[{"audio_id": "zvyft0MI2vE", "text": {"zvyft0MI2vE-00000-00001492-00002657": "foreign", "zvyft0MI2vE-00001-00002658-00004283": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00002-00004284-00006942": "um", "zvyft0MI2vE-00003-00006943-00008070": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00004-00008070-00009130": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00005-00009131-00010259": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00006-00010260-00011460": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00007-00011461-00012400": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00008-00012401-00013243": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00009-00013244-00014515": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00010-00014516-00020486": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00011-00020487-00021725": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00012-00021726-00022535": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00013-00022536-00023493": "what", "zvyft0MI2vE-00014-00023494-00025275": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00015-00025276-00026569": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00016-00026570-00028561": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00017-00028562-00029085": "[Music]", "zvyft0MI2vE-00018-00029086-00030142": "[Music]", 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"zvGsP31nAd8-00008-00002346-00002615": "on 34th Street movie then stop by a 7UP", "zvGsP31nAd8-00009-00002616-00002789": "display for details on how Miracle money", "zvGsP31nAd8-00010-00002790-00003076": "can help make your season jolly", "zvGsP31nAd8-00011-00003077-00003322": "why all the excitement because with", "zvGsP31nAd8-00012-00003323-00003503": "Uncle and Miracle money you can get ten", "zvGsP31nAd8-00013-00003504-00003659": "dollars in free groceries and seven up", "zvGsP31nAd8-00014-00003660-00003922": "just see the new Miracle on 34th Street", "zvGsP31nAd8-00015-00003923-00004043": "movie", "zvGsP31nAd8-00016-00004044-00004259": "then stop by a 7UP display for miracle", "zvGsP31nAd8-00017-00004260-00004462": "money details and have a happy holiday", "zvGsP31nAd8-00018-00004463-00004686": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00019-00004687-00005251": "bye Lindsay oh hi Lyla what's new", "zvGsP31nAd8-00020-00005252-00005567": "everybody says I'm too little", "zvGsP31nAd8-00021-00005568-00006031": "really", "zvGsP31nAd8-00022-00006032-00006359": "mcdonaldland that's where I'm from yeah", "zvGsP31nAd8-00023-00006360-00006617": "I hear it's really nice I hear where", "zvGsP31nAd8-00024-00006618-00006809": "you're from is really nice too", "zvGsP31nAd8-00025-00006809-00007175": "it's okay yeah cause you got that", "zvGsP31nAd8-00026-00007176-00007414": "basketball hoop over your garage and", "zvGsP31nAd8-00027-00007415-00007720": "your back porch it has that great wind", "zvGsP31nAd8-00028-00007722-00008051": "shine I made that at summer camp once", "zvGsP31nAd8-00029-00008052-00008314": "there's that beautiful field where I", "zvGsP31nAd8-00030-00008315-00008610": "take butterflies", "zvGsP31nAd8-00031-00008611-00008951": "hey when you're in mcdonaldland who's", "zvGsP31nAd8-00032-00008952-00009101": "gonna make the decorations for your", "zvGsP31nAd8-00033-00009102-00009299": "dad's birthday party who's going to be", "zvGsP31nAd8-00034-00009300-00009521": "the snowflake in the school play who's", "zvGsP31nAd8-00035-00009522-00009919": "gonna feed Mr goldfish", "zvGsP31nAd8-00036-00009920-00010327": "oh okay why Lindsay", "zvGsP31nAd8-00037-00010328-00010655": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00038-00010656-00010895": "when JCPenney helps you decorate your", "zvGsP31nAd8-00039-00010896-00011296": "home anything goes our sheets go with", "zvGsP31nAd8-00040-00011297-00011471": "our comforters that go with our drapes", "zvGsP31nAd8-00041-00011472-00011669": "because JCPenney's unique coordinating", "zvGsP31nAd8-00042-00011670-00011860": "system lets you match pattern to pattern", "zvGsP31nAd8-00043-00011861-00012106": "and item to item so whether you go with", "zvGsP31nAd8-00044-00012107-00012305": "the elegant styles of classic Traditions", "zvGsP31nAd8-00045-00012306-00012592": "or the bold colors is by Design our", "zvGsP31nAd8-00046-00012593-00012778": "exclusive Brands not only give you a lot", "zvGsP31nAd8-00047-00012779-00013001": "for your money but towels that goes your", "zvGsP31nAd8-00048-00013002-00013180": "shower", "zvGsP31nAd8-00049-00013181-00013403": "it's fun helping and having your", "zvGsP31nAd8-00050-00013404-00013715": "Workshop Ronald great baby what's this", "zvGsP31nAd8-00051-00013716-00013936": "thing Ronald that's our stop sign stop", "zvGsP31nAd8-00052-00013937-00014191": "sign press this", "zvGsP31nAd8-00053-00014191-00014555": "stop everything and have a Happy Meal", "zvGsP31nAd8-00054-00014556-00014705": "okay", "zvGsP31nAd8-00055-00014706-00014944": "then the Snow Fairy granted the toy", "zvGsP31nAd8-00056-00014945-00015172": "soldiers holiday wish happy meals for", "zvGsP31nAd8-00057-00015173-00015353": "everybody right now at McDonald's you", "zvGsP31nAd8-00058-00015354-00015557": "can adopt four adorable posable Cabbage", "zvGsP31nAd8-00059-00015558-00015730": "Patch Kids one with every Cabbage Patch", "zvGsP31nAd8-00060-00015731-00015953": "tank a Happy Meal you buy now now I wish", "zvGsP31nAd8-00061-00015954-00016153": "for some of your fries", "zvGsP31nAd8-00062-00016154-00016469": "there's hair and there's hair with style", "zvGsP31nAd8-00063-00016470-00016691": "to get it you need the right Elements", "zvGsP31nAd8-00064-00016692-00016991": "Salon selectives a personalized system", "zvGsP31nAd8-00065-00016992-00017261": "of interlocking formulas elements you", "zvGsP31nAd8-00066-00017262-00017494": "put together for the precise combination", "zvGsP31nAd8-00067-00017495-00017765": "of cleaning conditioning and finish your", "zvGsP31nAd8-00068-00017766-00017911": "hair needs", "zvGsP31nAd8-00069-00017912-00018275": "customized style you build in step by", "zvGsP31nAd8-00070-00018276-00018569": "step by step to go beyond hair that's", "zvGsP31nAd8-00071-00018570-00018863": "just there to hair with style salon", "zvGsP31nAd8-00072-00018864-00019285": "selectives select your elements of style", "zvGsP31nAd8-00073-00019286-00019517": "let's make something different for Santa", "zvGsP31nAd8-00074-00019518-00020116": "this year cello geek lives yeah", "zvGsP31nAd8-00075-00020117-00020255": "[Applause]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00076-00020256-00020507": "Santa loves jigglers use your favorite", "zvGsP31nAd8-00077-00020508-00020717": "holiday cookie cutters in the recipe on", "zvGsP31nAd8-00078-00020718-00020993": "a box of jello brand gelatin", "zvGsP31nAd8-00079-00020994-00021035": "foreign", "zvGsP31nAd8-00080-00021036-00021841": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00081-00021842-00022164": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00082-00022165-00022397": "could you describe the taste of apple", "zvGsP31nAd8-00083-00022398-00022591": "cinnamon Cheerios", "zvGsP31nAd8-00084-00022592-00022817": "it's not exactly apple cinnamon it's", "zvGsP31nAd8-00085-00022818-00023130": "more of a cinnamony apple no it's", "zvGsP31nAd8-00086-00023131-00023369": "delicious but in a different sort of a", "zvGsP31nAd8-00087-00023370-00023525": "way do you know what I mean it's crunchy", "zvGsP31nAd8-00088-00023526-00023891": "good it's on the tip of mine I I would", "zvGsP31nAd8-00089-00023892-00024378": "say an aptitude of cinnamon definitely", "zvGsP31nAd8-00090-00024379-00024653": "does that make sense one bite and The", "zvGsP31nAd8-00091-00024654-00024844": "Taste will tell you how good it is apple", "zvGsP31nAd8-00092-00024845-00025049": "cinnamon Cheerios it's different in a", "zvGsP31nAd8-00093-00025050-00025333": "delicious sort of way", "zvGsP31nAd8-00094-00025334-00025564": "it's a holiday classic for the whole", "zvGsP31nAd8-00095-00025565-00025961": "family the durable dude made of snowman", "zvGsP31nAd8-00096-00025962-00026249": "and he's way cool Wednesday Saturday", "zvGsP31nAd8-00097-00026250-00026489": "mornings are turning toontastic there's", "zvGsP31nAd8-00098-00026489-00026687": "swashbuckling action and evil around", "zvGsP31nAd8-00099-00026688-00026920": "every corner all new adventures of", "zvGsP31nAd8-00100-00026922-00027101": "Disney's Little Mermaids Saturdays on", "zvGsP31nAd8-00101-00027102-00027418": "CBS even a hundred years ago some women", "zvGsP31nAd8-00102-00027419-00027635": "came face to face with a deadly disease", "zvGsP31nAd8-00103-00027636-00027958": "a loser part of myself no one doctor", "zvGsP31nAd8-00104-00027960-00028168": "must decide between saving a life", "zvGsP31nAd8-00105-00028169-00028343": "someone who's got to fight this thing", "zvGsP31nAd8-00106-00028344-00028607": "with her or honoring a friendship this", "zvGsP31nAd8-00107-00028608-00028805": "is very possibly choosing death it's", "zvGsP31nAd8-00108-00028806-00028996": "still her choice an unforgettable Dr", "zvGsP31nAd8-00109-00028997-00029179": "Quinn Saturday", "zvGsP31nAd8-00110-00029180-00029477": "taking part in supervised Athletics can", "zvGsP31nAd8-00111-00029477-00029662": "reduce a kid's involvement in Violence", "zvGsP31nAd8-00112-00029663-00029914": "by teaching sportsmanship teamwork and", "zvGsP31nAd8-00113-00029916-00031807": "positive communication", "zvGsP31nAd8-00114-00031808-00032208": "let it snow let it snow let it snow", "zvGsP31nAd8-00115-00032210-00032501": "nothing melts away the cold like a", "zvGsP31nAd8-00116-00032502-00032761": "delicious hot bowl of Campbell's Soup", "zvGsP31nAd8-00117-00032762-00033103": "let us know let it snow", "zvGsP31nAd8-00118-00033104-00033346": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00119-00033347-00033617": "candles 7Up wants to make you a Believer", "zvGsP31nAd8-00120-00033618-00033773": "you can get ten dollars in free", "zvGsP31nAd8-00121-00033774-00033911": "groceries and seven up for your family", "zvGsP31nAd8-00122-00033912-00034139": "with uncola Miracle money it's true just", "zvGsP31nAd8-00123-00034140-00034331": "see the new Miracle on 34th Street movie", "zvGsP31nAd8-00124-00034332-00034589": "then stop by a 7UP display for details", "zvGsP31nAd8-00125-00034590-00034745": "on how Miracle money can help make your", "zvGsP31nAd8-00126-00034746-00034961": "season jolly", "zvGsP31nAd8-00127-00034962-00035207": "why all the excitement because with", "zvGsP31nAd8-00128-00035208-00035393": "Uncle a miracle money you can get ten", "zvGsP31nAd8-00129-00035394-00035549": "dollars in free groceries and seven up", "zvGsP31nAd8-00130-00035550-00035812": "just see the new Miracle on 34th Street", "zvGsP31nAd8-00131-00035813-00036083": "movie hey then stop by a 7-Up display", "zvGsP31nAd8-00132-00036084-00036299": "for miracle money details and have a", "zvGsP31nAd8-00133-00036300-00036355": "happy holiday", "zvGsP31nAd8-00134-00036356-00036901": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00135-00036902-00037168": "it's the wedding you waited 20 years for", "zvGsP31nAd8-00136-00037169-00037402": "bionic woman and Six Million Dollar Man", "zvGsP31nAd8-00137-00037403-00037649": "and this time nothing just antibiotics", "zvGsP31nAd8-00138-00037650-00037912": "are breaking down nothing Steve is in", "zvGsP31nAd8-00139-00037913-00038123": "that compound waste time will keep them", "zvGsP31nAd8-00140-00038124-00038459": "from a honeymoon you'll never forget", "zvGsP31nAd8-00141-00038460-00038705": "okay she's my fiance Lee Majors Lindsay", "zvGsP31nAd8-00142-00038706-00039005": "Wagner bionic ever after next next", "zvGsP31nAd8-00143-00039006-00039239": "Tuesday two small children are trapped", "zvGsP31nAd8-00144-00039240-00039539": "it was just fire everywhere this smell", "zvGsP31nAd8-00145-00039540-00039724": "cleared away just for a second a", "zvGsP31nAd8-00146-00039725-00040030": "Christmas miracle on Rescue 9-1-1 this", "zvGsP31nAd8-00147-00040031-00040301": "is CBS", "zvGsP31nAd8-00148-00040302-00042140": "foreign", "zvGsP31nAd8-00149-00042141-00042710": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00150-00042711-00043307": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00151-00043308-00043407": "foreign", "zvGsP31nAd8-00152-00043408-00043685": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00153-00043686-00043796": "stuff", "zvGsP31nAd8-00154-00043797-00045599": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00155-00045600-00045845": "Christmas dreams come true on the SATA", "zvGsP31nAd8-00156-00045846-00046318": "show weekdays on TV five", "zvGsP31nAd8-00157-00046319-00046774": "run off election results at 10 on TV 5.", "zvGsP31nAd8-00158-00046775-00047065": "kids are full of questions", "zvGsP31nAd8-00159-00047066-00047368": "alive I got three wishes like Aladdin", "zvGsP31nAd8-00160-00047369-00047585": "can I fly like Peter", "zvGsP31nAd8-00161-00047586-00047711": "Peter who inspired these Disney", "zvGsP31nAd8-00162-00047712-00047915": "questions Burger King because of the", "zvGsP31nAd8-00163-00047916-00048058": "first time ever I get great Disney", "zvGsP31nAd8-00164-00048059-00048262": "glasses from Coca-Cola with magical", "zvGsP31nAd8-00165-00048263-00048540": "moments from Disney Classics Aladdin", "zvGsP31nAd8-00166-00048541-00048880": "Peter Pan all their favorites just 89", "zvGsP31nAd8-00167-00048881-00049090": "cents each with any Whopper Value meat", "zvGsP31nAd8-00168-00049091-00049435": "Daddy are you Mommy's friends Charming", "zvGsP31nAd8-00169-00049436-00049793": "Burger King get your Burgers worth", "zvGsP31nAd8-00170-00049794-00050080": "craft helps you make holiday magic with", "zvGsP31nAd8-00171-00050081-00050495": "Velveeta salsa dip", "zvGsP31nAd8-00172-00050496-00050861": "start with Velveeta", "zvGsP31nAd8-00173-00050862-00051035": "Ben add salsa", "zvGsP31nAd8-00174-00051036-00051364": "salsa cheddar cat no this smooth and", "zvGsP31nAd8-00175-00051365-00051646": "creamy look on the box for the Velveeta", "zvGsP31nAd8-00176-00051647-00051964": "cheese bread salsa dip recipe or a dip", "zvGsP31nAd8-00177-00051965-00052180": "so cheesy good they'll think it's", "zvGsP31nAd8-00178-00052182-00052451": "incredible make holiday magic tonight", "zvGsP31nAd8-00179-00052452-00052671": "with Velveeta", "zvGsP31nAd8-00180-00052672-00052819": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00181-00052820-00053092": "the Fisher-Price dollhouse is everything", "zvGsP31nAd8-00182-00053094-00053363": "a dream house should be with a doorbell", "zvGsP31nAd8-00183-00053364-00053641": "to welcome you a family to call your own", "zvGsP31nAd8-00184-00053641-00053975": "lots of cozy furniture and even a very", "zvGsP31nAd8-00185-00053976-00054197": "special way to get everyone tucked in at", "zvGsP31nAd8-00186-00054198-00054509": "night there's more fun all around at the", "zvGsP31nAd8-00187-00054510-00054688": "Fisher Price kitchen Center because no", "zvGsP31nAd8-00188-00054689-00054892": "other kitchen comes with as much like a", "zvGsP31nAd8-00189-00054894-00055073": "fold down table in high chair and all", "zvGsP31nAd8-00190-00055074-00055265": "the stuff kids need to cook up lots of", "zvGsP31nAd8-00191-00055266-00055463": "fun the all-in-one kitchen center from", "zvGsP31nAd8-00192-00055464-00055661": "Fisher Price now with 20 piece super", "zvGsP31nAd8-00193-00055662-00055861": "breakfast set", "zvGsP31nAd8-00194-00055862-00056285": "Big Girls Don't Cry it's a tear-free", "zvGsP31nAd8-00195-00056286-00056507": "shampoo and detangling conditioner in", "zvGsP31nAd8-00196-00056508-00056938": "one Pert Plus for kids they don't cry no", "zvGsP31nAd8-00197-00056939-00057316": "tears in the bath big girl and no tears", "zvGsP31nAd8-00198-00057317-00057563": "after because it's tougher untangled", "zvGsP31nAd8-00199-00057564-00057886": "than the leading tear-free shampoo", "zvGsP31nAd8-00200-00057887-00058279": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00201-00058279-00058654": "easy on eyes tough on Tangles loved by", "zvGsP31nAd8-00202-00058655-00058750": "kids", "zvGsP31nAd8-00203-00058751-00059038": "surprise be the snow it's a holiday", "zvGsP31nAd8-00204-00059039-00059309": "classic for the whole family the durable", "zvGsP31nAd8-00205-00059310-00059549": "dude made of snow", "zvGsP31nAd8-00206-00059550-00059771": "it's way cool length day", "zvGsP31nAd8-00207-00059772-00060403": "CBS Saturday mornings are turning", "zvGsP31nAd8-00208-00060404-00060676": "the movie slobbering Beethoven has his", "zvGsP31nAd8-00209-00060677-00060775": "own series", "zvGsP31nAd8-00210-00060776-00061073": "then Disney's great adventure comes to", "zvGsP31nAd8-00211-00061074-00061213": "CBS", "zvGsP31nAd8-00212-00061214-00061534": "all new aladdinance", "zvGsP31nAd8-00213-00061535-00061991": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00214-00061991-00062219": "7Up wants to make you a Believer you can", "zvGsP31nAd8-00215-00062220-00062416": "get 10 in free groceries and seven up", "zvGsP31nAd8-00216-00062417-00062573": "for your family with uncola Miracle", "zvGsP31nAd8-00217-00062574-00062771": "money it's true just see the new Miracle", "zvGsP31nAd8-00218-00062772-00063041": "on 34th Street movie then stop by a 7-Up", "zvGsP31nAd8-00219-00063041-00063215": "display for details on how Miracle money", "zvGsP31nAd8-00220-00063216-00063515": "can help make your season jolly", "zvGsP31nAd8-00221-00063516-00063754": "why all the excitement because with", "zvGsP31nAd8-00222-00063755-00063935": "uncalled Miracle money you can get ten", "zvGsP31nAd8-00223-00063936-00064091": "dollars in free groceries and seven up", "zvGsP31nAd8-00224-00064091-00064288": "can't do it just see the new Miracle on", "zvGsP31nAd8-00225-00064289-00064469": "34th Street movie", "zvGsP31nAd8-00226-00064470-00064685": "then stop by a 7-Up display for miracle", "zvGsP31nAd8-00227-00064686-00064891": "money details and have a happy holiday", "zvGsP31nAd8-00228-00064892-00065009": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00229-00065010-00065142": "s", "zvGsP31nAd8-00230-00065144-00065416": "Workshop hi Dan hi Bernice what you", "zvGsP31nAd8-00231-00065417-00065671": "making Ronald a cheeseburger Happy Meal", "zvGsP31nAd8-00232-00065672-00066100": "for each of you that's my favorite", "zvGsP31nAd8-00233-00066101-00066311": "you might want to take yours out of the", "zvGsP31nAd8-00234-00066312-00066509": "box", "zvGsP31nAd8-00235-00066510-00066713": "in case you haven't heard there's a lot", "zvGsP31nAd8-00236-00066714-00066965": "of work going on at McDonald's because", "zvGsP31nAd8-00237-00066966-00067144": "right now you can get these four moving", "zvGsP31nAd8-00238-00067145-00067441": "lifting Tonka trucks", "zvGsP31nAd8-00239-00067442-00067679": "one with every Taco Cabbage Patch Happy", "zvGsP31nAd8-00240-00067680-00067913": "Meal you buy sounds like a really good", "zvGsP31nAd8-00241-00067914-00068293": "time", "zvGsP31nAd8-00242-00068294-00068621": "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer sponsored", "zvGsP31nAd8-00243-00068622-00068963": "by McDonald's what you want is what you", "zvGsP31nAd8-00244-00068964-00069371": "get at McDonald's today", "zvGsP31nAd8-00245-00069372-00069965": "oh", "zvGsP31nAd8-00246-00069966-00070187": "nothing like a good reindeer story", "zvGsP31nAd8-00247-00070188-00070415": "what's next Lee Majors and Lindsay", "zvGsP31nAd8-00248-00070416-00070805": "Wagner star in bionic Ever After", "zvGsP31nAd8-00249-00070806-00071015": "the Jenkins have a Nestle Toll House", "zvGsP31nAd8-00250-00071016-00071249": "Christmas I just love baking cookies at", "zvGsP31nAd8-00251-00071250-00071506": "Christmas", "zvGsP31nAd8-00252-00071507-00071768": "baking cookies for Santa", "zvGsP31nAd8-00253-00071769-00072217": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00254-00072218-00072497": "when you use Rich creamy morsels you get", "zvGsP31nAd8-00255-00072498-00072797": "the world's best tasting cookies", "zvGsP31nAd8-00256-00072798-00073079": "you sorry I'm late Rich creamy Nestle", "zvGsP31nAd8-00257-00073080-00073271": "Toll House morsel this Christmas make", "zvGsP31nAd8-00258-00073272-00073432": "your house a troll house and for all", "zvGsP31nAd8-00259-00073433-00073588": "your baking Meats look for nest we don't", "zvGsP31nAd8-00260-00073589-00073756": "have bacon bars and cocoa in your local", "zvGsP31nAd8-00261-00073757-00074791": "supermarket", "zvGsP31nAd8-00262-00074792-00075059": "Happy Meal come on I'll make one", "zvGsP31nAd8-00263-00075060-00075341": "especially for you", "zvGsP31nAd8-00264-00075342-00075655": "okay", "zvGsP31nAd8-00265-00075656-00075917": "it's a happy birthday happy meal with 15", "zvGsP31nAd8-00266-00075918-00076091": "of your favorite characters one with", "zvGsP31nAd8-00267-00076092-00076271": "each Happy Meal goodbye they come back", "zvGsP31nAd8-00268-00076272-00076606": "to make a birthday train", "zvGsP31nAd8-00269-00076607-00076794": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00270-00076795-00077050": "7Up wants to make you a Believer you can", "zvGsP31nAd8-00271-00077051-00077212": "get ten dollars in free groceries and", "zvGsP31nAd8-00272-00077213-00077369": "seven up for your family with uncola", "zvGsP31nAd8-00273-00077370-00077573": "Miracle money it's true just see the new", "zvGsP31nAd8-00274-00077574-00077812": "Miracle on 34th Street movie then stop", "zvGsP31nAd8-00275-00077813-00078011": "by at 7Up display for details on how", "zvGsP31nAd8-00276-00078012-00078155": "Miracle money can help make your season", "zvGsP31nAd8-00277-00078156-00078337": "jolly", "zvGsP31nAd8-00278-00078338-00078581": "why all the excitement because with", "zvGsP31nAd8-00279-00078582-00078767": "uncalled Miracle money you can get ten", "zvGsP31nAd8-00280-00078768-00078941": "dollars and free groceries and seven UPS", "zvGsP31nAd8-00281-00078942-00079187": "to see the new Miracle on 34th Street", "zvGsP31nAd8-00282-00079188-00079481": "movie then stop by at 7-Up display for", "zvGsP31nAd8-00283-00079482-00079673": "miracle money details have a happy", "zvGsP31nAd8-00284-00079674-00079859": "holidays", "zvGsP31nAd8-00285-00079860-00080461": "yes Saturday mornings are turning", "zvGsP31nAd8-00286-00080462-00080741": "the movie slobbering Beethoven has its", "zvGsP31nAd8-00287-00080742-00081738": "own series", "zvGsP31nAd8-00288-00081739-00082279": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00289-00082280-00082637": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00290-00082638-00083188": "Islands you guys", "zvGsP31nAd8-00291-00083189-00083417": "7Up wants to make you a Believer you can", "zvGsP31nAd8-00292-00083418-00083573": "get ten dollars in free groceries and", "zvGsP31nAd8-00293-00083574-00083729": "seven up for your family with uncola", "zvGsP31nAd8-00294-00083730-00083932": "Miracle money it's true just see the new", "zvGsP31nAd8-00295-00083933-00084173": "Miracle on 34th Street movie then stop", "zvGsP31nAd8-00296-00084174-00084359": "by a 7UP display for details on how", "zvGsP31nAd8-00297-00084360-00084515": "Miracle money can help make your season", "zvGsP31nAd8-00298-00084516-00084755": "jolly", "zvGsP31nAd8-00299-00084756-00084947": "why all the excitement because with", "zvGsP31nAd8-00300-00084948-00085132": "uncaller Miracle money you can get ten", "zvGsP31nAd8-00301-00085133-00085361": "dollars in free groceries and seven UPS", "zvGsP31nAd8-00302-00085362-00085553": "ET to see the new Miracle on 34th Street", "zvGsP31nAd8-00303-00085554-00085853": "movie then stop by at 7Up display for", "zvGsP31nAd8-00304-00085854-00086044": "miracle money details and have a happy", "zvGsP31nAd8-00305-00086045-00086226": "holidays", "zvGsP31nAd8-00306-00086227-00086500": "making a Happy Meal with bottled and", "zvGsP31nAd8-00307-00086501-00086725": "Friends", "zvGsP31nAd8-00308-00086726-00087348": "hot fries", "zvGsP31nAd8-00309-00087349-00087719": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00310-00087720-00087887": "it's McDonald's Happy Birthday Happy", "zvGsP31nAd8-00311-00087888-00088021": "Meal", "zvGsP31nAd8-00312-00088022-00088288": "let's decorate now you can celebrate", "zvGsP31nAd8-00313-00088289-00088529": "with 15 of your favorite characters one", "zvGsP31nAd8-00314-00088530-00088715": "with each Happy Meal you buy they", "zvGsP31nAd8-00315-00088716-00088967": "connect to make a birthday train ready", "zvGsP31nAd8-00316-00088968-00090703": "to party guys", "zvGsP31nAd8-00317-00090704-00091162": "and have a Happy Meal okay", "zvGsP31nAd8-00318-00091163-00091426": "granted the toy soldiers holiday wishes", "zvGsP31nAd8-00319-00091427-00091649": "happy meals for everybody right now at", "zvGsP31nAd8-00320-00091650-00091823": "McDonald's you can adopt four adorable", "zvGsP31nAd8-00321-00091824-00092009": "posable Cabbage Patch Kids one with", "zvGsP31nAd8-00322-00092010-00092165": "every Cabbage Patch talk a Happy Meal", "zvGsP31nAd8-00323-00092166-00092362": "you buy", "zvGsP31nAd8-00324-00092363-00092550": "I would rise", "zvGsP31nAd8-00325-00092551-00092837": "the day you took his first step is that", "zvGsP31nAd8-00326-00092838-00093053": "they only never forget he made the", "zvGsP31nAd8-00327-00093054-00093221": "beginning of a whole new world for him", "zvGsP31nAd8-00328-00093222-00093479": "and the start of new wonders and worries", "zvGsP31nAd8-00329-00093480-00093694": "for me I used to watch you and protect", "zvGsP31nAd8-00330-00093695-00093862": "them more and with all these new", "zvGsP31nAd8-00331-00093863-00094061": "activities even his diaper couldn't keep", "zvGsP31nAd8-00332-00094062-00094318": "up that's why I'm so grateful for these", "zvGsP31nAd8-00333-00094319-00094535": "blue Pampers stretch you see these", "zvGsP31nAd8-00334-00094536-00094744": "pamper stretch is the first Cipher with", "zvGsP31nAd8-00335-00094745-00094991": "stretch his eyes it actually scratch and", "zvGsP31nAd8-00336-00094992-00095249": "move with every move he made so it seems", "zvGsP31nAd8-00337-00095250-00095417": "like no diaper ever to help prevent", "zvGsP31nAd8-00338-00095418-00095723": "caffeine", "zvGsP31nAd8-00339-00095724-00095839": "foreign", "zvGsP31nAd8-00340-00095840-00097015": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00341-00097016-00097249": "what's the real fun of cookie making", "zvGsP31nAd8-00342-00097250-00097493": "decorating so Reef to the fun part", "zvGsP31nAd8-00343-00097494-00097762": "faster with Pillsbury roll it out cut it", "zvGsP31nAd8-00344-00097763-00097979": "out then have some holiday fun with", "zvGsP31nAd8-00345-00097980-00098182": "Pillsbury sugar cookie dough the fast", "zvGsP31nAd8-00346-00098183-00098286": "way to a big finish", "zvGsP31nAd8-00347-00098287-00098575": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00348-00098576-00098862": "will the holiday bring a bundle of joy", "zvGsP31nAd8-00349-00098863-00099179": "of boys are back Christmas special what", "zvGsP31nAd8-00350-00099180-00099293": "happened to you being my wife and", "zvGsP31nAd8-00351-00099294-00099505": "supporting it's me Fred get real", "zvGsP31nAd8-00352-00099506-00099815": "Saturday mornings are toontastic this", "zvGsP31nAd8-00353-00099816-00100018": "watch but relaxing and Eagle around", "zvGsP31nAd8-00354-00100019-00100282": "every corner The Adventures of Disney's", "zvGsP31nAd8-00355-00100283-00100624": "Little Mermaid Saturday on CBS if you", "zvGsP31nAd8-00356-00100625-00100768": "have a friend or loved one who's winning", "zvGsP31nAd8-00357-00100769-00100937": "the battle against alcohol or drug", "zvGsP31nAd8-00358-00100938-00101141": "addiction give them a gift of your", "zvGsP31nAd8-00359-00101142-00101344": "support you'll receive so much in return", "zvGsP31nAd8-00360-00101345-00101687": "happy holidays", "zvGsP31nAd8-00361-00101688-00101921": "7Up wants to make you a Believer you can", "zvGsP31nAd8-00362-00101922-00102082": "get ten dollars in free groceries and", "zvGsP31nAd8-00363-00102083-00102232": "seven up for your family with uncola", "zvGsP31nAd8-00364-00102233-00102436": "Miracle money it's true just see the new", "zvGsP31nAd8-00365-00102438-00102677": "Miracle on 34th Street movie then stop", "zvGsP31nAd8-00366-00102678-00102868": "by at 7Up display for details on how", "zvGsP31nAd8-00367-00102869-00103018": "Miracle money can help make your season", "zvGsP31nAd8-00368-00103019-00103206": "jolly", "zvGsP31nAd8-00369-00103207-00103456": "why all the excitement because with", "zvGsP31nAd8-00370-00103457-00103636": "uncalled Miracle money you can get ten", "zvGsP31nAd8-00371-00103638-00103792": "dollars in free groceries and seven up", "zvGsP31nAd8-00372-00103793-00104056": "just see the new Miracle on 34th Street", "zvGsP31nAd8-00373-00104057-00104363": "movie then stop by at 7Up display for", "zvGsP31nAd8-00374-00104364-00104554": "miracle money details and have a happy", "zvGsP31nAd8-00375-00104555-00104801": "holiday", "zvGsP31nAd8-00376-00104802-00105953": "foreign", "zvGsP31nAd8-00377-00105954-00106902": "[Music]", "zvGsP31nAd8-00378-00106903-00107116": "that makes Pillsbury chocolate chip", "zvGsP31nAd8-00379-00107117-00107284": "cookies more chocolatey tasting than", "zvGsP31nAd8-00380-00107285-00107716": "ever I gotta hand it to you", "zvGsP31nAd8-00381-00107717-00107927": "Friday night the Stars risk it all", "zvGsP31nAd8-00382-00107928-00108245": "Justified Pizza bearings Kill Bills", "zvGsP31nAd8-00383-00108246-00108484": "Thrills join Leslie Nielsen circus of", "zvGsP31nAd8-00384-00108485-00108660": "the stars going to Disneyland Friday", "zvGsP31nAd8-00385-00108661-00108928": "nothing in her years of training ever", "zvGsP31nAd8-00386-00108929-00109127": "prepared her for this I want to know", "zvGsP31nAd8-00387-00109128-00109360": "about girls if you're at that age what", "zvGsP31nAd8-00388-00109361-00109639": "age Dr Quinn Medicine Woman Saturday", "zvGsP31nAd8-00389-00109640-00109960": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "zw1xCbPPdk4", "text": {"zw1xCbPPdk4-00000-00000056-00000308": "electric aircraft corporation is an", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00001-00000309-00000524": "American aircraft manufacturer that was", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00002-00000525-00000767": "founded by Randall Fishman a retired New", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00003-00000768-00001054": "Jersey jeweler the company is based in", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00004-00001055-00001247": "Cliffside Park New Jersey and", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00005-00001248-00001406": "specializes in the design and", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00006-00001407-00001607": "manufacture of electric aircraft under", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00007-00001607-00001784": "the electrifly a brand name the", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00008-00001785-00001948": "company's first product was the", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00009-00001950-00002159": "electrifly a trike an ultralight trike", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00010-00002160-00002368": "powered by an in-house designed electric", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00011-00002369-00002663": "motor and battery pack the company then", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00012-00002664-00002897": "started selling powertrain components to", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00013-00002898-00003071": "convert existing ultra lights to", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00014-00003072-00003374": "electric power the single-seat Electra", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00015-00003375-00003608": "flyer C followed using the same 18", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00016-00003609-00003856": "horsepower 13 kilowatts electric motor", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00017-00003857-00004081": "and a converted mana mone motor glider", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00018-00004082-00004391": "airframe in 2008 Fishman won the August", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00019-00004392-00004606": "Rast bit Memorial Award for his electric", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00020-00004607-00004927": "aircraft work the award recognizes the", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00021-00004928-00005120": "person who has made an outstanding", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00022-00005121-00005413": "contribution to the advancement of light", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00023-00005414-00005774": "aircraft design each year the company", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00024-00005775-00005954": "next developed a new design that was", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00025-00005955-00006163": "intended for production an all composite", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00026-00006164-00006397": "electric aircraft the Electra flyer X", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00027-00006398-00006788": "that was introduced in 2009 the Electra", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00028-00006789-00007048": "flyer X did not however enter production", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00029-00007050-00007246": "the great recession caused development", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00030-00007247-00007520": "of the company products to be delayed in", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00031-00007520-00007856": "2011 Fishman said the recession has made", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00032-00007856-00008087": "this not a great business right now I", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00033-00008088-00008333": "have done ok because I have kept it", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00034-00008334-00008591": "small selling a few complete trikes and", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00035-00008592-00008810": "many propulsion kits meters and", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00036-00008811-00009020": "electronic controllers for people to", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00037-00009021-00009244": "modify their own ultralights", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00038-00009245-00009499": "the company developed an electric", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00039-00009500-00009680": "powered version of the air sport song", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00040-00009681-00009871": "called the electric aircraft corporation", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00041-00009872-00010156": "electrifly ul s which was introduced in", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00042-00010157-00010433": "2012 the company also sells the Electra", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00043-00010434-00010703": "1a 14 kilowatts 19 horsepower electric", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00044-00010704-00011128": "motor for ultralight trikes equals", "zw1xCbPPdk4-00045-00011129-00011429": "equals aircraft"}}, {"audio_id": "zw6mE-9fGag", "text": {"zw6mE-9fGag-00000-00000128-00000342": "hey ann", "zw6mE-9fGag-00001-00000343-00000511": "i'm gonna go take credit for everything", "zw6mE-9fGag-00002-00000512-00000867": "you just did", "zw6mE-9fGag-00003-00000868-00002042": "[Music]", "zw6mE-9fGag-00004-00002043-00002581": "[Music]", "zw6mE-9fGag-00005-00002582-00004283": "[Music]", "zw6mE-9fGag-00006-00004284-00004551": "hey i'm gonna go take credit for", "zw6mE-9fGag-00007-00004552-00004727": "everything you just did", "zw6mE-9fGag-00008-00004728-00004951": "i'm used to it", "zw6mE-9fGag-00009-00004952-00005335": "yeah you got your camera upside down", "zw6mE-9fGag-00010-00005336-00005583": "it doesn't matter it's not upside down", "zw6mE-9fGag-00011-00005584-00005847": "this is the correct size looks like the", "zw6mE-9fGag-00012-00005848-00006006": "writing's upside down", "zw6mE-9fGag-00013-00006007-00006238": "this is upside down but it'll flip you", "zw6mE-9fGag-00014-00006239-00006351": "over anyway", "zw6mE-9fGag-00015-00006352-00006534": "that looks correct though", "zw6mE-9fGag-00016-00006536-00006855": "no whatever", "zw6mE-9fGag-00017-00006856-00007391": "it's backwards", "zw6mE-9fGag-00018-00007392-00008446": "so we have been very very busy out here", "zw6mE-9fGag-00019-00008447-00008767": "all the uh five gallon buckets have been", "zw6mE-9fGag-00020-00008768-00009246": "taken away", "zw6mE-9fGag-00021-00009247-00009431": "part of the lavender plant that died", "zw6mE-9fGag-00022-00009432-00009646": "over here has been chopped up and burned", "zw6mE-9fGag-00023-00009647-00009799": "because i wanted to spend lavender i", "zw6mE-9fGag-00024-00009800-00010119": "didn't dig it up um", "zw6mE-9fGag-00025-00010120-00010351": "part of me hopes that", "zw6mE-9fGag-00026-00010352-00010519": "that something might grow out of it", "zw6mE-9fGag-00027-00010520-00010751": "anyway", "zw6mE-9fGag-00028-00010752-00010951": "still got all this uh", "zw6mE-9fGag-00029-00010952-00011231": "this is uh", "zw6mE-9fGag-00030-00011232-00011446": "i think just regular peppermint not", "zw6mE-9fGag-00031-00011447-00011927": "spearmint", "zw6mE-9fGag-00032-00011928-00012135": "um there's nothing left of the geraniums", "zw6mE-9fGag-00033-00012136-00012263": "in there in fact looks like the", "zw6mE-9fGag-00034-00012264-00012478": "peppermint kind of got into the geranium", "zw6mE-9fGag-00035-00012479-00012719": "hole", "zw6mE-9fGag-00036-00012720-00013007": "the rosemary's doing great um some has", "zw6mE-9fGag-00037-00013008-00013238": "been pooled some is regrowing where", "zw6mE-9fGag-00038-00013240-00013383": "that's been pulled", "zw6mE-9fGag-00039-00013384-00013822": "you can see i cut one of the woodier uh", "zw6mE-9fGag-00040-00013823-00014111": "shrubby areas out of it and it's already", "zw6mE-9fGag-00041-00014112-00014391": "starting to grow itself again", "zw6mE-9fGag-00042-00014391-00014615": "the peppermint is growing all out here", "zw6mE-9fGag-00043-00014616-00014822": "which you know i don't mind that because", "zw6mE-9fGag-00044-00014823-00015007": "part of this was gonna end up being an", "zw6mE-9fGag-00045-00015008-00015191": "earthbed anyway", "zw6mE-9fGag-00046-00015191-00015399": "but it's still in the walkway i have", "zw6mE-9fGag-00047-00015400-00015615": "stepped on it and complained about it", "zw6mE-9fGag-00048-00015616-00016286": "and it didn't care", "zw6mE-9fGag-00049-00016287-00016503": "i've still got a little bit of weeding", "zw6mE-9fGag-00050-00016504-00016711": "to do", "zw6mE-9fGag-00051-00016712-00016911": "so look at this i put another pallet", "zw6mE-9fGag-00052-00016912-00017127": "here because i was going to", "zw6mE-9fGag-00053-00017128-00017279": "um", "zw6mE-9fGag-00054-00017280-00017527": "fill it with dirt and use the bottom as", "zw6mE-9fGag-00055-00017528-00017622": "my", "zw6mE-9fGag-00056-00017623-00017894": "composting area from the previous year", "zw6mE-9fGag-00057-00017895-00018119": "and eventually this will be a uh", "zw6mE-9fGag-00058-00018120-00018335": "a bed of its own maybe with cinder block", "zw6mE-9fGag-00059-00018336-00018486": "around it", "zw6mE-9fGag-00060-00018487-00018703": "but check this out", "zw6mE-9fGag-00061-00018704-00018950": "the mint's growing", "zw6mE-9fGag-00062-00018951-00019111": "up", "zw6mE-9fGag-00063-00019112-00019303": "this wasn't even a mint bed the mint is", "zw6mE-9fGag-00064-00019304-00019935": "coming from this side", "zw6mE-9fGag-00065-00019936-00020263": "and this is what i wanted to show", "zw6mE-9fGag-00066-00020264-00020543": "i had chopped a", "zw6mE-9fGag-00067-00020544-00020799": "what do you call that a", "zw6mE-9fGag-00068-00020800-00020935": "twist chard", "zw6mE-9fGag-00069-00020936-00021103": "i chopped it", "zw6mE-9fGag-00070-00021104-00021263": "chopped it all the way down i mean", "zw6mE-9fGag-00071-00021264-00021414": "almost to the root", "zw6mE-9fGag-00072-00021415-00021622": "and i left it for dead thinking it would", "zw6mE-9fGag-00073-00021623-00021735": "rot", "zw6mE-9fGag-00074-00021736-00021919": "like that one did", "zw6mE-9fGag-00075-00021920-00022199": "it's growing a baby", "zw6mE-9fGag-00076-00022200-00022871": "it's a baby child", "zw6mE-9fGag-00077-00022872-00023094": "all that regular time is doing good the", "zw6mE-9fGag-00078-00023095-00023319": "lemon time on the other side is kind of", "zw6mE-9fGag-00079-00023320-00023430": "yeah", "zw6mE-9fGag-00080-00023431-00023567": "but look at this", "zw6mE-9fGag-00081-00023568-00023791": "do you remember the cilantro", "zw6mE-9fGag-00082-00023792-00023983": "that decided it", "zw6mE-9fGag-00083-00023984-00024303": "i don't know the seeds kind of fell over", "zw6mE-9fGag-00084-00024304-00024550": "this is what's happened to it", "zw6mE-9fGag-00085-00024551-00024735": "i'm i'm probably still going to pull it", "zw6mE-9fGag-00086-00024736-00025718": "and use it somewhere i don't know", "zw6mE-9fGag-00087-00025719-00026031": "it's also growing in this bed", "zw6mE-9fGag-00088-00026032-00026287": "that i was going to put more peas", "zw6mE-9fGag-00089-00026288-00026631": "in", "zw6mE-9fGag-00090-00026632-00027135": "don't see that that's a prague eyeball", "zw6mE-9fGag-00091-00027136-00027374": "how did this frog eyeball get way over", "zw6mE-9fGag-00092-00027375-00027870": "here", "zw6mE-9fGag-00093-00027872-00028151": "this frog has one eyeball now", "zw6mE-9fGag-00094-00028152-00028358": "it's my fault actually because i was", "zw6mE-9fGag-00095-00028360-00028502": "moving", "zw6mE-9fGag-00096-00028504-00028783": "this pallet and i stood it up", "zw6mE-9fGag-00097-00028783-00029031": "and the wind blew", "zw6mE-9fGag-00098-00029032-00029502": "and it's a frog", "zw6mE-9fGag-00099-00029504-00029870": "and lastly", "zw6mE-9fGag-00100-00029872-00030023": "my muscle", "zw6mE-9fGag-00101-00030024-00030367": "has moved these eight pallets over", "zw6mE-9fGag-00102-00030368-00030823": "on top of the cardboard that's laid out", "zw6mE-9fGag-00103-00030824-00031318": "so that we can start these beds although", "zw6mE-9fGag-00104-00031319-00031470": "it's going to take a little bit of dirt", "zw6mE-9fGag-00105-00031472-00031687": "and lay down really nice and smooth and", "zw6mE-9fGag-00106-00031688-00031902": "nothing will move in under it that's my", "zw6mE-9fGag-00107-00031903-00032070": "goal anyway", "zw6mE-9fGag-00108-00032072-00032190": "some of the pallets look like they're", "zw6mE-9fGag-00109-00032191-00032567": "kind of sitting on each other but", "zw6mE-9fGag-00110-00032568-00032916": "we make you"}}, {"audio_id": "zw9gIjk8XGg", "text": {"zw9gIjk8XGg-00000-00000043-00000359": "animal rights as the idea in which some", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00001-00000360-00000659": "or all non-human animals are entitled to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00002-00000660-00000872": "the possession of their own existence", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00003-00000873-00001172": "and that their most basic interests such", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00004-00001173-00001357": "as the need to avoid the suffering", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00005-00001358-00001549": "should be afforded the same", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00006-00001550-00001826": "consideration as similar interests of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00007-00001827-00002096": "human beings its advocates opposed the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00008-00002097-00002297": "assignment of moral value and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00009-00002298-00002551": "fundamental protections on the basis of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00010-00002552-00002893": "species membership alone an idea known", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00011-00002894-00003254": "since 1970 as speciesism when the term", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00012-00003254-00003595": "was coined by richard d ryder arguing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00013-00003596-00003833": "that it is a prejudice as irrational as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00014-00003834-00004156": "any other they maintained that animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00015-00004157-00004400": "should no longer be viewed as property", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00016-00004401-00004661": "or used as food clothing research", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00017-00004662-00004943": "subjects entertainment or beasts of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00018-00004944-00005276": "burden multiple cultural traditions", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00019-00005277-00005579": "around the world such as Jainism Taoism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00020-00005580-00005893": "Hinduism Buddhism and animism also", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00021-00005894-00006247": "espoused some forms of animal rights in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00022-00006248-00006511": "parallel to the debate about moral", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00023-00006512-00006788": "rights animal law is now widely taught", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00024-00006789-00007034": "in law schools in North America and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00025-00007034-00007319": "several prominent legal scholars support", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00026-00007320-00007577": "the extension of basic legal rights and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00027-00007578-00007924": "personhood to at least some animals the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00028-00007925-00008153": "animals most often considered in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00029-00008154-00008402": "arguments for personhood are bonobos and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00030-00008403-00008756": "chimpanzees this is supported by some", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00031-00008757-00009035": "animal rights academics because it would", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00032-00009036-00009263": "break through the species barrier but", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00033-00009264-00009496": "opposed by others because it predicates", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00034-00009497-00009781": "moral value on mental complexity rather", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00035-00009782-00009967": "than on sentient alone", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00036-00009968-00010192": "critics of animal rights argue that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00037-00010193-00010448": "non-human animals are unable to enter", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00038-00010449-00010712": "into a social contract and thus cannot", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00039-00010713-00010973": "be possessors of rights a view summed up", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00040-00010974-00011210": "by the philosopher Roger Scruton", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00041-00011211-00011459": "who writes that only humans have duties", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00042-00011460-00011745": "and therefore only humans have rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00043-00011746-00012059": "another argument associated with the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00044-00012060-00012331": "utilitarian tradition is that animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00045-00012332-00012602": "may be used as resources so long as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00046-00012603-00012860": "there is no unnecessary suffering they", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00047-00012861-00013079": "may have some moral standing but they", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00048-00013080-00013358": "are inferior in status to human being", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00049-00013359-00013550": "and any interests they have may be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00050-00013551-00013783": "overridden though what counts as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00051-00013784-00014122": "necessary suffering or a legitimate", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00052-00014123-00014341": "sacrifice of interests varies", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00053-00014343-00014660": "considerably certain forms of animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00054-00014661-00014921": "rights activism such as the destruction", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00055-00014922-00015215": "of fur farms and animal laboratories by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00056-00015216-00015469": "the Animal Liberation Front have also", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00057-00015470-00015707": "attracted criticism including from", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00058-00015708-00015941": "within the animal rights movement itself", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00059-00015941-00016238": "as well as prompted reaction from the US", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00060-00016238-00016447": "Congress with the enactment of laws", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00061-00016448-00016658": "allowing these activities to be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00062-00016659-00016922": "prosecuted as terrorism including the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00063-00016923-00017683": "animal Enterprise Terrorism Act", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00064-00017684-00018772": "topic historical development in the West", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00065-00018773-00019147": "topic moral status and animals in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00066-00019148-00019599": "ancient world", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00067-00019600-00019864": "Aristotle argued that animals lacked", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00068-00019865-00020149": "reason logos and placed humans at the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00069-00020150-00020416": "top of the natural world yet the respect", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00070-00020417-00020671": "for animals in ancient Greece was very", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00071-00020672-00021025": "high some animals were considered divine", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00072-00021026-00021292": "eg dolphins", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00073-00021293-00021569": "in the book of Genesis chapter 1 verse", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00074-00021570-00022064": "26 5th or 6th century BCE Adam is given", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00075-00022065-00022344": "dominion over the fish of the sea and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00076-00022345-00022608": "over the fowl of the air and over the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00077-00022609-00022878": "cattle and over all the earth and over", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00078-00022879-00023122": "every creeping thing that creepeth upon", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00079-00023123-00023503": "the earth Dominion need not entail", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00080-00023504-00023709": "property rights but it has been", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00081-00023710-00023977": "interpreted by some over the centuries", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00082-00023978-00024211": "to imply ownership contemporary", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00083-00024212-00024471": "philosopher Bernard Rowland writes that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00084-00024472-00024819": "Dominion does not entail or allow abuse", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00085-00024820-00025080": "any more than does Dominion a parent", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00086-00025081-00025483": "enjoys over a child role in further", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00087-00025484-00025670": "states that the biblical Sabbath", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00088-00025672-00025914": "requirement promulgated in the Ten", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00089-00025916-00026224": "Commandments required that animals be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00090-00026225-00026624": "granted a day of rest along with humans", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00091-00026625-00026889": "correlative Lee the Bible forbids", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00092-00026889-00027214": "ploughing with an ox and an ass together", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00093-00027214-00027817": "doy 22 10-11 according to the rabbinical", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00094-00027818-00028105": "tradition this prohibition stems from", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00095-00028106-00028375": "the hardship that an ass would suffer by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00096-00028376-00028618": "being compelled to keep up with an ox", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00097-00028619-00029015": "which is of course far more powerful", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00098-00029016-00029323": "similarly one finds the prohibition", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00099-00029324-00029583": "against muzzling and ox when it treads", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00100-00029584-00029814": "out the grain doy", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00101-00029814-00030283": "25 - 4 - 5 and even an environmental", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00102-00030283-00030543": "prohibition against destroying trees", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00103-00030544-00030718": "when besieging a city", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00104-00030719-00031330": "doy 20 19 - 20 these ancient regulations", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00105-00031331-00031606": "virtually forgotten the speak of an", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00106-00031607-00031849": "eloquent awareness of the status of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00107-00031850-00032181": "animals as ends in themselves", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00108-00032182-00032508": "a point also corroborated by norm Phelps", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00109-00032508-00032738": "the philosopher and mathematician", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00110-00032739-00033390": "Pythagoras C 500 ad C 500 BCE urged", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00111-00033391-00033702": "respect for animals believing that human", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00112-00033703-00033963": "and non-human souls were reincarnated", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00113-00033964-00034262": "from human to animal and vice versa", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00114-00034263-00034892": "against this Aristotle 384 to 322 BCE", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00115-00034893-00035223": "student 2 the philosopher Plato argued", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00116-00035224-00035493": "that non-human animals had no interests", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00117-00035494-00035685": "of their own ranking them far below", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00118-00035686-00036033": "humans in the great chain of being he", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00119-00036034-00036273": "was the first to create a taxonomy of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00120-00036274-00036546": "animals he perceived some similarities", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00121-00036547-00036798": "between humans and other species but", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00122-00036799-00037041": "argued for the most part that animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00123-00037042-00037374": "lacked reason logos reasoning legitimate", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00124-00037375-00037518": "thought Dyan Oya", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00125-00037519-00038112": "news and belief doxa Theophrastus c 371", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00126-00038113-00038634": "c 287 BCE one of Aristotle's pupils", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00127-00038635-00038916": "argued that animals also had reasoning", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00128-00038917-00039168": "legitimacy and opposed eating meat on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00129-00039169-00039366": "the grounds that it robbed them of life", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00130-00039367-00039732": "and was therefore unjust Theophrastus", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00131-00039733-00040014": "did not prevail Richard saw Rab G writes", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00132-00040015-00040275": "that current attitudes to animals can be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00133-00040276-00040467": "traced to the heirs of the Western", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00134-00040468-00040674": "Christian tradition selecting the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00135-00040675-00040911": "hierarchy that Aristotle sought to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00136-00040912-00041283": "preserve Plutarch one CCE in his life of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00137-00041284-00041526": "Cato the Elder comments that while law", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00138-00041527-00041775": "and justice are applicable strictly to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00139-00041776-00042072": "men only beneficence and charity towards", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00140-00042073-00042318": "beasts as characteristic of a gentle", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00141-00042319-00042648": "heart this is intended as a correction", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00142-00042649-00042915": "and advance over the merely utilitarian", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00143-00042916-00043182": "treatment of animals and slaves by Cato", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00144-00043183-00043557": "himself Tom Beauchamp 2011 writes that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00145-00043558-00043815": "the most extensive account in antiquity", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00146-00043816-00044028": "of how animals should be treated was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00147-00044029-00044277": "written by the neoplatonist philosopher", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00148-00044278-00044396": "porphyry", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00149-00044397-00044907": "234 C 305 C II in his on abstinence from", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00150-00044908-00045156": "animal food and on abstinence from", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00151-00045157-00045773": "killing animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00152-00045774-00046175": "topic seventeenth-century animals as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00153-00046176-00046599": "automata", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00154-00046600-00046911": "you", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00155-00046912-00047292": "topic early animal protection laws in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00156-00047293-00047657": "Europe", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00157-00047658-00047951": "according to Richard D Ryder the first", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00158-00047952-00048230": "known animal protection legislation in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00159-00048231-00048689": "Europe was passed in Ireland in 1635 it", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00160-00048690-00048940": "prohibited pulling wool off sheep and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00161-00048941-00049192": "the attaching of plows to horses tails", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00162-00049193-00049577": "referring to the cruelty used to beasts", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00163-00049578-00050020": "in 1641 the first legal code to protect", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00164-00050021-00050311": "domestic animals in North America was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00165-00050312-00050583": "passed by the Massachusetts Bay Colony", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00166-00050584-00050930": "the colonies Constitution was based on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00167-00050931-00051155": "the body of liberties by the Reverend", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00168-00051156-00051655": "Nathaniel Ward 1578 to 1652 an English", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00169-00051657-00051970": "lawyer Puritan clergyman and University", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00170-00051971-00052310": "of Cambridge graduate Ward's list of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00171-00052311-00052804": "Rights included right 90 - no man shall", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00172-00052805-00053141": "exercise any tyranny or cruelty toward", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00173-00053141-00053401": "any brute creature which are usually", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00174-00053402-00053828": "kept for man's use historian roderick", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00175-00053829-00054161": "nash 1989 writes that at the height of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00176-00054162-00054416": "rene descartes influence in europe and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00177-00054416-00054679": "his view that animals were simply", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00178-00054680-00054991": "automata it is significant that the New", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00179-00054992-00055229": "Englanders created a law that implied", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00180-00055229-00055523": "animals were not unfeeling machines the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00181-00055524-00055743": "Puritans passed animal protection", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00182-00055744-00056135": "legislation in England to Kathleen keep", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00183-00056136-00056378": "rights that animal welfare laws were", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00184-00056379-00056755": "passed in 1654 as part of the ordinances", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00185-00056757-00057041": "of the protectorate the government under", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00186-00057041-00057556": "Oliver Cromwell 1599 - 1658 which lasted", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00187-00057557-00057979": "from 1650 three to 1659 following the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00188-00057980-00058153": "English Civil War", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00189-00058154-00058463": "Cromwell disliked blood sports which", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00190-00058464-00058763": "included fighting throwing dog", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00191-00058764-00059003": "fighting bull baiting and bull running", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00192-00059004-00059338": "said to tenderize the meat these could", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00193-00059339-00059597": "be seen in villages and fairgrounds and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00194-00059598-00059815": "became associated with idleness", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00195-00059816-00060175": "drunkenness and gambling keep writes", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00196-00060176-00060382": "that the Puritans interpreted the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00197-00060383-00060662": "biblical dominion of man over animals to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00198-00060663-00060919": "mean responsible stewardship rather than", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00199-00060920-00061038": "ownership", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00200-00061039-00061325": "the opposition to blood sports became", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00201-00061326-00061536": "part of what was seen as Puritan", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00202-00061537-00061788": "interference in people's lives and the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00203-00061789-00062037": "animal protection laws were overturned", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00204-00062038-00062328": "during the restoration when charles ii", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00205-00062329-00063097": "was returned to the throne in 1660", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00206-00063098-00063639": "topic Rene Descartes", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00207-00063640-00063917": "the great influence of the 17th century", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00208-00063919-00064197": "was the French philosopher Rene", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00209-00064198-00064726": "Descartes 1596 to 1650 whose meditations", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00210-00064727-00065066": "1641 informed attitudes about animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00211-00065067-00065412": "well into the 20th century writing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00212-00065413-00065594": "during the Scientific Revolution", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00213-00065595-00065904": "Descartes proposed a mechanistic theory", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00214-00065905-00066144": "of the universe the aim of which was to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00215-00066145-00066336": "show that the world could be mapped out", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00216-00066337-00066525": "without illusion to subjective", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00217-00066526-00066918": "experience his mechanistic approach was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00218-00066919-00067128": "extended to the issue of animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00219-00067129-00067440": "consciousness mind for Descartes was a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00220-00067441-00067692": "thing apart from the physical universe a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00221-00067693-00067968": "separate substance linking human beings", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00222-00067969-00068331": "to the mind of God the nonhuman on the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00223-00068332-00068556": "other hand were for Descartes nothing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00224-00068557-00068886": "but complex automata with no souls Minds", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00225-00068887-00069498": "or reason", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00226-00069499-00069903": "topic treatment of animals as man's duty", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00227-00069904-00070372": "towards himself", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00228-00070373-00070687": "you", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00229-00070688-00071350": "topic John Locke Immanuel Kant", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00230-00071351-00071572": "against Descartes the British", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00231-00071573-00072000": "philosopher John Locke 1632 to 1704", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00232-00072001-00072268": "argued in some thoughts concerning", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00233-00072269-00072661": "education 1693 that animals did have", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00234-00072662-00072900": "feelings and that unnecessary cruelty", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00235-00072901-00073165": "toward them was morally wrong but that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00236-00073166-00073362": "the right not to be harmed adhered", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00237-00073363-00073587": "either to the animals owner or to the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00238-00073588-00073812": "human being who was being damaged by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00239-00073813-00074175": "being cruel discussing the importance of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00240-00074176-00074394": "preventing children from tormenting", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00241-00074395-00074676": "animals he wrote for the custom of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00242-00074677-00074959": "tormenting and killing of beasts will by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00243-00074960-00075262": "degrees harden their minds even towards", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00244-00075263-00075409": "men", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00245-00075410-00075661": "Locke's position echoed that of Thomas", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00246-00075662-00076216": "Aquinas 12 25 to 12 74 Paul wolde al", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00247-00076217-00076462": "writes that the argument can be found at", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00248-00076463-00076840": "first Corinthians 9 - 9 - 10 when paul", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00249-00076841-00077146": "asks is it for oxen that God is", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00250-00077147-00077245": "concerned", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00251-00077246-00077551": "does he not speak entirely for our sake", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00252-00077552-00077935": "it was written for our sake Christian", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00253-00077936-00078154": "philosophers interpreted this to mean", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00254-00078155-00078427": "that humans had no direct duty to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00255-00078428-00078721": "non-human animals but had a duty only to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00256-00078722-00078889": "protect them from the effects of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00257-00078890-00079117": "engaging in cruelty the German", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00258-00079118-00079597": "philosopher Immanuel Kant 1724 - 1804", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00259-00079598-00079906": "following Aquinas opposed the idea that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00260-00079907-00080140": "humans have direct duties toward", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00261-00080141-00080533": "nonhumans for Kant cruelty to animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00262-00080534-00080752": "was wrong only because it was bad for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00263-00080753-00081286": "humankind he argued in 1785 that cruelty", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00264-00081287-00081577": "to animals as contrary to man's duty to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00265-00081578-00081808": "himself because it deadens in him the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00266-00081809-00082030": "feeling of sympathy for their sufferings", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00267-00082031-00082309": "and thus a natural tendency that is very", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00268-00082310-00082579": "useful to morality in relation to other", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00269-00082580-00083260": "human beings as weakened", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00270-00083261-00083659": "topic eighteenth-century centrality of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00271-00083660-00084400": "sentience", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00272-00084401-00085120": "topic jean-jacques rousseau jean-jacques", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00273-00085121-00085588": "rousseau 1712 to 1778 argued in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00274-00085589-00085978": "discourse on inequality 1754 for the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00275-00085979-00086248": "inclusion of animals in natural law on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00276-00086249-00086533": "the grounds of sentient by this method", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00277-00086534-00086790": "also we put an end to the time-honored", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00278-00086791-00087136": "disputes concerning the participation of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00279-00087137-00087451": "animals in natural law for it is clear", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00280-00087452-00087733": "that being destitute of intelligence and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00281-00087734-00088024": "liberty they cannot recognize that law", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00282-00088025-00088342": "as they partake however in some measure", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00283-00088343-00088632": "of our nature in consequence of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00284-00088633-00088882": "sensibility with which they are endowed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00285-00088883-00089152": "they ought to partake of natural right", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00286-00089153-00089455": "so that mankind is subjected to a kind", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00287-00089456-00089839": "of obligation even toward the Brutes it", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00288-00089840-00090181": "appears in fact that if I am bound to do", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00289-00090182-00090493": "no injury to my fellow creatures this is", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00290-00090494-00090715": "less because they are rational than", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00291-00090716-00090949": "because they are sentient beings and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00292-00090950-00091246": "this quality being common both to men", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00293-00091247-00091507": "and beasts ought to entitle the latter", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00294-00091508-00091759": "at least to the privilege of not being", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00295-00091760-00092073": "wanton Lee ill treated by the former in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00296-00092074-00092446": "his treatise on education a meal or on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00297-00092447-00092884": "education 1762 he encouraged parents to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00298-00092885-00093037": "raise their children on a vegetarian", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00299-00093038-00093415": "diet he believed that the food of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00300-00093416-00093676": "culture a child was raised eating played", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00301-00093677-00093904": "an important role in the character and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00302-00093905-00094129": "disposition they would develop as adults", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00303-00094130-00094501": "for however one tries to explain the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00304-00094502-00094735": "practice it is certain that great meat", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00305-00094736-00094939": "eaters are usually more cruel and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00306-00094940-00095284": "ferocious than other men this has been", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00307-00095285-00095518": "recognized at all times and in all", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00308-00095519-00095797": "places the English are noted for their", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00309-00095798-00095875": "cruelty", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00310-00095876-00096085": "while the Gower's are the gentlest of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00311-00096086-00096178": "men", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00312-00096179-00096475": "all savages are cruel and it is not", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00313-00096476-00096658": "their customs that tend in this", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00314-00096659-00096742": "direction", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00315-00096743-00096937": "their cruelty is the result of their", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00316-00096938-00097144": "food", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00317-00097145-00097459": "you", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00318-00097460-00098140": "topic jeremy bentham four years later", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00319-00098141-00098352": "one of the founders of modern", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00320-00098353-00098638": "utilitarianism the English philosopher", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00321-00098639-00099088": "Jeremy Bentham 1748 to 1832", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00322-00099089-00099304": "although opposed to the concept of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00323-00099305-00099538": "natural rights argued that it was the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00324-00099539-00099751": "ability to suffer that should be the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00325-00099752-00100026": "benchmark of how we treat other beings", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00326-00100027-00100321": "Bentham claims that the capacity for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00327-00100322-00100516": "suffering gives the right to equal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00328-00100517-00100792": "consideration equal consideration is", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00329-00100793-00101023": "that the interest of any being affected", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00330-00101024-00101248": "by an action are to be considered and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00331-00101249-00101443": "have the equal interest of any other", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00332-00101444-00101497": "being", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00333-00101498-00101860": "if rationality were the criterion he", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00334-00101861-00102157": "argued many humans including infants and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00335-00102158-00102364": "the disabled would also have to be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00336-00102365-00102655": "treated as though they were things he", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00337-00102656-00102858": "did not conclude that humans and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00338-00102859-00103072": "nonhumans had equal moral significance", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00339-00103073-00103351": "but argued that the latter's interest", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00340-00103352-00103692": "should be taken into account he wrote in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00341-00103693-00104065": "1789 just as African slaves were being", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00342-00104066-00104401": "freed by the French the French have", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00343-00104402-00104626": "already discovered that the blackness of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00344-00104627-00104857": "the skin has no reason a human being", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00345-00104858-00105082": "should be abandoned without redress to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00346-00105083-00105408": "the Caprice of a tormentor it may one", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00347-00105409-00105631": "day come to be recognized that the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00348-00105632-00105880": "number of the legs the velocity of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00349-00105881-00106183": "skin or the termination of the OS sacrum", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00350-00106183-00106423": "are reasons equally insufficient for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00351-00106424-00106666": "abandoning a sensitive being to the same", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00352-00106667-00106966": "fate what else is it that should trace", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00353-00106967-00107272": "the insuperable line is it the Faculty", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00354-00107273-00107511": "of reason or perhaps the Faculty of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00355-00107513-00107878": "discourse but a full-grown horse or dog", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00356-00107879-00108175": "is beyond comparison a more rational as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00357-00108176-00108430": "well as a more conversable animal than", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00358-00108431-00108688": "an infant of a day or a week or even a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00359-00108689-00109021": "month old but suppose the case were", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00360-00109022-00109264": "otherwise what would it avail the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00361-00109265-00109522": "question is not can they reason nor can", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00362-00109523-00110208": "they talk but can they suffer", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00363-00110209-00110599": "topic nineteenth-century emergence of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00364-00110600-00111063": "Jew Animalia", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00365-00111064-00111396": "the 19th century saw an explosion of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00366-00111397-00111588": "interest in animal protection", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00367-00111589-00111800": "particularly in England", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00368-00111801-00112119": "Debbi leg and Simon broom in right that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00369-00112120-00112371": "the educated classes became concerned", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00370-00112372-00112644": "about attitudes toward the old the needy", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00371-00112645-00112914": "children and the insane and that this", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00372-00112915-00113298": "concern was extended to nonhumans before", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00373-00113299-00113526": "the 19th century there had been", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00374-00113527-00113757": "prosecutions for poor treatment of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00375-00113758-00113984": "animals but only because of the damage", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00376-00113985-00114438": "to the animal as property in 1793", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00377-00114439-00114728": "for example John Cornish was found not", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00378-00114729-00114986": "guilty of maiming a horse after pulling", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00379-00114988-00115215": "the animal's tongue out the judge ruled", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00380-00115216-00115443": "that Cornish could be found guilty only", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00381-00115444-00115685": "if there was evidence of malice toward", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00382-00115686-00115983": "the owner from 1800 onwards there were", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00383-00115983-00116232": "several attempts in England to introduce", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00384-00116233-00116585": "animal protection legislation the first", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00385-00116586-00116778": "was a bill against bull baiting", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00386-00116779-00117213": "introduced in April 1800", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00387-00117214-00117768": "so William Pulteney 1729 to 1805 it was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00388-00117769-00118026": "opposed inter alia on the grounds that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00389-00118027-00118245": "it was anti working class and was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00390-00118246-00118614": "defeated by two votes another attempt", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00391-00118615-00118958": "was made in 1802 this time opposed by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00392-00118959-00119366": "the Secretary of War William Windom 1750", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00393-00119367-00119678": "to 1810 who said the bill was supported", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00394-00119679-00119959": "by Methodists and Jacobins who wished to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00395-00119960-00120290": "destroy the Old English character by the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00396-00120291-00120652": "abolition of all rural sports", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00397-00120653-00121233": "in 1809 Lord Erskine 17:52 1823", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00398-00121234-00121507": "introduced a bill to protect cattle and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00399-00121508-00121758": "horses from malicious wounding wanton", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00400-00121759-00122122": "cruelty and beating he told the House of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00401-00122123-00122368": "Lords that animals had protection only", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00402-00122369-00122692": "as property the animals themselves are", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00403-00122693-00122958": "without protection the law regards them", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00404-00122959-00123330": "not substantively they have no rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00405-00123331-00123595": "Erskine in his parliamentary speech", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00406-00123596-00123877": "combined the vocabulary of animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00407-00123878-00124114": "and trusteeship with a theological", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00408-00124115-00124363": "appeal included in the bill's preamble", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00409-00124364-00124708": "to opposing Cruelty the bill was passed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00410-00124708-00124957": "by the Lord but was opposed in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00411-00124958-00125197": "Commons by Wyndham who said it would be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00412-00125198-00125563": "used against the lower orders when the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00413-00125564-00126231": "real culprits would be their employers", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00414-00126232-00126755": "topic Martin's Act", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00415-00126756-00127166": "in 1821 the treatment of horses bill was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00416-00127167-00127468": "introduced by Colonel Richard Martin", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00417-00127469-00127960": "1754 to 1834 MP for Galway in Ireland", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00418-00127961-00128192": "but it was lost among laughter in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00419-00128193-00128405": "House of Commons that the next thing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00420-00128406-00128770": "would be rights for asses dogs and cats", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00421-00128771-00129200": "nicknamed humanity dick by George the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00422-00129201-00129539": "4th Martin finally succeeded in 1822", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00423-00129540-00129875": "with his ill-treatment of horses and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00424-00129876-00130400": "cattle bill or Martin's act as it became", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00425-00130401-00130715": "known which was the world's first major", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00426-00130716-00130939": "piece of animal protection legislation", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00427-00130940-00131405": "it was given Royal Assent on June 22nd", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00428-00131406-00131642": "that year as an act to prevent the cruel", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00429-00131643-00131876": "and improper treatment of cattle and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00430-00131877-00132125": "made it an offense punishable by fines", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00431-00132126-00132359": "up to five pounds or two months", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00432-00132360-00132755": "imprisonment to beat abuse or ill treat", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00433-00132756-00133229": "any horse mayor gelding mule ass ox cow", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00434-00133230-00133724": "heifer steer sheep or other cattle", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00435-00133725-00133979": "Legg and broom n' argue that the success", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00436-00133980-00134233": "of the bill lay in the personality of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00437-00134234-00134582": "humanity dick who was able to shrug off", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00438-00134583-00134783": "the ridicule from the House of Commons", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00439-00134784-00135035": "and whose sense of humor managed to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00440-00135036-00135341": "capture the houses attention it was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00441-00135342-00135545": "Martin himself who brought the first", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00442-00135546-00135812": "prosecution under the Act when he had", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00443-00135813-00136142": "bill burns a costermonger a street", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00444-00136143-00136442": "seller of fruit arrested for beating a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00445-00136443-00136706": "donkey and paraded the animals injuries", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00446-00136707-00136969": "before a reportedly astonished Court", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00447-00136970-00137339": "Burns was fined and newspapers and music", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00448-00137340-00137558": "halls were full of jokes about how", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00449-00137559-00137813": "Martin had relied on the testimony of a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00450-00137814-00138086": "donkey other countries followed suit in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00451-00138087-00138365": "passing legislation or making decisions", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00452-00138366-00138833": "that favored animals in 1822 the courts", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00453-00138834-00139103": "in New York ruled that wanton cruelty to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00454-00139104-00139340": "animals was a misdemeanor at common law", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00455-00139341-00139769": "in France in 1850 Jacques Philippe", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00456-00139770-00140006": "Delmas de Grammont succeeded in having", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00457-00140007-00140270": "the LOI Grammont passed outlawing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00458-00140271-00140534": "cruelty against domestic animals and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00459-00140535-00140744": "leading to years of arguments about", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00460-00140745-00140948": "whether Bulls could be classed as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00461-00140949-00141202": "domestic in order to ban bullfighting", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00462-00141203-00141611": "the state of Washington followed in 1859", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00463-00141612-00142166": "New York in 1866 California in 1868 and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00464-00142167-00142631": "Florida in 1889 in England a series of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00465-00142632-00142882": "amendments extended the reach of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00466-00142883-00143177": "1822 Act which became the Cruelty to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00467-00143178-00143561": "Animals Act 1835 outlawing cockfighting", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00468-00143562-00143768": "baiting and dogfighting", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00469-00143769-00144092": "followed by another amendment in 18-49", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00470-00144093-00144825": "and again in 1876", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00471-00144826-00145166": "topic Society for the Prevention of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00472-00145167-00145663": "Cruelty to Animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00473-00145664-00145894": "richard martin soon realized that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00474-00145895-00146152": "magistrates did not take the martin act", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00475-00146153-00146352": "seriously and that it was not being", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00476-00146353-00146740": "reliably enforced Martin's act was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00477-00146741-00147001": "supported by various social reformers", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00478-00147002-00147232": "who were not parliamentarians and an", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00479-00147233-00147475": "informal network had gathered around the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00480-00147476-00147820": "efforts of Reverend Arthur Broome 1779", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00481-00147821-00148178": "to 1837 to create a voluntary", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00482-00148179-00148393": "organisation that would promote kindness", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00483-00148394-00148798": "toward animals Broome canvassed opinions", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00484-00148799-00148993": "and letters that were published or", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00485-00148994-00149265": "summarized in various periodicals in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00486-00149266-00149665": "1821 after the passage of Richard", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00487-00149666-00149949": "Martin's aunty cruelty to cattle bill in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00488-00149950-00150322": "1822 Broome attempted to form a Society", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00489-00150323-00150516": "for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00490-00150517-00150781": "that would bring together the patronage", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00491-00150782-00151033": "of persons who were of social rank and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00492-00151034-00151378": "committed to social reforms Broome did", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00493-00151379-00151578": "organize and chair a meeting of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00494-00151579-00151945": "sympathizers in November 1822 where it", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00495-00151946-00152149": "was agreed that a society should be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00496-00152150-00152386": "created and at which Broome was named", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00497-00152387-00152604": "its secretary but the attempt was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00498-00152605-00153040": "short-lived in 1824 Broome arranged a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00499-00153041-00153214": "new meeting in old slaughters", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00500-00153215-00153540": "coffeehouse in st. Martins Lane a London", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00501-00153541-00153840": "cafe frequented by artists and actors", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00502-00153841-00154309": "the group met on June 16th 1824 and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00503-00154310-00154627": "included a number of MPs Richard Martin", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00504-00154628-00155170": "Sir James Mackintosh 1765 to 1832", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00505-00155171-00155707": "Sir Thomas Buxton 1786 to 1845 William", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00506-00155708-00156214": "Wilberforce 1759 to 1833 and Sir James", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00507-00156215-00156760": "Graham 1792 to 1861 who had been an MP", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00508-00156761-00157093": "and who became one again in 1826", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00509-00157094-00157368": "they decided to form a society", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00510-00157369-00157629": "instituted for the purpose of preventing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00511-00157630-00158026": "cruelty to animals the Society for the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00512-00158027-00158304": "Prevention of Cruelty to Animals as it", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00513-00158305-00158468": "became known", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00514-00158469-00158728": "it determined to send men to inspect", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00515-00158729-00159022": "slaughterhouses Smithfield market where", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00516-00159023-00159262": "livestock had been sold since the 10th", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00517-00159263-00159490": "century and to look into the treatment", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00518-00159491-00159874": "of horses by coachman the Society became", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00519-00159875-00160204": "the Royal Society in 1840 when it was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00520-00160205-00160414": "granted a Royal Charter by Queen", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00521-00160415-00160684": "Victoria herself strongly opposed to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00522-00160685-00161062": "vivisection from 1824 onwards several", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00523-00161063-00161326": "books were published analyzing animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00524-00161327-00161536": "rights issues rather than protection", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00525-00161537-00161634": "alone", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00526-00161635-00162295": "Lewis Gompertz 1780 three quarters -", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00527-00162296-00162598": "1865 one of the men who attended the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00528-00162599-00162811": "first meeting of the SPCA", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00529-00162812-00163046": "published moral inquiries on the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00530-00163047-00163390": "situation of man and of brutes 1824", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00531-00163391-00163672": "arguing that every living creature human", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00532-00163673-00163919": "and non-human has more right to the use", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00533-00163920-00164183": "of its own body than anyone else has to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00534-00164184-00164365": "use it and that our duty to promote", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00535-00164366-00164695": "happiness applies equally to all beings", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00536-00164696-00165194": "Edward Nicholson 18-49 to 1912 head of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00537-00165195-00165446": "the Bodleian library at the University", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00538-00165447-00165738": "of Oxford argued in rights of an animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00539-00165739-00166066": "1879 that animals have the same natural", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00540-00166067-00166321": "right to life and liberty that human", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00541-00166322-00166558": "beings do disregarding Descartes", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00542-00166559-00166868": "mechanistic view or what he called the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00543-00166869-00167254": "neo Cartesian snake that they lack", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00544-00167255-00167536": "consciousness other writers of the time", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00545-00167537-00167791": "who explored whether animals might have", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00546-00167792-00168046": "natural or moral rights were Edward", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00547-00168047-00168683": "Payson Evans 1831 to 1917 john muir 1838", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00548-00168684-00169295": "to 1914 and J Howard Moore 1862 to 1916", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00549-00169296-00169588": "an American zoologist and author of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00550-00169589-00169903": "universal kinship 1906 and the new", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00551-00169904-00170249": "ethics 1907", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00552-00170250-00170564": "you", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00553-00170565-00171140": "topic arthur schopenhauer", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00554-00171141-00171374": "the development in England of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00555-00171375-00171626": "concept of animal rights was strongly", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00556-00171627-00171808": "supported by the German philosopher", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00557-00171809-00172327": "Arthur Schopenhauer 1788 to 1860 he", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00558-00172328-00172718": "wrote that Europeans were awakening more", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00559-00172719-00172979": "and more to a sense that beasts have", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00560-00172980-00173228": "rights in proportion as the strange", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00561-00173229-00173540": "notion as being gradually overcome and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00562-00173541-00173816": "outgrown that the animal kingdom came", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00563-00173817-00174104": "into existence solely for the benefit", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00564-00174105-00174488": "and pleasure of man he stopped short of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00565-00174489-00174818": "advocating vegetarianism arguing that so", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00566-00174819-00175088": "long as an animal's death was quick men", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00567-00175089-00175304": "would suffer more by not eating meat", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00568-00175305-00175606": "than animals would suffer by being Eden", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00569-00175607-00175910": "Schopenhauer also theorized that the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00570-00175911-00176177": "reason people succumbed to the unnatural", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00571-00176178-00176522": "diet of meat-eating was because of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00572-00176523-00176816": "unnatural cold climate they emigrated to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00573-00176817-00177065": "and the necessity of meat for survival", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00574-00177066-00177269": "in such a climate for fruits and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00575-00177270-00177470": "vegetables could not be dependably", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00576-00177471-00177821": "cultivated at those times he applauded", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00577-00177822-00178037": "the animal protection movement in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00578-00178038-00178352": "England to the honour then of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00579-00178353-00178562": "English be it said that they are the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00580-00178563-00178805": "first people who have in downright", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00581-00178806-00179099": "earnest extended the protecting arm of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00582-00179100-00179483": "the law to animals he also argued", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00583-00179484-00179744": "against the dominant Kantian idea that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00584-00179745-00180032": "animal cruelty is wrong only insofar as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00585-00180033-00180416": "it brutalizes humans thus because", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00586-00180417-00180662": "Christian morality leaves animals out of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00587-00180663-00180892": "account", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00588-00180893-00181075": "they are at once outlawed in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00589-00181076-00181318": "philosophical morals they are mere", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00590-00181319-00181714": "things mere means to any ends whatsoever", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00591-00181715-00181969": "they can therefore be used for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00592-00181970-00182302": "vivisection hunting coercing bullfights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00593-00182303-00182530": "and horse racing and can be whipped to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00594-00182531-00182734": "death as they struggle along with heavy", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00595-00182735-00183097": "carts of stone shame on such a morality", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00596-00183098-00183400": "that is worthy of pariahs Chand Alice", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00597-00183401-00183625": "and malicious and that fails to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00598-00183626-00183844": "recognize the eternal essence that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00599-00183845-00184611": "exists in every living thing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00600-00184612-00185183": "topic Percy Bysshe Shelley", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00601-00185184-00185486": "the English poet and dramatist Percy", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00602-00185487-00185981": "Bysshe Shelley 1792 to 1822 wrote two", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00603-00185982-00186302": "essays advocating a vegetarian diet for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00604-00186303-00186575": "ethical and health reasons a vindication", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00605-00186576-00186881": "of natural diet 1813 and on the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00606-00186882-00187735": "vegetable system of diet 1829 Post", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00607-00187736-00188307": "topic John Stuart Mill", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00608-00188308-00188801": "John Stuart Mill 1806 to 1873 the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00609-00188802-00189107": "English philosopher also argued that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00610-00189108-00189384": "utilitarianism must take animals into", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00611-00189385-00189756": "account writing in 1864 nothing is more", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00612-00189757-00190035": "natural to human beings nor up to a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00613-00190036-00190284": "certain point in cultivation more", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00614-00190285-00190547": "Universal than to estimate the pleasures", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00615-00190548-00190758": "and pains of others as deserving of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00616-00190759-00191003": "regard exactly in proportion to their", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00617-00191004-00191294": "likeness to ourselves", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00618-00191295-00191585": "granted that any practice causes more", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00619-00191586-00191808": "pain to animals than it gives pleasure", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00620-00191809-00192077": "to man is that practice moral or immoral", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00621-00192078-00192497": "and if exactly in proportion as human", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00622-00192498-00192696": "beings raise their heads out of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00623-00192697-00192933": "slough of selfishness they do not with", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00624-00192934-00193172": "one voice answer immoral let the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00625-00193173-00193451": "morality of the principle of utility be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00626-00193452-00193735": "forever condemned", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00627-00193736-00194046": "you", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00628-00194047-00194593": "topic Charles Darwin", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00629-00194594-00194866": "James Rachel's rights that Charles", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00630-00194867-00195307": "Darwin's 1809 to 1882 on the Origin of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00631-00195308-00195730": "Species 1859 which presented the theory", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00632-00195731-00196026": "of evolution by natural selection", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00633-00196027-00196279": "revolutionized the way humans viewed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00634-00196280-00196515": "their relationship with other species", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00635-00196516-00196867": "not only did human beings have a direct", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00636-00196868-00197089": "kinship with other animals but the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00637-00197090-00197365": "latter had social mental and moral lives", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00638-00197366-00197701": "too Darwin argued he wrote in his", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00639-00197702-00198157": "notebooks 1837 animals whom we have made", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00640-00198158-00198415": "our slaves we do not like to consider", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00641-00198416-00198558": "our equals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00642-00198559-00198889": "do not slaveholders wish to make the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00643-00198890-00199273": "black man other kind later in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00644-00199274-00199705": "descent of man 1871 he argued that there", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00645-00199706-00200005": "is no fundamental difference between man", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00646-00200006-00200242": "and the higher mammals in their mental", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00647-00200243-00200450": "faculties", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00648-00200451-00200702": "attributing to animals the power of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00649-00200703-00201047": "reason decision-making memory sympathy", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00650-00201048-00201194": "and imagination", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00651-00201195-00201419": "Rachel's writes that Darwin noted the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00652-00201420-00201622": "moral implications of the cognitive", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00653-00201623-00201983": "similarities arguing that humanity to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00654-00201984-00202378": "the lower animals was one of the noblest", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00655-00202379-00202784": "virtues with which man is endowed he was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00656-00202785-00203060": "strongly opposed to any kind of cruelty", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00657-00203061-00203432": "to animals including setting traps he", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00658-00203433-00203624": "wrote in a letter that he supported", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00659-00203625-00203971": "vivisection for real investigations on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00660-00203972-00204308": "physiology but not for mere damnable and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00661-00204309-00204725": "detestable curiosity it is a subject", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00662-00204726-00205144": "which makes me sick with horror", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00663-00205146-00205537": "in 1875 he testified before a Royal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00664-00205538-00205810": "Commission on vivisection lobbying for a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00665-00205811-00206092": "bill to protect both the animals used in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00666-00206094-00206425": "vivisection and the study of physiology", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00667-00206426-00206692": "rachels writes that the animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00668-00206694-00206962": "advocates of the day such as Frances", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00669-00206963-00207744": "power Cobb did not see Darwin as an ally", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00670-00207746-00208260": "topic American SPCA Frances power Cobb", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00671-00208261-00208784": "Anna Kingsford", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00672-00208785-00209023": "an early proposal for legal rights for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00673-00209025-00209306": "animals came from a group of citizens in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00674-00209307-00209834": "Ashtabula County Ohio around 1844 the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00675-00209835-00210065": "group proposed an amendment to the US", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00676-00210066-00210362": "Constitution stating that if slaves from", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00677-00210363-00210544": "slave states were receiving", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00678-00210544-00210782": "representation as three-fifths of a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00679-00210783-00210967": "person on the basis that they were", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00680-00210969-00211262": "animal property all the animal property", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00681-00211263-00211453": "of the free states should receive", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00682-00211454-00211723": "representation also the first animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00683-00211725-00211952": "protection group in the United States", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00684-00211953-00212198": "the American Society for the Prevention", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00685-00212198-00212636": "of Cruelty to Animals ASPCA was founded", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00686-00212637-00213116": "by Henry Berg in April 1866 berg had", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00687-00213117-00213302": "been appointed by President Abraham", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00688-00213303-00213602": "Lincoln to a diplomatic post in Russia", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00689-00213603-00213782": "and had been disturbed by the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00690-00213783-00214007": "mistreatment of animals he witnessed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00691-00214008-00214334": "there he consulted with the President of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00692-00214335-00214673": "the RSPCA in London and returned to the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00693-00214673-00214892": "United States to speak out against", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00694-00214892-00215141": "bullfights fights and the beating", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00695-00215142-00215569": "of horses he created a declaration of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00696-00215571-00215960": "the rights of animals and in 1866", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00697-00215961-00216230": "persuaded the New York State Legislature", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00698-00216231-00216536": "to pass anti-cruelty legislation and to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00699-00216537-00216836": "grant the ASPCA the authority to enforce", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00700-00216837-00217256": "it in 1875 the Irish social reformer", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00701-00217257-00217754": "Frances power cop 1822 to 1904 founded", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00702-00217755-00217952": "the Society for the Protection of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00703-00217953-00218198": "animals liable to vivisection the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00704-00218198-00218462": "world's first organization opposed to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00705-00218463-00218671": "animal research which became the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00706-00218673-00219013": "National anti-vivisection society in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00707-00219014-00219427": "1880 the english feminist anna Kingsford", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00708-00219428-00219812": "1846 to 1888 became one of the first", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00709-00219813-00220076": "english women to graduate in medicine", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00710-00220077-00220340": "after studying for her degree in paris", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00711-00220341-00220583": "and the only student at the time to do", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00712-00220584-00220796": "so without having experimented on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00713-00220796-00221162": "animals she published the perfect way in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00714-00221163-00221569": "diet 1881 advocating vegetarianism and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00715-00221571-00221828": "in the same year founded the food reform", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00716-00221829-00221926": "Society", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00717-00221927-00222169": "she was also vocal in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00718-00222171-00222416": "opposition to experimentation on animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00719-00222417-00222857": "in 1898 Cobb set up the British Union", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00720-00222858-00223115": "for the abolition of vivisection with", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00721-00223116-00223325": "which she campaigned against the use of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00722-00223326-00223637": "dogs in research coming close to success", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00723-00223638-00223973": "with the 1919 Doc's Protection bill", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00724-00223973-00224371": "which almost became law writer writes", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00725-00224373-00224579": "that as the interest in animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00726-00224580-00224839": "protection grew in the late 1890s", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00727-00224840-00225082": "attitudes toward animals among", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00728-00225083-00225446": "scientists began to harden they embraced", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00729-00225446-00225682": "the idea that what they saw as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00730-00225683-00225962": "anthropomorphism the attribution of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00731-00225963-00226276": "human qualities to nonhumans was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00732-00226277-00226585": "unscientific animals had to be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00733-00226586-00226819": "approached as physiological entities", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00734-00226821-00227189": "only as Ivan Pavlov wrote in 1927", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00735-00227190-00227546": "without any need to resort to fantastic", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00736-00227546-00227846": "speculations as to the existence of any", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00737-00227846-00228248": "possible subjective States it was a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00738-00228248-00228433": "position that hearkened back to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00739-00228434-00228673": "Descartes in the 17th century that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00740-00228675-00228977": "nonhumans were purely mechanical with no", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00741-00228978-00229210": "rationality and perhaps even no", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00742-00229211-00229783": "consciousness", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00743-00229784-00230319": "topic friedrich nietzsche", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00744-00230319-00230631": "avoiding utilitarianism Friedrich", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00745-00230632-00231019": "Nietzsche 1844 to 1900 found other", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00746-00231019-00231408": "reasons to defend animals he argued that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00747-00231409-00231696": "the sight of blind suffering is the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00748-00231698-00232005": "spring of the deepest emotion", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00749-00232006-00232335": "he once wrote for man as the cruelest", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00750-00232336-00232706": "animal at tragedies bullfights and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00751-00232707-00232959": "crucifixions hath he hitherto been", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00752-00232960-00233235": "happiest on earth and when he invented", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00753-00233236-00233519": "his hell behold that was his heaven on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00754-00233521-00233883": "earth throughout his writings he speaks", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00755-00233884-00234562": "of the human being as an animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00756-00234563-00235079": "topic Henri salt", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00757-00235080-00235763": "in 1894 Henry salt 1851 to 1939 a former", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00758-00235764-00235973": "master at Eden who had set up the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00759-00235973-00236228": "humanitarian League to lobby for a ban", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00760-00236229-00236462": "on hunting the year before published", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00761-00236463-00236750": "animals rights considered in relation to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00762-00236751-00237113": "social progress he wrote that the object", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00763-00237114-00237437": "of the essay was to set the principle of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00764-00237438-00237698": "animals rights on a consistent and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00765-00237698-00237946": "intelligible footing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00766-00237948-00238194": "concessions to the demands for zoo", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00767-00238194-00238454": "animal iam had been made grudgingly to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00768-00238455-00238653": "date he wrote with an eye on the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00769-00238654-00238926": "interests of animals qua property rather", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00770-00238927-00239271": "than as rights bearers even the leading", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00771-00239271-00239517": "advocates of animal rights seemed to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00772-00239517-00239705": "have shrunk from basing their claim on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00773-00239706-00239919": "the only argument which can ultimately", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00774-00239919-00240189": "be held to be a really sufficient one", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00775-00240190-00240498": "the assertion that animals as well as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00776-00240498-00240758": "men though of course to a far less", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00777-00240759-00240975": "extent than men are possessed of a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00778-00240976-00241254": "distinctive individuality and therefore", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00779-00241255-00241491": "our injustice entitled to live their", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00780-00241492-00241696": "lives with a due measure of that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00781-00241698-00242025": "restricted freedom to which Herbert", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00782-00242026-00242259": "Spencer alludes", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00783-00242260-00242508": "he argued that there was no point in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00784-00242509-00242733": "claiming rights for animals if those", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00785-00242734-00242991": "rights were subordinated to human desire", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00786-00242992-00243246": "and took issue with the idea that the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00787-00243246-00243473": "life of a human might have more moral", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00788-00243475-00243765": "worth the notion of the life of an", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00789-00243766-00244059": "animal having no moral purpose belongs", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00790-00244060-00244292": "to a class of ideas which cannot", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00791-00244294-00244565": "possibly be accepted by the advanced", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00792-00244566-00244803": "humanitarian thought of the present day", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00793-00244804-00245133": "it is a purely arbitrary assumption at", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00794-00245134-00245373": "variance with our best instincts at", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00795-00245373-00245583": "variance with our best science and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00796-00245584-00245850": "absolutely fatal if the subject be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00797-00245851-00246039": "clearly thought out to any full", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00798-00246040-00246402": "realization of animals rights if we are", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00799-00246403-00246627": "ever going to do justice to the lower", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00800-00246628-00246891": "races we must get rid of the antiquated", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00801-00246892-00247116": "notion of a great gulf fixed between", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00802-00247117-00247398": "them and mankind and must recognize the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00803-00247398-00247694": "common bond of humanity that unites all", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00804-00247696-00247919": "living beings in one universal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00805-00247921-00248487": "brotherhood", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00806-00248488-00248865": "topic twentieth-century animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00807-00248866-00249592": "movement", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00808-00249594-00250016": "topic brown dog affair Lizzie Lindh AF", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00809-00250017-00250396": "hag abhi", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00810-00250398-00250969": "in 1902 lizzy Lynde AF hag abhi 1878 to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00811-00250969-00251339": "1963 a Swedish feminist and a friend", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00812-00251340-00251621": "Lisa Shar Tao travelled to England to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00813-00251621-00251831": "study medicine at the London School of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00814-00251832-00252086": "Medicine for women intending to learn", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00815-00252087-00252254": "enough to become authoritative", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00816-00252255-00252598": "anti-vivisection campaigners in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00817-00252600-00252809": "course of their studies they witnessed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00818-00252810-00253076": "several animal experiments and published", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00819-00253077-00253319": "the details as the shambles of science", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00820-00253319-00253598": "extracts from the diary of two students", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00821-00253598-00254033": "of physiology 1903 their allegations", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00822-00254034-00254237": "included that they had seen a brown", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00823-00254238-00254504": "terrier dog dissected while conscious", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00824-00254505-00254750": "which prompted angry denials from the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00825-00254751-00254984": "researcher William Bayliss and his", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00826-00254985-00255323": "colleagues after Stephen Coleridge of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00827-00255323-00255546": "the National anti-vivisection society", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00828-00255548-00255842": "accused Bayliss of having violated the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00829-00255842-00256265": "Cruelty to Animals Act 1876 Bayliss sued", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00830-00256266-00256502": "and won convincing a court that the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00831-00256503-00256763": "animal had been anesthetized as required", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00832-00256764-00257059": "by the act in response anti-vivisection", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00833-00257060-00257312": "campaigners commissioned a statue of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00834-00257313-00257581": "dog to be erected in Battersea Park in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00835-00257582-00257939": "1906 with the plaque men and women of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00836-00257940-00258253": "England how long shall these things be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00837-00258254-00258605": "the statue caused uproar among medical", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00838-00258606-00258871": "students leading to frequent vandalism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00839-00258873-00259154": "of the statue and the need for a 24-hour", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00840-00259155-00259508": "police guard the affair culminated in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00841-00259509-00259921": "riot in 1907 when 1,000 medical students", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00842-00259923-00260171": "clashed with police suffragettes and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00843-00260171-00260467": "trade unionists in Trafalgar Square", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00844-00260467-00260750": "Battersea Council removed the statue", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00845-00260751-00261002": "from the park under cover of darkness", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00846-00261003-00261365": "two years later quarrel Lansbury 1985", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00847-00261366-00261704": "and Hilda keen 1998 write that the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00848-00261705-00261919": "significance of the affair lay in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00849-00261921-00262163": "relationships that formed in support of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00850-00262164-00262562": "the brown dog done to death which became", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00851-00262563-00262781": "a symbol of the oppression the women's", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00852-00262782-00263009": "suffrage movement felt at the hands of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00853-00263010-00263195": "the male political and medical", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00854-00263196-00263365": "establishment", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00855-00263366-00263614": "Kien argues that both sides saw", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00856-00263615-00263944": "themselves as heirs to the future the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00857-00263945-00264139": "students saw the women and trade", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00858-00264140-00264364": "unionists as representatives of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00859-00264365-00264625": "anti-science sentimentality while the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00860-00264626-00264877": "women saw themselves as progressive with", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00861-00264878-00265032": "the students and their teachers", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00862-00265033-00265712": "belonging to a previous age", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00863-00265713-00266306": "topic development of veganism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00864-00266307-00266573": "members of the English vegetarian", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00865-00266574-00266849": "society who avoided the use of eggs in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00866-00266850-00267125": "animal milk in the 19th and early 20th", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00867-00267126-00267448": "century were known as strict vegetarians", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00868-00267449-00267824": "the International vegetarian union cites", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00869-00267825-00268034": "an article informing readers of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00870-00268035-00268256": "alternatives to shoe leather in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00871-00268257-00268658": "vegetarian society's magazine in 1851 as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00872-00268659-00268880": "evidence of the existence of a group", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00873-00268881-00269111": "that sought to avoid animal products", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00874-00269112-00269441": "entirely there was increasing unease", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00875-00269442-00269681": "within the society from the start of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00876-00269682-00269975": "20th century onwards with regards to egg", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00877-00269976-00270317": "and milk consumption and in 1923 its", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00878-00270318-00270632": "magazine wrote that the ideal position", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00879-00270633-00270926": "for vegetarians as complete abstinence", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00880-00270927-00271481": "from animal products Mahatma Gandhi 1869", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00881-00271482-00271958": "to 1948 argued in 1931 before a meeting", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00882-00271959-00272152": "of the Society in London that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00883-00272153-00272408": "vegetarianism should be pursued in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00884-00272409-00272651": "interests of animals and not only as a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00885-00272652-00273014": "human health issue he met both Henri", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00886-00273015-00273299": "salt and Anna Kingsford and read salts a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00887-00273300-00273749": "plea for vegetarianism 1880 salt wrote", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00888-00273750-00274049": "in the pamphlet that a vegetarian is", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00889-00274050-00274382": "still regarded in ordinary society as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00890-00274383-00274693": "little better than a madman", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00891-00274694-00275106": "in 1944 several members led by Donald", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00892-00275107-00275539": "Watson 1910 to 2016 decided to break", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00893-00275540-00275776": "from the vegetarian society over the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00894-00275777-00276118": "issue of egg and milk years Watson", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00895-00276119-00276459": "coined the term vegan for those whose", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00896-00276460-00276727": "diet included no animal products and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00897-00276728-00276988": "they formed the British vegan society on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00898-00276989-00277635": "November 1st that year", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00899-00277636-00278183": "topic tear shits Gazette's", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00900-00278184-00278621": "on coming to power in January 1933 the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00901-00278622-00278897": "Nazi Party passed a comprehensive set of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00902-00278898-00279248": "animal protection laws the laws were", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00903-00279249-00279524": "similar to those that already existed in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00904-00279525-00279746": "England though more detailed and with", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00905-00279747-00280003": "severe penalties for breaking them", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00906-00280004-00280343": "Arnold R Luke and Borya Sachs write that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00907-00280344-00280550": "the Nazis tried to abolish the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00908-00280551-00280760": "distinction between humans and animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00909-00280761-00281009": "to the point where many people were", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00910-00281010-00281265": "regarded as less valuable than animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00911-00281266-00281585": "in April 1933 they passed laws", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00912-00281586-00281852": "regulating the slaughter of animals one", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00913-00281853-00282143": "of their targets was kosher slaughter in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00914-00282144-00282393": "November the tear shuts Gazette or", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00915-00282394-00282650": "animal protection law was introduced", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00916-00282651-00282918": "with Adolf Hitler announcing an end to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00917-00282919-00283025": "animal cruelty", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00918-00283026-00283400": "I am new in reicht darf s keine tire", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00919-00283401-00283823": "cual la mayor jebin in the new Reich no", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00920-00283824-00284214": "more animal cruelty will be allowed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00921-00284215-00284555": "it was followed in July 1934 by the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00922-00284556-00284772": "reich's judge Jess it's prohibiting", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00923-00284773-00285147": "hunting in July 1935 by the nature shits", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00924-00285148-00285410": "gazettes environmental legislation in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00925-00285411-00285819": "November 1937 by a law regulating animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00926-00285820-00286178": "transport in cars and in September 1938", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00927-00286179-00286470": "by a similar law dealing with animals on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00928-00286471-00286839": "trains Hitler was a vegetarian in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00929-00286840-00287102": "later years of his life several members", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00930-00287103-00287346": "of his inner circle including Rudolf", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00931-00287347-00287601": "Hess Joseph Goebbels and Heinrich", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00932-00287602-00287807": "Himmler adopted some form of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00933-00287808-00288056": "vegetarianism though by most accounts", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00934-00288057-00288342": "their vegetarianism was not as strict as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00935-00288343-00288877": "Hitler's", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00936-00288878-00289485": "topic increase in animal years", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00937-00289486-00289755": "despite the proliferation of animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00938-00289756-00290043": "protection legislation animals still had", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00939-00290044-00290198": "no legal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00940-00290199-00290469": "Debbi leg rights that existing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00941-00290470-00290727": "legislation was very much tied to the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00942-00290728-00290940": "idea of human interests whether", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00943-00290941-00291186": "protecting human sensibilities by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00944-00291187-00291441": "outlawing cruelty or protecting property", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00945-00291442-00291699": "rights by making sure animals were not", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00946-00291700-00292089": "harmed the over exploitation of fishing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00947-00292090-00292371": "stocks for example is viewed as harming", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00948-00292372-00292599": "the environment for people the hunting", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00949-00292600-00292839": "of animals to extinction means that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00950-00292840-00293067": "humans in the future will derive no", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00951-00293068-00293199": "enjoyment from them", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00952-00293200-00293451": "poaching results in financial loss to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00953-00293452-00293727": "the owner and so on notwithstanding the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00954-00293728-00293940": "interest in animal welfare of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00955-00293941-00294192": "previous century the situation for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00956-00294193-00294462": "animals arguably deteriorated in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00957-00294463-00294738": "20th century particularly after the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00958-00294739-00295050": "Second World War this was in part", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00959-00295051-00295257": "because of the increase in the numbers", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00960-00295258-00295718": "used in animal research 300 in the UK in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00961-00295719-00296328": "1875 19,000 84 in 1903 and 2.8 million", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00962-00296329-00296787": "in 2005 50 to 100 million worldwide and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00963-00296788-00297069": "a modern annual estimated range of 10", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00964-00297070-00297360": "million to upwards of 100 million in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00965-00297361-00297662": "US but mostly because of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00966-00297663-00297894": "industrialization of farming which saw", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00967-00297895-00298137": "billions of animals raised and killed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00968-00298138-00298350": "for food on a scale considered", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00969-00298351-00299005": "impossible before the war", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00970-00299006-00299652": "topic development of direct action", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00971-00299653-00300037": "in the early 1960s in England support", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00972-00300038-00300252": "for animal rights began to coalesce", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00973-00300253-00300468": "around the issue of blood sports", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00974-00300469-00300765": "particularly hunting deer foxes and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00975-00300766-00301074": "otters using dogs an aristocratic and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00976-00301075-00301317": "middle-class English practice stoutly", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00977-00301318-00301575": "defended in the name of protecting rural", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00978-00301576-00301935": "traditions the psychologist Richard D", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00979-00301936-00302169": "Ryder who became involved with the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00980-00302170-00302464": "animal rights movement in the late 1960s", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00981-00302465-00302703": "writes that the new chair of the league", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00982-00302704-00303078": "against cruel sports tried in 1963 to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00983-00303079-00303303": "steer it away from confronting members", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00984-00303304-00303456": "of the hunt which triggered the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00985-00303457-00303705": "formation that year of a direct action", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00986-00303706-00303953": "breakaway group the hunt saboteurs", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00987-00303954-00304272": "Association this was set up by a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00988-00304273-00304524": "journalist John prestige who had", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00989-00304525-00304752": "witnessed a pregnant deer being chased", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00990-00304753-00305001": "into a village and killed by the devon", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00991-00305002-00305367": "and somerset stag hounds the practice of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00992-00305368-00305616": "sabotaging hunts for example by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00993-00305617-00305874": "misleading the dogs with sensor horns", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00994-00305875-00306107": "spread throughout southeast England", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00995-00306108-00306366": "particularly around university towns", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00996-00306367-00306645": "leading to violent confrontations when", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00997-00306646-00306975": "the huntsman attacked the SABS the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00998-00306976-00307314": "controversy spread to the RSPCA which", "zw9gIjk8XGg-00999-00307315-00307581": "had arguably grown away from its radical", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01000-00307582-00307803": "roots to become a conservative group", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01001-00307804-00308084": "with charity status and royal patronage", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01002-00308085-00308367": "it had failed to speak out against", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01003-00308368-00308601": "hunting and indeed counted Huntsman", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01004-00308602-00308898": "among its members as with the league", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01005-00308899-00309187": "against cruel sports this position gave", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01006-00309188-00309492": "rise to a splinter group the RSPCA", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01007-00309493-00309690": "reformed group which sought to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01008-00309691-00309975": "radicalize the organization leading to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01009-00309976-00310203": "chaotic meetings of the group's ruling", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01010-00310204-00310410": "council and successful though", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01011-00310411-00310641": "short-lived efforts to change it from", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01012-00310642-00310845": "within by electing to the council", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01013-00310846-00311062": "members who would argue from an animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01014-00311063-00311362": "rights perspective and forced the RSPCA", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01015-00311363-00311622": "to address issues such as hunting", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01016-00311623-00311829": "factory farming and animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01017-00311830-00311978": "experimentation", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01018-00311979-00312318": "Ryder himself was elected to the council", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01019-00312319-00312695": "in 1971 and served as its chair from", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01020-00312696-00313460": "1977 to 1979", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01021-00313461-00314114": "topic formation of the Oxford group", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01022-00314115-00314374": "the same period saw writers and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01023-00314375-00314629": "academics begin to speak out again in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01024-00314630-00314977": "favor of animal rights Ruth Harrison", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01025-00314978-00315344": "published animal machines 1964 an", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01026-00315345-00315623": "influential critique of factory farming", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01027-00315624-00316013": "and on October 10th 1965 the novelist", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01028-00316014-00316300": "Brigid Brophy had an article the rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01029-00316301-00316645": "of animals published in The Sunday Times", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01030-00316646-00317053": "she wrote the relationship of Homo", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01031-00317054-00317312": "sapiens to the other animals as one of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01032-00317313-00317672": "unremitting exploitation we employ their", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01033-00317673-00317974": "work we eat and wear them we exploit", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01034-00317975-00318235": "them to serve our superstitions whereas", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01035-00318236-00318484": "we used to sacrifice them to our gods", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01036-00318485-00318730": "and tear out their entrails in order to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01037-00318731-00319019": "foresee the future we now sacrifice them", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01038-00319020-00319238": "to science and experiment on their", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01039-00319239-00319525": "entrails in the hope or on the mere off", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01040-00319526-00319793": "chance that we might thereby see a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01041-00319794-00320164": "little more clearly into the present", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01042-00320165-00320451": "to us it seems incredible that the Greek", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01043-00320452-00320655": "philosophers should have scanned so", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01044-00320656-00320880": "deeply into right and wrong and yet", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01045-00320881-00321198": "never noticed the immorality of slavery", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01046-00321199-00321517": "perhaps three thousand years from now it", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01047-00321518-00321750": "will seem equally incredible that we do", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01048-00321751-00321973": "not notice the immorality of our own", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01049-00321974-00322221": "oppression of animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01050-00322222-00322473": "Robert Garner writes that Harrison's", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01051-00322474-00322704": "book and bro fees article led to an", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01052-00322705-00322884": "explosion of interest in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01053-00322885-00323088": "relationship between humans and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01054-00323089-00323505": "nonhumans in particular Rafi's article", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01055-00323506-00323865": "was discovered in or around 1969 by a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01056-00323866-00324102": "group of postgraduate philosophy", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01057-00324103-00324332": "students at the University of Oxford", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01058-00324333-00324654": "rosalind and stanley god lovage husband", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01059-00324655-00324912": "and wife from Canada John Harris and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01060-00324913-00325217": "David Wood now known as the Oxford group", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01061-00325218-00325536": "they decided to put together a symposium", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01062-00325537-00325797": "to discuss the theory of animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01063-00325798-00325974": "around the same time", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01064-00325975-00326190": "Richard Ryder wrote several letters to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01065-00326191-00326475": "the Daily Telegraph criticizing animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01066-00326476-00326748": "experimentation based on incidents he", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01067-00326749-00327045": "had witnessed in laboratories the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01068-00327046-00327384": "letters published in April in May 1969", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01069-00327385-00327708": "were seen by Brigid Brophy who put Ryder", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01070-00327709-00327906": "in touch with the gaud Levitch ah's and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01071-00327907-00328296": "Harris Ryder also started distributing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01072-00328297-00328566": "pamphlets in Oxford protesting against", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01073-00328567-00328842": "experiments on animals it was in one of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01074-00328843-00329148": "these pamphlets in 1970 that he coined", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01075-00329149-00329523": "the term speciesism to describe the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01076-00329524-00329787": "exclusion of non-human animals from the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01077-00329788-00330102": "protections offered to humans he", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01078-00330103-00330363": "subsequently became a contributor to the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01079-00330364-00330651": "Gaad Levitch a symposium as did Harrison", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01080-00330652-00330984": "and Brophy and it was published in 1971", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01081-00330985-00331296": "as animals men and morals an inquiry", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01082-00331297-00332019": "into the maltreatment of nonhumans", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01083-00332020-00332699": "topic publication of Animal Liberation", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01084-00332700-00333104": "in 1970 over lunch in Oxford with fellow", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01085-00333105-00333380": "student Richard Keshan a vegetarian", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01086-00333381-00333683": "Australian philosopher Peter Singer came", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01087-00333684-00333947": "to believe that by eating animals he was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01088-00333948-00334127": "engaging in the oppression of other", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01089-00334128-00334508": "species keshan introduced Singer to the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01090-00334509-00334838": "Gaad Levitch s and in 1973 singer", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01091-00334839-00335030": "reviewed their book for the New York", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01092-00335031-00335393": "Review of Books in the review he used", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01093-00335394-00335906": "the term animal liberation writing we", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01094-00335907-00336176": "are familiar with Black Liberation gay", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01095-00336177-00336416": "liberation and a variety of other", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01096-00336417-00336773": "movements with women's liberation some", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01097-00336774-00336971": "thought we had come to the end of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01098-00336972-00337343": "road discrimination on the basis of sex", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01099-00337344-00337628": "it has been said is the last form of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01100-00337629-00337853": "discrimination that is universally", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01101-00337854-00338287": "accepted and practiced without pretense", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01102-00338288-00338539": "but one should always be wary of talking", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01103-00338540-00338799": "of the last remaining form of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01104-00338800-00339092": "discrimination", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01105-00339093-00339440": "animals men and morals as a manifesto", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01106-00339441-00339746": "for an animal liberation movement", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01107-00339747-00340001": "on the strength of his review the New", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01108-00340002-00340202": "York Review of Books took the unusual", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01109-00340203-00340490": "step of commissioning a book from singer", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01110-00340491-00340850": "on the subject published in 1975 as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01111-00340851-00341126": "animal liberation now one of the animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01112-00341127-00341509": "rights movements canonical texts singer", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01113-00341510-00341770": "based his arguments on the principle of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01114-00341771-00342068": "utilitarianism the view in its simplest", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01115-00342069-00342332": "form that an act as right if it leads to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01116-00342333-00342578": "the greatest happiness of the greatest", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01117-00342579-00343108": "number a phrase first used in 1776 by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01118-00343109-00343459": "Jeremy Bentham he argued in favor of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01119-00343460-00343718": "equal consideration of interests the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01120-00343719-00343937": "position that there are no grounds to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01121-00343938-00344156": "suppose that a violation of the basic", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01122-00344157-00344483": "interests of a human for example an", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01123-00344484-00344792": "interest in not suffering is different", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01124-00344793-00345034": "in any morally significant way from a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01125-00345035-00345269": "violation of the basic interests of a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01126-00345270-00345703": "nonhuman singer used the term speciesism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01127-00345704-00346058": "in the book citing ryder and it stuck", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01128-00346059-00346298": "becoming an entry in the oxford english", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01129-00346299-00346607": "dictionary in 1989 the book's", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01130-00346608-00346832": "publication triggered a groundswell of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01131-00346833-00347125": "scholarly interest in animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01132-00347126-00347447": "richard writers victims of science the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01133-00347448-00347857": "use of animals in research 1975 appeared", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01134-00347858-00348107": "followed by Andrew Lindsay's animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01135-00348108-00348491": "rights a Christian perspective 1976 and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01136-00348492-00348791": "Steven RL Clarke's the moral status of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01137-00348792-00349258": "animals 1977 a conference on animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01138-00349259-00349490": "rights was organized by Ryder and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01139-00349491-00349759": "Lindsey at Trinity College Cambridge in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01140-00349760-00350219": "August 1977 this was followed by Mary", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01141-00350220-00350480": "MIG Lee's Beast and man the roots of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01142-00350481-00350857": "human nature 1978 then animal rights a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01143-00350858-00351266": "symposium 1979 which included the papers", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01144-00351267-00351479": "delivered to the Cambridge conference", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01145-00351480-00351835": "from 1982 onwards a series of articles", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01146-00351836-00352115": "by Tom Regan led to his the case for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01147-00352116-00352463": "animal rights 1984 in which he argues", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01148-00352464-00352799": "that non-human animals are subjects of a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01149-00352800-00353139": "life and therefore possessors of moral", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01150-00353140-00353451": "a work regarded as a key text in animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01151-00353452-00353880": "rights theory regan wrote in 2001 that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01152-00353881-00354057": "philosophers had written more about", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01153-00354058-00354318": "animal rights in the previous 20 years", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01154-00354319-00354632": "than in the 2000 years before that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01155-00354633-00354902": "garner writes that Charles Miguel's", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01156-00354903-00355176": "bibliography key guide to information", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01157-00355177-00355551": "sources in animal rights 1989 contains", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01158-00355552-00355851": "10 pages of philosophical material on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01159-00355852-00356279": "animals up to 1970 but 13 pages between", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01160-00356280-00357045": "1970 and 1989 alone", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01161-00357046-00357345": "topic founding of the Animal Liberation", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01162-00357346-00357763": "Front", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01163-00357764-00358216": "in 1971 a law student Ronnie Lee formed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01164-00358217-00358389": "a branch of the hunt saboteurs", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01165-00358390-00358669": "Association in Luton later calling it", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01166-00358670-00358973": "the band of mercy after a 19th century", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01167-00358974-00359371": "RSPCA youth group the band attacked", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01168-00359372-00359658": "hunters vehicles by slashing tires and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01169-00359659-00359928": "breaking windows calling it active", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01170-00359929-00360426": "compassion in November 1973 they engaged", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01171-00360427-00360660": "in their first act of arson when they", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01172-00360661-00360916": "set fire to a hoaxed pharmaceuticals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01173-00360917-00361137": "research laboratory claiming", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01174-00361138-00361380": "responsibility as a non-violent", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01175-00361381-00361710": "guerrilla organization dedicated to the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01176-00361711-00362001": "liberation of animals from all forms of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01177-00362002-00362290": "cruelty and persecution at the hands of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01178-00362291-00362695": "mankind Lee and another activist were", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01179-00362696-00362978": "sentenced to three years in prison in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01180-00362979-00363592": "1974 paroled after 12 months in 1976 Lee", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01181-00363593-00363817": "brought together the remaining band of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01182-00363818-00364066": "Mercy activists along with some fresh", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01183-00364067-00364272": "faces to start a leaderless resistance", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01184-00364273-00364503": "movement calling it the Animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01185-00364504-00364908": "Liberation Front Alf Alf activists see", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01186-00364909-00365122": "themselves as a modern underground", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01187-00365123-00365395": "railroad passing animals removed from", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01188-00365396-00365660": "farms and laboratories to sympathetic", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01189-00365661-00365898": "veterinarians safe houses and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01190-00365899-00366282": "sanctuaries some activists also engage", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01191-00366283-00366585": "in threats intimidation and arson acts", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01192-00366586-00366834": "that have lost the movement sympathy in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01193-00366835-00367047": "mainstream public opinion the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01194-00367048-00367299": "decentralized model of activism as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01195-00367300-00367505": "frustrating for law enforcement", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01196-00367506-00367744": "organizations who find the networks", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01197-00367745-00367974": "difficult to infiltrate because they", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01198-00367975-00368327": "tend to be organized around friends in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01199-00368328-00368652": "2005 the US Department of Homeland", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01200-00368653-00368949": "Security indicated how seriously it", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01201-00368950-00369180": "takes the ALF when it included them in a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01202-00369181-00369496": "list of domestic terrorist threats", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01203-00369497-00369670": "the tactics of some of the more", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01204-00369671-00369904": "determined alpha activists are anathema", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01205-00369905-00370216": "to many animal rights advocates such as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01206-00370217-00370426": "singer who regard the movement as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01207-00370427-00370632": "something that should occupy the moral", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01208-00370633-00370734": "high ground", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01209-00370735-00371055": "alfe activists respond to the criticism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01210-00371056-00371323": "with the argument that as Ingrid Newkirk", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01211-00371324-00371677": "puts it thinkers may prepare revolutions", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01212-00371678-00372052": "but bandits must carry them out from the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01213-00372053-00372379": "1980s through to the early 2000s there", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01214-00372380-00372616": "was an increased level of violence by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01215-00372617-00372904": "animal rights extremist groups directed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01216-00372905-00373120": "at individuals and institutions", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01217-00373121-00373506": "associated with animal research activist", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01218-00373507-00373755": "groups involved included the Justice", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01219-00373756-00374026": "Department the animal rights militia and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01220-00374027-00374638": "SHAC", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01221-00374639-00375290": "topic subcultures and animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01222-00375291-00375623": "in the 1980s animal rights became", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01223-00375624-00375872": "associated with punk subculture and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01224-00375873-00376145": "ideologies particularly straightedge", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01225-00376146-00376415": "hardcore punk in the United States and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01226-00376416-00376751": "anarcho-punk in the United Kingdom this", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01227-00376752-00377084": "association continues on into the 21st", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01228-00377085-00377348": "century as evidenced by the prominence", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01229-00377349-00377615": "of vegan Punk events such as fluff fest", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01230-00377616-00378166": "in Europe", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01231-00378167-00378799": "topic animal rights international", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01232-00378800-00379359": "Henry Spira 1927 to 1998 a former seaman", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01233-00379360-00379603": "and civil rights activist became the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01234-00379604-00379858": "most notable of the new animal advocate", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01235-00379859-00380194": "in the United States a proponent of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01236-00380195-00380467": "gradual change he formed animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01237-00380468-00380851": "international in 1974 and introduced the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01238-00380852-00381255": "idea of reintegrated shaming whereby a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01239-00381256-00381508": "relationship is formed between a group", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01240-00381509-00381718": "of animal rights advocates and a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01241-00381719-00382000": "corporation they see as misusing animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01242-00382001-00382264": "with a view to obtaining concessions or", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01243-00382265-00382594": "halting a practice it is a strategy that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01244-00382595-00382915": "has been widely adopted most notably by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01245-00382916-00383122": "People for the Ethical Treatment of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01246-00383123-00383419": "Animals Spyros first campaign was in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01247-00383420-00383665": "opposition to the American Museum of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01248-00383666-00384058": "Natural History in 1976 where cats were", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01249-00384059-00384298": "being experimented on research that he", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01250-00384299-00384633": "persuaded them to stop his most notable", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01251-00384634-00384907": "achievement was in 1980 when he", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01252-00384908-00385162": "convinced the cosmetics company Revlon", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01253-00385163-00385396": "to stop using the Dre's test which", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01254-00385397-00385690": "involves toxicity tests on the skin or", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01255-00385691-00385857": "in the eyes of animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01256-00385858-00386188": "he took out a full-page ad in several", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01257-00386189-00386419": "newspapers featuring a rabbit with", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01258-00386420-00386665": "sticking plaster over the eyes and the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01259-00386666-00386962": "caption how many rabbits does Revlon", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01260-00386963-00387316": "blind for beauty's sake Revlon stopped", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01261-00387317-00387564": "using animals for cosmetics testing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01262-00387565-00387853": "donated money to help set up the Center", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01263-00387854-00388110": "for alternatives to animal testing and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01264-00388111-00388372": "was followed by other leading cosmetics", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01265-00388373-00388699": "companies Revlon has since renewed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01266-00388700-00388963": "testing on animals as it is unwilling to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01267-00388964-00389215": "give up revenue from sales in China", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01268-00389216-00389488": "where animal testing is required for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01269-00389489-00390179": "cosmetics and other items", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01270-00390180-00390929": "topic 21st century developments", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01271-00390930-00391361": "in 1999 New Zealand passed a new Animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01272-00391362-00391568": "Welfare Act that had the effect of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01273-00391569-00391810": "banning experiments on non-human", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01274-00391811-00392452": "hominids also in 1999 public law 106 to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01275-00392453-00392939": "152 title 18 section 48 was put into", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01276-00392940-00393269": "action in the United States this law", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01277-00393270-00393542": "makes it a felony to create sell or", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01278-00393543-00393803": "possess videos showing animal cruelty", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01279-00393804-00394019": "with the intention of profiting", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01280-00394020-00394319": "financially from them in 2005", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01281-00394320-00394484": "the Austrian Parliament banned", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01282-00394485-00394727": "experiments on Apes unless they are", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01283-00394728-00394910": "performed in the interests of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01284-00394911-00395270": "individual ape also in Austria the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01285-00395271-00395639": "Supreme Court ruled in January 2008 that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01286-00395640-00396008": "a chimpanzee called Matthew HIA SL pan", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01287-00396009-00396263": "by those advocating for his personhood", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01288-00396264-00396551": "was not a person after the association", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01289-00396552-00396752": "against animal factories sought", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01290-00396753-00396986": "personhood status for him because his", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01291-00396987-00397304": "custodians had gone bankrupt the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01292-00397305-00397556": "chimpanzee had been captured as a baby", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01293-00397557-00397970": "in Sierra Leone in 1982 then smuggled to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01294-00397971-00398203": "Austria to be used in pharmaceutical", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01295-00398204-00398441": "experiments but was discovered by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01296-00398442-00398705": "customs officials when he arrived in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01297-00398706-00398912": "country and was taken to a shelter", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01298-00398913-00399314": "instead he was kept there for 25 years", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01299-00399315-00399536": "until the group that ran the shelter", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01300-00399537-00399986": "went bankrupt in 2007 donors offered to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01301-00399987-00400259": "help him but under Austrian law only a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01302-00400260-00400568": "person can receive personal gifts so any", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01303-00400569-00400796": "money sent to support him would be lost", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01304-00400797-00401081": "to the shelter's bankruptcy the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01305-00401082-00401333": "Association appealed the ruling to the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01306-00401334-00401651": "European Court of Human Rights the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01307-00401652-00401867": "lawyer proposing the chimpanzees", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01308-00401868-00402128": "personhood asked the court to appoint a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01309-00402129-00402356": "legal guardian for him and to grant him", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01310-00402357-00402617": "4 rights the right to life limited", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01311-00402618-00402884": "freedom of movement personal safety and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01312-00402885-00403223": "the right to claim property in June 2008", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01313-00403224-00403423": "a committee of Spain's national", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01314-00403424-00403709": "legislature became the first to vote for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01315-00403710-00403982": "a resolution to extend limited rights to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01316-00403983-00404168": "non-human primates", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01317-00404169-00404416": "the parliamentary Environment Committee", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01318-00404417-00404727": "recommended giving chimpanzees bonobos", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01319-00404728-00404990": "gorillas and orangutans 'he's the right", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01320-00404991-00405272": "not to be used in medical experiments or", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01321-00405273-00405518": "in circuses and recommended making it", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01322-00405519-00405722": "illegal to kill apes except in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01323-00405723-00405832": "self-defense", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01324-00405833-00406054": "based upon the rights recommended by the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01325-00406055-00406408": "great a project the committee's proposal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01326-00406409-00406694": "has not yet been enacted into law from", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01327-00406695-00407035": "2009 onwards several countries outlawed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01328-00407036-00407278": "the use of some or all animals in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01329-00407279-00407522": "circuses starting with Bolivia and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01330-00407523-00407779": "followed by several countries in Europe", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01331-00407780-00408017": "Scandinavia the Middle East and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01332-00408018-00408307": "Singapore in 2010 the regional", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01333-00408308-00408556": "government in Catalonia passed a motion", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01334-00408557-00408829": "to outlaw bullfighting the first such", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01335-00408830-00409298": "ban in Spain in 2011 PETA sued SeaWorld", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01336-00409299-00409589": "over the captivity of five orcas in San", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01337-00409590-00409849": "Diego and Orlando arguing that the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01338-00409850-00410149": "whales were being treated as slaves it", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01339-00410150-00410374": "was the first time the Thirteenth", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01340-00410375-00410566": "Amendment to the United States", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01341-00410567-00410860": "Constitution which outlaws slavery and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01342-00410862-00411155": "involuntary servitude was cited in court", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01343-00411156-00411512": "to protect non-human rights a federal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01344-00411513-00411766": "judge dismissed the case in February", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01345-00411767-00412305": "2012", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01346-00412306-00412966": "topic petitions for habeas corpus", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01347-00412967-00413399": "in 2015 the nonhuman Rights Project NH", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01348-00413400-00413693": "PR filed three lawsuits in New York", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01349-00413693-00413912": "State on behalf of four captive", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01350-00413913-00414157": "chimpanzees demanding that the courts", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01351-00414158-00414376": "grant them the right to bodily Liberty", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01352-00414377-00414622": "via the writ of habeas corpus and to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01353-00414623-00414841": "immediately send them to a sanctuary", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01354-00414842-00415070": "affiliated with the North American", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01355-00415071-00415432": "primate sanctuary Alliance all of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01356-00415433-00415693": "petitions were denied in the case", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01357-00415694-00415982": "involving the chimpanzees Hercules and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01358-00415983-00416249": "Leo just as Barbara Jaffe did not", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01359-00416250-00416470": "immediately dismiss the filing and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01360-00416471-00416728": "instead ordered a hearing requiring the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01361-00416729-00416932": "chimpanzee owner to show why the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01362-00416933-00417172": "chimpanzees should be not be released", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01363-00417173-00417439": "and transferred to the sanctuary", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01364-00417439-00417722": "following the hearing justice Jaffe", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01365-00417722-00417974": "issued an order denying Hercules and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01366-00417975-00418351": "Leo's petition even though the petition", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01367-00418352-00418691": "was denied NH R P interpreted justice", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01368-00418692-00419059": "jefes decision as a victory in its press", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01369-00419060-00419278": "release it emphasized the fact that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01370-00419279-00419612": "justice Jefe agreed with NH R P when", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01371-00419613-00419924": "finding that persons are not restricted", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01372-00419925-00420227": "to human beings and that who as a person", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01373-00420228-00420524": "is not a question of biology but of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01374-00420525-00420943": "public policy and principle and also", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01375-00420944-00421195": "stating that efforts to extend legal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01376-00421196-00421402": "rights to chimpanzees are thus", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01377-00421403-00421637": "understandable someday they may even", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01378-00421638-00422255": "succeed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01379-00422256-00423225": "topic indian subcontinent", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01380-00423226-00423588": "topic religions", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01381-00423589-00423770": "you", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01382-00423771-00424074": "Robert Garner writes that both Hindu and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01383-00424075-00424326": "Buddhist societies abandoned animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01384-00424327-00424605": "sacrifice and embraced vegetarianism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01385-00424606-00425034": "from the 3rd century BCE several kings", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01386-00425035-00425331": "in India built hospitals for animals and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01387-00425332-00425901": "the emperor Ashoka 304 to 232 BCE issued", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01388-00425902-00426114": "orders against hunting and animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01389-00426114-00426347": "slaughter in line with ahimsa the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01390-00426348-00426689": "doctrine of non-violence garner writes", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01391-00426691-00426968": "that Jainism took this idea further", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01392-00426969-00427230": "Jane's believed that no living creature", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01393-00427231-00427431": "should be harmed and they are known to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01394-00427432-00427710": "clear paths in front of them by sweeping", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01395-00427710-00427956": "them to protect any insect life that may", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01396-00427957-00428126": "be present", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01397-00428127-00428522": "in 2014 the Jain pilgrimage destination", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01398-00428522-00428762": "of Palitana City an Indian state of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01399-00428763-00429014": "Gujarat became the first city in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01400-00429014-00429374": "world to be legally vegetarian it has", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01401-00429375-00429653": "outlawed or made illegal the buying and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01402-00429654-00429929": "selling of meat fish and eggs and also", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01403-00429930-00430222": "related jobs or work such as fishing and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01404-00430224-00430878": "penning food animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01405-00430879-00431664": "topic legal actions in the 21st century", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01406-00431665-00432037": "Paul Waldow writes that in 2000 the High", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01407-00432038-00432277": "Court in Kerala used the language of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01408-00432278-00432639": "right in relation to circus animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01409-00432640-00432966": "ruling that they are beings entitled to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01410-00432967-00433393": "dignified existence under article 21 of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01411-00433393-00433714": "the Indian Constitution the ruling said", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01412-00433714-00433941": "that if human beings are entitled to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01413-00433942-00434293": "these rights animals should be to the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01414-00434293-00434518": "court went beyond the requirements of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01415-00434518-00434725": "the Constitution that all living beings", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01416-00434726-00435022": "should be shown compassion and said it", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01417-00435022-00435370": "is not only our fundamental duty to show", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01418-00435371-00435643": "compassion to our animal friends but", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01419-00435643-00435901": "also to recognize and protect their", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01420-00435902-00436054": "rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01421-00436055-00436347": "Waldow writes that other courts in india", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01422-00436349-00436614": "and one court in sri lanka have used", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01423-00436616-00436933": "similar language in 2012 the indian", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01424-00436934-00437172": "government issued a ban on the use of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01425-00437174-00437410": "live animals in education and much", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01426-00437410-00438016": "research", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01427-00438017-00438581": "topic in religion", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01428-00438582-00438860": "for some the basis of animal rights as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01429-00438860-00439114": "in religion or animal worship or in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01430-00439116-00439322": "general nature worship with some", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01431-00439322-00439562": "religions banning killing of any animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01432-00439563-00439799": "one of the most important sanctions of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01433-00439800-00440060": "the Jain Hindu and Buddhist faiths as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01434-00440060-00440312": "the concept of ahimsa or refraining from", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01435-00440313-00440642": "the destruction of life according to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01436-00440643-00440893": "Buddhist belief humans do not deserve", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01437-00440895-00441155": "preferential treatment over other living", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01438-00441156-00441632": "beings see also in section above", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01439-00441633-00441941": "in contrast in other religions animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01440-00441942-00442217": "can be unclean within general allowing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01441-00442218-00442489": "eating all except for these the Torah", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01442-00442491-00442847": "allows eating certain kinds of wings", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01443-00442847-00443197": "warming things ie insects while", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01444-00443199-00443862": "prohibiting others", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01445-00443863-00444606": "topic Jainism Buddhism and Hinduism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01446-00444607-00444924": "the respect for animal rights in Jainism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01447-00444925-00445206": "Hinduism and Buddhism derives from the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01448-00445207-00445487": "doctrine of ahimsa the dharmic", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01449-00445488-00445680": "interpretation of this doctrine", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01450-00445681-00445884": "prohibits the killing of any living", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01451-00445885-00446454": "being", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01452-00446455-00446972": "topic Islam", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01453-00446972-00447268": "animal rights were recognized early by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01454-00447270-00447593": "the Sharia Islamic law this recognition", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01455-00447593-00447835": "is based on both the Quran and the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01456-00447837-00448100": "hadith in the Quran there are many", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01457-00448101-00448364": "references to animals detailing that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01458-00448364-00448478": "they have souls", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01459-00448479-00448733": "form communities communicate with God", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01460-00448734-00448993": "and worship Him in their own way", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01461-00448993-00449276": "Muhammad forbade his followers to harm", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01462-00449277-00449534": "any animal and asked them to respect the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01463-00449535-00449860": "rights of animals it is a distinctive", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01464-00449860-00450092": "characteristic of the Sharia that all", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01465-00450093-00450280": "animals have legal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01466-00450281-00450653": "Othman Llewelyn even argues that sharia", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01467-00450654-00450910": "has mechanisms for the full repair of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01468-00450912-00451142": "injuries suffered by non-human creatures", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01469-00451143-00451409": "including their representation in court", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01470-00451410-00451667": "assessment of injuries and awarding of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01471-00451668-00451988": "relief to them the classical Muslim", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01472-00451989-00452345": "jurist is ad-din eben Abbot as Salam who", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01473-00452346-00452568": "flourished during the 13th century", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01474-00452570-00452818": "formulated the following statement of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01475-00452820-00453128": "animal rights the rights of livestock", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01476-00453129-00453431": "and animals upon man these are that he", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01477-00453432-00453629": "spend on them the provision that their", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01478-00453630-00453917": "kinds require even if they have aged or", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01479-00453918-00454175": "sick and such that no benefit comes from", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01480-00454176-00454393": "them that he not burden them beyond what", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01481-00454395-00454585": "they can bear that he not put them", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01482-00454587-00454805": "together with anything by which they", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01483-00454806-00454985": "would be injured whether of their own", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01484-00454985-00455252": "kind or other species and whether by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01485-00455253-00455456": "breaking their bones or budding or", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01486-00455457-00455654": "wounding that he slaughters them with", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01487-00455655-00455867": "kindness when he slaughters them and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01488-00455868-00456122": "neither Flay their skins nor break their", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01489-00456122-00456338": "bones until their bodies have become", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01490-00456339-00456560": "cold and their lives have passed away", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01491-00456560-00456739": "that he not slaughtered their young", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01492-00456741-00456953": "within their sight but that he isolate", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01493-00456954-00457157": "them that he makes comfortable their", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01494-00457158-00457435": "resting places and watering places that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01495-00457437-00457664": "he puts their males and females together", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01496-00457664-00457918": "during their mating seasons that he not", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01497-00457920-00458174": "discard those which he takes as game and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01498-00458175-00458366": "neither shoots them with anything that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01499-00458367-00458597": "breaks their bones nor brings about", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01500-00458597-00458828": "their destruction by any means that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01501-00458829-00459100": "renders their meat unlawful to eat on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01502-00459101-00459452": "the other hand animal sacrifice as a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01503-00459453-00459679": "prominent feature of Eid al-adha", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01504-00459680-00460327": "observances", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01505-00460328-00461410": "topic philosophical and legal approaches", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01506-00461412-00461933": "topic overview", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01507-00461934-00462252": "the two main philosophical approaches to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01508-00462253-00462485": "animal rights are utilitarian and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01509-00462486-00462812": "rights-based the former is exemplified", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01510-00462813-00463101": "by Peter Singer and the latter by Tom", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01511-00463102-00463306": "Regan and Gary Franchione", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01512-00463307-00463618": "their differences reflect a distinction", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01513-00463619-00463866": "philosophers draw between ethical", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01514-00463867-00464085": "theories that judge the rightness of an", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01515-00464085-00464431": "act by its consequences consequentialism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01516-00464432-00464730": "teleological ethics or utilitarianism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01517-00464731-00464981": "and those that focus on the principle", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01518-00464982-00465222": "behind the act almost regardless of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01519-00465222-00465610": "consequences deontological ethics", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01520-00465611-00465845": "deontologists argue that there are acts", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01521-00465846-00466116": "we should never perform even if failing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01522-00466117-00466391": "to do so entails a worse outcome there", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01523-00466392-00466610": "are a number of positions that can be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01524-00466611-00466841": "defended from a consequent list or", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01525-00466842-00467100": "deontologist perspective including the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01526-00467101-00467352": "capabilities approach represented by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01527-00467353-00467560": "Martha Nussbaum and the egalitarian", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01528-00467561-00467831": "approach which has been examined by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01529-00467832-00468191": "Ingmar Pearson and Peter Valentine the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01530-00468192-00468462": "capabilities approach focuses on what", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01531-00468463-00468695": "individuals require to fulfil their", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01532-00468696-00469077": "capabilities Nussbaum 2006 argues that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01533-00469078-00469326": "animals need a right to life some", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01534-00469327-00469581": "control over their environment company", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01535-00469582-00469785": "play and physical health", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01536-00469785-00470066": "Steven R al Clarke Mary Midgley and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01537-00470067-00470339": "Bernard Rowland also discuss animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01538-00470340-00470547": "rights in terms of animals being", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01539-00470547-00470787": "permitted to lead a life appropriate for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01540-00470788-00471153": "their kind egg a latarian ism favours an", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01541-00471154-00471410": "equal distribution of happiness among", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01542-00471411-00471627": "all individuals which makes the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01543-00471628-00471804": "interests of the worse off more", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01544-00471805-00472043": "important than those of the better off", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01545-00472043-00472383": "another approach virtue ethics holds", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01546-00472384-00472605": "that in considering how to act we should", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01547-00472606-00472830": "consider the character of the actor and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01548-00472831-00473137": "what kind of moral agents we should be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01549-00473138-00473427": "Rosalind Hirst House has suggested an", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01550-00473428-00473652": "approach to animal rights based on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01551-00473653-00473976": "virtue ethics mark Rowland's has", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01552-00473977-00474684": "proposed a contractarian approach", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01553-00474685-00475287": "topic utilitarianism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01554-00475288-00475713": "Nussbaum 2004 writes that utilitarianism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01555-00475714-00475953": "starting with Jeremy Bentham and John", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01556-00475954-00476256": "Stuart Mill has contributed more to the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01557-00476257-00476468": "recognition of the moral status of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01558-00476470-00476722": "animals than any other ethical theory", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01559-00476724-00477047": "the utilitarian philosopher most", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01560-00477049-00477309": "associated with animal rights as Peter", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01561-00477310-00477570": "Singer professor of bioethics at", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01562-00477571-00477900": "Princeton University Singer is not a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01563-00477901-00478167": "rights theorist but uses the language of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01564-00478168-00478397": "Rights to discuss how we ought to treat", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01565-00478399-00478697": "individuals he is a preference", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01566-00478697-00478962": "utilitarian meaning that he judges the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01567-00478963-00479178": "rightness of an act by the extent to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01568-00479179-00479412": "which it satisfies the preferences", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01569-00479413-00479706": "interests of those affected his position", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01570-00479707-00479925": "is that there is no reason not to give", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01571-00479926-00480164": "equal consideration to the interests of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01572-00480166-00480429": "human and nonhumans though his principle", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01573-00480430-00480702": "of equality does not require identical", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01574-00480703-00481053": "treatment a mouse and a man both have an", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01575-00481054-00481278": "interest in not being kicked and there", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01576-00481279-00481518": "are no moral or logical grounds for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01577-00481518-00481760": "failing to accord those interests equal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01578-00481762-00482072": "weight interests are predicated on the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01579-00482074-00482364": "ability to suffer nothing more and once", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01580-00482364-00482568": "it is established that a being has", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01581-00482568-00482838": "interests those interests must be given", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01582-00482839-00483183": "equal consideration singer quotes the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01583-00483184-00483549": "English philosopher Henry Sidgwick 1838", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01584-00483550-00483927": "to 1900 the good of any one individual", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01585-00483928-00484203": "as of no more important from the point", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01586-00484204-00484462": "of view", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01587-00484463-00484702": "of the universe than the good of any", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01588-00484703-00485179": "other singer argues that equality of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01589-00485180-00485445": "consideration as a prescription not an", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01590-00485446-00485701": "assertion of fact if the Equality of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01591-00485702-00485983": "sexes were based only on the idea that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01592-00485984-00486232": "men and women were equally intelligent", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01593-00486233-00486457": "we would have to abandon the practice of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01594-00486458-00486687": "equal consideration if this were later", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01595-00486688-00487054": "found to be false but the moral idea of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01596-00487055-00487327": "equality does not depend on matters of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01597-00487328-00487570": "fact such as intelligence physical", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01598-00487571-00487930": "strength or moral capacity equality", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01599-00487931-00488155": "therefore cannot be grounded on the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01600-00488156-00488431": "outcome of scientific investigations", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01601-00488432-00488668": "into the intelligence of nonhumans", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01602-00488668-00488970": "all that matters as whether they can", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01603-00488971-00489247": "suffer commentators on all sides of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01604-00489247-00489526": "debate now accept that animals suffer", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01605-00489527-00489760": "and feel pain although it was not always", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01606-00489760-00490122": "so bernard Rowland professor of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01607-00490123-00490368": "philosophy animal sciences and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01608-00490369-00490639": "biomedical sciences at Colorado State", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01609-00490639-00490879": "University writes that Descartes", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01610-00490880-00491139": "influence continued to be felt until the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01611-00491140-00491560": "1980s veterinarians trained in the US", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01612-00491560-00491887": "before 1989 were taught to ignore pain", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01613-00491888-00492124": "he writes and at least one major", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01614-00492125-00492489": "veterinary hospital in the 1960s did not", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01615-00492490-00492778": "stock narcotic analgesics for animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01616-00492779-00493108": "pain control in his interactions with", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01617-00493109-00493216": "scientists", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01618-00493217-00493614": "he was often asked to prove that animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01619-00493615-00493872": "are conscious and to provide", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01620-00493872-00494197": "scientifically acceptable evidence that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01621-00494197-00494418": "they could feel pain scientific", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01622-00494419-00494662": "publications have made it clear since", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01623-00494663-00494899": "the 1980s that the majority of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01624-00494900-00495160": "researchers do believe animals suffer", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01625-00495160-00495400": "and feel pain though it continues to be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01626-00495401-00495574": "argued that their suffering may be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01627-00495575-00495829": "reduced by an inability to experience", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01628-00495830-00496129": "the same dread of anticipation as humans", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01629-00496130-00496389": "or to remember the suffering as vividly", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01630-00496389-00496687": "the problem of animal suffering an", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01631-00496688-00496960": "animal consciousness in general arose", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01632-00496960-00497197": "primarily because it was argued that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01633-00497197-00497539": "animals have no language singer writes", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01634-00497539-00497737": "that if language were needed to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01635-00497738-00497814": "communicate", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01636-00497816-00498052": "Payne it would often be impossible to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01637-00498053-00498283": "know when humans are in pain though we", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01638-00498284-00498502": "can observe pain behavior and make a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01639-00498503-00498874": "calculated guess based on it he argues", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01640-00498875-00499078": "that there is no reason to suppose that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01641-00499079-00499342": "the pain behavior of nonhumans would", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01642-00499343-00499528": "have a different meaning from the pain", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01643-00499529-00500177": "behavior of humans", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01644-00500178-00500783": "topic subjects of a life", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01645-00500784-00501080": "Tom Regan professor emeritus of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01646-00501081-00501302": "philosophy at North Carolina State", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01647-00501303-00501629": "University argues in the case for animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01648-00501630-00501985": "rights 1983 that non-human animals are", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01649-00501987-00502372": "what he calls subjects of a life and as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01650-00502374-00502556": "such are bearers of rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01651-00502557-00502810": "he writes that because the moral rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01652-00502812-00503042": "of humans are based on their possession", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01653-00503043-00503267": "of certain cognitive abilities and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01654-00503268-00503432": "because these abilities are also", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01655-00503433-00503699": "possessed by at least some non-human", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01656-00503700-00503966": "animals such animals must have the same", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01657-00503967-00504308": "moral rights as humans although only", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01658-00504309-00504617": "humans act as moral agents both marginal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01659-00504618-00504896": "case humans such as infants and at least", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01660-00504897-00505151": "some nonhumans must have the status of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01661-00505152-00505529": "moral patience moral patience are unable", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01662-00505530-00505802": "to formulate moral principles and as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01663-00505803-00506024": "such are unable to do right or wrong", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01664-00506025-00506204": "even though what they do may be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01665-00506205-00506612": "beneficial or harmful only moral agents", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01666-00506613-00506857": "are able to engage in moral action", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01667-00506858-00507193": "animals for Regan have intrinsic value", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01668-00507195-00507605": "as subjects of a life and cannot be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01669-00507606-00507863": "regarded as a means to an end a view", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01670-00507864-00508049": "that places him firmly in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01671-00508050-00508364": "abolitionist camp his theory does not", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01672-00508364-00508649": "extend to all animals but only to those", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01673-00508650-00508897": "that can be regarded as subjects of a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01674-00508899-00509258": "life he argues that all normal mammals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01675-00509259-00509462": "of at least one year of age would", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01676-00509463-00509706": "qualify", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01677-00509707-00509992": "individuals are subjects of a life if", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01678-00509993-00510262": "they have beliefs and desires perception", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01679-00510263-00510493": "memory and a sense of the future", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01680-00510493-00510775": "including their own future an emotional", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01681-00510776-00511000": "life together with feelings of pleasure", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01682-00511001-00511239": "and pain preference and Welfare", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01683-00511241-00511522": "interests the ability to initiate action", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01684-00511522-00511820": "in pursuit of their desires and goals a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01685-00511821-00512116": "psychophysical identity over time and an", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01686-00512117-00512341": "individual welfare in the sense that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01687-00512342-00512608": "their experiential life fares well or", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01688-00512609-00512875": "ill for them logically independently of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01689-00512876-00513108": "their utility for others and logically", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01690-00513109-00513313": "independently of their being the object", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01691-00513314-00513600": "of anyone else's interests", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01692-00513601-00513904": "whereas singer is primarily concerned", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01693-00513905-00514105": "with improving the treatment of animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01694-00514106-00514393": "and accepts that in some hypothetical", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01695-00514393-00514675": "scenarios individual animals might be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01696-00514676-00514933": "used legitimately to further human or", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01697-00514934-00515059": "non-human ends", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01698-00515060-00515242": "Regan believes we ought to treat", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01699-00515243-00515617": "non-human animals as we would humans he", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01700-00515618-00515881": "applies the strict Kantian ideal which", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01701-00515882-00516135": "conte himself applied only to humans", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01702-00516137-00516355": "that they ought never to be sacrificed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01703-00516356-00516625": "as a means to an end and must be treated", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01704-00516626-00517295": "as ends in themselves", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01705-00517296-00517852": "topic abolitionism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01706-00517853-00518172": "Guerry Franchione professor of law and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01707-00518173-00518431": "philosophy at rutgers law school in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01708-00518432-00518677": "newark is a leading abolitionist writer", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01709-00518678-00518968": "arguing that animals need only one right", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01710-00518968-00519279": "the right not to be owned everything", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01711-00519280-00519495": "else would follow from that paradigm", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01712-00519496-00519564": "shift", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01713-00519565-00519814": "he writes that although most people", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01714-00519814-00519979": "would condemn the mistreatment of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01715-00519980-00520210": "animals and in many countries there are", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01716-00520210-00520468": "laws that seem to reflect those concerns", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01717-00520468-00520827": "in practice the legal system allows any", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01718-00520828-00521277": "use of animals however abhorrent the law", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01719-00521278-00521606": "only requires that any suffering not be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01720-00521607-00521981": "unnecessary in deciding what counts as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01721-00521982-00522376": "unnecessary an animals interests are", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01722-00522377-00522585": "weighed against the interests of human", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01723-00522586-00522826": "beings and the latter almost always", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01724-00522827-00523147": "prevail francy owns animals property and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01725-00523147-00523518": "the law 1995 was the first extensive", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01726-00523518-00523735": "jurisprudential treatment of animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01727-00523735-00524074": "rights in it Francie Owen compares the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01728-00524075-00524329": "situation of animals to the treatment of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01729-00524330-00524562": "slaves in the United States where", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01730-00524563-00524806": "legislation existed that appeared to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01731-00524807-00525012": "protect them while the courts ignored", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01732-00525013-00525268": "that the institution of slavery itself", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01733-00525269-00525610": "rendered the protection unenforceable he", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01734-00525611-00525835": "offers as an example the United States", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01735-00525836-00526162": "Animal Welfare Act which he describes as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01736-00526163-00526410": "an example of symbolic legislation", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01737-00526411-00526687": "intended to a swage public concern about", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01738-00526688-00526902": "the treatment of animals but difficult", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01739-00526903-00527202": "to implement he argues that a focus on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01740-00527203-00527470": "animal welfare rather than animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01741-00527471-00527733": "may worsen the position of animals by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01742-00527734-00527964": "making the public feel comfortable about", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01743-00527965-00528199": "using them and entrenching the view of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01744-00528200-00528541": "them as property he calls animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01745-00528542-00528837": "groups who pursue animal welfare issues", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01746-00528838-00529051": "such as People for the Ethical Treatment", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01747-00529052-00529527": "of Animals the new welfarist arguing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01748-00529528-00529783": "that they have more in common with 19th", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01749-00529784-00530043": "century animal protectionists than with", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01750-00530044-00530266": "the animal rights movement indeed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01751-00530267-00530643": "the terms animal protection and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01752-00530644-00530995": "protectionism are increasingly favored", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01753-00530996-00531093": "his", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01754-00531094-00531432": "in 1996 was that there is no animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01755-00531433-00532170": "rights movement in the United States", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01756-00532171-00532783": "topic contract Arianism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01757-00532784-00533035": "mark Rowland's professor of philosophy", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01758-00533036-00533312": "at the University of Florida has", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01759-00533313-00533585": "proposed a contractarian approach based", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01760-00533586-00533810": "on the original position and the veil of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01761-00533811-00534227": "ignorance aa state of nature thought", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01762-00534228-00534472": "experiment that tests intuitions about", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01763-00534473-00534814": "justice and fairness in John Rawls is a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01764-00534815-00535295": "theory of justice 1971 in the original", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01765-00535296-00535589": "position individuals choose principles", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01766-00535590-00535874": "of justice what kind of society to form", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01767-00535875-00536116": "and how primary social goods will be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01768-00536117-00536391": "distributed unaware of their individual", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01769-00536392-00536780": "characteristics their race sex class or", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01770-00536781-00536981": "intelligence whether they are able", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01771-00536982-00537268": "bodied or disabled rich or poor and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01772-00537269-00537554": "therefore unaware of which role they", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01773-00537555-00537764": "will assume in the society they are", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01774-00537765-00538070": "about to form the idea is that operating", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01775-00538071-00538291": "behind the veil of ignorance they will", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01776-00538292-00538537": "choose a social contract in which there", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01777-00538538-00538775": "is basic fairness and justice for them", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01778-00538776-00539137": "no matter the position they occupy Rawls", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01779-00539138-00539420": "did not include species membership as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01780-00539421-00539635": "one of the attributes hidden from the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01781-00539636-00539947": "decision-makers in the original position", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01782-00539948-00540227": "Rowlands proposes extending the veil of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01783-00540228-00540512": "ignorance to include rationality which", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01784-00540513-00540760": "he argues as an undeserved property", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01785-00540761-00540997": "similar to characteristics including", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01786-00540998-00541722": "race sex and intelligence", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01787-00541723-00542404": "topic prima-facie rights theory", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01788-00542405-00542714": "American philosopher Timothy Geary has", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01789-00542715-00542910": "proposed an approach that deems", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01790-00542911-00543197": "non-human animals worthy of prima facie", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01791-00543198-00543593": "rights in a philosophical context a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01792-00543594-00543968": "prima facie Latin for on the face of it", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01793-00543969-00544433": "or at first glance right as one that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01794-00544434-00544673": "appears to be applicable at first glance", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01795-00544674-00544941": "but upon closer examination may be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01796-00544942-00545218": "outweighed by other considerations in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01797-00545219-00545519": "his book ethics a pluralistic approach", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01798-00545520-00545791": "to moral theory Lorenz Hinman", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01799-00545792-00546081": "characterizes such rights as the right", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01800-00546082-00546381": "as real but leaves open the question of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01801-00546382-00546654": "whether it is applicable and overriding", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01802-00546655-00546968": "in a particular situation", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01803-00546969-00547256": "the idea that non-human animals are", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01804-00547257-00547532": "worthy of prima facie rights as to say", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01805-00547533-00547846": "that in a sense animals do have rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01806-00547847-00548141": "however these rights can be overridden", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01807-00548142-00548366": "by many other considerations", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01808-00548367-00548615": "especially those conflicting a human's", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01809-00548616-00548906": "right to life liberty property and the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01810-00548907-00549263": "pursuit of happiness gary supports his", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01811-00549264-00549533": "view arguing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01812-00549534-00549770": "if a nonhuman animal were to kill a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01813-00549771-00550012": "human being in the US it would have", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01814-00550013-00550222": "broken the laws of the land and would", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01815-00550223-00550460": "probably get rougher sanctions than if", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01816-00550461-00550757": "it were a human my point is that like", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01817-00550758-00551024": "laws govern all who interact within a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01818-00551025-00551266": "society rights are to be applied to all", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01819-00551267-00551557": "beings who interact within that society", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01820-00551558-00551837": "this is not to say these rights endowed", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01821-00551838-00552110": "by humans are equivalent to those held", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01822-00552111-00552389": "by non-human animals but rather that if", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01823-00552390-00552662": "humans possess rights then so must all", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01824-00552663-00553043": "those who interact with humans in some", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01825-00553044-00553291": "Garre suggests that humans have", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01826-00553292-00553576": "obligations to non-human animals however", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01827-00553577-00553945": "animals do not and ought not to have", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01828-00553946-00554614": "unenforced", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01829-00554615-00555285": "topic feminism and animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01830-00555286-00555510": "women have played a central role in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01831-00555511-00555869": "animal advocacy since the 19th century", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01832-00555870-00556176": "the anti-vivisection movement in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01833-00556177-00556467": "19th and early 20th century in England", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01834-00556468-00556764": "and the United States was largely run by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01835-00556765-00557067": "women including Frances power cop Anna", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01836-00557068-00557373": "Kingsford Lizzie Lynde AF hag abhi and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01837-00557374-00557937": "Caroline Earl white 1833 to 1916 Garner", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01838-00557938-00558240": "writes that 70% of the membership of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01839-00558241-00558477": "Victoria Street society one of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01840-00558478-00558789": "anti-vivisection groups founded by cop", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01841-00558790-00559113": "were women as were 70% of the membership", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01842-00559114-00559542": "of the British RSPCA in 1900 the modern", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01843-00559543-00559820": "animal advocacy movement has a similar", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01844-00559821-00560072": "representation of women though Garner", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01845-00560073-00560391": "2005 writes that they are not invariably", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01846-00560392-00560652": "in leadership positions during the March", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01847-00560653-00561126": "for animals in Washington DC in 1990 the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01848-00561127-00561402": "largest animal rights demonstration held", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01849-00561403-00561732": "until then in the United States most of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01850-00561733-00561984": "the participants were women but most of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01851-00561985-00562220": "the platform speakers were men", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01852-00562221-00562578": "nevertheless several influential animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01853-00562579-00562800": "advocacy groups have been founded by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01854-00562801-00563067": "women including the British Union for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01855-00563068-00563334": "the abolition of vivisection by cob in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01856-00563335-00563685": "London in 1898 the Animal Welfare Board", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01857-00563686-00563937": "of India by Rukmini Devi Arundale", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01858-00563938-00564231": "in 1962 and People for the Ethical", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01859-00564232-00564522": "Treatment of Animals co-founded by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01860-00564523-00564843": "Ingrid Newkirk in 1980 in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01861-00564844-00565113": "Netherlands Marianne Thieme and Esther", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01862-00565114-00565449": "ohand were elected to Parliament in 2006", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01863-00565450-00565704": "representing the parliamentary group for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01864-00565705-00565884": "animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01865-00565885-00566082": "the preponderance of women in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01866-00566083-00566352": "movement has led to a body of academic", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01867-00566353-00566640": "literature exploring feminism and animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01868-00566641-00566934": "rights feminism and vegetarianism or", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01869-00566935-00567177": "veganism the oppression of women and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01870-00567178-00567423": "animals and the male association of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01871-00567424-00567639": "women and animals with nature and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01872-00567640-00567911": "emotion rather than reason an", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01873-00567912-00568146": "association that several feminist", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01874-00568147-00568458": "writers have embraced Laurie Gruen", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01875-00568459-00568704": "writes that women and animals serve the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01876-00568705-00568980": "same symbolic function in a patriarchal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01877-00568981-00569418": "society both are the yeast the dominated", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01878-00569419-00569745": "submissive other when the British", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01879-00569746-00570173": "feminist Mary Wollstonecraft 1759 to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01880-00570174-00570483": "1797 published a vindication of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01881-00570484-00571011": "Rights of Woman 1792 Thomas Taylor 1758", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01882-00571012-00571446": "- 1835 a Cambridge philosopher responded", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01883-00571447-00571662": "with an anonymous parody a vindication", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01884-00571663-00572061": "of the rights of brutes 1792 claiming", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01885-00572062-00572283": "that Wollstonecraft's arguments for", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01886-00572284-00572490": "women's rights could be applied equally", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01887-00572491-00572757": "to animals a position he intended as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01888-00572758-00573423": "reductio ad absurdum", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01889-00573424-00574002": "topic transhumanism", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01890-00574003-00574293": "some transhumanists argue for animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01891-00574294-00574716": "rights liberation and uplift of animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01892-00574717-00574958": "consciousness into machines", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01893-00574959-00575275": "transhumanism also understands animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01894-00575276-00575520": "rights on a gradation or spectrum with", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01895-00575521-00575770": "other types of sentient rights including", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01896-00575771-00575997": "human rights and the rights of conscious", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01897-00575998-00576256": "artificial intelligences post human", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01898-00576257-00576815": "rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01899-00576816-00577333": "topic critics", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01900-00577334-00577641": "you", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01901-00577642-00578214": "topic RG fray", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01902-00578215-00578554": "RG Frei professor of philosophy at", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01903-00578555-00578820": "Bowling Green State University is a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01904-00578821-00579141": "preference utilitarian as a singer but", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01905-00579142-00579366": "reaches a very different conclusion", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01906-00579367-00579666": "arguing in interests and rights 1980", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01907-00579667-00579918": "that animals have no interests for the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01908-00579919-00580266": "utilitarian to take into account fray", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01909-00580267-00580510": "argues that interests are dependent on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01910-00580511-00580783": "desire and that no desire can exist", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01911-00580784-00581125": "without a corresponding belief animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01912-00581126-00581380": "have no beliefs because a belief state", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01913-00581381-00581647": "requires the ability to hold a second", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01914-00581648-00581931": "order belief a belief about the belief", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01915-00581932-00582243": "which he argues requires language if", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01916-00582244-00582568": "someone were to say eg the cat believes", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01917-00582569-00582820": "that the door is locked then that person", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01918-00582821-00583047": "is holding as I see it that the cat", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01919-00583048-00583291": "holds the declarative sentence the door", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01920-00583292-00583549": "is locked to be true and I can see no", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01921-00583550-00583801": "reason whatever for crediting the cat or", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01922-00583802-00584043": "any other creature which lacks language", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01923-00584044-00584247": "including human infants with", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01924-00584248-00584958": "entertaining declarative sentences", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01925-00584959-00585485": "topic Karl Cohen", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01926-00585486-00585800": "carl cohen professor of philosophy at", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01927-00585801-00586052": "the university of michigan argues that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01928-00586053-00586274": "rightsholders must be able to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01929-00586275-00586502": "distinguish between their own interests", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01930-00586503-00586760": "and what is right the holders of rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01931-00586761-00587048": "must have the capacity to comprehend", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01932-00587049-00587357": "rules of duty governing all including", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01933-00587358-00587962": "themselves in applying such rules they", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01934-00587963-00588271": "must recognize possible conflicts", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01935-00588272-00588499": "between what is in their own interest", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01936-00588500-00588883": "and what is just only in a community of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01937-00588884-00589222": "beings capable of self restricting moral", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01938-00589223-00589507": "judgments can the concept of a right be", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01939-00589508-00589743": "correctly invoked", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01940-00589744-00590052": "Koen rejects singers argument that since", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01941-00590053-00590280": "a brain-damaged human could not make", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01942-00590281-00590562": "moral judgments moral judgments cannot", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01943-00590563-00590748": "be used as the distinguishing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01944-00590749-00590967": "characteristic for determining who is", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01945-00590968-00591306": "awarded rights cohen writes that the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01946-00591307-00591639": "test for moral judgment is not a test to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01947-00591640-00592037": "be administered to humans one by one", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01948-00592038-00592272": "but should be applied to the capacity of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01949-00592273-00592989": "members of the species in general", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01950-00592990-00593536": "topic Richard Posner", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01951-00593537-00593815": "Judge Richard Posner of the United", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01952-00593816-00594046": "States Court of Appeals for the Seventh", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01953-00594047-00594283": "Circuit debated the issue of animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01954-00594284-00594727": "rights in 2001 with Peter Singer Posner", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01955-00594728-00594977": "posits that his moral intuition tells", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01956-00594978-00595256": "him that human beings prefer their own", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01957-00595257-00595660": "if a dog threatens a human infant even", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01958-00595661-00595948": "if it requires causing more pain to the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01959-00595949-00596188": "dog to stop it than the dog would have", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01960-00596189-00596450": "caused to the infant then we favor the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01961-00596451-00596836": "child it would be monstrous to spare the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01962-00596837-00597169": "dog singer challenges this by arguing", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01963-00597170-00597439": "that formerly unequal rights for gays", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01964-00597440-00597745": "women and certain races were justified", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01965-00597746-00598129": "using the same set of intuitions Posner", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01966-00598130-00598384": "replies that equality and civil rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01967-00598385-00598600": "did not occur because of ethical", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01968-00598601-00598852": "arguments but because facts mounted that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01969-00598853-00599047": "there were no morally significant", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01970-00599048-00599317": "differences between humans based on race", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01971-00599318-00599633": "sex or sexual orientation that would", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01972-00599634-00599983": "support inequality if and when similar", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01973-00599984-00600214": "facts emerge about humans and animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01974-00600215-00600537": "the differences in rights will erode too", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01975-00600538-00600859": "but facts will drive equality not", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01976-00600860-00601129": "ethical arguments that run contrary to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01977-00601130-00601510": "instinct he argues Posner calls his", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01978-00601511-00601979": "approach soft utilitarianism in contrast", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01979-00601980-00602604": "to singers hard utilitarianism he argues", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01980-00602605-00603018": "soft utilitarian position on animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01981-00603019-00603249": "rights as a moral intuition of many", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01982-00603250-00603657": "probably most Americans we realize that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01983-00603658-00603930": "animals feel pain and we think that to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01984-00603931-00604214": "inflict pain without a reason as bad", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01985-00604215-00604551": "nothing of practical value is added by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01986-00604552-00604752": "dressing up this intuition in the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01987-00604753-00605031": "language of philosophy much is lost when", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01988-00605032-00605250": "the intuition has made a stage in a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01989-00605251-00605598": "logical argument when kindness toward", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01990-00605599-00605829": "animals is levered into a duty of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01991-00605830-00606036": "waiting the pains of animals and of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01992-00606037-00606321": "people equally bizarre vistas of social", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01993-00606322-00606654": "engineering are opened up", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01994-00606655-00606968": "you", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01995-00606969-00607685": "topic Roger Scruton Roger Scruton the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01996-00607686-00607940": "British philosopher argues that rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01997-00607941-00608327": "imply obligations every legal privilege", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01998-00608328-00608606": "he rights imposes a burden on the one", "zw9gIjk8XGg-01999-00608607-00608846": "who does not possess that privilege that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02000-00608847-00609269": "us your right may be my duty Scruton", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02001-00609270-00609515": "therefore regards the emergence of the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02002-00609516-00609821": "animal rights movement as the strangest", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02003-00609822-00610052": "cultural shift within the liberal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02004-00610053-00610423": "worldview because the idea of rights and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02005-00610424-00610637": "responsibilities as he argues", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02006-00610638-00610871": "distinctive to the human condition and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02007-00610872-00611117": "it makes no sense to spread them beyond", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02008-00611118-00611408": "our own species he accuses animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02009-00611409-00611761": "advocates of pre-scientific", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02010-00611762-00612014": "anthropomorphism attributing traits to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02011-00612015-00612296": "animals that are he says Beatrix Potter", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02012-00612297-00612701": "like where only man as vile it is within", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02013-00612702-00612938": "this fiction that the appeal of animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02014-00612939-00613292": "rights lies he argues the world of", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02015-00613293-00613547": "animals as non-judgmental filled with", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02016-00613548-00613829": "dogs who return our affection almost no", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02017-00613830-00614072": "matter what we do to them and cats who", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02018-00614073-00614312": "pretend to be affectionate when in fact", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02019-00614313-00614693": "they care only about themselves it is he", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02020-00614694-00614981": "argues a fantasy a world of escape", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02021-00614982-00615314": "scrutiny out Peter Singer a prominent", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02022-00615315-00615575": "Australian philosopher and animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02023-00615576-00615923": "activist for criticism he wrote that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02024-00615924-00616139": "Singers works including Animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02025-00616140-00616372": "Liberation contain little or no", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02026-00616373-00616688": "philosophical argument they derive their", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02027-00616689-00617011": "radical moral conclusions from a vacuous", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02028-00617012-00617264": "utilitarianism that counts the pain and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02029-00617265-00617519": "pleasure of all living things as equally", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02030-00617520-00617765": "significant and that ignores just about", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02031-00617766-00617986": "everything that has been said in our", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02032-00617987-00618221": "philosophical tradition about the real", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02033-00618222-00618664": "distinction between persons and animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02034-00618665-00619031": "you", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02035-00619032-00619394": "topic continuity between humans and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02036-00619395-00619938": "non-human animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02037-00619939-00620178": "evolutionary studies have provided", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02038-00620179-00620476": "explanations of altruistic behaviors in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02039-00620477-00620773": "humans and non-human animals and suggest", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02040-00620774-00621028": "similarities between humans and some", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02041-00621029-00621376": "nonhumans scientists such as Jane", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02042-00621377-00621634": "Goodall and Richard Dawkins believe in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02043-00621635-00621868": "the capacity of non-human great apes", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02044-00621869-00622150": "humans closest relatives to possess", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02045-00622151-00622477": "rationality and self-awareness in 2010", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02046-00622478-00622786": "research led by psychologist Diana Reiss", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02047-00622787-00623029": "and zoologist Laurie merino was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02048-00623030-00623299": "presented to a conference in San Diego", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02049-00623300-00623557": "suggesting that dolphins are second in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02050-00623558-00623809": "intelligence only to human beings and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02051-00623810-00623986": "concluded that they should be regarded", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02052-00623987-00624433": "as non-human persons merino used MRI", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02053-00624434-00624727": "scans to compare the dolphin and primate", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02054-00624728-00625018": "brain she said the scans indicated there", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02055-00625019-00625387": "was psychological continuity between", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02056-00625388-00625705": "dolphins and humans rhesus research", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02057-00625706-00625942": "suggested that dolphins are able to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02058-00625943-00626257": "solve complex problems use tools and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02059-00626258-00626542": "pass the mirror test using a mirror to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02060-00626543-00626791": "inspect parts of their bodies studies", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02061-00626792-00626970": "have established links between", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02062-00626971-00627202": "interpersonal violence and animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02063-00627203-00627463": "cruelty in Christian theology the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02064-00627464-00627694": "founder of the Methodist movement John", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02065-00627695-00627973": "Wesley was a Christian vegetarian and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02066-00627974-00628204": "maintained that animals had immortal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02067-00628205-00628398": "souls and that there were considerable", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02068-00628399-00628642": "similarities between human and non-human", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02069-00628643-00629287": "animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02070-00629288-00629905": "topic public attitudes", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02071-00629906-00630244": "according to a paper published in 2000", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02072-00630245-00630481": "by Harold Hertzog and Lorna door", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02073-00630482-00630778": "previous academic surveys of attitudes", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02074-00630779-00631018": "towards animal rights have tended to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02075-00631019-00631291": "suffer from small sample sizes and non", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02076-00631292-00631666": "representative groups however a number", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02077-00631667-00631879": "of factors appeared to correlate with", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02078-00631880-00632128": "the attitude of individuals regarding", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02079-00632129-00632341": "the treatment of animals and animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02080-00632342-00632406": "rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02081-00632407-00632769": "these include gender age occupation", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02082-00632770-00633154": "religion and level of education there", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02083-00633155-00633415": "has also been evidence to suggest that", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02084-00633416-00633685": "prior experience with companion animals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02085-00633686-00633906": "may be a factor in people's attitudes", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02086-00633907-00634177": "women are more likely to empathize with", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02087-00634178-00634566": "the cause of animal rights than men a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02088-00634567-00634888": "1996 study of adolescents by Linda", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02089-00634889-00635155": "Peiffer suggested that factors that may", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02090-00635156-00635356": "partially explain this discrepancy", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02091-00635357-00635665": "include attitudes towards feminism and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02092-00635666-00635944": "science scientific literacy and the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02093-00635945-00636168": "presence of a greater emphasis on", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02094-00636169-00636576": "nurturance or compassion among women a", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02095-00636577-00636898": "2007 survey to examine whether or not", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02096-00636899-00637138": "people who believed in evolution were", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02097-00637139-00637363": "more likely to support animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02098-00637364-00637597": "than creationists and believers in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02099-00637598-00637846": "intelligent design found that this was", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02100-00637847-00638056": "largely the case according to the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02101-00638057-00638254": "researchers the respondents who were", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02102-00638255-00638506": "strong Christian fundamentalists and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02103-00638507-00638734": "believers in creationism were less", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02104-00638735-00638962": "likely to advocate for animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02105-00638963-00639199": "than those who were less fundamentalist", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02106-00639200-00639535": "in their beliefs the findings extended", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02107-00639536-00639868": "previous research such as a 1992 study", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02108-00639869-00640228": "which found that 48% of animal rights", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02109-00640229-00640537": "activists were atheists or agnostic two", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02110-00640538-00640783": "surveys found that attitudes towards", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02111-00640784-00641053": "animal rights tactics such as direct", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02112-00641054-00641293": "action are very diverse within the", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02113-00641294-00641662": "animal rights communities near half 50%", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02114-00641663-00642103": "and 39% in two surveys of activists do", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02115-00642104-00642469": "not support direct action one survey", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02116-00642470-00642673": "concluded it would be a mistake to", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02117-00642674-00642928": "portray animal rights activists as", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02118-00642929-00643560": "homogeneous", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02119-00643561-00643905": "topic animal welfare and rights by", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02120-00643906-00644683": "country", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02121-00644684-00645252": "topic summary table", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02122-00645253-00645585": "you", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02123-00645586-00646208": "topic individual countries", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02124-00646209-00646576": "animal welfare and rights in Brazil", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02125-00646577-00646942": "animal welfare and rights in China", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02126-00646943-00647366": "animal rights in Colombia animal welfare", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02127-00647367-00647789": "in Egypt animal welfare and rights in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02128-00647790-00647931": "India", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02129-00647932-00648318": "animal rights in Italy animal welfare", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02130-00648319-00648738": "and rights in Israel animal welfare and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02131-00648739-00649113": "rights in Japan animal welfare and", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02132-00649114-00649515": "rights in Malaysia animal welfare in New", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02133-00649516-00649884": "Zealand animal welfare and rights in", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02134-00649885-00650066": "South Korea", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02135-00650067-00650475": "animal welfare in Thailand animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02136-00650476-00650850": "welfare in the United Kingdom animal", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02137-00650851-00651222": "welfare in the United States equals", "zw9gIjk8XGg-02138-00651223-00651531": "equals see also"}}, {"audio_id": "zwpjXdiSU_0", "text": {"zwpjXdiSU_0-00000-00002219-00002540": "welcome again not just to lose myself", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00001-00002541-00003660": "also two new stations over a year end", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00002-00003661-00004022": "but it's me to numeration that this", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00003-00004023-00004610": "evening for the first part of our debate", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00004-00004611-00005122": "event pass over to my colleague George", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00005-00005123-00005528": "koalas in resent you will correct the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00006-00005529-00005728": "Senate March", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00007-00005729-00006203": "well it's welcome from all the way over", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00008-00006204-00006545": "here and yes", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00009-00006547-00006834": "you all know austerity budget or that", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00010-00006834-00007178": "what is what we are going to discuss our", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00011-00007179-00007559": "debate today topic which it is or has", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00012-00007561-00007962": "become well more up-to-date recently", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00013-00007963-00008360": "when the government decided with those", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00014-00008361-00008658": "broadcast stations to save more money", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00015-00008659-00009387": "and so another point that the topic is", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00016-00009388-00009956": "very actual and discuss so it's", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00017-00009957-00010329": "just me to give you a small introduction", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00018-00010330-00010644": "what will happen today we got four", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00019-00010645-00010983": "speakers and we will have like an hour", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00020-00010984-00011481": "hour and a half more or less and yeah we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00021-00011482-00011780": "will have postpositions meaning", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00022-00011781-00012114": "austerity virtue and austerity don't", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00023-00012115-00012558": "fall on both sides so we got two German", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00024-00012559-00012885": "treatments consider here and I will", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00025-00012886-00013122": "reduce them later and we have two", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00026-00013122-00013472": "speakers in Greece as well and about", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00027-00013473-00013938": "taking the whole discussion", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00028-00013940-00036034": "over here yeah", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00029-00036035-00036883": "our", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00030-00036884-00052372": "Oh", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00031-00052373-00052697": "and this is this would be one of many", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00032-00052698-00052901": "debates where we get to know one another", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00033-00052902-00053167": "using solving problems getting people", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00034-00053169-00053984": "different learners together and forcing", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00035-00053985-00054254": "people to and they can actually make", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00036-00054254-00054538": "incisions parties history for discovered", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00037-00054539-00054770": "Hospital corners thank you very much", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00038-00054771-00054944": "once again we're coming I'm like Kristen", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00039-00054945-00055295": "I deepest gratitude to make a walk which", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00040-00055296-00055546": "in addition it's my student discipline", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00041-00055547-00055835": "beautiful common address and other than", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00042-00055836-00056098": "babies I appreciate that these women are", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00043-00056099-00057766": "giving us this wonderful benefit explain", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00044-00057766-00058082": "the rules each of you each of our", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00045-00058083-00058429": "speakers has only six minutes minutes to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00046-00058430-00058694": "develop their arguments their statements", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00047-00058695-00059207": "throw contra austerity after we've heard", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00048-00059208-00059825": "of those speakers we will watch some", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00049-00059826-00060173": "other segments we will link to us by", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00050-00060174-00060472": "video and of course M", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00051-00060473-00060811": "we will we are going to get into contact", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00052-00060812-00061065": "and in transaction of course there's a", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00053-00061066-00061357": "sometimes of space for questions from", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00054-00061358-00061438": "the audience", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00055-00061439-00061774": "and yet you can just put another", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00056-00061775-00062161": "question to whatever you want to of our", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00057-00062162-00062557": "speakers so well I assume we should", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00058-00062558-00063115": "start with our first which is custom", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00059-00063116-00063565": "events I'd like to use Heston ovens is", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00060-00063566-00063891": "of state chairman of think about human", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00061-00063892-00064314": "which is the use organization of the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00062-00064315-00064945": "Union and the Christian social Union he", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00063-00064946-00065479": "has joined us three and custom has", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00064-00065479-00065782": "studied Business Administration in", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00065-00065783-00066145": "Hamburg and in Sydney is so he's got an", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00066-00066146-00066343": "international context and he has worked", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00067-00066344-00066583": "for more than five years I think", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00068-00066584-00067117": "business consulting area in several", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00069-00067118-00067309": "international and especially European", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00070-00067310-00067822": "companies and of course yes Don Nelson", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00071-00067823-00068077": "research she's working at a university", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00072-00068078-00068383": "lecturer right now and this engaged in", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00073-00068384-00068625": "several economic and political", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00074-00068626-00068950": "organizations so he has a wide", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00075-00068951-00069334": "experience concerning reality and theory", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00076-00069335-00069846": "of European Economic Development and so", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00077-00069847-00070170": "he's going to be the first proposition", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00078-00070171-00070518": "speaker and so he will tell us why", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00079-00070519-00070870": "austerity is virtue and so I guess over", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00080-00070871-00071686": "to you custom and thank you very much", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00081-00071687-00071934": "principal for this warm introduction and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00082-00071935-00072190": "yes it's pleasure of being here today", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00083-00072191-00072484": "small school about the very first time", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00084-00072485-00072586": "that first time that I'm speaking", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00085-00072587-00072892": "English so a new experience for myself", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00086-00072893-00073150": "as well and one world governments well", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00087-00073151-00073454": "they're all friends in Greece so happy", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00088-00073455-00073704": "well have this discussion today anything", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00089-00073705-00073901": "is a great opportunity for all of us so", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00090-00073902-00074130": "things at the very end of course to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00091-00074131-00074400": "these two organizations constricting an", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00092-00074401-00074631": "idea for saying at this event and giving", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00093-00074632-00074861": "us all this opportunity to discuss", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00094-00074862-00075222": "austerity austerity is a necessity for", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00095-00075223-00075525": "economic growth Stephanie is what we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00096-00075526-00075768": "should on the other hand better follow", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00097-00075769-00075982": "the process of possible of consolidation", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00098-00075983-00076281": "last night Chancellor Merkel and Berlin", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00099-00076282-00076434": "just made that very clear", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00100-00076435-00076713": "because what means austerity actually", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00101-00076714-00077055": "she pointed out like three years in the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00102-00077056-00077298": "past that she wasn't clear what this", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00103-00077299-00077499": "word actually means so talking about", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00104-00077500-00077700": "household transportation this makes it", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00105-00077701-00077913": "quite easier to understand what we are", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00106-00077914-00078182": "talking about and it doesn't sound that", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00107-00078183-00078459": "negative or maybe even threatening if", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00108-00078460-00078603": "we're not talking about charity", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00109-00078604-00078951": "this new word but rather about household", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00110-00078952-00079170": "transportation so this process of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00111-00079171-00079413": "combination of national households is", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00112-00079414-00079647": "actually an absolute Commission for", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00113-00079648-00079911": "sustainable economic growth a commission", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00114-00079912-00080057": "to protect the wealth of our nation's", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00115-00080058-00080379": "and the conditioning to protection as", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00116-00080380-00080723": "well and for these wells for the future", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00117-00080724-00081123": "country generations so um s/m we need", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00118-00081124-00081336": "household consideration in order to keep", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00119-00081337-00081546": "the flexibility of governments because", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00120-00081547-00081774": "if we take the city of Hamburg as an", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00121-00081775-00082065": "example just about 10% of the annual", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00122-00082066-00082269": "budget is just to cover the interest", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00123-00082270-00082392": "rates of our debts", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00124-00082393-00082773": "so this 10% reduce this money to find", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00125-00082774-00083151": "infrastructure to finance kindergarden", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00126-00083152-00083451": "schools or universities or just the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00127-00083452-00083709": "planet our social systems so a smart", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00128-00083710-00083928": "government should act like everyone else", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00129-00083929-00084075": "would be city of Hamburg has to pay", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00130-00084076-00084396": "roughly 10% of the annual budget just to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00131-00084397-00084543": "cover the interest rates for the deaths", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00132-00084544-00084771": "the city made over the last couple of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00133-00084772-00085032": "decades so this 10% we could use to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00134-00085033-00085242": "climate infrastructure to build schools", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00135-00085243-00085542": "kindergartens or universities and of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00136-00085543-00085812": "course defines our social systems so a", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00137-00085813-00085962": "smart government shouldn't actually be", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00138-00085963-00086137": "able checked like everyone", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00139-00086138-00086497": "in good times you save some money and in", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00140-00086498-00086828": "12 at times use healthy mix for savings", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00141-00086829-00087118": "schibetta works territory which seems to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00142-00087119-00087274": "be quite critical if nobody really knows", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00143-00087275-00087541": "what it actually means you Chancellor", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00144-00087542-00087718": "Magdala pointed out just yesterday", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00145-00087719-00087910": "evening in Berlin so we should rather", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00146-00087911-00088192": "talk about household transportation so", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00147-00088193-00088472": "talk about muscle consultation and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00148-00088473-00088732": "having said that this is a was all", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00149-00088733-00089179": "things measures even the men to be gives", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00150-00089180-00097699": "too much maybe too much but the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00151-00097700-00097930": "government nonetheless could not", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00152-00097931-00099040": "capitalize so why today", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00153-00099041-00099316": "please listen but today we know that at", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00154-00099317-00099580": "the beginning of the Euro reached", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00155-00099581-00099739": "anarchy not meeting the congregants", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00156-00099740-00100174": "bacteria in 2000 in 1999 and it should", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00157-00100175-00100348": "have not mean allowed in a better first", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00158-00100349-00100774": "time to join the expense of household", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00159-00100775-00101011": "economic policy rising wages and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00160-00101012-00101326": "increase in state finance jobs and a lot", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00161-00101327-00101674": "10% what we know today the country", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00162-00101675-00101890": "strokes are actually state paid jobs and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00163-00101891-00102094": "some other problems increased the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00164-00102095-00102246": "structural crisis in Greece", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00165-00102247-00102541": "however deception in particular is", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00166-00102542-00102759": "Kurban it is not honestly blaming", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00167-00102760-00103042": "anybody either a whole country nor its", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00168-00103043-00103399": "politicians or any other ones in Greece", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00169-00103400-00103630": "for not acting much earlier we didn't do", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00170-00103631-00103867": "anything before in the growth helping", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00171-00103868-00104074": "the company and seeing that we actually", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00172-00104075-00104385": "have a structural problem however asset", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00173-00104386-00104653": "we need to analyze the facts and we need", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00174-00104654-00104920": "to make sure two important things the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00175-00104921-00105202": "first one how can we stabilize our", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00176-00105203-00105472": "economy to groups in situation in people", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00177-00105473-00105772": "and the second point how can we ensure", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00178-00105773-00106093": "this evasion so hard for whole countries", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00179-00106094-00106363": "people like me faces these days in", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00180-00106364-00106552": "Greece is never ever happening again", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00181-00106553-00106683": "even in Greece", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00182-00106684-00107041": "Lauren Wells in Europe since 2010 the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00183-00107042-00107233": "Greek government has made some very very", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00184-00107233-00107464": "remarkable response and progress to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00185-00107465-00107698": "agree the structural challenges unlike", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00186-00107699-00107871": "the country and this directly affects", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00187-00107872-00108186": "people getting paid less or even losing", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00188-00108188-00108379": "the jobs of course in a vicious circle", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00189-00108380-00108742": "people are then spending less thus small", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00190-00108743-00108891": "businesses like restaurants supermarkets", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00191-00108892-00109068": "or anything else", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00192-00109069-00109444": "Aramis in themselves spend less money so", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00193-00109445-00109615": "we have a visual took a vicious circle", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00194-00109616-00110089": "today and the government in Greece in", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00195-00110090-00110361": "Athens as well in bristles and develop", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00196-00110363-00110563": "our thinking and trying to find options", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00197-00110564-00110811": "what we can actually do it's totally", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00198-00110813-00110968": "understandable that people are", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00199-00110969-00111225": "protesting against the reforms on", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00200-00111226-00111508": "completely these things and Germans will", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00201-00111508-00111894": "probably give the same so such reforms", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00202-00111895-00112068": "undertaking at such a show", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00203-00112069-00112344": "period appliances so luckily we have set", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00204-00112345-00112524": "the political agenda one ten years ago", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00205-00112525-00112800": "so that by today we are in the continent", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00206-00112801-00113022": "situation of not having this", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00207-00113023-00113229": "circumstance and having therefore a", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00208-00113230-00113376": "strong economy without massive", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00209-00113377-00113670": "employment therefore with respect and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00210-00113671-00113868": "with dignity we should support the Greek", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00211-00113869-00114150": "reforms looking at crystal perspective", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00212-00114151-00114363": "it is expected that the country will end", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00213-00114364-00114681": "this year with budget surplus 2% of the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00214-00114682-00114986": "GDP the great success in the tip life", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00215-00114988-00115241": "compared with a budget deficit of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00216-00115242-00115731": "roughly 15% in 2009 the unit labor costs", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00217-00115732-00115947": "are decreasing confidence and degree", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00218-00115948-00116274": "economy is actually returned so in the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00219-00116275-00116445": "future the Greek government should", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00220-00116446-00116630": "continuous its structural reforms", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00221-00116631-00116940": "privatize state-owned companies fight", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00222-00116941-00117222": "corruption and black markets further the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00223-00117223-00117375": "government should attract new businesses", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00224-00117376-00117699": "to Greece the energy sector the tourism", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00225-00117700-00117996": "sector and education sector do a lot of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00226-00117997-00118254": "potential reform and along with the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00227-00118255-00118460": "reduction of national debt the Greece", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00228-00118461-00118634": "government the Greek government ships", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00229-00118635-00119100": "then we gain flexibility to act an asset", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00230-00119101-00119355": "as the beginning austerity so meaning", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00231-00119356-00119595": "household consolidation is a necessity", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00232-00119596-00119868": "for economic growth we need to keep the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00233-00119869-00120327": "flexibility of the stage the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00234-00120328-00120528": "government's and Germany in this", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00235-00120529-00120720": "particular case should support these", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00236-00120721-00120954": "efforts in the print and is very close", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00237-00120955-00121326": "apart okay I hope on you can if you", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00238-00121327-00134179": "understand please", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00239-00134180-00135059": "well white experience too now if our", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00240-00135060-00135449": "statements why", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00241-00135450-00159637": "and this connection", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00242-00159638-00160676": "they serious what me is there is no", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00243-00160677-00173822": "space", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00244-00173823-00194964": "No", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00245-00194965-00195283": "it is the only way to produce the money", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00246-00195284-00196249": "without the engine it is so in terms of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00247-00196250-00197065": "economy is viable in a free market", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00248-00197066-00197776": "system a country needs to survive - so", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00249-00197777-00206710": "in the comments I mean", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00250-00206711-00207013": "the televisions become she died restore", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00251-00207014-00207284": "response to gain the ability to protect", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00252-00207285-00207591": "it to the national interest to not", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00253-00207592-00207916": "guarantee and of course dynamic presence", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00254-00207917-00208444": "maybe to just fix money if you stop", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00255-00208446-00208775": "pouring money then you are not a", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00256-00208776-00209054": "technicality to foreign powers survive", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00257-00209055-00209279": "you can create your own foreign policy", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00258-00209280-00209494": "without caring what your language", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00259-00209496-00209840": "suggests all team and now the energy the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00260-00209841-00210092": "serious fiscal problems and the Saudi", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00261-00210092-00210341": "foreign motivations to survive in the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00262-00210342-00210551": "National Environment of multi-method", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00263-00210552-00210921": "that is without a mixture of 30 points", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00264-00210923-00223329": "austerity is a game", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00265-00223330-00223759": "yeah thank you very much ladies just", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00266-00223760-00224044": "know that if we start on tell you on", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00267-00224044-00224305": "what I agree which is that indeed we in", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00268-00224306-00224360": "the West", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00269-00224361-00224582": "a problem with too much debt in our", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00270-00224583-00224819": "countries and that's yes that we do have", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00271-00224819-00225089": "to tackle and attack that the debt", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00272-00225090-00225263": "crisis and have to get to the very grid", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00273-00225264-00225527": "of it the issue we are talking about", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00274-00225528-00225809": "however isn't how we are going to fix it", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00275-00225810-00226007": "and by what means especially the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00276-00226008-00226280": "countries in southern Europe should go", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00277-00226281-00226544": "about it so since the motion we are", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00278-00226544-00226948": "talking about today not right so since", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00279-00226950-00227140": "the motion we are talking about today is", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00280-00227141-00227444": "whether austerity austerity is a virtue", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00281-00227444-00227807": "our downfall I would use my like to use", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00282-00227808-00228008": "my time as well to tell me why I think", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00283-00228009-00228302": "that the pure approach of whistle", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00284-00228303-00228602": "entrenchment of austerity is wrong for", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00285-00228603-00228844": "economic reasons for political reasons", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00286-00228846-00229259": "and for moral reasons as well now I am", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00287-00229260-00229604": "NOT demonizing austerity in general even", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00288-00229605-00229892": "the most spending addictive can't eNOS", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00289-00229892-00230210": "will agree that in terms of growth and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00290-00230211-00230444": "economic success the country should", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00291-00230444-00230692": "focus on its budget and it should act", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00292-00230694-00231002": "fiscally sustainable but this is not the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00293-00231003-00231260": "situation we are facing in the moment of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00294-00231261-00231523": "the eurozone proposition proposing", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00295-00231525-00231884": "austerity in a time of recession carries", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00296-00231885-00232055": "the risk of worsening it by", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00297-00232056-00232286": "strangulating the economy for both sides", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00298-00232287-00232531": "the demanding and the supplying side", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00299-00232532-00232811": "what we have experienced in Spain and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00300-00232812-00233084": "Greece so far is that on the demand side", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00301-00233085-00233384": "higher taxes lower wages and huge", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00302-00233385-00233588": "unemployment have smashed the purchasing", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00303-00233589-00233804": "power while on the other hand there is", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00304-00233805-00234116": "no capital to build up the economy since", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00305-00234117-00234413": "even the healthiest businesses cannot", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00306-00234414-00234707": "get any credit or or any investments", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00307-00234708-00234989": "from the financial markets additionally", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00308-00234990-00235250": "because of the weakened economy tax", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00309-00235251-00235444": "revenues go down which forces", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00310-00235446-00235628": "governments to do to cut even more", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00311-00235629-00235841": "spending leading to the vicious circle", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00312-00235842-00236234": "that constants program now I agree that", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00313-00236235-00236444": "there is need for structural reform and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00314-00236444-00236678": "yes we did that in Germany but those", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00315-00236679-00236761": "reforms", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00316-00236762-00236971": "time and they cannot be undertaken", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00317-00236971-00237256": "without compensation for during the time", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00318-00237257-00237567": "they need to work Germany implemented", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00319-00237569-00237819": "these reforms ten years ago and during", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00320-00237821-00238069": "the first years our deficit actually", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00321-00238069-00238327": "went up causing us to receive the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00322-00238328-00238510": "so-called blue letters from Brussels", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00323-00238511-00238732": "which everybody in this room can", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00324-00238733-00239110": "remember it was not until 2007 that", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00325-00239111-00239271": "Germany was in a position to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00326-00239273-00239536": "significantly lower its deficit but", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00327-00239537-00239779": "today indeed Germany is stronger again", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00328-00239780-00240061": "also because of this patience and the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00329-00240062-00240373": "same relaxed approach that I urge us to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00330-00240373-00240546": "show towards the countries in southern", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00331-00240548-00240871": "Europe but austerity is not only", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00332-00240871-00241183": "damaging our economy it is also leading", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00333-00241184-00241408": "people into purity into poverty and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00334-00241409-00241773": "thereby threatening our democracy you", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00335-00241775-00242021": "found one the grades higher than 50%", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00336-00242023-00242346": "wages cut by over 40% and all the other", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00337-00242348-00242590": "harsh effects lead to despair and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00338-00242591-00242812": "hopelessness and at the same point", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00339-00242813-00243034": "people start losing trust in their", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00340-00243035-00243241": "governments and more importantly in", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00341-00243242-00243439": "their government's ability to solve the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00342-00243440-00243736": "actual problem and they also lose trust", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00343-00243737-00243969": "into the whole political system which is", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00344-00243971-00244201": "even more devastating since Spain and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00345-00244202-00244392": "Greece for example have been ruled by", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00346-00244394-00244735": "dictators until the mid 1970s we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00347-00244736-00245005": "experienced the rise of Senatobia we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00348-00245006-00245191": "experienced the rise of nationalism and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00349-00245192-00245461": "the success of many extremist parties", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00350-00245462-00245667": "while at the same point we risk the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00351-00245669-00245938": "disintegration of Europe now I admit", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00352-00245939-00246219": "that a more relaxed approach on debt as", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00353-00246221-00246379": "challenging as well as specially the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00354-00246380-00246523": "so-called creditor countries like", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00355-00246523-00246889": "Germany and yes there is skepticism but", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00356-00246890-00247201": "we must not surrender ourselves and let", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00357-00247202-00247459": "those debates be hijacked by populism", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00358-00247460-00247732": "and stereotypes and there is a chance to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00359-00247733-00247957": "get active even in Germany the vast", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00360-00247958-00248185": "majority still thinks that the EU is a", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00361-00248186-00248389": "good idea and that we should stick with", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00362-00248390-00248662": "the euro and that is because people know", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00363-00248663-00248950": "that more European integration is needed", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00364-00248951-00249210": "to maintain our global role in the world", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00365-00249211-00249481": "which is becoming more and more like", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00366-00249482-00249681": "over again with the same", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00367-00249682-00250089": "the second superpower what I'm saying is", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00368-00250090-00250224": "destabilize", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00369-00250225-00250492": "one part of our continent and who will", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00370-00250492-00250833": "weaken Europe as a whole finally let me", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00371-00250834-00250983": "look at the biggest victims and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00372-00250984-00251223": "therefore at the moral approach on", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00373-00251224-00251601": "austerity the youth every historic", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00374-00251602-00251832": "example of austerity has shown us that", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00375-00251833-00252091": "it's most terrible product was a lost", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00376-00252092-00252177": "generation", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00377-00252178-00252453": "I mentioned the over 50% unemployed", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00378-00252454-00252606": "young people and those people aren't", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00379-00252607-00252867": "stupid many of them are highly educated", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00380-00252869-00253098": "and willing to perform but that only", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00381-00253099-00253296": "option is to emigrate and leave their", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00382-00253297-00253516": "country's future alone and what kind of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00383-00253517-00253773": "future is that a lack of infrastructure", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00384-00253774-00254133": "and under finance educational system the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00385-00254134-00254451": "debt industry pretty heavy consequences", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00386-00254452-00254772": "they have to face for mistakes that have", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00387-00254773-00254973": "been made in a time they were not yet", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00388-00254974-00255340": "even born Europe as a whole has an", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00389-00255341-00255528": "obligation to help them and to show", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00390-00255529-00255828": "solidarity but by only forcing their", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00391-00255829-00256092": "countries to practice austerity we are", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00392-00256094-00256269": "letting especially these some people", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00393-00256270-00256890": "down and therefore I think austerity", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00394-00256891-00257151": "hello friends from the Corrado now 15", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00395-00257152-00257346": "congratulations from your initiative on", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00396-00257347-00257416": "today's debate", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00397-00257417-00257718": "my name is Cosentino's Caracas I am the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00398-00257719-00257967": "president of yet the youth of the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00399-00257969-00258159": "European People's Party which is the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00400-00258160-00258408": "largest political youth organization in", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00401-00258409-00258627": "Europe I apologize for not being there", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00402-00258628-00258855": "today with you but it is for a good", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00403-00258856-00258900": "reason", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00404-00258901-00259087": "this week the you council will discuss", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00405-00259088-00259245": "and decide on youth unemployment", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00406-00259246-00259578": "measures we are here with our team doing", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00407-00259579-00259728": "our best to convince that you leaders", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00408-00259729-00259899": "and the members of the European", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00409-00259900-00260058": "Parliament to stand with us our", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00410-00260059-00260334": "proposals for job creation six million", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00411-00260335-00260604": "young jobless in Europe need our help", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00412-00260605-00260868": "and actually what we are doing here", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00413-00260869-00261067": "the problems that we have to face today", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00414-00261067-00261255": "especially as young people is very much", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00415-00261256-00261402": "connected to what you were discussing", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00416-00261403-00261756": "there the fact that the best educated", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00417-00261757-00261960": "generation of all times in the world", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00418-00261961-00262260": "cannot find jobs as a result of a very", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00419-00262261-00262617": "bad policy the policy of massive endless", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00420-00262618-00262891": "irresponsible public spending things in", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00421-00262892-00262981": "the economy", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00422-00262982-00263206": "are much simpler than we think national", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00423-00263207-00263494": "economies say my small families need to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00424-00263495-00263821": "function plan and spend based on the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00425-00263822-00264151": "budget if a family does not do that then", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00426-00264152-00264341": "they will not be able to pay for the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00427-00264342-00264625": "fundamental needs the rent the food the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00428-00264626-00264871": "electricity and if the father decides to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00429-00264872-00265072": "borrow in order to be able to spend more", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00430-00265073-00265303": "than he earns will probably be his child", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00431-00265304-00265495": "and his grandchild that will have to pay", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00432-00265496-00265712": "this is exactly what happens now in", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00433-00265713-00265964": "Europe because of a responsible spending", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00434-00265965-00266278": "of some generations our generation has", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00435-00266279-00266434": "to pay for a problem that we did not", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00436-00266435-00266650": "create because we understand the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00437-00266651-00266857": "responsibility that we have as a", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00438-00266858-00267140": "generation as we know that nothing good", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00439-00267141-00267385": "will come out no result will come out", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00440-00267386-00267610": "from blaming another generation we are", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00441-00267611-00267853": "ready to fix things this is what we hear", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00442-00267854-00268246": "in Brussels these days to fix things we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00443-00268247-00268477": "said to all the leaders that we met that", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00444-00268478-00268667": "we are generation that believes the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00445-00268668-00268967": "ability of Europeans to create to grow", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00446-00268968-00269299": "to prosper we want to rely on our skills", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00447-00269300-00269503": "in other social programs we want to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00448-00269504-00269687": "contribute to the economy", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00449-00269688-00269971": "no rely on its benefits coming from", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00450-00269972-00270196": "taxpayers we want less public spending", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00451-00270197-00270491": "less bureaucracy a smaller state and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00452-00270492-00270796": "lower taxation and we believe that the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00453-00270797-00271037": "road for Europe to growth is certainly", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00454-00271038-00271273": "not an increase in public spending", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00455-00271274-00271672": "today's debts are tomorrow's taxes that", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00456-00271673-00271948": "is why to all the proponents of public", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00457-00271949-00272189": "spending we just want to find a face to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00458-00272190-00272414": "blame for austerity we say that Margaret", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00459-00272415-00272693": "Thatcher once said what thing with", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00460-00272694-00272875": "socialism is that eventually you run out", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00461-00272876-00273169": "of other people's money and this is very", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00462-00273170-00273392": "true so good luck in your debate today", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00463-00273393-00273700": "once again thumbs up for casa Athens an", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00464-00273701-00273968": "idea for organizing the event and thank", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00465-00273969-00274129": "you very much for hosting me on your", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00466-00274130-00274517": "screen today the light there is no doubt", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00467-00274518-00274654": "the district is going to have high", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00468-00274655-00274819": "social and political costs in the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00469-00274820-00275026": "country it effects therefore the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00470-00275027-00275206": "question is whether it is going to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00471-00275207-00275441": "achieve its goals and it whether it is", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00472-00275442-00275620": "the only way to get out out of the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00473-00275621-00275821": "current situation when it comes to the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00474-00275822-00275990": "first question it has to be said that", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00475-00275991-00276191": "the main study which was used to justify", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00476-00276192-00276251": "us to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00477-00276252-00276460": "the one by Reinhard and wrong enough", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00478-00276461-00276704": "that said that debt levels are linked to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00479-00276705-00276896": "slow economic growth has actually been", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00480-00276897-00277142": "recently shown to be incorrect and the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00481-00277143-00277364": "authors themselves said that he never", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00482-00277365-00277547": "claimed that the social economic growth", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00483-00277548-00277802": "is caused by the death levels and some", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00484-00277803-00277973": "follow-up studies such as Bayou that", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00485-00277974-00278279": "indicated that actually the slow", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00486-00278280-00278468": "economic growth contributes to the death", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00487-00278469-00278669": "levels and not the other way around as", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00488-00278670-00278855": "the austerity proponents have been", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00489-00278856-00279098": "suggested moreover in this evidence is", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00490-00279099-00279263": "consistent with evidence from other", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00491-00279264-00279473": "countries United States included but", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00492-00279474-00279722": "have been using funds that have been", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00493-00279723-00279971": "using them on funds to get the economy", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00494-00279972-00280166": "going again and to get the countries out", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00495-00280167-00280433": "of the recessions for me boosting the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00496-00280434-00280694": "confidence of people to spend and invest", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00497-00280695-00280907": "as well as investing in the human", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00498-00280908-00281087": "capital which helps to deal with", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00499-00281088-00281258": "unemployment which is one of the biggest", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00500-00281259-00281447": "problems in the countries affected by", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00501-00281448-00281744": "this charity now in fast arity does not", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00502-00281745-00282005": "only do nothing about the death levels", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00503-00282006-00282248": "but also pushes the countries into very", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00504-00282249-00282440": "session and makes it harder for them to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00505-00282441-00282734": "repay their debts maybe it can still be", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00506-00282735-00283040": "argued that is the only way to go in the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00507-00283041-00283253": "European Union context this usually", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00508-00283254-00283448": "means that the other countries shouldn't", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00509-00283449-00283637": "be paying for the countries in economic", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00510-00283638-00283976": "hardships however if the goal is to get", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00511-00283977-00284144": "those countries to repay their debts", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00512-00284145-00284372": "then by pushing them into recession", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00513-00284373-00284618": "through austerity we are just punishing", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00514-00284619-00284867": "them for no apparent result whatsoever", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00515-00284868-00285125": "and also hurting ourselves in the first", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00516-00285126-00285368": "place - and some people say we still", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00517-00285369-00285566": "have to do that to ensure that the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00518-00285567-00285758": "countries do not accumulate debt again", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00519-00285759-00286034": "however European Union economic and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00520-00286035-00286226": "monetary union has already been", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00521-00286227-00286433": "redesigned to make sure that the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00522-00286434-00286595": "situation like this does not happen", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00523-00286596-00286883": "again which by the way also indicates", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00524-00286884-00287132": "that there were flaws in the original", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00525-00287133-00287354": "EMU design in the first place that", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00526-00287355-00287618": "contributed to the situation like that", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00527-00287619-00287918": "and here a man also add that in the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00528-00287919-00288125": "light of these facts I understand the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00529-00288126-00288353": "dissatisfaction of people that think", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00530-00288354-00288584": "that they have to be a high cost for", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00531-00288585-00288863": "something which was initially the fault", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00532-00288864-00289089": "either V EMU either", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00533-00289090-00289307": "PA union design on the fault of it", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00534-00289308-00289502": "bankers selling stop prime mortgages", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00535-00289503-00289746": "that contributed to the financial crisis", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00536-00289747-00290121": "is to bring public expenditure in line", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00537-00290122-00290408": "with physical income nowadays to talk", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00538-00290409-00290672": "about the stearic in the context of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00539-00290673-00290951": "extremely huge public deficits or", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00540-00290952-00291251": "extremely huge debt levels and we try to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00541-00291252-00291509": "implement those 30 measures in order to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00542-00291510-00291819": "reduce public deficits usually austerity", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00543-00291820-00292191": "measures refer to cut expenditure or", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00544-00292192-00292419": "increase in taxes and are extremely", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00545-00292420-00292730": "unpopular in politics but also for the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00546-00292731-00292974": "men on the street why is that like this", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00547-00292975-00293442": "well one of the reason is that austerity", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00548-00293443-00293817": "measures mean reducing the quantity of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00549-00293818-00294045": "services and benefits provided by the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00550-00294046-00294410": "government which is not surprisingly not", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00551-00294411-00294618": "really popular on the other hand we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00552-00294619-00294779": "should not ignore the benefits from", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00553-00294780-00295133": "public from austerity measures in in the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00554-00295134-00295443": "long term this would mean that a lot of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00555-00295444-00295685": "debt levels go hand-in-hand with low", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00556-00295686-00295968": "interest rates on sovereign debt if we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00557-00295969-00296180": "manage to do this then we'll have", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00558-00296181-00296412": "reduced costs for borrowing which", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00559-00296413-00296568": "increases the scope or some other", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00560-00296569-00296753": "investments and have very positive", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00561-00296754-00297018": "effect on the economy another argument", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00562-00297019-00297310": "is that the interest payment on", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00563-00297311-00297602": "sovereign debt made today is paid by", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00564-00297603-00297825": "generations tomorrow this would mean", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00565-00297826-00298026": "that we should concentrate on austerity", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00566-00298027-00298239": "measures also for reasons of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00567-00298240-00298641": "intergenerational justice and like our", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00568-00298642-00298926": "moral duty is thought pay attention also", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00569-00298927-00299141": "on the board and that we leave behind", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00570-00299142-00299381": "another very important strength not", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00571-00299382-00299710": "austerity measures is that they provide", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00572-00299711-00300203": "confidence and send a very important", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00573-00300204-00300399": "message detectors and future investors", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00574-00300400-00300776": "in order that governments can deal with", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00575-00300777-00301041": "the current situation and are capable of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00576-00301042-00301373": "dealing with the economic crisis well", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00577-00301374-00301689": "reducing debt deficits and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00578-00301690-00301944": "but reducing death and public deficits", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00579-00301945-00302346": "is really essential and I can try to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00580-00302347-00302619": "explain that in other words like imagine", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00581-00302620-00302883": "you want to lose weight a smart thing to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00582-00302884-00303153": "do is to to eat less but you can never", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00583-00303154-00303429": "mind thing a healthy weight only by", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00584-00303430-00303771": "eating less good thing to do would be to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00585-00303772-00303999": "do some sports and some thickness and to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00586-00304000-00304212": "combine it in place with with some", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00587-00304213-00304413": "exercises it is the same also with the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00588-00304414-00304745": "economy in times of huge deficits", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00589-00304746-00305001": "austerity measures are extremely", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00590-00305002-00305271": "necessarily and very important but they", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00591-00305272-00305505": "have to be tackled with some structural", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00592-00305506-00305958": "reforms as for example reforms of labor", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00593-00305959-00306276": "markets or governments should should", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00594-00306277-00306468": "should try to strengthen the competition", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00595-00306469-00306717": "in services or in the energy sector only", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00596-00306718-00306983": "then we can come back on the threads of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00597-00306984-00307992": "stainable economic growth and we will do", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00598-00307993-00308040": "like this", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00599-00308041-00308415": "first take a question from you then now", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00600-00308416-00308568": "we connect another question from Greece", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00601-00308569-00308946": "and Christian we collect from Hamburg", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00602-00308947-00309405": "and then all speakers get a chance to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00603-00309406-00309717": "respond to it and yeah of course it", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00604-00309718-00309960": "would be the best way to have a very", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00605-00309961-00310208": "specific question and you can just", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00606-00310209-00310610": "address it to one of our speakers so", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00607-00310611-00310944": "audience it's up to you right now", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00608-00310945-00311235": "are there any questions and what I will", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00609-00311236-00311472": "try to get to you very fast to the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00610-00311473-00313326": "microphone I was asking myself first", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00611-00313327-00313812": "moments of first speaker was proposed a", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00612-00313813-00314349": "most empty so he found two US states", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00613-00314350-00314619": "should save money and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00614-00314620-00315090": "of question but what about positions", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00615-00315091-00315354": "investments to promote a public demand", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00616-00315355-00315771": "into public jobs which leads to more", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00617-00315772-00316590": "demand micro sector I would say about", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00618-00316591-00316875": "flexibility and his net isn't that the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00619-00316876-00317091": "way to keep a state or a society", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00620-00317092-00317860": "flexible so you just collect questions", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00621-00317861-00318339": "over to hopefully get some questions to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00622-00318340-00319403": "our speakers okay so should we just", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00623-00319404-00320546": "start with the first question", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00624-00320547-00321731": "okay well I thank you whether state", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00625-00321732-00322053": "procedure is an ending I mean is the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00626-00322054-00322433": "point where the markets or governments", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00627-00322434-00322655": "find that the state becomes commander", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00628-00322656-00323030": "then there is a powerful group the bomb", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00629-00323031-00323844": "expending ethos at the point it's very", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00630-00323845-00324195": "simple question but what we heard in the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00631-00324196-00324396": "Netherlands and presumably this has been", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00632-00324397-00324564": "mentioned some time in Germany as well", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00633-00324565-00324945": "he said actually tweeted as creditor", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00634-00324946-00325157": "nations are gonna be benefitting", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00635-00325158-00325494": "significantly more from lending money to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00636-00325495-00325743": "Greece right now and from having happy", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00637-00325744-00326070": "euro and cheap imports earlier or to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00638-00326071-00326316": "spending that we are now giving to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00639-00326317-00326529": "Greece in terms of warning would not", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00640-00326530-00326925": "make it rational to make austerity less", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00641-00326926-00327237": "harsh the mace Tyrell at make sure that", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00642-00327238-00332185": "people", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00643-00332186-00333449": "and millions on the market so it's", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00644-00333450-00333881": "actually possible without that's", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00645-00333882-00334271": "important thing if you like to stay", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00646-00334272-00334667": "flexible memory country or just a small", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00647-00334668-00335594": "city to government's changed or money in", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00648-00335595-00335867": "good times and bad times and they never", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00649-00335868-00336134": "never ever stop these boring Pawnee", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00650-00336135-00336430": "proces individuals but that's what we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00651-00336431-00336833": "like when we need money to build a house", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00652-00336834-00337148": "of course be more mindful today and off", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00653-00337149-00337532": "time we repay our debt so that that is", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00654-00337533-00337838": "not what history shows us what", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00655-00337839-00338084": "governments do so that white boring more", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00656-00338085-00338366": "and more - government may work in the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00657-00338367-00338598": "short run", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00658-00338599-00338868": "the long run you have an increase in", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00659-00338869-00339039": "that you have an increase in interest", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00660-00339040-00339267": "you need to pay and therefore this is", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00661-00339268-00339876": "not option thank you very much and I", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00662-00339877-00340256": "guess so we just take second questions", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00663-00340257-00340575": "which as well was addressed to cast the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00664-00340576-00341274": "opens I guess petition is it's so", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00665-00341275-00341712": "started if I got it right Princeton", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00666-00341713-00341903": "Greece it was about the the end of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00667-00341904-00342503": "austerity so if there excuse an end so", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00668-00342504-00342798": "well hopefully of course there is a", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00669-00342799-00343304": "party in this speech that actually we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00670-00343305-00343524": "have this process here in Germany as", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00671-00343525-00343776": "well and fortunately if we could take", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00672-00343777-00344046": "more time because the market pressure", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00673-00344047-00344316": "was this hard and is these days Greece", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00674-00344317-00344568": "so that was so actually we were just", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00675-00344569-00344862": "lucky you could say we started early", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00676-00344863-00345104": "enough that of course there's an end of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00677-00345105-00345395": "austerity policy or of the condition of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00678-00345396-00345891": "households but therefore you need to at", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00679-00345892-00346224": "the very beginning have some some very", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00680-00346225-00346713": "very harsh reforms yes but then the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00681-00346714-00346871": "market economy as a whole", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00682-00346872-00347163": "regaining trust and it's all as we know", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00683-00347164-00347451": "in business and in politics about trust", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00684-00347452-00347660": "so as soon as markets are regaining", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00685-00347661-00347879": "trust and the Greek economy is actually", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00686-00347880-00348764": "showing that the trust is coming back", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00687-00348765-00349076": "yeah at the beginning proposed reforms", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00688-00349077-00349430": "apart and budget cuts are even harder if", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00689-00349431-00350060": "people are affected directly after some", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00690-00350061-00350549": "time trust recovery", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00691-00350550-00351084": "then there is and I think public", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00692-00351085-00351238": "wouldn't you want something on that", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00693-00351239-00351615": "question is really that's fine because I", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00694-00351616-00351956": "would I would disagree on that because", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00695-00351957-00352407": "at the current the current tactics as I", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00696-00352408-00352767": "will describe them and my leave haven't", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00697-00352768-00352944": "even there don't even have an end in", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00698-00352945-00353145": "sight because we don't act with a long", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00699-00353146-00353355": "time plan what we are doing at the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00700-00353356-00353594": "moment is pure firefighting we are", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00701-00353595-00353976": "limiting ourselves on emergency on", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00702-00353977-00354201": "emergency rescue packages and we are", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00703-00354202-00354444": "only hoping to survive the next month or", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00704-00354445-00354909": "the next year if we look for the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00705-00354910-00355215": "long-term reasons um what we are doing", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00706-00355216-00355639": "at the moment or what we endanger to do", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00707-00355640-00355845": "is leave the countries by themselves and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00708-00355846-00356157": "I would like to refer to your question", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00709-00356158-00356338": "as well when you mentioned that we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00710-00356339-00356706": "should we should show solidarity because", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00711-00356707-00356984": "we benefited from the open market and we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00712-00356985-00357414": "exported our debt our we exported our", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00713-00357415-00358023": "capital overseas they consume our", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00714-00358024-00358312": "products and thereby we have the step so", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00715-00358313-00358524": "yes we have the European market we have", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00716-00358525-00358722": "the European Union and this problem is a", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00717-00358723-00358920": "year to be profitable only can be solved", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00718-00358921-00359226": "by European means and that all also", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00719-00359227-00359413": "means for us Germans that yes we have to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00720-00359414-00360033": "pay for when we look at Germany ten", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00721-00360034-00360225": "years ago okay we had the problem we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00722-00360226-00360814": "have our economy was was was pretty weak", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00723-00360815-00361218": "but still our accession rates were very", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00724-00361219-00361440": "very low compared to the recession where", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00725-00361441-00361700": "rates have decreased at the moment and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00726-00361701-00362043": "unemployment rate even then was so low", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00727-00362044-00362565": "that you guys today agreement we the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00728-00362566-00362788": "situation is completely different we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00729-00362789-00363296": "speak of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00730-00363297-00385928": "so this is a", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00731-00385929-00399130": "we feel good No so where is access", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00732-00399131-00413504": "why I think the main reason we don't", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00733-00413505-00428868": "and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00734-00428868-00429433": "we society needs understand the all", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00735-00429434-00430268": "these decays we like extremely different", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00736-00430270-00431020": "we deserve but also we have an agenda", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00737-00431021-00431449": "and I will be unfortunately fatalities", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00738-00431450-00431664": "they don't wish to them sakes", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00739-00431666-00431974": "their own policies of obesity and they", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00740-00431975-00432480": "invade the each generation a generation", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00741-00432481-00432931": "will be they the people the youth with", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00742-00432932-00433351": "take the biggest impact negative impact", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00743-00433352-00445591": "this extremely unpopular", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00744-00445592-00446978": "so", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00745-00446979-00447378": "constantly searching for justification", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00746-00447379-00447654": "because this isn't right way to create", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00747-00447655-00448752": "this here instead okay I would like to I", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00748-00448753-00449154": "see a better person as well refer a bit", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00749-00449155-00449310": "to what Phillippe intercept because I", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00750-00449310-00449601": "think it connects you ask how we ensure", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00751-00449602-00449835": "that in good times the countries are the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00752-00449835-00450212": "government's safe the money well I think", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00753-00450213-00450462": "we should use the two solutions Philippe", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00754-00450463-00450642": "I mentioned in her speech which are", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00755-00450643-00450821": "democracy and rule of law", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00756-00450822-00451260": "now first of all yes democracy can be a", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00757-00451260-00451560": "critical approach because we are we know", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00758-00451560-00451821": "that that democratic elections can also", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00759-00451822-00452052": "bring government's to power that keep", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00760-00452053-00452241": "spending we as we say in Germany", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00761-00452242-00452468": "today's promises before an election are", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00762-00452470-00453033": "tomorrow's debts but as we said we have", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00763-00453034-00453183": "a common market we have a common", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00764-00453184-00453399": "currency and in the end it should be", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00765-00453400-00453654": "indeed Brussels we should should look", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00766-00453655-00453989": "after our governments and and make them", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00767-00453991-00454263": "make them save money responsibly however", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00768-00454264-00454401": "this is not the case in the current", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00769-00454402-00454614": "situation and the current situation was", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00770-00454614-00454868": "strangling the economies we are leaving", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00771-00454870-00455007": "the countries alone we don't have a", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00772-00455008-00455247": "common approach for the whole eurozone", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00773-00455247-00455487": "we look at the whole problem from a", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00774-00455488-00455655": "national perspective from that has to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00775-00455656-00455693": "end", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00776-00455695-00455966": "yes we have to give up some of our", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00777-00455967-00456258": "fiscal serenity to a centralized", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00778-00456259-00456477": "organization on the other hand this", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00779-00456478-00456672": "organization has to be democratically", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00780-00456672-00457002": "controlled as well which which I would", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00781-00457003-00457146": "hope to ensure by strengthening", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00782-00457147-00457338": "strengthening the European Parliament", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00783-00457339-00457716": "but this is this is in the end the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00784-00457717-00457914": "solution have committee rules like we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00785-00457914-00476162": "have with a little six-pack", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00786-00476163-00476754": "- they don't take in my memory presented", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00787-00476755-00477842": "a present to you and whether Germany and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00788-00477843-00478385": "in this distribution is game theory", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00789-00478387-00479001": "what Germany would get to its acceptance", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00790-00479002-00479402": "- you won't so that blow - actually stop", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00791-00479403-00479789": "stop talking of the distributor do you", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00792-00479791-00480597": "not any and here any generation and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00793-00480597-00484025": "whether I want to see a dramatic change", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00794-00484026-00488714": "no seriously because is institution on", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00795-00488716-00488997": "the European level that actually has the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00796-00488997-00491880": "right to control humanity", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00797-00491881-00492230": "only if German and French soldiers", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00798-00492231-00492804": "decide to recreate the Germans and axis", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00799-00492805-00493164": "in fact work very very hard in order to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00800-00493164-00493464": "have a common strategy in favour of", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00801-00493464-00494143": "rules and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00802-00494143-00494510": "well of course I probably will have a", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00803-00494510-00494708": "change in German politics after the", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00804-00494709-00495254": "elections and well I think we but I", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00805-00495255-00495614": "think we you might have a chair a change", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00806-00495614-00496067": "in German politics because in the long", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00807-00496068-00496313": "term I don't see any alternative to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00808-00496314-00496616": "Germany giving way more and by the way", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00809-00496617-00496985": "behind me also to have some kind", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00810-00496985-00497260": "I wouldn't say what everyone's right now", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00811-00497262-00497572": "but some kind of measurements that takes", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00812-00497574-00497918": "the interest the pressure of interest", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00813-00497918-00498122": "from the southern European countries and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00814-00498122-00498320": "there is the possibility to have", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00815-00498321-00498722": "so-called debt reconciliation bonds that", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00816-00498722-00498953": "are limited only to debt reduction this", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00817-00498954-00499205": "is a short-term measurement I would", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00818-00499206-00499547": "strongly strongly support there are", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00819-00499547-00499820": "so-called project bonds which can be", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00820-00499821-00500072": "taken by as well as European institution", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00821-00500072-00500347": "to invest in certain projects like", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00822-00500349-00500678": "energy business in Greece for example", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00823-00500679-00500968": "with solar energy or other business to", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00824-00500970-00501296": "to fight youth unemployment we will also", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00825-00501297-00501785": "have direct investments from Europe for", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00826-00501785-00501985": "example with the European structural or", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00827-00501987-00502397": "leader in social funds and I think yes", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00828-00502397-00502763": "on a long-term way a long-term", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00829-00502764-00503081": "perspective we also will have euro bonds", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00830-00503082-00503357": "because everything else would make any", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00831-00503358-00503567": "sense because we have a common car", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00832-00503568-00503924": "currency we have a common economy and we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00833-00503925-00504260": "will also have a long-term we will have", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00834-00504260-00504568": "a centralized economic governance we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00835-00504570-00504797": "will have a common European tax policy", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00836-00504797-00505039": "we will have a continuity labor policy", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00837-00505041-00505334": "we will experience in Europe that we", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00838-00505335-00505664": "have a centralization of economic and", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00839-00505664-00506010": "other policies as well by the way", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00840-00506012-00507399": "hopefully then we learn more", "zwpjXdiSU_0-00841-00507400-00509380": "but as a whole will be too"}}, {"audio_id": "zwrfWU6NB_y", "text": {"zwrfWU6NB_y-00000-00000119-00000478": "iron doesn't become a sword until it's", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00001-00000479-00000799": "burned and beaten in fire", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00002-00000800-00000894": "your", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00003-00000896-00001215": "life is like iron and it's getting", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00004-00001216-00001591": "burned and beaten into a sharp sword", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00005-00001592-00001910": "called your life are you ready to be", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00006-00001911-00002239": "beaten and burned because the sharpest", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00007-00002240-00002534": "swords go through the hottest fire are", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00008-00002535-00002758": "you ready because what you're going", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00009-00002759-00003047": "through in life right now is beating you", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00010-00003048-00003279": "down from the money problems to the", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00011-00003279-00003559": "relationships to the quarantine to the", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00012-00003560-00003806": "lack of food whatever it is that you're", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00013-00003807-00004015": "dealing with in life right now it's", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00014-00004015-00004243": "taking you out and it's your", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00015-00004244-00004559": "responsibility to sharpen your sword to", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00016-00004560-00004831": "take the disasters and crisises that", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00017-00004832-00005047": "you're going through in your life right", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00018-00005048-00005327": "now and to make you better the happiest", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00019-00005328-00005606": "most successful people in this world", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00020-00005607-00005902": "took the hardest moments in their life", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00021-00005903-00006102": "and flipped them into the best thing", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00022-00006103-00006311": "that ever happened to them you got an", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00023-00006312-00006583": "opportunity right now to take that", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00024-00006584-00006775": "horrible situation that you're going", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00025-00006776-00006967": "through and make the best thing that", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00026-00006968-00007198": "ever happened or you can give up you can", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00027-00007200-00007423": "give up where you are and surrender and", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00028-00007423-00007639": "act like nothing changed in your life", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00029-00007640-00007831": "but there's no progression in that so", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00030-00007831-00008055": "you gotta ask yourself why is my life", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00031-00008056-00008263": "never changing how come it's always the", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00032-00008264-00008503": "same situation over and over again well", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00033-00008504-00008759": "stop giving up and stop letting the bad", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00034-00008760-00008983": "situations that happen in your life and", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00035-00008984-00009239": "do something about it do you get angry", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00036-00009240-00009519": "are you sad do you have depression you", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00037-00009520-00009791": "need to use it for your fuel you need to", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00038-00009792-00010078": "use it to keep going you need to say", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00039-00010079-00010327": "this was me and i need to get better", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00040-00010328-00010606": "this was who i am but it's not anymore", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00041-00010607-00010806": "because i want more and i'm getting", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00042-00010807-00011046": "sharper and i'm growing stronger you", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00043-00011047-00011278": "have to find the opportunities in your", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00044-00011279-00011599": "struggle you have to find the light you", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00045-00011600-00011846": "have to find a way to make it better", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00046-00011847-00012023": "when you're in the worst situation", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00047-00012024-00012255": "you've ever been in you got people that", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00048-00012256-00012487": "are counting on you you got people that", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00049-00012488-00012751": "are depending on your success and you're", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00050-00012752-00012871": "sitting around", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00051-00012872-00013071": "acting like you're the victim you need", "zwrfWU6NB_y-00052-00013072-00013416": "to get out of that victim mode"}}, {"audio_id": "zwyoqyxtXT8", "text": {"zwyoqyxtXT8-00000-00000000-00000534": "[Laughter]", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00001-00000535-00001108": "thank you", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00002-00001109-00002105": "yes", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00003-00002106-00002267": "tell me one", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00004-00002268-00002316": "yeah", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00005-00002317-00002734": "[Laughter]", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00006-00002735-00003286": "so I wish you were president", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00007-00003288-00003803": "[Music]", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00008-00003804-00007096": "foreign", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00009-00007097-00010517": "foreign", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00010-00010518-00013211": "foreign", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00011-00013212-00014483": "foreign", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00012-00014484-00017669": "foreign", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00013-00017670-00019622": "foreign", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00014-00019623-00020669": "[Music]", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00015-00020670-00022211": "foreign", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00016-00022212-00025696": "ceremony", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00017-00025697-00026507": "is", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00018-00026508-00027006": "foreign", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00019-00027007-00029249": "[Applause]", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00020-00029250-00032657": "foreign", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00021-00032658-00036001": "foreign", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00022-00036002-00036239": "I think and one other person", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00023-00036240-00037907": "is", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00024-00037908-00040162": "foreign", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00025-00040163-00041273": "[Applause]", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00026-00041274-00041993": "foreign", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00027-00041994-00044189": "a few days", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00028-00044190-00044608": "anyway", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00029-00044609-00045173": "s", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00030-00045174-00047861": "foreign", "zwyoqyxtXT8-00031-00047862-00048162": "foreign"}}, {"audio_id": "zwytKwAMAxc", "text": {"zwytKwAMAxc-00000-00000000-00000250": "Carroll a Mudder born December 17 to", "zwytKwAMAxc-00001-00000252-00000521": "1945 is a former United States Marine", "zwytKwAMAxc-00002-00000522-00000790": "Corps Lieutenant General she is the", "zwytKwAMAxc-00003-00000791-00000974": "first woman in the history of the US", "zwytKwAMAxc-00004-00000975-00001148": "Armed Forces to be appointed to a", "zwytKwAMAxc-00005-00001149-00001412": "three-star grade she retired from the", "zwytKwAMAxc-00006-00001413-00001789": "Marine Corps on January 1st 1999 her", "zwytKwAMAxc-00007-00001791-00001984": "last active duty assignment was as", "zwytKwAMAxc-00008-00001985-00002204": "deputy chief of staff manpower and", "zwytKwAMAxc-00009-00002205-00002560": "reserve Affairs DC s M an RA at Marine", "zwytKwAMAxc-00010-00002561-00003286": "Corps headquarters in Washington DC", "zwytKwAMAxc-00011-00003286-00003886": "topic early life and education", "zwytKwAMAxc-00012-00003888-00004271": "Muhtar was born on December 17 1945 in", "zwytKwAMAxc-00013-00004272-00004649": "Greeley Colorado in 1967 she was", "zwytKwAMAxc-00014-00004650-00004808": "commissioned a second lieutenant in the", "zwytKwAMAxc-00015-00004809-00005051": "US Marine Corps upon graduation from the", "zwytKwAMAxc-00016-00005052-00005291": "University of Northern Colorado in", "zwytKwAMAxc-00017-00005292-00005507": "addition to holding a BA degree in", "zwytKwAMAxc-00018-00005508-00005722": "mathematics education and an honorary", "zwytKwAMAxc-00019-00005723-00005894": "doctorate from the University of", "zwytKwAMAxc-00020-00005895-00006131": "Northern Colorado general mutter has an", "zwytKwAMAxc-00021-00006132-00006344": "MA degree in national security and", "zwytKwAMAxc-00022-00006345-00006518": "Strategic Studies from the Naval War", "zwytKwAMAxc-00023-00006519-00006748": "College at Newport Rhode Island and both", "zwytKwAMAxc-00024-00006750-00006968": "an MS and an honorary doctorate degree", "zwytKwAMAxc-00025-00006969-00007198": "from Salve Regina University also in", "zwytKwAMAxc-00026-00007200-00007573": "Newport topic career after completing", "zwytKwAMAxc-00027-00007575-00007921": "the woman officer basic course in 1967", "zwytKwAMAxc-00028-00007922-00008134": "at Marine Corps Base Quantico she was", "zwytKwAMAxc-00029-00008136-00008291": "assigned to data processing", "zwytKwAMAxc-00030-00008292-00008519": "installations at Quantico Virginia and", "zwytKwAMAxc-00031-00008520-00008918": "at Camp Pendleton California in 1971 she", "zwytKwAMAxc-00032-00008919-00009107": "returned to Quantico as a platoon", "zwytKwAMAxc-00033-00009108-00009284": "commander an instructor for women", "zwytKwAMAxc-00034-00009285-00009479": "officer candidates and basic course", "zwytKwAMAxc-00035-00009480-00009677": "lieutenants she departed this tour as a", "zwytKwAMAxc-00036-00009678-00010099": "captain during 1973 to 1984 she", "zwytKwAMAxc-00037-00010100-00010262": "progressed to the rank of lieutenant", "zwytKwAMAxc-00038-00010263-00010469": "colonel while serving as project officer", "zwytKwAMAxc-00039-00010470-00010627": "for marine air command and control", "zwytKwAMAxc-00040-00010628-00010883": "systems at marine corps tactical systems", "zwytKwAMAxc-00041-00010884-00011113": "Support Activity at Camp Pendleton CA", "zwytKwAMAxc-00042-00011114-00011330": "financial management officer at the", "zwytKwAMAxc-00043-00011331-00011538": "development center Quantico Virginia", "zwytKwAMAxc-00044-00011539-00011777": "assistant chief of staff controller", "zwytKwAMAxc-00045-00011778-00012013": "first marine aircraft Wayne Okinawa", "zwytKwAMAxc-00046-00012014-00012215": "Japan and deputy controller at", "zwytKwAMAxc-00047-00012216-00012460": "headquarters Fleet Marine Force Atlantic", "zwytKwAMAxc-00048-00012461-00012571": "in Norfolk Virginia", "zwytKwAMAxc-00049-00012572-00012962": "in 1985 capitalizing on her expertise in", "zwytKwAMAxc-00050-00012963-00013163": "boat data processing and financial", "zwytKwAMAxc-00051-00013163-00013322": "management she was assigned as the", "zwytKwAMAxc-00052-00013322-00013555": "deputy program manager and subsequently", "zwytKwAMAxc-00053-00013556-00013763": "program manager for the development of", "zwytKwAMAxc-00054-00013763-00013955": "new marine corps automated pay and", "zwytKwAMAxc-00055-00013956-00014116": "personnel systems for active duty", "zwytKwAMAxc-00056-00014118-00014537": "retired and reserve Marines in July 1988", "zwytKwAMAxc-00057-00014538-00014735": "as a colonel she joined the United", "zwytKwAMAxc-00058-00014736-00015019": "States Space Command j:3 Operations", "zwytKwAMAxc-00059-00015020-00015247": "Directorate in Colorado Springs becoming", "zwytKwAMAxc-00060-00015249-00015461": "the first woman to gain qualification as", "zwytKwAMAxc-00061-00015462-00015749": "a space director after initially serving", "zwytKwAMAxc-00062-00015750-00015955": "as a command center crew commander space", "zwytKwAMAxc-00063-00015956-00016157": "director she became the division chief", "zwytKwAMAxc-00064-00016158-00016346": "responsible for the operation of the", "zwytKwAMAxc-00065-00016347-00016490": "Space Command Commander in Chief's", "zwytKwAMAxc-00066-00016491-00016829": "command center August 1990 brought a", "zwytKwAMAxc-00067-00016830-00017006": "transfer to third Marine Expeditionary", "zwytKwAMAxc-00068-00017007-00017270": "Force MAF on Okinawa", "zwytKwAMAxc-00069-00017271-00017462": "pan and duty is the assistant chief of", "zwytKwAMAxc-00070-00017463-00017714": "staff controller for both 3m EF and", "zwytKwAMAxc-00071-00017715-00018071": "third Marine Division in June 1991 she", "zwytKwAMAxc-00072-00018072-00018251": "returned to Quantico as a brigadier", "zwytKwAMAxc-00073-00018252-00018380": "general to serve as the deputy", "zwytKwAMAxc-00074-00018381-00018602": "commanding general Marine Corps Systems", "zwytKwAMAxc-00075-00018603-00018842": "Command and program manager for command", "zwytKwAMAxc-00076-00018843-00019232": "and control systems in June 1992 she", "zwytKwAMAxc-00077-00019233-00019442": "again transferred to Okinawa this time", "zwytKwAMAxc-00078-00019443-00019625": "is the first woman of general flag", "zwytKwAMAxc-00079-00019626-00019790": "officer rank to command a major", "zwytKwAMAxc-00080-00019791-00020057": "deployable tactical command the 3d force", "zwytKwAMAxc-00081-00020058-00020303": "service support group three MAF US", "zwytKwAMAxc-00082-00020304-00020705": "Marine Forces Pacific in June 1994 she", "zwytKwAMAxc-00083-00020706-00020864": "became the first woman in the marine", "zwytKwAMAxc-00084-00020865-00021029": "corps to be promoted to the rank of", "zwytKwAMAxc-00085-00021030-00021227": "Major General and served as commander", "zwytKwAMAxc-00086-00021228-00021443": "Marine Corps Systems Command at Marine", "zwytKwAMAxc-00087-00021444-00021799": "Corps Base Quantico until August 1996 on", "zwytKwAMAxc-00088-00021800-00022154": "September 1st 1996 mutter was promoted", "zwytKwAMAxc-00089-00022155-00022328": "to lieutenant general and assumed the", "zwytKwAMAxc-00090-00022329-00022529": "duties as deputy chief of staff for", "zwytKwAMAxc-00091-00022530-00022820": "manpower and reserve affairs DC SM and", "zwytKwAMAxc-00092-00022821-00023132": "RA Lieutenant General mutter retired in", "zwytKwAMAxc-00093-00023133-00023471": "1999 mutter also attended the amphibious", "zwytKwAMAxc-00094-00023472-00023630": "warfare school in the marine corps", "zwytKwAMAxc-00095-00023631-00023843": "command and Staff College both at", "zwytKwAMAxc-00096-00023844-00024474": "Quantico Virginia", "zwytKwAMAxc-00097-00024475-00025005": "topic personal life", "zwytKwAMAxc-00098-00025006-00025255": "Muhtar is married to James mutter who is", "zwytKwAMAxc-00099-00025256-00025542": "a former US Marine Corps colonel in 2008", "zwytKwAMAxc-00100-00025543-00025695": "she spoke at the Republican National", "zwytKwAMAxc-00101-00025697-00026285": "Committee", "zwytKwAMAxc-00102-00026286-00026886": "Topic awards and decorations", "zwytKwAMAxc-00103-00026887-00027165": "in 2017 she was inducted into the", "zwytKwAMAxc-00104-00027166-00027805": "National Women's Hall of Fame", "zwytKwAMAxc-00105-00027806-00028256": "topic firsts", "zwytKwAMAxc-00106-00028257-00028557": "first woman to qualify as command center", "zwytKwAMAxc-00107-00028558-00028770": "crew commander space director at US", "zwytKwAMAxc-00108-00028770-00029087": "Space Command first woman of flag rank", "zwytKwAMAxc-00109-00029088-00029307": "to command a major deployable tactical", "zwytKwAMAxc-00110-00029308-00029637": "command first woman Marine Major General", "zwytKwAMAxc-00111-00029638-00029847": "and senior woman in all the services at", "zwytKwAMAxc-00112-00029848-00030140": "that time first woman nominated by the", "zwytKwAMAxc-00113-00030141-00030470": "US president for three-star rank first", "zwytKwAMAxc-00114-00030472-00030677": "female Lieutenant General in the US", "zwytKwAMAxc-00115-00030679-00031245": "Armed Forces", "zwytKwAMAxc-00116-00031245-00031777": "topic see also", "zwytKwAMAxc-00117-00031777-00032047": "list of female United States military", "zwytKwAMAxc-00118-00032048-00032368": "generals and flag officers"}}, {"audio_id": "zwCCc_Tk2Bk", "text": {"zwCCc_Tk2Bk-00000-00000024-00000324": "crap"}}, {"audio_id": "zwI0TebEJ5A", "text": {"zwI0TebEJ5A-00000-00000183-00000463": "eldon ring is set here in the lands", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00001-00000463-00001015": "between", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00002-00001016-00001207": "this is a site of grace", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00003-00001208-00001671": "acting as a place of rest for the play", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00004-00001672-00001910": "occasionally grace will manifest rays of", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00005-00001911-00002463": "guiding light", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00006-00002464-00002647": "of course we're free to choose whether", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00007-00002648-00002863": "to follow this guidance or head off to", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00008-00002864-00011614": "explore in a different direction", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00009-00011615-00011846": "hello", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00010-00011847-00011991": "can you hear me", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00011-00011992-00012223": "help me i'm stuck", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00012-00012224-00012495": "hello", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00013-00012496-00013022": "please anyone", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00014-00013023-00013407": "oh my stars i'm so happy to see you", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00015-00013408-00013655": "i am alexander", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00016-00013656-00013958": "also known as the iron fist and as you", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00017-00013959-00014351": "can see i'm stuck here please", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00018-00014352-00014951": "can you help me out of this", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00019-00014952-00015158": "put those doubts to rest i'll be just", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00020-00015159-00015255": "fine", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00021-00015256-00015438": "i'm very well trained", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00022-00015440-00017350": "give it your all i say", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00023-00017351-00017511": "ah", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00024-00017512-00017830": "well played good sir well played", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00025-00017831-00017935": "oh that", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00026-00017936-00018183": "mighty wallop of yours almost spelled", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00027-00018184-00020639": "the end of me", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00028-00020640-00020822": "the map can prove useful when exploring", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00029-00020823-00021071": "the world and is populated by acquiring", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00030-00021072-00021903": "map fragments", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00031-00021904-00022158": "we can use markers to customize the map", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00032-00022159-00022303": "such as setting reminders for the", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00033-00022304-00022503": "location of crafting materials or", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00034-00022504-00023527": "dangerous enemies", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00035-00023528-00023735": "beacons can also be placed to help with", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00036-00023736-00024103": "orientation", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00037-00024104-00024303": "beacons placed on the map appear in the", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00038-00024304-00025799": "world", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00039-00025800-00025990": "spirit springs can be used while on", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00040-00025991-00026279": "horseback to launch high into the air", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00041-00026280-00026495": "this allows for stress-free traversal of", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00042-00026495-00029826": "areas with a great deal of verticality", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00043-00029827-00030823": "[Music]", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00044-00030824-00030983": "the carriage over there is carrying", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00045-00030983-00031087": "treasure", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00046-00031088-00031607": "an opportunity too good to pass up", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00047-00031608-00031783": "we'll prepare for combat with some item", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00048-00031783-00031999": "crafting using materials found in the", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00049-00032000-00034666": "world", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00050-00034667-00035718": "[Applause]", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00051-00035719-00035911": "enemy stance can be broken with heavy", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00052-00035912-00036095": "strikes such as when attacking from", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00053-00036096-00036702": "above", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00054-00036703-00036911": "a variety of unique attacks can also be", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00055-00036912-00039015": "interchanged between weapons", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00056-00039016-00039230": "in more perilous situations we can", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00057-00039231-00039735": "summon spirits to assist us in battle", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00058-00039736-00039990": "spirits vary greatly in tight so we look", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00059-00039991-00040183": "forward to players experimenting and", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00060-00040184-00042551": "finding their personal favorites", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00061-00042552-00042758": "online multiplayer can also be enjoyed", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00062-00042759-00042951": "with players from other worlds from", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00063-00042952-00044079": "cooperative to pvp and invasions", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00064-00044080-00045839": "hey", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00065-00045840-00046071": "deadly creatures stalk this forest so", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00066-00046072-00048758": "we'll use stealth to avoid detection", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00067-00048759-00048935": "we've come across a boss guarding this", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00068-00048936-00049046": "area", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00069-00049047-00050839": "we'll take it on with the help of our", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00070-00050840-00058311": "wow", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00071-00058312-00058566": "catacombs caves mayans and other", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00072-00058567-00058735": "dungeons can be found while out", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00073-00058736-00059303": "exploring the world", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00074-00059304-00059463": "these dungeons each hold their own", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00075-00059464-00059687": "secrets from hidden treasures to", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00076-00059688-00065647": "fearsome bosses", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00077-00065648-00065863": "greetings", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00078-00065864-00066271": "traveler from beyond the fog", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00079-00066272-00068247": "i am melaner", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00080-00068248-00068350": "i", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00081-00068351-00069255": "offer you an accord", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00082-00069256-00069494": "we've reached stormvale castle", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00083-00069495-00069687": "a large-scale dungeon which connects", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00084-00069688-00069863": "seamlessly with the surrounding limb", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00085-00069864-00070991": "grave region", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00086-00070992-00071143": "you there", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00087-00071144-00071943": "come over here would you", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00088-00071944-00072279": "you're tarnished aren't you", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00089-00072280-00072591": "i would advise against taking the main", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00090-00072592-00072887": "gate into the castle", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00091-00072888-00073143": "it's tightly guarded by hardened old", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00092-00073144-00073326": "hands", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00093-00073327-00073415": "oh", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00094-00073416-00073694": "try the opening right here", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00095-00073695-00073999": "the guards don't know about it", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00096-00074000-00074935": "you'll breach the castle undetected", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00097-00074936-00075071": "fair enough", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00098-00075072-00075423": "you certainly don't have to trust me", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00099-00075424-00075519": "well", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00100-00075520-00075775": "if you must go through the gates i'll", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00101-00075776-00076023": "signal them to open", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00102-00076024-00077294": "but of course i'd advise against it", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00103-00077295-00079303": "the gates open the gates", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00104-00079304-00079559": "the main route seems risky so we'll try", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00105-00079560-00083711": "entering through a back way", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00106-00083712-00083887": "extra care should be taken when moving", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00107-00083888-00084087": "through dungeons as visibility and", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00108-00084088-00084391": "terrain differ from when in the open", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00109-00084392-00084599": "we hope players enjoy getting a feel for", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00110-00084600-00084799": "the different types of areas and coming", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00111-00084800-00086332": "up with suitable strategies for each", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00112-00086333-00086775": "[Music]", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00113-00086776-00089823": "um", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00114-00089824-00090055": "dungeons are complex and multi-layered", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00115-00090056-00090191": "meaning they can be tackled from a", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00116-00090192-00090669": "number of", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00117-00090670-00091082": "[Music]", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00118-00091083-00091287": "routes ah", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00119-00091288-00091423": "nice to meet you", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00120-00091424-00091575": "the pleasure's mine", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00121-00091576-00091743": "roger is the name", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00122-00091744-00091950": "a sorcerer as", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00123-00091951-00092094": "you might have guessed", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00124-00092095-00092294": "i'm looking for a little something", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00125-00092295-00092438": "here in the castle", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00126-00092439-00092575": "when i'm not hot-footing it from the", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00127-00092576-00092918": "troops that is but enough about me", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00128-00092919-00093103": "what are you doing here in stormdale", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00129-00093104-00093199": "castle", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00130-00093200-00093399": "this place is bristling with tarnish", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00131-00093400-00093574": "hunters you know", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00132-00093575-00093782": "they sacrifice our kind", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00133-00093783-00094031": "for grafting not exactly a place i'd", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00134-00094032-00097599": "stroll into without a purpose in mine", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00135-00097600-00097815": "in this next boss fight we challenge one", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00136-00097816-00097967": "of the demigods", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00137-00097968-00099511": "ruler of stormvale godric the golden", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00138-00099512-00099823": "mighty dragon", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00139-00099824-00100206": "dirty true born air", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00140-00100207-00100671": "lend me thy strength o kindred", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00141-00100672-00100903": "deliver me unto", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00142-00100904-00101471": "greater heights", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00143-00101472-00103566": "well", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00144-00103567-00104015": "i command thee", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00145-00104016-00104094": "i", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00146-00104095-00105179": "am the lord of all that is golden", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00147-00105180-00106803": "[Music]", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00148-00106804-00111871": "[Applause]", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00149-00111872-00112086": "thank you for watching", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00150-00112088-00112271": "this was just a brief introduction to", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00151-00112272-00112463": "elden rings fundamentals", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00152-00112464-00112663": "but more details will be revealed at a", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00153-00112664-00112807": "later date", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00154-00112808-00112958": "there's not long to go now before", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00155-00112959-00113078": "release", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00156-00113079-00113302": "in the meantime we greatly appreciate", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00157-00113303-00114792": "your continued support", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00158-00114793-00115478": "[Music]", "zwI0TebEJ5A-00159-00115479-00115688": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "zwJXpf5JD14", "text": {"zwJXpf5JD14-00000-00000000-00000313": "i'm from the netherlands I'm work", "zwJXpf5JD14-00001-00000314-00000512": "attitude mobile and I'm going to talk to", "zwJXpf5JD14-00002-00000513-00000817": "you about something called calabash just", "zwJXpf5JD14-00003-00000818-00001054": "a quick show of hands do any of you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00004-00001055-00001312": "already know anything about calabash", "zwJXpf5JD14-00005-00001313-00001935": "some all right cool yeah let's just go I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00006-00001936-00002189": "work at IG mobile as I said I've been", "zwJXpf5JD14-00007-00002190-00002354": "working as an Android developer there", "zwJXpf5JD14-00008-00002355-00002774": "since 2009 still loving it that's why", "zwJXpf5JD14-00009-00002775-00003245": "I'm here at the company we're working on", "zwJXpf5JD14-00010-00003246-00003542": "a framework which we're using for most", "zwJXpf5JD14-00011-00003543-00003958": "of our applications which allows us to", "zwJXpf5JD14-00012-00003959-00004279": "port or write an application for Android", "zwJXpf5JD14-00013-00004280-00004622": "i'm easily ported for iOS which is going", "zwJXpf5JD14-00014-00004623-00004927": "to be native I am I was asked to mention", "zwJXpf5JD14-00015-00004928-00005126": "it and leave it in the slide so you can", "zwJXpf5JD14-00016-00005127-00005281": "have a look at it if you're interested", "zwJXpf5JD14-00017-00005282-00005506": "come to come and talk to me after the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00018-00005507-00005693": "presentation but this is not what the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00019-00005694-00005966": "presentation is going to be about all", "zwJXpf5JD14-00020-00005967-00006125": "right in my spare time I like to do a", "zwJXpf5JD14-00021-00006126-00006500": "bit of bike riding you probably saw my", "zwJXpf5JD14-00022-00006501-00006812": "belly yeah I don't do it enough that I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00023-00006813-00007127": "still enjoy doing it I also like to play", "zwJXpf5JD14-00024-00007128-00007435": "some games I think so on the first row", "zwJXpf5JD14-00025-00007436-00007634": "might might have seen that I like", "zwJXpf5JD14-00026-00007634-00008051": "playing games sebastiano yeah that's", "zwJXpf5JD14-00027-00008052-00008296": "that's what I do in my spare time so", "zwJXpf5JD14-00028-00008297-00008516": "that was about me and this is about", "zwJXpf5JD14-00029-00008517-00008776": "where you're going to be hearing from me", "zwJXpf5JD14-00030-00008777-00009026": "something about testing in general why", "zwJXpf5JD14-00031-00009027-00009341": "you should test what what why it makes", "zwJXpf5JD14-00032-00009342-00009728": "sense to test I'm going to be comparing", "zwJXpf5JD14-00033-00009729-00010049": "some frameworks something called", "zwJXpf5JD14-00034-00010050-00010319": "cucumber and gherkin it's very healthy", "zwJXpf5JD14-00035-00010320-00010649": "for you something more about gherkin", "zwJXpf5JD14-00036-00010650-00010991": "done a little demo done something about", "zwJXpf5JD14-00037-00010992-00011338": "how you can apply calabash into your", "zwJXpf5JD14-00038-00011339-00011567": "continuous integration and then", "zwJXpf5JD14-00039-00011568-00011813": "questions but please if you have any", "zwJXpf5JD14-00040-00011814-00012088": "questions during the presentation just", "zwJXpf5JD14-00041-00012089-00012421": "show your hand and the young lady will", "zwJXpf5JD14-00042-00012422-00012813": "give you microphone so you can talk", "zwJXpf5JD14-00043-00012813-00013069": "I'm going to be having it a little bit", "zwJXpf5JD14-00044-00013071-00013299": "interactive so I'm going to be asking", "zwJXpf5JD14-00045-00013300-00013500": "you stuff and you can show hands if you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00046-00013501-00013769": "like and if you don't then that's fine", "zwJXpf5JD14-00047-00013770-00014565": "too all right testing have any of you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00048-00014566-00014966": "seen some similar errors after having", "zwJXpf5JD14-00049-00014968-00015113": "struggles for weeks to get you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00050-00015115-00015585": "application into the play store and have", "zwJXpf5JD14-00051-00015586-00016122": "any of you seen that yeah did you really", "zwJXpf5JD14-00052-00016122-00016353": "have this sort of reaction to like hear", "zwJXpf5JD14-00053-00016354-00016713": "what happened well you don't want that", "zwJXpf5JD14-00054-00016714-00016897": "to happen and there is things you can do", "zwJXpf5JD14-00055-00016898-00017175": "before actually going into production to", "zwJXpf5JD14-00056-00017176-00017621": "prevent things that could happen so", "zwJXpf5JD14-00057-00017622-00017910": "there's things like unit testing manual", "zwJXpf5JD14-00058-00017911-00018105": "functional testing monkey testing those", "zwJXpf5JD14-00059-00018106-00018330": "are the things I'm going to be shortly", "zwJXpf5JD14-00060-00018331-00018722": "going through now you're not testing I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00061-00018723-00019041": "think candy cane show hands if you use", "zwJXpf5JD14-00062-00019042-00019428": "it know it unit testing yeah let's go", "zwJXpf5JD14-00063-00019429-00019677": "quite alone let's say that's good well", "zwJXpf5JD14-00064-00019678-00020016": "what this bit of code does it just tests", "zwJXpf5JD14-00065-00020017-00020625": "if one plus one is one is two and if", "zwJXpf5JD14-00066-00020626-00020772": "that's not the case then this test", "zwJXpf5JD14-00067-00020773-00021063": "should feel and you know that somewhere", "zwJXpf5JD14-00068-00021064-00021288": "something got broken in your calculator", "zwJXpf5JD14-00069-00021289-00021575": "is not doing what you expected to do I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00070-00021576-00021869": "know functional testing we all do it I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00071-00021870-00022074": "think you just go through application", "zwJXpf5JD14-00072-00022075-00022377": "you see if what you just created works", "zwJXpf5JD14-00073-00022378-00022605": "as you expect it to work and if", "zwJXpf5JD14-00074-00022606-00022752": "something goes wrong then that's", "zwJXpf5JD14-00075-00022753-00023030": "something you're going to be tackling", "zwJXpf5JD14-00076-00023031-00023343": "what you use then is an actual human and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00077-00023344-00023678": "a device or an emulator the picture on", "zwJXpf5JD14-00078-00023679-00023913": "the right shows the devices that we are", "zwJXpf5JD14-00079-00023914-00024183": "testing on when we test our applications", "zwJXpf5JD14-00080-00024184-00024447": "it's quite a broad range we don't test", "zwJXpf5JD14-00081-00024448-00024687": "it on all of them but we big specific", "zwJXpf5JD14-00082-00024688-00025187": "ones which are good for our product", "zwJXpf5JD14-00083-00025188-00025779": "okay show of hands who of you I have a", "zwJXpf5JD14-00084-00025780-00026270": "monkey at home you do nice I want to", "zwJXpf5JD14-00085-00026272-00026483": "hire that monkey to do my monkey testing", "zwJXpf5JD14-00086-00026485-00026823": "then anyway have any of you heard of", "zwJXpf5JD14-00087-00026824-00027233": "monkey runner that's your monkey exactly", "zwJXpf5JD14-00088-00027235-00027464": "good well what monkey runner does it", "zwJXpf5JD14-00089-00027466-00027747": "just it goes through your application", "zwJXpf5JD14-00090-00027748-00027983": "but it also goes outside of your", "zwJXpf5JD14-00091-00027985-00028206": "application and it just clicks random", "zwJXpf5JD14-00092-00028207-00028482": "stuff as you can see on the picture this", "zwJXpf5JD14-00093-00028483-00028764": "monkey finds whole different ways of", "zwJXpf5JD14-00094-00028764-00029102": "using a phone than most of us would", "zwJXpf5JD14-00095-00029104-00029493": "think of using a phone other words there", "zwJXpf5JD14-00096-00029494-00029777": "is things that you might find using", "zwJXpf5JD14-00097-00029779-00030189": "monkey runner which you maybe wouldn't", "zwJXpf5JD14-00098-00030189-00030495": "have found beforehand all right", "zwJXpf5JD14-00099-00030495-00030770": "automated functional testing two slides", "zwJXpf5JD14-00100-00030772-00030945": "back i mentioned going through your", "zwJXpf5JD14-00101-00030945-00031202": "application manually and going through", "zwJXpf5JD14-00102-00031204-00031410": "the stuff you just added to your", "zwJXpf5JD14-00103-00031411-00031650": "application etc etc you can automate", "zwJXpf5JD14-00104-00031651-00031976": "that as well which makes sense for", "zwJXpf5JD14-00105-00031977-00032373": "repetitive things there is quite a lot", "zwJXpf5JD14-00106-00032374-00032532": "of frameworks out there i'm going to go", "zwJXpf5JD14-00107-00032533-00032778": "through some of those i'm sure there is", "zwJXpf5JD14-00108-00032779-00033243": "more but those are the ones that we are", "zwJXpf5JD14-00109-00033244-00033446": "we were curious and when looking into", "zwJXpf5JD14-00110-00033447-00033978": "frameworks that can do that for us any", "zwJXpf5JD14-00111-00033979-00034287": "questions about the previous things or", "zwJXpf5JD14-00112-00034288-00034746": "is it still all clear and yeah all right", "zwJXpf5JD14-00113-00034747-00035217": "good this is this is a yeah a big list", "zwJXpf5JD14-00114-00035218-00035502": "i'm just going to go through some small", "zwJXpf5JD14-00115-00035503-00035820": "details from plus or minus minuses and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00116-00035821-00036171": "keep in mind we wanted to for our", "zwJXpf5JD14-00117-00036172-00036345": "company will wanted to test it on an", "zwJXpf5JD14-00118-00036346-00036638": "actual device and not on an emulator and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00119-00036639-00037230": "we wanted to test on android version 2.3", "zwJXpf5JD14-00120-00037231-00037614": "and higher so that's that's why for us", "zwJXpf5JD14-00121-00037615-00038028": "the the pluses and minuses are there so", "zwJXpf5JD14-00122-00038029-00038199": "first we got an instrumentation test", "zwJXpf5JD14-00123-00038200-00038274": "runner", "zwJXpf5JD14-00124-00038275-00038526": "actually the the sort of basics when you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00125-00038527-00038688": "start developing Android this is what", "zwJXpf5JD14-00126-00038689-00038985": "you will find in the manuals which you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00127-00038986-00039297": "could use a test run on device and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00128-00039298-00039486": "emulator it's a pretty song", "zwJXpf5JD14-00129-00039487-00039768": "comprehensive tool you can use a", "zwJXpf5JD14-00130-00039769-00040170": "framework you can use but it's it's it", "zwJXpf5JD14-00131-00040171-00040347": "doesn't have many convenience methods so", "zwJXpf5JD14-00132-00040348-00040596": "there is there is a bit of programming", "zwJXpf5JD14-00133-00040597-00041060": "you need to do to get an actual step two", "zwJXpf5JD14-00134-00041061-00041508": "to work in your test because it runs on", "zwJXpf5JD14-00135-00041509-00041919": "an emulator and or on a device it's", "zwJXpf5JD14-00136-00041920-00042255": "relatively slow there will be quite a", "zwJXpf5JD14-00137-00042256-00042444": "couple of frameworks in the next slides", "zwJXpf5JD14-00138-00042445-00042852": "that have the same minus yeah just just", "zwJXpf5JD14-00139-00042853-00043275": "read you know all right who have you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00140-00043276-00044073": "heard of robotium good yeah robotium is", "zwJXpf5JD14-00141-00044074-00044289": "actually sort of built on top of the the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00142-00044290-00044631": "previous one so it's also a solid", "zwJXpf5JD14-00143-00044632-00044814": "comprehensive it has the same pluses and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00144-00044815-00045033": "minuses as a previous ones well not say", "zwJXpf5JD14-00145-00045034-00045368": "minuses because this one does have", "zwJXpf5JD14-00146-00045369-00045596": "convenience method methods which makes", "zwJXpf5JD14-00147-00045597-00046008": "make it easier to do the functional part", "zwJXpf5JD14-00148-00046009-00046611": "of the testing build on top here has to", "zwJXpf5JD14-00149-00046612-00046796": "run on device hire me later for us as a", "zwJXpf5JD14-00150-00046797-00047010": "plus because that's what we wanted to do", "zwJXpf5JD14-00151-00047011-00047211": "that's what we that's how we wanted to", "zwJXpf5JD14-00152-00047212-00047681": "test relatively slow because of it ok", "zwJXpf5JD14-00153-00047682-00048257": "who've you seen Forrest Gump", "zwJXpf5JD14-00154-00048258-00048530": "well I I bet you there is going to be", "zwJXpf5JD14-00155-00048531-00048739": "less people that use Robo lactic who've", "zwJXpf5JD14-00156-00048740-00049342": "you used robolectric told you okay well", "zwJXpf5JD14-00157-00049343-00049685": "the nice thing about this and about", "zwJXpf5JD14-00158-00049686-00049907": "Forrest Gump is that it runs really fast", "zwJXpf5JD14-00159-00049908-00050299": "when it needs to and it doesn't run on a", "zwJXpf5JD14-00160-00050300-00050573": "device or emulator so that's that's what", "zwJXpf5JD14-00161-00050574-00051136": "makes it false so for us this wasn't", "zwJXpf5JD14-00162-00051137-00051364": "something we would use because we wanted", "zwJXpf5JD14-00163-00051365-00051802": "to test it on a device okay you are", "zwJXpf5JD14-00164-00051803-00052085": "automator something which has sort of", "zwJXpf5JD14-00165-00052086-00052496": "recently relatively recently been", "zwJXpf5JD14-00166-00052497-00052766": "announced I haven't looked into it very", "zwJXpf5JD14-00167-00052766-00053090": "much yet because it requires android 4.1", "zwJXpf5JD14-00168-00053091-00053257": "and higher but it's definitely worth the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00169-00053258-00053819": "check so check it out and something else", "zwJXpf5JD14-00170-00053820-00054157": "which has more recently been in the sort", "zwJXpf5JD14-00171-00054158-00054329": "of spotlights is something called", "zwJXpf5JD14-00172-00054329-00054541": "espresso and as you might see by the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00173-00054542-00054817": "picture I don't know much about espresso", "zwJXpf5JD14-00174-00054819-00055148": "just yet but also this is definitely", "zwJXpf5JD14-00175-00055149-00055630": "worth the check i also like tea so okay", "zwJXpf5JD14-00176-00055632-00055847": "now a calabash this is probably what", "zwJXpf5JD14-00177-00055848-00056407": "y'all came for so now you've seen it now", "zwJXpf5JD14-00178-00056408-00056675": "we can go right or what do you want to", "zwJXpf5JD14-00179-00056676-00057154": "know something about alibis and you you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00180-00057155-00057406": "didn't need to have too much technical", "zwJXpf5JD14-00181-00057407-00057629": "knowledge to write calabash tests we", "zwJXpf5JD14-00182-00057629-00057836": "will see that soon we'll go through some", "zwJXpf5JD14-00183-00057837-00058322": "examples uses robotium which is a solid", "zwJXpf5JD14-00184-00058323-00058585": "comprehensive you don't need to do any", "zwJXpf5JD14-00185-00058586-00059118": "robotium based test writing itself", "zwJXpf5JD14-00186-00059119-00059407": "support for android but also iOS which", "zwJXpf5JD14-00187-00059408-00059675": "is for us a very big plus because we", "zwJXpf5JD14-00188-00059676-00059863": "write applications for iOS and Android", "zwJXpf5JD14-00189-00059864-00060196": "and also for mobile web at our company", "zwJXpf5JD14-00190-00060197-00060440": "which means that if you write a calabash", "zwJXpf5JD14-00191-00060441-00060659": "test for Android then you can easily", "zwJXpf5JD14-00192-00060660-00060950": "port it to iOS and if you do it right", "zwJXpf5JD14-00193-00060951-00061259": "then you don't even need to do", "zwJXpf5JD14-00194-00061260-00061644": "anything which is great if you wait", "zwJXpf5JD14-00195-00061645-00062407": "applications for more OSS the downside", "zwJXpf5JD14-00196-00062408-00062575": "is it needs a bit of insulation and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00197-00062576-00062849": "configuration you need to have a little", "zwJXpf5JD14-00198-00062850-00063134": "bit of knowledge of Ruby which I didn't", "zwJXpf5JD14-00199-00063135-00063376": "when I started so that was a bit of a", "zwJXpf5JD14-00200-00063377-00063824": "interesting one for me the app that you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00201-00063825-00063943": "will be testing needs internet", "zwJXpf5JD14-00202-00063944-00064282": "permissions which could be a minus for", "zwJXpf5JD14-00203-00064283-00064691": "people and because it runs on a device", "zwJXpf5JD14-00204-00064691-00064867": "on an emulator it's relatively slow", "zwJXpf5JD14-00205-00064869-00065471": "again okay that's what we did so far are", "zwJXpf5JD14-00206-00065472-00065999": "there any more questions oh okay then", "zwJXpf5JD14-00207-00066000-00066512": "we'll go into this cucumber and gherkin", "zwJXpf5JD14-00208-00066513-00066856": "it's a bit weird when I first heard of", "zwJXpf5JD14-00209-00066857-00067124": "cucumber jerk and I was like well what", "zwJXpf5JD14-00210-00067125-00067574": "oh it's pretty easy cucumber is Ruby", "zwJXpf5JD14-00211-00067575-00067874": "based tool which allows you allows you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00212-00067875-00068198": "to run functional tests and it", "zwJXpf5JD14-00213-00068199-00068441": "understands the gherkin language which", "zwJXpf5JD14-00214-00068442-00068812": "is a natural language which means that", "zwJXpf5JD14-00215-00068813-00069011": "you don't need to code Java or you don't", "zwJXpf5JD14-00216-00069012-00069301": "need to code anything else necessarily", "zwJXpf5JD14-00217-00069302-00069628": "but you can use actual words that", "zwJXpf5JD14-00218-00069629-00070178": "non-technical people can understand all", "zwJXpf5JD14-00219-00070179-00070374": "right let's say we have an application", "zwJXpf5JD14-00220-00070375-00070642": "the first screen you see is a login", "zwJXpf5JD14-00221-00070643-00070865": "screen you can fill in a username and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00222-00070866-00071059": "password you have a login button and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00223-00071060-00071297": "after having logged in you will see a", "zwJXpf5JD14-00224-00071298-00071747": "list of 20 items I advise you not to use", "zwJXpf5JD14-00225-00071748-00072005": "names as item 6 because it doesn't make", "zwJXpf5JD14-00226-00072006-00072250": "sense and no one understands what it is", "zwJXpf5JD14-00227-00072251-00072757": "but for this example this is what we're", "zwJXpf5JD14-00228-00072758-00072967": "going to be talking about in the next", "zwJXpf5JD14-00229-00072968-00073162": "slide so keep this in mind the login", "zwJXpf5JD14-00230-00073163-00073363": "screen and then 20 items in the next", "zwJXpf5JD14-00231-00073364-00073621": "screen", "zwJXpf5JD14-00232-00073622-00074069": "alright I'm going to talk about gherkin", "zwJXpf5JD14-00233-00074070-00074641": "now and go teenis sort of the way you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00234-00074642-00075016": "form your your testing so what you first", "zwJXpf5JD14-00235-00075017-00075301": "define is something called a feature and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00236-00075302-00075548": "what a feature does is what if what you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00237-00075549-00076004": "describe in a feature is something that", "zwJXpf5JD14-00238-00076005-00076178": "is about a specific part of your", "zwJXpf5JD14-00239-00076179-00076351": "application a specific feature of your", "zwJXpf5JD14-00240-00076352-00076580": "application so for example we have a", "zwJXpf5JD14-00241-00076581-00076844": "login feature so what we will be doing", "zwJXpf5JD14-00242-00076845-00077249": "in that is test the login maybe even the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00243-00077250-00077615": "logout mechanism see if errors occur if", "zwJXpf5JD14-00244-00077616-00077942": "what happens when when you log in with", "zwJXpf5JD14-00245-00077943-00078188": "bron credentials if that is handled as", "zwJXpf5JD14-00246-00078189-00078437": "you expect it to do same goes for the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00247-00078438-00078704": "options so the 20 items in the list you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00248-00078705-00078953": "can check if there is actually 20 items", "zwJXpf5JD14-00249-00078954-00079285": "and if the items that are in there are", "zwJXpf5JD14-00250-00079286-00079730": "really in there so what you can what I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00251-00079731-00079895": "actually just said is that there is", "zwJXpf5JD14-00252-00079896-00080128": "specific scenarios you can perform in", "zwJXpf5JD14-00253-00080129-00080363": "features like that so for example when", "zwJXpf5JD14-00254-00080364-00080723": "you do login you can see what happens if", "zwJXpf5JD14-00255-00080724-00080956": "no credentials were filled in whatsoever", "zwJXpf5JD14-00256-00080957-00081191": "wrong credentials correct credentials", "zwJXpf5JD14-00257-00081192-00081521": "log off so this is specific for that", "zwJXpf5JD14-00258-00081522-00081901": "part of the application features there", "zwJXpf5JD14-00259-00081902-00082207": "is one item in the list which is called", "zwJXpf5JD14-00260-00082208-00082469": "done long press this and yeah you want", "zwJXpf5JD14-00261-00082470-00082622": "to see what happens when someone does", "zwJXpf5JD14-00262-00082623-00083200": "long press it for example when you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00263-00083201-00083576": "define scenarios like that there is", "zwJXpf5JD14-00264-00083577-00083749": "steps you need to take so for example", "zwJXpf5JD14-00265-00083750-00084197": "when you log in with no credentials what", "zwJXpf5JD14-00266-00084198-00084382": "you will essentially be doing is", "zwJXpf5JD14-00267-00084383-00084607": "pressing the login button and see what", "zwJXpf5JD14-00268-00084608-00084893": "happens same goes for when you log in", "zwJXpf5JD14-00269-00084894-00085037": "with the right credentials what you will", "zwJXpf5JD14-00270-00085038-00085253": "be doing is filling something in in the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00271-00085254-00085442": "field that has a hint username and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00272-00085443-00085697": "filling something in in the field that", "zwJXpf5JD14-00273-00085698-00085994": "has the hint password and then you press", "zwJXpf5JD14-00274-00085995-00086126": "the login button and see", "zwJXpf5JD14-00275-00086127-00086731": "what happens was that clear so far this", "zwJXpf5JD14-00276-00086732-00087266": "makes sense all right good", "zwJXpf5JD14-00277-00087267-00087596": "so in short you create a feature file", "zwJXpf5JD14-00278-00087597-00087788": "for each features or each part of your", "zwJXpf5JD14-00279-00087789-00088094": "application you define scenarios in", "zwJXpf5JD14-00280-00088095-00088538": "these feature files you define a step or", "zwJXpf5JD14-00281-00088539-00088922": "more steps per scenario and this is an", "zwJXpf5JD14-00282-00088923-00089210": "actual example of the option screen", "zwJXpf5JD14-00283-00089211-00089447": "feature so that's the one with the 20", "zwJXpf5JD14-00284-00089448-00089759": "items in the list I'm going to go", "zwJXpf5JD14-00285-00089760-00089960": "through it step-by-step so what we see", "zwJXpf5JD14-00286-00089961-00090143": "in the first three lines and the first", "zwJXpf5JD14-00287-00090144-00090317": "line we see the definition of the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00288-00090318-00090616": "feature so what you define as feature", "zwJXpf5JD14-00289-00090617-00091052": "development that character after feature", "zwJXpf5JD14-00290-00091053-00091400": "how to know the name in English but that", "zwJXpf5JD14-00291-00091401-00091610": "and then the sort of name that describes", "zwJXpf5JD14-00292-00091611-00092030": "what that feature is about so in this", "zwJXpf5JD14-00293-00092031-00092213": "case its defeat the options of screen", "zwJXpf5JD14-00294-00092214-00092582": "the the lines after which can be over", "zwJXpf5JD14-00295-00092583-00092858": "two lines but in my case two lines was", "zwJXpf5JD14-00296-00092859-00093203": "enough will sort of describe what the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00297-00093204-00093772": "expected behavior of that feature is", "zwJXpf5JD14-00298-00093773-00094106": "afterwards like I said before you will", "zwJXpf5JD14-00299-00094107-00094334": "be defining a scenario or more scenarios", "zwJXpf5JD14-00300-00094335-00094742": "this is one scenario and on Line six we", "zwJXpf5JD14-00301-00094743-00094997": "define the scenario and what you see", "zwJXpf5JD14-00302-00094998-00095339": "here again is like an explanation of", "zwJXpf5JD14-00303-00095340-00095699": "what that scenario will be testing on", "zwJXpf5JD14-00304-00095700-00095990": "line one and line six those are just", "zwJXpf5JD14-00305-00095991-00096371": "names so those won't perform any actual", "zwJXpf5JD14-00306-00096372-00096722": "steps actual actions so nothing will be", "zwJXpf5JD14-00307-00096723-00096938": "pressed nothing will be filled in this", "zwJXpf5JD14-00308-00096939-00097196": "is just for you to know what is being", "zwJXpf5JD14-00309-00097197-00097716": "tested and it should be doing", "zwJXpf5JD14-00310-00097717-00098000": "you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00311-00098001-00098310": "what we see on line 5 is tags you can", "zwJXpf5JD14-00312-00098311-00098617": "tag scenarios so let's say you have", "zwJXpf5JD14-00313-00098618-00098997": "multiple features but some of them have", "zwJXpf5JD14-00314-00098998-00099635": "sort of similar functionality but they", "zwJXpf5JD14-00315-00099636-00099765": "belong in a different part of your", "zwJXpf5JD14-00316-00099766-00099980": "application then you can use tags and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00317-00099981-00100304": "when you run calabash you can use those", "zwJXpf5JD14-00318-00100305-00100584": "tags to specify do those are the types", "zwJXpf5JD14-00319-00100585-00101117": "of things I would like to test so then", "zwJXpf5JD14-00320-00101118-00101310": "it won't go through all the features and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00321-00101311-00101591": "all the scenarios but it will go through", "zwJXpf5JD14-00322-00101592-00102179": "the specific tagged scenarios all right", "zwJXpf5JD14-00323-00102180-00102685": "and then this it seems quite a lot but", "zwJXpf5JD14-00324-00102686-00103277": "maybe I might actually just just ask", "zwJXpf5JD14-00325-00103278-00103505": "someone is there anyone in the audience", "zwJXpf5JD14-00326-00103506-00103852": "who would like to sort of tell me what", "zwJXpf5JD14-00327-00103853-00104223": "you think that happens here if you keep", "zwJXpf5JD14-00328-00104224-00104721": "in mind the login screen and the options", "zwJXpf5JD14-00329-00104722-00105022": "screen", "zwJXpf5JD14-00330-00105023-00105244": "is anyone is there anyone in the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00331-00105245-00105757": "audience who thinks that the it doesn't", "zwJXpf5JD14-00332-00105758-00106277": "make sense", "zwJXpf5JD14-00333-00106278-00106640": "make sense right yeah that's sir that's", "zwJXpf5JD14-00334-00106641-00106838": "what I thought it too well let's let me", "zwJXpf5JD14-00335-00106839-00107204": "let me go through it in line seven given", "zwJXpf5JD14-00336-00107205-00107500": "i logged in as a value a valid user", "zwJXpf5JD14-00337-00107501-00107849": "let's go actually first through the sort", "zwJXpf5JD14-00338-00107850-00108296": "of read english words given one then", "zwJXpf5JD14-00339-00108297-00108815": "those are names or things that come at", "zwJXpf5JD14-00340-00108816-00109031": "the beginning of your step so like i", "zwJXpf5JD14-00341-00109032-00109217": "said before when you log in with with", "zwJXpf5JD14-00342-00109218-00109604": "right credentials fill in username and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00343-00109605-00109973": "password the given name of the given", "zwJXpf5JD14-00344-00109974-00110354": "word sort of specified the initial state", "zwJXpf5JD14-00345-00110355-00110708": "of your application so let's say we are", "zwJXpf5JD14-00346-00110708-00110945": "going to be testing our options screen", "zwJXpf5JD14-00347-00110946-00111233": "we assume that we went to the option", "zwJXpf5JD14-00348-00111233-00111404": "screen and we are the logged in user", "zwJXpf5JD14-00349-00111405-00111665": "because that's the flow we log in then", "zwJXpf5JD14-00350-00111666-00111908": "we get to the option screen so the given", "zwJXpf5JD14-00351-00111908-00112253": "sort of sets the initial state we are in", "zwJXpf5JD14-00352-00112254-00112721": "the option screen now and when is what", "zwJXpf5JD14-00353-00112722-00113051": "you define the action that needs to be", "zwJXpf5JD14-00354-00113052-00113734": "taken so I long press don't long press", "zwJXpf5JD14-00355-00113735-00114275": "this that's what what will be done then", "zwJXpf5JD14-00356-00114276-00114581": "afterwards you will see usually we'll", "zwJXpf5JD14-00357-00114582-00114926": "see then and that sort of specifies what", "zwJXpf5JD14-00358-00114927-00115234": "you expect so first you have a state", "zwJXpf5JD14-00359-00115235-00115534": "then you perform an action and then you", "zwJXpf5JD14-00360-00115535-00115853": "see what the action did so what the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00361-00115854-00116138": "reaction was to that action you can", "zwJXpf5JD14-00362-00116139-00116492": "combine these three words with Aunt Em", "zwJXpf5JD14-00363-00116493-00116801": "but so you can say like you see in line", "zwJXpf5JD14-00364-00116802-00117065": "9 and 10 you can see to say I see", "zwJXpf5JD14-00365-00117066-00117334": "something old message but I also and I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00366-00117335-00117542": "see long press but I should not see", "zwJXpf5JD14-00367-00117543-00117932": "welcome so", "zwJXpf5JD14-00368-00117933-00118510": "still clear up till now yeah okay", "zwJXpf5JD14-00369-00118511-00118786": "you have any questions just raise your", "zwJXpf5JD14-00370-00118788-00119059": "hands on number I will answer them", "zwJXpf5JD14-00371-00119060-00119359": "gladly okay so what we see in line seven", "zwJXpf5JD14-00372-00119360-00119765": "is a custom step and the other lines are", "zwJXpf5JD14-00373-00119766-00120041": "can't steps well let me go into concepts", "zwJXpf5JD14-00374-00120042-00120269": "first ten steps are steps that are", "zwJXpf5JD14-00375-00120270-00120578": "provided by the calabash framework which", "zwJXpf5JD14-00376-00120579-00121159": "means that the the sentences are known", "zwJXpf5JD14-00377-00121160-00121336": "by calabash oh you didn't need to do", "zwJXpf5JD14-00378-00121338-00121703": "anything to get those working so for", "zwJXpf5JD14-00379-00121704-00122066": "example I see and then something in", "zwJXpf5JD14-00380-00122067-00122500": "quotes that is understood by calabash", "zwJXpf5JD14-00381-00122501-00122836": "which means that you don't need to do", "zwJXpf5JD14-00382-00122838-00123095": "any custom coding for that I mentioned", "zwJXpf5JD14-00383-00123096-00123449": "earlier that there is some knowledge", "zwJXpf5JD14-00384-00123450-00123841": "needed for some renewed knowledge needed", "zwJXpf5JD14-00385-00123842-00124202": "that is for the custom steps so calabash", "zwJXpf5JD14-00386-00124203-00124550": "doesn't know what a valid user is so I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00387-00124551-00124901": "defined herein on line 7 I defined given", "zwJXpf5JD14-00388-00124902-00125114": "i logged in as a valid user caliber she", "zwJXpf5JD14-00389-00125115-00125273": "doesn't know that so there is something", "zwJXpf5JD14-00390-00125274-00125528": "you can do to create custom steps that", "zwJXpf5JD14-00391-00125529-00125738": "will for example fill in the right", "zwJXpf5JD14-00392-00125739-00125891": "username the right password and then", "zwJXpf5JD14-00393-00125892-00126109": "press the login button that's what it", "zwJXpf5JD14-00394-00126110-00126760": "does we go there is this still clear", "zwJXpf5JD14-00395-00126761-00127091": "yeah all right seems like I'm doing a", "zwJXpf5JD14-00396-00127092-00127643": "good job like the custom step this is", "zwJXpf5JD14-00397-00127644-00127796": "actually the custom step that we saw in", "zwJXpf5JD14-00398-00127797-00128251": "the previous example the previous slide", "zwJXpf5JD14-00399-00128252-00128576": "yeah this is a bit bit overwhelming", "zwJXpf5JD14-00400-00128577-00128765": "especially if you don't have any Ruby", "zwJXpf5JD14-00401-00128766-00129194": "knowledge it got me quite a bit took me", "zwJXpf5JD14-00402-00129195-00129347": "quite a bit to actually get this up and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00403-00129348-00129722": "running like this but you define a", "zwJXpf5JD14-00404-00129723-00130018": "custom step in a separate file", "zwJXpf5JD14-00405-00130019-00130381": "and calabash picks that one up and what", "zwJXpf5JD14-00406-00130382-00130957": "you see in in line three is the actual", "zwJXpf5JD14-00407-00130958-00131166": "sentence that calabash will eventually", "zwJXpf5JD14-00408-00131167-00131482": "understand so if you go back to this", "zwJXpf5JD14-00409-00131483-00131712": "slide given i logged in as a valley user", "zwJXpf5JD14-00410-00131713-00131974": "once you define a custom slept like this", "zwJXpf5JD14-00411-00131975-00132331": "caliber she understands it if you make", "zwJXpf5JD14-00412-00132332-00132499": "sure that the code in between the do and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00413-00132500-00132811": "the end on line three in line 15 is its", "zwJXpf5JD14-00414-00132812-00133338": "correct line five defined what should", "zwJXpf5JD14-00415-00133339-00133688": "happen on line 6 there is something", "zwJXpf5JD14-00416-00133689-00134112": "there is an if statement and what it", "zwJXpf5JD14-00417-00134113-00134640": "essentially does it checks if there is", "zwJXpf5JD14-00418-00134641-00134836": "an edittext with a hint username and if", "zwJXpf5JD14-00419-00134837-00135051": "there is an edit text within the hint", "zwJXpf5JD14-00420-00135052-00135532": "text password and if that's the case we", "zwJXpf5JD14-00421-00135533-00135902": "assume that we are in the login screen", "zwJXpf5JD14-00422-00135903-00136132": "because in my application there is only", "zwJXpf5JD14-00423-00136133-00136249": "one law against screen that has a", "zwJXpf5JD14-00424-00136250-00136536": "username and a password hint just feel", "zwJXpf5JD14-00425-00136537-00137229": "it page so what we see on line 9 to 12", "zwJXpf5JD14-00426-00137230-00137548": "is actually what I sort of discussed", "zwJXpf5JD14-00427-00137549-00138015": "before you feel username in you feel", "zwJXpf5JD14-00428-00138016-00138276": "password in you feel you press the login", "zwJXpf5JD14-00429-00138277-00138595": "button and then you wait up to 10", "zwJXpf5JD14-00430-00138596-00138832": "seconds to see if the next activity in", "zwJXpf5JD14-00431-00138833-00139108": "this case the option screen would", "zwJXpf5JD14-00432-00139109-00139572": "appears yeah question over there", "zwJXpf5JD14-00433-00139573-00140013": "by the handsome young man thank you um I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00434-00140014-00140211": "have a question the lines nine till", "zwJXpf5JD14-00435-00140212-00140541": "twelve our candidate steps yeah can L", "zwJXpf5JD14-00436-00140542-00140979": "can also be custom steps yes they can", "zwJXpf5JD14-00437-00140980-00141315": "okay um I don't have an end this example", "zwJXpf5JD14-00438-00141316-00141591": "but yes it can but you have to make sure", "zwJXpf5JD14-00439-00141592-00141903": "that they are known so what you see in", "zwJXpf5JD14-00440-00141904-00142731": "line one sort of make sure that it's", "zwJXpf5JD14-00441-00142732-00143046": "known in the general calabash steps kind", "zwJXpf5JD14-00442-00143047-00143304": "of thing okay the ones that once you've", "zwJXpf5JD14-00443-00143305-00143700": "done that I'm yeah you can I think yeah", "zwJXpf5JD14-00444-00143701-00144012": "I have an example in my coat that sort", "zwJXpf5JD14-00445-00144013-00144774": "of uses actually the line nine and ten", "zwJXpf5JD14-00446-00144775-00145065": "or not can steps these are steps that I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00447-00145066-00145485": "defined so calabash doesn't have canned", "zwJXpf5JD14-00448-00145486-00145994": "steps to find an edit text by a hint", "zwJXpf5JD14-00449-00145995-00146313": "name so those are 9 and 10 are canned", "zwJXpf5JD14-00450-00146314-00146613": "stuff non our custom steps okay thank", "zwJXpf5JD14-00451-00146614-00147020": "you you're welcome", "zwJXpf5JD14-00452-00147021-00147299": "apart from the Ruby syntax assists or", "zwJXpf5JD14-00453-00147300-00147664": "also sort of clear yeah alright cool", "zwJXpf5JD14-00454-00147665-00148154": "move you know Ruby use it I think it's", "zwJXpf5JD14-00455-00148155-00148289": "the same people that raised their hands", "zwJXpf5JD14-00456-00148290-00148771": "just now so I'm not sure ok goo well ok", "zwJXpf5JD14-00457-00148772-00149332": "it's demo time and as lots of you know", "zwJXpf5JD14-00458-00149333-00149609": "then what gods are often not with us so", "zwJXpf5JD14-00459-00149610-00149975": "what I did I prepared a video of a demo", "zwJXpf5JD14-00460-00149976-00150218": "that I did just in case the demo gods", "zwJXpf5JD14-00461-00150219-00150494": "are not with us but you can still see", "zwJXpf5JD14-00462-00150495-00151256": "the the power of calabash what we see on", "zwJXpf5JD14-00463-00151257-00151604": "the right is an emulator what we see on", "zwJXpf5JD14-00464-00151605-00152123": "the left is a terminal or didn't even", "zwJXpf5JD14-00465-00152124-00153123": "know the name of Mont line something and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00466-00153124-00153629": "and what we see at the top it's a bit", "zwJXpf5JD14-00467-00153630-00153843": "hard to kind of make this more full", "zwJXpf5JD14-00468-00153844-00154173": "screen it's a lot more full screen and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00469-00154174-00154770": "you you see it's a second I'm going to", "zwJXpf5JD14-00470-00154771-00157035": "see if I can sort of two min", "zwJXpf5JD14-00471-00157036-00157551": "well the line behind this black bar is", "zwJXpf5JD14-00472-00157552-00157959": "what we're looking for is that readable", "zwJXpf5JD14-00473-00157960-00158355": "at all oh that's good okay because here", "zwJXpf5JD14-00474-00158356-00158481": "it looks a bit blurry but maybe it's", "zwJXpf5JD14-00475-00158482-00158733": "just me being tired or a dinner anyway", "zwJXpf5JD14-00476-00158734-00159003": "what you see first is the command", "zwJXpf5JD14-00477-00159004-00159329": "calabash Android in case you are", "zwJXpf5JD14-00478-00159330-00159729": "developing or using or testing on iOS", "zwJXpf5JD14-00479-00159730-00159900": "you need to run a different command I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00480-00159901-00160146": "think it's cucumber but anyway let's", "zwJXpf5JD14-00481-00160147-00160323": "talk about Android because we're at", "zwJXpf5JD14-00482-00160324-00160725": "droidcon calabash androids then you say", "zwJXpf5JD14-00483-00160726-00160989": "run because you want to run calabash", "zwJXpf5JD14-00484-00160990-00161289": "test and then you specify the APK file", "zwJXpf5JD14-00485-00161290-00161627": "that you want to be testing what I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00486-00161628-00162024": "defined here as well is the specific", "zwJXpf5JD14-00487-00162025-00162213": "feature that I want to test so in this", "zwJXpf5JD14-00488-00162214-00162546": "case that's the option feature and I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00489-00162547-00162765": "define the specific tag I actually just", "zwJXpf5JD14-00490-00162766-00163188": "want to check the long press tag I'm", "zwJXpf5JD14-00491-00163189-00163443": "going to zoom out again so you can see", "zwJXpf5JD14-00492-00163444-00163911": "the emulator when a triad to the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00493-00163912-00164553": "mountain areas yeah okay", "zwJXpf5JD14-00494-00164554-00164821": "so it will be going a little bit fast", "zwJXpf5JD14-00495-00164822-00164952": "but what you'll see in the left on the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00496-00164953-00165145": "terminal is the steps that are being", "zwJXpf5JD14-00497-00165146-00165390": "performed from calabash and on the right", "zwJXpf5JD14-00498-00165391-00165624": "you see them being performed on the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00499-00165625-00165924": "emulator this is also recorded at the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00500-00165925-00166309": "same time so this is how you will see it", "zwJXpf5JD14-00501-00166310-00168027": "as well when you use calabash", "zwJXpf5JD14-00502-00168028-00168339": "so what it just performed is the locate", "zwJXpf5JD14-00503-00168340-00168597": "login and as you can see in the left", "zwJXpf5JD14-00504-00168598-00168771": "side given i logged in as eval users", "zwJXpf5JD14-00505-00168772-00169372": "green which means that it went well", "zwJXpf5JD14-00506-00169373-00169744": "I see long press I see that on the right", "zwJXpf5JD14-00507-00169745-00170185": "side in the message box but I should not", "zwJXpf5JD14-00508-00170186-00170761": "see welcome I didn't see welcome which", "zwJXpf5JD14-00509-00170762-00171277": "okay go long press this text I should", "zwJXpf5JD14-00510-00171278-00171577": "see well done I see that in that lower", "zwJXpf5JD14-00511-00171578-00172117": "dialogue", "zwJXpf5JD14-00512-00172118-00172345": "and that's actually it that's that's one", "zwJXpf5JD14-00513-00172346-00172675": "test but instead of having to do this", "zwJXpf5JD14-00514-00172676-00173053": "manually you just wrote text that's", "zwJXpf5JD14-00515-00173054-00173617": "readable by most people which which", "zwJXpf5JD14-00516-00173618-00173890": "which makes it easier to start writing", "zwJXpf5JD14-00517-00173891-00174301": "tests we had a tester in that didn't", "zwJXpf5JD14-00518-00174302-00174493": "know any technical stuff but he could", "zwJXpf5JD14-00519-00174494-00174966": "write tests for us this way so yeah", "zwJXpf5JD14-00520-00174967-00175605": "that's pretty easy right what's or two", "zwJXpf5JD14-00521-00175606-00176270": "what five minutes No", "zwJXpf5JD14-00522-00176271-00177144": "go back to the presentation", "zwJXpf5JD14-00523-00177145-00177491": "all right do you do any of you before I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00524-00177492-00177672": "dive into continuous integration do and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00525-00177673-00177902": "if you have any tests about calabash and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00526-00177903-00178119": "how it works and how it should work or", "zwJXpf5JD14-00527-00178120-00178571": "it was a clear enough yeah all right", "zwJXpf5JD14-00528-00178572-00178812": "continuous integration who have you do", "zwJXpf5JD14-00529-00178813-00179475": "it use it it you're doing good well we", "zwJXpf5JD14-00530-00179476-00179871": "do too and there wasn't a maven plugin", "zwJXpf5JD14-00531-00179872-00180420": "to use your calabash or start your", "zwJXpf5JD14-00532-00180421-00180684": "calabash tests from for example Jenkins", "zwJXpf5JD14-00533-00180685-00181025": "and colleague of mine colleagues of mine", "zwJXpf5JD14-00534-00181026-00181437": "and I wrote a plug-in which we still", "zwJXpf5JD14-00535-00181438-00181719": "need to open source which will be open", "zwJXpf5JD14-00536-00181720-00182100": "source soon next next week that's a", "zwJXpf5JD14-00537-00182101-00182436": "colleague next he's going to be doing it", "zwJXpf5JD14-00538-00182437-00182631": "right I'm not going to yeah he's going", "zwJXpf5JD14-00539-00182632-00182895": "to do now is going to be open source in", "zwJXpf5JD14-00540-00182896-00183336": "any case and this allows you to do all", "zwJXpf5JD14-00541-00183337-00183474": "of the people that just raise their", "zwJXpf5JD14-00542-00183475-00183708": "hands also use Jenkins for their", "zwJXpf5JD14-00543-00183709-00184100": "continuous integration or yeah good", "zwJXpf5JD14-00544-00184101-00184350": "there is already a cucumber reports", "zwJXpf5JD14-00545-00184351-00184589": "plugin available and income in", "zwJXpf5JD14-00546-00184590-00184833": "combination with the maven plugin we now", "zwJXpf5JD14-00547-00184834-00185400": "have tests that run continuously this is", "zwJXpf5JD14-00548-00185401-00185765": "what the cucumber reports plugin looks", "zwJXpf5JD14-00549-00185766-00186137": "like so what you will see is the past", "zwJXpf5JD14-00550-00186138-00186578": "steps the field steps to skip steps and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00551-00186579-00186732": "then I don't even know what that is", "zwJXpf5JD14-00552-00186733-00187032": "never saw and never seen it but you see", "zwJXpf5JD14-00553-00187033-00187250": "nice graphs but you can also click into", "zwJXpf5JD14-00554-00187251-00187446": "stuff so if you look at the left bottom", "zwJXpf5JD14-00555-00187447-00187650": "you see like a table and if you click on", "zwJXpf5JD14-00556-00187651-00187913": "login feature you will see the scenarios", "zwJXpf5JD14-00557-00187914-00188102": "and steps that are were performed I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00558-00188103-00188271": "think you actually see something like", "zwJXpf5JD14-00559-00188272-00188457": "that on the right you see the login", "zwJXpf5JD14-00560-00188458-00188670": "feature and you see where stuff went", "zwJXpf5JD14-00561-00188671-00189081": "wrong also from calabash you can for", "zwJXpf5JD14-00562-00189082-00189297": "example creates print screens which will", "zwJXpf5JD14-00563-00189298-00189544": "also be shown in this", "zwJXpf5JD14-00564-00189545-00190198": "little tool little plugin that was", "zwJXpf5JD14-00565-00190199-00190444": "actually it for me for today are there", "zwJXpf5JD14-00566-00190445-00190699": "any more questions or was it all very", "zwJXpf5JD14-00567-00190700-00191071": "clear yes the other handsome young man", "zwJXpf5JD14-00568-00191072-00191509": "in the front the end there you showed a", "zwJXpf5JD14-00569-00191510-00191913": "maven plugin yeah what about Gradle and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00570-00191914-00192240": "that's that's something on my my wish", "zwJXpf5JD14-00571-00192241-00192579": "list well when when we at the moment", "zwJXpf5JD14-00572-00192580-00192879": "we're not using Gradle actively a at all", "zwJXpf5JD14-00573-00192880-00193456": "and I think it should be be there but I", "zwJXpf5JD14-00574-00193457-00193743": "cannot promise that it will be next week", "zwJXpf5JD14-00575-00193744-00194131": "yeah so but it's definitely worth having", "zwJXpf5JD14-00576-00194132-00194358": "an especially because it seems like", "zwJXpf5JD14-00577-00194359-00194700": "everyone is going to towards Gradle and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00578-00194701-00195307": "yeah make sense good question other", "zwJXpf5JD14-00579-00195308-00195523": "questions", "zwJXpf5JD14-00580-00195524-00195991": "no okay then if you want to get in", "zwJXpf5JD14-00581-00195992-00196222": "contact with me you can like you can", "zwJXpf5JD14-00582-00196223-00196681": "best find me on Oh plus I also post the", "zwJXpf5JD14-00583-00196682-00196924": "slides of this presentation on there and", "zwJXpf5JD14-00584-00196925-00197239": "I think the organization will be sharing", "zwJXpf5JD14-00585-00197240-00197504": "the slides as well i'm not sure but", "zwJXpf5JD14-00586-00197505-00199582": "thank you very much for your time", "zwJXpf5JD14-00587-00199583-00200263": "too much no problem thank you thank you"}}, {"audio_id": "zwOzAGvEsRU", "text": {"zwOzAGvEsRU-00000-00000287-00001513": "you", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00001-00001514-00001789": "we started our discussion on Hamilton's", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00002-00001789-00001948": "equations of motion and Hamiltonian", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00003-00001948-00002284": "systems let me briefly recapitulate the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00004-00002285-00002524": "place where we had got to and then go on", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00005-00002525-00002956": "from there a Hamiltonian system if you", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00006-00002957-00004242": "recall and a set of dynamical variables", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00007-00004243-00004600": "called generalized coordinates q 1", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00008-00004601-00004921": "through Q an and a set of generalized", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00009-00004922-00005421": "momenta P 1 2 P n - n of them and all", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00010-00005422-00005716": "which we have combined together into", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00011-00005717-00006016": "this vector X which satisfy the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00012-00006017-00006486": "equations of motion Qi dot is Delta H", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00013-00006487-00006994": "over Delta P I and P AI dot is minus", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00014-00006995-00007837": "Delta H over Delta Qi for I running over", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00015-00007838-00008170": "the integers from 1 to N for n degrees", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00016-00008170-00008440": "of freedom you have to end dynamical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00017-00008441-00008755": "variables they are paired together the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00018-00008756-00008977": "Q's and PS these are called generalized", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00019-00008978-00009109": "coordinates and these are called", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00020-00009110-00009433": "generalized momenta and the equations of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00021-00009434-00009697": "motion are these two and coupled first", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00022-00009698-00009985": "order in general nonlinear partial", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00023-00009986-00010270": "differential equations to be solved", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00024-00010271-00010539": "uniquely provided you specify the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00025-00010540-00010702": "initial positions the initial", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00026-00010703-00010924": "coordinates and the initial momentum all", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00027-00010925-00011389": "to n of them we also wrote this by", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00028-00011390-00011620": "pointing out that the entire vector", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00029-00011621-00011809": "field on the right hand side governing", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00030-00011810-00012202": "the time evolution of the vector X the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00031-00012203-00012643": "phase space point X is given by the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00032-00012644-00012960": "gradient of the Hamiltonian which is a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00033-00012961-00013139": "function of all the Q's and PS", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00034-00013140-00013519": "multiplied by a certain matrix J which", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00035-00013519-00013963": "we had written down and J was a 2 n by 2", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00036-00013963-00014388": "and matrix with zeros in the first block", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00037-00014390-00014852": "of N by n block the unit matrix here", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00038-00014853-00015158": "the unit matrix here and zero here once", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00039-00015159-00015593": "again this is the N by n null matrix the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00040-00015594-00015866": "N by n unit matrix minus that matrix and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00041-00015866-00016255": "again the null matrix the introduction", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00042-00016256-00016535": "of this J ensures that these derivatives", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00043-00016536-00016853": "get twisted in the sense that the rate", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00044-00016854-00017044": "of change of the first n components of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00045-00017045-00017240": "this vector depend on partial", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00046-00017241-00017393": "derivatives with respect to the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00047-00017394-00017672": "remaining N and vice versa with the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00048-00017673-00017879": "appropriate minus sign this minus sign", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00049-00017880-00018065": "is taken care of by putting a minus here", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00050-00018066-00018629": "so a remarkable fact has been achieved", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00051-00018630-00018854": "for Hamiltonian systems namely that the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00052-00018855-00019085": "entire vector field which normally would", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00053-00019086-00019487": "have been some vector field f of X is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00054-00019488-00019715": "now specified by a single scalar", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00055-00019716-00020060": "function but this matrix J has", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00056-00020061-00020291": "remarkable properties and these are", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00057-00020292-00020489": "responsible to some extent for the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00058-00020490-00020717": "wonderful properties that Hamiltonian", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00059-00020718-00020939": "systems display the first of these is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00060-00020940-00021433": "the following we see immediately that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00061-00021434-00021818": "the quantity H itself for compute its", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00062-00021819-00022144": "time derivative this is equal to a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00063-00022145-00022541": "summation from I equal to 1 to N Delta H", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00064-00022542-00023099": "over Delta Qi Qi dot plus Delta H over", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00065-00023100-00023687": "Delta P I VI dot but then if I", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00066-00023688-00023936": "substitute for Qi dot and ki dot from", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00067-00023937-00024215": "the equations of motion it implies that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00068-00024216-00024722": "D H over DT vanishes identically on the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00069-00024723-00025469": "solution set on solution sets in other", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00070-00025470-00025606": "words whenever the equations of motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00071-00025607-00026093": "are obeyed on those curves d H over DT", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00072-00026094-00026432": "is identically 0 which implies that the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00073-00026433-00026989": "Hamiltonian H of Q comma P is a constant", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00074-00026991-00027432": "of the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00075-00027433-00027608": "and remains unchanged as time evolution", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00076-00027610-00028052": "occurs we have assumed that the system", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00077-00028054-00028317": "is autonomous so H itself has a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00078-00028318-00028530": "dependence on the Q's and PS but not", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00079-00028531-00028806": "explicitly on time what happens when H", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00080-00028807-00029013": "has got explicit time dependence we'll", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00081-00029014-00029256": "come back to a little while later but we", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00082-00029257-00029430": "are right now looking at autonomous", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00083-00029431-00029637": "Hamiltonians in other words H is a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00084-00029638-00029772": "function of all the generalized", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00085-00029773-00030038": "coordinates and the generalized momentum", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00086-00030039-00030219": "mechanical systems which are", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00087-00030220-00030432": "conservative systems in the absence of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00088-00030433-00030687": "dissipation particles moving under the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00089-00030688-00030888": "action of forces which they exert on", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00090-00030889-00031083": "each other and so on these would be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00091-00031083-00031332": "examples of such Hamiltonian systems", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00092-00031333-00031497": "there are many many other examples of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00093-00031498-00031698": "Hamiltonian systems but right now we", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00094-00031699-00031839": "would like to develop the theory a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00095-00031839-00032039": "little bit more before we look at", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00096-00032041-00032498": "special cases of Hamiltonian systems", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00097-00032499-00033006": "this implies also that the trajectories", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00098-00033007-00033366": "lie on the surfaces on which H is a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00099-00033367-00033633": "constant so you recall we are now", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00100-00033634-00033801": "working in a 2n dimensional phase space", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00101-00033802-00034164": "and any statement of the form H of Q", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00102-00034165-00034920": "comma P is equal to a constant defines a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00103-00034921-00035166": "2n minus 1 dimensional hyper surface in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00104-00035167-00035376": "this 2n dimensional phase space and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00105-00035377-00035616": "you're guaranteed that for any set of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00106-00035617-00035844": "initial conditions the motion or the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00107-00035845-00036045": "phase trajectory lies on this hyper", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00108-00036046-00036942": "surface so this implies the motion lies", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00109-00036943-00038053": "on the 2n minus 1 dimensional", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00110-00038054-00039095": "energy surface or hyper surface I call", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00111-00039096-00039311": "it energy surface because as I mentioned", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00112-00039312-00039695": "the Hamiltonian generally its numerical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00113-00039696-00039905": "values have the connotation of being the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00114-00039906-00040090": "total energy of a conservative system", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00115-00040091-00040370": "this is not always true but we'll use", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00116-00040371-00040541": "this terminology because that's the most", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00117-00040542-00040775": "commonly occurring case that the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00118-00040776-00041021": "Hamiltonian essentially is the total", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00119-00041022-00041243": "energy of the system expressed in terms", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00120-00041244-00041429": "of the coordinates and the momentum of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00121-00041430-00041990": "the system normally one would say that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00122-00041991-00042385": "the gradient vector of a scalar is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00123-00042386-00042710": "directed normal to the level surfaces of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00124-00042711-00042950": "the scalar function because that's the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00125-00042951-00043220": "rate of maximum rate of change of this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00126-00043221-00043457": "quantity of the scalar quantity occurs", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00127-00043458-00043658": "in a direction normal to the level", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00128-00043659-00043907": "surface on which the scalar function is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00129-00043908-00044138": "a constant but the moment you put a J", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00130-00044139-00044507": "here this immediately implies that this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00131-00044508-00044744": "velocity vector in phase space is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00132-00044745-00045002": "actually directed on the level surface", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00133-00045003-00045287": "itself rather than normal to it and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00134-00045288-00045479": "that's a major difference between", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00135-00045480-00045668": "ordinary gradient systems where you", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00136-00045669-00045983": "don't have this J here and X dot is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00137-00045984-00046133": "given by this gradient of some scalar", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00138-00046134-00046436": "field and Hamiltonian systems for which", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00139-00046437-00046700": "the motion actually occurs on a surface", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00140-00046701-00046901": "on which H is constant for each set of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00141-00046902-00047351": "initial conditions my statement was yes", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00142-00047352-00047516": "I'd like to explain this a little more", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00143-00047517-00048341": "the statement is if we had for instance", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00144-00048342-00048671": "X dot equal to the gradient of some Phi", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00145-00048672-00049199": "of X then this tells you the velocity in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00146-00049200-00049601": "phase space namely the direction of X", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00147-00049602-00049823": "dot tells you in which direction X is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00148-00049824-00050010": "going to change as a function of time at", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00149-00050011-00050363": "each instant of time if Phi of X equal", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00150-00050364-00050720": "to constant on this surface Phi of X", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00151-00050721-00050973": "equal to some constant and we're at this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00152-00050974-00051189": "point in phase space then", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00153-00051190-00051470": "velocity vector is directed normal to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00154-00051471-00051839": "this surface in this fashion so in the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00155-00051840-00052101": "next instant the system moves to some", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00156-00052102-00052338": "other surface Phi of X equal to a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00157-00052339-00052650": "different constant for instance and the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00158-00052651-00052907": "motion is normal to the level surfaces", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00159-00052908-00053230": "Phi equal to constant at each point on", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00160-00053232-00053490": "the other hand for a Hamiltonian system", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00161-00053491-00053889": "X dot is J times the gradient of H of X", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00162-00053890-00054326": "and H of X is constant on the solution", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00163-00054327-00054687": "set which implies that if this is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00164-00054688-00055215": "locally the surface H of X equal to C at", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00165-00055216-00055571": "any point then this velocity vector is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00166-00055572-00055901": "guaranteed to lie on the surface rather", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00167-00055902-00056211": "than normal to the surface itself so it", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00168-00056212-00056526": "continues as time goes on for any given", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00169-00056527-00056982": "initial set of conditions this motion is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00170-00056983-00057216": "restricted to the two and minus one", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00171-00057216-00057546": "dimensional hyper surface specified by H", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00172-00057547-00057773": "of X equal to that value of the constant", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00173-00057774-00058065": "which it has owing to the initial", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00174-00058066-00058803": "conditions this J ensures that the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00175-00058804-00059046": "derivative of the first component of X", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00176-00059047-00059325": "is the partial derivative not with rest", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00177-00059326-00059504": "of H not with respect to the first", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00178-00059505-00059778": "component itself but the N plus 1 first", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00179-00059779-00060048": "component and the second with respect to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00180-00060049-00060240": "the n plus toothed component and so on", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00181-00060241-00060510": "it also ensures that the derivative of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00182-00060511-00060757": "the nth component of X which is P 1 is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00183-00060758-00061107": "minus the derivative of H with respect", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00184-00061108-00061376": "to the first component so this minus", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00185-00061377-00061637": "sign that this J introduces pairwise", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00186-00061638-00061896": "ensures that H itself is a constant of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00187-00061897-00062105": "the motion identically because if I", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00188-00062107-00062322": "substitute Delta H over Delta P I here", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00189-00062323-00062582": "and minus Delta H over Delta Qi here", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00190-00062583-00062900": "this bracket vanishes identically", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00191-00062901-00063207": "now that's formalized by saying that the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00192-00063208-00063416": "introduction of this gradient here this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00193-00063417-00063684": "J here which makes this not the gradient", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00194-00063685-00063959": "of H but the symplectic gradient of H", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00195-00063960-00064229": "ensures that H itself is a constant of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00196-00064230-00064483": "the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00197-00064484-00064747": "this quantity here is called the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00198-00064748-00066950": "symplectic", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00199-00066951-00067265": "we also saw that Hamiltonian flows have", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00200-00067266-00067678": "another very special property that is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00201-00067679-00068093": "any volume element remains unchanged in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00202-00068094-00068378": "time in other words the system is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00203-00068379-00068612": "corresponds to a conservative dynamical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00204-00068613-00068951": "system so we also saw that del dot F is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00205-00068952-00069988": "identically 0 for a Hamiltonian flow", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00206-00069989-00070412": "this implies - that volume elements are", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00207-00070413-00070661": "preserved as time goes along they may", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00208-00070662-00070901": "get distorted they may get substantially", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00209-00070902-00071093": "distorted but the magnitude of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00210-00071094-00071309": "volume of any set of initial conditions", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00211-00071310-00071591": "in any volume element remains unchanged", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00212-00071592-00071729": "as time goes on", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00213-00071730-00072017": "and therefore Hamiltonian flow is like", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00214-00072018-00072260": "that of an incompressible fluid in phase", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00215-00072261-00072479": "space a fact which will have further", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00216-00072480-00073136": "implications what else can we say about", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00217-00073137-00073421": "Hamiltonian flows well here's where a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00218-00073422-00073637": "very important structure called the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00219-00073638-00073850": "Poisson bracket gets introduced and let", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00220-00073851-00074548": "me define this quantity if I took any", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00221-00074549-00074954": "function a of all the Q's the P's and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00222-00074955-00075389": "perhaps of time itself this is just a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00223-00075390-00075563": "function of all the dynamical variables", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00224-00075564-00075815": "as well as maybe it has explicit time", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00225-00075816-00076109": "dependence and asked what's the rate of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00226-00076110-00076367": "change of this quantity as a function of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00227-00076368-00077012": "time this becomes equal to we've done", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00228-00077013-00077189": "this this becomes equal to the Poisson", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00229-00077190-00077416": "bracket on the right hand side and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00230-00077417-00077654": "therefore the importance of the Poisson", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00231-00077655-00077867": "bracket becomes very clear now this is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00232-00077868-00078295": "equal to a with the Hamiltonian plus", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00233-00078296-00079219": "Delta a over Delta e", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00234-00079220-00079565": "recall this and this quantity a is a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00235-00079566-00079718": "constant of the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00236-00079719-00079976": "if this right-hand side vanishes and if", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00237-00079977-00080147": "a doesn't have explicit time dependence", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00238-00080148-00080363": "then it said it's a constant of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00239-00080364-00080618": "motion provided its possum bracket with", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00240-00080619-00080837": "the Hamiltonian vanishes or it was long", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00241-00080838-00081143": "commutes with the Hamiltonian this is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00242-00081144-00081308": "the reason why the Poisson bracket among", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00243-00081309-00081452": "other is why the Poisson bracket bracket", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00244-00081453-00081752": "plays a fundamental role in Hamiltonian", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00245-00081753-00082079": "systems now it could be one of the very", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00246-00082080-00082283": "dynamical variables the original", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00247-00082284-00082571": "dynamical variables themselves what", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00248-00082572-00083189": "happens then of course we have the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00249-00083190-00083474": "following relations we could compute the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00250-00083475-00083960": "Poisson bracket of any Qi QJ this is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00251-00083961-00084242": "easy to calculate and this vanishes as", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00252-00084243-00084743": "we've seen and that's also kiai PJ from", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00253-00084744-00084899": "our basic definition of the Poisson", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00254-00084900-00085754": "bracket we also have Qi with PJ equal to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00255-00085755-00086075": "the Kronecker Delta Delta IJ and that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00256-00086076-00086275": "was the case in which we said a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00257-00086276-00086534": "coordinate generalized coordinate Q and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00258-00086535-00086843": "a generalized momentum P a canonically", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00259-00086844-00087067": "conjugate with each other provided that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00260-00087068-00087431": "q with that corresponding P has a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00261-00087432-00087611": "Poisson bracket which is equal to unity", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00262-00087612-00087992": "on the right hand side these were the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00263-00087993-00088301": "standard basic canonical Poisson bracket", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00264-00088302-00088660": "relations defining a Hamiltonian system", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00265-00088661-00088907": "now where does this get us how do we go", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00266-00088908-00089153": "about solving for the Hamiltonian", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00267-00089154-00089360": "systems how do we try to find the flow", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00268-00089361-00089827": "itself one technique would be to use", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00269-00089828-00090080": "those constants of the motion which we", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00270-00090081-00090314": "can find by symmetries and I'll say a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00271-00090315-00090524": "lot more about symmetries and constants", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00272-00090525-00090578": "of the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00273-00090579-00090857": "a little later one technique would be to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00274-00090858-00091136": "find constants of the motion using the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00275-00091137-00091319": "fact that you already have certain", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00276-00091320-00091502": "constants of the motion and this is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00277-00091503-00091778": "based on the ecobee identity recall that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00278-00091779-00092075": "this identity said that if you had three", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00279-00092076-00092246": "constants three quantities", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00280-00092247-00092725": "a B and C then the Poisson bracket of a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00281-00092726-00093491": "VC plus cyclic permutations is equal to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00282-00093492-00093728": "zero two other cyclic permutations in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00283-00093729-00093941": "which you have B with the Poisson", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00284-00093942-00094145": "bracket of C with a plus the third term", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00285-00094146-00094541": "equal to zero now suppose you discover", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00286-00094542-00094771": "that a and B are constants of the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00287-00094772-00096104": "so suppose a with H is 0 and B with H is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00288-00096105-00096832": "also equal to 0 what does that imply", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00289-00096833-00098030": "what would that imply using this fact", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00290-00098031-00098507": "of C replace it with H what happens to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00291-00098508-00099194": "their Kobe identity let's write this out", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00292-00099195-00100009": "explicitly plus B let's see a plus C", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00293-00100010-00100544": "with a be equal to zero suppose instead", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00294-00100545-00100874": "of C I replace it with H and I tell you", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00295-00100875-00101081": "that a and B are constants of the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00296-00101082-00101885": "what would you conclude this would 9/10", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00297-00101886-00101963": "takács", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00298-00101964-00102128": "so this Poisson bracket vanishes", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00299-00102129-00102380": "identically so does that and what is the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00300-00102381-00103117": "third thing tell you exactly so it", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00301-00103118-00103498": "exactly precisely so this implies that H", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00302-00103499-00103818": "with the Poisson bracket of a with B is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00303-00103819-00104619": "also 0 therefore this quantity here is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00304-00104620-00105443": "also a constant of the motion this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00305-00105444-00105638": "quantity could turn out to be trivial it", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00306-00105639-00105758": "could turn out to be a constant a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00307-00105758-00105934": "numerical constant it could turn out to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00308-00105935-00106175": "be the identity function it could be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00309-00106176-00106313": "turn out to be something utterly trivial", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00310-00106314-00106619": "but there are cases where it could turn", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00311-00106620-00106826": "out to be a non-trivial function of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00312-00106827-00107018": "coordinates and the momenta in which", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00313-00107019-00107249": "case having started with two constants", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00314-00107250-00107300": "of the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00315-00107301-00107594": "we found one more and in principle you", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00316-00107595-00107765": "could now find further commutator is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00317-00107766-00107969": "further Poisson process on brackets and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00318-00107970-00108160": "see whether you can find other constants", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00319-00108161-00108398": "of the motion so that's one possible use", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00320-00108399-00108665": "of these Poisson brackets to find other", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00321-00108666-00109148": "constants of the motion but one should", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00322-00109149-00109382": "like to have a systematic way to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00323-00109383-00109649": "integrate all the hamilton equations at", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00324-00109650-00109891": "the same time this is not a trivial task", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00325-00109892-00110072": "and in general is not doable", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00326-00110073-00110444": "in general generically it turns out that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00327-00110445-00110633": "for Hamiltonian systems with an", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00328-00110633-00110882": "arbitrary number say F or n degrees of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00329-00110883-00111166": "freedom you have basically only one", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00330-00111167-00111365": "constant of the motion available namely", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00331-00111366-00111407": "the Hamill's", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00332-00111408-00111733": "in itself which implies that the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00333-00111734-00111961": "can be extremely complicated you don't", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00334-00111963-00112163": "really have much of a handle on it apart", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00335-00112164-00112354": "from knowing that for whatever initial", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00336-00112355-00112571": "conditions you start with the motion is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00337-00112572-00112765": "restricted to a 2n minus 1 dimensional", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00338-00112766-00113065": "energy surface very little else can be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00339-00113066-00113456": "said but there are instances where the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00340-00113457-00113696": "equations the entire set of equations is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00341-00113697-00113938": "integrable and here's one way in which", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00342-00113939-00114178": "it happens in fact it is the only way in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00343-00114179-00114577": "which it happens for this I must", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00344-00114578-00114781": "introduce the idea of canonical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00345-00114782-00116019": "transformations", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00346-00116020-00116291": "this is a mini subject in itself but", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00347-00116292-00116433": "we're going to just get a small flavor", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00348-00116433-00116711": "of it here so what I'm going to say is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00349-00116713-00116912": "restricted to certain special cases but", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00350-00116913-00117258": "then we will see how far this kind of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00351-00117258-00117608": "approach takes us the idea is the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00352-00117609-00118013": "following suppose instead of starting", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00353-00118014-00118259": "with the coordinates and momenta Q and P", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00354-00118260-00118650": "I am able to find a change of variables", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00355-00118651-00118950": "a change of dependent variables from the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00356-00118951-00119237": "set QP to a new set of variables and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00357-00119238-00119608": "let's call those variables Q comma P", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00358-00119609-00119883": "there are n of these and n of these so", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00359-00119883-00120021": "the total number of independent", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00360-00120022-00120251": "dynamical variables doesn't change it's", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00361-00120252-00120653": "still 2n but these new sets of variables", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00362-00120654-00120882": "these new variables are functions of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00363-00120883-00121446": "old variables and now let's suppose that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00364-00121447-00121640": "this change of variables has a very", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00365-00121641-00121901": "special characteristic namely the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00366-00121902-00122271": "Akopian matrix determinant or other of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00367-00122272-00122690": "the change of variables QP is equal to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00368-00122691-00123536": "plus 1 suppose at all points where this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00369-00123538-00123822": "change of variables is defined these", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00370-00123823-00124103": "functions of the old variables and these", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00371-00124104-00124334": "functions of the old variables are such", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00372-00124335-00124719": "that this 2n by 2n determinant has the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00373-00124720-00125153": "value +1 identically what would you say", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00374-00125154-00125465": "happens to the volume element as written", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00375-00125466-00125927": "in the new variables it would be the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00376-00125928-00126368": "same this would imply the flow is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00377-00126369-00127715": "measure preserving", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00378-00127716-00128731": "volume elements", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00379-00128732-00129396": "remain an altar", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00380-00129397-00129708": "and suppose further that the change of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00381-00129708-00129999": "variables is such that the following", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00382-00130000-00130286": "special property happens the Poisson", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00383-00130287-00131121": "bracket of Qi with QJ is zero as is the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00384-00131122-00131524": "Poisson bracket with of P I with PG and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00385-00131525-00131936": "further Qi", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00386-00131937-00132515": "with PJ is also equal to Delta I J in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00387-00132516-00132764": "other words not only is the flow not", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00388-00132765-00133056": "only is a change of variables such that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00389-00133057-00133407": "volume elements are unchanged but the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00390-00133408-00133616": "Poisson bracket structure is also", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00391-00133617-00134441": "unchanged suppose this is so we are able", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00392-00134442-00134657": "to find such a change of variables", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00393-00134658-00134910": "notice that since this is plus 1 rather", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00394-00134911-00135140": "than minus 1 not only our volume", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00395-00135141-00135452": "elements unchanged but orientations are", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00396-00135453-00135677": "preserved as well so elementary", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00397-00135678-00135885": "parallelograms if we define orientations", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00398-00135886-00136095": "for them they would also be unchanged", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00399-00136096-00136434": "under this change of variables one is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00400-00136435-00136763": "then guaranteed if this happens one is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00401-00136764-00136974": "then guaranteed that the structure of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00402-00136975-00137286": "Hamilton's equations is also unchanged", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00403-00137287-00137595": "under this change of variables this is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00404-00137596-00137835": "not hard to show such transformations", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00405-00137836-00138024": "are called canonical transformations I", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00406-00138025-00138411": "will abbreviate them by C key at various", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00407-00138412-00139001": "points together these properties imply", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00408-00139002-00139277": "that the structure of Hamilton's", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00409-00139278-00139613": "equations does not change what does that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00410-00139614-00140227": "mean it means that if H of Q comma P", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00411-00140228-00140634": "goes over to a new function when", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00412-00140635-00140844": "expressed in the new coordinates which", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00413-00140845-00141243": "means this goes over to H of Q which is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00414-00141244-00142848": "a function of the new variables", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00415-00142849-00143115": "so the Hamiltonian when expressed in the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00416-00143116-00143271": "new variables is obviously some other", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00417-00143272-00143469": "function of these new variables let's", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00418-00143470-00143898": "call it k then we are guaranteed that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00419-00143899-00144633": "under a canonical transformation if qi", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00420-00144634-00145101": "dot this Delta H over Delta P I and P I", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00421-00145102-00145674": "dot is minus Delta H over Delta Qi this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00422-00145675-00146217": "implies that Qi dot is Delta K over", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00423-00146218-00147428": "Delta P I and P I dot minus Delta K so", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00424-00147429-00147696": "canonical transformations leave the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00425-00147697-00147870": "structure of Hamilton's equations", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00426-00147871-00148236": "unchanged in other words it takes a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00427-00148237-00148488": "hamiltonian flow to another Hamiltonian", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00428-00148489-00149241": "flow in the new variables the necessary", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00429-00149242-00149471": "and sufficient condition for this is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00430-00149472-00149766": "that the transformation be canonical in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00431-00149767-00150042": "other words that the Jacobian", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00432-00150043-00150351": "determinant be equal to plus 1 and the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00433-00150352-00150516": "Poisson bracket canonical Poisson", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00434-00150517-00150939": "bracket structure be unchanged you then", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00435-00150940-00151188": "guaranteed that these equations don't", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00436-00151189-00151562": "change in form yet completely unchanged", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00437-00151563-00151842": "now you might ask what's the use of this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00438-00151843-00152181": "but the answer is it might turn out that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00439-00152182-00152598": "you find the transformation of variables", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00440-00152599-00153042": "where some of the coordinates don't", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00441-00153043-00153447": "appear in this new Hamiltonian if for", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00442-00153448-00153900": "example capital Q 3 doesn't appear in K", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00443-00153901-00154131": "at all it's not a function of capital Q", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00444-00154132-00154476": "3 then it immediately implies that P 3", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00445-00154477-00154776": "dot is 0 and therefore P 3 is a constant", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00446-00154777-00155109": "of the motion you have therefore found a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00447-00155110-00155370": "constant of the motion namely the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00448-00155371-00155613": "momentum conjugate to the new coordinate", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00449-00155614-00155946": "Q 3", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00450-00155947-00156297": "if any new coordinate does not appear in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00451-00156298-00156591": "que it's called a cyclic coordinate or", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00452-00156592-00156990": "an ignore oblique ordinate and the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00453-00156991-00157200": "corresponding conjugate momentum is a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00454-00157201-00157506": "constant of the motion so let me write", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00455-00157507-00159278": "that down", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00456-00159279-00159927": "new generalized coordinates QJ does not", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00457-00159928-00160965": "appear in k then PJ dot is identically 0", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00458-00160966-00161700": "PJ equal to a constant of the motion and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00459-00161701-00162034": "if it doesn't appear in K then this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00460-00162035-00163156": "coordinate is called a cyclic cyclic or", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00461-00163157-00164269": "ignore oblique ordinate", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00462-00164270-00164458": "an extremely happy situation would be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00463-00164459-00164734": "one if you found more and more cyclic", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00464-00164735-00165028": "coordinates so that this set of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00465-00165029-00165265": "equations can be integrated the moment", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00466-00165266-00165430": "some particular new variable doesn't", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00467-00165431-00165790": "appear in K a certain time derivative", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00468-00165791-00165910": "vanishes and you've discovered a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00469-00165911-00166372": "constant of the motion so one very happy", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00470-00166373-00166567": "situation would be if two and minus one", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00471-00166568-00166831": "of these was zero and then of course the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00472-00166832-00166993": "matter becomes completely trivial the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00473-00166994-00167266": "vector field is rectified at once only", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00474-00167267-00167440": "one derivative is nonzero and the rest", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00475-00167441-00167665": "are all zero on the other hand that's a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00476-00167666-00167919": "very rare situation hardly ever happens", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00477-00167920-00168337": "more common is a situation where by a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00478-00168338-00168703": "clever choice of variables n of these", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00479-00168704-00168990": "equations have 0 on the right hand side", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00480-00168991-00169276": "and only n of them have nonzero", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00481-00169277-00169666": "quantities on the right hand side this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00482-00169667-00169897": "tells you how such systems of equations", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00483-00169898-00170158": "are integrated completely in certain", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00484-00170159-00170344": "situations and this is called a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00485-00170345-00170554": "transformation to action angle variables", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00486-00170555-00170797": "and we'll talk a little bit about this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00487-00170798-00171028": "to show you how Hamiltonian equations", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00488-00171029-00171247": "are integrated we need a criterion for", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00489-00171248-00171472": "it which I will state without proving", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00490-00171473-00171697": "here and then we'll apply that criterion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00491-00171698-00171898": "to discover how to solve this set of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00492-00171899-00172084": "problems completely how to integrate", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00493-00172085-00172330": "these Hamiltonians again I point out", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00494-00172331-00172554": "that this is not the generic situation", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00495-00172555-00172876": "most hamiltonians are not integrable in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00496-00172877-00173020": "the sense that we don't have enough", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00497-00173021-00173194": "constants of the motion available to us", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00498-00173195-00173388": "other than they Hamiltonian itself", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00499-00173389-00173644": "perhaps a few more right in the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00500-00173645-00173839": "beginning I pointed out that in the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00501-00173840-00174070": "Newtonian problem of a set of n", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00502-00174071-00174346": "particles interacting with each other by", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00503-00174347-00174685": "forces by pairwise forces directed along", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00504-00174686-00174888": "the line joining any two particles that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00505-00174889-00175102": "system has at least in nonrelativistic", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00506-00175103-00175435": "mechanics it has basically ten constants", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00507-00175436-00175621": "of the motion Galilean constants of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00508-00175622-00175852": "motion whereas the phase space itself is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00509-00175853-00176140": "6n dimensional this is the generic", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00510-00176141-00176356": "situation the typical situation but", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00511-00176357-00176524": "there are very very important special", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00512-00176525-00176740": "cases where the set of equations can be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00513-00176741-00176995": "integrated completely then of course the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00514-00176996-00177256": "problem is solved in some sense so we'll", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00515-00177257-00177472": "take it from this point and try to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00516-00177473-00177652": "understand how this magic", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00517-00177653-00177804": "and what the necessary and sufficient", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00518-00177805-00178065": "conditions for it are in order to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00519-00178066-00178628": "integrate the entire set of equations", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00520-00178629-00178878": "yes before I do that here's a simple", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00521-00178879-00179002": "example of a canonical transformation", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00522-00179003-00179829": "which always works suppose Q I is just P", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00523-00179830-00181009": "I and P I is minus Q I I simply call", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00524-00181010-00182269": "these by new labels what happens to this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00525-00182270-00182910": "what's that equal to it's equal to minus", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00526-00182911-00183661": "P I with Q J but this is equal to plus", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00527-00183662-00184132": "Delta J because recall that the Poisson", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00528-00184133-00184339": "bracket of B with a is minus the Poisson", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00529-00184340-00184501": "bracket of a with B because of anti", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00530-00184502-00184785": "symmetry and there's an extra minus sign", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00531-00184786-00185056": "so this set of variables is canonical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00532-00185057-00185236": "they have the canonical Poisson bracket", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00533-00185237-00185464": "relations and what happens to the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00534-00185465-00186768": "determinant of the transformation", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00535-00186769-00186927": "what's the determinant of this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00536-00186928-00187341": "transformation in this case so Delta Q", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00537-00187342-00188211": "comma P over Delta this Yucko be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00538-00188212-00189376": "determinant what does that become", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00539-00189377-00189658": "how do you find that what's this a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00540-00189659-00189949": "matrix equal to this is the determinant", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00541-00189950-00190114": "of a certain matrix and what's that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00542-00190115-00190647": "matrix", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00543-00190648-00190998": "it clearly has zeros in the first block", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00544-00190999-00191296": "what's in the next block so this matrix", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00545-00191297-00192043": "here this thing here is the determinant", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00546-00192044-00192289": "of a certain matrix and what's that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00547-00192290-00192489": "matrix", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00548-00192490-00192807": "it clearly has zeros everywhere here and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00549-00192808-00193036": "when you start writing those elements", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00550-00193037-00193426": "down what do you get from this just the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00551-00193427-00193678": "unit matrix so just the unit matrix here", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00552-00193679-00193843": "you get minus the unit matrix here and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00553-00193844-00194062": "zero here and of course you recognize", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00554-00194063-00194533": "this matrix it's J itself so this is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00555-00194534-00195030": "equal to determinant J go-to plus 1", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00556-00195031-00195283": "since it's an even dimensional matrix", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00557-00195284-00195505": "its determinant it's the only modular", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00558-00195506-00195883": "the determinant is plus 1 therefore this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00559-00195884-00196327": "is a canonical transformation of course", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00560-00196328-00196579": "you don't gain anything much by it but", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00561-00196580-00196756": "it helps you understand that this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00562-00196757-00196984": "division of the variables in two", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00563-00196985-00197188": "coordinates and momenta while we started", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00564-00197189-00197350": "with mechanical examples where you can", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00565-00197351-00197515": "clearly distinguish between a coordinate", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00566-00197516-00197743": "and its conjugate momentum that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00567-00197744-00197935": "distinction from a mathematical point of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00568-00197936-00198157": "view in Hamiltonian systems is quite", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00569-00198158-00198475": "artificial there are two sets of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00570-00198476-00198673": "variables no question about it but which", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00571-00198674-00198823": "ones you call the coordinates and which", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00572-00198824-00199009": "ones you call the momenta is largely", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00573-00199010-00199255": "irrelevant because you have a canonical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00574-00199256-00199504": "transformation which is guaranteed to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00575-00199505-00199771": "let a Hamiltonian flow go into another", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00576-00199772-00200089": "Hamiltonian flow in which it turns out", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00577-00200090-00200383": "that the original coordinates and moment", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00578-00200384-00200569": "I have simply exchange roles but they", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00579-00200570-00201210": "appropriate minus sign there", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00580-00201211-00201496": "it is as valid a system as the earlier", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00581-00201497-00201775": "one it's as valid in other words if you", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00582-00201776-00201910": "solve the original thing you've solved", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00583-00201911-00202222": "this one too so as it is it doesn't mean", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00584-00202223-00202333": "anything it doesn't tell you anything", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00585-00202334-00202519": "but it gives you a certain symmetry of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00586-00202520-00202681": "Hamiltonian systems which is going to be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00587-00202682-00202936": "crucial in solving such Hamiltonian", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00588-00202937-00203164": "systems so it's trying to tell you that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00589-00203165-00203365": "this flow in this 2n dimensional phase", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00590-00203366-00203806": "space is a very special kind of flow we", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00591-00203807-00203965": "saw that volume elements were preserved", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00592-00203966-00204187": "many other things are preserved as well", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00593-00204188-00204511": "in this flow and the natural language in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00594-00204512-00204712": "which one writes this down is that of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00595-00204713-00204846": "differential geometry which we are not", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00596-00204848-00205075": "going to assume here but let me say it", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00597-00205076-00205333": "in words so that you begin to see how", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00598-00205334-00205898": "men strained the Hamiltonian flow is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00599-00205900-00206284": "what's constant is the following if this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00600-00206285-00206500": "is a volume element in phase space and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00601-00206501-00206796": "let me draw it simply to fix our ideas", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00602-00206798-00207215": "as some kind of three-dimensional object", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00603-00207216-00207508": "in two n dimensional phase space I have", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00604-00207509-00207703": "this volume element of initial", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00605-00207704-00207946": "conditions and as time goes on this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00606-00207946-00208234": "element flows in phase space like an", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00607-00208235-00208378": "incompressible flow it might get", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00608-00208379-00208515": "distorted squeezed out in certain", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00609-00208516-00208644": "directions compressed in other", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00610-00208646-00208869": "directions but the magnitude of this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00611-00208871-00209059": "element doesn't change at all the volume", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00612-00209060-00209410": "doesn't change and I projected this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00613-00209411-00209773": "element I project a shadow of this on to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00614-00209773-00210067": "a particular Q P space so let's say this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00615-00210067-00210471": "is Q 1 P 1 this plane I project this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00616-00210473-00210637": "volume element at any instant of time", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00617-00210638-00210921": "and I get a little shadow patch of this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00618-00210923-00211366": "kind I project it on to another plane", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00619-00211367-00211909": "which is the Q 2 P 2 plane and let's say", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00620-00211910-00212311": "I get a shadow patch of this kind I add", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00621-00212312-00212544": "up all these shadows the areas of all", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00622-00212546-00212776": "these shadows and that remains constant", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00623-00212777-00213013": "as a function of time you're guaranteed", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00624-00213014-00213267": "that under a Hamiltonian flow the sum of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00625-00213269-00213553": "projections remains constant but what is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00626-00213554-00213829": "this sum of projections if this is the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00627-00213830-00213988": "direction along Q and this is the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00628-00213989-00214323": "direction along P and this is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00629-00214325-00214635": "delta q SE q 1 and this is delta p 1", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00630-00214636-00214917": "then clearly this parallelogram has an", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00631-00214919-00215254": "area which is the magnitude of Delta Q 1", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00632-00215255-00215641": "cross Delta P 1 regarded as vectors this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00633-00215642-00215796": "cross product and you sum all these", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00634-00215798-00216094": "areas and the answer is guaranteed to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00635-00216094-00216528": "remain constant so schematically it says", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00636-00216529-00217650": "that under the hamiltonian flow a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00637-00217651-00218209": "summation from I equal to 1 to N Delta Q", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00638-00218210-00218763": "I Delta P I and this is a cross product", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00639-00218764-00219130": "in the sense of a parallelogram the area", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00640-00219131-00219319": "of a parallelogram being written as a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00641-00219319-00219481": "cross product of the two vectors", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00642-00219482-00219763": "defining the sides of it that quantity", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00643-00219764-00220534": "is equal to a constant this immediately", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00644-00220535-00221080": "implies that a certain quantity called a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00645-00221081-00221292": "for form but it's actually for", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00646-00221294-00221458": "differentials of this kind for", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00647-00221459-00221817": "infinitesimals also remains constant and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00648-00221817-00222109": "then something which involves six of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00649-00222110-00222325": "these differentials etcetera till", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00650-00222326-00222664": "finally the entire product of all to n", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00651-00222665-00222955": "Delta Q's and Delta PS also remains", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00652-00222956-00223306": "constant which is Lewis theorem so that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00653-00223307-00223546": "theorem actually follows from the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00654-00223546-00223807": "invariants under the flow of this area", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00655-00223808-00224086": "this quantity here one can show this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00656-00224087-00224341": "rigorously using simple differential", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00657-00224342-00224523": "geometry but I want you to appreciate", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00658-00224525-00224788": "the fact that the flow in phase space is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00659-00224789-00224941": "what you have to think about and it's a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00660-00224942-00225403": "very special kind of flow it has there", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00661-00225404-00225541": "all counts they're not constants of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00662-00225542-00225748": "motion in the sense of quantities which", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00663-00225748-00225928": "are dynamic of functions of dynamical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00664-00225929-00226096": "variables being constants of the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00665-00226096-00226390": "these are infinitesimals so it says that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00666-00226391-00226738": "this fluid element flows in such and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00667-00226739-00226936": "such a manner it flows such that all", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00668-00226937-00227158": "these magical properties happen for each", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00669-00227159-00227373": "fluid element they're not constants of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00670-00227375-00227623": "the motion in the sense of functions of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00671-00227623-00227696": "all the Q's", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00672-00227696-00227930": "P is being invariant under the flow", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00673-00227931-00228215": "those are actual integrals of the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00674-00228216-00228384": "these are little infinitesimal", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00675-00228385-00228709": "differentials and various combinations", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00676-00228710-00228923": "of them remain invariant the last of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00677-00228923-00229117": "which there are n of these and the last", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00678-00229119-00229346": "of this is in fact the volume element in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00679-00229346-00229580": "phase space so you could ask the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00680-00229581-00229853": "converse question given a flow in which", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00681-00229854-00230066": "these various differentials are constant", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00682-00230067-00230276": "what kind of flow must it be and the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00683-00230277-00230517": "answer is it must be a Hamiltonian flow", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00684-00230519-00230777": "in other words the two n dimensional", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00685-00230778-00230983": "vector field F is given by the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00686-00230984-00231167": "symplectic gradient of some scalar", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00687-00231167-00231373": "function called the Hamiltonian of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00688-00231375-00231619": "flow so there's a very rich and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00689-00231621-00231815": "intricate mathematical structure", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00690-00231816-00232076": "associated with Hamiltonian flows we", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00691-00232077-00232271": "don't have time to touch upon this and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00692-00232271-00232423": "it's outside the scope of this course", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00693-00232425-00232648": "but it's important to remember that such", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00694-00232650-00233146": "a thing happens that this exists let me", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00695-00233148-00233375": "come back to canonical transformations", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00696-00233376-00233675": "and point out what happens in a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00697-00233676-00233959": "canonical transformation and why it's so", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00698-00233960-00234614": "important", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00699-00234615-00234885": "and this goes under the name of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00700-00234886-00236312": "integrability", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00701-00236313-00236573": "livable arnold integrability of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00702-00236573-00236846": "hamiltonian systems and the statement is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00703-00236846-00237123": "the following", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00704-00237125-00238181": "it says if there exist n constants of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00705-00238182-00239657": "the motion n Co n F 1 up to F n that are", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00706-00239658-00241000": "functionally independent", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00707-00241001-00241864": "of each other", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00708-00241865-00243839": "and that are in involution", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00709-00243840-00244105": "the phrase in involution implies that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00710-00244106-00244393": "the Poisson bracket of any of two these", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00711-00244394-00244712": "quantities is 0 identically in other", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00712-00244713-00245296": "words this implies if I pass on bracket", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00713-00245297-00246582": "FJ is identically 0 then the set of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00714-00246583-00247744": "equations can be integrated this is a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00715-00247745-00247927": "loos way of stating the louisville", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00716-00247928-00248158": "arnold criterion but i will explain what", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00717-00248159-00248503": "this means down by tom so what is it", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00718-00248504-00248717": "really telling you recall that the flow", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00719-00248717-00249070": "is in two n dimensional phase space in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00720-00249071-00249341": "order to integrate this set of equations", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00721-00249342-00249652": "and specify what the future values are", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00722-00249653-00250072": "given initial values you need to have 2", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00723-00250073-00250318": "n minus 1 independent constants of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00724-00250319-00250804": "motion in a 2 n dimensional space the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00725-00250805-00250993": "mutual intersection of these 2 n minus 1", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00726-00250994-00251216": "surfaces would in principle give you the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00727-00251217-00251416": "phase trajectory for any given initial", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00728-00251417-00251848": "condition but for Hamiltonian flows the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00729-00251849-00252133": "following magic happens the louisville", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00730-00252134-00252418": "Arnold criterion says you don't need to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00731-00252419-00252673": "have 2 n minus 1 constants of the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00732-00252674-00253117": "if you manage to find n of them that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00733-00253118-00253531": "suffices but the catch is these n have", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00734-00253532-00253715": "to be compatible with each other in a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00735-00253716-00253948": "certain sense and that sense is that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00736-00253949-00254248": "they must have vanishing Poisson", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00737-00254249-00254458": "brackets with each other they must be in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00738-00254459-00254953": "involution with each other it's now we", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00739-00254954-00255100": "have to say what's meant by can be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00740-00255101-00255421": "integrated the answer is that this set", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00741-00255422-00255676": "of Hamilton's equations explicit", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00742-00255677-00255914": "solutions to them can be written down in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00743-00255915-00256225": "principle for all time in other words", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00744-00256226-00256435": "the full set of equations can be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00745-00256436-00256753": "explicitly integrated not numerically", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00746-00256754-00256972": "solved but explicitly integrated and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00747-00256973-00257210": "solutions can be written down in explain", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00748-00257211-00257438": "at forum this is what I mean by", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00749-00257439-00257684": "explicitly can be integrated this of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00750-00257685-00257885": "course is true in principle in practice", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00751-00257886-00258038": "there are many many slips between the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00752-00258039-00258317": "cup and the lip and we'll see what the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00753-00258317-00258509": "implication is what's meant by these", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00754-00258510-00258698": "constants of the motion and how one goes", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00755-00258698-00260285": "about it yes question is is this a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00756-00260286-00260492": "matter of is this a theoretical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00757-00260492-00260896": "limitation is this a constructionist", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00758-00260898-00261155": "kind of constructive statement in other", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00759-00261156-00261344": "words is there some constructive way of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00760-00261344-00261536": "finding these F's and doing the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00761-00261537-00261719": "integration what kind of statement is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00762-00261719-00262085": "this well right now when I make it this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00763-00262086-00262367": "statement says if there exists these", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00764-00262368-00262544": "constants of the motion you are", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00765-00262545-00262835": "guaranteed that a solution exists for", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00766-00262836-00263057": "the problem that's the level at which", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00767-00263058-00263282": "this statement is being made it doesn't", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00768-00263283-00263462": "quite tell you how to find these", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00769-00263463-00263657": "constants of the motion it doesn't also", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00770-00263658-00263819": "tell you having found them what do you", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00771-00263820-00264017": "do next how do you go about integrating", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00772-00264018-00264224": "the second question will answer right", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00773-00264225-00264272": "away", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00774-00264273-00264539": "the first question is much harder what's", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00775-00264540-00264779": "the guarantee that a given system has or", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00776-00264780-00264971": "doesn't have these n constants of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00777-00264972-00265181": "motion that has to be examined on a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00778-00265182-00265421": "case-by-case basis there's no general", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00779-00265422-00265784": "way of stating when a given Hamiltonian", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00780-00265785-00266051": "system is integrable that's the first", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00781-00266052-00266344": "part but now let me let me complete that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00782-00266345-00266657": "having said that I should also point out", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00783-00266658-00266945": "that the set of Hamiltonian systems for", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00784-00266946-00267071": "which this can be done is quite", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00785-00267072-00267371": "restricted but it's a very important set", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00786-00267372-00267671": "and the importance lies in the fact that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00787-00267672-00267962": "for cases when it's not integrable you", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00788-00267963-00268157": "can do perturbation theory you can", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00789-00268158-00268337": "develop perturbative methods for", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00790-00268338-00268547": "answering questions of what happens to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00791-00268548-00268766": "Hamiltonian systems where such a set of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00792-00268767-00269137": "constants of the motion doesn't exist", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00793-00269138-00269596": "yeah", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00794-00269597-00271040": "yes yes good question so can we say that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00795-00271041-00271277": "the problem is actually unsolvable in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00796-00271278-00271466": "the sense that you can't the answer is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00797-00271467-00271691": "yes this is a necessary and sufficient", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00798-00271692-00271985": "condition for the global integrable 'ti", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00799-00271986-00272381": "of Hamiltonian systems so if you can't", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00800-00272382-00272624": "find these or you can prove that such a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00801-00272625-00272774": "system set of constants of the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00802-00272775-00273077": "doesn't exist in a particular case you", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00803-00273078-00273275": "are assured that it cannot be integrated", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00804-00273276-00273539": "for all the initial conditions so it", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00805-00273540-00273731": "works the other way too this is a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00806-00273732-00273923": "necessary and sufficient condition for", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00807-00273924-00274100": "integrability in the sense which we will", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00808-00274101-00274949": "elaborate upon yeah yes we will come", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00809-00274950-00275120": "back we'll come back to this and I will", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00810-00275121-00275300": "give you examples where it is integrable", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00811-00275301-00275468": "we will see specific examples where the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00812-00275469-00275750": "system is integrable and examples but", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00813-00275751-00275918": "you can't find these constants of motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00814-00275919-00276044": "they don't exist and therefore the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00815-00276045-00276338": "problem is not by this theorem cannot be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00816-00276339-00276551": "found as a global solution cannot be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00817-00276552-00276926": "formed we'll come back to this but we", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00818-00276927-00277172": "take this step by step this is the first", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00819-00277173-00277484": "step first step this is a necessary and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00820-00277485-00277805": "sufficient condition now I have to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00821-00277806-00277985": "explain what I mean by functionally", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00822-00277986-00278096": "independent of each other", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00823-00278097-00278297": "we know that the Hamiltonian is always a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00824-00278298-00278498": "constant of the motion so the square of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00825-00278499-00278684": "the Hamiltonian or e to the power of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00826-00278685-00279047": "Hamiltonian or the Hamiltonian cube plus", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00827-00279048-00279227": "the Hamiltonian squared they are all", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00828-00279228-00279392": "constants of the motion but they're not", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00829-00279393-00279755": "functionally independent of H this must", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00830-00279756-00279968": "really be independent of each other in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00831-00279969-00280079": "other words none of them should be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00832-00280080-00280334": "writable as some function of the rest in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00833-00280335-00280514": "which case are completely functionally", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00834-00280515-00280811": "independent the second point is there", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00835-00280812-00281018": "are certain technicalities here what", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00836-00281019-00281174": "kind of constants of the motion are", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00837-00281175-00281359": "permitted what kind of functions of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00838-00281360-00281627": "dynamical variables are permitted as it", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00839-00281628-00281885": "stands here these are assumed to be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00840-00281886-00282164": "isolating integrals they're supposed to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00841-00282165-00282395": "be single valued functions analytic in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00842-00282396-00282614": "some sense if they have singularities", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00843-00282615-00282857": "then of course you again have problems", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00844-00282858-00283013": "and then these theorems don't hold good", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00845-00283014-00283181": "in the form in which I have written them", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00846-00283182-00283517": "now so subject to those caveats which we", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00847-00283518-00283808": "will take up as we go along one by one", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00848-00283809-00284102": "the first statement is and this is what", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00849-00284103-00284378": "one has to pause and marvel at that it's", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00850-00284379-00284603": "sufficient to know n constants of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00851-00284604-00284801": "motion and the entire set of equations", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00852-00284802-00285091": "is integrable in the following sense", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00853-00285092-00285353": "what the theorem actually says is this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00854-00285354-00285674": "can be integrated this means there", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00855-00285675-00286310": "exists a canonical transformation exists", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00856-00286311-00286841": "a canonical transformation to a new set", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00857-00286842-00287822": "of variables for which the conventional", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00858-00287823-00288710": "notation is theta 1 up to theta n I 1 up", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00859-00288711-00289064": "to I n we call with said new variables", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00860-00289065-00289340": "capital Q's and capital PS but this very", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00861-00289341-00289532": "special set of variables which you have", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00862-00289533-00289715": "when the system is integrable are", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00863-00289716-00290099": "denoted by Thetas and eyes these are", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00864-00290100-00290273": "called angle variables and these are", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00865-00290274-00292637": "called action variables", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00866-00292638-00292886": "and it's a canonical transformation so", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00867-00292887-00293093": "we are guaranteed that Poisson bracket", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00868-00293094-00293357": "relations are valid we guaranteed that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00869-00293358-00293570": "the structure of Hamilton's equations is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00870-00293571-00294671": "unchanged such that the hamiltonian h QP", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00871-00294672-00294977": "goes over to a new Hamiltonian which we", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00872-00294978-00295262": "denoted by K which would have been a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00873-00295263-00295634": "function of all the Thetas and eyes but", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00874-00295635-00295868": "the magic is does not depend the new", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00875-00295869-00296144": "Hamiltonian does not depend on any of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00876-00296145-00296348": "the first n variables the theta", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00877-00296349-00296759": "variables depends only on the so-called", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00878-00296760-00297002": "action variables which are collectively", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00879-00297003-00297632": "denoted by I here we are guaranteed this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00880-00297633-00297806": "that there exists such a set of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00881-00297807-00298214": "transformations notice that since it's a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00882-00298215-00298511": "canonical transformation we also have", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00883-00298512-00299236": "the relations theta I theta J zero is PI", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00884-00299237-00300050": "with IJ and theta I with IJ is Delta IJ", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00885-00300051-00300292": "because it's a canonical transformation", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00886-00300293-00300761": "and you're guaranteed that the structure", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00887-00300762-00301043": "of Hamilton's equations is unchanged and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00888-00301044-00301238": "what does that imply if this magic", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00889-00301239-00301703": "happens then Hamilton's equations in the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00890-00301704-00302615": "new variables become theta I dot is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00891-00302616-00303094": "Delta K over Delta I sub I and I thought", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00892-00303095-00303485": "equal to minus Delta K over Delta Theta", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00893-00303486-00303887": "Pi for each I from 1 to n but this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00894-00303888-00304301": "function does not depend by assertion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00895-00304302-00304517": "we've already asserted that it doesn't", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00896-00304518-00304712": "depend on any of the angle variables", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00897-00304713-00304976": "therefore these quantities vanish", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00898-00304977-00305549": "identically all n of them which imply", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00899-00305550-00305975": "immediately which implies that I I", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00900-00305976-00306940": "to constant of the motion for each eye", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00901-00306941-00307295": "so we've trivially integrated n of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00902-00307296-00307523": "two end differential equations of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00903-00307524-00307831": "Hamiltonian system but we can go further", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00904-00307832-00308207": "once this is so this is a function of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00905-00308208-00308411": "all the action variables and it's", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00906-00308412-00308594": "partial derivative with respect to any", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00907-00308595-00308888": "one of them is also some function Omega", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00908-00308889-00309149": "let me call it Omega sub I of all the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00909-00309150-00309347": "action variables which I collectively", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00910-00309348-00309614": "write as I because this is a function of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00911-00309615-00309902": "I alone just the action variables and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00912-00309903-00310088": "it's partial derivative is also a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00913-00310089-00310345": "function of the action variables alone", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00914-00310346-00310610": "but this is now a constant of the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00915-00310611-00310931": "because the eye is our constant for any", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00916-00310932-00311234": "given set of initial conditions and it", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00917-00311235-00311525": "says the rate of change of any theta is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00918-00311526-00312041": "a constant which implies at once that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00919-00312042-00312542": "theta I of T is the initial value this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00920-00312543-00312869": "plus Omega I which is of course a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00921-00312870-00313051": "function of all the action variables", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00922-00313052-00313544": "multiplied by T and therefore you", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00923-00313545-00313874": "affected the actual explicit integration", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00924-00313875-00314228": "of all Hamilton's equations all the 2n", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00925-00314229-00314432": "equations have been integrated out", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00926-00314433-00314903": "completely now let's take stock of this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00927-00314904-00315292": "what does this mean well if that magic", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00928-00315293-00315605": "applies if the Louisville Arnold theorem", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00929-00315606-00315872": "applies the criterion applies and we are", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00930-00315873-00316067": "able to find these n constants of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00931-00316068-00316415": "motion in involution then the assertion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00932-00316416-00316748": "is that there exists a canonical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00933-00316749-00316937": "transformation doesn't tell you how to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00934-00316938-00317123": "find this canonical transformation but", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00935-00317124-00317282": "you are assured that there exists such a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00936-00317283-00317564": "transformation such that the new", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00937-00317565-00317930": "Hamiltonian has only dependence on the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00938-00317931-00318161": "action variables and all the angle", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00939-00318162-00318427": "variables become cyclic coordinates", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00940-00318428-00318812": "they're ignore abrel coordinates which", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00941-00318813-00319040": "at once means that all the action", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00942-00319041-00319285": "variables are constants of the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00943-00319286-00319510": "and the angle variables have a simple", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00944-00319511-00319960": "linear dependence on time what", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00945-00319961-00320146": "determines the value of all these", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00946-00320147-00320632": "constants of the motion the numerical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00947-00320633-00320870": "values what determines these numerical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00948-00320871-00321127": "values the initial conditions you have", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00949-00321128-00321491": "to and pieces of data initial data n of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00950-00321492-00321652": "them go in determining these end", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00951-00321653-00321887": "constants and the remaining n go in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00952-00321888-00322231": "determining the initial values of these", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00953-00322232-00322603": "angle variables so what I have it", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00954-00322604-00322916": "achieved in the 2n plus 1 dimensional", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00955-00322917-00323323": "extended phase space you need to have 2n", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00956-00323324-00323537": "constants of the motion to specify the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00957-00323538-00323864": "motion of which at least one must be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00958-00323865-00324010": "time-dependent so that there is motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00959-00324011-00324440": "as time goes on n of them are these", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00960-00324441-00324703": "action variables they are true integrals", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00961-00324704-00324996": "of the motion the remaining are", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00962-00324997-00325258": "constants of integration these", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00963-00325259-00325592": "quantities this immediately implies that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00964-00325593-00326195": "theta I minus Omega I T is a set of n", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00965-00326196-00326577": "time dependent constants of the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00966-00326578-00326795": "which together with these first", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00967-00326796-00327400": "integrals these guys specify 2n some of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00968-00327401-00327590": "which are time dependent to n constants", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00969-00327591-00327764": "of the motion in the 2n plus 1", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00970-00327765-00328027": "dimensional extended phase space and the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00971-00328028-00328285": "motion is totally determined in terms of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00972-00328286-00328619": "these constants of the motion so it is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00973-00328620-00328876": "in this sense that the liberal Arnold", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00974-00328877-00329069": "criterion tells you the system is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00975-00329070-00329347": "integrable completely integrable how do", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00976-00329348-00329596": "you find the original p's and q's once", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00977-00329597-00329843": "again remember this was a canonical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00978-00329844-00330089": "transformation with determinant equal to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00979-00330090-00330322": "plus 1 the determinant is not 0 and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00980-00330323-00330508": "therefore in principle the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00981-00330509-00330835": "transformation is invertible given the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00982-00330836-00331045": "Thetas and the eyes I should be able to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00983-00331046-00331270": "go back in principle to the P's and Q's", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00984-00331271-00331483": "and they may themselves have very", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00985-00331484-00331735": "complicated motion but dependence is on", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00986-00331736-00331927": "time but the angle variables are very", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00987-00331928-00332170": "simple motion very simple dependence is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00988-00332171-00332448": "on", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00989-00332449-00332782": "you also begin to see that this kind of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00990-00332783-00333088": "integrability is applicable in general", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00991-00333089-00333441": "to bounded motion in Hamiltonian systems", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00992-00333442-00333865": "generally periodic motion or motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00993-00333866-00333976": "which is comprised of many", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00994-00333977-00334201": "characteristic frequencies which may or", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00995-00334202-00334348": "may not be commensurate with each other", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00996-00334349-00334525": "so the motion may not be strictly", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00997-00334526-00334879": "periodic but may be quasi periodic just", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00998-00334880-00335011": "like if you took two simple harmonic", "zwOzAGvEsRU-00999-00335012-00335284": "oscillators at right angles all of you", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01000-00335285-00335566": "are aware that if the frequency ratio of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01001-00335567-00335791": "these two oscillators is a rational", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01002-00335792-00336025": "number then the system comes back to its", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01003-00336026-00336289": "initial value initial position and the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01004-00336290-00336484": "motion is truly periodic on the other", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01005-00336485-00336628": "hand if the frequency ratio is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01006-00336629-00336817": "irrational then the motion is not", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01007-00336818-00337036": "periodic in all the four dynamical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01008-00337037-00337348": "variables but only so in two of them at", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01009-00337349-00337705": "a time Q 1 and P 1 and Q 2 and P 2", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01010-00337706-00337894": "separately and you get these complicated", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01011-00337895-00338140": "lissajous figures when you project this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01012-00338141-00338518": "motion on to the Q 1 Q 2 plane so in the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01013-00338519-00338743": "same sense this kind of integrability", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01014-00338744-00339025": "for bounded Hamiltonian motion implies", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01015-00339026-00339400": "that in general the motion is quasi", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01016-00339401-00339634": "periodic with a characteristic set of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01017-00339635-00339853": "frequencies which are one might call the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01018-00339854-00340141": "omegas and cells but the important thing", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01019-00340142-00340417": "to note is that these omegas depend on", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01020-00340418-00340675": "these constants of the motion and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01021-00340676-00340819": "therefore if you have different", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01022-00340820-00341011": "constants if you start with different", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01023-00341012-00341248": "initial conditions then in general the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01024-00341249-00341434": "characteristic frequencies of the system", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01025-00341435-00341668": "also change this is a feature which is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01026-00341669-00341800": "not present in the harmonic oscillator", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01027-00341801-00342067": "or linear problems of this kind where", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01028-00342068-00342223": "the frequencies are given to you right", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01029-00342224-00342412": "in the beginning here the frequencies", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01030-00342413-00342610": "are energy dependent their initial", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01031-00342611-00342934": "condition dependent in general but the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01032-00342935-00343135": "motion is solved it's completely solved", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01033-00343136-00343516": "for now you could ask is it so that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01034-00343517-00343789": "these eyes are the f1 f2 f ends", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01035-00343790-00344056": "themselves is that true", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01036-00344057-00344287": "the answer is after all they're in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01037-00344288-00344533": "involution with each other as well the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01038-00344534-00344752": "answer is in general these action", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01039-00344753-00345022": "variables are not the constants of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01040-00345023-00345409": "motion f1 through FN themselves but they", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01041-00345410-00345607": "be constructed from them you can", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01042-00345608-00345877": "construct from these constants f1", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01043-00345878-00346132": "through FN you can construct appropriate", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01044-00346133-00346295": "action variables which would then be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01045-00346296-00346469": "canonical variables in the sense that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01046-00346470-00346630": "those Poisson bracket relations are", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01047-00346631-00346892": "valid and that's the crucial point this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01048-00346893-00347332": "this thing has to be valid here now", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01049-00347333-00347557": "let's point out one final thing what's", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01050-00347558-00347792": "the meaning of having two functions in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01051-00347793-00348017": "involution with each other what does", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01052-00348018-00348293": "this imply and this matrix J we talked", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01053-00348294-00348481": "about gives us a very simple way of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01054-00348482-00348724": "understanding this geometrically in fact", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01055-00348725-00349022": "most of Hamiltonian mechanics is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01056-00349023-00349201": "something called symplectic geometry", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01057-00349202-00349466": "it's understandable in geometrical terms", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01058-00349467-00349772": "in phase space we already saw that the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01059-00349773-00350093": "flow itself was always along the level", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01060-00350094-00350417": "surface h equal to constant suppose i", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01061-00350418-00350758": "take two quantities a and b and take", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01062-00350759-00351047": "their Poisson bracket and ask can I", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01063-00351048-00351307": "write that in compact form the answer is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01064-00351308-00351607": "yes when it's done in a very revealing", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01065-00351608-00352231": "form so if a Poisson bracket be equal to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01066-00352232-00352678": "zero this of course means that summation", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01067-00352679-00353164": "I equal to 1 to N Delta a over Delta Qi", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01068-00353165-00353642": "Delta B over Delta P I minus Delta a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01069-00353643-00354547": "over Delta P I Delta Qi is 0 this is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01070-00354548-00355127": "what it implies", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01071-00355128-00355462": "using this matrix J we can write this in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01072-00355463-00355860": "an extremely simple form this quantity", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01073-00355861-00356301": "is also equal to clearly certain", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01074-00356302-00356662": "derivatives are acting on B so this is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01075-00356663-00356995": "also equal to the gradient of B in phase", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01076-00356996-00357268": "space with these two and derivatives", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01077-00357269-00357477": "Delta over Delta q1 up to Delta over", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01078-00357478-00357804": "Delta PN this thing is a certain vector", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01079-00357805-00358017": "and can be written as a column vector", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01080-00358018-00358318": "Delta B over Delta Q 1 all the way down", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01081-00358319-00358760": "to Delta P over Delta P n this vector", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01082-00358761-00359245": "with AJ here and the gradient of a here", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01083-00359246-00359491": "with a transpose to show that this is a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01084-00359492-00359766": "row vector Delta a over Delta q1", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01085-00359767-00359989": "horizontally all the way up to Delta a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01086-00359990-00360313": "over Delta P and the transpose of this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01087-00360314-00360585": "is a row vector here times the J matrix", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01088-00360586-00360810": "times Delta B and that's what the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01089-00360811-00361096": "Poisson bracket is so it says this is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01090-00361097-00361264": "equal to 0 if the Poisson bracket", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01091-00361265-00361728": "vanishes so it's as if the gradient of a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01092-00361729-00361891": "and the gradient of B are not quite", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01093-00361892-00362062": "normal to each other which is what would", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01094-00362063-00362328": "happen if the dot product vanished but", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01095-00362329-00362545": "in a symplectic sense they're normal to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01096-00362546-00362727": "each other because once you put the j in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01097-00362728-00363333": "between here this is 0 so what does that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01098-00363334-00363544": "tell us whenever you have a constant of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01099-00363545-00363817": "the motion it implies that the motion is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01100-00363818-00364239": "on the level surface of this function", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01101-00364240-00364503": "because we saw that a constant of the", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01102-00364504-00364792": "motion implied that it doesn't change as", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01103-00364793-00365151": "the flow occurs and now in addition to", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01104-00365152-00365322": "the level surface of the Hamiltonian if", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01105-00365323-00365496": "you have other constants of the motion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01106-00365497-00365812": "then the flow is on the level surfaces", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01107-00365813-00366145": "of both these flows and the fact that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01108-00366146-00366450": "this dot product pseudo dot product", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01109-00366451-00366702": "vanishes implies that these vector", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01110-00366703-00366960": "fields gradient of a gradient of B and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01111-00366961-00367260": "so on are in some sense independent of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01112-00367261-00367458": "each other they're linearly independent", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01113-00367459-00367768": "of each other so we really have a", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01114-00367769-00367974": "mathematical structure for Hamiltonian", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01115-00367975-00368212": "flows if the Leoville Arnold criterion", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01116-00368213-00368269": "inside is", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01117-00368270-00368554": "which says that these n quantities", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01118-00368555-00369124": "gradient f1 gradient f2 gradient F n of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01119-00369125-00369334": "which the first could be chosen to be", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01120-00369335-00369538": "the Hamiltonian itself so this is Delta", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01121-00369539-00370063": "H these n vector fields form a kind of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01122-00370064-00370363": "basis on the surface on which the flow", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01123-00370364-00370648": "actually happens that restricts the kind", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01124-00370649-00370954": "of surface you could have so very", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01125-00370955-00371206": "special thing happens once this magic of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01126-00371207-00371493": "integrability occurs and in some sense", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01127-00371494-00371797": "the flow is reduced from a to n minus 1", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01128-00371798-00372031": "dimensional energy surface to an N", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01129-00372032-00372277": "dimensional object in the action angle", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01130-00372278-00372514": "variables space that n dimensional", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01131-00372515-00372801": "object is the generalization of a torus", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01132-00372802-00373125": "it's an in torus and we will see why", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01133-00373126-00373396": "this comes about and we will also see", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01134-00373397-00373639": "why these are called angle variables and", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01135-00373640-00373831": "what the significance of action", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01136-00373832-00374104": "variables is and this will also help us", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01137-00374105-00374269": "explain a mystery which you might have", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01138-00374270-00374446": "come across when you did elementary", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01139-00374447-00374599": "quantum mechanics when you're told that", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01140-00374600-00374881": "integral PD Q equal to n times Planck's", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01141-00374882-00375022": "constant and this was the Bohr", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01142-00375023-00375247": "quantization rule this will help us get", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01143-00375248-00375481": "a handle on why that happened why this", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01144-00375482-00375766": "thing happened and incidentally Planck's", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01145-00375767-00375994": "constant as the physical dimensions of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01146-00375995-00376417": "action which is energy multiplied by", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01147-00376418-00376705": "time and that's exactly what the reason", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01148-00376706-00376858": "why these are called action variables", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01149-00376859-00377068": "and it is action that's quantized in", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01150-00377069-00377316": "Planck's constant in Bohr quantization", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01151-00377317-00377629": "in the original quantization so we also", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01152-00377630-00377818": "have a connection with semi-classical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01153-00377819-00378091": "quantization at the same time and all", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01154-00378092-00378295": "this follows from the structure of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01155-00378296-00378526": "integrable hamiltonian systems so we'll", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01156-00378527-00378754": "come back to this and I'll get back here", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01157-00378755-00378913": "and explain what canonical", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01158-00378914-00379051": "transformations to what these", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01159-00379052-00379270": "transformations mean really what kind of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01160-00379271-00379582": "system what kind of geometry is implied", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01161-00379583-00379768": "by these transformations and then we", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01162-00379769-00379981": "will look at special examples of various", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01163-00379982-00380197": "cases including some problems we know", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01164-00380198-00380356": "how to solve already like harmonic", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01165-00380357-00380485": "oscillators and collections of", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01166-00380486-00380656": "oscillators because the lessons we", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01167-00380657-00380851": "learned there are generalizable to more", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01168-00380852-00381085": "difficult cases this is what we will", "zwOzAGvEsRU-01169-00381086-00381349": "take up next"}}, {"audio_id": "zx0ftKFXf30", "text": {"zx0ftKFXf30-00000-00001228-00001519": "the referendum was about changing the", "zx0ftKFXf30-00001-00001520-00001785": "name it was about the press by agreement", "zx0ftKFXf30-00002-00001786-00002007": "and of course it was about you and not", "zx0ftKFXf30-00003-00002009-00002334": "to integration as the import and as the", "zx0ftKFXf30-00004-00002335-00002692": "I think you have to have the dispute the", "zx0ftKFXf30-00005-00002693-00002902": "name dispute finish in order to continue", "zx0ftKFXf30-00006-00002903-00003154": "with the EO and NATO integration I think", "zx0ftKFXf30-00007-00003155-00003442": "the the citizens of Macedonia received", "zx0ftKFXf30-00008-00003443-00003729": "the : referendum as very as something", "zx0ftKFXf30-00009-00003730-00003915": "that is very important for the society", "zx0ftKFXf30-00010-00003917-00004147": "and the low turnout is also a political", "zx0ftKFXf30-00011-00004148-00004356": "statement it's a political statement of", "zx0ftKFXf30-00012-00004357-00004672": "the maybe majority of the citizens who", "zx0ftKFXf30-00013-00004673-00005127": "decided to boycott the referendum since", "zx0ftKFXf30-00014-00005128-00005505": "in accordance to our laws in order for", "zx0ftKFXf30-00015-00005506-00005736": "referendum to be successful more than 50", "zx0ftKFXf30-00016-00005737-00006195": "percent of the voters should go out and", "zx0ftKFXf30-00017-00006196-00006601": "vote on the possible on the options they", "zx0ftKFXf30-00018-00006602-00006846": "have it was perceived as very important", "zx0ftKFXf30-00019-00006847-00007222": "but the low turnout doesn't show that", "zx0ftKFXf30-00020-00007223-00007669": "people were not interested so in one", "zx0ftKFXf30-00021-00007670-00007975": "hand it show that he had the boycott had", "zx0ftKFXf30-00022-00007976-00008278": "a lot of supporters and on one head that", "zx0ftKFXf30-00023-00008279-00008584": "the many people were misleaded believing", "zx0ftKFXf30-00024-00008585-00008929": "that the press power agreement is really", "zx0ftKFXf30-00025-00008930-00009172": "touching and changing the ID the", "zx0ftKFXf30-00026-00009173-00009388": "national and ethnic identity of the", "zx0ftKFXf30-00027-00009389-00009544": "Macedonian which was not true", "zx0ftKFXf30-00028-00009545-00010087": "I think that the first thing on the", "zx0ftKFXf30-00029-00010088-00010390": "first consequence of the referendum is a", "zx0ftKFXf30-00030-00010391-00010777": "crisis again Macedonia is facing a new", "zx0ftKFXf30-00031-00010778-00010945": "political crisis and you have to", "zx0ftKFXf30-00032-00010946-00011193": "understand that this is a society that", "zx0ftKFXf30-00033-00011194-00011650": "like 27 years it is this is amount of", "zx0ftKFXf30-00034-00011651-00011839": "time that Macedonia is independent", "zx0ftKFXf30-00035-00011840-00012181": "country is faced like maybe every two", "zx0ftKFXf30-00036-00012182-00012604": "years in an big emergency life of that", "zx0ftKFXf30-00037-00012605-00012877": "situation which always after that", "zx0ftKFXf30-00038-00012878-00013266": "follows political and social crisis so", "zx0ftKFXf30-00039-00013268-00013525": "people are tired from it this is a", "zx0ftKFXf30-00040-00013526-00013861": "society where people mostly goes to see", "zx0ftKFXf30-00041-00013862-00014016": "doctor and this is a result", "zx0ftKFXf30-00042-00014018-00014278": "from the Public Health Institute mostly", "zx0ftKFXf30-00043-00014279-00014449": "goes to see doctor on the issues of", "zx0ftKFXf30-00044-00014450-00014752": "depression and anxiety so it's a society", "zx0ftKFXf30-00045-00014753-00015036": "that is stressed that is burnout and", "zx0ftKFXf30-00046-00015037-00015297": "another political crisis will make it", "zx0ftKFXf30-00047-00015298-00015561": "even worse and referendum I think this", "zx0ftKFXf30-00048-00015562-00015858": "is the immediate consequences there", "zx0ftKFXf30-00049-00015859-00016175": "won't be like direct consequences on the", "zx0ftKFXf30-00050-00016176-00016542": "on the situation here but it will enter", "zx0ftKFXf30-00051-00016543-00017205": "the state in another political crisis in", "zx0ftKFXf30-00052-00017206-00017697": "general we can apply this flourish and", "zx0ftKFXf30-00053-00017698-00018192": "pro-western rhetoric on retrograde and", "zx0ftKFXf30-00054-00018193-00018478": "progressive rhetoric so the ones who", "zx0ftKFXf30-00055-00018479-00018681": "were supporting the boycott were", "zx0ftKFXf30-00056-00018682-00018972": "actually the ones who are really relying", "zx0ftKFXf30-00057-00018973-00019350": "on nationalistic discourse very", "zx0ftKFXf30-00058-00019351-00019627": "exclusive discourses that we that were", "zx0ftKFXf30-00059-00019628-00019836": "focused on ethnicity and nationality and", "zx0ftKFXf30-00060-00019837-00020077": "it's very interesting interesting that", "zx0ftKFXf30-00061-00020078-00020406": "in this part of the in this group of", "zx0ftKFXf30-00062-00020407-00020658": "people and political actors even the", "zx0ftKFXf30-00063-00020659-00021012": "leftist join and the other one who are", "zx0ftKFXf30-00064-00021013-00021283": "let's say by the mini media called", "zx0ftKFXf30-00065-00021284-00021462": "Provost at the ones who are supporting", "zx0ftKFXf30-00066-00021463-00021727": "EU integration some of them even not", "zx0ftKFXf30-00067-00021728-00021969": "integration as part of the the process", "zx0ftKFXf30-00068-00021970-00022336": "but but also support more liberal values", "zx0ftKFXf30-00069-00022337-00022722": "or see the name dispute or as something", "zx0ftKFXf30-00070-00022723-00022983": "as a problem that should be solved after", "zx0ftKFXf30-00071-00022984-00023205": "27 years the press by agreement was a", "zx0ftKFXf30-00072-00023206-00023571": "good agreement and it was an open door", "zx0ftKFXf30-00073-00023572-00023827": "open door so that Mehcad Macedonia can", "zx0ftKFXf30-00074-00023828-00024249": "move forward but what does it mean in", "zx0ftKFXf30-00075-00024250-00024540": "the everyday life of citizens I'm sorry", "zx0ftKFXf30-00076-00024541-00024892": "but I think nothing because after 30 of", "zx0ftKFXf30-00077-00024893-00025183": "the September at the 1st of October we", "zx0ftKFXf30-00078-00025184-00025408": "still face the same problems we always", "zx0ftKFXf30-00079-00025409-00025734": "face corruption poverty human rights", "zx0ftKFXf30-00080-00025735-00026437": "violation so it doesn't mean a lot the", "zx0ftKFXf30-00081-00026438-00026623": "who campaign and all the debates around", "zx0ftKFXf30-00082-00026624-00026929": "the referendum showed that Macedonia is", "zx0ftKFXf30-00083-00026930-00027232": "very separated society and we are", "zx0ftKFXf30-00084-00027233-00027379": "divided on many level", "zx0ftKFXf30-00085-00027380-00027877": "ethnicity but also political ideology", "zx0ftKFXf30-00086-00027879-00028270": "and it's a society that really needs a", "zx0ftKFXf30-00087-00028272-00028370": "reconciliation", "zx0ftKFXf30-00088-00028370-00028608": "it's been 27 years since we have", "zx0ftKFXf30-00089-00028610-00028919": "independent states and in those years we", "zx0ftKFXf30-00090-00028920-00029192": "are most prominently and very focused", "zx0ftKFXf30-00091-00029193-00029483": "this this discussing as a state and as a", "zx0ftKFXf30-00092-00029483-00029870": "society on issues such as the state the", "zx0ftKFXf30-00093-00029870-00030152": "borders the nation and I think we", "zx0ftKFXf30-00094-00030152-00030356": "haven't come to the stage where we", "zx0ftKFXf30-00095-00030357-00030755": "discussed about the people so if one", "zx0ftKFXf30-00096-00030756-00030983": "thing can be say is that another", "zx0ftKFXf30-00097-00030983-00031181": "political crisis will make another", "zx0ftKFXf30-00098-00031182-00031420": "separation in the society will be even", "zx0ftKFXf30-00099-00031422-00031667": "more divided and we need a serious", "zx0ftKFXf30-00100-00031668-00031937": "strategy of reconciliation if we want", "zx0ftKFXf30-00101-00031938-00032917": "this society to move forward", "zx0ftKFXf30-00102-00032918-00033124": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "zx9HTvkptzM", "text": {"zx9HTvkptzM-00000-00000128-00000804": "[Music]", "zx9HTvkptzM-00001-00000805-00001165": "I don't like to chase", "zx9HTvkptzM-00002-00001166-00001553": "oh yo man it's the fat red guy man we", "zx9HTvkptzM-00003-00001554-00001805": "back with another video man this is from", "zx9HTvkptzM-00004-00001805-00002068": "avocado animations bro you know what I'm", "zx9HTvkptzM-00005-00002069-00002291": "saying this is uh Thelma meets the", "zx9HTvkptzM-00006-00002292-00002441": "original Velma you know what I'm saying", "zx9HTvkptzM-00007-00002442-00002668": "Velma been getting a lot of scrutiny on", "zx9HTvkptzM-00008-00002669-00002915": "on Scooby Doo she had like a home", "zx9HTvkptzM-00009-00002916-00003155": "showing uh HBO or something you heard", "zx9HTvkptzM-00010-00003156-00003388": "about that it is but while we on the", "zx9HTvkptzM-00011-00003389-00003545": "topic you go ahead introduce yourself", "zx9HTvkptzM-00012-00003546-00003749": "let them know where they can find you at", "zx9HTvkptzM-00013-00003750-00004043": "guys it's your girl uh you can go out of", "zx9HTvkptzM-00014-00004044-00004288": "my YouTube and get it to me and also my", "zx9HTvkptzM-00015-00004289-00004429": "Instagram", "zx9HTvkptzM-00016-00004430-00004751": "all right you heard it hey she got the", "zx9HTvkptzM-00017-00004752-00004936": "bikini lines everything you know what", "zx9HTvkptzM-00018-00004937-00005165": "I'm saying go check out your horny dog", "zx9HTvkptzM-00019-00005166-00005375": "but anyway we about to go ahead get into", "zx9HTvkptzM-00020-00005376-00005579": "this video y'all hit that like hit that", "zx9HTvkptzM-00021-00005580-00006059": "sub let's go guys what I got", "zx9HTvkptzM-00022-00006060-00006487": "found him right outside", "zx9HTvkptzM-00023-00006488-00006642": "nickel", "zx9HTvkptzM-00024-00006643-00006892": "hold up I had to say it in the Project", "zx9HTvkptzM-00025-00006893-00007331": "Pat voice [__] is that shaggy Shaggy", "zx9HTvkptzM-00026-00007331-00007487": "they'll turn black this [__] little", "zx9HTvkptzM-00027-00007488-00007577": "black", "zx9HTvkptzM-00028-00007578-00007906": "that's crazy it's the hairstyle it's the", "zx9HTvkptzM-00029-00007908-00008153": "cornrows this one of them white boys", "zx9HTvkptzM-00030-00008154-00008327": "that try to act black you know what I'm", "zx9HTvkptzM-00031-00008328-00008614": "saying that's what he to turn to and", "zx9HTvkptzM-00032-00008615-00008753": "then what the hell that happened to", "zx9HTvkptzM-00033-00008754-00009017": "Scooby Doo", "zx9HTvkptzM-00034-00009018-00009209": "this [__] look like one of them canine", "zx9HTvkptzM-00035-00009210-00009460": "dogs that the police have to sniff out", "zx9HTvkptzM-00036-00009461-00009664": "to see if you smoking on that marijuana", "zx9HTvkptzM-00037-00009665-00009959": "[__] that's what it looked like you", "zx9HTvkptzM-00038-00009960-00010271": "know what I'm saying no cow", "zx9HTvkptzM-00039-00010272-00010445": "what it look like", "zx9HTvkptzM-00040-00010446-00010751": "he sniffs too much of it too much of", "zx9HTvkptzM-00041-00010752-00010960": "that dog even smoked the weed look at it", "zx9HTvkptzM-00042-00010961-00011255": "y'all [__] is high all you had to do", "zx9HTvkptzM-00043-00011256-00011428": "is have his eyes a little Lord these", "zx9HTvkptzM-00044-00011429-00011614": "[__] would have been high as hell", "zx9HTvkptzM-00045-00011615-00011824": "yeah they were crazy", "zx9HTvkptzM-00046-00011825-00012024": "found him right outside", "zx9HTvkptzM-00047-00012025-00012383": "Norville that dog is big and brown which", "zx9HTvkptzM-00048-00012384-00012670": "is the exact opposite of Fred's tiny", "zx9HTvkptzM-00049-00012671-00012724": "white", "zx9HTvkptzM-00050-00012725-00012941": "[Music]", "zx9HTvkptzM-00051-00012941-00013127": "hmm", "zx9HTvkptzM-00052-00013128-00013288": "Velma", "zx9HTvkptzM-00053-00013290-00013936": "I", "zx9HTvkptzM-00054-00013937-00014230": "what the hell happened to her", "zx9HTvkptzM-00055-00014231-00014705": "oh uh is something wrong all these", "zx9HTvkptzM-00056-00014706-00014899": "[__] is black", "zx9HTvkptzM-00057-00014900-00015172": "you don't look too good", "zx9HTvkptzM-00058-00015173-00015977": "just a hood Scooby-Doo right here", "zx9HTvkptzM-00059-00015978-00016205": "that's crazy ain't it", "zx9HTvkptzM-00060-00016206-00016439": "y'all do they had to be black they got a", "zx9HTvkptzM-00061-00016440-00016672": "little tip too going to alternate", "zx9HTvkptzM-00062-00016673-00016900": "universe and stuff so her name is", "zx9HTvkptzM-00063-00016901-00017207": "Michelle instead of Velma it's shelma", "zx9HTvkptzM-00064-00017208-00018658": "you know what I'm saying man my name", "zx9HTvkptzM-00065-00018659-00019525": "oh", "zx9HTvkptzM-00066-00019526-00019877": "my God", "zx9HTvkptzM-00067-00019878-00020441": "what", "zx9HTvkptzM-00068-00020442-00020767": "I didn't think it happened so soon", "zx9HTvkptzM-00069-00020768-00021413": "it's getting worse", "zx9HTvkptzM-00070-00021414-00022691": "Scooby-Doo", "zx9HTvkptzM-00071-00022692-00023033": "here now I love you", "zx9HTvkptzM-00072-00023034-00023347": "what you know that right", "zx9HTvkptzM-00073-00023348-00023764": "he'll know I love all of you", "zx9HTvkptzM-00074-00023765-00024125": "but I don't understand", "zx9HTvkptzM-00075-00024126-00024864": "why you keep remembering", "zx9HTvkptzM-00076-00024865-00025278": "[Music]", "zx9HTvkptzM-00077-00025279-00025667": "we'd go solving Mysteries together it", "zx9HTvkptzM-00078-00025668-00026200": "was what the hell happened to that [__]", "zx9HTvkptzM-00079-00026201-00026446": "there's some twisted", "zx9HTvkptzM-00080-00026447-00026657": "[__] that had too many brownies that's", "zx9HTvkptzM-00081-00026658-00026914": "what it was", "zx9HTvkptzM-00082-00026916-00027095": "what y'all put in this [__] brownies", "zx9HTvkptzM-00083-00027095-00027358": "cause I know he used to eat that and why", "zx9HTvkptzM-00084-00027360-00027593": "why shagging next so goddamn skinny this", "zx9HTvkptzM-00085-00027594-00027862": "[__] looking like he anorexic what is", "zx9HTvkptzM-00086-00027863-00028168": "going on with y'all [__] man I know he", "zx9HTvkptzM-00087-00028169-00028614": "was a lot bigger", "zx9HTvkptzM-00088-00028616-00028805": "for real", "zx9HTvkptzM-00089-00028806-00029002": "this [__] look like that shirt do not", "zx9HTvkptzM-00090-00029004-00029170": "fit this [__]", "zx9HTvkptzM-00091-00029172-00029512": "oh", "zx9HTvkptzM-00092-00029513-00029818": "y'all skates no type of drip at all my", "zx9HTvkptzM-00093-00029819-00030052": "[__] it looked like this is a Ross", "zx9HTvkptzM-00094-00030054-00030281": "outfit my [__] this is straight out of", "zx9HTvkptzM-00095-00030282-00030520": "Ross I ain't gonna cap I see them shirts", "zx9HTvkptzM-00096-00030522-00030906": "all the time in Ross [__]", "zx9HTvkptzM-00097-00030907-00031267": "[Music]", "zx9HTvkptzM-00098-00031268-00031682": "but you started over complicating things", "zx9HTvkptzM-00099-00031683-00032455": "[Music]", "zx9HTvkptzM-00100-00032456-00032802": "now that you mention it it is a bit odd", "zx9HTvkptzM-00101-00032803-00033193": "yeah like what's up with that man", "zx9HTvkptzM-00102-00033194-00033509": "you might be on to something and", "zx9HTvkptzM-00103-00033510-00034074": "suddenly", "zx9HTvkptzM-00104-00034075-00034362": "the fun was over", "zx9HTvkptzM-00105-00034363-00034673": "so I took what remained", "zx9HTvkptzM-00106-00034674-00034949": "and I rebuilt you", "zx9HTvkptzM-00107-00034950-00035218": "I rebuilt the world", "zx9HTvkptzM-00108-00035219-00035489": "and we were back to our classic", "zx9HTvkptzM-00109-00035490-00035971": "Adventures what you started to remember", "zx9HTvkptzM-00110-00035972-00036295": "again and again", "zx9HTvkptzM-00111-00036296-00036985": "and again", "zx9HTvkptzM-00112-00036986-00037265": "so she remembers so much he turned her", "zx9HTvkptzM-00113-00037266-00037367": "black", "zx9HTvkptzM-00114-00037368-00037733": "yes crazy", "zx9HTvkptzM-00115-00037734-00038212": "before", "zx9HTvkptzM-00116-00038213-00038609": "every time she remember he kill her and", "zx9HTvkptzM-00117-00038610-00038855": "kill her and killer this is a psychopath", "zx9HTvkptzM-00118-00038856-00039293": "I ain't no Scooby-Doo was this Savage", "zx9HTvkptzM-00119-00039294-00039551": "crazy", "zx9HTvkptzM-00120-00039552-00039971": "I just want what we once had yet each", "zx9HTvkptzM-00121-00039972-00040255": "time my capture less of your essence", "zx9HTvkptzM-00122-00040256-00040615": "this being my most flawed world yet", "zx9HTvkptzM-00123-00040616-00041111": "flood but we're meta now", "zx9HTvkptzM-00124-00041112-00041290": "ugh", "zx9HTvkptzM-00125-00041291-00041495": "never the matter", "zx9HTvkptzM-00126-00041496-00041707": "I'll get it right", "zx9HTvkptzM-00127-00041708-00042117": "next time", "zx9HTvkptzM-00128-00042118-00042787": "[Music]", "zx9HTvkptzM-00129-00042788-00044387": "I don't like to chase", "zx9HTvkptzM-00130-00044388-00045695": "which is why", "zx9HTvkptzM-00131-00045696-00045917": "why oh my God", "zx9HTvkptzM-00132-00045918-00046108": "oh my God", "zx9HTvkptzM-00133-00046109-00046361": "and it's like she was running but she", "zx9HTvkptzM-00134-00046362-00046840": "wouldn't get nowhere", "zx9HTvkptzM-00135-00046841-00047152": "we just watched", "zx9HTvkptzM-00136-00047153-00047374": "I might have to show that to my nephews", "zx9HTvkptzM-00137-00047375-00047555": "and scared him one day", "zx9HTvkptzM-00138-00047556-00047824": "it's called avocado animations", "zx9HTvkptzM-00139-00047825-00048196": "this is uh Velma", "zx9HTvkptzM-00140-00048197-00048599": "that is crazy it's the original Velma", "zx9HTvkptzM-00141-00048600-00048857": "this is an insane video man I ain't", "zx9HTvkptzM-00142-00048858-00049067": "gonna lie", "zx9HTvkptzM-00143-00049068-00049318": "dang man I can't watch this before I go", "zx9HTvkptzM-00144-00049319-00049480": "to bed this ain't a video to watch", "zx9HTvkptzM-00145-00049481-00050039": "before you go to bed [__] Scooby", "zx9HTvkptzM-00146-00050040-00050224": "took a head off I don't want to dream", "zx9HTvkptzM-00147-00050225-00050471": "about Scooby-Doo I thought I see Scooby", "zx9HTvkptzM-00148-00050472-00050693": "Doo is the nice character now I don't", "zx9HTvkptzM-00149-00050694-00050873": "see that [__] as a nice character after", "zx9HTvkptzM-00150-00050874-00051232": "watching this yeah that was crazy he was", "zx9HTvkptzM-00151-00051233-00051490": "standing up like", "zx9HTvkptzM-00152-00051491-00051707": "[__] was standing up on both legs", "zx9HTvkptzM-00153-00051708-00052108": "that's correct", "zx9HTvkptzM-00154-00052109-00052282": "he don't even do that though he looked", "zx9HTvkptzM-00155-00052283-00052504": "he didn't look good that better verse he", "zx9HTvkptzM-00156-00052505-00052679": "was crazy", "zx9HTvkptzM-00157-00052679-00053009": "but y'all let us know what we should", "zx9HTvkptzM-00158-00053010-00053416": "react to the next time man it's the fat", "zx9HTvkptzM-00159-00053417-00053626": "red guy man on Sonic no I'm Gonna Leave", "zx9HTvkptzM-00160-00053627-00053879": "Her Link in the description go check out", "zx9HTvkptzM-00161-00053879-00054119": "her Channel all right", "zx9HTvkptzM-00162-00054120-00054485": "we out game it's the fat red guy man", "zx9HTvkptzM-00163-00054486-00054700": "signing out you guys have a wonderful", "zx9HTvkptzM-00164-00054701-00054998": "day Man game"}}, {"audio_id": "zx-6JZ6m6zY", "text": {"zx-6JZ6m6zY-00000-00000272-00000390": "hey guys", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00001-00000391-00000574": "i don't want to be the guy to say holy", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00002-00000575-00000807": "[__] i'm back i've been here i just", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00003-00000808-00000999": "haven't uploaded make sure you hit that", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00004-00001000-00001254": "like sub button especially on this video", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00005-00001255-00001503": "nobody makes any good games anymore", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00006-00001504-00001830": "sadly", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00007-00001832-00002134": "here in the deep blue sea", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00008-00002135-00002342": "all right so i found this game um it's", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00009-00002343-00002902": "called doge fight", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00010-00002903-00003297": "welcome to dodge fight", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00011-00003299-00003438": "[Music]", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00012-00003439-00003661": "high quality gameplay", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00013-00003661-00004375": "[Music]", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00014-00004376-00004567": "how the [__]", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00015-00004568-00004838": "i can't go up again how do i go up", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00016-00004839-00005038": "is there stairs oh there's stairs looks", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00017-00005039-00005335": "like a manga", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00018-00005336-00005486": "i wonder if there's a way to set up bots", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00019-00005487-00005727": "because if so i'm about to go rock some", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00020-00005728-00006022": "people let's find that out", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00021-00006023-00006174": "oh i can't leave", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00022-00006175-00006359": "[Music]", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00023-00006360-00006767": "there's no leave button", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00024-00006768-00006959": "i've been putting this game off for a", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00025-00006959-00007255": "while now let's see how this game works", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00026-00007256-00007301": "new game", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00027-00007302-00007623": "[Music]", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00028-00007623-00007806": "what the [__] does someone just take a", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00029-00007808-00008510": "fat [__]", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00030-00008511-00008631": "all right hold on let me turn down these", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00031-00008632-00009063": "sound effects a little bit more", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00032-00009064-00009519": "maybe just a little bit more", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00033-00009520-00009748": "the game crashed", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00034-00009749-00010842": "[Music]", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00035-00010843-00010947": "[Applause]", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00036-00010948-00012206": "[Music]", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00037-00012207-00012309": "so", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00038-00012310-00013527": "[Music]", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00039-00013528-00013830": "okay", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00040-00013831-00013935": "so", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00041-00013936-00014151": "um as you can tell the soundtrack on", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00042-00014152-00014375": "this game goes crazy", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00043-00014376-00014566": "um", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00044-00014568-00014935": "i lasted six seconds that's normal", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00045-00014936-00015094": "no but um", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00046-00015095-00015319": "so yeah this soundtrack of this game go", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00047-00015319-00015415": "crazy", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00048-00015416-00015607": "but uh let's let's see let's see what", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00049-00015608-00015758": "this let's see what this is about i'm", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00050-00015759-00015986": "gonna i'm gonna try again of course", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00051-00015987-00016886": "[Music]", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00052-00016887-00017255": "is there like an attack button", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00053-00017256-00017919": "like a punch button or do i only run", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00054-00017920-00018441": "uh i suck i suck at this game", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00055-00018442-00018767": "[Music]", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00056-00018768-00018988": "there's some crazy spiders", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00057-00018989-00019647": "[Music]", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00058-00019648-00019814": "it's fine it's fine it's fine it's fine", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00059-00019815-00020244": "it's fine it's fine it's fine", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00060-00020245-00020799": "[Music]", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00061-00020800-00020943": "okay", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00062-00020944-00021630": "king of the mountain", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00063-00021631-00021822": "any competition you can be gone but a", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00064-00021823-00022063": "dream on nazir put the team on the", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00065-00022064-00022230": "sticks he turned to a demon on his", "zx-6JZ6m6zY-00066-00022231-00022600": "sticks he turned to a genius"}}, {"audio_id": "zydh7gCnOFM", "text": {"zydh7gCnOFM-00000-00000144-00008645": "[Music]", "zydh7gCnOFM-00001-00008646-00008916": "okay I think it's about time to get", "zydh7gCnOFM-00002-00008917-00009207": "started um welcome everyone I'm cliff", "zydh7gCnOFM-00003-00009208-00009464": "Lynch the director of scene and I and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00004-00009465-00009768": "you have arrived at one of the project", "zydh7gCnOFM-00005-00009769-00010122": "briefings that's part of the spring 2020", "zydh7gCnOFM-00006-00010123-00010692": "CNI virtual member meeting we have two", "zydh7gCnOFM-00007-00010693-00011004": "speakers today Chris prom and Sally", "zydh7gCnOFM-00008-00011005-00011430": "DuBose who are going to address issues", "zydh7gCnOFM-00009-00011431-00011954": "around the management of email archives", "zydh7gCnOFM-00010-00011955-00012348": "this is a subject that CNI has been very", "zydh7gCnOFM-00011-00012349-00012590": "interested in for a long time and I know", "zydh7gCnOFM-00012-00012591-00012980": "many of our members are struggling with", "zydh7gCnOFM-00013-00012981-00013383": "it is a critical part of how we're going", "zydh7gCnOFM-00014-00013384-00013863": "to maintain the raw materials that are", "zydh7gCnOFM-00015-00013863-00014069": "going to be essential for doing future", "zydh7gCnOFM-00016-00014071-00014369": "scholarship and I'm delighted that we", "zydh7gCnOFM-00017-00014371-00014700": "have this presentation today giving us", "zydh7gCnOFM-00018-00014701-00014946": "insights into the emerging best", "zydh7gCnOFM-00019-00014947-00015512": "practices we are going to have both", "zydh7gCnOFM-00020-00015513-00015906": "presentations and then at the end of the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00021-00015907-00016163": "second presentation diane golden", "zydh7gCnOFM-00022-00016165-00016335": "Burkhardt from Siena and I will", "zydh7gCnOFM-00023-00016336-00016764": "materialise and moderate a Q&A session", "zydh7gCnOFM-00024-00016765-00017043": "there is a Q&A tool at the bottom of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00025-00017044-00017379": "your screen and you can use that to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00026-00017380-00017568": "bring up a text box where you can type", "zydh7gCnOFM-00027-00017569-00017994": "in questions for that question and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00028-00017995-00018201": "answer session at any point during the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00029-00018202-00018558": "presentation so as you're listening and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00030-00018559-00018861": "as questions occur to you please feel", "zydh7gCnOFM-00031-00018862-00019128": "free to put them in as you're thinking", "zydh7gCnOFM-00032-00019129-00019542": "of them and with that I will just say", "zydh7gCnOFM-00033-00019543-00019881": "thanks again for joining us I will thank", "zydh7gCnOFM-00034-00019882-00020141": "our presenters in advance for being", "zydh7gCnOFM-00035-00020142-00020574": "willing to join us for this virtual", "zydh7gCnOFM-00036-00020575-00020900": "session and I will hand it off to Chris", "zydh7gCnOFM-00037-00020901-00021197": "who will give the first presentation", "zydh7gCnOFM-00038-00021198-00021567": "Thank You Clifton Thank You C&I for your", "zydh7gCnOFM-00039-00021568-00021753": "support of the email archiving", "zydh7gCnOFM-00040-00021754-00022008": "and as cliff indicated this is a perch", "zydh7gCnOFM-00041-00022009-00022269": "allenge that many many organizations", "zydh7gCnOFM-00042-00022270-00022580": "face what I would like to do is offer an", "zydh7gCnOFM-00043-00022581-00022794": "update to the community and some", "zydh7gCnOFM-00044-00022795-00022944": "activities that are taking place", "zydh7gCnOFM-00045-00022945-00023144": "generally within the email archiving", "zydh7gCnOFM-00046-00023145-00023394": "community and then turn things over to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00047-00023395-00023628": "Sally for a specific project update", "zydh7gCnOFM-00048-00023629-00023925": "regarding the epad software tool which", "zydh7gCnOFM-00049-00023926-00024102": "is a critical tool and a critical", "zydh7gCnOFM-00050-00024103-00024328": "project that's providing support for", "zydh7gCnOFM-00051-00024329-00024611": "institutions that are looking to add", "zydh7gCnOFM-00052-00024612-00024924": "email to their research collections as", "zydh7gCnOFM-00053-00024925-00025178": "cliff said really constituting the raw", "zydh7gCnOFM-00054-00025179-00025569": "material of history moving forward so", "zydh7gCnOFM-00055-00025570-00025905": "this update and this briefing is really", "zydh7gCnOFM-00056-00025906-00026142": "a follow-on to work that was funded by", "zydh7gCnOFM-00057-00026143-00026433": "the Andrew W mellon foundation and the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00058-00026433-00026736": "digital preservation Coalition which had", "zydh7gCnOFM-00059-00026737-00027027": "sponsored a task force which I had the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00060-00027027-00027201": "pleasure of co-chairing with my", "zydh7gCnOFM-00061-00027202-00027387": "colleague Kate Murray from the Library", "zydh7gCnOFM-00062-00027388-00027705": "of Congress and I served with a group of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00063-00027706-00027876": "other people to write a really wonderful", "zydh7gCnOFM-00064-00027877-00028295": "and useful report published by clear", "zydh7gCnOFM-00065-00028297-00028618": "regarding the state of email archiving", "zydh7gCnOFM-00066-00028619-00028881": "the purpose of the report was really to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00067-00028882-00029145": "lay out a framework for additional work", "zydh7gCnOFM-00068-00029145-00029357": "that needed to be done in the community", "zydh7gCnOFM-00069-00029358-00029637": "also provided some workflow and tool", "zydh7gCnOFM-00070-00029638-00029937": "options and but the main focus really", "zydh7gCnOFM-00071-00029938-00030237": "was on the recommendations and laying", "zydh7gCnOFM-00072-00030238-00030408": "out the particular challenges that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00073-00030408-00030671": "organizations face so I would just like", "zydh7gCnOFM-00074-00030672-00030912": "to briefly review what those challenges", "zydh7gCnOFM-00075-00030913-00031182": "are and also some of the recommendations", "zydh7gCnOFM-00076-00031183-00031421": "from the report because I will be", "zydh7gCnOFM-00077-00031422-00031640": "reporting specifically on two additional", "zydh7gCnOFM-00078-00031641-00031923": "pieces of follow-on grant making", "zydh7gCnOFM-00079-00031924-00032139": "activity that have been funded by the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00080-00032139-00032364": "mellon Foundation and there is other", "zydh7gCnOFM-00081-00032364-00032687": "other work that's been you know pushed", "zydh7gCnOFM-00082-00032688-00032964": "forward since the report as well so the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00083-00032965-00033231": "challenges should be familiar to many of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00084-00033232-00033561": "us obviously there are many privacy and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00085-00033562-00033908": "sensitivity concerns around email which", "zydh7gCnOFM-00086-00033909-00034124": "manifests themselves as difficult", "zydh7gCnOFM-00087-00034125-00034335": "appraisal and selection decisions both", "zydh7gCnOFM-00088-00034336-00034743": "for archivists as well as for creators", "zydh7gCnOFM-00089-00034744-00035021": "of material another challenge of course", "zydh7gCnOFM-00090-00035022-00035118": "is the scale", "zydh7gCnOFM-00091-00035119-00035301": "female Collections which can range from", "zydh7gCnOFM-00092-00035302-00035649": "very small but more often did not are", "zydh7gCnOFM-00093-00035650-00035985": "quite big quite difficult to manage in", "zydh7gCnOFM-00094-00035986-00036348": "organizations email also of course is a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00095-00036349-00036558": "set of mixed content which is something", "zydh7gCnOFM-00096-00036559-00036807": "that archivists are very familiar with", "zydh7gCnOFM-00097-00036808-00037050": "and in that it includes attachments and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00098-00037051-00037533": "links out to other services file sharing", "zydh7gCnOFM-00099-00037534-00037821": "services so taken as a whole there are a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00100-00037822-00038049": "wide range of challenges to acquiring it", "zydh7gCnOFM-00101-00038050-00038379": "and managing it one of the problems that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00102-00038380-00038613": "the report identified is that there some", "zydh7gCnOFM-00103-00038614-00038810": "of the current formats that can be used", "zydh7gCnOFM-00104-00038811-00039348": "to preserve email really illustrate a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00105-00039349-00039663": "set of problems in and of themselves and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00106-00039664-00039924": "that metadata may not be handed off from", "zydh7gCnOFM-00107-00039925-00040317": "tool to tool pop properly there's a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00108-00040318-00040530": "question as to what should be the best", "zydh7gCnOFM-00109-00040531-00040917": "format archived email messages in most", "zydh7gCnOFM-00110-00040918-00041145": "systems will export messages in a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00111-00041146-00041517": "particular format such as PST or EML or", "zydh7gCnOFM-00112-00041518-00041982": "inbox and you know the fact of the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00113-00041983-00042183": "matter is that in most cases you end up", "zydh7gCnOFM-00114-00042184-00042405": "trying to preserve a data object that's", "zydh7gCnOFM-00115-00042406-00042723": "very email specific and may or may not", "zydh7gCnOFM-00116-00042724-00042963": "play well with a repository service that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00117-00042964-00043179": "is expecting something other than a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00118-00043180-00043542": "massive inbox file to preserve the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00119-00043543-00043755": "report also identified problems with", "zydh7gCnOFM-00120-00043756-00044015": "current workflows requiring complex tool", "zydh7gCnOFM-00121-00044016-00044253": "chaining and what that's meant is that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00122-00044254-00044454": "there's been relatively little uptake of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00123-00044455-00044634": "email archiving tools in the broader", "zydh7gCnOFM-00124-00044635-00044898": "community even leaving aside some of the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00125-00044899-00045153": "issues of trust that can make it", "zydh7gCnOFM-00126-00045154-00045339": "difficult to acquire the collections in", "zydh7gCnOFM-00127-00045340-00045435": "the first place", "zydh7gCnOFM-00128-00045436-00045693": "the bottom line is that the report put", "zydh7gCnOFM-00129-00045694-00045924": "forward a set of recommendations around", "zydh7gCnOFM-00130-00045925-00046275": "two main areas the first one was the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00131-00046276-00046482": "continuation of community development", "zydh7gCnOFM-00132-00046483-00046854": "and advocacy for email archiving laid", "zydh7gCnOFM-00133-00046855-00047013": "out an agenda of lower barrier", "zydh7gCnOFM-00134-00047014-00047271": "activities that could be taking place", "zydh7gCnOFM-00135-00047272-00047576": "such as training and skills development", "zydh7gCnOFM-00136-00047577-00047892": "demystifying email archiving some of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00137-00047893-00048096": "this work has moved forward for instance", "zydh7gCnOFM-00138-00048097-00048285": "the Society of American archivists now", "zydh7gCnOFM-00139-00048286-00048497": "sponsors and email", "zydh7gCnOFM-00140-00048498-00048956": "a one-day email workshop in essence", "zydh7gCnOFM-00141-00048957-00049190": "there's a workshop for iPad as well", "zydh7gCnOFM-00142-00049191-00049382": "which I think Sally could probably touch", "zydh7gCnOFM-00143-00049383-00049691": "on and then the report also identified", "zydh7gCnOFM-00144-00049692-00049850": "potentially some higher impact", "zydh7gCnOFM-00145-00049851-00050153": "activities to take place as well such as", "zydh7gCnOFM-00146-00050154-00050555": "sustaining email archiving community", "zydh7gCnOFM-00147-00050556-00050815": "beginning specification planning", "zydh7gCnOFM-00148-00050816-00051265": "improving options for the use of PDF and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00149-00051266-00051554": "improving standards documentation x' a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00150-00051554-00051773": "little bit of the hope of the report was", "zydh7gCnOFM-00151-00051774-00051904": "that some of these would be funded with", "zydh7gCnOFM-00152-00051905-00052096": "grant making activities in the future", "zydh7gCnOFM-00153-00052097-00052319": "and in fact I'll be reviewing some of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00154-00052320-00052664": "those in just a moment the second set of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00155-00052665-00052859": "recommendations from the report was", "zydh7gCnOFM-00156-00052860-00053063": "around tools support testing and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00157-00053064-00053333": "development and again the report broke", "zydh7gCnOFM-00158-00053334-00053516": "things off and a set of lower barrier", "zydh7gCnOFM-00159-00053516-00053830": "activities such as testing existing", "zydh7gCnOFM-00160-00053832-00054170": "tools improving format identification", "zydh7gCnOFM-00161-00054171-00054398": "and characterization and that higher", "zydh7gCnOFM-00162-00054399-00054700": "impact activities that would require", "zydh7gCnOFM-00163-00054701-00054974": "some level of external support or", "zydh7gCnOFM-00164-00054975-00055211": "internal commitment such as impure", "zydh7gCnOFM-00165-00055212-00055510": "improving tools for sensitivity review", "zydh7gCnOFM-00166-00055511-00055802": "another area it was improving the use of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00167-00055803-00056024": "machine learning and in helping to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00168-00056025-00056291": "classify and and identify emails that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00169-00056291-00056558": "are sensitive the mellon Foundation has", "zydh7gCnOFM-00170-00056559-00056798": "funded another report another project in", "zydh7gCnOFM-00171-00056799-00057079": "this area which I know was also reported", "zydh7gCnOFM-00172-00057080-00057335": "on at the CNI meeting this is the Ray", "zydh7gCnOFM-00173-00057336-00057569": "Tom project and I believe you can find a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00174-00057570-00057854": "copy of the provi do of the project", "zydh7gCnOFM-00175-00057854-00058099": "briefing for that on the cni website", "zydh7gCnOFM-00176-00058100-00058313": "some of the other higher impact", "zydh7gCnOFM-00177-00058314-00058619": "activities are still ones where we could", "zydh7gCnOFM-00178-00058620-00058814": "see work emerge in the future and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00179-00058815-00059060": "certainly I hope to see some work emerge", "zydh7gCnOFM-00180-00059061-00059345": "in the future what I'd like to do next", "zydh7gCnOFM-00181-00059346-00059612": "is essentially review two projects that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00182-00059613-00059996": "the University of Illinois is pushing", "zydh7gCnOFM-00183-00059997-00060430": "forward as with support from the mellon", "zydh7gCnOFM-00184-00060432-00060754": "Foundation the first is email archiving", "zydh7gCnOFM-00185-00060755-00061094": "in PDF this is a relatively small scale", "zydh7gCnOFM-00186-00061095-00061334": "project initially to explore email", "zydh7gCnOFM-00187-00061335-00061664": "archiving using the PDF ecosystem of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00188-00061665-00061912": "standards technologies and vendor", "zydh7gCnOFM-00189-00061913-00062237": "in short the project the formal project", "zydh7gCnOFM-00190-00062238-00062423": "title is conversion criteria and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00191-00062424-00062645": "requirements for archiving email into", "zydh7gCnOFM-00192-00062646-00062948": "PDF containers and the project was", "zydh7gCnOFM-00193-00062949-00063116": "really initiated because there's a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00194-00063116-00063416": "strong desire and need particularly in", "zydh7gCnOFM-00195-00063416-00063626": "government records contexts as well as", "zydh7gCnOFM-00196-00063627-00063947": "some other ones to use PDF as a target", "zydh7gCnOFM-00197-00063948-00064313": "preservation format partly because it's", "zydh7gCnOFM-00198-00064314-00064555": "a readily available technological", "zydh7gCnOFM-00199-00064557-00064760": "solution but also because there's a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00200-00064761-00065120": "large standards in vendor ecosystem that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00201-00065121-00065447": "supports PDF the idea and thought was", "zydh7gCnOFM-00202-00065448-00065585": "that with a little bit of additional", "zydh7gCnOFM-00203-00065586-00065828": "development we could see much better", "zydh7gCnOFM-00204-00065829-00066092": "more authentic emails preserved using", "zydh7gCnOFM-00205-00066093-00066410": "PDF format so you see here a list of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00206-00066411-00066602": "individuals who are involved and I'm", "zydh7gCnOFM-00207-00066603-00066875": "very happy to report that we have good", "zydh7gCnOFM-00208-00066876-00067102": "industry representation and trade", "zydh7gCnOFM-00209-00067103-00067375": "association representation with the PDF", "zydh7gCnOFM-00210-00067376-00067595": "Association and some of our our", "zydh7gCnOFM-00211-00067596-00068026": "colleagues in industry so one of the the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00212-00068027-00068384": "questions is why PDF and essentially as", "zydh7gCnOFM-00213-00068385-00068573": "I've already touched on there is an", "zydh7gCnOFM-00214-00068574-00068804": "existing market and there are large", "zydh7gCnOFM-00215-00068805-00069026": "numbers of tools that already support", "zydh7gCnOFM-00216-00069027-00069266": "some level of conversion of email", "zydh7gCnOFM-00217-00069267-00069566": "messages to PDF format this can be as", "zydh7gCnOFM-00218-00069567-00069719": "simple as printing a message from", "zydh7gCnOFM-00219-00069720-00069980": "Outlook or what have you the issue of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00220-00069981-00070202": "course when you do that is a large", "zydh7gCnOFM-00221-00070203-00070499": "percentage of the data in the email", "zydh7gCnOFM-00222-00070500-00070652": "message in particular the header", "zydh7gCnOFM-00223-00070653-00070981": "information as well as most of the other", "zydh7gCnOFM-00224-00070982-00071261": "elements that make that PDF authentic", "zydh7gCnOFM-00225-00071262-00071642": "are kind of lost in translation so the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00226-00071643-00071819": "hope is that by leveraging a vendo", "zydh7gCnOFM-00227-00071820-00072068": "vendor ecosystem that's part of the PDF", "zydh7gCnOFM-00228-00072069-00072317": "and membership of the PDF Association", "zydh7gCnOFM-00229-00072318-00072620": "and developing a framework for how", "zydh7gCnOFM-00230-00072621-00072907": "better conversion of PDF messages take", "zydh7gCnOFM-00231-00072908-00073127": "place we could essentially improve", "zydh7gCnOFM-00232-00073128-00073493": "existing practice we do have a draft", "zydh7gCnOFM-00233-00073494-00073694": "report which is available for comment", "zydh7gCnOFM-00234-00073695-00073922": "I'll refer to that in just a minute but", "zydh7gCnOFM-00235-00073923-00074276": "just as a preview of that the report", "zydh7gCnOFM-00236-00074277-00074821": "itself recommends that a set of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00237-00074822-00075125": "requirements be placed and put into play", "zydh7gCnOFM-00238-00075126-00075239": "for the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00239-00075240-00075545": "archiving of email and PDF around the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00240-00075546-00075752": "ways in which open standards are used", "zydh7gCnOFM-00241-00075753-00075971": "the ways in which email messages are", "zydh7gCnOFM-00242-00075972-00076304": "described captured and then presented in", "zydh7gCnOFM-00243-00076305-00076583": "the interests of time I'll leave this", "zydh7gCnOFM-00244-00076584-00076835": "aside for now and just simply refer you", "zydh7gCnOFM-00245-00076836-00077123": "to the report we are currently at the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00246-00077124-00077339": "prod step in this project where we're", "zydh7gCnOFM-00247-00077340-00077570": "hoping to finalize the report between", "zydh7gCnOFM-00248-00077571-00077867": "now and the end of June so if you go to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00249-00077868-00078251": "the URL listed here email archives task", "zydh7gCnOFM-00250-00078252-00078455": "force dot or you will find a link to a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00251-00078456-00078704": "Google document where you can offer", "zydh7gCnOFM-00252-00078705-00078869": "comments and I would strongly encourage", "zydh7gCnOFM-00253-00078870-00079169": "people to review the document and it", "zydh7gCnOFM-00254-00079170-00079424": "offers some comments on those will be", "zydh7gCnOFM-00255-00079425-00079625": "pushing out some more information about", "zydh7gCnOFM-00256-00079626-00079841": "this through listservs and other", "zydh7gCnOFM-00257-00079842-00080081": "channels in the next few days but you", "zydh7gCnOFM-00258-00080082-00080428": "can see the the basic report linked here", "zydh7gCnOFM-00259-00080429-00080684": "another project I would like to announce", "zydh7gCnOFM-00260-00080685-00080966": "is that the University of Illinois is", "zydh7gCnOFM-00261-00080967-00081290": "sponsoring the project email archives", "zydh7gCnOFM-00262-00081291-00081563": "building capacity and community to cut", "zydh7gCnOFM-00263-00081564-00081746": "to the chase this is essentially a we", "zydh7gCnOFM-00264-00081747-00082016": "grant program seven hundred thousand", "zydh7gCnOFM-00265-00082017-00082258": "dollars of money will be disbursed", "zydh7gCnOFM-00266-00082259-00082508": "provided very graciously and generously", "zydh7gCnOFM-00267-00082509-00082880": "by the Andrew W mellon foundation to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00268-00082881-00083138": "essentially build up the email archiving", "zydh7gCnOFM-00269-00083139-00083471": "community so again I will simply refer", "zydh7gCnOFM-00270-00083472-00083672": "you to the project website where you can", "zydh7gCnOFM-00271-00083673-00083924": "read more about this it's a four-year", "zydh7gCnOFM-00272-00083925-00084173": "grant program funding projects of twenty", "zydh7gCnOFM-00273-00084174-00084353": "five thousand to a hundred thousand", "zydh7gCnOFM-00274-00084354-00084749": "dollars key facts about this we really", "zydh7gCnOFM-00275-00084750-00084917": "are hoping to support projects that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00276-00084918-00085082": "implement recommendations from the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00277-00085083-00085310": "report but also realize that there are", "zydh7gCnOFM-00278-00085311-00085544": "many new ideas for email archiving that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00279-00085545-00085829": "are certainly very valid and should be", "zydh7gCnOFM-00280-00085830-00086090": "supported as well would really like to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00281-00086091-00086264": "focus on broadening the range of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00282-00086265-00086546": "institutions that actively archive email", "zydh7gCnOFM-00283-00086547-00086762": "there is a strong awareness within the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00284-00086763-00086969": "community and certainly my sense is that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00285-00086970-00087283": "not a that that we have far fewer", "zydh7gCnOFM-00286-00087284-00087722": "institutions processing and preserving", "zydh7gCnOFM-00287-00087723-00087950": "email than we should currently and that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00288-00087951-00088346": "this program is a way to help rectify", "zydh7gCnOFM-00289-00088347-00088624": "that situation so just very", "zydh7gCnOFM-00290-00088625-00088905": "I've listed a few project ideas here", "zydh7gCnOFM-00291-00088906-00089280": "again a real focus here is on", "zydh7gCnOFM-00292-00089281-00089560": "implementing processing workflows and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00293-00089561-00089696": "developing communities of practice", "zydh7gCnOFM-00294-00089697-00089978": "around those toolkits but again there", "zydh7gCnOFM-00295-00089979-00090223": "are other project ideas as well that are", "zydh7gCnOFM-00296-00090224-00090521": "worth considering in the interest of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00297-00090522-00090679": "time I'd like to turn things over to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00298-00090680-00090850": "Sally you can tell you a little bit more", "zydh7gCnOFM-00299-00090851-00091087": "about the work that's taking place with", "zydh7gCnOFM-00300-00091088-00091447": "epad which is another project again that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00301-00091448-00091663": "the Andrew W mellon foundation is", "zydh7gCnOFM-00302-00091664-00092892": "currently funding thank you Chris um", "zydh7gCnOFM-00303-00092893-00093229": "thank you everyone for joining today and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00304-00093230-00093496": "thank you so much to the C&I organizers", "zydh7gCnOFM-00305-00093497-00093709": "for making these virtual sessions", "zydh7gCnOFM-00306-00093710-00093844": "possible they've been really great so", "zydh7gCnOFM-00307-00093845-00094467": "far okay I'll let me get these slides up", "zydh7gCnOFM-00308-00094468-00094768": "so my name is sally de bush i am the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00309-00094769-00095017": "project manager for the epad project at", "zydh7gCnOFM-00310-00095018-00095482": "Stanford University and the iPad is a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00311-00095483-00095665": "free and open source software is", "zydh7gCnOFM-00312-00095666-00095909": "developed by archivists and computer", "zydh7gCnOFM-00313-00095910-00096094": "scientists using machine learning", "zydh7gCnOFM-00314-00096095-00096325": "automated metadata extraction and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00315-00096326-00096625": "natural language processing to support", "zydh7gCnOFM-00316-00096626-00096946": "the review discovery and delivery of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00317-00096947-00097348": "historic email collections project began", "zydh7gCnOFM-00318-00097349-00097903": "in 2012 and eight years and six versions", "zydh7gCnOFM-00319-00097904-00098292": "later we're here in 2020 on version 7.2", "zydh7gCnOFM-00320-00098293-00098672": "and we were very pleased and honored to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00321-00098673-00098950": "receive a grant from the Andrew W mellon", "zydh7gCnOFM-00322-00098951-00099316": "foundation to pursue our work for the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00323-00099317-00099547": "this year so we started in January and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00324-00099548-00099780": "we'll wrap up at the end of December", "zydh7gCnOFM-00325-00099781-00100126": "we've identified a few major development", "zydh7gCnOFM-00326-00100127-00100465": "goals for this period so our first task", "zydh7gCnOFM-00327-00100466-00100861": "is to re develop the user interface for", "zydh7gCnOFM-00328-00100862-00101050": "reviewing attachments and that's", "zydh7gCnOFM-00329-00101051-00101234": "something that I'll give a quick demo on", "zydh7gCnOFM-00330-00101235-00101584": "a minute we're also working to scale ie", "zydh7gCnOFM-00331-00101585-00101753": "pads capacity to handle large", "zydh7gCnOFM-00332-00101754-00102146": "collections we are exploring ideas", "zydh7gCnOFM-00333-00102147-00102406": "around developing a multi-institutional", "zydh7gCnOFM-00334-00102407-00102788": "email discovery platform and I will also", "zydh7gCnOFM-00335-00102789-00102982": "get into more detail on that in this", "zydh7gCnOFM-00336-00102983-00103346": "presentation and finally we're beginning", "zydh7gCnOFM-00337-00103347-00103589": "to translate the user interface user", "zydh7gCnOFM-00338-00103590-00103903": "interface into different languages so", "zydh7gCnOFM-00339-00103904-00104128": "we're starting with the discovery module", "zydh7gCnOFM-00340-00104129-00104293": "and we're starting with French and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00341-00104294-00104665": "German so we have a few major", "zydh7gCnOFM-00342-00104666-00104840": "collaborators during this project as", "zydh7gCnOFM-00343-00104841-00105056": "well we've been working closely with a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00344-00105057-00105385": "team at Harvard as they are redeveloping", "zydh7gCnOFM-00345-00105386-00105569": "their ease tool which a lot of you may", "zydh7gCnOFM-00346-00105570-00105829": "be familiar with as an open-source", "zydh7gCnOFM-00347-00105830-00106064": "software we have been working with them", "zydh7gCnOFM-00348-00106065-00106301": "to make sure that our two projects are", "zydh7gCnOFM-00349-00106302-00106607": "well aligned and we've also been working", "zydh7gCnOFM-00350-00106608-00106840": "with a team from the University of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00351-00106841-00107090": "Manchester they have been really deeply", "zydh7gCnOFM-00352-00107091-00107453": "interested in how researchers access", "zydh7gCnOFM-00353-00107454-00107783": "email collections and they independently", "zydh7gCnOFM-00354-00107783-00108071": "of us actually developed a version of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00355-00108072-00108415": "iPads delivery module that provides", "zydh7gCnOFM-00356-00108416-00108689": "full-text of email collections online so", "zydh7gCnOFM-00357-00108690-00108904": "we've kind of joined forces with them", "zydh7gCnOFM-00358-00108905-00109199": "this year to work on some of these ideas", "zydh7gCnOFM-00359-00109200-00109388": "surrounding access to you know", "zydh7gCnOFM-00360-00109389-00109721": "and finally sustainability is is always", "zydh7gCnOFM-00361-00109722-00110144": "a focus so especially in terms of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00362-00110145-00110378": "ensuring that the software is well", "zydh7gCnOFM-00363-00110379-00110621": "documented iPad is open source software", "zydh7gCnOFM-00364-00110622-00110836": "so theoretically anyone but the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00365-00110838-00111064": "knowledge of Java and email technologies", "zydh7gCnOFM-00366-00111065-00111285": "should be able to work with the code but", "zydh7gCnOFM-00367-00111286-00111578": "we're working to create more robust", "zydh7gCnOFM-00368-00111579-00111782": "technical software to facilitate that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00369-00111783-00112261": "work and then also snoring possible", "zydh7gCnOFM-00370-00112263-00112676": "future funding options okay so the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00371-00112677-00112823": "attachment review let me go ahead and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00372-00112824-00113396": "stop my slides and pull up a pad so this", "zydh7gCnOFM-00373-00113397-00113578": "is the first version of this and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00374-00113579-00113783": "functionality so we're excited to kind", "zydh7gCnOFM-00375-00113783-00114079": "of debut it for you all this is the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00376-00114080-00114308": "Browse screen of the appraisal module B", "zydh7gCnOFM-00377-00114308-00114604": "pad and since this is the first version", "zydh7gCnOFM-00378-00114605-00114977": "the old version of this feature is still", "zydh7gCnOFM-00379-00114978-00115153": "here which for the purpose", "zydh7gCnOFM-00380-00115154-00115279": "this demo is kind of a good thing", "zydh7gCnOFM-00381-00115280-00115619": "because I can show you the difference so", "zydh7gCnOFM-00382-00115620-00115879": "what I just did there is kind of the key", "zydh7gCnOFM-00383-00115880-00116171": "to why we're redeveloping this this", "zydh7gCnOFM-00384-00116172-00116362": "particular feature relies on a Debbie", "zydh7gCnOFM-00385-00116363-00116546": "flash and that will be deprecated by the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00386-00116547-00116836": "end of the year so redeveloping this", "zydh7gCnOFM-00387-00116837-00117277": "feature was absolutely critical so here", "zydh7gCnOFM-00388-00117278-00117472": "you can see all the attachments to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00389-00117473-00117838": "emails that our images I'm sorry we get", "zydh7gCnOFM-00390-00117839-00118075": "we aren't seeing the demo on your screen", "zydh7gCnOFM-00391-00118076-00118196": "oh okay", "zydh7gCnOFM-00392-00118197-00118370": "go under if maybe you turn off the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00393-00118371-00118639": "slides or close that window we might be", "zydh7gCnOFM-00394-00118640-00118858": "able to see it okay one second on the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00395-00118859-00119243": "tray okay so you can see this window I'm", "zydh7gCnOFM-00396-00119244-00119815": "still seeing your slides in build mode", "zydh7gCnOFM-00397-00119816-00120451": "I'm seeing your web browser okay all", "zydh7gCnOFM-00398-00120452-00120964": "right now I see an email archive but", "zydh7gCnOFM-00399-00120965-00121222": "yeah Bush yep that's it we got it great", "zydh7gCnOFM-00400-00121223-00121576": "okay so to backtrack just a second we're", "zydh7gCnOFM-00401-00121577-00121777": "looking now at the current version of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00402-00121778-00122120": "the image attachment viewer this is the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00403-00122121-00122294": "feature that relies on a doobie flash", "zydh7gCnOFM-00404-00122295-00122771": "and there's a separate viewer for all", "zydh7gCnOFM-00405-00122772-00123265": "other file types so they are visible", "zydh7gCnOFM-00406-00123266-00123460": "here in this more straightforward list", "zydh7gCnOFM-00407-00123461-00123883": "format so now let me show you the new", "zydh7gCnOFM-00408-00123884-00124207": "version and in addition to adding some", "zydh7gCnOFM-00409-00124208-00124426": "slightly different functionality we've", "zydh7gCnOFM-00410-00124427-00124697": "also added a new way to access these", "zydh7gCnOFM-00411-00124698-00124984": "attachments so now there is a button at", "zydh7gCnOFM-00412-00124985-00125275": "the top of the message screen for an", "zydh7gCnOFM-00413-00125276-00125461": "attachment of view and when that's", "zydh7gCnOFM-00414-00125462-00125704": "selected what you'll see are all the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00415-00125705-00125914": "attachments that are attached to those", "zydh7gCnOFM-00416-00125915-00126115": "files that you are those messages that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00417-00126116-00126508": "you were looking at and the main thing", "zydh7gCnOFM-00418-00126509-00126727": "that you'll notice about this page is", "zydh7gCnOFM-00419-00126728-00126979": "that we're not just seeing images and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00420-00126980-00127196": "we're not just seeing other file types", "zydh7gCnOFM-00421-00127197-00127394": "we're seeing all file types represented", "zydh7gCnOFM-00422-00127395-00127576": "together so we've consolidated", "zydh7gCnOFM-00423-00127577-00127944": "everything into one view", "zydh7gCnOFM-00424-00127945-00128442": "if we click on a preview of one of these", "zydh7gCnOFM-00425-00128443-00128655": "attachments we will see some metadata", "zydh7gCnOFM-00426-00128656-00128916": "about that file so we have the file name", "zydh7gCnOFM-00427-00128917-00129153": "the subject of the message that it's", "zydh7gCnOFM-00428-00129154-00129426": "attached to the sender and the date that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00429-00129427-00129809": "it was sent we can link out to the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00430-00129810-00130067": "specific message that this attachment is", "zydh7gCnOFM-00431-00130068-00130254": "associated with we can see it right here", "zydh7gCnOFM-00432-00130255-00130644": "and we can also download this specific", "zydh7gCnOFM-00433-00130645-00131055": "file we can also download the entire set", "zydh7gCnOFM-00434-00131056-00131484": "of attachments for this group and we", "zydh7gCnOFM-00435-00131485-00131733": "have also retained that list view that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00436-00131734-00132006": "we had previously so you have the option", "zydh7gCnOFM-00437-00132007-00132261": "to view attachments in either in either", "zydh7gCnOFM-00438-00132262-00132669": "view so the this is the first version", "zydh7gCnOFM-00439-00132670-00132873": "like I said we're hoping to release the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00440-00132874-00133128": "beta version that you'll be able to test", "zydh7gCnOFM-00441-00133129-00133293": "out in the next few weeks", "zydh7gCnOFM-00442-00133294-00133554": "it may look slightly different the look", "zydh7gCnOFM-00443-00133555-00133746": "and feel might change but all of the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00444-00133747-00134013": "basic features are in place now so we're", "zydh7gCnOFM-00445-00134014-00134262": "really excited to get that out to you so", "zydh7gCnOFM-00446-00134263-00134562": "let me switch back to my slides and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00447-00134563-00134796": "hopefully this works can you see my", "zydh7gCnOFM-00448-00134797-00135330": "slides now no slides all right let me", "zydh7gCnOFM-00449-00135331-00135861": "redo that okay okay now yes", "zydh7gCnOFM-00450-00135862-00136461": "great okay another major focus for this", "zydh7gCnOFM-00451-00136462-00136745": "year is exploring ideas around a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00452-00136746-00136887": "multi-institutional", "zydh7gCnOFM-00453-00136888-00137208": "email discovery platform so I'll give", "zydh7gCnOFM-00454-00137209-00137370": "you a little bit of background on what I", "zydh7gCnOFM-00455-00137371-00137616": "mean by that um epad currently has a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00456-00137617-00137828": "module called the discovery module", "zydh7gCnOFM-00457-00137829-00138234": "institutions can publish restricted", "zydh7gCnOFM-00458-00138235-00138467": "metadata related to their collections", "zydh7gCnOFM-00459-00138468-00138723": "online for researchers to access using", "zydh7gCnOFM-00460-00138724-00138927": "this module so they can publish", "zydh7gCnOFM-00461-00138928-00139281": "information about collections similar to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00462-00139282-00139505": "the front matter of a finding aid and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00463-00139506-00139839": "researchers can also access restricted", "zydh7gCnOFM-00464-00139840-00140132": "information or redacted information and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00465-00140133-00140397": "about individual messages themselves so", "zydh7gCnOFM-00466-00140398-00140562": "you can see here you have information", "zydh7gCnOFM-00467-00140563-00140892": "about the date the sender as well as all", "zydh7gCnOFM-00468-00140893-00141259": "the extracted entities of this message", "zydh7gCnOFM-00469-00141260-00141546": "so we believe that the the discovery", "zydh7gCnOFM-00470-00141547-00141860": "module is a really powerful tool both", "zydh7gCnOFM-00471-00141861-00142238": "for institutions and for researchers but", "zydh7gCnOFM-00472-00142239-00142487": "so far only Stanford has implemented", "zydh7gCnOFM-00473-00142488-00142813": "this this site and there are some", "zydh7gCnOFM-00474-00142814-00143109": "technical and resource kind of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00475-00143110-00143402": "challenges and implementing it and so", "zydh7gCnOFM-00476-00143403-00143564": "recognizing that we've been thinking", "zydh7gCnOFM-00477-00143565-00143808": "about how we can lower those barriers to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00478-00143809-00144284": "implementation the idea that we're", "zydh7gCnOFM-00479-00144285-00144461": "working with this year is that we will", "zydh7gCnOFM-00480-00144462-00144773": "move the data that we have on displayed", "zydh7gCnOFM-00481-00144774-00145127": "on our discovery site to AWS and develop", "zydh7gCnOFM-00482-00145128-00145431": "an administrative interface that would", "zydh7gCnOFM-00483-00145432-00145778": "allow other institutions to register", "zydh7gCnOFM-00484-00145779-00146019": "upload their collections and publish", "zydh7gCnOFM-00485-00146020-00146486": "them to a shared discovery site I think", "zydh7gCnOFM-00486-00146487-00146729": "this would provide a lot of benefit but", "zydh7gCnOFM-00487-00146730-00146954": "to these institutions as well as", "zydh7gCnOFM-00488-00146955-00147270": "researchers as it would allow the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00489-00147271-00147586": "institutions to publish their", "zydh7gCnOFM-00490-00147587-00147795": "collections without the requirement of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00491-00147796-00148013": "having a web server and someone to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00492-00148014-00148320": "administer a web server and to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00493-00148321-00148497": "researchers to be able to discover these", "zydh7gCnOFM-00494-00148498-00148826": "collections in one a granade spot and to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00495-00148827-00149019": "do cross collection and cross", "zydh7gCnOFM-00496-00149020-00149208": "institutional searching I think that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00497-00149209-00149509": "could be a very powerful tool for them", "zydh7gCnOFM-00498-00149510-00149948": "since we see this as a community a very", "zydh7gCnOFM-00499-00149949-00150207": "community focused project we absolutely", "zydh7gCnOFM-00500-00150208-00150410": "believe that the development of this", "zydh7gCnOFM-00501-00150411-00150578": "interface needs to be a community driven", "zydh7gCnOFM-00502-00150579-00151008": "effort and ultimately would be it would", "zydh7gCnOFM-00503-00151009-00151296": "be administered by the community and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00504-00151297-00151589": "supported by the community as well so we", "zydh7gCnOFM-00505-00151590-00151881": "plan to reach out to our users over this", "zydh7gCnOFM-00506-00151882-00152268": "year to get their thoughts on what their", "zydh7gCnOFM-00507-00152269-00152438": "requirements might be for this type of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00508-00152439-00152902": "site um and to try to build that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00509-00152903-00153239": "consortium so our goal for the end of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00510-00153240-00153443": "the year is to have a proof-of-concept", "zydh7gCnOFM-00511-00153444-00153759": "pilot site and we're looking for a few", "zydh7gCnOFM-00512-00153760-00153956": "institutions that have pumped or have", "zydh7gCnOFM-00513-00153957-00154235": "processed email collections with epad", "zydh7gCnOFM-00514-00154236-00154428": "that would be interested in", "zydh7gCnOFM-00515-00154429-00154665": "Jeane their metadata to a shared", "zydh7gCnOFM-00516-00154666-00155217": "discovery platform and with that I'll", "zydh7gCnOFM-00517-00155218-00155376": "just say thank you again for attending", "zydh7gCnOFM-00518-00155377-00155643": "and please reach out to us on any of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00519-00155644-00155868": "these channels if you have any questions", "zydh7gCnOFM-00520-00155869-00156375": "or would like to offer any ideas about", "zydh7gCnOFM-00521-00156376-00156639": "some of the work that we're doing this", "zydh7gCnOFM-00522-00156640-00157163": "year so thanks everyone", "zydh7gCnOFM-00523-00157164-00157452": "Thanks thank you so much Sally thank you", "zydh7gCnOFM-00524-00157453-00157713": "Chris", "zydh7gCnOFM-00525-00157714-00157917": "lots of interesting work being done in", "zydh7gCnOFM-00526-00157918-00158241": "email preservation and archives and we", "zydh7gCnOFM-00527-00158242-00158436": "really appreciate you coming to CNI to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00528-00158437-00158766": "share some of the takeaways from your", "zydh7gCnOFM-00529-00158767-00159074": "work with us and with our community and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00530-00159075-00159318": "I want to welcome all of our attendees", "zydh7gCnOFM-00531-00159319-00159522": "thanks for taking time out of your day", "zydh7gCnOFM-00532-00159523-00159885": "to join us you have reached", "zydh7gCnOFM-00533-00159886-00160314": "cien eyes spring virtual meeting and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00534-00160315-00160500": "we're so happy you could be here with us", "zydh7gCnOFM-00535-00160501-00160803": "today at this time I'd like to go ahead", "zydh7gCnOFM-00536-00160804-00160995": "and open up the floor for questions if", "zydh7gCnOFM-00537-00160996-00161274": "you have any questions you'd like Sally", "zydh7gCnOFM-00538-00161275-00161457": "or Chris to address please go ahead and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00539-00161458-00161790": "type them in the Q&A box and I will read", "zydh7gCnOFM-00540-00161791-00162068": "them aloud and we do have a question now", "zydh7gCnOFM-00541-00162069-00162378": "coming in from Courtney who first off", "zydh7gCnOFM-00542-00162379-00162666": "thanks you both and for Sally she asks", "zydh7gCnOFM-00543-00162667-00162885": "is there any text for a call to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00544-00162886-00163143": "interested pilot partners we could share", "zydh7gCnOFM-00545-00163144-00163296": "something out to the Texas digital", "zydh7gCnOFM-00546-00163297-00163674": "library community to seek partners hi", "zydh7gCnOFM-00547-00163675-00163914": "Courtney um thank you that's a that's a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00548-00163915-00164154": "wonderful offer we do not have a text", "zydh7gCnOFM-00549-00164155-00164544": "yet but I will definitely reach out to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00550-00164545-00165000": "you with something like that soon that's", "zydh7gCnOFM-00551-00165001-00165048": "great", "zydh7gCnOFM-00552-00165049-00165390": "yeah and um so thank you for that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00553-00165391-00165660": "question Courtney and thanks Sally and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00554-00165661-00166089": "just as a reminder to our attendees if", "zydh7gCnOFM-00555-00166090-00166293": "this would be a great opportunity to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00556-00166294-00166587": "speak with Sally or Chris if you are", "zydh7gCnOFM-00557-00166588-00166779": "interested in partnership opportunities", "zydh7gCnOFM-00558-00166780-00167004": "if you've got projects like this", "zydh7gCnOFM-00559-00167005-00167303": "underway or you're thinking about", "zydh7gCnOFM-00560-00167304-00167556": "undertaking projects of this kind at", "zydh7gCnOFM-00561-00167557-00167751": "your institution this", "zydh7gCnOFM-00562-00167752-00167934": "is a great opportunity to chat with", "zydh7gCnOFM-00563-00167935-00168108": "folks who have a lot of experience in", "zydh7gCnOFM-00564-00168109-00168483": "that area and I invite you to type your", "zydh7gCnOFM-00565-00168484-00168699": "questions into the Q&A box we also have", "zydh7gCnOFM-00566-00168700-00169077": "the ability to unmute our attendees if", "zydh7gCnOFM-00567-00169078-00169524": "you raise your virtual hand I can turn", "zydh7gCnOFM-00568-00169525-00169728": "on your microphone and you can make a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00569-00169729-00170022": "comment you can ask your question live", "zydh7gCnOFM-00570-00170023-00170271": "if you want to have a conversation with", "zydh7gCnOFM-00571-00170272-00170496": "our presenters this is a great", "zydh7gCnOFM-00572-00170497-00170835": "opportunity to do that and while we're", "zydh7gCnOFM-00573-00170836-00171216": "waiting for questions again I just want", "zydh7gCnOFM-00574-00171217-00171600": "to remind you that this webinar is", "zydh7gCnOFM-00575-00171601-00171894": "brought to you as part of CN eyes spring", "zydh7gCnOFM-00576-00171895-00172326": "2020 virtual membership meeting and we", "zydh7gCnOFM-00577-00172327-00172536": "will be holding this meeting through the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00578-00172537-00172820": "end of May so there's an entire month of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00579-00172821-00173121": "offerings yet to come and I'm just", "zydh7gCnOFM-00580-00173122-00173388": "chatting out to you there the direct", "zydh7gCnOFM-00581-00173389-00173862": "link to the meeting schedule so please", "zydh7gCnOFM-00582-00173863-00174360": "take a look at that schedule and join us", "zydh7gCnOFM-00583-00174361-00174681": "for more webinars we have another one", "zydh7gCnOFM-00584-00174682-00175014": "coming this afternoon after this email", "zydh7gCnOFM-00585-00175015-00175344": "webinar from Lisa Hinchliffe and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00586-00175345-00175806": "Christine wolf Eisenberg on academic", "zydh7gCnOFM-00587-00175807-00176079": "library response to Kovac 19 designing", "zydh7gCnOFM-00588-00176080-00176331": "and managing real time data collection", "zydh7gCnOFM-00589-00176332-00176616": "and dissemination that's part of the", "zydh7gCnOFM-00590-00176617-00176838": "kovat 19 call for proposals that we put", "zydh7gCnOFM-00591-00176839-00176985": "out while our meeting was already", "zydh7gCnOFM-00592-00176986-00177342": "underway and that has generated a lot of", "zydh7gCnOFM-00593-00177343-00177549": "interest already so join us for that", "zydh7gCnOFM-00594-00177550-00178067": "it's at 2:30 Eastern Time this afternoon", "zydh7gCnOFM-00595-00178068-00178473": "Sally Chris before I close the public", "zydh7gCnOFM-00596-00178474-00178821": "portion of this session do you have any", "zydh7gCnOFM-00597-00178822-00179205": "final thoughts on on what you've talked", "zydh7gCnOFM-00598-00179206-00179849": "about today to share with our attendees", "zydh7gCnOFM-00599-00179850-00180174": "thanks Diane I just would reiterate I'd", "zydh7gCnOFM-00600-00180175-00180399": "be very happy to discuss potential", "zydh7gCnOFM-00601-00180400-00180816": "project ideas with people as well as I", "zydh7gCnOFM-00602-00180817-00181107": "indicated we will have and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00603-00181108-00181356": "we have a call for proposals which is", "zydh7gCnOFM-00604-00181357-00181727": "open and which will be blasting out over", "zydh7gCnOFM-00605-00181728-00181947": "various listservs over the next day or", "zydh7gCnOFM-00606-00181948-00182201": "two so when you get that and have a", "zydh7gCnOFM-00607-00182202-00182385": "chance to look things through I'm very", "zydh7gCnOFM-00608-00182386-00182675": "keen to speak informally with out with", "zydh7gCnOFM-00609-00182676-00182927": "people about project ideas for email", "zydh7gCnOFM-00610-00182928-00183270": "archiving certainly cross institutional", "zydh7gCnOFM-00611-00183271-00183653": "partnerships would be great to see we", "zydh7gCnOFM-00612-00183654-00183831": "you know use an extension of existing", "zydh7gCnOFM-00613-00183832-00184332": "tools new workflows really just happy to", "zydh7gCnOFM-00614-00184333-00184470": "hear from people and talk with people", "zydh7gCnOFM-00615-00184471-00184770": "about ideas to help this community move", "zydh7gCnOFM-00616-00184771-00185496": "forward thanks Chris and I'll just say", "zydh7gCnOFM-00617-00185497-00185895": "as you get those announcements together", "zydh7gCnOFM-00618-00185896-00186104": "we will share them out of course with", "zydh7gCnOFM-00619-00186105-00186399": "the CNI community yeah Thank You cliff I", "zydh7gCnOFM-00620-00186400-00186846": "really deeply appreciate that so keep an", "zydh7gCnOFM-00621-00186847-00187154": "eye on the CNI announce listserv another", "zydh7gCnOFM-00622-00187155-00187494": "listservs out there so Sally Chris thank", "zydh7gCnOFM-00623-00187495-00187710": "you so much for coming to CNI and", "zydh7gCnOFM-00624-00187711-00187848": "sharing this with our community", "zydh7gCnOFM-00625-00187849-00188264": "knowledge giving final comments I know I", "zydh7gCnOFM-00626-00188265-00188418": "don't but thank you thank you again for", "zydh7gCnOFM-00627-00188419-00188562": "organizing these sessions they've been", "zydh7gCnOFM-00628-00188563-00189052": "great yeah thank you so much thank you", "zydh7gCnOFM-00629-00189053-00189338": "and I'm seeing lots of folks in the chat", "zydh7gCnOFM-00630-00189339-00189791": "also echoing the thanks and appreciate", "zydh7gCnOFM-00631-00189792-00190103": "the talk was very informative and I", "zydh7gCnOFM-00632-00190104-00190376": "think with that I'm going to again thank", "zydh7gCnOFM-00633-00190377-00190563": "our attendees thank our presenters I", "zydh7gCnOFM-00634-00190564-00192591": "[Music]", "zydh7gCnOFM-00635-00192592-00192799": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "zyw-fwemtOo", "text": {"zyw-fwemtOo-00000-00000573-00001023": "[Music]", "zyw-fwemtOo-00001-00001024-00001311": "in cooperation partnership projects good", "zyw-fwemtOo-00002-00001312-00001591": "collaboration between partners is key", "zyw-fwemtOo-00003-00001592-00001887": "these projects are long-term complex and", "zyw-fwemtOo-00004-00001888-00002110": "multi-layered with a broad range of", "zyw-fwemtOo-00005-00002111-00002463": "tasks to make your project work you as", "zyw-fwemtOo-00006-00002464-00002647": "the whole partnership will need to", "zyw-fwemtOo-00007-00002648-00002883": "identify how each partner will", "zyw-fwemtOo-00008-00002884-00003118": "contribute projects that have a chance", "zyw-fwemtOo-00009-00003119-00003319": "of being financially supported by the", "zyw-fwemtOo-00010-00003320-00003551": "erasmus plus program are the ones that", "zyw-fwemtOo-00011-00003552-00003759": "are designed as a learning partnership", "zyw-fwemtOo-00012-00003760-00003927": "with the aim of strengthening the", "zyw-fwemtOo-00013-00003928-00004167": "capacity of the partner organizations", "zyw-fwemtOo-00014-00004168-00004327": "and their staff", "zyw-fwemtOo-00015-00004328-00004454": "unfortunately", "zyw-fwemtOo-00016-00004455-00004663": "project assessors often see project", "zyw-fwemtOo-00017-00004664-00004895": "proposals where other partners are in", "zyw-fwemtOo-00018-00004896-00005135": "service of a single partner and develop", "zyw-fwemtOo-00019-00005136-00005375": "the idea for that partner instead of", "zyw-fwemtOo-00020-00005376-00005543": "with the partner", "zyw-fwemtOo-00021-00005544-00005783": "these kinds of project proposals do not", "zyw-fwemtOo-00022-00005784-00006070": "meet the quality requirements", "zyw-fwemtOo-00023-00006071-00006295": "when designing your project as a true", "zyw-fwemtOo-00024-00006296-00006534": "partnership based on learning from and", "zyw-fwemtOo-00025-00006536-00006783": "with each other it is not so difficult", "zyw-fwemtOo-00026-00006784-00006983": "to make an equal and balanced division", "zyw-fwemtOo-00027-00006984-00007231": "of tasks and responsibilities", "zyw-fwemtOo-00028-00007231-00007423": "it all depends on whether you and your", "zyw-fwemtOo-00029-00007423-00007631": "partners take your time during the idea", "zyw-fwemtOo-00030-00007631-00007846": "development process to collect the", "zyw-fwemtOo-00031-00007847-00008151": "expertise the possible contributions and", "zyw-fwemtOo-00032-00008152-00008399": "the learning needs of each partner", "zyw-fwemtOo-00033-00008400-00008631": "divide tasks and responsibilities", "zyw-fwemtOo-00034-00008632-00008831": "accordingly", "zyw-fwemtOo-00035-00008832-00009023": "so now you have all tasks and", "zyw-fwemtOo-00036-00009024-00009246": "responsibilities mapped out", "zyw-fwemtOo-00037-00009247-00009406": "what's next", "zyw-fwemtOo-00038-00009407-00009703": "firstly discuss with your partners areas", "zyw-fwemtOo-00039-00009704-00009863": "in which all partners could have an", "zyw-fwemtOo-00040-00009864-00010110": "equal role or responsibility then", "zyw-fwemtOo-00041-00010111-00010335": "identify together areas in which they", "zyw-fwemtOo-00042-00010336-00010599": "would bring in a specific expertise", "zyw-fwemtOo-00043-00010600-00010823": "looking at the project design define", "zyw-fwemtOo-00044-00010824-00011046": "where partners may work in tandems and", "zyw-fwemtOo-00045-00011047-00011255": "how they can assist each other", "zyw-fwemtOo-00046-00011256-00011510": "the three most essential areas to design", "zyw-fwemtOo-00047-00011511-00011774": "tasks and responsibilities for are", "zyw-fwemtOo-00048-00011775-00012070": "content tasks management tasks and", "zyw-fwemtOo-00049-00012071-00012295": "additional tasks", "zyw-fwemtOo-00050-00012296-00012599": "let's zoom into each of those areas", "zyw-fwemtOo-00051-00012600-00012919": "the main focus is on the content where", "zyw-fwemtOo-00052-00012919-00013158": "tasks and responsibilities are related", "zyw-fwemtOo-00053-00013159-00013422": "to the main topic of your project and", "zyw-fwemtOo-00054-00013423-00013583": "focus areas are related to the", "zyw-fwemtOo-00055-00013584-00013791": "priorities of erasmus plus you have", "zyw-fwemtOo-00056-00013791-00014119": "selected content expertise usually means", "zyw-fwemtOo-00057-00014119-00014383": "you have the necessary experience", "zyw-fwemtOo-00058-00014384-00014663": "for example working with a specific", "zyw-fwemtOo-00059-00014663-00014911": "target group you have good practices", "zyw-fwemtOo-00060-00014912-00015119": "related to the topic you have", "zyw-fwemtOo-00061-00015119-00015438": "experimented and innovated your practice", "zyw-fwemtOo-00062-00015440-00015647": "you have written articles or organized", "zyw-fwemtOo-00063-00015647-00015927": "training around the topic and many other", "zyw-fwemtOo-00064-00015928-00016143": "possible experiences", "zyw-fwemtOo-00065-00016144-00016350": "with these experiences partners can", "zyw-fwemtOo-00066-00016351-00016511": "contribute to the development of the", "zyw-fwemtOo-00067-00016512-00016735": "content which could also mean for", "zyw-fwemtOo-00068-00016736-00016943": "example to take the lead in some", "zyw-fwemtOo-00069-00016944-00017183": "specific project or take an advisory", "zyw-fwemtOo-00070-00017184-00017391": "role for other partners", "zyw-fwemtOo-00071-00017392-00017622": "it is important to know that assessors", "zyw-fwemtOo-00072-00017623-00017847": "really check if every partner is being", "zyw-fwemtOo-00073-00017848-00018111": "involved because it shows whether all", "zyw-fwemtOo-00074-00018112-00018358": "partners can actually bring or take the", "zyw-fwemtOo-00075-00018359-00018527": "expertise", "zyw-fwemtOo-00076-00018528-00018758": "in the other area management tasks and", "zyw-fwemtOo-00077-00018759-00018983": "responsibilities are related to the", "zyw-fwemtOo-00078-00018984-00019239": "organization of both virtual and", "zyw-fwemtOo-00079-00019240-00019455": "residential transnational project", "zyw-fwemtOo-00080-00019456-00019767": "meetings communication administration", "zyw-fwemtOo-00081-00019768-00020135": "finances contracts and reporting", "zyw-fwemtOo-00082-00020136-00020358": "although there is a project coordinator", "zyw-fwemtOo-00083-00020359-00020575": "it does not mean that all management has", "zyw-fwemtOo-00084-00020576-00020814": "to be done by one organization", "zyw-fwemtOo-00085-00020815-00020975": "they need to have communication with", "zyw-fwemtOo-00086-00020976-00021094": "their n a", "zyw-fwemtOo-00087-00021095-00021319": "monitor the process and make sure all", "zyw-fwemtOo-00088-00021320-00021471": "administrative and financial", "zyw-fwemtOo-00089-00021472-00021671": "requirements are fulfilled", "zyw-fwemtOo-00090-00021672-00021775": "however", "zyw-fwemtOo-00091-00021776-00021950": "other partners could take a specific", "zyw-fwemtOo-00092-00021951-00022039": "role", "zyw-fwemtOo-00093-00022040-00022214": "like setting up the communication", "zyw-fwemtOo-00094-00022215-00022447": "platform or developing an excel form for", "zyw-fwemtOo-00095-00022448-00022686": "the finances", "zyw-fwemtOo-00096-00022687-00022999": "additional or specific tasks", "zyw-fwemtOo-00097-00023000-00023247": "these tasks are related to additional", "zyw-fwemtOo-00098-00023248-00023494": "competencies that give an added value to", "zyw-fwemtOo-00099-00023495-00023711": "the project and are not common among", "zyw-fwemtOo-00100-00023712-00024063": "partners like app development marketing", "zyw-fwemtOo-00101-00024064-00024342": "game design graphic facilitation or", "zyw-fwemtOo-00102-00024343-00024655": "graphic design research experience or", "zyw-fwemtOo-00103-00024656-00024903": "knowing how to facilitate training", "zyw-fwemtOo-00104-00024904-00025086": "by sharing these competencies in the", "zyw-fwemtOo-00105-00025087-00025342": "project the other partners might learn", "zyw-fwemtOo-00106-00025343-00025583": "additional new things to innovate their", "zyw-fwemtOo-00107-00025584-00025758": "practices", "zyw-fwemtOo-00108-00025760-00025950": "by this time you might have some", "zyw-fwemtOo-00109-00025951-00026127": "questions coming up", "zyw-fwemtOo-00110-00026127-00026302": "apart from mapping out tasks and", "zyw-fwemtOo-00111-00026304-00026455": "responsibilities", "zyw-fwemtOo-00112-00026456-00026662": "you might want to make a clear overview", "zyw-fwemtOo-00113-00026663-00026895": "of the decision decision-making process", "zyw-fwemtOo-00114-00026895-00027055": "who decides when", "zyw-fwemtOo-00115-00027056-00027246": "how to provide feedback and reflect", "zyw-fwemtOo-00116-00027247-00027343": "together", "zyw-fwemtOo-00117-00027344-00027535": "when and how to make changes in the", "zyw-fwemtOo-00118-00027536-00027655": "project", "zyw-fwemtOo-00119-00027656-00027862": "it is important that partners are clear", "zyw-fwemtOo-00120-00027863-00028062": "what kind of engagement and influence", "zyw-fwemtOo-00121-00028063-00028239": "they have during the project", "zyw-fwemtOo-00122-00028239-00028495": "and if there is equal ownership by all", "zyw-fwemtOo-00123-00028495-00028679": "partners", "zyw-fwemtOo-00124-00028680-00028911": "the biggest chance to make your project", "zyw-fwemtOo-00125-00028912-00029199": "work is to design together", "zyw-fwemtOo-00126-00029200-00029335": "work together", "zyw-fwemtOo-00127-00029336-00029689": "and decide together", "zyw-fwemtOo-00128-00029691-00031207": "[Music]", "zyw-fwemtOo-00129-00031208-00031416": "you"}}, {"audio_id": "zywWaTz6m-o", "text": {"zywWaTz6m-o-00000-00000041-00000467": "iso/iec 18000 14 information technology", "zywWaTz6m-o-00001-00000468-00000757": "security techniques time stamping", "zywWaTz6m-o-00002-00000758-00000947": "services as an international standard", "zywWaTz6m-o-00003-00000948-00001172": "that specifies time stamping techniques", "zywWaTz6m-o-00004-00001173-00001558": "it comprises four parts part one", "zywWaTz6m-o-00005-00001559-00001916": "framework part two mechanisms producing", "zywWaTz6m-o-00006-00001917-00002207": "independent tokens part three mechanisms", "zywWaTz6m-o-00007-00002208-00002525": "producing link tokens part four", "zywWaTz6m-o-00008-00002526-00003058": "traceability of time sources", "zywWaTz6m-o-00009-00003059-00003625": "topic part 1 framework", "zywWaTz6m-o-00010-00003626-00003981": "topic in this first part of iso/iec", "zywWaTz6m-o-00011-00003982-00004234": "eighteen thousand fourteen several", "zywWaTz6m-o-00012-00004235-00004510": "things are explained in developed the", "zywWaTz6m-o-00013-00004511-00004702": "identification of the objectives of a", "zywWaTz6m-o-00014-00004703-00004981": "time authority the description of 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"zyNa0RQED3E-00006-00005821-00006991": "[Music]", "zyNa0RQED3E-00007-00006992-00007477": "[Music]", "zyNa0RQED3E-00008-00007478-00008039": "my friends", "zyNa0RQED3E-00009-00008040-00008190": "somebody", "zyNa0RQED3E-00010-00008191-00011674": "[Music]", "zyNa0RQED3E-00011-00011675-00012646": "[Music]", "zyNa0RQED3E-00012-00012647-00012843": "foreign", "zyNa0RQED3E-00013-00012844-00015065": "[Music]", "zyNa0RQED3E-00014-00015066-00015505": "foreign", "zyNa0RQED3E-00015-00015506-00017599": "[Music]"}}, {"audio_id": "zzcAkkfKAgy", "text": {"zzcAkkfKAgy-00000-00000048-00000371": "hello my name is aubriella witter today", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00001-00000372-00000655": "is story time", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00002-00000656-00001015": "again so that's today let's repeat it", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00003-00001016-00001119": "yes", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00004-00001120-00001439": "petey oliver done ray for", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00005-00001440-00002655": "lilly and bobby", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00006-00002656-00003007": "a small yellow gosling who likes to", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00007-00003008-00003270": "who forgets who sometimes forgets the", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00008-00003271-00003511": "things", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00009-00003511-00003815": "deity forgets things even when mama", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00010-00003815-00003990": "goose reminds him", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00011-00003992-00004327": "he forgets to to come in", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00012-00004328-00004719": "out of the rain", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00013-00004720-00004959": "he forgot to eat all his food he forgot", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00014-00004960-00005247": "to tidy his nest", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00015-00005248-00005486": "he forgot to take a nap he forgets to", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00016-00005487-00005647": "turn the egg", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00017-00005648-00005918": "butt he never forgets to wear his lucky", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00018-00005919-00006031": "red baseball cap", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00019-00006032-00006318": "he wears it everywhere he goes he wears", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00020-00006319-00006478": "it when he dies he wears it when he", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00021-00006479-00007063": "slides", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00022-00007064-00007255": "he wears it when he explores he wears it", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00023-00007256-00007495": "when he snores", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00024-00007495-00007727": "petey never forgets to wear his lucky", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00025-00007728-00007870": "red baseball cap he", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00026-00007872-00008207": "everywhere he goes", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00027-00008208-00008542": "then one day peony put his", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00028-00008543-00008959": "lucky red baseball pat in a secret place", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00029-00008960-00009391": "but he forgot where he put it", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00030-00009392-00009606": "he looked in the pond he looked in the", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00031-00009607-00009742": "apples", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00032-00009743-00009974": "he looked under the flower pot and", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00033-00009975-00010342": "looked in the grass", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00034-00010343-00010655": "but petey could not remember", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00035-00010656-00010935": "where he put it did you forget to turn", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00036-00010936-00011283": "the egg mama goose ask", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00037-00011284-00011583": "ask slowly stretched", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00038-00011584-00011974": "to the nest his lucky big small cap was", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00039-00011975-00012278": "his lucky red baseball cap was gone", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00040-00012279-00012631": "then he saw it there you are", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00041-00012632-00013046": "he said petey is a gosling", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00042-00013047-00013399": "a small yellow gosling who forgets", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00043-00013400-00013735": "things sometimes the end", "zzcAkkfKAgy-00044-00013736-00014319": "that's it for today's video guys bye"}}, {"audio_id": "z-jBMnfN8-Y", "text": {"z-jBMnfN8-Y-00000-00000113-00000355": "the national flag of the Philippines", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00001-00000356-00000611": "Filipino pam dancing with tawa king", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00002-00000612-00000885": "Filipinos is a horizontal flag bicolor", 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"ability to indicate a state of war if it", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00016-00003897-00004079": "is displayed with the red side on top", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00017-00004081-00004254": "which is effectively achieved by", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00018-00004255-00004559": "flipping the flag upside down", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00019-00004560-00004986": "design", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00020-00004987-00005472": "construction the flags length is twice", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00021-00005473-00005697": "its width giving it an aspect ratio of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00022-00005698-00005929": "one to two the length of all the sides", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00023-00005930-00006138": "of the white triangle are equal to the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00024-00006139-00006427": "width of the flag each star is oriented", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00025-00006428-00006606": "in such manner that one of its tips", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00026-00006608-00006813": "points towards the vertex at which it is", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00027-00006814-00006885": "located", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00028-00006886-00007141": "moreover the gap angle between two", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00029-00007142-00007323": "neighbors of the a tray bundles is as", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00030-00007325-00007563": "large as the angle of one ray bundle so", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00031-00007564-00007855": "22.5 degrees with each major ray having", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00032-00007856-00008005": "double the thickness of its two minor", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00033-00008006-00008323": "rays the Golden Sun is not exactly in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00034-00008324-00008506": "the center of the triangle but shifted", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00035-00008507-00008779": "slightly to the right this flag is waved", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00036-00008780-00009071": "when having ceremonies", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00037-00009072-00009605": "color the shade of blue used in the flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00038-00009606-00009809": "has varied over time beginning with the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00039-00009810-00010133": "original color lazuli Roscoe the exact", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00040-00010134-00010343": "nature of this shade is uncertain but a", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00041-00010344-00010523": "likely candidate is the blue of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00042-00010524-00010694": "Cuban flag which a theory says", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00043-00010695-00010978": "influenced the flag s design", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00044-00010979-00011279": "specifications for the flag s colors", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00045-00011280-00011459": "with shades matching those used in the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00046-00011460-00011633": "American flag were adopted by the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00047-00011634-00011971": "National Historical Institute in 1955", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00048-00011972-00012239": "President Ferdinand Marcos ordered the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00049-00012240-00012425": "colors restored to the original light", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00050-00012426-00012701": "blue and red of the Cuban flag in 1985", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00051-00012702-00012902": "but this was immediately rescinded after", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00052-00012903-00013172": "the 1986 People Power Revolution that", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00053-00013172-00013484": "removed him from power for the 1998", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00054-00013485-00013715": "independence centennial celebrations the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00055-00013716-00013865": "flag and heraldic code of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00056-00013866-00013937": "Philippines", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00057-00013938-00014315": "raw 8400 91 was passed designating royal", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00058-00014316-00014525": "blue is the official variant the flags", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00059-00014526-00014772": "colors are specified by Republic Act", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00060-00014774-00015071": "8400 91 in terms of their cable number", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00061-00015072-00015236": "in the system developed by the color", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00062-00015237-00015521": "Association of the United States the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00063-00015522-00015707": "official colors and their approximations", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00064-00015708-00016146": "in other color spaces are listed below", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00065-00016147-00016651": "symbolism the Philippine national flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00066-00016652-00016885": "has a rectangular design that consists", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00067-00016886-00017050": "of a white equilateral triangle", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00068-00017051-00017266": "symbolizing liberty equality and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00069-00017267-00017527": "fraternity a horizontal blue stripe for", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00070-00017528-00017779": "peace truth and justice and a horizontal", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00071-00017780-00018070": "red stripe for patriotism and valor in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00072-00018071-00018256": "the center of the white triangle is an", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00073-00018257-00018454": "eighth-grade Golden Sun symbolizing", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00074-00018455-00018793": "unity freedom people s democracy and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00075-00018794-00019060": "sovereignty each ray represents a", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00076-00019061-00019294": "province with significant involvement in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00077-00019295-00019600": "the 1896 Philippine revolution against", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00078-00019601-00019894": "Spain these provinces are Manila Bulacan", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00079-00019895-00020248": "Cavite Pampanga Vuitton Laguna Batangas", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00080-00020249-00020569": "and nueva ecija some sources specify", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00081-00020570-00020812": "other provinces as alternatives to some", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00082-00020813-00021094": "of these however according to the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00083-00021095-00021298": "Declaration of Independence and a", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00084-00021299-00021559": "research by up professor Ambika Campo", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00085-00021560-00021799": "the Rays of the Sun symbolized the first", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00086-00021800-00022021": "eight provinces of the Philippines which", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00087-00022022-00022195": "was declared under martial law", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00088-00022196-00022419": "during the first Philippine Revolution", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00089-00022420-00022762": "three five-pointed stars one for each of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00090-00022763-00023050": "the triangle s points stand for the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00091-00023051-00023233": "three major island groups where the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00092-00023234-00023458": "revolution started Luzon Visayas and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00093-00023459-00023682": "Mindanao", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00094-00023683-00023913": "the flags original symbolism is", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00095-00023914-00024063": "enumerated in the text of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00096-00024064-00024252": "independence Proclamation which makes", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00097-00024253-00024438": "reference to an attached drawing though", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00098-00024439-00024636": "no record of the drawing has surfaced", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00099-00024637-00024903": "the proclamation explains the flag as", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00100-00024904-00025350": "follows the symbolism given in the 1898", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00101-00025351-00025521": "proclamation of Philippine Independence", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00102-00025522-00025689": "differs from the current official", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00103-00025689-00025983": "explanation according to the document", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00104-00025983-00026202": "the white triangle signifies the emblem", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00105-00026202-00026439": "of the Katipunan the secret society that", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00106-00026439-00026795": "opposed Spanish rule it says the flag s", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00107-00026797-00026994": "colors commemorate the flag of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00108-00026995-00027239": "United States as a manifestation of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00109-00027241-00027468": "gratitude for American aid against the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00110-00027469-00027689": "Spanish during the Philippine Revolution", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00111-00027691-00028002": "it also says that one of the three stars", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00112-00028002-00028245": "represents the island of Panay rather", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00113-00028245-00028469": "than the entire Visayan island", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00114-00028470-00028812": "panay which recent interpretations call", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00115-00028813-00028986": "it as representative of the entire", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00116-00028987-00029352": "Visayas region the proclamation also", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00117-00029352-00029558": "declares that the sun represents the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00118-00029560-00029799": "gigantic steps made by the sons of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00119-00029800-00030024": "country along the path of progress in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00120-00030025-00030290": "civilization and lists Bataan instead of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00121-00030291-00030450": "Tarlac among the eight provinces", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00122-00030451-00031105": "symbolized by the Sun s rays", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00123-00031106-00031527": "history", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00124-00031529-00031781": "historical flags of the Philippine", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00125-00031782-00032273": "Revolution it has been common since the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00126-00032274-00032513": "1960s to trace the development of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00127-00032514-00032699": "Philippine flag to the various war", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00128-00032700-00032891": "standards of the individual leaders of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00129-00032892-00033086": "the Katipunan a pseudo masonic", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00130-00033087-00033266": "revolutionary movement that opposed", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00131-00033267-00033479": "spanish rule in the philippines and led", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00132-00033480-00033749": "the philippine revolution however while", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00133-00033750-00033926": "some symbols common to the Katipunan", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00134-00033927-00034100": "flags would be adopted into the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00135-00034101-00034298": "iconography of the revolution it is", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00136-00034299-00034499": "inconclusive whether these war standards", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00137-00034500-00034679": "can be considered precursors to the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00138-00034680-00034928": "present Philippine flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00139-00034929-00035216": "the first flag of the Katipunan was a", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00140-00035217-00035411": "red rectangular flag with a horizontal", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00141-00035412-00035660": "alignment of three white case an acronym", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00142-00035661-00035957": "for the Katipunan s full name curtis", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00143-00035958-00036083": "tossing Kigali", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00144-00036084-00036431": "galantine katipunan ng MGA ana came by", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00145-00036432-00036686": "and supreme and venerable society of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00146-00036687-00037079": "sons of the nation the flag s red field", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00147-00037080-00037283": "symbolized blood as members of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00148-00037284-00037499": "Katipunan signed their membership papers", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00149-00037500-00037685": "in their own blood the various leaders", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00150-00037686-00037874": "of the Katipunan such as andres", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00151-00037875-00038069": "bonifacio mariano llanera", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00152-00038070-00038321": "and piyo del pilar also had individual", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00153-00038322-00038585": "war standards the organization was", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00154-00038586-00038798": "represented in Cavite province by two", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00155-00038799-00039020": "factions the mag doing faction and the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00156-00039021-00039209": "Magdalo faction with each adopting a", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00157-00039210-00039533": "flag both used a white Sun instead of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00158-00039534-00039728": "the letter K the flags bore the symbol", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00159-00039729-00039917": "for the syllable call in baviaan the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00160-00039918-00040106": "pre-hispanic writing script of the two", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00161-00040107-00040324": "garlic's", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00162-00040325-00040684": "the Katipunan adopted a new flag in 1897", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00163-00040685-00041044": "during an assembly at naic cavite this", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00164-00041045-00041254": "new flag was read and depicted a white", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00165-00041255-00041533": "son with a face the son had a trace", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00166-00041534-00041722": "representing eight provinces of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00167-00041723-00041948": "Philippines", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00168-00041949-00042487": "current flag the earlier design of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00169-00042488-00042632": "current Philippine flag was", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00170-00042633-00042805": "conceptualized by Emilio Aguinaldo", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00171-00042806-00043082": "during his exile in British Hong Kong in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00172-00043083-00043412": "1897 the first flag was sown by", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00173-00043413-00043615": "marchello Mourinho agon cholo with the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00174-00043616-00043771": "health of her daughter Lorenza and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00175-00043772-00043999": "Delfina her Vasa Natividad and niece of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00176-00044000-00044305": "propagandist Jose Rizal it was first", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00177-00044306-00044504": "displayed in the Battle of Allah pan on", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00178-00044505-00044837": "May 28 1898", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00179-00044838-00045083": "the flag was formally unfurled during", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00180-00045084-00045287": "the proclamation of independence On June", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00181-00045288-00045683": "12 1898 in Kuwait cavite however a", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00182-00045684-00045905": "manila Times article by Augusto de", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00183-00045906-00045951": "Vienna", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00184-00045952-00046158": "chief history researcher National", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00185-00046159-00046401": "Historical Institute mentions assertions", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00186-00046402-00046586": "in history textbooks and commemorative", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00187-00046587-00046790": "rights that the flag was first raised in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00188-00046791-00047154": "ala Pan imus cavite on May 28 1898", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00189-00047155-00047405": "citing presidential proclamation number", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00190-00047406-00047702": "374 issued by then President Diosdado", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00191-00047703-00048140": "Macapagal on March 6 1965 the article", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00192-00048141-00048348": "goes on to claim that historical records", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00193-00048349-00048530": "indicate that the first display of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00194-00048531-00048737": "Philippine flag took place in Cavite", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00195-00048738-00048983": "City when General Aguinaldo displayed it", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00196-00048984-00049142": "during the first fight of the Philippine", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00197-00049143-00049608": "Revolution the original design of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00198-00049609-00049836": "flag adopted a mythical son with a face", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00199-00049837-00050061": "influenced by Latin American Republic's", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00200-00050062-00050345": "Argentina Peru and Uruguay a triangle", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00201-00050346-00050532": "representing the Katipunan which", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00202-00050533-00050733": "inspired by the Eye of Providence in the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00203-00050734-00050933": "Great Seal of the United States and the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00204-00050934-00051120": "masonic triangle and which enshrined", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00205-00051121-00051387": "liberté égalité a fraternity the stripes", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00206-00051388-00051569": "and colors derived from the American", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00207-00051570-00051842": "flag the particular shade of blue of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00208-00051844-00052029": "original flag has been a source of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00209-00052029-00052311": "controversy based on anecdotal evidence", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00210-00052312-00052541": "and the few surviving flags from the era", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00211-00052542-00052766": "historians argue that the colors of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00212-00052767-00052947": "original flag was influenced by the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00213-00052948-00053190": "flags of Cuba and Puerto Rico during the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00214-00053191-00053351": "session of the Malolos congress", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00215-00053352-00053582": "Aguinaldo presented the symbolism of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00216-00053583-00053796": "official flag to the members delegates", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00217-00053797-00053985": "and representatives of the assembly as", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00218-00053986-00054372": "follows the flag bears three colors", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00219-00054373-00054593": "three stars and a son the meaning of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00220-00054594-00054743": "which are as follows the red it's", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00221-00054744-00054963": "symbolic of Filipino courage which is", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00222-00054964-00055149": "second to none and was the color used", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00223-00055150-00055325": "during the war in the province of Cavite", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00224-00055326-00055679": "since the 31st of August 1896 until the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00225-00055680-00055991": "piece of biack Novato in 1897 the blue", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00226-00055992-00056190": "carries an allegorical meaning that all", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00227-00056191-00056354": "filipinos will prefer to die before", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00228-00056355-00056543": "submitting ourselves to the invader", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00229-00056544-00056763": "whoever he may be the white conveys the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00230-00056764-00056946": "idea that like other nations the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00231-00056947-00057113": "Filipinos know how to govern themselves", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00232-00057114-00057291": "and that they do not receive from", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00233-00057291-00057573": "observation of foreign powers the Sun", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00234-00057574-00057798": "and it's Ray stirred up Filipinos and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00235-00057799-00057926": "spread the light over their world", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00236-00057927-00058125": "piercing the clouds that enshrouded it", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00237-00058126-00058226": "it is now the light", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00238-00058227-00058379": "which brightens every spot in the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00239-00058379-00058538": "Philippine Islands and under its", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00240-00058539-00058784": "influence the EDA's egrets maengui ant", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00241-00058785-00058985": "and Mauro's all of whom I believe were", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00242-00058986-00059165": "made in the image of God and whom I", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00243-00059166-00059354": "recognized as our brethren now come down", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00244-00059354-00059741": "from the mountains to join with us the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00245-00059741-00059954": "original flag that was first hoisted on", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00246-00059954-00060241": "May 28th 1898 and unfurled during the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00247-00060242-00060464": "Declaration of Independence on June 12", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00248-00060465-00060707": "1898 is being preserved at the jenn", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00249-00060708-00060952": "emilio aguinaldo museum in baguio city", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00250-00060953-00061223": "there were plans to restore the flag by", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00251-00061224-00061412": "replacing the worn-out portion but the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00252-00061413-00061601": "idea was abandoned because matching", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00253-00061602-00061865": "threads could not be found the flag is", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00254-00061866-00062033": "more elaborate than the flag which is", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00255-00062034-00062252": "currently in use it bears the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00256-00062253-00062537": "embroidered words Libertad justicia and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00257-00062538-00062747": "ague a lead on liberty justice and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00258-00062748-00062969": "equality on one side of the flag and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00259-00062970-00063233": "flares his expedition areas del norte de", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00260-00063234-00063473": "Luzon expeditionary forces of northern", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00261-00063474-00063691": "Luzon on the other hostilities broke out", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00262-00063692-00063833": "between the Philippines and the United", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00263-00063834-00064235": "States in 1899 the flag was first flown", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00264-00064236-00064441": "with the red field up on February 4th", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00265-00064442-00064747": "1899 to show that a state of war existed", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00266-00064748-00064982": "Aguinaldo was captured by the Americans", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00267-00064983-00065234": "two years later and swore allegiance to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00268-00065235-00065503": "the United States", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00269-00065504-00065683": "with the defeat of the Philippine", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00270-00065684-00065866": "Republic the Philippines was placed", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00271-00065867-00066070": "under American colonial rule and the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00272-00066071-00066241": "display of the Philippine flag was", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00273-00066242-00066442": "declared illegal by the Sedition Act of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00274-00066443-00066697": "nineteen oh seven this law was repealed", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00275-00066698-00067021": "on October 24th 1919 with the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00276-00067022-00067180": "legalization of display of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00277-00067181-00067393": "Philippine flag the cloth available in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00278-00067394-00067591": "most stores was the red and blue of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00279-00067592-00067792": "flag of the United States so the flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00280-00067793-00068131": "from 1919 onwards adopted that national", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00281-00068132-00068581": "flag blue color on March 26 1920 the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00282-00068582-00068863": "Philippine legislature passed act number", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00283-00068864-00069049": "two thousand nine hundred twenty eight", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00284-00069050-00069403": "on March 26 1920 which legally adopted", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00285-00069404-00069601": "the Philippine flag as the official flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00286-00069602-00069865": "of the Philippine Islands up until the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00287-00069866-00070078": "eve of World War two Flag Day was", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00288-00070079-00070315": "celebrated on annually on October 30th", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00289-00070316-00070492": "commemorating the date the ban on the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00290-00070493-00070739": "flag was lifted", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00291-00070740-00070957": "the Commonwealth of the Philippines was", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00292-00070958-00071399": "inaugurated in 1935 on March 25th 1936", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00293-00071400-00071630": "president manuel el caisson issued", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00294-00071631-00071882": "executive order number 23 which provided", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00295-00071883-00072047": "for the technical description and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00296-00072048-00072317": "specifications of the flag among the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00297-00072318-00072470": "provisions of the order was the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00298-00072471-00072656": "definition of the triangle at the hoist", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00299-00072657-00072836": "as an equilateral triangle the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00300-00072837-00073088": "definition of the aspect ratio at 1 to 2", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00301-00073089-00073301": "the precise angles of the stars the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00302-00073302-00073493": "geometric and aesthetic design of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00303-00073494-00073685": "Sun and the formal elimination of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00304-00073686-00073943": "mythical face on the Sun the exact", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00305-00073944-00074129": "shades of colors however were not", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00306-00074130-00074438": "precisely defined these specifications", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00307-00074439-00074636": "have remained unchanged and in effect to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00308-00074637-00074939": "the present in 1941 Flag Day was", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00309-00074940-00075104": "officially moved to June 12th", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00310-00075105-00075278": "commemorating the date that Philippine", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00311-00075279-00075554": "Independence was proclaimed in 1898 the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00312-00075555-00075794": "flag was once again banned with the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00313-00075795-00076016": "Japanese invasion and occupation of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00314-00076017-00076271": "Philippines beginning in December 1941", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00315-00076272-00076436": "to be hoisted again with the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00316-00076437-00076634": "establishment of the Second Republic of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00317-00076635-00076844": "the Philippines a client state of Japan", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00318-00076845-00077198": "in ceremonies held in October 1943", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00319-00077199-00077474": "Emilio Aguinaldo hoisted the flag with", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00320-00077475-00077648": "the original Cuban blue and red colors", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00321-00077649-00077963": "restored the flag was initially flown", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00322-00077964-00078173": "with a blue stripe up until president", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00323-00078174-00078392": "josé P Laurel proclaimed the existence", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00324-00078393-00078548": "of a state of war with the Allied powers", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00325-00078549-00078929": "in 1944 the Commonwealth government in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00326-00078930-00079184": "exile in Washington DC continued to use", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00327-00079185-00079385": "the flag with the American colors and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00328-00079386-00079580": "had flown it with a red stripe up since", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00329-00079581-00079756": "the initial invasion of the Japanese", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00330-00079757-00080060": "with the combined forces of the Filipino", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00331-00080061-00080273": "and American soldiers and the liberation", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00332-00080274-00080632": "of the Philippines in 1944 to 1945 the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00333-00080633-00080798": "flag with the American colors was", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00334-00080799-00080993": "restored and it was this flag that was", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00335-00080994-00081182": "hoisted upon the granting of Philippine", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00336-00081183-00081380": "Independence from the United States on", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00337-00081381-00081581": "July 4th 1946", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00338-00081582-00081857": "chronology proposals proposals for", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00339-00081858-00082073": "changes to the Philippine flag 9th ray", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00340-00082074-00082289": "for the flag son as representative of a", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00341-00082290-00082511": "9th province prior to the 1998", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00342-00082512-00082757": "independence centennial celebrations the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00343-00082758-00082916": "provincial government of zam bales", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00344-00082917-00083057": "lobbied that the sunburst design", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00345-00083058-00083294": "accommodate a ninth ray reasoning that", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00346-00083295-00083459": "their province was also in a state of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00347-00083460-00083794": "rebellion in 1896 the Centennial", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00348-00083795-00083987": "Commission however refuted this change", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00349-00083988-00084122": "based on research by the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00350-00084123-00084413": "National Historical Institute in August", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00351-00084414-00084719": "2003 then foreign affairs secretary Blas", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00352-00084720-00084971": "Opel also lobbied for a ninth ray saying", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00353-00084972-00085148": "that Khe Sanh province should be added", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00354-00085149-00085400": "he reasons that the first uprising", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00355-00085401-00085562": "against the Spaniards happened at the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00356-00085563-00085673": "foot of Mount Banahaw", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00357-00085674-00085939": "which was led by hermano Kuehl in 1841", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00358-00085940-00086240": "as representative of an ethnic group as", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00359-00086241-00086492": "of June 2018 there is a proposal to add", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00360-00086493-00086696": "a ninth ray to the Philippine flag Sun", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00361-00086697-00086918": "to represent the Moro people or Filipino", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00362-00086919-00087128": "Muslims as well as other indigenous", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00363-00087129-00087293": "groups as well for their role against", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00364-00087294-00087566": "colonization senator richard gordon", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00365-00087567-00087914": "filed Senate bill number 2590 which", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00366-00087915-00088133": "aimed to amend flag and heraldic code of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00367-00088134-00088448": "the Philippines in 2008 this measure was", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00368-00088449-00088750": "later substituted by Senate bill number", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00369-00088751-00088958": "3307 which was sponsored by Senator", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00370-00088959-00089228": "Francis Escudero which was approved in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00371-00089229-00089558": "September 2009 the bill was sent to the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00372-00089559-00089759": "House of Representatives for concurrence", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00373-00089760-00090194": "which came up with House bill 6424 both", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00374-00090195-00090818": "SB number 3307 and HB 6424 was", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00375-00090819-00091031": "reconciled by the bicameral conference", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00376-00091032-00091430": "committee in September 2009 in June 2018", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00377-00091431-00091637": "Gordan renewed his campaign to get his", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00378-00091638-00091937": "proposal passed into law as of 2014 the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00379-00091938-00092075": "ninth ray movement is among the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00380-00092076-00092231": "prominent groups pushing for the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00381-00092232-00092473": "addition of a ninth ray to the flag son", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00382-00092474-00092690": "proponents of the movement believe that", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00383-00092691-00092822": "a ninth race should be added to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00384-00092823-00093014": "represent the Muslim and indigenous", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00385-00093015-00093164": "people of the country who kept", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00386-00093165-00093443": "colonizers away from their land fourth", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00387-00093444-00093704": "star emmanuel el Osorio one of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00388-00093705-00093890": "founders of the ninth ray movement came", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00389-00093891-00094076": "up with a proposal adding not only a", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00390-00094077-00094358": "ninth ray to the flag as son but also", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00391-00094359-00094559": "adding a fourth star to the flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00392-00094560-00094802": "representing north borneo present-day", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00393-00094803-00095021": "Sabah the territory claimed by the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00394-00095022-00095213": "Philippines but currently under", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00395-00095214-00095546": "Malaysian sovereignty the flag s", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00396-00095547-00095798": "triangle is changed into a rectangle to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00397-00095799-00096056": "accommodate a fourth star according to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00398-00096057-00096311": "Osorio the star representing Sabah and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00399-00096312-00096611": "his proposed flag was added in principle", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00400-00096612-00096860": "and said the flag proposal seeks to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00401-00096861-00097031": "express the ninth ray movements view", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00402-00097032-00097298": "that if we get sava then it could be", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00403-00097299-00097757": "represented by the star", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00404-00097758-00098235": "Crescent Moon there have been numerous", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00405-00098236-00098433": "proposals as to how the crescent moon", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00406-00098434-00098622": "should be incorporated into the flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00407-00098623-00098859": "including one such proposal from former", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00408-00098860-00099282": "President Fidel V Ramos", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00409-00099283-00099676": "usage", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00410-00099677-00100208": "display the flag should be displayed in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00411-00100209-00100382": "all government buildings official", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00412-00100383-00100607": "residences public plazas and schools", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00413-00100608-00100862": "every day throughout the year all other", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00414-00100863-00101057": "places as may be designated by the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00415-00101058-00101257": "National Historical Commission as such", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00416-00101258-00101576": "the days of the 28th of May National", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00417-00101577-00101741": "Flag Day and the 12th of June", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00418-00101742-00101978": "Independence Day are designated as Flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00419-00101979-00102221": "days during which all office's agencies", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00420-00102222-00102406": "and instrumentalities of government", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00421-00102407-00102650": "business establishments institutions of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00422-00102651-00102827": "learning and private homes are enjoined", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00423-00102828-00103076": "to display the flag but in recent years", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00424-00103077-00103336": "the flag days are now from May 28th to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00425-00103338-00103517": "June 30th yearly to promote patriotism", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00426-00103518-00103681": "and to celebrate the nation's", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00427-00103682-00103933": "independence", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00428-00103933-00104194": "by law the Philippine flag must be", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00429-00104195-00104401": "permanently hoisted and illuminated at", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00430-00104402-00104699": "night at the following locations", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00431-00104700-00104948": "the display of the Philippine flag in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00432-00104949-00105202": "cockpit arenas casinos disco venues", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00433-00105203-00105435": "night and day clubs gambling joints in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00434-00105436-00105695": "places of eyesore where frivolity", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00435-00105696-00106123": "prevails is illegal", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00436-00106124-00106536": "half-mast the flag may be flown at", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00437-00106538-00106822": "half-mast as a sign of mourning upon the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00438-00106823-00106986": "official announcement of the death of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00439-00106988-00107191": "the President or a former president the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00440-00107192-00107407": "flag should be flown at half-mast for 10", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00441-00107408-00107641": "days the flag should be flown at", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00442-00107642-00107854": "half-mast for seven days following the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00443-00107855-00108036": "death of the vice president the Chief", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00444-00108038-00108247": "Justice the president of the Senate or", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00445-00108248-00108358": "the Speaker of the House of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00446-00108358-00108569": "Representatives", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00447-00108570-00108875": "the flag may also be required to fly at", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00448-00108876-00109033": "half-mast upon the death of other", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00449-00109034-00109241": "persons to be determined by the National", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00450-00109242-00109451": "Historical Institute for a period less", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00451-00109452-00109739": "than seven days the flag shall be flown", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00452-00109740-00109936": "at half-mast on all the buildings and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00453-00109938-00110123": "places where the decedent was holding", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00454-00110124-00110324": "office on the day of death until the day", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00455-00110325-00110513": "of interment of an incumbent member of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00456-00110514-00110726": "the Supreme Court the cabinet the Senate", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00457-00110727-00110930": "or the House of Representatives and such", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00458-00110931-00111119": "other persons as may be determined by", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00459-00111120-00111404": "the National Historical Commission", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00460-00111405-00111693": "when flown at half-mast the flag should", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00461-00111694-00111860": "be first hoisted to the peak for a", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00462-00111861-00112026": "moment then lowered to the half-mast", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00463-00112027-00112278": "position it should be raised to the peak", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00464-00112279-00112601": "again before it is lowered for the day", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00465-00112602-00112932": "a bill was filed on 2014 to mandate the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00466-00112933-00113123": "flying of the flag at half-mast as a", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00467-00113124-00113408": "tribute to public school teachers under", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00468-00113409-00113615": "the proposal the flag shall be flown at", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00469-00113616-00113816": "half-mast for at least five days at the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00470-00113817-00114002": "school or district office the deceased", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00471-00114003-00114266": "teacher was assigned", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00472-00114267-00114736": "in wakes and burials the flag may also", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00473-00114738-00114944": "be used to cover the caskets of the dead", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00474-00114945-00115142": "of the military and civil uniformed", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00475-00115143-00115340": "services veterans of previous Wars", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00476-00115341-00115532": "national artists and outstanding", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00477-00115533-00115724": "civilians is determined by the local", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00478-00115725-00116033": "government in such cases the flag must", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00479-00116033-00116228": "be placed such that the white triangle", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00480-00116229-00116369": "is at the head and the blue portion", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00481-00116370-00116642": "covers the right side of the casket the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00482-00116643-00116831": "flag should not be lowered to the grave", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00483-00116832-00117005": "or allowed to touch the ground but", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00484-00117006-00117194": "should be solemnly folded and handed to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00485-00117195-00117552": "the heirs of the deceased", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00486-00117553-00118017": "as a war ensign the Philippines does not", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00487-00118018-00118269": "utilize a separate war flag instead the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00488-00118270-00118467": "national flag itself is used for this", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00489-00118468-00118764": "purpose to indicate a state of war the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00490-00118765-00118974": "red field is flown upwards and is placed", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00491-00118975-00119265": "on the right I eat the observer s left", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00492-00119266-00119532": "when hung vertically in times of peace", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00493-00119533-00119786": "however the blue area is the superior", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00494-00119788-00120134": "field the orientation of the flag was", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00495-00120135-00120339": "used during the philippine-american war", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00496-00120340-00120777": "from 1899 to 1901 world war ii by the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00497-00120778-00121100": "Philippine Commonwealth from 1941 to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00498-00121101-00121392": "1945 and by the Japanese sponsored", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00499-00121393-00121629": "Philippine Republic when a declared war", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00500-00121630-00121808": "against the United Kingdom and the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00501-00121809-00122154": "United States in 1944 the coup attempts", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00502-00122155-00122505": "during President Corazon Aquino s", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00503-00122506-00122781": "administration and EDSA three the only", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00504-00122782-00123008": "instance that the flag was not oriented", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00505-00123009-00123209": "with red is superior in a state of war", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00506-00123210-00123402": "was at its debut during the Battle of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00507-00123403-00123696": "olive Han in 1898 fifteen days before", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00508-00123697-00123833": "the Philippine Declaration of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00509-00123834-00124224": "Independence in Kuwait kabini", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00510-00124225-00124800": "in intellectual property the Philippine", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00511-00124801-00124995": "flag itself is not eligible to be", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00512-00124996-00125127": "trademarked according to the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00513-00125128-00125313": "intellectual property office of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00514-00125314-00125631": "Philippines IPO ph IL since the flag is", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00515-00125632-00125936": "owned by the public in line with", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00516-00125938-00126161": "prohibitions on the flags usage stated", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00517-00126163-00126560": "in republic act 8000 491 the Paris", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00518-00126561-00126714": "Convention for the protection of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00519-00126715-00126878": "industrial property which the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00520-00126879-00127044": "Philippines is a member of also", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00521-00127045-00127235": "prohibits the registration of the state", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00522-00127236-00127429": "flags of its members as trademark", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00523-00127430-00127668": "however both small and large businesses", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00524-00127669-00127916": "in the Philippines have used elements of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00525-00127917-00128046": "the Philippine flag for their", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00526-00128047-00128315": "intellectual property when it comes to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00527-00128316-00128601": "this concern the IPO thi al has allowed", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00528-00128602-00128796": "businesses to use elements of the flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00529-00128797-00129006": "to invoke the national symbol as long as", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00530-00129007-00129185": "the intellectual property is neither a", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00531-00129186-00129525": "true representation of the Philippine", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00532-00129526-00129831": "flag nora modification that would amount", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00533-00129832-00130263": "to defacement of the flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00534-00130264-00130807": "prohibited acts according to Republic", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00535-00130808-00131125": "Act 8,000 491 itself it shall be", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00536-00131126-00131515": "prohibited that to mutilate deface", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00537-00131516-00131791": "defile trample on or cast contempt or", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00538-00131792-00131983": "commit any act or omission casting", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00539-00131984-00132194": "dishonor or ridicule upon the flag or", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00540-00132195-00132604": "over its surface be to dip the flag to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00541-00132605-00132766": "any person or object by way of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00542-00132767-00133020": "compliment or salute", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00543-00133021-00133591": "see to use the flag 1 as a drapery", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00544-00133592-00134047": "festoon tablecloth 2 is covering for", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00545-00134048-00134463": "ceilings walls statues or other objects", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00546-00134464-00134863": "3 as a pennant in the hood side back in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00547-00134864-00135373": "top of Motor Vehicles 4 as a staff or", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00548-00135374-00135799": "whip fine for unveiling monuments or", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00549-00135800-00136258": "statues and 6 as trademarks or for", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00550-00136259-00136477": "industrial commercial or agricultural", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00551-00136478-00136756": "labels or designs", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00552-00136757-00137257": "d to display the flag one under any", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00553-00137258-00137710": "painting or picture to horizontally face", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00554-00137711-00137968": "off it shall always be hoisted aloft and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00555-00137969-00138376": "be allowed to fall freely 3 below any", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00556-00138377-00138922": "platform or 4 in discotheques cockpits", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00557-00138923-00139123": "night and day clubs casinos gambling", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00558-00139124-00139339": "joints and places of ice or where", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00559-00139340-00139861": "frivolity prevails II to wear the flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00560-00139862-00140077": "in whole or in part as a costume or", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00561-00140078-00140536": "uniform aft to add any word figure mark", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00562-00140537-00140845": "picture design drawings advertisement or", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00563-00140846-00141280": "imprint of any nature on the flag G to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00564-00141281-00141511": "print paint or attach representation of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00565-00141512-00141691": "the flag on handkerchiefs napkins", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00566-00141692-00141871": "cushions and other articles of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00567-00141872-00142303": "merchandise H to display in public any", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00568-00142304-00142516": "foreign flag except in embassies and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00569-00142517-00142717": "other diplomatic establishments and in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00570-00142718-00143062": "offices of international organizations", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00571-00143063-00143347": "I to use display or be part of any", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00572-00143348-00143806": "advertisement or infomercial and J to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00573-00143807-00143998": "display the flag in front of buildings", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00574-00143999-00144244": "or offices occupied by aliens the Act", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00575-00144245-00144445": "mandates that violators shall upon", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00576-00144446-00144631": "conviction be punished by fine or", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00577-00144632-00144858": "imprisonment", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00578-00144859-00145303": "relevant customs", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00579-00145304-00145810": "pledge the pledge of allegiance to the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00580-00145811-00145987": "Philippine flag distinct from the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00581-00145988-00146188": "patriotic oath of allegiance should be", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00582-00146189-00146350": "recited while standing with the right", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00583-00146351-00146619": "hand with palm open raised shoulder high", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00584-00146620-00146854": "individuals whose faith or religious", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00585-00146855-00147052": "beliefs prohibit them from making such", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00586-00147053-00147208": "pledge are permitted to excuse", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00587-00147209-00147400": "themselves but are required by law to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00588-00147401-00147595": "show full respect when the pledge is", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00589-00147596-00147745": "being rendered by standing at attention", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00590-00147746-00147985": "the law makes no statement regarding the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00591-00147986-00148159": "language in which the pledge must be", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00592-00148160-00148339": "recited but the pledge is written and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00593-00148340-00148525": "therefore recited in the Filipino", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00594-00148526-00148732": "language", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00595-00148733-00149296": "flag anthem Spanish Tagalog and English", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00596-00149297-00149497": "versions of the national anthem have", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00597-00149498-00149659": "been given official status throughout", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00598-00149660-00149971": "Philippine history however only the most", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00599-00149972-00150336": "recent and current Filipino version is", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00600-00150337-00150600": "officially recognized by law the flag in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00601-00150601-00150844": "heraldic code approved On February 12", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00602-00150845-00151188": "1998 specifies Lupang Hinirang the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00603-00151189-00151428": "national anthem shall always be sung in", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00604-00151429-00151614": "the national language within or without", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00605-00151615-00151977": "the country violation of the law is", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00606-00151978-00152434": "punishable by a fine and imprisonment", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00607-00152435-00152956": "National Flag Day the National Flag Day", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00608-00152957-00153187": "in the Philippines is celebrated every", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00609-00153188-00153493": "May 28th the very day of the 1898 Battle", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00610-00153494-00153777": "of Olive Han the official national flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00611-00153778-00154036": "flying period starts from May 28th and", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00612-00154037-00154288": "ends on Independence Day June 12th every", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00613-00154289-00154483": "year although the flying period for the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00614-00154484-00154683": "flag in homes businesses and public", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00615-00154684-00154915": "establishments may start on a specified", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00616-00154916-00155086": "day of May to be given by the National", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00617-00155087-00155299": "Historical Commission of the Philippines", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00618-00155300-00155634": "and may last until June 30th", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00619-00155635-00156045": "see also", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00620-00156046-00156486": "list of flags of the Philippines flags", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00621-00156487-00156897": "of the Philippine provinces flags of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00622-00156898-00157299": "Philippine revolution Naval Jack of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00623-00157300-00157665": "Philippines coastwise emblem of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00624-00157666-00157964": "Philippines", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00625-00157965-00158396": "notes", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00626-00158397-00158799": "references", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00627-00158800-00159188": "external links", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00628-00159189-00159498": "the controversial Philippine national", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00629-00159499-00159834": "flag national historical Institute of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00630-00159835-00160596": "the Philippines may 14 2014 12 the 30th", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00631-00160597-00160896": "of May 2008", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00632-00160897-00161129": "the official website of the Republic of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00633-00161130-00161520": "the Philippines Philippine at flags of", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00634-00161521-00161907": "the world flag and heraldic code of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00635-00161908-00162287": "Philippines at flags of the world how to", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00636-00162288-00162654": "properly display the Philippine flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00637-00162655-00163011": "history of the Philippine flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00638-00163012-00163297": "Philippines historical flags of 20th", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00639-00163298-00163761": "century flag spot net Filipino flag", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00640-00163762-00164071": "learned now Filipino flag net archived", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00641-00164072-00164281": "from the original on the 23rd of June", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00642-00164282-00164916": "2012 w80 AWA t flags and symbols of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00643-00164917-00165310": "pearl of the Orient seeds history of the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00644-00165311-00165544": "Philippine flag Philippines Presidential", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00645-00165545-00165973": "Museum and Library origin of the symbols", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00646-00165974-00166149": "of our national flag Philippines", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00647-00166150-00166570": "Presidential Museum and Library flags", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00648-00166571-00166768": "and banners of the colonial era in the", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00649-00166769-00166969": "Philippines Philippines Presidential", "z-jBMnfN8-Y-00650-00166970-00167238": "Museum and Library"}}, {"audio_id": "z-Mq4ifTYT4", "text": {"z-Mq4ifTYT4-00000-00000000-00001527": "[Music]", "z-Mq4ifTYT4-00001-00001528-00001828": "metal"}}, {"audio_id": "z_ld_Fk7nzM", "text": {"z_ld_Fk7nzM-00000-00000056-00000342": "hey guys uh this is now the uh 12", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00001-00000343-00000447": "o'clock", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00002-00000448-00000599": "uh talk", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00003-00000600-00000734": "um sorry for the little problem", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00004-00000735-00000911": "beforehand but uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00005-00000911-00001111": "we're dealing with zoom that day so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00006-00001112-00001303": "um the track is basically could be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00007-00001304-00001462": "called dhs", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00008-00001463-00001647": "rebooting critical infrastructure", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00009-00001648-00001847": "protection we have a panel right here", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00010-00001848-00002055": "and we have somebody on zoom", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00011-00002056-00002342": "and uh on the left hand side", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00012-00002343-00002591": "and uh we're ready to start so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00013-00002592-00002767": "here we go", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00014-00002768-00002918": "hello can you guys hear me yes i'm on", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00015-00002919-00003222": "okay um hi i'm joe marks i'm a reporter", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00016-00003223-00003383": "with the washington post i write the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00017-00003384-00003615": "cyber security 202 newsletter this is my", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00018-00003615-00003870": "surveillance team for anyone who was uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00019-00003871-00004022": "watching the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00020-00004023-00004222": "last panel", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00021-00004223-00004343": "they are", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00022-00004344-00004599": "uh perry adams who is a security", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00023-00004600-00004822": "researcher who security researcher who", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00024-00004823-00005038": "advises government agencies", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00025-00005039-00005318": "uh and others alice klinberg director of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00026-00005319-00005591": "the hague center for strategic studies", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00027-00005592-00005863": "and also the policy lead for defcon", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00028-00005864-00006134": "amelie koran a senior technology", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00029-00006135-00006343": "advocate at splunk", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00030-00006344-00006583": "faye franci executive director of the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00031-00006584-00006759": "auto isac", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00032-00006759-00006967": "and danny mcpherson chief security", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00033-00006968-00007214": "officer of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00034-00007215-00007463": "and we are joined via zoom you can't see", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00035-00007464-00007734": "him but we can by clayton romans uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00036-00007736-00007951": "who's an official from sissa standing in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00037-00007952-00008055": "force", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00038-00008056-00008446": "oh he's up yes he's okay hey clayton", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00039-00008447-00008791": "okay everyone so i want to start uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00040-00008792-00008983": "by pausing a couple of things so it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00041-00008984-00009239": "seems as if", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00042-00009240-00009431": "uh cyber protections for critical", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00043-00009432-00009567": "infrastructure", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00044-00009568-00009655": "are", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00045-00009656-00009910": "is a bigger and scarier issue now than", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00046-00009911-00010167": "it has been at any point in the past", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00047-00010168-00010414": "biden is going to meet with putin with a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00048-00010415-00010583": "list of 16 critical infrastructure", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00049-00010584-00010846": "sectors and saying steer clear of these", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00050-00010847-00011087": "right the white house is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00051-00011088-00011359": "with the help of cisa drawing up cyber", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00052-00011360-00011487": "standards for all critical", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00053-00011488-00011759": "infrastructure they are voluntary right", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00054-00011760-00012006": "now they could become mandatory if", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00055-00012007-00012270": "congress gives the executive branch the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00056-00012271-00012438": "authority to do that that wasn't", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00057-00012439-00012719": "happening in 2015 2016-2017", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00058-00012720-00012935": "so i want to start by just level setting", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00059-00012936-00013158": "here um asking that clayton probably", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00060-00013159-00013271": "can't answer this i'm asking the folks", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00061-00013272-00013399": "on the panel here", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00062-00013400-00013479": "uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00063-00013480-00013743": "is an answer to this", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00064-00013744-00013958": "more government regulations and cyber", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00065-00013959-00014094": "requirements across critical", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00066-00014095-00014430": "infrastructure or no so it just hands up", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00067-00014431-00014758": "more regulations", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00068-00014759-00014999": "did we get any more we got like man", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00069-00015000-00015166": "i think it's nuanced right smarter", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00070-00015168-00015375": "regulations okay so we have no hands", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00071-00015376-00015655": "fully up um but we'll start with perry", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00072-00015656-00015871": "explain what nuanced means what where", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00073-00015872-00015983": "should we be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00074-00015984-00016311": "so i think when it comes to uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00075-00016312-00016583": "regulations right you have so many uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00076-00016584-00016815": "disparate industries that have very", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00077-00016816-00017119": "bespoke very specific uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00078-00017120-00017367": "needs when it comes to ics security and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00079-00017368-00017463": "so there's not really a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00080-00017464-00017703": "one-size-fits-all", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00081-00017704-00017879": "solution and so i think in in some", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00082-00017880-00018279": "respects we do need regulation because", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00083-00018280-00018439": "especially some industries", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00084-00018440-00018663": "are not going to regulate themselves", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00085-00018664-00018886": "effectively but", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00086-00018887-00019167": "the regulation has to uh actually", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00087-00019168-00019383": "achieve its goals it can't just be there", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00088-00019384-00019663": "to do something and so i think that we", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00089-00019664-00019847": "run the risk of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00090-00019848-00019950": "creating an", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00091-00019951-00020135": "overly broad", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00092-00020136-00020422": "and generic solution that imposes sort", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00093-00020423-00020599": "of these onerous requirements that don't", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00094-00020600-00020727": "actually make sense for specific", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00095-00020728-00020958": "industries so yes in some cases but it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00096-00020959-00021183": "has to be smart and maybe government can", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00097-00021184-00021343": "do that maybe they can't", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00098-00021344-00021447": "sure", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00099-00021448-00021591": "only", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00100-00021592-00021839": "yeah i'd say um generally too one of the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00101-00021840-00022111": "things from uh policymaking at the kind", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00102-00022112-00022350": "of executive branch level is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00103-00022351-00022567": "while as she mentioned it's generally", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00104-00022568-00022758": "generic and everything you know every", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00105-00022759-00022950": "industry is somewhat bespoke it's some", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00106-00022951-00023143": "of the need for some mechanics because", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00107-00023144-00023383": "not every organization is equal so they", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00108-00023384-00023575": "don't necessarily know where to start", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00109-00023576-00023711": "they'll just buy anything that a vendor", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00110-00023712-00023894": "may say i'm not speaking as a vendor but", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00111-00023895-00024142": "that's typically what happens um but", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00112-00024143-00024430": "also uh you know just the the workforce", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00113-00024431-00024703": "the hiring required um you know kind of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00114-00024704-00024886": "measures and levels um so you know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00115-00024887-00025047": "that's that's one challenge i've always", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00116-00025048-00025230": "found like regulation is it's there it's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00117-00025231-00025486": "set out but there's no you know help", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00118-00025487-00025606": "with the mechanics of getting it there", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00119-00025607-00025799": "so there's always aborted starts or just", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00120-00025800-00025990": "no starts at all", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00121-00025991-00026158": "right and clayton i want to jump to you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00122-00026160-00026279": "now because you're on the government", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00123-00026280-00026374": "side here in our government", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00124-00026375-00026590": "representative so cisa right now is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00125-00026591-00026783": "working with the white house on these", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00126-00026783-00026951": "voluntary standards", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00127-00026952-00027111": "in some sectors can you give us just", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00128-00027112-00027255": "some level setting on that in just two", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00129-00027256-00027407": "three minutes", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00130-00027408-00027543": "sure i'd be happy to and thanks for", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00131-00027544-00027751": "having me this this afternoon for you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00132-00027752-00027887": "guys a little bit later for me here in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00133-00027888-00028111": "dc um i want to touch on two of the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00134-00028112-00028246": "points that have already been made and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00135-00028247-00028511": "i'll try to baseline where we're at um", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00136-00028512-00028711": "you know from a scissor perspective", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00137-00028712-00028887": "what's most important is that we are", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00138-00028888-00029118": "providing as much", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00139-00029119-00029279": "partnership and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00140-00029280-00029518": "capacity and capability and tools to our", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00141-00029519-00029655": "critical infrastructure owners and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00142-00029656-00029862": "operators to protect themselves and i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00143-00029863-00030023": "think we have to get creative i mean you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00144-00030024-00030151": "mentioned at the beginning we had a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00145-00030152-00030358": "different approach in the the first part", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00146-00030360-00030487": "of the century we had a different", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00147-00030488-00030702": "approach seven years ago we're pivoting", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00148-00030703-00030935": "now to to address you know through", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00149-00030936-00031111": "potential regulatory means but we're", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00150-00031112-00031255": "also looking at creative partnership", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00151-00031256-00031487": "models that aren't entirely outside of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00152-00031488-00031639": "the voluntary space that we've always", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00153-00031639-00031831": "occupied and i think that's the unique", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00154-00031832-00031999": "you know value proposition in place that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00155-00032000-00032207": "says it fits between industry and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00156-00032208-00032383": "government you know from a us government", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00157-00032383-00032527": "perspective", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00158-00032527-00032670": "you mentioned the voluntary standards", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00159-00032672-00032799": "that we're looking at for industrial", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00160-00032800-00033039": "control systems we're looking at instant", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00161-00033040-00033271": "incident reporting guidelines both in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00162-00033272-00033455": "partnership with some of our other dhs", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00163-00033456-00033679": "subcomponents but also from the white", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00164-00033680-00033918": "house and i think the key and omelee", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00165-00033919-00034095": "mentioned this a minute ago it's it's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00166-00034096-00034343": "not just about compliance", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00167-00034344-00034574": "it's not just about telling critical", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00168-00034575-00034783": "infrastructure or other entities what", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00169-00034784-00034974": "they need to tell us it's providing", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00170-00034975-00035271": "frameworks and tools and i think", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00171-00035272-00035471": "guidelines for how the government can", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00172-00035472-00035639": "help work with industry to protect", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00173-00035640-00035862": "themselves and increase resiliency", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00174-00035863-00036015": "i think one of the things that we have", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00175-00036016-00036183": "to be very careful about is what this", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00176-00036184-00036407": "implementation looks like look like it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00177-00036408-00036559": "can't just be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00178-00036560-00036711": "here are some standards you know we've", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00179-00036712-00036895": "been doing this for years take these", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00180-00036896-00037102": "standards and good luck and get back to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00181-00037103-00037335": "us we need to truly have a collaboration", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00182-00037336-00037479": "between government and industry to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00183-00037480-00037639": "implement those standards to learn from", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00184-00037640-00037839": "them and potentially evolve them", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00185-00037840-00038039": "as we work through the process and i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00186-00038040-00038287": "think from our perspective we plan on", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00187-00038288-00038439": "doing that closely with some of our", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00188-00038440-00038623": "sector risk management agency partners", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00189-00038624-00038815": "across the us government", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00190-00038816-00038951": "and we're certainly interested in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00191-00038952-00039143": "working outside of the government space", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00192-00039144-00039423": "to build new models for taking on the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00193-00039424-00039615": "same you know threat and vulnerability", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00194-00039616-00039790": "landscape without", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00195-00039791-00039951": "any of the new regulatory measures that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00196-00039952-00040167": "we're considering our director yesterday", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00197-00040168-00040271": "previewed", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00198-00040272-00040446": "a new capability that we're establishing", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00199-00040447-00040679": "my team has been leading this for sizza", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00200-00040680-00040823": "it's called the cyber defense", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00201-00040824-00040999": "collaborative we're really excited about", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00202-00041000-00041087": "that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00203-00041088-00041271": "and i really want to emphasize that here", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00204-00041272-00041495": "because this is a whole", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00205-00041496-00041687": "solution type of approach to addressing", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00206-00041688-00041935": "cyber risk we need guidelines we may", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00207-00041936-00042135": "need new regulatory approaches but we", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00208-00042136-00042302": "certainly need to lean into and evolve", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00209-00042303-00042439": "the partnership model that we have in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00210-00042440-00042695": "place to work together in this space", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00211-00042696-00042871": "so um thank you very much for that and i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00212-00042872-00043118": "wanted to throw out to the group again", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00213-00043119-00043262": "so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00214-00043263-00043495": "why hasn't because partnerships with", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00215-00043496-00043599": "between government industry have been", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00216-00043600-00043807": "going on for quite a while why haven't", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00217-00043808-00043887": "they", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00218-00043888-00044015": "worked yet and this is not on cystis", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00219-00044016-00044255": "this is two years old but why has the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00220-00044256-00044430": "voluntary model", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00221-00044431-00044639": "not gotten to a place where we're not", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00222-00044640-00044823": "having you know major ransomware attacks", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00223-00044824-00045046": "against colonial pipelines and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00224-00045047-00045423": "you know major meat processors", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00225-00045424-00045711": "danny", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00226-00045712-00045853": "it's a fair question", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00227-00045854-00046030": "[Laughter]", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00228-00046031-00046358": "no i'm kidding i think that a lot of the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00229-00046359-00046518": "a lot of the collaboration to date is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00230-00046519-00046662": "sharing with the government and you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00231-00046663-00046783": "usually don't hear anything back and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00232-00046784-00046951": "that's been a frustration", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00233-00046952-00047183": "and i think that uh you know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00234-00047184-00047407": "receiving more proactive intel proactive", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00235-00047408-00047599": "controls actual collaboration is an", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00236-00047600-00047846": "important thing and so i i'm optimistic", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00237-00047847-00048007": "this will help with some of that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00238-00048008-00048158": "at the same time i think that you know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00239-00048159-00048311": "it's another name for some of these", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00240-00048312-00048423": "initiatives and i hope that they can", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00241-00048424-00048551": "learn from some of the problems of the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00242-00048552-00048686": "past and and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00243-00048687-00048839": "and work through some of the regulatory", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00244-00048840-00049095": "burial barriers that may exist to help", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00245-00049096-00049262": "help share more information with private", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00246-00049263-00049455": "sector to better be proactive in these", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00247-00049456-00049599": "areas", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00248-00049600-00049767": "but other thoughts on that why hasn't", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00249-00049768-00049999": "the voluntary model worked yet why are", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00250-00050000-00050279": "we still where we are", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00251-00050280-00050479": "i think it's uh people do the minimum", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00252-00050480-00050702": "viable required right i think you know i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00253-00050703-00050871": "think that's the bottom line it's uh you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00254-00050872-00051030": "know it's a lot of liability out there", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00255-00051031-00051246": "and you know most you know 95 of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00256-00051247-00051390": "critical infrastructures in private", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00257-00051391-00051599": "sector hands and sis the ones that get", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00258-00051600-00051735": "their arms around that and i think there", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00259-00051736-00051902": "probably ought to be a height limit for", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00260-00051903-00051990": "if you want to operate that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00261-00051991-00052126": "infrastructure so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00262-00052127-00052279": "i'm a fan of knowing what good looks", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00263-00052279-00052438": "like and aiming at that and if you don't", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00264-00052439-00052559": "do that then there might be some", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00265-00052560-00052799": "liability associated with that right but", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00266-00052800-00053023": "you also need help because uh you know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00267-00053024-00053199": "the private sector is not alone in uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00268-00053200-00053375": "you know and experiencing cyber security", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00269-00053376-00053503": "incidents", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00270-00053504-00053615": "yeah um", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00271-00053616-00053894": "go ahead and then we'll move over here", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00272-00053895-00054094": "i think i think that's a strong point to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00273-00054095-00054303": "be made uh is that also the culture in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00274-00054304-00054430": "the u.s tends to be excessively", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00275-00054432-00054630": "legalistic and particularly regarding", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00276-00054632-00054807": "information exchange and other types of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00277-00054808-00054959": "activities that people really need to do", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00278-00054960-00055038": "and you're", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00279-00055039-00055294": "and from uh from like a private share", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00280-00055295-00055463": "point of view you're often worried about", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00281-00055464-00055615": "liability issues and data protection", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00282-00055616-00055823": "issues it's kind of funny because in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00283-00055824-00056082": "europe who are definitely big friends of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00284-00056083-00056326": "regulation actually that particular", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00285-00056327-00056479": "issue information sharing for instance", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00286-00056479-00056703": "is managed in a way that is sometimes a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00287-00056704-00056854": "bit more efficient because people are", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00288-00056855-00056982": "not so worried about data protection", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00289-00056983-00057135": "issues even though the europeans are", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00290-00057136-00057319": "much more hyper about data protection", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00291-00057320-00057519": "than most european entities are i think", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00292-00057520-00057719": "it comes down to basically being a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00293-00057720-00057838": "little bit more flexible with your", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00294-00057839-00057982": "frameworks and that's sometimes quite", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00295-00057983-00058119": "difficult when you have of course you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00296-00058120-00058319": "know really large system like in the us", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00297-00058320-00058535": "to deal with and not like in the europe", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00298-00058536-00058647": "where the member states tend to be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00299-00058648-00058807": "pretty small and you're able to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00300-00058808-00058966": "effectively work things out more", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00301-00058967-00059166": "informal matter", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00302-00059167-00059350": "oh oh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00303-00059351-00059479": "oh i was just going to say that it's my", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00304-00059479-00059671": "understanding that nerc sip is actually", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00305-00059672-00059999": "uh any rc cip is actually a step in the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00306-00060000-00060294": "right direction at least for uh industry", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00307-00060295-00060654": "group establishing standards for uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00308-00060655-00060950": "the electric electricity sector uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00309-00060951-00061166": "but i mean to his point it's all about", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00310-00061167-00061382": "smarter regulations stuff like that but", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00311-00061383-00061575": "if you want an example to point to of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00312-00061576-00061735": "something that a private industry group", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00313-00061736-00061999": "has has done that has made some", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00314-00062000-00062247": "uh uh improvements that would be one of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00315-00062248-00062375": "them", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00316-00062376-00062575": "yeah and if i could jump in just a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00317-00062576-00062742": "thought on that to build on what you're", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00318-00062744-00063006": "saying carrie um i think it's about", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00319-00063007-00063166": "smart regulations i think it's about", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00320-00063167-00063359": "smart collaboration the eu is a really", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00321-00063360-00063566": "interesting model um that we can learn", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00322-00063567-00063791": "from you have member states of very", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00323-00063791-00063975": "varying sophistication", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00324-00063976-00064166": "all coming together and needing similar", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00325-00064167-00064375": "types of services and a model that can", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00326-00064376-00064559": "bring you know different levels of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00327-00064560-00064735": "partners together from this is a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00328-00064736-00064903": "perspective what we're really trying to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00329-00064904-00065238": "do as we stand up this jc dc capability", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00330-00065239-00065438": "is level set for the us government there", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00331-00065439-00065671": "are several entry points we have very", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00332-00065672-00065871": "sophisticated government entities with", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00333-00065872-00066079": "different types of capabilities", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00334-00066080-00066231": "we have very sophisticated industry", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00335-00066232-00066375": "partners with a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00336-00066376-00066615": "enormous amount of visibility across the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00337-00066616-00066823": "us and across the world but we're also", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00338-00066824-00067006": "trying to help our state and local", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00339-00067007-00067223": "partners we're helping you know small", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00340-00067224-00067375": "businesses that don't have this level of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00341-00067376-00067615": "capability and i think making and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00342-00067616-00067806": "building a model that addresses", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00343-00067807-00068006": "different types of collaboration needs", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00344-00068007-00068182": "is one of the solutions that we have to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00345-00068183-00068271": "find", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00346-00068272-00068415": "and we have to make it easier we have to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00347-00068416-00068567": "make it easy for", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00348-00068568-00068806": "a really large sophisticated company", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00349-00068807-00068999": "that can bring a wealth of information", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00350-00069000-00069199": "to the us government how do we action", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00351-00069200-00069406": "that effectively and how do we take a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00352-00069407-00069606": "coordinated approach to addressing", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00353-00069607-00069847": "prioritized risks we you know you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00354-00069848-00070047": "mentioned the president's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00355-00070048-00070303": "remarks in in geneva and protecting our", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00356-00070304-00070463": "critical infrastructure well let's take", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00357-00070464-00070638": "that to the next level let's let's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00358-00070639-00070759": "decompose what our critical", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00359-00070760-00070967": "infrastructure looks like let's focus on", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00360-00070968-00071126": "where we see the greatest risk and where", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00361-00071127-00071335": "we can partner smartly with other with", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00362-00071336-00071519": "other people and other entities to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00363-00071520-00071719": "address that risk", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00364-00071720-00071950": "yeah and just coming from somebody who's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00365-00071951-00072094": "had to implement this in various", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00366-00072095-00072223": "organizations including critical", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00367-00072224-00072343": "infrastructure", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00368-00072344-00072438": "you know as part of a security", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00369-00072439-00072655": "engineering team one of the i think the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00370-00072656-00072879": "biggest challenges is if as we", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00371-00072880-00073006": "kind of lean towards standards or", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00372-00073007-00073255": "regulations uh you folks who are in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00373-00073256-00073399": "leadership positions and not the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00374-00073400-00073615": "individual contributors doing the stuff", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00375-00073616-00073879": "see these regulations pretty much as uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00376-00073880-00074071": "the ceiling and not the water line so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00377-00074072-00074343": "they go to that and they only go to that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00378-00074344-00074526": "and you know getting to the waterline", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00379-00074527-00074671": "gets you to where you're just floating", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00380-00074672-00074823": "you're neutrally buoyant in your", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00381-00074824-00075038": "security controls and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00382-00075039-00075223": "your resiliency is actually being above", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00383-00075224-00075447": "that water line being a boat you know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00384-00075448-00075662": "having a hovercraft so trying to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00385-00075663-00075967": "engineer or operate in a fashion where", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00386-00075968-00076182": "yeah or a parasail operate in such a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00387-00076183-00076343": "fashion that if you do get hit by", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00388-00076344-00076582": "ransomware or whatever new threat is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00389-00076583-00076806": "coming out there you can take that punch", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00390-00076807-00076991": "and still be above that water line still", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00391-00076992-00077206": "operate and still be be resilient", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00392-00077207-00077382": "unfortunately a lot of regulations just", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00393-00077383-00077535": "get you to the point so that everyone's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00394-00077536-00077711": "at that even level but for you to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00395-00077712-00077894": "succeed you need to be above that and i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00396-00077895-00078071": "think that's the next step beyond this", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00397-00078072-00078247": "it's you know obviously this is getting", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00398-00078248-00078406": "organizations who may be small maybe", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00399-00078407-00078550": "underfunded you know this whole security", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00400-00078551-00078775": "poverty line with like when wendy and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00401-00078776-00078959": "andy wrote many years ago", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00402-00078960-00079126": "and you know getting them to at least", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00403-00079127-00079294": "that standards point getting them beyond", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00404-00079295-00079438": "the ceiling get them above that water", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00405-00079439-00079591": "line i think that's going to be the next", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00406-00079592-00079750": "challenge to all of this but you know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00407-00079751-00079919": "obviously getting as you know you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00408-00079920-00080119": "mentioned about sisa helping with some", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00409-00080120-00080343": "of those tools is you know using that as", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00410-00080344-00080526": "a foundation and building from", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00411-00080527-00080615": "okay", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00412-00080616-00080887": "yes so as a nice information sharing and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00413-00080888-00081062": "analysis center we've had a public", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00414-00081063-00081335": "private partnership with dhs for many", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00415-00081336-00081575": "years for since 1998", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00416-00081576-00081719": "and i will say there's been several", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00417-00081720-00081894": "successes there so i don't want to throw", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00418-00081895-00082118": "that completely away there's been", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00419-00082119-00082343": "incredible learnings working together", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00420-00082344-00082479": "collaboration", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00421-00082480-00082703": "and really the takedown of some serious", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00422-00082704-00082943": "uh activities that would not have", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00423-00082944-00083175": "occurred without that public partner", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00424-00083176-00083375": "partnership having said that that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00425-00083376-00083567": "doesn't mean the model is right right", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00426-00083568-00083759": "the model is not necessarily right for", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00427-00083760-00083943": "what the current times are", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00428-00083944-00084118": "as we've seen the threat actors have", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00429-00084119-00084415": "gotten much more sophisticated", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00430-00084416-00084638": "much quicker than say the private sector", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00431-00084639-00084879": "has and that is one of the challenges", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00432-00084880-00085182": "that we have the private sector wants to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00433-00085183-00085359": "to do this right they it's not that they", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00434-00085360-00085550": "don't want to do it it's just that they", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00435-00085551-00085743": "don't necessarily have not been able to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00436-00085744-00086031": "keep up with the sophistication uh that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00437-00086032-00086223": "many of you are aware of right uh they", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00438-00086224-00086431": "just haven't and that's part of the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00439-00086432-00086631": "training and needs that the private", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00440-00086632-00086935": "sector has yeah one thing that's um", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00441-00086936-00087167": "seems complicated about this is that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00442-00087168-00087350": "cis's work for the last two years has", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00443-00087351-00087438": "been", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00444-00087439-00087831": "very much focused on collaboration and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00445-00087832-00088071": "working with industry and we will keep", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00446-00088072-00088318": "your breach secret we won't disclose any", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00447-00088319-00088559": "information and i think there's a lot of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00448-00088560-00088782": "anxiety about pivoting from that to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00449-00088783-00088879": "being", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00450-00088880-00089118": "a regulator and uh enforcing", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00451-00089119-00089335": "requirements and that it will be tough", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00452-00089336-00089550": "to do both do you have", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00453-00089551-00089694": "someone who's worked with both", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00454-00089695-00089871": "regulators and cisa do you have thoughts", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00455-00089872-00089999": "on that yeah and if you want to see", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00456-00090000-00090223": "anything also so one of the things that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00457-00090224-00090423": "make my members vibrate the most is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00458-00090424-00090662": "regulation of course and and for good", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00459-00090663-00090959": "reasons so uh regulations as", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00460-00090960-00091135": "uh we've already talked about here on", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00461-00091136-00091326": "stage can be very onerous cannot", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00462-00091327-00091494": "necessarily get you above that water", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00463-00091495-00091679": "line and so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00464-00091680-00091911": "they have to be smart regulations right", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00465-00091912-00092126": "uh what does that look like in a in a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00466-00092127-00092303": "partnership it's a little difficult to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00467-00092304-00092471": "say right so i think there needs to be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00468-00092472-00092743": "some real good thoughts put on to that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00469-00092744-00092943": "on the other hand we know that without", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00470-00092944-00093143": "regulation sometimes nothing happens", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00471-00093144-00093431": "right we understand that but i will say", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00472-00093432-00093655": "that as i've been in two major", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00473-00093656-00093847": "industries both aviation and in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00474-00093848-00094071": "automotive i've seen both industries", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00475-00094072-00094287": "they really care right they don't want", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00476-00094288-00094455": "their customers to be hacked they don't", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00477-00094456-00094631": "want to be hurt they don't want anybody", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00478-00094632-00094815": "to die because of something that's uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00479-00094816-00095103": "happening out there and so they do work", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00480-00095104-00095271": "to understand it but they don't", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00481-00095272-00095535": "understand the asymmetric threat", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00482-00095536-00095743": "that many of you do and that how", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00483-00095744-00095982": "sophisticated this threat has become", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00484-00095983-00096206": "and so there is a need for more training", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00485-00096207-00096423": "and awareness and education around this", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00486-00096424-00096687": "topic cyber workforce development we've", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00487-00096688-00096871": "seen what johnny sterling just came out", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00488-00096872-00097015": "with yesterday", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00489-00097016-00097199": "many of these topics are really", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00490-00097200-00097382": "important to the private sector and i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00491-00097383-00097526": "can tell you that the private sector", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00492-00097527-00097831": "works very hard to mitigate these risks", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00493-00097832-00098038": "they're just not at the same level as", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00494-00098039-00098262": "the threat and that is i think the real", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00495-00098263-00098374": "big problem", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00496-00098375-00098479": "clayton do you want to say something", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00497-00098480-00098799": "about the um that rough balance between", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00498-00098800-00099143": "uh partnership and and um the whip", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00499-00099144-00099303": "i do and i think you know i think it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00500-00099304-00099455": "goes back to what kerry said at the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00501-00099456-00099655": "beginning about nuance there's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00502-00099656-00099871": "it is a balance i don't think that the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00503-00099872-00100047": "partnership and regulations or", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00504-00100048-00100255": "guidelines are mutually exclusive i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00505-00100256-00100415": "think we've tried different approaches", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00506-00100416-00100582": "and we're learning that part of this is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00507-00100583-00100767": "about empowering owners and operators to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00508-00100768-00100903": "take the right steps to protect", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00509-00100904-00101143": "themselves from us as a perspective we", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00510-00101144-00101311": "need the best visibility into threat", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00511-00101312-00101567": "activity uh and incidents as they occur", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00512-00101568-00101774": "if we're going to protect the broad", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00513-00101775-00101982": "national community and so we're looking", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00514-00101983-00102167": "for new ways to do that but there's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00515-00102168-00102343": "obviously a balance we have to strike", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00516-00102344-00102534": "incident reporting is part of it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00517-00102535-00102815": "baseline standards is part of it um you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00518-00102816-00103039": "know as we increase the compliance", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00519-00103040-00103182": "requirements there we have to be very", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00520-00103183-00103382": "careful about what that does to our", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00521-00103383-00103527": "voluntary approach and how we work with", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00522-00103528-00103710": "industry to actually define what those", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00523-00103711-00103918": "requirements are so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00524-00103919-00104063": "i think it's all about the balance that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00525-00104064-00104254": "at the end of the day um we think we're", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00526-00104255-00104502": "striking that now and the ultimate goal", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00527-00104503-00104758": "that we have though is to bolster the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00528-00104759-00104886": "work that we're already doing in the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00529-00104888-00105119": "partnership model that we have", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00530-00105120-00105319": "i don't think they're mutually exclusive", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00531-00105320-00105495": "so one one critical infrastructure", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00532-00105496-00105678": "sector i think about a lot is elections", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00533-00105679-00105847": "because i spent you know the last two", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00534-00105848-00105943": "years", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00535-00105944-00106134": "focused on it and that's an area that is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00536-00106135-00106390": "as big and complicated and unprepared", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00537-00106391-00106486": "for this", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00538-00106488-00106654": "as any you can imagine over the course", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00539-00106655-00106927": "of four years they made really huge", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00540-00106928-00107223": "strides and it seems like that happened", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00541-00107224-00107423": "partially because of a great deal of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00542-00107424-00107663": "terror and concern about uh russian", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00543-00107664-00107854": "involvement in 2016.", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00544-00107855-00108110": "um a lot of government pressure a lot of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00545-00108111-00108310": "public and media focus", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00546-00108311-00108407": "and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00547-00108408-00108671": "just sort of a genuine general", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00548-00108672-00108919": "kind of push that that forced them into", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00549-00108920-00109078": "that situation", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00550-00109079-00109254": "is that possible in other", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00551-00109255-00109590": "critical infrastructure sectors i mean", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00552-00109591-00109831": "could they be could pipelines become", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00553-00109832-00110054": "scared enough by colonial agricultural", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00554-00110055-00110286": "companies scared enough by jbs", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00555-00110288-00110510": "is there enough of a drive to make that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00556-00110511-00110678": "happen to raise that level so they're at", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00557-00110679-00110927": "the level of the threat or are we not", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00558-00110928-00111343": "that terrified yet", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00559-00111344-00111551": "alex what's the general question", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00560-00111552-00111719": "okay again i'm going to give a european", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00561-00111720-00111839": "example here because i think there's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00562-00111840-00112110": "also just a general a bit of a different", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00563-00112111-00112383": "view that um that also also has been", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00564-00112383-00112583": "tried in part in the u.s and i think", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00565-00112583-00112719": "it's not bad to kind of think about", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00566-00112720-00112839": "going back to a little bit and that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00567-00112840-00113023": "starts with really basic concepts like", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00568-00113024-00113254": "duty of care so when you really impose a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00569-00113255-00113415": "certain amount of duty of care on like", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00570-00113416-00113590": "critical infrastructure providers or in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00571-00113591-00113758": "europe that includes digital", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00572-00113759-00113902": "digital service providers as well which", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00573-00113903-00114086": "is an interesting concept then the next", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00574-00114088-00114319": "step is their their job is to avoid", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00575-00114320-00114502": "gross negligence right what does that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00576-00114503-00114743": "mean like really screwing up and so if", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00577-00114744-00114823": "you're going to talk about gross", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00578-00114824-00115031": "negligence you have to apply basically", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00579-00115032-00115239": "basic standards that's the next step all", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00580-00115240-00115366": "this is by the way the network", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00581-00115367-00115534": "information security directive and if", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00582-00115535-00115751": "you have a company in the us sell", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00583-00115752-00115958": "services to europe then basically you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00584-00115959-00116078": "are hit by the network information", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00585-00116079-00116190": "security director so you should", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00586-00116191-00116383": "basically really find out what it means", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00587-00116383-00116615": "because you have number four a duty to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00588-00116616-00116815": "report incidents of anything that's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00589-00116816-00117039": "substantial and you have to do that to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00590-00117040-00117239": "the member state government there's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00591-00117240-00117471": "their c-cert that's responsible for you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00592-00117472-00117615": "and if you don't you get to the last", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00593-00117616-00117878": "point which is punishment so basically", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00594-00117879-00118086": "if you end up being costly negligent you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00595-00118088-00118358": "don't report breaches then it used to be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00596-00118359-00118478": "the member states the governments the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00597-00118479-00118695": "european governments could inflict their", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00598-00118696-00118919": "own punishments on you but now the new", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00599-00118920-00119071": "network information security directive", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00600-00119072-00119207": "will be up to two percent of your", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00601-00119208-00119310": "revenue", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00602-00119311-00119534": "and they will do it so this stuff is a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00603-00119535-00119702": "slowly increasing", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00604-00119703-00119863": "level of regulation whether it takes", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00605-00119864-00120054": "their time it's not all at once it's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00606-00120055-00120254": "based on basic fundamental principles", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00607-00120255-00120447": "and it gives the industry time to sort", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00608-00120448-00120654": "itself out so the minimum baseline", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00609-00120655-00120823": "protection always involves best", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00610-00120824-00120990": "practices in your particular industry", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00611-00120991-00121151": "they're never prescribed they don't say", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00612-00121152-00121423": "you have to do this it always will be 27", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00613-00121424-00121623": "000 you know in our industry but there", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00614-00121624-00121839": "are sub-components of that etc so i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00615-00121840-00121966": "think that's something to keep in mind", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00616-00121967-00122295": "the u.s tried i think for a while to do", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00617-00122296-00122471": "breach notification mandatory", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00618-00122472-00122710": "requirements and moved off that across", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00619-00122711-00122886": "the board and went on to it in specific", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00620-00122888-00123199": "sectors but it's a really helpful step", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00621-00123200-00123471": "in this avenue of slowly increased smart", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00622-00123472-00123590": "regulation rather than trying doing", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00623-00123591-00123775": "everything at once just um just one", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00624-00123776-00123902": "second to follow that and then we'll get", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00625-00123903-00124023": "back to the bigger question with the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00626-00124024-00124151": "elections", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00627-00124152-00124302": "go ahead i was just going to say and in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00628-00124303-00124478": "order to do breach notification you have", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00629-00124479-00124647": "to actually be able to identify the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00630-00124648-00124799": "breaches when they happen and many", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00631-00124800-00125054": "companies are just more than happy to be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00632-00125055-00125295": "in the dark on that one so but back to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00633-00125296-00125471": "the broader question though perry", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00634-00125472-00125686": "is it going to take a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00635-00125688-00125975": "russian interference in 2016 election", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00636-00125976-00126143": "level event", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00637-00126144-00126343": "to force enough concern from other", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00638-00126344-00126510": "critical infrastructure sectors that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00639-00126511-00126623": "they", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00640-00126624-00126783": "self-regulate", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00641-00126783-00126934": "given the way that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00642-00126935-00127166": "ransomware attacks have been increasing", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00643-00127167-00127375": "and the industry is only becoming more", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00644-00127376-00127671": "sophisticated and more profitable i i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00645-00127672-00127823": "expect that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00646-00127824-00128054": "that may serve as a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00647-00128055-00128343": "powerful impetus for this but i do think", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00648-00128344-00128510": "that it's going to come with smarter", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00649-00128511-00128727": "regulations i don't think the industries", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00650-00128728-00128951": "are just going to do this on their own", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00651-00128952-00129143": "and just a quick point uh obviously", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00652-00129144-00129366": "elections and was not actually its own", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00653-00129367-00129590": "critical infrastructure sector before", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00654-00129591-00129878": "2016. so you know there was not actually", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00655-00129879-00130086": "that wasn't on the radar as such so it's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00656-00130088-00130319": "not a question of necessarily having all", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00657-00130320-00130502": "everything spelled out in advance but", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00658-00130503-00130702": "having principles that we could use to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00659-00130703-00130863": "slowly address new issues as they come", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00660-00130864-00131135": "up", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00661-00131136-00131231": "oh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00662-00131232-00131439": "do we have a hand", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00663-00131440-00131683": "no i didn't have a handout i can say", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00664-00131684-00131807": "something if you want", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00665-00131808-00132039": "yeah i i do worry with some of this that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00666-00132040-00132239": "you know when you have that you know the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00667-00132240-00132423": "threat of regulation that uh you know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00668-00132424-00132559": "you're doing more compliance based", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00669-00132560-00132743": "security versus wrist space", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00670-00132744-00132943": "and you could you could have had every", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00671-00132944-00133159": "compliance control and every product on", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00672-00133160-00133327": "the show floor at rsa deployed and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00673-00133328-00133487": "operating properly and solar winds would", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00674-00133488-00133583": "happen", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00675-00133584-00133775": "right or ransomware in some environment", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00676-00133776-00133990": "maybe right so i think to your point", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00677-00133991-00134190": "though it wasn't you know ransomware is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00678-00134191-00134327": "you know one of the leading headlines in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00679-00134328-00134511": "the impetus for the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00680-00134512-00134727": "the jcdc right isn't that you know one", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00681-00134728-00134878": "of the things we got to collaborate and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00682-00134879-00134966": "uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00683-00134967-00135159": "so i think that's an example solar winds", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00684-00135160-00135375": "is an example so it's happening it's the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00685-00135376-00135495": "same as the russian stuff here's the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00686-00135496-00135654": "threat how do we deal with that how we", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00687-00135655-00135783": "collaborate to be more effective to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00688-00135784-00136254": "prevent it in the future so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00689-00136255-00136375": "go ahead oh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00690-00136376-00136566": "i just want to go back to the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00691-00136567-00136919": "question of the european system why is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00692-00136920-00137247": "the us in your opinion", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00693-00137248-00137399": "not as good at doing regulation and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00694-00137400-00137647": "doing it smartly", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00695-00137648-00137854": "the french would love that question yeah", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00696-00137855-00138078": "what's wrong with america", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00697-00138079-00138359": "our regulations don't have a sexy accent", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00698-00138360-00138607": "that would be it um so so president", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00699-00138608-00138775": "macron has been saying this for a couple", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00700-00138776-00138975": "of years right now that that europe does", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00701-00138976-00139199": "not want a silicon valley internet it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00702-00139200-00139366": "does not want a beijing internet it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00703-00139367-00139566": "wants a european internet so the whole", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00704-00139567-00139727": "idea is they've discovered they think", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00705-00139728-00139911": "that europe thinks that regulations is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00706-00139912-00140023": "superpower", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00707-00140024-00140254": "that's its value added which is always", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00708-00140255-00140390": "slightly amusing under many", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00709-00140391-00140583": "circumstances but actually also provides", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00710-00140584-00140766": "some kind of risk management to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00711-00140767-00140878": "corporations when they're trying to do", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00712-00140879-00141263": "business so i think one thing they have", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00713-00141264-00141519": "going for them is that since the eu", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00714-00141520-00141663": "itself is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00715-00141664-00141823": "even less powerful than the federal", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00716-00141824-00142031": "government they have to do a lot more in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00717-00142032-00142151": "the us they have to do a lot more", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00718-00142152-00142335": "negotiation with the member states and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00719-00142336-00142511": "their biggest challenge in europe has", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00720-00142512-00142695": "always been getting everybody up to a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00721-00142696-00142943": "basic level that they all can work from", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00722-00142944-00143119": "and having i mean they had to start with", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00723-00143120-00143366": "building gov certs inserts basically to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00724-00143367-00143543": "even have points of contact that was in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00725-00143544-00143695": "the first network information security", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00726-00143696-00143878": "directive right but now for instance to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00727-00143879-00144007": "give you an example of how far they've", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00728-00144008-00144199": "come in five six years i mean all of you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00729-00144200-00144319": "know you know the general data", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00730-00144320-00144623": "protection regulation is gdpr which is a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00731-00144624-00144847": "regulation people love to hate but", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00732-00144848-00145023": "again it gives people some plannability", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00733-00145024-00145207": "it's it's been used everywhere it's the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00734-00145208-00145383": "kind of thing that basically yeah it's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00735-00145384-00145535": "the worst thing around but at least it's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00736-00145536-00145854": "something and people work with it so now", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00737-00145855-00145983": "the the thing that's going to be really", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00738-00145984-00146095": "important is going to be the cyber", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00739-00146096-00146319": "security act implementation the cyber", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00740-00146320-00146454": "security act actually sets out", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00741-00146455-00146695": "certification for ict products and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00742-00146696-00146926": "services and that is a really really big", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00743-00146927-00147078": "topic and that's going to be very hard", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00744-00147079-00147287": "to imagine but none of this is mandatory", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00745-00147288-00147471": "and it probably won't be mandatory for", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00746-00147472-00147654": "at least a decade if more so it's very", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00747-00147655-00147790": "very slow", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00748-00147791-00147951": "steps by step where they're starting", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00749-00147952-00148175": "with for instance certification for eu", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00750-00148176-00148311": "cloud services for instance and they're", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00751-00148312-00148535": "going to move up to security services", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00752-00148536-00148775": "etc etc so the whole idea is to do this", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00753-00148776-00149039": "slowly to start it on a voluntary level", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00754-00149040-00149199": "to connect it with principles like duty", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00755-00149200-00149423": "of care and similar and basically have", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00756-00149424-00149583": "it bottom up it's always bottom-up in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00757-00149584-00149743": "this case and then always the question", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00758-00149744-00149951": "is that the industry knows that one", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00759-00149952-00150119": "point the regulations are going to be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00760-00150120-00150359": "are going to be turned up so you can't", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00761-00150360-00150511": "only have a voluntary model in that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00762-00150512-00150743": "space that's their that's their belief", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00763-00150744-00150887": "but they want to find systems that are", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00764-00150888-00151078": "going to be acceptable to effectively", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00765-00151079-00151231": "the regulators so therefore they plan", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00766-00151232-00151447": "ahead and the system more or less is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00767-00151448-00151614": "smoother implementation so in the last", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00768-00151615-00151911": "five years they've gotten really far um", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00769-00151912-00152031": "not necessarily everyone will think", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00770-00152032-00152223": "that's a good idea but that's basically", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00771-00152224-00152399": "how it's how it's turned out i would say", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00772-00152400-00152599": "that the um", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00773-00152600-00152863": "europe versus u.s versus asia is not", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00774-00152864-00153159": "that different right so we are a global", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00775-00153160-00153478": "um or you know company and uh what we're", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00776-00153479-00153759": "doing in the auto ice act is we had a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00777-00153760-00153935": "global task force that actually looked", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00778-00153936-00154102": "at the european region the japanese", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00779-00154103-00154414": "region why because most of my members", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00780-00154415-00154575": "are from those regions", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00781-00154576-00154766": "and so we are actually working very", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00782-00154767-00155007": "closely in standing up a european office", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00783-00155008-00155207": "and japan auto isaac has already stood", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00784-00155208-00155439": "up we're partnering with them dhs does a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00785-00155440-00155678": "lot of this collaboration with", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00786-00155679-00155943": "their counterpart parts in those regions", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00787-00155944-00156039": "as well", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00788-00156040-00156207": "and i can tell you that every one of my", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00789-00156208-00156399": "member companies wanted us to be a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00790-00156400-00156614": "global isac because", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00791-00156615-00156871": "they have operations in all those", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00792-00156872-00157102": "different regions so and i know maybe", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00793-00157103-00157247": "clayton can talk a little bit about what", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00794-00157248-00157478": "dhs does in collaborating with their", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00795-00157479-00157726": "counterparts in those regions", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00796-00157727-00157887": "sure i'd be happy to and i think it's a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00797-00157888-00158054": "really good point you made in terms of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00798-00158055-00158175": "you know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00799-00158176-00158359": "even as we can we can there are", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00800-00158360-00158519": "certainly nuances across different", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00801-00158520-00158751": "regions of the world for how we approach", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00802-00158752-00158966": "regulation and how we implement it um i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00803-00158967-00159102": "think there are things we can learn from", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00804-00159103-00159263": "our european counterparts and i think", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00805-00159264-00159478": "there are things that don't quite scale", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00806-00159479-00159759": "or fit in the same way and from in a u.s", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00807-00159760-00159919": "ecosystem", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00808-00159920-00160063": "and some of that we have learned from", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00809-00160064-00160263": "the way that we've built our information", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00810-00160264-00160447": "sharing channels in collaboration with", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00811-00160448-00160639": "our respected national counterparts", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00812-00160640-00160783": "across the world", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00813-00160784-00161007": "so japan is a really good example one of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00814-00161008-00161214": "our closest bilateral partners we work", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00815-00161215-00161375": "with you know their computer security", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00816-00161376-00161519": "and response", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00817-00161520-00161702": "teams their cert international certs", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00818-00161703-00161902": "they have a couple of different entities", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00819-00161903-00162135": "um that we work with we work very", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00820-00162136-00162271": "closely across", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00821-00162272-00162423": "um with many of our european", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00822-00162424-00162743": "counterparts with our five ice partners", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00823-00162744-00162871": "with some others in the east asia", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00824-00162872-00163087": "pacific region singapore and the key", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00825-00163088-00163295": "across all of these partnerships is that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00826-00163296-00163502": "each of our respective countries has a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00827-00163503-00163735": "different regulatory framework", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00828-00163736-00163895": "and a different", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00829-00163896-00164119": "slightly different approach to how they", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00830-00164120-00164271": "approach critical infrastructure", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00831-00164272-00164383": "protection", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00832-00164384-00164566": "but ultimately however we're getting the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00833-00164567-00164743": "information that applies to the us as", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00834-00164744-00164919": "well we're all in the business of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00835-00164920-00165095": "computer network defense", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00836-00165096-00165214": "we're trying to protect critical", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00837-00165215-00165390": "infrastructure we're using information", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00838-00165391-00165607": "in the same way in this community", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00839-00165608-00165823": "it's a trust-based partnership it's how", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00840-00165824-00166054": "we have to work domestically is how we", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00841-00166055-00166271": "have to work internationally so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00842-00166272-00166726": "you know japan for instance has has", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00843-00166727-00166983": "i would advocated a more complex um but", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00844-00166984-00167087": "certainly different approach to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00845-00167088-00167278": "regulation than the us does so to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00846-00167279-00167438": "singapore another really close partner", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00847-00167439-00167607": "in the region but ultimately as we come", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00848-00167608-00167799": "together to work with them to counter", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00849-00167800-00168054": "some sophisticated nation-state actor", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00850-00168055-00168335": "activity uh in their part of the world", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00851-00168336-00168471": "we're taking the information that they", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00852-00168472-00168614": "have in the information we have and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00853-00168615-00168799": "refusing it and we're using it in the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00854-00168800-00168956": "same way and it's for protection", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00855-00168957-00169071": "[Music]", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00856-00169072-00169254": "danny yeah so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00857-00169255-00169390": "i think one of the one of the things", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00858-00169391-00169590": "that we tend to not touch about at this", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00859-00169591-00169719": "point it's like we're obviously talking", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00860-00169720-00169926": "about regulation as to encourage better", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00861-00169927-00170199": "behavior a lot of times with not going", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00862-00170200-00170399": "against or going against regulations is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00863-00170400-00170638": "a fine and unfortunately that we've not", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00864-00170639-00170895": "seen is to use that financial leverage", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00865-00170896-00171038": "to actually encourage that better", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00866-00171039-00171254": "behavior the fines are usually too low", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00867-00171255-00171438": "um you know whether or not are you going", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00868-00171439-00171575": "to pay out", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00869-00171576-00171775": "to recover from a ransomware attack i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00870-00171776-00171990": "mean obviously like with the pipeline", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00871-00171991-00172175": "you know i made a joke about this on", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00872-00172176-00172254": "twitter", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00873-00172255-00172399": "you suddenly found four and a half", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00874-00172400-00172607": "million dollars to pay the ransom but", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00875-00172608-00172783": "your security team only needed two to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00876-00172784-00172990": "actually secure it why didn't this", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00877-00172991-00173078": "happen", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00878-00173079-00173238": "um and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00879-00173239-00173431": "you know with that as you it's this", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00880-00173432-00173583": "weird perverse incentive like what are", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00881-00173584-00173743": "you gonna chase after the recovery are", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00882-00173744-00173863": "you going to pay for the recovery and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00883-00173864-00174014": "all the things there and take take the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00884-00174015-00174319": "hit there or are you worried about you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00885-00174320-00174447": "know 100 000", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00886-00174448-00174695": "regulation fine uh are you going to keep", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00887-00174696-00174847": "doing the same thing you're doing and i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00888-00174848-00175071": "think also like cyber insurance itself", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00889-00175072-00175231": "which is i consider kind of a bad word", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00890-00175232-00175478": "now and then uh that also you know it's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00891-00175479-00175631": "been used as a mitigation tactic but", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00892-00175632-00175775": "it's also not necessarily been", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00893-00175776-00175959": "encouraging better behavior either i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00894-00175960-00176071": "think there was a story a couple of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00895-00176072-00176254": "years ago about a bank that got like hit", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00896-00176255-00176478": "twice and you know they went to go back", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00897-00176479-00176671": "and get an insurance policy again and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00898-00176672-00176902": "the insurer finally said no but there's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00899-00176903-00177023": "other places that will just be willing", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00900-00177024-00177175": "to take your money and you can keep", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00901-00177176-00177343": "having that bad behavior regardless of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00902-00177344-00177535": "whatever regulations you have on your", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00903-00177536-00177678": "head", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00904-00177679-00177775": "danny", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00905-00177776-00178014": "yeah i i agree with most of that so uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00906-00178015-00178214": "yeah alex i'd prefer a global internet", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00907-00178215-00178543": "by the way as opposed to yeah um i i do", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00908-00178544-00178663": "think one of one of the other things to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00909-00178664-00178831": "consider is sort of the patchwork of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00910-00178832-00179038": "regulations that exist right as you know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00911-00179039-00179231": "be they privacy or cyber security or", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00912-00179232-00179414": "breach disclosure related right i mean", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00913-00179415-00179559": "to operate in certain countries you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00914-00179560-00179743": "today have to obviously uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00915-00179744-00179975": "uh you know commit to uh disclosing", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00916-00179976-00180119": "certain types of incidents at a certain", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00917-00180120-00180271": "time and what constitutes a breach and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00918-00180272-00180471": "what doesn't versus a an incident that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00919-00180472-00180695": "was contained and so uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00920-00180696-00180847": "versus the patchwork of privacy", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00921-00180848-00181078": "regulations as well so i think that uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00922-00181079-00181207": "you know as we find our way through that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00923-00181208-00181335": "it's gonna be a little problematic for a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00924-00181336-00181487": "while and a lot of the cycles and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00925-00181488-00181702": "resources of good security people and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00926-00181703-00181863": "grc people and the like are gonna be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00927-00181864-00182038": "working on that as opposed to more", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00928-00182039-00182183": "security related stuff so i think", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00929-00182184-00182351": "there's a double-edged sword there it's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00930-00182352-00182502": "a really important point that you just", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00931-00182503-00182663": "made and i want to take it one step", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00932-00182664-00182838": "further and share that for instance in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00933-00182839-00183023": "standards we've we've seen i call the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00934-00183024-00183247": "hair dryer effect right so when i used", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00935-00183248-00183478": "to go to europe and i have long hair", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00936-00183479-00183702": "right the hair dryer that i carry", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00937-00183703-00183847": "doesn't work over there right because", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00938-00183848-00183999": "the plugs aren't the same we're very", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00939-00184000-00184359": "simply simple uh example with standards", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00940-00184360-00184575": "now and in automotive for instance in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00941-00184576-00184831": "particular we've worked on a standard", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00942-00184832-00185126": "here in the u.s for cyber security for", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00943-00185127-00185366": "automotive but what happened is we said", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00944-00185367-00185535": "wait a minute what about let's make sure", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00945-00185536-00185735": "that we are consistent with what's going", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00946-00185736-00185959": "on in europe and in japan so now it's an", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00947-00185960-00186302": "iso sae standard right so really", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00948-00186303-00186478": "important i see that shift happening i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00949-00186479-00186663": "think that's really good news", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00950-00186664-00186799": "what um", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00951-00186800-00187038": "you said earlier that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00952-00187039-00187166": "uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00953-00187167-00187359": "the companies care a lot they're getting", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00954-00187360-00187583": "better they just aren't up to the level", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00955-00187584-00187719": "of the threat yet because the threat", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00956-00187720-00187847": "keeps increasing", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00957-00187848-00188199": "is there a wage in in the the narrow", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00958-00188200-00188438": "in your narrow sector what would it take", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00959-00188439-00188614": "to get them up to the level of the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00960-00188615-00188823": "threat and is what should government do", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00961-00188824-00188959": "what does industry have to do how do you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00962-00188960-00189166": "get there oh i think there's a multitude", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00963-00189167-00189319": "of activities a lot of which we've", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00964-00189320-00189487": "already discussed here but clearly", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00965-00189488-00189807": "education and awareness is job one", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00966-00189808-00190014": "understanding what it means", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00967-00190015-00190214": "and what you can do about it take skills", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00968-00190215-00190431": "and those skills may not actually reside", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00969-00190432-00190647": "in those companies and we all know that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00970-00190648-00190807": "we have a workforce challenge right so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00971-00190808-00190975": "workforce development has to be an", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00972-00190976-00191231": "element in there um and then it's also", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00973-00191232-00191463": "having it as a scorecard on the ceo we", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00974-00191464-00191678": "talk a lot about that in the past i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00975-00191679-00191863": "think they get it now right there's been", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00976-00191864-00192143": "enough activities enough blowout from", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00977-00192144-00192423": "many other incidences where people", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00978-00192424-00192590": "in corporations of course have lost", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00979-00192591-00192766": "their jobs because of poor cyber", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00980-00192767-00192887": "security", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00981-00192888-00193143": "yet we we still can't blame them as", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00982-00193144-00193326": "being the victim only we also have to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00983-00193327-00193583": "recognize there is an additional", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00984-00193584-00193823": "investment that we must make uh to help", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00985-00193824-00194102": "them get over the hurdles of and and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00986-00194103-00194247": "staying up with what i call very", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00987-00194248-00194502": "asymmetric and emerging threat", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00988-00194503-00194854": "and i would just also say too is that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00989-00194855-00195054": "building up that institutional knowledge", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00990-00195055-00195278": "and building up the know-how to secure", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00991-00195279-00195566": "these networks is non-trivial right and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00992-00195567-00195735": "right now we have", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00993-00195736-00195871": "quite a bit of institutional knowledge", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00994-00195872-00196166": "on say i.t security but ics security is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00995-00196167-00196375": "usually much different and also can be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00996-00196376-00196511": "very very", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00997-00196512-00196790": "sector specific and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00998-00196791-00197071": "and some sectors have better ideas of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-00999-00197072-00197302": "how to secure", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01000-00197303-00197526": "their systems than others", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01001-00197527-00197783": "and some are still very nasty and that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01002-00197784-00198063": "takes time to build up and you also need", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01003-00198064-00198271": "people who know how to do those things", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01004-00198272-00198399": "and can actually implement them", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01005-00198400-00198566": "effectively so to your point earlier", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01006-00198567-00198750": "like oh you know it could you know just", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01007-00198751-00198902": "cost you two million dollars to secure", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01008-00198903-00199135": "your networks that's like probably true", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01009-00199136-00199287": "but you also need the people who know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01010-00199288-00199438": "how to do that and if it's you know a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01011-00199439-00199590": "business network you can find those", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01012-00199591-00199943": "people ics networks more complicated", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01013-00199944-00200135": "excellent point i would probably plug", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01014-00200136-00200271": "one more i think some of the work like", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01015-00200272-00200519": "this cyber security framework the cis", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01016-00200520-00200654": "control sets understanding what's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01017-00200655-00200847": "relevant in your environment is is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01018-00200848-00200966": "important but then you've got to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01019-00200967-00201143": "operationalize and put sustainability", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01020-00201144-00201366": "and sustainable capability in place to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01021-00201367-00201575": "keep that going so and then the other", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01022-00201576-00201750": "things like the uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01023-00201751-00201911": "the nist work or the nti work on", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01024-00201912-00202071": "software billing materials i know it's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01025-00202072-00202207": "something a few folks up here have been", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01026-00202208-00202375": "involved with for supply chain integrity", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01027-00202376-00202526": "that kind of thing i think those are all", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01028-00202527-00202735": "moving the needle but i'm not sure it's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01029-00202736-00202871": "quite fast enough", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01030-00202872-00203071": "yeah i think you know if any of you are", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01031-00203072-00203175": "obviously out there individual", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01032-00203176-00203350": "contributors doing thread intel and so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01033-00203351-00203535": "forth like you know you definitely know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01034-00203536-00203743": "when you've finally gotten", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01035-00203744-00204023": "a feed or whatever that has proven to be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01036-00204024-00204247": "absolutely useless you lose trust in it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01037-00204248-00204423": "so anything that's regarding information", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01038-00204424-00204759": "sharing requires a consistent quality", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01039-00204760-00204903": "a trust model that's built up around", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01040-00204904-00205023": "that and i don't think we've gotten", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01041-00205023-00205182": "anything that we can just consistently", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01042-00205183-00205438": "rely on uh then we get in these informal", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01043-00205439-00205614": "networks which then you know require", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01044-00205615-00205798": "more and more coordination and i think", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01045-00205800-00205951": "that's that's our challenge is to to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01046-00205952-00206166": "have high quality trusted information", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01047-00206167-00206438": "that is is constantly reliable to help", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01048-00206439-00206598": "with those emerging threats as well as", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01049-00206600-00206766": "just be able to kind of understand where", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01050-00206767-00206990": "we stand uh you know in our landscape", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01051-00206991-00207255": "where we are in time and and so forth", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01052-00207256-00207423": "how is government doing on information", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01053-00207423-00207631": "sharing there was a law in 2015 they", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01054-00207632-00207790": "were going to share all this information", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01055-00207791-00208023": "how did that go", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01056-00208023-00208134": "different type of information i'll say", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01057-00208135-00208423": "they do pretty good but", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01058-00208423-00208582": "well as somebody who did the markup on", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01059-00208583-00208766": "that when i was at the white house uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01060-00208767-00208927": "one of the problems was is that when you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01061-00208928-00209086": "know when it when the original draft in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01062-00209087-00209358": "2014 came down from the hill it really", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01063-00209359-00209542": "didn't reflect the kind of mechanics uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01064-00209544-00209742": "required for information sharing it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01065-00209744-00209975": "still kind of doesn't um there there's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01066-00209976-00210134": "there's still some holes in the law that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01067-00210135-00210287": "i've pointed out to dhs lawyers in the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01068-00210288-00210527": "past um regarding liability even though", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01069-00210528-00210775": "they have a big uh you know big", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01070-00210776-00211046": "strength for that but um you know again", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01071-00211048-00211231": "it's it's a loose framework i mean that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01072-00211232-00211391": "the weird thing was is that i eventually", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01073-00211392-00211582": "moved over to treasury and they couldn't", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01074-00211583-00211782": "really kind of convince agencies to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01075-00211783-00211879": "become part of it because they just", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01076-00211880-00212055": "didn't have a standard they didn't have", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01077-00212056-00212263": "a really easy flowable method and and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01078-00212264-00212423": "none of the agencies trusted one another", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01079-00212423-00212534": "which is really bizarre within the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01080-00212535-00212687": "federal government", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01081-00212688-00212806": "totally unheard of who would think who", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01082-00212807-00213079": "would think no that's not bizarre", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01083-00213080-00213206": "just on the information sharing side i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01084-00213207-00213398": "mean everyone here probably realized", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01085-00213400-00213534": "that there's quite quite a lot of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01086-00213535-00213710": "informal information exchange that we", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01087-00213711-00213927": "all rely upon and the challenge has been", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01088-00213928-00214103": "in 2015 with the cyber information", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01089-00214104-00214319": "sharing act and trying to establish to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01090-00214319-00214494": "see sows and similars trying to find a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01091-00214496-00214767": "way to basically protect those networks", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01092-00214767-00214967": "at the same time not kill them and i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01093-00214967-00215182": "don't know how far or how successful the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01094-00215183-00215391": "effort has been in the u.s and some of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01095-00215392-00215527": "the stuff that happens and one of the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01096-00215528-00215646": "big challenges has always been for", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01097-00215648-00215839": "instance in the us is how do you share", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01098-00215840-00216023": "classified information to non-cleared", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01099-00216023-00216231": "individuals and how do you get out of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01100-00216232-00216398": "that bubble easily especially in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01101-00216400-00216598": "emergency and that's the flexibility", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01102-00216600-00216806": "that some of the european countries have", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01103-00216807-00216951": "in dealing with those issues is a real", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01104-00216952-00217094": "advantage probably because it's so much", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01105-00217096-00217263": "smaller right like for instance in the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01106-00217264-00217494": "netherlands 15 million people they have", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01107-00217496-00217727": "like a cyber security council that that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01108-00217728-00217951": "basically includes ceos of some of the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01109-00217952-00218134": "major companies universities technical", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01110-00218135-00218367": "researchers and in a major", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01111-00218367-00218558": "emergency they can advise", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01112-00218559-00218703": "the national crisis management but", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01113-00218704-00218894": "they're also an open access point for", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01114-00218896-00219031": "hackers literally people who have no", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01115-00219032-00219206": "connection to anything who can basically", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01116-00219207-00219351": "say hey i found this really great", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01117-00219352-00219534": "exploit hey i have something you really", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01118-00219535-00219719": "need right now and they can basically", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01119-00219719-00219927": "use these informal networks in a formal", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01120-00219928-00220119": "way and that kind of challenge how do", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01121-00220119-00220294": "you really take the benefit of these", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01122-00220296-00220503": "informal networks and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01123-00220504-00220694": "don't kill them with undue legal", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01124-00220696-00220903": "obligations or scrutiny or whatnot i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01125-00220904-00221039": "think it's the big challenge that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01126-00221040-00221239": "everyone faces yeah we don't have a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01127-00221240-00221382": "national break glass in case of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01128-00221383-00221606": "emergency type kind of protocol um just", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01129-00221607-00221758": "more or less it's like spin up whoever", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01130-00221759-00221919": "you know and get on the phone or email", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01131-00221919-00222142": "or discord or wherever", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01132-00222144-00222423": "so i i do believe this is yeah i mean", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01133-00222423-00222575": "i'm sorry it's gonna pull on and say i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01134-00222576-00222751": "think some of the sharing from that i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01135-00222752-00222919": "guess if i wasn't working probably frame", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01136-00222919-00223191": "is less bad", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01137-00223192-00223342": "but uh it's actually you know some of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01138-00223344-00223487": "the targeted intel some of the threat", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01139-00223488-00223710": "indicators some of the primitives on on", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01140-00223711-00223887": "controls that you can deploy to mitigate", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01141-00223888-00224031": "say propagation ransomware in an", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01142-00224032-00224231": "environment or something like that that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01143-00224232-00224382": "they're putting a lot more information", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01144-00224383-00224558": "out there than they did traditionally", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01145-00224559-00224710": "and yeah i think there's still work to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01146-00224711-00224855": "be done and you know there's certainly", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01147-00224856-00225167": "uh you know a long long tail on the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01148-00225167-00225310": "capabilities of people to consume that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01149-00225311-00225527": "even in critical infrastructure but i i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01150-00225528-00225775": "do think that it's uh it's it's uh less", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01151-00225776-00225934": "bad yeah", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01152-00225935-00226119": "if i could jump into it i apologize i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01153-00226119-00226294": "lost uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01154-00226296-00226606": "i lost audio for a minute here um so i'm", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01155-00226607-00226758": "assuming it was just tons of compliments", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01156-00226759-00226910": "of how great the government's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01157-00226911-00227087": "for the last decade", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01158-00227088-00227334": "and more but from my perspective you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01159-00227335-00227503": "know i sows were a creative solution", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01160-00227504-00227727": "there's no one size fits all", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01161-00227728-00227910": "certainly one thing the government can", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01162-00227911-00228079": "continue to do better is how do we", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01163-00228080-00228303": "operationalize sometimes very classified", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01164-00228304-00228542": "information into mitigation guidance and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01165-00228544-00228855": "useful information that non-cleared", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01166-00228856-00229055": "partners can use a lot of what we're", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01167-00229056-00229198": "seeing you know we understand thread", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01168-00229200-00229319": "activity better with classified", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01169-00229319-00229487": "information but you don't need that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01170-00229488-00229694": "classified nuance to take action and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01171-00229696-00229894": "that's really the role that we play it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01172-00229896-00230063": "says then that we're trying to continue", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01173-00230064-00230271": "to optimize over time and with the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01174-00230271-00230503": "establishment of this new capability the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01175-00230504-00230758": "jcdc that it's really intended to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01176-00230759-00230919": "address the gap that we're all talking", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01177-00230919-00231110": "about what's the break class protocol", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01178-00231111-00231263": "what's the planning we have in place", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01179-00231264-00231431": "when another solar lens happens or a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01180-00231432-00231679": "microsoft exchange vulnerability um", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01181-00231680-00231806": "occurs or", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01182-00231807-00231919": "you know one of the many things that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01183-00231919-00232055": "have happened this year the ransomware", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01184-00232056-00232279": "incidents that continue to to multiply", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01185-00232280-00232391": "over time", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01186-00232392-00232679": "so we have some of that methodology and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01187-00232680-00232839": "doctrine in place from a us government", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01188-00232840-00233063": "perspective but there's opportunity to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01189-00233064-00233239": "grow it and systematize it and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01190-00233240-00233398": "standardize it and make it easier for", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01191-00233400-00233575": "industry and others to work as part of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01192-00233576-00233782": "that framework so let's tie together", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01193-00233783-00233934": "some of the policy that exists from the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01194-00233935-00234175": "white house let's explore potential new", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01195-00234176-00234367": "regulatory approaches and let's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01196-00234367-00234639": "implement a unified way to do planning", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01197-00234640-00234879": "to address these types of scenarios so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01198-00234880-00235063": "when when we have the next big cyber", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01199-00235064-00235294": "emergency or even just a baseline for", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01200-00235296-00235487": "dealing with regular threat activity how", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01201-00235488-00235655": "do we optimize the and implement the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01202-00235656-00235791": "lessons learned that we're all talking", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01203-00235792-00236023": "about but clayton can you um run through", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01204-00236023-00236246": "us in a little more detail what the jcdc", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01205-00236248-00236406": "is gonna do is it gonna are you guys", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01206-00236407-00236582": "gonna all get together once a week once", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01207-00236583-00236806": "a month is it gonna be a chat room like", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01208-00236807-00237006": "how does this work", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01209-00237007-00237142": "i'm certainly hoping for at least a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01210-00237144-00237334": "coffee bar but we're still working out", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01211-00237335-00237519": "those details um", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01212-00237519-00237775": "you know the jcdc is really kind of the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01213-00237776-00237927": "culmination of a lot of the public", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01214-00237928-00238071": "private collaboration that we've already", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01215-00238071-00238198": "had", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01216-00238200-00238351": "for several years", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01217-00238352-00238598": "and really bringing together sort of two", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01218-00238600-00238855": "different public private collaboration", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01219-00238856-00239142": "pieces one is this systematic approach", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01220-00239144-00239367": "to addressing risk that will be informed", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01221-00239367-00239591": "by all of our partner sets through joint", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01222-00239592-00239727": "cyber planning", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01223-00239728-00239823": "and that's kind of what i was just", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01224-00239823-00239934": "talking about that's something that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01225-00239935-00240119": "we've done through elections as you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01226-00240119-00240239": "mentioned earlier that's one of the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01227-00240240-00240423": "reasons we we found so much success", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01228-00240423-00240503": "there", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01229-00240504-00240646": "and then it's fusing it with our", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01230-00240648-00240855": "real-time operational cooperation and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01231-00240856-00241079": "information sharing so we have a number", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01232-00241080-00241255": "of channels in place with different", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01233-00241256-00241503": "partners how do we enrich all of our", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01234-00241504-00241710": "partner our partnership work bringing", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01235-00241711-00241934": "together those channels with this uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01236-00241935-00242087": "with this whole of government approach", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01237-00242088-00242279": "to different national critical functions", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01238-00242280-00242655": "for example so this so the gcdc provides", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01239-00242656-00242855": "a framework so we can work closely with", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01240-00242856-00242998": "the intelligence community and our", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01241-00243000-00243182": "department of defense partners sector", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01242-00243183-00243319": "risk management agencies will all be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01243-00243319-00243527": "part of this bringing in industry", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01244-00243528-00243719": "bringing in state and locals", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01245-00243719-00243887": "and bringing international partners all", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01246-00243888-00244071": "into a common and transparent", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01247-00244071-00244271": "understanding of the priorities that the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01248-00244271-00244510": "us government has when it comes to cyber", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01249-00244511-00244703": "risk um so i'm going to call for", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01250-00244704-00244855": "audience questions in just a minute but", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01251-00244856-00245039": "you wanted to talk emily about the cyber", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01252-00245040-00245151": "ntsb", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01253-00245152-00245342": "yeah so you know kind of what clayton", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01254-00245344-00245430": "mentioned a little bit on the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01255-00245431-00245558": "coordination stuff and this was", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01256-00245559-00245710": "mentioned in the executive order as well", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01257-00245711-00245894": "i forget the actual term they've used", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01258-00245896-00246087": "but it was there was some work done with", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01259-00246088-00246406": "nsf and the the welfare center um in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01260-00246407-00246646": "regards to cyber ntsb basically", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01261-00246648-00246798": "uh like your national transportation", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01262-00246800-00247063": "safety board after action reports a lot", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01263-00247064-00247198": "of the discussions there you know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01264-00247200-00247294": "especially we're talking about", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01265-00247296-00247567": "collaboration is is a learning model um", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01266-00247567-00247751": "you know like how boeing would learn", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01267-00247752-00247934": "from their their mistakes or airbus or", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01268-00247935-00248142": "whomever you know with a crash or some", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01269-00248144-00248319": "other mechanical issue but on the cyber", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01270-00248319-00248527": "side of the house is to make it so that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01271-00248528-00248687": "people are more willing to kind of share", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01272-00248688-00248815": "that background information the more", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01273-00248816-00249006": "detailed information and then help the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01274-00249007-00249191": "community or the industry or the sector", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01275-00249192-00249351": "as a whole", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01276-00249352-00249519": "one of the big discussions among the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01277-00249519-00249727": "working group was to not have this be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01278-00249728-00249879": "punitive a lot of times if you're going", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01279-00249880-00250046": "to have it run by a particular", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01280-00250048-00250215": "government agency you're afraid that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01281-00250216-00250375": "they're going to knock at the door it's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01282-00250376-00250510": "going to be tied to a regulation they're", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01283-00250511-00250639": "going to find you you're not going to be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01284-00250640-00250791": "willing to share information cyber and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01285-00250792-00250910": "tsp was", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01286-00250911-00251182": "kind of of the idea of just please share", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01287-00251183-00251358": "it so that we all kind of rate you know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01288-00251359-00251567": "the rising tide raises all boats with", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01289-00251567-00251775": "our knowledge and awareness and you know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01290-00251776-00251910": "that was one of the really kind of cool", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01291-00251911-00252030": "things i thought was coming out of the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01292-00252031-00252175": "cyberio and i definitely think could be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01293-00252176-00252319": "piloted a lot by the critical", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01294-00252319-00252558": "infrastructure sectors and uh ice acts", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01295-00252559-00252830": "just uh idea because um i just wanted to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01296-00252831-00253006": "give another example of something we did", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01297-00253007-00253263": "in aviation along those lines we did", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01298-00253264-00253479": "something on safety we worked with mitre", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01299-00253480-00253742": "as a third party anonymizer of the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01300-00253744-00253958": "safety breaches that folks would see", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01301-00253959-00254182": "just in a normal day say in a normal", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01302-00254183-00254479": "operations day and that allowed", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01303-00254480-00254775": "the both both folks like boeing as well", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01304-00254776-00254998": "as the airlines to address those safety", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01305-00255000-00255094": "issues", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01306-00255096-00255375": "without penalty and with that came a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01307-00255376-00255558": "reduction literally a reduction of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01308-00255559-00255767": "safety incidences in the industry so it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01309-00255767-00255958": "really makes a difference and you asked", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01310-00255959-00256119": "at the beginning you know why are there", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01311-00256119-00256287": "still ransomware attacks and i think", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01312-00256288-00256542": "that if our approaches", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01313-00256544-00256719": "no more like there will never be any", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01314-00256719-00256942": "more ransomware attacks in the near term", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01315-00256944-00257142": "is just completely unrealistic and sets", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01316-00257144-00257471": "up a sort of sisyphean challenge and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01317-00257471-00257710": "you know it you want people to feel as", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01318-00257711-00258127": "though they can make reasonable uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01319-00258128-00258367": "gains in this area and and that it's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01320-00258367-00258591": "okay if they get", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01321-00258592-00258782": "if they get hacked there are", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01322-00258783-00259087": "processes to handle that so you know an", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01323-00259088-00259334": "iterative approach i think is more more", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01324-00259335-00259455": "necessary", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01325-00259456-00259567": "you don't want sister to face a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01326-00259567-00259846": "sisyphean challenge", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01327-00259848-00259998": "pun intended", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01328-00260000-00260230": "uh audience questions anyone", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01329-00260231-00260455": "uh straight back there and i'll repeat", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01330-00260456-00260575": "it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01331-00260576-00260734": "yeah you you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01332-00260735-00260927": "the hat", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01333-00260928-00261023": "i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01334-00261023-00261319": "i really liked the european", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01335-00261319-00261998": "notion of the uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01336-00262000-00262167": "uh applied to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01337-00262168-00262406": "firms that had failed", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01338-00262407-00262647": "processors that is that they could be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01339-00262648-00262910": "hidden but if their process stopped then", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01340-00262911-00263103": "they could face the bond and then the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01341-00263104-00263271": "process wasn't good", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01342-00263272-00263439": "they might", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01343-00263440-00263815": "and this allowed them to quantify", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01344-00263816-00264039": "the level of uh activity that you're", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01345-00264040-00264295": "going to have on the credible", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01346-00264296-00265863": "as well as became proportionate", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01347-00265864-00266023": "that's kind of weird but you know in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01348-00266024-00266295": "terms of lives", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01349-00266296-00266503": "percent of revenue", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01350-00266504-00266606": "uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01351-00266607-00266799": "sensitive data", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01352-00266800-00267110": "okay i think i get it so the question is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01353-00267111-00267310": "if we're going to have a model like the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01354-00267311-00267447": "europeans do", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01355-00267448-00267534": "where", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01356-00267535-00267743": "the bad things you do equate to the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01357-00267744-00267879": "fines you pay", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01358-00267880-00268103": "how do we get into that and are we", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01359-00268104-00268303": "looking at the amount of money you lost", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01360-00268304-00268495": "the amount of data you lost whether it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01361-00268496-00268758": "affected people's lives et cetera alex", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01362-00268759-00268919": "you want to take a couple hours all", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01363-00268920-00269063": "right do you want to take a couple of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01364-00269064-00269206": "questions all right finally", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01365-00269207-00269406": "yeah just really quickly the two percent", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01366-00269407-00269695": "is the maximum that you know of revenue", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01367-00269696-00269887": "maximum fine that you would pay but the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01368-00269888-00270175": "basic notion is is simply gross", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01369-00270176-00270382": "negligence so it doesn't actually say", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01370-00270383-00270551": "how good you are it just says you were", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01371-00270552-00270806": "terrible if you were terrible then you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01372-00270807-00270975": "have to pay no one's going to go at this", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01373-00270976-00271167": "stage and say you're good you're medium", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01374-00271168-00271367": "good the next step in this journey was", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01375-00271368-00271575": "to basically talk about insurance levels", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01376-00271576-00271734": "and they now are defining three", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01377-00271735-00271934": "assurance levels so you have to it's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01378-00271935-00272110": "terrible depending upon the assurance", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01379-00272111-00272279": "level that you're in for that service", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01380-00272280-00272551": "right and the step after that will be", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01381-00272552-00272710": "even more interesting the second point", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01382-00272711-00272975": "is that you address in terms of of how", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01383-00272976-00273255": "damage is sometimes calculated all cip", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01384-00273256-00273382": "programs that i've looked at and i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01385-00273383-00273510": "looked at the ones in the us and most of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01386-00273511-00273703": "the ones in europe they all have that in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01387-00273704-00273871": "terms of what is bad you know is it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01388-00273872-00274127": "costs in terms of utilities and damage", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01389-00274128-00274223": "and loss", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01390-00274224-00274479": "those might play a role in trying to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01391-00274480-00274695": "figure out the punishment or how badly", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01392-00274696-00274895": "the company has performed the problem is", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01393-00274896-00275030": "a lot of that information including the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01394-00275031-00275223": "us as far as i know is classified so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01395-00275224-00275399": "they probably wouldn't be able to use it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01396-00275400-00275543": "in a court setting when trying to figure", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01397-00275544-00275751": "out how much how much did you screw up", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01398-00275752-00277084": "exactly", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01399-00277085-00277223": "[Music]", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01400-00277224-00277343": "okay so um", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01401-00277344-00277575": "right nearest me with the big hand high", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01402-00277576-00277703": "up", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01403-00277704-00277910": "uh make it real", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01404-00277911-00278555": "[Music]", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01405-00278556-00278799": "quick there's a lot of great programs", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01406-00278800-00278958": "like gridx", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01407-00278959-00279143": "there's things like uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01408-00279144-00279343": "you know army cyberfield", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01409-00279344-00279479": "but a lot of these people don't know", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01410-00279480-00279567": "that they have an opportunity to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01411-00279568-00279767": "participate in that and so the federal", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01412-00279768-00280047": "government's invested heavily in those", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01413-00280048-00280182": "types of training opportunities to your", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01414-00280183-00280343": "point about the ice accident", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01415-00280344-00280599": "great ice acts but not always the right", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01416-00280600-00280830": "people in non-technical leadership", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01417-00280831-00281079": "participating in the ice to get exposure", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01418-00281080-00281279": "to these types of situations how can", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01419-00281280-00281510": "government do better to improve the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01420-00281511-00281751": "investments that they're making in uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01421-00281752-00281967": "national level exercises and get people", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01422-00281968-00282143": "through those events to do lessons", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01423-00282144-00282343": "learned get them here to things like", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01424-00282344-00282423": "that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01425-00282424-00282575": "because they're not here there's some", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01426-00282576-00282751": "people here but the people that need to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01427-00282752-00282975": "be here that make those changes they", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01428-00282976-00283143": "don't have exposure to this type of", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01429-00283144-00283319": "level of information clayton do you want", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01430-00283320-00283455": "to do that you're not here although", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01431-00283456-00283575": "there's a good reason this year so we", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01432-00283576-00283855": "won't blame you for it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01433-00283856-00284047": "uh i i can't hear the question otherwise", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01434-00284048-00284206": "oh yeah i'm sorry about that so the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01435-00284207-00284382": "issue is there are good things the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01436-00284383-00284543": "government puts together the grid x", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01437-00284544-00284775": "exercise there's a whole bunch of um", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01438-00284776-00285015": "cyber storm exercise things like that a", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01439-00285016-00285151": "lot of people don't know about them the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01440-00285152-00285399": "right people aren't there etc how do you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01441-00285400-00285575": "get industry and government actually", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01442-00285576-00285782": "meeting together effectively is that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01443-00285783-00285975": "sure", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01444-00285976-00286127": "yeah i think it's a huge challenge i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01445-00286128-00286279": "think it's i mean honestly it's it's", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01446-00286280-00286510": "forums like this um you know one of the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01447-00286511-00286663": "things we have to do is make sure that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01448-00286664-00286782": "we're talking to the right people who", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01449-00286783-00286951": "are talking to the right people getting", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01450-00286952-00287158": "in the right communities of trust", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01451-00287159-00287375": "and leveraging the right channels i", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01452-00287376-00287487": "think again", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01453-00287488-00287599": "not to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01454-00287600-00287863": "not to get another plug-in for the jcbc", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01455-00287864-00288006": "but that is that is really what we're", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01456-00288007-00288143": "attempting to do with this new", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01457-00288144-00288423": "capability um and sort of fuse together", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01458-00288424-00288599": "a lot of what the us government has in", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01459-00288600-00288871": "different pockets in a holistic way so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01460-00288872-00289030": "that's a messaging opportunity and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01461-00289031-00289158": "challenge for us", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01462-00289159-00289319": "but we really want to work with and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01463-00289320-00289487": "through industry to bring in partners we", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01464-00289488-00289647": "might not be reaching yet", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01465-00289648-00289775": "i wanted to jump back quickly to", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01466-00289776-00289927": "something amelie brought up cyber", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01467-00289928-00290134": "insurance why didn't that work like back", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01468-00290135-00290319": "in 2014 when i was first covering this", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01469-00290320-00290510": "stuff everyone said oh eventually the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01470-00290511-00290782": "insurers will develop models and they'll", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01471-00290783-00290982": "have all their metrics and their data", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01472-00290983-00291182": "and they will require you to have", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01473-00291183-00291334": "sufficient protections before they write", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01474-00291335-00291495": "the policy and it'll be just like fire", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01475-00291496-00291671": "insurance and it'll be great and it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01476-00291672-00291823": "seems that hasn't happened what went", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01477-00291824-00292254": "wrong asymmetric emerging threat", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01478-00292255-00292367": "okay", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01479-00292368-00292534": "yeah they did", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01480-00292535-00292679": "you know as you know part of the cyber", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01481-00292680-00292839": "intensity we did have some moderators on", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01482-00292840-00293063": "and it is extremely complex as you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01483-00293064-00293239": "mentioned the emerging threats", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01484-00293240-00293423": "you're constantly having to update uh", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01485-00293424-00293695": "your actuarial models and so forth uh as", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01486-00293696-00293887": "much what perry mentioned you know we", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01487-00293888-00294071": "have every every industry has a little", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01488-00294072-00294279": "bit of boutiqueness to themselves within", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01489-00294280-00294495": "there so it's really challenging to kind", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01490-00294496-00294710": "of write you know a new life insurance", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01491-00294711-00294919": "policy for your business or organization", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01492-00294920-00295199": "uh because it changes all the time um so", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01493-00295200-00295375": "yeah it's it", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01494-00295376-00295606": "it can work it's just we there's you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01495-00295607-00295782": "just can't keep up the speed it takes", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01496-00295783-00295943": "time i mean if you look at the fire", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01497-00295944-00296119": "industry that's where insurance started", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01498-00296120-00296287": "right chicago whatever it was the", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01499-00296288-00296519": "beginning of fires and so forth and", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01500-00296520-00296695": "initially they didn't have all the fire", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01501-00296696-00296895": "regulation that they have today", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01502-00296896-00297039": "right but now we all have to have", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01503-00297040-00297271": "whatever the fire extinguishers in that", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01504-00297272-00297503": "that took 100 years", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01505-00297504-00297758": "so you know and fire doesn't really you", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01506-00297759-00298006": "know change its fire it burns things", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01507-00298007-00298271": "exactly it depends on the fuel though", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01508-00298272-00298439": "cystic can take on a promethean", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01509-00298440-00298630": "challenge i suppose", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01510-00298631-00298839": "um and on that thank you everyone for", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01511-00298840-00298943": "joining", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01512-00298944-00299382": "thanks for the panel", "z_ld_Fk7nzM-01513-00299383-00299707": "thank you"}}, {"audio_id": "z_DzmgR2DlE", "text": {"z_DzmgR2DlE-00000-00000239-00000390": "hello my name is francesco and i'm a", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00001-00000391-00000534": "research associate in statistics and", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00002-00000535-00000678": "imperial college in london", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00003-00000679-00000823": "today i would like to present a paper", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00004-00000824-00000975": "that was completed as part of a summer", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00005-00000976-00001143": "internship with spotify tech research", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00006-00001144-00001239": "last summer", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00007-00001240-00001439": "recent work with lucas maestro dimitri", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00008-00001440-00001718": "moore aston anderson ammonia llamas", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00009-00001719-00001879": "in this work i represent the preference", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00010-00001880-00002110": "decision model called ptm", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00011-00002111-00002287": "an interpretable statistical dynamic", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00012-00002288-00002639": "model for user preferences", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00013-00002640-00002839": "dandelion idea is simple most", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00014-00002840-00003031": "recommended systems i tend to capture", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00015-00003032-00003199": "simultaneous preferences", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00016-00003200-00003590": "so users like a tend to like b as well", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00017-00003592-00003775": "it has been studied the recommended", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00018-00003776-00003943": "systems are very", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00019-00003944-00004095": "effective at exploiting career", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00020-00004096-00004295": "preferences but might be less efficient", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00021-00004296-00004519": "at exploring the music space", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00022-00004520-00004670": "in particular it has been studied the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00023-00004671-00004847": "recommender systems might tend to", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00024-00004848-00005054": "isolate users into filter bubbles", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00025-00005055-00005270": "of the item space we can think about", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00026-00005271-00005454": "those as the little islands in the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00027-00005455-00005615": "picture corresponding to genres for", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00028-00005616-00005679": "example", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00029-00005680-00005934": "the user might like an island a lot the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00030-00005935-00006006": "user", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00031-00006007-00006175": "that they recommend the system exploring", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00032-00006176-00006311": "it very thoroughly", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00033-00006312-00006495": "but also other islands that the user", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00034-00006495-00006695": "might like", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00035-00006695-00006910": "it has been studied also the diversity", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00036-00006911-00007087": "in consumption is particularly", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00037-00007088-00007310": "important in web services since it is", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00038-00007311-00007487": "positively associated with metrics that", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00039-00007488-00007631": "are for example like retention", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00040-00007631-00007823": "and conversion so we'd like to find a", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00041-00007823-00007959": "way", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00042-00007959-00008142": "to help the user move around those", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00043-00008143-00008327": "little islands or filter bubbles in a", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00044-00008328-00008678": "very meaningful way", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00045-00008679-00008999": "so the underlying idea is that user", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00046-00009000-00009087": "consumptions", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00047-00009088-00009310": "change over time so using the example of", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00048-00009311-00009503": "the music streaming service a user might", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00049-00009504-00009695": "like pop but then they gradually", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00050-00009696-00010031": "shift towards nd over time for example", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00051-00010032-00010263": "so we would like to understand if it's", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00052-00010264-00010423": "possible to learn an underlying", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00053-00010424-00010638": "structure for those transitions", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00054-00010639-00010887": "and in such a way we would like to find", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00055-00010888-00011031": "a", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00056-00011032-00011231": "technique to help the user move around", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00057-00011232-00011406": "those little islands of philton bubble", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00058-00011407-00011751": "in a meaningful way", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00059-00011752-00011991": "so a research question is very simple", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00060-00011992-00012142": "how well does preference for", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00061-00012143-00012374": "the item a at time t for the preference", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00062-00012375-00012519": "of time of item b", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00063-00012520-00012846": "at time t plus one our proposal the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00064-00012847-00013022": "preference transition model ptm", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00065-00013023-00013679": "tries to address exactly this problem", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00066-00013680-00014030": "a wike is related to a lot of different", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00067-00014031-00014222": "fields in particular the two most", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00068-00014223-00014422": "relevant dynamic collaborative filtering", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00069-00014423-00014607": "for example dynamic matrix factorization", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00070-00014608-00014807": "methods or tensor based approaches or", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00071-00014808-00014999": "sequential recommended systems", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00072-00015000-00015158": "in this work in particular we focus on", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00073-00015159-00015366": "obtaining interpretable insights on how", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00074-00015368-00015503": "user preferences change", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00075-00015504-00015758": "in the long term not within a single", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00076-00015759-00015950": "listening sequence but", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00077-00015951-00016255": "within a large time frame", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00078-00016256-00016471": "also this work might be related to as i", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00079-00016472-00016647": "mentioned before diversity recommended", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00080-00016648-00016847": "systems and from a more statistical", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00081-00016848-00016967": "point of view estimation of", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00082-00016968-00017119": "relationships between motivated", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00083-00017120-00017407": "processes", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00084-00017408-00017550": "for this presentation i will use a", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00085-00017551-00017727": "running example from a music streaming", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00086-00017728-00017822": "application", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00087-00017823-00018103": "which is of course spotify so spotify", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00088-00018104-00018335": "gives a micro gyro to each track", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00089-00018336-00018503": "and there are more than four thousand of", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00090-00018504-00018686": "those micro genres some as you can see", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00091-00018687-00018839": "in the picture are very generic for", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00092-00018840-00018991": "example dense path", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00093-00018992-00019230": "other uh really specific like for", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00094-00019231-00019463": "example burger new wave", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00095-00019464-00019607": "and using the micro genres we can", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00096-00019608-00019814": "construct a data set", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00097-00019815-00020103": "of longitudinal consumption traces in", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00098-00020104-00020367": "particular we sample 100 000 uk", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00099-00020368-00020511": "premium subscribers they were", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00100-00020512-00020694": "consistently active in the last five", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00101-00020695-00020758": "years", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00102-00020759-00021030": "and for each user microgenre pair we", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00103-00021031-00021222": "took the total number of streams for the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00104-00021223-00021407": "specific genre and aggregated per", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00105-00021408-00021494": "quarter", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00106-00021495-00021678": "it gives us a sequence of matrices of", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00107-00021679-00021830": "counts that we use", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00108-00021831-00021975": "that will be used to estimate", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00109-00021976-00022478": "trajectories between music genres", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00110-00022479-00022671": "now you might ask yourself is it really", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00111-00022672-00022855": "true that user consumption", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00112-00022856-00023078": "shifts over the years well with this", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00113-00023079-00023239": "picture i try to demonstrate that this", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00114-00023240-00023311": "is the case", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00115-00023312-00023486": "so for each user we measure the total", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00116-00023487-00023655": "variation distance between the streams", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00117-00023656-00023927": "in quarter 1 2016 and the future periods", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00118-00023928-00024071": "and plot the histogram for all the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00119-00024072-00024263": "future periods so", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00120-00024264-00024439": "uh just to remind you the total", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00121-00024440-00024575": "variation is the uh", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00122-00024576-00024742": "statistical measure of difference", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00123-00024743-00024935": "between two probability distributions if", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00124-00024936-00025086": "the total variation is zero then that", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00125-00025087-00025207": "means that the distributions are", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00126-00025208-00025399": "identical if the total variation is one", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00127-00025400-00025550": "then the distributions are completely", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00128-00025551-00025734": "different so if the average of the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00129-00025735-00025950": "histogram is towards the left so towards", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00130-00025951-00025999": "zero", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00131-00026000-00026174": "then that means that the streaming", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00132-00026175-00026302": "habits uh", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00133-00026304-00026487": "between the two time periods are similar", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00134-00026488-00026670": "whereas if the mean of the distribution", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00135-00026672-00026855": "is towards the right of the plot so", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00136-00026856-00026935": "towards one", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00137-00026936-00027127": "that means that the distributions have", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00138-00027127-00027367": "changed so clearly the variation on", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00139-00027368-00027543": "average increases over the years", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00140-00027544-00027790": "showing the users consumptions in q2", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00141-00027791-00027983": "2020 has evolved a lot compared to", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00142-00027983-00028390": "consumption in q1 2016.", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00143-00028391-00028599": "now how can we model the evolution of", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00144-00028600-00028711": "user preferences", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00145-00028712-00028935": "we used a simple model with a first", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00146-00028936-00029118": "order markup structure in particular", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00147-00029119-00029183": "here", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00148-00029183-00029407": "pi is the distribution on how the user", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00149-00029408-00029599": "has allocated listening budget across", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00150-00029600-00029679": "genres", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00151-00029680-00029895": "and we multiply this distribution by a", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00152-00029895-00030023": "transition matrix", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00153-00030024-00030287": "between genres a which gives a predicted", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00154-00030288-00030487": "distribution on how the listening budget", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00155-00030488-00030639": "would be allocated in the next time", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00156-00030639-00030743": "period", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00157-00030744-00030927": "importantly this is the directional", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00158-00030927-00031135": "model not necessarily symmetric", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00159-00031136-00031351": "and this picture shows you a very simple", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00160-00031352-00031439": "example so", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00161-00031439-00031639": "let's start from user one here's a one", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00162-00031639-00031807": "only listen to saw", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00163-00031808-00032023": "and if we multiply it's probably the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00164-00032024-00032143": "probability vector", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00165-00032144-00032367": "one zero zero so the entire budget", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00166-00032368-00032527": "allocated to saw", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00167-00032527-00032743": "we multiply it by the matrix a and we", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00168-00032744-00032918": "obtain predicted", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00169-00032919-00033199": "uh distribution that gives fifty percent", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00170-00033200-00033359": "of the streaming budgets to solve forty", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00171-00033360-00033527": "percent to new age and ten percent to", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00172-00033528-00033590": "blues", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00173-00033591-00033774": "so if you listen to so you would like to", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00174-00033775-00033990": "listen to new age next", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00175-00033991-00034246": "now let's take user two so user two", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00176-00034247-00034295": "instead", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00177-00034296-00034502": "allocates the entire listening budget in", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00178-00034503-00034599": "period time", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00179-00034600-00034879": "period t minus one to new h now we", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00180-00034880-00035062": "multiply this vector by the same matrix", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00181-00035063-00035199": "the same transition matrix", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00182-00035200-00035479": "a and we obtain 40 percent for new age", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00183-00035480-00035623": "and blues and only 20", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00184-00035624-00035839": "for saw so if you listen to a new age", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00185-00035840-00036039": "you would like to listen to blues next", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00186-00036040-00036230": "so the relations between genres are not", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00187-00036231-00036446": "necessarily symmetric", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00188-00036447-00036735": "importantly a encodes the graph", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00189-00036736-00036895": "structure between the genres and it", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00190-00036896-00037079": "takes the role of a weighted adjacency", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00191-00037080-00037311": "matrix of something that we call a genre", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00192-00037312-00037430": "interaction graph", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00193-00037431-00037599": "which is used in our paper to obtain", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00194-00037600-00037735": "interpretable insights on the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00195-00037736-00037918": "relationships and trajectories between", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00196-00037919-00038287": "micro genres", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00197-00038288-00038430": "now i will try to make the description", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00198-00038431-00038639": "of the model a bit more detail now", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00199-00038640-00038887": "as discussed before as you can see from", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00200-00038888-00038974": "the left", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00201-00038975-00039143": "for each time period we have the genre", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00202-00039144-00039302": "counts for each", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00203-00039303-00039702": "user which we call n the sum of counts", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00204-00039703-00039990": "gives the total user activity within", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00205-00039991-00040199": "that time period so we call it x", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00206-00040200-00040574": "i and", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00207-00040575-00040839": "the genre distribution at time t is", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00208-00040840-00040983": "simply given by the ratio", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00209-00040984-00041327": "between these two quantities", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00210-00041328-00041751": "the two key features of this model are", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00211-00041752-00042007": "two first we use an exponential weighted", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00212-00042008-00042223": "moving average distribution for", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00213-00042224-00042423": "the genre distributions using a global", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00214-00042424-00042607": "exploration parameter gamma", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00215-00042608-00042783": "the global expression parameter gamma", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00216-00042784-00042911": "expresses how fast", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00217-00042912-00043095": "we would like to explore the music space", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00218-00043096-00043367": "and shift the current preferences", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00219-00043368-00043567": "the second key feature of a model is a", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00220-00043568-00043743": "porsche multinomial two-stage", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00221-00043744-00044030": "distribution in particular user activity", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00222-00044031-00044215": "and genre distributions are modeled", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00223-00044216-00044343": "separately", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00224-00044344-00044623": "so the user activity simply assumed to", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00225-00044624-00044695": "be", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00226-00044696-00044902": "to have a poisson distribution centered", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00227-00044903-00045062": "at the previous value of the user", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00228-00045063-00045151": "activity", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00229-00045152-00045374": "and conditional on the user activity at", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00230-00045375-00045487": "time t", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00231-00045488-00045815": "then the general counts", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00232-00045816-00046327": "seem to be multinomial with total number", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00233-00046328-00046630": "given by the user activity at time t and", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00234-00046631-00046967": "uh probabilities given by the product", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00235-00046968-00047183": "between uh the moving average", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00236-00047184-00047279": "distribution", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00237-00047280-00047551": "uh pi time t minus one and the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00238-00047552-00047999": "transition matrix a", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00239-00048000-00048199": "now how can we evaluate if the model is", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00240-00048200-00048415": "doing well we did it in three ways", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00241-00048416-00048590": "first a good model must minimize the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00242-00048591-00048758": "total variation between the observed and", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00243-00048759-00049062": "predicted general distributions", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00244-00049063-00049262": "second we would like to predict if the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00245-00049263-00049430": "consumption of it for each gyra", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00246-00049431-00049630": "decreased or increased", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00247-00049631-00049943": "uh between two consecutive periods", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00248-00049944-00050143": "third we would like to predict which", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00249-00050144-00050343": "completely new genres will be streamed", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00250-00050344-00050471": "and we did it in two ways", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00251-00050472-00050639": "first with respect to the previous time", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00252-00050640-00050815": "period so", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00253-00050816-00051102": "a new genre only is a generic is", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00254-00051103-00051270": "considered new only if it wasn't", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00255-00051271-00051463": "streamed in the previous time period", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00256-00051464-00051638": "or with respect to the entire streaming", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00257-00051639-00051790": "history meaning that a genre is", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00258-00051791-00051926": "considered new if it was", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00259-00051927-00052375": "never streamed by the user", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00260-00052376-00052550": "we compared the ptm against a range of", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00261-00052551-00052719": "different alternatives for the same type", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00262-00052720-00052823": "of data", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00263-00052824-00053063": "so just to remind you sequences of", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00264-00053064-00053215": "matrices of accounts", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00265-00053216-00053479": "and competing models uh that we", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00266-00053479-00053630": "identified are dynamic boston", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00267-00053632-00053807": "factorization poisonous regressive", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00268-00053808-00053942": "models and a negative matrix", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00269-00053944-00054087": "factorization", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00270-00054088-00054407": "uh along with um a simple baseline which", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00271-00054408-00054607": "is based on the previous observation so", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00272-00054608-00054911": "we predict the activity at time t", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00273-00054912-00055254": "using just the activity at t minus one", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00274-00055255-00055454": "the ptm the performance position model", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00275-00055455-00055599": "achieves the best performance", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00276-00055600-00055863": "in the area under the curve for both the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00277-00055864-00056023": "receiver operating characteristics and", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00278-00056024-00056199": "precision recall curves", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00279-00056200-00056582": "and this is just for prediction of", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00280-00056583-00056975": "new genres at the next time point but", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00281-00056976-00057223": "the same holds also for all the other", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00282-00057224-00057350": "metrics", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00283-00057351-00057615": "the ptm consistently outperforms", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00284-00057616-00057815": "competing methods for the same type of", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00285-00057816-00058047": "data", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00286-00058048-00058230": "now i mentioned before one of the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00287-00058232-00058471": "advantage the main advantage of", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00288-00058472-00058647": "one of the main advantages of a model", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00289-00058648-00058791": "was the interpretability", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00290-00058791-00059182": "of the transition matrix a so", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00291-00059183-00059503": "as i said hey a is highly interpretable", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00292-00059504-00059903": "um it's a transition matrix so each row", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00293-00059904-00060063": "sums to one and we expect", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00294-00060064-00060215": "most of the probability to be around the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00295-00060216-00060423": "diagonal since users that like the given", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00296-00060424-00060606": "genre probably like it also in the near", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00297-00060607-00060679": "future", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00298-00060679-00060887": "and that's exactly what this plot is", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00299-00060888-00060991": "trying to", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00300-00060991-00061294": "express so you can see on the left uh", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00301-00061295-00061526": "the um the scatter plot of the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00302-00061527-00061599": "transition", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00303-00061600-00061950": "uh the diagonal", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00304-00061951-00062335": "elements of the matrix a uh sorted by uh", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00305-00062336-00062575": "gyrae d uh where the general id is", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00306-00062576-00062799": "assorted by popularity so as you can see", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00307-00062800-00062999": "most of the mass for each row is", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00308-00063000-00063199": "concentrated on the diagonal and", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00309-00063200-00063319": "similarly on the right you can see the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00310-00063320-00063479": "histogram", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00311-00063479-00063726": "of the diagonal entries where you can", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00312-00063727-00063799": "see", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00313-00063800-00064215": "that for", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00314-00064216-00064463": "popular genres we tend to have most of", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00315-00064464-00064630": "the mass concentrated today on the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00316-00064632-00064775": "diagonal whereas for", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00317-00064776-00065087": "less popular genres we observe", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00318-00065088-00065199": "that some of the coefficients are", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00319-00065200-00065454": "actually close to zero", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00320-00065455-00065687": "but the interesting part of the matrix", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00321-00065688-00065838": "is not really on the diagonal but on the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00322-00065839-00066063": "off diagonal elements so", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00323-00066064-00066287": "a essentially could be used as a map to", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00324-00066288-00066399": "introduce users", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00325-00066400-00066655": "to a new jar so in this picture we", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00326-00066656-00066911": "estimated the most likely parts from edm", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00327-00066912-00067135": "and classical music", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00328-00067136-00067350": "in green to other genres that are", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00329-00067351-00067479": "plotted in red", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00330-00067480-00067671": "importantly those parts are estimated", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00331-00067672-00067863": "only from the user trajectories", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00332-00067864-00068071": "we don't feed in any information or", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00333-00068072-00068238": "covered above anchor genres into the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00334-00068239-00068303": "model", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00335-00068304-00068503": "and importantly the model is learning", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00336-00068504-00068694": "meaningful relationship between genres", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00337-00068695-00068935": "only based on how users explored the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00338-00068936-00069359": "music space", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00339-00069360-00069631": "we also generalized this work to other", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00340-00069632-00069838": "data sets and tested the ptm", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00341-00069839-00070006": "on other applications for example", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00342-00070007-00070143": "prediction of", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00343-00070144-00070391": "movies and restaurants and again the ptm", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00344-00070392-00070447": "achieves", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00345-00070448-00070606": "the best performance across different", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00346-00070607-00070806": "tasks showing", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00347-00070807-00071031": "that the model is generalizable also to", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00348-00071032-00071367": "other domains", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00349-00071368-00071575": "so to conclude in this presentation i", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00350-00071576-00071719": "try to show that there are consistent", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00351-00071720-00071791": "patterns", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00352-00071792-00072023": "exploring how users preferences shifts", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00353-00072024-00072103": "over time", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00354-00072104-00072262": "and we propose the preference transition", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00355-00072263-00072447": "model ptm which is a simple and", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00356-00072448-00072623": "interpretable statistical framework for", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00357-00072624-00072815": "estimating user trajectories", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00358-00072816-00073006": "this could be used to increase diversity", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00359-00073007-00073167": "within recommended systems", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00360-00073168-00073503": "which is a desirable property for modern", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00361-00073504-00073815": "user streaming services", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00362-00073816-00074111": "thank you very much and i'm looking", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00363-00074112-00074279": "forward to hearing your questions at the", "z_DzmgR2DlE-00364-00074280-00074944": "q a sessions thank you very much"}}, {"audio_id": "z_FgPpUo92U", "text": {"z_FgPpUo92U-00000-00001082-00001625": "[Music]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00001-00001626-00003714": "[Music]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00002-00003715-00005952": "[Music]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00003-00005953-00006048": "[Applause]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00004-00006049-00007634": "[Music]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00005-00007634-00009159": "[Music]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00006-00009160-00011579": "[Music]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00007-00011580-00013037": "[Music]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00008-00013038-00013155": "[Applause]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00009-00013156-00014718": "[Music]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00010-00014719-00015559": "[Music]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00011-00015560-00016559": "[Music]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00012-00016560-00016578": "[Applause]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00013-00016579-00016747": "[Music]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00014-00016748-00017066": "[Applause]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00015-00017067-00018150": "[Music]", "z_FgPpUo92U-00016-00018151-00020482": "[Music]", 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this webinar", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00009-00001768-00001967": "series is made possible by members of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00010-00001968-00002183": "preservation leadership forum and we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00011-00002184-00002375": "sincerely thank those of you who are", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00012-00002376-00002526": "with us today", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00013-00002527-00002710": "through our african-american cultural", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00014-00002711-00002926": "heritage action fund we bring you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00015-00002927-00003142": "today's webinar called brown v board a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00016-00003143-00003406": "tale of three delaware schools and we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00017-00003407-00003599": "will be exploring the role of three", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00018-00003600-00003847": "sites in delaware the former clemont", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00019-00003847-00004086": "high school the former hoques and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00020-00004087-00004343": "colored school number 107c and the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00021-00004344-00004535": "former howard high school in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00022-00004536-00004799": "desegregating america's school system", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00023-00004800-00004967": "while these sites are separated by", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00024-00004968-00005215": "geography they are brought together by", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00025-00005216-00005454": "history court cases and a very basic and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00026-00005455-00005686": "fundamental fundamental issue", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00027-00005687-00005927": "african-american parents seeking to have", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00028-00005928-00006215": "equal education transportation or", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00029-00006216-00006503": "facilities for their children", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00030-00006504-00006783": "before we begin here are a few technical", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00031-00006784-00007014": "logistics we will take questions from", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00032-00007015-00007239": "the audience during the webinar please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00033-00007240-00007455": "send questions via the q a function", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00034-00007456-00007670": "directly to panelists you are also", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00035-00007672-00007855": "welcome to submit at any point during", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00036-00007856-00008031": "the webinar but we will be waiting until", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00037-00008031-00008287": "the q a section to answer questions", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00038-00008288-00008463": "you are also encouraged to communicate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00039-00008464-00008631": "to all participants through the chat", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00040-00008632-00008863": "function dr lynette edwards is a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00041-00008864-00009103": "historian and an expert on this history", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00042-00009104-00009295": "she will be available in the chat to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00043-00009296-00009503": "answer some of your questions", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00044-00009504-00009735": "the closed caption captioning function", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00045-00009736-00009942": "is enabled for this webinar you can", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00046-00009943-00010199": "enable it and disable it either through", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00047-00010200-00010414": "the controls at the bottom of your zoom", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00048-00010415-00010623": "screen or through your audio settings", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00049-00010624-00010838": "depending on what version of zoom you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00050-00010839-00010983": "are using", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00051-00010984-00011159": "following the program we will send out a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00052-00011160-00011374": "recording of today's webinar directly to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00053-00011375-00011591": "the email you used to register", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00054-00011592-00011846": "and finally all form webinars are", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00055-00011847-00012191": "archived in our form webinar library", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00056-00012192-00013703": "and now let's get started", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00057-00013704-00013838": "thanks leslie", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00058-00013840-00014094": "it's been a joy and a pleasure to get to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00059-00014095-00014327": "know the delaware communities and many", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00060-00014328-00014558": "of the speakers you'll hear from today", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00061-00014559-00014766": "my name is pam bowman i'm with the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00062-00014768-00015030": "national trust for historic preservation", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00063-00015031-00015207": "and i've been working as part of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00064-00015208-00015286": "team", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00065-00015287-00015558": "to get some legislation established to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00066-00015559-00015758": "deal with the history of the landmark", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00067-00015759-00015975": "brown versus board of education supreme", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00068-00015976-00016103": "court case", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00069-00016104-00016319": "the delaware communities along with the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00070-00016319-00016583": "communities of virginia washington dc", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00071-00016584-00016822": "south carolina and kansas we've all been", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00072-00016823-00017022": "collectively working towards preserving", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00073-00017023-00017239": "and protecting a number of sites", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00074-00017240-00017486": "associated with that court case", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00075-00017487-00017679": "and before we hear from our speakers we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00076-00017680-00017807": "wanted to share with you some", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00077-00017808-00018063": "information about the multi-state effort", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00078-00018064-00018294": "to support federal legislation that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00079-00018295-00018471": "would really provide an opportunity for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00080-00018472-00018711": "the public to learn of the stories of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00081-00018712-00018950": "all the court cases in those communities", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00082-00018951-00019230": "while preserving historic locations", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00083-00019231-00019479": "bipartisan and bicameral legislation has", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00084-00019480-00019703": "been introduced in the house and senate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00085-00019704-00019903": "led by representative clyburn in the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00086-00019904-00020143": "house and senator coons from delaware in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00087-00020144-00020319": "the senate and both have been", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00088-00020320-00020535": "instrumental leaders on preserving this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00089-00020536-00020655": "history", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00090-00020656-00020967": "next slide please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00091-00020968-00021143": "we are honored and privileged to be able", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00092-00021144-00021343": "to work with the office of united states", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00093-00021344-00021558": "senator chris coons on this legislative", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00094-00021559-00021663": "proposal", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00095-00021664-00021855": "senator coons has served as united", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00096-00021856-00022039": "states senator for delaware since his", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00097-00022040-00022294": "election in 2010 and he sits on a number", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00098-00022295-00022535": "of committees including appropriations", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00099-00022536-00022639": "judiciary", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00100-00022640-00022863": "foreign relations small business and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00101-00022864-00023071": "entrepreneurship and the ethics", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00102-00023072-00023167": "committee", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00103-00023168-00023303": "and the senator's been a strong", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00104-00023304-00023567": "supporter of historic preservation and a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00105-00023568-00023727": "leader of the brown versus ford", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00106-00023728-00023894": "legislative effort", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00107-00023895-00024078": "unfortunately the senator was not able", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00108-00024079-00024327": "to join us today but he recorded for all", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00109-00024328-00025463": "of you a message that will play now", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00110-00025464-00025670": "good afternoon i'm senator chris coons", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00111-00025672-00025862": "from delaware and i'm glad to be joining", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00112-00025863-00026094": "the national trust's african-american", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00113-00026095-00026311": "cultural heritage action fund forum", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00114-00026312-00026543": "webinar on the brown versus board of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00115-00026544-00026839": "education supreme court case today", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00116-00026839-00027039": "the brown versus board of education case", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00117-00027039-00027239": "has rightfully found its place in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00118-00027239-00027423": "american history as one of the most", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00119-00027424-00027679": "significant supreme court decisions in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00120-00027680-00027943": "our nation's history and a turning point", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00121-00027944-00028143": "in our country's long arc towards", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00122-00028144-00028390": "achieving greater racial justice", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00123-00028391-00028607": "yet many people never learned the full", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00124-00028608-00028870": "history of the several lawsuits across", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00125-00028872-00029079": "several different states that were", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00126-00029080-00029287": "ultimately consolidated into what became", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00127-00029288-00029599": "that one famous brown versus board case", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00128-00029600-00029855": "and even fewer know that three schools", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00129-00029856-00030079": "in delaware played a critical role in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00130-00030080-00030335": "desegregating america's school system", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00131-00030336-00030518": "those three schools were howard high", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00132-00030519-00030718": "school in wilmington delaware", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00133-00030719-00030943": "so-called hocheson colored school from", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00134-00030944-00031174": "the tiny town of hoques in delaware and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00135-00031175-00031407": "clemont high school claymont", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00136-00031408-00031614": "which became the first high school to be", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00137-00031616-00031935": "integrated in any of the 17 states with", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00138-00031936-00032135": "legal segregation", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00139-00032136-00032414": "these three sites are related to two", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00140-00032416-00032639": "legal cases in delaware that were later", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00141-00032639-00032879": "consolidated into brown versus board and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00142-00032880-00033118": "those two cases are belton versus", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00143-00033119-00033343": "gephardt involving the desegregation of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00144-00033344-00033495": "delaware's high schools", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00145-00033496-00033774": "and beulah versus gephardt beulah", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00146-00033775-00034023": "started with a mother sarah beulah just", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00147-00034024-00034246": "fighting to get her daughter shirley a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00148-00034247-00034423": "chance to ride the bus that literally", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00149-00034424-00034615": "went past their house", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00150-00034616-00034862": "so that her daughter could ride the bus", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00151-00034863-00035046": "to the so-called colored school in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00152-00035047-00035174": "hokasam", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00153-00035175-00035390": "both of these cases were led by the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00154-00035391-00035574": "first african-american admitted to the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00155-00035575-00035871": "delaware bar legendary attorney louis l", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00156-00035872-00036118": "reading who led the fight to desegregate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00157-00036119-00036318": "delaware's public schools", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00158-00036319-00036567": "these cases were heard in delaware's", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00159-00036568-00036807": "unique court of chancery something that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00160-00036808-00037039": "goes back to the colonial era a separate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00161-00037040-00037335": "court that hears arguments in equity", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00162-00037336-00037607": "where young chancellor cj sites had the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00163-00037608-00037846": "courage to rule that the doctrine of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00164-00037847-00038046": "separate but equal although still the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00165-00038047-00038367": "law was a lie in practice in delaware", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00166-00038368-00038551": "and he ordered the delaware state board", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00167-00038552-00038767": "of education to open all schools in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00168-00038768-00038990": "delaware to african americans in order", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00169-00038991-00039239": "to address the gross inequality in their", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00170-00039240-00039518": "conditions the delaware decision was the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00171-00039519-00039743": "only decision of the five consolidated", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00172-00039744-00039974": "court cases that the u.s supreme court", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00173-00039975-00040190": "affirmed in brown versus board of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00174-00040191-00040367": "education", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00175-00040368-00040527": "chancellor cite's decision was", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00176-00040528-00040711": "unanimously affirmed by the delaware", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00177-00040712-00040895": "supreme court and that's the case that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00178-00040896-00041127": "was affirmed by the u.s supreme court", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00179-00041128-00041279": "i grew up down the road from one of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00180-00041280-00041439": "these schools in little hoques in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00181-00041440-00041630": "delaware my mom was a public school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00182-00041631-00041839": "teacher yet i never learned about the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00183-00041840-00042087": "history in a classroom close to home", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00184-00042088-00042343": "rather it wasn't until many years later", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00185-00042344-00042590": "in law school that i learned the pivotal", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00186-00042591-00042879": "and painful facts of these cases", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00187-00042880-00043071": "that's why i'm so dedicated to working", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00188-00043072-00043399": "to add these sites to the national", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00189-00043400-00043615": "registry and why i'm so grateful for the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00190-00043616-00043807": "tireless work of the national trust to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00191-00043808-00044023": "elevate these three sites in delaware", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00192-00044024-00044246": "and their stories as part of the larger", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00193-00044247-00044455": "historical narrative of the advancement", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00194-00044456-00044630": "of civil rights in our nation", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00195-00044631-00044823": "i'm proud to partner with the trust and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00196-00044824-00045079": "colleagues here in the congress", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00197-00045080-00045255": "senators and representatives blunt", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00198-00045256-00045462": "rochester from delaware and clyburn from", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00199-00045463-00045751": "south carolina on the bipartisan brown", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00200-00045752-00045967": "versus board of education national", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00201-00045968-00046207": "historic site expansion act", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00202-00046208-00046374": "here in the senate that's senate bill", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00203-00046375-00046655": "270 and it would expand the brown versus", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00204-00046656-00046879": "board national historic site in topeka", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00205-00046880-00047183": "kansas to include additional sites from", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00206-00047184-00047479": "south carolina virginia washington dc", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00207-00047480-00047646": "and delaware", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00208-00047647-00047862": "our legislation would provide the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00209-00047863-00048127": "opportunity for these sites to be fully", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00210-00048128-00048346": "understood to tell their own", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00211-00048347-00048623": "under-recognized uplifting stories about", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00212-00048624-00048823": "the historic figures who helped shape", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00213-00048824-00049143": "american history and society preserving", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00214-00049144-00049255": "these sites", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00215-00049256-00049535": "also ensures that future generations are", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00216-00049536-00049790": "able to learn about the power of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00217-00049791-00050095": "perseverance determination and unity in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00218-00050096-00050358": "overcoming the impact the brutal and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00219-00050359-00050646": "long impact that the separate but equal", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00220-00050647-00050895": "doctrine had on our nation and the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00221-00050896-00051095": "education of our nation's children", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00222-00051096-00051279": "history if not remembered will be", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00223-00051279-00051542": "repeated today's webinar is yet another", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00224-00051544-00051814": "great opportunity a good program put on", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00225-00051815-00052046": "by the trust in service of ensuring that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00226-00052047-00052319": "this powerful delaware history not be", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00227-00052320-00053199": "forgotten", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00228-00053200-00053407": "thank you for playing that video um i", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00229-00053408-00053638": "hope you'll all join me in sharing your", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00230-00053639-00053830": "thanks to senator coons", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00231-00053832-00054015": "and their staff for all the incredible", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00232-00054016-00054103": "work", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00233-00054104-00054311": "that's gone on into this legislative", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00234-00054312-00054454": "proposal", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00235-00054455-00054815": "um and on the next slide", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00236-00054816-00054966": "on your screen you'll see a little bit", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00237-00054967-00055175": "of information about the legislation", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00238-00055176-00055479": "that senator coons was speaking about", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00239-00055479-00055663": "this is a legislation that's been", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00240-00055664-00055830": "introduced in both the house and the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00241-00055832-00056103": "senate you'll see the bill numbers here", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00242-00056104-00056319": "and the leaders of each bill and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00243-00056320-00056511": "original co-sponsors", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00244-00056512-00056679": "that have joined in this effort to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00245-00056679-00056919": "support getting this legislation passed", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00246-00056920-00057166": "hopefully by the end of this congress", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00247-00057167-00057430": "this bipartisan and bicameral bill has", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00248-00057432-00057591": "tremendous support since its", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00249-00057591-00057711": "introduction", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00250-00057712-00057911": "it has a hundred percent participation", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00251-00057912-00058126": "by the house and senate offices", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00252-00058127-00058366": "representing the expansion sites", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00253-00058367-00058638": "and as along with the kansas senators uh", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00254-00058639-00058950": "that represent the topeka kansas site", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00255-00058951-00059175": "in the national park service", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00256-00059176-00059391": "but we still need your help to get this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00257-00059391-00059607": "bill a vote in the house or senate and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00258-00059608-00059847": "get it to the president's desk we've had", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00259-00059848-00060111": "two hearings in the house and senate and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00260-00060112-00060279": "the senate committee passed the bill", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00261-00060279-00060503": "unanimously but in order to move the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00262-00060504-00060615": "board for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00263-00060616-00060759": "bill forward", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00264-00060760-00061006": "we could use your help by joining us in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00265-00061007-00061199": "visiting the website that's listed on", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00266-00061200-00061419": "your screen you go go to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00267-00061420-00061742": "savingplaces.org and we have a free tool", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00268-00061744-00061959": "where you can contact your members of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00269-00061960-00062191": "congress and ask them to support the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00270-00062191-00062463": "legislation in any way possible as the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00271-00062464-00062694": "legislation moves forward", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00272-00062695-00062950": "i will now turn it back over to leslie", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00273-00062951-00063638": "who can introduce our first speaker", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00274-00063639-00063782": "thank you pam", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00275-00063783-00064079": "um so the next our next set of speakers", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00276-00064079-00064263": "are going to be from howard high school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00277-00064264-00064430": "of technology", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00278-00064432-00064671": "and it's going to be kyle hill and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00279-00064672-00064903": "beatrice patton dixon", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00280-00064904-00065150": "um so first kyle hill's success in both", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00281-00065151-00065399": "urban and suburban schools is proof that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00282-00065400-00065606": "his positive mindset and hard charging", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00283-00065607-00065815": "work ethic is the formula that can be", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00284-00065816-00065894": "led", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00285-00065895-00066167": "to the transformation much of to both", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00286-00066168-00066406": "much of education's needs today", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00287-00066407-00066550": "he earned a bachelor's degree in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00288-00066551-00066750": "elementary education from a university", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00289-00066751-00066943": "of maine a master's in adult learning", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00290-00066944-00067126": "from virginia tech and a certificate in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00291-00067127-00067238": "educational leadership and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00292-00067239-00067391": "administration from george mason", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00293-00067392-00067638": "university he is currently pursuing his", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00294-00067639-00067838": "doctorate in educational leadership from", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00295-00067839-00068023": "wilmington university", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00296-00068024-00068263": "we also have beatrice patton dixon she's", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00297-00068264-00068511": "a native from delaware whose family has", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00298-00068512-00068726": "lived in the state for more than 250", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00299-00068727-00069006": "years she attended historic howard high", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00300-00069007-00069223": "school howard university and the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00301-00069224-00069399": "university of pennsylvania's school of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00302-00069400-00069479": "law", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00303-00069480-00069679": "beatrice worked in the law offices of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00304-00069680-00069935": "the honorable leonard l williams and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00305-00069936-00070167": "with louis l reading esquire both of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00306-00070168-00070375": "whom were also howard high school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00307-00070376-00070494": "graduates", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00308-00070495-00070719": "in the 1970s when the federal courts in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00309-00070720-00070911": "wilmington ordered the implementation of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00310-00070912-00071126": "their desegregation orders in the brown", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00311-00071127-00071423": "case beatrice helped organize and served", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00312-00071424-00071662": "as an officer in the coalition to save", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00313-00071663-00071847": "our children the community-based", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00314-00071848-00072055": "organization that federal courts", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00315-00072056-00072279": "recognized and appointed as the legal", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00316-00072280-00072511": "representatives of the african-american", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00317-00072512-00072838": "children subject subject to subjected", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00318-00072839-00073111": "sorry to the 1970s implementation of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00319-00073112-00073326": "educational desegregation in the new", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00320-00073327-00073591": "castle county delaware so now we will", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00321-00073592-00074159": "hear from howard high school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00322-00074160-00074367": "good afternoon everyone i'm beatrice", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00323-00074368-00074599": "patton dixon of the howard high school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00324-00074600-00074815": "alumni association", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00325-00074816-00074999": "and i will be presenting the first", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00326-00075000-00075271": "portion of howard's", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00327-00075272-00075479": "segment on brown versus the board of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00328-00075480-00075847": "education i along with principal kyle", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00329-00075848-00076094": "hill will do this it is extraordinarily", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00330-00076095-00076438": "difficult obviously to talk about 155", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00331-00076439-00076655": "years of history in 10 minutes so i'm", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00332-00076656-00076894": "going to go through this quickly and if", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00333-00076895-00077182": "there are any questions i'd be glad to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00334-00077183-00077343": "answer them at the end of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00335-00077344-00077487": "presentation", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00336-00077488-00077799": "slide one contains pictures of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00337-00077800-00078175": "current physical plant of 1927 historic", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00338-00078176-00078575": "howard high school and the 1993 renamed", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00339-00078576-00078831": "howard high school of technology the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00340-00078832-00079019": "front of the building to the left is a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00341-00079020-00079391": "1927 historic howard high school with", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00342-00079392-00079662": "its annex in the rear and the buildings", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00343-00079663-00079967": "to the right were added in 1975", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00344-00079968-00080287": "during the 70s brown implementation", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00345-00080288-00080535": "when the school was then renamed howard", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00346-00080536-00080879": "career center after a great outcry from", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00347-00080880-00081111": "the black community about the name", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00348-00081112-00081543": "change it changed again in 1993", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00349-00081544-00081719": "and renamed", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00350-00081720-00082006": "to the howard high school of technology", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00351-00082007-00082294": "howard high school is 155 years old and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00352-00082295-00082591": "it is the oldest continuously", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00353-00082592-00082862": "operated and publicly funded high school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00354-00082863-00083135": "in delaware it was originally built for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00355-00083136-00083335": "blacks by the freedmen's bureau with", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00356-00083336-00083694": "federal funds and relocated and rebuilt", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00357-00083695-00083879": "by philanthropist", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00358-00083880-00084215": "pierre dupont in 1927.", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00359-00084216-00084438": "slide two please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00360-00084439-00084671": "slide two shows a view of both buildings", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00361-00084672-00084879": "again with the signage indicating the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00362-00084880-00085182": "national park services april 5th", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00363-00085183-00085535": "2005 designation of howard high school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00364-00085536-00085647": "as a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00365-00085648-00085759": "national", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00366-00085760-00085999": "uh because of its role in brown at on", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00367-00086000-00086223": "the national register of historical", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00368-00086224-00086335": "places", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00369-00086336-00086703": "slide three please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00370-00086704-00086935": "the story of how howard high school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00371-00086936-00087135": "became a part of the brown decision in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00372-00087136-00087367": "delaware's funding of the public", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00373-00087368-00087687": "education is about a tale of two schools", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00374-00087688-00087903": "and two races of people", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00375-00087904-00088135": "one black howard high school and one", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00376-00088136-00088391": "white claymont high school it is about", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00377-00088392-00088567": "who paid for what for the public", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00378-00088568-00088838": "education of delaware's black and white", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00379-00088839-00089031": "students the federal government paid for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00380-00089032-00089199": "the initial building of howard high", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00381-00089200-00089287": "school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00382-00089288-00089606": "after the civil war and philanthropists", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00383-00089607-00089838": "pierre dupont used his personal funds to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00384-00089839-00090126": "pay for relocating the building as a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00385-00090127-00090550": "high school for black students in 1927.", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00386-00090551-00090767": "black students paid for their own school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00387-00090768-00091006": "transportation costs to go past their", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00388-00091007-00091262": "neighborhood schools and claymont high", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00389-00091263-00091431": "school to attend howard high school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00390-00091432-00091679": "which for many years was the only high", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00391-00091680-00091871": "school delaware's black students could", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00392-00091872-00092006": "attend", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00393-00092007-00092238": "black parents were required to pay taxes", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00394-00092239-00092482": "to support the publicly financed a more", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00395-00092483-00092735": "well-resourced claymont high school and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00396-00092736-00092943": "other white schools in delaware but", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00397-00092944-00093111": "their children were not permitted to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00398-00093112-00093423": "attend it is a tale about how delaware", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00399-00093424-00093623": "exhibited a great disparity in the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00400-00093624-00093887": "apportionment of public funds to educate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00401-00093888-00094167": "its black students it is also about the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00402-00094168-00094462": "additional burdensome personal funds", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00403-00094463-00094750": "delaware's black parents expended to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00404-00094751-00095031": "educate their children for decades prior", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00405-00095032-00095294": "to brown black students throughout the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00406-00095295-00095638": "state who wanted a high school education", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00407-00095639-00096031": "were required to pay for their own", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00408-00096032-00096238": "personal housing", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00409-00096239-00096479": "bus and transportation costs to ride", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00410-00096480-00096767": "past clemont high school and delaware's", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00411-00096768-00096950": "other white high schools in or near", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00412-00096951-00097135": "their neighborhoods to attend howard", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00413-00097136-00097271": "high school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00414-00097272-00097694": "slide four", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00415-00097695-00097974": "when dupont built howard high school for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00416-00097975-00098318": "black students in 1927 the school was", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00417-00098319-00098543": "state of the art in the nation", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00418-00098544-00098726": "and he was hoping that he'd be able to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00419-00098727-00098959": "encourage the delaware general assembly", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00420-00098960-00099238": "to invest more money in schools for all", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00421-00099239-00099543": "of delaware's children instead they", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00422-00099544-00099831": "built more publicly funded schools for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00423-00099832-00100143": "delaware's white students", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00424-00100144-00100415": "slide five", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00425-00100416-00100774": "from the time howard was built in 1867", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00426-00100775-00101038": "until the schools were integrated", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00427-00101039-00101311": "howard high school attracted some of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00428-00101312-00101431": "best", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00429-00101432-00101735": "national black teaching talent", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00430-00101736-00101999": "prior to integration most of howard's", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00431-00102000-00102287": "black teachers had been educated at the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00432-00102288-00102671": "nation's most prestigious hbcus and ivy", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00433-00102672-00102799": "league schools", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00434-00102800-00102942": "yet", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00435-00102943-00103142": "those same teachers were not permitted", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00436-00103143-00103366": "to teach at white schools in delaware", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00437-00103367-00103566": "because of segregation", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00438-00103567-00103742": "their cultural competence and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00439-00103743-00103975": "understanding of howard students allowed", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00440-00103976-00104271": "howard students to secure", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00441-00104272-00104551": "excellent educations and educational", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00442-00104552-00104710": "experiences", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00443-00104711-00105047": "slide six", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00444-00105048-00105431": "delaware had two mass implementations of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00445-00105432-00105590": "the brown decision", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00446-00105591-00106102": "one in 1954 and the other in 1978.", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00447-00106103-00106423": "my personal experiences with the 1950s", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00448-00106424-00106671": "implementation of brown and in going", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00449-00106672-00106943": "from the smaller nurturing all-black", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00450-00106944-00107110": "douglas elementary school in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00451-00107111-00107254": "kindergarten", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00452-00107255-00107447": "to the larger", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00453-00107448-00107695": "previous and then still mostly white", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00454-00107696-00107966": "laura elementary school in first grade", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00455-00107967-00108263": "it was a very hostile environ because", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00456-00108264-00108510": "lure was a much larger school and i", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00457-00108511-00108766": "never had a black teacher or another", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00458-00108767-00108990": "black student in my classrooms", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00459-00108991-00109183": "throughout my elementary school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00460-00109183-00109358": "education there", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00461-00109359-00109751": "integration of howard in the 70s meant", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00462-00109752-00110007": "that over time while howard's student", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00463-00110008-00110223": "body integrated", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00464-00110224-00110399": "most of the teaching", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00465-00110400-00110647": "and administrative staff gradually", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00466-00110648-00110958": "became a lot less black and a lot more", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00467-00110959-00111366": "white and this pattern continues today", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00468-00111367-00111719": "slide seven", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00469-00111720-00112039": "there was a much greater significance", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00470-00112040-00112278": "and impact made by the brown decision", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00471-00112279-00112478": "and the howard high school and the other", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00472-00112479-00112758": "plaintiff schools role in it the case", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00473-00112759-00113031": "was decided on the very narrow issue of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00474-00113032-00113310": "the integration of the nation's schools", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00475-00113311-00113607": "brown's broader significance was in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00476-00113608-00113999": "overturning the 1896 plessy versus", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00477-00114000-00114207": "ferguson decision", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00478-00114208-00114471": "wherein the court had determined that as", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00479-00114472-00114647": "long as separate pump public", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00480-00114648-00114847": "accommodations were made for blacks it", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00481-00114848-00115086": "was legally permissible to have separate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00482-00115088-00115310": "facilities for the races", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00483-00115311-00115486": "the brown decision", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00484-00115488-00115775": "changed the court's earlier separate but", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00485-00115776-00115951": "equal precedent", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00486-00115952-00116283": "in education and led the way later for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00487-00116283-00116583": "integration of restaurants hotels and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00488-00116583-00116927": "other public accommodations mr redding", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00489-00116928-00117247": "was very active in legally pursuing and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00490-00117248-00117439": "assuring the success of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00491-00117440-00117639": "implementation of the integration of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00492-00117640-00117958": "delaware's schools restaurants hotels", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00493-00117959-00118271": "and other up public accommodations", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00494-00118272-00118695": "slide eight", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00495-00118696-00118934": "there are four high schools in the new", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00496-00118935-00119166": "castle county vo-tech district today", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00497-00119167-00119407": "which includes howard the other three", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00498-00119408-00119783": "schools were built at least 102 years", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00499-00119783-00119943": "after howard", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00500-00119944-00120175": "howard currently has the least number of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00501-00120176-00120383": "students of the four schools and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00502-00120383-00120710": "therefore less state funding resources", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00503-00120711-00120919": "black students in all four", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00504-00120920-00121039": "vo-tech", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00505-00121040-00121343": "schools including howard and delaware's", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00506-00121344-00121575": "private and charter schools are", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00507-00121576-00121831": "currently voicing concerns about", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00508-00121832-00122086": "encountering racial bias in their", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00509-00122088-00122207": "schools", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00510-00122208-00122319": "this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00511-00122320-00122734": "is happening today in the 21st century", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00512-00122735-00122895": "in conclusion", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00513-00122896-00123175": "america is on the verge of for forging a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00514-00123176-00123502": "new economic and educational paths", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00515-00123503-00123775": "but owing to human nature", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00516-00123776-00124151": "are painful past practices and old ways", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00517-00124152-00124390": "of doing things or re-emerging", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00518-00124391-00124607": "it is only when the true stories about", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00519-00124608-00124878": "america's past educational injustices", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00520-00124879-00125039": "are fully captured", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00521-00125040-00125278": "and constantly displayed in public view", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00522-00125279-00125510": "that we can begin to fully honestly and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00523-00125511-00125758": "truthfully address them and have the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00524-00125759-00126095": "opportunity to eliminate them today we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00525-00126096-00126278": "are back where we started because we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00526-00126279-00126566": "have failed to arm ourselves with the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00527-00126567-00126871": "true history and stories of our past we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00528-00126872-00127119": "cannot afford as a nation to regress", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00529-00127120-00127454": "back into the racist misdeeds of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00530-00127455-00127751": "america's past thank you very much for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00531-00127752-00128014": "your attention and now mr hill will tell", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00532-00128015-00128214": "you about the good things that are", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00533-00128215-00128407": "happening at the howard high school of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00534-00128408-00128823": "technology today mr hill to you slide 9", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00535-00128824-00129263": "please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00536-00129264-00129478": "good afternoon thank you miss dixon", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00537-00129479-00129766": "uh in my tenure here as principal of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00538-00129767-00129958": "howard high school for the last three", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00539-00129959-00130054": "years", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00540-00130055-00130358": "my charge my mission along with my staff", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00541-00130359-00130543": "is to not", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00542-00130544-00130751": "make this school a secret anymore we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00543-00130752-00130927": "want this to be the best well-known", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00544-00130928-00131111": "secret and over the last three years we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00545-00131112-00131239": "have increased our enrollment", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00546-00131240-00131447": "significantly um in my first year we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00547-00131448-00131775": "were at 750 to this year to 900 the goal", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00548-00131776-00132007": "is to be at capacity of a thousand", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00549-00132008-00132431": "students and we're well on our way um to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00550-00132432-00132695": "advertise what we do here our goal and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00551-00132696-00132878": "mission is to provide students in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00552-00132879-00133214": "newcastle county um with world-class cte", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00553-00133215-00133343": "career and technical education", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00554-00133344-00133527": "experiences we have state of the art", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00555-00133528-00133671": "facilities", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00556-00133672-00134039": "all of our cte instructors come from um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00557-00134040-00134302": "come from the field um in industry and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00558-00134303-00134478": "are educating our students and all the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00559-00134479-00134790": "techniques that uh we are", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00560-00134791-00134943": "trying to prepare them for to go out", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00561-00134944-00135159": "into the workforce right away our newest", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00562-00135160-00135335": "program we have 14 careers but the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00563-00135336-00135566": "newest one is teacher academy and one", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00564-00135567-00135831": "way um that our district is preparing", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00565-00135832-00136023": "our students is to look at a national", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00566-00136024-00136302": "need we all know that educators are", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00567-00136303-00136566": "dwindling in numbers uh fewer and fewer", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00568-00136567-00136790": "students are enrolling in education", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00569-00136791-00137023": "programs and universities so newcastle", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00570-00137024-00137199": "countyville tech and howard has taken on", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00571-00137200-00137590": "the initiative to not only prepare", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00572-00137591-00137790": "black and brown students to go into the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00573-00137791-00137959": "field but also come back and teach in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00574-00137960-00138087": "delaware", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00575-00138088-00138239": "we also", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00576-00138240-00138375": "are looking at dual enrollment", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00577-00138376-00138631": "opportunities looking for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00578-00138632-00138814": "opportunities for our students to have", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00579-00138815-00138927": "partnerships with college and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00580-00138928-00139111": "universities nearby", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00581-00139112-00139311": "to make sure that we are leaving", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00582-00139312-00139471": "students with the opportunity to either", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00583-00139472-00139711": "leave with a certification and or", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00584-00139712-00139839": "college credit", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00585-00139840-00140063": "uh we have different community", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00586-00140064-00140263": "initiatives one is called the fam", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00587-00140264-00140527": "forever movement um as miss dixon spoke", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00588-00140528-00140831": "about um racial tensions um sparked to a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00589-00140832-00141063": "new high with several cases two summers", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00590-00141064-00141287": "ago and we wanted to give students a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00591-00141288-00141590": "voice um and within our diversity equity", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00592-00141591-00141814": "inclusion work uh we are also grooming", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00593-00141815-00142087": "leaders so we have two programs howard", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00594-00142088-00142247": "leading ladies and howard men of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00595-00142248-00142463": "distinction so in addition to building", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00596-00142464-00142671": "them academically um and building them", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00597-00142672-00142887": "in their cte courses we're also honing", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00598-00142888-00143471": "in on their leadership skills next slide", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00599-00143472-00143751": "amidst all of the impact of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00600-00143752-00143887": "the pandemic over the last two years", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00601-00143888-00144175": "howard still has a graduation rate of 92", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00602-00144176-00144407": "percent which is uh something we're", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00603-00144408-00144566": "extremely proud of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00604-00144567-00144823": "as part of our program we often look for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00605-00144824-00144959": "our students to have the opportunity to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00606-00144960-00145207": "go and co-op and work in the fields that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00607-00145208-00145431": "they spend three years studying we want", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00608-00145432-00145726": "them to have real world uh experiences", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00609-00145727-00145999": "and paid internships we have uh more", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00610-00146000-00146302": "than 40 local businesses within the city", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00611-00146303-00146526": "um and the surrounding areas that employ", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00612-00146527-00146847": "our students um 80 of our students our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00613-00146848-00147135": "seniors are eligible to participate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00614-00147136-00147431": "in addition to our academics and our cte", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00615-00147432-00147711": "we have championship athletics um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00616-00147712-00147919": "and all of our sports to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00617-00147920-00148095": "have our students have more well-rounded", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00618-00148096-00148214": "experience", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00619-00148215-00148639": "next slide", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00620-00148640-00148990": "my goal is to be the bridge between um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00621-00148991-00149166": "the shoulders we stand on from the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00622-00149167-00149463": "original howard uh howard uh skill", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00623-00149464-00149647": "center and and now howard school of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00624-00149648-00149959": "technology it is important for us to to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00625-00149960-00150231": "look at the facilities we have educate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00626-00150232-00150551": "our current students on uh the history", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00627-00150552-00150766": "of the school they attend and not only", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00628-00150767-00151087": "educate them but connect them uh to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00629-00151088-00151463": "alumni like miss dixon we have", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00630-00151464-00151631": "opportunities where our students are", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00631-00151632-00151814": "able to connect and participate in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00632-00151815-00152063": "activities where we honor uh alumni from", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00633-00152064-00152239": "the past but also participate in that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00634-00152240-00152431": "program that they have currently", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00635-00152432-00152559": "we have some upcoming program", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00636-00152560-00152790": "initiatives that we're looking to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00637-00152791-00152919": "really highlight", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00638-00152920-00153143": "um creating courses in educate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00639-00153144-00153351": "where students can walk the hallways so", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00640-00153352-00153471": "we're going to work with the university", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00641-00153472-00153695": "of delaware potentially to create a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00642-00153696-00153902": "howard history that every student in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00643-00153903-00154095": "howard will get an opportunity to learn", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00644-00154096-00154351": "about so they get to see the facilities", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00645-00154352-00154663": "but also learn more um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00646-00154664-00154887": "in depth history about the the school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00647-00154888-00155063": "they attend we have a current", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00648-00155064-00155287": "partnership with wilmington police um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00649-00155288-00155471": "and estate police", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00650-00155472-00155647": "to increase the number of minority", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00651-00155648-00155783": "students that are going into law", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00652-00155784-00156071": "enforcement um again i spoke of uh the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00653-00156072-00156239": "racial tension that sparked with the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00654-00156240-00156511": "george floyd case um but only through", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00655-00156512-00156735": "education and through communication", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00656-00156736-00156983": "um that we can better the circumstance", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00657-00156984-00157183": "in the community we need people from the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00658-00157184-00157414": "community to police the community and be", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00659-00157415-00157607": "more aware of what's going on uh in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00660-00157608-00157902": "their own communities in addition uh we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00661-00157903-00158151": "have added a information technology", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00662-00158152-00158375": "program where our students will earn 30", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00663-00158376-00158590": "college credits upon graduation where", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00664-00158591-00158766": "they will attend dell tech", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00665-00158767-00158854": "uh", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00666-00158855-00159119": "for one additional year and will be able", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00667-00159120-00159359": "to transfer right into a four-year", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00668-00159360-00159654": "university so howard is on the cutting", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00669-00159655-00159911": "edge in so many ways and continuing to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00670-00159912-00160190": "carry the torch that was set in 1927", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00671-00160191-00160487": "next slide", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00672-00160488-00160711": "this is just a few images", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00673-00160712-00161031": "of the finished construction in our 1927", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00674-00161032-00161143": "building", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00675-00161144-00161351": "our students get a chance to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00676-00161352-00161447": "walk", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00677-00161448-00161711": "the halls of a historic building but in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00678-00161712-00161951": "a world-class setting so we are", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00679-00161952-00162166": "extremely proud of where we're going uh", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00680-00162167-00162359": "we're extremely proud of the lanes that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00681-00162360-00162478": "we come from", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00682-00162479-00162623": "and i urge you all if you haven't had a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00683-00162624-00162783": "chance to come visit please come visit", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00684-00162784-00162983": "us if you have eighth grade students who", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00685-00162984-00163151": "are looking for a high school home i", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00686-00163152-00163366": "urge you to come take a tour our staff", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00687-00163367-00163631": "is amazing uh we have a outstanding", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00688-00163632-00163838": "culture and climate and we are on the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00689-00163839-00164071": "rise so i thank you for giving us the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00690-00164072-00164223": "opportunity to share a little bit of our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00691-00164224-00164414": "school today um and for you to learn", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00692-00164415-00164607": "about where our school came from so", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00693-00164608-00165087": "thank you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00694-00165088-00165175": "thank you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00695-00165176-00165343": "thank you so much", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00696-00165344-00165654": "um next uh we have clemont", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00697-00165655-00165887": "high school with allison david", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00698-00165888-00166095": "and joan anderson", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00699-00166096-00166319": "so first alison david is the chief", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00700-00166320-00166511": "executive officer of the clemont", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00701-00166512-00166743": "community center allison is driven by", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00702-00166744-00166926": "the desire to help people make positive", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00703-00166927-00167102": "changes in their lives through her hand", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00704-00167103-00167399": "up not hand out world view for three", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00705-00167400-00167631": "decades she has created designed and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00706-00167632-00167854": "executed and grown effective social", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00707-00167855-00168063": "service programs and services", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00708-00168064-00168278": "relationships and connections are focal", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00709-00168279-00168463": "points of her efforts as she believes", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00710-00168464-00168678": "people who work together grow stronger", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00711-00168679-00168775": "together", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00712-00168776-00169087": "she strives to maxim to maximize mission", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00713-00169088-00169335": "impact by building mutually beneficial", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00714-00169336-00169535": "partnerships within our diverse", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00715-00169536-00169654": "communities", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00716-00169655-00169863": "allison seeks to involve stakeholders", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00717-00169864-00170095": "from across the community families", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00718-00170096-00170351": "businesses non-profit organizations", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00719-00170352-00170583": "elected and appointed government leaders", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00720-00170584-00170831": "and other key stakeholders to expand the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00721-00170832-00171135": "center's scope and reach", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00722-00171136-00171399": "then we have joan elizabeth anderson who", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00723-00171400-00171735": "was born in 1938 to dr leon and beulah", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00724-00171736-00171966": "anderson in wilmington delaware", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00725-00171967-00172166": "she attended wilmington elementary and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00726-00172167-00172319": "howard high schools", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00727-00172320-00172583": "the anderson family moved to arden croft", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00728-00172584-00172823": "a suburb of clemont delaware in the late", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00729-00172824-00173111": "spring of 1952 at the invitation of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00730-00173112-00173343": "art craft community which wanted black", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00731-00173344-00173519": "families to live there", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00732-00173520-00173711": "she attended claymont high school and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00733-00173712-00173902": "became part of the brownview board of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00734-00173903-00174087": "education lawsuit", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00735-00174088-00174447": "joan graduated from clemont in 1956", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00736-00174448-00174631": "she next attended fisk university in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00737-00174632-00174814": "nashville tennessee for two years and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00738-00174815-00175023": "transferred to boston university where", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00739-00175024-00175423": "she graduated in 1960 with a bfa degree", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00740-00175424-00175726": "in 2006 joan was honored along with 11", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00741-00175727-00175951": "other claymont students with a plaque", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00742-00175952-00176199": "first state first school first student", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00743-00176200-00176326": "to integrate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00744-00176327-00176526": "and the delaware state senate honored", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00745-00176527-00176751": "her with a certificate of appreciation", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00746-00176752-00176935": "for being part of the first court", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00747-00176936-00177207": "mandated integration of a public school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00748-00177208-00177407": "in the united states", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00749-00177408-00177935": "now i give you claim on high school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00750-00177936-00178231": "thank you leslie uh it is absolutely a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00751-00178232-00178423": "pleasure to join everyone for this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00752-00178424-00178535": "webinar", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00753-00178536-00178775": "uh the claymont story is a story of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00754-00178776-00179054": "bravery it's a story of doing what's", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00755-00179055-00179271": "right and it's a legacy for the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00756-00179272-00179607": "community next slide", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00757-00179608-00179751": "claymont high school was built in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00758-00179752-00180031": "clemont delaware in 1924", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00759-00180032-00180271": "its story of integration is truly an", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00760-00180272-00180478": "example of the community working", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00761-00180479-00180726": "together in order to integrate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00762-00180727-00180943": "the story demonstrates the bravery of so", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00763-00180944-00181166": "many people and i'm honored to be part", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00764-00181167-00181407": "of telling this story i want to thank", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00765-00181408-00181566": "the people that i interviewed for this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00766-00181567-00181831": "presentation and specifically my", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00767-00181832-00182047": "co-presenter joan who will be speaking", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00768-00182048-00182199": "shortly", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00769-00182200-00182407": "next slide", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00770-00182408-00182678": "as you heard in 1950 the only high", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00771-00182679-00182951": "school open to african-american students", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00772-00182952-00183190": "in delaware was howard high school this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00773-00183191-00183383": "meant that children in claymont were", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00774-00183384-00183647": "forced to literally pass by clemont high", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00775-00183648-00183926": "school and travel 20 miles round trip to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00776-00183927-00184031": "howard", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00777-00184032-00184231": "the parents wanted their kids in their", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00778-00184232-00184478": "local schools so they sought legal", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00779-00184479-00184719": "counsel from lewis reading the prominent", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00780-00184720-00184966": "african-american attorney who urged them", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00781-00184967-00185183": "to seek admission into clermont high", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00782-00185184-00185287": "school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00783-00185288-00185495": "their children were denied and in july", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00784-00185496-00185807": "of 1951 reading filed a lawsuit seeking", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00785-00185808-00185950": "their admission", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00786-00185951-00186159": "reading set out to challenge the notion", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00787-00186160-00186271": "of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00788-00186272-00186559": "of racially segregated public schools", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00789-00186560-00186847": "and developed litigation using the name", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00790-00186848-00187031": "of one of the parents in the claymont", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00791-00187032-00187247": "case ethel belton", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00792-00187248-00187407": "the case named the state board of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00793-00187408-00187671": "education as the principal defendant and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00794-00187672-00187854": "the board members were specifically", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00795-00187855-00188111": "charged the first name among the members", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00796-00188112-00188375": "was francis b gebhardt resulting in the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00797-00188376-00188783": "case filed as belton versus gephardt", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00798-00188784-00188966": "in the meantime the local klamath", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00799-00188967-00189119": "schools board", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00800-00189120-00189319": "knew that in order to integrate there", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00801-00189320-00189502": "would have to be a lawsuit and they were", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00802-00189503-00189671": "in support of that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00803-00189672-00189895": "virginia tryon is the daughter of steger", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00804-00189896-00190150": "tryon a member of the local school board", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00805-00190151-00190271": "at the time", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00806-00190272-00190575": "she recalls that her father and others", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00807-00190576-00190799": "wanted the community to integrate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00808-00190800-00190999": "because it was simply the right thing to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00809-00191000-00191126": "do", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00810-00191127-00191359": "everyone knew that they were facing a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00811-00191360-00191590": "tough legal battle but the parents and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00812-00191591-00191823": "the school board bravely decided to move", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00813-00191824-00191966": "forward", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00814-00191967-00192295": "in april of 1952 chancellor collins j", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00815-00192296-00192519": "seitz presiding judge of the delaware", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00816-00192520-00192766": "court of chancery directed the immediate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00817-00192767-00192990": "admittance of the african-american", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00818-00192991-00193214": "plaintiff's children into claymont high", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00819-00193215-00193575": "school his decision was was appealed but", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00820-00193576-00193871": "upheld by the delaware supreme court", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00821-00193872-00194143": "next slide", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00822-00194144-00194359": "based on chancellor seitz's decision", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00823-00194360-00194583": "clemont high school prepared to admit 12", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00824-00194584-00194823": "african-american students in september", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00825-00194824-00195054": "of nineteen fifty two", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00826-00195055-00195302": "on september third the local clermont", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00827-00195303-00195535": "school board called the attorney general", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00828-00195536-00195678": "every hour", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00829-00195679-00195911": "waiting for an official mandate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00830-00195912-00196143": "virginia remembers that her father sager", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00831-00196144-00196343": "was pacing the floors of their house all", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00832-00196344-00196559": "day waiting for that call", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00833-00196560-00196766": "at a special late night meeting they", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00834-00196767-00196950": "received a call from the state board of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00835-00196951-00197207": "education giving them verbal permission", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00836-00197208-00197454": "for the children to be admitted", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00837-00197455-00197711": "on september 4th the african-american", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00838-00197712-00197935": "students attended the first day of high", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00839-00197936-00198087": "school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00840-00198088-00198302": "on september 5th unfortunately the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00841-00198303-00198519": "delaware attorney general", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00842-00198520-00198711": "called the school board chair with", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00843-00198712-00198943": "instructions to send the children home", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00844-00198944-00199214": "because the case had been appealed", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00845-00199215-00199423": "they defied that order", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00846-00199424-00199678": "they allowed the children to stay", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00847-00199679-00199943": "this was another moment when everyday", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00848-00199944-00200278": "people simply did the right thing", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00849-00200279-00200566": "next slide", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00850-00200567-00200750": "the original students admitted to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00851-00200751-00200966": "clemont high school are referred to as", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00852-00200967-00201150": "the claymont 12.", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00853-00201151-00201431": "11 of the students began school and one", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00854-00201432-00201623": "student decided to stay at howard high", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00855-00201624-00201854": "school these are truly civil rights", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00856-00201855-00202014": "pioneers", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00857-00202015-00202214": "next slide", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00858-00202215-00202471": "i am deeply honored to introduce joan", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00859-00202472-00202783": "anderson one of the original clemont 12", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00860-00202784-00202966": "and a graduate of clemont high school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00861-00202967-00203083": "class of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00862-00203084-00203350": "1956 joan will be sharing her thoughts", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00863-00203351-00203614": "on those early days and the legacy of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00864-00203615-00203759": "this decision", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00865-00203760-00204487": "joan", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00866-00204488-00204638": "hello", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00867-00204639-00204838": "i'm happy to be here", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00868-00204839-00205014": "thank you for inviting me to this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00869-00205015-00205166": "webinar", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00870-00205167-00205431": "and i'm excited to tell my story about", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00871-00205432-00205694": "claymont high i was there for four years", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00872-00205696-00205882": "and i graduated in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00873-00205883-00206231": "1956. but my story begins in wilmington", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00874-00206232-00206390": "has been noted here", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00875-00206391-00206719": "that um my family was born and i i was", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00876-00206719-00206862": "raised there", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00877-00206863-00207175": "uh wilmington delaware was uh segregated", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00878-00207176-00207375": "but there were several integrated", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00879-00207376-00207551": "residential areas", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00880-00207552-00207806": "and my family they've been one of them", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00881-00207807-00208055": "so actually i grew up playing with uh", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00882-00208056-00208238": "children from all races", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00883-00208239-00208455": "so i had some integration there a little", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00884-00208456-00208614": "bit there before i", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00885-00208615-00208838": "eventually moved to clermont", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00886-00208839-00208975": "and um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00887-00208976-00209206": "we did move to arden", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00888-00209207-00209334": "croft", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00889-00209335-00209551": "and uh 1952", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00890-00209552-00209734": "we weren't part of the belton versus", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00891-00209735-00210031": "board of education case at that point", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00892-00210032-00210223": "because we weren't there when it started", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00893-00210223-00210591": "in 1951 but we moved in the spring of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00894-00210592-00210758": "1952", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00895-00210759-00211031": "where the case was um in the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00896-00211032-00211255": "uh delaware supreme court", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00897-00211256-00211519": "and in august uh 28th", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00898-00211519-00211639": "when the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00899-00211640-00211910": "case was upheld", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00900-00211911-00212198": "we were able then to attend claymont and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00901-00212200-00212327": "just to tell you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00902-00212328-00212487": "it was a little disconcerting at the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00903-00212488-00212663": "time because um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00904-00212664-00212806": "we didn't know where we were going to go", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00905-00212807-00212927": "to school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00906-00212928-00213198": "until we got that phone call", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00907-00213200-00213398": "that um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00908-00213400-00213567": "allison was", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00909-00213567-00213791": "talking about that we could actually", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00910-00213792-00213998": "attend claremont", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00911-00214000-00214351": "and so we did attend on the 4th", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00912-00214352-00214582": "we were admitted um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00913-00214583-00214863": "on the fifth we did we were there", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00914-00214864-00215046": "and um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00915-00215048-00215303": "but on the fourth we actually attended", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00916-00215304-00215431": "school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00917-00215432-00215582": "and it was um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00918-00215583-00215919": "incredibly uh a good situation that day", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00919-00215919-00216231": "because we were so well received", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00920-00216232-00216415": "in claymont", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00921-00216416-00216806": "the city of clemont both races lived in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00922-00216807-00217079": "the same area side by side", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00923-00217080-00217294": "so there was a lot of um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00924-00217296-00217471": "interaction", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00925-00217471-00217671": "uh the both races and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00926-00217671-00217934": "they both wanted integration and that's", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00927-00217935-00218110": "what helped make uh clean mods", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00928-00218111-00218303": "successful", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00929-00218304-00218534": "the school board at claymont wanted", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00930-00218535-00218671": "integration", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00931-00218671-00218967": "the um both races wanted integration and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00932-00218967-00219151": "so they fought for it they even did a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00933-00219152-00219310": "couple of things that were illegal to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00934-00219311-00219639": "achieve it but they they just decided", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00935-00219640-00219839": "that they should live together that they", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00936-00219840-00220094": "should go to school together and so", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00937-00220096-00220310": "that's what happened we went to school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00938-00220311-00220615": "my mother had told me later that uh the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00939-00220616-00220846": "teachers came up to her hugged her and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00940-00220848-00220998": "thanked her for sending her children", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00941-00221000-00221110": "there", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00942-00221111-00221334": "so it turned out to be a really good", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00943-00221335-00221494": "experience", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00944-00221496-00221791": "it was like um kept undercover", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00945-00221792-00222015": "so that there were no reporters", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00946-00222016-00222231": "there were no marches there was just", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00947-00222232-00222423": "nothing we just automatically went to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00948-00222423-00222742": "school that day september 4th", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00949-00222744-00223031": "and um for the next four years", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00950-00223032-00223334": "it was a really good experience because", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00951-00223335-00223606": "i had already been in a semi-integrated", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00952-00223607-00223846": "environment in wilmington then i moved", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00953-00223848-00224119": "to arden croft which was a completely", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00954-00224119-00224367": "white uh neighborhood and then into", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00955-00224367-00224782": "claymont which was uh now integrated", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00956-00224783-00225055": "and so um it was just a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00957-00225056-00225231": "a really good experience but i have to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00958-00225232-00225310": "say", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00959-00225311-00225455": "that there were about", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00960-00225456-00225694": "three incidences that happened", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00961-00225696-00225942": "but they were swiftly dealt with by the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00962-00225944-00226015": "uh", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00963-00226016-00226223": "school board one of them involved my", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00964-00226223-00226423": "oldest sister when she graduated two", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00965-00226423-00226575": "years later", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00966-00226576-00226775": "uh the students were supposed to walk", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00967-00226776-00227063": "down the aisle the one boy on one side", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00968-00227064-00227271": "and then next would be uh next to him", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00969-00227271-00227567": "would be a girl but when the boy who was", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00970-00227567-00227767": "um supposed to walk down with with my", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00971-00227767-00227927": "sister merle", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00972-00227928-00228055": "um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00973-00228056-00228294": "he uh ran out before he uh you know", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00974-00228296-00228551": "could walk down with her but the boy", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00975-00228552-00228671": "behind her", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00976-00228671-00228887": "uh immediately just walked up and took", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00977-00228888-00229094": "his place and nobody really", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00978-00229096-00229279": "um noticed what had happened but the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00979-00229280-00229463": "school board didn't notice", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00980-00229464-00229598": "and uh when", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00981-00229600-00229855": "the diplomas were given out his was", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00982-00229856-00230119": "blank but eventually they did give him", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00983-00230119-00230271": "his diploma", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00984-00230271-00230582": "another incident was when my sister", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00985-00230583-00230679": "carol", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00986-00230680-00230919": "was taunted by a boy", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00987-00230919-00231191": "a teacher who um saw it heard it went", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00988-00231192-00231415": "over and just slapped the boy", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00989-00231416-00231582": "uh you couldn't get away with that today", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00990-00231583-00231806": "but in those days you could you if you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00991-00231807-00231958": "were slapped by the teacher and you went", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00992-00231959-00232198": "home and told your parents what happened", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00993-00232200-00232367": "they would ask you what did you do to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00994-00232367-00232503": "deserve that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00995-00232504-00232798": "so um it was it was just a different", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00996-00232800-00232919": "time", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00997-00232919-00233031": "and um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00998-00233032-00233263": "but things were going well for me", "z_JFqi1y4E8-00999-00233264-00233542": "and for the rest of the students in fact", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01000-00233544-00233703": "i could say", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01001-00233704-00233894": "that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01002-00233896-00234206": "when howard high's football team", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01003-00234207-00234558": "came to um play our team this is how you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01004-00234559-00234663": "could tell", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01005-00234664-00234887": "uh how we really felt about being in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01006-00234888-00235087": "claymont because", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01007-00235088-00235367": "we all sat on the claim outside we had", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01008-00235367-00235631": "an opportunity to go sit on the howard", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01009-00235632-00235919": "high side but we all left another side", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01010-00235919-00236246": "on the claim outside and it um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01011-00236248-00236406": "this was just how we felt about the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01012-00236407-00236646": "school we were so well received but it", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01013-00236648-00236910": "also my takeaway from this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01014-00236911-00237231": "is the unity of the two races together", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01015-00237232-00237463": "and that's what i've taken into", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01016-00237464-00237855": "uh past um claymont into howard high and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01017-00237856-00238087": "to um fisk university and boston", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01018-00238088-00238415": "university and into my life today is the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01019-00238416-00238646": "unity things worked", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01020-00238648-00238855": "better together when people are united", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01021-00238856-00239127": "the races are united and so this is my", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01022-00239128-00239415": "story and i i really enjoyed the four", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01023-00239416-00239958": "years that i had at claymont thank you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01024-00239959-00240215": "joan thank you so much i wish we had", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01025-00240216-00240479": "more time because you have i know a lot", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01026-00240480-00240775": "more stories to share", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01027-00240776-00241127": "you bring this presentation to life", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01028-00241128-00241430": "i have a bunch of slides with", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01029-00241431-00241534": "dates", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01030-00241535-00241830": "but your shared experience is just", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01031-00241831-00242063": "wonderful so thank you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01032-00242064-00242319": "next slide please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01033-00242319-00242598": "i also interviewed martha trotter one of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01034-00242600-00242830": "the other claymont 12.", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01035-00242831-00243055": "while i think what the students did was", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01036-00243056-00243239": "tremendously brave", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01037-00243240-00243471": "she didn't see herself that way in fact", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01038-00243471-00243719": "she wanted me to point out", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01039-00243719-00243951": "her thoughts around the bravery of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01040-00243952-00244142": "parents and she said", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01041-00244144-00244342": "our parents should be honored for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01042-00244344-00244527": "fighting for their children", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01043-00244528-00244679": "they were the ones that got the ball", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01044-00244680-00244951": "rolling and i couldn't agree more", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01045-00244952-00245182": "while it wasn't perfect the integration", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01046-00245183-00245439": "in claymont was peaceful and remains an", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01047-00245440-00245719": "important part of the delaware story we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01048-00245719-00245919": "are proud to be one of the cases cited", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01049-00245919-00246175": "in brown versus the board of education", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01050-00246176-00246439": "next slide", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01051-00246440-00246615": "claymont high school is now home to the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01052-00246616-00246846": "claymot community center a non-profit", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01053-00246848-00247063": "anchor in the community for over 45", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01054-00247064-00247175": "years", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01055-00247176-00247382": "we think it's extremely special to note", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01056-00247383-00247639": "that sagertryon who was on the local", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01057-00247640-00247863": "claymont school board was also one of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01058-00247864-00248151": "our founding members this legacy of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01059-00248152-00248430": "inclusion and diversity is central to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01060-00248431-00248694": "our mission to enhance the community by", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01061-00248696-00248934": "addressing the human needs of wellness", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01062-00248935-00249158": "belongingness and esteem", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01063-00249159-00249415": "we provide educational recreational and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01064-00249416-00249679": "social support to all people and all", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01065-00249680-00249871": "people are welcomed here", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01066-00249871-00250055": "we are thrilled to be part of this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01067-00250056-00250310": "larger conversation to recognize the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01068-00250311-00250503": "contribution that claymont high school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01069-00250504-00250830": "made to end separate but equal education", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01070-00250831-00251063": "and we work with the community now to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01071-00251064-00251382": "continue to push for full equity for all", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01072-00251383-00252087": "americans thank you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01073-00252088-00252319": "thank you so much joan and allison that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01074-00252319-00252551": "was a great presentation", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01075-00252552-00252806": "next we have ho kessin colored school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01076-00252807-00252998": "number 107c", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01077-00253000-00253271": "with david wilk and sonny knott", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01078-00253271-00253487": "david wilke is the board chair of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01079-00253488-00253663": "friends of hokeson colored school number", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01080-00253664-00253951": "107c he is also an assistant professor", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01081-00253952-00254127": "of finance and director of the real", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01082-00254128-00254342": "estate program at temple university fox", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01083-00254344-00254558": "school of business his over 30 years of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01084-00254559-00254671": "real estate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01085-00254671-00254815": "teaching experience between the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01086-00254816-00255015": "university of delaware lerner college of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01087-00255016-00255255": "business johns hopkins cary business", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01088-00255256-00255558": "school and georgetown university mr wilk", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01089-00255559-00255782": "is also a management consultant who", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01090-00255783-00256023": "creates a value in today's market for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01091-00256023-00256255": "corporations private equity firms", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01092-00256256-00256487": "governments universities health care", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01093-00256488-00256751": "systems and non-profits through asset", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01094-00256752-00256982": "optimization strategies that generate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01095-00256983-00257230": "new earnings valuations market", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01096-00257231-00257471": "feasibility studies place making", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01097-00257471-00257655": "economic development strategies and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01098-00257656-00257894": "innovative marketing plans", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01099-00257896-00258167": "we also have james sunny knotts who's on", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01100-00258167-00258327": "the board of friends of ho kessin", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01101-00258328-00258606": "colored school number 107c", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01102-00258607-00258839": "more importantly he actually attended", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01103-00258840-00259303": "hockey from 1937 to 1904", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01104-00259304-00259510": "he was an avid baseball player having", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01105-00259511-00259703": "been close friends with the legendary", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01106-00259704-00259991": "judy johnson and he's also been a mentor", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01107-00259992-00260279": "at the castle high school impacting many", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01108-00260280-00260551": "public school students", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01109-00260552-00261342": "next we'll hear from hoqueson", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01110-00261344-00261503": "thank you very much", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01111-00261504-00261646": "leslie and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01112-00261648-00261887": "thank you so much for the national trust", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01113-00261888-00262151": "for giving us the ability to share our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01114-00262152-00262255": "stories", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01115-00262256-00262519": "about delaware's role in brown v board", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01116-00262520-00262655": "of education", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01117-00262656-00263030": "it's really a treat to be here and given", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01118-00263031-00263367": "our timing we'll we'll work through", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01119-00263368-00263591": "again i'm david wilke i'm chair of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01120-00263592-00263695": "um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01121-00263696-00263934": "holy cousin friends of hocus and colored", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01122-00263935-00264271": "school number 107 and we're a non-profit", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01123-00264272-00264503": "public charity that was brought together", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01124-00264504-00264719": "in 2012", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01125-00264720-00265039": "to stave the former hotestin school from", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01126-00265040-00265191": "sheriff's sale", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01127-00265192-00265406": "because it had been", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01128-00265407-00265623": "subject to mechanics liens", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01129-00265624-00265847": "and it was about a week away from being", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01130-00265848-00266023": "sheriff's sale and losing", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01131-00266024-00266295": "the legacy of this priceless community", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01132-00266296-00266558": "asset so all of us at friends of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01133-00266559-00266727": "focus and colored school next slide", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01134-00266728-00266830": "please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01135-00266831-00266927": "um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01136-00266928-00267103": "are volunteers", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01137-00267104-00267375": "and everyone on this page has been where", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01138-00267376-00267582": "a uh as i said in our last year's", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01139-00267583-00267782": "profoundly board of education delaware", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01140-00267783-00268167": "day we're a 10-year overnight success", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01141-00268168-00268455": "and uh being being able to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01142-00268456-00268758": "look back 10 years and say wow", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01143-00268759-00269039": "we were able to save the school but the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01144-00269040-00269287": "most important thing about our mission", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01145-00269288-00269471": "and it really", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01146-00269472-00269679": "builds on what you've heard so", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01147-00269680-00269919": "eloquently from the howard", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01148-00269920-00270103": "howard high school of technology and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01149-00270104-00270327": "claymont community center speakers", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01150-00270328-00270447": "before us", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01151-00270448-00270558": "is that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01152-00270559-00270910": "these three places are priceless", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01153-00270911-00271215": "assets with monumental history behind", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01154-00271216-00271415": "them and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01155-00271416-00271695": "the events of today the events starting", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01156-00271696-00271975": "in 2020 have really really", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01157-00271976-00272215": "ignited the need", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01158-00272216-00272510": "to never forget this history and to be", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01159-00272511-00272863": "able to use this history as a catalyst", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01160-00272864-00273134": "for creating better human behavior and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01161-00273135-00273367": "the future and um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01162-00273368-00273599": "and that's really where we spend the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01163-00273600-00273815": "lion's share of our journey", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01164-00273816-00274079": "as friends of folks in color school to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01165-00274080-00274334": "be able to come up with the concept of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01166-00274335-00274487": "building taking the history and the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01167-00274488-00274782": "inspiration of beulah v gephardt which", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01168-00274783-00275023": "happened at our school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01169-00275024-00275382": "and have it transformed this place into", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01170-00275383-00275615": "a value creation", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01171-00275616-00275927": "vehicle for all people in the future and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01172-00275928-00276151": "so our mission is very simple", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01173-00276152-00276415": "transforming hocheston school number", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01174-00276416-00276575": "107c", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01175-00276576-00276879": "into a center for diversity inclusion", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01176-00276880-00277182": "and social equity next slide please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01177-00277183-00277671": "and what a amazing canvas to paint this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01178-00277672-00277839": "future vision on", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01179-00277840-00278079": "than the history of the school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01180-00278080-00278358": "you can see the legendary brown v board", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01181-00278359-00278558": "legal team including", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01182-00278559-00278895": "louis redding and supreme court justice", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01183-00278896-00279047": "thurgood marshall", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01184-00279048-00279134": "and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01185-00279135-00279423": "oliver hill robert carter and spotswood", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01186-00279424-00279558": "robinson", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01187-00279559-00279791": "and then you can see that the two", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01188-00279792-00280095": "primary cases in delaware that became", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01189-00280096-00280279": "fundamental to brown b board where", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01190-00280280-00280606": "beulah b gephardt versus belton began", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01191-00280607-00280815": "part as well so", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01192-00280816-00281006": "uh emma lazarus couldn't put it any", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01193-00281007-00281255": "better until we are all free we are none", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01194-00281256-00281463": "of us free and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01195-00281464-00281567": "so we're", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01196-00281568-00281791": "next slide please so what what we're", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01197-00281792-00281958": "really doing is", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01198-00281959-00282215": "we're taking this building and this is a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01199-00282216-00282358": "rendering of what it looks like we're", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01200-00282359-00282534": "actually under construction", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01201-00282535-00282743": "this building was originally built in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01202-00282744-00283119": "1920 by pierre esteban and it was one of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01203-00283120-00283295": "the only", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01204-00283296-00283582": "colored schools that was built by pierre", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01205-00283583-00283743": "dupont in the state of delaware that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01206-00283744-00283895": "happened to be built out of beautiful", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01207-00283896-00284199": "red brick and it still exists today we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01208-00284200-00284510": "we just had the brick repointed it's", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01209-00284511-00284847": "just a little small building 2200 plus", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01210-00284848-00285158": "or minus square feet next slide please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01211-00285159-00285367": "and what had happened under the previous", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01212-00285368-00285630": "owners is they had", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01213-00285631-00285830": "done an expansion to the building and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01214-00285831-00286023": "unfortunately they", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01215-00286024-00286375": "tore down the historic rear wall of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01216-00286376-00286654": "original school building so we were left", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01217-00286655-00286903": "to come up with an idea on how to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01218-00286904-00287182": "reimagine and renovate and refurbish", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01219-00287183-00287295": "this so", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01220-00287296-00287687": "the idea will be to we added a 277", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01221-00287688-00287967": "square foot edition as part of our phase", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01222-00287968-00288263": "one of our center next slide please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01223-00288264-00288463": "and then as we evolved a little bit more", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01224-00288464-00288710": "we said well we want to keep as much of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01225-00288711-00288934": "the building intact as possible because", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01226-00288935-00289143": "of his historic character", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01227-00289144-00289351": "but if we're putting a large patio out", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01228-00289352-00289551": "there why don't we cover", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01229-00289552-00289823": "the patio with a beautiful canopy that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01230-00289824-00290039": "allows us to not only use the 2 000", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01231-00290040-00290343": "square feet that we have but also to add", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01232-00290344-00290630": "another 1500 to 2 000 square feet of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01233-00290631-00290791": "usable space", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01234-00290792-00291054": "so next slide please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01235-00291055-00291271": "this is what it looks like as of about a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01236-00291272-00291439": "week and a half ago", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01237-00291440-00291687": "we have five acres which is really a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01238-00291688-00291791": "gift", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01239-00291792-00292103": "to be able to um to enjoy and create", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01240-00292104-00292310": "indoor and outdoor events", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01241-00292311-00292503": "and uh we are", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01242-00292504-00292679": "under construction", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01243-00292680-00292951": "and the uh if everything goes well we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01244-00292952-00293158": "will be able to get a certificate of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01245-00293159-00293558": "occupancy at some point in june of this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01246-00293559-00293830": "year which is right around the corner", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01247-00293831-00294151": "so again the whole idea is we have this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01248-00294152-00294519": "amazing history of beulah v gephardt and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01249-00294520-00294815": "around the board of education but how do", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01250-00294816-00295030": "we really take something from a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01251-00295031-00295334": "programming and from a inspirational", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01252-00295335-00295575": "standpoint and really turn it into", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01253-00295576-00295879": "something that has incredible impact for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01254-00295880-00296158": "the community into the future and so", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01255-00296159-00296351": "that's really and where we began next", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01256-00296352-00296479": "slide please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01257-00296480-00296767": "we began oh that this is just the floor", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01258-00296768-00296854": "plan", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01259-00296855-00297030": "just showing how the rooms will be", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01260-00297031-00297175": "redesigned", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01261-00297176-00297415": "where we'll have exhibits and a sound", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01262-00297416-00297630": "studio to do national", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01263-00297631-00297903": "podcasts a multi-purpose room", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01264-00297904-00298143": "and a conference room and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01265-00298144-00298351": "next slide please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01266-00298352-00298567": "and but where it really all began in the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01267-00298568-00298767": "beginning of our journey was with the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01268-00298768-00299006": "former students who are still alive", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01269-00299007-00299247": "today who went to the school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01270-00299248-00299639": "including our um our leader", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01271-00299640-00299951": "uh sonny knot who i'm happy to introduce", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01272-00299952-00300223": "to all of you right now sunny welcome", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01273-00300224-00300303": "and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01274-00300304-00300487": "you know please feel free to share your", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01275-00300488-00302303": "perspectives", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01276-00302304-00302558": "son if you can turn on your video and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01277-00302559-00302751": "unmute your", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01278-00302752-00303615": "unmute your mic", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01279-00303616-00303927": "there we go", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01280-00303928-00304599": "and then just the mic too", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01281-00304600-00304727": "okay", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01282-00304728-00304863": "perfect", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01283-00304864-00305063": "no can you hear me now", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01284-00305064-00305295": "we can thank you very much okay great", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01285-00305296-00305558": "great yes i have the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01286-00305559-00305830": "the fortunate good time of attending the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01287-00305831-00306030": "107c", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01288-00306031-00306158": "i um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01289-00306159-00306371": "started there in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01290-00306372-00306695": "1937 in the second grade because my", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01291-00306696-00306991": "family originally was in maryland", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01292-00306992-00307167": "and i attended first grade down in a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01293-00307168-00307391": "little town called allentown but", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01294-00307392-00307727": "coming to huncuston was a treat for me", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01295-00307728-00307927": "and this school is very very important", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01296-00307928-00308167": "to the few of us that's left", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01297-00308168-00308343": "because i'm in my 90s so you know", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01298-00308344-00308558": "there's not many of us left right now so", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01299-00308559-00308782": "we're looking forward to this this great", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01300-00308783-00308910": "day um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01301-00308911-00309143": "when i attended to the 107 was a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01302-00309144-00309334": "one-room school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01303-00309335-00309671": "with six grades and one teacher", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01304-00309672-00309903": "and i've been asked many times uh", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01305-00309904-00310167": "how did the teacher control", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01306-00310168-00310495": "all of you kids but only but by yourself", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01307-00310496-00310671": "but you have to realize back during that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01308-00310672-00310895": "day there was a lot of discipline", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01309-00310896-00311095": "and the last thing we wanted", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01310-00311096-00311367": "was for our parents to come to school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01311-00311368-00311615": "because you messed up because my mother", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01312-00311616-00311743": "came to school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01313-00311744-00311934": "you can bet i just never lay down and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01314-00311935-00312079": "die because she was going to kill me", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01315-00312080-00312287": "anyway they didn't tolerate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01316-00312288-00312551": "the disrespect that goes on now in some", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01317-00312552-00312719": "of the schools", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01318-00312720-00312975": "but we had one room with six rows of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01319-00312976-00313247": "seats each row of seats was a great", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01320-00313248-00313423": "you went one two three four when you got", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01321-00313424-00313606": "to the sixth grade you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01322-00313607-00313863": "left there and you went to howard", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01323-00313864-00314063": "as i've been mentioned before howard is", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01324-00314064-00314230": "the only high school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01325-00314231-00314415": "in the state of delaware", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01326-00314416-00314575": "so you see that's why this is so", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01327-00314576-00314782": "important to us we're looking forward to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01328-00314783-00314895": "that day", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01329-00314896-00315167": "uh in june that when we can", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01330-00315168-00315399": "all gather together", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01331-00315400-00315710": "and walk through that door", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01332-00315711-00315903": "one more time", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01333-00315904-00316110": "we just want to walk through", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01334-00316111-00316391": "that wide door it's been closed so long", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01335-00316392-00316582": "and we we're so excited that the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01336-00316583-00316879": "historical society is saving this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01337-00316880-00317087": "building that way i can bring my", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01338-00317088-00317223": "grandchildren", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01339-00317224-00317375": "to show them where i got to start", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01340-00317376-00317575": "because people don't believe that you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01341-00317576-00317782": "went to a one-room school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01342-00317783-00318030": "and accomplished all you have to today", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01343-00318031-00318182": "but that's what we did and we're", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01344-00318183-00318415": "thankful for it so i once again i thank", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01345-00318416-00318527": "the committee", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01346-00318528-00318719": "and all those that are involved and we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01347-00318720-00318934": "look forward to the great day hopefully", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01348-00318935-00319182": "by the end of june i'll still be here", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01349-00319183-00319510": "god bless you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01350-00319511-00319710": "thank you so much sonny you have to be", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01351-00319711-00320047": "here that is our mission and you are our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01352-00320048-00320308": "motivation and you are such a you and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01353-00320309-00320447": "[Music]", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01354-00320448-00320703": "leroy and charlotte and robert and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01355-00320704-00321063": "blanche and charlie and lois all of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01356-00321064-00321239": "students that we've had that's the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01357-00321240-00321439": "greatest gift of all for us at hope", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01358-00321440-00321647": "kessinger is to get to know all of you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01359-00321648-00321863": "and to see the sheer joy", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01360-00321864-00322095": "in your eyes and to know the joy in your", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01361-00322096-00322391": "heart of being able to take this place", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01362-00322392-00322615": "of incredible meaning", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01363-00322616-00322871": "in so many people's lives and turning it", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01364-00322872-00323054": "into something that's going to have a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01365-00323055-00323175": "whole new life", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01366-00323176-00323382": "we're going to lighten it up in this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01367-00323383-00323671": "place in the future sunny in your and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01368-00323672-00323879": "all the other students honor and so", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01369-00323880-00324110": "getting into the programming next slide", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01370-00324111-00324295": "please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01371-00324296-00324503": "this is where the secret sauce is for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01372-00324504-00324671": "what we're going to do our programming", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01373-00324672-00324927": "focus and i'd like to introduce dr", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01374-00324928-00325151": "lynette edwards who has been", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01375-00325152-00325358": "incredibly", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01376-00325359-00325606": "active and involved in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01377-00325607-00325775": "pushing our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01378-00325776-00326079": "programming focus into the schools and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01379-00326080-00326310": "also working in a number of different", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01380-00326311-00326471": "areas so lynette", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01381-00326472-00326647": "welcome to our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01382-00326648-00326991": "program", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01383-00326992-00327247": "hello thank you david for a warm", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01384-00327248-00327423": "invitation and thank you everyone for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01385-00327424-00327682": "allowing me to be a part of this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01386-00327683-00327903": "wonderful webinar", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01387-00327904-00328078": "as you're looking at the slide i just", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01388-00328079-00328319": "want to give a little information about", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01389-00328320-00328471": "our center", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01390-00328472-00328654": "without reading the slide to you just", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01391-00328655-00328806": "give you a little bit more background of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01392-00328807-00329023": "what our center is about in the program", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01393-00329024-00329127": "focus", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01394-00329128-00329367": "our center incorporates the legacy and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01395-00329368-00329567": "presence of the african-american", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01396-00329568-00329839": "schoolhouse in hoquest in delaware and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01397-00329840-00330119": "there are three pillars of that legacy", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01398-00330120-00330327": "the first one is the initial schoolhouse", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01399-00330328-00330671": "structure there was a structure in 1829", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01400-00330672-00330903": "a structure in 1878", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01401-00330904-00331167": "and a structure in 1920", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01402-00331168-00331334": "the second of those pillars is that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01403-00331335-00331599": "single room brick house built by pierre", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01404-00331600-00331727": "s dupont", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01405-00331728-00332063": "which operated as a school from 1920 to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01406-00332064-00332230": "1959", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01407-00332231-00332447": "and our third pillar of our legacy is", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01408-00332448-00332703": "the hoe kessen case of beulah v gephardt", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01409-00332704-00332887": "which became an affiliate case of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01410-00332888-00333230": "brown v board of education um 1954", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01411-00333231-00333351": "decision", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01412-00333352-00333510": "so from the well-documented", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01413-00333511-00333710": "letter-writing campaign of mr fred", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01414-00333711-00333958": "beulah and his second wife miss sarah", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01415-00333959-00334167": "beulah on behalf of their adopted", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01416-00334168-00334391": "daughter shirley barbara beulah all the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01417-00334392-00334599": "way to the filing of the beulah b", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01418-00334600-00334854": "gephardt case which occurred on august", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01419-00334855-00335327": "the 17th 1951 by attorney lewis redding", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01420-00335328-00335575": "the hoques and color school 107 role in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01421-00335576-00335878": "education has remained a living history", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01422-00335879-00336063": "for student learning", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01423-00336064-00336263": "as you're looking at this slide we're", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01424-00336264-00336510": "talking about what our center will be", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01425-00336511-00336823": "involved in and our center is engaged in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01426-00336824-00337103": "tangible actions to broaden educational", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01427-00337104-00337367": "horizons and experiences throughout our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01428-00337368-00337599": "state we are currently collaborating", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01429-00337600-00337823": "with our elected officials who have", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01430-00337824-00338071": "passed legislation here in the state", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01431-00338072-00338358": "house bill number 198 to address and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01432-00338359-00338567": "embrace the contributions", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01433-00338568-00338887": "of our hidden figures that would include", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01434-00338888-00339063": "the beulah v gephardt case and the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01435-00339064-00339278": "belton v gephardt case", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01436-00339279-00339519": "our center will provide workshops and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01437-00339520-00339678": "training programs", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01438-00339679-00339919": "and opportunities for participants to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01439-00339920-00340151": "engage in personal and professional", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01440-00340152-00340358": "development in a location that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01441-00340359-00340647": "epitomizes what we like to say the hopes", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01442-00340648-00340878": "of the domestic tranquility that we want", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01443-00340879-00341087": "to see among humankind", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01444-00341088-00341310": "we at the friends of hoques and color", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01445-00341311-00341695": "school 107 unite with our partner sites", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01446-00341696-00341910": "to provide a narrative of our state's", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01447-00341911-00342127": "involvement and that monumental u.s", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01448-00342128-00342295": "supreme court decision", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01449-00342296-00342567": "so on april the 1st 1952", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01450-00342568-00342775": "the delaware court of chancery set that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01451-00342776-00343158": "cornerstone for our nation on august 28", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01452-00343159-00343319": "1952", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01453-00343320-00343567": "the delaware supreme court laid the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01454-00343568-00343991": "foundation and on may 17 1954", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01455-00343992-00344206": "the united states supreme court our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01456-00344207-00344430": "nation chartered that new course for", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01457-00344431-00344751": "american education in incorporating our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01458-00344752-00345127": "whole custom role of 107 it is our hope", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01459-00345128-00345351": "that our living history for student", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01460-00345352-00345606": "learning and that small building along", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01461-00345607-00345791": "with our diversity training workshop", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01462-00345792-00346006": "programs and a safe place to have", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01463-00346007-00346254": "community conversations will help us", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01464-00346255-00346519": "become that wonderful hub for innovation", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01465-00346520-00346743": "and collaboration we're so looking", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01466-00346744-00347023": "forward to the trajectory of opening our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01467-00347024-00347263": "new center and all of you being involved", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01468-00347264-00347454": "in coming to delaware to share in our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01469-00347455-00347695": "wonderful celebration of what we have", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01470-00347696-00347934": "done here in the state of delaware to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01471-00347935-00348239": "open the conversation about the pinnacle", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01472-00348240-00348558": "park place and part that delaware cases", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01473-00348559-00348799": "played in brownville board of education", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01474-00348800-00348991": "thanks david and i look forward to the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01475-00348992-00349119": "questions that are coming through the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01476-00349120-00349327": "chat", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01477-00349328-00349534": "awesome thank you dr lynette", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01478-00349535-00349767": "and um the key thing is on the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01479-00349768-00350095": "programming we've developed", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01480-00350096-00350351": "quite a few number of partners", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01481-00350352-00350582": "in our programming and the key thing", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01482-00350583-00350703": "would be", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01483-00350704-00350887": "that we're all", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01484-00350888-00350999": "really", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01485-00351000-00351239": "struggling and i include myself at the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01486-00351240-00351582": "top of that list on trying to create", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01487-00351583-00351854": "higher levels of cultural competency and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01488-00351855-00352110": "to really understand what it's like", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01489-00352111-00352239": "to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01490-00352240-00352615": "have experienced racism or gender", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01491-00352616-00353030": "issues or bias or ethnicity or religion", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01492-00353031-00353119": "and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01493-00353120-00353471": "to be able to teach people how to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01494-00353472-00353615": "be more", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01495-00353616-00353903": "competent culturally and also how to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01496-00353904-00354134": "really make the world a better place", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01497-00354135-00354263": "there's been an awful lot of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01498-00354264-00354439": "polarization", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01499-00354440-00354823": "in the last few years and we feel like", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01500-00354824-00355071": "between all of our locations and all of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01501-00355072-00355199": "our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01502-00355200-00355406": "hearts and souls that there really is an", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01503-00355407-00355623": "opportunity to bring the people that are", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01504-00355624-00355839": "conscious enough to realize that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01505-00355840-00356087": "we're all equal and that we need to all", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01506-00356088-00356310": "treat each other equally and respect", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01507-00356311-00356639": "each other equally and having the uh", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01508-00356640-00356903": "the late legacy of what happened in our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01509-00356904-00357199": "school and at howard and claymont as a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01510-00357200-00357503": "foundation to be able to create this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01511-00357504-00357799": "type of social change and also what i", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01512-00357800-00357927": "call to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01513-00357928-00358134": "elevate people's understanding of what", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01514-00358135-00358391": "social infrastructure is in the future", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01515-00358392-00358647": "is really uh unlimited limited", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01516-00358648-00358830": "opportunity and we just feel like the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01517-00358831-00359087": "programming is really the key to that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01518-00359088-00359303": "next slide please", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01519-00359304-00359575": "so most of all as we close out our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01520-00359576-00359703": "presentation", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01521-00359704-00359951": "we would love we would like to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01522-00359952-00360110": "express our tremendous amount of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01523-00360111-00360375": "gratitude for all of the people whose", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01524-00360376-00360654": "shoulders we stand on and all of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01525-00360655-00360910": "people that have been integral in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01526-00360911-00361110": "getting us to reach this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01527-00361111-00361454": "festive occasion of being hopefully", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01528-00361455-00361727": "60 days plus or minus away from being", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01529-00361728-00362006": "able to have sunny and the students walk", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01530-00362007-00362263": "back through the door again", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01531-00362264-00362503": "and in particular thank you to the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01532-00362504-00362758": "national trust leslie and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01533-00362759-00363054": "pam and priya and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01534-00363055-00363334": "everyone who's been so inclusive of us", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01535-00363335-00363558": "in bringing us into the whole national", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01536-00363559-00363871": "park service affiliate site process the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01537-00363872-00364078": "former hotestin students as we said we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01538-00364079-00364327": "have gotten to know you and love you and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01539-00364328-00364534": "you are our inspiration", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01540-00364535-00364854": "for all we do as volunteers and and it's", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01541-00364855-00365095": "really hard to capture", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01542-00365096-00365278": "senators koontz and harper and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01543-00365279-00365487": "representative lisa blunt rochester in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01544-00365488-00365799": "particular senator jim clyburn senator", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01545-00365800-00365982": "governor john carney and newcastle", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01546-00365983-00366215": "county executive matt meyer", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01547-00366216-00366654": "they are so dedicated and accessible and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01548-00366655-00366951": "supportive and in every way to us being", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01549-00366952-00367143": "able to get to the point where we are", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01550-00367144-00367471": "today that it's just amazing that they", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01551-00367472-00367710": "they care so much about all this and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01552-00367711-00367854": "have really been the ones that have", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01553-00367855-00368023": "allowed us to get to this point in so", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01554-00368024-00368230": "many ways so we're full of gratitude and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01555-00368231-00368423": "we're also full of excitement and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01556-00368424-00368719": "anticipation about what we can do that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01557-00368720-00368958": "really will be transformational to the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01558-00368959-00369239": "future of society and that's a pretty", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01559-00369240-00369447": "lofty goal but i think everyone that's", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01560-00369448-00369743": "on this call is invited to join the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01561-00369744-00369991": "party and help us to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01562-00369992-00370375": "create better communities more unity and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01563-00370376-00370630": "better understanding and acceptance of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01564-00370631-00370910": "each other regardless of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01565-00370911-00371095": "any other factor", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01566-00371096-00371630": "thank you so much", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01567-00371631-00371927": "thank you um we we're actually over time", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01568-00371928-00372278": "but are there any um questions um that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01569-00372279-00372702": "we can answer", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01570-00372703-00372927": "leslie this is brian there's one from dj", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01571-00372928-00373134": "um that you might want to respond to in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01572-00373135-00373263": "the q a", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01573-00373264-00373478": "i can read it if you'd like me to yeah", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01574-00373479-00373839": "can you okay um it's a from d the effort", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01575-00373840-00374015": "for recognition for these schools is", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01576-00374016-00374230": "fabulous our understanding is that the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01577-00374231-00374406": "shippo is reluctant to pursue national", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01578-00374407-00374695": "register status for hawkinson", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01579-00374696-00374895": "because its interior lacks historic", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01580-00374896-00375095": "integrity the exterior however is very", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01581-00375096-00375358": "much intact such significant buildings", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01582-00375359-00375495": "should be on the register which is", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01583-00375496-00375710": "separate question which is a separate", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01584-00375711-00375902": "question from the designation how can we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01585-00375903-00376063": "all work together to make this happen to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01586-00376064-00376382": "gain mps support", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01587-00376383-00376639": "um i can answer that dee", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01588-00376640-00376806": "how are you thank you for your question", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01589-00376807-00377023": "it's good to be good to hear from you um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01590-00377024-00377199": "we have a plan", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01591-00377200-00377495": "for the property involving uh working", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01592-00377496-00377687": "with the county", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01593-00377688-00377806": "sorry hold on", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01594-00377807-00377919": "um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01595-00377920-00378263": "we're working with the county and um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01596-00378264-00378447": "other stakeholders and particularly the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01597-00378448-00378606": "historic review board", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01598-00378607-00378839": "to uh ultimately", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01599-00378840-00379119": "get put a historic overlay in place", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01600-00379120-00379310": "for the school", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01601-00379311-00379727": "once we get our um occupancy and once we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01602-00379728-00379958": "finish up what we're doing and we have", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01603-00379959-00380119": "some plans and i haven't had a chance to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01604-00380120-00380351": "catch up with you on that are really", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01605-00380352-00380567": "exciting as far as how we can make that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01606-00380568-00380751": "work and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01607-00380752-00381095": "we have no problem trying to continue to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01608-00381096-00381439": "create national registration as well", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01609-00381440-00381678": "so um and that's something that we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01610-00381679-00381982": "always plan to do but we really", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01611-00381983-00382263": "felt the tremendous sense of urgency", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01612-00382264-00382519": "because the students are", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01613-00382520-00382734": "we're losing we've lost some of our", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01614-00382735-00382991": "students former students recently over", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01615-00382992-00383106": "the in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01616-00383107-00383495": "2022 mr and mrs jean fleming", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01617-00383496-00383702": "robert and jean", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01618-00383703-00383895": "and we want to try and", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01619-00383896-00384087": "get everyone to walk through the door", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01620-00384088-00384351": "again as soon as possible and we will", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01621-00384352-00384623": "absolutely be historically preserving", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01622-00384624-00384799": "everything about the property that we", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01623-00384800-00385199": "can", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01624-00385200-00385454": "david um another question just came in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01625-00385455-00385799": "and i think leslie you or pam can um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01626-00385800-00386063": "respond to this but is the focus of the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01627-00386064-00386310": "national trust work primary in newcastle", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01628-00386311-00386534": "primarily in newcastle county and i", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01629-00386535-00386647": "thought this would be a good opportunity", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01630-00386648-00386902": "to talk about the other sites", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01631-00386903-00387254": "um so no so in general the the work of", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01632-00387255-00387415": "the national trust", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01633-00387416-00387743": "is not just centered in newcastle county", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01634-00387744-00388047": "for this particular project", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01635-00388048-00388391": "the work of the trust is centered around", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01636-00388392-00388719": "sites in south carolina", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01637-00388720-00388847": "d.c", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01638-00388848-00389087": "virginia", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01639-00389088-00389375": "kansas and then in delaware um so it's", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01640-00389376-00389615": "it's focused on sites related to the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01641-00389616-00389999": "brown beef board case um so not just uh", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01642-00390000-00390543": "newcastle county", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01643-00390544-00390727": "great and i just put in the chat the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01644-00390728-00390895": "first link of a series of webinars that", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01645-00390896-00391087": "we've been doing on this work over the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01646-00391088-00391191": "last", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01647-00391192-00391495": "year or so um that link is for the first", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01648-00391496-00391639": "webinar but if you scroll all the way at", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01649-00391640-00391806": "the bottom i've got links to the other", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01650-00391807-00391951": "three we have done and i'll add the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01651-00391952-00392110": "recording for this one on this page as", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01652-00392111-00392375": "well as long as as well as putting it on", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01653-00392376-00392678": "its own page um i think those are", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01654-00392679-00392847": "all the questions that we've gotten in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01655-00392848-00392975": "the chat", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01656-00392976-00393167": "um and so leslie i'm going to leave it", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01657-00393168-00393375": "to you to close this out", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01658-00393376-00393910": "okay um so since we're over time um", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01659-00393911-00394143": "let's see the next one is uh keep the", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01660-00394144-00394439": "discussion going on uh form connect this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01661-00394440-00394702": "is our online community for people in", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01662-00394703-00394887": "the business of saving places we have", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01663-00394888-00395167": "active conversations happening all week", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01664-00395168-00395343": "around topics from section 106 to", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01665-00395344-00395623": "women's history at historic sites if you", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01666-00395624-00395854": "haven't joined connect yet you should", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01667-00395855-00395991": "it's a great place to keep up this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01668-00395992-00396399": "conversation and start more", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01669-00396400-00396567": "please join us for these upcoming", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01670-00396568-00396791": "preservation leadership forum webinars", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01671-00396792-00397015": "on april 12th at 2 p.m eastern we will", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01672-00397016-00397278": "be hosting a webinar calculating carbon", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01673-00397279-00397702": "savings from building reuse and retrofit", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01674-00397703-00397887": "and finally thank you to everyone who", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01675-00397888-00398095": "attended today's webinar a special thank", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01676-00398096-00398263": "you to our speakers for sharing their", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01677-00398264-00398463": "knowledge and expertise with us", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01678-00398464-00398639": "if you have any questions following this", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01679-00398640-00398854": "webinar please don't hesitate to contact", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01680-00398855-00399158": "us our email is forum at", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01681-00399159-00399519": "savingplaces.org", "z_JFqi1y4E8-01682-00399520-00399844": "thank you"}}, {"audio_id": "z_Lduqjry-M", "text": {"z_Lduqjry-M-00000-00000117-00000389": "the Philippines Department of Science", "z_Lduqjry-M-00001-00000390-00000596": "and Technology abbreviated as dust", 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