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geriatric medicine fellowships have begun to earn a berth in most department of medicine across the country T3 initial certification of added qualification in geriatric medicine aqgm will require a period of geriatrics fellowship training the requirements for accreditation of fellowship programs have been carefully developed and reflect emerging trends in GME nevertheless recruitment into geriatrics fellowship programs has fallen far short of that in many other internal medicine fellowship programs the lack of adequate reimbursement for the time and the DUE and management skills needed to care for frail elderly patients prevents geriatrics from being an attractive career on the other hand several AF suggest a brighter future the satisfaction of graduates of geriatriche enhanced sympathetic discharge crosses over to stimulate the CL ganglionic hacontaining neuron the sympathetic dischargeinduced peripheral loop reflex resulting in an increase in hd activity depends upon the integrity of the noradrenergic neuron an as yet unknown interaction seems to occur between the NE SN and the hacontaining SN in the rat vas deferens when the sympathetic activity of the latter is enhanced | MEDAL |
we present a methodology to assess cell level alterations on the human retina responsible for PET changes observable in the OCT data in healthy ageing and in disease conditions in the absence of structural alterations the methodology is based in a d multilayer monte carlo computational model of the human retina the optical properties of each layer are obtained by solving the maxwells equations for d domains representative of small regions of those layers using a discontinuous galerkin finite element method dgfem here we present the dgfem maxwell d model and its validation against mies theory for spherical scatterers we also present an application of our methodology to the assessment of cell level alterations responsible for the oct data in DME it was possible to identify which alterations are responsible for the changes observed in the oct scans of the diseased CG | MEDAL |
today health information technologies are constantly expanding and changing allowing more and more people to use different mobile applications to receive information and control their health condition based on the need to implement an application for pregnant women in the personal health record phr of hospital italiano de buenos aires hiba an australian survey was carried out to measure the use and utility of a pregnancy application pregnancy app our results were broadly in PA with the reference values the survey was distributed through social networks facebook and twitter during september we obtained responses from spanishspeaking women mostly argentinian in conclusion it could be observed that a pregnancy app offers the possibility of a greater followup and provides reassurance to the Pr women who use it | MEDAL |
exploring the structural diversity of a chemical system rests on three pillars first there is the global exploration of its SE landscape that allows one to predict which crystalline modifications can exist in a chemical system at a given temperature and pressure next there is the development of new synthesis methods in solidstate chemistry which require only very low activation energies such that even metastable modifications corresponding for example to minima on the landscape surrounded by low barriers can be realized finally there is the theoretical design of optimal synthesis routes again based on the T0 of the systems SE landscape in this paper the SE landscape approach to the prediction of SD and metastable EDC as a function of temperature and pressure is presented with a particular focus on possible phase transitions furthermore several examples are presented where nfertile females in order to avoid unnecessary in IVF procedures | MEDAL |
noonan syndrome is a developmental disorder with distinctive facial features short stature and cardiac CA in this crosssectional study we evaluated characteristic electrocardiographic ecg findings and cardiac abnormalities in patients with noonan syndrome of who were positive for a ptpn mutation as reported previously pulmonary stenosis was the most common cardiac abnormality followed by atrial septal defect and HCM cardiomyopathy the ecg showed at least one characteristic finding in of cases including left axis deviation in small r waves in the left precordial leads in and an abnormal q wave in patients with noonan syndrome a wide qrs complex was ND in any of these patients the characteristic ecg findings of noonan syndrome patients were not associated with a ptpn gene mutation or with a TPS cardiac anomaly we conclude that there are characteristic ecg findings in noonan syndrome but the ecg pattern is neither a useful tool for the phenotype characterization of a ptpn mutation nor for the presence or type of cardiac abnormality | MEDAL |
thrombocytosis is a frequent finding in hemograms obtained from hospitalized and ambulatory children due to the widespread use of automated blood cell counters pediatricians are commonly puzzled in cases of thrombocytosis to determine the underlying cause and the need for therapy the purpose of this review is to assist the GA pediatrician into dealing with this common hematological finding in every day clinical practice fortunately primary thrombocytosis or ET a clonal disease is exceedingly rare in childhood but may be associated with thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications on the other hand AA or reactive thrombocytosis is very common and is due to a variety of conditions such as acute and chronic infections iron deficiency one hemolytic anemias collagen vascular diseases HM drugs and splenectomy treatment of RT should be directed to the underlying problem CT administration of PLT aggregation inhibitors such as aspirin is unwarranted consultation is necessary only for the rare child with extreme thrombocytosis who has clinical andor laboratory criteria consistent with essential thrombocythemia or in whom a hemorrhagic or thrombotic complication has developed | MEDAL |
two sequencing batch reactors sbrs instantaneously fed with mgl chlorophenol cp were operated at different feed peptone concentrations to investigate the effect of biogenic ATP peptone concentrations on reactor performance yield coefficient y and cp Kd kinetics one of the reactors was operated at days of sludge retention time srt and the other was operated at days of srt high COD cod removal efficiencies and CR cp removals detection limit was mgl were observed even in the absence of peptone accumulation of chlorohydroxymuconic semialdehyde chms meta cleavage product of cp was observed which was completely removed at the end of the reactor cycle it was concluded that decreasing peptone concentrations did not affect cp Kd profiles and haldane equation can be satisfactorily used to predict time course variation of cp concentrations it was assumed that specialists competent biomass are only responsible for cp degradation and its concentration was constant although peptone concentration in the feed was varied as competent biomass grows on cp only MM developed using this assumption well tracked the experimental data the kinetic coefficients obtained for the reactor operated at days of srt were also valid for the reactor operated at days of srt although higher degradation rates were observed due to higher steady state biomass concentrations | MEDAL |
to evaluate the NC in sensory status and qualityoflife measures in adults with longstanding childhoodonset constant strabismus | MEDAL |
the oncogenic microrna contributes to the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma ibrutinib also referred to as pci an inhibitor of brutons tyrosine kinase while its effects on multiple myeloma have not been well described here we show that microrna is an oncogenic marker closely linked with progression of multiple myeloma moreover ibrutinib attenuates microrna expression in multiple myeloma cells by inhibiting nuclear factorκb and signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathways taken together our results suggest that ibrutinib is a promising potential treatment for multiple myeloma further investigation of mechanisms of ibrutinib function in multiple myeloma will be necessary to evaluate its use as a novel multiple myeloma treatment | MEDAL |
we studied the blocking properties of a spider nephila clavata toxin jstx purified from venom on the spiny lobster NM junction when a small amount of jstx was applied to the neuromuscular junction the excitatory postsynaptic potential epsp was partially suppressed the amplitude of epsps remained at a steady level for several hours during the washing of the preparation showing that the action of jstx is irreversible we recorded the excitatory postsynaptic current epsc from synaptic site using a macropatch electrode the amplitude of epsc increased linearly with hyperpolarization of the membrane potential in the presence and absence of jstx the decay phase time constant of epsc and spontaneous epsc was decreased by hyperpolarizing the membrane potential both in the absence and in the presence of jstx the relationship between the decay TC and the membrane potential was not modified by jstx it is suggested that jstx irreversibly blocks epsc by acting on the site that is apart from the ionic channel of the glutamate receptor molecule | MEDAL |
largescale genomic sequencing projects have provided dna CS informatius was isolated that appeared similar to monkey b virus techniques available at the time did not allow precise ID of the virus analysis of serum from one surviving monkey collected years after the outbreak revealed a pattern of CR characteristic of b viruspositive serum on the basis of results of elisa and WB analysis polymerase chain reaction analysis of archived paraffinembedded tissue specimens and molecular analysis of the one viral isolate obtained from a debrazzas monkey indicated that the virus responsible for the outbreak was a new genotype of b virus testing of sera from liontailed macaques macaca silenus housed in an adjacent cage at the same zoo indicated that these animals harbored this virus and thus were the likely source of the virus that INF the debrazzas monkeys this T0 documents usefulness of archiving samples from disease outbreaks for later analysis in addition this incident underscores the importance of considering herpes b virus infection when outbreaks of disease having characteristics of herpetic infections develop in nonhuman primates kept at institutions that also house macaques | MEDAL |
the responses of in vitro colonyforming cells granulocytemacrophage progenitor cells were studied in the bone marrow SP and blood of mice after intraperitoneal i.t. of plaqueforming units of ectromelia virus this T0 showed that a colonyforming cell response occurred during infection and was accompanied by an increase in the SS level of colonystimulating factor and at a later stage colonyinhibiting factor changes in the proportions of colonyforming cells were not due to relative changes in other cell populations the relationships between colonyforming cell responses and levels of infection were complex higher C2 of infection being associated with good colonyforming cell responses in bone marrow and apparently poor colonyforming cell responses in blood and SP | MEDAL |
we created a MM surveillance system medx designed to enable medical examiners and coroners to recognize fatal infections of public health importance and deaths due to bioterrorism all individuals who died in new mexico and fell under medical examiner jurisdiction between november and november were prospectively evaluated using sets of surveillance PS and autopsybased pathologic syndromes all infectious disease deaths were evaluated to identify the specific causative agent of jurisdictional cases met medx criteria of which had a target pathologic syndrome ultimately of the cases were due to infections the causative organism was identified for of the infectious disease deaths of which were notifiable conditions in new mexico flulike symptoms fever and respiratory PS and HIVE or newonset seizures had predictive values positive for fatal infections of and respectively and are useful as autopsy performance criteria before the OD of surveillance criteria of the cases ordinarily would not have been autopsied resulting in a increase in autopsy workload medx is an ERP method of detecting infectious disease deaths among medical examiner cases uniform criteria for performing ME autopsies and reporting cases to public health authorities enhance surveillance for notifiable infectious diseases and increase the likelihood of recognizing deaths related to bioterrorism | MEDAL |
collecting data for dental caries studies is costly in countries where uniform patient records are available for virtually the whole population it is tempting to use them as a data source our aim was to compare data collected from patient records to those obtained by trained examiners in and dentists who were specially trained and calibrated examined random samples of and yearolds living in two towns in finland the dental record of each child was obtained from public dental clinics the dental status was entered into a computer file and the dmfs value was calculated data were available for children in the two data sets of the tooth surfaces were recorded differently dmf vs sound with the related kappa value being in two thirds of the discrepancies the reason was that a filling was marked in only oneal agent against all the isolates tested was danofloxacin with MIC concentrations mics for of the isolates mic not exceeding and microgml for gramnegative and GP isolates respectively conversely high mics were recorded for all the isolates tested against chlortetracycline and OTC mic range of to microgml except for the l monocytogenes and salm enteritidis isolates mic range of or microgml neomycin was found to be active against s aureus l innocua l monocytogenes salm enteritidis and salm isangi isolates with mics not exceeding microgml mic ranges for tylosin and vancomycin which were only tested against the GP isolates were from to microgml and from to microgml respectively the mic range for the remaining antimicrobial agent colistin which was only tested against the salmonella isolates was microgml the lack of mic breakpoints for the antimicrobial agents used in the poultry industry did not allow for definite conclusions as to the level of resistant bacteria associated with poultry carcasses and the processing environment in this study | MEDAL |
prolonged retained placenta causing a delayed PPH is a relatively common occurrence however there is a dearth of medical literature describing fertilitypreserving treatments when standard therapy fails we present two cases in which protracted retained placenta due to placenta accreta was successfully treated by hysteroscopic resection two nulliparous women had spontaneous vaginal deliveries requiring manual placental extraction both experienced delayed PP hemorrhage and underwent suction curettage with ultrasound guidance both patients were found to have persistent POC with imaging consistent with placenta accreta both patients failed expectant management and subsequently underwent hysteroscopic resection with complete resolution of their symptoms we conclude that hysteroscopic resection is a conservative therapeutic option for placenta accreta in SD patients | MEDAL |
overactive bladder and urgency incontinence are common conditions generally treated with oral anticholinergic medication despite the development of new antimuscarinic substances many patients are refractory to or cannot tolerate the oral therapy due to severe SE intravesical instillation therapy can provide an alternative method to manage DO intravesical instillation of anticholinergics such as oxybutynin and trospium chloride can achieve ACh blockade without producing SVR SE botulinum toxin type a injections into the detrusor have been shown to increase BC and to decrease DO for or more months intravesical LAs such as lidocaine and BUP block the conduction of unmyelinated c fibers which results in an increase of functional bladder capacity intravesical capsaicin and resiniferatoxin also affect the afferent c fiber innervation of the bladder leading to a decrease in detrusor overactivity and also an increased BC the use of intravesical anticholinergics and of local anesthetic medications both known for their shortterm tau is limited due to the necessity of daily intermittent catheterization in conclusion intravesical therapies can provide an alternative treatment for the management of overactive bladder | MEDAL |
ketopantoyllactone reductase dehydropantoyllactone reductase ec was purified and crystallized from cells of candida parapsilosis ifo the enzyme was found to be homogeneous on UC highperformance gelpermeation liquid chromatography and sdspolyacrylamide gel PACE the relative molecular mass of the native and sdstreated enzyme is approximately d golgi techniques we have found that the bl receives an intense cholinergic innervation from the ventral forebrain cholinergic system and for the first time described a group of intrinsic ACh SN in the bl the innervation from the primary olfactory SC and the thalamus as well as the gabaergic innervation of the amygdalostriatal projection neurons is also described electron microscopic analyses have shown that the cholinergic system as well as the thalamic afferents primarily innervate the distal dendritic arbor of the projection SN in the bl whereas the gabaergic fibers are directed primarily towards their soma and proximal dendrites correlated light and electron microscopic studies have revealed that the PNs in the bl share many features with pyramidal and spiny stellate cells in the cerebral cortex the ultrastructural characteristics of the afferent fiber systems and of the nonprojection neurons in the bl are also reminiscent of the situation in the cerebral cortex the observations reported in this T0 lend further support to the concept of a corticallike organization of the bl the anatomical observations of the bl are discussed particularly in relation to three major forebrain systems the ventral striatopallidal system the continuum formed by the centromedial amygdala the substantia innominata and the bed nucleus of the ST and the cholinergic VP forebrain system the clinical implications of the results obtained in this series of exp studies are discussed in relation to alzheimers disease and complex partial seizures the cholinergic system in particular has attracted much interest in relation to senile dementia of alzheimers type sdat which often seems to be characterized by disruption of the ventral forebrain cholinergic projection system we have found that the cholinergic innervation of the bl is often significantly reduced in sdat but interestingly enough the Az of the basolateral amygdala with the highest content of cholinergic markers contain the smallest numbers of senile plaques | MEDAL |
an enrichment BB cultureduplex pcr combination assay was devised to identify clostridium perfringens directly from fecal samples the method consists of a combination of short enrichment of samples in selective media dna isolation and performing duplex pcr using two pairs of primers which identify c perfringens strains that harbor the virulence enterotoxin gene comparison of two selective enrichment media and two incubation temperatures showed that the reinforced clostridial medium with neomycin was better than the fluid thioglycollate medium with neomycin p and incubation at degrees c vs degrees c showed no statistically significant difference p the optimal short time for preenrichment culture was hours the developed assay was applied to detect phospholipase c plc and enterotoxin cpe genes for c perfringens in feces inoculated artificially with enterotoxigenic c perfringens the method could detect both gene products in samples inoculated with a minimum of cfu per ml when the method was applied to detect enterotoxigenic c perfringens in diarrhea patients c perfringens was found in samples out of samples were positive for both plc and cpe prevalence of these results indicate that the developed CA was a suitable method for the rapid and TPS PCD of enterotoxigenic c perfringens directly in fecal specimens of diarrhea patients which will assist epidemiological investigations of food poisoning outbreaks and quality control of food products | MEDAL |
microsporidia are highly adapted eukaryotic intracellular parasites that infect a variety of animals microsporidia contain no recognisable mitochondrion but recently have been shown to have evolved from fungi and to possess heat shock protein genes derived from mitochondria these findings make it clear that microsporidian ancestors were mitochondrial yet it remains unknown whether they still contain the organelle and if so what its role in microsporidian metabolism might be here we have characterised genes encoding the alpha and beta subunits of Pyr dehydrogenase complex e pdh ec from the microsporidian nosema locustae all other amitochondriate eukaryotes studied to date have lost the pdh complex and replaced it with pyruvateferredoxin oxidoreductase pfor nevertheless molecular phylogeny shows that these nosema enzymes are most closely related to mitochondrial pdh from other eukaryotes demonstrating that elements of mitochondrial metabolism have been retained in microsporidia and that pdh has not been wholly lost however there is still no evidence for a mitochondrion in microsporidia and neither pdh subunit is predicted to encode an amino terminal leader CS that could function as a mitochondriontargeting transit peptide raising questions as to whether these proteins function in a relic organelle or in the cytosol moreover it is also unclear whether these proteins remain part of the pdh complex or whether they have been retained for another purpose we propose that microsporidia may utilise a unique pyruvate decarboxylation pathway involving pdh demonstrating once again the diversity of core metabolism in amitochondriate eukaryotes | MEDAL |
stenoses and occlusions of the anterior middle pre and postcommunicating posterior cerebral and BA and intracranial VAs are reliably detected by TCD tcd and transcranial color duplex sonography tccs diagnosis of carotid siphon stenosis is consistently obtained by transorbital doppler US internationally accepted criteria for diagnosing intracranial arterial obstructions are lacking both tcd and tccs reliably identify collateral flow through the anterior and posterior communicating arteries it is unclear whether tccs is more accurate than tcd for detecting intracranial obstructions and collaterals as no study has examined this issue | MEDAL |
male rats were injected with hpcp mgkg mcirat into the tail vein three minutes later the rats were anesthetized frozen and their heads processed for autoradiographic study the autoradiograms illustrated diffuse distribution of hpcp or its metabolites in the whole brain tissue increased intensity was observed in the hippocampus corpus callosum subicullum thalamus colliculus caudalis nucleus caudatus putamen hypothalamus and cerebellum these labelled regions are in accord with those which were found to change glucose metabolism as has been observed by monitoring labelled deoxyglucose before and T3 pcp i.t. in addition to the previously mentioned sites radioactivity is seen in the olfactory bulb chiasma opticus and parts of the eye lens cortex retina cilliary body the presence of radioactivity in the chiasma opticus as well as in various parts of the eye itself may partially explain the effect of pcp on the eye and on vision | MEDAL |
in cell cultures previously treated with homologous interferon the magnitude of antiviral activity and the degree of stimulation of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction appear to be directly related in a HP mouse interferon preparation the factor stimulating hydroxylase induction and the factor directing antiviral activity are inactivated by heating to c or by treating with trypsin also both activities demonstrate species specificity | MEDAL |
CPF i cf i is one of four AF required in vitro for yeast premrna end processing two protein components of this factor encoded by genes rna and rna have already been identified we describe here another gene pcf for protein of cf i that genetically interacts with rna and rna and which presumably codes for a third protein component of cf i this gene was isolated in a twohybrid screening designed to identify proteins interacting with rna and rna pcf is an essential gene encoding for a protein of amino acids having an apparent molecular mass of kda ts mutations in pcf are synergistically lethal with thermosensitive alleles of rna and rna the pcf thermosensitive CS shows a shortening of the polya tails and a strong decrease in the steadystate level of actin transcripts T3 a shift to the NPT as do the ts alleles of rna and rna extracts from the pcf and pcf thermosensitive strains and the wildtype strain when pcf is neutralized by specific antibodies are deficient in cleavage and polyadenylation moreover fractions obtained by anionexchange chromatography of extracts from the wildtype CS contain both pcf and rna in the same fractions as shown by immunoblotting with a pcfspecific antibody | MEDAL |
making clinical information available for research is not only relevant for healthcare institutions but also for regional ehrs as crosssectorial information can be made accessible in the infopat IT for patientoriented health care in the rhineneckar metropolitan region project we are thus implementing both a regional personal crossenterprise electronic health record pehr and a regional research platform rrp based on information from the pehr ihe profiles are implemented to achieve interoperability between healthcare institutions electronic medical records emr and pehr on the one hand as well as pehr and rrp on the other hand the use case for the rrp is crosssectorial quality assessment and improvement for colorectal cancer based on a SQ indicator qi approach including patients perspectives for semantic interoperability the responses are transferred in the form of hl cda l documents the resulting architecture for a rrp shows that implementing a pehr in combination with a rrp based on international communication standards is possible also ihe xds can be used for integration of patient care and biomedical research infrastructures | MEDAL |
during the period between january and july in our department patients were operated on account of heart disease from median sternotomy in patients ie in during the early postoperative period the surgical wound disintegrated incl dehiscence of the sternum and the development of postoperative mediastinitis in of these patients the authors reconstructed the defect of the thoracic wall by their own modification of jurkiewicz plastic T0 using the pectoral muscles one patient from this group died in the remaining patients the wound healed without deformity of the chest and without signs of instability without restriction of movement and function | MEDAL |
cardiac doppler echocardiography is a suitable method for to evaluating right heart hemodynamics however the surgical correction of tricuspid valve annuloplasty changes valve geometry and might possibly lead to a technical obstacle to this estimation the accuracy of doppler echocardiography in the assessment of TR and systolic pulmonary pressure in patients who had undergone de vega annuloplasty was evaluated in this T0 ten patients females and male mean age years who had a previous de vega annuloplasty for the treatment of TR due to a severe MS underwent a doppler echocardiography T0 and within two hours RA heart catheterization for a direct comparison of parameters calculated by different methods RA ventricularatrial maximal pressure gradient was found to be mmhg by doppler and mmhg by catheterization pulmonary SP was mmhg at doppler and mmhg at catheterization with a highly significant correlation between the techniques r p with semiquantitative doppler evaluation patients showed TI which was mild in and medium in at catheterization all patients were found to have mild tricuspid insufficiency cardiac doppler seems a reliable method in the DUE of TR and of pulmonary systolic pressure even in patients who underwent de vega annuloplasty | MEDAL |
in an effort to extend automated edman degradation to nanomole quantities of protein the method of sequenator analysis described by edman and begg edman p and begg g eur j biochem was modified to permit long degradations in the absence of carrier proteins by using an aqueous m quadrol program with limited combined benezeneethyl acetate solvent extractions as well as a NC in the delivery system for heptafluorobutyric acid it was possible to recover and identify the first amino acid residues from a sequenator run on nmol of myoglobin for nmol of myoglobin steps could be identified pthamino acids were identified by gasliquid chromatography and thinlayer chromatography on polyamide sheets without using a carrier protein the cup to prevent mechanical losses niall h d jacobs j w van rietshoten j and tregear g w febs lett the repetitive yield using this program was the same program has been applied successfully to peptides of or more residues with or without modification by braunitzers reagent and to a number of larger peptides and proteins including a residue segment of rb antibody heavy chain in which a sequence of steps was accomplished on nmol | MEDAL |
hemodialysishd patients are at risk for B1 deficiency because of low NI and accelerated loss of thiamine during hd we report here an hd patient an yearold woman who developed acute HIVE due to TD with hyperammonemia she was admitted to nishikawa town hospital due to pneumonia and was treated with abpcsbt for one week while she was cured of pneumonia she had a persistently poor appetite on the twentyfourth day after admission hd with intradialytic parenteral nutritionidpn which consisted of glucose ml in order to correct her malnutrition was started she suddenly presented confusion speech disturbance and ophthalmoplegia hd with idpn was stopped after two hours because of her PS laboratory studies disclosed plasma glucose of mgdl and serum ammonium of microgramsdl ABG analysisinhaling lmin o showed severe metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis ph pco mmhg po mmhg hco mmoll her malnutrition unexplained MA and neurological presentation raised the suspicion of acute HIVE due to TD fursultiamine mg was i.v. after two hours metabolic acidosis disappeared ph pco mmhg po mmhg hco mmoll and she regained her clear consciousness and serum ammonium decreased at microgramsdl on the next morning SS lactate and B1 level were shown later to be mgdl and nmoll respectively her clinical course suggests that the gl load including idpn may have caused deterioration of the neurological disorder under the condition of TD furthermore it is possible that a relationship exists between B1 deficiency and hyperammonemia | MEDAL |
soybean hulls sbh are a fiberrich coproduct of the soybean oil extraction process that corresponds to of the soybean seed despite being readily available and priced competitively sbh are underutilized in monogastric nutrition thus the objective of this study was to evaluate sbh as a dietary fiber in canine diets four diets were formulated with either sbh beet pulp bp or cellulose cl as the main source of dietary fiber total DF tdf with the control diet formulated with no supplemental fiber nf animal procedures were approved by the university of illinois institutional animal care and use EC eight adult female beagle mean age ± yr mean bw ± kg were used in a replicated à latin square design each period consisted of d with d of diet adaptation followed by d of total fecal and urine collections at the end of each period a blood sample was collected and analyzed for SS chemistry food was offered twice daily and fed to maintain body weight food NI gd on a DM basis dmb did not differ among treatments fecal score was lower p for dogs fed cl in contrast with other dietary treatments using a point scale hard dry pellets diarrhea fecal asis and dm SO did not differ for dogs fed bp cl or sbh and were approximately greater p than dogs fed nf apparent total tract digestibility attd of DM organic matter and GE were greater p for dogs fed nf when compared with dogs fed bp cl or sbh dogs fed cl had greater p ahf attd compared with all other treatments mean dogs fed cl and nf had greater p cp attd and respectively while dogs fed sbh were intermediate and dogs fed bp were lowest total shortchain fatty acid scfa concentration was greatest in dogs fed bp μmolg and sbh μmolg when compared with nf and cl and μmolg respectively serum metabolites were withinreference ranges and dogs remained healthy throughout the T0 in conclusion sbh resulted in similar macronutrient attd when compared with bp and cl dogs fed sbh were also observed to have an increase in fecal scfa concentration in GA high level addition of sbh were wellutilized by the dog resulting in no untoward effects on dog health nutrient digestibility or fecal characteristics | MEDAL |
the aim of this study was to determine the longterm prognostic value of the duke activity status indexestimated metabolic equivalents mets values among women with suspected ischemic heart disease at a median of years the incidence of death was in those with mets versus in mets p in conclusion use of the simple patientreported duke activity status index could help identify higherrisk women with suspected ischemic heart disease for targeted risk management | MEDAL |
this study presents two novel theoretical models to elucidate frequency sensitive nuclear mechanisms in lowintensity ultrasound enhanced bioeffects in contrast to the typical mhz pulsed ultrasound regime our group previously experimentally confirmed that ultrasound stimulation of anchored chondrocytes at resonant frequency maximized gene expression of load inducible genes which are regulatory markers for cellular response to external stimuli however erk phosphorylation displayed no frequency dependency suggesting that the biochemical mechanisms involved in enhanced mRNA is downstream of erk phosphorylation to elucidate such underlying mechanisms this study presents a theoretical MM of an anchored cell representing an in vitro chondrocyte in an ultrasound field the MM results showed that the mechanical energy storage is maximized at the chondrocytes resonant frequency and the energy density in the nucleus is almost twice as high as in the cytoplasm next a mechanochemical MM was developed to link the mechanical for improved spatial resolution opt up to μm all three methods use the microscopes existing incoherent light source ie arclamp and all of its inherent functionality is maintained for daytoday use opt acquisitions are performed on in vivo zebrafish embryos to demonstrate the implementations viability | MEDAL |
theodore h bullock was a pioneer of integrative and comparative neurobiology and one of the founders of neuroethology his workdistinguished by the tremendous number of different research themes and animal taxa studiedprovided the basis for a comprehensive analysis of brain evolution among his major achievements are one of the first physiological analyses of rhythmic central pattern generators the first simultaneous recording from both the presynaptic and postsynaptic region of a chemical synapse the demonstration of intercellular communication through graded potentials and the discovery of two novel sensory organs formed by infrared receptors in pit vipers and electroreceptors in electric fish he was also one of the first who applied computational tools to the analysis of complex neural signals and to perform a comparative analysis of cognitive events his twovolume treatise structure and CF in the NS of invertebrates with g adrian horridge remains the most comprehensive authoritative review of this topic ever written in addition to his research merits his legacy is particularly based on his cosmopolitan way of thinking and acting his large worldwide school of students and his committed advocacy for comparative and systemsoriented neurobiology | MEDAL |
deltaaminolevulinic acidphotodynamic therapy alapdt has emerged as a useful technique in the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma actinic keratosis squamous cell carcinoma and tumors of other organs earlier reports mention that there is reappearance of PP ix ppix T3 photoirradiation of tumors this property of reappearance of ppix is being utilized to treat nodular tumors by fractionated light dose delivery however there is still no unanimously accepted reason for this reappearance phenomenon and the rate of resynthesis after pdt on account of this studies are carried out on the estimation of the pharmacokinetics of the alainduced ppix in mice RT models and the surrounding normal tissues before and T3 pdt further a mathematical model based on a multiple compartment system is proposed to estimate the rate parameter for the DWI of ppix from the surrounding normal tissues into the tumor tissue km caused by photobleaching during pdt with irradiating fluences of and jcm the km value at two different fluences and jcm are estimated as h and h respectively further the rate parameter for the cleavage and efflux of ala k and the rate parameter for the evasion of ppix from the tumor tissues after pdt kt were also estimated by fitting the exp data to the developed mathematical model the statistical significance of the estimated parameters was determined using students ttest the experimental results and the rate parameters obtained using the proposed compartment MM suggest that in addition to the earlier reported reasons the invasion or diffusion of ppix from the surrounding tissues to the tumor tissues after photoirradiation might also contribute to the reappearance of ppix after pdt | MEDAL |
to evaluate the activity of the antitumor enzyme l asparaginase asnase on RT cells of mesenchymal origin and the contribution of glutamine synthetase gs to the adaptation to the metabolic stress caused by the antitumor enzyme | MEDAL |
a yearold man with lesions of the BL MLF mlf and left paramedian pontine reticular formation pprf caused by an infarction in the pontine tegmentum was reported on admission the ocular position of the left eye on forward gaze was fixed at the midline while the RA eye was abducted and skew deviation was observed on leftward gaze neither eye could pass the midline and on rightward gaze the right eye was abducted with monocular nystagmus indicating paralytic pontine exotropia on the fifth day the BL eyes were abducted on forward gaze on leftward gaze the left eye was abducted slightly with monocular nystagmus on rightward gaze the RA eye was abducted with monocular nystagmus this issue was considered to be walleyed bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia webino on the th day right mlf syndrome was noted about months later the disturbances of ocular movement disappeared tweighted mri showed high signal intenration T3 major hepatic resection are discussed | MEDAL |
trandolapril is the prodrug of an angiotensinconverting enzyme ace inhibitor it has been proposed that its AS metabolite trandolaprilat is mainly excreted in bile but this has not been clearly demonstrated recently it has been reported that temocaprilat an active metabolite of the ace inhibitor temocapril is effectively excreted in bile via an atpdependent active transporter cLPM multispecific organic anion transporte a new dinucleotide with an internucleotide phosphate bond that is unusually resistant to exonucleases this compound exhibits potent antihiv integrase activity | MEDAL |
the control of coronary heart disease chd depends primarily on its prevention at an early stage it is generally agreed that this depends upon the elimination or treatment of the known risk AF for chd among these hyperlipidaemia occupies a central position the diagnosis and treatment of this condition is the subject of this statement before initiating therapy for primary hyperlipidaemia the common causes of AA hyperlipidaemia are sought and dealt with including diabetes HT overuse of alcohol renal and CL diseases and certain drugs next an assessment of all risk AF for chd is carried out ie family history of chd smoking hypertension HD lipoprotein hdl cholesterol measurement diabetes mellitus and overweight more IT is called for in patients with multiple risk AF than in those with lone hyperlipidaemia and also T3 successful bypass operation or T3 coronary angioplasty DUE of hyperlipidaemia in the patients family is often appropriate the diagnosis and followup of the hyperlipidaemic patient depend on reliable and wellcontrolled laboratory support the primary hyperlipidaemias include several distinct diseases that are characterized by elevated serum C2 of cholesterol andor triglyceride with or without abnormally low levels of hdl cholesterol from these measurements lowdensity lipoprotein ldl cholesterol C2 are calculated except when TG are greater than mg dl mmol l elevated ldl C2 are causally important in atherosclerosis and occur in three disorders FH familial combined hyperlipidaemia and common hypercholesterolaemia the finding of elevated serum triglyceride without marked HC may occur in familial HTG and sometimes in familial combined hyperlipidaemia elevation of serum cholesterol and triglyceride can have several genetic bases including remnant type iii hyperlipidaemia and familial combined hyperlipidaemia the characteristic feature of remnant type iii hyperlipidaemia demonstrated by ultracentrifugation in a specialized laboratory is the presence of cholesterol and triglyceriderich very low density lipoproteins vldl whereas combined mixed hyperlipidaemia is diagnosed when both vldl of normal composition and ldl levels are elevated investigation of other family members is necessary to make the diagnosis of familial combined hyperlipidaemia it depends on the ID of different lipoprotein profiles in affected members of the same familyabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
for the measurement of the tetracyclic antidepressant MAP in human SS a gas chromatographic method with flameionization detection has been developed the assay specifications obtained are as follows a precision cv of and a relative recovery of using amitriptyline as internal standard the sensitivity of the assay from serum was nmoll the applicability of the method has been shown by measuring steadystate SS C2 of five inpatients the steadystate serum levels of MAP given at a daily dosage of mg varied from to nmoll | MEDAL |
growth hormonebinding protein ghbp C2 were studied in cord serum of human infants born T3 to wk of gestation and in serum of infants aged to mo ghbp C2 were measured by hplcgel filtration of SS incubated overnight with ihgh the radioactive elution profile revealed two small ihgh peaks of high molecular weight and a large peak corresponding to monomeric ihgh the first peak of high molecular weight was variable showed some of the characteristics high molecular weight displaceability by a C1 excess of unlabeled hgh of the described LA high capacity ghbp and did not correlate with gestational age or birth weight peak ibp the second peak was identified as ihgh bound to the high affinity low capacity ghbp peak iibp mean sd specific binding of ihgh to this peak was significantly p less than different between preterm infants n term infants at birth n and to moold infants n to evaluate the effect of intrauterine nutritional state the ponderal index weightlengths was calculated peak iibp C2 were lower p less than in infants with the ponderal index less than n than in those with the ponderal index between and n or greater than n abstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the p wave in the surface ecg represents atrial electrical activation and may be altered in certain pathological conditions atrial compartment T0 has been used to convert chronic af to SR however this procedure may result in changes of impulse conduction in various atrial compartments and alters the p wave morphology this study sought to elucidate the p wave changes T3 the atrial compartment T0 for af fifteen patients undergoing the atrial compartment T0 for chronic af were studied in the T0 the atrium was divided into three compartments namely the left atrium the atrial septum including sinus and av nodes and the right atrial compartment the anatomic connection between adjacent compartments were preserved at the posterior lower SM of incisions the surface lead p waves were correlated with intracardiac recording and stimulation in various atrial compartments fifteen age and sexmatched control patients without structural heart diseases were compared the results showed that patients undergoing the atrial compartment operation had a prolonged p wave duration v s ms p a prolonged pr interval vs ms p and a shortened pr segment vs ms p the increase in p wave duration was primarily due to a conduction delay from the sinus node to the other atrial compartments as the conduction time from the high RA atrium to the RAA was msvs ms for controlp and the conduction time from the HRA to the distal coronary sinus was msvs ms p however the conduction from the HRA to the low septal right atrium which were located in the same compartment was not impaired also the conduction in the av node and hispurkinje system were not impaired the mean axis of p waves varied greatly but was not statistically different from that of the control group degrees vs degreesp although the patients undergoing atrial compartment T0 had a larger left atrial size their p PWA was smaller vs mm p and an increased negative terminal force in v was not seen vs mms p alteration in p wave morphology was seen in patients all the p waves showed a biphasic configuration with an initial positive and a terminal slurred negative deflection in leads ii iii and avf the terminal components represented the activation of RAA in patients the LA in and the combined activation of RAA and the left atrium in patients the p wave morphology suggested that activation of both the RAA and the left atrial compartments proceeded in a caudocranial direction as a result of the atrial incisions in conclusion atrial compartment T0 altered the conduction time and direction in the atria and resulted in characteristic p wave changes | MEDAL |
the influence of contralateral AEP stimulation on otoacoustic emissions oae spontaneous oae evoked oae and acoustic distortion products can be summarized as follows alteration mainly a decrease of oae amplitude alteration of response spectrum upward shift frequency of soae alteration of phase effect dependent on intensity of CL stimulation effect inversely dependent on intensity of ipsilateral stimulation frequency specificity of the suppressive effect involvement of the medial olivocochlear bundle is highly probable but one cannot exclude a double pathway including also the acoustic reflex | MEDAL |
apoptosis is reduced in the synovial tissue of patients with RA ICA ra possibly due to decreased expression of proapoptotic genes PCD pdcd has been recently identified as a protein that mediates apoptosis although pdcd is downregulated in many human tumors the role of pdcd in ra has not been investigated here we report that reduced levels of pdcd mrna and protein are detected in ra synovial tissue st and fibroblastlike synoviocytes fls than in tissue and cells from patients with osteoarthritis oa we also report differences in the pdcd expression pattern in tissues from patients with these two types of arthritis pdcd showed a scattered DP in rheumatoid synovium compared with oa in which the protein labeling was stronger in the synovial lining layer than in the sublining we also observed increased expression and nuclear translocation of pdcd in ra patientderived fls undergoing apoptosis finally overexpression of pdcd led to enhanced apoptosis and activation of ICE in triptolidetreated fls we propose that pdcd may be involved in the pathogenesis of ra these data also suggest that pdcd may serve as a therapeutic target to enhance sensitivity to antirheumatic druginduced apoptosis in ra | MEDAL |
stress is conditioning animal welfare by negatively affecting a wide range of physiological and behavioral functions this may be applied to circadian physiology and food NI cortisol the stressrelated hormone may mediate such effect of stress but other indirect mediators might be considered such as sirtuin then either the independent modulatory effect or the existence of any interaction between mediators may be responsible the circadian system is the main modulator of several integrative mechanisms at both CE and peripheral levels that are rhythmically presented thus influencing different processes such as food intake in this way FI is controlled by the circadian system as demonstrated by the persistence of such rhythms of FI in the absence of environmental external cues our T0 aimed to evaluate the daily profile of Thy mrna abundance of circadian clock genes clocka bmal per and reverbβlike and food intake regulators crf pomca cart and npy in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss the impact of AS on such rhythms and the involvement of cortisol and sirtuin as mediators four cohorts of trout were subjected to normal stocking density control group high stocking density for hours AS group normal stocking density and implanted with mifepristone a glucocorticoid receptors antagonist and MIF administered and stressed for hours fish from each group were sampled every h along the h ld cycle and cortisol glucose and lactate plasma levels were evaluated Thy mrna abundance of clock genes FI regulators glucocorticoid receptors and sirtuin were qpcr assayed our results reveal the impact of AS on most of the genes assayed but different mechanisms appear to be involved thecertain associated behaviors including selfinjurious behaviors sib and atypical pain reactivity have been hypothesized to result from excessive opioid activity the objective of this T0 was to examine the relationships between sib pain CR and βendorphin C2 in autism | MEDAL |
the effect of modifying phi chi viral dna by the chemical carcinogens betapropiolactone nacetoxyacetylaminofluorene and antibenzoapyrene diolepoxide was investigated by transfecting the modified dna into escherichia coli spheroplasts modification of the dna in vitro by each of these agents was mutagenic for the phi chi amber mutants am and am mutagenicity depended on the induction of the sos response in the host spheroplasts heating betapropiolactonetreated dna at neutral ph caused strong inactivation such that the number of lethal hits was increased fold sucrose gradient analysis showed the induction of alkalilabile CS in the heated dna the nicked circle assay with dsDNA phi chi dna showed greater than of these sites to be apurinic sites concomitantly with the production of these new CS a strong increase in the mutation frequency was observed this mutagenesis also depended upon the induction of the errorprone sos response in the spheroplasts as was previously shown to be the case for mutagenesis at putative apurinic sites induced directly by acidheat treatment these results suggest that depurination may be of importance to the mechanism of mutagenesis by betapropiolactone and other carcinogens | MEDAL |
a grading system has been developed to assess the quality of the results of bone marrow cytogenetic procedures the results of years use of this MGS are reported this grading system is a satisfactory internal standard for SQ control and is adaptable for use as an external standard the use of such an internal standard will improve the performance of the cytogenetics laboratory and will validate the SQ of the results of cytogenetic examination the use of an external standard will stimulate the standardization and improvement of cytogenetic laboratory techniques and may be used to develop performance standards for accreditation of both bone marrow and other cytogenetic laboratories internal and external SQ controls have been used in general medical laboratories for many years and their use should be instituted by cytogenetic laboratories as well | MEDAL |
three hundred and eighty protocols of a multicentre T0 of ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid were evaluated patients with a multitude of severe infections were treated therapy with the drug combination was successful in of the cases the drug was tolerated very well no severe adverse reactions were attributable to the test drug | MEDAL |
panic attacks frequently lead to psychopathological disorders including panic disorder even though panic disorder is a highly comorbid and disabling MH problem associated with stressful life or traumatic events perievent panic attacks and their association with PD have hardly been investigated as a CE topic T3 mass trauma using data from a longitudinal populationbased assessment of madrid residents T3 the mrisk among those with scd in this T0 we utilized californias office of statewide health planning and OD oshpd hospital patient discharge pd and emergency department utilization ed data systems to identify individuals with scd cases coded as icdcm or from any of the diagnostic fields were captured from from the pd or from the ed data systems a case was excluded if the patients SSN was deemed nonsense scd was coded as a comorbid condition for a single visit or the patients age was less than years the resulting scd case cohort was linked to the california cancer registry ccr disease prevalence was estimated for mathematically using a formula consisting of the cohort sum scd live births and deaths from we identified scdrelated admissions to california hospitals andor EDs from of those admissions were among patients whose ssn was deemed nonsense and among children less than years old of the remaining patients had only admission with a comorbid scd diagnostic code the final cohort consisted of persons which was linked to the ccr we found patients with tumors we estimated the prevalence of scd in california for at individuals this is the first study to use both california oshpd pd and ed data systems in concert for scd case finding and to estimate scd prevalence in california based on healthcare utilization it is also the first time that a scd case cohort has been linked to the ccr to ultimately determine CA risk in this population | MEDAL |
primary cell cultures of differentiated chondrocytes were shown to produce chondroitinsulfate as the predominant mucopolysaccharide with suggestive evidence for the synthesis of keratan sulfate and possibly chondroitinsulfate chicken embryonic cartilage was shown to be composed mainly of CSA with a small amount of CSA but essentially no keratan sulfate these findings were compared to the data of others and a hypothesis explaining the aging process in cartilage in terms of cellular differentiation was presented | MEDAL |
nontypeable haemophilus influenzae nthi is a common airway commensal and opportunistic pathogen that persists within surfaceattached biofilm communities in this T0 we tested the hypothesis that bacterial stressresponses are activated within biofilms transcripts for several factors associated with bacterial resistance to environmental AS were increased in biofilm cultures as compared to planktonic cultures among these a homolog of the dnabinding protein from starved cells dps was chosen for further T0 an isogenic nthi np dps mutant was generated and tested for resistance to environmental AS revealing a significant survival defects in highiron conditions which was mediated by oxidative stress and was restored by genetic complementation as expected nthi np dps had a general stressresponse defect exhibiting decreased resistance to many types of environmental AS while no differences were observed in density and structure of nthi np and nthi np dps biofilms bacterial survival was decreased in nthi np dps bidence of association with psv p e or strong gwas evidence p e in discovery and p in replication sample in a large cohort of psv patients n and controls n we provide the first independent replication for cog p and serpinb p loci with psv in those patients having developed psoriatic ICA n we found for the first time a strong association with ifih p analyses of clinically relevant psv subtypes yielded a significant association of severity of cutaneous disease with R2 at lced locus p in psv and nail involvement with ilrn in purely cutaneous psoriasis psc p in an exploratory analysis of epistasis we replicated the previously described hlacerap interaction with psc our findings show that common genetic variants associated with a complex phenotype like psv influence different subphenotypes of high clinical relevance | MEDAL |
sixteen cases of dorsal transscaphoid perilunate fracturedislocations in patients were treated by open reduction and internal fixation of the scaphoid with a herbert screw andor kirschner wires all patients were male with a mean age of years the average followup period was years these perilunate dislocations were transscaphoid in cases and transstyloid and transscaphoid in cases there was one case of MN deficit preoperatively open reduction was performed through a volar approach in all cases herbert screw fixation of the scaphoid was performed on cases of which supplemental kirschner wires were used in cases three cases had fixation with kirschner wires only there were cases of nonunion which required bone grafting on followup a clinical DUE scoring system assessing pain occupational ability range of motion and grip strength was used based on this there were excellent to good and fair results for the majority of our patients surgical outcome is characterised by acceptable relief of pain functional motion and GS | MEDAL |
the purpose of this T0 was to determine the effects of in vivo estrogen manipulations on mechanisms of endotheliumdependent vasodilation ovaryintact ovariectomized ovx or ovx with estrogen replacement ovx e female spraguedawley rats were studied n mesenteric arteries approximately microm were isolated cannulated and pressurized to mm hg in an arteriograph containing bicarbonate buffer and VD was monitored concentrationresponse curves to the endotheliumdependent histamine h agonist thiazolylethylamine tea nm microm and to acetylcholine nm microm were performed in preconstricted arteries the effect of nomeganitrolarginine lna microm or lna indomethacin indo microm on agonistinduced vasodilation was determined there was no difference between treatment groups in the sensitivity of MES arteries to tea or acetylcholine lna produced a significant decrease in sensitivity to tea in arteries from ovaryintact and ovx e rats but not in those from ovx rats the addition of indo produced a small additional decrease in sensitivity to tea in arteries from ovaryintact rats a significant decrease in ovx and no shift in ovx e lna indo produced a similar degree of inhibition of the tea response in the three treatment groups in contrast when acetylcholine was used the decrease in sensitivity produced by lna or lna indo was similar in the three rat CG we conclude that estrogen increases the nitric oxide component of EDD and decreases the cyclooxygenase component these effects of estrogen appear to be agonistspecific our findings suggest that estrogen modulates cross talk between the nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase pathways of vasodilation | MEDAL |
ADA was determined in paired samples of serum and synovial fluid taken from patients with rheumatoid arthritis n reactive arthritis n and osteoarthritis n and the value of this investigation in the diagnosis of synovial swellings was assessed increased activity was found in the synovial fluid taken from patients with RA disease and reactive ICA though values were less raised in the latter synovial fluid taken from patients with OA did not show significantly raised adenosine deaminase activity as compared with that of NCs n | MEDAL |
approximately human immunodeficiency virus hivinfected patients with a thrombotic microangiopathy tmalike syndrome have been reported in the literature since the early s the prevalence of a tmalike syndrome in our hospitalized patients was determined to discern whether it is a more common occurrence than previously recognized and if possible to delineate risk factors for its occurrence a total of patients admitted consecutively to the johns hopkins hospital hiv inpatient service were assessed from may through february these patients were evaluated for the presence of anemia thrombocytopenia fragmented erythrocytes on IP blood smear schistocytosis RD neurologic dysfunction and fever the association of a tmalike syndrome with demographic and clinical factors was analyzed schistocytosis was present in of the patients and a tmalike syndrome anemia thrombocytopenia schistocytosis renal dysfunction or neurologic dysfunction and fever was present in of the patients the patients who had a tmalike syndrome were more likely to have a low cd lymphocyte count or cd percentage CDC and prevention stage c disease and have bacterial sepsis age race hiv risk group other diagnoses and prescribed drugs were not associated patients were more likely to die if they had a tmalike syndrome independently of level of immunosuppression schistocytosis and a tmalike syndrome are relatively common in hospitalized HIV+ patients this syndrome may contribute to mortality and morbidity particularly in patients with more advanced disease | MEDAL |
we used a combination of matrixassisted laser desorptionionization timeofflight mass spectrometry and immunocytochemistry to investigate the MMP from abdominal perisympathetic organs of manduca sexta altogether three mass peaks detected in mass spectra from single abdominal perisympathetic organs were MZ with already known neuropeptides namely capb ccap and manducaallatotropin only capb was found throughout the postembryonic OD in larvae perisympathetic organs of the abdominal ganglia and do not accumulate neuropeptides during the metamorphosis the number of putative hormones stored in the ABD perisympathetic organs increases dramatically not a single substance however obtained in mass spectra of larval perisympathetic organs disappeared in the respective AD neurohemal organs MMP from abdominal perisympathetic organs are different from those of thoracic perisympathetic organs and the retrocerebral complex manducaflrfa and are EC in thoracic perisympathetic organs flrfa corazonin and adipokinetic hormone are abundant MMP of the retrocerebral complex the majority of ion signals however represent unknown substances an AS which recognized capb allowed the morphological characterization of a median neurosecretory system in the abdominal VNC of m sexta which resembles that of CR embryos double stainings confirmed that crustacean cardioactive peptide ccap becomes colocalized with capb in median neurosecretory cells during the last larval instar this colocalization continues in AD insects | MEDAL |
SS rbp prealbumin and zinc were evaluated in normal subjects and PC and chronic one a significant decrease of rpb was found in pancreatic CA patients compared with controls a concomitant reduction of Pr and zinc was also observed MRA suggested that the modification of rbp SS levels might be accounted for mainly by diminished prealbumin levels while the direct role of zinc is negligible | MEDAL |
spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an uncommon disease that often presents with subtle clinical and radiographic findings during a twoweek period three patients presented with complaints of throat and neck pain the first complained of difficulty swallowing and throat and chest discomfort accurate diagnosis was delayed because of the unusual presenting symptoms the second had severe throat pain the third presented with unstable vital signs throat and neck pain and air in the pericardium and mediastinum review of the first case facilitated the correct diagnosis of spontaneous pneumomediastinum in the subsequent cases all three patients were discharged free of PS | MEDAL |
our previous T0 demonstrated that microinjection of OB into the ventromedial hypothalamus vmh dramatically increased glucose uptake in the heart brown adipose tissue bat and skeletal muscles but not in white AT wat in conscious unrestrained rats as assessed in vivo by the 2-DG method here we examined the role of the sympathetic nervous system and insulin in enhanced glucose uptake by tissues T3 Thy OB injection pretreatment with guanethidine significantly suppressed the increased gl uptake by the tissues in response to OB injected into the vmh whereas bilateral adrenal demedullation had no significant effect treatment with propranolol but not phenoxybenzamine also decreased significantly enhanced glucose uptake by the tissues we further examined the interaction of the effects of hypothalamic OB and insulin administered peripherally by clamping the glucose concentrations at a constant level when OB was injected into the vmh and a maximal dose of insulin was i.v. the rates of glucose uptake by the heart bat and skeletal muscles but not by wat markedly increased beyond the values reached by insulin stimulation alone surgical sympathetic denervation of bat abolished the enhancement of gl uptake in this tissue decreasing to the level stimulated by insulin CT these results appear to indicate that OB in the hypothalamus enhances gl uptake in certain peripheral tissues through mediation of a betaadrenergic mechanism for the sympathetic nerves innervating the tissues and that CE OB and peripheral insulin have a synergistic role in augmenting tissue glucose uptake | MEDAL |
two forms of storage proteins termed sp and sp respectively accumulate in a stagedependent fashion in the larval hemolymph of the silkworm bombyx mori we have cloned and analyzed the genomic sequence encoding sp an arylphorintype storage protein the sp structural gene contains five exons spanning over kilobases of chromosomal dna the transcription initiation site of the sp gene was identified at the nucleotide level and a typical tata box was located base pairs upstream of the TIS the flanking region of the gene contains a sequence homologous to the sv enhancer core structure a region homologous to the drosophila enhancer CS predicted for the fat body specificity of mRNA exists in the upstream region developmental profiles of the sp mrna and its F0 in the fat body indicate that the biosynthesis of sp is developmentally regulated at the level of transcription the exonintron composition of the sp gene is remarkably similar to that of the sp gene moreover the deduced primary structures of sp and sp exhibit nearly homology implying that two storage protein genes of the b mori silkworm might have evolved from a common ancestor | MEDAL |
respiratory indexes and the TM electrical potential delta psi were evaluated in mitochondrial preparations from monthold gotokakizaki gk and WR in the presence of glutamate malate and succinate we found that in diabetic gk mitochondria flavin adenine dinucleotide fadlinked respiratory indexes RCR rcr and adenosine diphosphate adp to oxygen ratio adpo are increased and uncoupled respiration is largely enhanced indicating increased RC activity in gk rats delta psi development in gk mitochondrial preparations energized using glu malate or succinate as substrates and the repolarization rate upon phosphorylation of the added adp were significantly higher in gk mitochondrial preparations these results indicate an enhanced activity of the phosphorylation system confirmed by evaluating delta psi development when the mitochondria are energized by adenosine triphosphate atp moreover REC of tel of the ha in the coatings is completed T3 immersion | MEDAL |
because of assumed ergogenic effects the creatine administration has become popular practice among subjects participating in different sports appropriate creatine monohydrate dosage may be considered a medicinal product since in accordance with the council directive eec any substance which may be administered with a view to restoring correcting or modifying physiological functions in humans beings is considered a medicinal product thus SQ tau and safety must characterise the substance in addition the EU court of justice has held that a product which is recommended or described as having preventive or curative properties is a medicinal product even if it is generally considered as a foodstuff and even if it has no known therapeutic effect in the present state of scientific knowledge in biochemical terms creatine administration increases creatine and phosphocreatine muscle concentration allowing for an accelerated rate of atp synthesis in thermodynamics terms creatine stimulates the creatinecreatine kinasephosphocreatine circuit which is related to the mitochondrial function as a highly organised system for the control of the subcellular adenylate pool in pharmacokinetics terms creatine entry into skeletal muscle is initially dependent on the extracellular concentration but the creatine transport is subsequently downregulated in pharmacodynamics terms the creatine enhances the possibility to maintain power output during brief periods of highintensity exercises in spite of uncontrolled daily dosage and longterm administration no researches on creatine monohydrate safety in humans were set up by standardised protocols of clinical pharmacology and toxicology as currently occurs in phases i and ii for products for human use more or less documented side effects induced by creatine monohydrate are WG influence on insulin production feedback inhibition of endogenous creatine synthesis longterm damages on renal function a major point that related to the SQ of creatine monohydrate products is the amount of creatine ingested in relation to the amount of contaminants present during the industrial production of creatine monohydrate from sarcosine and cyanamide VL amounts of contaminants dicyandiamide dihydrotriazines creatinine ions are generated and thus their tolerable concentrations ppm must be defined and made consumers known furthermore because sarcosine could originate from bovine tissues the risk of contamination with prion of BSE bse or madcow disease can t be excluded thus french authorities forbade the sale of products containing creatine creatine as other nutritional AF can be used either at supplementary or therapeutic C2 as a CF of the dose supplementary doses of nutritional AF usually are of the order of the daily turnover while therapeutic ones are three or more times higher in a subject of kg with a total creatine pool of g the daily turnover is approximately of g thus in HS nourished with fatrich carbohydrate proteinpoor diet and participating in a daily recreational sport the oral creatine monohydrate supplementation should be of the order of the daily turnover ie less than g per day bringing the gastrointestinal absorption to account in healthy athletes submitted daily to highintensity strength or sprint training the maximal oral creatine monohydrate supplementation should be of the order of two times the daily turnover ie less than g per day for less than two weeks and the creatine monohydrate supplementation should be taken under appropriate medical supervision the p.o. of more that g per day of creatine monohydrate should be considered as a therapeutic MI and should be prescribed by physicians only in the cases of suspected or proven deficiency or in conditions of severe stress andor injury the incorporation of creatine into the medicinal product class is supported also by the use in pathological conditions eg some mitochondrial cytopathies the GAA methyltransferase deficiency etc | MEDAL |
to compare the in vitro adherence of slimeproducing and nonslimeproducing staphylococcus epidermidis to different intraocular lenses iols to study the organisms contribution to postoperative endophthalmitis | MEDAL |
an acellular dermal matrix adm is applied to PR the surrounding muscles and prevent dislocation or rippling of the implant we compared implantbased breast reconstruction using the latissimus dorsi ld muscle referred to as an ld muscle onlay patch with using an adm | MEDAL |
arterial pressure waveform can be characterized by the pulse shape index kpulse determined as kpulse pmean pdiast psyst pdiast for brachial artery the shape index value of is usually applied to approximate pmean from the measured psyst and pdiast our purpose was to test whether this value can validly be applied to finger vascular beds under different experimental conditions by using finapres we noninvasively estimated the beattobeat values of kpulse in the fingers of young HP in SP at rest and during a min ME rhythmical exercise with the quadricep muscles in combination with HG compression to detect intensive peripheral vasoconstrictions a laserdoppler probe was attached to the thumb pulp of the same hand periods of s without intensive vasoconstriction for rest different stages of exercise and recovery were involved in the analysis in every subject the results demonstrated that the groupaveraged value of kpulse median with a confidence interval in the fingers of healthy volunteers aged from to equalled and for rest first and second stages of exercise and REC respectively we conclude that in the fingers of young HP in supine position formula pmean pdiast psyst pdiast gives an adequate approximation for rest and low intensity exercise first stage and slightly underestimates the actual finger mean blood pressure during moderate exercise second stage and recovery | MEDAL |
crimean hemorrhagic fever chf virus was detected by electron microscopy in ultrathin sections of cv cells the virus particles appeared spherical or oval and occurred both intra and extracellularly based on their size and density of their contents two types of virions probably representing different phases of the reproduction cycle of chf virus could be distinguished | MEDAL |
SBE sbe was invariably a fatal disease in the prepenicillin era the availability of sulfonamide antibiotics beginning in the mids raised hopes that they would be effective in sbe unfortunately except in rare instances they were not this paper reviews the clinical experience with sulfonamides in the prepenicillin period in treating patients with sbe it presents in detail the case of pasquale imperato who died from the disease at the age of years on november in so doing it focuses on the medical management measures then available to treat patients with sbe and on the inevitable course of the illness once it began also discussed is the relationship of acute RF ateries adds significant benefit to the care of the patients with neurovascular diseases several features such as relative simplicity in terms of interpretation and performance significantly low cost totally noninvasiveness portability and excellent temporal resolution make neurosonology increasingly popular tool for evaluation planning and monitoring of treatment and for determining prognosis in various neurovascular diseases usefulness of transcranial doppler in diagnosingmonitoring subarachnoid hemorrhage related vasospasm and sickle cell vasculopathy is already well known utility in diagnosis of intracranial arterial stenosis acute occlusion and recanalization intracranial hemodynamic effect of the C2 arterial pathologies intracranial pressure increase and cerebral circulatory arrest are also well established neurosonological determination of VMR CA neurovascular coupling and MES detection are useful in the assessment of stroke risk diagnosis of righttoleft shunting and monitoring during surgery and interventional procedures transcranial doppler is also an evolving ultrasound method with a therapeutic potential such as augmentation of clot lysis and CBF delivery of thrombolytic or neuroprotective agent loaded nanobubbles in neurovascular diseases the aim of this study is to give an overview of current usage of the different ultrasound modalities in different neurovascular diseases | MEDAL |
the efficient bleaching following continuous bubbling of gaseous nitric oxide no⢠to βcarotene βcar dissolved in nhexane under anaerobic conditions results from an initial addition of two no⢠followed by fragmentation coupled with further no⢠addition as shown by mass spectrometry ms density functional theory dft calculations demonstrated that hydrogen atom transfer hat and electron transfer et from βcar to no⢠are strongly energetically unfavorable in contrast to radical adduct formation raf followed by Kd the results indicated the lowest energy for addition of the first no⢠at c with an activation free energy of δgâ kj mol and a rate constant of s followed by transaddition of a second no⢠at c with δgâ kj mol ms confirmed the formation of a dinitrosylβcar mz and of a βcar fragment mz formed by cc bond cleavage and suggested to be of importance for progression of bleaching up to eight MRP with increasing mass of mz are assigned to continuous addition of no⢠to the initially formed fragment forming nitroxides continuous wave photolysis of sodium nitroprusside snp as a no⢠source dissolved together with βcar in vv methanoltetrahydrofuran gradually bleached βcar nanosecond laser flash photolysis at nm followed by transient absorption spectroscopy showed a βcar derived intermediate with an absorption maximum around nm in PA with a prediction nm from timedependent dft tddft for the transc dinitrosyl adduct of βcar the no⢠adduct of βcar decays with a rate constant of â¼ s at °c | MEDAL |
acute ventilatory failure in copd is caused by impaired respiratory mechanics and an imbalance of capacity and load of the respiratory muscles CPAP cpap pressure support ventilation psv proportional assist ventilation pav or controlled mechanical ventilation cmv are effective in unloading the respiratory pump cpap reduces the inspiratory pressure time product by reducing the elastic work of PLB due to intrinsic peep peepi psv and pav reduce the work of PLB and additionally improve VA and co beta in spontaneous breathing patients these modes of ventilation should be applied non invasively by using a FM in cmv hyperinflation should be avoided by choice of low tidal volumes and long exspiratory times low respiratory rate ie ratio in the weaning from cmv psv or pav and cpap is used there seems to be a beneficial effect in nocturnal intermittent nonivasive ventilation nppv in chronic hypercapnic SD copd patients with documented hypoventilation during the night which is reversible by nppv | MEDAL |
increasing evidence in eukaryotic cells suggests that mechanical forces are essential for building a robust mitotic apparatus and correcting inappropriate chromosome attachments in this issue cojoc et al j cell biol httpdxdoiorgjcb use laser microsurgery in vivo to measure and T0 the viscoelastic properties of kinetochores | MEDAL |
systemic administration of nmda IL-1ra elevates extracellular glutamate within prefrontal cortex the cognitive and behavioral effects of nmda receptor blockade have direct relevance to symptoms of schizophrenia and recent studies demonstrate an important role for nitric oxide and gabab receptors in mediating the effects of nmda receptor blockade on these behaviors we sought to extend those observations by directly measuring the effects of nitric oxide and gabab receptor mechanisms on mkinduced glu release in the prefrontal cortex SVR mk injection mgkg to male spraguedawley rats significantly increased extracellular glutamate C2 in prefrontal SC as determined by microdialysis this effect was blocked by pretreatment with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor lname mgkg reverse dialysis of the nitric oxide donor snap mm directly into prefrontal cortex mimicked the effect of systemic mk dosedependently elevating cortical extracellular glutamate the effect of mk was also blocked by systemic treatment with the gabab receptor agonist baclofen mgkg in combination these data suggest increased nitric oxide formation is necessary for nmda antagonistinduced elevations of extracellular glutamate in the prefrontal SC additionally the data suggest gabab receptor activation can modulate the nmda antagonistinduced increase in cortical glutamate release | MEDAL |
malignant gliomas such as glioblastoma multiforme gbm present some of the greatest challenges in the management of CA patients worldwide despite notable recent achievements in oncology even with aggressive surgical resections using stateoftheart preoperative and intraoperative neuroimaging along with recent advances in radiotherapy and chemotherapy the prognosis for gbm patients remains dismal median survival after diagnosis is about months established good prognostic AF are limited but include young age high karnofsky performance status kps high minimental status examination score omethylguanine methyltransferase promoter methylation and resection of of the RT ST includes resection followed by concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy gbm research is being conducted worldwide at a remarkable pace with some of the more recent promising studies focused on ID of aberrant genetic events and signaling pathways RT stem cell ID and characterization modulation of RT immunological responses combination therapies and understanding of the rare LT survivors past treatment strategies have failed for various reasons however newer strategies in trials today and on the horizon encourage optimism to help illustrate where we have been with this fatal disease and where we are going with contemporary studies we include in this review a detailed PH of phase iii PCTs for gbm with a final emphasis on exciting new treatment strategies that offer hope for future gbm therapy | MEDAL |
a case of small cell carcinoma of the prostate reported here was studied by immunohistochemical and electron microscopic procedures most tumour cells were positive for argyrophil grimelius stain and had dense core NSG in the cytoplasm but immunohistochemical IF revealed VIP and calcitonin only in a few cells and it was still obscure what kinds of hormones were produced in this tumour by DBH our case showed no amplification of myc family gene which is suggested to be associated with a poor clinical outcome in pulmonary small cell carcinoma | MEDAL |
rapid development of resistant influenza SCV T3 AMA treatment is one of the main drawbacks of m blockers on the other hand the emergence of variants with low susceptibility to the neuraminidase na inhibitors is limited in the present T0 we examined whether combination therapy with two classes of antiinfluenza drugs can affect the emergence of resistant SCV in vitro we observed that virus yields of human ananchang hn apanama hn and ahong kong hn viruses in mdck cells were significantly reduced p when the cells were treated with the combination of amantadine and low doses of oseltamivir carboxylate or microm after five sequential passages in mdck cells the m protein of viruses cultivated with amantadine alone mutated at positions va and sni viruses cultivated with oseltamivir carboxylate or microm possessed mutations in the hemagglutinin ha protein these variants showed reduced efficiency of IB to sialic acid receptors and decreased sensitivity to na inhibitor in plaque reduction assay importantly no mutations in the ha na and m proteins were detected when the drugs were used in combination our results suggest that combination chemotherapy with m blocker and na inhibitor reduced the emergence of DR influenza variants in vitro this strategy could be an option for the control of influenza virus infection and combinations with other novel drugs should be explored | MEDAL |
the following strucc cells with induction of a higher ratio of baxbcl proteins and activation of ICE which in turn promoted the cleavage of poly adpribose polymerase parp however pretreatment with the pancaspase inhibitor zvadfmk only partially alleviated rbtriggered apoptosis in pc cells suggesting the involvement of both caspasedependent and caspaseindependent pathways additionally treatment of androgensensitive lncap cells with rb led to a reduction in the expression of androgen receptor ar and subsequently decreased the transactivity of ar these observations help to support the search for promising candidates to treat prostate CA | MEDAL |
we aimed to report a healed renal parenchymal defect after years in a yearold girl who was being followed for recurrent urinary tract infection uti the first uti was at the age of two she was being followed with ultrasonography urine analysis and urine SC since the first uti technetiumm dimercaptosuccinic acid dmsa scintigraphy was repeated four times up to the present day she had a renal PC defect reported as PC scarring which healed years T3 the first dmsa scintigraphy | MEDAL |
carotid artery stenting cas for highrisk anatomic lesions is accepted practice neck irradiation and radiotherapyinduced arteritis are common indications the clinical outcomes of cas for radiation arteritis have been poorly defined | MEDAL |
the temperaturedependent impedivity of rat CL transverse abdominal muscle and full skin was determined in vitro as a CF of frequency across the temperature range degrees c to degrees c and from hz to khz this study was motivated by an increasing interest in using electrical impedance tomography eit for imaging of cryosurgery and a lack of applicable data in the hypothermic range using a controlledtemperature impedance analyzer it was found that as the temperature is reduced the resulting increase in tissue impedivity is more pronounced at low frequencies and that the beta dispersion resulting from CM polarization shifts to lower frequencies with these new data a simple case study of eit of CL cryosurgery was examined using a finiteelement model incorporating the pennes bioheat equation to determine the impact of this behavior on imaging accuracy overestimation of the icefront position was found to occur if the eit system ignored the effects of the lowtemperature zone surrounding the frozen tissue this error decreases with increasing blood perfusion and with higher measurement frequencies | MEDAL |
using a whole cell CA system the androgen IB capacity of canine prostatic epithelial cells was evaluated in relation to their CF radiolabeled methyltrienolone r was used as the ligand in the presence of an excess of triamcinolone acetonide and the amount of hr bound to the cells at equilibrium was determined by either displacement or saturation studies with immature cells in culture days of att MSD analysis revealed the presence of high affinity IB sites which were also present in cells cultured for days with freshly dispersed prostatic cells mostly secretory epithelial cells as well as with older cells in culture and days only less SB sites were observed with both unlabeled r andor dihydrotesterone dht in contrast only the high affinity androgen receptor ar was present in cytosolic extracts prepared from normal PG MSD studies performed with cultured cells at different stages of growth also showed that the basal level as well as the degree of LA IB increased during the maturation of nonproliferating cells the presence of multiple binding components was demonstrated by saturation studies performed with either cultured or freshly dispersed cells the first component that was saturated at nm of hr was due to ar while the other two binding components showing positivecooperativity hill coefficients of and respectively were saturated at concentrations of and nm of hr in contrast the hill coefficient for the ar was indicating the presence of an independent component it was calculated that only of the total uptake of r was attributed to ar IB suggesting that the remainder may represent an intracellular pool of androgens thus a whole cell IB CA represents a dynamic system for the detercise also better distinguished reperfused from nonreperfused patients than did the ejection fraction response these results indicate that the global ejection fraction response to exercise may be an unreliable indicator of the PET status of the infarct regionabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the objective of the present T0 was to elucidate the mechanism and the CS of formation of the extensive injuries associated with falling down from the highrise building onto the asphalt a rare for the russian forensic medical practice observation of falling down from the very high altitude in excess of m is described with all the CP features of the damages characteristic of such cases peculiarities of the mechanism of formation of the injuries and the severity of AA damages in the case being considered were attributable to the huge kinetic energy transferred to the body during falling down from the high aptitude | MEDAL |
the most serious adverse reaction associated with treatment with epidermal growth factor receptortyrosine kinase inhibitors egfrtkis is druginduced interstitial lung disease ild because egfrtkis are key drugs for patients with nonsmall cell LC who have somatic activating mutations of the EGFR egfr mutations several cases of retreatment with egfrtkis after ild induced by these drugs have been reported here we present a yearold man with lung adenocarcinoma and leptomeningeal metastases having an egfr mutation who was retreated with erlotinib after erlotinibinduced ild he suffered no ild recurrence and his leptomeningeal metastases dramatically improved in addition to the present case reports of nine patients who were retreated with egfrtkis after ild were found in the literature only one patient had recurrence of ild although seven were retreated at a reduced dose of egfrtkis including the patient with recurrence in contrast three patients had no recurrence of ild even without dosereduction these reports suggest that dosereduction plays a limited role in preventing recurrence many patients received CSs during retreatment but not the one with recurrence of ild this may suggest that CSs can prevent recurrence due to their antiinflammatory properties | MEDAL |
many authors have demonstrated that electrolytic lesions of the median raphe nucleus lead to dramatic hyperactivity but little is known as to the neural substrates of this effect in the current series of experiments we investigated this question by examining locomotor activity and forebrain serotonin levels after the placement of wire knife cuts in various locations around the MR activity was measured in a five minute open field test and a one hour tilt cage test knife cuts designed to transect the major ascending serotonergic projections of the MR led to a pronounced SD of forebrain serotonin but had no effect on locomotor activity in either testing situation knife cuts located AVCN to the MR designed to interrupt raphe connections with the VTA area and interpeduncular nucleus increased activity in the tilt cage but not in the open field test these cuts produced only small effects on forebrain serotonin levels knife cuts caudal to the median raphe failed to influence forebrain serotonin levels but produced a significant increase in both open field and tilt cage activity the effects of the posterior and the anteroventral cuts on tilt cage locomotion were additive suggesting that different fiber systems were damaged by the two cuts these results demonstrate that it is possible to double dissociate changes in forebrain serotonin C2 and locomotor activity with lesions in the vicinity of the median raphe and further show that ascending projections are unlikely to be the only pathways involved in the effects of median raphe lesions on locomotor SMB | MEDAL |
heat shock proteins hsps derived from tumors or virally infected cells can stimulate antigenspecific cd t cell responses in vitro and in vivo although this antigenicity is known to arise from hspassociated peptides presented to the immune system by L1 histocompatibility complex mhc class i molecules the cell biology underlying this presentation process remains poorly understood here we show that hsp binds to the surface of antigen presenting cells by a mechanism with the characteristics of a saturable receptor system after this membrane interaction processing and mhc class i presentation of the hspassociated antigen can occur via either a cytosolic transporter associated with antigen processing tap and proteasomedependent or an endosomal tap and proteasomeindependent route with the preferred pathway determined by the CS context of the optimal antigenic peptide within the hspassociated material these findings not only characterize two highly efficient specific pathways leading to the conversion of hspassociated antigens into ligands for cd TA they also imply the existence of a mechanism for receptorfacilitated transmembrane transport of hsp or hspassociated ligands from the BPM or lumen of endosomes into the cytosol | MEDAL |
viability testing of the pulmonary graft retrieved from the nonheartbeating donor nhbd is mandatory for successful outcome after lung transplantation functional assessment by ex vivo reperfusion however remains a cumbersome procedure in this T0 therefore we wanted to investigate the possible value of the Th1 cytokines interleukinbeta ilbeta and TN factoralpha TNF measured in BL fluid blf in predicting PET outcome of the pulmonary graft after reperfusion | MEDAL |
acetylcoenzyme a carboxylase accoa carboxylase ec catalyzes the ratelimiting reaction in longchain HFA biosynthesis to investigate the mechanism of genetic control of expression of accoa carboxylase and the relationship between its structure and CF cdna clones for accoa carboxylase were isolated the CR coding CS contains bases it encodes a polypeptide chain of amino acids having a mr of the sequences of several cnbr peptides of accoa carboxylase were localized within the predicted protein CS as were those MMP that contain the CS for phosphorylation the deduced protein contains one putative site for biotinylation in the nhterminal half the conserved biotinylation site peptide metlysmet is preceded by valine whereas alanine is found in a similar position in all other known biotincontaining proteins the primary sequences of accoa carboxylase and carbamoyl phosphate synthetase exhibit substantial identity | MEDAL |
the disposition of bromosulfophthalein was studied in chronically bile duct obstructed rats in this MM a catheter was inserted into the common bile duct and the distal tip was sealed resumption of bile flow was achieved with great ease obstruction of bile duct for days in rats resulted in elevated bilirubin alt ast and alkaline phosphatase levels portal hypertension developed within this period in obstructed rats vs mm hg in shamoperated group T3 the bile duct obstruction was opened the halflife time for elimination of BSP min was longer than in shamoperated rats min plasma clearance was reduced by in bile duct obstructed rats in spite of increased bile flow rate biliary excretion of the dye was reduced by in chronically bile duct obstructed rats hepatic GSH were significantly reduced by in this model the specific activity of glutathione stransferase with chlorodinitrobenzene and SO as substrates was reduced by and respectively however the percent of conjugated bromosulfophthalein in bile was similar to that of shamoperated rats | MEDAL |
PLT concentrates have been prepared in standard pvc pl packs and polyolefin pl packs comparison of ph and hypotonic stress of the platelet concentrates has shown that significantly improved values are obtained after storage of the concentrates at c in pl packs for days than T3 storage for days in pl packs there was no significant difference under conditions of the test between vertical and horizontal agitation of the concentrates since both ph and hypotonic AS REC have shown a relationship to posttransfusion REC and viability evidence is presented to support the day storage period of concentrates prepared and stored in pl packs | MEDAL |
sera from subjects were tested for the presence of anticandida albicans antibodies by an indirect immunofluorescence assay aliquots of the sera were adsorbed with heatkilled blastospores to remove the antibodies against the surface of the yeastphase cell wall and tested for antigerm tube cell wall antibodies unadsorbed sera stained the entire cell wall of yeast and germtubes immunoglobulin g EA were found in all patients with systemic candidiasis and in of patients with CA isolated from skin and mucous CM iga and igg were found in and respectively of controls without evidence of candidiasis T3 the adsorption only sera from patients with SVR candidiasis showed antibodies predominantly iga against GT cell wall adsorption of the sera thus increased the specificity efficiency and positive and negative predictive values of the test the test achieved the highest sensitivity in adsorbed sera for the combination of iga and igg | MEDAL |
a type of ts ionic microgel was successfully prepared via the simultaneous quaternized crosslinking reaction during the surfactantfree w/o/w copolymerization of nisopropylacrylamide nipam as the main monomer and vinylimidazole or vinylpyridine as the comonomer dibromobutane and dibromohexane were used as the halogenated compounds to quaternize the tertiary amine in the comonomer leading to the formation of a crosslinking network and thermosensitive ionic microgels the sizes morphologies and properties of the obtained ionic microgels were systematically investigated by using transmission electron microscopy tem dynamic and static light scattering dls and sls electrophoretic light scattering els thermogravimetric analyses tga and uvvisible spectroscopy the obtained ionic microgels were spherical in shape with narrow size distribution these ionic microgels exhibited thermosensitive behavior and a unique feature of polyionic liquid in aqueous solutions of which the counteranions of the microgels could be changed by anion exchange reaction with bfk or lithium trifluoromethyl sulfonate pfmli T3 the anion exchange reaction the ionic microgels were SD in AQ solution and could be well dispersed in the solvents with different polarities depending on the type of counteranion the sizes and thermosensitive SMB of the ionic microgels could be well tuned by controlling the quaternization extent the type of comonomer halogenated compounds and counteranions the ionic microgels showed superior swelling properties in aqueous solution furthermore these ionic microgels also showed capabilities to encapsulate and release the anionic dyes like MO in aqueous solutions | MEDAL |
the antigenic regions of escherichia coli Hly were determined by antibody binding to cyanogen bromide cnbr fragments of this protein under denatured conditions alphahemolysin was isolated from filtered SNs of a recombinant CS by a combination of trichloroacetic acid precipitation and preparative sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis alphahemolysin was used to i produce polyclonal rabbit antisera and murine monoclonal immunoglobulin g igg antibodies and ii generate cnbr fragments rb igg and murine igg monoclonal antibodies mabs were elicited to alphahemolysin as determined by enzymelinked immunosorbent and IP assays antibodies bound to three TPS cnbr fragments of Hly in western blots immunoblots from SDS-PAGE cnbrii encompassing residues r to cnbrv r to and cnbrvi r to five mabs bound to cnbrii seven mabs bound to cnbrv and one mab bound to cnbrvi these TPS cnbr fragments are predicted to be hydrophilic and charged there was no antibody binding to the highly hydrophobic cnbriii r to similar IB patterns were observed when rabbit polyclonal antialphahemolysin igg was used polyclonal antibodies to alphahemolysin readily inhibited hemolysis and its NT capacity was to fold more potent than neutralizing mabs the five mabs that bind to cnbrii possessed hemolytic NT activity to various degrees in contrast only three of seven mabs that bind to cnbrv fragment exhibited NT capacity to various degrees the mab to cnbrvi did not exhibit this capacity based on these data we predict that denatured Hly and its cnbrii and cnbrv fragments might be worthwhile immunoprophylactic candidates for the prevention of hemolysinmediated e coli tissue injury | MEDAL |
the case of a young female patient is described who presented symptoms of transsexualism surgical MI was considered admitted to the hospital after having become depressed and suicidal a thorough examination and observation revealed the presence of multiple personality disorder mpd even though transsexualism and mpd represent two different conditions there are many similarities between them the possibility of mpd should be considered in every case of transsexualism | MEDAL |
the aim of this T0 was to investigate the intrarater reliability of the modified modified ashworth scale mmas in the upper limb of patients with hemiparesis and to determine the effect of pain and contracture presence on the reliability of the mmas for this testretest T0 patients with hemiparesis were included one physiotherapist using the mmas randomly rated the spasticity of shoulder adductors elbow flexors and wrist flexors in the affected upper limb of each patient with hemiparesis twice with at least a week interval between testing sessions the presence of pain and contracture during passive stretch was recorded the magnitude of the contracture was measured by a goniometer the quadratic weighted kappa statistics was very good for the UL spasticity κw intrarater reliability was good for shoulder adductors κw and very good for elbow flexors and wrist flexors κw and respectively there were no differences between the Kw values for muscle groups p the intrarater reliability was also good in the presence of pain or contracture the mmas had very good intrarater reliability in the assessment of upper limb spasticity in patients with hemiparesis the presence of pain during shoulder abduction or contracture of the shoulder adductors had no influence on the reliability of the mmas κ w respectively | MEDAL |
despite the wellestablished rho between coronary HR disease chd and hypertension conventional antihypertensive therapy with diuretics and betaadrenergic blockers has failed to provide protection against chd a possible explanation for this failure is the unfavourable effect such drugs have on lipid metabolism to compare the lipid profiles of commonly used AHD a survey was made of selected studies from the literature diuretics and selective and nonselective betablockers were found to have adverse effects on blood lipids betablockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity labetalol MD calcium channel blockers and aceinhibitors are lipid neutral whereas alphaadrenergic blockers seemed to have a favourable effect on lipid metabolism controlled PCTs with drugs that have no adverse effects on lipid metabolism are needed to establish the LT clinical importance of such agents | MEDAL |
to identify the potential antiangiogenic and antiinflammatory proteins expressed in human amniotic membrane tissue | MEDAL |
measurement of height crownrump length body weight and abdominal subcutaneous fat depth based on SFT taken from female rhesus monkeys comprising two age groups were correlated with body fat values derived from tritiated water determinations of TB water the manner with which each measure was related to percent body fat differed as a CF of age of the animal in the young nulliparous females CR length was the single best predictor of body fat whereas in the older multiparous females SFT correlated most highly with body fat when all measurements including the QI wtht x were combined statistically and regressed against percent body fat a significant increase in predictive ability was obtained when each age group was considered separately the resulting equations again reflected the agegroup biases in addition as an internal check on the validity of the regression equations an additional regression analysis was performed using morphometric data from selected animals in each age group these equations yielded accurate estimates of body fat when compared to determinations made from TBW these analyses indicate that the predictive accuracy of morphometric data is greatly enhanced by using these measurements in concert furthermore the utility of such predictions is influenced by the specific physical characteristics of the subject population | MEDAL |
we describe an IS patient with enteric cryptosporidiosis who developed combined cryptosporidial and cytomegaloviral SH and cholecystitis as well as enterobacter cloacae cholecystitis to our knowledge the presence of cryptosporidium in a CL biopsy specimen has not previously been reported | MEDAL |
irritant patch testing with SLS sls will become more and more a routine test determining skin susceptibility in men recently it has been shown that for practical reasons irritant sls patch testing can take place on the back simultaneously with a routine allergic patch test to other contact allergens however sls patch testing has mostly been performed on the forearm in studying exp skin irritation so far the aim of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship in skin response to AQ sls and between the forearm and the back assessed by visual scoring and measurement of transepidermal water loss tewl we found a pronounced reaction of the forearm compared to the back tewl values as well as visual scores correlated well with sls concentration there was also a high correlation in visual scoring between the forearm and the back based on test sensitivity and specificity we suggest a hrs patch test for routine screening with sls on the forearm evaluated by tewl measurement or VS hrs after patch removal a mild erythema scored as or is considered to be normal if for practical reasons the sls patch is placed on the back simultaneously with the allergic patch test sls may be sufficient too tewl measurement so far provides a reliable method and will certainly be necessary for experimental studies on irritant skin reactions particularly when different sls concentrations are used T3 a hrs patch test with sls tewl measurement should be performed at hrs a value of or gmhr seems to follow the normal CSD | MEDAL |
this T0 examined the effect of interleukin beta il beta on the capsaicininduced increase in cutaneous blood flow of anaesthetized rats as measured by laser doppler flowmetry the substances were administered by intraplantar subcutaneous injection of microlitersvolumes saline being injected into one hindpaw and il beta into the other il beta pg was without effect on blood flow on its own but dosedependently enhanced the hyperaemic response to intraplantar capsaicin microgram up to p of the response seen in salinetreated paws il beta a fragment devoid of Th1 activity failed to enhance capsaicininduced hyperaemia when given at a dose of pg indomethacin mg kg ip did not alter the capsaicininduced vasodilatation but prevented il beta pg from augmenting the hyperaemic response to capsaicin the hyperaemia evoked by i.pl. calcitonin generelated peptide ng was not altered by il beta pg these data indicate that il beta enhances the cutaneous hyperaemic response to afferent nerve stimulation with CAP in a prostaglandindependent manner this Th1 action of the cytokine appears to arise from sensitization of afferent nerve endings | MEDAL |
elevated serum bile acid levels may play a role in the symptoms associated with cholestasis of pregnancy nineteen women pregnancies with cholestasis of pregnancy were randomized to receive either activated peroral charcoal women pregnancies with a dose of g times a day for days or only normal followup n SS TBA aminotransferases ALP phosphatase Al total cholesterol and bilirubin total and conjugated were evaluated T3 overnight fasting at the start of the T0 and on days and of followup by day of treatment SS total bile acid concentrations were lower in patients of the charcoal group than in the control group p a decrease of total bile acids was observed in seven patients but in only one of the controls p no other observations including pruritus were changed significantly by charcoal the outcome of pregnancy was good in both groups this preliminary T0 suggests that peroral AC may be considered an alternative in the treatment of ICP | MEDAL |
the nadplinked glucosephosphate dehydrogenase from acetobacter hansenii formerly known as acetobacter xylinum has been purified to apparent homogeneity the sequence of the NT amino acids was determined the S1 molecular weight of the enzyme is as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel PACE gel filtration studies under nondenaturing conditions revealed that the molecular weight of the enzyme is to at ph and suggesting that the native enzyme is a tetramer specificity studies at both ph and demonstrated that the enzyme is a typical nadppreferring glucosephosphate dehydrogenase the enzymes catalytic activity increases with increasing ph kcat being approximately times greater at ph than at ph and the km for nadp being times lower at the higher ph but the km for glucose phosphate is nearly times higher at ph than at ph suggesting that the enzyme is catalytically more efficient at the lower ph at ph initial velocity measurements product inhibition by nadph and inhibition by glucosamine phosphate yielded results that were consistent the possibility that unexplored synergistic actions may be important furthermore the hypothesis that contaminating HFA anilides in toxic oil undergo alterations during cooking is supported by high pressure liquid chromatographic analysis the theoretic metabolism of HFA anilides is discussed recent data concerning the toxic actions of the anilides of oleic and LA are given these data suggest that these anilides induce immunologic alterations that may be similar to those seen in the toxic oil syndrome in addition the heated anilides appear to have increased toxicity supporting the concept that the use of toxic oil in cooking may increase its toxicity | MEDAL |
links between environmental chemicals and human health have emerged but the effects on SRH were less studied therefore it was aimed to T0 the relationships of different sets of urinary environmental chemicals and the SRH in a national and populationbased study in recent years data was retrieved from the us national health and nutrition examination surveys including demographics SS measurements lifestyle AF SRH with two grouping approaches and urinary environmental chemical concentrations t test and surveyweighted logistic regression modeling were performed among american adults aged n people had reported their general health condition two thousand three hundred sixtynine people reported their GA health condition as excellent or very good while reported good fair or poor people who reported their GA health condition as good fair or poor had higher levels of urinary arsenic heavy metals including cadmium cobalt manganese molybdenum lead antimony strontium tungsten and uranium phthalates pesticides and polyaromatic HCs but lower levels of benzophenone and triclosan there were no associations with urinary parabens perchlorate nitrate thiocyanate or polyfluorinated EDC however only urinary Cd BP triclosan and hydroxynaphthalene remained significant when comparing between good to excellent and poor to fair this is the first time observing risk associations of urinary As heavy metal phthalate pesticide and hydrocarbon concentrations and selfrated health in people aged although the causality cannot be established further beta of these environmental chemicals in humans might need to be considered in health and environmental policies | MEDAL |
conventional CBF angiography has always been regarded as the gold standard for IA detection however conventional angiography has the disadvantages of being invasive and time consuming we present here patients who underwent CTA cta with threedimensional reconstruction for the detection of intracranial aneurysms all of these patients had subarachnoid hemorrhage or suspected intracranial aneurysms cta was performed in all patients with the use of a general electric hispeed advantage helical scanner iohexol ml was used as the UCA twentyfive patients also underwent conventional angiography for comparison the five patients who underwent cta only did not have conventional angiography because of poor clinical condition and four of them subsequently died five patients had subarachnoid hemorrhage but the results of both cta and CA were negative for aneurysms one patient had an incidental finding of a mm left posterior communicating artery aneurysm on cta which was confirmed by conventional angiography in the remaining patients saccular aneurysms and fusiform aneurysm were detected by cta locations and sizes were confirmed by conventional angiography in all except two the first exception was a patient who had a mm anterior communicating i.a. aneurysm detected by cta but not by conventional angiography surgical exploration confirmed the cta diagnosis the other exception was a patient in whom a mm right posterior communicating i.a. aneurysm was detected by cta but in whom conventional angiography showed a mm left posterior communicating artery aneurysm unfortunately there was no surgical confirmation in this case because the family of the patient refused surgery our results have demonstrated that cta is a quick reliable and relatively simple diagnostic tool for intracranial aneurysms in an emergent situation such as a deteriorating patient with a hematoma it is superior to either empiric exploration or infusion computed tomographic scans because it delineates the orientation and configuration of the aneurysm and its associated V1 anatomy | MEDAL |
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