text
stringlengths 10
10.1k
| source
stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|
in the present T0 overexpression purification and characterization of aeropyrum pernix k chaperonin b in e coli were investigated the chaperonin betasubunit gene apcpnb bp orf from the hyperthermophilic archaeon a pernix k was amplified by pcr and subcloned into vector peta the constructed petaapcpnb kb was transformed into e coli bl codonplus de the transformant cell successfully expressed apcpnb and the expression of apcpnb kda was identified through analysis of the fractions by sdspage gel the recombinant apcpnb was purified to higher than by using heatshock treatment at degrees c for min and fast protein liquid chromatography on a hitrap q column step the purified apcpnb showed atpase activity and its activity was dependent on temperature in the ADP apcpnb effectively protected citrate synthase cs and alcohol dehydrogenase adh from thermal aggregation and inactivation at degrees c and degrees c respectively specifically the activity of malate dehydrogenase mdh at degrees c was greatly stabilized by the addition of apcpnb and atp coexpression of procarboxypeptidase b procpb and apcpnb in e coli bl codonplus de had a marked effect on the yield of procpb as a soluble and AS form speculating that apcpnb facilitates the correct folding of procpb these results suggest that apcpnb has both foldase and holdase MICs and can be used as a powerful molecular machinery for the production of recombinant proteins as soluble and AS forms in e coli | MEDAL |
the chk gene codifies for a serinethreonine kinase that plays a CE role in dna damage response pathways to determine the potential role of chk alterations in the pathogenesis of lymphoid neoplasms we have examined the gene status protein and mrna expression in a series of tumors and nonneoplastic lymphoid samples a heterozygous ilethr substitution also present in the germ L1 of the patient was detected in a blastoid mantle FCCL mcl chk protein and mrna expression C2 were similar in all types of lymphomas and reactive samples and these levels were independent of the proliferative activity of the tumors however tumors one typical mcl blastoid mcls and large cell lymphomas showed marked loss of protein expression including samples with CR absence of chk protein these lymphomas showed the highest number of chromosomal imbalances detected by comparative genomic hybridization in the whole series of cases however no mutations deletions or hypermethylation of the promoter region were identified in any of these tumors mrna C2 were similar in cases with low and normal protein expression suggesting a posttranscriptional regulation of the protein in these PT chk gene and protein alterations were not related to p and atm gene status in conclusion chk alterations are uncommon in malignant lymphomas but occur in a subset of aggressiented the inactivation of hcocl exchange conversely activating mapk in the gv oocyte resulted in inactivation of hcocl exchange these results imply that the hcocl exchanger in mouse oocytes is negatively regulated by mapk thus suppression of phregulatory mechanisms during meiosis is a novel function of mapk and cytostatic factor activity in the oocyte | MEDAL |
we designed a new bagcarrier device system for continuous intravenous hyperalimentation the patient carries it on his shoulder and can both walk up and down stairs and go out the use of this device is simple and easy and was found to increase the patients opportunity to engage in PCS activity | MEDAL |
irritable bowel syndrome ibs is highly prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder associated with decrease in quality of life and a high social cost diet is one of several therapeutic options in ibs treatment therefore the OD and clinical evaluation of innovative PET food for ibs patients are actual instant drink containing g inulin mg menthol and mg of pyridoxine in daily dose has been evaluated patients ± years old fulfilling the rome iii criteria for ibsc were randomly assigned into two CG one received standard diet plus two drinks per day for weeks and control group received standard diet response to therapy was recorded daily using likert scale of abdominal pain bloating and feeling of incomplete bowel emptying frequency of bowel movement bristol stool scale and quality of life was assessed by ibsqol questionnaire before and after the treatment the consumption of the drink with in and menthol contributed to a significant positive effect on the stool parameters from ± to ± BMs per day in stool frequency p from ± to ± index bristol scale p reduced the severity of ABD pain from ± to likert scale points p bloating from ± to ± points oflikertscalep and a sense of incomplete bowelemptying from ± to ± points of likert scale p as well as increased the SQ of life from ± to ± p but a significant part of patients of complained the appearance of heartburn after the start of the treatment in conclusion the consumption of the functional drink containing inulin menthol and pyridoxine is associated with improve in stool parameters ABD pain bristol scale index and increase in SQ of life in patients with ibsc but produce noticeable heartburn changes in PET drink composition are needed to reduce adverse effects | MEDAL |
brain infarction is one of the most important ageassociated diseases we have developed aged animal models for BB ischemia and found the agerelated neuronal vulnerability to BB ischemia investigation of that mechanism would lead to the ERP treatment of BI in the elder population recent advancement of gene transfer technique has provided strong tools for the neuronal and V1 biology we described our recent approaches of gene transfer to blood vessels including CBF circulation using adenoviral vectors CBF blood vessels AS EC and ICM brain tissue are good targets of gene transfer development of these techniques would offer new therapeutic strategies for the agerelated neuronal vulnerability and other ageassociated diseases | MEDAL |
the effects of chronic respiratory alkalosis on divalent ion homeostasis have not been reported in any species we studied four normal male subjects during a fourday control period residence at m during six days of chronic respiratory alkalosis induced by hypobaric hypoxia residence at m followed by a sixday eucapnic recovery period m under metabolic balance conditions chronic respiratory alkalosis delta paco mm hg deltah nmolliter resulted in a sustained decrement in plasma ionized calcium concentration deltaiocap mmolliter p less than and a sustained increment in plasma phosphate concentration deltapop mmolliter p less than associated with increased FE of ca p less than decreased phosphate clearance mlmin p less than and decreased excretion of nephrogenous camp nmol ml gfr p less than urinary phosphate excretion decreased by mmol hr on day of chronic respiratory alkalosis p less than but returned to control values by day despite hyperphosphatemia SS IN pth did not NC sustained hypomagnesuria mmol hr p less than occurred during chronic respiratory alkalosis and was accounted for at least in part by decreased FE of mg p less than in the absence of change in plasma magnesium concentration SS ohd levels were unchanged by chronic respiratory alkalosis in conclusion the decrease in NcAMP generation despite unchanged serum intact pth concentration suggests that chronic respiratory alkalosis results in impaired renal responsiveness to pth as manifested by alterations in pthdependent renal calcium and phosphate transportabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the haemorheological changes during RT development in mice with transplanted nonmetastatic A549 p were studied the RT cells were injected subcutaneously into CS inbred mice animals were sacrificed at days and each mouse was examined histologically and by haemorheological tests including PV BV haematocrit and aggregation of erythrocytes the OD of subcutaneous tumor was divided into stages T3 transplantation according to the histological changes namely latent stage proliferative stage stage of cystformation and stage with central CN the haemorheological investigation showed that compared with the normal animals plasma viscosity was elevated on days and but was normal at on days the aggregation of erythrocytes showed no change in the whole process of RT development the haematocrit and blood viscosity decreased on days and stage with CE CN the significance of the results were discussed | MEDAL |
the hypothesis was tested that after extrusion of the liquid columns that often block the lumen of conducting airways the latter will remain open because of wellfunctioning pulmonary surfactant preventing the liquid columns from returning the extirpated lungs of WR were studied via a tracheal tube a very fine catheter pe was inserted and advanced until it pierced the pleura it was extracted until only mm remained in the lung parenchyma a pressure transducer measured the resistance that met a steady flow of air through the series of tubes the pe tube the conducting airway of the lung and the tracheal tube the airway resistance was studied for s after three airway flushings two with saline solution and one with calf LS extract clse mgml the pressure recording showed that a low pressure indicating airway patency occurred for only s mean sem T3 the first saline flush and for s after the second T3 the clse flush the airway remained open for s which indicated a significantly reduced resistance p the results imply that wellfunctioning PS is required for a low airway resistance | MEDAL |
to analyze the tau of D2 drainagethat is longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy combined with local pancreatic head excision lpjlpheand pyloruspreserving pancreatoduodenectomy pppd in terms of PR control of complications arising from adjacent organs and quality of life | MEDAL |
implantassociated infections are caused by surfaceadhering microorganisms persisting as biofilms resistant to host defense and antimicrobial agents given the limited efficacy of traditional antibiotics novel strategies may rely on the prevention of such infections through the design of new biomaterials in this work two antimicrobial agents applied to nanohydroxyapatite materialsnamely chlorhexidine digluconate chx and zinc oxide zno nanoparticleswere compared concerning their ability to avoid single or dualspecies biofilms of staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli the resulting biofilms were quantified by the enumeration of colonyforming units and examined by confocal microscopy using both livedead IF and bacterialspecific fluorescent in situ hybridization the sessile population arrangement was also observed by SEM microscopy both biomaterials showed to be effective in impairing bacterial adhesion and proliferation for either single or dualspecies biofilms furthermore a competitive interaction was observed for dualspecies biofilms wherein e coli exhibited higher proliferative capacity than s aureus an inverse SMB from the one observed in singlespecies biofilms therefore either nanohachx or nanohazno surfaces appear as promising alternatives to antitol trisphosphate receptor type itpr in patients with cerebellar ataxia however itpr is expressed not only by purkinje cells but also in the anterior horn of the spinal cord in the substantia gelatinosa and in the motor sensory including the dorsal root ganglia and autonomic IP NS suggesting that the clinical spectrum associated with autoimmunity to itpr may be broader than initially thought here we report on SS autoantibodies to itpr up to in three patients with radiculopolyneuropathy which in two cases was associated with CA itprexpressing adenocarcinoma of the lung multiple myeloma suggesting a paraneoplastic aetiology | MEDAL |
the possible advantages of stereolithographic sla surgical template use have not been adequately demonstrated and studies of the accuracy of computeraided implant placement are few the purpose of this in vivo study was to evaluate the accuracy of a computerdesigned sla surgical guide by comparing the threedimensional positions of planned and placed implants | MEDAL |
computed tomography ct scan has been an increasingly essential diagnostic tool for emergency physicians eps to triage emergency patients canadian computed tomography head rule cchr had been established and widely used to spare patients with mild HI from unnecessary radiation however the awareness of cchr and its actual utilization among chinese eps were unknown this survey was to investigate the awareness and use of cchr and their associated characteristics among chinese eps | MEDAL |
alcohol consumption during pregnancy has negative implications for maternal and child health appropriate early universal screening brief intervention and referral to treatment sbirt leukin il and il function as innate regulators of mucosal integrity impaired but not wellunderstood kinetics of the il secretion was described in celiac patients here the il and ilproducing intestinal cells were studied upon their in vitro stimulation with mitogens in class ii major H-2 complexdefined glutensensitive Rh macaques pediatric biopsies were collected from distal duodenum during the stages of disease remission and relapse regardless of dietary gluten content il and ilproducing cells consisted of cd and cd t lymphocytes as well as of lineagenegative lin cells upon introduction of dietary gluten capability of intestinal t cells to secrete il started to decline p which was paralleled with gradual disruption of epithelial integrity these data indicate that ilproducing cells play an important role in maintenance of intestinal mucosa in glutensensitive primates | MEDAL |
as the overall prognosis for patients with OC is poor the management of this condition should be restricted to expert multidisciplinary teams in gynaecological oncology apparent early stage ovarian CA requires accurate and complete staging so that potential CS for metastases are not missed omitting adequate staging may have significant consequences including a negative impact on survival rates in young patients the challenge with T3 OC is to obtain a detailed appreciation of the extent of disease this information allows treatment with primary chemotherapy if the CA is considered to be inoperable andor the general condition of the patient renders her unfit for appropriate surgery available data would suggest that a year survival rate of is only possible for those patients who have had complete cytoreduction of all tumour therefore the best surgical option for patients with advanced OC is a complete primary surgical procedure that achieves CR clearance of the abdominal cavity rather than optimal surgery that leaves tumour nodules up to cm in diameter in situ in the patient | MEDAL |
we investigated heparin cofactor ii hc ii C2 and their relationship to other haemostatic AF in the elderly in comparison with antithrombin iii at iii we measured plasma hc ii activity levels in subjects aged from to years using a chromogenic method hc ii levels in the healthy elderly subjects were significantly p less than lower than in healthy AD controls under years of age mean age years hc ii levels in the elderly subjects decreased further with age r p less than and the extent of the decrease was more marked than that for at iii r p less than there was no significant sex difference in hc ii C2 in the elderly hc ii C2 correlated significantly with at iii C2 and with acute phase reactants including sialic acid fibrinogen and pai hc ii levels also correlated with factor vii plasminogen alpha plasmin inhibitor SS lipid pseudocholinesterase and Al C2 these correlations were also found for at iii except AS pai and tpapai complexes but the correlations with acute phase reactants were stronger for hc ii than at iii we divided elderly subjects into groups by their pseudocholinesterase and Al C2 to estimate the effect of nutritional status on AT activity in the elderly hc ii levels were normal in the elderly subjects with a good nutritional state but were significantly decreased in those with malnutrition p less than at iii C2 also showed the same tendency these results indicate a decrease in the reserve capacity to inhibit TG at CS of atherosclerosis in response to trigger events the deficiency of two L1 AT factors in the elderly may indicate a tendency to thrombosis especially in individuals with malnutrition when considering the clinical significance of hc ii several other parameters including age nutritional status hepatic synthetic ability and the presence or absence of acute phase reaction should also be assessed | MEDAL |
a clinical dose rate mgkg bodyweight of phenylbutazone was po intravenously and orally to six welsh mountain ponies to provide data on the pharmacokinetics and BA of the drug in three threeyearold ponies clearance of the drug from plasma after i.v. was almost twice as rapid as in three ponies aged eight to years after oral administration plasma phenylbutazone C2 were greater in the older ponies the area under the plasma concentration time curve being almost twice as high this did not result from more efficient absorption but from slower plasma clearance the fractional absorption of phenylbutazone was similar in young and older ponies and respectively the hour urinary excretion of phenylbutazone and its hydroxylated metabolites oxyphenbutazone and gammahydroxyphenylbutazone accounted for approximately per cent of the po intravenous dose in both young and older ponies the possible fates of the remaining per cent were considered | MEDAL |
the external nasal dilator strip ends device breathe right cns inc chanhassen mn usa has been adopted by athletes to promote nasal route PLB during exercise we studied the influence of ends on the switching point from nasalonly to oronasal breathing during exercise in healthy men age yrs mean sem and women age yrs resting inspiratory nasal airflow resistance decreased from kpals without ends to kpals with ends p ends delayed the onset of oronasal PLB such that the time from commencement of exercise to switching increased by and maximum C2 of inspiratory nasal airflow and ventilation achieved prior to switching increased by and respectively all p we conclude that in normal healthy subjects ends does promote nasal route PLB during exercise but any delay in the ON of oral route PLB during a progressive exercise task appears relatively small | MEDAL |
BL brachial paralysis and bilateral visual field defects developed T3 PD bypass in two patients these deficits caused by cerebral watershed infarctions probably resulted from global CBF hypoperfusion during CP bypass although bypass had been maintained with high perfusion flows to lminm and perfusion pressures from to mm hg no systemic hypoperfusion or SH occurred before or after CP bypass CBF watershed infarctions occur predominantly in the boundary zones between the anterior middle and PCA arteries in previous reports watershed infarctions most often occurred as preterminal events in patients after sustained episodes of obvious hypoperfusion the occurrence of such L1 neurological deficits in two patients without systemic hypoperfusion suggests that traditionally accepted flows and perfusion pressures do not assure adequate CBF blood flow during cardiopulmonary bypass | MEDAL |
destructive lesions were made in the RA olfactory bulb of AD opossums following postoperative survival periods of to days the animals were sacrificed and perfused with formalin frozen sections of the BB were cut in either the coronal horizontal or sagittal plane and processed by the finkheimer ii method degenerating axons of olfactory bulb neurons were traced caudally in the ipsilateral LOT lot small lesions revealed a topographic representation of the olfactory bulb within the lot the dorsal lateral and ventral parts of the bulb were respectively represented in the dorsal intermediate and VP parts of the lot terminal degeneration was observed in the SF half of the molecular layer ipsilaterally in the following structures anterior olfactory nucleus anterior hippocampal rudiment olfactory tubercle piriform cortex ventrolateral FC neocortex LEC nucleus of the lot and the lateral aspect of the cortical amygdaloid nucleus no degeneration was observed in the anterior limb of the AC dorsal and lateral parts of the olfactory bulb projected to the anterolateral aspect of the OT whereas the VP part projected heavily to the entire tubercle there was no evidence of topographic projections to other olfactory structures the observations of the present investigation indicated that the olfactory bulb projections in the opossum a primitive mammal are essentially comparable with those of placental mammals | MEDAL |
defects in S1 viia lead to developmental anomalies of the auditory and visual sensory cells we sought proteins interacting with the S1 viia tail by using the yeast twohybrid system here we report on shroom a submembranous pdz domaincontaining protein that is associated with the tight junctions in multiple embryonic and adult epithelia shroom directly interacts with the CT mythferm domain of myosin viia and with factin in addition a shroom fragment containing the region of interaction with factin was able to protect AFs from cytochalasindinduced disruption in mdck cells transfection experiments in mdck and le l fibroblasts that express EC cells led us to conclude that shroom is targeted to the cellcell junctions in the presence of tight junctions only in caswitch experiments on mdck cells zo also known as tjp preceded gfptagged shroom at the differentiating tight junctions zo directly interacts with the serine and prolinerich region of shroom in vitro moreover the two proteins colocalize in vivo at mature tight junctions and could be coimmunoprecipitated from brain and cochlear extracts we suggest that shroom and zo form a tightjunctionassociated scaffolding complex possibly linked to S1 viia that bridges the junctional membrane to the underlying cytoskeleton thereby contributing to the stabilization of these junctions | MEDAL |
the objective of this T0 was to demonstrate the feasibility of a cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen cmro | MEDAL |
the orbitofrontal SC ofc plays a critical role in learning a reversal of stimulusreward contingencies dopamine da SN probably support reversal learning by emitting prediction error signals that indicate the discrepancy between the actually received reward and its prediction however the role of da receptormediated signaling in the ofc to adapt behavior to changing stimulusreward contingencies is largely unknown here we examined the effects of a selective d or d receptor blockade in the ofc on learning a reversal of previously acquired stimulusreward magnitude contingencies rats were TR on a reaction time rt task demanding CS lever release with discriminative visual stimuli signaling in advance the upcoming reward magnitude one or five food pellets T3 acquisition rts were guided by stimulusassociated reward magnitudes ie rts of responses were significantly shorter for expected high versus low reward thereafter stimulusreward magnitude contingencies were reversed and learning was tested under reversal conditions for three blocks after pretrial infusions of the selective d or d receptor antagonists rchlorohydroxymethylphenyltetrahydrohbenzazepinhydrochloride sch eticlopride or vehicle for comparisons we included intraofc infusions of the selective nmethyldaspartate receptor antagonist ap results revealed that in animals subjected to intraofc infusions of sch or eticlopride learning a reversal of previously acquired stimulus rewardmagnitude contingencies was impaired thus in a visual discrimination task as used here d and d receptormediated signaling in the ofc seems to be necessary to update the rewardpredictive significance of stimuli | MEDAL |
the phospholipid composition of membranes can influence the physiological functioning of the cell or subcellular organelle this association has been previously demonstrated in skeletal muscle where cellular or subcellular membrane specifically mitochondria phospholipid composition is linked to muscle CF however these observations are based on whole mixed skeletal muscle analysis with little information on skeletal muscles of differing fibertype compositions these past approaches that used mixed muscle may have misidentified outcomes or masked differences thus the purpose of this study was to compare the phospholipid fatty acid composition of SS ss mitochondria isolated from slowtwitch postural soleus EDL highly oxidative glycolytic locomotory red gastrocnemius and FO glycolytic locomotory plantaris skeletal muscles the main findings of the T0 demonstrated unique differences between ss mitochondrial membranes from postural soleus compared to the other locomotory skeletal muscles examined specifically lower percentage mole fraction of phosphatidylcholine pc and significantly higher percentage mole fraction of saturated fatty acids sfa and lower n polyunsaturated fatty acids pufa resulting in a lower unsaturation index we also found that although there was no difference in the percentage mole fraction of CL cl between skeletal muscle types examined cl of soleus mitochondrial CM were approximately twofold more sfa and approximately twothirds less pufa resulting in a lower unsaturation and peroxidation indices thus the results of this T0 indicate unique membrane lipid composition of mitochondria isolated from different skeletal muscle types a potential consequence of their respective duty cycles | MEDAL |
the receptor activator of nfkappab ligand rankl a critical regulator of osteoclastogenesis is synthesized as a membraneanchored protein and cleaved into a soluble form by ectodomain shedding we developed an CA system to identify molecules regulating the rankl shedding using this system we found that a splice variant of capromoted ras inactivator capri deltacapri which is expressed in primary osteoblasts promoted the rankl shedding the wild type capri is a member of the ras gtpaseactivating protein gap family and suppresses cadependent ras activation whereas deltacapri which lacks one exon in the gaprelated domain activated the ras pathway overexpression of deltacapri or a constitutive active form of ras upregulated the expression level of matrixmetalloproteinease patients gordon and coworkers were the first who published results of their investigation in searching for such a substance in it was isolated from the rabbits neoplasm type v ca and then characterized and named as CP cp CA procoagulant is responsible for blood coagulation disorders in neoplasm disease patients incorrect metabolism of fibrin and its concentration around malignant tissues this enzyme in vitro is a direct activator of the FX without contribution of factor vii or any other cofactors cf differs in PCS chemical and enzymatic activity from others procoagulants the main aim of the paper is a review of the literature for structure chemical characteristic occurrence and clinical relevance of the CA procoagulant cp and its clinical use in current oncological diagnostics | MEDAL |
to compare sonazoidenhanced ultrasound seus and contrastenhanced computed tomography cect enhancement and washout patterns in hepatic lesions | MEDAL |
the association between serum leptin levels and several factors related to AS were studied in subjects who were japanese medical students taking no medications the group was comprised of males and females the age CSD in males was to years median age years and in females was to years median age years statistical analyses were performed using the wilcoxon rank sum test and spearman rho median C2 of SS OB were ngml in males and ngml in females the largest rho observed was widi percent body fat irrespective of sex males r p females r p however body mass index bmi was similarly well correlated with SS leptin r p in males but not in females r p a negative rho was observed between HD VLDL hdlc and leptin in both sexes males r p females r p respectively percent body fat bmi diastolic blood pressure apolipoprotein b and hdlc were the most significant factors in males percentage of body fat and hdlc were the most important AF in females | MEDAL |
this short case series presents the results from patients with bilateral chronic DME dme months after they were initially treated with iluvien ® μgday fluocinolone acetonide fac | MEDAL |
pathogenic yersinia species use a type iii secretion system to inhibit phagocytosis by eukaryotic cells at degrees c the secretion system is assembled forming a needlelike structure on the bacterial cell surface upon eukaryotic cell contact six effector proteins called yops are translocated into the eukaryotic cell cytosol here we show that a yscp mutant exports an increased amount of the needle component yscf to the bacterial cell surface but is unable to efficiently secrete effector yops mutations in the cytoplasmic domain of the inner membrane protein yscu suppress the yscp phenotype by reducing the level of yscf secretion and increasing the level of yop secretion these results suggest that yscp and yscu coordinately regulate the ATP specificity of the yersinia TTS system furthermore we show that yscp and yscu act upstream of the cell contact sensor yopn as well as the inner gatekeeper lcrg in the pathway of substrate export regulation these results further strengthen the strong evolutionary link between flagellar biosynthesis and type iii synthesis | MEDAL |
recent evidence has shown that cdbright nk cells a subset of nk cells abundant in CL NO may have an immunoregulatory function in multiple sclerosis ms expansion of cdbright nk cells has been associated to successful response to different treatments and to remission of disease during pregnancy how whether they exert immunoregulation in physiologic conditions and whether this is impaired in ms is not known we dissected the immunoregulatory role of cdbright nk cells CF in healthy subjects HS and compared it with that of UT ms subjects or patients with clinically isolated syndrome suggestive of ms cis we found that cdbright nk cells from HS acquire upon inflammatory cues the capability of suppressing autologous cdt cell proliferation through direct cytotoxicity requiring engagement of natural cytotoxicity receptors ncrs and secretion of granzyme b cdbright nk cells from patients with mscis did not differ in frequency and share a similar phenotype but displayed a significantly lower ability to inhibit autologous t cell proliferation this impairment was not related to deficient expression of ncrs or granzyme b by cdbright nk cells but to increased hlae expression on TA from mscis subjects which could enhance the GABA effect mediated by nkga that is homogeneously expressed on cdbright nk cells the defect in controlling autologous t cells by cdbright nk cells in mscis might contribute to the excess of autoimmune response that is associated to disease OD | MEDAL |
percutaneous FA vascular access is frequently used for aortic endovascular procedures with a local access complication rate of to fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair fevar has recently emerged as a new technique for the repair of shortneck and juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous access for fevar has not been established to date | MEDAL |
fisbog is a recently described fetal protein it can be detected in the CB it can be identified in maternal SS in late pregnancy in this T0 the values in MS in late pregnancy in normal pregnancies were compared with abnormal pregnancies twin pregnancies stillbirth cases of preeclampsia who had a significant antepartum haemorrhage and who were smallfordates to assess its potential as a test of fetal wellbeing fisbog appeared to have no significant role as a test of fetal wellbeing | MEDAL |
TA biopsy is the gold standard investigation for GCA guidelines recommend that specimens should measure no less than cm and ideally more than cm in length as this influences the likelihood of biopsy positivity this audit investigates the extent to which temporal artery biopsies acquired in our hospital meet these guidelines | MEDAL |
drug induced exfoliative dermatitis ed are a group of rare and severe drug HSRs dhr involving skin and usually occurring from days to several weeks T3 AUC EM em stevensjohnson syndrome sjs and toxic epidermal necrolysis ten are the main clinical presentations of drug induced ed overall TA are the central player of these immunemediated drug reactions here we provide a SR on frequency risk factors pathogenesis clinical features and management of patients with drug induced ed | MEDAL |
on the basis of our previous demonstration of the high LIA of a series of pnalkyloxybenzhydroxamic acids and nalkyl esters of dihydroxybenzoic acid against the trypanosome alternative oxidase in a cellfree mitochondrial preparation of trypanosoma brucei brucei we synthesized a series of nnalkyldihydroxybenzamides for DUE as inhibitors of this enzyme this class of EDC was selected with the expectation of their having similar inhibitory activity to but greater solubility than the esters and hydroxamic acids noted above and greater resistance to SS hydrolases in vivo we predicted that such properties would allow an inhibitor of the trypanosome AOX to be coadministered with glycerol as a means of providing treatment for infections by african trypanosomes as expected such benzamides were both more soluble and more SD some being more active against the target enzyme than the corresponding ester one nnbutyldihydroxybenzamide was selected for DUE in vivo against t brucei brucei when combined with glycerol this BA was found to be curative a regimen wherein mg of nnbutyldihydroxybenzamide per kg and g of glycerol per kg were given hourly in three divided doses cured of mice with established t brucei brucei infections this combination is more AS in vivo than any other designed to block simultaneously both the unique respiratory electron transport system and the anaerobic glycolytic pathways of these pathogenic protozoa | MEDAL |
accumulation and misfolding of the AS protein are core mechanisms in the pathogenesis of parkinsons disease while the normal function of alphasynuclein is mainly related to the control of vesicular neurotransmission its pathogenic effects are linked to various cellular functions which include mitochondrial activity as well as proteasome and autophagic Kd of proteins remarkably these functions are also affected when the renewal of macromolecules and organelles becomes impaired during the normal aging process as aging is considered a major risk factor for parkinsons disease it is critical to explore its molecular and cellular implications in the context of the AS pathology here we discuss similarities and differences between normal BB aging and parkinsons disease with a particular emphasis on the nigral DA neurons which appear to be selectively vulnerable to the combined effects of AS and aging | MEDAL |
in this review a summary of some of the neural pathways that appear to be involved in central cardiovascular control is given the efferent connections of the NTS are described particular emphasis is placed on those projections that go to nuclei that have direct connections with the IML viz paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus kõllikerfuse nucleus a catecholamine cell group the chemosensitive region of the ventral medulla and possibly the region of the a catecholamine cell group in addition some fo these nuclei also have direct or indirect connections with the paraventricular andor supraoptic Thy nuclei this suggests that some of the pathways that project to the cardiovascular preganglionic SN may also influence the release of vasopressin | MEDAL |
to gain insight into the mechanisms of deletion formation between tandem repeats escherichia coli plasmids were engineered to carry a bp tandem duplication within the teta gene such that deletion of one of the repeats restores an intact teta gene and tetracycline resistance to the cell four basepair changes were introduced into one of the TRs to serve as genetic markers after selection for deletion individual plasmid products were sequenced to deduce where within the repeat the deletion had occurred our analysis shows most deletions are fusions of the two repeats in a single bp interval this is consistent with the simple replication slippair MM for deletion formation and suggests that this interval may have unusual features that promote deletion dimer replicon products have experienced a sisterchromosome exchange event in addition to deletion and carry two teta loci a deleted locus showing a similar distribution of endpoints as seenin the monomer products and an unchanged repeat locus seemingly reciprocal dimers are occasionally recovered which carry both a deleted and a triplicated teta locus these are not truly reciprocal in that the sequence analysis showed that the deletion and tripli C6 episode we considered treating the patient with lithium but this option was rejected by his family the patient has remained asymptomatic month followup a possible relationship to endogenous psychotic disorders and the role of neurotransmitter metabolism are discussed computerassisted analysis of electroencephalographic activity revealed high signal complexity which we believe suggests a primary cortical RII defect | MEDAL |
this article reviews options in dealing with PT of the cornea and conjunctiva nictitating membrane neoplasms and eyelid neoplasms orbital PT optic nerve and other intraocular tumors are also discussed | MEDAL |
spike timing precision is a fundamental aspect of neuronal information processing in the brain here we examined the temporal precision of inputoutput T0 of dentate granule cells dgcs in an animal model of temporal lobe epilepsy tle in tle mossy fibers sprout and establish recurrent synapses on dgcs that generate aberrant slow kainate receptormediated excitatory postsynaptic potentials epspka not observed in controls we report that in contrast to timelocked spikes generated by epspampa in control dgcs aberrant epspka are associated with longlasting plateaus and jittered spikes during singlespike mode firing this is mediated by a selective voltagedependent amplification of epspka through persistent sodium current inap activation in control dgcs a current injection of a waveform mimicking the slow shape of epspka activates inap and generates jittered spikes conversely in epileptic rats blockade of epspka or inap restores the temporal precision of epspspike coupling importantly epspka not only decrease spike timing precision at recurrent mossy fiber synapses but also at PP synapses during synaptic integration through inap activation we conclude that a selective interplay between aberrant epspka and inap severely alters the temporal precision of epspspike coupling in dgcs of chronic epileptic rats | MEDAL |
tolerance of rrdichlorooxohpyridylacetamidomethylthiadiazolylthiomethyloxothiaazabicyclooctenecarboxylic acid cefazedone refosporen x g or x gday dosage interval hours duration of treatment week was examined in iv administration to patients using numerous parameters in patients treatment was stopped sooner on account of the development of a morbilliform rash a causal relation between this and the chemotherapy seemed probable in one case and possible in the other patient developed a transitory thrombocytosis without clinical PS in female patients yeasts were found in the midstream urine changes in the red or WG blood count in SS electrolytes in bilirubin or increases in the activity of serum enzymes were not found indications of disturbances in renal function could be ruled out by examinations of endogenous creatinine clearance repeat analyses of excretion of erythrocytes NCs and various urinary eendotracheal tube and only later with a tracheostomy weaning the patient from the apparatus requires special care in cases of PI the use of positive endexpiratory pressure has been a L1 advance hemoglobin concentration cardiac output and renal CF must receive attention open lung biopsy is of the greatest value when the diagnosis is open to question resort to a membrane oxygenator to provide extracorporeal oxygenation of blood can sustain for a time the patient in whom hypoxia is critical in degree | MEDAL |
the molecular chaperone clpbhsp a member of the aaa superfamily atpases associated with various cellular activities rescues proteins from the aggregated state in collaboration with the dnakhsp chaperone system clpbhsp forms a hexameric ringshaped complex that functions as a tightly regulated atppowered molecular disaggregation machine highly conserved and essential Arg residues often called Arg fingers are located at the S1 interfaces of the complex which also harbor the catalytic sites several aaa proteins including clpbhsp possess a pair of such transacting arginines in the NT NBD1 nbd both of which were shown to be crucial for oligomerization and atpase activity here we present a mechanistic study elucidating the role of this conserved arginine pair first we found that the arginines couple nucleotide binding to oligomerization of nbd which is essential for the activity next we designed a set of covalently linked dimeric clpb nbd SCV carrying single subunits deficient in either atp binding or hydrolysis to T0 allosteric regulation and intersubunit communication using this well defined environment of sitespecifically modified crosslinked aaa domains we found that the conserved arginine pair mediates the cooperativity of atp IB and hydrolysis in an allosteric fashion | MEDAL |
a retired woman with left ophthalmic shingles of over years duration attended with bilateral vision loss and SVR upset acute retinal necrosis with detachment was detected on right fundus examination cataract in left eye precluded funduscopy ocular ultrasonography revealed fibrotic retinal detachment in the left eye mri BB and orbits also showed signals of retinal detachment no abnormal mri signal within the optic nerve or BB was found varicella zoster virus was detected in ocular aqueous and blood samples highdose intravenous acyclovir was po hiv test was positive with a very low cd count ARV medications were prescribed there was no recovery of vision she was certified as blind and social services were involved in seeking to provide alterations to her home in view of her severe disability this case highlights the importance of suspecting hiv in patients with severe or chronic ophthalmic shingles images and implications for clinical practice are presented | MEDAL |
community mental health centers and other quasipublic authorities are operating within a larger health market characterized by the rapid unfolding of a number of key trends in consumer behavior provider supply and financing each of these trends though not readily apparent is strongly reflected in the specialty MH sector MH managers are faced with fundamental choices about the direction of their respective organizations and the adequacy of their resources to proceed mr kipp outlines the market dynamics at issue describes three basic alternatives and offers some guidelines for management in charting a course | MEDAL |
this paper reviews cases of minor salivary gland carcinoma of the oral cavity or OP which were treated at kurume university hospital between and minor SSG carcinoma was observed in eight of patients with cancer of the oral cavity per cent and in of patients with CA of the OP per cent the fiveyear and year survival rates of patients with OP MSG carcinoma were per cent no statistically significant difference was observed between survival rates for oropharyngeal minor SSG carcinoma and for OP squamous cell carcinoma p the five and year survival rates of patients with oral cavity MSG carcinoma were and per cent respectively no statistically significant difference was observed between survival rates for oral cavity MSG carcinoma and oral cavity squamous cell carcinomapatients survival results correlated well with the clinical stage of their lesions a significant difference in suhold that minimized the deviance the icetag device was found to accurately measure the highprevalence behaviors lying and standing sesp and less accurately measure the lowprevalence SMB moving sesp application of the step procedure using an optimal lpc estimate of s resulted in an improved description of calf SMB yielding a valid representation of the number and duration of lying and upright periods sesp within a precision of to s confidence interval in grouphoused dairy calves valid measures of the number and duration of lying and upright periods may be obtained from the icetag device when applying the presented filtering procedure to the data measures regarding locomotion on the other hand should be used with caution | MEDAL |
the content of dolichol an isoprenoid present in all biological CM was determined in isolated sinusoidal liver cells T3 treatment of rats for and months with a low dosage of the hepatotoxin thioacetamide the significant decrease in dolichol observed in hepatocytes T3 months might be explained by peroxidation of the isoprenoid at the same time point retinol was retained and decreased only T3 months of treatment after months of treatment therefore both lipids decreased in a subfraction of hepatic stellate cells ito cells the main storage site of vitamin a dolichol decreased significantly only T3 months a remarkable difference from HCs is that in ito cells retinol content significantly decreased after months of treatment in another subfraction ito cells the content of the two isoprenoids decreased in parallel this heterogeneous subfraction might represent those transitional hepatic stellate cells that while losing retinol are in the process of differentiating into myofibroblasts secreting extracellular matrix components in KCs and sinusoidal endothelial cells impairment of dolichol might be observed later only after months of treatment while retinol decreases uniformly over time starting T3 two months of treatment the decrease of dolichol and the increase of retinol in HCs at the same time as retinol decreases in hepatic stellate cells might be taken as an early index of incipient liver injury due to thioacetamide this hypothesis is discussed with regard to a role of dolichol in the modulation of membrane fluidity for intracellular and intercellular retinol transport | MEDAL |
neuronal rhythmic MICs within TC circuits range from partially synchronous oscillations during normal sleep to hypersynchrony associated with absence epilepsy it has been proposed that recurrent inhibition within the thalamic reticular nucleus serves to reduce synchrony and thus prevents seizures inhibition and synchrony in slices from mice devoid of the gammaaminobutyric acid typea gabaa receptor beta subunit were examined because in rodent thalamus beta is largely restricted to RE in beta KO gabaamediated inhibition was nearly abolished in RE but was unaffected in relay cells in addition oscillatory synchrony was dramatically intensified thus recurrent GABA connections within RE act as desynchronizers | MEDAL |
in this work the in vitro antileishmania activity of photodynamic liposomes made of soybean phosphatidylcholine sodium CA total polar archaeolipids tpas extracted from the hyperhalophile archaea halorubrum tebenquichense and the photosensitizer zinc phthalocyanine znpcal was compared to that of ultradeformable photodynamic liposomes lacking tpas znpcudls we found that while znpcudls and znpcals nm mean diameter and mv zeta potential were innocuous against promastigotes a low concentration μm znpc and μm phospholipids of znpcals irradiated at a very lowenergy density jcm eliminated l braziliensis amastigotes from j macrophages without reducing the viability of the host cells in such conditions znpcals were harmless for j macrophages hacat KCs and bone marrowderived dendritic cells therefore topical photodynamic treatment would not likely affect skinassociated LT znpcals were extensively captured by macrophages but znpcudls were not leading to fold increased intracellular delivery of znpc than with znpcudls despite mediating low C2 of ROS species the higher delivery of znpc and the multiple caveolin and clathrindependent plus phagocytic intracellular pathway followed by znpc would have been the reason for the higher antiamastigote activity of znpcals the leishmanicidal activity of photodynamic liposomal znpc was improved by tpacontaining liposomes | MEDAL |
epidermal melanocytes execute specific physiological programs in response to uv radiation uvr at the cutaneous interface many melanocytic responses including increased dendrite formation enhanced melanogenesismelanization and Tc arrest impact the ability of MC to survive and to attenuate the uvr insult although some of the molecules that underlie these uvr programs are known a coherent view of uvrinduced transcriptional changes is lacking using primary melanocyte cultures we assessed for uvrmediated alterations in over transcripts using affymetrix human genome u plus microarrays from the most statistically robust changes in transcript level there were genes that were suppressed fold by uvr among these transcripts the identities of of these genes were known similarly there were genes that were induced fold by uvr the identity of of these genes were known we then subjected these top changes to the ingenuity pathway analysis program and identified a group of p targets including the cell cycle regulator cdkna pcip the wnt pathway regulator dkk dickkopf homolog the RET epha growth factor gdf ferrodoxin reductase fdxr pinducible protein tpi transcription factor atf dna repair enzyme ddb and the betaadrenergic receptor adbr these genes were also found to be consistently elevated by uvr in six independent melanocyte lines although there were interindividual variations in magnitude wwox whose protein product interacts and regulates p and p was found to be consistently suppressed by uvr there was also a subgroup of neuriteaxonal developmental genes that were altered in response to uvr suggesting that melanocytic and neuronal arborization may share similar mechanisms when compared to melanomas the basal C2 of many of these presponsive genes were greatly dysregulated three genescdkna ddb and adrbexhibited a trend towards loss of expression in melanomas thereby raising the possibility of a linked role in tumorigenesis these expression data provide a global view of uvrinduced changes in MC and more importantly generate novel hypotheses regarding melanocyte physiology | MEDAL |
postexcitatory depression ped and adaptation were examined in slowly adapting aortic baroreceptors of NR ntr and spontaneously hypertensive rats shr an aortic archaortic nerve preparation in vitro was used ped was elicited either mechanically by employing single or double pressure steps or electrically by antidromic AN during ped the axon of the receptor was capable of conducting action potentials and the receptor itself could respond to increased pressures the relationship between duration of ped and number of impulses preceding it was hyperbolic in ntrs and shrs ped was abolished by ouabain or solutions containing no potassium neither of which affected the Css pressurevolume relationship of the aorta these interventions which are known to block electrogenic pumps also lowered the Pth and increased the curvature of the steady state pressurefrequency curve furthermore lithium another agent that blocks electrogenic pumps also abolished ped thus ped is attributed mainly to an electrogenic sodium pump which operates normally in baroreceptors we found that adaptation from peak transient to Css frequency did not appear to be altered significantly when the pump was blocked blockage of the pump by ouabain is responsible for the baroreceptor reflex effects elicited by this drug we conclude that resetting and reduced sensitivity in shr baroreceptors are not attributed to significant differences in electrogenic pump activity | MEDAL |
ten to eleven years after the september terrorist attacks probable PTS disorder ptsd was evaluated in world trade center wtc evacuees based on data from the wtc health registry characteristics of men and women were compared and factors associated with ptsd symptom severity were examined using the ptsd checklist pcl compared with men n women n were younger and of lower SES ten to eleven years T3 september of men and of women met criteria for ptsd results indicated that when considered with all other variables ie demographic SES and social resources SE to the attacks life events gender was not a significant predictor of ptsd symptom severity being younger on september unemployed less educated andor having higher SE to the attacks unmet mental health care needs and less social support predicted higher pcl scores for both genders βs to demographic characteristics and socioeconomic resources δr | MEDAL |
ulcerative colitis is a lifelong disease causing inflammation and ulceration of the colon PS of ulcerative colitis include ABD pain bloody diarrhea bloating and fecal urgency the current standard therapy for mild to moderate ulcerative colitis is the use of aminosalicylates with patients requiring continuous treatment to maintain remission a substantial proportion of patients however are nonadherent to prescribed aminosalicylate treatment regimens resulting in a greater chance of disease relapse with severe associated PS there are many reasons why a patient with ulcerative colitis may be nonadherent including the patients perception of the condition or a lack of understanding about the disease or treatment multiple daily dosing or rectal administration of 5-ASA medications alsrate environmental and structural AF for different groups of fsws | MEDAL |
the recent increase of ultraviolet uv rays on earth due to the increasing size of the ozone hole is suggested to be harmful to life and to accelerate premature photoaging of the skin the detrimental effects of uv radiation on the skin are associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species ros such as superoxide anion radical o hydrogen peroxide ho hydroxyl radical oh and singlet oxygen o however direct proof of such ros produced in the skin under uv irradiation has been elusive in this study we report first in vivo PCD and imaging of the generated ros in the skin of live mice following uva irradiation in which both a sensitive and TPS chemiluminescence probe cla and an ultralowlightimaging apparatus with a ccd camera were used in addition we found that o is formed spontaneously and o is generated in the uvairradiated skin this method should be useful not only for noninvasive investigation of the spatial distribution and quantitative determination of ros in the skin of live animals but also for in vivo evaluation of the protective ability of free radical scavengers and antioxidants | MEDAL |
we report an unusual case of duodenal diaphragm dd with windsock anomaly in a yearold male the child presented with an acute duodenal obstruction precipitated by multiple pigmented stones CR blocking the duodenum | MEDAL |
this T0 determined the CSD pattern of TAMs tam in murine and human neoplasms growing subcutaneously in nude mice seven different human neoplasms cancers of the breast kidney colon prostate lung and skin and a melanoma and five different mu neoplasms carcinomas of the lung colon and kidney melanoma and fibrosarcoma were injected into nude mice the mu PT also were injected into syngeneic mice tumorassociated macrophages in small and C1 tumors were studied IHC by the use of several antibodies including the macrophagespecific f the pattern of tam distribution differed between mouse and human PT regardless of histologic classification tam were uniformly distributed throughout all the murine neoplasms growing in syngeneic or nude mice in the human neoplasms tam were found on the periphery of the lesions and in association with fibrous septae the distribution of tam in murine and human PT was associated with a pattern of vascularization as determined by antibodies to basement membrane collagen type iv because the pattern of tam distribution in neoplasms influences their antitumor activity the data question the validity of the nude mouse model for the study of macrophage infiltration into human neoplasms | MEDAL |
to compare the peritoneal clearances of urea and creatinine in continuous ambulatory PD capd with three types of automated peritoneal dialysis apd continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis ccpd TPD tpd and tpd and to assess the usefulness of the peritoneal equilibration test pet in predicting peritoneal Cl in overnight apd | MEDAL |
should we be concerned about the amount of undergraduate and postgraduate theory and practice hours nurses undertake caring for people with mental illness information on MH curricula was sought from all university schools of nursing in australia there was an response rate for undergraduate courses the findings indicated great variability among schools in one school students had hours theory and no practice hours compared with another schools hours of theory and practice hours few courses were available at the postgraduate level andpression using attpl a clone of the att mouse corticotroph tumor cells stably transfected with kb of the rat pomc promoterluciferase fusion gene the effects of both MMP on the pomc promoter activity were estimated by a luciferase assay pacap stimulated pomc promoter activity as well as camp generation and acth secretion in a dose and timedependent manner with the maximal effect being observed h T3 the start of incubation a similar effect was observed with vip although the combined effects of pacapcrh or vipcrh were greater than that of either hormone alone no such effect was observed between pacap and vip furthermore rtpcr analysis showed the presence of only the pvr receptor subtype in this cell L1 which is known to have a similar affinity to pacap and vip indicating that both MMP exert their effects through the same receptor in contrast to the effect of crh which was CR abolished by a protein kinase a inhibitor h the effects of pacapvip on pomc expression persisted during h treatment suggesting the involvement of alternative intracellular signaling pathways distinct from the protein kinase a system our results suggest that pacap and vip have positive effects on pomc gene expression and that multiple signaling pathways are involved in the transcriptional event | MEDAL |
the administration of EPI and intrathecal opioids for the management of postoperative pain is well established fentanyl because of its greater lipophilicity offers a number of advantages over morphine for epidural analgesia including a lower incidence of side effects and reduced risk of delayedonset respiratory depression the relatively short duration of action of EPI FE makes this agent more ideally suited for continuous infusion or patientcontrolled epidural analgesia pcea the ERP doses and adverse effects profile of epidural FE are reasonably well understood because of the lack of spread through the CSF fluid csf and hence the segmental nature of the analgesia achieved location of epidural catheter placement is of paramount importance when this agent is used prolonged EPI infusion of fentanyl may result in high SVR concentrations not dissimilar to iv infusion and therefore the greatest tau of epidural FE administration may be in combination with low concentrations of bupivacaine an RPA that achieves a synergistic effect chloroprocaine has been shown to antagonize EPI fentanyl analgesia intrathecal FE for postoperative analgesia is limited by its short duration of action with singlebolus administration the widespread international increase in the use of epidural FE for postoperative analgesia promises further improvements and refinement in techniques | MEDAL |
during muscle development the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum srer undergoes remodeling to establish a specialized internal ca store for muscle contraction we hypothesized that store operated ca entry soce is required to fill ca stores and is therefore critical to creating a mature srer stromal interaction molecule stim functions as a sensor of internal ca store content and an activator of soce channels myocytes lacking stim display reduced sr ca content and altered expression of key sr proteins sarcolipin sln an inhibitor of the sr calcium pump was markedly increased in the muscle of mutant stim mice sln opposes the actions of stim by limiting soce reducing sr ca content and delaying muscle differentiation during mouse muscle development sln is highly expressed in embryonic muscle while the expression of stim is upregulated postnatally these results suggest that soce regulates srer specialization and that sln and stim act in opposing fashions to govern soce during myogenesis | MEDAL |
several drugdrug interaction ddi prediction models were evaluated for their ability to identify drugs with cytochrome p cypa induction liability based on in vitro mrna data the drug interaction magnitudes of cypa substrates from PCTs were predicted using i rho approaches ratio of the in vivo peak plasma concentration cmax to in vitro halfmaximal effective concentration ec and relative induction score ii a basic static model calculated r value iii a mechanistic static model net effect and iv mechanistic dynamic physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling all models performed with high fidelity and predicted few false negatives or false positives the correlation approaches and basic static MM resulted in no false negatives when total cmax was incorporated these models may be sufficient to conservatively identify clinical cypa induction liability mechanistic models that include cyp inactivation in addition to induction resulted in ddi predictions with less accuracy likely due to an overprediction of the inactivation effect | MEDAL |
two mixedbreed littermate dogs were fed mouse brains containing tissue cysts of the ncbeef isolate of neospora caninum both dogs excreted n caninum oocysts in their feces dog which was given methylprednisolone acetate mpa prior to ingesting tissue cysts excreted oocysts on days to inclusive and on day after ingesting tissue cysts dog had a SS antibody titer of in the indirect fluorescent antibody test ifat days T3 it was fed tissue cysts dog which was not treated with mpa excreted oocysts on day and day T3 ingesting tissue cysts antibodies to n caninum were not found in a dilution of SS on any examination period for dog during the T0 neospora caninum was not found in the tissues of either dog by histological or immunohistochemical means following necropsy days T3 being fed tissue cysts the identity of the oocysts excreted in the feces of the dogs was confirmed by mouse inoculation studies | MEDAL |
p plays a pivotal role in transmitting signals from many forms of genotoxic AS to genes and factors that control the cell cycle and apoptosis we have previously shown that the human tlymphotropic virus type i tax protein can inhibit p function recently we reported that tax inhibits p function in jurkat cells and ME fibroblasts through a mechanism involving the nuclear factor kappa b pathway and correlates with phosphorylation on serines and of p however several groups have also observed a mechanism that correlates with p IB of tax to address this controversy and to determine the mechanism by which tax inhibits p CF we examined the activation functions of tax required for p inhibition in hela and h cells the campresponse elementbinding proteinactivating transcription factor activation CF is essential as demonstrated by the tax mutants m and ka in addition expression of exogenous p in h cells allows full REC of p transactivation in the presence of tax consistent with p being a limiting factor in h saos and hela cells we found that the level of endogenous p is relatively low in these cells compared with jurkat cells or the human tlymphotropic virus type iinfected c and mt cells thus our data suggests that tax utilizes distinct mechanisms to inhibit p CF that are cell typedependent | MEDAL |
SN sln biopsy is used as a staging procedure in EBC however histology based intraoperative assessment of the sln status has a low sensitivity the OS nucleic acid amplification osna method was developed to detect metastases by amplification of cytokeratin ck mrna experience with osna during a french multicentric prospective study as well as intraoperative clinical routine use is reported | MEDAL |
giant cell tumor gct of bone was first described almost years ago but the optimal treatment continues to evolve we present a patient with a pelvic gct who was treated with embolization months of denosumab therapy and resection histologically the RT consisted of degenerated gct bone and fibrous tissue T3 months the patient was found to have osteosarcoma at the site of the initial lesion as well as pulmonary metastases | MEDAL |
a rapid simple and specific method for estimation of anastrazole in human plasma was validated using letrozole as internal standard the analyte and internal standard were extracted from plasma using simple SPE the compound were separated on a reversephase column with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of formic acid in water and acetonitrile vv and detected by MS/MS in positive ion mode the ion EMT recorded in multiple reaction monitoring mode were mz for anastrazole and mz for internal standard linearity in plasma was observed over the concentration range ngml for anastrazole the mean REC for anastrazole was with a lower limit of quantification of ngml the coefficient of R2 of the assay was less than and the accuracy was the validated method was applied to a bioequivalence T0 of mg anastrazole tablet in healthy human volunteers | MEDAL |
haplotype information could lead to more powerful tests of genetic association than singlelocus analyses but it is not easy to estimate haplotype frequencies from genotype data due to phase ambiguity the challenge is compounded when individuals are pooled together to save costs or to increase sample size which is crucial in the study of rare variants existing expectationmaximization type algorithms are slow and cannot cope with large pool size or long haplotypes we show that by collapsing the total S2 frequencies of each pool suitably the maximum likelihood estimates of haplotype frequencies based on the collapsed data can be calculated very quickly regardless of pool size and haplotype length we provide a running time analysis to demonstrate the considerable savings in time that the collapsed data method can bring the method is particularly well suited to estimating certain union probabilities useful in the T0 of rare variants we provide theoretical and empirical evidence to suggest that the proposed estimation method will not suffer much loss in efficiency if the variants are rare we use the method to analyze resequencing data collected from a case control study involving obese persons and controls focusing on a region containing rare variants around the mgll gene our method selects three rare variants as potentially causal this is more parsimonious than the SCV selected by a recently proposed covering method from another set of rare SCV around the faah gene we discover an interesting potential interaction between two of them | MEDAL |
highdose methotrexate is an important element of treatment protocols in childhood ALL one or osteosarcoma a capillary electrophoretic method has been developed to measure peak levels and the metabolite DP in patients with delayed methotrexate elimination it serves to determine plasma C2 of methotrexate leucovorin and their metabolites hydroxymethotrexate diaminon methylpteroic acid and methyltetrahydrofolic acid for the determination of high concentrations microm protein precipitation by acetonitrile will suffice for sample preparation all other samples undergo solidphase SE and upgrading on c columns aminopterin a therapeutic antecedent of methotrexate serves as internal standard detection is done on a uv detector with a nm filter five hundred microl of serum are needed to determine microm of a specified substance microm methylterahydrofolic acid with good precision and accuracy for peak levels microl of capillary SS are sufficient | MEDAL |
the acquisition of new motor skills is essential throughout daily life and involves the processes of learning new motor sequence and encoding elementary aspects of new movement although previous animal studies have suggested a PET importance for striatal dopamine release in the learning of new motor CS its role in encoding elementary aspects of new movement has not yet been investigated to elucidate this we investigated changes in striatal dopamine levels during initial skilltraining day compared with acquired conditions day using craclopride positronemission tomography ten volunteers learned to perform brisk contractions using their nondominant left thumbs with the aid of visual FB on day the mean acceleration of each session was improved through repeated training sessions until performance neared asymptotic C2 while improved motor performance was retained from the beginning on day the craclopride binding potential bp in the RA putamen was reduced during initial skilltraining compared with under acquired conditions moreover voxelwise analysis revealed that craclopride bp was particularly reduced in the right anterodorsal to the lateral part of the putamen based on findings from previous fmri studies that show a gradual shift of activation within the striatum during the initial processing of motor learning striatal dopamine may play a role in the dynamic corticostriatal activation during encoding of new motor memory in skill acquisition | MEDAL |
in the current dti T0 we compared euthymic bipolar i disorder bdi patients and healthy controls hc we subsequently divided the total patient group into lithiumusers and nonlithiumusers and estimated differences across the three CG | MEDAL |
simultaneous echocardiograms phonocardiograms and electrocardiograms were performed on foals at the following times T3 birth mins mins h four seven days and four eight and weeks positive correlations were found between both age and body weight and the following measurements left ventricular enddiastolic dimension right VVI EDV dimension LAD and aortic root dimension posterior left VVI wall thickness and interventricular ST HR rate was negatively correlated with left VVI electromechanical systole ejection time and isovolumic contraction time means and standard deviations are presented for echocardiographic parameters and the results are discussed against the BG of the transitional neonatal circulation | MEDAL |
this T0 aims at gaining further insight into the mode of action of repaglinide in pancreatic islet bcells at a mumoll concentration the meglitinide analog failed to affect the metabolism of exogenous dglucose and that of endogenous nutrients in islets prelabeled with either lucglutamine or ucpalmitate likewise repaglinide mumoll failed to modify significantly the incorporation of lhphenylalanine into tcaprecipitable material in islets exposed to a closetophysiological concentration of dglucose mmoll the threshold concentration for the insulinotropic action of repaglinide was close to mumoll and a maximal response was reached at mumoll in islets incubated in the presence of mmoll dglucose at a higher hexose concentration mmoll however an enhancing action of repaglinide mumoll upon glucosestimulated insulin PR was only observed over min stimulation in perifused islets no significant increase in insulin SO being detected when islets were exposed to repaglinide mumoll to mmoll over min incubation at the high dglucose level the increase in insulin SO evoked by repaglinide in the islets perifused at mmoll dglucose coincided with a modest increase in rb outflow and a marked stimulation of ca efflux from prelabeled islets suggesting stimulation of ca influx into the islet cells and subsequent activation of caresponsive k channels when the administration of repaglinide was halted the reversibility of its cationic and sec effects was more pronounced in islets perifused at a high mmoll rather than a low mmoll dglucose concentration these findings support the view that the primary site of action of repaglinide consists in a remodeling of cationic fluxes and document that this drug displays favorable attributes as an insulinotropic agent for the treatment of noninsulindependent diabetes such as its lack of interference with nutrient metabolism and biosynthetic activity in isolated islets the low threshold concentration for its insulinreleasing action and its capacity to augment at least transiently insulin PR at a high concentration of dglucose | MEDAL |
enterococcus faecium l grown at to degrees c produces enterocin l entl enopausal women yr old of whom used oral estrogen total and regional body composition were determined by dualenergy xray absorptiometry serum concentrations of shbg total t and estradiol e were determined by ria FT was calculated from concentrations of T3 and shbg hormone users had higher serum concentrations of e and shbg vs nmoll mean sd p and lower concentrations of FT vs pmoll mean sd p T3 did not differ total lean mass and leg LM were significantly correlated with free but not T3 r values of p and p for total and leg lean mass respectively vs FT arm LM was not correlated with either measure of t serum e was significantly correlated with shbg r p and free t r p these observations imply that by reducing the concentration of bioavailable t oral estrogen therapy may accelerate or augment lean mass loss among postmenopausal women this conclusion awaits confirmation by longitudinal observation | MEDAL |
we have shown that administration of inorganic potassium phosphates pi to patients with severe diabetic ketoacidosis was able to increase the p the po necessary to achieve a hemoglobin saturation of by a non diphosphoglycerate dpg mediated effect this suggests that the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve odc may be determined not only by ph temperature co content and dpg but also by plasmatic ions in order to test this hypothesis we have determined the odc on whole blood in two CG of subjects control subjects with matching age and sex and patients suffering from liver cirrhosis acute one septic shock and acute RDS the patients had many ionic disorders induced either by their diseases or by the applied treatment the mean odc of the patients did not differ from the normal values in contrast the dispersion of po around the saturations values was increased from to saturation a forward SRA showed that the dpg level and the C2 of inorganic phosphates and natrium na played a significant role in determining the position of the odc according to the following equation p mmhg dpg pi na where dpg is in micromolghb and pi and na in meql in separate experiments we showed that the bohr effect as expressed in d log podph amounted to and for so equal to and respectively the corresponding values for the temperature effect was expressed in d log podt amounted to and respectively the fact that ions play an role in regulating the position of the odc of patients with ionic disorders may have therapeutical implications preventive or curative | MEDAL |
several largescale studies have recently drawn attention to the fact that arterial hypertension frequently is inadequately controlled and that therapeutic alternatives other than the commonly employed steppedcare treatment may be needed in order to obtain normotension for this reason pn a new dihydropyridine calcium antagonistat two different dose levels average mg bid or mg bidor PL was added in a doubleblind crossover trial to pindolol mg per day in HT after an initial week PL period ionized calcium in serum was determined repeatedly during the study from an initial level of mm hg pn at the first dose level reduced blood pressure by mm hg p less than and at the second dose level reduced blood pressure by mm hg p less than the reduction in mean arterial pressure was significantly correlated to age p less than there was no significant increase in HR rate nor were there any significant correlations between ionized calcium and the effect of pn nor between the changes in ionized calcium and the changes in blood pressure adverse effects were few and mild one patient had to be withdrawn because of SE probably not related to the investigated drugs thus addition of pn to HT treated with pindolol caused highly significant and clinically relevant further reductions in arterial pressure the results show that a combination of this kind offers the possibility of good blood pressure control | MEDAL |
in an DUE of techniques for dispensing tcmtetrofosmin i.v. variability in RCP measured by the recommended cutandcount TLC chromatographic tlc analytical technique was observed this was due to inconsistency in the position of the tcmtetrofosmin on the chromatography SP an investigation was therefore undertaken to identify the factors which influence the rf value of tcmtetrofosmin and the subsequent effect on the values obtained in the measurement of RCP tlc was performed on an itlcsg stationary phase with a mobile phase of dichloromethaneacetone on a satisfactory chromatogram the main peak had an rf of approximately and the RCP was measured at the rf of the main peak and the measured RCP were found to increase as the size of the sample applied to the plate was increased forcedrying the sample spot T3 application to the tlc plate gave a single peak with an rf of the dimensions of the tank and the time allowed for mobile phase saturation did not affect the outcome of the analysis small variations in the composition of the mobile phase affected the rf of the main peak but not the measured radiochemical purity tlc plates that were dried at degrees c before use were found to give distorted chromatograms and unreliable measurements of radiochemical purity in conclusion when using tlc to measure the RCP of tcmtetrofosmin the following precautions should be observed the sample spot applied to the tlc plate should be in the range microliters the spot should not be forcedried with air and itlcsg plates should not be dried before use | MEDAL |
isolation of photosystemii reaction centres from pea leaves T3 photoinhibitory treatment at low temperature degrees c has provided evidence for the mechanism of Kd of the d protein in vivo these isolated reaction centres did not appear to be spectrally distinct from S9 obtained from control leaves that had not been photoinhibited breakdown fragments of both the d and d proteins were however found in S9 isolated from photoinhibited leaves and showed similarities with those detected when isolated RCs were exposed to acceptorside photoinhibition analyses of the origin of d fragments indicated that the primary cleavage site of this protein was between TM helices iv and v indicative of the acceptorside mechanism for photoinhibition the origins of other d protein fragments indicate that some donorside photoinhibition may also have occurred in vivo under the conditions employed we have shown that the spectral and functional integrating of the isolated PS ii RC complex is resistant to proteolytic cleavage by trypsin use of a more nonspecific protease subtilisin however caused significant destabilisation of the special pair of chlorophylls constituting the primary electron donor p with a consequential loss of functional activity thus it is possible that specific cleavage of photosystemii reactioncentre proteins may occur in vivo following photoinhibitory damage without a significant NC in structural integrity a conclusion supported by the finding that photodamaged and normal reaction centres were isolated together | MEDAL |
schwann cells derived from human sural nerve may provide a valuable source of tissue for a cellbased therapy in multiple sclerosis however it is essential to show that transplanted human schwann cells can remyelinate axons in adult cns and improve axonal conduction sections of SN were removed from amputated legs of patients with AVD or diabetes and schwann cells were isolated and cryopreserved suspensions of reconstituted cells were transplanted into the xirradiationethidium bromide lesioned dorsal columns of IS wistar rat after weeks of extensive remyelination a typical schwann cell DP was observed in the lesion zone many cells in the lesion were immunopositive for an antihuman nuclei monoclonal antibody the dorsal columns were removed and maintained in an in vitro recording chamber the conduction properties were studied using field potential and intraaxonal recording techniques the Tx dorsal columns displayed improved conduction velocity and frequencyresponse properties and action potentials conducted over a greater distance into the lesion suggesting that conduction block was overcome these data support the conclusion that transplantation of human SCs results in PET remyelination of a dorsal column lesion | MEDAL |
four plating media hektoen enteric he xyloselysine deoxycholate xld tryptic soyxyloselysine tsxl and tryptic soybrillant green tsbg agars with and without mg of added NB per ml were evaluated for REC of salmonella from roast beef and deboned turkey colonies producing a reaction typical of hspositive salmonellae ALP with black centers were picked on the media without novobiocin from determinations on samples number of salmonellae found and falsepositives were respectively he xld tsxl tsbg when novobiocin was present the corresponding results were he xld tsxl tsbg a total of determinations were positive on one or more agars falsepositives on he and xld without NB were predominantly proteus which were almost totally eliminated by addition of mg of novobiocin per liter if alkaline hsnegative colonies had been considered many more falsepositives would have been found on he and xld but not on tsbg or tsxl addition of NB markedly improved isolations of salmonellae from xld and he and reduced the number of falsepositives addition of NB did not improve performance of tsxl and slightly impaired differentiation of salmonellae from citrobacter on tsbg xld with NB and tsxl are highly specific for hspositive salmonellae and the appearance of salmonellalike colonies on these media can be considered a presumptive test for hspositive salmonellae | MEDAL |
chancroid is the most prevalent form of genital ulcer disease in developing countries and is undergoing a resurgence in industrialized countries as a result of a nonspecificity of the clinical findings the etiologic diagnosis of genital UD requires laboratory support genital ulcer disease is a risk factor for the transmission of human retroviral infections an understanding of this interaction is emerging and will impact on the treatment and control programs for the agents causing genital UD | MEDAL |
color doppler flow imaging cdfi is an evolutionary technical OD that has considerably improved the diagnostic tau and clinical role of vascular ultrasound the AGA use of cdfi rests on an understanding of the instrumentation AF affecting image SQ and artifact as well as the pathophysiology of the CE and peripheral circulation the modality has reached a relative plateau of performance in this review applications of cdfi for studies of the neck abdomen and extremities are evaluated | MEDAL |
groups of Pr rats were injected with two successive daily doses of hthymidine from gestational days and e until the day before birth e internuclear and intranuclear cytogenetic gradients were examined in radiograms of the TH sectioned in the coronal sagittal and horizontal planes there was a precise and segregated lateraltomedial gradient between and within the habenular nuclei in the ventral TH the Rt nucleus had a lateraltomedial gradient the subthalamic nucleus a laterodorsaltomedioventral gradient there was a caudaltorostral gradient between the medial geniculate and dorsal lateral geniculate nuclei and between the pars posterior and pars anterior of the lateral nucleus a clear intranuclear gradient could not be detected in the sensory relay nuclei with the exception of the MG nucleus a lateraltomedial internuclear gradient was seen between the relay nuclei and the ILN and between the latter and some of the midline nuclei on the basis of a consideration of the time of origin and time span of production of SN of various thalamic nuclei and taking into account some of the recognizable internuclear and intranuclear gradients the thalamus was divided into five principal cytogenetic components the epithelamus the VP thalamus the dorsal TH the medial thalamus and the posterior thalamus the epithalamic nuclei form over a protracted period resembling the nuclei of the hypothalamus the nuclei of the VP thalamus are generated early and over a relatively long period the dorsal thalamus consists of the relay nuclei and the intralaminar nuclei they form rapidly and ahead of the medial thalamus the medial TH was subdivided into the earlierforming anteromedial nuclei and the latestforming midline nuclei the posterior TH was not examined in detail | MEDAL |
twentyfour female undergraduates high on AS and low on AS were subjected to a HV challenge task physiologic and subjective measures of arousal and distress were obtained before during and after the hyperventilation challenge alternating between the eight second intervals of hyperventilation participants engaged in a heartbeattracking task for eight second intervals to assess interoceptive acuity although the hyperventilation challenge produced phase main effects for physiologic arousal and group and time main effects for subjective distress there were no significant interaction effects results revealed no significant interoceptive acuity differences across the low and high AS groups however subjective ratings of physiological sensations during hyperventilation were significantly greater for the high anxiety sensitivity group hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that anxiety sensitivity accounted for additional variance beyond trait anxiety in explaining subjective ratings of arousal and distress in this nonclinical sample in response to a HV challenge | MEDAL |
the in vitro pyrimethamine sensitivity of plasmodium falciparum isolates from papua new guinea children was determined the children were treated with sulphadoxinepyrimethamine and six were found to have clinically resistant malaria the p falciparum isolated from these subjects were more resistant to pyrimethamine in vitro than of the isolates from sensitive cases these results suggest that pyrimethamine sensitivity alone may be a good indicator of in vitro response to SP | MEDAL |
the primary tool used currently for preventing pesticide drift from entering streams is a nospray buffer zone riparian hedgerows may provide an additional option however quantitative information on their effectiveness is limited to quantify the potential benefit of riparian hedgerows for drift reduction aerial malathion diethyl dimethoxyphosphorothioylsulfanylbutanedioate applications on blueberry l farms with fields adjacent to streams or ditches were monitored drift from fields with extensive dense woody riparian vegetation was compared with drift from fields with no dense woody riparian vegetation overall totalegy to grow highly fluorescing nearinfraredemitting nanoclusters ncs made of bimetallic auag cores surface capped with a mixture of triphenylphosphine and various monothiol ligands the ligands include short chain aliphatic monothiols which yields hydrophobic ncs and polyethylene glycol or zwitterionappended monothiols which yield ncs that are readily dispersible in buffer media the reaction uses welldefined triphenylphosphineprotected au | MEDAL |
the origins of the international federation of gynecology and obstetrics figo initiative for the prevention of unsafe abortion and its consequences began in when a young british medical student encountered a young woman in canada with complications of unsafe abortion through evolving understanding of the context of womens lives including the role of FP and access to safe abortion globally in preventing the deaths and imprisonment of women i was able to contribute to figos advocacy through a collaborative initiative with countryled action plans based on a situational analysis fortysix member associations rapidly agreed to participate with results of situational analysesan unprecedented result in figos PH professor anibal faúndes role has been pivotal to the success of this initiative including the establishment of a working group of regional coordinators and collaborating agencies to oversee the implementation of action plans involving incountry partners and the MOH deaths from unsafe abortion and its complications are preventable | MEDAL |
we report on a case of a yearold man who developed reversible myocardial depression and pericarditis related to severe sepsis AA to rectosigmoid colonic perforation the management of this patient was aided by the use of a continuous thermodilution cardiac output catheter and monitor recently introduced in clinical practice | MEDAL |
insomnia is a common symptom in family practice and hypnotics are frequently prescribed for its treatment a survey was performed in an urban clinic serving persons in order to detect the prevalence of this disorder and to reassess the need for hypnotics sixtyone patients were identified who were taking prescribed hypnotic drugs mainly benzodiazepines all were over the age of and they comprised of this age group fortyfive were chronic users taking hypnotics for more than months during a month study period eightynine percent of these chronic users were above years of age seventyseven percent had DIS and had problems maintaining sleep information was given to these patients on the side effects and possible addictive nature of chronic hypnotic use different kinds of psychological support were offered as alternatives to drug treatment but these were refused by al have used isoluminol steroid hormone conjugates in competitive heterogeneous chemiluminescence immunoassays cia for estradiol progesterone and estriol in body fluids the assays did not require prior SE of the steroid hormone with an organic solvent polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies covalently coupled to polyacrylamide microspheres or adsorbed onto the plastic surface of microtritation plates via an intermediate second antibody were used as solidphase the latter solidphase system allows rapid processing of incubation mixtures sensitive and reliable direct cias for estradiol in serum progesterone in serum and in saliva and for estriol in saliva have been developed and their clinical utility has been assessed sensitivities ranged from to nmoll and precision cv ranged from to | MEDAL |
the adenosine triphosphate atp content and intracellular ph phi of isolated rat liver before during and after cold preservation in either university of wisconsin lactobionate solution uw n or eurocollins solution ec n were monitored with phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance the p nuclear magnetic resonance spectra were obtained on a t system operating at mhz fructose metabolism liver enzyme release oxygen consumption and rat survival after liver transplantation were also evaluated during simple cold storage scs the atp level declined to undetectable C2 with both preservation solutions whereas the phi declined to approximately in contrast during continuous hypothermic perfusion chp hepatic atp C2 remained measurable during the hour ec preservation and actually increased significantly p during uw preservation T3 reperfusion at degrees c with krebs lactate the livers in scs treated with ec differed significantly from the uwtreated livers in terms of their atp level and phi and their response to a fructose challenge in contrast livers undergoing chp demonstrated similar behaviors with both solutions these results demonstrate an increase in the hepatic atp content during chp which occurs with uw but is not seen with ec on the other hand only livers that were simply stored with uw achieved significant survival T3 transplantation whereas chp livers were affected by V1 damage as demonstrated by fatal thrombosis after transplantation these data suggest that atp content is not the only determinant of good CL function a system of hypothermic perfusion might further improve liver preservation efficacy should injury to the vascular EC be avoided | MEDAL |
using magnetic source imaging agerelated changes in spatiotemporal BB activation profiles associated with printed word recognition and phonological decoding pseudoword reading were examined in adults and children without reading problems adults showed a distinct spatiotemporal profile during reading of both types of print consisting of BL activation of occipital cortices followed by strongly leftpredominant activation of basal temporal regions and finally left hemisphere temporoparietal including the angular gyrus and VPI frontal activation children lacked the clear temporal distinction in the engagement of basal and temporoparietal areas and displayed significantly weaker activation of the left inferior FC gyrus in addition the consistent hemispheric asymmetries in the degree of activation of basal temporal regions that were present in the adult readers were not apparent in the children in contrast the strong left hemisphere preponderance in the degree of activation of temporoparietal Az was present in children as well as adults regardless of the type of print they were asked to read the data suggest that the degree of specialization of cortical regions for reading as well as the pattern of regional interactions that supports this specialization may change with age | MEDAL |
actual therapeutic assays in spinocerebellar ataxias ie in friedreichs ataxia fa and olivopontocerebellar atrophy opca are discussed in relation to i the serotoninergic theory ii the excitotoxic action of glu and iii CSF fluid thiamine deficiency in ataxic patients data from the literature show that neurochemical deficiencies arising from cerebellar damage in both fa and opca patients are multiple assays of replacement and neuroprotective therapeutics with a single drug have produced controversial data or mildly effective results consequently it is hypothesized that a drug cocktail ie lhydroxytryptophan thiamine and AMA hydrochloride would be more beneficial this cocktail proved to be useful in open studies improving respiratory disorders in fa patients more powerful inhibitors of nmethyld AST receptor channels should be tried initially in animal experiments | MEDAL |
bosentan endothelin etaetb antagonist pinacidil BK opener and nitroprusside nitric oxide donor were examined on isolated ring S9 of human intralobar pulmonary artery rdth generation internal radius or mm rat main pulmonary artery st generation ri or mm and rat intralobar pulmonary i.a. rd generation internal radius mm the potency of endothelin was the same in all three i.a. types in human intralobar artery and rat MPA bosentan and microm shifted the endothelin concentration response curve to a higher concentration range endothelin concentration ratios in human intralobar and rat main pulmonary artery respectively microm bosentan and microm bosentan and but caused no significant block of endothelin in rat intralobar artery the latter finding may be due to the reported presence of etb receptors in rat intralobar arteries and the higher potency of bosentan on eta than on etb receptors in contrast the potencies of nitroprusside and pinacidil relaxation of submaximal contractions to the thromboxanemimetic u agreed on human and rat intralobar arteries but were to fold lower than on rat MPA we conclude that data obtained on pulmonary arteries from rats can be useful in predicting the effects of vasoactive drugs in human pulmonary arteries but selection of the most AGA rat i.a. for T0 will depend on the drug group under investigation for BK openers and nitric oxide donors good PA between human and rat data will be found when using pulmonary arteries from the same anatomical location even though they differ markedly in size in contrast for endothelin antagonists PA is more likely to be found in arteries of comparable size despite their different anatomical locations | MEDAL |
the hox paralogous genes play critical roles in kidney OD they are expressed in the early metanephric mesenchyme and are required for the induction of ureteric bud formation and its subsequent branching morphogenesis they are also required for the normal nephrogenesis response of the MM to inductive signals from the UB in this report we use microarrays to perform a comprehensive gene expression analysis of the hoxahoxd mutant kidney phenotype we examined e e e and e developmental time points a novel high throughput strategy for validation of microarray data is described using additional biological replicates and an independent microarray platform the results identified genes with greater than fold change in expression in early mutant kidneys including hoxas gata tgfbeta chemokine ligand angiotensin receptor like cytochrome p cadherin and lymphocyte antigen complex iroquois est acrik meox prkcn and slca of interest many of these genes and others showing lower fold expression changes have been connected to processes that mtack in light of these cases we review the literature for the etiology clinical and laboratory findings and pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease | MEDAL |
neuroimaging studies have shown that motor structures are activated not only during overt motor behavior but also during tasks that require no overt motor behavior such as MI and MR we tested the hypothesis that activation of the primary motor SC is needed for MR by using single pulse transcranial MS tms singlepulse tms was delivered to the representation of the hand in left primary motor SC while participants performed MR of pictures of hands and feet relative to a IP MS control condition RT rts were slower when tms was delivered at ms but not at ms T3 stimulus ON the magnetic stimulation effect at ms was larger for hands than for feet these findings demonstrate that i activation of the left primary motor cortex has a causal role in the mental rotation of pictures of hands ii this role is stimulusspecific because disruption of neural activity in the hand area slowed rts for pictures of hands more than feet and iii left primary motor cortex is involved relatively late in the MR process | MEDAL |
the ca kbp region UP of the ddc gene encoding ldiaminobutyrate decarboxylase in acinetobacter baumannii was sequenced and found to contain another open reading frame of nucleotides encoding a protein with a deduced molecular mass of da analysis of the homologies observed from the deduced amino acid CS indicated that the gene product is an enzyme belonging to subgroup ii of the aminotransferases this was first verified when examination of the crude extracts from escherichia coli transformants led to detection of a novel aminotransferase activity catalyzing the following reversible reactions ldiaminobutyric acid ketoglutaric acidlglutamic acid laspartic betasemialdehyde further confirmation was obtained when the gene was overexpressed in e coli and the corresponding protein was purified to homogeneity it catalyzed the same reactions and its NT CAA sequence was consistent with that deduced from the nucleotide sequence therefore the gene and its product were named dat and ldiaminobutyrateketoglutarate aminotransferase daba at respectively feeding experiments of a baumannii with lucaspartic acid resulted in the incorporation of the label into diaminopropane apparent homologs of dat and daba at were detected in other acinetobacter species by pcr amplification and western blotting these results indicate that the dat gene as well as the ddc gene participates in the synthesis of DAP the only diamine found in this genus however the biological role if one exists of DAP synthesis is unknown | MEDAL |
strains of the chestnut blight fungus cryphonectria parasitica that contain viral doublestranded rnas often exhibit reduced virulence such hypovirulent strains act as biocontrol agents by virtue of their ability to convert virulent strains to hypovirulence T3 anastomosis transformation of virulent c parasitica strains with a fulllength complementary dna copy of a hypovirulenceassociated viral rna conferred the complete hypovirulence phenotype cytoplasmic doublestranded rna was resurrected from the chromosomally integrated complementary dna copy and was able to convert compatible virulent strains to hypovirulence these results establish viral dsDNA rna as the casual agent of hypovirulence and demonstrate the feasibility of engineering hypovirulent fungal strains | MEDAL |
platelets play a CE role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease MPV mpv is an indicator of platelet activation and has been demonstrated to be correlated with platelet reactivity the aim of the current study was to investigate whether mean platelet volume is associated with the extent of coronary artery disease | MEDAL |
birth trauma is a rare primary cause of perinatal death occurring at most only once in every births as a cause of BB damage and later handicap it is often difficult to dissociate injury at birth from the concomitant effects of asphyxia growth retardation or PT delivery a continuum of reproductive casualty has been postulated but for trauma is not proven among children with CP and severe mental retardation trauma may be implicated in a few cases possibly of deliveries vaginal breech delivery has been related to a higher incidence of minimal BB damage syndromes and some of this damage probably has its origin in perinatal trauma the pregnancies where there is particular risk of birth trauma include those where the infant is large for gestational age has intrauterine growth retardation is delivered PT is vaginally delivered in breech presentation or is from multiple gestation particular care must be given to diagnosis and preventive measures in these cases and competent handling is required if the disaster of brain damage caused by traumatic birth is to be minimized | MEDAL |
codeine and its main metabolites appear to have advantages for assessing drug metabolic phenotypes the authors have further developed a highperformance liquid chromatography hplc method for the quantification of codeine and six of its metabolites in urine quantification was performed by EC detection for morphine normorphine morphineglucuronide and the internal standard omethyldopamine and by ultraviolet detection for codeine norcodeine and morphineglucuronide the method had a detection limit of nmoll for morphine and normorphine nmoll for morphineglucuronide nmoll for the internal standard nmoll for morphineglucuronide and nmoll for codeine and norcodeine the coefficients of variations were for intraday and for interday analyses the REC of codeine and its metabolites ranged from for morphineglucuronide to for codeine norcodeine morphine and morphineglucuronide eleven healthy volunteers were phenotyped for cypd using codeine as well as DBQ and dextromethorphan ten subjects were extensive metabolizers em and one a poor metabolizer pm of codeine DBQ and dextromethorphan significant correlations between the MRs mrs of the different probe drugs were obtained r p this hplc method is simple CS accurate and reproducible for assessing the cypd phenotype | MEDAL |
characterizing the nonlinear response of microbubble contrast agents is important for their efficacious use in imaging and therapy in this article we report that the subharmonic and ultraharmonic response of lipidshelled microbubble contrast agents exhibits a strong temporal dependence we characterized nonlinear emissions from targestarp microbubbles targeson inc san diego ca usa periodically for min at mhz excitation frequency the results revealed a considerable increase in the subharmonic and ultraharmonic response nearly and db after min of agent preparation however the fundamental and the harmonic response remained almost unchanged in this period during the next min the subharmonic fundamental ultraharmonic and harmonic responses decreased steadily by db the temporal changes in the nonlinear SMB of the agent appeared to be primarily mediated by gasexchange through the microbubble shell temperature and prior acoustic excitation based mechanisms were ruled out further there was no measurable NC in the agent size distribution by static diffusion we envisage that these findings will help obtain reproducible measurements from agent characterization nonlinear imaging and fluidpressure sensing these findings also suggest the possibility for improving nonlinear imaging by careful design of ultrasound contrast agents | MEDAL |
this randomized double blind placebocontrolled study compared the usefulness of danazol mg vaginally versus mg orally in women as a preoperative preparation for hysteroscopic surgery ninetyone fertile women were randomly allocated to group a patients received mg of danazol placed into the posterior vaginal fornix and three oral tablets of commercially available folic acid as a placebo and group b women treated with mg of danazol orally mg three times daily and two vaginal tablets of lactobacillus rhamnosus as a PL the patients underwent an operative hysteroscopy transvaginal sonography blood tests and a histological CA a visual analog scale vas score to compute the degree of the surgeons satisfaction was used the outcome measures were as follows an evaluation of the changes in the endometrial thickness the prevalence of endometrial atrophy changes in the blood tests any collateral effects the degree of difficulty and view the duration of the surgical procedure any complications during the operative hysteroscopy and associated side effects and the surgeons satisfaction with the endometrial preparation the vaginal administration route was associated with a more pronounced effect on the ET significantly more patients receiving vaginal danazol had a hypotrophic endometrium than those receiving oral danazol p in addition the patients receiving danazol vaginally had a shorter operating time lower infusion volume fewer SE and a higher surgeon satisfaction vaginal danazol adequately prepares the endometrium for an operative hysteroscopy by thinning the endometrium effectively with few side effects and little impact on the metabolic parameters | MEDAL |
a cdna clone containing the CR coding sequence of the rinderpest FP f gene was inserted into the thymidine kinase gene of vaccinia virus wr CS under the control of the k earlylate vaccinia virus promoter all forms of the f protein ie the glycosylated f precursor the unglycosylated f protein and the glycosylated f protein were detected in cells INF with the recombinant virus vaccination of rabbits with the recombinant virus induced antibodies which reacted in an elisa system specific for RP the rb sera contained NT antibodies against rinderpest virus and precipitated the f protein from lysates of rinderpest infected cells rabbits vaccinated with the recombinant RP f gene vaccinia virus were protected from a lethal challenge with the lapinized nakamura strain of RPV variations in the severity of clinical symptoms correlated with the level of antif protein antibodies produced | MEDAL |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.