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Gauss Algorithmic 10

[ "James O'Keefe", "ACORN videos (2009)", "What are the ACORN videos?", "Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN)," ]

[ "Message design logic is a communication theory that makes the claim that individuals possess implicit theories of communication within themselves, called message design logics. Referred to as a “theory of theories,” Message Design Logic offers three different fundamental premises in reasoning about communication. As author Barbara O’Keefe describes, Message Design Logic is “the kind of communication-constituting belief system the message producer relies on in reasoning from the goals sought to the message design used.” These three premises — Expressive Logic, Conventional Logic, and Rhetorical Logic — are belief systems that communicators might utilize when designing messages. The message design logics, therefore, represent “internally consistent and developmentally ordered stages in the acquisition of working knowledge about the systematic properties of verbal messages.” As O’Keefe describes further, each premise is “associated with a constellation of related beliefs: a communication-constituting concept, a conception of the functional possibilities of communication, unit formation procedures, and principles of coherence.” The underlying idea behind O’Keefe's work is that “communication is not necessarily a uniform process.”\n\nComponents \nThe three components of Message Design Logic are based on \"individuals’ levels of cognitive complexity,\" and are expressed in messages that vary in organization, content, and effectiveness. Whether these components represent different levels of communication effectiveness is labeled as debatable by other communication scholars.\n\nExpressive design logic \nSeen as the simplest form of message production, the fundamental premise of Expressive Design Logic is that “Language is a medium for expressing thoughts and feelings.” This premise is the simplest of the three logics and explains that someone says what they feel. As long as this feeling is conveyed in the message, the message is deemed successful. O’Keefe gives two reasons why individuals who operate under this design logic are very literal when it comes to impression in message design and interpretation. “First, they fail to appreciate that in communication, the process of expression can be made to serve other goals, and second, they interpret messages as independent units rather than as threads in an interaction fabric.” Individuals that communicate expressively do not recognize the idea that messages might be designed to induce particular reactions by the receiver. They believe that messages are taken straightforwardly by a receiver who has thoughts, feelings, or reactions that are to be communicated back to the sender. Through this idea there are only two possible relationships that can be held between the speaker's intentions and messages; 1) To fully and honestly express the speaker's current mental state. 2) To convey a distorted version of the speaker's mental state though editing or lying. Due to the extreme straightforwardness of expressive messages they may contain multiple facets that can be viewed as negative when discussing communicative effectiveness, such as pointless content (excessive knowledge of what the speaker feels or wants), redundancies (due to a thought being recycled), noncontingent threats or insults (simple announcements of punishments), or inoffensive but inappropriate comments (complimentary personal remarks inappropriately delivered). Ultimately, individuals using Expressive Design Logic believe that the element that unites a speaker's messages is simply what is on the speaker's mind, whether they are items of information from one encounter or items from a complex chain of associations.\n\nConventional design logic \nThe fundamental premise of Conventional Design Logic is that “communication is a game played cooperatively, according to socially conventional rules and procedures.” As opposed to the expressive design logic, the communicator using conventional design logic distinguishes between thought and expression. In this design logic, language is viewed as means of expressing propositions that are “specified by the social effect one wants to achieve.” Those who practice conventional design logic consider various contexts as having fixed parameters and therefore design messages based upon what is most appropriate to the context. This message designing is done under the format of cooperation between the speaker and hearer. Using this logic is particularly valuable to achieve particular goals. Communication then is the means by which the goals are achieved. For example, someone constructing a conventional message would relate the message most to the context (the particular situation at hand) in order to achieve certain goals.\n\nRhetorical design logic \nSeen as the most elaborate way of constructing messages, the fundamental premise of Rhetorical Design Logic is that “communication is the creation and negotiation of social selves and situations.” For communicators using this logic, messages are designed to portray what the speaker wants reality to reflect. Under this belief system, O’Keefe explains that “all meaning is treated as a matter of dramaturgical enactment and social negotiation.” As opposed to the conventional design logic, which says to design messages relevant to the given context, rhetorical design logic seeks to create the context using the designed messages. This creating of the context is accomplished using coordination and negotiation. For coordination, rhetorical design seeks to repeatedly solve coordination problems in order to create the social reality. For negotiation, communication operates under the presumption that it can “strategically exploit” meaning. Rhetorical message producers always “seek to achieve consensus and social legitimation for the reality they speak,” thus having the possibility of negotiation always available. Their messages are proactive rather than reactive, so they are designed towards effects rather than in response to the actions of others. Rhetorical messages also normally contain “elaborating and contextualizing clauses and phrases that provide explicit definitions of the context.” Lastly, O’Keefe summarizes the internal coherence of rhetorical designed messages as deriving from “the elements being related by intersubjectively available, goal-oriented schemes.”\n\nVerification and other uses \n\nMany other scholars have verified and used O’Keefe's work for their own research . For example, Peterson and Albrecht uses Message Design Logic to posit the relationship between superiors’ and subordinates’ message design logic types. Likewise, another study done explored the relationships among individuals’ message design logics and their levels of social well-being. Dr. Gwen Hullman used Message Design Logic to help in the study of perceptions of communication competence. The conclusion of her research in relation to message design was that, “speakers of rhetorical regulative messages were perceived as more effective, more appropriate, and were rated as more competent.” These findings reflect the ideas O’Keefe stated in her original work in that rhetorical speakers can better align their goals with their partner's goals.\n\nO’Keefe's Message Design Logic has also been used in a study done in 2005 by Carmen Cortes, Chad Larson, and Dale Hample. Their study was designed to see if the difference in interpersonal construct differentiation reflected the sophistication with which they designed their messages. In addition to Dr. Hullman's study, this article resulted as O’Keefe had predicted in her 1988 study, in which O’Keefe said that people who are more differentiated also tend to employ more sophisticated logics in a challenging situation. What Cortes, Larson, and Hample found is that “differentiation reflects the sophistication with which a person perceives others, and a Message Design Logic is a knowledge structure regarding communication.”\n\nCriticism \n\nWhile critics of this theory are hard to find, Joy Hart of Louisville University reviews and examines O’Keefe's work, including a full critique of assumptions she believes are being made. Hart claims that O’Keefe “assumes a developmental continuum for communication skill.” She examines the assumption that individuals may progress to the rhetorical message design logic, which is the highest level of development. She critiques this assumption as it is seen through cultural and intercultural differences. A specific assumption which Hart criticizes is the proposition that if a person is surrounded by a social environment or culture in which negotiation is possible, then that person will proceed more quickly to the rhetorical message design logic.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n The International Encyclopedia of Communication:Message Design Logics\n Northwestern School of Communication: Barbra O'Keefe\n\nCommunication theory", "Ed O'Keefe (born 1983) is an American political correspondent.\n\nEdward, Eddie or Ed O'Keefe may also refer to:\n\nEd O'Keefe (footballer) (1913–1986), Australian rules half-back\nEdward O'Keefe (born 1978), American presidential librarian\nEddie O'Keefe (born 1988), American director of Shangri-La Suite\n\nSee also\nEdward O'Keeffe (born 1942), Irish politician a/k/a Ned O'Keeffe" ]

[ "James O'Keefe", "ACORN videos (2009)", "What are the ACORN videos?", "Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN),", "What is O'Keefe's connection?", "O'Keefe and his associate, Hannah Giles, published edited hidden camera recordings" ]

[ "Manana (Sanskrit: मनन) is the deep state of thinking without joy or grief. Yajnavalkya in the context of the mahavakya – Tat Tvam Asi, told Paingala that whereas shravana ('hearing') is the inquiry into the real significance of this vākya, to inquire in solitude into the significance of shravana is manana (consideration or reflection). Patanjali terms manana as dharana, the unshakeable mental conviction.\n\nIn Advaita Vedanta, manana, the deep reflection on what is heard from the teacher, is a part of the three-fold process of shravana-manana-nididhyasana, the three stages of religious life which combined acting as the path of knowledge, lead to the attainment of moksha. According to the Pasupatas belonging to the cult of Shiva, manana is a satmaka or mastery over the power of seeing and acting; manana is the supernormal knowing of objects of thoughts.\n\nManana means – 'thinking', 'reflection', 'meditation', 'cogitation'; Panchadasi (Sloka I.53) reads as follows:-\n\nइत्थं वाक्यैस्तदर्थानुसन्धानं श्रवणं भवेत् |\nयुक्त्या संभावितत्वानुसंधानं मन्नन्तु तत् ||\n\n\"The finding out or discovery of the true significance of the identity of the individual self and the supreme Universal Self with the great sayings is what is known as shravana; and to arrive at the possibility of its validity through logical reasoning is what is called manana.\"\n\nIn this context, Vidyaranya had previously stated that the Self is untouched by doubts about the presence or absence of associates etc; that are superimposed on it phenomenally. In the afore-cited sloka, Swami Swahananda in his commentary explains that whatever be the relation between two vikalpas ('alternatives'), relation itself has to be understood which even though not an attribute is to be related, for the domain of bheda ('difference') is riddled with contradictions. Vedanta considers vikalpa as kalpana or 'contrary imagination' that invariably leads to anavastha ('infinite regress'). The identity alluded to by the great sayings (mahavakyas) conveyed by a Guru to his disciples i.e. sown in the mind of his sisya, have logical support for their validity which support is revealed through manana which process reveals true knowledge.\n\nIt is through deep meditation that the knowledge of Brahman is gained, and Katha Upanishad (I.iii.15) declares that one becomes free from the jaws of death by knowing that which is ever constant; Badarayana states that what is mentioned in that Upanishad is meant for deep meditation on Purusha - आध्यानाय प्रयोजनाभावात् (Brahma Sutras III.iii.14), during which process the differing attributes are not to be combined but only non-different attributes which exist collectively in all the contexts.\n\nReferences\n\nHindu philosophical concepts\nVedas\nVedanta", "In statistical hypothesis testing, a result has statistical significance when it is very unlikely to have occurred given the null hypothesis. More precisely, a study's defined significance level, denoted by , is the probability of the study rejecting the null hypothesis, given that the null hypothesis is true; and the p-value of a result, , is the probability of obtaining a result at least as extreme, given that the null hypothesis is true. The result is statistically significant, by the standards of the study, when .<ref\nname=\"Johnson\"></ref> The significance level for a study is chosen before data collection, and is typically set to 5% or much lower—depending on the field of study.\n\nIn any experiment or observation that involves drawing a sample from a population, there is always the possibility that an observed effect would have occurred due to sampling error alone. But if the p-value of an observed effect is less than (or equal to) the significance level, an investigator may conclude that the effect reflects the characteristics of the whole population, thereby rejecting the null hypothesis.\n\nThis technique for testing the statistical significance of results was developed in the early 20th century. The term significance does not imply importance here, and the term statistical significance is not the same as research significance, theoretical significance, or practical significance. For example, the term clinical significance refers to the practical importance of a treatment effect.\n\nHistory\n\nStatistical significance dates to the 1700s, in the work of John Arbuthnot and Pierre-Simon Laplace, who computed the p-value for the human sex ratio at birth, assuming a null hypothesis of equal probability of male and female births; see for details.\n\nIn 1925, Ronald Fisher advanced the idea of statistical hypothesis testing, which he called \"tests of significance\", in his publication Statistical Methods for Research Workers. Fisher suggested a probability of one in twenty (0.05) as a convenient cutoff level to reject the null hypothesis. In a 1933 paper, Jerzy Neyman and Egon Pearson called this cutoff the significance level, which they named . They recommended that be set ahead of time, prior to any data collection.\n\nDespite his initial suggestion of 0.05 as a significance level, Fisher did not intend this cutoff value to be fixed. In his 1956 publication Statistical Methods and Scientific Inference, he recommended that significance levels be set according to specific circumstances.\n\nRelated concepts\nThe significance level is the threshold for below which the null hypothesis is rejected even though by assumption it were true, and something else is going on. This means that is also the probability of mistakenly rejecting the null hypothesis, if the null hypothesis is true. This is also called false positive and type I error.\n\nSometimes researchers talk about the confidence level instead. This is the probability of not rejecting the null hypothesis given that it is true. Confidence levels and confidence intervals were introduced by Neyman in 1937.\n\nRole in statistical hypothesis testing\n\nStatistical significance plays a pivotal role in statistical hypothesis testing. It is used to determine whether the null hypothesis should be rejected or retained. The null hypothesis is the default assumption that nothing happened or changed. For the null hypothesis to be rejected, an observed result has to be statistically significant, i.e. the observed p-value is less than the pre-specified significance level .\n\nTo determine whether a result is statistically significant, a researcher calculates a p-value, which is the probability of observing an effect of the same magnitude or more extreme given that the null hypothesis is true. The null hypothesis is rejected if the p-value is less than (or equal to) a predetermined level, . is also called the significance level, and is the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis given that it is true (a type I error). It is usually set at or below 5%.\n\nFor example, when is set to 5%, the conditional probability of a type I error, given that the null hypothesis is true, is 5%, and a statistically significant result is one where the observed p-value is less than (or equal to) 5%. When drawing data from a sample, this means that the rejection region comprises 5% of the sampling distribution. These 5% can be allocated to one side of the sampling distribution, as in a one-tailed test, or partitioned to both sides of the distribution, as in a two-tailed test, with each tail (or rejection region) containing 2.5% of the distribution.\n\nThe use of a one-tailed test is dependent on whether the research question or alternative hypothesis specifies a direction such as whether a group of objects is heavier or the performance of students on an assessment is better. A two-tailed test may still be used but it will be less powerful than a one-tailed test, because the rejection region for a one-tailed test is concentrated on one end of the null distribution and is twice the size (5% vs. 2.5%) of each rejection region for a two-tailed test. As a result, the null hypothesis can be rejected with a less extreme result if a one-tailed test was used. The one-tailed test is only more powerful than a two-tailed test if the specified direction of the alternative hypothesis is correct. If it is wrong, however, then the one-tailed test has no power.\n\nSignificance thresholds in specific fields \n\nIn specific fields such as particle physics and manufacturing, statistical significance is often expressed in multiples of the standard deviation or sigma (σ) of a normal distribution, with significance thresholds set at a much stricter level (e.g. 5σ). For instance, the certainty of the Higgs boson particle's existence was based on the 5σ criterion, which corresponds to a p-value of about 1 in 3.5 million.\n\nIn other fields of scientific research such as genome-wide association studies, significance levels as low as are not uncommon—as the number of tests performed is extremely large.\n\nLimitations \n\nResearchers focusing solely on whether their results are statistically significant might report findings that are not substantive and not replicable. There is also a difference between statistical significance and practical significance. A study that is found to be statistically significant may not necessarily be practically significant.\n\nEffect size \n\nEffect size is a measure of a study's practical significance. A statistically significant result may have a weak effect. To gauge the research significance of their result, researchers are encouraged to always report an effect size along with p-values. An effect size measure quantifies the strength of an effect, such as the distance between two means in units of standard deviation (cf. Cohen's d), the correlation coefficient between two variables or its square, and other measures.\n\nReproducibility \n\nA statistically significant result may not be easy to reproduce. In particular, some statistically significant results will in fact be false positives. Each failed attempt to reproduce a result increases the likelihood that the result was a false positive.\n\nChallenges\n\nOveruse in some journals \nStarting in the 2010s, some journals began questioning whether significance testing, and particularly using a threshold of =5%, was being relied on too heavily as the primary measure of validity of a hypothesis. Some journals encouraged authors to do more detailed analysis than just a statistical significance test. In social psychology, the journal Basic and Applied Social Psychology banned the use of significance testing altogether from papers it published, requiring authors to use other measures to evaluate hypotheses and impact.\n\nOther editors, commenting on this ban have noted: \"Banning the reporting of p-values, as Basic and Applied Social Psychology recently did, is not going to solve the problem because it is merely treating a symptom of the problem. There is nothing wrong with hypothesis testing and p-values per se as long as authors, reviewers, and action editors use them correctly.\" Some statisticians prefer to use alternative measures of evidence, such as likelihood ratios or Bayes factors. Using Bayesian statistics can avoid confidence levels, but also requires making additional assumptions, and may not necessarily improve practice regarding statistical testing.\n\nThe widespread abuse of statistical significance represents an important topic of research in metascience.\n\nRedefining significance \nIn 2016, the American Statistical Association (ASA) published a statement on p-values, saying that \"the widespread use of 'statistical significance' (generally interpreted as 'p ≤ 0.05') as a license for making a claim of a scientific finding (or implied truth) leads to considerable distortion of the scientific process\". In 2017, a group of 72 authors proposed to enhance reproducibility by changing the p-value threshold for statistical significance from 0.05 to 0.005. Other researchers responded that imposing a more stringent significance threshold would aggravate problems such as data dredging; alternative propositions are thus to select and justify flexible p-value thresholds before collecting data, or to interpret p-values as continuous indices, thereby discarding thresholds and statistical significance. Additionally, the change to 0.005 would increase the likelihood of false negatives, whereby the effect being studied is real, but the test fails to show it.\n\nIn 2019, over 800 statisticians and scientists signed a message calling for the abandonment of the term \"statistical significance\" in science, and the American Statistical Association published a further official statement declaring (page 2):\n\nSee also\n\n A/B testing, ABX test\n Estimation statistics\n Fisher's method for combining independent tests of significance\n Look-elsewhere effect\n Multiple comparisons problem\n Sample size\n Texas sharpshooter fallacy (gives examples of tests where the significance level was set too high)\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n Lydia Denworth, \"A Significant Problem: Standard scientific methods are under fire. Will anything change?\", Scientific American, vol. 321, no. 4 (October 2019), pp. 62–67. \"The use of p values for nearly a century [since 1925] to determine statistical significance of experimental results has contributed to an illusion of certainty and [to] reproducibility crises in many scientific fields. There is growing determination to reform statistical analysis... Some [researchers] suggest changing statistical methods, whereas others would do away with a threshold for defining \"significant\" results.\" (p. 63.) \nZiliak, Stephen and Deirdre McCloskey (2008), The Cult of Statistical Significance: How the Standard Error Costs Us Jobs, Justice, and Lives. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press, 2009. . Reviews and reception: (compiled by Ziliak)\n\nChow, Siu L., (1996). Statistical Significance: Rationale, Validity and Utility, Volume 1 of series Introducing Statistical Methods, Sage Publications Ltd, – argues that statistical significance is useful in certain circumstances.\nKline, Rex, (2004). Beyond Significance Testing: Reforming Data Analysis Methods in Behavioral Research Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.\nNuzzo, Regina (2014). Scientific method: Statistical errors. Nature Vol. 506, p. 150-152 (open access). Highlights common misunderstandings about the p value.\nCohen, Joseph (1994). . The earth is round (p<.05). American Psychologist. Vol 49, p. 997-1003. Reviews problems with null hypothesis statistical testing.\n\nExternal links\n\n The article \"Earliest Known Uses of Some of the Words of Mathematics (S)\" contains an entry on Significance that provides some historical information.\n \"The Concept of Statistical Significance Testing\" (February 1994): article by Bruce Thompon hosted by the ERIC Clearinghouse on Assessment and Evaluation, Washington, D.C.\n \"What does it mean for a result to be \"statistically significant\"?\" (no date): an article from the Statistical Assessment Service at George Mason University, Washington, D.C.\n\nStatistical hypothesis testing" ]

[ "James O'Keefe", "ACORN videos (2009)", "What are the ACORN videos?", "Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN),", "What is O'Keefe's connection?", "O'Keefe and his associate, Hannah Giles, published edited hidden camera recordings", "What is the significance of this?", "he targeted ACORN for the same reasons that the political right does: its massive voter registration drives\"," ]

[ "Elections to West Lindsey District Council were held on 3 May 2007. One third of the council was up for election and the Liberal Democrat Party held overall control of the council after what was seen as a straight fight with the Conservative Party.\n\nThe election in Scotter ward was decided by the toss of a coin which the Conservative candidate won.\n\nAfter the election, the composition of the council was:\n Liberal Democrat 20\n Conservative 16\n Independent 1\n\nElection result\n\nOne Independent candidate was unopposed.\n\nWard results\n\nReferences\n\n 2007 West Lindsey election result\n Ward results\n\n2007\n2007 English local elections\n2000s in Lincolnshire", "The St. Charles Borromeo Cathedral () Also Chillán Cathedral Is a temple of the Catholic Church, home of the Diocese of Chillán located in the center of the city of Chillán, Chile in front of the Plaza de Armas, in the corner of streets Arauco and Libertad. It is also a symbol and icon of the city, as a result of the city's progress after the Chillan earthquake of 1939. It was declared a National Monument in December 2014.\n\nThe first cathedral of the city of Chillán was established in what today is known as Old Chillán, but this one was destroyed after the earthquake that affected the zone in 1835. As a result, the city was devastated and was transferred and reconstructed in Its current location. The cathedral at that time was made of lime and brick.\n\nAfter the Chillán earthquake of 1939, the cathedral was completely destroyed again, beginning that same year the reconstructions that culminated in 1950. In this new reconstruction, the architect Hernán Larraín Errázuriz was based on ideas of modernism. The figure of the 10 arches represent the prayer and the sign that is made with the hands at the moment of praying intercalando the fingers of the hands and closing them of oval form.\n\nSee also\nRoman Catholicism in Chile\nSt. Charles Borromeo\n\nReferences\n\nRoman Catholic cathedrals in Chile\nRoman Catholic churches completed in 1950\nDiguillín Province\n20th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Chile\nModernist architecture in Chile\nRebuilt buildings and structures in Chile" ]

[ "August Strindberg", "Death and funeral" ]

[ "Die Gespenstersonate is a 1984 German-language opera by Aribert Reimann to a libretto by the composer and Uwe Schendel after August Strindberg's play The Ghost Sonata. Strindberg's play also inspired another opera, Die Gespenstersonate by Julius Weismann (1930).\n\nPremiere\nWorld premiere by the Deutsche Oper Berlin at the Hebbel Theater in Berlin with the Junge Deutsche Philharmonie and Ensemble Modern featured:\n Der Alte – Hans Günther Nöcker \n Die Mumie – Martha Mödl\n Der Oberst – Horst Hiestermann\n Der Student Arkenholz – David Knutson\n Das Fräulein – Gudrun Sieber\n Johansson – Donald Grobe\n Bengtsson – William Dooley\n Die Dunkle Dame – Barbara Scherler\n Die Köchin – Kaja Borris\n\nA video of the premiere was released on DVD by Arthaus\n\nReferences\n\n1984 operas\nOperas by Aribert Reimann\nGerman-language operas\nOperas\nOperas based on plays\nOperas based on works by August Strindberg", "Friedrich Strindberg, also Friedrich Strindberg-Wedekind, pseudonym Fredrik Uhlson, (21 August 1897 in Wienna – 30 March 1978 in Italy) was a Swedish-German journalist and author.\n\nHe was the second son of Frida Uhl, Frank Wedekind was his biological father. His mother was at the time still married to August Strindberg at the time, who juridically accepted the boy as his son.\n\nEarly years \nFriedrich Strindberg grew up with his grandmother in Schloss Dornach, Saxony, Upper Austria. After volunteering in the Austrian army in the First World War, he returned to his birth town Wienna, where he in 1923 married the writer and playwright Maria Lazar. The couple had a daughter, Judith, born in 1924. Their marriage was dissolved in 1927.\n\nStrindberg worked as a freelance journalist for the Ullstein publishing house and for various newspapers. He reported from both Mussolini´s Abyssinian campaign and the Spanish Civil War.\n\nFleeing to Sweden \nFriedrich Strindberg was an active anti-Nazi and had to flee to Sweden in 1943. August Strindberg's Swedish heirs wanted to prevent this and tried to revoke his Swedish citizenship. This could have ended fatally for Friedrich Strindberg, as his biological father Frank Wedekind incorrectly had been declared \"half-Jewish\" by the Nuremberg laws in Nazi Germany.\n\nWork in Exile \nReportedly Friedrich Strindberg was one of the first journalists who knew of Hitler's deportations to Concentration camps and the gas chambers. In Sweden he started writing Under jorden i Berlin (Under ground in Berlin). The novel was released under the pseudonym Fredrik Uhlson in February 1945, making it the first published fictional work about the Holocaust. The heroes of the novel are a subsidiary rabbi and his girlfriend, who at the very last moment learn the Gestapo wants to contain them, and immediately go underground. The role models of these characters are Herbert and Lotte Strauss, who themselves covered their experiences in the Third Reich in their memoir volumes. Friedrich Strindberg appears in their works as a Swedish photographer who informs the pair about the atrocities of the Nazis.\n\nLife in West Germany \nIn 1949 Friedrich Strindberg left Sweden and re-settled in the Federal Republic of Germany. In 1957 he was head of the text editorial office of Weltbild, in 1961 of Quick. In 1972 he moved to Italy, where he wrote the novel Wenn die Birnen Reifen which came out the year before his death.\n\nLegacy \nFriedrich Strindberg is together with his second wife Utje posthumously honored as Righteous Among the Nations. His name is also immortalized on the Yad Vashem memorial in Israel.\n\nReferences \n\n1897 births\n1978 deaths\nGerman male writers\n \nYad Vashem" ]

[ "August Strindberg", "Death and funeral", "Why did Strindberg die?", "He died on 14 May 1912 at the age of 63." ]

[ "Hagen Friedrich Liebing (18 February 1961 – 25 September 2016), nicknamed \"The Incredible Hagen\", was a German musician and journalist, best known as the bassist for the influential punk band Die Ärzte. \n\nIn 1986, drummer Bela B invited him to join Die Ärzte. The two knew each other from early Berlin punk days. The band disbanded in 1988. Liebing tried his hand at journalism shortly thereafter. He wrote several articles for Der Tagesspiegel, and was the senior music editor of Tip Berlin since the mid-1990s. \n\nWhen Die Ärzte reunited in 1993, Liebing did not join them. However, he did join them on stage as a special guest in 2002. In 2003, he published his memoirs The Incredible Hagen – My Years with Die Ärzte. From 2003 to 2010, he headed the Press and Public Relations at the football club Tennis Borussia Berlin. \n\nLiebing died in Berlin on 25 September 2016, after a battle with a brain tumor.\n\nReferences\n\n1961 births\n2016 deaths\nMusicians from Berlin\nGerman male musicians\nGerman journalists\nDeaths from cancer in Germany\nDeaths from brain tumor", "Gefangen im Schattenreich von Die Ärzte (\"Imprisoned in the netherworld of Die Ärzte\") is the third VHS by German rock band Die Ärzte. It features live and backstage videos. It is the first part of the tour videos from 1993 to 1996.\n\nTrack listing \n \"Super Drei\" (Super three)\n \"Geh mit mir\" (Date me lit. Go with me)\n \"FaFaFa\"\n \"Friedenspanzer\" (Peace tank)\n \"Der Misanthrop\" (The misanthrope)\n \"Teddybär\" (Teddy bear)\n \"2000 Mädchen\" (2,000 girls)\n \"Vermissen, Baby\" (Missing, baby)\n \"Omaboy\" (Grandma boy)\n \"Schunder-Song\"\n \"Ich bin reich\" (I'm rich)\n \"Anneliese Schmidt\"\n \"Westerland\"\n \"Revolution\"\n \"Ist das alles?\" (Is that all?)\n Video clip: \"Hurra\" (Hooray!)\n \"Making of: Quark\"\n\nNoch mehr gefangen im Schattenreich von Die Ärzte \nNoch mehr gefangen im Schattenreich von Die Ärzte (\"Even more imprisoned in the netherworld of Die Ärzte\") is the fourth VHS by the German rock band Die Ärzte. It features the second part of the tour videos from 1993 to 1996.\n\nTrack listing \n \"Making of: Planet Punk\"\n \"Zum Bäcker\" (To the baker)\n \"Mysteryland\"\n \"Making of: 3-Tage-Bart\" (Designer stubble; lit: 3-days-beard)\n \"Trick 17 m.S\"\n \"Elke\"\n \"Die Banane\" (The banana)\n \"Frank'n'Stein\"\n \"Westerland\"\n \"Paul\"\n \"BGS\" (Bundesgrenzschutz - Federal Border Guard)\n \"Making of: Hurra\" (Hooray!)\n \"Die traurige Ballade von Susi Spakowski\"\n \"Die Allerschürfste\" (The Superhottest)\n \"Tour-Charts - Was Die Ärzte so hinter der Bühne singen…\" (Tour charts - What Die Ärzte sing backstage)\n \"Alleine in der Nacht\" (Alone at night)\n \"Sweet Sweet Gwendoline\"\n \"Making of: Schunder-Song\"\n \"Schopenhauer\"\n \"Punk Rock - Die Ärzte als Gesangstrio, das alte deutsche Lieder vorträgt\" (Punk Rock - Die Ärzte as a singing-trio, singing old German songs)\n \"B.S.L.\" (Brutaler, schneller Lärm - Brutal, rapid noise)\n \"Wie am ersten Tag\" (Like the first day)\n \"Blumen\" (Flowers)\n \"Erna P.\"\n \"Vollmilch\" (Whole milk)\n \"Schrei nach Liebe\" (Cry for love)\n \"Rod Loves You\"\n\nVollkommen gefangen im Schattenreich von Die Ärzte \nVollkommen gefangen im Schattenreich von Die Ärzte (\"Completely imprisoned in the netherworld of Die Ärzte\") is the third DVD by German rock band Die Ärzte. It is a DVD sampler of the tour videos from 1993 to 1996.\n\nSong information \nVHS 1\n Track 6, 12 from the EP Zu schön, um wahr zu sein!\n Track 11 from the album Die Ärzte\n Track 7 from the album Ist das alles? (13 Höhepunkte mit den Ärzten)\n Track 13 from the album Das ist nicht die ganze Wahrheit...\n Track 3, 4, 9, 14 from the album Die Bestie in Menschengestalt\n Track 1, 2, 5, 8, 10 from the album Planet Punk\n\nVHS 2\n Track 24 from the single \"Paul\"\n Track 8, 10 from the album Debil\n Track 3, 16, 17 from the album Die Ärzte\n Track 6, 9, 22, 23 from the album Das ist nicht die ganze Wahrheit...\n Track 2, 25 from the album Die Ärzte früher!\n Track 11 from the EP 1, 2, 3, 4 – Bullenstaat!\n Track 14, 19, 26 from the album Die Bestie in Menschengestalt\n Track 5, 7, 13, 21, 27 from the album Planet Punk\n\nChart performance\nVollkommen gefangen im Schattenreich von Die Ärzte peaked at No. 71 in Germany.\n\nCertifications\n\nReferences\n\nDie Ärzte video albums\n1996 video albums\nLive video albums\n1996 live albums" ]

[ "August Strindberg", "Death and funeral", "Why did Strindberg die?", "He died on 14 May 1912 at the age of 63.", "What did he die from?", "pneumonia and he never recovered completely. He also started to suffer from a stomach cancer." ]

[ "Absentee funeral prayer in Islam, known as Salat al-Gha'ib (), is a kind of funeral prayer performed upon a dead Muslim if they die in a place where there are no Muslims to pray for the dead. By contrast, if someone dies and a funeral prayer is said on his or her behalf, no other prayer is necessary. \n\nThe Hadith, or traditions of Muhammad, approve of offering funeral prayers for an absent person. Abu Hurayrah reports: \"The Prophet informed his companions about the death of Negus (Najashi), the king of Abyssinia, the day that he died. And then the Prophet led them to the prayer ground where he lined them up and offered funeral prayer for him with four Takbirs\".\n\nThe time for offering a funeral prayer for an absent person should be within one month after his death. This rule is deduced from the Mursal Hadith stating that Muhammad performed a funeral prayer on the grave of a woman one month after her death, as Sayeed Ibn al-Musayyab reports: \"Saad Bin Ubadh's mother died while the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was absent. When he came to Madinah one month later, he offered the funeral prayer on her grave.\"[Tirmizi]\n\nFuneral prayer for the absentee \nMuslim scholars have different opinions regarding the funeral prayer on the absentee.\n\nThis is the opinion of a great number of eminent Muslim scholars, including Al Khattaby and Al Rawiyani. Abu Dawud in his Sunan entitled a chapter: “Chapter of performing funeral prayer on a dead Muslim who died in a land of disbelief.”\n\nThis opinion is also the belief of Ibn Taymiyah and his disciple Ibn AlQayyim. The latter said in Zad Al Mi’aad: \"Sheikh Al Islam Ibn Taymiyah said: ‘The right opinion is that the Muslim who died in a land where no funeral prayer was performed on him has the right to have absentee funeral prayer performed on him\". This is similar to what Muhammad did when he heard about the death of Negus of Abyssinia, the proposed ruler (in Islamic tradition) who gave refuge to the Muslims when they fled Mecca. The absentee prayer fulfills the prayer obligation so that there is no need for other prayers.\n\nThe Shaafa’is and Hanbalis \nThe Shaafa’is and Hanbalis believe that the funeral prayer in absentia should be held for everyone who dies away from his hometown, even if the funeral prayer is offered for him in the place where he dies.\n\nThe second view is that it is prescribed to offer the funeral prayer in absentia if the deceased had benefited the Muslims in some way, such as a scholar, a mujahid or a rich man from whose wealth the people benefited, and so on.\n\nThe third view is that it is prescribed to offer the funeral prayer in absentia so long as the funeral prayer has not been offered for the deceased in the place where he died. If the funeral prayer has been offered for him, then it is not prescribed to offer the funeral prayer for him in absentia.\n\nAl-Khurshi (Maaliki) \nAl-Khurshi (Maaliki) said (2/142): The fact that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) offered the funeral prayer for the Negus (in absentia) is one of the things that applied only to him.\n\nSomething similar was stated in Badaa’i al-Sanaa’i by al-Kasaani (Hanafi) (1/312).\n\nAl-Nawawi said in al-Majmoo’ (5/211): \"Our view is that it is permissible to offer the funeral prayer for one died away from his home town, but Abu Haneefah disallowed it. Our evidence is the hadeeth about the Negus, which is saheeh and has no faults, and they do not have any valid answer to that.\"\n\nAl-Shaafa’i imposed a valid restriction on offering the funeral prayer in absentia, which is that the one who offers the funeral prayer for the deceased should be one of those who would have offered the prayer for him the day he died.\n\nSee also\n Islamic view of death\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n http://ar.islamway.net/lesson/24914\n http://annabaa.org/nba63/mnhiqoq.htm\n الفتاوى الإسلامية.\n دليل المواقع الإسلامية المتكامل.\n الشبكة الإسلامية.\n موقع الإسلام موقع متعدد اللغات.\n الموسوعة الحديثية الإلكترونية\n\nSalah\nDeath customs\nSalah terminology", "\"What Kind of Fool\" is a 1981 vocal duet between Barbra Streisand and Barry Gibb.\n\nWhat Kind of Fool may also refer to:\n\n \"What Kind of Fool\" (Lionel Cartwright song), a 1991 song by Lionel Cartwright\n \"What Kind of Fool (Heard All That Before)\", a 1992 song performed by Kylie Minogue\n \"What Kind of Fool Am I?\", a 1962 song recorded by several artists\n \"What Kind of Fool (Do You Think I Am)\", a 1964 song by The Tamms\n \"What Kind of Fool Do You Think I Am\", a 1992 song by Lee Roy Parnell\n \"What Kind of Fool\", a 1988 single by All About Eve" ]

[ "August Strindberg", "Death and funeral", "Why did Strindberg die?", "He died on 14 May 1912 at the age of 63.", "What did he die from?", "pneumonia and he never recovered completely. He also started to suffer from a stomach cancer.", "What kind of funeral did he have?", "He had given strict instructions concerning his funeral and how his body should be treated after death: only members of his immediate family were allowed to view his body," ]

[ "Synthetic programming is an advanced technique for programming the HP-41C and Elektronika B3-34 calculators, involving creating instructions (or combinations of instructions and operands) that cannot be obtained using the standard capabilities of the calculator.\n\nSome HP-41C instructions are coded in memory using multiple bytes. Some of these sequence of bytes correspond to instructions the calculator is able to execute, but these cannot be entered in the program memory using conventional program entry methods (i.e. using the calculator as described in the user's manual.) Synthetic programming uses a bug in the calculator firmware to enter those byte sequences as a sequence of other instructions, then partially skipping halfway through the first instruction, so that the calculator believes the end of the first instruction is actually the beginning of a new one.\n\nIt is not clear if the creators behind the HP-41 were aware of all these \"black holes\". HP did not officially support these techniques, but probably was intrigued by the strange operations and in some cases allowed enthusiasts to practice in their offices and helped to improve it among a whole sense of curiosity. It was kept as a kind of wonder, even secret, in technical schools.\n\nReferences \n Microcode-Level Calculator Simulation, by Eric Smith, presented at 2004 Hewlett-Packard Handheld Conference in San Jose, California on 26 September 2004\n\nSee also\nYeggogology (Cyrillic: \"Еггогология\")\n\n Synthetic programming", "Directions are a form of delegated legislation used in the United Kingdom.\n\nAn Act of Parliament or other delegated legislation may confer a power on a Minister to give Directions so as to enable that Minister to give instructions to a public body or group of public bodies which are not under the Minister's direct control. The directions thereby effectively convert instructions which would otherwise only have strong political weight to legally binding orders with which the recipient must comply. \n\nBecause they are generally of interest to a relatively limited group of public bodies, Directions are not generally made in the form of Statutory Instruments, but are instead published or notified to the affected bodies as the Minister sees fit.\n\nExamples of such Directions include:\n Directions given by the Secretary of State for Health to the National Health Service,\n Directions given the Secretrary of State for Transport to the Strategic Rail Authority,\n Directions given by the Treasury to public bodies on their financial and accounting procedures.\n\nHowever some Directions are published by Statutory Instrument because they have a wider application or constitutional relevance. Examples include:\n The Wafer Scottish Seal Directions 1999 under which the First Minister of Scotland gives instructions concerning the Great Seal of Scotland, \n The Traffic Signs General Directions 2002 which give instructions to highways authorities about road signs.\n\nReferences\n\nLaw of the United Kingdom" ]

[ "August Strindberg", "Death and funeral", "Why did Strindberg die?", "He died on 14 May 1912 at the age of 63.", "What did he die from?", "pneumonia and he never recovered completely. He also started to suffer from a stomach cancer.", "What kind of funeral did he have?", "He had given strict instructions concerning his funeral and how his body should be treated after death: only members of his immediate family were allowed to view his body,", "What kind of instructions did he give?", "there would be no obduction, no photographs were taken, and no death mask was made. Strindberg had also requested that his funeral should take place as soon as possible" ]

[ "Vagif Bayatly Oner () is an Azerbaijani poet. He was born in October 1948 in Jabrayil, a district in Karabakh now militarily occupied by Armenia.\n\nVagif's major books of poetry include: Under a Lonely Star, All Love Stories Will Be Forgotten, and The Funniest Dead Man. His poetry has been translated into more than 30 languages, including a major book of poetry published in Moscow (translated into Russian).\n\nHis prizes include the Mayakovski Prize for Poetry and the Jalil Mammadguluzadeh Prize founded by Azerbaijan's Press Foundation. Vagif has translated numerous works into Azerbaijani, including some of the most famous Austrian, English, Scottish, Italian, Norwegian, Turkish, and Russian poets, such as Rainer Maria Rilke, Thomas Eliot, Robert Burns, Boris Pasternak, Anna Akhmatova, Nikolay Gumilyov and Osip Mandelstam.\n\nMore than Anyone Else\n(by Vagif Bayatly; translated into English by Tamam Bayatly)\n\nI can neither be the strongest man in the world,\nNor do I want to be.\nI don't want anyone to be afraid of me.\n\nI can neither be the wealthiest man in the world,\nNor do I want to be.\nFor me the greatest wealth in the world,\nis a tiny tent with a smiling face and eyes, with an open door and windows!\n\nI can neither love you more than anyone else in the world,\nNor do I want to love you so.\nBecause only those who love insincerely\nLove more than anyone else.\n\nI want to love you quietly and gently,\nI want to love you as destined by God,\nLike a small bird that has nestled against the tiny corner of its nest.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nPoetry by Vagif Bayatly in English, Azerbaijan International magazine\n Poetry by Vagif Bayatly in Russian, Irs magazine\n\nAzerbaijani-language poets\n1948 births\nAzerbaijani poets\nAzerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction alumni\nLiving people", "Vinyl is a 2000 documentary film by Toronto filmmaker/record collector Alan Zweig. In the film, Zweig seeks not to talk to people who collect vinyl records to discuss music, but rather to discuss what drives someone to collect records in the first place. Zweig spends a large portion of the film in stylized self-filmed \"confessions\", where he expounds on his life in regard to record collecting, feeling it has prevented him from fulfilling his dreams of a family.\n\nIn addition to celebrities like Canadian director/actor Don McKellar and American Splendor creator Harvey Pekar, Zweig speaks to a variety of record collectors. Collectors include a car wash employee who claims to own over one million records and claims to have memorized the track listing of every K-Tel collection he owns, a government employee who refuses to organize his collection because he doesn't want people to come over and a man who threw out his large record collection rather than sell or give it away because he didn't want anyone else to own it.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n \n\n2000 films\nEnglish-language films\nCanadian films\nCanadian documentary films\nFilms directed by Alan Zweig\nAutobiographical documentary films\nCollecting\n2000 documentary films\nDocumentary films about fandom" ]

[ "August Strindberg", "Death and funeral", "Why did Strindberg die?", "He died on 14 May 1912 at the age of 63.", "What did he die from?", "pneumonia and he never recovered completely. He also started to suffer from a stomach cancer.", "What kind of funeral did he have?", "He had given strict instructions concerning his funeral and how his body should be treated after death: only members of his immediate family were allowed to view his body,", "What kind of instructions did he give?", "there would be no obduction, no photographs were taken, and no death mask was made. Strindberg had also requested that his funeral should take place as soon as possible", "Why did he not want anyone else but family coming to his funeral?", "I don't know." ]

[ "\"How Interesting: A Tiny Man\" is a 2010 science fiction/magical realism short story by American writer Harlan Ellison. It was first published in Realms of Fantasy.\n\nPlot summary\nA scientist creates a tiny man. The tiny man is initially very popular, but then draws the hatred of the world, and so the tiny man must flee, together with the scientist (who is now likewise hated, for having created the tiny man).\n\nReception\n\"How Interesting: A Tiny Man\" won the 2010 Nebula Award for Best Short Story, tied with Kij Johnson's \"Ponies\". It was Ellison's final Nebula nomination and win, of his record-setting eight nominations and three wins.\n\nTor.com calls the story \"deceptively simple\", with \"execution (that) is flawless\" and a \"Geppetto-like\" narrator, while Publishers Weekly describes it as \"memorably depict(ing) humanity's smallness of spirit\". The SF Site, however, felt it was \"contrived and less than profound\".\n\nNick Mamatas compared \"How Interesting: A Tiny Man\" negatively to Ellison's other Nebula-winning short stories, and stated that the story's two mutually exclusive endings (in one, the tiny man is killed; in the other, he becomes God) are evocative of the process of writing short stories. Ben Peek considered it to be \"more allegory than (...) anything else\", and interpreted it as being about how the media \"give(s) everyone a voice\", and also about how Ellison was treated by science fiction fandom.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nAudio version of ''How Interesting: A Tiny Man, at StarShipSofa\nHow Interesting: A Tiny Man, at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database\n\nNebula Award for Best Short Story-winning works\nShort stories by Harlan Ellison", "\"If You Can Do Anything Else\" is a song written by Billy Livsey and Don Schlitz, and recorded by American country music artist George Strait. It was released in February 2001 as the third and final single from his self-titled album. The song reached number 5 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in July 2001. It also peaked at number 51 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100.\n\nContent\nThe song is about man who is giving his woman the option to leave him. He gives her many different options for all the things she can do. At the end he gives her the option to stay with him if she really can’t find anything else to do. He says he will be alright if she leaves, but really it seems he wants her to stay.\n\nChart performance\n\"If You Can Do Anything Else\" debuted at number 60 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of March 3, 2001.\n\nYear-end charts\n\nReferences\n\n2001 singles\n2000 songs\nGeorge Strait songs\nSongs written by Billy Livsey\nSongs written by Don Schlitz\nSong recordings produced by Tony Brown (record producer)\nMCA Nashville Records singles" ]

[ "August Strindberg", "Death and funeral", "Why did Strindberg die?", "He died on 14 May 1912 at the age of 63.", "What did he die from?", "pneumonia and he never recovered completely. He also started to suffer from a stomach cancer.", "What kind of funeral did he have?", "He had given strict instructions concerning his funeral and how his body should be treated after death: only members of his immediate family were allowed to view his body,", "What kind of instructions did he give?", "there would be no obduction, no photographs were taken, and no death mask was made. Strindberg had also requested that his funeral should take place as soon as possible", "Why did he not want anyone else but family coming to his funeral?", "I don't know.", "Anything else interesting about his funeral?", "A short service was conducted by Nathan Soderblom by the bier in Strindberg's home, in the presence of three of Strindberg's children and his housekeeper," ]

[ "Shamsiddin Mohammed Shohin () was a Tajik poet born around 1865-1866 in Bukhara, where he lived all his live. His father was a poor Mullah in Bukhara.\n\nFamily \nIn 1887, Shohin married the daughter of Abdulqodir Parbonachi (Абдулқодири Парвоначӣ), who was the governor of Shuroobod at the time. His wife died 10 months after. His poem \"Lily and Majnun\" is in remembrance of his wife.\n\nToponyms \nThe Shuroobod District, where his wife's father was governor, was renamed in his honour.\n\n1865 births\nPeople from Bukhara\nTajikistani poets\nTajikistani male writers\nYear of death missing", "Pavlo Semenovych Hertsyk (; ? – ca. 1700) was a Ukrainian Cossack officer of Jewish origin, the colonel of the Poltava Regiment (1675-1677, 1683–1687, 1691–1695) of the Cossack Hetmanate. He and his sons were important allies of Hetman Ivan Mazepa.\n\nPavlo's father was a Jewish merchant from Uman who had moved to Poltava where he later became a colonel of the Poltava regiment. His father converted to Orthodox faith. Pavlo sponsored the construction of the Church of the Elevation (Воздвиженськa церквa) at the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, where he was subsequently buried.\n\nHis three sons, Hryhory, Ivan and Opanas went into exile with Mazepa. His daughter Hanna Hertsyk was the wife of Hetman Pylyp Orlyk, Maria was the wife of the Host secretary Volodymyr Maksymovych, and Chrystyna was the wife of the colonel Hryhory Novytsky, who was eventually exiled to Siberia.\n\nHryhory Hertsyk was responsible for moving Ivan Mazepa's body from Bender to Galatz. He and his brothers followed Hetman Pylyp Orlyk to Sweden in 1716, where they stayed until 1720. Hryhory was appointed General Osaul by Hetman Pylyp Orlyk and as such sent from Stockholm to Poland in 1720, although in Warsaw he was arrested then handed over to the Russians. He was then imprisoned in Saint Petersburg until 1728, when he was allowed to move to Moscow where his wife and children lived.\n\nSee also\nJewish Cossacks\n\nReferences\n\nColonels of the Cossack Hetmanate\nUkrainian Jews\nPeople of the Great Northern War\nPeople from Poltava" ]

[ "August Strindberg", "Death and funeral", "Why did Strindberg die?", "He died on 14 May 1912 at the age of 63.", "What did he die from?", "pneumonia and he never recovered completely. He also started to suffer from a stomach cancer.", "What kind of funeral did he have?", "He had given strict instructions concerning his funeral and how his body should be treated after death: only members of his immediate family were allowed to view his body,", "What kind of instructions did he give?", "there would be no obduction, no photographs were taken, and no death mask was made. Strindberg had also requested that his funeral should take place as soon as possible", "Why did he not want anyone else but family coming to his funeral?", "I don't know.", "Anything else interesting about his funeral?", "A short service was conducted by Nathan Soderblom by the bier in Strindberg's home, in the presence of three of Strindberg's children and his housekeeper,", "Where was his wife?", "I don't know." ]

[ "The U-Foes is a supervillain team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. They are usually depicted as enemies of the Hulk. The group consists of four members: Vector, the group's leader, who can repel matter telekinetically; Vapor, who can transform into any form of gaseous matter; X-Ray, who can generate and project radiation and fly; and Ironclad, who has a metallic body and can control his density.\n\nPublication history\nThe U-Foes first appeared in The Incredible Hulk (vol. 2) #254 (Dec. 1980) and were created by Bill Mantlo and Sal Buscema. Per The Incredible Hulk (vol. 2) #254's credits, editor Al Milgrom designed the costumes of the U-Foes while editor-in-chief Jim Shooter helped with the names of the U-Foes.\n\nAs noted on the first page of that issue, the group's name was inspired by the 1979 Graham Parker song \"Waiting for the UFOs\".\n\nFictional team biography\nSimon Utrecht, a former politician and multi-millionaire, funds an operation to gain superpowers the same way the Fantastic Four had, by flying into space and being exposed to cosmic rays. He chooses three other members to join him: Ann Darnell, Ann's younger brother Jimmy Darnell, and Mike Steel. What the group did not know was that they would be exposed to much higher amount than the Fantastic Four and that it would most likely kill them. The Hulk, in his Bruce Banner form, brings the ship down by reprogramming their computer before the group was exposed to the terminal levels of cosmic rays. The group did manage to gain powers and the newly christened U-Foes attacked Banner for interfering, convinced they could have become even more powerful without his intervention. Banner transforms into the Hulk and a fight ensues, but the U-Foes lose due to their inexperience with their newly gained powers and inability to fight as a team. In the end, their own ongoing mutations incapacitate them, and the team is scattered as they lose control of their increasing abilities.\n\nSome time later, as their powers stabilize, the U-Foes reunite with the goal of revenge and making a name for themselves in the public eye by killing the Hulk. Though they find the Hulk a more formidable foe, with the intelligence of Bruce Banner then in control of the Hulk, X-ray discovers a way to keep Banner in his human form by generating 'anti-gamma rays'. The U-Foes imprison Banner at the former Gamma Base and hijack television broadcasts worldwide, intending to gain infamy by killing Banner in front of the world. However, Banner is freed by his allies Betty Ross, Rick Jones, and Bereet, and defeats the U-Foes as the Hulk. Ironically, the U-Foes' attempt to gain fame at the Hulk's expense instead reveals to the world that Banner is in control of the Hulk's power, and leads to a brief period of Banner/Hulk as a popular celebrity and true superhero (ending when the Mindless Hulk persona re-asserts itself).\n\nAfter several defeats at the hands of the Hulk and his allies, each of the U-Foes are banished to a different dimension. They manage to reunite and find their way back to Earth when the mutant Portal's powers began manifesting. The U-Foes attempt to murder Portal to keep him from opening another portal to banish them, but are defeated by the Avengers. They later attempt to kidnap Portal to exploit his mutant powers, and are defeated once again by Captain America, Darkhawk, and Daredevil.\n\nThroughout the 1980s and 1990s the team generally work alone, but occasionally work as hired hands for other villains. Working for the Leader, they attack the Pantheon, injuring dozens of civilians. Despite the handicap of an orphan girl who had gotten mixed up in the battle, the Hulk and the Pantheon soldiers manage to subdue some of the U-Foes. The villains are tricked into hurting each other. During the Acts of Vengeance, the U-Foes face the West Coast Avengers with the help of the Mole Man, but they are defeated.\n\nAround this time, they play an important part in the Vault prison breakout in Marvel Graphic Novel No. 68 - Avengers: Death Trap - The Vault. The various U-Foes work together and with other villains to fight against the prison's security, its forces, Freedom Force and the Avengers. The U-Foes and the other prisoners are neutralized by technological mind-control.\n\nThe team later encounters the Hulk in the Arctic ice fields outside the Leader's devastated sanctuary for cancer victims. The Hulk, believing he had just lost his friend, intimidates them into fleeing.\n\nBoth of the fights with the Hulk are part of manipulations by the Pantheon's ancient leader Agamemnon. Neither side realizes the old man is secretly a power-crazed murderous psychotic who enjoys manipulation.\n\nLater, the U-Foes are again part of a breakout from the Vault. During this, they manage to destroy the entire facility.\n\nThe U-Foes also are freed from the Raft, when Electro breaks them out in the New Avengers, but are distracted from escaping by a confrontation with Crossfire and his team of mind-controllers — including the Mandrill, Mister Fear, the Corruptor and the Controller — over technology that had been stolen from them, until Spider-Man, Captain America and Iron Man are able to capture them.\n\nDuring the \"Civil War\" storyline, the Superhuman Registration Act brings the U-Foes to the attention of the United States government. The U.S. sends the B-Squad version of the Thunderbolts (Blizzard, Joystick, the Fixer and Quicksand), after the U-Foes. After a battle in Portland, the U-Foes are arrested. Instead of due process, they are given the choice of joining the team or facing jail time.\n\nThe U-Foes are among the villains recruited to join the Hood's crime syndicate. The U-Foes are seen to be among the new recruits for Camp H.A.M.M.E.R.\n\nDuring the \"Dark Reign\" storyline, the U-Foes are revealed by new Initiative leader Norman Osborn as the new Initiative team for the state of North Carolina. Osborn orders the U-Foes to attack the Heavy Hitters after they secede from the Initiative. They help the other Initiative teams to defeat and capture the Heavy Hitters' leader Prodigy.\n\nThe U-Foes play a role in the beginning of \"Siege\", when Osborn sends them to fight Volstagg. The resulting clash leads to Volstagg being (falsely) blamed for destroying Soldier Field and killing thousands, and giving Osborn the excuse to start a war with Asgard. With the help of other villains, they bring down Thor after attacked by the Sentry. When Osborn is defeated, the whole team surrenders and is then incarcerated.\n\nDuring the \"Opening Salvo\" part of the \"Secret Empire\" storyline, the U-Foes are among the villains recruited by Baron Helmut Zemo to join the Army of Evil.\n\nAfter Gamma Flight quit working for Henry Peter Gyrich due to his obnoxious attitude, he hired the U-Foes to go after Hulk in exchange for full pardons for their past crimes. When Hulk was hiding in New York City, the U-Foes attacked him and took turns fighting him. The fight was briefly stopped when Vector accidentally sent Hulk flying to New Jersey. When the U-Foes caught up to Hulk, X-Ray used his anti-gamma rays to apparently kill Hulk. However, the anti-gamma rays had caused Hulk to turn into a variation of Red Hulk which enabled Joe Fixit and Savage Hulk to escape the Below-Place. This resurrected Hulk in a full-powered state. Hulk proceeded to badly injure Ironclad and turned Vapor's sulfuric gas form onto Vector enough to blind him. In a panic, Vector sent Hulk flying into Manhattan. Gyrich reprimanded the U-Foes for letting Hulk get away. X-Ray and Vapor blamed Gyrich for having his retrieval team take too long to get them.\n\nThe U-Foes later raided Empire State University searching for something where they are attacked by Spider-Man and Scarlet Spider. On Vector's orders, Vapor and X-Ray caused a radiation fallout that affected Spider-Man and not Scarlet Spider. This enabled the U-Foes to get away. With Peter Parker badly hospitalized and placed in a medically-induced coma, Ben Reilly became Spider-Man again, where he tracked down the U-Foes and defeated them.\n\nMembers\n\nVector\n\n Real Name: Simon Utrecht\n Power: Telekinesis, limited to attract or repel matter from his own body. Enormously powerful, as by focusing his power into blasts he was even capable of flaying most of the Hulk's skin and muscle tissue from his body when the latter resisted, and repelled the structure of reality itself within the 'Crossroads' nexus, with force he claimed was sufficient to hurl entire worlds. Was able to \"repel\" all scientific, telepathic and even magical attempts to discern the U-Foes' location upon broadcasting their attempted execution of the Hulk. Also capable of flight.\n Background: Simon Utrecht was a successful businessman, industrialist, and politician who craved more power. He used his resources to copy everything about the Fantastic Four's flight into space, and hired a crew in the hopes of gaining superpowers.\n\nVapor\n\n Real Name: Ann Darnell\n Powers: Has the power to alter her form into any known gas, usually the most lethal poison she can imagine while invading an opponent's body. Vapor can transform into her fully human state for only brief periods, and is vulnerable to having her gaseous form scattered by strong winds or explosive force.\n Background: Ann Darnell is Jimmy Darnell's older sister. She was hired by Simon Utrecht to be the life-support technologist on his space ship. During the \"Acts of Vengeance\" storyline, Vapor tried to kill the Scarlet Witch.\n\nX-Ray\n\n Real Name: James \"Jimmy\" Darnell\n Powers: Has been permanently transformed into a living energy field, intangible and immune to most physical harm although his powers cannot affect lead. Has the power to expel various forms of heavy radiation in the form of very potent blasts, shown capable of hurting even the Hulk, and severely weakening Thor when combined with three other energy blasts and the ability to fly in supersonic speed, or turn invisible. He has also been able to emit negative-gamma rays that turn the Hulk back into Bruce Banner, but this is only effective so long as he is conscious.\n Background: James Darnell is the younger brother of Ann Darnell. He was hired by Simon to be the spaceship's fuel-propulsion engineer.\n\nIronclad\n\n Real Name: Michael \"Mike\" Steel\n Powers: Permanently transformed into organic metal similar to the X-Man Colossus. Superhuman strength, durability, and the ability to increase or decrease his own weight, hovering in the air, or crushing like a mountain. Ironclad's form was initially composed of jagged folds of metal; however, after briefly losing control of his weight-altering powers and sinking deep into the Earth's crust, he emerged with his body smoothed and polished by the friction of his passage.\n Background: Michael Steel is a scientist, engineer, and skilled pilot. He was hired by Simon to pilot his spaceship. he helped his comrades defeat their enemies multiple times after he changed to a great team man.\n\nOther versions\n\nJLA/Avengers\nIn JLA/Avengers, X-ray is among the enthralled villains defending Krona's stronghold when the heroes assault it in #4. He is seen fighting Captain Atom.\n\nUltraverse\nIn Malibu's Ultraverse, there exists a different Ironclad who was part of the New Exiles and Ultraforce.\n\nFuture Imperfect\nVapor appears in an alternate future where the Hulk became the despotic ruler known as the Maestro. After waking in an A.I.M. laboratory in a dystopian future, the Hulk found Vapor and the Abomination in suspended animation cells. He briefly wondered if the other U-Foes were among the captives. The Hulk later freed Vapor and recruited her to assist him in killing Hercules, going by the name of the Maestro. Vapor seduced Hercules, then killed him by transforming into arsine and suffocating him. Believing her to be a future threat, the Hulk froze Vapor and smashed her to pieces. He ordered his soldiers to bury each of the shards individually so that Vapor could not re-integrate herself.\n\nIn other media\n\nTelevision\n The U-Foes appear in The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes, with Vector voiced by Cam Clarke and Vapor voiced by Colleen O'Shaughnessey while X-Ray and Ironclad had no dialogue. In the episode \"Hulk Vs. the World\", Vapor, Vector, X-Ray cameo the Cube's inmates while Ironclad was possibly seen from the back (but it is unclear whether or not it was him) but all their blood samples were seen. The U-Foes later return in the episode \"Gamma World Pt. 1\" to distract the Avengers from destroying the Gamma Dome Generator. The U-Foes' powers are increased by Gamma Boosters made by the Leader. In the end, they are defeated along with the Wrecking Crew and Zzzax when Black Panther destroys the generator.\n The U-Foes appear in Avengers: Ultron Revolution, with Vector voiced by Glenn Steimbaum, Vapor voiced by Catherine Taber, X-Ray voiced by Jeremy Kent Jackson, and Ironclad voiced by Eric Ladin. Backed by HYDRA, four scientists ride a spaceship into a cosmic gamma storm. In their self-titled episode, their spaceship threatens to crash into Vista Verde, but the Hulk ends up redirecting it. Upon emerging from the spaceship, the scientists discover their powers and take the U-Foes name because their spaceship resembled a UFO. Unwittingly mentioning HYDRA's involvement up front, the Hulk ends up attacking them, only to be subdued. Heading to HYDRA's base, the HYDRA agents are informed by the U-Foes that they will lead HYDRA as the Avengers attack. The U-Foes fight while the HYDRA Agents download everything top secret before escaping. Later on, the U-Foes and HYDRA infiltrate an abandoned S.H.I.E.L.D. base and steal an old-fashioned Helicarrier. While preventing the crashlanding Helicarrier from heading into a nuclear power plant, the Avengers trick the U-Foes into going into a room where they were subdued by knockout gas.\n\nVideo games\n The U-Foes appear in The Incredible Hulk: The Pantheon Saga.\n The U-Foes appear in The Incredible Hulk video game, with Vector voiced by S. Scott Bullock, Vapor voiced by Rachael MacFarlane, X-Ray voiced by Keith Ferguson, and Ironclad voiced by Mitch Lewis. While Ironclad and Vapor appear virtually identical to their comic book incarnations, X-Ray is presented as glowing green with a silhouette of his skeletal structure visible through his flesh, and Vector retains a normal human appearance rather than being physically transformed. In this version, their original intention was to duplicate the accident that created the Hulk using atmospheric rather than gamma radiation. Their rage is subsequently directed at the Hulk due to him destroying the antenna that was gathering the radiation. The U-Foes attack the Hulk, but he defeats all of them. After the Hulk leaves the area, the U-Foes recover and decide if Hulk interferes with them again, they will kill him. After playing through the initial battle with the U-Foes in the game's story mode, the villains occasionally appear, individually or in pairs, in different parts of the city as random encounters in sandbox mode. Ironclad can also be unlocked as a playable character skin if the player can manipulate one of the other U-Foes (Vector, X-Ray, Vapor) into injuring another during an encounter.\n The U-Foes are featured in the Playdom game Marvel Avengers Alliance as recurring bosses.\n X-Ray appears as a playable character in the game Lego Marvel's Avengers.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nComics characters introduced in 1980\nMarvel Comics supervillain teams\nCharacters created by Bill Mantlo\nCharacters created by Sal Buscema\nCharacters created by Al Milgrom\nCharacters created by Jim Shooter", "William of Capraia (died 1264) was the regent for Marianus II of Arborea from 1241 until his death, being entitled \"Judge\" from 1250 on.\n\nBiography\nHe was the son of Ugo degli Alberti of the Counts of Capraia and Bina, the first wife of Peter I of Arborea, whom he divorced in 1191 and who subsequently remarried (1193).\n\nWhen Peter II of Arborea died in 1241, William immediately assumed the regency with the alliance of the Gherardeschi, counts of Donoratico, and the Visconti. On 29 September 1250, Pope Innocent IV recognised his sovereignty in Arborea, though the Corona de Logu never did.\n\nIn 1257, William led Arborea, along with Gallura and Logudoro, the Pisan giudicati, into a war against Genoese Cagliari. After fourteen months of war, the deposed judge of Cagliari, Salusio VI, was forced to flee and his giudicato was divided up between the victors: a third to Gallura, a third to Arborea, and a third to the Gherardeschi of Pisa. Salusio's capital, Santa Igia, was destroyed. Ogliastra and Sarrabus went to John Visconti of Gallura, while the curatori of Gippi, Nuraminis, Trexenta, Marmilla inferiore, Dolia, Gerrei, and Barbagia di Seulo went to Arborea. Sulcis, Cixerri, Nora, and Decimo were granted to Gherardo and Ugolino della Gherardesca, counts of Donoratico, while Cagliari itself went to the commune of Pisa. By its expansion into the interior of the island, Arborea ensured its long-term survival in the face of external foes.\n\nNext, William pressed his claims to Logudoro – derived from Hugh I of Arborea, who was a uterine brother of Marianus II of Logudoro – by arms. In 1259, he entered into a lifelong battle with the Doria of Genoa after the death of Adelasia, the last ruler of the native dynasty in Logudoro.\n\nWhen he died in 1264, William left the regency-judgeship to his son Nicholas.\n\n1264 deaths\nJudges (judikes) of Arborea\nRegents of Italy\nYear of birth unknown" ]

[ "Cardiff RFC", "Rebel season" ]

[ "BK Havlíčkův Brod (until 2015 known as HC Rebel Havlíčkův Brod) is an ice hockey team in Havlíčkův Brod, Czech Republic. Until the 2014-15 season, the club played in the Czech 1. Liga, however, the team was relegated to the Czech 2. liga at the end of the season. The club was founded in 1928.\n\nAchievements\nCzech 2.liga champion: 1993, 2006.\n\nExternal links\n Official site\n Rebel Hearts, the official fanclub of the team\n\nIce hockey teams in the Czech Republic\nIce hockey clubs established in 1928\nSport in Havlíčkův Brod", "Cockney Rebel (16 March 2004 – 23 March 2021) was an Irish-bred, British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and sire, best known for winning both the 2000 Guineas Stakes and the Irish 2,000 Guineas in the spring of 2007. He died on 23 March 2021.\n\nBackground\nCockney Rebel was a son of Val Royal, winner of the Breeders' Cup Mile (G1) at Belmont Park in New York in 2001. Val Royal's time, 1:32.0, established a new record for the Breeders' Cup Mile and still stands as the second fastest time in the history of the championship race. Val Royal was trained by multiple champion trainer André Fabre in France, where he won the Prix Guillaume d'Ornano (G2) and Prix de Guiche (G3), and by Julio Canani after being exported to California.\n\nVal Royal's sire Royal Academy also won the Breeders' Cup Mile (G1), ridden to victory by Lester Piggott at Belmont Park in 1990. Trained by Dr Vincent O'Brien Royal Academy was a son of the outstanding racehorse and stallion Nijinsky II, also trained by O'Brien and voted European Horse of the Year.\n\nCockney Rebel's dam Factice, was a winning daughter of European champion miler Known Fact. She raced just twice and as was sold as a broodmare for 240,000 guineas at the Tattersalls December Sales in 1993. Factice was a descendant of the broodmare Rare Exchange, a half-sister of the Belmont Stakes winner Jaipur.\n\n2006: two-year-old season\nAs a juvenile Cockney Rebel won his maiden at Newmarket in uncomplicated fashion before stepping up in class to finish second in the Class 2 St Leger Yearling Stakes at York. His final start ended in a third place in Doncaster's Group 2 Champagne Stakes where he was beaten by the high class Vital Equine.\n\n2007: three-year-old season\nCockney Rebel, ridden by Olivier Peslier, was a 25-1 chance for the 2000 Guineas (G1) at Newmarket in 2007, but beat Vital Equine, his Champagne Stakes (G2) conqueror, by a length and a half. He proved that there was no fluke about the result when he followed up in the Irish 2,000 Guineas (G1) at The Curragh three weeks later, in similarly impressive style. He only the second horse in the previous 15 years (and the sixth in racing history) to win both the English and Irish 2000 Guineas Classics. The last horse to achieve the double Guineas feat was Rock of Gibraltar – who ran a slower time than Cockney Rebel in both races.\n\nA very sharp miler, Cockney Rebel clocked the second fastest time (1:36.1) since modern timings began in the Irish 2,000 Guineas. He beat winners of nine Group One races, including the locally trained champion Duke Of Marmalade, in this classic. His time in the 2,000 Guineas at Newmarket was also excellent, as he stopped the clocks in 1:35.2, the best time in the historic classic since 1995. This time was over two seconds faster than the time superstar Frankel recorded in the same event in 2012.\n\nSadly, Cockney Rebel suffered a pelvic injury when beaten as the even money favourite in the St James's Palace Stakes at Ascot and this proved to be his final race. He had been reported to be working well ahead of his planned reappearance but suffered a bizarre injury on the gallops when a piece of paper blew across the field and hit his near fore on the tendon. The news that it would take three months to heal prompted his connections to retire him.\n\nStud record\nHe retired to stud in 2008 to The National Stud in Newmarket. In 2013 he moved to France and was standing in Normandy at Haras de Saint Arnoult. The most successful of his progeny to date has been the hurdler Cockney Sparrow.\n\nPedigree\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Career 1-2-3 Colour Chart – Cockney Rebel\n\n2004 racehorse births\n2021 racehorse deaths\nRacehorses bred in Ireland\nRacehorses trained in the United Kingdom\nIrish Classic Race winners\nThoroughbred family 8-c\n2000 Guineas winners" ]

[ "Cardiff RFC", "Rebel season", "When was the rebel season?", "In 1990, the unofficial Welsh championship was replaced by a league structure involving promotion and relegation." ]

[ "Fred Miller (1873–?) was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Mountain Ash; and was the first player to represent an international team whilst at the club when he was selected for Wales in 1896. Miller later 'Went North', joining professional rugby league team Hull F.C.\n\nMiller was a collier by trade, working at Nixon's Navigation Colliery in Mountain Ash, and was described as a stalwart specimen of the Welsh collier.\n\nRugby career\nMiller was first selected to play for Wales while representing Mountain Ash at club level. He was chosen for the final game of the 1896 Home Nations Championship, against Ireland; one of only two new caps to be brought into the Welsh team along with Llewellyn Lloyd. Wales lost the game due to the Irish overcoming the Welsh kick-and-rush tactics employed by the forwards, and the next game Miller was replaced by Jack Rhapps.\n\nMiller found himself out of favour with the Welsh selectors until he was recalled four years later for the 1900 Championship replacing Llanelli's David Daniel. This was the beginning of the First Golden Age of Welsh rugby, and Miller was part of the team that won all three of the 1900 Championship games to lift the Triple Crown. Miller played in all three matches, and did enough to secure his reselection for the entire 1901 Home Nations Championship. Wales won the opener against England and the final game to Ireland, but were outclassed against Scotland at Inverleith. Miller was replaced in the 1902 tournament by Arthur Harding.\n\nInternational matches played\nWales\n 1900, 1901\n 1900, 1901\n 1896, 1900, 1901\n\nBibliography\n\nReferences \n\n1873 births\nHull F.C. players\nMountain Ash RFC players\nRugby league players from Powys\nRugby union forwards\nRugby union players from Powys\nWales international rugby union players\nWelsh miners\nWelsh rugby league players\nWelsh rugby union players\nYear of death missing", "The 2011–12 Welsh Premier League is the third season of the Women's Welsh Premier League, Wales' premier football league. Northop Hall Girls replaced Llandudno Junction Ladies in the Northern Conference.\n\nThe season kicked off on Sunday, 25 September 2011, with the final being played on 13 May 2012. It was the last season to feature a championship final, following the introduction of a 12-team league from the 2012–13 season. As a result of that, no team was relegated this year.\n\nClubs\n\nNorthern conference\n\nSouthern conference\n\nStandings\n\nChampionship final\nThe third (and final, due to league restructuring for 2012-13) Championship Final is the first to not include either Swansea City or Caernarfon Town. UWIC won the championship final against Wrexham and will represent Wales in the 2012–13 UEFA Women's Champions League.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nwelshpremier.com\nLeague at uefa.com\nwelsh-premier.com\nUnofficial website\n\nWelsh Premier Women's Football League seasons\nWelsh Premier League (Women)\nWomen\n1" ]

[ "Cardiff RFC", "Rebel season", "When was the rebel season?", "In 1990, the unofficial Welsh championship was replaced by a league structure involving promotion and relegation.", "Why was the Welsh championship replaced?", "Cardiff competed in top flight but could only manage a fourth-place finish in 1990-91, and exited the Cup at the quarter-final stage." ]

[ "The Ottawa Rebel was a team in the National Lacrosse League based in Ottawa, Ontario from 2001 until 2003. They initially played at the Corel Centre (now called the Canadian Tire Centre), but part-way through the 2002 season moved to the smaller, but centrally located, Ottawa Civic Centre. From 1997 until 2000 the team was located in Syracuse, New York and was called the Syracuse Smash.\n\nThe Rebel was owned by the Brad Watters group which also brought lacrosse to Toronto and Montreal.\n\nIn their first season in Ottawa the Rebel had one win and thirteen losses and finished last of nine teams. Their second season was slightly better, with four wins and twelve losses, but due to tie breakers they finished fourth in the Northern Division and thirteenth overall behind the Calgary Roughnecks, who also finished with a 4-12 record. In their third and final year in Ottawa they again had four wins and twelve losses, placing them fourth in the Northern Division again but tenth out of twelve in the overall league standings.\n\nAs the Syracuse Smash they were last overall all three years prompting the move to the Canadian capital.\n\nThe franchise became inactive after the 2003 season. In 2005, it was purchased by Bruce Urban and moved to Edmonton, Alberta, becoming the Edmonton Rush.\n\nAll time Record\n\n2000-01 schedule\n\n2001-02 schedule\n\n2002-03 schedule\n\nReferences\n\nDefunct National Lacrosse League teams\nReb\nLacrosse clubs established in 2001\nLacrosse clubs disestablished in 2003\n2001 establishments in Ontario\n2003 disestablishments in Ontario", "Arabian Knightz is an Egyptian hip hop trio from Cairo, Egypt that formed in 2005 consisting of Rush (Karim Adel), Sphinx (Hesham Abed), and E-Money (Ehab Adel). It is known for releasing \"Rebel feat. Lauryn Hill,\" one of the first songs released from Egypt following the internet censorship during the Egyptian revolution of 2011.\n\nFormation\nArabian Knightz formed in 2005 after current group members, Karim Adel a.k.a. Rush, and Hesham Abed a.k.a. Sphinx, met in Cairo after a hip hop concert. The last member, Ehab Adel a.k.a. E-Money, joined the group after collaborating with Rush on hip hop instrumentals and engaging in freestyle rap.\n\n\"Rebel\" During the Egyptian Revolution\nThe Arabian Knightz gained notoriety following the release of their single \"Rebel feat. Lauryn Hill\" the day internet was restored in Egypt. \"Rebel\" was finished during the revolution, but the group was told by the government to not release the song due to its lyrics being rebellious.\n\nDue to the protests in Egypt, the government blocked the country's internet. In early February 2011, the internet was restored and the Arabian Knightz were one of the first Egyptian artists to release a song online. The website they released \"Rebel\" on was mideasttunes.com, a platform for underground musicians in the Middle East to release their music.\n\nThemes and Reception of \"Rebel\"\nAccording to Sphinx, the message of \"Rebel\" is to stand up and rebel against the realities of Egyptian life. He states this can be done if individuals seek to \"rebel against oppression, to rebel against the divide and conquer of our society, and to rebel against the dumbing of our people. As humans we all need to stand up against such things whenever we see them. And, as Muslims we are demanded to do so by God. We all need to do what we can to speak out against the wrongs of the world.\"\n\nFollowing the release of \"Rebel,\" many news outlets such as Rolling Stone, Cairo West/East magazine, The Wall Street Journal, CBC News and The Washington Post composed write-ups on the song and its impact on Egyptians and the Egyptian revolution of 2011.\n\nVancouver Media Co-op states in an article that the song was the anthem of the Egyptian revolution and that it stood \"as an emotionally empowering song that captures the heart, courage & spirit of the Egyptian people currently embattled in a Revolution against an oppressive leadership.\"\n\nDUBCNN states in an article that \"Arabian Knightz have been considered the Public Enemy or NWA of Egypt. Their music has been the theme of the Egyptian Revolution, and as active participants in the Tahrir Square's revolution, the trio's album has been long over due.\"\n\nDebut album\nThe Arabian Knightz released their first LP \"Uknighted State of Arabia,\" on 21 August 2012 following the Egyptian revolution of 2011 and the success of \"Rebel\". The release was possible due to gaining a \"secured international distribution for the album through iTunes and Amazon\" and also through \"a guerrilla distribution network to provide physical copies of the record to fans inside Egypt.\" Following the release, the album reached the top 200 on iTunes.\n\nDiscography\n\nUknighted State of Arabia (2012)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nFacebook\nTwitter\nYouTube\nRecord Label\n\nEgyptian musical groups\nEgyptian hip hop groups" ]

[ "Cardiff RFC", "Rebel season", "When was the rebel season?", "In 1990, the unofficial Welsh championship was replaced by a league structure involving promotion and relegation.", "Why was the Welsh championship replaced?", "Cardiff competed in top flight but could only manage a fourth-place finish in 1990-91, and exited the Cup at the quarter-final stage.", "What was their record during the rebel season?", "beating league runners-up and Cup champions Llanelli 43-0 at the Arms Park and beating league champions Neath 18-4 away in the last game of the season." ]

[ "The 2007 FedEx Cup Playoffs were held from August 23 to September 16. They consisted of four events. The events in order are The Barclays, Deutsche Bank Championship, BMW Championship and The Tour Championship. These were the first FedEx Cup playoffs being held. Tiger Woods won the playoffs and took home $10,000,000.\n\nThe point distribution can be seen here.\n\nRegular season rankings\n\nFor the full list see here\n\nThe Barclays\nThe Barclays was played August 23–26. 144 players were eligible to play but 6 of them did not enter. Of the 138 players who entered the tournament, 75 of them made the cut. The cut was even par. Steve Stricker won by shooting −16 to win the first ever FedEx Cup playoff event. Tiger Woods did not participate in the tournament. The top 120 players in the points standings advanced to the Deutsche Bank Championship.\n\nFull leaderboard\n\nDeutsche Bank Championship\nThe Deutsche Bank Championship was played from August 31 to September 3. 120 players were eligible to play but 4 of them did not enter. Of the 116 players who entered the tournament, 75 of them made the cut. The cut was 1 over-par. Phil Mickelson won by shooting −16. Tiger Woods finished tied for 2nd, two strokes behind Mickelson. The top 70 players in the points standings advanced to the BMW Championship.\n\nFull leaderboard\n\nBMW Championship\nThe BMW Championship was played September 6–9. 70 players were eligible to play but three of them did not enter. There was no cut for this tournament. Tiger Woods won by shooting −22. This was Tiger's 60th win on the PGA Tour. The top 30 players in the points standings advanced to The Tour Championship.\n\nFull leaderboard\n\nThe Tour Championship\nThe Tour Championship was played September 13–16. All 30 players eligible to play did so. There was no cut for this tournament. Tiger Woods won by shooting −23. This was Tiger's 61st win on the PGA Tour. He also won the FedEx Cup.\n\nFull leaderboard\n\nFinal leaderboard\n\nFor the full list see here\n\nTable of qualifying players\n\nTable key:\n\nFedEx Cup\nFedEx Cup Playoffs", "Lana Vey (born April 6, 1984, in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan) is a Canadian curler from Regina, Saskatchewan.\n\nVey had no prior national championship experience when she was picked up to play third for Jan Betker for the 2006–07 season to replace Joan McCusker. However, the team had quite a successful season, going all the way to the 2007 Scotties Tournament of Hearts final, but losing to Kelly Scott's rink in the final.\n\nAfter the season, Vey was picked up to play lead for the Stefanie Lawton rink. She would find success on that team as well. While they failed to win the provincial championship that year, they did qualify for the 2008 Canada Cup of Curling, which they won. The following season, the Lawton rink did win the provincial championship, and finished in fourth place at the 2009 Scotties Tournament of Hearts in Victoria, British Columbia. She played third for Michelle Englot for the 2010–2011 season.\n\nExternal links\n \n\nLiving people\n1984 births\nCurlers from Saskatoon\nCurlers from Regina, Saskatchewan\nCanadian women curlers\nCanada Cup (curling) participants" ]

[ "Talking Heads", "1978-1980: Collaborations with Eno" ]

[ "\"King's Lead Hat\" is a song written by Brian Eno, released in 1977 as the fifth track from his album Before and After Science. The title is an anagram of \"Talking Heads\". In 1978, a remixed version of the song was released as a single backed by \"R.A.F.\", a collaboration with Snatch.\n\nRock critic Lester Bangs described the song \"King's Lead Hat\" as a track that emphasises \"Eno's affinities with new wave in its rushed mechanical rhythms\". Eno would later produce Talking Heads' second, third and fourth albums, including Remain in Light (1980).\n\nCultural influences\nThe film Survivor shows a London pub with the name \"King's Lead Hat\" at approximately 26 minutes into the film.\n\nCover versions\n 1980 – Ultravox\n\nReferences\n\n1977 songs\nBrian Eno songs\nBritish new wave songs\nSongs written by Brian Eno\nTalking Heads\nAnagrams", "This article contains a comprehensive collection of information related to recordings by Scottish-American composer, musician, and producer David Byrne, former singer for Talking Heads.\n\nTalking Heads\n\nByrne appeared on every release by Talking Heads, including their studio albums:\n\nAnd the live albums:\n\nSolo career\nWhile recording with Talking Heads, Byrne started working on collaborations and albums without the band.\n\nStudio albums\n\n \"—\" denotes albums that were released but did not chart, albums not released in a particular territory, or chart information is not available.\n\nSoundtracks and music for theater\n\n \"—\" denotes albums that were released but did not chart, albums not released in a particular territory, or chart information is not available.\n\nIn addition to the scores and soundtracks that have been released as albums, Byrne has written music for several other productions:\nDead End Kids: A Story of Nuclear Power by Joanne Akalaitis\nMain title theme for Alive from Off Center season 1 (1984)\nSomething Wild by Jonathan Demme: \"Loco de Amor\" song co-written with Johnny Pacheco; sung with Celia Cruz backed by Ray Barretto's band (1986)\nMarried to the Mob by Jonathan Demme (1988)\nA Young Man's Dream and a Woman's Secret by Philip Haas (1990)\nThe Giant Woman and the Lightning Man by Philip Haas (1990)\n\nLive albums\n{| class=\"wikitable\"\n!rowspan=\"2\"| Year\n!rowspan=\"2\"| Album details\n!colspan=\"2\"| Peak chart positions\n!rowspan=\"2\"| Notes\n|-\n!| US\n!| UK\n|-\n|1993\n| Between the Teeth\nReleased: 1993\n|align=\"center\"| —\n|align=\"center\"| —\n|Released on VHS\n|-\n|2001\n| David Byrne Live at Union Chapel\nReleased: 2004-10-26\nLabels: Nonesuch\n|align=\"center\"| —\n|align=\"center\"| —\n|Released on DVD.\n|-\n|2007\n| Live from Austin, Texas\nReleased: 2007-10-02\nLabels: New West\n|align=\"center\"| —\n|align=\"center\"| —\n|Recorded on 2001-11-28 for Austin City Limits. Released on DVD and Compact Disc.\n|-\n|2009\n| Everything That Happens Will Happen on This Tour – David Byrne on Tour: Songs of David Byrne and Brian Eno\nReleased: May 11, 2009\nLabels: Todo Mundo\n|align=\"center\"| —\n|align=\"center\"| —\n|Recorded in 2008 during the Songs of David Byrne and Brian Eno Tour. Released on Compact Disc and digitally.\n|-\n|2012\n| Live at Carnegie Hall\nReleased: 2012-03-12\nLabels: Nonesuch\n|align=\"center\"| —\n|align=\"center\"| —\n|Recorded in 2004 with Caetano Veloso.\n|-\n|2018\n| '\"...The Best Live Show Of All Time\" —NMEReleased: December 11, 2018\nLabels: Nonesuch, Todo Mundo\n|align=\"center\"| —\n|align=\"center\"| —\n|Recorded at Brooklyn’s Kings Theatre in September 2018\n|}\n \"—\" denotes albums that were released but did not chart, albums not released in a particular territory, or chart information is not available.\n\nRemix albums\n\n \"—\" denotes albums that were released but did not chart, albums not released in a particular territory, or chart information is not available.\n\nSingles\n\"Regiment\" b/w \"America Is Waiting\" (with Brian Eno) – 1981\n\"The Jezebel Spirit\" (with Brian Eno) – 1981\n\"Big Blue Plymouth (Eyes Wide Open)\" – 1981\n\"The Last Emperor\" (with Ryuichi Sakamoto)  – 1987\n\"Make Believe Mambo\" – 1989\n\"Dirty Old Town\" – 1989\n\"The Forestry\" – 1991\n\"Hanging Upside Down\" – 1992\n\"She's Mad\" – 1992\n\"Girls on My Mind\" – 1992\n\"Angels\" – 1994\n\"Back in the Box\" – 1994\n\"Miss America\" – 1997\n\"Like Humans Do\" – 2001\n\"U.B. Jesus\" – 2001\n\"Strange Overtones\" (with Brian Eno) – 2008\n\"Who\" (with St. Vincent) – 2012\n\"Everybody's Coming to My House\" – 2018\n\n Collaborations \n\nCompilation appearances\n\nProduction\nTalking Heads produced or co-produced all their own music; in addition, Byrne has produced:\n\nOther projects\nByrne has released a handful of books, including Arboretum, a collection of sketches of some of his favorite trees, and The New Sins, a work about sin in the 21st century. He has also made several public art installations, speaking engagements on art and technology, and PowerPoint presentations. In addition to a recording career as a solo artist, he also founded the record labels Luaka Bop and Todo Mundo.\n\nReferences\n\nDiscography from DavidByrne.com\nDiscography from Discogs\n further reading: Sytze Steenstra: Song and Circumstance. The Work of David Byrne from Talking Heads to the Present''. New York and London: Continuum, 2010.\n\nDiscography\nAlternative rock discographies\nDiscographies of American artists\nProduction discographies\nDiscographies of British artists" ]

[ "Talking Heads", "1978-1980: Collaborations with Eno", "Did the Talking Heads make any albums with ENo?", "in collaboration with Eno--released My Life in the Bush of Ghosts, which incorporated world music and found sounds," ]

[ "Roger Eugene Eno (born in Woodbridge, England, in 1959) is an English ambient music composer. He is the brother of Brian Eno.\n\nEarly life and education\nRoger Eno began euphonium lessons at 12, and at 16 entered Colchester Institute to study music. On graduating, and after a period of busking in London (where he briefly shared a house with artists Mark Wallinger and Andy Dog), Eno returned to Colchester to run a music therapy course at a local hospital for people with learning difficulties.\n\nCareer\nIn 1983, he had his first recording experience when he recorded the album Apollo with his brother Brian Eno and Canadian producer and musician Daniel Lanois at Lanois' Grant Avenue Studios in Hamilton, Ontario. His first solo album, Voices, was released in 1985.\n\nAlthough mainly regarded as a pianist, Eno is a multi-instrumentalist and singer, as demonstrated on his later solo albums and collaborations. He has worked with several key artists apart from his brother including Bill Nelson, No-Man, Lol Hammond, Mads Arp, Peter Hammill, Gaudi, Tim Bowness and Michael Brook, the most successful of which was probably his co-written album The Familiar, with Kate St John.\n\nEno performs live on occasions and writes soundtracks. Much of his music has been used in films, including For All Mankind, Nine and a Half Weeks, Warm Summer Rain and The Jacket, while tracks have been used in advertisements, including for Nissan and for Japan Railways.\n\nEno has recorded solo albums for, and established an online shop via, the UK-based internet label Burning Shed. In 2007, he contributed to the Mid/Air LP by Dive Index, a collaborative music project of composer/producer Will Thomas.\n\nIn 2013 Eno released the album, Endless City / Concrete Garden, under the name Roger Eno / Plumbline. and a collection of Eno's work from 1988 to 1998, Little Things Left Behind.\n\nIn 2015, Eno featured playing piano on two tracks (\"A Boat Lies Waiting\" and \"Beauty\") on David Gilmour's solo album, Rattle That Lock.\n\nOn 10 November 2017, Eno released a solo album, This Floating World, on Recital Records.\n\nOn 23 June 2019, he performed at the Dark Mofo in Hobart, Tasmania.\n\nRoger performed for the first time with his brother Brian at the Acropolis on 4 August 2021.\n\nDiscography\nApollo (with Brian Eno & Daniel Lanois) (Virgin) – 1983\nVoices (EG Records, Virgin) – 1985\nBetween Tides (All Saints Records) – 1988\nMusic for Films III (Opal Records) – 1988\nIslands (with Laraaji) (Voiceprint Records, La Cooka Ratcha) – 1989\nIn a Room (with Harmonia Ensemble) – 1993\nThe Familiar (with Kate St John) (All Saints Records) – 1993\nAutomatic (as part of Channel Light Vessel) (All Saints Records) – 1994\nHarmonia meets Zappa (with Harmonia Ensemble) (Materiali Sonori) – 1994\nLost In Translation (All Saints Records) – 1995\nThe Night Garden (Voiceprint Records, La Cooka Ratcha) – 1995\nSwimming (All Saints Records) – 1996\nExcellent Spirits (as part of Channel Light Vessel) (All Saints Records) – 1996\nThe Music of Neglected English Composers (Voiceprint Records, Resurgence) – 1997\nThe Flatlands (All Saints Records) – 1998\nDamage (with Lol Hammond) (All Saints Records) – 1999\nThe Appointed Hour (with Peter Hammill) (FIE! Records) – 1999\nClassical Music for Those with No Memory (with Garosi, Puliti, Odori) – 2000\nThe Long Walk (Voiceprint Records, La Cooka Ratcha) – 2000\nGetting Warmer (Burning Shed Records) – 2002\n18 Keyboard Studies By Hans Friedrich Micheelsen (Opal Records) – 2002\nFragile (Music) (Burning Shed Records) – 2005\nAt Lincoln Cathedral: Roger Eno (Live) – 2005\nTransparencies (with Plumbline) – 2006\nAnatomy (Burning Shed Records) – 2008\nFlood (Burning Shed Records) – 2008\nLux (Warp) – 2012\nTed Sheldrake (Backwater Records) - 2012\nEndless City / Concrete Garden (with Plumbline) – 2013\nRattle That Lock (David Gilmour) – Columbia Records – 2015\nThis Floating World (Recital Records) – 2017\nDust of Stars (Painted World Music) – 2018\nMixing Colours (with Brian Eno) – (Deutsche Grammophon) – 2020\nThe Turning Year – (Deutsche Grammophon) – releasing April 22, 2022\n\nSee also\nList of ambient music artists\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Burning Shed Records\n\nEnglish composers\nEnglish buskers\nPeople from Woodbridge, Suffolk\n1959 births\nLiving people\nAll Saints Records artists\nVirgin Records artists\nDeutsche Grammophon artists", "James Crossley Eno (1827/28 – 11 May 1915) was a 19th-century British pharmacist known for compounding and selling a brand of fruit salt that is still popular today as an antacid.\n\nBiography\nJames Crossley Eno was born in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, the son of James Eno and Elizabeth Eno, who kept a small general shop. He apprenticed as a druggist and, at the end of his apprenticeship in 1846, joined the staff of a local infirmary as dispenser of prescriptions.\n\nAt some point he met the Newcastle physician Dennis Embleton, who often prescribed an effervescent compound of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid. Mixtures of this type, combining a fruit acid with a carbonate or tartrate, were known as fruit salts, and they were marketed for a wide range of ailments, only a few of which (e.g. indigestion) they could actually ameliorate. Eno set up his own pharmacy in the Groat Market area of the city and in 1852 began selling his own fruit salt mixture. Eno gave away his compound to seafarers at the port, and in this way the name Eno became associated with fruit salts around the world. In 1868, he formally founded the company Eno's \"Fruit Salt\" Works.\n\nWith the success of his product, Eno's business outgrew its premises and in 1876 he established a larger factory in the New Cross district of London. He himself eventually settled in Dulwich. Eno died in 1915 in London at the age of 87.\n\nEno's success spawned many competitors in both Great Britain and the United States, but Eno's Fruit Salt continued to be popular. As the pharmaceutical industry moved away from cure-all patent medicines in the mid 20th century, Eno's Fruit Salt became one of the only surviving products of its kind. Currently owned by GlaxoSmithKline, Eno's Fruit Salt is today sold as an antacid, and its main ingredients are now sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, and citric acid. Its main market is in India.\n\nPersonal life\nEno married Elizabeth Ann Cooke in 1852 and they had a daughter, Amy (1855-1942). Amy married Harold William Swithinbank (1858-1928). Eno's granddaughter, Dame Isobel Cripps (1891-1979), was an overseas aid organizer, his great-granddaughter, Peggy Cripps, was a children's book author, and his great-great-grandson Kwame Anthony Appiah is a professor of philosophy at Princeton University.\n\nLegacy\nA ward in the Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, was known for a time as the J. C. Eno Ward.\n\nSee also\nAntacid\n\nNotes and references\n\n1915 deaths\nBritish pharmacists\nBritish company founders\nYear of birth uncertain" ]

[ "Talking Heads", "1978-1980: Collaborations with Eno", "Did the Talking Heads make any albums with ENo?", "in collaboration with Eno--released My Life in the Bush of Ghosts, which incorporated world music and found sounds,", "Did they tour at all with Eno?", "I don't know." ]

[ "Ambient 2: The Plateaux of Mirror is a 1980 studio album by Harold Budd and Brian Eno. A work of ambient music, it is the second installment of Eno's Ambient series, which began in 1978 with Ambient 1: Music for Airports. Ambient 2 consists mainly of minimalist composer Budd playing improvisational piano in soundscapes produced by Eno. The album received positive reviews and lead to Budd and Eno collaborating again for the sonically similar The Pearl (1984).\n\nBackground and production \n\nHarold Budd and Brian Eno had previously worked together on The Pavilion of Dreams (1978) after British composer Gavin Bryars introduced the pair. After returning from a four-month trip to Thailand, Eno began work with Budd on Ambient 2. The album was recorded in Hamilton, Ontario.\n\nEno explained production as mostly Budd improvising \"in a sound-world [Eno] had created\". The music was improvised by Budd while Eno managed the \"sound\". He would set up the piano to be treated with electronic equipment, and then Budd would improvise with it. Budd was able to listen to the processed sound as he played the acoustic pianos in the studio. He discovered, as he played, how to best manipulate the treated piano, finding the best register and speed to play at, and how to make it resonate. Budd described using choral and delay effects in extreme unintended ways: \"you're hearing the effect as the sound itself, rather than using them to industry standards\". The project was the first time Budd experienced the concept of using the studio as a compositional tool. \n\nAccording to Budd, production came \"so quickly and so easily that it was kind of a phantom, you thought you could do thirty more of those with the same joie de vivre\". However, after completing their later collaboration The Pearl (1984), Budd came to think of The Pearl as more \"focused\", and Ambient 2 as a naive album.\n\nCritical reception \n\nAllMusic reviewer Dave Connolly described Ambient 2 as \"a lovely, evocative work\". Pitchforks Liam Singer wrote, \"The Plateaux matches Eno's other ambient albums in its moments of deep beauty, though it does little to mute the human presence. One gets the feeling that Harold Budd was after something slightly different from Eno, as his playing seems a bit busy under the concept at hand. Still, left on in the background, Plateaux is a light-filled album that accomplishes the goal of transforming its environment.\" Mojo wrote that Budd's \"mix of lyricism and minimalism\" contrasted well with Eno's style, as if they were destined to collaborate. The Austin Chronicle wrote that Eno's treatments \"refract\" Budd's melodies, creating a prism-like effect and resulting in \"a panacea for a dim day or the conduit for a floodgate of buried sensations\".\n\nIn a more critical review, PopMatters wrote that Ambient 2 is \"intentionally banal...featureless... not designed to engage the listener on anything but a subconscious level. Trying to pay the music your full attention will result in nothing but frustration: nothing's really there.\" Stylus wrote that the listener can gather a sense that Eno and Budd were not able to settle on a style for the album.\n\nTrack listing\n\nAll tracks by Brian Eno and Harold Budd except \"Steal Away\", written by Budd and Eugene Bowen.\n\nPersonnel\n Harold Budd – acoustic and electric piano\n Brian Eno – other instruments, treatments, production, cover art\n Bob Lanois, Daniel Lanois, Eugene Bowen, Roddy Hui – special thanks\n\nReferences \n\nWorks cited\n \n \n\nHarold Budd albums\nBrian Eno albums\n1980 albums\nAlbums produced by Brian Eno\nE.G. Records albums\nAmbient albums by American artists\nAmbient albums by English artists\nCollaborative albums", "Judy Nylon is a widely influential multidisciplinary American artist who moved to London in 1970. She was half of the punk rock music group Snatch, which also featured fellow American expat Patti Palladin. Rock music aficionados living in New York City and London during the era spanning glam, punk and no wave are likely to appreciate her influence, the bulk of which has not been preserved in print nor on vinyl or CD. NMEs Paul Tickell proclaimed her LP Pal Judy (1982), coproduced by Nylon and Adrian Sherwood, \"a classic rainy day bit of sound and song to drift away to.\"\n\nNylon is the orderly, ergonomic Judy of Brian Eno's song \"Back in Judy's Jungle\", on his 1974 LP Taking Tiger Mountain (By Strategy). Moreover, in his legendary account of how the genesis of ambient music came about, which first appeared on the back cover of his 1975 LP Discreet Music, Eno anecdotally credits Nylon. Concomitantly during the '70s she often collaborated with Welsh musician/producer John Cale. In 1974 she sang the song \"The Man Who Couldn't Afford to Orgy\" on his album Fear. She subsequently performed with him at concerts and on other recordings, including his 1987 live album Even Cowgirls Get the Blues.\n\n\"R.A.F.\" (b/w \"Kings Lead Hat\"), a 1978 Eno song by Snatch and Eno (Polydor Records) that involves sound elements from a Baader Meinhof ransom message made by public telephone at the time of the Lufthansa Flight 181 hijacking, provides insight into Nylon's innovative sound montage/cut-up practice—as does the 1983 Snatch roundup LP Witch I, aided by Jon Savage's liner notes. Along with Patti Palladin she also sang backing vocals with Johnny Thunders' All Stars on his early 1978 shows, which also featured members of The Only Ones.\n\nNylon's current multi-disciplinary work focuses on international co-authorship and decentralized many-to-many style video storytelling. Since 2007 she has periodically contributed to the collective Aether9, who collaborate on multinational multi-streamed networked performances intending to develop low-cost, open-source, nomadic public art production.\n\nIn 2010, Nylon contributed guest vocals to the Babylon By Car album by the French electronica group Bot'Ox.\n\nOther information\nNylon appears in Eno's 1974 promotional video for his song \"China My China,\" from Taking Tiger Mountain (By Strategy).\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n, Jan. 16, 2016.\n, Feb. 13, 2016.\nJudy Nylon Collection on New York City Tenants' Rights, Fales Library and Special Collections at New York University\n\nNo wave musicians\nAmerican expatriates in the United Kingdom\nAmerican punk rock musicians\nBrian Eno\n1948 births\nLiving people\nWomen in punk" ]

[ "Talking Heads", "1978-1980: Collaborations with Eno", "Did the Talking Heads make any albums with ENo?", "in collaboration with Eno--released My Life in the Bush of Ghosts, which incorporated world music and found sounds,", "Did they tour at all with Eno?", "I don't know.", "How did they collaborate with Eno?", "This recording also established the band's long-term recording studio relationship with the famous Compass Point Studios in Nassau, Bahamas." ]

[ "The Encyclopedia of Public Health is a reference set of four volumes covering all aspects of public health for the lay reader. It covers infectious diseases and other topics related to public health, such as causes of injury or chronic diseases. The 900 articles are written by experts in this domain.\n\nTopics indirectly related but relevant to public health, such as the oath of Hippocrates, are covered. Controversial subjects are not avoided; an article on armed forces alcohol and drug abuse programs is followed by an article on arms control.\n\nIt has received the CHOICE 2002 award for Outstanding Academic Reference Title and has been listed in the Booklist/Reference Book Bulletin Editor's Choice of Outstanding Reference titles.\n\n2002 non-fiction books\nPublic Health\nPublic Health", "The structure of observed learning outcomes (SOLO) taxonomy is a model that describes levels of increasing complexity in students' understanding of subjects. It was proposed by John B. Biggs and Kevin F. Collis.\n\nThe model consists of five levels of understanding:\n Pre-structural – The task is not attacked appropriately; the student hasn't really understood the point and uses too simple a way of going about it. Students in the pre-structural stage of understanding usually respond to questions with irrelevant comments.\n Uni-structural – The student's response only focuses on one relevant aspect. Students in the uni-structural stage of understanding usually give slightly relevant but vague answers that lack depth.\n Multi-structural – The student's response focuses on several relevant aspects but they are treated independently and additively. Assessment of this level is primarily quantitative. Students in the multi-structural stage may know the concept in tidbits but don't know how to present or explain it. \n Relational – The different aspects have become integrated into a coherent whole. This level is what is normally meant by an adequate understanding of some topic. At the relational stage, students can identify various patterns & view a topic from distinct perspectives.\n Extended abstract – The previous integrated whole may be conceptualised at a higher level of abstraction and generalised to a new topic or area. At this stage, students may apply the classroom concepts in real life.\n\nSee also\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Teaching Teaching & Understanding Understanding (short-film about Constructive Alignment and The SOLO Taxonomy)\n\nEducational technology\nEducational classification systems\nStage theories" ]

[ "Tod Browning", "Sound films" ]

[ "From Hell to Texas is a 1958 color Western film directed by Henry Hathaway and starring Don Murray and Diane Varsi. The supporting cast features Chill Wills and Dennis Hopper. It is based on the novel The Hell Bent Kid by Charles O. Locke.\n\nPlot\nRuthless cattle baron Hunter Boyd orders his riders to capture a former ranch-hand, Tod Lohman, suspected of murdering one of Boyd's sons, Shorty.\n\nThe victim's brother, Otis Boyd, initiates a stampede to facilitate Lohman's capture, but Tod evades capture by driving the animals in an opposite direction. Later, Tod gets the drop on Otis's brother, Tom, who has been trailing him. Tod insists he did not kill Tom's brother, Shorty, and explains what did happen. Tod tells Tom to relay the truth to his family and sends him on his way. While trying one more time to kill Tod, Tom shoots the man's horse, instead, before retreating home.\n\nOn foot, Tod collapses near a river bank. He is found by rancher Amos Bradley and his daughter Juanita, who provide food and shelter. Juanita takes a liking to Tod, who is searching for his missing father; he was raised by his mother, who instilled in him biblical principles and lessons.\n\nTod departs the Bradley's, but is soon surrounded by Hunter Boyd and his men. In gratitude for not shooting Tom when he had the chance, Boyd permits Tod a horse and a four-hour head start, then resumes the chase.\n\nTod rides into the town of Socorro, where he discovers that his father has died. He visits Amos Bradley's ranch. While there, Nita and he fall in love. He knows he must keep running, but hopes to return permanently. Hunter Boyd, Tom, and a member of the posse confront Bradley and wound the old man when he will not let them search his home for Tod. This proves the last straw for Tod, who aborts his plan to flee and takes on the Boyds in town. During the gunfight, as ordered by his father, Tom shoots a chandelier in an attempt to douse the lighting. Tom is engulfed by the resulting flames. Tod's instincts take over and he saves Tom's life. An appreciative Hunter Boyd thus calls off the vendetta.\n\nCast\nDon Murray as Tod Lohman\nDiane Varsi as Juanita Bradley\nChill Wills as Amos Bradley\nDennis Hopper as Tom Boyd\nR.G. Armstrong as Hunter Boyd\nJay C. Flippen as Jake Leffertfinger\nMargo as Mrs. Bradley \nKen Scott as Otis Boyd \nJohn Larch as Hal Carmody\nHarry Carey, Jr. as Trueblood \nRodolfo Acosta as Bayliss\nMalcolm Atterbury as Hotel Clerk \n Julia Montoya as Manuela\nTom Greenway as Doctor \nDayton Lummis as Padre\nJon Lormer as Grizzled Man \nJames Philbrook as Barman\nHarry Fleer as Cowboy\n\nProduction\nWhen first offered the role of Tod Lohman, Don Murray turned it down, complaining that the script for \"The Hell-Bent Kid\" was \"filled with unnecessary violence.\" According to Hollywood columnist Hedda Hopper, the actor eventually agreed to appear in the movie, but only after a complete rewrite job was done, omitting all the elements that Murray complained about. The actor then began work by \"taking daily riding lessons to get in shape for the cowboy role.\"\n\nDennis Hopper, who had trained as a Method actor, walked off the set of From Hell to Texas several times over disagreements with director Henry Hathaway, who would continually order Hopper to \"get over there and hit your mark and say your lines like I tell ya.\" After shooting on the film was completed, Hopper acquired the reputation of being \"difficult.\" He was dropped from his Hollywood contract and did not return to films again until 1965, when he appeared in The Sons of Katie Elder. Ironically, that film was also directed by Henry Hathaway.\n\nHathaway has described the editing of From Hell to Texas in an oral history edited by Rudy Behlmer and conducted by production designer Polly Platt. It describes the role of Barbara McLean, then the head of the editing department at 20th Century Fox. After Ms. McLean's son, Johnny Ehrin, took over editing chores on the film while Hathaway was already at work directing another film, the director returned to the studio to look at the completed work and was aghast at what he saw. He contacted McLean, who took a look at her son's editing and was equally horrified. So she and Hathaway spent an entire weekend, with virtually no rest, re-editing the film. Hathaway concludes the story by judging McLean's work approvingly. He recalls thinking that her editing had made his western \"another movie. Just a complete other picture\".\n\nWriter Wendell Mayes said he thought it was a \"superb Western\" and enjoyed working with Hathaway.\n\nFox decided to change the title of the film from The Hell Bent Kid at late notice after advertising had been prepared as it was decided that the original title did not adequately describe the film's values and it might also be considered a B-movie.\n\nReception\nBosley Crowther, film critic for The New York Times, called the film \"a good, solid picture, not great in the class of High Noon, but full of continually lively action.\" Furthermore, the critic praised R. G. Armstrong's performance as \"first-rate.\" Yet Crowther also noted that From Hell to Texas was ultimately indistinguishable from the innumerable TV-western serials that, in 1958, flooded network television's prime-time schedule.\n\nMore recently, author John Howard Reid considered the film a disappointment, with \"weak and uninteresting\" characters. Moreover, Reid cited technical flaws such as \"obvious day-for-night lensing and glaring process screen backdrops\"\n\nFilm historian Chris Langley has grouped From Hell to Texas with two other Henry Hathaway westerns, Nevada Smith (1965) and True Grit (1969) to form what the writer calls \"Hathaway's Western revenge trilogy.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n1958 films\n1958 Western (genre) films\nFilms based on American novels\nFilms directed by Henry Hathaway\n20th Century Fox films\nFilms scored by Daniele Amfitheatrof\nFilms with screenplays by Wendell Mayes\nAmerican Western (genre) films\nAmerican films", "Outside the Law is a 1920 American crime film produced, directed and co-written by Tod Browning and starring Priscilla Dean, Lon Chaney and Wheeler Oakman.\n\nOne of a series of Universal Pictures vehicles produced for Priscilla Dean, Outside the Law features Lon Chaney in dual supporting roles and his second pairing with director Tod Browning.\n\nBrowning would remake the film in 1930 with a pre-Little Caesar Edward G. Robinson in Chaney's 1920 role as a gang leader.\n\nPlot\nSilent Madden, a criminal leader in San Francisco, and his gangster daughter Molly (Priscilla Dean) have forsaken a life of crime after receiving counsel from Chang Lo, a Confucianist philosopher living in Chinatown. A despicable gangster named Black Mike Sylva (Lon Chaney) frames Molly's father for murder, causing Molly to lose faith in abiding the law and prompting her return to a life of crime. Black Mike plots to double-cross Molly as well during a jewelry theft, but Molly gets word from her gangster lover and foils Black Mike's plans. While hiding out from the law, Molly's hard heart is slowly melted by her gangster lover. The film ends with a climactic shootout.\n\nProduction\nThe original print of Outside the Law was considerably longer in its original 1920 release. It was thought lost for some 50 years until a print was located in 1975. The newly found print was a 1926 re-release of the film by Universal after Chaney and Browning had moved over to MGM and achieved greater stardom. The only scenes from the original release that appear to be trimmed or whittled down are certain plot motivations by Chaney's Ah Wing character who originally had a bigger role in the story. The print exists in the Film Preservation Associates film collection and is available on DVD.\n\nCast\n Priscilla Dean as Molly Madden (Silky Moll)\n Wheeler Oakman as Dapper Bill Ballard\n Lon Chaney in a dual role as \"Black Mike\" Sylva / Ah Wing\n Ralph Lewis as Silent Madden\n E. Alyn Warren as Chang Lo\n Stanley Goethals as That Kid\n Melbourne MacDowell as Morgan Spencer\n Wilton Taylor as Inspector\n John George as Humpy (uncredited)\n Anna May Wong as Chinese Girl (uncredited)\n\nTheme\nOutside the Law is considered to be one of the first psychologically driven films in the gangster genre. The picture was the second film on which Browning worked with Lon Chaney. The contrasting dual roles Browning wrote for Chaney as a heroic Chinese servant and an evil gangster are considered to have solidified the long-lasting collaboration between the two. Outside the Law is one of only a handful of Browning's films that is not a horror film. The film has been commended for its strong female lead, saying actress \"Priscilla Dean in this picture is a film revelation... [she] goes to the fore and remains there...\" In contrast to many films of the period, it generally depicts its Chinese characters favorably, most notably by having characters invested in the Confucian teachings of the teacher character, Chang Lo.\n\nBrowning, a Freemason, frequently used religious themes in his pictures. Film historian Alfred Eaker describes Browning’s cinematic handling of Silky Moll’s redemptive epiphany: \n\nFilm critic Alec Charles remarks upon the significance of the “cross-kite” imagery that may foreshadow Soviet director Sergei Eisenstein’s use of crucifix configurations in Battleship Potemkin (1925) where two condemned sailors hang from the yardarms:\n\nSee also\n Anna May Wong on film and television\n\nFootnotes\n\nReferences\nCharles, Alec. 2006. Double Identify: Presence and Absence in the Films of Tod Browning, in The Films of Tod Browning, editor Bernd Herzogenrath Black Dog Publishing. pp. 79-93 \nEaker, Alfred. 2016. Tod Browning Retrospective https://alfredeaker.com/2016/01/26/todd-browning-director-retrospective/ Retrieved 26 February, 2021.\nRosenthal, Stuart. 1975. Tod Browning: The Hollywood Professionals, Volume 4. The Tantivy Press. \nTowlson, Jon. 2012. An Abomination on the Silver Sheet”: In Defence of Tod Browning’s Skill as a Director in the Sound Era (on Freaks). Bright Lights Film. https://brightlightsfilm.com/tod-browning-director-in-the-sound-era-analysis-of-the-opening-of-freaks/#.X_x2vmjYq00 Retrieved 15 January, 2021.\n Sobchack, Vivian. 2006. The Films of Tod Browning: An Overview Long Past in The Films of Tod Browning in The Films of Tod Browning, editor Bernd Herzogenrath, 2006 Black Dog Publishing. London. pp. 21-39.\n\nExternal links\n\n1920 films\n1920 crime films\nAmerican films\nAmerican crime films\nAmerican silent feature films\nAmerican black-and-white films\nFilms directed by Tod Browning\nUniversal Pictures films" ]

[ "Tod Browning", "Sound films", "What sound films did Tod produce?", "Browning was hired by his old employer Universal Pictures to direct Dracula (1931)." ]

[ "I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer is a 2006 American direct-to-video slasher film. The film is the third installment of I Know What You Did Last Summer franchise, but does not have any of the cast returning from the first two installments, thus making it a standalone sequel to I Still Know What You Did Last Summer. The film instead takes the basic myth of the series with a new set of characters. I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer was released on DVD on August 15, 2006.\n\nPlot\nIn 2005, Amber Williams, her boyfriend Colby Patterson and their friends Zoe, Roger, and P.J. stage a prank at the town carnival where Roger impersonates the \"Fisherman\" killer. Afterward, everyone sees P.J.'s body impaled on a tractor smokestack instead of mattresses that were supposed to break his fall. The public believes the Fisherman is behind it, and the friends burn the evidence and make a pact to keep it secret.\n\nOne year later in 2006, Amber returns to town to discover that Colby never left to pursue his scholarship. She goes up to the mountains where she encounters one of the officers who witnessed the accident, Deputy Haffner (K.C. Clyde). Later that night, Amber awakens to 50 text messages reading \"I know what you did last summer.\" She drives to Zoe's shack where Zoe allows Amber to sleep for the night. The next day they find Roger and Colby, but they angrily dismiss them when told about the messages. Amber is attacked on a ski-lift by someone wielding the hook.\n\nA drunken Roger contemplates suicide with the hook from the prank. When he investigates a noise, he is attacked and killed by the Fisherman. Colby is also attacked while swimming. They go to warn Roger and find him dead along with a suicide note and the hook. Deputy Haffner shows up and gets their statements. Afterward, they return to Amber's house to find pictures of them from the high school yearbook sliced up and stuck to the wall reading \"SOON\". They all stay at Zoe's place and find Lance, P.J.'s cousin, outside. He shows them a message engraved on his motorbike.\n\nThe night of Zoe's concert, after her performance, she, Amber, and Lance are attacked by the Fisherman. Zoe is stabbed and thrown over a balcony to her death. P.J's dad, the sheriff, comes in, only to be killed as well. The Fisherman then attacks Colby in a kitchen and hooks him in the mouth, killing him. Outside, Amber and Lance run into Deputy Haffner, who reveals that Roger told him about the accident. The Fisherman then advances towards Haffner and impales him on a forklift.\n\nAmber and Lance get into a car and run the fisherman down. He gets up and is revealed to be the undead Ben Willis, the man who committed the original murders 8 years ago. Willis attacks them but is cut with a hook by Amber and disappears. Amber and Lance go to face Willis, deducing that the hook will hurt him. They are chased into a warehouse. Amber then fights Willis and eventually stabs him in the head, and pushes him into a snow blower driven by Lance, killing Willis.\n\nA year later in 2007, Amber is driving across the desert when a tire blows out. She stops the car and loses reception. Willis appears behind her and the screen cuts to black as Amber's scream is cut off by the slicing sound of the hook, ending the film, leaving the viewers questioning that Willis has killed her.\n\nCast\n\n Brooke Nevin as Amber Williams\n David Paetkau as Colby Patterson\n Torrey DeVitto as Zoe Warner\n Ben Easter as Lance Jones\n Seth Packard as Roger Pack\n Clayton Taylor as P.J. Davis\n Michael Flynn as Sheriff Davis\n K. C. Clyde as Sheriff John Hafner\n Brittanie Nicole Leary as Kim\n Star LaPoint as Kelly\n Don Shanks as Fisherman / Ben Willis\n Junior Richard as Lone Performer\n Lira Williams as Anna\n\nProduction\nDirector Sylvain White was brought in as a last-minute replacement after the previous director was fired, and thus had to cast the film, prep the locations, and devise the shooting schedule within just two weeks. White did not use any CGI in the film, as he felt that gore looks much more realistic with practical effects than with CGI.\n\nMusic\nA soundtrack of the film was never released.\n\"LFL\" - performed by Goth Jones\n\"Colosseum\" - performed by The Bedbugs\n\"U Owe It 2 U\" - performed by Weapon of Choice\n\"I Want You\" - performed by FFF\n\"Body Rot\" - performed by Goth Jones\n\"Something I Haven't Thought Of...In Years\" - performed by Mazey Gordens & The Brick Hit House Band\n\"Business in the Front/Party in the Back\" - performed by Mazey Gordens & The Brick Hit House Band\n\"FFT\" - performed by Goth Jones\n\"One of Those Nights\" - performed by Junior\n\"Step to the Floor\" - performed by Illegal Substance\n\"Daredevil\" - performed by Weapons of Pleasure\n\"Between You and Me\" - performed by Suffrajett\n\"NY\" - performed by Suffrajett\n\nReception\n\nCritical response\nThe film received highly negative reviews from critics, criticising the plot, acting, editing and lack of originality. The film holds a 0% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on six reviews. Scott Weinberg of DVD Talk called it \"a 12th-generation knock-off that leeches off a flaccid little concept that was already withered and whiskered the first and second time around\". He described the directing, editing, script, and acting all as predictable and uninteresting, ultimately summarizing the film as \"not so much outrageously awful as it is deadly dry and dishwater dull\".\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n \n\n2006 films\n2006 direct-to-video films\n2006 horror films\n2000s slasher films\n2000s teen horror films\nAmerican films\nAmerican supernatural horror films\nAmerican teen horror films\nDestination Films films\nDirect-to-video horror films\nDirect-to-video sequel films\nFilms based on urban legends\nFilms directed by Sylvain White\nFilms produced by Neal H. Moritz\nFilms scored by Justin Burnett\nFilms set in 2005\nFilms set in 2006\nFilms set in 2007\nFilms set in Colorado\nFilms shot in Utah\nHoliday horror films\n3\nIndependence Day (United States) films\nMandalay Pictures films\nOriginal Film films\nSony Pictures direct-to-video films", "Hercules: Zero to Hero is a 1999 American animated fantasy television film produced by Walt Disney Television Animation. The film is a direct-to-video follow-up to 1997 animated feature Hercules. It was released on August 17, 1999. The film serves as a package film combining three episodes of Hercules: The Animated Series as flashback segments.\n\nPlot\nThe film briefly gives Hercules' history after defeating Hades (who off-screen succeeded in getting out of the River Styx and gave up his quest for the rule of Olympus), in which Hercules marries Meg and revisits his teenage years. In particular, it shows an adolescent Hercules's enrollment and the beginning of his adventures at the Prometheus Academy, a school for gods and mortals, which Hercules supposedly attended during the time when he was training to be a hero with his mentor, the satyr Philoctetes.\n\nVoice cast\nThe following characters appear as they did in the corresponding episodes that the film packaged.\n\n Tate Donovan as Hercules\n Susan Egan as Megara\n James Woods as Hades\n Corey Burton as Zeus\n Robert Costanzo as Philoctetes\n Frank Welker as Pegasus\n Bobcat Goldthwait as Pain\n Matt Frewer as Panic\n Paul Shaffer as Hermes\n Eric Stoltz as Theseus\n Richard Simmons as Physedipus\n Eric Idle as Parenthesis\n Sandra Bernhard as Cassandra\n French Stewart as Icarus\n Diedrich Bader as Adonis\n Jodi Benson as Helen of Troy\n Michael Dorn as Minotaur\n Paddi Edwards as Atropos\n Brad Garrett as Cyclops Head #1\n Wayne Knight as Cyclops Head #2\n Cheryl Freeman as Melpomene\n Bill Fagerbakke as Orthus\n Kathie Lee Gifford as Echidna\n\nReleases\nHercules: Zero to Hero was first released on home video on August 17, 1999.\n\nReception\nMichelle Erica Green of LittleReview gave the film a rating of B+, writing that while the film \"lacks the dazzling visuals of the feature film upon which it is based...it's hard not to be charmed\", adding \"the characters are all clever and original despite their mythic origins\". Conversely, Antagony & Ecstasy gave a scathing review, writing that as the film \"was assembled of four episodes of the Hercules cartoon that had already aired in 1998 and 1999\", it was \"perhaps the single grubbiest cash-in of [all the direct-to-video released]\", adding \"Zero to Hero was already going to be at such a low level of accomplishment even relative to other DTV projects\".\n\nIn a review, Vern Perry of the Orange County Register described the Disney formula as \"Just give 'em what they like. And keep it up.\", noting that's what the company has done with these two 1998/1999 releases. He added that this film benefited greatly from the return of some of the original voice cast including Tate Donovan and James Woods.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n \n\n1999 animated films\nAmerican children's animated adventure films\nAmerican children's animated fantasy films\nAmerican films\nHercules (franchise)\nDisney direct-to-video animated films\nDirect-to-video interquel films\n1999 films\n1999 direct-to-video films\n1990s American animated films\nDisney Television Animation films\nDisneyToon Studios animated films\nAnimated films based on classical mythology" ]

[ "Tod Browning", "Sound films", "What sound films did Tod produce?", "Browning was hired by his old employer Universal Pictures to direct Dracula (1931).", "What other films did he direct?", "After directing the boxing melodrama Iron Man (1931)," ]

[ "Submarine Raider is a 1942 American war film directed by Lew Landers and starring John Howard.\n\nPlot\n\nProduction\nBudd Boetticher was working as an assistant director at Columbia Pictures, notably to George Stevens on The More the Merrier. Harry Cohn took a liking to Boetticher and got him to direct the last two days of filming. Boetticher said it was a 12-day picture and recalled \"my God, I studied! I prepared every angle, I went over the script line by line, I prepared for those two days as if I were directing Gone With the Wind, because I didn't have any talent for it.\"\n\nBoetticher called Landers \"a no-talent guy. They called him the \"D\" director there at Columbia; he just wasn't any good. Whenever they had a picture they didn't really care about, they'd give it to Landers.\" He later performed a similar task on U-Boat Prisoner (1944).\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n Submarine Raider at TCMDB\n\n1942 films\nAmerican films\nEnglish-language films\nAmerican war drama films\nWorld War II films made in wartime\nColumbia Pictures films\nWorld War II films\nFilms directed by Lew Landers\n1940s war drama films\n1942 drama films\nAmerican black-and-white films\nFilms with screenplays by Aubrey Wisberg", "Gold Rush Daze is a 1939 Warner Bros. Merrie Melodies cartoon directed by Ben Hardaway and Cal Dalton. The short was released on February 25, 1939.\n\nPlot\n\nA dog-faced prospector drives to the hills to dig for gold. A local gas station attendant warns him that he is wasting his time, then goes on to tell the story of his own fruitless chase for gold; since 1849, he pursued strikes around the world and never had any success. The cartoon shows the attendant's various stops including the California Gold Rush, the Comstock Lode, and various other efforts globally that never (literally) pan out. Then, as the attendant finishes his story, a fellow rides up with news that there has indeed been gold found in the hills. The attendant steals the prospector's car to chase this rush, telling him he can have the gas station.\n\nIncluded in the film is a short, farcical musical number, “My Sweetheart Needs Gold for Her Teeth.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n1939 films\n1939 animated films\n1939 short films\nMerrie Melodies short films\nWarner Bros. Cartoons animated short films\nFilms directed by Ben Hardaway\nFilms directed by Cal Dalton\n1930s American animated films\nAmerican films\nAnimated films about dogs\nFilms set in 1849\nFilms about the California Gold Rush\nFilms scored by Carl Stalling\n1930s Warner Bros. animated short films" ]

[ "Tod Browning", "Sound films", "What sound films did Tod produce?", "Browning was hired by his old employer Universal Pictures to direct Dracula (1931).", "What other films did he direct?", "After directing the boxing melodrama Iron Man (1931),", "were there any other films he directed?", "Browning began work on Freaks (1932). Based on the short story \"Spurs\" by Clarence Aaron \"Tod\" Robbins," ]

[ "\"Out Come the Freaks\" is the name of a trilogy of songs by art-funk ensemble Was (Not Was). The trilogy consists of three songs that feature the same basic title, tune and chorus lyric: \"Out Come the Freaks\" (1981), \"(Return to the Valley of) Out Come the Freaks\" (1983), and \"Out Come The Freaks\" (1987) (later issued as \"Out Come the Freaks (Again)\".)\n\nDespite the three songs' abundant similarities, each song is distinctive, as differing lyrics in the verses of each song tell stories about different societal outcasts. As well, each recording had a different contemporary sound, a thoroughly different arrangement, and reworked the melody while still retaining the chorus vocal: Woodwork squeaks, and out comes the freaks.\n\nRecordings\n\n\"Out Come the Freaks\" (1981)\nThe original recording was the opening song on the groups debut album Was (Not Was). This version began with the chorus sung several times simultaneously by a number of vocalists before the rhythm section is introduced. The single became a club hit in the US and peaked at #16 on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play Chart.\n\nThe song's parent album was later renamed Out Come The Freaks when it was remastered and expanded in 2004. A companion remix album is titled (The) Woodwork Squeaks.\n\n\"(Return to the Valley of) Out Come the Freaks\" (1983)\n\nThe second recording is slower and sparser as opposed to the post-disco sound of the original. This version is sung by Harry Bowens, who sings the Woodwork Squeaks chorus as more of a refrain than a chant. This version adds a new introductory verse which sets up the concept of the song. The final chorus replaces the words \"the freaks\" with a succession of song titles including \"Papa's Got A Brand New Bag\" and \"The Shadow of Your Smile\", implying a more positive spin on the idea of a \"freak\" to counterpoint the earlier verses. \"(Return to the Valley of) Out Come the Freaks\" was the only single from Born to Laugh at Tornadoes to chart in the UK, and was also their first hit in that country, hitting the UK top 50. This version of the song also appears as a hidden track (at the end of track 11, Walk The Dinosaur) on the compilation album Hello Dad... I'm In Jail.\n\n\"Out Come the Freaks (Again)\" (1988)\n\nThe third \"Out Come The Freaks\" recording was released in 1987 and included on the group's most successful album What Up, Dog?. It was eventually also released as one of the final singles from the album in the UK, and again peaked just inside the UK top 50. The song was listed as \"Out Come the Freaks\" on the album but reference to the songs reworked status was acknowledged in the inclusion of the subtitle 'Again' on the single's release. The single version was also alternatively titled \"(Stuck Inside of Detroit With the) Out Come the Freaks (Again)\".\n\nThis recording was once again dominated by the vocal of Harry Bowens, but a female vocalist sang the chorus refrain. The arrangement was more upbeat than the second recording but had a tighter Funk and Synth-Pop sound. The introductory verse was retained but the other verses were changed to feature different characters to the earlier versions. Instead of song titles, the more positive final chorus listed real people such as Leon Trotsky and John Coltrane.\n\n\"Look What's Back\" (1990)\nA fourth song related to \"Out Come the Freaks\" called \"Look What's Back\" appears as the final track on the group's fourth album Are You Okay? in 1990. The song is a 43-second acoustic camp-fire rendition in which the group chants the chorus: 'Woodwork squeaks, and out comes the freaks'.\n\nRemixes\n\"Out Come the Freaks\"\n Album Version – 5:37\n Seven Inch – 4:28\n Extended Version – 6:39\n Dub Version – 6:10\n \"Tell Me That I'm Dreaming (Souped Up Version)\" / \"Out Come the Freaks (Dub Version)\" – 12:50\n Classic 12\" Version – 7:12\n Predominantly Funk Version – 12:25\n\n\"(Return to the Valley of) Out Come the Freaks\"\n Album Version – 4:22\n Seven Inch – 3:45\n Extended Version – 8:45\n\n\"Out Come the Freaks (Again)\"\n Album Version – 4:35\n The Mighty Mook Mix\n The Bobby Maggot Mix\n\nChart positions\n\nReferences\n\n1981 songs\n1981 singles\n1984 singles\n1988 singles\nWas (Not Was) songs\nSong recordings produced by Don Was\nSongs written by David Was\nSongs written by Don Was\nIsland Records singles", "Was (Not Was) is the debut album by art-funk ensemble Was (Not Was); it was released in 1981.\nThe album was re-released with additional material in 2004 under the name Out Come the Freaks. The art direction was by Maverse Players.\n\nTrack listing\nAll tracks composed by David Was and Don Was; except where indicated\n\nSide A\n \"Out Come the Freaks\" – 5:41 vocals - Harry Bowens; spoken vocals - Marzanne McCants\n \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" – 4:55 lead vocals - Sweet Pea Atkinson\n \"Tell Me That I'm Dreaming\" – 4:58 lead vocals - Harry Bowens\n \"Oh, Mr. Friction!\" – 3:31\n\nSide B\n \"Carry Me Back to Old Morocco\" (Was, Was, Doug Fieger) – 6:01\n \"It's an Attack!\" (Was, Was, David Goss) – 3:11 lead vocals - Sweet Pea Atkinson\n \"The Sky's Ablaze\" – 2:16\n \"Go...Now!\" (Was, Was, Ron Banks) – 5:34 lead vocals - Sweet Pea Atkinson\nSide B of the LP ends in a lock groove of Atkinson singing \"'Cause he says it hurts his neck\" (from \"Out Come the Freaks\"), looping on the last three words.\n\nOut Come the Freaks Track listing\n \"Wheel Me Out\" (Long Version) – 7:06\n \"Out Come the Freaks\" – 5:39\n \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\" – 4:57\n \"Tell Me That I'm Dreaming\" – 5:00\n \"Oh, Mr. Friction\" – 3:33\n \"Carry Me Back to Old Morocco\" – 6:01\n \"It's an Attack!\" – 3:10\n \"The Sky's Ablaze\" – 2:15\n \"Go...Now!\" – 5:30\n \"Hello Operator\" (Short Version) – 2:51\n \"Out Come the Freaks (Again)\" – 4:37\n \"Tell Me That I'm Dreaming\" (12\" Remix)\" – 7:48\n \"Out Come The Freaks\" (12\" Remix) – 7:10\n \"(Return to the Valley Of) Out Come the Freaks\" (Semi/Historic 1983 Version) – 4:20\n \"Christmas Time in Motor City\" – 2:55\n \"Out Come the Freaks\" (Dub Version) – 6:30\n\nPersonnel\nDavid Was - vocals, alto saxophone, piano\nDon Was - vocals, bass, vibraphone, Moog synthesizer, clavinet\nSir Harry Bowens - lead vocals on \"Out Come the Freaks\" and \"Tell Me That I'm Dreaming\"\nSweet Pea Atkinson - lead vocals on \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\", \"It's an Attack\" and \"Go...Now!\"\nBruce Nazarian, Ricardo Rouse, Wayne Kramer - guitar\nJervonny Collier, Lamont Johnson - bass \nBruce Nazarian - bass on \"Wheel Me Out\"\nFranklin K. Funklyn McCullers, Jerry Jones - drums\nLarry Fratangelo, Kevin Tschirhart - percussion\nCarl \"Butch\" Small - percussion, rap vocals\nGary Stuck, Jim Matthews, Les Chambers - additional percussion\nIrwin Krinsky - piano\nLuis Resto - piano, Oberheim OBX and ARP synthesizers\nRaymond Johnson, Mark Johnson - keyboards\nDavid McMurray - tenor, soprano and alto saxophone\nArmand Angeloni - tenor saxophone, piccolo flute\nMarcus Belgrave - trumpet, flugelhorn \nMack Pitt - mandolin\nCarol Hall, Carolyn Crawford, Kathy Kosins, Michelle Goulet, Sheila Horne - backing vocals\nAnthony Was, Kim Heron, Lamont Zodiac, Mark J. Norton, Mitchell Jacobs, Mrs. Martinez's Fifth Hour Vocal Music Class/Birney Middle School, Pam Schlom, Richard Pinkston, Rick Cushingberry, Rubin Weiss, Ruth Seymore, Tom Brzezina - additional vocals\nJohnny Allen - string arrangement on \"Where Did Your Heart Go?\"\nMichael Zilkha - Executive Producer\n\nReferences\n\n1981 debut albums\nWas (Not Was) albums\nAlbums produced by Don Was\nAlbums produced by David Was\nIsland Records albums\nZE Records albums" ]

[ "Tod Browning", "Sound films", "What sound films did Tod produce?", "Browning was hired by his old employer Universal Pictures to direct Dracula (1931).", "What other films did he direct?", "After directing the boxing melodrama Iron Man (1931),", "were there any other films he directed?", "Browning began work on Freaks (1932). Based on the short story \"Spurs\" by Clarence Aaron \"Tod\" Robbins,", "What did he work on after freaks?", "the drama Fast Workers (1933)" ]

[ "Isaac Basire (20 September 1704 – 24 August 1768) was an engraver and first in a family line of prolific and well-respected engravers. Isaac Basire was known as a map engraver. His most well-known work is the frontispiece to an edition of Bailey's dictionary (1755).\n\nFamily\nHe was born in London the son of Jacques or James Basire, a Huguenot and native of Rouen, and Magdelaine Lair. Isaac sparked a prodigious line of engravers, including his son James (1730-1802), grandson James (1769-1822), and great-grandson James (1796-1869). There is some difficulty in assigning works to a particular member of the family. All four worked as engravers, sometimes as an apprentice to his father, with overlapping periods of productivity, and three shared the same name.\n\nJames Basire\nJames Basire (1730–1802), also known as James Basire Sr., was the most significant of the family of engravers. He was noted for his skill at architectural prints and his apprenticing of the young William Blake.\n\nJames Basire II\nJames Basire the second (12 November 1769 – 13 May 1822) succeeded his father in an appointment from the Society of Antiquaries, indicating that he was a good draughtsman, a capable and accomplished engraver. His work and methods were nearly indistinguishable from his father's. Much of his best work was published by the Society of Antiquaries in 1808.\n\nJames Basire III\nThe last known James Basire was born in 1796 and died in London on 17 May 1869. He did a number of plates of Sussex country-houses including Glynde Place and Glyndebourne House, but his work and artistic skill were not as well-regarded.\n\nReferences\n\n1704 births\n1768 deaths\n18th-century engravers\nEnglish engravers\nEnglish people of French descent", "Wiktor Podoski (24 May 1901 – 10 July 1970) was a Polish painter. His work was part of the art competitions at the 1932 Summer Olympics and the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was not prolific, but his work is well-regarded.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\n1901 births\n1970 deaths\n20th-century Polish painters\n20th-century male artists\nOlympic competitors in art competitions\nPeople from Ternopil\nPolish male painters" ]

[ "Tod Browning", "Sound films", "What sound films did Tod produce?", "Browning was hired by his old employer Universal Pictures to direct Dracula (1931).", "What other films did he direct?", "After directing the boxing melodrama Iron Man (1931),", "were there any other films he directed?", "Browning began work on Freaks (1932). Based on the short story \"Spurs\" by Clarence Aaron \"Tod\" Robbins,", "What did he work on after freaks?", "the drama Fast Workers (1933)", "was his work well-recieved?", "His career derailed, Browning found himself unable to get his requested projects greenlighted." ]

[ "Sam Wood is an artist whose work has appeared in role-playing games.\n\nWorks\nSam Wood did his first work for Wizards of the Coast in 1995, and later became a staff illustrator. Wood's earliest work in the game industry was for the BattleTech TCG, and he went on to work on games like Dungeons & Dragons, Magic: The Gathering, Alternity, Doomtown, Legend of the Five Rings, and Chainmail. He collaborated with Todd Lockwood on D&D and concept work on many of the Chainmail miniatures.\n\nWood has continued to produce interior illustrations and cartography for many Dungeons & Dragons books and Dragon magazine since 1997, as well as cover art for Deities and Demigods (2002), Underdark (2003), Frostburn (2004), and Fiendish Codex I: Hordes of the Abyss (2006). He has also produced artwork for many other games including Star*Drive (TSR), Deadlands (Pinnacle Entertainment Group), and Wheel of Time (Wizards of the Coast), and illustrated cards for the Magic: The Gathering collectible card game.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nLiving people\nRole-playing game artists\nYear of birth missing (living people)", "Robert Kay (1728–1802) was an English inventor, best known for designing a drop box to improve the capability of weaving looms.\n\nRobert Kay was born in 1728 to John Kay and Ann Holt. He became a shuttlemaker in his native Bury, Lancashire, married in 1748 and had several children. His father emigrated to France in 1747 and was joined there by Robert and two other sons, James and John. The flying shuttle, also known as the wheel-shuttle, had been invented by John senior around 1733 but his commercial acumen did not match his engineering ingenuity and financial problems may have contributed to the move abroad. Robert had returned to Bury probably in 1759 and in either that year or 1760, he designed a method for deploying multiple shuttles simultaneously, enabling the use of wefts of more than one colour and so making it easier for the weaver to produce cross-striped material. These shuttles were housed at the side of the loom in what became known as the drop box. He did not patent the invention but went on to produce other improvements to the shuttle that assisted in producing checked material and ticking for beds, as well as a mechanism for manufacturing the cards used in carding machines.\n\nThe drop box probably caused an increase in the use of the flying shuttle: combining the two made the weaving mechanism more complex, but it greatly increased the production speed of even fairly complex cloths.\n\nSee also \n Drop box (weaving device)\n\nReferences \nNotes\n\nCitations\n\n1728 births\n1802 deaths\nEnglish inventors\nWeaving\nPeople from Bury, Greater Manchester" ]

[ "Tod Browning", "Sound films", "What sound films did Tod produce?", "Browning was hired by his old employer Universal Pictures to direct Dracula (1931).", "What other films did he direct?", "After directing the boxing melodrama Iron Man (1931),", "were there any other films he directed?", "Browning began work on Freaks (1932). Based on the short story \"Spurs\" by Clarence Aaron \"Tod\" Robbins,", "What did he work on after freaks?", "the drama Fast Workers (1933)", "was his work well-recieved?", "His career derailed, Browning found himself unable to get his requested projects greenlighted.", "What other work did he produce?", "Mark of the Vampire (1935)." ]

[ "Přírodní park Třebíčsko (before Oblast klidu Třebíčsko) is a natural park near Třebíč in the Czech Republic. There are many interesting plants. The park was founded in 1983.\n\nKobylinec and Ptáčovský kopeček\n\nKobylinec is a natural monument situated ca 0,5 km from the village of Trnava.\nThe area of this monument is 0,44 ha. Pulsatilla grandis can be found here and in the Ptáčovský kopeček park near Ptáčov near Třebíč. Both monuments are very popular for tourists.\n\nPonds\n\nIn the natural park there are some interesting ponds such as Velký Bor, Malý Bor, Buršík near Přeckov and a brook Březinka. Dams on the brook are examples of European beaver activity.\n\nSyenitové skály near Pocoucov\n\nSyenitové skály (rocks of syenit) near Pocoucov is one of famed locations. There are interesting granite boulders. The area of the reservation is 0,77 ha.\n\nExternal links\nParts of this article or all article was translated from Czech. The original article is :cs:Přírodní park Třebíčsko.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nNature near the village Trnava which is there\n\nTřebíč\nParks in the Czech Republic\nTourist attractions in the Vysočina Region", "Damn Interesting is an independent website founded by Alan Bellows in 2005. The website presents true stories from science, history, and psychology, primarily as long-form articles, often illustrated with original artwork. Works are written by various authors, and published at irregular intervals. The website openly rejects advertising, relying on reader and listener donations to cover operating costs.\n\nAs of October 2012, each article is also published as a podcast under the same name. In November 2019, a second podcast was launched under the title Damn Interesting Week, featuring unscripted commentary on an assortment of news articles featured on the website's \"Curated Links\" section that week. In mid-2020, a third podcast called Damn Interesting Curio Cabinet began highlighting the website's periodic short-form articles in the same radioplay format as the original podcast.\n\nIn July 2009, Damn Interesting published the print book Alien Hand Syndrome through Workman Publishing. It contains some favorites from the site and some exclusive content.\n\nAwards and recognition \nIn August 2007, PC Magazine named Damn Interesting one of the \"Top 100 Undiscovered Web Sites\".\nThe article \"The Zero-Armed Bandit\" by Alan Bellows won a 2015 Sidney Award from David Brooks in The New York Times.\nThe article \"Ghoulish Acts and Dastardly Deeds\" by Alan Bellows was cited as \"nonfiction journalism from 2017 that will stand the test of time\" by Conor Friedersdorf in The Atlantic.\nThe article \"Dupes and Duplicity\" by Jennifer Lee Noonan won a 2020 Sidney Award from David Brooks in the New York Times.\n\nAccusing The Dollop of plagiarism \n\nOn July 9, 2015, Bellows posted an open letter accusing The Dollop, a comedy podcast about history, of plagiarism due to their repeated use of verbatim text from Damn Interesting articles without permission or attribution. Dave Anthony, the writer of The Dollop, responded on reddit, admitting to using Damn Interesting content, but claiming that the use was protected by fair use, and that \"historical facts are not copyrightable.\" In an article about the controversy on Plagiarism Today, Jonathan Bailey concluded, \"Any way one looks at it, The Dollop failed its ethical obligations to all of the people, not just those writing for Damn Interesting, who put in the time, energy and expertise into writing the original content upon which their show is based.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Official website\n\n2005 podcast debuts" ]

[ "Tod Browning", "Sound films", "What sound films did Tod produce?", "Browning was hired by his old employer Universal Pictures to direct Dracula (1931).", "What other films did he direct?", "After directing the boxing melodrama Iron Man (1931),", "were there any other films he directed?", "Browning began work on Freaks (1932). Based on the short story \"Spurs\" by Clarence Aaron \"Tod\" Robbins,", "What did he work on after freaks?", "the drama Fast Workers (1933)", "was his work well-recieved?", "His career derailed, Browning found himself unable to get his requested projects greenlighted.", "What other work did he produce?", "Mark of the Vampire (1935).", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "Browning's final film was the murder mystery Miracles for Sale (1939)." ]

[ "Submarine Raider is a 1942 American war film directed by Lew Landers and starring John Howard.\n\nPlot\n\nProduction\nBudd Boetticher was working as an assistant director at Columbia Pictures, notably to George Stevens on The More the Merrier. Harry Cohn took a liking to Boetticher and got him to direct the last two days of filming. Boetticher said it was a 12-day picture and recalled \"my God, I studied! I prepared every angle, I went over the script line by line, I prepared for those two days as if I were directing Gone With the Wind, because I didn't have any talent for it.\"\n\nBoetticher called Landers \"a no-talent guy. They called him the \"D\" director there at Columbia; he just wasn't any good. Whenever they had a picture they didn't really care about, they'd give it to Landers.\" He later performed a similar task on U-Boat Prisoner (1944).\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n Submarine Raider at TCMDB\n\n1942 films\nAmerican films\nEnglish-language films\nAmerican war drama films\nWorld War II films made in wartime\nColumbia Pictures films\nWorld War II films\nFilms directed by Lew Landers\n1940s war drama films\n1942 drama films\nAmerican black-and-white films\nFilms with screenplays by Aubrey Wisberg", "Gold Rush Daze is a 1939 Warner Bros. Merrie Melodies cartoon directed by Ben Hardaway and Cal Dalton. The short was released on February 25, 1939.\n\nPlot\n\nA dog-faced prospector drives to the hills to dig for gold. A local gas station attendant warns him that he is wasting his time, then goes on to tell the story of his own fruitless chase for gold; since 1849, he pursued strikes around the world and never had any success. The cartoon shows the attendant's various stops including the California Gold Rush, the Comstock Lode, and various other efforts globally that never (literally) pan out. Then, as the attendant finishes his story, a fellow rides up with news that there has indeed been gold found in the hills. The attendant steals the prospector's car to chase this rush, telling him he can have the gas station.\n\nIncluded in the film is a short, farcical musical number, “My Sweetheart Needs Gold for Her Teeth.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n1939 films\n1939 animated films\n1939 short films\nMerrie Melodies short films\nWarner Bros. Cartoons animated short films\nFilms directed by Ben Hardaway\nFilms directed by Cal Dalton\n1930s American animated films\nAmerican films\nAnimated films about dogs\nFilms set in 1849\nFilms about the California Gold Rush\nFilms scored by Carl Stalling\n1930s Warner Bros. animated short films" ]

[ "Dev Anand", "Comparisons with Gregory Peck" ]

[ "Veronique Peck (née Passani; February 5, 1932 – August 17, 2012) was a French-American arts patron, philanthropist, and journalist. She was married to actor, political activist, and philanthropist Gregory Peck from 1955 until his death in 2003.\n\nLife and career\n\nVeronique Passani was born in Paris, France; her mother was an artist and writer, while her father was an architect. She began her career as a journalist for France Soir, a French daily newspaper, and met Gregory Peck while conducting an interview for France Soir in 1953. The couple married on December 31, 1955, shortly after Peck's divorce from his first wife, Greta Kukkonen.\n\nPeck became a well-known philanthropist in Greater Los Angeles. She and her husband raised approximately $50 million for the American Cancer Society during the 1960s. The Los Angeles Times named her \"Woman of the Year\" in 1967. She also co-founded the Inner City Cultural Center, a theater group composed of members from different ethnic backgrounds, and the Los Angeles Music Center. Peck became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1976.\n\nShortly after Gregory Peck's death in 2003, Peck took control of the Gregory Peck Reading Series. The series raises money on behalf of the Los Angeles Public Library through the collaboration of celebrities. She had become friends with author Harper Lee while her husband was filming To Kill a Mockingbird. In 2005, Peck convinced the normally reclusive Lee to accept the Los Angeles Public Library Literary Award in person. Peck and her family attended a private White House screening of To Kill a Mockingbird in 2012 with President Barack Obama to mark what would have been her late husband's 96th birthday.\n\nDeath\nVeronique Peck died of a heart ailment at her home in Los Angeles, California on August 17, 2012, at the age of 80. She was survived by her daughter filmmaker Cecilia Peck Voll, son Anthony Peck, three grandchildren, and her brother, Dr. Cornelius Passani.\n\nReferences\n\n1932 births\n2012 deaths\nFrench journalists\nFrench emigrants to the United States\nWriters from Paris\nBurials at the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels\nNaturalized citizens of the United States\n20th-century American philanthropists", "Gregory Peck (April 5, 1916 – June 12, 2003) was an American actor who had an extensive career in film, television, radio, and on stage. Peck's breakthrough role was as a Catholic priest who attempts to start a mission in China in the 1944 film The Keys of the Kingdom, for which he received his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor. In the same year, he played Count Vronsky in a radio adaptation of Leo Tolstoy's Anna Karenina. He followed this by starring in Alfred Hitchcock's psychological thriller Spellbound (1945) with Ingrid Bergman. In the late 1940s, Peck received three more nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his roles as a caring father in The Yearling (1946), a journalist who pretends to be Jewish to write an exposé on American anti-semitism in Gentleman's Agreement (1947), and a brave airman in Twelve O'Clock High (1949). \n\nPeck co-founded the theatre company La Jolla Playhouse in 1947 with Dorothy McGuire and Mel Ferrer. He starred in productions of Angel Street and The Male Animal for the company. In 1951, he played Royal Navy officer Horatio Hornblower in the eponymous film, David in the biblical epic David and Bathsheba with Susan Hayward, and a soldier in the western Only the Valiant with Barbara Payton. Two years later, Peck appeared as a journalist who falls in love with a princess in the romantic comedy Roman Holiday (1953) with Audrey Hepburn. During the late 1950s, he portrayed Captain Ahab in Moby Dick (1956), war hero Joseph G. Clemons in Pork Chop Hill (1959), and writer F. Scott Fitzgerald in Beloved Infidel (1959). \n\nHe won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance as Atticus Finch, a lawyer attempting to exonerate a black man wrongly accused of rape in courtroom drama To Kill a Mockingbird (1962). The role topped the AFI's 50 Greatest Screen Heroes. Seven years later, he appeared in the title role of the western Mackenna's Gold, and as a spy in The Chairman. In the late 1970s, Peck played General Douglas MacArthur in the eponymous 1977 film and Nazi doctor Josef Mengele in The Boys from Brazil (1978). \n \nPeck made his television debut in 1982 by appearing as President Abraham Lincoln in the miniseries The Blue and the Gray. He followed this with the television film The Scarlet and the Black where he portrayed Catholic priest Hugh O'Flaherty who helped Jews and prisoners of war to hide in World War II-era Rome. For his appearance as Father Mapple in the 1998 miniseries Moby Dick, he received the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Series, Miniseries or Television Film and a nomination for a Primetime Emmy.\n\nFilm\n\nTelevision\n\nStage\n\nRadio\n\nBibliography\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nPeck, Gregory\nPeck, Gregory" ]

[ "Dev Anand", "Comparisons with Gregory Peck", "What did he have in common with Gregory Peck ?", "Dev Anand and Suraiya met Peck for the first time at Mumbai's Willingdon Club, after the Filmfare Awards in 1954," ]

[ "\"Work, Death, and Sickness\", sometimes also translated as \"The Right Way\", is a short story by Russian author Leo Tolstoy written in 1903. The story takes the form of a parable about the creation of work, death, and sickness.\n\nSynopsis\n\nWhen God first created man, he had no need to work, and he would always live to be exactly one hundred years old. God thought that this would allow humans to live in harmony, but such was not the case. They were solitary, they fought, and they did not cherish life. As a remedy, God created work in the hopes that it would bring men together. They could not build homes or grow food on their own, but instead of working in harmony, men formed competing groups that fought even more. As a remedy for these new problems, God created death. The hope was that an unpredictable death would make men cherish life, but instead it created even more inequity as the strong threatened the weak with death. God was disappointed with this inequity, and he created sickness. The hope was that the healthy would care for the sick, because when the caregivers became sick, those they cared for would return the favor. Men, however, did not care for each other because sickness created fear and disgust. God saw that men simply did not see that they could be happy, and he left them alone. Only in recent times have men finally realized that if they worked together and cared for each other, they could all achieve happiness.\n\nSee also\n\nBibliography of Leo Tolstoy\nTwenty-Three Tales\n\nReferences\n\n\"The Works of Tolstoi.\" Black's Readers Service Company: Roslyn, New York. 1928.\n\nExternal links\n\n Complete Text Online, as translated by Louise Maude and Aylmer Maude\n \"Work, Death, and Sickness: A Legend\", from RevoltLib.com\n \"Work, Death, and Sickness: A Legend\", from Marxists.org\n Other Online Versions\n Work, Death, and Sickness at The Literature Network\n\n1903 short stories\nShort stories by Leo Tolstoy\nParables", "Brothers of Soul was a soul trio composed of Fred Bridges, Richard Knight, and Robert Eaton, who were also a songwriting team involved with around 50 singles. Based in Detroit in the 60's and 70's, they recorded a number of songs, mainly with producer Ric Williams for the Zodiac and Boo labels. Their biggest hit was \"I Guess That Don't Make Me a Loser,\" which peaked at 32 on the R&B charts in May 1968.\n\nHistory\nBridges and Knight, who had met at the Dodge Assembly Plant, did some writing for La Beat Records, where they began working with Eaton. The first song the three are credited on together is James Shorter's \"Modern Day Woman\". They then got together to write a song named \"Dream.\" While doing some freelance work for Drew Records, writing for The Precisions, they met Chicago based producer Williams, who became interested in showcasing them as a group. They chose to record under the name Brothers of Soul, a name inspired by the Detroit riots of '67. Under the coordination of Williams, they wrote for Zodiac, producing many Ruby Andrews hits. Their most successful period was from 1968-1969, with their last recordings in 1971. Sometime during this period, Ben Knights replaced Richard Knight, who was serving time in New York. They continued to work together, providing vocal accompaniment for a few years, eventually splitting apart. A hits compilation named \"I Guess That Don't Make Me a Loser\" was released on CD in 1995 by Collectables Records and digitally in 2008 by S.D.E.G. Records.\n\nPartial Discography\n\nChart Singles\n\nCompilations\n I Guess That Don't Make Me a Loser\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n The Fred Bridges Story\n \n\nAmerican soul musical groups" ]

[ "Dev Anand", "Comparisons with Gregory Peck", "What did he have in common with Gregory Peck ?", "Dev Anand and Suraiya met Peck for the first time at Mumbai's Willingdon Club, after the Filmfare Awards in 1954,", "Did they work together after that ?", "He knew of the \"Indian Star\" as an actor, more so probably because his romance with Suraiya was grabbing the headlines, and they had a chat." ]

[ "The Spine of the World is the second book in R. A. Salvatore's book series, Paths of Darkness.\n\nPublication history\nThe Spine of the World was written by R. A. Salvatore. It was republished in April 2009 as the twelfth book in the \"Legend of Drizzt\" series.\n\nTodd Lockwood painted the cover for Spine of the World.\n\nPlot summary\nWulfgar and his new friend, Morik the Rogue, are convicted of the attempted murder of Wulfgar's old companion Captain Deudermont, a crime they did not commit. Morik the Rogue is an unscrupulous human who comes along as a traveling and drinking companion to barbarian hero Wulfgar, and is a close, but not necessarily trusted, friend. Wulfgar's mighty warhammer Aegis Fang is stolen and sold to a notorious pirate. They narrowly avoid the horrors of Luskan's prisoner's carnival, but through the intervention of the victim himself, they are spared. As the book progresses, Wulfgar slowly climbs out of his despair, finally setting out to find the life he thought lost to the darkness. After their eviction from the city, they set out to become bandits on the roads outside the city. They prove to not be very proficient at it, though, and soon become involved in the politics of a backwater town in which the peasant fiancée of the local lord bears an illegitimate child. Wulfgar is blamed, but is helped to escape, and adopts the baby girl as his own.\n\nReception\nThe Spine of the World debuted on The New York Times bestseller list at No. 25.\n\nReferences\n\n1999 American novels\nForgotten Realms novels\nNovels by R. A. Salvatore", "Chapter and Verse is the seventh and final full-length album by British post-hardcore band Funeral for a Friend, released on 19 January 2015. This is the first album released by Funeral for a Friend since 2007's Tales Don't Tell Themselves not to be produced by Romesh Dodangoda, who had produced the band's last three albums starting with 2008's Memory and Humanity.\n\nRelease and promotion\nOn their 2014 tour, Funeral for a Friend incorporated the song \"1%\" into their set list. The band then debuted the first single from the album, \"You've Got a Bad Case of the Religions\", on the Rock Show on BBC Radio 1 on 28 September 2014. They announced the title of the album, as well as its release date and a 2015 tour in support of the album the next day.\n\nChapter and Verse would become the band's final album, as they confirmed on 14 September 2015 that they would be breaking up following a final tour in 2016.\n\nTrack listing\n\nRecording personnel\n\nFuneral for a Friend\n Matthew Davies – lead vocals\n Kris Coombs-Roberts – guitar, backing vocals\n Gavin Burrough – guitar, backing vocals\n Pat Lundy – drums, percussion\n Richard Boucher – bass guitar\n\nLewis Johns - Producer\n\nReferences\n\nFuneral for a Friend albums\n2015 albums" ]

[ "Dev Anand", "Comparisons with Gregory Peck", "What did he have in common with Gregory Peck ?", "Dev Anand and Suraiya met Peck for the first time at Mumbai's Willingdon Club, after the Filmfare Awards in 1954,", "Did they work together after that ?", "He knew of the \"Indian Star\" as an actor, more so probably because his romance with Suraiya was grabbing the headlines, and they had a chat.", "Did they become friend ?", "The second time they met was in Rome when Dev Anand was on his way back from the Venice Film Festival, he visited him on the set of Roman Holiday." ]

[ "Anacoenosis is a figure of speech in which the speaker poses a question to an audience in a way that demonstrates a common interest.\n\nDiscussion\n\nThe term comes from the Greek (anakoinoûn), meaning \"to communicate, impart\".\n\nAnacoenosis typically uses a rhetorical question, where no reply is really sought or required, thus softening what is really a statement or command. \n\nAsking a question that implies one clear answer is to put others in a difficult position. If they disagree with you, then they risk conflict or derision. In particular if you state the question with certainty, then it makes disagreement seem rude.\n\nParticularly when used in a group, this uses social conformance. If there is an implied agreement by all and one person openly disagrees, then they risk isolating themselves from the group, which is a very scary prospect.\n\nIf I am in an audience and the speaker uses anacoenosis and I do not agree yet do not speak up, then I may suffer cognitive dissonance between my thoughts and actions. As a result, I am likely to shift my thinking toward the speaker's views in order to reduce this tension.\n\nExamples\nDo you not think we can do this now?\nNow tell me, given the evidence before us, could you have decided any differently?\nWhat do you think? Are we a bit weary? Shall we stay here for a while?\n\"And now, O inhabitants of Jerusalem, and men of Judah, judge, I pray you, betwixt me and my vineyard. What could I have done more to my vineyard, that I have not done in it?\" Isaiah 5:3-4\nThe entire speech of Marc Anthony in Shakespeare's Julius Caesar forms an extended example of anacoenosis. Marc Anthony begins by building common cause with the audience on stage, addressing them as \"Friends, Romans, countrymen...\" His speech then poses a number of rhetorical questions to them as part of his refutation of Brutus' words: \"Did this in Caesar seem ambitious? / When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept: / Ambition should be made of sterner stuff: / Yet Brutus says he was ambitious;/ And Brutus is an honourable man. / You all did see that on the Lupercal / I thrice presented him a kingly crown, / Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition?\" (Act 3, Scene 2)\n\nSee also\nRhetorical question\n\nReferences \n\nFigures of speech\nRhetoric", "\"What's that got to do with the...?\" is an expression denoting an irrelevance or non sequitur in the current discussion.\n \nA common form, what does that have to do with the price of tea in China?, is a retort to an irrelevant suggestion. This facetious usage implies that the topic under discussion might as well be the price of tea in China for all the relevance the speaker's suggestion bears on it.\n\nPossible origins \n\nThis expression may have stemmed from economists, who describe everything economic as affecting everything else, trying to find an expression which denotes the farthest logical connection from their current economic focus, in a sort of butterfly effect. In this way, the price of tea in China was used to denote the farthest possibility. It can also be used to denote an irrelevant topic.\n\nAnother explanation of the phrase's origin is that in the 19th century the price for tea in England was the highest when the first ship with the newly harvested tea from the tightly controlled Chinese markets came in. So for the ship owners it was important to be as fast as possible back to England with the load, otherwise the cost of the passage might not be recovered from the sale of the tea. Thus there were real races (the tea clipper races) where the sail ships managed to travel the whole distance from China to England in about 80 to 90 days.\n\nThe difference in prices from the first load to the later ones was so high that the original price which was paid for the tea in China was quite unimportant. So the \"price of tea in China\" was something that really didn't matter for the ship owners. They had to have the tea in England as fast as possible.\n\nRelated expressions \nA related expression in Hebrew can be found in a commentary on the Biblical commandment of the septennial Shmitah or sabbatical year. Leviticus 25:1 specifically states that God spoke to Moses on Mount Sinai; while this was a common location for God to speak to Moses, the text's explicit reference to it is very rare. Accordingly, Rashi's commentary begins with the question \"What does Shmita have to do with Mount Sinai?\" (?מה עניין שמיטה אצל הר סיני) The question in rabbinic culture took on a general meaning equivalent to that of the \"price of tea in China\" expression.\n\nThere is also a similar phrase in Polish which says: \"What does a piernik have to do with a windmill?\" (\"Co ma piernik do wiatraka?\"). The exact origin of the expression is uncertain.\n\nReferences \n\nEnglish phrases" ]

[ "David Simon", "Homicide: Life on the Street" ]

[ "Homicide: Second Shift was an Internet web series presented in a static script/comic book format (there was no streaming video) that tied into the TV series Homicide: Life on the Street. The web-show started 21 February 1997. The show featured detectives of the homicide squad that worked the second shift, after the television detectives went home for the day. Several of the characters from Homicide: Second Shift had cameos on Homicide: Life on the Street, and the show had one story crossover with the television show.\n\nThe on-air/online crossover—the first such crossover for NBC.—was a three-part story-line. \"Homicide.com\", a season 7 episode Homicide: Life on the Street, was the middle part of the crossover with Homicide: Second Shift. Though the television episode was self-contained, parts one and three which were online only provided expanded context for the story.\n\nCast\n\nReferences\n\n (Second Shift's production studio)\n \n (Has since been taken down as the web-show is now over)\n \n\n1997 web series debuts\nNBC original programming\nHomicide: Life on the Street\nAmerican drama web series", "Homicide: Life on the Street is a police procedural television series that began airing on the NBC network immediately after Super Bowl XXVII on January 31, 1993, before moving to Wednesday evenings for the remainder of the first season. The show temporarily replaced L.A. Law on Thursday evenings at 10:00 p.m. ET for its limited season 2 run. From season 3 on it aired Fridays at 10:00 p.m. ET. Homicide: Life on the Street chronicled the work of a fictional Baltimore Police Department homicide unit. The show ran for seven seasons on the NBC network from 1993 to 1999, 122 episodes in all, and then was followed by a 2000 made-for-television movie. The series was based on David Simon's nonfiction book Homicide: A Year on the Killing Streets (1991), and many characters and stories used throughout the show's seven seasons were based on individuals and events depicted in the book.\n\nSeries overview\n\nEpisodes\n\nSeason 1 (1993)\n\nSeason 2 (1994)\n\nSeason 3 (1994–95)\n\nSeason 4 (1995–96)\n\nNote: Between episodes 11 and 12 of this season, on February 7, 1996, \"Charm City\" the 13th episode of Law & Order's sixth season aired. The next episode of Homicide to air, \"For God and Country\", directly followed the events of that episode.\n\nSeason 5 (1996–97)\n\nSeason 6 (1997–98)\n\nSeason 7 (1998–99)\n\nTelevision film (2000)\n\nHome media releases\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n \n \n \n\nHomicide: Life on the Street" ]

[ "David Simon", "Homicide: Life on the Street", "How did Homicide life on the street come about?", "The publishers of Homicide: A Year on the Killing Streets were eager for a screen adaptation and submitted it to numerous directors but there was little interest." ]

[ "Frederick Gordon Spear (often F. Gordon Spear or F.G. Spear; 1895–1980) was a British physician and researcher. Originally trained in tropical medicine, he spent time working in what was then the Belgian Congo. After his return to England in 1923, he became interested in radiology and radiobiology. As a member of the Medical Research Council, he was involved in the decision to continue work at Strangeways Research Laboratory following the 1926 death of founder Thomas Strangeways. He served as Deputy Director under the laboratory's longtime director Honor Fell from 1931 to 1958. While at Strangeways he conducted experiments on the effects of radiation on cells and tissues, particularly tissue cultures derived from cancers. He was known for forceful rhetoric in support of the then-controversial field of tissue culture and its potential in informing clinical practice.\n\nReferences\n\n20th-century British medical doctors\nBritish biologists\n1895 births\n1980 deaths\n20th-century biologists", "was a Japanese businessperson and rugby player, who played for the Japan national rugby union team in the 1950s. He worked for Yokogawa Electric from 1956 and became company president in 1993.\n\nLife and career\n\nMikawa was born on 17 August 1933 in what is now Suita, Osaka, where he graduated from . He then attended Keio Senior High School in Yokohama, where he became interested in rugby union. From 1952 he studied law at Keio University in Tokyo, where he joined the rugby team and became a member of the Japan national rugby union team. He played as a flanker.\n\nMikawa joined Yokogawa Electric in 1956. He became company director in 1976 and managing director in 1982. Around this time he was involved in negotiating joint ventures in Brazil. In 1983, as Managing Director he handled the company's merger with . In 1991 he became vice president of Yokogawa, and then president in June 1993. At the time he became president he had to deal with the recession that had hit Japan after the economic bubble in Japan burst in 1992, and in 1994 Yokogawa's operating income fell to 30% of what it had been in 1991.\n\nMikawa made the decision to take in 25 former employees (primarily those 36 and over) from Yamaichi Securities, which had gone out of business in November 1997.\n\nIn 1990 Mikawa launched an initiative to reinforce the (now Tokyo Musashino City FC) with Brazilian coaches and players. He announced in January 1994 his intention to have the team join the Japan Football League.\n\nMikawa had a reputation for being energetic, and earn nicknames such as Same ( \"shark\") and Raion ( \"lion\"). He was married and had three sons. Mikawa died from bile duct cancer at a hospital in Shinjuku on 19 June 1999 at 13:10. A company funeral was held for him on 21 June.\n\nReferences\n\nWorks cited\n\n \n \n \n \n\n1933 births\n1999 deaths\n20th-century Japanese businesspeople\nPeople from Suita\nRugby union players in Japan" ]

[ "David Simon", "Homicide: Life on the Street", "How did Homicide life on the street come about?", "The publishers of Homicide: A Year on the Killing Streets were eager for a screen adaptation and submitted it to numerous directors but there was little interest.", "What director became interested?", "film director Barry Levinson." ]

[ "What's My Name? was a 30-minute radio program in the United States. The program was hosted by Arlene Francis and was among the first radio shows to offer cash prizes to contestants.\n\nFormat\nContestants on What's My Name? had to identify a person from a maximum of 10 clues given by the show's two hosts. People to be identified were celebrities and historical characters. In the show's early days, a correct guess on the first clue earned the contestant $10; the amount earned dropped by $1 with each additional clue. In 1948, the top prize was increased to $100, with $50 and $25 prizes, respectively, for identification on the second and third clues.\n\nThe program also involved listener participation to some extent, as listeners could send in questions to be used on the air. People who submitted questions received $10 for each question used.\n\nA review of the first episode of What's My Name? offered little hope for its future, calling it \"a rather drab show.\" The reviewer explained: \"The program got off to a bad start in that the participants, for the most part, were unable to guess the identities of the characters asked for in the game until long after the listeners got the drift of the proceedings.\" The reviewer did, however, note that the show was \"ably conducted by Bud Hulick and Arlene Francis.\"\n\nFrancis was a constant on What's My Name?, serving as the hostess in all eight of its iterations on radio while her male counterparts changed. Hulick was the host in three versions. Other hosts over the years were Fred Uttal, John Reed King, Ward Wilson and Carl Frank. Harry Salter and his orchestra provided the music.\n\nOne source noted that What's My Name? \"helped make a broadcasting fixture out of Arlene Francis.\"\n\nA 1942 review gave What's My Name? a much better evaluation than the earlier review mentioned above. Paul Ackerman wrote in The Billboard, \"Name is well produced, moves quickly and manages to maintain an informal atmosphere directly traceable to Miss Francis's and Mr. King's manner with the contestants.\"\n\nBackground\nWhat's My Name? was the brainchild of radio writers Joe Cross and Ed Byron. An August 1940 magazine article related that, after listening to a program called Professor Quiz, \"the two of them shut themselves up in a hotel room, vowing they wouldn't come out until they'd thought up a game program that was as much fun as Professor Quiz. What's My Name? was the result.\"\n\nTelevision\n\nA version of What's My Name? was incorporated into the Paul Winchell-Jerry Mahoney Show on television. The program (originally titled The Speidel Show after its sponsor) ran from September 18, 1950 to May 23, 1954. In the show's early years, each episode began with a comedy skit featuring Winchell and Mahoney. That skit was followed by a quiz segment, What's My Name?, similar to the radio program. The host for the quiz was Ted Brown.\n\nThe TV version of the quiz failed to achieve the success of its radio predecessor. A review in The Billboard in August 1951 said: Speidel has tried hard all season to combine the very accomplished Paul Winchell and Jerry Mahoney team and the former What's My Name? format into a successful stanza. The attempt has failed and, if anything, the talents of the ventriloquist and his little pal have been blunted by misuse.\"\n\nBy 1953, the What's My Name? component of the Paul Winchell-Jerry Mahoney Show had been removed.\n\nBroadcast Schedule\n\nNote: \"NA\"—information was not listed on the cited page.\n\nReferences \n\nAmerican game shows\n1930s American radio programs\n1940s American radio programs\n1950s American radio programs\nAmerican radio game shows\n1930s American game shows\n1940s American game shows\n1950s American game shows\nMutual Broadcasting System programs\nNBC radio programs\nABC radio programs", "Thingee is a puppet which was used as an unofficial ambassador and icon for New Zealand children's television during the 1990s, appearing in multiple television shows such as The Son of a Gunn Show, and also children's programme, What Now. He appeared on T-shirts, dolls, puzzles and advertising all over New Zealand. He was voiced by After School camera operator and director Alan Henderson, brother of Tony, who died on 15 February 2020.\n\nAppearance\nThingee was usually presented as a grey (with brown undertones) humanoid thing with large bulbous eyes, a large toothless snout and a domed head. In a similar manner to the Rainbow characters Zippy and George, he was generally shown from the shoulders up, with one arm.\n\nCharacter history\nAccording to Stephen Campbell, one of the creators, both Thingee's name and species were accidental. The puppet was originally based on a duck, and the name used as a placeholder until they thought of a proper one.\n\nThingee first appeared on After School in 1987, under the hosting of Richard Evans and Annie Roach. Viewers first saw what was believed to be perhaps the egg of a dragon, Thingee existed in egg form for several weeks on the show until he hatched. Thingee later teamed up with Jason Gunn, who would from then on become his regular colleague, in 1988 when Jason took over as host for After School. Jason and Thingee continued working together in 1989 on After 2.\n\nFrom 1992 on he co-hosted Jason Gunn vehicles Jase TV and The Son of a Gunn Show. They later starred in the straight to video film Jason and Thingee's Big Adventure. Thingee also appeared in celebrity editions of Wheel of Fortune, test cricket commentary and Face the Music in 1992.\n\nFrom 1996 he was a host on the Sunday morning television show What Now, where it was revealed that the character was an alien and eventually Thingee made contact with his people and made the decision to return home to his own planet. As a result, the character was retired from New Zealand television.\n\nAppearances after retirement\n\n 2001 – Thingee helped co-host the What Now 20th birthday party\n 2007 – Thingee came back to TV on the TVNZ lifestyle show Good Morning\n 2008 – A further appearance on Good Morning, due to the TVNZ Goodnight Kiwi returning to the airwaves\n 2010 – Thingee appeared once again on Good Morning in celebration of the 50th anniversary of TVNZ\n 2010 – In a dream on the show Wanna-Ben\n 2012 – Wishing TVNZ U a Happy Birthday\n 2015 – TV3 appearance on 7 Days (S07E09) alongside Jason Gunn\n 2017 – SKY Sport behind the scenes at the cricket\n\nAppearances in popular culture\nDuring a recording of Son of a Gunn in 1994, one of Thingee's eyeballs popped out. While this outtake was not included in the episode that was eventually broadcast, shortly afterwards the clip was screened on a TVNZ bloopers show, where it found fame and became an iconic Kiwi television moment. The eyepop scene was used in the opening credits of the satirical show Eating Media Lunch.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n The Day I Met Thingee, New Zealand Herald\n The Son of a Gunn Show: Thingee's Eye Pop\n\nNew Zealand culture\nNew Zealand television personalities\nPuppets" ]

[ "David Simon", "Homicide: Life on the Street", "How did Homicide life on the street come about?", "The publishers of Homicide: A Year on the Killing Streets were eager for a screen adaptation and submitted it to numerous directors but there was little interest.", "What director became interested?", "film director Barry Levinson.", "What was the name of the show?", "TV series Homicide: Life on the Street (1993-1999)," ]

[ "Don Juan Manuel's Tales of Count Lucanor, in Spanish Libro de los ejemplos del conde Lucanor y de Patronio (Book of the Examples of Count Lucanor and of Patronio), also commonly known as El Conde Lucanor, Libro de Patronio, or Libro de los ejemplos (original Old Castilian: Libro de los enxiemplos del Conde Lucanor et de Patronio), is one of the earliest works of prose in Castilian Spanish. It was first written in 1335.\n\nThe book is divided into four parts. The first and most well-known part is a series of 51 short stories (some no more than a page or two) drawn from various sources, such as Aesop and other classical writers, and Arabic folktales.\n\nTales of Count Lucanor was first printed in 1575 when it was published at Seville under the auspices of Argote de Molina. It was again printed at Madrid in 1642, after which it lay forgotten for nearly two centuries.\n\nPurpose and structure\n\nA didactic, moralistic purpose, which would color so much of the Spanish literature to follow (see Novela picaresca), is the mark of this book. Count Lucanor engages in conversation with his advisor Patronio, putting to him a problem (\"Some man has made me a proposition...\" or \"I fear that such and such person intends to...\") and asking for advice. Patronio responds always with the greatest humility, claiming not to wish to offer advice to so illustrious a person as the Count, but offering to tell him a story of which the Count's problem reminds him. (Thus, the stories are \"examples\" [ejemplos] of wise action.) At the end he advises the Count to do as the protagonist of his story did.\n\nEach chapter ends in more or less the same way, with slight variations on: \"And this pleased the Count greatly and he did just so, and found it well. And Don Johán (Juan) saw that this example was very good, and had it written in this book, and composed the following verses.\" A rhymed couplet closes, giving the moral of the story.\n\nOrigin of stories and influence on later literature\nMany of the stories written in the book are the first examples written in a modern European language of various stories, which many other writers would use in the proceeding centuries. Many of the stories he included were themselves derived from other stories, coming from western and Arab sources.\n\nShakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew has the basic elements of Tale 35, \"What Happened to a Young Man Who Married a Strong and Ill-tempered Woman\".\n\nTale 32, \"What Happened to the King and the Tricksters Who Made Cloth\" tells the story that Hans Christian Andersen made popular as The Emperor's New Clothes.\n\nStory 7, \"What Happened to a Woman Named Truhana\", a version of Aesop's The Milkmaid and Her Pail, was claimed by Max Müller to originate in the Hindu cycle Panchatantra.\n\nTale 2, \"What happened to a good Man and his Son, leading a beast to market,\" is the familiar fable The miller, his son and the donkey.\n\nIn 2016, Baroque Decay released a game under the name \"The Count Lucanor\". As well as some protagonists' names, certain events from the books inspired past events in the game.\n\nThe stories\n\nThe book opens with a prologue which introduces the characters of the Count and Patronio. The titles in the following list are those given in Keller and Keating's 1977 translation into English. James York's 1868 translation into English gives a significantly different ordering of the stories and omits the fifty-first.\n\n What Happened to a King and His Favorite \n What Happened to a Good Man and His Son \n How King Richard of England Leapt into the Sea against the Moors\n What a Genoese Said to His Soul When He Was about to Die \n What Happened to a Fox and a Crow Who Had a Piece of Cheese in His Beak\n How the Swallow Warned the Other Birds When She Saw Flax Being Sown \n What Happened to a Woman Named Truhana \n What Happened to a Man Whose Liver Had to Be Washed \n What Happened to Two Horses Which Were Thrown to the Lion \n What Happened to a Man Who on Account of Poverty and Lack of Other Food Was Eating Bitter Lentils \n What Happened to a Dean of Santiago de Compostela and Don Yllán, the Grand Master of Toledo\n What Happened to the Fox and the Rooster \n What Happened to a Man Who Was Hunting Partridges \n The Miracle of Saint Dominick When He Preached against the Usurer \n What Happened to Lorenzo Suárez at the Siege of Seville \n The Reply that count Fernán González Gave to His Relative Núño Laynes \n What Happened to a Very Hungry Man Who Was Half-heartedly Invited to Dinner \n What Happened to Pero Meléndez de Valdés When He Broke His Leg \n What Happened to the Crows and the Owls \n What Happened to a King for Whom a Man Promised to Perform Alchemy \n What Happened to a Young King and a Philosopher to Whom his Father Commended Him \n What Happened to the Lion and the Bull \n How the Ants Provide for Themselves \n What Happened to the King Who Wanted to Test His Three Sons \n What Happened to the Count of Provence and How He Was Freed from Prison by the Advice of Saladin\n What Happened to the Tree of Lies \n What Happened to an Emperor and to Don Alvarfáñez Minaya and Their Wives \n What Happened in Granada to Don Lorenzo Suárez Gallinato When He Beheaded the Renegade Chaplain \n What Happened to a Fox Who Lay down in the Street to Play Dead \n What Happened to King Abenabet of Seville and Ramayquía His Wife \n How a Cardinal Judged between the Canons of Paris and the Friars Minor \n What Happened to the King and the Tricksters Who Made Cloth \n What Happened to Don Juan Manuel's Saker Falcon and an Eagle and a Heron \n What Happened to a Blind Man Who Was Leading Another \n What Happened to a Young Man Who Married a Strong and Ill-tempered Woman\n What Happened to a Merchant When He Found His Son and His Wife Sleeping Together \n What Happened to Count Fernán González with His Men after He Had Won the Battle of Hacinas \n What Happened to a Man Who Was Loaded down with Precious Stones and Drowned in the River \n What Happened to a Man and a Swallow and a Sparrow \n Why the Seneschal of Carcassonne Lost His Soul \n What Happened to a King of Córdova Named Al-Haquem \n What Happened to a Woman of Sham Piety \n What Happened to Good and Evil and the Wise Man and the Madman \n What Happened to Don Pero Núñez the Loyal, to Don Ruy González de Zavallos, and to Don Gutier Roiz de Blaguiello with Don Rodrigo the Generous \n What Happened to a Man Who Became the Devil's Friend and Vassal \n What Happened to a Philosopher who by Accident Went down a Street Where Prostitutes Lived \n What Befell a Moor and His Sister Who Pretended That She Was Timid \n What Happened to a Man Who Tested His Friends \n What Happened to the Man Whom They Cast out Naked on an Island When They Took away from Him the Kingdom He Ruled \n What Happened to Saladin and a Lady, the Wife of a Knight Who Was His Vassal \n What Happened to a Christian King Who Was Very Powerful and Haughty\n\nReferences\n\nNotes\n\nBibliography\n\n Sturm, Harlan\n\n Wacks, David\n\nExternal links\n\nThe Internet Archive provides free access to the 1868 translation by James York.\nJSTOR has the to the 1977 translation by Keller and Keating.\nSelections in English and Spanish (pedagogical edition) with introduction, notes, and bibliography in Open Iberia/América (open access teaching anthology)\n\n14th-century books\nSpanish literature\n1335 books", "Debbie Burton was an American singer. She is best known for dubbing the singing voice of the young Baby Jane Hudson (played by child actress Julie Allred) in the 1962 film What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?, singing the song \"I've Written a Letter to Daddy\". Burton also sang a duet with Bette Davis, the rock and roll song \"What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?\", written by Frank DeVol and Lukas Heller. It was released as a promotional single, with Burton's rendition of \"I've Written a Letter to Daddy\" on the flipside. An instrumental version of \"What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?\" can be heard in the movie.\n\nIn 1964 Burton released a single entitled \"The Next Day\", which was co-written by Perry Botkin, Jr. with Harry Nilsson. The song was featured on the 2004 compilation Girls Go Zonk: US Beat Chicks and Harmony Honeys.\n\nThe single \"Baby It's Over\" (Capitol 1966) was also written by Nilsson and produced by Botkin.\n\nThe music to the song was originally If I Had My Life to Live Over, written by Henry Tobias, Moe Jaffe and Larry Vincent in 1939.\n\nFilmography\n\nNotes\n\nExternal links\n\n[ Debbie Burton on Allmusic]\nDebbie Burton on Myspace\n\nAmerican women singers\nMGM Records artists\nLiving people\nYear of birth missing (living people)\n21st-century American women" ]

[ "David Simon", "Homicide: Life on the Street", "How did Homicide life on the street come about?", "The publishers of Homicide: A Year on the Killing Streets were eager for a screen adaptation and submitted it to numerous directors but there was little interest.", "What director became interested?", "film director Barry Levinson.", "What was the name of the show?", "TV series Homicide: Life on the Street (1993-1999),", "What happened next with the project?", "Simon was asked by Mutrux to write the show's pilot episode but declined, feeling he did not have the necessary expertise." ]

[ "The Criminal Justice (Public Order) Act 1994 is legislation that covers public order offences in the Republic of Ireland. It is the main legislation on the matter of public order.\n\nIt deals with how people behave in public places and provides for crowd control at public events.\nGardaí have powers to arrest people without warrant for most offences under the act. In particular if a Garda suspects someone of committing a public order offence they may ask the person for their name and address and if the person refuses they can be arrested without warrant.\n\nOffences\n\nIntoxication in a public place\nIntoxication in a public place is an offence under section 4 of the act. If a Garda suspects a person of being intoxicated they can confiscate any intoxicating substance from them.\n\nThe penalty is either a fixed charge of €100 or a maximum class E fine of €500 if the Gardaí decide to prosecute and there is a conviction.\n\nDisorderly conduct in a public place\nIt is an offence to engage in offensive conduct between the hours of midnight and 7am or at any time if a Garda asks you to.\n\nOffensive behaviour is unreasonable behaviour likely to cause serious offence or annoyance to other people. This is to deal with disorderly behaviour that falls short of threatening behaviour but which could still adversely affect people's lives.\n\nAn example is people shouting loudly after leaving a night club, which could annoy local residents.\n\nThe penalty for this is either a fixed charge fine of €140 or the maximum class D fine if the Gardaí prosecute and there is a conviction.\n\nA person must give their name and address when asked for them if they want this offence treated as a fixed charge offence. Someone who doesn't give their name and address can be arrested without warrant and convicted of a summary offence for which the maximum fine is a class C fine.\n\nThreatening, abusive or insulting behaviour in a public place\nIt is an offence to engage in threatening, abusive or insulting behaviour in a public place with the intent of breaching the peace.\n\nAn example is someone trying to provoke a fight with someone else using insults.\n\nIf found guilty of such an offence, someone can be given a class D fine and prison sentence of up to three months.\n\nBegging in an intimidating or threatening manner\nIt is an offence to beg in an intimidating or threatening manner. Someone found guilty of this offence is liable on summary conviction to a class E fine or up to one month in prison or both. \n\nGardaí can direct someone to leave certain areas if they are begging there - e.g. a shop entrance or at an ATM.\n\nIt is also an offence to organise or direct someone else to beg. A summary conviction can mean a class A fine, up to 12 months in prison or both.\n\nDistributing or displaying threatening, abusive, insulting or obscene material in a public place\nIt is an offence to distribute or display threatening, abusive, insulting or obscene material in a public place. A conviction can result in a class D fine, a prison sentence of up to three months or both.\n\nBecause the interpretation of something being obscene may be subjective, courts will apply the \"ordinary man\" test when deciding whether material is obscene or not.\n\nFailure to comply with the direction of a member of the Garda Síochána\nIt is an offence to not comply with a Garda's request to stop behaving in a way that the Garda believes endangers the safety of others, their property or the public peace. Gardaí can ask people to \"move on\" to avert potential trouble. \n\nIt is an offence not to comply with these directions without a reasonable excuse or lawful authority to do so. Anyone convicted is liable on summary conviction to a class D fine, a maximum prison term of six months or both.\n\nWilful obstruction\nIt is an offence to prevent a person or their vehicle from passing freely in a public place without legal authority or a reasonable excuse. The penalty is a fine of up to €400.\n\nGardaí do not have a power to arrest for this offence, they can direct people to stop the obstruction. Failure to comply with the direction is an offence.\n\nEntering a building with intent to commit an offence\nIt is an offence to enter a building or its vicinity with the intent to commit an offence or interfere with property. It suffices to be on the property as this offence is defined, but the prosecution must prove intent. \n\nAnyone convicted will, on summary conviction, be liable for a class C fine, a maximum prison term of 6 months or both.\n\nTrespass\nIt is an offence to trespass in a way that is likely to cause fear in someone else. This does not include any intent to commit crime or interfere with property. Someone found guilty of this crime is liable on summary conviction to a class C fine, a maximum term of imprisonment of 12 months or both.\n\nA Garda can direct anyone they fine trespassing in such a manner to leave the area in a peaceable and orderly manner. Failure to comply with such a direction without a reasonable excuse or lawful authority is an offence. Anyone found guilty of this offence is liable to a class D fine, a maximum of six months imprisonment or both.\n\nRiot\nRiot is one of the most serious public order offences.\n\nIt is defined as when:\n12 or more people use or threaten to use violence\nwith common purpose\ntheir conduct would cause a reasonable person to fear for their safety or for that of someone else\nthey actually used violence.\n\nThis offence can be committed in a public or private place. It can be used in situations where people assemble in protest and their behaviour becomes unlawful violence. The penalty is an unlimited fine, a period of imprisonment for up to 10 years or both.\n\nViolent disorder\nViolent disorder is a similar offence to riot, but is of a lesser degree.\nIt is defined as when:\n3 or more people are gathered at a place\nthey use or threaten to use violence\ntheir conduct would cause someone of reasonable firmness who was present to fear for their own safety or that of someone else.\n\nApart from the number of people involved the differences between riot and are that violence must have been used in riot but not in violence disorder and that in riot the group must share a common purpose which violent disorder does not require.\n\nThe penalty is an unlimited fine, a period of imprisonment for up to 10 years or both.\n\nAffray\nThis offence is when two or more people use or threaten to use unlawful violence between each other and their conduct would cause someone of reasonable firmness who was present to fear for their own safety or that of someone else. The violence must be between those involved and not aimed at innocent third parties. It requires unlawful violence, threats alone do not suffice.\n\nThe penalty is an unlimited fine, a period of imprisonment for up to 5 years or both.\n\nBlackmail, extortion and demanding money with menaces\nIt is an offence for a person to make unwarranted demands with menaces to make personal gains for themselves or someone else or with the intent to cause a loss for someone else.\nAn exception exists if:\nthe person making the demands believes they have reasonable grounds for making them\nthey believe the use of menaces is a proper way of enforcing the demand.\n\nThe courts have held that \"menaces\" are to be interpreted broadly.\n\nThe penalty is an unlimited fine, a period of imprisonment for up to 14 years or both.\n\nAssault with intent to cause bodily harm or commit an indictable offence\nWhile the main law that deals with assault is the Non-Fatal Offences Against the Person Act 1997, section 18 of this act creates another offence of assault with intent to cause bodily harm or to commit an indictable offence. It covers aggravated assaults when there is intent to injure or commit an indictable offence. \n\nThe penalty is an unlimited fine, a period of imprisonment for up to 5 years or both.\n\nAssault or obstruction of a peace officer\nIt is an offence to threaten a peace officer or someone providing medical services at a hospital.\nPeace officers are:\nmembers of the Garda Síochána\nmembers of the Fire Brigade\nAmbulance personnel\nPrison officers\nmembers of the Defence Forces.\n\nThis covers assaults on:\na peace officer or someone providing medical services at a hospital\nanyone assisting a peace officer or someone providing medical services.\n\nIt is also an offence to assault such people to prevent the lawful arrest or detention of someone for an offence.\n\nThe penalty is an unlimited fine, a period of imprisonment for up to 7 years or both.\n\nSomeone could also be guilty of this offence for obstructing:\na peace officer or someone providing medical services at a hospital\nanyone assisting a peace officer or someone providing medical services.\nSomeone found guilty of this crime is liable on summary conviction to a class C fine, a maximum term of imprisonment of 6 months or both.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nCriminal Justice (Public Order) Act, 1994 at Irish Statute Book\n\n1994 in Irish law\nActs of the Oireachtas of the 1990s\nAnti-social behaviour\nIrish law", "Be Someone Else is the second studio album by Portuguese singer-songwriter Slimmy. Saul Davies was first set to be the producer of the album, however, such collaboration wasn't possible and Slimmy started working on the album with his longtime producers Quico Serrano and Mark J Turner. Other musicians joined Slimmy for the recording of the album: Paulo Garim in the bass and Tó-Zé in the drums, who already worked with slimmy in Beatsound Loverboy, and Gustavo Silva, in the keyboards and Daniel Santos in the guitar as guest musicians. He mentioned that all production process happened because of him and that he was the one with the \"last word\" on his projects, not the bands or producers that he worked with. Originally due for release in May 2010, the album's release was pushed back to June 14, 2010. The album was released in three formats: the physical standard edition, the physical deluxe edition with 2 discs and the digital format featuring 10 tracks.\n\nSlimmy defined the album as \"freedom, with a bit of \"teasing\" and \"sexual\", an album full of strong songs dedicated to his fans. The album is essentially a rock album, a completely opposite of Beatsound Loverboy, which features a more electronic sound, keeping, however, the same connection between rock and electro music. In an interview with JN Slimmy declared that the album feels more organic and less electronic because in Beatsound Loverboy, there was no one else to play the songs but him. While maintaining his irreverence, Slimmy guarantees, however, that what matters is to make music that people intending to sing and lyrics that people can understand. He also said that he already received criticism for not being a singer with a proper style, but \"I try to provide different sensations to people.\n\nSlimmy's most significant promotion marked the beginning of \"A Very Slimmy Tour\", starting on February 18, 2011, at the Kastrus River Klub in Esposende and ending on April 30, 2011, at the Pitch Club in Porto. Slimmy's \"Be Someone Else Tour\" began on May 6, 2011, with its opening show at the Academy Week in Mirandela. Neither of the album's singles, \"Be Someone Else\" and \"The Games You Play\", were particularly successful, charting anywhere. Critical response to the album was generally favorable, with critics praising Quico Serrano and Mark Turner's Be Someone Elses polished production, calling the album more direct and humanized than Beatsound Loverboy. \"Be Someone Else\" was a commercial disappointment, the album didn't manage to chart on any official chart company to date. Two music videos were released from the album: \"The Games You Play\", produced by Ana Andrade, Carla Fardilha, Clara Araújo Teixeira and Helena Oliveira, premiered on November 17, 2009, on YouTube and \"Be Someone Else\", produced by Riot Films and premiered on June 27, 2010.\n\nBackground and development\n\nProduction\nSlimmy started working on the album with his longtime producers Quico Serrano and Mark Turner by the third quarter of 2009. Saul Davies was first set to be the producer of the album, however, Davies was on tour with the band James at the time, making such collaboration impossible. Other musicians joined Slimmy for the recording of the album: Paulo Garim in the bass and Tó-Zé in the drums, who already worked with slimmy in Beatsound Loverboy, and Gustavo Silva, in the keyboards and Daniel Santos in the guitar as guest musicians. Slimmy commented that most songs on the album are re-recordings which were recorded in Portugal in 2006 and 2007, however, these suffered some changes during the recording sessions at the Wrong Planet Studios in the UK, to improve their sound quality.\n\nIn an interview with Susana Faria of JPN, Slimmy defined the album as \"freedom, with a bit of \"teasing\" and \"sexual\", an album full of strong songs dedicated to my fans\". During this same interview, Slimmy talked about the album:\n\nConcept and music\n\nThe album is essentially a rock album, a completely opposite of Beatsound Loverboy, which features a more electronic sound, keeping, however, the same connection between rock and electro music. Slimmy has been influenced by rock artists such as Placebo, IAMX and Kings of Leon. Slimmy explained that Be Someone Else sounds different from Beatsound Loverboy because of its complex and structured production. Slimmy mentioned that Be Someone Else is less individualist than Beatsound Loverboy, he declares that this album is like \"a message about being who you are\", while his previous album talked about his past experiences, specially about his experience in London. In an interview with Palco Principal, Slimmy was asked if he missed the \"One Man Show\" times. He declared that \"Doesn't matter how big the bands that play with me are, I will always feel like \"one\", because, in this new record, I was the one who spent nights working on the album, not my band\". He also mentioned that all production process happened because of him and that he was the one with the \"last word\" on his projects, not the bands or producers that he worked with. During this same interview, Slimmy confessed that is always good to have someone with great ideas to work with, in this case, he was talking about him. He explained: \"if there were five persons creating music, there would be a lot of mess, that's why do it all and I'm glad people trust in me for that\".\n\n\"I Can't Live Without You in This Town\", an electro rock ballad, makes a markable difference from the other tracks, some critics called the chorus of the song memorable. The song is dedicated to a girl Slimmy met in Texas in 2004. The album also features a song entitled \"Together 4ever\" remixed by DJ Ride. The song \"Beatsound Loverboy\", included on the Beatsound Loverboy Remixes EP, was also remixed by DJ Ride.\n\nIn an interview with JN Slimmy declared that the album feels more organic and less electronic because in Beatsound Loverboy, there was no one else to play the songs but him. He explained that with the trio now completely formed, it is a whole different concept, everything sounds different, and their presence on stage is more energetic and trustful. Slimmy also declared that SLIMMY is no longer a solo project, but also belongs to those who follow it. In an interview with Jornal Metro, Slimmy said that the album reflects the maturity, greater stability in the mind. While maintaining his irreverence, Slimmy guarantees, however, that what matters is to \"make music that people intending to sing and lyrics that people can understand. I do not do things to shock\", he also said that he already received criticism for not being a singer with a proper style, but \"I try to provide different sensations to people. When I sing alive, I sound much more rock, but in this album, there are many different spirit moods\".\n\nRelease and promotion \nOriginally due for release in May 2010, the album's release was pushed back to June 14, 2010. It was released in three formats: the physical standard edition, featuring 10 tracks; the physical deluxe edition with 2 discs, the first disc featuring the standard 10 track listing plus a bonus remix of \"Together 4ever\" and the second disc, released in digipack format together with the other CD, featuring remixes of 8 songs from Beatsound Loverboy; and the digital format featuring 10 tracks. Both standard and deluxe edition's jewel case CD contained a booklet with alternative covers.\n\nIn an interview with Palco Principal, on March 23, 2010, Slimmy revealed the title of the album. He explained: \"As a first resort, when I wrote the lyrics of the song [\"Be Someone Else\"], I just wanted to warn those who not work, but still waiting for results. If you want to be somebody, you have to give much of yourself, is not enough to \"give less and expect more\". However, over the years, I realized that music was also for the kind of people that bring us down. Life is not a race. We must be ourselves, open our eyes and always look forward.\"\n\nWhile being interviewed by Palco Principal, Slimmy declared he was bit \"unsure\" about the promotion process of the album, he affirmed that he already had shows to make in France and Germany, but his real intention was to tour Portugal intensively, because he felt he had no success in his country. The first promotional concert toke place at the Cidade do Porto Shopping on March 26, 2010, where Slimmy sang a few songs from his album, including \"The Games You Play\" and \"Be Someone Else\". Slimmy also promoted his album in Albufeira, at the Algarve Shopping's Fnac on November 27, 2010. Slimmy's next significant promotion marked the beginning of \"A Very Slimmy Tour\", where Slimmy performed songs from his two albums. It started on February 18, 2011, at the Kastrus River Klub in Esposende and ended on April 30, 2011, at the Pitch Club in Porto. The first music video to be released was \"The Games You Play\", produced by Ana Andrade, Carla Fardilha, Clara Araújo Teixeira and Helena Oliveira. It premiered on November 17, 2010, on YouTube. A music video was also made for \"Be Someone Else\", produced by Riot Films. It premiered on June 27, 2010, on YouTube. Slimmy's \"Be Someone Else Tour\" began on May 6, 2011, with its opening show at the Academy Week in Mirandela. Future show dates will be added on 1bigo's Facebook page. Slimmy also performed at the Queima das Fitas in Viana do Castelo on May 15, 2011.\n\nSingles \n\"Be Someone Else\" was unveiled as the album's lead single. The song was written by Fernandes and produced by Quico Serrano and Mark Turner. It was released to MySpace on January 1, 2010. \"The Games You Play\", also written by Fernandes and produced by Quico Serrano and Mark Turner, was released as the second single of the album on March 6, 2010, on the iTunes Store. \"The Games You Play\" premiered on the Antena 3 radio station on September 20, 2009 and was released on Slimmy's MySpace profile on September 30, 2009, as a promotional song. Neither of the album's singles were particularly successful, charting anywhere. Despite not being released as a single, \"I Can't Live Without You in This Town\" is available for digital purchase at Amazon since June 14, 2010. It charted at number 152 at the Metropolis Chart, and it was featured on the eighth season of the Portuguese soap opera Morangos com Açúcar.\n\nCritical reception \n\nSince its release, the album has received favorable reviews from contemporary music critics. A Trompa gave the album a favorable review, commenting that \"[the album is] fast and oriented to be devoured in dance floors or other places of similar excitement and socializing\" it \"clearly evokes a modern rock that welcomes people to it\". A Trompa also praised Quico Serrano and Mark Turner's polished production, calling the album more direct and humanized then Beatsound Loverboy. CDGO gave the album a positive review and commented that the album is more eclectic and that \"it will surely satisfy the fans and other lovers of electronic music.\nSlimmy emphasizes again his unmistakable style, both musical and his image, proving to be one of the most promising musicians of the new generation of national music.\" Ágata Ricca from Palco Principal also gave the album a favorable review and stated that \"[the album] marks the difference with the previous one, due to Slimmy's mature and reflective attitude\" and that the album does not \"change Slimmy's past, it just emphasize it and strengthen it\". Ágata Ricca also praised the song \"I Can't Live Without You in This Town\" for its markable difference from the other tracks, calling the chorus of the song memorable. She also said that some other tracks of the album are pretty \"danceable\".\n\nTrack listing\n\nDeluxe edition\n\nPersonnel \nTaken from iOnline.\nPerformance Credits\nPaulo Fernandes – main vocals, guitar\nPaulo Garim – bass\nTó-Zé – drums\n\nTechnical credits\nQuico Serrano – Record producer\nMark Turner – producer\n\nCharts\n\nSongs\n\nRelease history\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n \"Be Someone Else\" at iTunes.\n Slimmymusic.com, Slimmy's official website.\n\n2010 albums\nSlimmy albums" ]

[ "David Simon", "Homicide: Life on the Street", "How did Homicide life on the street come about?", "The publishers of Homicide: A Year on the Killing Streets were eager for a screen adaptation and submitted it to numerous directors but there was little interest.", "What director became interested?", "film director Barry Levinson.", "What was the name of the show?", "TV series Homicide: Life on the Street (1993-1999),", "What happened next with the project?", "Simon was asked by Mutrux to write the show's pilot episode but declined, feeling he did not have the necessary expertise.", "Did he have to work with someone else?", "He collaborated with his old college friend David Mills to write the season two premiere \"" ]

[ "Edipo Re is an opera generally attributed to Ruggero Leoncavallo, although there is some dispute about the authorship. The libretto is by Giovacchino Forzano It had its premiere in Chicago in 1920.\n\nThe opera was published posthumously in 1920 and was completed and orchestrated by Giovanni Pennacchio. Leoncavallo biographer Konrad Dryden disputes whether Leoncavallo composed the opera at all, stating that \"it is extremely doubtful whether Edipo Re, Maschera nuda or the short operetta Il primo bacio had anything to do with the composer at all.\" Other sources continue to attribute it to Leoncavallo with completion by Pennacchio.\n\nEdipo Re was premiered by the Chicago Opera in 1920. It had its Italian operatic premiere in 1958, although a performance was broadcast on Italian radio in 1939.\n\nThe plot of Edipo Re is based on Sophocles' Oedipus Rex. According to music journalist William Schoelle, the opera contains \"a dynamic opening chorus, excellent vocal writing, a major aria for Oedipus, and a sublime love duet whose only disappointing factor is its brevity. Some of the music for the opera is taken from Leoncavallo's 1904 opera Der Roland von Berlin.\n\nReferences\n\nOperas\nOperas by Ruggero Leoncavallo\n1920 operas\nOperas set in Greece\nOperas based on works by Sophocles", "\"Was There Anything I Could Do?\" is a song by the Australian alternative rock band The Go-Betweens that was issued as the second single from their sixth album 16 Lovers Lane. The song was released 3 October 1988 by Beggars Banquet Records in the UK and Mushroom Records in Australia but failed to chart in either region. It was released as a promotional single in the US by Capitol Records and charted on Billboard's Modern Rock Tracks charts in the United States, peaking at No. 16.\n\n\"Was There Anything I Could Do?\" was not necessarily the unanimous choice by all members of the band, with claims by some that they wanted Forster's \"Clouds\" whilst McLennan pushed for the song as it was more driving and anthemic.\n\nCover versions \nThe song was covered by Maxïmo Park and included on a limited edition compilation album, released in July 2008 to celebrate the launch of Independents Day.\n\nIn 2010 a cover of the song by The Buzzards, was included on a Go-Betweens tribute album, Right Here.\n\nFranz Ferdinand in November 2013 covered the song on Triple J's Like a Version programme.\n\nIn 2014 a cover of the song by Missy Higgins was included on her album, Oz.\n\nTrack listing\n\nOriginal 7\" Vinyl release\n \"Was There Anything I Could Do?\" - 3:06\n \"Rock and Roll Friend\" - 3:30\n\nOriginal 12\" Vinyl release\n \"Was There Anything I Can Do?\" - 3:06\n \"Rock and Roll Friend\" - 3:30\n \"Mexican Postcard\" - 2:13\n\nOriginal CD single release\n \"Was There Anything I Can Do?\" - 3:06\n \"Rock and Roll Friend\" - 3:30\n \"Mexican Postcard\" - 2:13\n \"Bye Bye Pride\" - 4:06\n\nRelease history\n\nNotes\nA. :The US release was a 12\" promotional release with \"Was There Anything I Could Do?\" on each side.\n\nCharts\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n [ \"Was There Anything I Could Do?\"] @ AllMusic\n \"Was There Anything I Could Do?\" @ MusicBrainz\n \"Was There Anything I Could Do?\" @ Discogs\n Video\n Alternate Video\n\n1988 singles\nThe Go-Betweens songs\n1988 songs\nMushroom Records singles\nBeggars Banquet Records singles\nSongs written by Grant McLennan\nSongs written by Robert Forster (musician)" ]

[ "David Simon", "Homicide: Life on the Street", "How did Homicide life on the street come about?", "The publishers of Homicide: A Year on the Killing Streets were eager for a screen adaptation and submitted it to numerous directors but there was little interest.", "What director became interested?", "film director Barry Levinson.", "What was the name of the show?", "TV series Homicide: Life on the Street (1993-1999),", "What happened next with the project?", "Simon was asked by Mutrux to write the show's pilot episode but declined, feeling he did not have the necessary expertise.", "Did he have to work with someone else?", "He collaborated with his old college friend David Mills to write the season two premiere \"", "Was there anything significant about the premiere?", "The episode was based on a story by executive producer Tom Fontana and featured Robin Williams in a guest starring role" ]

[ "Přírodní park Třebíčsko (before Oblast klidu Třebíčsko) is a natural park near Třebíč in the Czech Republic. There are many interesting plants. The park was founded in 1983.\n\nKobylinec and Ptáčovský kopeček\n\nKobylinec is a natural monument situated ca 0,5 km from the village of Trnava.\nThe area of this monument is 0,44 ha. Pulsatilla grandis can be found here and in the Ptáčovský kopeček park near Ptáčov near Třebíč. Both monuments are very popular for tourists.\n\nPonds\n\nIn the natural park there are some interesting ponds such as Velký Bor, Malý Bor, Buršík near Přeckov and a brook Březinka. Dams on the brook are examples of European beaver activity.\n\nSyenitové skály near Pocoucov\n\nSyenitové skály (rocks of syenit) near Pocoucov is one of famed locations. There are interesting granite boulders. The area of the reservation is 0,77 ha.\n\nExternal links\nParts of this article or all article was translated from Czech. The original article is :cs:Přírodní park Třebíčsko.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nNature near the village Trnava which is there\n\nTřebíč\nParks in the Czech Republic\nTourist attractions in the Vysočina Region", "Damn Interesting is an independent website founded by Alan Bellows in 2005. The website presents true stories from science, history, and psychology, primarily as long-form articles, often illustrated with original artwork. Works are written by various authors, and published at irregular intervals. The website openly rejects advertising, relying on reader and listener donations to cover operating costs.\n\nAs of October 2012, each article is also published as a podcast under the same name. In November 2019, a second podcast was launched under the title Damn Interesting Week, featuring unscripted commentary on an assortment of news articles featured on the website's \"Curated Links\" section that week. In mid-2020, a third podcast called Damn Interesting Curio Cabinet began highlighting the website's periodic short-form articles in the same radioplay format as the original podcast.\n\nIn July 2009, Damn Interesting published the print book Alien Hand Syndrome through Workman Publishing. It contains some favorites from the site and some exclusive content.\n\nAwards and recognition \nIn August 2007, PC Magazine named Damn Interesting one of the \"Top 100 Undiscovered Web Sites\".\nThe article \"The Zero-Armed Bandit\" by Alan Bellows won a 2015 Sidney Award from David Brooks in The New York Times.\nThe article \"Ghoulish Acts and Dastardly Deeds\" by Alan Bellows was cited as \"nonfiction journalism from 2017 that will stand the test of time\" by Conor Friedersdorf in The Atlantic.\nThe article \"Dupes and Duplicity\" by Jennifer Lee Noonan won a 2020 Sidney Award from David Brooks in the New York Times.\n\nAccusing The Dollop of plagiarism \n\nOn July 9, 2015, Bellows posted an open letter accusing The Dollop, a comedy podcast about history, of plagiarism due to their repeated use of verbatim text from Damn Interesting articles without permission or attribution. Dave Anthony, the writer of The Dollop, responded on reddit, admitting to using Damn Interesting content, but claiming that the use was protected by fair use, and that \"historical facts are not copyrightable.\" In an article about the controversy on Plagiarism Today, Jonathan Bailey concluded, \"Any way one looks at it, The Dollop failed its ethical obligations to all of the people, not just those writing for Damn Interesting, who put in the time, energy and expertise into writing the original content upon which their show is based.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Official website\n\n2005 podcast debuts" ]

[ "Joe McGinnity", "Early career" ]

[ "The city of Batum (now Batumi) in modern-day Georgia issued revenue stamps in 1918 while under British occupation. A set of 7 from 20k to 30R was originally issued, and this was later overprinted BRITISH OCCUPATION. The 20k was later also surcharged 20 руб., for 20 rubles.\n\nSee also\nPostage stamps of Batum under British occupation\n\nReferences\n\nBatumi\nBatum\nEconomy of Georgia (country)", "\"Mississippi Delta\" is a song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Bobbie Gentry. The song was produced by Kelly Gordon and Bobby Parris. It was originally released as the B-side of Gentry's debut single \"Ode to Billie Joe\" on July 10, 1967. It was released as Gentry's debut single in Japan on October 5, 1967, with \"Ode to Billie Joe\" as the B-side. \"Ode to Billie Joe\" would be issued as single in Japan in May 1968 with \"Niki Hoeky\" as the B-side.\n\nBackground\nGentry's sole ambition originally was to write songs to sell to other artists, telling the Washington Post that she only sang on the recording of \"Ode to Billie Joe\" that she took to Capitol because it was cheaper than hiring someone to sing it. Gentry also brought \"Mississippi Delta\" to Capitol on the same demo tape and it was this recording, rather than \"Ode to Billie Joe\", that initially got her signed. In retrospect, the track is more obviously commercial and reflects what was on the charts in 1967. Gentry most likely recorded the song at Whitney Recording Studio in Glendale, California. She recorded a 12-song demo that would become the basis of her debut album.\n\nGentry was officially signed to Capitol Records on June 23, 1967. The \"demo\" tracks became the album masters; the purchased recording of \"Mississippi Delta\" was the version issued, but \"Ode to Billie Joe\" had a string arrangement by Jimmie Haskell dubbed onto the original recording at Capitol. It was the day after the string session that Capitol's A&R team decided definitively that \"Ode to Billie Joe\" would be the A-side.\n\nCritical reception\nRichie Unterberger of AllMusic praised the track, calling it a \"gloriously tough, throaty swamp rock; few other women pop singers have sounded as raw.\"\n\nCommercial performance\n\"Mississippi Delta\" was released as Gentry's debut single in Japan in October 1967 and did not chart.\n\nTrack listing\nCapitol CR-1789\n\"Mississippi Delta\" (Bobbie Gentry) – 3:00\n\"Ode to Billie Joe\" (Gentry) – 4:15\n\nPersonnel\nAdapted from the single liner notes.\nBobbie Gentry - vocals\nKelly Gordon – producer\nBobby Paris – producer\n\nReferences\n\n1967 singles\nBobbie Gentry songs" ]

[ "Joe McGinnity", "Early career", "What was Joe's occupation originally?", "He pitched for semi-professional teams based in Decatur in 1888 and 1889." ]

[ "David Blair Motorsports (DBM) is a former NASCAR Winston Cup team. It was formed in 1995 by attorney David Blair. It only ran a few years in the circuit, and never could hang onto a regular sponsor.\n\n1996 \nDavid Blair Motorsports began racing in 1996, the No. 27 team having been acquired in its entirety from Junior Johnson & Associates. It was able to keep the number, 27, and the driver, Elton Sawyer. Sawyer and the team got off to a disappointing start, failing to qualify for two races and only mustering up a best finish of 19th at the spring Atlanta race. After the Coca-Cola 600, Sawyer was released due to a lack of funding for the operation, and the team suspended operations to reorganize. After a failed attempt at the Brickyard 400 with Jason Keller driving, DBM reappeared at the Mountain Dew Southern 500 with Todd Bodine driving. Bodine qualified sixteenth and finished 15th. Bodine ran two more races with the team that season, never qualifying outside the top 20.\n\n1997 \nAfter starting 1997 off with no driver or sponsor, the team finally hooked up a deal with Rick Wilson to run selected events that season. The team returned at the Miller 400 at Michigan, where Wilson started 31st and finished 21st. He had the same finish later in the year at the Brickyard 400 in a car sponsored by the Indianapolis Colts. In September that year, Blair was hired by Robert Yates Racing to field a car for their new driver, Kenny Irwin, Jr., to prepare him for his rookie year in 1998. In his first start with the team at Richmond International Raceway, Irwin qualified on the outside pole. He followed that up with taking the lead at lap 86 and holding it for the next 12 laps before finishing in eighth place. In his next start, at Martinsville Speedway, he qualified third but had to make an early exit due to a fuel pump problem. He ran two more races that year before moving to RYR full-time for 1998.\n\n1998 \nDBM began 1998 in a familiar place: no sponsor. Despite signing Tommy Kendall to drive early on, the team was unable to locate a sponsor for the year, and Kendall left the team. This did not stop the team from looking towards the future, as they built a full shop of Ford Tauruses to prepare for a full-time run. A successful test at Darlington Speedway with Mike Wallace yielded optimism for 1999, but by November, it was obvious the situation hadn't gotten any better. As a result, Blair laid off all of his employees and sold the shop and equipment to Travis Carter Motorsports. Under the TCM banner, the old David Blair team ran for five years with mediocre results, before disappearing in 2003.\n\nReferences\n\n1996 establishments in North Carolina\n1998 disestablishments in North Carolina\nCompanies based in North Carolina\nDefunct NASCAR teams\nAmerican auto racing teams\nDefunct companies based in North Carolina", "The 1973 Cleveland Browns season was the team's 24th season with the National Football League. After a solid 1972 season, which included a playoff appearance, the Browns got off to a solid start, winning three of their first four games on the way to a 7-3-1 start. However, the Browns did not win another game the rest of the season and settled for third place with a 7-5-2 record.\n\nOffseason\n\nDraft\n\nJack Simmons middle linebacker\n\nPreseason\n\nRegular season schedule \n\nNote: Intra-division opponents are in bold text.\n\nSeason summary\n\nWeek 1\n\nWeek 2\n\nWeek 3\n\nWeek 4\n\nWeek 5\n\nWeek 6\n\nWeek 7\n\nWeek 8\n\nWeek 9\n\nWeek 10\n\nWeek 11\n\nWeek 12\n\nWeek 13\n\nWeek 14\n\nStandings\n\nReferences \n\nCleveland\nCleveland Browns seasons\nCleveland Browns" ]

[ "Joe McGinnity", "Early career", "What was Joe's occupation originally?", "He pitched for semi-professional teams based in Decatur in 1888 and 1889.", "What team did he start off with?", "made his professional debut with the Colts in 1893." ]

[ "What You Hear Is What You Get – Live at Carnegie Hall is a live album by R&B duo Ike & Tina Turner released on United Artists Records in 1971.\n\nRecording and release \nWhat You Hear Is What You Get – Live at Carnegie Hall is a live recording of Ike & Tina Turner's doubleheader at the Carnegie Hall in New York City on April 1, 1971. The second show carried on into the early hours of April 2. Musician Fats Domino was the opening act.\n\nIn addition to Ike Turner-penned songs, the album includes interpretations of songs from Otis Redding, Sly Stone and the Family Stone, the Rolling Stones and their latest hit at the time, \"Proud Mary\" by Creedence Clearwater Revival. The album was released three months after the concert in July 1971. It reached No. 7 on the Billboard Soul LPs chart and No. 25 on the Top LPs chart. It was certified Gold by the RIAA in 1972.\n\nWhat You Hear Is What You Get – Live at Carnegie Hall was the subject of the TV special Faberge Album of the Month, a series which featured \"top contemporary recording artists and their hit LP's.\"\n\nCritical reception \n\nThe album was chosen as Pick of the Week for Record World magazine.\n\nRecord World (July 3, 1971): \"This boisterous two-record volume is what a Carnegie Hall audience got live not too long ago. When those who have paid their dues are discussed, Ike and Tina just about head the list. Tops.\"\n\nBillboard (July 3, 1971): This 2 record set of the Ike & Tina Turner revue's recent Carnegie Hall concert only hints at the charge of excitement generated by the Ikettes, Ike, and, especially Tina Turner before the capacity crowd. \"Proud Mary,\" \"Honky Tonk Women,\" \"Ooh Poo Pah Doo,\" and excitingly visual \"I've Been Loving You Too Long,\" suggests the frenzied entertainment they provided.\n\nReissues \nWhat You Hear Is What You Get – Live at Carnegie Hall was reissued on CD by EMI Records in 1996. In 2012, it was digitally remastered and released on CD by BGO Records.\n\nTrack listing\n\nChart performance\n\nCertification and sales\n\nReferences \n\n1971 live albums\nIke & Tina Turner live albums\nAlbums produced by Ike Turner\nUnited Artists Records live albums\nLive funk rock albums", "T.I.M.E. (The Inner Mind's Eye) is the second and final studio album from Long Island hip hop group Leaders of the New School. This effort didn't fare nearly as well as their debut album A Future Without a Past..., receiving mixed reviews. After the album's release, the group began having both creative and personal problems resulting in their disbandment.\n\nElektra Records A&R Dante Ross revealed that aside from internal conflict, another thing that caused the group to disband was their insistence to release T.I.M.E. (The Inner Mind's Eye) - against Ross' objections.\n\nWhen Leaders of the New School turned in their second album it was bad – from me to you, it wasn’t a good record. I tried to change the record, make it better. They went back in the studio, had to do it again. It wasn’t working. Busta though, I knew was a star. Busta was killing it on the ‘Scenario’ remix, and when we went to make the second Leaders of the New School record I had Q-Tip ready to help me make the whole record with them, like the way he did for Mobb Deep’s album. None of them dude’s were with it except Bus, and I saw right there that Bus is smarter than these dudes – he’s thinking. I’m gonna be honest with you, making that record – when they turned it in the first time, and I knew it was wack and I sent back in – I told Chris Lighty and Lyor Cohen, ‘It’s time to think about Busta doin’ a solo record.’ In the interim of that record comin’ out, ‘Flava in Ya Ear’ [remix] came out, so I was verified that he was a star to me. I knew the record was bad, that when they turned it in the second time I couldn’t make it no better – they would not let me. I was like, ‘Yo, put the record out, it’s not gonna perform but let’s get Busta thinkin’ solo deal’. And that’s what happened.\n\nThe single \"What's Next\" peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot Rap Singles chart in 1993.\n\nTrack listing\n\n Unreleased tracks \"Emotional\" and \"Oooh Baby\" was left off the album.\n\nChart positions\n\nAlbum\n\nSingles\n\nReferences\n\n1993 albums\nLeaders of the New School albums\nElektra Records albums" ]

[ "Joe McGinnity", "Early career", "What was Joe's occupation originally?", "He pitched for semi-professional teams based in Decatur in 1888 and 1889.", "What team did he start off with?", "made his professional debut with the Colts in 1893.", "What was their record?", "The league folded as a result of financial troubles related to the Panic of 1893." ]

[ "Liga Nasional () was an amateur football league in Malaysia. It was established in 1992 as amateur competition for the football club to compete in Malaysian football league system.\n\nThe league only ran for one season before folding the following year.\n\nHistory\n\nFounding \nA football league competition involving the representative sides of the state football association was first held in Malaysia in 1979. When it began, it was intended primarily as a qualifying tournament for the final knock-out stages of the Malaysia Cup. It was not until 1982 that a League Cup was introduced to recognise the winners of the preliminary stage as the league champions. Over the years, the league competition has gained important stature in its own right.\n\nInitially the only teams allowed to participate in the league were the state FA's sides, teams representing the Military of Malaysia, the Royal Malaysian Police, and teams representing the neighbouring countries of Singapore and Brunei (though the Football Association of Singapore pulled out of the Malaysian League after the 1994 season following a dispute with the Football Association of Malaysia over gate receipts, and has not been involved since).\n\nIn 1992, FAM created another amateur league for local clubs in Malaysia to compete in, called the National League in Malay) The league was managed by FAM outside entity, Super Club Sdn. Bhd. Some of the clubs which compete in the league are Hong Chin, Muar FA, PKNK from Kedah, DBKL, PKNS, BSN, LPN, BBMB, Proton, PPC and PKENJ. Unfortunately, the league only ran for a one season before it folded. Some of the clubs were then evolved and joined the main league, such as PKENJ, which became JCorp and now as JDT.\n\nDemise \nThe league only ran for one season before folding the following year.\n\nTeams \nBelow is the list of some teams competing in the first and only season of Liga Nasional.\n\n Hong Chin\n Muar\n PKNK\n DBKL\n PKNS\n BSN\n LPN\n BBMB\n Proton\n PPC\n PKENJ\n\nReferences \n\n4\nSports leagues established in 1992", "Geometric Exercises in Paper Folding is a book on the mathematics of paper folding. It was written by Indian mathematician T. Sundara Row, first published in India in 1893, and later republished in many other editions. Its topics include paper constructions for regular polygons, symmetry, and algebraic curves. According to historian of mathematics Michael Friedman, it became \"one of the main engines of the popularization of folding as a mathematical activity\".\n\nPublication history\nGeometric Exercises in Paper Folding was first published by Addison & Co. in Madras in 1893. The book became known in Europe through a remark of Felix Klein in his book Vorträge über ausgewählte Fragen der Elementargeometrie (1895) and its translation Famous Problems Of Elementary Geometry (1897). Based on the success of Geometric Exercises in Paper Folding in Germany, the Open Court Press of Chicago published it in the US, with updates by Wooster Woodruff Beman and David Eugene Smith. Although Open Court listed four editions of the book, published in 1901, 1905, 1917, and 1941, the content did not change between these editions. The fourth edition was also published in London by La Salle, and both presses reprinted the fourth edition in 1958.\n\nThe contributions of Beman and Smith to the Open Court editions have been described as \"translation and adaptation\", despite the fact that the original 1893 edition was already in English. Beman and Smith also replaced many footnotes by references to their own work, replaced some of the diagrams by photographs, and removed some remarks specific to India. In 1966, Dover Publications of New York published a reprint of the 1905 edition, and other publishers of out-of-copyright works have also printed editions of the book.\n\nTopics\nGeometric Exercises in Paper Folding shows how to construct various geometric figures using paper-folding in place of the classical Greek Straightedge and compass constructions.\n\nThe book begins by constructing regular polygons beyond the classical constructible polygons of 3, 4, or 5 sides, or of any power of two times these numbers, and the construction by Carl Friedrich Gauss of the heptadecagon, it also provides a paper-folding construction of the regular nonagon, not possible with compass and straightedge. The nonagon construction involves angle trisection, but Rao is vague about how this can be performed using folding; an exact and rigorous method for folding-based trisection would have to wait until the work in the 1930s of Margherita Piazzola Beloch. The construction of the square also includes a discussion of the Pythagorean theorem. The book uses high-order regular polygons to provide a geometric calculation of pi.\n\nA discussion of the symmetries of the plane includes congruence, similarity, and collineations of the projective plane; this part of the book also covers some of the major theorems of projective geometry including Desargues's theorem, Pascal's theorem, and Poncelet's closure theorem.\n\nLater chapters of the book show how to construct algebraic curves including the conic sections, the conchoid, the cubical parabola, the witch of Agnesi), the cissoid of Diocles, and the Cassini ovals. The book also provides a gnomon-based proof of Nicomachus's theorem that the sum of the first cubes is the square of the sum of the first integers, and material on other arithmetic series, geometric series, and harmonic series.\n\nThere are 285 exercises, and many illustrations, both in the form of diagrams and (in the updated editions) photographs.\n\nInfluences\nTandalam Sundara Row was born in 1853, the son of a college principal, and earned a bachelor's degree at the Kumbakonam College in 1874, with second-place honours in mathematics. He became a tax collector in Tiruchirappalli, retiring in 1913, and pursued mathematics as an amateur. As well as Geometric Exercises in Paper Folding, he also wrote a second book, Elementary Solid Geometry, published in three parts from 1906 to 1909.\n\nOne of the sources of inspiration for Geometric Exercises in Paper Folding was Kindergarten Gift No. VIII: Paper-folding. This was one of the Froebel gifts, a set of kindergarten activities designed in the early 19th century by Friedrich Fröbel. The book was also influenced by an earlier Indian geometry textbook, First Lessons in Geometry, by Bhimanakunte Hanumantha Rao (1855–1922). First Lessons drew inspiration from Fröbel's gifts in setting exercises based on paper-folding, and from the book Elementary Geometry: Congruent Figures by Olaus Henrici in using a definition of geometric congruence based on matching shapes to each other and well-suited for folding-based geometry.\n\nIn turn, Geometric Exercises in Paper Folding inspired other works of mathematics. A chapter in Mathematische Unterhaltungen und Spiele [Mathematical Recreations and Games] by Wilhelm Ahrens (1901) concerns folding and is based on Rao's book, inspiring the inclusion of this material in several other books on recreational mathematics. Other mathematical publications have studied the curves that can be generated by the folding processes used in Geometric Exercises in Paper Folding. In 1934, Margherita Piazzola Beloch began her research on axiomatizing the mathematics of paper-folding, a line of work that would eventually lead to the Huzita–Hatori axioms in the late 20th century. Beloch was explicitly inspired by Rao's book, titling her first work in this area \"Alcune applicazioni del metodo del ripiegamento della carta di Sundara Row\" [\"Several applications of the method of folding a paper of Sundara Row\"].\n\nAudience and reception\nThe original intent of Geometric Exercises in Paper Folding was twofold: as an aid in geometry instruction,\nand as a work of recreational mathematics to inspire interest in geometry in a general audience. Edward Mann Langley, reviewing the 1901 edition, suggested that its content went well beyond what should be covered in a standard geometry course. And in their own textbook on geometry using paper-folding exercises, The First Book of Geometry (1905), Grace Chisholm Young and William Henry Young heavily criticized Geometric Exercises in Paper Folding, writing that it is \"too difficult for a child, and too infantile for a grown person\". However, reviewing the 1966 Dover edition, mathematics educator Pamela Liebeck called it \"remarkably relevant\" to the discovery learning techniques for geometry instruction of the time, and in 2016 computational origami expert Tetsuo Ida, introducing an attempt to formalize the mathematics of the book, wrote \"After 123 years, the significance of the book remains.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nMadras edition and Open Court edition of Geometric Exercises in Paper Folding on the Internet Archive\n\nPaper folding\nMathematics books\nIndian mathematics\n1893 non-fiction books\n1901 non-fiction books\n1966 non-fiction books" ]

[ "Joe McGinnity", "Early career", "What was Joe's occupation originally?", "He pitched for semi-professional teams based in Decatur in 1888 and 1889.", "What team did he start off with?", "made his professional debut with the Colts in 1893.", "What was their record?", "The league folded as a result of financial troubles related to the Panic of 1893.", "What was the result of the league folding?", "Jimmie Manning, manager of the Southern League franchise in Savannah, Georgia, became manager of the Kansas City Blues of the Class-A Western League for the 1894 season," ]

[ "The Boise Pilots were a minor league baseball team in the western United States, based in Boise, Idaho. They played in the Pioneer League for a total of 11 seasons between 1939 and 1954. They were unaffiliated with any major league team, and played at the Class C level. Their home venue was originally named Airway Park in 1939, and in 1952 was renamed Joe Devine Airway Park.\n\nHistory\nMinor league baseball began in Boise in 1904 when the Boise Fruit Pickers played as members of the Pacific National League. In 1905, the Boise Infants continued play in the Pacific National League. Boise fielded two teams in 1909, as Boise played as members of the Montana State League, and the Boise Irrigators were members of the Inter-Mountain League. The Boise Irrigators later played in the Union Association (1911, 1914) and Western Tri-State League (1912–1913).\n\nThe Boise Pilots immediately followed the Boise Senators of the 1928 Utah-Idaho League and were one of the six original teams of the Pioneer League when it was formed in 1939. The team competed through the 1951 season, except for three years during World War II when the league did not operate. Boise's team then became the Yankees, who were affiliated with New York during 1952 and 1953. That affiliation did not continue, and the team operated independently again as the Pilots in 1954. Boise's team then became a Milwaukee affiliate from 1955 through 1963, operating as the Braves. After the Braves' final season of 1963, the ballpark was demolished, and Boise was without a minor league team until the Boise A's of the Northwest League debuted in 1975.\n\nSeason records\n\nAll-stars\n\nNotable players\n Lee Maye\n Ford \"Moon\" Mullen\n Marv Rickert\n Floyd Robinson\n Gerry Staley\n\nSee also\nBoise Pilots players\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nBaseball Reference – Boise teams\nNWSABR – 1941 team photo\n\nBaseball teams established in 1939\nDefunct Pioneer League (baseball) teams\nProfessional baseball teams in Idaho\nSports in Boise, Idaho\n1939 establishments in Idaho\n1954 disestablishments in Idaho\nBaseball teams disestablished in 1954\nDefunct baseball teams in Idaho", "The Boise Yankees were a minor league baseball team in the western United States, based in Boise, Idaho. They played in the Class C Pioneer League in 1952 and 1953 as an affiliate of the New York Yankees, and their home venue was Joe Devine Airway Park, named for the late Yankee scout Joe Devine in 1952.\n\nHistory\nThe team was previously known as the unaffiliated Boise Pilots from 1939 to 1951 (except for three years during World War II when the league did not operate), while the Yankees' affiliates in the Pioneer League were previously the Twin Falls Cowboys (1946–51) and the Idaho Falls Russets (1940–41). The Yankees pulled out of the Pioneer League and the western U.S. after the 1953 season. The Boise team's name reverted to Pilots for 1954, then was the Boise Braves (affiliated with the Milwaukee Braves) from 1955 to 1963.\n\nA notable Boise Yankee was future country music star Charley Pride.\n\nSeason records\n\nNotable players\nWoodie Held\nKen Hunt\nJohnny James\nBob Martyn\nCharley Pride\n\nSee also\nBoise Yankees players\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nBaseball Reference – Boise teams\n\nDefunct Pioneer League (baseball) teams\nBaseball teams established in 1952\nProfessional baseball teams in Idaho\nNew York Yankees minor league affiliates\n1952 establishments in Idaho\nBaseball teams disestablished in 1953\n1953 disestablishments in Idaho\nSports in Boise, Idaho\nDefunct baseball teams in Idaho" ]

[ "Joe McGinnity", "Early career", "What was Joe's occupation originally?", "He pitched for semi-professional teams based in Decatur in 1888 and 1889.", "What team did he start off with?", "made his professional debut with the Colts in 1893.", "What was their record?", "The league folded as a result of financial troubles related to the Panic of 1893.", "What was the result of the league folding?", "Jimmie Manning, manager of the Southern League franchise in Savannah, Georgia, became manager of the Kansas City Blues of the Class-A Western League for the 1894 season,", "Did Joe buy any teams then?", "I don't know." ]

[ "\"Panic Prone\" is the third and final single from Chevelle's third album This Type of Thinking (Could Do Us In), and the album's sixth track.\n\nBackground \nDrummer Sam Loeffler said in an interview, \"Panic Prone is an interesting song because I've just recently learned what it's about. Pete was watching television and one of those commercials came on, 'Save the Children' commercials. That song is about making a decision whether you're going to sit on your couch and watch this happen or you're going to stand up and do something about it. That song isn't about if you should or shouldn't do it, it's just about – Are you going to do it? Is this my problem? I was really surprised that it was about that. I think one of the lines is actually about one of our friend's falling off the wagon, too. I think the first line might be about that.\"\n\nThe single did not achieve commercial success and peaked at number 26 on the Billboard Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks, that being the only category in which it charted.\n\nTrack listing\n\nCharts\n\nNotes \n\nChevelle (band) songs\n2004 songs\nSongs written by Pete Loeffler\nSongs written by Sam Loeffler\nSong recordings produced by Michael Baskette", "is a Japanese author and anime screenwriter from Shiga Prefecture, Japan. He is best known for the creation of the Full Metal Panic! franchise that includes light novels, manga and anime.\n\nGatoh first met with Koichi Chigira by accident when he bumped into him in Shinjuku when he was late for work. Later on, the two were shocked to meet with one another in the Gonzo Digimation office. The two would eventually team up to create the Full Metal Panic! anime television series.\n\n2019 Greta Thunberg Twitter controversy\nOn December 7, 2019, Shoji Gatoh posted controversial remarks to his Twitter feed in response to an NHK report about teenage environmental activist Greta Thunberg's appearance at COP25, a climate change conference in Spain. The comments read, \"I hate that kid. If I was the ruler of the world, I would steal everything from her, knock her into the depths of despair and ridicule her. On top of that, I'd feed her a delicious, piping hot steak and watch her shed bitter tears. I’d love to see that.\" Gatoh later removed his tweet in response to public backlash and apologized for writing it.\n\nTetsuro Kasahara, who illustrated the manga Full Metal Panic! Zero, tweeted in response, \"I did the art for a manga created by this person, but I don't agree with his remarks. I will no longer do any promotion for Full Metal Panic! Zero, nor draw any continuation. I will also donate any profits from the manga to environmental groups.\" Following the apology of Gatoh, he redacted this statement.\n\nWorks\nLight novels\n Full Metal Panic! series (published from December 18, 1999)\n Cop Craft: Dragnet Mirage Reloaded series (published from November 18, 2009)\n Amagi Brilliant Park series (published from February 20, 2013)\n\nManga\n Full Metal Panic! - Author\n Full Metal Panic! The Anime Mission (Resource Book Manga) - Author\n Amagi Brilliant Park - Author\n\nAnime\n Full Metal Panic! - Original creator, Story Editor\n Full Metal Panic? Fumoffu - Screenplay (Eps. 1, 4, 8, 9, 12), Original creator\n Full Metal Panic! The Second Raid (TV) - Series Composition, Original creator\n Full Metal Panic! The Second Raid (OVA) - Screenplay, Original creator\n Hyouka - Series Composition\n Amagi Brilliant Park - Original creator, Series Supervision\n Full Metal Panic! Invisible Victory - Series Composition, Original creator\n Cop Craft - Series Composition, Original creator\n Estab-Life: Great Escape - Series Composition, Script\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n \n\n20th-century Japanese novelists\n21st-century Japanese novelists\nLight novelists\nLiving people\n1971 births" ]

[ "Joe McGinnity", "Early career", "What was Joe's occupation originally?", "He pitched for semi-professional teams based in Decatur in 1888 and 1889.", "What team did he start off with?", "made his professional debut with the Colts in 1893.", "What was their record?", "The league folded as a result of financial troubles related to the Panic of 1893.", "What was the result of the league folding?", "Jimmie Manning, manager of the Southern League franchise in Savannah, Georgia, became manager of the Kansas City Blues of the Class-A Western League for the 1894 season,", "Did Joe buy any teams then?", "I don't know.", "What did he do during this panic?", "signed McGinnity to pitch for the Blues. Combined for Montgomery and Kansas City," ]

[ "Greasley v Cooke [1980] 3 All ER 710 is an English land law case concerning proprietary estoppel.\n\nFacts\nKenneth and Hedley Greasley owned a house on 32 George Street, Riddings in Derbyshire. Doris Cooke moved in in 1938 as a maid for Hedley, and became Kenneth’s partner, and both had assured her she would have a 'home for life'. When Kenneth died, he left nothing. Cooke stayed there after 1975, and had received no payment since 1948. The new owners of the house wanted to remove her. She did not look for another job, and stayed in the house looking after Kenneth and Clarice. Cooke claimed proprietary estoppel, and to stay in the house. The claimants did not show for the proceedings.\n\nJudgment\nLord Denning MR held that Ms Cooke did not have to prove reliance, and would assume she had acted to her detriment. His decision went as follows.\n\n{{Cquote|The first point is on the burden of proof. Mr. Weeks referred us to many cases, such as Reynell v. Sprye (1852) 1 De G. M. & G. 660, 708; Smith v. Chadwick (1882) 20 Ch.D. 27 , 44 and Brikom Investments Ltd. v. Carr [1979] Q.B. 467 , 482–483 where I said that when a person makes a representation intending that another should act on it:\n\n“It is no answer for the maker to say: ‘You would have gone on with the transaction anyway.’ That must be mere speculation. No one can be sure what he would, or would not, have done in a hypothetical state of affairs which never took place. … Once it is shown that a representation was calculated to influence the judgment of a reasonable man, the presumption is that he was so influenced.”\n\nSo here. These statements to Miss Cooke were calculated to influence her — so as to put her mind at rest — so that she should not worry about being turned out. No one can say what she would have done if Kenneth and Hedley had not made those statements. It is quite possible that she would have said to herself:\n\n“I am not married to Kenneth. I am on my own. What will happen to me if anything happens to him? I had better look out for another job now: rather than stay here where I have no security.”\n\nSo, instead of looking for another job, she stayed on in the house looking after Kenneth and Clarice. There is a presumption that she did so, relying on the assurances given to her by Kenneth and Hedley. The burden is not on her, but on them, to prove that she did not rely on their assurances. They did not prove it, nor did their representatives. So she is presumed to have relied on them. So on the burden of proof it seems to me that the judge was in error.\n\nThe second point is about the need for some expenditure of money — some detriment — before a person can acquire any interest in a house or any right to stay in it as long as he wishes. It so happens that in many of these cases of proprietary estoppel there has been expenditure of money. But that is not a necessary element. I see that in Snell's Principles of Equity, 27th ed. (1973), p. 565, it is said: “A must have incurred expenditure or otherwise have prejudiced himself.” But I do not think that that is necessary. It is sufficient if the party, to whom the assurance is given, acts on the faith of it — in such circumstances that it would be unjust and inequitable for the party making the assurance to go back on it: see Moorgate Mercantile Co. Ltd. v. Twitchings [1976] Q.B. 225 and 'Crabb v Arun District Council [1976] Ch. 179 , 188. Applying those principles here it can be seen that the assurances given by Kenneth and Hedley to Doris Cooke — leading her to believe that she would be allowed to stay in the house as long as she wished — raised an equity in her favour. There was no need for her to prove that she acted on the faith of those assurances. It is to be presumed that she did so. There is no need for her to prove that she acted to her detriment or to her prejudice. Suffice it that she stayed on the house — looking after Kenneth and Clarice — when otherwise she might have left and got a job elsewhere. The equity having thus been raised in her favour, it is for the courts of equity to decide in what way that equity should be satisfied. In this case it should be by allowing her to stay on in the house as long as she wishes.}}\n\nSee also\n\nEnglish contract law\nEnglish land lawInwards v Baker [1965] 2 QB 29.Willmott v Barber'' (1880) 15 Ch D 96, Fry J said proprietary estoppel requires a mistake about rights, reliance, defendant has knowledge of his own right, know of the claimant's mistaken belief and have encouraged reliance\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nEnglish contract case law\nCourt of Appeal (England and Wales) cases\n1980 in British law\n1980 in case law", "William Blaikie (May 24, 1843 - December 6, 1904) was an American lawyer, athlete, and the author of two books about strength training. He was described by The Evening World as \"one of the earliest and most vigorous advocates of physical culture\" in the United States.\n\nLife\nBlaikie was born on May 24, 1843, in York, New York. He was educated in Boston, where he attended the Boston Latin School. He graduated from Harvard Law School in 1868.\n\nBlaikie worked as a lawyer in New York City. An athlete, he was described by The Evening World as \"one of the earliest and most vigorous advocates of physical culture\" in the United States. He was a weightlifter and a long-distance walker. For example, he walked from Boston to New York City in four-and-a-half days. He authored two books about strength training, including How To Get Strong and How To Stay So, first published in 1879. One of his most assiduous readers was Alan Calvert, who went on to found one of the first companies to sell barbells and publish one of the first magazines on strength training in the United States.\n\nWith his wife, Blaikie resided at 52 East 21st Street, Gramercy Park, Manhattan. He died of apoplexy on December 6, 1904, in New York City, at 61.\n\nPublications\n\nHow to Get Strong and How to Stay So (1883)\nSound Bodies for Our Boys and Girls (1884)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nWilliam Blaikie on the Internet Archive\n\n1843 births\n1904 deaths\nPeople from York, New York\nPeople from Gramercy Park\nBoston Latin School alumni\nHarvard Law School alumni\nNew York (state) lawyers\n19th-century American lawyers\n20th-century American lawyers\nAmerican male weightlifters\nLong distance walkers\nStrength training writers\nPeople associated with physical culture" ]

[ "Joe McGinnity", "Early career", "What was Joe's occupation originally?", "He pitched for semi-professional teams based in Decatur in 1888 and 1889.", "What team did he start off with?", "made his professional debut with the Colts in 1893.", "What was their record?", "The league folded as a result of financial troubles related to the Panic of 1893.", "What was the result of the league folding?", "Jimmie Manning, manager of the Southern League franchise in Savannah, Georgia, became manager of the Kansas City Blues of the Class-A Western League for the 1894 season,", "Did Joe buy any teams then?", "I don't know.", "What did he do during this panic?", "signed McGinnity to pitch for the Blues. Combined for Montgomery and Kansas City,", "How long did he stay on those teams?", "As McGinnity continued to struggle for Kansas City, he requested his release in June." ]

[ "Purity Dilution is the first album released by Defecation, and the only release of the two to have Mick Harris on it. It was released in 1989 on Nuclear Blast Records, and was issued in four different versions:\n The original 1989 release LP/CD\n The 1990 German brown cassette, limited to 666 copies\n The 1992 release with a different cover art and the bonus track Granted Wish\n The 2000 digipak release with Granted Wish\n\nTrack listing\n\"Intro-Megaton\" – 1:55\n\"Vestige Of Earthly Remains\" – 3:00\n\"Life On Planet Earth Is Fucken Cancerous\" – 1:26\n\"Contagion\" – 2:08\n\"Predominance\" – 1:40\n\"Recovery\" – 2:23\n\"Side Effects\" – 2:15\n\"Mutual Trust\" – 2:21\n\"Focus\" – 2:18\n\"Popular Belief\" – 2:03\n\"Scrutiny\" – 2:52\n\"Underestimation\" – 2:21\n\"Granted Wish\" – 3:36 - Bonus track; only on the 1992 release and the 2000 digpak release\n\nCredits\n Mitch Harris - Guitar, Bass, Vocals\n Mick Harris - Drums, Vocals\n\n1989 debut albums\nDefecation (band) albums", "\"Taken for Granted\" is the debut single of Australian singer Sia. It was the first single released from Sia's second studio album, Healing Is Difficult (2001), and was written by Sia and produced by Nigel Corsbie. It heavily samples from Sergei Prokofiev's Montagues and Capulets. \"Taken for Granted\" was released in 2000 and, in May of that year, debuted at number 10 on the UK Singles Chart. It stayed on the chart for a total of five weeks and topped the UK R&B Chart on the week of its debut. In Australia, the song was not released until 18 February 2002, peaking at number 100 on the ARIA Singles Chart that March.\n\nRelease\n\"Taken for Granted\" was released as a CD single in the US on 19 May 2000. It was also made available as a vinyl single. In the UK, \"Taken for Granted\" was distributed as two CD singles and a cassette single on 22 May 2000. A CD single was not released in Sia's native Australia until 18 February 2002.\n\nChart performance\nIn May 2000, \"Taken for Granted\" debuted at its peak position of number 10 in the United Kingdom, topping the UK R&B Chart in the process. In March 2002, it had some success in Australia, peaking at number 100 on the ARIA Singles Chart.\n\nTrack listings\n\nUK CD1\n \"Taken for Granted\" (radio edit)\n \"Taken for Granted\" (Desert Eagle Discs mix)\n \"Taken for Granted\" (M.V.P. mix)\n \"Taken for Granted\" (Groove Chronicles mix)\n\nUK CD2\n \"Taken for Granted\" (radio edit)\n \"Waiting for You\" (Restless Soul mix)\n \"Waiting for You\" (Soul Brother mix)\n\nUK 12-inch single\nA. \"Taken for Granted\" (Groove Chronicles vocal)\nB. \"Taken for Granted\" (Groove Chronicles instrumental)\n\nUK cassette single\n \"Taken for Granted\"\n \"Waiting for You\"\n\nAustralian CD single\n \"Taken for Granted\" (radio edit)\n \"Waiting for You\" (Restless Soul mix)\n \"Waiting for You\" (Soul Brother mix)\n \"Taken for Granted\" (Desert Eagle Discs mix)\n\nCharts\n\nReferences\n\n2000 debut singles\n2000 songs\nSia (musician) songs\nSongs written by Sia (musician)\nTrip hop songs" ]

[ "Joe McGinnity", "Early career", "What was Joe's occupation originally?", "He pitched for semi-professional teams based in Decatur in 1888 and 1889.", "What team did he start off with?", "made his professional debut with the Colts in 1893.", "What was their record?", "The league folded as a result of financial troubles related to the Panic of 1893.", "What was the result of the league folding?", "Jimmie Manning, manager of the Southern League franchise in Savannah, Georgia, became manager of the Kansas City Blues of the Class-A Western League for the 1894 season,", "Did Joe buy any teams then?", "I don't know.", "What did he do during this panic?", "signed McGinnity to pitch for the Blues. Combined for Montgomery and Kansas City,", "How long did he stay on those teams?", "As McGinnity continued to struggle for Kansas City, he requested his release in June.", "Was he granted a release?", "McGinnity moved to Springfield, Illinois, where he worked as a coal miner, bartender, and operated a saloon." ]

[ "\"Stay Away\" may refer to:\n\n \"Stay Away\" (Elvis Presley song), a song by Elvis Presley from the 1968 film Stay Away, Joe\n \"Stay Away\" (L'Arc-en-Ciel song), a 2000 song by L'Arc-en-Ciel\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Barbra Streisand from the 1978 album Songbird\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Kim Carnes from the 1979 album St. Vincent's Court\n \"Stay Away\", a song by The Angels from the 1983 album Watch the Red\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Toto from the 1988 album The Seventh One\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Nirvana from the 1991 album Nevermind\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Rooney from the 2003 album Rooney\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Pain from the 2005 album Dancing with the Dead\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Dave Barnes from the 2006 album Chasing Mississippi\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Chris Thile from the 2006 album How to Grow a Woman from the Ground\n \"Stay Away\", a song by The Honorary Title from the 2007 album Scream & Light Up the Sky\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Secondhand Serenade from the 2010 album Hear Me Now\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Elliott Yamin from the 2011 album Gather 'Round\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Charli XCX from the 2013 album True Romance\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Erik Hassle from the 2013 EP Mariefred Sessions\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Lee DeWyze from the 2013 album Frames\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Falling in Reverse from the 2015 album Just Like You\n \"Stay Away\", a song by E-40 from the 2016 album The D-Boy Diary: Book 1\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Styles P from the 2018 EP Nickel Bag\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Koryn Hawthorne from the 2018 album Unstoppable\n \"Stay Away\", a song by L.A. Guns from the 2019 album The Devil You Know\n \"Stay Away (It's Like That)\", a song by TV Girl from the 2020 album The Night in Question: French Exit Outtakes\n \"Stay Away\", a song by Carly Rae Jepsen from the 2020 album Dedicated Side B\n \"Stay Away\", a 2014 single by G Hannelius\n \"Stay Away\", a 2020 single by Randy Newman\n \"Stay Away\", a 2020 single by Mod Sun", "\"Llangollen Market\" is a song from early 19th century Wales. It is known to have been performed at an eisteddfod at Llangollen in 1858.\n\nThe text of the song survives in a manuscript held by the National Museum of Wales, which came into the possession of singer Mary Davies, a co-founder of the Welsh Folk-Song Society.\n\nThe song tells the tale of a young man from the Llangollen area going off to war and leaving behind his broken-hearted girlfriend. Originally written in English, the song has been translated into Welsh and recorded by several artists such as Siân James, Siobhan Owen, Calennig and Siwsann George.\n\nLyrics\nIt’s far beyond the mountains that look so distant here,\nTo fight his country’s battles, last Mayday went my dear;\nAh, well shall I remember with bitter sighs the day,\nWhy, Owen, did you leave me? At home why did I stay?\n\nAh, cruel was my father that did my flight restrain,\nAnd I was cruel-hearted that did at home remain,\nWith you, my love, contented, I’d journey far away;\nWhy, Owen, did you leave me? At home why did I stay?\n\nWhile thinking of my Owen, my eyes with tears do fill,\nAnd then my mother chides me because my wheel stands still,\nBut how can I think of spinning when my Owen’s far away;\nWhy, Owen, did you leave me? At home why did I stay?\n\nTo market at Llangollen each morning do I go,\nBut how to strike a bargain no longer do I know;\nMy father chides at evening, my mother all the day;\nWhy, Owen, did you leave me, at home why did I stay?\n\nOh, would it please kind heaven to shield my love from harm,\nTo clasp him to my bosom would every care disarm,\nBut alas, I fear, 'tis distant - that happy, happy day;\nWhy, Owen, did you leave me, at home why did stay?\n\nReferences\n\nWelsh folk songs" ]

[ "Ruud Gullit", "Los Angeles Galaxy" ]

[ "Ruud Gullit Sagaf Yunus (born 9 December 1992) is Indonesian footballer who currently plays for PSIS Semarang as a midfielder.\n\nCareer\n\nMartapura FC \nRuud Gullit started his professional football career at Liga Indonesia First Division side Martapura FC on 2013. He led Martapura FC promote to Liga Indonesia Premier Division. Having time to join PSMS Medan in 2014 season, he move back to Martapura FC on 2015 season.\n\nPSIS Semarang \nHe made his competitive debut on 11 May 2017 in a Liga 2 clash versus PSIR Rembang. He helped the club promote to Liga 1 in December 2017 after winning 6–4 over his ex-club Martapura FC. Shortly after that match, His contract was extended to 2019 .\n\nPersonal life \nGullit's father idolized Dutch Ruud Gullit and even chose Ruud Gullit's name as a prayer so that later on, his son could be as same as the Dutch football legend. Gullit is also the only one in the family who pursue a career as a footballer. Gullit's two older brothers were named 'standard' by his father, Zulkifli and Muhammad Irfan. According to Gullit, At first his name was a burden, because it always attracted people's attention. But over time, Gullit realized that the name is a father's prayer also, every time he appeared on the football pitch.\n\nTypical \nAccording to the coach of Subangkit, Ruud Gullit has a breaker role and could be an alternative when the defensive midfielder player, Ahmad Agung and Saddam Sudarma was absent.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nRuud Gullid Sagaf Yunus\n\n1992 births\nLiving people\nIndonesian footballers\nPeople from Ternate\nSportspeople from North Maluku\nLiga 2 (Indonesia) players\nLiga 1 (Indonesia) players\nPSMS Medan players\nPSIS Semarang players\nAssociation football midfielders", "NGC 4319 is a face-on barred spiral galaxy located about 77 million light years away in the constellation Draco. The morphological classification is SB(r)ab, which indicates it is a barred spiral with an inner ring structure and moderate to tightly wound arms. It is situated in physical proximity to the galaxies NGC 4291 and NGC 4386, with X-ray emissions from the intervening gap indicating NGC 4319 and NGC 4291 may be interacting. NGC 4319 has a much higher proportion of ionized hydrogen compared to the Milky Way galaxy.\n\nIn 1971, American astronomer Halton Arp noted what appeared to be a physical connection between NGC 4319 and Markarian 205, a quasi-stellar object with a much higher redshift. He suggested that if Markarian 205 is not an accidentally projected background object, then it may instead have been ejected from the nucleus of this galaxy. The discovery of an apparent luminous connection between the two created a storm of controversy as astronomers sought to refute the assertion and provide other explanations. The matter was effectively settled when observations using the Hubble Space Telescope showed that the light from Markarian 205 was passing through the disk and halo of NGC 4319 to reach the observer, placing Markarian 205 behind this galaxy and thus further away.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n Hubble Heritage site: Pictures and description\n Hubble Heritage site:NGC 4319 and Markarian 205\n\nNGC 4319\nDraco (constellation)\n4319\n07429\n039981" ]

[ "Ruud Gullit", "Los Angeles Galaxy", "What is Gullit's connection to LA Galaxy?", "On 8 November 2007, Gullit became head coach for the LA Galaxy, signing a three-year contract." ]

[ "Matjaž Zupan (born 27 September 1968 in Kranj) is a Slovenian former ski jumper who competed for the former Yugoslavia and afterwards for independent Slovenia from 1987 to 1994. He won a silver medal in the team large hill competition at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary.\n\nHis best finish at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships was 4th in the individual large hill event in 1987.\n\nAfter his jumping days were over he a started successful coaching career. He was the coach of the Slovenian national ski jumping team from 1999 to 2006. His biggest successes were when Rok Benkovič won normal hill in World Championship in Oberstdorf and also bronze medal in same competition with Slovenian team. In 2002 he launched Slovenian eagles to the team bronze in Olympic games in Salt Lake City. After 2006 he quit his post as a coach and was replaced with Vasja Bajc. He took over Czech national team and stay there for three successful seasons. After that he quit so he could once again became head coach for his beloved Slovenia. His tenure was between 2009 and 2011. The second time the results were not so good and he was replaced with the most successful coach in Slovenian ski jumping history - Goran Janus who was his former jumper. In 2011 he became coach for the French ski jumping national team. With moderate success he coached them for two years, to the end of the 2014 Olympic cycle. On May,24th was announcement that he became new head coach of Russian national ski jumping team and their new ambitious program to launch Russia among best ski jumping nations. He was also able to choose his own assistant. He chose his countryman Matjaž Triplat. Matjaž Triplat was former head coach of Slovenian women ski jumping team.\n\nHe is engaged from Bulgarian Olympic Committee as coach of Ski jumping team of Bulgaria for 2018 Winter Olympics games.\n\nFamily\nHe currently resides with his wife, Birgette in Cheltenham, England. He also has 2 children.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n \n\n1966 births\nLiving people\nYugoslav male ski jumpers\nSlovenian male ski jumpers\nSki jumpers at the 1988 Winter Olympics\nSki jumpers at the 1992 Winter Olympics\nSki jumpers at the 1994 Winter Olympics\nOlympic ski jumpers of Yugoslavia\nOlympic ski jumpers of Slovenia\nOlympic silver medalists for Yugoslavia\nSlovenian ski jumping coaches\nOlympic medalists in ski jumping\nSportspeople from Kranj\nMedalists at the 1988 Winter Olympics", "Richard Allan \"Sluggo\" Suggitt (October 30, 1958 June 27, 2017) was a Canadian rugby union footballer and a rugby union coach. Ric was also the head coach of the USA Women's 7's Olympic team and was the head coach at University of Lethbridge.\n\nHe had to leave competitive rugby at a young age due to successive shoulder injuries. Then, he began his international coaching career.\n\nSuggitt was the coach of the female Canada national team and the men's national seven-a-side team, when he was appointed to the post of coach of the male Canada national rugby union team, in 2004. Under Suggitt the national team achieved qualification to the 2007 Rugby World Cup by beating the USA Eagles 56–7. The World Cup was not so successful and disappointingly only reached a 12–12 draw with Japan. In March 2008, he was replaced by New Zealand coach Kieran Crowley. Suggitt died on June 27, 2017 at the age of 58.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nProfile of Ric Suggit\n\n1958 births\n2017 deaths\nCanada national rugby union team coaches\nCanadian rugby union coaches\nCanadian rugby union players\nSportspeople from Edmonton" ]

[ "Ruud Gullit", "Los Angeles Galaxy", "What is Gullit's connection to LA Galaxy?", "On 8 November 2007, Gullit became head coach for the LA Galaxy, signing a three-year contract.", "Was he a successful coach?", "From the start, Gullit's time with Galaxy was troublesome. Not well-versed in the intricacies and specifics of the MLS such as salary cap and draft rules," ]

[ "The California Clásico is the name given to the soccer rivalry between the LA Galaxy and the San Jose Earthquakes. This Major League Soccer rivalry reached its zenith from 2001 to 2005, during which time the Earthquakes and the Galaxy combined to win four MLS Cup titles. The term \"Clasico\" is commonly used to refer to other rivalries in Spanish-speaking countries, most prominently, the Spanish Clásico between Barcelona and Real Madrid, or the Argentine Superclásico between Boca Juniors and River Plate.\n\nLos Angeles and San Jose is considered to be one of the most historical rivalries in American soccer. The British daily newspaper The Guardian rates \"the California Clasico is perhaps the most historic and intense rivalry the league has.\" Todd Dunivant, the retired U.S. national team and MLS player, when asked about the rivalry stated \"I think it's the best rivalry in MLS, I think it's got the most history, it's got the most meaningful big games\".\n\nThe rivalry originated from the historical Northern California vs. Southern California sporting and cultural rivalries, as well as from the relative proximity of the cities, which are about apart, which allows rival fans to attend each other's games.\n\nHistory\n\n1996–2005\n\nUnified as one single state, Northern California and Southern California share a notorious rivalry. Historically, rivalries have manifested prominently in the state's professional sports including MLB, NBA, NFL and NHL. For some fans, it is traditional to hate teams from Northern or Southern California. \n\nBoth clubs were charter members of Major League Soccer in its inaugural season, with the San Jose Clash hosting the very first MLS game, shortly before their first home Clásico against the Los Angeles Galaxy in a match that drew 31,728 fans to Spartan Stadium, setting the record for attendance at a sporting event in the city of San Jose. The Clash became the Earthquakes on October 27, 1999, in readiness for the 2000 season. In 2001, both teams reached the MLS Cup 2001, with San Jose posting a 2–1 overtime victory on goals by Landon Donovan and Dwayne DeRosario. While next season, Carlos Ruiz led Los Angeles to its first MLS Cup title over the New England Revolution after San Jose was previously upset in the playoffs by the Columbus Crew. While there have been several players to play for both teams beforehand, the rivalry intensified after the Anschutz Entertainment Group (owner of the Los Angeles Galaxy) took sole ownership of the San Jose Earthquakes in December 2002.\n\nThe two teams squared off again in the first round of the 2003 MLS Cup playoffs in what would become an epic series. Los Angeles won the first game at home 2–0 in the two-game aggregate-goal series. In the second game in San Jose, the Galaxy scored two early goals to widen its aggregate lead to four goals, only to have San Jose score five unanswered goals to win the series 5–4. Many neutral MLS pundits at the time viewed that game as the best in league history. After eliminating the Galaxy, San Jose went on to defeat the Kansas City Wizards en route to winning its second MLS Cup title (over the Chicago Fire) in three years.\n\nAfter a rumored buyout of the Quakes by Mexican soccer side Club América in January 2004, Earthquakes general manager Johnny Moore resigned prior to the 2004 season and was replaced by former U.S. and Galaxy defender Alexi Lalas. Under Lalas, 2004 ended up being a down year for the Quakes as it barely made the playoffs on the final day of the regular season. Both San Jose and Los Angeles were eliminated from the playoffs by Kansas City. Afterward, when Earthquakes star player Landon Donovan briefly returned to German club Bayer 04 Leverkusen after his loan agreement with San Jose expired, Lalas traded away his return rights, after which Donovan returned to play for the Galaxy. Many Earthquake fans felt betrayed and welcomed Donovan with a hostile reception when Galaxy would play at Spartan Stadium, he would be often referred to as the \"American Luís Figo\" as to when Figo made a hugely controversial move from Barcelona to bitter rivals Real Madrid. Several San Jose fans altered their Donovan jerseys name on the back to read \"Donowho\". They also brought signs with explicit messages like \"Landon Judas Donovan\", \"PrimaDonovan Traitor\" and \"Donovan Is Traitor Scum.\"\n\nFollowing the departure of Lalas to become the general manager of the MetroStars early in 2005, San Jose returned to form and captured the MLS Supporters' Shield, awarded to the league's best team during the regular season. The two clubs met again in the playoffs, with Los Angeles finally winning a playoff series against San Jose thanks largely to the play of Donovan on its way to defeating New England in MLS Cup 2005.\n\nOn hiatus\nThe Earthquakes took a two-year hiatus from the league in 2006 and 2007 due to stadium and ownership issues. During that period, the Quakes' players and head coach were relocated to Houston, where they won two additional MLS Cup titles as the Houston Dynamo. Meanwhile, shortly after Lalas' brief stint with the MetroStars, he moved on to become the general manager of the Galaxy, who failed to make the playoffs during both years of San Jose's hiatus from the league.\n\n2008–present\n\nThe San Jose Earthquakes franchise was revived by Lewis Wolff and Earthquakes Soccer, LLC, restarting the rivalry in 2008. Ignominiously, both the Quakes and Galaxy tied for the worst record that season. The Quakes lost the series and thus received the dubious distinction.\n\nOn June 25, 2011, Josh Saunders came in for injured goalie Donovan Ricketts. Saunders received a red card for what appeared to be an intentional elbow to the face of Steven Lenhart. Galaxy had no more substitute goalies and were forced to use forward Mike Magee as a last resort. Magee kept a shutout as the game ended 0-0.\n\nThe rivalry further intensified in 2012 when the Galaxy hosted the Earthquakes at The Home Depot Center with Galaxy taking the lead 2–0 but with 15 minutes left the Earthquakes came back and won the game 3–2. In late June, the Earthquakes played the Galaxy in front of 50,391 spectators at Stanford Stadium marking an attendance record for the Earthquakes franchise. Once again the Galaxy took the lead 3–2 at half time but the Earthquakes managed to score two goals to defeat the Galaxy 4–3, David Beckham was involved in scuffles during and after the match, he was awarded a one-match ban by the MLS Disciplinary Committee. The match itself was credited as one of the best MLS games in history. Galaxy's Omar Gonzalez expressed that the Earthquakes were \"embarrassing\", \"obnoxious\" and \"a bunch of jokes\" after a 2-2 draw.\n\nThe two teams met again in the Western Conference Semi-finals. San Jose defeated Los Angeles 1–0 in the first leg but the Galaxy came back and defeated the Earthquakes 3–1 at Buck Shaw Stadium, (3–2 on aggregate). It was the Earthquakes only loss at Buck Shaw all season.\n\nIn June 2013, the Clasico returned to Stanford Stadium and in stunning comeback fashion, the Earthquakes defeated the Galaxy with two goals by Shea Salinas and Alan Gordon in stoppage time (92',93') to win the game 3–2. San Jose became the first MLS team ever to win a game in extra time with 10 men after Víctor Bernárdez was red carded in the 77' minute.\n\nFor the first time, the California Clasico was hosted in Fresno, California, as part of the inaugural Central California Cup on February 15, 2014. The preseason exhibition match marked the first time two MLS franchises played each other in the city of Fresno.\n\nIn June 2015, the Earthquakes hosted the Galaxy at Stanford in front of 50,422 spectators. The June 2016 match set a new attendance record of 50,816.\n\nThe first Clasico of 2017 took place during preseason, at Cashman Field in Las Vegas on February 11, and San Jose won after Olmes García, acquired by San Jose in the Waiver Draft but released later on during preseason, scored in the 89th minute. The Earthquakes lost the first regular season Clasico of 2017 at home by a score of 4-2. During this match, new Earthquake Danny Hoesen scored his first goal for the club, Giovani dos Santos scored a penalty after a foul in the box by Kofi Sarkodie, and Víctor Bernárdez scored an own goal to give Los Angeles the 3-2 lead just before halftime. The two teams met again a month later at Stanford on July 1 in front of a crowd of 50,617. Jelle van Damme opened the scoring for LA in the 11th minute off of a corner kick set piece, and LA remained in the lead until the 75th minute, when San Jose goalkeeper David Bingham earned an assist on Chris Wondolowski's equalizer. Shea Salinas scored the winner in the third minute of stoppage time, bringing his total of stoppage time Clasico winners up to two, and he received a yellow card for taking off his shirt in celebration as a tribute to former teammate and fellow stoppage time hero Alan Gordon. The third official Clasico was fought just a week later on July 10, when San Jose and Los Angeles met again at Avaya Stadium, this time in the quarterfinals of the U.S. Open Cup. LA captain van Damme once again opened the scoring off of a corner kick, and once again San Jose came back to win, this time 3-2, on a Chris Wondolowski brace assisted entirely by Tommy Thompson and Hoesen's winner scored on a counter launched by Jahmir Hyka, with LA's second tally coming after an own goal that deflected off the back of San Jose keeper Andrew Tarbell. San Jose advanced to the semifinals of the tournament for the first time since 2004 and only the second time in franchise history. This match also saw Wondolowski tie Ronald Cerritos for the team's top goalscorer in the Open Cup.\n\nSupporter groups\nAlthough historically there have been rivalries between Northern California and Southern California supporters, a bitter rivalry exists between the San Jose Ultras and the Angel City Brigade, who support Los Angeles. Supporters from both teams taunt each other with elaborate tifo displays and chants due to the passion and hate there is. Heightened security is used to ensure no violence between the opposing groups. Social networking sites such as Facebook have also been used to jeer rival fans ensuring the rivalry continues outside of soccer.\n\nDue to the relative proximity of the cities, which are about apart, charter buses and shuttle vans are used to allow rival fans to attend each other's games.\n\nIncidents\nOn October 21, 2012 during a regular season game at Buck Shaw Stadium, several LA Galaxy fans were arrested after violent altercations erupted in the stands and smoke bombs were set off during half time. In fear of causing a riot, Santa Clara and Sunnyvale police officers, some dressed in riot uniforms, arrived and cleared the Galaxy supporters section during the game.\n\nCrossing the divide\n\nPlayer transfers\nWhile the transfer of Landon Donovan from San Jose to Los Angeles caused an uproar amongst the fans, the rivalry between the two teams has not prevented players from switching teams.\n\n Curt Onalfo – with Galaxy: 1996; with San Jose: 1997\n David Kramer – with Galaxy: 1996–1997; with San Jose: 1997–1999\n Harut Karapetyan – with Galaxy: 1996–1998; with San Jose: 1998, 2000\n Dan Calichman – with Galaxy: 1996–1998; with San Jose: 2000\n Eddie Lewis – with San Jose: 1996–1999; with Galaxy: 2008–2010\n Lawrence Lozzano – with San Jose: 1997–1998; with Galaxy: 1998–1999\n Gabe Eastman – with Galaxy: 1999; with San Jose: 2000\n Adam Frye – with San Jose: 1999; with Galaxy: 2000–2002\n Zak Ibsen – with Galaxy: 1999–2000; with San Jose: 2001–2002\n Joe Cannon – with San Jose: 1999–2002, 2008–2010; with Galaxy: 2007\n Simon Elliott – with Galaxy: 1999–2003; with San Jose: 2009\n Danny Califf – with Galaxy: 2000–2004; with San Jose: 2005\n Ian Russell – with San Jose: 2000–2005; with Galaxy: 2007\n Brian Ching – with Galaxy: 2001; with San Jose: 2003–2005\n Brian Mullan – with Galaxy: 2001–2002; with San Jose: 2003–2005\n Craig Waibel – with Galaxy: 2001–2002; with San Jose: 2003–2005\n Landon Donovan – with San Jose: 2001–2004; with Galaxy: 2005–2014, 2016\n Gavin Glinton – with Galaxy: 2002–2003, 2006–2007; with San Jose: 2008\n Alejandro Moreno – with Galaxy: 2002–2004; with San Jose: 2005\n Todd Dunivant – with San Jose: 2003–2004; with Galaxy: 2005–2006, 2009–2015\n Chris Aloisi – with Galaxy: 2004; with San Jose: 2005\n Jovan Kirovski – with Galaxy: 2004–2005, 2009–2011; with San Jose: 2008\n Ned Grabavoy – with Galaxy: 2004–2006; with San Jose: 2008\n Alan Gordon – with Galaxy: 2004–2010, 2014–2016; with San Jose: 2011–2014\n Kelly Gray – with San Jose: 2005, 2008–2009; with Galaxy: 2007\n Cornell Glen – with Galaxy: 2006; with San Jose: 2009–2010\n Ty Harden – with Galaxy: 2007; with San Jose: 2013–2015\n Brandon McDonald – with Galaxy: 2008; with San Jose: 2009–2011\n Dan Gargan – with San Jose: 2013; with Galaxy: 2014–2015\n David Bingham – with San Jose: 2011–2017; with Galaxy: 2018–2020\n\nStaff\n\n Lothar Osiander – managed Galaxy 1996–1997; managed San Jose 1999–2000\n Frank Yallop – managed San Jose 2001–2003, 2008–2013; managed Galaxy 2006–2007\n Dominic Kinnear – coached San Jose 2001–2003, managed San Jose 2004–2005, 2014–2017; coached Galaxy 2017–present, interim manager at Galaxy 2018\n\nRecord\n\nGames\nIncluding penalty kick wins from 1996 to 1999 seasons\n\nTrophies\n\nResults\n\nMLS regular season\n\nMLS Cup playoffs\n\nU.S. Open Cup\n\nWinners\nEach season, a cup is awarded to the team that won the most points in the California Clasico during the regular season. Between 1996 and 1999, matches ending in draws were culminated in a penalty shootout with the winner of the shootout gaining one point while the losing team left with no points. This system was abolished starting with the 2000 season; a draw awarded each team 1 point.\n\nPopular culture\nOn October 13, 2013, the California Clasico was highlighted on the TV series, MLS Insider, explaining the history of the rivalry from the different perspectives of players such as Chris Wondolowski and Landon Donovan.\n\nSee also\nNorthern California – Southern California rivalry\nDodgers–Giants rivalry\n49ers–Rams rivalry\nKings–Sharks rivalry\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n The 2005 California Clasico semifinal playoff series\n\nLA Galaxy\nSan Jose Earthquakes\nMajor League Soccer rivalries\nSoccer in California\n1996 establishments in California", "NGC 4036 is the New General Catalogue identifier for a lenticular galaxy in the northern circumpolar constellation of Ursa Major. In the Carnegie Atlas of Galaxies, it is described as being \"characterized by an irregular\npattern of dust lanes threaded through the disc in an 'embryonic' spiral pattern indicating a mixed S0/Sa form.\" It is located near the Big Dipper, a little to the north of the mid-way point between the stars Alpha Ursae Majoris and Delta Ursae Majoris. With a visual magnitude of 10.7, it can be dimly viewed using a aperture telescope.\n\nThe visual dimensions of this galaxy are arc minutes, with the major axis having a position angle of 85°. The galaxy is being viewed nearly edge-on, with an inclination of 18° to the line of sight from the Earth. It is moving away from us with a radial velocity of . The estimated visual luminosity of the galaxy is  L⊙, or 42 billion times the brightness of the Sun. Photographs show a tightly wound spiral pattern in the galactic disk, with three dust lanes—the southern side of the galaxy appears dimmer due to the dust configuration. The mass of the free gas and dust in the galaxy is about  M⊙ and  M⊙, respectively, with around  M⊙ of the gas being in an ionized state.\n\nThis is a type of active galaxy known as a LINER, which means that it shows emission lines of ionized gas in the region of its nucleus. Chemically, the stars at the center of the nucleus have a higher metallicity than in the neighboring regions. It appears that there is a tilted disk of stars orbiting the nucleus within a radius of . The galactic bulge itself appears triaxial with the ionized gas concentrated near the center of this bulge region. Images of the galaxy with the Hubble Space Telescope show a wispy disk of dust on all sides of the nucleus, with what appears to be the tendrilous remains of an ionization cone leading away 4 arc seconds to the northeast. Such features are common in Seyfert galaxies.\n\nOn July 23, 2007, Type Ia supernova SN 2007gi was discovered by Koichi Itagaki near the central bulge of this galaxy. It reached peak magnitude around August 14, then steadily declined in brightness thereafter. Materials identified in the spectrum included silicon, calcium, and sulfur moving outward at velocities of around 15,500 km/s. This is a 50% higher velocity than what is normally observed with supernovae of this type.\n\nNGC 4036 is a member of the LGG 266 galaxy group, along with NGC 4041, IC 758, UGC 7009, and UGC 7019. It is located just 17 arc minutes from NGC 4041, and the two form a pair with a projected separation of around .\n\nGallery\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n \n\nLenticular galaxies\nUrsa Major (constellation)\n4036\n7005\n037930" ]

[ "Ruud Gullit", "Los Angeles Galaxy", "What is Gullit's connection to LA Galaxy?", "On 8 November 2007, Gullit became head coach for the LA Galaxy, signing a three-year contract.", "Was he a successful coach?", "From the start, Gullit's time with Galaxy was troublesome. Not well-versed in the intricacies and specifics of the MLS such as salary cap and draft rules,", "What else happened during his time with the Galaxy?", "The ill-fated January 2008 acquisition of left back Celestine Babayaro (who was brought in on Gullit's personal wishes before getting dismissed quickly" ]

[ "What Happened to Jones may refer to:\n What Happened to Jones (1897 play), a play by George Broadhurst\n What Happened to Jones (1915 film), a lost silent film\n What Happened to Jones (1920 film), a lost silent film\n What Happened to Jones (1926 film), a silent film comedy", "What Happened may refer to:\n\n What Happened (Clinton book), 2017 book by Hillary Clinton\n What Happened (McClellan book), 2008 autobiography by Scott McClellan\n \"What Happened\", a song by Sublime from the album 40oz. to Freedom\n \"What Happened\", an episode of One Day at a Time (2017 TV series)\n\nSee also\nWhat's Happening (disambiguation)" ]

[ "N.E.R.D", "2009-present: Nothing and No One Ever Really Dies" ]

[ "{{DISPLAYTITLE:Nothing to Prove (H2O album)}}\n\nNothing to Prove is the fifth studio album by American punk rock band H2O. It was released on May 27, 2008, through Bridge 9 Records. It is the band's first album since 2001's Go, and the first new material since their 2002 EP All We Want. The album hit at #7 on Billboard Top Heatseekers on June 14, 2008.\n\nToby Morse's son Maximus is featured throughout the album, providing intros/outros to many of the songs.\n\nTrack listing \n\nNotes\nThe track \"Mitts\" is a reworked version of the songs \"Static\", which appeared on their 2002 EP All We Want. The band produced a video for \"What Happened\" featuring actor Michael Rapaport and musicians Matt Skiba and Lou Koller.\n\nPersonnel \n Toby Morse – vocals\n Todd Morse – guitar, vocals\n Rusty Pistachio – guitar, vocals\n Adam Blake – bass\n Todd Friend – drums\n Roger Miret – vocals on \"Nothing to Prove\"\n Freddy Cricien – vocals on \"A Thin Line\"\n CIV – guests on \"Still Here\"\n Lou Koller – guest on \"Fairweather Friend\" and \"What Happened\"\n Kevin Seconds – guest on \"Fairweather Friend\"\n Matt Skiba – guest on \"What Happened\"\n Danny Diablo – guest on \"Nothing to Prove\"\n Sons of Nero – artwork\n\nReferences \n\nH2O (American band) albums\n2008 albums\nBridge 9 Records albums\nAlbums produced by Chad Gilbert\nAlbums with cover art by Sons of Nero", "Nothing Is Impossible may refer to:\n\n\"Nothing is Impossible\", a song by Westlife from Coast to Coast\nNothing Is Impossible (Planetshakers album), 2011 album by Planetshakers\nNothing Is Impossible (Planetshakers song)\nNothing Is Impossible (Planetshakers Kids album), 2013 album by Planetshakers Church\n14 Peaks: Nothing Is Impossible, 2021 documentary film\n\nSee also\nImpossible is nothing (disambiguation)\nNada es Imposible (disambiguation)", "Double or Nothing (1971) is a novel by Raymond Federman, originally published by Swallow Press, Chicago. It was the winner of the Frances Steloff Prize and The Panache Experimental Fiction Prize.\n\nPlot Summary\n\nDouble or Nothing tells two tales intertwining at once: One of a struggling writer attempting to get a narrative to write about and the other of his narrative. The story is told through the protagonist who is the narrator of both stories. \n\nNarrative A:\n\nNarrative A is of the narrator of this novel. It begins with the idea that the protagonist is going to lock himself into a room for a year with nothing other than food, toiletries and supplies. The idea is that this set imposed isolation will spark some creative flare within him and allow him to write his book. The narrative begins with him strategizing what products he will purchase and what he needs to survive in the room comfortably. The entire narrative focuses on him strategizing about his stay in the room, rather than thinking of the narrative and comes to the point where in the end, no complete draft of the book is created, but rather a strategy on how it could have been created.\n\nNarrative B:\n\nNarrative B is the constructed narrative of our protagonist. It focuses on a Jewish man, moving into America and experiencing the different form of life. It details a rough sketch of what the narrator’s novel should be. Narrative B changes as Double or Nothing proceeds, with elements of the plot changing until a blueprint of the end result is created in the end. This narrative chronicles the adventures of Boris, whose name is later changed to Dominique through the actions of the main narrator. Dominique is traveling to America, meets a girl on the boat he is traveling on and falls in love with her. After this, he arrives at America where he is taken in by his Uncle David. He falls in love with an African - American woman on the subway and has sexual relations with her. At first he is distrusting and throughout his relationship, begins to gain trust in her quickly. The narrative ends on this note.\n\nReferences\n\n1971 American novels" ]

[ "N.E.R.D", "2009-present: Nothing and No One Ever Really Dies", "What is Nothing?", "In 2010, N.E.R.D announced the release of their fourth studio album entitled Nothing," ]

[ "American Burger is a 2014 Swedish comedy horror film starring Fredrik Hiller, Liam Macdonald, Benjamin Brook, Aggy Kukawka and Ben Thornton. It is directed by first-time feature film director's Johan Bromander & Bonita Drake.\n\nThe film was released was released globally online via Movieboosters on 17 October 2014.\n\nPlot\nAmerican Burger follows the stories of a bunch of stereotypical American school students (Nerds, Jocks & Cheerleaders) on a culture trip through Europe. Among the students are Fat Nerd (Liam Macdonald) & Preppy Nerd (Benjamin Brook), Camera Nerd (Charlie Petersson) & Wonky Eyes Nerd (Ben Thorton) and Nice Cheerleader (Aggy K. Adams), Adorable Cheerleader (Madeleine Borg) & Ponytail Cheerleader (Hanna Nygren). Heading the group is the enthusiastic Teacher (Lena Bengtsson) who tries her hardest to ensure the children appreciate their trip.\n\nThe students soon find their way to the mystical country of Kraketch, whose main source of economy is the American Burger Factory run by Demented Butcher (Fredrik Hiller). The school students are invited to tour the factory, but not before Demented Butcher orders his Butchers to kill the students and bring them into the factory. Several students escape and form unlikely pacts: Fat Nerd, Preppy Nerd, Wonky Eyes Nerd (whose name is later revealed to actually be 'Mike) & Ponytail Cheerleader and Camera Nerd, Jock, Quarterback & Nice Cheerleader for the other. Adorable Cheerleader loses the others and runs off by herself as does Teacher.\n\nSlowly, the Butchers hunt, stalk and kill the students. Preppy Nerd is kidnapped by butchers, thinking he is already dead; Adorable Cheerleader hilariously loses almost all her clothes and now speaks with a lisp after eating poison berries; Fat Nerd steals a dead Butcher's outfit and escapes to the main road leading out of Kraketch and Nice Cheerleader & Camera Nerd run to escape a horde of butchers.\n\nWhilst at the American Burger factory waiting to be slaughtered, it is discovered that Preppy Nerd is actually a Canadian. A disgusted Demented Butcher apologises profusely and allows Preppy Nerd to leave with his blessings. Preppy Nerd then locates the student's bus and drives away from the factory.\n\nOn the way out of Kraketch, Preppy Nerd locates some of his classmates. He first picks up Adorable Cheerleader, then Fat Nerd & Teacher before saving Nice Cheerleader from a horde of Butchers. The gang drive away in the school bus and leave Kraketch for good.\n\nCast\n Fredrik Hiller as Demented Butcher\n Liam Macdonald as Fat Nerd\n Benjamin Brook as Preppy Nerd\n Ben Thornton as Mike, Wonky Eyes Nerd\n Aggy K. Adams as Nice Cheerleader\n Madeleine Borg as Adorable Cheerleader\n Lena Bengtsson as Teacher\n Charlie Petersson as Camera Nerd\n Gabriel Freilich as Quarterback\n Hjalmar Strid as Jock\n\nReception\nAmerican Burger received mixed reviews from critics although its technical aspects were praised. Borg & Macdonald were also praised for their roles as Adorable Cheerleader & Fat Nerd respectively by the Ostersund Posten.\n\nProposed sequel\nA sequel to American Burger, called American Burger 2: Back to Kraketch is currently in development. Hiller, Macdonald, Brook, Kukawka & Borg are all expected to reprise their roles.\n\nFilming locations\nAll filming took place in Östersund, Sweden.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n2014 films\n2014 horror films\nSwedish slasher films", "Nerd sniping is slang term for the action of giving an interesting problem to a person (usually a nerd), which will cause them to put a lot of effort into trying to solve the problem. The nerd stops all activity to devote attention to solving the problem, often at his or her own peril.\n\nIt was coined by xkcd author Randall Munroe in the 356th comic of the series on 12 December 2007.\n\nThe term has been documented (with slightly different interpretations) in Urban Dictionary on September 23, 2012:\n\n1. The act of presenting someone, often a mathematician/physicist with a time consuming problem or challenge (often impossible to solve or complete) in the hopes of it appealing to a person's obsessive tendencies.\n\n2. Doing the thing above in a situation where the obsession may lead to bodily harm (in the original context on the middle of a road where they will get inevitably run-over by a truck). \n\nTechopedia on November 12, 2020 said:\n\nNerd sniping is a slang term that describes a particularly interesting problem that is presented to a nerd, often a physicist, tech geek or mathematician.\n\nThe nerd stops all activity to devote attention to solving the problem, often at his or her own peril. \n\nBeyond science, tech and math, the media agency Colle McVoy published 21 episodes of podcast between 2019 and 2021 called \"Nerd Sniped\" - \"A podcast dedicated to chasing down the curious questions and challenges brands face today\"\n\nIt's also been used in the context of employers understanding neurodiverse employees with ADHD:\n\n[ADHD] often produces the ability to 'hyperfocus', a kind of Godzilla attention laser beam that you can train on a complex task, which you won't let go of until it's done to an absurdly high standard. A legit superpower. But moving between tasks when you're in a hyperfocused state? Very hard. The nerd sniping risk is real.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Nerd Sniping\n Explain xkcd for Nerd Sniping\n Urban Dictionary: Nerd Sniping\n What is Nerd Sniping? - Definition from Techopedia\n NerdSniped podcast\n\nHacker culture\nNerd culture", "In baseball statistics, NERD (a wink towards the mnemonic \"Narration, Exposition, Reflection, Description\") is a quantitative measure of expected aesthetic value. NERD was originally created by Carson Cistulli and is part of his project of exploring the \"art\" of sabermetric research. The original NERD formula only took into account the pitcher's expected performance while the current model factors in the entire team's performance.\n\nHistory\nThe premise for NERD was developed in Cistulli's piece \"Why We Watch\" in which he establishes the five reasons that baseball continues to captivate the American imagination from game to game: \"Pitching Matchups,\" \"Statistically Notable (or Otherwise Compelling) Players,\" \"Rookies (and Debuts),\" \"Seasonal Context,\" and \"Quality of Broadcast\". Fellow sabermatrician Rob Neyer, who had collaborated with Cistulli on this piece, wrote \"the only thing missing [...] is a points system that would let us put a number on each game\" and on June 2, 2010 Cistulli unveiled the NERD Pitching formula.\n\nNERD pitching\nNERD pitching tries to determine which pitchers will be the most aesthetically appealing to watch for a baseball fan and is both a historical and a predictive statistic. The NERD pitching formula uses a player's standard deviations from the mean (a weighted z-score) of the DIPS statistic xFIP (expected Fielding Independent Pitching), swinging strike percentage, overall strike percentage, and the differential between the pitcher's ERA and xFIP to determine a quantitative value for each pitcher.\n\nThe factor of 4.69 is added to make the number fit on a 0 to 10 scale. While there has been some disagreement on the calculation of Cistulli's luck component, the general consensus among sports writers seems to be that a player with a below-average ERA and an above-average xFIP has been \"unlucky\".\n\nTeam NERD\nFollowing the model of his Pitching NERD, Team NERD tries to give a quantitative value to the aesthetic value of each of the 30 baseball teams. For factors it accounts for \"Age,\" \"Park-Adjusted weighted Runs Above Average (wRAA),\" \"Park-Adjusted Home Run per Fly Ball (HR/FB),\" \"Team Speed,\" \"Bullpen Strength,\" \"Team Defense,\" \"Luck\" (Base Runs – Actual Runs Scored), and \"Payroll\".\n\nIn a recent interview Cistulli admitted that there is a disconnect between The Rays high tNERD rating and low attendance saying that he is considered adding a \"park-adjustment\" to his formula which would reflect either the stadium itself or \"attendance relative to the stadium's capacity\" but overall reception of this statistic has been positive and Fangraphs started reporting Team NERD in Cistulli's One Night Only columns beginning August 23, 2010.\n\nReferences\n\nBaseball statistics\nBaseball terminology" ]

[ "N.E.R.D", "2009-present: Nothing and No One Ever Really Dies", "What is Nothing?", "In 2010, N.E.R.D announced the release of their fourth studio album entitled Nothing,", "Who is NERD?", "Pharrell" ]

[ "Nine Times That Same Song is the debut studio album by Swedish indie pop group Love Is All. It was released by the independent record label What's Your Rupture? in January 2006.\n\nReception \n\nOnline music magazine Pitchfork named Nine Times That Same Song the 16th best album of 2005 and placed it at number 139 on their list of the top 200 albums of the 2000s.\n\nTrack listing \n \"Talk Talk Talk Talk\" – 2:50\n \"Ageing Had Never Been His Friend\" – 2:45\n \"Turn the Radio Off\" – 3:55\n \"Used Goods\" – 2:20\n \"Busy Doing Nothing\" – 3:25\n \"Make Out Fall Out Make Up\" – 3:02\n \"Felt Tip\" – 4:18\n \"Spinning and Scratching\" – 3:05\n \"Turn the TV Off\" – 3:25\n \"Trying Too Hard\" – 1:57\n\nNotes \n\n2005 debut albums\nLo-fi music albums\nLove Is All albums\nWhat's Your Rupture? albums", "\"King Nothing\" is a song by American heavy metal band Metallica from their 1996 album Load, released on January 7, 1997.\n\nThe song was written by James Hetfield, Lars Ulrich, and Kirk Hammett. The song starts on a bass riff which develops into the main riff of the song. A single of \"King Nothing\" was released in the United States. It included a live version of the song \"Ain't My Bitch\", which is also on the album Load. A music video also accompanied the song. The guitars and bass are both tuned to Eb.\n\nAt the end of the song, the words \"Off to never-never land\" can be heard. This is a nod to one of Metallica's most famous songs, \"Enter Sandman\", which also features these words. The song also features a similar structure.\n\n\"King Nothing\" was featured as background music in the ninth episode of the second season of The Sopranos, \"From Where to Eternity\", in a scene in which Tony Soprano is speaking with Paulie Gualtieri in the Bada Bing strip club.\n\nOn the US charts, the song reached number 90 on the Billboard Hot 100, while peaking at number six on the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.\n\nThe song circles around the theme of \"be careful what you wish for\". The lyrics depict a man who just wants to play the king and doesn't care about anything else. This ultimately leads to his downfall, as shown in \"And it all crashes down, and you break your crown\".\n\nMusic video\n\nIn the music video, \"King Nothing\" is seen wandering around a snowy wasteland, throwing away his crown, and then putting another one on. He does this so much, by the end of the video, there are crowns everywhere. At the very end, hundreds of other King Nothings surround him.\n\nThe music video, directed by Matt Mahurin, was filmed in Park City, Utah, in December 1996.\n\nDemo\nThe demo of \"King Nothing\" was called \"Load\" (hence the title of the album on which it is featured) and was recorded in Lars Ulrich's home studio 'Dungeon' by James Hetfield and Ulrich on November 30, 1994.\n\nTrack listing\nCanada and US single \n\"King Nothing\" – 5:28\n\"Ain't My Bitch\" (Live – Irvine Meadows, California, 4 August 1996) – 6:00\n\nUS promo Single\n\"King Nothing\" (edited version) – 4:59 \t\n\"King Nothing\" (full version) – 5:28\n\nCharts\n\nReferences\n\n1996 songs\n1997 singles\nMetallica songs\nSongs written by James Hetfield\nSongs written by Kirk Hammett\nSongs written by Lars Ulrich\nSong recordings produced by Bob Rock", "\"It's Nothing\" is the third and final single from Milk Me, a 2004 album by East Coast hip hop group The Beatnuts. It was released by Penalty Recordings as a 12 inch with \"Confused Rappers\" as its b-side. The song is produced by The Beatnuts and features rapped verses by Juju, Psycho Les and guest rapper A.G., as well as a chorus performed by Gab Goblin. The song is lyrically composed of braggadocios metaphors and punchlines. The song's beat is characterized by a flute sample and quick drums giving it a \"futuristic funk\" sound. The song also features live instrumentation provided by keyboardist Neal Evans.\n\nAlthough \"It's Nothing\" failed to chart or receive an accompanying music video, it elicited positive critical attention: Tom Doggett of RapReviews.com considers it comparable to The Beatnuts' 1997 hit single \"Off the Books\" because of its flute sample. Robert DeGracia of AllHipHop.com claims that \"It's Nothing\" proves the great prowess of Beatnuts production, whilst complementing guest rapper A.G.\n\nSingle track list\n\nA-Side\n \"It's Nothing (Album)\"\n \"It's Nothing (Radio)\"\n \"It's Nothing (Instrumental)\"\n\nB-Side\n \"Confused Rappers (Album)\"\n \"Confused Rappers (Radio)\"\n \"Confused Rappers (Instrumental)\"\n\nReferences\n\nIt's Nothing\nIt's Nothing\n2004 songs" ]

[ "N.E.R.D", "2009-present: Nothing and No One Ever Really Dies", "What is Nothing?", "In 2010, N.E.R.D announced the release of their fourth studio album entitled Nothing,", "Who is NERD?", "Pharrell", "What is a song off of Nothing?", "The first single from the album, \"Hot-n-Fun\" featuring Canadian recording artist Nelly Furtado," ]

[ "The discography of Ludacris, an American rapper, consists of eight studio albums, two compilation albums, one extended play (EP), six mixtapes, 89 singles (including 51 as a featured artist) and nine promotional singles. Thirty-five of those singles have charted in the Top 40 of the US Hot 100 chart.\n\nAlbums\n\nStudio albums\n\nIndependent albums\n\nCompilation albums\n\nMixtapes\n\nExtended plays\n\nSingles\n\nAs lead artist\n\nAs featured artist\n\nPromotional singles\n\nOther charted songs\n\nGuest appearances\n\nProduction discography\n\nExplanatory notes \n\nA \"Slap\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 13 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nB \"Jingalin\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 25 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nC \"Pretty Girl\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 3 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nD \"Creepin' (Solo)\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nE \"Break Your Heart\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 21 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nF \"I Like\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 16 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nG \"Down in tha Dirty\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 10 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nH \"Still Standing\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nI \"Wish You Would\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 14 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100. It did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 18 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nJ \"Undisputed\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 12 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nL \"Hey Ho\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 8 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nM \"Ho\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 3 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nN \"Stomp\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 10 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nO \"In da Club\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 7 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nP \"Ludacrismas\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 4 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nQ \"Grown Woman\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 19 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nR \"Born an OG\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 17 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nS \"Everybody Drunk\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 12 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nT \"Atlanta Zoo\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 15 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nU \"She Don't Know\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 7 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nV \"Tongues\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 11 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nW \"Rich & Flexin did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 22 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\n\nX \"Call Ya Bluff did not enter the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\n\nReferences \n\nHip hop discographies\nDiscographies of American artists\nDiscography", "The discography of American rapper, singer, record producer and songwriter Missy Elliott consists of six studio albums, three compilation albums, one extended play, seventy-four singles (including forty-four as a featured performer) and twenty solo music videos.\n\nAlbums\n\nStudio albums\n\nCompilation albums\n\nBox sets\n\nExtended plays\n\nSingles\n\nAs lead artist\n\nAs featured artist\n\nPromotional singles\n\nOther charted songs\n\nGuest appearances\n\nMusic videos\n\nNotes \n\nA Two single versions of \"All n My Grill\" were released: the first features MC Solaar, and the second features Big Boi.\nB \"Ya Di Ya\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 24 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nC \"Turn da Lights Off\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 8 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nD \"Bad Girl\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 10 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nE \"Whatcha Think About That\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 8 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nF \"Funky Fresh Dressed\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 8 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nG \"(When Kim Say) Can You Hear Me Now?\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nH \"Wake Up\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 20 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nI \"Wake Up Everybody\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 19 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nJ \"Where Could He Be\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 20 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nK \"On and On\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 9 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nL \"All Night Long\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 24 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nM \"Ching-a-Ling\" did not enter the Ultratop 50, but peaked at number 20 on the Flemish Ultratip chart.\nN \"WTF (Where They From)\" did not enter the Ultratop 50, but peaked at number 15 on the Flemish Ultratip chart.\nO \"Burnitup!\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 3 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nP \"Burnitup!\" did not enter the Ultratop 50, but peaked at number 68 on the Flemish Ultratip chart.\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nHip hop discographies\nDiscographies of American artists\nDiscography", "American rapper Bow Wow has released six studio albums, twenty-six singles, fifty-one music videos, and eight mixtapes.\n\nIn his career, Bow Wow has had a total of twelve top 40 singles (three of which were top ten hits) on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart. He has sold over 10 million copies and 14 million digital assets worldwide.\n\nStudio albums\n\nCollaborative albums\n\nMixtapes\n\nSingles\n\nAs lead artist\n\nAs featured artist\n\nPromotional singles\n\nOther charted songs\n\nGuest appearances\n\nNotes \n\nA \"Ain't Thinkin' 'Bout You\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 11 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100. He represents CMR (Cash Money Records) and TPE (The Phoenix Empire) He mentioned these two networks at the end of his song.\nB \"Sweat\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 4 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nC \"We in da Club\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 12 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nD \"Hey Baby (Jump Off)\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 2 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nE \"Lil' L.O.V.E.\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 17 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nF \"Don't Know About That\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 15 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nG \"For My Hood\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 15 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100. It did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 9 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nH \"He Ain't Gotta Know\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 23 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nI \"Headboard Pt. 2\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 19 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\n\nReferences \n\nHip hop discographies\nDiscographies of American artists" ]

[ "N.E.R.D", "2009-present: Nothing and No One Ever Really Dies", "What is Nothing?", "In 2010, N.E.R.D announced the release of their fourth studio album entitled Nothing,", "Who is NERD?", "Pharrell", "What is a song off of Nothing?", "The first single from the album, \"Hot-n-Fun\" featuring Canadian recording artist Nelly Furtado,", "Did the song chart?", "I don't know." ]

[ "Iamus is a computer cluster (a half-cabinet encased in a custom shell) located at Universidad de Málaga. Powered by Melomics' technology, the composing module of Iamus takes 8 minutes to create a full composition in different musical formats, although the native representation can be obtained by the whole system in less than a second (on average). Iamus only composes full pieces of contemporary classical music.\n\nIamus' Opus one, created on October 15, 2010 is the first fragment of professional contemporary classical music ever composed by a computer in its own style (rather than attempting to emulate the style of existing composers as was previously done by David Cope). Iamus's first full composition, Hello World!, premiered exactly one year after the creation of Opus one, on October 15, 2011. Four of Iamus's works premiered on July 2, 2012, and were broadcast live from the School of Computer Science at Universidad de Málaga as part of the events included in the Alan Turing year. The compositions performed at this event were later recorded by the London Symphony Orchestra, creating the album Iamus, which New Scientist reported as the \"first complete album to be composed solely by a computer and recorded by human musicians.\"\n\nCommenting on the authenticity of the music, Stephen Smoliar, critic of classical music at The San Francisco Examiner, commented \"What is primary is the act of making the music itself engaged by the performers and how the listener responds to what those performers do... what is most interesting about the documents generated by Iamus is their capacity to challenge the creative talents of performing musicians\".\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Melomics home page\n Melomics page at University of Malaga (Spain)\n Iamus' Nasciturus, performed by Gustavo Diaz-Jerez and Sviatoslav Belonogov\n London Symphony Orchestra records Transitos II for Iamus self-titled album\n 30 Minute Concert of Iamus' work, in four parts\n BBC 'Click' coverage on Iamus' Composing Style\n Time Magazine \"Finally, a computer which writes classical music without human help\"\n Melomics Records Youtube Channel\n\nCluster computing\nMusic technology\nOne-of-a-kind computers\nSpanish Supercomputing Network", "Yellow Fever! is a 2006 tribute album by Señor Coconut Y Su Conjunto (Uwe Schmidt). It is an album of covers done in a Latin American style.\n\nIt is a tribute album dedicated to the Yellow Magic Orchestra, and is similar to his earlier Kraftwerk tribute album released in 2000. The three original members of the Yellow Magic Orchestra (Ryuichi Sakamoto, Haruomi Hosono, and Yukihiro Takahashi) appear on this album as well as Towa Tei and Mouse on Mars.\n\nBetween each cover song, there are small original interludes by Senor Coconut.\n\nTrack listing\n \"My Name Is Coco (Introduction)\" – 0:20 \n \"Yellow Magic (Tong Poo)\" [Rumba]\n \"Coco Agogo\" – 0:36 \n \"Limbo\" [Mambo] – 3:21 \n \"What Is a Coconut? (Interlude)\"\n \"Behind the Mask\" – 3:22 \n \"El Coco Rallado (Retro Interlude)\" – 0:25 \n \"Pure Jam\" [Mambo]\n \"Mambo Numerique\"\n \"Simoon\" [Bolero] – 6:48\n \"El Coco Loco\" – 0:18\n \"The Madmen\" [Mambo] – 3:51\n \"What Is Coconut? (Interlude)\" – 0:32\n \"Music Plans\" – 4:36\n \"Breaking Music (Interlude)\"\n \"Rydeen\" [Merengue] – 4:26 \n \"El Coco Roto (Interlude \"Cabezón\" Style)\" – 0:19 \n \"Ongaku\" – 3:19\n \"What Is Coconut?\" – 0:33\n \"Firecracker\" [Merengue] – 5:32\n \"Señor Coconut And His Orchestra\" – 0:06\n\nReferences\n\n2006 albums\nCovers albums\nUwe Schmidt albums", "Flight Tribe () is Taiwanese Mandopop band F.I.R.'s third Mandarin studio album. It was released on 28 July 2006 by Warner Music Taiwan. It features a collaboration with the American country music singer and Grammy Award winner, LeAnn Rimes. The fourth track \"天天夜夜\" (Every Day And Night), is a cover version of \"How Do I Live\", with Rimes singing in the opening and bridge of the track.\n\nThe track \"飛行部落\" (Flight Tribe) was nominated for Top 10 Gold Songs at the Hong Kong TVB8 Awards, presented by television station TVB8, in 2006.\n\nAlbum\n According to track 13 \"What's Next?\" from Unlimited, the main origin of this album should be Jazz in American style. \n The melody of the track \"待續\" (To be Continued...) from F.I.R.-Fairyland in Reality became the introductory melody of track \"無限\" (Unlimited) from Unlimited. But this album did not use the melody of \"What's next?\" from Unlimited.\n The song that \"What's next?\" announced is the song of track 8 \"1234567\".\n The piano version of \"Every Day And Night (天天夜夜)\" is at hidden track of Track 11.\n\nTrack listing\n \"Intro\" - 1'26\"\n \"Get High\" - 3'47\"\n \"雨櫻花\" (Rain Cherry Blossom) - 4'39\"\n \"天天夜夜\" (Every Day And Night/ How Do I Live) (sampling & featuring LeAnn Rimes) - 4'53\"\n \"飛行部落\" (Flight Tribe) - 4'28\"\n \"北極圈\" (Arctic Circle) - 4'34\"\n \"你很愛他\" (You Really Love Him) - 4'47\"\n \"1234567\" - 3'35\"\n \"眷戀\" (Attachment) - 4'10\"\n \"I Don't Care\" - 4'03\"\n \"我最愛的人\" (The Person I Love Most) - 4'20\"\n (Hidden Track, at Track 11) - (7'25\", Hidden track included)\n\nChart\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Official announcement of new album Flight Tribe\n\nF.I.R. albums\n2006 albums\nWarner Music Taiwan albums" ]

[ "N.E.R.D", "2009-present: Nothing and No One Ever Really Dies", "What is Nothing?", "In 2010, N.E.R.D announced the release of their fourth studio album entitled Nothing,", "Who is NERD?", "Pharrell", "What is a song off of Nothing?", "The first single from the album, \"Hot-n-Fun\" featuring Canadian recording artist Nelly Furtado,", "Did the song chart?", "I don't know.", "What is the music style of the album?", "produced by electronic music duo Daft Punk." ]

[ "No One Ever Really Dies (stylized as NO_ONE EVER REALLY DIES) is the fifth studio album by American hip hop and rock band N.E.R.D. The album was released on December 15, 2017 through I Am Other and Columbia Records. It features guest appearances from Rihanna, André 3000, Kendrick Lamar, M.I.A., Gucci Mane, Wale, Future and Ed Sheeran among others. It was preceded by three singles; \"Lemon\" with Rihanna, \"1000\" with Future, and \"Don't Don't Do It!\" with Kendrick Lamar.\n\nNo One Ever Really Dies is the group's first full-length album since 2010's Nothing.\n\nBackground\nOn February 6, 2017, during an interview with BBC Radio 1, Pharrell stated that \"it's feeling really good, really special\" about the group's return.\n\nIn October 2017, the album was teased after posters were popping up on the side of streets, and by concertgoers at the 2017 Camp Flog Gnaw Carnival.\n\nThe album was debuted with a live listening party during the first day at ComplexCon, thus revealing the tracklist. Pharrell revealed the album's cover art and release date via Instagram and Twitter on November 22, 2017.\n\nArtwork\nThe album's artwork depicts a tongue with the album's title placed on top and aluminum foil on the teeth to substitute grills.\n\nCritical reception\n\nNo One Ever Really Dies received positive reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album has an average score of 74, based on 17 reviews, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\".\n\nIn a four out of five star review for AllMusic, critic Andy Kellman claimed that \"Tied together with recurring declarations of \"mad ethnic right now,\" sampled from Retch's 2016 viral clip, the album is all raucous resistance to issues ranging from anti-immigration to police brutality to transgender rights. When Williams barks \"You fuckin' with survivors!\" like an activist Rockwell, he perfectly summarizes the indignant optimism that dominates the best N.E.R.D album since the original version of In Search of....\"\n\nTrack listing\nCredits adapted from Tidal. All tracks are produced by Pharrell Williams, except where noted.\n\nNotes\n signifies an additional producer.\n signifies an additional vocal producer.\n \"Don’t Don’t Do It!\" originally featured credited vocals by Frank Ocean.\n \"Deep Down Body Thurst\" features additional vocals by Mike Larson.\n \"1000\" features additional vocals by Alex DePersia, Mette Towley, Rhea Dummett and Phi Hollinger.\n \"ESP\" features additional vocals by Alex DePersia and Mette Towley.\n \"Lightning Fire Magic Prayer\" features additional vocals by Rocket Williams, Helen Williams, Rhea Dummett and Mike Larson.\n \"Kites\" features additional vocals by ASAP Rocky, Mary J. Blige, Rhea Dummett, Hana Hollinger, Phi Hollinger and Helen Williams.\n \"Secret Life of Tigers\" features additional vocals by First Summer Uika and Momose Momo of Billie Idle, and Cara Delevingne.\n\nPersonnel\nN.E.R.D\n Pharrell Williams – production , executive production\n Chad Hugo – additional production , synthesizers , doorslam , synth FX , programming \n Shay Haley\n\nAdditional musicians\n\n Kendrick Lamar – performance \n Rihanna – performance \n Gucci Mane – performance \n Wale – performance \n Future – performance \n André 3000 – performance \n M.I.A. – performance \n Ed Sheeran – performance \n Thundercat – bass \n Brent Paschke – electric guitar \n Rhea Dummett – additional vocals \n Mike \"Miguel Milliones\" Larson – additional vocals , programming \n Alex DePersia – additional vocals \n Mette Towley – additional vocals \n Phi Hollinger – additional vocals \n Helen Williams – additional vocals \n Rocket Williams – additional vocals \n ASAP Rocky – additional vocals \n Mary J. Blige – additional vocals \n Hana Hollinger – additional vocals \n First Summer Uika – additional vocals \n Momose Momo – additional vocals \n Cara Delevingne – additional vocals \n Tenley Sage – native youth \n Red Eagle Perkins – native youth \n Amiah Fimbres – native youth \n Precious Bernie – native youth \n Wacantkiya Eagle – native youth \n Mahpiya Eagle – native youth \n Jayde Kelly – native youth \n Chayla Warren – native youth \n Winona Gayto – native youth \n Ku-uipo Mauai – native youth \n\nTechnical\n\n Mike Larson – recording engineer , native youth vocal production , mixing\n Andrew Coleman – recording engineer \n James Hunt – recording engineer \n Matt Schaeffer – recording engineer \n Marcos Tovar – recording engineer \n Kori Anders – recording engineer \n Ken Oriole – recording engineer \n Kuk Harrell – Rihanna vocal production \n Rhea Dummett – native youth vocal production \n Ben \"Bengineer\" Sedano – 2nd engineer , assistant mix engineer\n Thomas Cullison – 2nd engineer , assistant mix engineer\n Jacob Dennis – 2nd engineer \n Jordon Silva – 2nd engineer \n Masayuki Hara – 2nd engineer \n Madoka Kambe – 2nd engineer \n Hart Gunther – 2nd engineer \n Daryl Johnson – 2nd engineer \n Miguel DaCruz – 2nd engineer \n Eric Eylands – 2nd engineer \n Brendan Morawski – 2nd engineer \n David Kim – 2nd engineer \n Todd Hurtt – 2nd engineer \n David Kim – 2nd engineer \n Ramon Rivas – 2nd engineer \n Matt Tuggle – 2nd engineer \n Iain Findlay – 2nd engineer \n Josh Seflers – 2nd engineer \n John Muller – 2nd engineer \n Sean Klein – 2nd engineer \n David Swenson – 2nd engineer \n Graham Thomas – 2nd engineer \n Leslie Brathwaite – mixing\n Jon Sher – assistant mix engineer\n Tony Flores – assistant mix engineer\n Chris Athens – mastering\n\nRelease\n\n Caron Veazey – Pharrell Williams management\n Ron Laffitte – Pharrell Williams management\n Alex DePersia – Pharrell Williams project management\n Todd Tourso – Pharrell Williams creative direction, art direction\n Phi Hollinger – Pharrell Williams creative direction, art direction\n Pres Rodriguez – art direction\n Mike Larson – album A&R and coordination\n Jerry Edouard – album A&R and coordination\n Michelle Dupont – Chad Hugo management\n Jan Fairchild – Chad Hugo engineering\n Erik Ian – photography\n\nCharts\n\nReferences\n\n2017 albums\nN.E.R.D. albums\nAlbums produced by Pharrell Williams\nAlbums produced by Kuk Harrell\nAlbums produced by Chad Hugo\nColumbia Records albums", "\"What It's Like\" is a song by American musician Everlast. It was released in July 1998 as the lead single from his second studio album, Whitey Ford Sings the Blues (1998). The song is typical of the style Everlast embraced after leaving hip hop trio House of Pain, being a combination of rock, hip-hop and blues incorporating characterization and empathy towards impoverished protagonists.\n\nThe song went to number one on the US Billboard Mainstream Rock chart for one week and number one on the Modern Rock Tracks chart for nine weeks. It also peaked at number 13 on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming the singer's only solo top 40 hit on the US chart to date. Outside the United States, the song reached number four in Iceland, number six in Canada and the top 30 in Australia, Austria, Germany and Switzerland.\n\nSong structure\n\nStructurally, the song consists of three verses, a chorus, and a bridge. The last line of the chorus varies in accordance with the particular situation faced by the character in the preceding verse. Each character is presented in a sympathetic light as a victim of circumstance and as being an object of derision. Each verse ends with the line God forbid you ever had to walk a mile in his/her shoes (in the third verse, \"...you ever had to wake up to hear the news\") and Cause then you really might know what it's like to, with the action varying depending on what the character has to do (\"sing the blues,\" \"have to choose,\" and \"have to lose,\" respectively).\n\nThe characters are:\n A beggar (the man at the liquor store beggin' for your change); when asking for change from a man he's turned down rudely (Get a job, you fuckin' slob)\n Mary, a pregnant girl who decides to have an abortion (Mary got pregnant from a kid named Tom who said he was in love); when she goes through the door of the clinic, she gets called a \"killer,\" a \"sinner,\" and a \"whore.\"\n A drug dealer named Max, a man with violent friends and an alcohol problem (He liked to hang out late, he liked to get shit-faced and keep the pace with thugs) who dies a violent death (He pulled out his chrome .45 talked some shit and wound up dead'').\n\nThe speaker attempts to build sympathy for each character's struggle through the phrase \"God forbid you ever had to walk a mile in his/her shoes, 'cause then you really might know what it's like\". The third verse changes the angle slightly to focus on the family left behind: \"Now his wife and his kids are caught in the midst of all of his pain ... God forbid you ever had to wake up to hear the news, 'cause then you really might know what it's like to have to lose\".\n\nMusic video\nThe music video was directed by Frank Sacramento in Los Angeles. Everlast is shown singing underwater while the three characters depicted in his song drown. Later they are crowded around a window (possibly dead) behind which an idyllic family is enjoying dinner, oblivious to the less fortunate who are outside.\n\nTrack listings\n\nUS promo CD\n \"What It's Like\" (no curses, no drugs, no guns, time edit with scratches) – 4:35\n \"What It's Like\" (no curses, no drugs, no guns, time edit with drop outs) – 4:35\n \"What It's Like\" (no curses, time edit with scratches) – 4:35\n \"What It's Like\" (no curses, time edit with drop outs) – 4:35\n \"What It's Like\" (no curses, no drugs, no guns, album length with scratches) – 5:03\n \"What It's Like\" (no curses, no drugs, no guns, album length with drop outs) – 5:06\n \"What It's Like\" (album version) – 5:03\n\nUK 7-inch single\nA. \"What It's Like\" (original album version) – 5:03\nB. \"7 Years\" – 4:04\n\nUK CD and cassette single\n \"What It's Like\" (radio edit) – 3:49\n \"What It's Like\" (original album version) – 5:03\n\nEuropean and Australian CD single\n \"What It's Like\" (radio edit) – 3:49\n \"What It's Like\" (original album version) – 5:03\n \"7 Years\" – 4:04\n\nCharts\n\nWeekly charts\n\nYear-end charts\n\nRelease history\n\nReferences\n\n1998 singles\n1998 songs\nEverlast (musician) songs\nMushroom Records singles\nSongs about abortion\nTommy Boy Records singles", "Talons is the first solo EP recorded by Josh Dies. The album was released under DIES. The EP contains \"re-imaginings\" of two Showbread songs: \"Never An Oceanographer\" and \"Age of Insects\". A cover of the Sullivan song, \"Dig Me Up\" is also present on the EP.\n\nTrack listing\n \"Brundle Fly\" 0:44\n \"You're So Stupid\" 3:05\n \"Dig Me Up\" 4:04\n \"Never An Oceanographer\" 4:09\n \"Talons\" 4:33\n \"Age of Insects\" 4:02\n \"24 Hours\" 2:27\n\nProduction mistakes\n\nOn the track listing, \"Never An Oceanographer\" is misprinted as \"Never An Oceangrpaher.\"\n\nReferences\n\nJosh Dies albums\n2009 EPs" ]

[ "N.E.R.D", "2009-present: Nothing and No One Ever Really Dies", "What is Nothing?", "In 2010, N.E.R.D announced the release of their fourth studio album entitled Nothing,", "Who is NERD?", "Pharrell", "What is a song off of Nothing?", "The first single from the album, \"Hot-n-Fun\" featuring Canadian recording artist Nelly Furtado,", "Did the song chart?", "I don't know.", "What is the music style of the album?", "produced by electronic music duo Daft Punk.", "Is No one ever really dies an album?", "N.E.R.D's fifth album, No One Ever Really Dies, was released on December 15, 2017" ]

[ "MDNA may refer to:\n\n Mitochondrial DNA (mDNA or mtDNA), the DNA located in organelles called mitochondria\n MDNA (album), a 2012 album by Madonna\n The MDNA Tour, the 2012 concert tour by Madonna to promote the album\n MDNA World Tour (album), the live album/BD of the tour\n\nSee also\n MDMA\n mRNA", "Backspacer may refer to:\n\nBackspacer, an album by Pearl Jam\nBackspacer Tour, a tour to promote the Pearl Jam album\nBackspacer (Supergroove album)", "Rise is the second studio album by Japanese band Speed. The album was released on 29 April 1998 and contains the singles \"Wake Me Up!\", \"My Graduation\" and their all-time biggest hit, \"White Love\". The album successfully topped the Oricon sales charts eventually selling 2.09 million copies making it the best selling original studio album by female group in Japan. They later embarked on a summer tour titled \"Rise Dome Tour\" to promote their album becoming the first female Jpop group ever to complete the dome tour in Japan.\n\nTrack listing\n Rise\n Sophisticated Girl\n Another Sweet Field\n Wake Me Up (Rise Mix)\n White Love\n \n Reset 99 to 00\n Brand New Weekend (Varick Street Mix)\n — (Tropical Night)\n Too Young\n My Graduation (Album Version)\n I'll Be Alright\n Street Life\n\nReferences\n\nSpeed (Japanese band) albums\n1998 albums\nToy's Factory albums" ]

[ "N.E.R.D", "2009-present: Nothing and No One Ever Really Dies", "What is Nothing?", "In 2010, N.E.R.D announced the release of their fourth studio album entitled Nothing,", "Who is NERD?", "Pharrell", "What is a song off of Nothing?", "The first single from the album, \"Hot-n-Fun\" featuring Canadian recording artist Nelly Furtado,", "Did the song chart?", "I don't know.", "What is the music style of the album?", "produced by electronic music duo Daft Punk.", "Is No one ever really dies an album?", "N.E.R.D's fifth album, No One Ever Really Dies, was released on December 15, 2017", "Did they tour to promote the album?", "No" ]

[ "is a Japanese tarento, fashion critic, journalist, and chanson singer. His younger identical twin brother is film critic Osugi, they both came out gay during their debut and took his advantage as a tarento and commentator.\n\nFilmography\n\nCurrent appearances\n\nTV series\n\nIrregular appearances\n\nTV series\n\nFormer appearances\n\nTV series\n\nRadio\n\nAdvertisements\n\nBibliography\n\nSolo\n\nCo-author\n\nDiscography\n\nLP records\n\nSingles\n\nAlbums\n\nReferences\n\nIdentical twins\nJapanese critics\nJapanese entertainers\n1945 births\nLiving people\nPeople from Yokohama\nGay entertainers\nLGBT people from Japan\nFashion journalists", "is a Japanese free announcer. She is represented with Cent Force.\n\nFilmography\n\nCurrent appearances\nTV series\n\nRadio\n\nAdvertisements\n\nFormer appearances\nAs a YTV announcer\n\nTV dramas\n\nFilms\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nJapanese announcers\nJapanese radio personalities\n1983 births\nLiving people\nPeople from Izumiōtsu, Osaka\nWakayama University alumni", "is a Japanese comedian, tarento and actor who has featured in films, television, and radio. He performs boke and writes all the material in his comedy duo Kirin. His partner is Hiroshi Tamura. Kawashima is represented by Yoshimoto Kogyo and is mainly active in Tokyo and Osaka.\n\nLife and career\nKawashima graduated from the 20th generation Yoshimoto NSC Osaka. He formed the comedy duo Kirin with Hiroshi Tamura in 1999 and rose to popularity after becoming a finalist in the 1st M-1 Grand Prix in 2001. Kirin continued to make strides as they entered the finals 5 out of the 8 times they entered the M-1 Grand Prix, becoming active in manzai despite their initial focus on the genre of conte. In 2010, Kawashima entered the R-1 Grand Prix and was a finalist, finishing in 4th place overall.\n\nKawashima was engaged in 2015 and married on March 8, 2016. Later that year in November 2016, Kawashima won his first oogiri winning title on Ippon Grand Prix, defeating the then three-time champion Bakarhythm. From then on, Kawashima was a regular on Ippon Grand Prix, almost winning his second and back to back title against Chihara Junior in May 2017, but lost as the runners-up. Kawashima continues to perform as a television personality.\n\nMedia \nThis list consists of only media appearances and works by Akira Kawashima, for appearances and works as the comedy duo Kirin, see Kirin.\n\nMovies\n (SSM Co Ltd, 2007-02-03)\n (Jolly Roger, 2009-06-20)\n (SSM Co Ltd, 2009-07-25) – Voice-over dub\n (2013-10-19) – as Takuya Hirahara\n (Toei, 2017-03-25) – as MC, voice-over dub\n\nTelevision\n\nDramas\n – Chapter 3, Koisuru Konbini (Nippon TV, 2008-03-15) as Imaizumi's boyfriend\n (NHK G)\n (2009) – as Bekkamu Ichirō\n (2019) – as Katsumi Shimoyama\n (TBS, 2019-01-16) – as Yasuda\n\nCurrent Programs\n\nRegular\n Keiba Beat (Kansai TV, 2010-01-10–) – MC\n (TV Tokyo, 2014-10-08–)\n (Fuji TV, 2015-04-13–)\n (Kansai TV, 2016-04-08) – MC\n\nSpecial/Irregular\n (Chukyo TV, 2011–) – Annually\n (ABC TV, 2012–) – MC, Special Program\n (MBS TV, 2012–) – Special Program\n (Nippon TV, 2015–) – Senpai no Kabe, Special Program\n (Fuji TV, 2016–) – Special Program, Irregular\n (TV Asahi, 2007–) – Irregular\n\nRadio\n (NHK Radio 1, 2014-04-03–) – Thursday Personality\n (NHK Radio 1, 2012–) – MC, Special Program\n (NHK Radio 1) – Special Program\n\nWeb Series\n (AbemaTV, 2018-11-04–) – MC\n\nCommercials\n (Shiseido, 2006)\n (Shiseido, 2006)\n Garlic Pepper Chicken (KFC Japan, 2007)\n Monster Hunter Freedom Unite (Sony Interactive Entertainment, 2008)\n Fire Emblem: New Mystery of the Emblem (Nintendo, 2010) – alongside Riisa Naka\n Pilotwings Resort (Nintendo, 2011)\n Monster Hunter 4 (Nintendo, 2013)\n Suzuki Wagon R (Suzuki)\n\nDVD\n (Yoshimoto Kogyo, 2010-07-21)\n\nBibliography\n (Futabasha, 2014-11-05)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\nJapanese comedians\nJapanese television personalities\nJapanese male actors\nPeople from Kyoto\n1979 births\nLiving people" ]

[ "N.E.R.D", "2009-present: Nothing and No One Ever Really Dies", "What is Nothing?", "In 2010, N.E.R.D announced the release of their fourth studio album entitled Nothing,", "Who is NERD?", "Pharrell", "What is a song off of Nothing?", "The first single from the album, \"Hot-n-Fun\" featuring Canadian recording artist Nelly Furtado,", "Did the song chart?", "I don't know.", "What is the music style of the album?", "produced by electronic music duo Daft Punk.", "Is No one ever really dies an album?", "N.E.R.D's fifth album, No One Ever Really Dies, was released on December 15, 2017", "Did they tour to promote the album?", "No", "Did they make any TV or radio appearances?", "Late Show with David Letterman," ]

[ "R2D3 (stylized as R2*D3) is a Brazilian pop band formed in 2009, consisting of Brendha Lu, Davi Moraes, Roberta Mitidieri and Dodô Teixeira. The band was put together by Natália Subtil and produced by Güido Laris.\n\nHistory\nThe band was formed on April 4, 2009, by Natália Subtil with the mission to bring joy, fun and pop his followers. Later that year the band went to Mexico to record their first album, Nasci Pra Te Amar. The band was produced by Güido Laris, who also produced music for the bands RBD, OV7, Timbiriche and singer Belinda. The album contains tracks like \"Talk Talk\", \"On My Way\" and \"Here\". The band was featured on several Mexican TV shows and their music also gained airplay in the country.\n\nMembers\n\nReferences\n\nBrazilian musical groups", "Alaska is the third studio album by American progressive metal band Between the Buried and Me. It was released on September 6, 2005 through Victory Records and is the first album to feature the band's current lineup, with the addition of Dustie Waring on guitar, Dan Briggs on bass, and Blake Richardson on drums. The band co-produced the album with Matthew Ellard, who produced the band's last album The Silent Circus, and Jamie King, who had previously produced the band's self-titled album. The album was remixed and remastered in 2020.\n\nWhile Alaska did not sell as well as its predecessor The Silent Circus upon release, it still achieved high critical reviews and it includes some of the band’s most notable songs, such as its title track and \"Selkies: The Endless Obsession\". Another version of Alaska was released featuring instrumental versions of most of the songs (excluding tracks 3, 6, and 7). A music video was released for the song \"Alaska\".\n\nTrack listing\n\nPersonnel\n\nBetween the Buried and Me\nTommy Giles Rogers – lead vocals, keyboards, piano\nPaul Waggoner – lead guitar, vocals\nDan Briggs – bass, programming, backing vocals\nDustie Waring – rhythm guitar\nBlake Richardson – drums, percussion\n\nProduction\nProduced by Matthew Ellard and Jamie King\nEngineered by Jamie King\nMixed by Matthew Ellard\nKris Smith – mix assistant\nAlan Douches – mastering\nWes Richardson – artwork and layout\n\nReferences\n\nBetween the Buried and Me albums\n2005 albums\nVictory Records albums\nAlbums produced by Jamie King (record producer)", "Mercury4 is the debut, and only, album by boy band, Mercury4, which was released on 31 May 2004 and peaked at No. 32 on the ARIA Albums Chart.\n\nMaking of the album and chart success\n\nBMG recruited hit production team the Matrix who had produced hits for Avril Lavigne and Hilary Duff to write and produce Mercury4's first single \"Get Me Some\". Released in June 2003 in Australia, it rose to the top five of the ARIA Singles Chart in the following month.\n\nTheir second single \"5 Years From Now\" was released in January 2004 and reached the top 20 of the Australian charts in February 2004. The band's third single \"Every Little Step\", is a cover version of the Bobby Brown hit from his album Don't Be Cruel. This track was produced by Cutfather & Joe who wrote and produced the Jamelia hit, \"Superstar\".\n\nThe band's self-titled debut, Mercury4, was released on 31 May 2004. The album includes their version of Air Supply's hit single, \"All Out of Love\", with vocals by the group's lead singers, Russell Hitchcock and Graham Russell. The track features contributions by Kevin Layton who replaced Jarvier Perez who left the band in early 2004.\n\nTrack listing\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Mercury4 web page\n\nMercury4 albums\n2004 debut albums\nAlbums produced by Cutfather" ]

[ "ABBA", "1976-1981: Superstardom" ]

[ "Don Juan Manuel's Tales of Count Lucanor, in Spanish Libro de los ejemplos del conde Lucanor y de Patronio (Book of the Examples of Count Lucanor and of Patronio), also commonly known as El Conde Lucanor, Libro de Patronio, or Libro de los ejemplos (original Old Castilian: Libro de los enxiemplos del Conde Lucanor et de Patronio), is one of the earliest works of prose in Castilian Spanish. It was first written in 1335.\n\nThe book is divided into four parts. The first and most well-known part is a series of 51 short stories (some no more than a page or two) drawn from various sources, such as Aesop and other classical writers, and Arabic folktales.\n\nTales of Count Lucanor was first printed in 1575 when it was published at Seville under the auspices of Argote de Molina. It was again printed at Madrid in 1642, after which it lay forgotten for nearly two centuries.\n\nPurpose and structure\n\nA didactic, moralistic purpose, which would color so much of the Spanish literature to follow (see Novela picaresca), is the mark of this book. Count Lucanor engages in conversation with his advisor Patronio, putting to him a problem (\"Some man has made me a proposition...\" or \"I fear that such and such person intends to...\") and asking for advice. Patronio responds always with the greatest humility, claiming not to wish to offer advice to so illustrious a person as the Count, but offering to tell him a story of which the Count's problem reminds him. (Thus, the stories are \"examples\" [ejemplos] of wise action.) At the end he advises the Count to do as the protagonist of his story did.\n\nEach chapter ends in more or less the same way, with slight variations on: \"And this pleased the Count greatly and he did just so, and found it well. And Don Johán (Juan) saw that this example was very good, and had it written in this book, and composed the following verses.\" A rhymed couplet closes, giving the moral of the story.\n\nOrigin of stories and influence on later literature\nMany of the stories written in the book are the first examples written in a modern European language of various stories, which many other writers would use in the proceeding centuries. Many of the stories he included were themselves derived from other stories, coming from western and Arab sources.\n\nShakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew has the basic elements of Tale 35, \"What Happened to a Young Man Who Married a Strong and Ill-tempered Woman\".\n\nTale 32, \"What Happened to the King and the Tricksters Who Made Cloth\" tells the story that Hans Christian Andersen made popular as The Emperor's New Clothes.\n\nStory 7, \"What Happened to a Woman Named Truhana\", a version of Aesop's The Milkmaid and Her Pail, was claimed by Max Müller to originate in the Hindu cycle Panchatantra.\n\nTale 2, \"What happened to a good Man and his Son, leading a beast to market,\" is the familiar fable The miller, his son and the donkey.\n\nIn 2016, Baroque Decay released a game under the name \"The Count Lucanor\". As well as some protagonists' names, certain events from the books inspired past events in the game.\n\nThe stories\n\nThe book opens with a prologue which introduces the characters of the Count and Patronio. The titles in the following list are those given in Keller and Keating's 1977 translation into English. James York's 1868 translation into English gives a significantly different ordering of the stories and omits the fifty-first.\n\n What Happened to a King and His Favorite \n What Happened to a Good Man and His Son \n How King Richard of England Leapt into the Sea against the Moors\n What a Genoese Said to His Soul When He Was about to Die \n What Happened to a Fox and a Crow Who Had a Piece of Cheese in His Beak\n How the Swallow Warned the Other Birds When She Saw Flax Being Sown \n What Happened to a Woman Named Truhana \n What Happened to a Man Whose Liver Had to Be Washed \n What Happened to Two Horses Which Were Thrown to the Lion \n What Happened to a Man Who on Account of Poverty and Lack of Other Food Was Eating Bitter Lentils \n What Happened to a Dean of Santiago de Compostela and Don Yllán, the Grand Master of Toledo\n What Happened to the Fox and the Rooster \n What Happened to a Man Who Was Hunting Partridges \n The Miracle of Saint Dominick When He Preached against the Usurer \n What Happened to Lorenzo Suárez at the Siege of Seville \n The Reply that count Fernán González Gave to His Relative Núño Laynes \n What Happened to a Very Hungry Man Who Was Half-heartedly Invited to Dinner \n What Happened to Pero Meléndez de Valdés When He Broke His Leg \n What Happened to the Crows and the Owls \n What Happened to a King for Whom a Man Promised to Perform Alchemy \n What Happened to a Young King and a Philosopher to Whom his Father Commended Him \n What Happened to the Lion and the Bull \n How the Ants Provide for Themselves \n What Happened to the King Who Wanted to Test His Three Sons \n What Happened to the Count of Provence and How He Was Freed from Prison by the Advice of Saladin\n What Happened to the Tree of Lies \n What Happened to an Emperor and to Don Alvarfáñez Minaya and Their Wives \n What Happened in Granada to Don Lorenzo Suárez Gallinato When He Beheaded the Renegade Chaplain \n What Happened to a Fox Who Lay down in the Street to Play Dead \n What Happened to King Abenabet of Seville and Ramayquía His Wife \n How a Cardinal Judged between the Canons of Paris and the Friars Minor \n What Happened to the King and the Tricksters Who Made Cloth \n What Happened to Don Juan Manuel's Saker Falcon and an Eagle and a Heron \n What Happened to a Blind Man Who Was Leading Another \n What Happened to a Young Man Who Married a Strong and Ill-tempered Woman\n What Happened to a Merchant When He Found His Son and His Wife Sleeping Together \n What Happened to Count Fernán González with His Men after He Had Won the Battle of Hacinas \n What Happened to a Man Who Was Loaded down with Precious Stones and Drowned in the River \n What Happened to a Man and a Swallow and a Sparrow \n Why the Seneschal of Carcassonne Lost His Soul \n What Happened to a King of Córdova Named Al-Haquem \n What Happened to a Woman of Sham Piety \n What Happened to Good and Evil and the Wise Man and the Madman \n What Happened to Don Pero Núñez the Loyal, to Don Ruy González de Zavallos, and to Don Gutier Roiz de Blaguiello with Don Rodrigo the Generous \n What Happened to a Man Who Became the Devil's Friend and Vassal \n What Happened to a Philosopher who by Accident Went down a Street Where Prostitutes Lived \n What Befell a Moor and His Sister Who Pretended That She Was Timid \n What Happened to a Man Who Tested His Friends \n What Happened to the Man Whom They Cast out Naked on an Island When They Took away from Him the Kingdom He Ruled \n What Happened to Saladin and a Lady, the Wife of a Knight Who Was His Vassal \n What Happened to a Christian King Who Was Very Powerful and Haughty\n\nReferences\n\nNotes\n\nBibliography\n\n Sturm, Harlan\n\n Wacks, David\n\nExternal links\n\nThe Internet Archive provides free access to the 1868 translation by James York.\nJSTOR has the to the 1977 translation by Keller and Keating.\nSelections in English and Spanish (pedagogical edition) with introduction, notes, and bibliography in Open Iberia/América (open access teaching anthology)\n\n14th-century books\nSpanish literature\n1335 books", "\"What Happened to Us\" is a song by Australian recording artist Jessica Mauboy, featuring English recording artist Jay Sean. It was written by Sean, Josh Alexander, Billy Steinberg, Jeremy Skaller, Rob Larow, Khaled Rohaim and Israel Cruz. \"What Happened to Us\" was leaked online in October 2010, and was released on 10 March 2011, as the third single from Mauboy's second studio album, Get 'Em Girls (2010). The song received positive reviews from critics.\n\nA remix of \"What Happened to Us\" made by production team OFM, was released on 11 April 2011. A different version of the song which features Stan Walker, was released on 29 May 2011. \"What Happened to Us\" charted on the ARIA Singles Chart at number 14 and was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). An accompanying music video was directed by Mark Alston, and reminisces on a former relationship between Mauboy and Sean.\n\nProduction and release\n\n\"What Happened to Us\" was written by Josh Alexander, Billy Steinberg, Jeremy Skaller, Rob Larow, Khaled Rohaim, Israel Cruz and Jay Sean. It was produced by Skaller, Cruz, Rohaim and Bobby Bass. The song uses C, D, and B minor chords in the chorus. \"What Happened to Us\" was sent to contemporary hit radio in Australia on 14 February 2011. The cover art for the song was revealed on 22 February on Mauboy's official Facebook page. A CD release was available for purchase via her official website on 10 March, for one week only. It was released digitally the following day.\n\nReception\nMajhid Heath from ABC Online Indigenous called the song a \"Jordin Sparks-esque duet\", and wrote that it \"has a nice innocence to it that rings true to the experience of losing a first love.\" Chris Urankar from Nine to Five wrote that it as a \"mid-tempo duet ballad\" which signifies Mauboy's strength as a global player. On 21 March 2011, \"What Happened to Us\" debuted at number 30 on the ARIA Singles Chart, and peaked at number 14 the following week. The song was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), for selling 70,000 copies. \"What Happened to Us\" spent a total of ten weeks in the ARIA top fifty.\n\nMusic video\n\nBackground\nThe music video for the song was shot in the Elizabeth Bay House in Sydney on 26 November 2010. The video was shot during Sean's visit to Australia for the Summerbeatz tour. During an interview with The Daily Telegraph while on the set of the video, Sean said \"the song is sick! ... Jessica's voice is amazing and we're shooting [the video] in this ridiculously beautiful mansion overlooking the harbour.\" The video was directed by Mark Alston, who had previously directed the video for Mauboy's single \"Let Me Be Me\" (2009). It premiered on YouTube on 10 February 2011.\n\nSynopsis and reception\nThe video begins showing Mauboy who appears to be sitting on a yellow antique couch in a mansion, wearing a purple dress. As the video progresses, scenes of memories are displayed of Mauboy and her love interest, played by Sean, spending time there previously. It then cuts to the scenes where Sean appears in the main entrance room of the mansion. The final scene shows Mauboy outdoors in a gold dress, surrounded by green grass and trees. She is later joined by Sean who appears in a black suit and a white shirt, and together they sing the chorus of the song to each other. David Lim of Feed Limmy wrote that the video is \"easily the best thing our R&B princess has committed to film – ever\" and praised the \"mansion and wondrous interior décor\". He also commended Mauboy for choosing Australian talent to direct the video instead of American directors, which she had used for her previous two music videos. Since its release, the video has received over two million views on Vevo.\n\nLive performances\nMauboy performed \"What Happened to Us\" live for the first time during her YouTube Live Sessions program on 4 December 2010. She also appeared on Adam Hills in Gordon Street Tonight on 23 February 2011 for an interview and later performed the song. On 15 March 2011, Mauboy performed \"What Happened to Us\" on Sunrise. She also performed the song with Stan Walker during the Australian leg of Chris Brown's F.A.M.E. Tour in April 2011. Mauboy and Walker later performed \"What Happened to Us\" on Dancing with the Stars Australia on 29 May 2011. From November 2013 to February 2014, \"What Happened to Us\" was part of the set list of the To the End of the Earth Tour, Mauboy's second headlining tour of Australia, with Nathaniel Willemse singing Sean's part.\n\nTrack listing\n\nDigital download\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean – 3:19\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (Sgt Slick Remix) – 6:33\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (Just Witness Remix) – 3:45\n\nCD single\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (Album Version) – 3:19\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (Sgt Slick Remix) – 6:33\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (OFM Remix) – 3:39\n\nDigital download – Remix\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Jay Sean (OFM Remix) – 3:38\n\nDigital download\n \"What Happened to Us\" featuring Stan Walker – 3:20\n\nPersonnel\nSongwriting – Josh Alexander, Billy Steinberg, Jeremy Skaller, Rob Larow, Khaled Rohaim, Israel Cruz, Jay Sean\nProduction – Jeremy Skaller, Bobby Bass\nAdditional production – Israel Cruz, Khaled Rohaim\nLead vocals – Jessica Mauboy, Jay Sean\nMixing – Phil Tan\nAdditional mixing – Damien Lewis\nMastering – Tom Coyne \nSource:\n\nCharts\n\nWeekly chart\n\nYear-end chart\n\nCertification\n\nRadio dates and release history\n\nReferences\n\n2010 songs\n2011 singles\nJessica Mauboy songs\nJay Sean songs\nSongs written by Billy Steinberg\nSongs written by Jay Sean\nSongs written by Josh Alexander\nSongs written by Israel Cruz\nVocal duets\nSony Music Australia singles\nSongs written by Khaled Rohaim" ]

[ "ABBA", "1976-1981: Superstardom", "what happened in 1976?", "In March 1976, the band released the compilation album Greatest Hits," ]

[ "1961 Soviet Class B was the twelfth season of the Soviet Class B football competitions since their establishment in 1950. It was also the 21st season of what was eventually became known as the Soviet First League.\n\nRussian Federation\n\nI Zone\n\nNotes:\n Textilshchik Kostroma was called Spartak.\n\nII Zone\n\nNotes:\n Trud Glukhovo relocated to Noginsk.\n Spartak Smolensk was called Textilshchik.\n\nIII Zone\n\nNotes:\n Sokol Saratov was called Lokomotiv.\n Spartak Ryazan was called Trud.\n Torpedo Lipetsk was called Trudoviye Rezervy.\n\nIV Zone\n\nNotes:\n Dinamo Makhachkala was called Temp.\n\nV Zone\n\nVI Zone\n\nNotes:\n Tomich Tomsk was called SibElectroMotor.\n Angara Irkutsk was called Mashinostroitel.\n Baykal Ulan-Ude was called Lokomotiv.\n\nFinal\n [Oct 24 – Nov 5, Krasnodar]\n\nUkraine\n\nFinal\n Chernomorets Odessa 2-1 0-0 SKA Odessa\n\nUnion republics\n\nI Zone\n\nNotes:\n SelMash Liepaja was called Krasny Metallurg.\n\nII Zone\n\nNotes:\n Nairi Yerevan was called Burevestnik.\n Alga Frunze was called Spartak.\n Metallurg Chimkent was called Yenbek.\n Temp Sumgait was called Metallurg.\n Start Tashkent was called Mehnat.\n\nPromotion/Relegation Tournament\n [Oct 25 – Nov 5, Kishinev]\n\nSee also\n Soviet First League\n\nExternal links\n 1961 Soviet Championship and Cup\n 1961 season at rsssf.com\n\n1961\n2\nSoviet\nSoviet", "Port Discovery, Washington is the historical name of what is now called Discovery Bay, a bay in the U.S. state of Washington on the south side of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, on Washington's Olympic Peninsula. It was also called Port Discovery Bay for some time, a name that can be found on maps from the 1940s and earlier. Port Discovery is also the name of a historically significant community that was located on the bay for roughly a hundred years; it disappeared in the late 20th century, with the collapse of the local timber industry.\n\nThe bay\nThe bay was first visited by Europeans in 1790, during the expedition of Manuel Quimper in the Princesa Real, with Juan Carrasco as pilot. They gave it the name Puerto de Quadra, after Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra, their commander at San Blas. In 1791 Francisco de Eliza used Port Discovery as his base of operations for further explorations.\n\nThe name Port Discovery was given by George Vancouver in his 1792 visit to the Strait of Juan de Fuca, and honors his ship the Discovery. Vancouver's landing place was apparently at what was later called Carr Point (also Contractors Point).\n\nPort Discovery was a regular port of call for ships traversing the Pacific until the mid 20th century, and in particular for many U.S. ships involved in World War II, such as , , and . The wreck of War Hawk, a clipper ship which burned and sank in 1883, is a popular dive site in the bay, near Mill Point.\n\nThe community\nIn the 19th century, Port Discovery became an important coastal community, centered on a large sawmill that was established in 1858. The settlement called Port Discovery was located at what now is called Mill Point, on the west shore of the bay, to the east of U.S. Highway 101 at what is now Broders Road. This spot is several miles north of the current settlements at the foot of Discovery Bay.\n\nThe town at Mill Point dwindled after the closing of the sawmill, and vanished after the later collapse of the local timber industry. Only a couple of houses and an old pier remain at the site, which is private property.\n\nUntil around 2008, the prominent remains of another famous sawmill were visible farther down the shore from Mill Point, near what was Maynard, Washington, at the foot of the bay. The romantic, derelict building was adjacent to Highway 101, and was thus seen by every passing motorist; it was one of the most-photographed sites in the area for decades. Many such photos are mislabeled as the Port Discovery mill, although the Maynard mill was built later. By 2010, the building's vestiges were removed, in efforts to restore Discovery Bay salmon and shellfish habitat.\n\nReferences \n\nBays of Washington (state)\nBays of Jefferson County, Washington\nHistory of Washington (state)" ]

[ "ABBA", "1976-1981: Superstardom", "what happened in 1976?", "In March 1976, the band released the compilation album Greatest Hits,", "what was it called?", "Greatest Hits," ]

[ "Merry Legs (1911-1932) was a Tennessee Walking Horse mare who was given foundation registration for her influence as a broodmare. She was also a successful show horse.\n\nLife\nMerry Legs was foaled in April 1911. She was a bay with sabino markings. She was sired by the foundation stallion Black Allan F-1, out of the American Saddlebred mare Nell Dement, registration number F-3, and bred by the early breeder Albert Dement. She was a large mare at maturity, standing high and weighing . Merry Legs was a successful show horse; as a three-year-old, she won the stake class at the Tennessee State Fair. She was also successful as a broodmare, giving birth to 13 foals, among them the well-known Bud Allen, Last Chance, Major Allen, and Merry Boy. For her influence on the breed, she was given the foundation number F-4 when the TWHBEA was formed in 1935. She died in 1932.\n\nReferences\n\nIndividual Tennessee Walking Horses\n1911 animal births\n1932 animal deaths", "The UCI Road World Championships – Men's team time trial was a world championship for road bicycle racing in the discipline of team time trial (TTT). It is organized by the world governing body, the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI).\n\nNational teams (1962–1994)\nA championship for national teams was introduced in 1962 and held until 1994. It was held annually, except that from 1972 onward, the TTT was not held in Olympic years. There were 4 riders per team on a route around 100 kilometres long. Italy is the most successful nation with seven victories.\n\nMedal winners\n\nMedals by nation\n\nMost successful riders\n\nUCI teams (2012–2018)\nThere was a long break until a championship for trade teams was introduced in 2012. There were 6 riders per team. The championship was held up to 2018.\n\nMedal winners\n\nMost successful teams\n\nMost successful riders\n\nReferences \n \n \n\n \nMen's Team Time Trial\nRecurring sporting events established in 1962\nUCI World Tour races\nMen's road bicycle races\nLists of UCI Road World Championships medalists\nRecurring sporting events disestablished in 2018" ]

[ "ABBA", "1976-1981: Superstardom", "what happened in 1976?", "In March 1976, the band released the compilation album Greatest Hits,", "what was it called?", "Greatest Hits,", "was it successful?", "it became their first UK number-one album, and also took ABBA into the Top 50 on the US album charts for the first time," ]

[ "The discography of Pam Tillis, an American country music singer, consists of 13 studio albums and 45 singles. Her first release, Above and Beyond the Doll of Cutey in 1983, did not produce any major hits. Between 1990 and 2001, she recorded for Arista Nashville, achieving two gold albums and three platinum albums. 33 of her singles for Arista, plus a cut for the soundtrack to Happy, Texas, all made the Hot Country Songs in that timespan. Her only number one was \"Mi Vida Loca (My Crazy Life)\", although twelve other songs reached the top 10 on the same chart.\n\nStudio albums\n\n1980s–1990s\n\n2000s–2020s\n\nCompilation albums\n\nSingles\n\n1980s–1990s\n\n2000s–2020s\n\nAs a featured artist\n\nOther album appearances\n\nMusic videos\n\nGuest appearances\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nCountry music discographies\n \n \nDiscographies of American artists", "Swamp Baby was a Canadian rock band, active in the 1990s. They are most noted for collaborating with Michael Turner and Peter J. Moore on the music for the film Hard Core Logo; their song \"Who the Hell Do You Think You Are?\" won the Genie Award for Best Original Song at the 17th Genie Awards in 1996.\n\nThe band members were vocalist Steve Cowal, guitarists Randall Bergs and Ërno Vlasics, bassist Rick Sentence and drummer Jim Mattachione. They released two albums, Swamp Baby (1990) and Rock Heavy Ripple (1995), on the independent label First Stone Productions; Moore was the producer of both albums. Although the band's own music followed a classic rock style that typically saw them compared to Dr. Hook & the Medicine Show, The Black Crowes and The Doors, several of the band's members had prior experience in punk rock bands, leading Moore to ask them to help compose and produce the music for the film. They played all of the film's songs, although lead actor Hugh Dillon performed lead vocals in lieu of Cowal.\n\nThe band did not record or release any further material after the Hard Core Logo soundtrack.\n\nReferences\n\nCanadian rock music groups\nBest Original Song Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners" ]

[ "ABBA", "1976-1981: Superstardom", "what happened in 1976?", "In March 1976, the band released the compilation album Greatest Hits,", "what was it called?", "Greatest Hits,", "was it successful?", "it became their first UK number-one album, and also took ABBA into the Top 50 on the US album charts for the first time,", "did they produce any other music?", "The group's fourth studio album, Arrival, a number-one best-seller in Europe and Australia, represented" ]

[ "40 Dayz & 40 Nightz is the second studio album by American rapper Xzibit. It was released on August 25, 1998 by Loud Records and RCA Records.\n\nThe album featured four singles \"What U See Is What U Get\", \"3 Card Molly\", \"Los Angeles Times\" and \"Pussy Pop\". \"What U See Is What U Get\" earned Xzibit some his highest charting placements in his career.\n\nTrack listing\n\nChart positions\n\nSingles\n\nReferences\n\n1998 albums\nHorrorcore albums\nAlbums produced by Bud'da\nAlbums produced by Soopafly\nXzibit albums\nRCA Records albums\nLoud Records albums", "\"If I Were You\" is a 1995 single written by k.d. lang and Ben Mink and performed by k.d. lang. The single was the first single released from lang's third studio album, All You Can Eat (1995), on 18 September 1995.\n\n\"If I Were You\" reached number 24 on the Canadian RPM Top Singles chart and number four on the RPM Adult Contemporary chart. On the US Billboard charts, the single reached number 15 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 and was lang's second and final number one on the Hot Dance Club Play chart. Overseas, \"If I Were You\" peaked at number 23 in Australia, number 50 in New Zealand, and number 53 in the United Kingdom. Billboard named it lang's sixth-best song.\n\nTrack listings\n\nUS 7-inch and CD single\n \"If I Were You\" – 3:38\n \"Get Some\" – 3:37\n\nEuropean CD single\n \"If I Were You\" – 3:58\n \"Get Some\" – 3:37\n \"What's New Pussycat\" (live) – 2:44\n\nAustralian maxi-single\n \"If I Were You\" (album version)\n \"If I Were You\" (Close to the Groove edit)\n \"If I Were You\" (Smokin' Lounge Mix)\n \"If I Were You\" (Junior's X-Beat Mix)\n \"If I Were You\" (album edit)\n \"What's New Pussycat\" (live)\n\nCharts\n\nWeekly charts\n\nYear-end charts\n\nRelease history\n\nSee also\n List of number-one dance singles of 1996 (U.S.)\n\nReferences\n\n1995 singles\n1995 songs\nK.d. lang songs\nMusic videos directed by Kevin Kerslake\nSongs written by Ben Mink\nSongs written by k.d. lang" ]

[ "ABBA", "1976-1981: Superstardom", "what happened in 1976?", "In March 1976, the band released the compilation album Greatest Hits,", "what was it called?", "Greatest Hits,", "was it successful?", "it became their first UK number-one album, and also took ABBA into the Top 50 on the US album charts for the first time,", "did they produce any other music?", "The group's fourth studio album, Arrival, a number-one best-seller in Europe and Australia, represented", "what were some singles?", "The real sensation was \"Dancing Queen" ]

[ "The discography of Ludacris, an American rapper, consists of eight studio albums, two compilation albums, one extended play (EP), six mixtapes, 89 singles (including 51 as a featured artist) and nine promotional singles. Thirty-five of those singles have charted in the Top 40 of the US Hot 100 chart.\n\nAlbums\n\nStudio albums\n\nIndependent albums\n\nCompilation albums\n\nMixtapes\n\nExtended plays\n\nSingles\n\nAs lead artist\n\nAs featured artist\n\nPromotional singles\n\nOther charted songs\n\nGuest appearances\n\nProduction discography\n\nExplanatory notes \n\nA \"Slap\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 13 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nB \"Jingalin\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 25 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nC \"Pretty Girl\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 3 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nD \"Creepin' (Solo)\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nE \"Break Your Heart\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 21 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nF \"I Like\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 16 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nG \"Down in tha Dirty\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 10 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nH \"Still Standing\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nI \"Wish You Would\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 14 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100. It did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 18 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nJ \"Undisputed\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 12 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nL \"Hey Ho\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 8 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nM \"Ho\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 3 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nN \"Stomp\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 10 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nO \"In da Club\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 7 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nP \"Ludacrismas\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 4 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nQ \"Grown Woman\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 19 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nR \"Born an OG\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 17 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nS \"Everybody Drunk\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 12 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nT \"Atlanta Zoo\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 15 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nU \"She Don't Know\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 7 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nV \"Tongues\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 11 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nW \"Rich & Flexin did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 22 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\n\nX \"Call Ya Bluff did not enter the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\n\nReferences \n\nHip hop discographies\nDiscographies of American artists\nDiscography", "The discography of American rapper, singer, record producer and songwriter Missy Elliott consists of six studio albums, three compilation albums, one extended play, seventy-four singles (including forty-four as a featured performer) and twenty solo music videos.\n\nAlbums\n\nStudio albums\n\nCompilation albums\n\nBox sets\n\nExtended plays\n\nSingles\n\nAs lead artist\n\nAs featured artist\n\nPromotional singles\n\nOther charted songs\n\nGuest appearances\n\nMusic videos\n\nNotes \n\nA Two single versions of \"All n My Grill\" were released: the first features MC Solaar, and the second features Big Boi.\nB \"Ya Di Ya\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 24 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nC \"Turn da Lights Off\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 8 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nD \"Bad Girl\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 10 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nE \"Whatcha Think About That\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 8 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nF \"Funky Fresh Dressed\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 8 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nG \"(When Kim Say) Can You Hear Me Now?\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 1 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nH \"Wake Up\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 20 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nI \"Wake Up Everybody\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 19 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nJ \"Where Could He Be\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 20 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nK \"On and On\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 9 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nL \"All Night Long\" did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, but peaked at number 24 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot 100.\nM \"Ching-a-Ling\" did not enter the Ultratop 50, but peaked at number 20 on the Flemish Ultratip chart.\nN \"WTF (Where They From)\" did not enter the Ultratop 50, but peaked at number 15 on the Flemish Ultratip chart.\nO \"Burnitup!\" did not enter the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but peaked at number 3 on the Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart, which acts as a 25-song extension to the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nP \"Burnitup!\" did not enter the Ultratop 50, but peaked at number 68 on the Flemish Ultratip chart.\n\nNotes\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nHip hop discographies\nDiscographies of American artists\nDiscography" ]

[ "ABBA", "1976-1981: Superstardom", "what happened in 1976?", "In March 1976, the band released the compilation album Greatest Hits,", "what was it called?", "Greatest Hits,", "was it successful?", "it became their first UK number-one album, and also took ABBA into the Top 50 on the US album charts for the first time,", "did they produce any other music?", "The group's fourth studio album, Arrival, a number-one best-seller in Europe and Australia, represented", "what were some singles?", "The real sensation was \"Dancing Queen", "did that song chart?", "topping the charts in loyal markets the UK, Germany and Australia, but also reaching number-one in the United States." ]

[ "The Jonas Brothers World Tour 2009 was the sixth concert tour and third headlining tour by the Jonas Brothers. It began on May 18, 2009 in Lima, Peru and ended on December 13, 2009 in San Juan, Puerto Rico. The Jonas Brothers played on multiple continents around the world. Honor Society and Wonder Girls served as the opening acts, with Jordin Sparks as a special guest. The tour coincided with the release of their fourth studio album Lines, Vines and Trying Times which was released on June 16, 2009. The tour won the Eventful Fans' Choice Award at the 2009 Billboard Touring Awards and became the 6th highest selling tour in 2009 after The Circus Tour, the I Am... Tour, the Sticky & Sweet Tour, the U2 360° Tour and the Wonder World Tour.\n\nStage\n\nThe stage was set up as an in-the-round at the center of the venue measuring 144-feet-wide to allow for better audience viewing. It incorporated many features such as a one of a kind large circular water screen, a giant crane that extends over the audience, laser and automated video effects and a double Lazy Susan at the center stage, consisting of one in the center and an outer one as a ring around the other. It was designed similar to Britney Spears' Circus Tour. The tour used this stage for all of its legs except for the Caribbean and the South America legs of the tour, where they then decided to use a normal stage with catwalk instead.\n\nSupport\nDemi Lovato supported them in Europe and also in all their Latin America tour dates.\n\nBritish girl group Girls Can't Catch performed in United Kingdom tour dates.\n\nThe Wonder Girls, a South Korean girl group, joined the Jonas Brothers in various North American tour dates. Although, on July 1, it was announced that the Jonas Brothers and their management asked the Wonder Girls to open for their entire tour.\n\nAlso new pop singer Jessie James was added as a guest on tour. She served as a host for the concerts in June introducing each act and performing her single Wanted. She performed in all of the shows in June, 2009. She however did not perform at the Portland, Oregon concert.\n\nJordin Sparks did not appear at the San Antonio or Nashville shows because of throat problems, which couldn't let her sing. She did not appear at the New Orleans show because she was attending her boyfriend's funeral.\n\nValerius (Opening Act, the Netherlands, Belgium, Ireland and France)\nBanda Cine (Opening Act at Brazil)\nBocatabú (Opening Act at Dominican Republic)\nThe Dolly Rockers\nMarilanne (Venezuela)\nMargarita Perez (Panama)\nTuxido (North America Part 2 and Mexico)\nDemi Lovato (South America, Europe, surprise guest at Toronto)\nEverlife (Special Guests at Nashville)\nHonor Society (North America)\nJessie James (select dates in North America)\nJordin Sparks (North America, Mexico)\nMcFly (Surprise Guests at London)\nMiley Cyrus (Surprise Guest at Dallas)\nWonder Girls (North America)\nGirls Can't Catch (United Kingdom)\nJacopo Sarno (Opening Act at Italy)\nJoy Mendy (Surprise guest at London)\n\nSupport acts setlists\n\nJonas Brothers setlists\n\nTour dates\n\nCancelled shows\n\nReferences\n\nNotes\n\nCitations\n\n2009 concert tours\nJonas Brothers concert tours", "Japanese boy band Kanjani Eight have gone on a total of nine concert tours, all domestic, and several shows. In 2006, they went on their first tour F.T.O.N: Funky Tokyo Osaka Nagoya, at the three major cities the concert tour was named after. Upon the success of the initial tour, it was expanded into a national tour in the fall of that same year, performing at a total of 11 cities and 26 performances. Winter of that same year, Kanjani Eight performed a national promo tour for the release of their single \"Kan Fu Fighting\". performing at a total of six cities and performing twenty six times.\n\nIn 2007, Kanjani Eight begun their biggest national tour to date, the \"Eh?! Honma?! Bikkuri!! Tour\". The concert tour began in the spring of 2007 and ended in the fall of that same year, totaling at 113 performances in all 47 prefectures of Japan. The concert tour also marked the first time in which a signed Johnny's talent performed in every prefecture of Japan in a single tour. After the success of that tour in 2008, Kanjani Eight performed two national tours between May and August performing at a total fourteen cities and over fifty performances.\n\nKanjani Eight released Puzzle in 2009 and the national tour Puzzle in the summer of that year. Following up that tour in the winter of 2009, they returned to the Kyocera Dome and performed their first Countdown Live concert series. In the winter of 2010, Kanjani Eight performed their 8 Uppers concert tour, which also contained their second Countdown Live. In 2011, Kanjani Eight performed their winter tour which consisted five cities for a total of ten performances. This tour also contained their third countdown live. In 2012, Kanjani Eight performed their 8EST concert tour, which was a total of 40 performances. This tour is noted for the fact that they performed at their first stadium and for that it did not include a countdown live.\n\nConcert Tours\n\nOther performances\n\nReferences\n\nConcerts\nKanjani Eight" ]

[ "ABBA", "1976-1981: Superstardom", "what happened in 1976?", "In March 1976, the band released the compilation album Greatest Hits,", "what was it called?", "Greatest Hits,", "was it successful?", "it became their first UK number-one album, and also took ABBA into the Top 50 on the US album charts for the first time,", "did they produce any other music?", "The group's fourth studio album, Arrival, a number-one best-seller in Europe and Australia, represented", "what were some singles?", "The real sensation was \"Dancing Queen", "did that song chart?", "topping the charts in loyal markets the UK, Germany and Australia, but also reaching number-one in the United States.", "did they tour at all?", "I don't know." ]

[ "Přírodní park Třebíčsko (before Oblast klidu Třebíčsko) is a natural park near Třebíč in the Czech Republic. There are many interesting plants. The park was founded in 1983.\n\nKobylinec and Ptáčovský kopeček\n\nKobylinec is a natural monument situated ca 0,5 km from the village of Trnava.\nThe area of this monument is 0,44 ha. Pulsatilla grandis can be found here and in the Ptáčovský kopeček park near Ptáčov near Třebíč. Both monuments are very popular for tourists.\n\nPonds\n\nIn the natural park there are some interesting ponds such as Velký Bor, Malý Bor, Buršík near Přeckov and a brook Březinka. Dams on the brook are examples of European beaver activity.\n\nSyenitové skály near Pocoucov\n\nSyenitové skály (rocks of syenit) near Pocoucov is one of famed locations. There are interesting granite boulders. The area of the reservation is 0,77 ha.\n\nExternal links\nParts of this article or all article was translated from Czech. The original article is :cs:Přírodní park Třebíčsko.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nNature near the village Trnava which is there\n\nTřebíč\nParks in the Czech Republic\nTourist attractions in the Vysočina Region", "Damn Interesting is an independent website founded by Alan Bellows in 2005. The website presents true stories from science, history, and psychology, primarily as long-form articles, often illustrated with original artwork. Works are written by various authors, and published at irregular intervals. The website openly rejects advertising, relying on reader and listener donations to cover operating costs.\n\nAs of October 2012, each article is also published as a podcast under the same name. In November 2019, a second podcast was launched under the title Damn Interesting Week, featuring unscripted commentary on an assortment of news articles featured on the website's \"Curated Links\" section that week. In mid-2020, a third podcast called Damn Interesting Curio Cabinet began highlighting the website's periodic short-form articles in the same radioplay format as the original podcast.\n\nIn July 2009, Damn Interesting published the print book Alien Hand Syndrome through Workman Publishing. It contains some favorites from the site and some exclusive content.\n\nAwards and recognition \nIn August 2007, PC Magazine named Damn Interesting one of the \"Top 100 Undiscovered Web Sites\".\nThe article \"The Zero-Armed Bandit\" by Alan Bellows won a 2015 Sidney Award from David Brooks in The New York Times.\nThe article \"Ghoulish Acts and Dastardly Deeds\" by Alan Bellows was cited as \"nonfiction journalism from 2017 that will stand the test of time\" by Conor Friedersdorf in The Atlantic.\nThe article \"Dupes and Duplicity\" by Jennifer Lee Noonan won a 2020 Sidney Award from David Brooks in the New York Times.\n\nAccusing The Dollop of plagiarism \n\nOn July 9, 2015, Bellows posted an open letter accusing The Dollop, a comedy podcast about history, of plagiarism due to their repeated use of verbatim text from Damn Interesting articles without permission or attribution. Dave Anthony, the writer of The Dollop, responded on reddit, admitting to using Damn Interesting content, but claiming that the use was protected by fair use, and that \"historical facts are not copyrightable.\" In an article about the controversy on Plagiarism Today, Jonathan Bailey concluded, \"Any way one looks at it, The Dollop failed its ethical obligations to all of the people, not just those writing for Damn Interesting, who put in the time, energy and expertise into writing the original content upon which their show is based.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links \n Official website\n\n2005 podcast debuts" ]

[ "ABBA", "1976-1981: Superstardom", "what happened in 1976?", "In March 1976, the band released the compilation album Greatest Hits,", "what was it called?", "Greatest Hits,", "was it successful?", "it became their first UK number-one album, and also took ABBA into the Top 50 on the US album charts for the first time,", "did they produce any other music?", "The group's fourth studio album, Arrival, a number-one best-seller in Europe and Australia, represented", "what were some singles?", "The real sensation was \"Dancing Queen", "did that song chart?", "topping the charts in loyal markets the UK, Germany and Australia, but also reaching number-one in the United States.", "did they tour at all?", "I don't know.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "The band's popularity in the United States would remain on a comparatively smaller scale," ]

[ "Forbes's snipe (Coenocorypha chathamica), was a species of New Zealand snipe endemic to the Chatham Islands. It was the larger of two species found there, the smaller being the surviving Chatham snipe. It was never seen alive by scientists and is known only from fossil material collected on the islands. Why it became extinct while its smaller relative survived is a mystery, as is the exact timing of its extinction, although it may have survived, unnoticed, until the 15th century.\n\nReferences\nTennyson, A. & Martinson, P. (2006) Extinct Birds of New Zealand Te Papa Press,Wellington \nWorthy, Trevor H., & Holdaway, Richard N. (2002) The Lost World of the Moa, Indiana University Press:Bloomington,\n\nExternal links\nForbes' snipe. Coenocorypha chathamica. by Paul Martinson. Artwork produced for the book Extinct Birds of New Zealand, by Alan Tennyson, Te Papa Press, Wellington, 2006\n\nForbes's snipe\nBirds of the Chatham Islands\nExtinct birds of New Zealand\nBird extinctions since 1500\nLate Quaternary prehistoric birds\nForbes's snipe\nTaxa named by Henry Ogg Forbes", "Malcolm Ivan Waite (May 7, 1892 – April 25, 1949) was an American film actor.\n\nBiography\nMalcolm Waite appeared in 31 films between 1923 and 1942, most notably as the oily \"ladies' man\" Jack in Charlie Chaplin's film classic The Gold Rush; he also appeared in an early Laurel and Hardy comedy, Why Girls Love Sailors. Waite was primarily a dramatic actor, who made only occasional forays into comedy. He was known as The Millionaires Extra, because he lived in the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles and was reportedly a member of the high society in New York, London and Paris. He was also an amateur heavyweight boxer. Waite had some good supporting roles in the silent era, but with the beginning of sound films his roles got smaller and he was often uncredited. The actor made his last film in 1942.\n\nFilmography\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n1892 births\n1949 deaths\nAmerican male film actors\nMale actors from Michigan\n20th-century American male actors" ]

[ "Feeder (band)", "Return and All Bright Electric, The Best of Feeder and Arrow (2016-present)" ]

[ "El inocente (\"The Innocent\") is a 1956 Mexican film. It was written by Luis Alcoriza. After a quarrel with her boyfriend on New Year's Eve, Mane (Pinal) drives her car from Mexico City to \nCuernavaca to meet her parents in their country house. The car breaks down in the highway and Mane has to ask for help. Mechanic Cruci (Infante) arrives and, after testing the car, offers Mane a ride on his motorcycle. Back in Mane's house, she invites him some drinks to celebrate New Year's Eve. They get drunk and, the morning after, Mane's parents arrive and find them sleeping together. Not knowing what happened, Mane and Cruci are forced to get married against their will.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\n1956 films\nMexican films\nSpanish-language films", "After Sex is a 2001 American comedy-drama film directed by Cameron Thor and starring Dan Cortese, Virginia Madsen and Brooke Shields.\n\nPlot\nA group of attractive women get together for a weekend of bonding, hoping to relax and get away from the anxiety of their boyfriends. The women travel out of town, which leads them to picking up men of questionable integrity. The next problem is what they will tell their boyfriends when they get back home.\n\nCast\n Dan Cortese as John\n Virginia Madsen as Traci\n Brooke Shields as Kate\n Maria Pitillo as Vicki\n Johnathon Schaech as Matt\n D. B. Sweeney as Tony\n\nReception\nNathan Rabin at The A.V. Club calls the film \"a surprisingly glum comedic drama about three couples forced to rethink their commitment to each other after the women enjoy a bonding weekend that degenerates into relationship-threatening debauchery.\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n \n \n\n2001 films\n2001 comedy-drama films\n2000s English-language films\nAmerican comedy-drama films\nAmerican films" ]

[ "Feeder (band)", "Return and All Bright Electric, The Best of Feeder and Arrow (2016-present)", "What made them get back together?", "I don't know." ]

[ "Bryan & Katie Torwalt are an American Christian music husband and wife duo from Sacramento, California who started their music recording careers in 2006. The first album, Here On Earth, was released in 2011 by Jesus Culture Music alongside Kingsway Music. It became their Billboard magazine breakthrough release. Their second album, Kingdom Come, was released by the aforementioned labels in 2013, and performed even better on the Billboard magazine charts. They released a self-titled album in 2015, Bryan & Katie Torwalt, again with the two labels mentioned earlier, although this album did not place on any Billboard magazine charts.\n\nBackground\nThe duo met for the first-time at a Bethel Ministry event in Redding, California in 2006, and they started dating, eventually getting married in 2009.\n\nMusic history\nThe husband and wife duo commenced their recording careers in 2011 with the album Here On Earth, released on September 13, 2011 by Jesus Culture Music in association with Kingsway Music. This album was their breakthrough release on the Billboard magazine charts, where it placed at No. 24 on the Christian Albums chart and No. 24 on the Heatseekers Albums chart. Their second release, Kingdom Come, was released by Jesus Culture Music alongside Kingsway Music on October 15, 2013. The album placed even better on the Billboard magazine charts, reaching No. 43 on The Billboard 200 as well as No. 3 on the Christian Albums chart and No. 5 on the Independent Albums chart. They released Bryan & Katie Torwalt with Jesus Culture Music and Kingsway Music on April 7, 2015, although this album did not place on any Billboard magazine charts.\n\nMembers\n Bryan James Torwalt (born June 14, 1985 in Canada)\n Katelin Michelle \"Katie\" Torwalt (née Horn) (born August 14, 1988 in Sonoma County, California)\n Daniel Owen Wible (born August 3, 1988 in Waco, Texas)\n Chason Tyler Ford (born June 30, 1993 in Honolulu, HI)\n\nDiscography\n\nAlbums\n\nEPs\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Cross Rhythms artist profile\n\nAmerican musical duos\nMusical groups established in 2006\nMusical groups from Sacramento, California\n2006 establishments in California", "Silver Series: Donna is the third compilation album by Filipino singer Donna Cruz, released in the Philippines in 2006 by Viva Records. The compilation album was a part of the Silver Series collection which celebrated the twenty five years of VIVA Entertainment Group in the local entertainment industry.\n\nBackground\nSimilar to Donna Cruz Sings Her Greatest Hits, Silver Series: Donna did not include any newly recorded material nor any promotion from Cruz. Tracks from all Cruz's studio albums except for Kurot Sa Puso and Merry Christmas Donna were included in this release.\n\nTrack listing\n\nReferences\n\n2006 compilation albums\nViva Records (Philippines) compilation albums\nDonna Cruz albums" ]

[ "Feeder (band)", "Return and All Bright Electric, The Best of Feeder and Arrow (2016-present)", "What made them get back together?", "I don't know.", "Did they release any albums in 2016?", "The album was released on October 7, 2016." ]

[ "Maria Arredondo is the first album by Norwegian singer Maria Arredondo, released in Norway on March 17, 2003, with a second edition released on June 30, 2003. The album was the most successful album by Arredondo either in critics or sales. It has 12 songs with the second edition and 5 singles were released. One of the singles, \"In Love With An Angel\", a duet with Christian Ingebrigtsen, was nominated for the 2003 Norwegian Grammy Awards as 'Song Of The Year'.\n\nHistory \nAfter two years recording the songs, Arredondo signed with Universal Music Norway. The album entered the Norwegian Top 40 and Norwegian Topp 30 Norsk at #2 and spent 23 weeks on the charts. It was recorded in Sweden and Norway, and was produced by several well-known Scandinavian producers such as Jonas von Der Burg, Espen Lind, Bluefish, Jonny Sjo, Harry Sommerdahl and Bjørn Erik Pedersen. Several successful songwriters also contributed, including Christian Ingebrigtsen, Jonas von Der Burg, Silje Nergaard, Espen Lind and Harry Sommerdahl. The first single released was \"Can Let Go\". The second single, \"Just A Little Heartache\" was very successful in the radio charts. \"In Love With An Angel\" was the third single and became the first and only #1 single for Arredondo.\n\nThe album was re-released with a new song, \"Hardly Hurts At All\", which was released as a single. The last single from the album was \"A Thousand Nights\". The album went platinum and sold more than 70,000 copies.\n\nTrack listing\n\nCharts\n\nAlbum\n\nSingles\n\nReferences \n\n2003 debut albums\nMaria Arredondo albums\nUniversal Music Norway albums", "Black and White is the second studio album and major label debut by British hip hop recording artist Wretch 32. The album was released in the United Kingdom on 21 August 2011 through Ministry of Sound, debuting at number four on the UK Albums Chart with first week sales of nearly 25,000 copies. The album follows his independent debut album, Wretchrospective, which was released three years earlier, in 2008. The album spawned six singles over the course of eighteen months, all of which peaked inside the UK top 50, including three top five singles, and a number one single, \"Don't Go\". The album includes collaborations with Ed Sheeran, Daley, Etta Bond and Example.\n\nSingles\n \"Traktor\" was released as the first single released from the album on 16 January 2011. It peaked at number five on the UK Singles Chart, becoming the third most successful single from the album. The track features vocals from L Marshall and was produced by Yogi.\n \"Unorthodox\" was released as the second single from the album on 17 April 2011. It peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart, becoming the second most successful single from the album. The track features vocals from Example.\n \"Don't Go\" was released as the third single from the album on 14 August 2011. It peaked at number one on the UK Singles Chart, becoming the album's most successful single. The track features vocals from upcoming musician and songwriter Josh Kumra.\n \"Forgiveness\" was released as the fourth single from the album on 11 December 2011. It peaked at number 39 on the UK Singles Chart, becoming the least successful single from the album. The track features vocals from Etta Bond, and was produced by Labrinth.\n \"Long Way Home\" was released as a single from the album on 14 February 2012, in promotion of the track's featuring artist, Daley. It was ineligible to chart on the UK Singles Chart, and was simply released in the form of a promotional music video.\n \"Hush Little Baby\" was released as the fifth and final single from the album on 27 May 2012. It peaked at number 35 on the UK Singles Chart, due to little promotion. The track features vocals from singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran.\n\nTrack listing \n\nNotes\n \"Forgiveness\" features uncredited vocals from Labrinth.\n\nSample credits\n \"Black and White\" samples \"Different Strokes\" by Syl Johnson\n \"Unorthodox\" samples \"Fools Gold\" by The Stone Roses.\n \"Hush Little Baby\" adapts lyrics from the lullaby \"Hush, Little Baby\".\n\nCharts\n\nRelease history\n\nReferences\n\n2011 albums\nWretch 32 albums\nMinistry of Sound albums\nAlbums produced by Labrinth" ]

[ "Feeder (band)", "Return and All Bright Electric, The Best of Feeder and Arrow (2016-present)", "What made them get back together?", "I don't know.", "Did they release any albums in 2016?", "The album was released on October 7, 2016.", "Was the album successful?", "All Bright Electric seen Feeder return to the top 10 of the album charts after an eight-year absence," ]

[ "Andrew Butterfield (born 7 January 1972) is an English professional golfer who plays on the Challenge Tour.\n\nCareer\nButterfield was born in London, England. He turned professional in 1993 and joined the Challenge Tour in 1996. He played on the Challenge Tour until qualifying for the European Tour through Q-School in 1999. Butterfield did not perform well enough on tour in 2000 to retain his card and had to go back to the Challenge Tour in 2001. He got his European Tour card back through Q-School again in 2001 and played on the European Tour in 2002 but did not find any success on tour. He returned to the Challenge Tour and played there until 2005 when he finished 4th on the Challenge Tour's Order of Merit which earned him his European Tour card for 2006. He did not play well enough in 2006 to retain his tour card but was able to get temporary status on tour for 2007 by finishing 129th on the Order of Merit. He played on the European Tour and the Challenge Tour in 2007 and has played only on the Challenge Tour since 2008. He picked up his first win on the Challenge Tour in Sweden at The Princess in June 2009. He also won an event on the PGA EuroPro Tour in 2004.\n\nProfessional wins (2)\n\nChallenge Tour wins (1)\n\nChallenge Tour playoff record (0–1)\n\nPGA EuroPro Tour wins (1)\n2004 Matchroom Golf Management International at Owston Hall\n\nPlayoff record\nEuropean Tour playoff record (0–1)\n\nResults in major championships\n\nNote: Butterfield only played in The Open Championship.\nCUT = missed the half-way cut\n\nSee also\n2005 Challenge Tour graduates\n2009 Challenge Tour graduates\n\nExternal links\n\nEnglish male golfers\nEuropean Tour golfers\nSportspeople from London\nPeople from the London Borough of Bromley\n1972 births\nLiving people", "The Bob Dylan England Tour 1965 was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan during late April and early May 1965. The tour was widely documented by filmmaker D. A. Pennebaker, who used the footage of the tour in his documentary Dont Look Back.\n\nTour dates\n\nSet lists \nAs Dylan was still playing exclusively folk music live, much of the material performed during this tour was written pre-1965. Each show was divided into two halves, with seven songs performed during the first, and eight during the second. The set consisted of two songs from The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan, three from The Times They Are a-Changin', three from Another Side of Bob Dylan, a comic-relief concert staple; \"If You Gotta Go, Go Now\", issued as a single in Europe, and six songs off his then-recent album, Bringing It All Back Home, including the second side in its entirety.\n\n First half\n\"The Times They Are a-Changin'\"\n\"To Ramona\"\n\"Gates of Eden\"\n\"If You Gotta Go, Go Now (or Else You Got to Stay All Night)\"\n\"It's Alright, Ma (I'm Only Bleeding)\"\n\"Love Minus Zero/No Limit\"\n\"Mr. Tambourine Man\"\n\nSecond Half\n\"Talkin' World War III Blues\"\n\"Don't Think Twice, It's All Right\"\n\"With God on Our Side\"\n\"She Belongs to Me\"\n\"It Ain't Me Babe\"\n\"The Lonesome Death of Hattie Carroll\"\n\"All I Really Want to Do\"\n\"It's All Over Now, Baby Blue\"\n\nSet list per Olof Bjorner.\n\nAftermath \nJoan Baez accompanied him on the tour, but she was never invited to play with him in concert. In fact, they did not tour together again until 1975. After this tour, Dylan was hailed as a hero of folk music, but two months later, at the 1965 Newport Folk Festival, he would alienate his fans and go electric. Dylan was the only artist apart from the Beatles to sell out the De Montfort Hall in the 1960s. Even the Rolling Stones did not sell out this venue.\n\nReferences \n\nHoward Sounes: Down the Highway. The Life of Bob Dylan.. 2001.\n\nExternal links \n Bjorner's Still on the Road 1965: Tour dates & set lists\n\nBob Dylan concert tours\n1965 concert tours\nConcert tours of the United Kingdom\n1965 in England" ]

[ "Feeder (band)", "Return and All Bright Electric, The Best of Feeder and Arrow (2016-present)", "What made them get back together?", "I don't know.", "Did they release any albums in 2016?", "The album was released on October 7, 2016.", "Was the album successful?", "All Bright Electric seen Feeder return to the top 10 of the album charts after an eight-year absence,", "Did they go on tour?", "After the band completed their UK tour between September and October 2016," ]

[ "The Singles: 1996–2006 is a compilation album by the American rock band Staind, which was released through their current record label Atlantic Records in the UK on November 13, 2006, and in the US on November 14, 2006. A companion DVD, called Staind: The Videos, was released on the same date.\n\nTrack listing\n\nBonus Tracks\n\nNotes\n \"Suffocate\" did not make it on the tracklist.\n \"Just Go\" did not make it on the tracklist.\n \"Outside (Album Version)\" did not make it on the tracklist. \n \"Fade\" did not make it on the tracklist. \n \"How About You\" did not make it on the tracklist.\n \"King of All Excuses\" did not make it on the tracklist.\n \"Schizophrenic Conversations\" did not make it on the tracklist.\n \"Sober (Live from Hiro Ballroom)\" has slightly different lyrics than Tool in the chorus.\n\nReferences\n\nStaind compilation albums\n2006 compilation albums\nFlip Records (1994) albums", "And More is the third and final studio album from Australian rock band, X. The album was released on the Mushroom Records alternative subsidiary White Label. The album contains a re-recordings of the band's early songs \"Home Is Where the Floor Is\" and \"I Don't Wanna Go Out\" with a new studio recording of the live favourite \"El Salvador\". At the time, Mushroom Records did little to promote the album and it is rumoured that the band trashed the offices of Mushroom Records because of lack of support for the band. The band was later dropped from the label and as of 2010, the album is currently unavailable in any format.\n\nTrack listing\n \"Home Is Where the Floor Is\" (re-recording)\n \"I Don't Wanna Go Out (re-recording)\n \"Dream Baby\"\n \"And More\"\n \"Getting Wet\"\n \"Criticize\"\n \"Sad Days Girl\"\n \"El Salvador\"\n \"You Say You Love Me\"\n \"Here's Looking at You\"\n\nReferences\nThe Devils Rumble\n\n1988 albums\nX (Australian band) albums\nMushroom Records albums" ]

[ "Feeder (band)", "Return and All Bright Electric, The Best of Feeder and Arrow (2016-present)", "What made them get back together?", "I don't know.", "Did they release any albums in 2016?", "The album was released on October 7, 2016.", "Was the album successful?", "All Bright Electric seen Feeder return to the top 10 of the album charts after an eight-year absence,", "Did they go on tour?", "After the band completed their UK tour between September and October 2016,", "Did the band make any more albums?", "July 2017, the band announced the compilation The Best of Feeder," ]

[ "Přírodní park Třebíčsko (before Oblast klidu Třebíčsko) is a natural park near Třebíč in the Czech Republic. There are many interesting plants. The park was founded in 1983.\n\nKobylinec and Ptáčovský kopeček\n\nKobylinec is a natural monument situated ca 0,5 km from the village of Trnava.\nThe area of this monument is 0,44 ha. Pulsatilla grandis can be found here and in the Ptáčovský kopeček park near Ptáčov near Třebíč. Both monuments are very popular for tourists.\n\nPonds\n\nIn the natural park there are some interesting ponds such as Velký Bor, Malý Bor, Buršík near Přeckov and a brook Březinka. Dams on the brook are examples of European beaver activity.\n\nSyenitové skály near Pocoucov\n\nSyenitové skály (rocks of syenit) near Pocoucov is one of famed locations. There are interesting granite boulders. The area of the reservation is 0,77 ha.\n\nExternal links\nParts of this article or all article was translated from Czech. The original article is :cs:Přírodní park Třebíčsko.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nNature near the village Trnava which is there\n\nTřebíč\nParks in the Czech Republic\nTourist attractions in the Vysočina Region", "\"How Interesting: A Tiny Man\" is a 2010 science fiction/magical realism short story by American writer Harlan Ellison. It was first published in Realms of Fantasy.\n\nPlot summary\nA scientist creates a tiny man. The tiny man is initially very popular, but then draws the hatred of the world, and so the tiny man must flee, together with the scientist (who is now likewise hated, for having created the tiny man).\n\nReception\n\"How Interesting: A Tiny Man\" won the 2010 Nebula Award for Best Short Story, tied with Kij Johnson's \"Ponies\". It was Ellison's final Nebula nomination and win, of his record-setting eight nominations and three wins.\n\nTor.com calls the story \"deceptively simple\", with \"execution (that) is flawless\" and a \"Geppetto-like\" narrator, while Publishers Weekly describes it as \"memorably depict(ing) humanity's smallness of spirit\". The SF Site, however, felt it was \"contrived and less than profound\".\n\nNick Mamatas compared \"How Interesting: A Tiny Man\" negatively to Ellison's other Nebula-winning short stories, and stated that the story's two mutually exclusive endings (in one, the tiny man is killed; in the other, he becomes God) are evocative of the process of writing short stories. Ben Peek considered it to be \"more allegory than (...) anything else\", and interpreted it as being about how the media \"give(s) everyone a voice\", and also about how Ellison was treated by science fiction fandom.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nAudio version of ''How Interesting: A Tiny Man, at StarShipSofa\nHow Interesting: A Tiny Man, at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database\n\nNebula Award for Best Short Story-winning works\nShort stories by Harlan Ellison" ]

[ "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "General elections" ]

[ "Direct presidential elections are held in Brazil as part of the general elections every four years (which has been regular since 1994), typically in October. The current electoral law provides for a two-round system in which a candidate must receive more than 50% of the vote to win in the first round; if no candidate passes the 50% threshold, a run-off is held between the top two candidates. Every candidate has a running mate who disputes the post of vice-president; prior to 1966, the vice-president was elected separately.\n\nThe country has held presidential elections since 1891, spanning over a period of several different republican governments and national constitutions.\n\nThis list shows the winner of the elections and the runner-up.\n\nOld Republic\nPresidentialism was introduced in Brazil after the Proclamation of the Republic in 1889, and the first election was held in 1891. According to the 1891 Constitution, the right to vote was restricted to men over 21 years old who were not illiterate, homeless or enlisted-rank soldiers. The elections for president and vice-president were held separately and the same person could be a candidate for both.\n\nOverall, only a small portion of the population voted. Since coronelism was common, the colonel elites often persuaded people to vote for certain candidates.\n\n1891\nThe very first president was elected indirectly by the Congress.\n\nOther candidates: Floriano Peixoto, Saldanha Marinho, José Higino Duarte Pereira\n\n1894\nFrom 1894 on, elections were held every four years.\n\nOther candidates: José Cesário de Faria Alvim, Ruy Barbosa, José Luiz de Almeida Couto, Lauro Sodré\n\n1898\n\nOther candidates: Júlio de Castilhos, Dionísio Evangelista de Castro Cerqueira\n\n1902\n\nOther candidates: Ubaldino Fontoura, Júlio de Castilhos\n\n1906\n\nOther candidates: Ruy Barbosa, Manuel Ferraz de Campos Salles, Severino dos Santos Vieira, others\n\n1910\n\nOther candidates: Venceslau Brás\n\n1914\n\nOther candidates: José Gomes Pinheiro Machado\n\n1918\n\nOther candidates: Ruy Barbosa\n\n1919\nSince Rodrigues Alves, the President-elect, caught the Spanish flu before taking office, a new election was held in 1919.\n\nOther candidates: Altino Arantes Marques\n\n1922\n\nOther candidates: Urbano Santos\n\n1926 \n\nOther candidates: Fernando de Melo Viana\n\n1930\n\nOther candidates: Minervino de Oliveira\n\nVargas Era\nWith the Revolution of 1930, the country was governed until 1930 by a military triumvirate, while Getúlio Vargas was the de facto president (officially President of the Provisional Government). The new Constitution predicted that the first president would be chosen by the Congress in an indirect election.\n\n1934\n\nOther candidates: Pedro Aurélio de Góis Monteiro, Protógenes Guimarães, Raul Fernandes, Artur Bernardes, Plínio Salgado, Antônio Carlos Ribeiro de Andrada, Afrânio de Melo Franco, Oscar Weinscheck, Paim Filho, Levi Carneiro\t\n\nA second election was scheduled for 1938, but it did not happen due to the 1937 Revolution, under which another Constitution was written.\n\nSecond Republic\nAfter Vargas was forced to resign in 1945, a new state was born under a democratic constitution written in 1946. The new law predicted direct elections every 5 years for both president and vice-president and women could now vote.\n\n1945\n\nOther candidates: Yedo Fiúza (PCB), Rolim Teles (PNA)\n\n1950\n\nOther candidates: Cristiano Machado (PSD), João Mangabeira (PSB)\n\n1955\n\nOther candidates: Adhemar de Barros (PSP), Plínio Salgado (PRP)\n\n1960\n\nOther candidates: Adhemar de Barros (PSP)\n\nMilitary rule\nWith the 1964 military coup d'état, the direct democracy ended and presidents (who were all members of military, except for the last one) were now elected by the Congress. The interval between elections was irregular.\n\n1964\n\n1966\n\nWith the two-party system, only ARENA and MDB could dispute elections. President and vice-president were now part of the same ticket. The 1966 and 1969 elections had only one candidate.\n\n1969\n\nFirst election under the 1967 Constitution.\n\n1974\n\n1978\n\n1985\nThe two-party system ended in 1979 and many other parties were created. This was the last election under the military regime.\n\nNew Republic\nUnder the current Constitution enacted in October 1988, elections are held every four years (except for the first one, which was held five years before the second to match the centenary of the Proclamation of the Republic) and citizens elect a ticket for both president and vice-president. Voting is mandatory for men and women between 18 and 70 years old who are not illiterate, and optional for people aged 16–17, over 70, and illiterates.\n\n1989\n\nOther candidates: Leonel Brizola (PDT), Mário Covas (PSDB), Paulo Maluf (PDS), Guilherme Afif Domingos (PL), Ulysses Guimarães (PMDB), Roberto Freire (PCB), Aureliano Chaves (PFL), Ronaldo Caiado (PSD), Affonso Camargo Neto (PTB), Enéas Carneiro (PRONA), Fernando Gabeira (PV), Celso Brant (PMN), Antônio dos Santos Pereira (PP), Manoel de Oliveira Horta (PDCdoB), Marronzinho (PSB), Paulo Gontijo (PP), Zamir José Teixeira (PCN), Lívia Maria de Abreu (PN), Eudes Oliveira Mattar (PLP)\n\n1994\n\nOther candidates: Enéas Carneiro (PRONA), Orestes Quércia (PMDB), Leonel Brizola (PDT), Espiridão Amin (PPR), Carlos Antônio Gomes (PRN), Hernani Fortuna (PSC)\n\n1998\n\nOther candidates: Ciro Gomes (PPS), Enéas Carneiro (PRONA), José Maria Eymael (PSDC), José Maria de Almeida (PSTU), Alfredo Sirkis (PV), Sergio Bueno (PSC), Thereza Ruiz (PTN), João de Deus Barbosa de Jesus (PTdoB), Vasco Azevedo Neto (PSN), Ivan Frota (PMN)\n\n2002\n\nOther candidates: Anthony Garotinho (PSB), Ciro Gomes (PPS), José Maria de Almeida (PSTU), Rui Costa Pimenta (PCO)\n\n2006\n\nOther candidates: Heloísa Helena (PSOL), Cristovam Buarque (PDT), Luciano Bivar (PSL) José Maria Eymael (PSDC), Rui Costa Pimenta (PCO), Ana Maria Rangel (PRP)\n\n2010\n\nOther candidates: Marina Silva (PV), Plínio de Arruda Sampaio (PSOL), Levy Fidelix (PRTB), José Maria de Almeida (PSTU), José Maria Eymael (PSDC), Rui Costa Pimenta (PCO), Ivan Pinheiro (PCB)\n\n2014\n\nOther candidates: Marina Silva (PSB), Luciana Genro (PSOL), Eduardo Jorge (PV), Levy Fidelix (PRTB), Everaldo Pereira (PSC), José Maria Eymael (PSDC), José Maria de Almeida (PSTU), Mauro Iasi (PCB), Rui Costa Pimenta (PCO)\n\n2018\n\nOther candidates: Ciro Gomes (PDT), Geraldo Alckmin (PSDB), Marina Silva (REDE), Cabo Daciolo (Patriota), Guilherme Boulos (PSOL), João Amoêdo (NOVO), José Maria Eymael (DC), Vera Lúcia (PSTU), João Vincente Goulart (PPL)\n\nReferences", "This article contains the list of candidates associated with the 2018 Russian presidential election.\n\n70 people – 46 independents and 24 party-nominated – informed the Central Election Commission (CEC) that they intended to participate in the election as candidates. 1 January 2018 was the last day that independents could notify the CEC of their intent to participate. Independents had until the end of 7 January 2018 to file registration documents with the CEC, whilst for those nominated by parties the deadline was the end of 12 January. 36 people were nominated to participate in the election – 15 independents and 21 party-nominated candidates. Out of them, eight were registered, 11 withdrew, and 17 were rejected.\n\nCandidates\nThese candidates have been officially registered by the CEC. Candidates are listed in the order they appeal on the ballot paper (alphabetical order in Russian).\n\nRejected candidates\n\nDeclared candidates who withdrew\n\nPossible candidates who did not run\nThe following individuals were included in some polls, were referred to in the media as possible candidates or has publicly expressed interest long before the elections but never announced that they would run.\n\nUnited Russia\n\nCommunist party\n\nA Just Russia\n\nIndependent candidates\n\nCandidates graphic timeline\n\nSee also\nList of Russian presidential candidates\n\nReferences \n\n \n2018" ]

[ "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "General elections", "who were the other candidates?", "I don't know." ]

[ "Ivar Guttormsen Fløistad (4 December 1846 – 26 November 1926) was a Norwegian bailiff and politician for the Liberal Party.\n\nHe was elected to the Parliament of Norway in 1885 from the constituency Nedenes Amt, and after many years he was elected again in 1897. He previously served as a deputy representative during the term 1883–1885. When new constituencies had been introduced, he ran in 1906 in Nedenes. Against seven other candidates he received 274 votes and won the first round. Finn Blakstad in second place had 249, followed by Aslak Kateraas with 229, Lars Olsen Skjulestad with 175 and Daniel Vigeland with 119. In the second round, Blakstad (with Kateraas as running mate) won with 639 votes against Fløistad's 586 (with Vigeland as running mate). In the 1909 election Fløistad ran again, but finished third in both the first and second round, and was not elected.\n\nHe died in late December 1958 and was buried in Austre Moland. He was the father of politician Guttorm Fløistad and grandfather of philosopher Guttorm Fløistad.\n\nReferences\n\n1846 births\n1926 deaths\nPeople from Arendal\nNorwegian police chiefs\nMayors of places in Aust-Agder\nMembers of the Storting\nLiberal Party (Norway) politicians", "Syed Kazim Shah was the former Sindh parliament member elected for Nawabshah in 1987. He was the member of the Pakistan Muslim League-N (PML-N). He was also appointed advisor to the chief minister of Sindh in 1994. He was a notable personality of his political party and Sindh province. He was also a former chairman of Pakistan Khidmat Khalf, and received numerous awards for his good deeds by running a free food chain where the poor people ate what they wanted with free of cost. \n\n1998 deaths\nPakistan Muslim League (N) politicians\nPeople from Shaheed Benazir Abad District\nYear of birth missing" ]

[ "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "General elections", "who were the other candidates?", "I don't know.", "What party was he running with?", "Erdogan established the Justice and Development Party (AKP)." ]

[ "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan was a Mayor of Istanbul and is the 1st leader of the Justice and Development Party and the 25th Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey. He has been involved in many elections on local, leadership and nationwide stage since his first election to the Grand National Assembly in 1986.\n\nLocal elections, 1994\n\nGeneral election, 2002\n\nBy-election, 2003\n\nLocal elections, 2004\n\nGeneral election, 2007\n\nConstitutional referendum, 2007\n\nLocal elections, 2009\n\nConstitutional referendum, 2010\n\nGeneral election, 2011\n\nPresidential election, 2014\n\nPresidential election, 2018\n\nLocal elections, 2019\n\nSee also \n Elections in Turkey\n Prime Minister of Turkey\n\nReferences \n\nRecep Tayyip Erdoğan\nErdogan, Recep Tayyip", "This is a list of international prime ministerial trips made by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, the 25th Prime Minister of Turkey, after he assumed the premiership on March 14, 2014 and until he became the 12th President of Turkey on August 28, 2014. The summary does not include trips made after becoming the President.\n\nErdogan has made 301 international trips to 91 countries during the course of his premiership. He has made the largest number of trips to Germany. The second most visited country is the United States due to attendance of meetings of the United Nations and other international organizations. The third most visited country is Belgium, due to issues concerning the accession of Turkey to the European Union. The fourth most visited country by Erdoğan is the neighbouring Azerbaijan.\n\nSummary of international trips\n\nTotal: 301 international trips to 91 countries.\n\n2002\n\nErdogan won the elections of November 2002, but was obstructed to become prime minister until the by-election in March 2003. Although, Erdogan was not the Prime Minister during that period, he still served as the de facto leader of Turkey. During this period, his visits were done in the framework of accession of Turkey to the European Union\n\n2003\n\nAs Prime Minister:\n\n2004\n\n2005\n\n2006\n\n2007\n\n2008\n\n2009\n\n2010\n\n2011\n\n2012\n\n2013\n\n2014\n\nSee also\n\nList of international presidential trips made by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan\nForeign policy of the Recep Tayyip Erdoğan government\n\nReferences\n\nRecep Tayyip Erdoğan\nState visits by Turkish leaders\nTrips\nDiplomatic visits by heads of government" ]

[ "Recep Tayyip Erdoğan", "General elections", "who were the other candidates?", "I don't know.", "What party was he running with?", "Erdogan established the Justice and Development Party (AKP).", "what is the most interesting thing about Erdogan and the General Elections?", "The elections of 2002 were the first elections in which Erdogan participated as a party leader." ]

[ "The Ukrainian Republican Party (; Ukrajinska Respublikanska Partija) is a political party in Ukraine registered in December 2006 as Ukrainian Republican Party Lukyanenko (). The party was led by political veteran Levko Lukyanenko(1928-2018). The party did not participate in the 2007 parliamentary election as well as the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election nationwide proportional party-list system; instead three members of the party tried to win a seat in three of the 225 local single-member districts. None of the parties candidates did win.\n\nThe party did participate in the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election in 5 single-member districts; but again did not win seats. The party has not taken part in national elections since 2012.\n\nThe party occupies a few seats in local and provincial councils. In the 2020 Ukrainian local elections the party gained 4 deputies (0.01% of all available mandates).\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nConservative parties in Ukraine\nPolitical parties established in 2006\nNationalist parties in Ukraine", "The People's Party (; Narodna Partiya) is a political party in Ukraine. It was previously named as the Agrarian Party of Ukraine (). The party is led by Volodymyr Lytvyn. In September 2011 he claimed that his party was only surpassed in membership by the Party of Regions and Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko.\n\nThe party won 2 seats in the Ukrainian parliament in the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election. The party did not take part in national elections since 2012.\n\nHistory\nDuring the 1998 Ukrainian parliamentary election the party gained 3,68% of the popular vote, the party won 2 (single-mandate constituency) seats.\n\nAt the parliamentary elections on 30 March 2002, the party was part of the For United Ukraine alliance. At the parliamentary elections on 26 March 2006 the party was part of the electoral Lytvyn's People's Bloc, which won 2.44% of the popular vote and no seats. In the parliamentary elections on 30 September 2007, the party was part of the Lytvyn Bloc alliance, that won 20 out of 450 seats.\n\nIn November 2010 the Bloc of Lytvyn faction in the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) was renamed People's Party faction.\n\nIn the 2010 local elections the party won representative in 20 of the 24 regional parliaments, it did not win seats in the Supreme Council of Crimea.\n\nIn August 2011 party leader Lytvyn stated that his People's Party will merge with fellow Ukrainian party Party of Regions. Earlier that month Strong Ukraine had announced the same move. But Mid-December 2011 Lytvyn stated that People's Party will participate in the 2012 parliamentary elections independently. In these election the party did not run on the nationwide proportional party-list but it did win 2 constituencies (it had competed in 58 constituencies), one won by Lytvyn and the other one by Serhiy Hrynyvetsky, and thus parliamentary representation. Hrynyvetsky joined the faction of Party of Regions in December 2012, while Lytvyn did not join any faction.\n\nIn the 2014 parliamentary election the party did not compete on the nationwide party list and also did not win a constituency seat and thus no parliamentary seats.\n Lytvyn was re-elected into parliament as an independent candidate in electoral district 65.\n\nAgain the party did not take part in the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election. In this election Volodymyr Lytvyn lost his parliamentary seat after losing his constituency.\n\nIn the 2020 Ukrainian local elections the party gained 13 deputies (0.03% of all available mandates).\n\nElection results\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nPeople's Party\n\nAgrarian parties in Ukraine\nPolitical parties established in 1996\n1996 establishments in Ukraine" ]

[ "Sid Caesar", "Death" ]

[ "Laughter on the 23rd Floor is a 1993 play by Neil Simon. It focuses on the star and writers of a TV comedy-variety show in the 1950s, inspired by Simon's own early career experience as a junior writer (along with his brother Danny) for Your Show of Shows and Caesar's Hour.\n\nPlot overview\nThe play focuses on Sid Caesar-like Max Prince, the star of a weekly comedy-variety show circa 1953, and his staff, including Simon's alter-ego Lucas Brickman, who maintains a running commentary on the writing, fighting, and wacky antics which take place in the writers' room. Max has an ongoing battle with NBC executives, who fear his humor is too sophisticated for Middle America. The play is notable not only for its insider's look at the personalities and processes of television comedy writing, but also for its reflection of the political and social undercurrents of its time, in particular the rise of Joseph McCarthy, relationships between various (European) American ethnicities, and attitudes toward women.\n\nRelation to real life\nLaughter on the 23rd Floor is a roman à clef, with the characters in the play based on Neil Simon's co-writers on Your Show of Shows. Lloyd Rose, in her Washington Post review, noted several of the real-life inspirations: the \"Sid Caesar–inspired Max Prince\", \"hypochondriac Ira (played by Ron Orbach, inspired by Mel Brooks)\" ... and \"fussy Russian emigre Val (Mark Linn-Baker, inspired by Mel Tolkin) .... There is no character based on Woody Allen.\" Like many Rose attributes \"dryly witty, sane Kenny (John Slattery) as inspired by Larry Gelbart and Carl Reiner when it was actually only Gelbart. The Ira Stone character is often misattributed to Allen, as the character in the play is a hypochondriac and Allen went on to use that affectation to great effect in his own comedy career. Simon actually was poking fun at Brooks. The real-life counterparts for each character are:\n\nAccording to Simon, Sid Caesar's writers on the original Your Show of Shows (including Neil Simon and his older brother Danny Simon) held their script sessions at various times on the eleventh and the twelfth floors of an NBC-TV office building; Simon added those numbers together to put his fictional cast on the 23rd floor.\n\nProductions\nLaughter on the 23rd Floor opened on Broadway at the Richard Rodgers Theatre on November 22, 1993 and closed on August 27, 1994 after 320 performances and 24 previews. Directed by Jerry Zaks the cast featured Nathan Lane (Max), Ron Orbach (Ira), Randy Graff (Carol), Mark Linn-Baker (Val), Bitty Schram (Helen), J. K. Simmons (Brian), John Slattery (Kenny), and Lewis J. Stadlen (Milt). The play was first performed at Duke University. Stephen Mailer played Simon's young stand-in Lucas.\n\nPaul Provenza was originally cast as Ira Stone, but was fired prior to opening.\n\nA West End production headed by Gene Wilder opened on October 3, 1996, at the Queen's Theatre, where it ran for five months.\n\nIn April and May, 2011, Laughter on the 23rd Floor received a newly conceived production in Philadelphia at 1812 Productions. This production took place in repertory with an original comedy, Our Show of Shows, an homage to Sid Caesar's Your Show of Shows. This was the first time Laughter on the 23rd Floor was presented with a companion piece. Neil Simon and Sid Caesar both gave their personal approval for this repertory production, and Eddy Friedfeld, co-author of Sid Caesar's autobiography, Caesar's Hours, served as the dramaturg for both shows. Of the companion piece, Our Show of Shows, Sid Caesar wrote, “To the superb cast and crew of 1812 Productions: Thank you for keeping my legacy alive.”\n\nAdaptation\nLane repeated his role for the 2001 television movie written by Simon and directed by Richard Benjamin. Mark Evanier notes for the movie Simon added a new character, Harry Prince, based on Caesar's brother David and the teleplay \"[uses] almost none of the play.\" The cast included Nathan Lane, Saul Rubinek, Victor Garber, Peri Gilpin, Mark Linn-Baker and Dan Castellaneta.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\n1993 plays\nBroadway plays\nPlays by Neil Simon\nPlays set in New York City", "Caesar is a surname. It most commonly refers to Julius Caesar (100 BC–44 BC), a Roman general and statesman.\n\nOther notable people with the surname include:\n\n Adolph Caesar (1933–1986), American actor\n Alfred Augustus Levi Caesar (1914-1995), English geographer\n Arthur Caesar (1892–1953), American screenwriter\n Bill Caesar (1899–1988), English cricketer\n Burt Caesar, British actor, broadcaster and director\n David Caesar (born 1963), Australian television director, film director and writer\n Gus Caesar (born 1966), English footballer\n Hans-Joachim Caesar (1905–1990), German Bank Comptroller in Paris, 1940–44\n Irving Caesar (1895–1996), American lyricist and theatre composer\n Ivan Caesar (1967–2008), American football player\n Julius Caesar (judge) (1557/8–1636), British judge and politician (MP for Reigate, Bletchingley, Windsor, Westminster, Middlesex and Maldon)\n Pogus Caesar (born 1953), British photographer, conceptual artist, archivist, author, curator, television producer and director\n Robert Caesar (1602–1637), English lawyer and politician\n Shirley Caesar (born 1938), American singer\n Sid Caesar (1922–2014), American comedian and television personality\n\nSee also\nCaesar (disambiguation), for people known by the title \"Caesar\"\n Matt Szczur (born 1989), American baseball player whose last name is pronounced identically to the most common English pronunciation of \"Caesar\"" ]

[ "Sid Caesar", "Death", "When did Sid Caesar die?", "February 12, 2014" ]

[ "R. v. Smithers, [1978] 1 S.C.R. 506 is a leading Supreme Court of Canada decision on determining criminal causation in an offence of manslaughter. The Court held that the Crown must show that the accused's acts were a \"contributing cause of death outside of the de minimis range.\" In practice, this test applied to all criminal offences requiring proof of causation.\n\nBackground\nOn February 18, 1973, Smithers, a black teen, played in a hockey game against a team including Barrie Cobby, a white teen, in a Mississauga rink. During the game, Smithers was subject to numerous racial slurs by Cobby. Evidence given by numerous witnesses at the trial indicated both had a dislike for each other's behaviour and Cobby had often been using racial slurs toward Smithers. During their final game, Cobby was given a penalty for spearing Smithers during the game while Cobby was in the penalty box Smithers scored a goal and laughed in Cobby's direction. Cobby shouted further racial slurs and Smithers threatened Cobby that he was going to \"get him\" if Cobby did not apologize for making the ongoing racial insults.\n\nAfter the game Smithers waited outside the rink for Cobby to leave. When Cobby came out Smithers chased him and was grabbed by at least 3 of Cobby's friends, Smithers grabbed Cobby's jacket and kicked Cobby once in the stomach area. Immediately Cobby fell to the ground and started to gasp for air. Cobby soon passed out and died shortly afterwards. It was discovered that he died from inhaling vomit after being kicked due to a rare condition in which his epiglottis failed. Although Smithers was unsure if the kick even landed (there were no marks on Cobby), he was still responsible. \n\nSmithers was charged for manslaughter under section 205 of the Criminal Code (now section 222) for \"caus[ing] the death of a human being\". In his defence, Smithers argued that it was the epiglottis condition that caused death, not the blow.\n\nThe issue before the Supreme Court was whether the kick was a sufficient cause of the death to attract criminal liability.\n\nA unanimous Court held that Smithers was guilty of causing death of a human being. The decision was written by Justice Dickson.\n\nOpinion of the court\nDickson adopted the comments of G. Arthur Martin from a 1943 case note on the English Larkin case, where it was stated that \"[t]here are many unlawful acts which are not dangerous in themselves and are not likely to cause injury which, nevertheless if they cause death, render the actor guilty of culpable homicide ... In the case of so-called intentional crimes where death is an unintended consequence the actor is always guilty of manslaughter at least.\"\n\nThe question Dickson considered was what degree of causation is required to prove guilt. Where consequences need not be intended such as manslaughter, he proposed the degree of contribution to the cause of death need only pass a de minimis test. That is, the Crown need only show that the amount contributed to the cause of death be more than trivial. \n\nDickson also reaffirmed the application of the thin skull doctrine in homicide, where the fact that Cobby was susceptible to failure of the epiglottis should not absolve Smithers from liability. Consequently, since the kick may have killed Cobby, its contribution to his death was more than trivial and so Smithers is criminally liable.\n\nSee also\nList of Supreme Court of Canada cases (Laskin Court)\n\nExternal links\nfull text at CanLII.org\n\nSupreme Court of Canada cases\n1978 in Canadian case law\nCanadian criminal case law\nManslaughter\nHistory of Mississauga", "Burrage v. United States, 571 U.S. 204 (2014), was a United States Supreme Court case in which a unanimous Court held that a defendant cannot be liable for penalty enhancement under the penalty enhancement provision of the Controlled Substances Act unless such use is a but-for cause of the death or injury, at least when the use of a drug distributed by the defendant is not an independently sufficient cause of the victim's death or serious bodily injury.\n\nBackground\nAfter an extended drug binge which began on April 14, 2010 involving marijuana, oxycodone (which he stole from a roommate), and heroin, Joshua Banka died on April 15. His wife found his body late that morning; they had purchased heroin together from Marcus Burrage. When police searched their home and vehicle, they found syringes, 0.59 grams of heroin, alprazolam and clonazepam tablets, oxycodone pills, a bottle of hydrocodone, and other drugs.\n\nBurrage pleaded not guilty to a superseding indictment alleging two counts of distributing heroin in violation of . Only one of those offenses, count 2, which alleged that Burrage unlawfully distributed heroin on April 14, 2010, and that \"death...resulted from the use of th[at] substance\"—thus subjecting Burrage to the 20 year mandatory minimum of , was at issue in the case.\n\nTwo medical experts testified at trial regarding the cause of Banka's death. One, a forensic toxicologist, determined that multiple drugs were present but could not say whether Banka would have lived if he had not taken the heroin, though he concluded that the drug was a factor in Banka's death. Another, an Iowa state medical examiner, similarly could not determine whether Banka would have lived had he not taken the heroin, but said that his death would have been much less likely.\n\nBurrage moved for acquittal because Banka's death was not \"because of\" the heroin (there was no evidence that heroin was a but-for cause of death), but the motion was denied. The district court also declined giving Burrage's proposed jury instructions, including requiring the government to prove that heroin use \"was the proximate cause of [Banka’s] death.\" Instead, the court instructed the jury to determine if \"the heroin distributed by [Burrage] was a contributing cause of Joshua Banka's death.\" The jury convicted him and the court sentenced him to 20 years' imprisonment, consistent with the minimum sentence in the law. The Eighth Circuit affirmed Burrage's convictions.\n\nThe Court heard oral argument on November 12, 2013. Angela L. Campbell was appointed by the Court to argue for the petitioner, and Benjamin Horwich, assistant to the Solicitor General, argued for the United States.\n\nOpinion of the Court\nJustice Scalia wrote the opinion of the Court.\n\nThe Court held that the law considers causation as a hybrid between two constituent parts: actual cause, or cause-in-fact, and legal cause, which is also known as proximate cause. Because the cause-in-fact requirement was not met in this case, the Court did not rule on whether the crime of distribution of drugs causing death required a foreseeability or proximate cause requirement. Instead, the Court focused on the specific text found in , the federal law requiring heightened sentences for drug sales causing death or serious bodily injury. The language in that statute requires that the death “results from” the sale of illegal drugs. Because the deceased in this case was found with multiple drugs in his system, the heroin sold by the defendant could not be considered an independently sufficient cause of death.\n\nJustice Ginsburg's Concurrence\nJustice Ginsburg wrote an opinion concurring in the judgment, joined by Justice Sotomayor, objecting to an analogy made in the opinion that compared the \"results from\" language in drug statutes to similar language found in Title VII's anti-retaliation provision. Citing her dissent in University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center v. Nassar, , she argued that the Court's interpretation of similar language (in that case, \"because of\") lacked sensitivity to real-life concerns.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n\nUnited States Supreme Court cases\nUnited States Supreme Court cases of the Roberts Court\n2014 in United States case law\nUnited States controlled substances case law" ]

[ "Sid Caesar", "Death", "When did Sid Caesar die?", "February 12, 2014", "What was his cause of death?", "after a short illness." ]

[ "React is a media franchise used by the Fine Brothers consisting of several online series centering on a group of individuals reacting to viral videos, trends, video games, film trailers, or music videos. The franchise was launched with the YouTube debut of Kids React in October 2010, and then grew to encompass four more series uploaded on the Fine Brothers' primary YouTube channel, a separate YouTube channel with various reaction-related content, as well as a television series titled React to That.\n\nIn 2016, the duo announced React World, a program and channel in which they would license the format of their React shows to creators, which led to widespread negative reception from viewers and fellow content creators, as well as confusion about what their format is. This eventually lead to the Fine Brothers removing all videos related to React World, essentially pulling the plug on the React World program.\n\nYouTube series\n\nKids React\nBenny and Rafi Fine launched a series titled Kids React on October 16, 2010, the first video being \"Kids React to Viral Videos (Double Rainbow, Obama Fail, Twin Rabbits, Snickers Halloween)\". The Kids React series features The Fine Brothers (and one of the staff members since 2016), off-camera, showing kids ages 4–14 (7-13 as of September 2016, 7-11 as of October 2016) several viral videos or popular YouTubers and having the kids react to the videos.\n\nThe most popular Kids React episode to date is “Kids React to Gay Marriage\", with over 40.2 million views as of September 2, 2018. The popularity of Kids React made it possible for the online series to win a special Emmy Award at the 39th Daytime Emmy Awards in 2012. The Emmy Award, that was given in cooperation with AOL, was awarded to the Fine Brothers for \"Best Viral Video Series\". After their Emmy win, the brothers explained, \"Not a lot has changed [after winning the Emmy] other than realizing that there are shows on YouTube like React that can get similar if not better viewership than mainstream entertainment can.\"\n\nVideos and YouTube stars that have been reacted to by the kids include Smosh (who later reacted to the kids' reactions), planking and President Obama addressing the death of Osama bin Laden, among several other topics. Kids React has been compared to Kids Say the Darndest Things. In October 2012, the kids of the show were shown videos of the 2012 U.S. Presidential debates. Kids React won the Streamy Award for Best Non-Fiction or Reality Series in 2013.\n\nTeens React\nDue to the popularity of Kids React, The Fine Brothers spawned a spin-off dubbed Teens React on November 17, 2011 with \"TEENS REACT TO TWILIGHT\". The show has a similar premise to Kids React, however the younger stars are replaced with high school teenagers aged 14-18, some of whom have aged out of the Kids React series. Due to this, the Fine Brothers are able to show more mature and less \"kid-friendly\" videos such as videos on topics like Toddlers & Tiaras, Rick Perry's Strong commercial, Amanda Todd's death, and the 2012 U.S. Presidential debates. Other viral videos and YouTube stars that have been reacted to include Salad Fingers, the Overly Attached Girlfriend, \"Gangnam Style\", The Hunger Games trailer, Shane Dawson, and One Direction, among other topics. Later on, The Fine Brothers launched a series titled Teens React: Gaming consisting videos of teenagers reacting to popular games such as Mario Kart 64, Flappy Bird, Rocket League, and Five Nights at Freddy’s. Teens React launched the career of Lia Marie Johnson, it also featured some \"famous\" 'reactors' as guest stars, including Lisa Cimorelli, Amy Cimorelli, Lucas Cruikshank (who later appears in YouTubers React), Alex Steele, Jake Short, and Maisie Williams.\n\nElders React\nElders React was debuted in 2012 and it included seniors over the age of 55. In 2021, it became a subseries for Adults React.\n\nYouTubers React\nYouTubers React was debuted in 2012 and it included famous YouTubers. On November 2020, it is retitled Creators React due to the success of other social medias and is currently airing its one-off episodes as of June 2021.\n\nAdults React\nOn May 30, 2015, the Fine Brothers announced Adults React, which premiered on July 16 later that year. It consists of people ages 20 to 55, including former stars of Teens React that have aged out of the series. Depending on the video or topic, Adults React will be specific of which type of adults are going to be reacting, such as parents or college kids.\n\nParents React\n\nThe first episode of Parents React premiered on August 6, 2015 with “Parents React to Don’t Stay At School”. This series involves parents reacting to stuff that kids were getting into.\n\nCollege Kids React\nThe first episode of College Kids React premiered on June 23, 2016 with \"College Kids React to The 1975\". This series includes stars who have aged out of Teens React along with new stars, as well as stars that have not yet aged out of Teens React but have begun college. The content of College Kids React is similar to the content found in Teens React but more mature.\n\nOne-off episodes\nIn April 2014, as an April Fools joke, the Fine Brothers teamed up with Friskies and released Cats React, which went viral. In July 2016 they released another part of Cats React.\n\nIn August 2014, they released Celebrities React to Viral Videos, and now re-released yearly.\n\nIn April 2018, in another April Fools joke, they released \"Teens React to Nothing\" where they showed the teenagers on a blank screen. The following year, they released a sequel, \"nothing reacts to teens react to nothing.\", which featured the original video being played in an empty studio.\n\nReact YouTube channel\nAfter creating four individual successful React series on their primary YouTube channel, the Fine Brothers launched a separate YouTube channel in 2014, for reaction-related content, simply dubbed \"React\". With the intent of running programming five days a week, the channel launched with five series: React Gaming (a Let's Play-style series with real youths from their primary React series), Advice (a series featuring real youths respond to questions from viewers), React Remix (musical remixes of past React footage), People Vs. Foods (originally Kids Vs. Food until 2016) (a series featuring Reactors taste-test \"Weird\" or international foods), and Lyric Breakdown (a series in which Reactors break down the meaning of various songs). The channel launched with a teenage-focused playthrough of Goat Simulator.\nFrom September 18th 2020 to May 31st 2021, the React YouTube channel was retitled to \"REPLAY\", following the renaming of the main FBE channel to \"REACT\" in the wake of FBE's distancing from Benny and Rafi Fine as a consequence of the scandal in Summer 2020 that led to many reactors leaving the channel.\nOn June 1st 2021, REPLAY is retitled \"PEOPLE VS FOOD\" and moved all the non-food videos to REACT.\n\nReact to That\nIn early 2014, it was announced that the Fine Brothers made a deal with NCredible Entertainment, a production studio founded by Nick Cannon to develop a television series for Nickelodeon. The series, dubbed React to That, was \"entirely re-envisioned for television,\" as the reactors \"not only watch and respond to viral videos, but pop out of the reaction room and into showdowns where the clips come to life as each reactor is confronted with a challenge based on the video they just watched.\" Following the announcement of the series, Benny Fine explained, \"All these viewers now watching are also pioneering what it is to be a viewer of content. They follow us through all of our different endeavors, all our different series, and now will have the opportunity to follow us to another medium.\" Nickelodeon ordered 13 episodes to be produced, but only 12 were made and aired.\n\nReact World\n\nBackground\nIn July 2015, the Fine Brothers filed for trademark protection on \"React\" with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO). The trademark was filed for \"Entertainment services, namely, providing an ongoing series of programs and webisodes via the internet in the field of observing and interviewing various groups of people.\" The USPTO approved for a 30-day opposition period which was set to begin on February 2, 2016; if no parties filed an opposition to the Fines' trademark request, it would have proceeded through the process. The brothers had recently filed for and been granted trademark registrations for \"Elders React\" and \"Teens React\" in 2013 as well as \"Kids React\" in 2012.\n\nAnnouncement details\nOn January 26, 2016, the Fines announced that they would be launching React World, a way to grant content creators the license to create their own versions of the React shows. Specifically, the Fine Brothers explained they were going to license the format of their React shows. A Variety report detailed that React World would \"aggregate videos in a channel to launch later this year to promote, support and feature fan-produced programming based on their shows.\" The brothers' company, Fine Brothers Entertainment (FBE) explained they would be working with YouTube and ChannelMeter on the launch of React World. FBE also expressed they would be able to monetize React-style videos uploaded under their license. On monetization, Digital Trends detailed \"Although licenses are free, React World creators must agree to share 20 percent of AdSense revenue and 30 percent of premium brand deals with FBE.\" Additionally, the Fines explained they would provide ongoing production guidance, creative guidelines, format bibles, and other resources, as well as promotional and technical support to those creators who participated with the brothers on React World.\n\nReception\nAlthough YouTube's VP on content partnerships, Kelly Merryman, originally proclaimed \"This is brand-building in the YouTube age — rising media companies building their brands through collaborations with creators around the world,\" the Fine Brothers were met with overwhelmingly negative reception to their React World announcement. BBC News reported that \"critics of the Fine Brothers have expressed concern they may use the trademarks to stifle competition,\" and quoted one YouTuber who detailed \"People don't trust them because a few years ago when Ellen DeGeneres did a similar video—not that similar, it didn't have the same format or branding—they claimed it was their format.\" Viewers and fellow content creators alike condemned the Fines for their announcement, with The Daily Dot reporting, \"Backlash poured in on Reddit and social media, and other YouTubers posted their own reactions and parodies of the enthusiastically corporate React World announcement video.\" The backlash led to a dramatic drop in subscribers, with upwards of 675,000 accounts collectively unsubscribing from the React and Fine Bros Entertainment channels as well as recent videos getting many dislikes in protest as of February 22, 2016. Mashable described that one Reddit post \"ignited a thread of haters, defenders and overall discussion about whether what Fine Brothers Entertainment is doing is fair.\" Ryan Morrison, a gamer, lawyer and Reddit user, declared that he would file a legal challenge to the Fine Brothers' trademark request on \"React\", writing \"These guys didn’t come up with the idea of filming funny reactions from kids. And they certainly don’t own an entire genre of YouTube videos. It wasn’t their idea, and it’s not theirs to own or police.\"\n\nThough there was an overwhelmingly negative response to the React World announcement, other personalities expressed milder opinions; Internet personality Hank Green wrote \"This could actually be a very cool project if it could be divorced from the idea of two very powerful creators attempting to control a very popular YouTube video format. Franchising one of YouTube's biggest shows? Yeah, I’d love to see how that goes.\" New York reporter Jay Hathaway wrote \"The trademark and React World are dead. And that's a shame, because it was an interesting idea that suffered from tone-deaf execution.\"\n\nResponses and discontinuation by the Fine Brothers\nAfter seeing the initial backlash from their announcement, The Fine Brothers posted comments on various social media websites including Facebook, Twitter, Reddit, and the comment section of their YouTube announcement video. On Facebook the Fines wrote, \"We do not own the idea or copyright for reaction videos overall, nor did we ever say we did. You don’t need anyone’s permission to make these kinds of videos, and we’re not coming after anyone\", adding \"We are in no way claiming reaction content in general is our intellectual property. This is purely a voluntary program for people wanting direct support from us, and we continue to be so excited to work with all of you who may want to participate\". They additionally tweeted \"We're not saying we hold a copyright on reaction videos overall, no one can. We're licensing our specific shows, like TV has done for years\". The brothers also explained they would \"not be trying to take revenue from other types of reaction videos, and will not be copyright-striking\". However, other YouTubers have reported multiple copyright related video takedowns. The Guardian also reported that unrelated channels featuring diverse groups of people reacting to videos were also removed after takedown requests from the Fine Brothers; the \"Seniors React\" video was noted to be released prior to the Fines launching their Elders React series. The Fines also posted an update video in response to what they described as \"confusion and negative response\" to React World, in which they try to clear up confusion on what their format encompasses, as well as inviting viewers to e-mail them about any further questions.\n\nUltimately, the Fine Brothers removed all React World videos, and posted a statement on Medium, declaring they have filed the paperwork to rescind all their \"React\" trademarks and applications, will discontinue the React World program, and will release all past Content ID claims. In their post, the brothers expressed \"It makes perfect sense for people to distrust our motives here, but we are confident that our actions will speak louder than these words moving forward\". Reaction to this Medium post was negative on Reddit, where users were reported commenting they would not forgive the Fine Brothers.\n\nAccolades\n\nReferences\n\nCitations\n\nSources\n\nFootnotes\n\nSee also \n Reaction video\n\n2010 web series debuts\nFullscreen (company) channels\nFullscreen Media franchises\nYouTube original programming", "Elegy For a Stillborn Child written by Seamus Heaney is a poem about the death of his friend's stillborn child.\n\nIt deals with the sad eventful death of the baby and how the mother and father react to the traumatic event as well as Seamus Heaney himself. The poem was published c. 1966 along with others such as Triptych for the Easter Battlers, Homage to Pieter Breughel, Persephone, Rookery, Requiem for the Irish Rebels, The Peninsula, and Orange Drums, Tyrone 1966.\n\nReferences\n\nIrish poems\nStillbirth" ]

[ "Sid Caesar", "Death", "When did Sid Caesar die?", "February 12, 2014", "What was his cause of death?", "after a short illness.", "How did people react to his death?", "Carl Reiner said, \"He was the ultimate, he was the very best sketch artist and comedian that ever existed.\"" ]

[ "\"Going a Traveling\" is a German fairy tale collected by the Brothers Grimm in Grimm's Fairy Tales, tale number 143. \nIt is Aarne-Thompson type 1696, What Should I Have Said?.\n\nSynopsis \nA long long time ago there lived a mother and her son. The son told the mother that he wanted to go out a traveling. The mother was very worried about it since they were very poor. The son told her that he would be fine, and he would always say \"not much\".\n\nOne day on his travels, he passed by a group of fishermen while he was saying \"not much\". The fishermen could not catch any fish and were very angry at him. He asked them what he should be saying instead. They told him to say \"Get it full\".\n\nHe continued to say \"get it full, get it full\" while he was traveling. Then he passed by a gallows when some prisoners were being hung. The executioner got angry and said, \"so it is good to have more criminals?\". The young man asked what he should be saying instead. The executioner told him to say \"God, please have pity on the poor soul\".\n\nThen he came across a group of knackers who were skinning a horse while he was saying \"God, please have pity on the poor soul.\" The knackers got mad and told him to say \"there lies the dead flesh in the pit\".\n\nSo the young man kept on traveling while he was saying \"there lies the dead flesh in the pit.\" A cart passed by and fell into a pit. The people in the cart were mad and start attacking the young man. He ran back home and never went out a traveling again in his life.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n What Should I Have Said (or Done)?: folktales of Aarne-Thompson type 1696, other tales of this type\n\nGrimms' Fairy Tales", "\"What They'll Say About Us\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Finneas. It was released by OYOY as a single on September 2, 2020. The song was written and produced by Finneas. A lullaby-influenced ballad, the lyrics were inspired by the Black Lives Matter protests and Nick Cordero's death due to COVID-19. \"What They'll Say About Us\" was noted by music critics for its lyrical content. A music video for the song was released alongside the song and was directed by Sam Bennett in one take. It is the first single from his debut studio album Optimist.\n\nBackground and development\nFinneas wrote and produced \"What They'll Say About Us\". It was inspired by the spark of Black Lives Matter protests after racial inequality in the United States and the death of Canadian actor Nick Cordero, who died at the age of 41 from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Finneas wrote the track in June 2020 while in quarantine. In an interview over Zoom with The Wall Street Journal, he said: \"I wrote this song in June after spending the day at a protest in Downtown LA, filled with hope with the prospect that millions of people were coming together from all over the world to fight against institutionalized racism and inequality\". He further stated: \"The other component of the song was [that] I was very closely following Nick Cordero's story on Instagram, via his wife [Amanda Kloots], and Nick and his wife were not people I'd ever met. I don't know them at all. I saw the headlines about his health, just like everybody else did. I just became incredibly attached to this family that I’d never met before. I kind of wrote this song as if you were singing to your loved one who was in a hospital bed while the world was protesting outside. I did make a point to keep the song fairly ambiguous because I know everybody's sort of going through different circumstances of the same things right now\".\n\nComposition and lyrics\n\"What They'll Say About Us\" begins \"calmly and reassuringly\": \"You're tired now, lie down/I'll be waiting to give you the good news/It might take patience/And when you wake up, it won't be over/So don't you give up\". However, as the beat and other instruments begin to arrive, the soundstage changes to be hazy. John Pareles, writing for The New York Times, says it \"mortality begins to haunt the song, all the way to a devastating last line\", noting the lyrics, \"It might take patience/And if you don't wake up/I'll know you tried to/I wish you could see him/He looks just like you\".\n\nReception\nIn a review for DIY magazine, the staff labeled \"What They'll Say About Us\" as \"poignant\" and an \"ode to human strength\". Writing for Billboard magazine, Jason Lipshutz said while the production on the track is \"effectively restrained\", people should credit Finneas for going \"full-on showstopper when he draws out the line, 'We've got the time to take the world / And make it better than it ever was\". Emily Tan of Spin magazine described the track as a song that \"aims to offer comfort to those who have lost someone due to Covid-19\".\n\nMusic video\nA music video for \"What They'll Say About Us\" was released to Finneas' YouTube channel on September 2, 2020. The video was directed by Sam Bennett and shot in one take. In the visual, lights and rain swirl around Finneas as he sings and offers comfort to people who have lost someone they love from COVID-19. Spins Emily Yan described the visual as \"simple\" and \"intimate\".\n\nCharts\n\nReferences\n\n2020s ballads\n2020 singles\n2020 songs\nSong recordings produced by Finneas O'Connell\nSongs written by Finneas O'Connell\nSongs in memory of deceased persons\nFinneas O'Connell songs" ]

[ "Sid Caesar", "Death", "When did Sid Caesar die?", "February 12, 2014", "What was his cause of death?", "after a short illness.", "How did people react to his death?", "Carl Reiner said, \"He was the ultimate, he was the very best sketch artist and comedian that ever existed.\"", "What did other people say about him?", "Mel Brooks commented, \"Sid Caesar was a giant, maybe the best comedian who ever practiced the trade." ]

[ "\"Don't Don't Tell Me No\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Sophie B. Hawkins, which was released in 1994 as the second single from her second studio album Whaler. The song was written by Hawkins and produced by Stephen Lipson. \"Don't Don't Tell Me No\" peaked at No. 36 on the UK Singles Chart and remained in the Top 100 for five weeks.\n\nCritical reception\nOn its release, Music & Media noted: \"Like the wind blows the leaves off the trees, Hawkins constantly pulls pop songs out of her bag.\" In a review of Whaler, Jim Farber of The Daily News wrote: \"Tracks like 'Right Beside You' and 'Don't Don't Tell Me No' chirp happily along with coquettish flair and great hook appeal.\" Dave Younk of St. Cloud Times described the song as \"excellent\" with \"the most incredible a cappella ending that seems to pleasantly go on forever\".\n\nTrack listing\nCD single\n\"Don't Don't Tell Me No\" (Album Version) - 4:52\n\"Right Beside You\" (The Grid 7\" Mix) - 3:38\n\"Right Beside You\" (The Grid Dub Mix) - 8:40\n\"Big Beautiful Bottom in My Face\" - 2:55\n\nCD and cassette single\n\"Don't Don't Tell Me No\" (Album Version) - 4:52\n\"Swing from Limb to Limb (My Home Is Your Jungle)\" (Album Version) - 4:15\n\nCD single (UK CD #2)\n\"Don't Don't Tell Me No\" (Album Version) - 4:52\n\"I Need Nothing Else\" (Album Version) - 4:15\n\"Damn I Wish I Was Your Lover\" (Album Version) - 5:24\n\"Right Beside You\" (The Grid 12\" Mix) - 8:35\n\nCD single (European promo)\n\"Don't Don't Tell Me No\" - 4:52\n\n12\" single (UK release)\n\"Don't Don't Tell Me No\" (Album Version) - 4:52\n\"Swing from Limb to Limb (My Home Is Your Jungle)\" - 4:15\n\"Right Beside You\" (The Grid 12\" Mix) - 8:35\n\"Right Beside You\" (The Grid 7\" Mix) - 3:38\n\nPersonnel\nDon't Don't Tell Me No\n Sophie B. Hawkins - vocals, keyboards, programming\n Stephen Lipson - bass, programming\n Peter Vettese - keyboards\n Neil Conti - drum set\n\nProduction\n Stephen Lipson - producer on \"Don't Don't Tell Me No\", \"Right Beside You\", \"Swing from Limb to Limb\" and \"I Need Nothing Else\"\n Heff Moraes - engineer on \"Don't Don't Tell Me No\", \"Right Beside You\", \"Swing from Limb to Limb\" and \"I Need Nothing Else\"\n Sophie B. Hawkins - producer, recording and mixing on \"Big Beautiful Bottom in My Face\"\n Rick Chertoff, Ralph Schuckett - producers of \"Damn I Wish I Was Your Lover\"\n Steve Churchyard, David Leonard - mixing on \"Damn I Wish I Was Your Lover\"\n The Grid - remixes of \"Right Beside You\"\n\nCharts\n\nReferences\n\n1994 songs\n1994 singles\nSophie B. Hawkins songs\nColumbia Records singles\nSongs written by Sophie B. Hawkins\nSong recordings produced by Stephen Lipson", "\"Tell Me What You Want\" is the fourth single by English R&B band Loose Ends from their first studio album, A Little Spice, and was released in February 1984 by Virgin Records. The single reached number 74 in the UK Singles Chart.\n\nTrack listing\n7” Single: VS658\n \"Tell Me What You Want) 3.35\n \"Tell Me What You Want (Dub Mix)\" 3.34\n\n12” Single: VS658-12\n \"Tell Me What You Want (Extended Version)\" 6.11\n \"Tell Me What You Want (Extended Dub Mix)\" 5.41\n\nU.S. only release - 12” Single: MCA23596 (released 1985)\n \"Tell Me What You Want (U.S. Extended Remix)\" 6.08 *\n \"Tell Me What You Want (U.S. Dub Version)\" 5.18\n\n* The U.S. Extended Remix version was released on CD on the U.S. Version of the 'A Little Spice' album (MCAD27141).\n\nThe Extended Version also featured on Side D of the limited gatefold sleeve version of 'Magic Touch'\n\nChart performance\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Tell Me What You Want at Discogs.\n\n1984 singles\nLoose Ends (band) songs\nSong recordings produced by Nick Martinelli\nSongs written by Carl McIntosh (musician)\nSongs written by Steve Nichol\n1984 songs\nVirgin Records singles" ]

[ "Sid Caesar", "Death", "When did Sid Caesar die?", "February 12, 2014", "What was his cause of death?", "after a short illness.", "How did people react to his death?", "Carl Reiner said, \"He was the ultimate, he was the very best sketch artist and comedian that ever existed.\"", "What did other people say about him?", "Mel Brooks commented, \"Sid Caesar was a giant, maybe the best comedian who ever practiced the trade.", "What else can you tell me from the article?", "Jon Stewart and The Daily Show paid tribute to Caesar at the show's close on February 12, 2014." ]

[ "The tribute of 100 virgins () was a legendary annual tribute of one hundred virgin maidens paid by the Christian kingdom of Asturias to the Muslim emirate of Córdoba. Fifty were to be of noble birth and fifty commoners. The tribute has been called \"historically apocryphal but ideologically accurate... It plays an intriguing role in the formation and affirmation of reconquista ideology in the later Middle Ages, and also remains a powerful site in Spanish national cultural memory to this day.\"\n\nThe origin of the tribute is usually placed in the reign of Mauregatus (783–789). The legend does not appear until after the fabrication of the Privilegio del voto around 1150. This text, which describes the legendary Battle of Clavijo in 834, where Saint James saved the Asturians, claims that as a result the Spaniards owed annual tribute to the cathedral of Saint James in Compostela.\n\nLucas of Tuy, writing in 1236, describes how Mauregatus \"gave many high-born and also low-born maidens [to the Saracens] in marriage due to an agreement with the Saracens so that he might be at peace with them.\" In 788, Counts Arias and Oveco revolted against king Mauregatus and killed him in revenge for his having granted the Moors such a repulsive tribute. His successor, Bermudo I of Asturias, tried to negotiate for a tribute of money instead. Bermudo was succeeded by Alfonso II of Asturias, nicknamed \"the Chaste\", who fully rejected the tribute and had to deal with military consequences. He won the Battle of Lutos and killed the Moorish Captain Mugait, thus achieving his goal: no more tribute. The next king, Ramiro I of Asturias, with the help of Bernardo del Carpio defeated the Moors at the (fictitious) Battle of Clavijo. The Moorish rulers were reportedly scared, by the growing military strength of the northern Christians, into giving up demands for the tribute.\n\nThere is an implicit attack on the licentiousness of the Moors in this myth, specifically in that what is being demanded was virgins. (The Moors' sexual libertinism, or alleged sexual libertinism, was a key thread in Christian attacks on it and in motivation for the Reconquista.) One of Abd al-Rahman's successors, Abd al-Rahman II, was said to have limited his sexual partners to virgins, i.e., he did not make love with the same woman twice, presumably because he preferred the variety. (See :es:Abderramán II#Familia e hijos.) It should be remembered that the legend of the tribute of the 100 virgins did not begin during the reign of Abd al-Rahman I, but much later.\n\nSee also\nSexual slavery\nArab slave trade\nWomen in Islam\n\nReferences\n\nIslam and women\nKingdom of Asturias\nSexual slavery\nReconquista\nSpanish legends", "Seaspeak is a controlled natural language (CNL) based on English, designed to facilitate communication between ships whose captains' native tongues differ. It has now been formalised as Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP).\n\nWhile generally based on the English language, seaspeak has a very small vocabulary, and will incorporate foreign words where English does not have a suitable word.\n\nThere are other similar special-purpose CNLs, including aviation English for aircraft, and the English–French hybrid PoliceSpeak for safety administration of the Channel Tunnel.\n\nHistory\nSeaspeak originated at the International Maritime Lecturers Association (IMLA) Workshop on Maritime English in 1985 in La Spezia (WOME 3), in a project led by Captain Fred Weeks, and was updated in the following years. \n\nAfter the MS Scandinavian Star disaster in 1990, in which communication errors played a part, an effort was made by the International Maritime Organization to update Seaspeak and the Standard Maritime Communication Vocabulary (SMCV). This resulted in the development of the Standard Marine Communication Phrases (SMCP), which were adopted by the IMO as resolution A.198(22) in November 2001 at their 22nd Assembly.\n\nExample phrase \"Say again\" \n\nA good example of the benefit of seaspeak is the use of a single short and carefully crafted phrase to replace a multitude of phrases. Thus the phrase \"say again\" could replace any of the following:\n\n Could not hear what you said, please repeat!\n I did not understand, say that again.\n Too much noise, repeat what you said!\n I am having difficulty hearing what you are saying! Please repeat what you were trying to say.\n There is too much noise on the line - I cannot understand you.\n What did you say?\n\nA simplified vocabulary also helps overcome static, since the phrase \"say again\" is always two words and three syllables, no matter how much it is blurred by that static.\n\nReferences\n\nSee also \n Basic English \n Number of words in English\n NATO alphabet\n\nExternal links \n Prolingua, the company where Edward Johnson worked on SeaSpeak, AirSpeak, etc.\n\nEnglish for specific purposes\nNaval signals" ]

[ "Sid Caesar", "Death", "When did Sid Caesar die?", "February 12, 2014", "What was his cause of death?", "after a short illness.", "How did people react to his death?", "Carl Reiner said, \"He was the ultimate, he was the very best sketch artist and comedian that ever existed.\"", "What did other people say about him?", "Mel Brooks commented, \"Sid Caesar was a giant, maybe the best comedian who ever practiced the trade.", "What else can you tell me from the article?", "Jon Stewart and The Daily Show paid tribute to Caesar at the show's close on February 12, 2014.", "What did he say in the tribute?", "I don't know." ]

[ "Anyone Else may refer to:\n \"Anyone Else\" (Collin Raye song), 1999\n \"Anyone Else\" (Matt Cardle song), 2012", "In English folklore, the Apple Tree Man is the name given to the spirit of the oldest apple tree in an orchard, and in whom the fertility of the orchard is thought to reside. Tales about the Apple Tree Man were collected by the folklorist Ruth Tongue in the cider-producing county of Somerset. In one story a man offers his last mug of mulled cider to the trees in his orchard on Christmas Eve (a reflection of the custom and ritual of apple wassailing). He is rewarded by the Apple Tree Man who reveals to him the location of buried gold, more than enough to pay his rent.\n\nIn another tale a farm cat was curious to explore some fields that people avoided working because they were haunted by ghosts and witches. She set out one day and got as far as the orchard when the Apple Tree Man cautioned her to go back home, because folks were coming to pour cider for his roots and shoot guns to drive away the witches. He persuaded her not to go wandering around at night until St. Tibb's Eve, and she never did because she did not know when St. Tibb's Eve was, nor did anyone else.\n\nSee also\nApple (symbolism)\nGreen Man\nVegetation deity\nWish tree\n\nReferences\n\nEnglish folklore\nTrees in mythology\nApples\nChristmas characters" ]

[ "Sid Caesar", "Death", "When did Sid Caesar die?", "February 12, 2014", "What was his cause of death?", "after a short illness.", "How did people react to his death?", "Carl Reiner said, \"He was the ultimate, he was the very best sketch artist and comedian that ever existed.\"", "What did other people say about him?", "Mel Brooks commented, \"Sid Caesar was a giant, maybe the best comedian who ever practiced the trade.", "What else can you tell me from the article?", "Jon Stewart and The Daily Show paid tribute to Caesar at the show's close on February 12, 2014.", "What did he say in the tribute?", "I don't know.", "Did anyone else pay tribute to him?", "Vanity Fair republished a brief tribute written by Billy Crystal in August 2005," ]

[ "So Amazing may refer to:\n\nSongs\n \"So Amazing\" (song), by Luther Vandross, originally performed by Dionne Warwick, for the 1983 album How Many Times Can We Say Goodbye and covered by many other artists\n \"So Amazing\", by Boyz II Men from the 2000 compilation album The Ballad Collection\n \"So Amazing\", by 50 Cent from the 2005 album The Massacre\n \"So Amazing\", by Jagged Edge from the 2006 album Jagged Edge\n \"So Amazing\", by Livin Out Loud from the 2006 album What About Us, a tribute to the victims of Hurricane Katrina\n\nAlbums\n So Amazing: An All-Star Tribute to Luther Vandross, 2005 tribute album to singer Luther Vandross\n So Amazin', 2006 album by Christina Milian\n So Amazing (Planetshakers album), 2001 live album by Australian Christian rock band Planetshakers\n\nSee also \n It's So Amazing, a 1999 children's book about pregnancy and childbirth", "\"Boys! (What Did the Detective Say?)\" is the debut single by Australian rock band the Sports. The song was written by band members Stephen Cummings and Ed Bates and produced by Joe Camilleri. Released in March 1978 as the lead single from the band's debut studio album Reckless (1978), the song peaked at number 55 on the Australian Kent Music Report.\n\nJohn Magowan of Woroni described the song as \"adolescent bravado\".\n\nTrack listing\n Australian 7\" single (K 7089)\nSide A \"Boys! (What Did the Detective Say?)\" - 2:25\nSide B \"Modern Don Juan\"\n\nCharts\n\nReferences\n\n1978 songs\n1978 debut singles\nThe Sports songs\nSong recordings produced by Joe Camilleri\nMushroom Records singles\nSongs written by Stephen Cummings" ]

[ "Napalm Death", "The Code Is Red... to Time Waits for No Slave (2004-2011)" ]

[ "The Code Is Red...Long Live the Code is Napalm Death's eleventh studio album and was recorded at Foel Studio, Llanfair Caerinion with producer Russ Russell. It was released on 25 April 2005. A music video for \"Silence Is Deafening\", directed by Roger Johansson, was released later that year.\n\nSome editions of the album were released with a bonus disc that contains material from a variety of death metal bands, such as Aborted. The Napalm Death song \"Silence Is Deafening\" is the first track on the compilation.\n\nThe album features guest appearances by Jello Biafra of Dead Kennedys, Jamey Jasta of Hatebreed, and Jeffrey Walker of Carcass.\n\nIn 2017, Decibel released a special magazine issue relating to the 30th Anniversary of Napalm Death. This issue included a Decibel Magazine Hall of Fame induction for The Code Is Red... Long Live the Code.\n\nTrack listing\n\nPersonnel\n\nNapalm Death\n Mark \"Barney\" Greenway – vocals\n Shane Embury – bass, rhythm guitar (14), backing vocals\n Mitch Harris – lead guitar, backing vocals, video direction, video editing\n Danny Herrera – drums\n\nAdditional musicians\n Jello Biafra – vocals (7)\n Jamey Jasta – vocals (6, 8)\n Jeffrey Walker – vocals (12)\n\nTechnical personnel\n Russ Russell – production, recording, mixing, mastering\n Dave Anderson – assistant production, assistant recording, assistant mixing\n Winter – recording (7), engineering (7)\n Billy Gould – assistant recording (7), assistant engineering (7)\n\nReferences\n\nNapalm Death albums\nCentury Media Records albums\n2005 albums", "The End Is Not the End is the third full-length album by the Christian rock band House of Heroes. It was released September 23, 2008. After touring for their album, Say No More, the band announced on their MySpace page that they were working on new material. They posted pictures of themselves recording in a studio with supposed ex-member, A.J. Babcock. The band clarified that Babcock is recording vocals and is still contributing musically to the band. A.J. is now listed as the bassist and Jared is now listed as a guitarist.\n\nThe band released a sampler on their MySpace of 15 short clips of every song on The End is Not the End. The band released the songs \"Code Name Raven\", \"Leave You Now\" and \"Lose Control\". The band has also released free tracks, via www.freehoh.com, which includes \"By Your Side\", \"In the Valley of the Dying Sun\", and \"Sooner or Later\". The band revealed the official track list and cover art on Zambooie.com when the band made their CD available for pre-order.\n\nRelease\nThe official release date of The End is Not the End was September 23, 2008. Due to distribution issues, the album was only available on iTunes and at live shows at the time. The album is now available on most retailers websites, just not in the actual store. The \"online\"-store bought version includes two bonus tracks titled \"New Moon\", and \"Ghost.\" Both of those songs are also on their digital EP The Acoustic End EP.\n\nReception\n\nThe End Is Not the End has been very well received by critics. SputnikMusic.com rated it five stars, saying \"There is hardly any band out there who is daring enough to make an album quite as grandiose as this, and only one in my book who could ever succeed.\" Jesus Freak Hideout also rated it five stars, saying, \"Look for it on a lot of industry top tens at year's end. But you heard it here first . . . The End Is Not the End is easily the best record of 2008.\" In an unrated review for AllMusic, Paula Carino wrote that the release finds \"the emo band cleaning up their production, beefing up their riffs, and at the same time creating more depth and nuance in their writing\" and later stating that it reflects an \"admirable creative evolution, and promising untold growth in the future.\"\n\nTrack listing\n\n2008 release\n\"Intro\" – 0:32\nStringed-instrument part of the instrumental interlude in \"Baby's a Red\"\n\"If\" – 3:15\n\"Lose Control\" – 3:47\n\"Leave You Now\" – 3:02\n\"Dangerous\" – 3:46\n\"In the Valley of the Dying Sun\" – 4:33\n\"Code Name: Raven\" – 4:10\n\"By Your Side\" – 3:44\n\"Journey into Space (Part One)\" – 4:00\n\"Sooner or Later\" – 3:43\n\"Baby's a Red\" – 3:38\n\"Drown\" – 3:07\n\"Faces\" – 3:23\n\"Voices\" – 4:31\n\"Field of Daggers\" – 5:27\n\"The Young and the Brutal\" – 2:46\n\n2009 CD release\n\"Intro\" – 0:32\nStringed-instrument part of the instrumental interlude in \"Baby's a Red\"\n\"If\" – 3:15\n\"Lose Control\" – 3:47\n\"Leave You Now\" – 3:02\n\"Dangerous\" – 3:46\n\"In the Valley of the Dying Sun\" – 4:33\n\"Code Name: Raven\" – 4:10\n\"By Your Side\" – 3:44\n\"Journey into Space (Part One)\" – 4:00\n\"Sooner or Later\" – 3:43\n\"Baby's a Red\" – 3:38\n\"Drown\" – 3:07\n\"Faces\" – 3:23\n\"Voices\" – 4:31\n\"Field of Daggers\" – 8:44\n\"New Moon\" – 3:40\n\"Ghost\" – 4:42\n\nReferences\n\nHouse of Heroes albums\nMono vs Stereo albums\n2008 albums" ]

[ "Napalm Death", "The Code Is Red... to Time Waits for No Slave (2004-2011)", "is The Code is Red one of their albums", "In April 2005, their next album The Code Is Red...Long Live the Code was released." ]

[ "Minecraft: The Unlikely Tale of Markus \"Notch\" Persson and the Game That Changed Everything is a book written by Daniel Goldberg and Linus Larsson (and translated by Jennifer Hawkins) about the story of Minecraft and its creator, Markus \"Notch\" Persson. The book was released on October 17, 2013.\n\nContent \nThe book describes how Persson was inspired by games like Dungeon Keeper, Dwarf Fortress, and Infiniminer, and how Persson was convinced that he was onto something big even from the very beginning. It also described how Persson documented the development openly and in continual dialogue with other players.\n\nReferences\n\n2013 non-fiction books\n2013 in video gaming\nBooks about video games\nMinecraft\nMinecraft in popular culture", "How to Be Very, Very Popular is a 1955 comedy film written, produced and directed by Nunnally Johnson. The film starred Betty Grable in her final film role and Sheree North in her first leading role.\n\nJohnson later said \"I don't much like to think of How To Be Very, Very Popular because it brought fame and fortune to nobody. It was just a lousy mistake on everybody's part. \"\n\nPlot\nStormy Tornado and Curly Flagg are two showgirls from a San Francisco cabaret who witness the murder of one of their fellow performers and can identify the killer. Not wanting to get mixed up in a murder rap, the girls flee the scene and hide out at Bristol College, disguising themselves as boys. However the need for attention makes the girls want to stand out in their stage costumes and then the trouble begins.\n\nCast\n\nBetty Grable as Stormy Tornado\nSheree North as Curly Flagg\nBob Cummings as Fillmore \"Wedge\" Wedgewood\nCharles Coburn as Dr. Tweed\nTommy Noonan as Eddie Jones\nOrson Bean as Toby Marshall\nFred Clark as B.J. Marshall\nCharlotte Austin as Midge\nAlice Pearce as Miss \"Syl\" Sylvester\nRhys Williams as Cedric Flagg\nAndrew Tombes as Sergeant Moon\nNoel Toy as Cherry Blossom Wang\nEmory Parnell as Police chief\n\nBackground\nHow to Be Very, Very Popular was the third adaptation derived from the 1933 novel She Loves Me Not by Edward Hope. The novel was first made into the 1934 Paramount comedy She Loves Me Not which starred Miriam Hopkins as Curly Flagg and co-starred Bing Crosby. That was then remade as True to the Army for Paramount in 1942. How to Be Very, Very Popular was based on the Broadway adaptation of She Loves Me Not by Howard Lindsay which was adapted from the original Edward Hope (Edward Hope Coffey) novel. It was also based on a second play, Sleep It Off, which was about a woman hypnotised for 24 hours.\n\nIt was written, produced and directed by Nunnally Johnson who had written and produced How to Marry a Millionaire. Johnson called Popular \"an old fashioned farce. Wacky.\" He said he felt like making a comedy after doing two dramas, Night People and Black Widow.\n\nThe character of Curly Flagg was the lead in She Loves Me Not but was made the secondary character to Stormy Tornado in How to Be Very, Very Popular to accommodate Betty Grable. She had been the number one box office attraction throughout the 1940s and early 50s with her films making enormous amounts of money for 20th Century Fox.\n\nNunnally Johnson said he wrote the script for Grable and Marilyn Monroe who had previously starred together in How to Marry a Millionaire (1953) which is credited for basically creating the changeover in who was the top star at Fox. Grable was the top star in the 1940s and Monroe would become the top star of the 50s. However, there was no rivalry between the two bombshells, in fact Grable is said to have famously told Monroe, \"go and get yours honey! I've had mine\". The two became friends after that.\n\nIn December 1954 Fox announced the film would star Monroe. Sleep It Off was an alternative title. However Monroe refused to make the movie. In January 1955 the studio suspended her and replaced her with Sheree North who had been meant to appear in a film called Pink Tights.\n\nJohnson said North had \"been in the bull pen warming up too long and I'll hope she'll emerge from this a star. To date she's just been a threat but she's good looking and frank as they come.\"\n\nJohnson later said in an interview he was \"handed\" North, and knew nothing about her. Johnson called the script \"a mess, and Sheree, nice little woman, but unbelievably untalented. Untalented in the sense that she couldn't do this. [Johnson looks from left to right] You know;, she had to do this. [Johnson looks left, looks down, looks up to the left]. Her eyes would go down like this. I'd say, \"Now; look, when you turn from him to her, can't you just look?\" She says, \"Isn't that what I'm doing?\" I said, \"No, this is what you're doing.\" With that kind of talent, it was hard to get anything out of her.\"\n\nIn the absence of Monroe, Fox offered the co starring role to Betty Grable. Robert Cummings then joined the cast.\n\nArcher MacDonald was meant to play a key role but was hospitalised for ulcers and replaced by Tommy Noonan.\n\nJonhson reflected \"Betty was good as always, but its only distinction, if you want to call it that, is that I'm convinced that Billy Wilder pinched the plot.\" Wilder would make Some Like It Hot with Monroe, which had a similar plot — two male entertainers witness a murder, then flee disguised as women.\n\nSong credit\nSong \"How to Be Very, Very Popular\" by Jule Styne and Sammy Cahn\nVocal Supervision    Ken Darby\nOrchestration    Edward B. Powell        Skip Martin\n\nReception\nAt the time of its release, How to Be Very, Very Popular was greeted with mixed to positive press. Betty Grable's performance was generally praised, whereas newcomer Sheree North's performance drew less impressive notices. North appeared on the cover of LIFE just before the film's release. It enjoyed reasonable success, earning an estimated $1.65 million in rentals at the North American box office during its first year of release.\n\nSee also\nList of American films of 1955\n\nReferences\n\nNotes\n\nExternal links\n\nHow to Be Very, Very Popular at TV Guide (1987 write-up was originally published in The Motion Picture Guide)\n\n1955 films\n1955 comedy films\n20th Century Fox films\nAmerican films\nAmerican comedy films\nRemakes of American films\nAmerican films based on plays\nCross-dressing in American films\nEnglish-language films\nFilms based on American novels\nFilms directed by Nunnally Johnson\nFilms scored by Cyril J. Mockridge\nFilms set in universities and colleges\nFilms with screenplays by Nunnally Johnson\nCinemaScope films" ]

[ "Napalm Death", "The Code Is Red... to Time Waits for No Slave (2004-2011)", "is The Code is Red one of their albums", "In April 2005, their next album The Code Is Red...Long Live the Code was released.", "How popular was it", "I don't know." ]

[ "Time Waits for No One may refer to:\n\n \"Time Waits for No One\", a 1970 Neil Sedaka song, popularized by The Friends of Distinction\n \"Time Waits for No One\", a 1974 Rolling Stones song\n Time Waits for No One: Anthology 1971–1977, a 1979 Rolling Stones compilation album named after the song\n \"Time Waits for No One\", a 1980 The Jacksons song from Triumph\n Time Waits for No One, a 1989 album by American singer Mavis Staples\n Time Waits for No One, a 2019 re-released remix for the 1986 Freddie Mercury song \"Time\"\n \"Time Waits for No One\", a song from the 1944 musical film Shine On, Harvest Moon", "The discography of the American rock musician Tom Waits spans five decades. It consists of 17 studio albums, 3 live albums, 7 compilation albums, 23 singles, 2 soundtracks and 1 box set. Waits has also released one video album and 16 music videos.\n\nWaits's debut release was the 1973 single \"Ol' '55\", which was the lead single for his debut album Closing Time (1973). He began recording in 1971, but these first sessions would not be released until the beginning of the 1990s. For most of the 1970s he recorded for Asylum Records. After cutting his first soundtrack album for the Francis Ford Coppola musical film One from the Heart, Waits signed with Island Records for the 1980s.\n\nThe release of Bone Machine in 1992 brought him a Grammy Award, after a less prolific decade. After Island Records, Waits moved to Anti/Epitaph for Mule Variations, an album that won him a second Grammy. Since the mid-1980s, he has collaborated with his partner Kathleen Brennan. His latest studio album, titled Bad as Me, was released in 2011.\n\nAs of 2011, according to Nielsen Soundscan, Waits has sold 4.6 million albums in the United States.\n\nDiscography\n\nAlbums\n\nStudio albums\n\nSoundtrack albums\n\nLive albums\n\nCompilation albums\n\nBox sets\n\nSingles\n\nRetail singles\n\nPromotional singles\n\nOther appearances\n\nStudio\n\nLive\n\nFeatured artist and guest spots\n\nOther \n1987 Smack My Crack: \"The Pontiac\", spoken-word piece\n1993 Born to Choose: \"Filipino Box Spring Hog\", earlier release of Mule Variations song\n2007 People Take Warning! Murder Ballads and Disaster Songs 1913–1938, by various artists: Waits wrote the introduction for this 3 CD reissue anthology produced by Christopher King and Henry \"Hank\" Sapoznik\n2011 Hard Ground by Michael O'Brien: contributed poems to accompany photographs of homeless people in Austin, Texas taken by Michael O'Brien\n\nMusic videos\n\nVideo albums\n\nReferences\n\nDiscography\nDiscographies of American artists\nRock music discographies" ]

[ "Napalm Death", "The Code Is Red... to Time Waits for No Slave (2004-2011)", "is The Code is Red one of their albums", "In April 2005, their next album The Code Is Red...Long Live the Code was released.", "How popular was it", "I don't know.", "When did they release Time Waits for No Slave", "January 2009." ]

[ "The Revolt Tour was a tour by rap rock band Hollywood Undead, taking place in support of their second studio album American Tragedy, which was released on April 5, 2011. The tour began the day after the album's North American release on April 6, 2011. The tour follows their supporting role in Bullet for my Valentine's Fever Tour in late 2010 and Avenged Sevenfold's Nightmare After Christmas Tour in early 2011. It is the band's first headlining promotional tour following their 2009 touring in support of their 2008 debut album, Swan Songs.\n\nThe tour began in Boston, Massachusetts on April 6, 2011 and concluded on May 27 in Des Moines, Iowa. The tour venues consisted mainly of \"House of Blues\" locations along with other various venues along the way. Following the Revolt Tour, Hollywood Undead played several festivals then headlined a second major tour, the Endless Summer Tour, where they were joined by All That Remains beginning on July 9, 2011. Supporting act All That Remains was in the tour in support of their album, For We Are Many.\n\nSet list\n{{hidden\n| headercss = background: #ccccff; font-size: 100%; width: 65%;\n| contentcss = text-align: left; font-size: 100%; width: 75%;\n| header = Hollywood Undead (headliner)\n| content = \n \"Undead\"\n \"Sell Your Soul\"\n \"Been to Hell\"\n \"Bottle and a Gun\"\n \"Gangsta Sexy\" (performed in place of \"Bottle and a Gun\" on certain tour dates)\n \"California\"\n \"City\"\n \"Black Dahlia\"\n \"Comin' in Hot\"\n \"Paradise Lost\"\n \"My Town\"\n \"No. 5\"\n \"Young\"\n\nEncore\n \"Everywhere I Go\"\n \"Hear Me Now\"\n}}\n\nTour dates\n\nSupport acts\n10 Years\nDrive-A\nNew Medicine\n\nExternal links\nOfficial tour website\n\nReferences \n\n2011 concert tours", "Twentysevens (styled as twentysevens) are an Australian blues rock band, best known for being the support act during Status Quo's 2006 Winter Tour, consisting of 31 dates in major UK venues.\n\nHistory\nMembers of various other bands Steve Tyson, John Barr and Dave Parnell met up in summer 2005 to write an album without the pressures of touring. The album Songs From the Middle Ages was recorded in guitarist and vocalist Tyson's studio and released in Australia in early 2006.\n\nThe album received solid radio support across the country, and in May 2006, the band were invited to support Foreigner on their Australian tour. They also supported Status Quo during their show at Twin Towns in Queensland. Status Quo subsequently asked the band to support them on their full 31-date tour of the United Kingdom.\n\nTo commemorate this, the band went back to the studio and recorded some additional tracks for their 2006 EP Diplomatic, which was sold in all venues on the tour.\n\nA DVD of the tour, Keeping up with the Status Quo, was released alongside their upcoming album Sex Politics and Religion in October 2008.\n\nDiscography\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nOfficial website\nKeeping up with the Status Quo Official Website\n\nAustralian blues rock groups" ]

[ "Napalm Death", "The Code Is Red... to Time Waits for No Slave (2004-2011)", "is The Code is Red one of their albums", "In April 2005, their next album The Code Is Red...Long Live the Code was released.", "How popular was it", "I don't know.", "When did they release Time Waits for No Slave", "January 2009.", "Did they tour in support of the album", "\"World Domination Tour" ]

[ "That Was Then This Is Now may refer to:\n\nThat Was Then, This Is Now, a 1971 novel by S. E. Hinton\nThat Was Then... This Is Now, a 1985 film based on Hinton's novel\nThat Was Then, This Is Now (radio series), a BBC Radio 2 comedy sketch series\n\nMusic \nThat Was Then, This Is Now (Tha Dogg Pound album), 2009\n\"That Was Then, This Is Now\" (The James Cleaver Quintet album), 2011\nThat Was Then This Is Now (Wain McFarlane album), 2001\nThat Was Then, This Is Now, Vol. 1 (1999) and That Was Then, This Is Now, Vol. 2 (2000), studio albums by American rapper Frost\nThat Was Then, This Is Now (Andy Timmons album), an album by Andy Timmons\n\"That Was Then, This Is Now\" (song), a 1986 song by The Mosquitos, also covered by The Monkees\nThat Was Then, This Is Now, an album by Chasen\nThat Was Then, This Is Now (Josh Wilson album), 2015\n\nSee also\n\"That Was Then but This Is Now\", a 1983 song by ABC\nIf Not Now Then When?, an album by Ethan Johns\nIf Not Now Then When, an album by The Motels\nIf Not Now, When? (disambiguation)", "The 1976 Horsham District Council election took place on 6 May 1976 to elect members of Horsham District Council in England. It was held on the same day as other local elections. The Conservatives won a majority of 9 on the council, gaining from Independent. In a number of seats, candidates who stood as an Independent in 1973, when these seats were last contested, stood again as a Conservative Party candidate. Residents' association won their first seat to the council, winning a seat in Henfield. The Liberal Party lost both of their seats from the previous election three years ago.\n\nCouncil Composition \n\nPrior to the election, the composition of the council was:\n\nAfter the election, the composition of the council was:\n\nResults summary\n\nWard results\n\nAshington & Washington\n\nBillingshurst\n\nGriffin C. stood as a Conservative candidate and Longhurst K. stood as an Independent in 1973, when this seat was last contested.\n\nBramber & Upper Beeding\n\nBroadbridge Heath\n\nCowfold\n\nHenfield\n\nHorsham South\n\nHorsham West\n\nHorsham North\n\nNuthurst\n\nMackenzie J. was elected as an Independent unopposed when this seat was last contested.\n\nPulborough & Coldwatham\n\nRoffey\n\nBosanquet D. was elected as an Independent in 1973, when this seat was last contested.\n\nRudgwick\n\nRusper\n\nPhelps A. Ms. was elected unopposed as an Independent in 1973, when this seat was last contested.\n\nShipley\n\nSlinfold\n\nSouthwater\n\nSteyning\n\nStorrington\n\nSullington\n\nThakeham\n\nWarnham\n\nHodgson A. was elected unopposed as an Independent in 1973, when this seat was last contested.\n\nWest Chiltington\n\nGardner J. was elected unopposed as an Independent in 1973, when this seat was last contested.\n\nWest Grinstead\n\nReferences\n\n1976 English local elections\nMay 1976 events in the United Kingdom\n1976\n1970s in West Sussex" ]

[ "Napalm Death", "The Code Is Red... to Time Waits for No Slave (2004-2011)", "is The Code is Red one of their albums", "In April 2005, their next album The Code Is Red...Long Live the Code was released.", "How popular was it", "I don't know.", "When did they release Time Waits for No Slave", "January 2009.", "Did they tour in support of the album", "\"World Domination Tour", "When was this", "2007 \"" ]

[ "Not Your Average Travel Guide (NYATG) is a travel show on the Travel Channel, it airs Saturdays at 10 p.m. and 10:30 p.m. ET/PT. It is hosted by seven different \"Travel Guides\", Bill Delano, Brian Knappenberger, Carrie Lederer, Kate Ward, Shane O, Joseph Van Harken, and Brad Hasse. The show features a specific city in each episode lasting approximately 30 minutes. The show attempts to give an unconventional personal tour of the world, also featured during the show are small travel tips and facts. The show debuted on November 17, 2006 at 8 p.m. ET/PT.\n\nFormat\n\nThere's more History\nA view of the historical places in the city.\n\nHow to get around\nThe best way to get around the city and usually most economical.\n\nMeat and Potatoes\nPlaces and sites everyone has to see in a city. These are usually tourist heavy places.\n\nEat Here\nDifferent kinds of local food and restaurants to visit.\n\nCulture Vulture\nA local expert in the culture that shows the tour guide and viewers additional history and little know/off the beaten path locations.\n\nOnline on the Move\nThis segment the tour guide will go find internet access in the city, usually an internet cafe or the hotel they're staying at. Then they read posts from the official forums by viewers who have visited the location being featured, and see where the viewers think they should go and what they need to see.\n\nWhat's Happening\nEvent's going on in the city, whether it be annually or daily.\n\nExternal links\nNYATG's official website.\nNYATG's official forums.\n \n\nTravel Channel original programming", "The Bob Dylan England Tour 1965 was a concert tour by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan during late April and early May 1965. The tour was widely documented by filmmaker D. A. Pennebaker, who used the footage of the tour in his documentary Dont Look Back.\n\nTour dates\n\nSet lists \nAs Dylan was still playing exclusively folk music live, much of the material performed during this tour was written pre-1965. Each show was divided into two halves, with seven songs performed during the first, and eight during the second. The set consisted of two songs from The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan, three from The Times They Are a-Changin', three from Another Side of Bob Dylan, a comic-relief concert staple; \"If You Gotta Go, Go Now\", issued as a single in Europe, and six songs off his then-recent album, Bringing It All Back Home, including the second side in its entirety.\n\n First half\n\"The Times They Are a-Changin'\"\n\"To Ramona\"\n\"Gates of Eden\"\n\"If You Gotta Go, Go Now (or Else You Got to Stay All Night)\"\n\"It's Alright, Ma (I'm Only Bleeding)\"\n\"Love Minus Zero/No Limit\"\n\"Mr. Tambourine Man\"\n\nSecond Half\n\"Talkin' World War III Blues\"\n\"Don't Think Twice, It's All Right\"\n\"With God on Our Side\"\n\"She Belongs to Me\"\n\"It Ain't Me Babe\"\n\"The Lonesome Death of Hattie Carroll\"\n\"All I Really Want to Do\"\n\"It's All Over Now, Baby Blue\"\n\nSet list per Olof Bjorner.\n\nAftermath \nJoan Baez accompanied him on the tour, but she was never invited to play with him in concert. In fact, they did not tour together again until 1975. After this tour, Dylan was hailed as a hero of folk music, but two months later, at the 1965 Newport Folk Festival, he would alienate his fans and go electric. Dylan was the only artist apart from the Beatles to sell out the De Montfort Hall in the 1960s. Even the Rolling Stones did not sell out this venue.\n\nReferences \n\nHoward Sounes: Down the Highway. The Life of Bob Dylan.. 2001.\n\nExternal links \n Bjorner's Still on the Road 1965: Tour dates & set lists\n\nBob Dylan concert tours\n1965 concert tours\nConcert tours of the United Kingdom\n1965 in England" ]

[ "Napalm Death", "The Code Is Red... to Time Waits for No Slave (2004-2011)", "is The Code is Red one of their albums", "In April 2005, their next album The Code Is Red...Long Live the Code was released.", "How popular was it", "I don't know.", "When did they release Time Waits for No Slave", "January 2009.", "Did they tour in support of the album", "\"World Domination Tour", "When was this", "2007 \"", "What places did they go during this tour", "I don't know." ]

[ "Beginning in 1994, Elton John toured extensively with Billy Joel on a series of Face to Face tours, making them the longest running and most successful concert tandem in pop music history. During these shows, the two have played their own songs, each other's songs and performed duets. They grossed over US $46 million in just 24 days in their sold out 2003 tour. John and Joel resumed the Face to Face tour in March 2009 and it ended again, at least for the time being, in March 2010. Joel denied rumors in the trade press that he canceled a summer 2010 leg of the tour, claiming there were never any dates booked and that he intended to take the year off. Joel stated in 2012 that he would no longer tour with John because it restrains his setlists.\n\nThe 1994 tour proved a major success playing to huge audiences in packed stadiums across the U.S. starting in East Coast America and ending in South East America.\n\nTour dates\n\nSetlist\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n Information Site with Tour Dates\n\n1994 concert tours\nBilly Joel concert tours\nCo-headlining concert tours\nElton John concert tours", "The Meet You There Tour was the third headlining concert tour by Australian band 5 Seconds of Summer in support of their third studio album Youngblood. The tour began in Osaka, Japan on August 2, 2018, and concluded in Madrid, Spain on November 19, 2018.\n\nA live recording was released on 21 December 2018 under the title Meet You There Tour Live.\n\nBackground \nFollowing their March 2018 to June 2018 5SOS III promotional world tour which sold out within three minutes and was praised by critics, the band announced that they would be embarking on another world tour in support of their third studio album, Youngblood.\n\nThe band announced the North America dates on April 13, 2018. They announced the Australian dates on May 21, 2018. The European dates were added on June 8, 2018. Additional UK dates were added for Glasgow, Manchester and London on June 14, 2018.\n\nSetlist \nThe following setlist is from the first show of the tour on August 2, 2018 in Osaka, Japan. It is not intended to represent all concerts for 5 Seconds Of Summer’s “Meet You There” tour:\n\n “Babylon” \n ”Talk Fast” \n “Moving Along” \n “Girls Talk Boys”\n “She’s Kinda Hot”\n “Waste The Night” \n “More” \n “Better Man” \n “If Walls Could Talk” \n “Ghost Of You” \n “Amnesia”\n “The Only Reason” \n “Lie to Me” \n “Why Won’t You Love Me” \n “Valentine” \n “Meet You There” \n “Jet Black Heart”\n “Want You Back” \nEncore\n “She Looks So Perfect”\n“Youngblood”\nOther songs\n “Champagne Supernova” by Oasis was played on the second Manchester show (27 October 2018)\n “Wherever You Are” was performed at the Paris show (13 November 2018)\n\nTour dates\n\nPersonnel\n Luke Hemmings – lead vocals, guitar, piano\n Calum Hood – bass guitar, keyboard, vocals\n Michael Clifford – guitar, vocals, piano\n Ashton Irwin – drums, percussion, vocals\n\nReferences\n\n2018 concert tours\n5 Seconds of Summer concert tours\nConcert tours of Japan\nConcert tours of New Zealand\nConcert tours of Australia\nConcert tours of Canada\nConcert tours of the United States\nConcert tours of the United Kingdom\nConcert tours of Belgium\nConcert tours of the Netherlands\nConcert tours of Germany\nConcert tours of Denmark\nConcert tours of Norway\nConcert tours of Sweden\nConcert tours of France\nConcert tours of Switzerland\nConcert tours of Italy\nConcert tours of Spain" ]

[ "Napalm Death", "The Code Is Red... to Time Waits for No Slave (2004-2011)", "is The Code is Red one of their albums", "In April 2005, their next album The Code Is Red...Long Live the Code was released.", "How popular was it", "I don't know.", "When did they release Time Waits for No Slave", "January 2009.", "Did they tour in support of the album", "\"World Domination Tour", "When was this", "2007 \"", "What places did they go during this tour", "I don't know.", "were there any other tours", "\". They played a series of headline shows" ]

[ "\"Count in Fives\" is a song by English rock band the Horrors, released in October 2006 by Loog Records as a single from their debut album, Strange House.\n\nContent \nThe song is about vocalist Faris Badwan's childhood obsession with arranging things in groups of five. The B-side, \"A Knife in Their Eye\", featured lyrics written by Badwan set to music by the Monks.\n\nMusic video \nThe music video featured people using sign language to \"act out\" the music and lyrics of the song. A minor controversy erupted when it was discovered that part of the song (the intro and verse) was an uncredited replica of We the People's \"My Brother, the Man\".\n\nRelease \nLike other singles by the band, it could not chart as it came packaged with stickers.\n\nReception \nMojo described the single as a \"glorious piece of Farfisa organ-led madness\". Drowned in Sound's Dom Gourlay wrote: \"if I was sixteen again, I'd be going nuts for something like this, particularly so in the current climate of market-orientated alternative music like the Kooks, the Feeling and Razorlight. For that reason alone, The Horrors are as important as anything else you care to mention at this moment in time: 'Count in Fives' is loud, fast, sharp and exciting, if not exactly new – you can find this sort of thing on any retrospective Pebbles _or Nuggets _compilation of the last 40 years – yet at the same time there's no one else out there making a similar racket, or indeed impact, in such a short space of time.\"\n\nTrack listing \n\n 7\" 1\n \"Count in Fives\"\n \"Who Says?\"\n\n 7\" 2\n \"Count in Fives\"\n \"A Knife in Their Eye\"\n\nReferences \n\n2006 singles\n2007 songs\nThe Horrors songs\n\nlt:Count in Fives", "Benjamin F. Royal was a state senator in Alabama during the Reconstruction era. He was elected to the state senate in 1868, and was the first African American to serve in the chamber. He represented Bullock County and served for nine years. He served as a Republican, and had stated that \"he could as well be an infidel as to be anything else than a Republican\". He was a Union League organizer.\n\nHe was born to a white father and a mother who had been a slave.\n\nReferences\n\nYear of birth missing\nAlabama state senators\nReconstruction Era" ]

[ "Napalm Death", "The Code Is Red... to Time Waits for No Slave (2004-2011)", "is The Code is Red one of their albums", "In April 2005, their next album The Code Is Red...Long Live the Code was released.", "How popular was it", "I don't know.", "When did they release Time Waits for No Slave", "January 2009.", "Did they tour in support of the album", "\"World Domination Tour", "When was this", "2007 \"", "What places did they go during this tour", "I don't know.", "were there any other tours", "\". They played a series of headline shows", "Was there anything else important during this time", "On 27 August 2006, Jesse Pintado died" ]

[ "REACT or React may refer to:\n\nScience and technology\nREACT (telescope), a telescope at Fenton Hill Observatory, New Mexico, US\n\nComputing\n React (JavaScript library) , a JavaScript library for building user interfaces, from Facebook \n React Native, a mobile application framework created by Facebook\n ReactOS, an open-source operating system compatible with Microsoft Windows\n\nArts and entertainment\n React (book), originally Reacciona, a 2011 Spanish-language book\n React (media franchise), a metaseries of web videos created by the Fine Brothers\n React to That, a Nickelodeon TV series based on the first two React series\n\nMusic\n React (band), a 1990s American boys band made of Tim Cruz and Daniel Matrium\n React Music Limited, a 1990s London based dance record label\n\nAlbums and songs\n React (The Fixx album), a 1987 live album by the band The Fixx \n React (Erick Sermon album), a 2002 album by rapper Erick Sermon\n \"React\" (Erick Sermon song), a song from the album\n React (Robert Rich and Ian Boddy album), a 2008 album by electronic musicians Robert Rich and Ian Boddy\n \"React\" (Onyx song), a song by Onyx on their 1998 album Shut 'Em Down\n \"React\" (The Pussycat Dolls song), a 2020 song by the Pussycat Dolls\n\nOrganizations\n Radio Emergency Associated Communication Teams, a volunteer radio emergency service across the US and Canada\n Rapid Enforcement Allied Computer Team, a task force of the High Technology Theft Apprehension and Prosecution Program, California, US\n\nOther uses\n Rapid Execution and Combat Targeting System, the command and control system of the US for nuclear intercontinental ballistic missiles\n Remote Electronically Activated Control Technology belt (REACT belt), a restraint device\n\nSee also\n Reaction (disambiguation)", "REACT was an American boy band made up of Tim Cruz and Daniel Meteryeon.\n\nREACT had a Top 10 hit on the dance charts with \"Let's Go All The Way\". After REACT disbanded, its member Tim Cruz joined yet another boy band, a success internationally, particularly in Germany called B3. B3 had a string of hits between 2001 and 2004 and now Tim Cruz is signed as a solo act to Fearless Management.\n\nDiscography\n\nSingles\n1998: \"Let's Go All The Way\"\n1998: \"Can't Keep My Hands Off You\" #43 R&R Pop\n\nSee also\nB3 (band)\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nTim Cruz page on Fearless Management site\n\nAmerican boy bands" ]

[ "Napalm Death", "The Code Is Red... to Time Waits for No Slave (2004-2011)", "is The Code is Red one of their albums", "In April 2005, their next album The Code Is Red...Long Live the Code was released.", "How popular was it", "I don't know.", "When did they release Time Waits for No Slave", "January 2009.", "Did they tour in support of the album", "\"World Domination Tour", "When was this", "2007 \"", "What places did they go during this tour", "I don't know.", "were there any other tours", "\". They played a series of headline shows", "Was there anything else important during this time", "On 27 August 2006, Jesse Pintado died", "How did the band react", "Mitch Harris to express his sadness at the loss of someone he thought of as \"a brother\"" ]

[ "Gran Hermano Dúo is the latest spin-off of the Spanish reality television Gran Hermano series. The first season was launched in January 2019 on Telecinco. Jorge Javier Vázquez is the host of this version of the show. Jordi González came back as the host of the weekly Debate. The format is that housemates will be entering in the house with a current or former relationship.\n\nHousemates \nThe first official housemates of the season, Kiko Rivera and Irene Rosales, were announced on 20 December 2018, during the finale of Gran Hermano VIP 6. The rest of the housemates were confirmed days later and, some of them, during the first program of the season.\n\nNominations table\n\nNotes\n This housemate was the Head of Household.\n This housemate was directly nominated for eviction prior to the regular nominations process.\n This housemate was granted immunity from nominations.\n\n : The housemates nominated the first pair with 3 points and the second pair with 1 point.\n : The HoH won the power to save one of the nominated pairs and replace them with another pair. Irene & Kiko decided not to use it.\n : The HoH won the power to save one of the nominees and replace him/her with another housemate. Fortu & Yoli decided to save Juanmi and nominate Antonio.\n : The HoH won the power to save one of the nominees and replace him/her with another housemate. Alejandro & Sofía decided to save Antonio and nominate M.ª Jesús.\n : Due to Antonio and Juanmi didn't have any pair, they were teamed up as a single pair.\n : The HoH won the power to save one of the nominees and replace him/her with another housemate. Irene & Kiko decided not to use it.\n : Fortu & Yoli won 3 extra points in to nominate in the weekly task.\n : The HoH won the power to save one of the nominees and replace him/her with another housemate. Antonio & Juanmi decided to save Alejandro and nominate Raquel.\n : Due to Alejandro and Yoli didn't have any pair, they were teamed up as a single pair.\n : The HoH won the power to save one of the nominees and replace him/her with another housemate. Irene & Kikko decided to save Antonio and nominate M.ª Jesús.\n : From this round all the housemates are participating individually and each one nominates with 3, 2 and 1 points.\n : The HoH won the power to save one of the nominees and replace him/her with another housemate. Ylenia decided not to use it.\n : The public voted among the evicted housemates and the 3 with most votes entered on Day 48. Candela, Fede and Sofía received the most votes to re-enter. \n : Sofía was exempt from nominations as she returned to the house as an official housemate.\n : On this round, the nominations were different. Each housemate had to pick a ball which had a different way of nominating. Kiko won HoH. Alejandro picked a ball that didn't let him nominate. Antonio picked a ball which let him nominate a housemate with 6 points. The rest of balls were ordinary nominations with 3, 2 and 1 point.\n : The HoH won the power to save one of the nominees and replace him/her with another housemate. Kiko decided to save Antonio and nominate Ylenia. \n : The HoH won the power to give 6 points to a housemate. Sofía decided to give them to Antonio.\n : The HoH won the power to watch all the nominations and to vote in last place.\n : This was the last round of nominations and the housemate's relatives nominated instead of themselves.\n : The public also nominated and gave 3 points to Sofía, 2 points to M.ª Jesús and 1 point to Alejandro.\n : Lines were opened to save a housemate. The housemate with fewest votes would be evicted.\n : Lines were opened to vote for the winner.\n\nNominations total received\n\nDebate: Blind results\n\nRepechage \nThe first 6 evicted housemates would face an online voting that will decide which 3 of them will return to the house as candidates to officially become as official housemates.\n\nThe repechage was officially announced on Day 45 (February 21, 2019). All the evicted housemates (Fede, Yurena, Candela, Sofía, Fortu and Yoli) faced the voting. The 3 most voted housemates entered the house on Day 48, while Fede was the housemate with fewest votes on Day 50 and Sofía was the most voted and became an official housemate on Day 52, therefore Candela was re-evicted.\n\nRatings\n\n\"Galas\"\n\n\"Debates\"\n\n\"Límite 48H\" / \"Límite 24H\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n Official site on Telecinco.es\n Gran Hermano Main Site\n\nGran Hermano (Spanish TV series)\nTelecinco original programming\n2019 Spanish television seasons", "This is a list of members of the South Australian Legislative Council between 2018 and 2022. As half of the Legislative Council's terms expired at each state election, half of these members were elected at the 2014 state election with terms expiring in 2022, while the other half were elected at the 2018 state election with terms expiring in 2026.\n\n Australian Conservatives MLC Dennis Hood, who had been elected as a Family First Party MLC in 2014, defected to the Liberal Party nine days after the 2018 state election.\n Liberal MLC Andrew McLachlan resigned on 6 February 2020 to take up an appointment to the Australian Senate. Nicola Centofanti was appointed to replace him on 7 April 2020.\n Liberal MLC John Dawkins was expelled from the Liberal Party in 2020 after successfully running against the party's nominee for Legislative Council President. This was against the party's rules.\n Greens MLC Mark Parnell resigned on 1 April 2021. Robert Simms was appointed to replace him on 4 May 2021.\n Liberal MLC David Ridgway resigned on 30 June 2021. Heidi Girolamo was appointed to replace him on 24 August 2021.\n\nSee also\n Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 2018–2022\n\nMembers of South Australian parliaments by term\n21st-century Australian politicians" ]

[ "Anwar al-Awlaki", "Lawsuit against the US" ]

[ "New Old Friends is the third album by the indie rock band Dolour. It was produced by Shane Tutmarc. It was mixed by Jason Holstrom and Shane Tutmarc.\n\nTrack listing\n“I Smell a Lawsuit”\n“You Can't Make New Old Friends”\n“Cheer Up Baby”\n“Next 2 U”\n“Butter Knife Suicide”\n“Before Tonight's Big Party”\n“CPR”\n“Behind the Melody”\n“What If?”\n“Candy”\n“My Paranoid Mind”\n“Running Forever”\n“October 29th”\n\nRecording details\nThe songs on the album were initially demos that Tutmarc made for Suburbiac's producer Aaron Sprinkle to comment on for a follow-up on Fugitive Records. Fugitive ceased operating and Tutmarc wrote songs about his growing dislike of the music business, including, \"I Smell A Lawsuit\" and \"Cheer Up Baby\" \"My Paranoid Mind,\" \"What If\", and \"Behind the Melody\" (sung by Jason Holstrom).\n\nRelease details\nNew Old Friends was released independently in February 2004, with different artwork, showing Tutmarc and a few of the contributing musicians in a collage-style. The album was eventually picked up by Damien Jurado's Seattle indie label Made In Mexico Records and rereleased in November 2004 with a new layout and artwork by Shane's brother, Brandon Tutmarc. The album was favorably reviewed by The Seattle Times, The Stranger, KEXP, and AllMusic.com.\n\nNew Old Friends tour\nTutmarc and band (including future Fleet Foxes leader Robin Pecknold on bass), undertook their first US tour in Spring 2005.\n\nMusicians\n Craig Curran - bass\n Jason Holstrom - saxophone, ukulele, vocals\n Eric Howk - lead and rhythm guitar\n Sugar McGuinn - bass, percussion\n Paul Mumaw - drums on \"You Can't Make New Old Friends,\" \"Next 2 U,\" \"Candy,\" and \"October 29th\"\n Phil Peterson - cello, string bass, trumpet, violin, synth, vocals, etc.\n Jon E Rock - percussion\n Joey Sanchez - drums on \"I Smell A Lawsuit\" and \"Butter Knife Suicide\"\n Jesse Sprinkle - drums on \"Cheer Up Baby\" and \"CPR\"\n Shane Tutmarc - vocals, piano, guitar, synth, bass, programming, percussion, etc.\n Noah Weaver - piano\n\nMultiple releases\nNew Old Friends was originally self-released on February 17, 2004 with different album artwork by Brandon Tutmarc.\n\n2004 albums\nDolour albums", "\"What What (In the Butt)\" is a viral video created by Andrew Swant and Bobby Ciraldo for the song of the same name by Samwell. It is known for its numerous blatant and camp references to homosexuality and anal sex. The lyrics of the song, a production of Mike Stasny, mostly revolve around the title. The video was made in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and uploaded on Valentine's Day 2007 to YouTube. As of October 2021, the video has over 72 million views.\n\nThemes and imagery\nOn 5 March 2007, with regard to the Christian imagery in the video, Samwell said, in an interview with KROQ-FM, that the opening image is \"not a cross, but a flaming symbol that [he] just happened to use\". According to Stasny, however: \"[Samwell] wanted it because he's a Christian but he doesn't do Christian morality. For him, having a burning cross is a way to pay respect to his beliefs.\"\n\nThe video also parodies the flower petal scene from the movie American Beauty (1999).\n\nOn April 8, 2007, Brownmark Films released an interview with Samwell, in which he discussed the public reception of the song at length.\n\nPerformances and appearances\nIn April 2008, Samwell appeared on the BBC television show Lily Allen and Friends for an interview and performed a live version of \"What What (In the Butt)\" with choreographed dancers. The video was also featured in episode #53 of ADD-TV in Manhattan. \"What What (In the Butt)\" was an official selection at the Milwaukee International Film Festival and the Mix Brasil Film Festival.\n\nIn June 2010 Samwell appeared on an episode of Comedy Central's Tosh.0, television show about viral videos. The segment told the story of how the \"What What\" video was created, followed by an acoustic duet version of the song by Samwell and Josh Homme, lead singer for Queens Of The Stone Age and guitar player for Kyuss.\n\nIn 2009, the creators of the video, and Samwell himself, claimed that a feature film called What What (In the Butt): The Movie was in the works.\n\nOn November 12, 2010, Brownmark Films filed a copyright infringement lawsuit against MTV Networks, South Park Studios, and Viacom for their use of \"What What in the Butt\" in a 2008 South Park episode. In July 2011, a federal judge decided that South Park's use of the video fell under the fair use exception to copyright law, and thus the defendants did not owe damages. The decision was unusual in a copyright lawsuit because it was made on a motion to dismiss, before summary judgment. The appeal was dismissed by the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals on June 7, 2012. Additionally, the district court awarded attorneys' fees to the defendants because the lawsuit was \"objectively unreasonable\".\n\nIn January 2013, a behind-the-scenes video was released which showed footage from the original 2006 green screen shoot.\n\nIn popular culture\nIn the April 2, 2008 episode of South Park, \"Canada on Strike\", the boys post a viral video on \"YouToob\" (a fictional version of YouTube) of Butters performing \"What What (In the Butt)\".\nIn October 2011 a porn parody of Comedy Central's Tosh.0 was released called Tosh Porn Oh. The film (porn star Dane Cross' directorial debut) contained a segment based on the \"What What (In the Butt)\" video with Samwell replaced by the pornographic actress Skin Diamond. The segment features a recreation of the original video which, according to the end credits, was fully licensed by Brownmark Films.\nThe \"What What\" song surfaced on an episode of Sweden’s Got Talent in which four naked young men danced to the song.\nThe creators of the \"What What\" video projected images of Samwell's iconic pink zeppelin onto buildings in Los Angeles for the five-year anniversary of the project.\n\nSee also\nLGBT hip hop\n\"In the Bush\"\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n\n Official website\n \"What What\" re-created segment on South Park\n Blogcritics Magazine interview with the creators of the video\n \n\nViral videos\nSongs about buttocks\nSongs about sexuality\nLGBT-related songs\n2007 YouTube videos\n2007 songs\nInternet memes introduced in 2007\nMusic memes" ]

[ "Anwar al-Awlaki", "Lawsuit against the US", "what was the reason behind the lawsuit?", "contacted the Center for Constitutional Rights and the American Civil Liberties Union to represent his son in a lawsuit that sought to remove Anwar from the targeted killing list." ]

[ "Targeted Killing in International Law is a book about the legality of targeted killing, written by Nils Melzer. It was first published by Oxford University Press in May 2008. The book explores the history of targeted killing as a government strategy by multiple countries including the United States, the United Kingdom, Israel, Switzerland and Germany; for both military and law enforcement purposes. Melzer argues that directly after the September 11 attacks in the United States, perceptions of the tactic became more positive.\n\nMelzer holds a PhD degree in law from the University of Zürich. His dissertation dealt with targeted killing and the book updates and revises that work. He had earlier written on the subject for Yearbook of Humanitarian International Law in 2006. Melzer serves as a legal advisor for the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). He has lectured at the Master-level at the Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights.\n\nThe book received a favorable reception and was a joint winner of the 2009 Paul Guggenheim Prize in International Law given by the Geneva Graduate Institute. It garnered positive reviews in publications including the International Criminal Justice Review, the European Journal of International Law, the Leiden Journal of International Law, the Australian Year Book of International Law, the American Journal of International Law, and in the book Legislating the War on Terror: An Agenda for Reform.\n\nBackground\nNils Melzer graduated summa cum laude from the University of Zürich with a PhD degree in law. Melzer worked for the District Court of Meilen, Zürich, first as a Judicial Clerk and then as Judicial Secretary. Melzer serves as a legal advisor for the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). He lectured at the Master-level at the Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights.\n\nPrior to the book, Melzer published \"Targeted Killing or Less Harmful Means? – Israel's High Court Judgment on Targeted Killing and the Restrictive Function of Military Necessity\" in the Yearbook of Humanitarian International Law in 2006, and a dissertation in 2007. Melzer also authored \"Interpretive Guidance on the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities under International Humanitarian Law\", published in 2009 by ICRC. Melzer's research was utilized in Section IX of the ICRC's Interpretive Guidance on the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities under International Humanitarian Law.\n\nTargeted Killing in International Law is part of the series, Oxford Monographs in International Law. The hardback was first published by Oxford University Press on 29 May 2008, and subsequently in the United States by Oxford University Press, USA in July 2008. In January 2009, the work was published online at Oxford Scholarship Online. On 10 September 2009, Oxford University Press released a paperback in the UK. Oxford University Press, USA released a paperback on 9 November 2009.\n\nContent summary\n\nNils Melzer presents an historical, legal and moral examination of targeted killing. The author observes that after September 11, the Western world grew more supportive of targeted killing than ever before. The book recounts in depth how state-sanctioned targeted killing is perceived in other countries. He defines targeted killing as the premeditated selection of an individual person not yet in custody for elimination by force. Melzer analyzes all areas of the topic.\n\nThe book discusses related legal practices of countries including the United States, the United Kingdom, Israel, Switzerland and Germany. Israel was the first country to publicly acknowledge the practice—in November 2000. The author connects this policy initiative with Israel's ongoing conflict with Palestinian militants. Melzer argues that this policy was controversial—the issue came before the Israeli Supreme Court, where the matter was not decided for almost five years. The court's judgment was issued on 14 December 2006, but neither forbade nor endorsed the practice. Melzer asserts that it left multiple important legal conundra unresolved. Its significance was that it dealt not with a single incident, but rather with the nature of the policy itself and set forth conditions for examining the legality of future episodes.\n\nMelzer claims that during the Vietnam War the Central Intelligence Agency used targeted killings as part of the Phoenix Program, attempting to eliminate Vietcong sympathizers. Melzer cites a source who contends that some 40,000 individuals may have been killed under this program. The author sees the air raids on Muammar Gaddafi in the 1986 bombing of Libya in response to the Lockerbie bombing as another instance. He argues that after September 11, 2001, the policy became more acceptable in the U.S. to adopt targeted killings as a tactic.\n\nAccording to Melzer, after the September 11 attacks, U.S. strategists began to support targeted killings and accepted advice from Israel on how to use such tactics to deal with suicide bombers. Melzer describes an abrupt change where military members were ordered to \"shoot to kill\", replacing prior orders to incapacitate. The author asserts that in at least one case in 2005, a person was killed because they were thought to be a terrorist holding a bomb. It was later revealed that this person suffered from mental illness and may have had a medical history of bipolar disorder. The shooting was determined to be justifiable under the law and criminal charges were not filed.\n\nMelzer discusses the shift in perceptions towards acceptance by United Kingdom law enforcement after September 11. The Metropolitan Police officially endorsed a \"shoot to kill\" strategy directly after the attack. Melzer finds this policy shift incongruous, due to the fact that targeted killing had never before been acceptable as police strategy. Prior to the attack, targeted killing was a criminal offense.\n\nReception\nTargeted Killing in International Law was a joint-winner of the 2009 Paul Guggenheim Prize in International Law given by the Geneva Graduate Institute. In the chapter \"Targeted Killing in U.S. Counterterrorism Strategy and Law\" authored by Kenneth Anderson as a contributor to the book Legislating the War on Terror: An Agenda for Reform, he characterizes Melzer's book as an admirable opus on the subject. Anderson describes the book in more depth in a footnote, calling it a complete and thorough academic reference book. He goes on to criticize the perspective of the book for describing and then rejecting objections by the United States to arguments addressed in the work. Anderson writes that the book is both one scholars must have to educate themselves on the subject, while simultaneously lamenting its advocacy for U.S. legal positions. Anderson observes the author covers all facets of targeted killing in the book.\n\nIn a review of the book for the journal International Criminal Justice Review, Robert M. Worley of Penn State Altoona comments favorably on the comprehensive nature of Melzer's research and his descriptions of the differences of the practice of targeted killing in varying countries. Worley comments on the relevance of the book to scholars in various fields, including history, law, law enforcement, and terrorism analysis. Worley concludes his review by recommending the book for those with a fascination in researching criminal justice or the law. William Abresch comments favorably on Targeted Killing in International Law, in a review for the European Journal of International Law. He writes that the book is an important addition to the field of scholarship regarding how international law governs the practice of targeted killing. Abresch calls the author's writing style logical, and praises the book's organizational structure including its separate sections on use of targeted in war contrasted with use by police.\n\nA review of the book in the Leiden Journal of International Law by Tamás Hoffmann recommends the work to multiple potential readers, including those who engage in targeting killing, academics, and students. Hoffmann calls it a well-researched monograph and helpful reference work on the subject. The review places the book within the context of addressing legal issues inherent in debating the murky concept of targeted killing. Hoffmann states the book furthers prior attempts to come to a resolution on the question of the practice's legality. Helen Durhan praises the writing quality of Melzer's work, in a review for the Australian Year Book of International Law. Durhan writes the work is organized in an easily readable format and covers the topic with neutrality. She goes on to call the book a work representing the need for concerned discussion prior to implementing any policy involved in eliminating people. Of the author's focus throughout the work, Durhan observes that the author handles discussion of the legality of targeted killing in a clear and precise manner. The review concludes Melzer's thorough analysis goes a long way towards furthering scholars' impressions of legal issues surrounding when it is permitted for sovereign governments to kill people.\n\nWriting in a review for the American Journal of International Law, Michael N. Schmitt observes that the arguments put forth in the book by Melzer are indeed accurate. Schmitt writes that Melzer correctly argues that in the police model sequential events within the legal system lead to precedent for engaging in targeted killing. Schmitt describes the book as an excellent overview of many aspects of law regarding targeted killing. Schmitt concludes, \"Targeted Killing in International Law is not just a major contribution to the legal literature, it has justifiably emerged as the premier work on the subject.\"\n\nSee also\n\nCIA transnational anti-terrorism activities\nExtrajudicial killing\nJustifiable homicide\nManhunt (military)\nTargeted Killings: Law and Morality in an Asymmetrical World\n Rise and Kill First: The Secret History of Israel's Targeted Assassinations\n\nReferences\n\nFurther reading\n\nExternal links\n\nNils Melzer (Introduction), Melzer being introduced before speech at The Graduate Institute, 16 October 2008 (video)\nNils Melzer (Part I), Melzer speech at The Graduate Institute (video)\n\n2008 non-fiction books\nBooks about terrorism\nNon-fiction books about war\nMilitary strategy books\nBooks about legal history\nBooks about military history\nAl-Qaeda\nCentral Intelligence Agency\nWorks about Islamic terrorism\nCounter-terrorism\nCounter-terrorism in the United States\nInternational law\nLaws of war\nNational security\nWar in Afghanistan (2001–2021)\nWar on terror\nTargeted killing", "Why Did You Kill Me? is a 2021 American documentary film directed and produced by Fredrick Munk. The film follows Belinda Lane as she tracks down those involved in the murder of Crystal Theobald, her daughter, using MySpace.\n\nIt was released on April 14, 2021, by Netflix.\n\nPlot\nBelinda Lane tracks down those involved in the murder of Crystal Theobald, her daughter, using MySpace.\n\nRelease\nThe film was released on April 14, 2021, by Netflix.\n\nReception\nWhy Did You Kill Me? holds a 63% approval rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 8 reviews, with a weighted average of 6.50/10.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\n \n \n\n2021 films\n2021 documentary films\nAmerican films\nAmerican documentary films\nDocumentary films about gangs in the United States\nDocumentary films about death\nNetflix original documentary films" ]

[ "Anwar al-Awlaki", "Lawsuit against the US", "what was the reason behind the lawsuit?", "contacted the Center for Constitutional Rights and the American Civil Liberties Union to represent his son in a lawsuit that sought to remove Anwar from the targeted killing list.", "why was he on the targeted kill list?", "the United States is not at war in Yemen, and the government doesn't have a blank check to kill terrorism suspects wherever they are in the world." ]

[ "Daniel Lewis Hansford (March 1, 1960 – May 2, 1981) was an American shooting victim who was killed by his employer, preservationist Jim Williams, at Williams' home in Savannah, Georgia, United States. His death was documented in John Berendt's 1994 non-fiction book Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil and its 1997 film adaptation. After four trials, Williams was acquitted of Hansford's murder.\n\nEarly life\nDanny Hansford was born in Savannah, Georgia, to Emily Bannister. He was one of three sons, the others being John and William.\n\nShooting\nIn the early hours of May 2, 1981, Hansford and preservationist Jim Williams had an argument at Williams's residence at Mercer House, in Monterey Square, Savannah, Georgia. During the argument, Hansford, of whom Williams had been a sexual partner for about two years, pushed over an 18th-century English grandfather clock. Williams was in his study at the time, and Hansford soon entered, whereupon he drew a gun on Williams. The gun jammed upon firing, however, and Williams pulled a 9mm Luger pistol from his desk and shot Hansford in what he claims was self-defense. Prosecutors claimed Williams then proceeded to stage the crime scene to make it appear as if Hansford had actually fired at him. Williams called the police at 3:00 A.M. to report the shooting, just over half an hour after the incident occurred. He was taken into custody and charged with murder. Superior Court Judge Eugene H. Gadsden set Williams' bond at $25,000, which he soon posted.\n\nHansford, 21, was buried in Greenwich Cemetery, which is adjacent to Bonaventure Cemetery in Savannah. He is buried beside his mother, who died in 2005 at age 65.\n\nTrials\nWilliams was tried four times, a record for the state of Georgia. Bobby Lee Cook defended Williams during the first trial in 1982, presided over by Judge George Oliver. Williams was convicted and sentenced to life in prison. He appealed, posting the $100,000 bond. Cook later anonymously received a copy of the police report showing that the arresting officer had contradicted himself about a bullet hole in a floor in Mercer House. The verdict was overturned in January 1983 by the Georgia Supreme Court and a new trial was ordered. As Berendt wrote in his book: \"The ruling appeared to be little more than a temporary reprieve. The hole in the floor had been unimportant in the trial; the main points of evidence in Spencer Lawton's case against Williams still remained intact.\"\n\nSonny Seiler assumed Williams' defense at the second trial beginning in September 1983 and decided to have Williams openly bring up his sexuality. Little else differed from the first trial: on October 8, Williams was again found guilty and sentenced to life imprisonment. In June 1985, the Georgia Supreme Court overturned the conviction again, stating that the sheriff should not have been allowed to testify as an expert, and that the prosecutor waited until his closing argument to demonstrate some evidence.\n\nThe third trial, held in the spring of 1987, resulted in a mistrial. New evidence showed Hansford's hands were not bagged by the police at the crime scene, which meant that — if there was gunpowder residue present on the victim's hands — it could have been rubbed off during the subsequent movement of the body. During deliberations, a juror supposedly called a paramedic to ask some medical questions, though it could not be proven. After two deliberations, the jury still had not reached a verdict, with one woman adamantly insisting she saw reasonable doubt and would not alter her verdict. On June 9, 1987, with 11-1 jurors in favor of a \"guilty\" verdict, it was declared a hung jury.\n\nThe fourth and final trial, which was moved to Augusta, resulted in Williams' acquittal in May 1989, eight years after his conviction, after the jury's hour-long deliberation.\n\nOn January 14, 1990, after eight months of being a free man, Williams collapsed and died at home. He is believed to have died in his study, the scene of the shooting.\n\nMidnight in the Garden of Good and Evil\nHansford was renamed Billy Hanson in the 1997 Clint Eastwood-directed movie adaptation of the book, in which he was portrayed by Jude Law. The book's author, John Berendt, did not visit Savannah until the year after Hansford's death.\n\nReferences\n\nExternal links\nDanny Lewis Hansford at FindAGrave.com\nA mugshot of Hansford\n\n1981 controversies in the United States\n1981 in Georgia (U.S. state)\nDeaths by firearm in Georgia (U.S. state)\nDeaths by person in the United States\nDefensive gun use\nHistory of Savannah, Georgia\nMay 1981 events in the United States", "Craig Spangenberg (18 February 1914 – 17 March 1998) was a nationally-renowned trial attorney who founded the law firm now known as Spangenberg, Shibley & Liber in Cleveland, Ohio.\n\nEducation \nCraig Spangenberg earned his undergraduate and law degrees from the University of Michigan in the 1930s. The University of Michigan Law School awards the Craig Spangenberg Oral Advocacy Award in recognition of his trial advocacy legacy.\n\nCraig was admitted to the Ohio bar in 1938. In 1946 Craig Spangenberg became a founding member of the Harrison Thomas, Spangenberg and Hull law firm now known as Spangenberg, Shibley and Liber.\n\nLegal practice \nSpangenberg specialized in personal injury litigation. Spangenberg gained national recognition for his firm by stepping forward to represent Canadian children injured by the birth-defect-causing morning sickness medication Thalidomide. He was appointed Canadian Queen's Counsel by Queen Elizabeth II as a result of this work.\n\nSpangenberg served as the dean of the International Academy of Trial Lawyers in 1962.\n\nCraig Spangenberg founded and served as the first president of the International Society of Barristers. Established in 1965, the ISOB is an honor society of outstanding trial lawyers chosen by their peers on the basis of excellence and integrity in advocacy. The distinguished Society seeks to preserve trial by jury, the adversary system, and independence of the judiciary. With a limited membership, the Society has Fellows from every state, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and from Australia, Canada, England, Scotland, and Mexico, with the great majority from the United States.\n\nFamily \nCraig Spangenberg was born in Yonkers, N.Y. to Albert F. Spangenberg and Beatrice (Jenkins) Spangenberg.\n\nCraig Spangenberg married Elizabeth Jane Flansburg on 19 Nov 1937. They had two children Rhoda Ann Spangenberg b. 12 Dec 1939 and Thomas Craig Spangenberg b. 1 Jun 1942. They subsequently divorced. He married Helen J. Schnierer on 11 Dec 1947, and together they had two children: Lynne b. 12 May 1951 and Scott . Spangenberg died in Lyndhurst, OH and is buried at the Evergreen Hill Cemetery in Chagrin Falls, OH. His granddaughter is former World Series of Poker champion Annie Duke.\n\nAwards \n\nIn 2013, Craig Spangenberg was inducted into the Trial Lawyer Hall of Fame, managed by Trial Lawyer Magazine. Spangenberg joins such luminary trial lawyers as Clarence Darrow and Thurgood Marshall, as well as more recent lawyers like Howard Nations and Gerry Spence.\n\nFamous arguments and trial techniques\n\nEggshell victim argument \n\nCraig Spangenberg the trial advocate developed the \"eggshell victim\" argument, which suggested that you must take your victim as you find them, regardless of whether they were more vulnerable or easily injured than \"average\" people. The argument went as follows, as recounted by James W. McElhaney in the American Bar Association Journal:\n\n\"We come to the subject of damages, and it's a difficult area of decision. Oh, I wish this were a simpler case like a farmer driving his pickup truck on a country road when someone speeds through the stop sign, runs into his truck and turns it over.\n\n\"The farmer's not hurt, but his truck is. One side's all dented in, the windshield is broken out and a fender is torn off. And if you as a jury were asked, 'What's fair compensation for what the driver of the car did to the farmer's truck?' you wouldn't have any problem with that.\n\n\"You'd give him the kind of truck he had. You wouldn't give him a new truck, because he didn't have one. But he shouldn't have to drive a truck that's all bent up and missing a windshield, because he didn't have that, either. So fair compensation--just compensation--would be to pay him what it would cost to fix the truck he has. And I'm sure that my friend for the defense would accept that.\n\n\"Well, now suppose that the plaintiff is a poultry farmer and he has the back of his truck filled with eggs, three-hundred dozen grade A eggs, all carefully boxed and crated. And the defendant speeds through the stop sign, just like he did in this case. As a result you have three-hundred dozen grade A whites and yolks running all over the pavement. \"What is fair compensation? Those are his eggs. They were marketable. His property has been taken away. His income has been taken away.\n\n\"What is fair compensation? Ninety-six cents a dozen retail?\n\n\"No. He wasn't going to sell them retail. He was going to sell them wholesale, and the wholesale price reported in the newspaper was forty-seven cents a dozen. So he's entitled to forty-seven cents times three hundred. One hundred and forty-one dollars. Now, in this situation, wouldn't you think the defense lawyer had taken leave of his senses if he told you, 'Don't you pay him a hundred and forty-one dollars for those eggs! Why, if they'd been golf balls, not one would be broken.'\n\n\"I'm not telling you Mike Wilson was an egg, but he was like an egg. He was fragile. But he was still useful and marketable. He was able to sell what strength he had in the marketplace of labor.\n\n\"But he certainly was not a golf ball, and when the defendant sped through the stop sign and hit Mike Wilson, he did not bounce.\n\n\"And fair compensation is to restore the loss that has actually been inflicted on the actual man or woman. Just like when you break an actual egg, fair compensation is paying the actual value.\"\n\nReferences\n\nOhio lawyers\n1914 births\n1998 deaths\nUniversity of Michigan Law School alumni\n20th-century American lawyers\nCanadian Queen's Counsel" ]