to", "0lHOExTNPhU-02028-00440360-00440551": "the field i mean", "0lHOExTNPhU-02029-00440552-00440687": "um", "0lHOExTNPhU-02030-00440688-00440918": "i don't know what your job is you know", "0lHOExTNPhU-02031-00440919-00441079": "what your job is you know your job", "0lHOExTNPhU-02032-00441080-00441310": "better than anyone else so you will make", "0lHOExTNPhU-02033-00441312-00441487": "better choices about what to tackle", "0lHOExTNPhU-02034-00441488-00441766": "there so if that's the thing that drives", "0lHOExTNPhU-02035-00441767-00441999": "you crazy or makes you happy", "0lHOExTNPhU-02036-00442000-00442175": "that's really to where you should invest", "0lHOExTNPhU-02037-00442176-00442359": "your energy you don't let people draw", "0lHOExTNPhU-02038-00442360-00442543": "you into conversations that don't", "0lHOExTNPhU-02039-00442543-00442799": "satisfy your passion", "0lHOExTNPhU-02040-00442800-00442959": "but when you have choices among a few", "0lHOExTNPhU-02041-00442960-00443135": "things to do", "0lHOExTNPhU-02042-00443135-00443303": "choose the one that affects the widest", "0lHOExTNPhU-02043-00443304-00443487": "group of people", "0lHOExTNPhU-02044-00443488-00443599": "and or", "0lHOExTNPhU-02045-00443600-00443766": "reduces greenhouse gas emissions the", "0lHOExTNPhU-02046-00443767-00444095": "most and or has the most co-benefits i", "0lHOExTNPhU-02047-00444096-00444327": "mean really the thing that influence", "0lHOExTNPhU-02048-00444328-00444559": "that has greater impact is the thing to", "0lHOExTNPhU-02049-00444560-00444847": "go for if you can", "0lHOExTNPhU-02050-00444847-00445047": "and just do it pick the thing that calls", "0lHOExTNPhU-02051-00445047-00445222": "for you and see what you can do to build", "0lHOExTNPhU-02052-00445223-00445655": "it into something more", "0lHOExTNPhU-02053-00445656-00445751": "now", "0lHOExTNPhU-02054-00445752-00445951": "okay lots of words you can't read them", "0lHOExTNPhU-02055-00445952-00446231": "all this is in the pdf but this is a", "0lHOExTNPhU-02056-00446232-00446351": "summary", "0lHOExTNPhU-02057-00446352-00446631": "of activities with the different three", "0lHOExTNPhU-02058-00446632-00446887": "types of agency and how you might apply", "0lHOExTNPhU-02059-00446888-00447199": "them so if we were to take", "0lHOExTNPhU-02060-00447200-00447375": "min max temperature and relative", "0lHOExTNPhU-02061-00447376-00447663": "humidity individual agency", "0lHOExTNPhU-02062-00447664-00447879": "is to read sustainable preservation", "0lHOExTNPhU-02063-00447880-00448103": "practices and start or feed the", "0lHOExTNPhU-02064-00448104-00448391": "conversation at your institution", "0lHOExTNPhU-02065-00448392-00448679": "collective agency is to talk about it", "0lHOExTNPhU-02066-00448680-00448910": "ask for discussions at conferences ask", "0lHOExTNPhU-02067-00448912-00448983": "for", "0lHOExTNPhU-02068-00448984-00449207": "lists of grant funders who support that", "0lHOExTNPhU-02069-00449208-00449455": "kind of work ask for case studies of", "0lHOExTNPhU-02070-00449456-00449663": "groups that have done this collect the", "0lHOExTNPhU-02071-00449664-00449831": "case studies yourself maybe all the", "0lHOExTNPhU-02072-00449832-00450031": "folks here will commit to sharing their", "0lHOExTNPhU-02073-00450032-00450303": "story if they've done that work", "0lHOExTNPhU-02074-00450304-00450470": "proxy agency", "0lHOExTNPhU-02075-00450471-00450822": "ask aic to figure out how it can best", "0lHOExTNPhU-02076-00450823-00451050": "contribute to the widespread adoption", "0lHOExTNPhU-02077-00451051-00451175": "[Music]", "0lHOExTNPhU-02078-00451176-00451335": "of these guidelines", "0lHOExTNPhU-02079-00451335-00451614": "it doesn't mean that aic has to do it", "0lHOExTNPhU-02080-00451615-00451855": "but how can it help facilitate that", "0lHOExTNPhU-02081-00451856-00452199": "conversation on behalf of the sector", "0lHOExTNPhU-02082-00452200-00452463": "another example is to treat an object", "0lHOExTNPhU-02083-00452464-00452663": "individual agencies", "0lHOExTNPhU-02084-00452664-00452831": "use the stitch tool", "0lHOExTNPhU-02085-00452832-00453022": "look for alternatives to the things you", "0lHOExTNPhU-02086-00453023-00453343": "currently use in your materials", "0lHOExTNPhU-02087-00453343-00453687": "collective agency on treating an object", "0lHOExTNPhU-02088-00453688-00453887": "vote with your budgets", "0lHOExTNPhU-02089-00453888-00454159": "by purchasing materials or not", "0lHOExTNPhU-02090-00454160-00454351": "in pursuit of better materials for", "0lHOExTNPhU-02091-00454352-00454543": "collections care good for collections", "0lHOExTNPhU-02092-00454543-00454807": "care good for the climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-02093-00454808-00455079": "proxy agency for object treatment tell", "0lHOExTNPhU-02094-00455080-00455366": "epa to ban substances where appropriate", "0lHOExTNPhU-02095-00455367-00455687": "and tell nsf to invest in research for", "0lHOExTNPhU-02096-00455688-00455807": "better", "0lHOExTNPhU-02097-00455808-00455951": "substances that you can use in", "0lHOExTNPhU-02098-00455952-00456110": "collections care and management that", "0lHOExTNPhU-02099-00456112-00456351": "aren't bad for climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-02100-00456352-00456566": "so this whole chart is just an example", "0lHOExTNPhU-02101-00456567-00456847": "of things but it's available as a pdf on", "0lHOExTNPhU-02102-00456847-00457087": "the website so you can have a look at it", "0lHOExTNPhU-02103-00457088-00457207": "and think about the things that you'd", "0lHOExTNPhU-02104-00457208-00457366": "like to do", "0lHOExTNPhU-02105-00457367-00457670": "and so i'm asking you now", "0lHOExTNPhU-02106-00457671-00457903": "to make a list for yourself of three", "0lHOExTNPhU-02107-00457904-00458166": "things at each level of agency that", "0lHOExTNPhU-02108-00458167-00458366": "you'd like to pursue and that doesn't", "0lHOExTNPhU-02109-00458367-00458479": "mean you're going to start them all", "0lHOExTNPhU-02110-00458480-00458703": "today but put them on your list of the", "0lHOExTNPhU-02111-00458704-00458895": "accomplishments accomplishments you'd", "0lHOExTNPhU-02112-00458896-00459439": "like to make at each of these levels", "0lHOExTNPhU-02113-00459439-00459727": "i'm really hopeful despite the terrible", "0lHOExTNPhU-02114-00459728-00459975": "things that are happening about climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-02115-00459976-00460175": "because so many of you came today and", "0lHOExTNPhU-02116-00460176-00460383": "stayed so long", "0lHOExTNPhU-02117-00460384-00460683": "because aic asked that this topic be", "0lHOExTNPhU-02118-00460684-00460959": "presented because awesome people like", "0lHOExTNPhU-02119-00460960-00461222": "sarah nunberg matt eckelman and sarah", "0lHOExTNPhU-02120-00461223-00461431": "sanchez are working so hard on the", "0lHOExTNPhU-02121-00461432-00461663": "stitch project with me who's not a", "0lHOExTNPhU-02122-00461664-00461951": "scientist in order think of think about", "0lHOExTNPhU-02123-00461952-00462183": "how to provide life cycle assessment to", "0lHOExTNPhU-02124-00462184-00462455": "make it easier for all easier for us all", "0lHOExTNPhU-02125-00462456-00462807": "to make educated choices in our work", "0lHOExTNPhU-02126-00462808-00463039": "and then people like shannon nortz she's", "0lHOExTNPhU-02127-00463039-00463343": "helping us do that um glove", "0lHOExTNPhU-02128-00463343-00463518": "lca", "0lHOExTNPhU-02129-00463519-00463822": "and she's helped she created the survey", "0lHOExTNPhU-02130-00463823-00463991": "she was motivated this is something", "0lHOExTNPhU-02131-00463992-00464207": "that's important to her and she's", "0lHOExTNPhU-02132-00464208-00464439": "working with us on it so people like her", "0lHOExTNPhU-02133-00464439-00464607": "make me feel hopeful", "0lHOExTNPhU-02134-00464608-00464775": "the whole held and trust team which is", "0lHOExTNPhU-02135-00464776-00464855": "part", "0lHOExTNPhU-02136-00464856-00465143": "an aic project funded by the national", "0lHOExTNPhU-02137-00465143-00465391": "endowment humanities crazy smart", "0lHOExTNPhU-02138-00465392-00465583": "motivated people who are trying to come", "0lHOExTNPhU-02139-00465584-00465847": "up with solutions for a sustainable and", "0lHOExTNPhU-02140-00465847-00466159": "thriving cultural heritage sector", "0lHOExTNPhU-02141-00466160-00466399": "on every level", "0lHOExTNPhU-02142-00466400-00466614": "because neh is funding things like the", "0lHOExTNPhU-02143-00466615-00466863": "life cycle assessment project and held", "0lHOExTNPhU-02144-00466864-00467175": "in trust and because the white house", "0lHOExTNPhU-02145-00467176-00467359": "actually set out loud cultural", "0lHOExTNPhU-02146-00467360-00467655": "institutions that gives me hope that", "0lHOExTNPhU-02147-00467656-00467855": "we're going to create change that'll be", "0lHOExTNPhU-02148-00467856-00468118": "good for all of us", "0lHOExTNPhU-02149-00468119-00468422": "now when the webinar closes today", "0lHOExTNPhU-02150-00468423-00468559": "you might feel", "0lHOExTNPhU-02151-00468560-00468831": "some things about climate or about your", "0lHOExTNPhU-02152-00468832-00469047": "job or the things you want to do maybe", "0lHOExTNPhU-02153-00469047-00469351": "you won't but maybe you will", "0lHOExTNPhU-02154-00469352-00469575": "if any of those things are worries or", "0lHOExTNPhU-02155-00469576-00469710": "frustration", "0lHOExTNPhU-02156-00469712-00469910": "i want you to acknowledge", "0lHOExTNPhU-02157-00469912-00470166": "understand appreciate that those things", "0lHOExTNPhU-02158-00470167-00470463": "are real feelings anxiety depression", "0lHOExTNPhU-02159-00470464-00470783": "frustration anger they are real", "0lHOExTNPhU-02160-00470784-00470999": "and they don't go away by themselves", "0lHOExTNPhU-02161-00471000-00471239": "so do talk with other people about those", "0lHOExTNPhU-02162-00471239-00471455": "feelings and the things that you want to", "0lHOExTNPhU-02163-00471456-00471599": "accomplish", "0lHOExTNPhU-02164-00471600-00471783": "you can always call and talk to me about", "0lHOExTNPhU-02165-00471784-00471975": "them and you can call and tell me about", "0lHOExTNPhU-02166-00471976-00472159": "the good things as well but you can call", "0lHOExTNPhU-02167-00472160-00472383": "and talk me talk to me", "0lHOExTNPhU-02168-00472384-00472551": "when you're anxious or concerned or", "0lHOExTNPhU-02169-00472552-00472743": "frustrated", "0lHOExTNPhU-02170-00472743-00472966": "but do do something", "0lHOExTNPhU-02171-00472967-00473295": "the doing is scientifically proven to", "0lHOExTNPhU-02172-00473296-00473551": "improve our attitudes and our feelings", "0lHOExTNPhU-02173-00473552-00473727": "of agency", "0lHOExTNPhU-02174-00473728-00473999": "taking action makes us feel", "0lHOExTNPhU-02175-00474000-00474159": "better and more committed to climate", "0lHOExTNPhU-02176-00474160-00474366": "action", "0lHOExTNPhU-02177-00474367-00474575": "and do remember how happy i am that you", "0lHOExTNPhU-02178-00474576-00474791": "came today so when the webinar closes", "0lHOExTNPhU-02179-00474792-00475022": "and everything's silent remember all of", "0lHOExTNPhU-02180-00475023-00475270": "those things glad you came today", "0lHOExTNPhU-02181-00475271-00475463": "you've got good things to do now and", "0lHOExTNPhU-02182-00475464-00475766": "you've got good peers to do them with", "0lHOExTNPhU-02183-00475767-00475951": "thank you very much and i'll work a", "0lHOExTNPhU-02184-00475952-00476095": "little longer in case there are any", "0lHOExTNPhU-02185-00476096-00476310": "questions", "0lHOExTNPhU-02186-00476312-00476470": "thank you sarah", "0lHOExTNPhU-02187-00476471-00476639": "um while we're kind of closing out", "0lHOExTNPhU-02188-00476639-00476783": "everything i'll let everyone know that", "0lHOExTNPhU-02189-00476784-00477079": "we put a link to our survey for this", "0lHOExTNPhU-02190-00477080-00477303": "webinar in the chat so if you take a few", "0lHOExTNPhU-02191-00477304-00477479": "minutes to do that it would be", "0lHOExTNPhU-02192-00477480-00477727": "appreciated um there's a lot of thank", "0lHOExTNPhU-02193-00477728-00477983": "yous happening so thank you to sarah in", "0lHOExTNPhU-02194-00477984-00478166": "the chat right now", "0lHOExTNPhU-02195-00478167-00478335": "oh yeah just huge thank you this was", "0lHOExTNPhU-02196-00478335-00478518": "great and it it you do get moments", "0lHOExTNPhU-02197-00478519-00478679": "sometimes i think lately just because of", "0lHOExTNPhU-02198-00478680-00478807": "the world", "0lHOExTNPhU-02199-00478808-00478991": "um for the past like year and a half", "0lHOExTNPhU-02200-00478992-00479143": "almost two years that you're just kind", "0lHOExTNPhU-02201-00479143-00479351": "of like just feel downtrodden and kind", "0lHOExTNPhU-02202-00479352-00479503": "of worn out so hearing all these kind of", "0lHOExTNPhU-02203-00479504-00479695": "actionable things and hearing just your", "0lHOExTNPhU-02204-00479696-00479863": "your talk and it you feel a little", "0lHOExTNPhU-02205-00479864-00480007": "better you know what i mean knowing that", "0lHOExTNPhU-02206-00480008-00480135": "like there are some things you can do", "0lHOExTNPhU-02207-00480135-00480295": "and there's people like that you out", "0lHOExTNPhU-02208-00480296-00480510": "there hoping to arrange stuff like that", "0lHOExTNPhU-02209-00480512-00480839": "so it's greatly appreciated um thank you", "0lHOExTNPhU-02210-00480839-00481007": "to learning times for producing this", "0lHOExTNPhU-02211-00481008-00481383": "webinar today thank you to imls and faic", "0lHOExTNPhU-02212-00481384-00481607": "and um with that i'm gonna close", "0lHOExTNPhU-02213-00481608-00481766": "everything out please join us for our", "0lHOExTNPhU-02214-00481767-00481935": "upcoming webinars and again thank you", "0lHOExTNPhU-02215-00481935-00482103": "sarah for everything really appreciated", "0lHOExTNPhU-02216-00482104-00482239": "thank you everyone", "0lHOExTNPhU-02217-00482239-00482575": "i appreciate the notes that's kind", "0lHOExTNPhU-02218-00482576-00482847": "i will keep paddling", "0lHOExTNPhU-02219-00482847-00483031": "we'll see you all next month and thanks", "0lHOExTNPhU-02220-00483032-00483332": "again"}}]