[House Hearing, 105 Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND RELATED AGENCIES APPROPRIATIONS FOR 1998 ======================================================================= HEARINGS BEFORE A SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED FIFTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION ________ SUBCOMMITTEE ON THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND RELATED AGENCIES RALPH REGULA, Ohio, Chairman JOSEPH M. McDADE, Pennsylvania SIDNEY R. YATES, Illinois JIM KOLBE, Arizona JOHN P. MURTHA, Pennsylvania JOE SKEEN, New Mexico NORMAN D. DICKS, Washington CHARLES H. TAYLOR, North Carolina DAVID E. SKAGGS, Colorado GEORGE R. NETHERCUTT, Jr., Washington JAMES P. MORAN, Virginia DAN MILLER, Florida ZACH WAMP, Tennessee NOTE: Under Committee Rules, Mr. Livingston, as Chairman of the Full Committee, and Mr. Obey, as Ranking Minority Member of the Full Committee, are authorized to sit as Members of all Subcommittees. Deborah Weatherly, Loretta Beaumont, Joel Kaplan, and Christopher Topik, Staff Assistants ________ PART 5 Page Public Witnesses for Natural Resource Programs.................... 1 Additional Written Testimony................................... 495 Public Witnesses for Energy and Other Programs.................... 661 Additional Written Testimony................................... 1146 ________ Printed for the use of the Committee on Appropriations ________ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 39-752 WASHINGTON : 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, Congressional Sales Office, Washington, DC 20402 ISBN 0-16-054908-6 COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS BOB LIVINGSTON, Louisiana, Chairman JOSEPH M. McDADE, Pennsylvania DAVID R. OBEY, Wisconsin C. W. BILL YOUNG, Florida SIDNEY R. YATES, Illinois RALPH REGULA, Ohio LOUIS STOKES, Ohio JERRY LEWIS, California JOHN P. MURTHA, Pennsylvania JOHN EDWARD PORTER, Illinois NORMAN D. DICKS, Washington HAROLD ROGERS, Kentucky MARTIN OLAV SABO, Minnesota JOE SKEEN, New Mexico JULIAN C. DIXON, California FRANK R. WOLF, Virginia VIC FAZIO, California TOM DeLAY, Texas W. G. (BILL) HEFNER, North Carolina JIM KOLBE, Arizona STENY H. HOYER, Maryland RON PACKARD, California ALAN B. MOLLOHAN, West Virginia SONNY CALLAHAN, Alabama MARCY KAPTUR, Ohio JAMES T. WALSH, New York DAVID E. SKAGGS, Colorado CHARLES H. TAYLOR, North Carolina NANCY PELOSI, California DAVID L. HOBSON, Ohio PETER J. VISCLOSKY, Indiana ERNEST J. ISTOOK, Jr., Oklahoma THOMAS M. FOGLIETTA, Pennsylvania HENRY BONILLA, Texas ESTEBAN EDWARD TORRES, California JOE KNOLLENBERG, Michigan NITA M. LOWEY, New York DAN MILLER, Florida JOSE E. SERRANO, New York JAY DICKEY, Arkansas ROSA L. DeLAURO, Connecticut JACK KINGSTON, Georgia JAMES P. MORAN, Virginia MIKE PARKER, Mississippi JOHN W. OLVER, Massachusetts RODNEY P. FRELINGHUYSEN, New Jersey ED PASTOR, Arizona ROGER F. WICKER, Mississippi CARRIE P. MEEK, Florida MICHAEL P. FORBES, New York DAVID E. PRICE, North Carolina GEORGE R. NETHERCUTT, Jr., Washington CHET EDWARDS, Texas MARK W. NEUMANN, Wisconsin RANDY ``DUKE'' CUNNINGHAM, California TODD TIAHRT, Kansas ZACH WAMP, Tennessee TOM LATHAM, Iowa ANNE M. NORTHUP, Kentucky ROBERT B. ADERHOLT, Alabama James W. Dyer, Clerk and Staff Director (ii) W I T N E S S E S __________ Page Able, E. H., Jr.................................................. 801 Adelmann, G. W................................................... 272 Akers, Julie..................................................... 647 Alexander, James................................................. 327 Allison, S. A.................................................... 969 Altmeyer, T. H................................................... 937 Amend, Madeline.................................................. 589 Anderson, L. L................................................... 751 Applegate, David................................................. 1017 Arita, S. J...................................................... 522 Aunan, L. G...................................................... 580 Aurilio, Anna.................................................... 141 Bahr, T. G....................................................... 670 Bajura, R. A..................................................... 839 Baker, Deborah................................................... 234 Banzhaf, W. H.................................................... 134 Barnard, Stan.................................................... 1047 Barnett, J. A.................................................... 657 Beal, H. A....................................................... 74 Beard, D. P...................................................... 109 Beck, Richard.................................................... 1089 Beetham, M. B.................................................... 100 Bennett, E. H.................................................... 1283 Bezanson, Janice................................................. 576 Blockstein, D. E................................................. 1277 Brasaemle, J. E.................................................. 570 Brouha, Paul..................................................... 594 Brown, M. P...................................................... 248 Brown, R. D...................................................... 1287 Cabral, R. J..................................................... 526 Camara, Lee...................................................... 757 Cannard, D. L.................................................... 532 Cannon, Hon. Chris............................................... 10 Carroll, Peter................................................... 1061 Castro, Bernadette............................................... 459 Clark, Les....................................................... 522, 526....................................................... Coleman, T. J.................................................... 191 Colnes, A. L..................................................... 422 Comolli, A. G.................................................... 1132 Connolly, Jerome................................................. 1089 Conrad, G. E..................................................... 1039 Cooper, Laurie................................................... 199 Crawford, Tommy.................................................. 919 Crites, Buford................................................... 291 Crozier, E. S.................................................... 602 Cruickshank, Michael............................................. 691 Cunha, Manual, Jr................................................ 522, 526....................................................... Curtis, W. E..................................................... 714 Darguzas, J. N................................................... 1198 De Vaul, Diane................................................... 1155 Decaire, John.................................................... 1231 Derbyshire, Frank................................................ 707 Dessecker, D. R.................................................. 567 Dixon, M. A...................................................... 1243 Dower, Roger..................................................... 1029 Dunham, M. K..................................................... 586 Dwyer, Stephen................................................... 517 Dwyer, Thomas.................................................... 893 Ebel, Dr. J. E................................................... 1292 Egbert, Allan.................................................... 553 England, Marilyn................................................. 608 Evans, Debra..................................................... 1258 Eyring, E. M..................................................... 751 Fani, Robert..................................................... 846 Farris, Allen.................................................... 542 Field, David..................................................... 164 Filippone, E. F.................................................. 459 Filkins, Mylon................................................... 584 Foster, Alice.................................................... 853 Franklin, T. M................................................... 185 Frederickson, Jean............................................... 599 Freeburne, S. K.................................................. 992 Frey, P. D....................................................... 177 Fritz, E. C., ``Ned''............................................ 128 Fumich, George................................................... 839 Gallery, Audrey.................................................. 651 Gebhards, John................................................... 641 Geisinger, Jim................................................... 284 Genzer, Jeffrey.................................................. 684 George, Father, W. L............................................. 649 Geringer, Jim.................................................... 1172 Gladics, F. M.................................................... 67 Glenn, Don....................................................... 661 Goldman, Madge................................................... 225 Goss, C. F....................................................... 530 Graves, Denyce................................................... 886 Groff, E. O...................................................... 904 Gruver, John..................................................... 957 Gundersheimer, Werner............................................ 815 Gunn, S. H....................................................... 401 Haas, Maurie..................................................... 634 Hall, Jason...................................................... 637 Hanson, Rebecca.................................................. 591 Hathaway, Eric................................................... 898 Hayden, Michael.................................................. 436 Hays, Alexander.................................................. 792 Heissenbuttel, John.............................................. 156 Henson, Ryan..................................................... 334 Hertfelder, Eric................................................. 320 Hofmann, J. B.................................................... 298 Holder, G. D..................................................... 750 Holmer, Steve.................................................... 342 Hope, Becky...................................................... 585 Hope, Matt....................................................... 585 Huffman, G. P.................................................... 742 Hunter, Jamie.................................................... 595 Imbergamo, Bill.................................................. 177 James, Sharpe.................................................... 642 James, Ted....................................................... 522 Janger, S. A..................................................... 1296 Jarvik, Laurence................................................. 1254 Jenkins, A. F.................................................... 394 John, Ismael..................................................... 1300 Johnson, Denton.................................................. 982 Johnson, Jean.................................................... 619 Jorris, Peter.................................................... 601 Judd, Joe........................................................ 10 Karolchik, Trina................................................. 755 Kennamer, J. E................................................... 564 Kenny, M. P...................................................... 526 Kirsch, F. W..................................................... 926 Kloosterman, Marilyn............................................. 623 Knight, R. H..................................................... 1262 Knoebel, Rick.................................................... 588 Koch, Roger...................................................... 570 Krichbaum, Steve................................................. 59 Lagina, Martin................................................... 1180 Lawrence, Dr. L. R., Jr.......................................... 1235 Lea, George...................................................... 350 Lee, B. S........................................................ 766 Leftwich, J. T., Jr.............................................. 1166 Leibowitz, Herman ``Hank''....................................... 975 Levin, Rabbi Yehuda.............................................. 1053 Libby, Michael................................................... 210 Liebman, Murray.................................................. 1116 Linehan, T. E.................................................... 786 Liston, Louise................................................... 10 Lively, Scott.................................................... 1053 Longsworth, Nellie............................................... 264 Ludwick, Michelle................................................ 210 Lundy, Jeff...................................................... 1124 Mankin, Dr. C. J................................................. 1168 Marshall, Gwen................................................... 25, 570........................................................ Mazer, Marshall.................................................. 951 McCarron, D. J................................................... 556 McDowell, Robert................................................. 545 Melissaratos, Aris............................................... 957 Meuzelaar, H. L. C............................................... 751 Miller, Dr. R. N................................................. 1190 Miller, P. P..................................................... 829 Mills, Jamie..................................................... 611 Mink, Roy........................................................ 670 Minnigh, Harvey.................................................. 225 Moe, Richard..................................................... 312 Molini, William.................................................. 549 Mondre, J. L..................................................... 1239 Mosher, J. A..................................................... 504 Muller, M. R..................................................... 1069 Myers, Phyllis................................................... 485 Nadel, S. M...................................................... 864 Nemtzow, D. M.................................................... 877 Nimmons, J. T.................................................... 726 Norcross, Elizabeth.............................................. 257 O'Brien, Rindy................................................... 446 Overbey, M. M.................................................... 999 Owens, J. M...................................................... 753 Pacelle, Wayne................................................... 83 Paque, Michael................................................... 1124 Pate-Bain, Helen................................................. 604 Pease, Elizabeth................................................. 242 Peter, Neptali................................................... 1300 Peterson, R. M................................................... 359 Phillips, Bonnie................................................. 429 Pickett, Hon. O. B............................................... 248 Pugmire, R. J.................................................... 751 Ramirez-Toro, G. I............................................... 225 Rapanos, J. A.................................................... 945 Rawlings, H. R., III............................................. 775 Reheis, C. H..................................................... 526 Roddy, Michael................................................... 1 Rogan, J. B...................................................... 1203 Rowell, Deborah.................................................. 963 Runnels, Bruce................................................... 413 Scott, D. A...................................................... 570 Sebastian, Carol................................................. 538 Seifert, D. J.................................................... 370 Shabtai, J. S.................................................... 751 Shinn, R. C., Jr................................................. 459 Sigmon, Neal..................................................... 41 Sloan, M. M...................................................... 120 Sparrowe, R. D................................................... 92 Speight, Dr. J. G................................................ 1182 Startzell, D. N.................................................. 164 Stehsel, Don..................................................... 600 Steinbach, Thomas................................................ 511 Styles, G. A..................................................... 719 Sutherland, Scott................................................ 48 Tabor, J. L...................................................... 1139 Thornton, J. F................................................... 218 Tice, R. D....................................................... 643 Tierney, J. W.................................................... 750 Trent, R. H...................................................... 691 Tripp, J. T. B................................................... 459 Trueman, P. A.................................................... 1109 Tum, P. J. A..................................................... 1194 Vap, G. L........................................................ 500 Walsh, Hon. J. T................................................. 775 Walsh, Tom....................................................... 574 Watt, R. S....................................................... 984 Webb, D. O....................................................... 734 Welsh, Richard................................................... 33 Wender, Irving................................................... 750 Werbelow, Karen.................................................. 540 Werner, Gary..................................................... 148 West, Elizabeth.................................................. 452 Williamson, L. L................................................. 496 Wodraska, J. R................................................... 655 Wolf, A. E....................................................... 305 Wolf, N. A....................................................... 596 Woolsey, J. R.................................................... 691 Wyneken, Jeanette................................................ 613 Young, Boyd...................................................... 558 Zeigler, Joseph.................................................. 1104 Zimmer, G. R..................................................... 660 I N D E X ---------- ORGANIZATIONS PROVIDING TESTIMONY Page ABB Inc.......................................................... 1201 Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.................................. 1190, 1194..................................................... Alabama Environmental Council.................................... 515 Alaska Sea Otter Commission...................................... 626 Alliance for Community Trees..................................... 596 Alliance to Commercialize Carbonate Technology................... 726 Alliance to Save Energy.......................................... 877 Allison Engine Company........................................... 969 American Anthropological Association............................. 370, 999....................................................... American Arts Alliance........................................... 886, 893, 898, 1250............................................ American Association of Museums.................................. 637, 801....................................................... American Association of Retired Persons.......................... 1243 American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy................. 864 American Council on Education.................................... 775 American Family Association...................................... 1109 American Fisheries Society....................................... 594 American Forest and Paper Association............................ 156 American Gas Association......................................... 1162 American Gas Cooling Center, Inc................................. 846 American Geological Institute.................................... 1017 American Hiking Society.......................................... 120 American Land Rights Association................................. 452 American Lands Alliance.......................................... 538 American Public Power Association................................ 1147 American Rivers, Inc............................................. 257 American Society of Civil Engineers.............................. 904 American Sportfishing Association................................ 436 American Symphony Orchestra League............................... 1266 American Zoo and Aquarium Association............................ 1273 Americans for Our Heritage and Recreation........................ 446 Americans for the Arts........................................... 852 Appalachian Mountain Club........................................ 511 Appalachian Trail Conference..................................... 164 Arctic Seas Division, University of Alaska Fairbanks............. 691 Association of Art Museum Directors/American Arts Alliance....... 898 Association of American State Geologists......................... 1283 Association of American Universities............................. 637, 775....................................................... Association of Independent Colleges of Art and Design............ 786 Association of Midwest Fish and Wildlife Agencies................ 542 Association of Research Libraries................................ 1269 Babcock and Wilcox Company....................................... 1203 Back Country Horsemen of America................................. 584 Bob Lawrence & Associates, Inc................................... 1235 Brooklyn Union Gas Company....................................... 846 Business Council for Sustainable Energy.......................... 1116 California Forestry Association.................................. 298 California Industry and Government Coalition on PM-10/PM-2.5..... 526 California Wilderness Coalition.................................. 334 Cannard, David L................................................. 532 Capital Research Center.......................................... 1254 Caterpillar Inc.................................................. 1228 Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky....... 707 Center for Environmental Education, Conservation and Interpretation, International University of Puerto Rico........ 225 Center for Marine Conservation................................... 615 Clean Coal Technology Coalition.................................. 1186 Close Up Foundation.............................................. 1296 Coachella Valley Mountains Conservancy........................... 291 Coal Utilization Research Council................................ 951 Colorado River Basin Salinity Control Forum...................... 657 Colorado River Board of California............................... 660 Commission on Preservation and Access............................ 1269 Consortium for Fossil Fuel Liquefaction Science.................. 742 Continental Shelf Division, University of Mississippi............ 691 Cooperative Alliance for Refuge Enhancement...................... 92 Council for Chemical Research, Inc............................... 1139 Cummins Engine Co., Inc.......................................... 1224 Dance USA/American Arts Alliance................................. 893 Deep Creek Open Space Coalition.................................. 598 Defenders of Wildlife............................................ 100 Detroit Diesel Corporation....................................... 1220 ``Ding'' Darling Wildlife Society................................ 623 Distributed Power Coalition of America........................... 1207 Dow Corning Corporation.......................................... 992 Ducks Unlimited, Inc............................................. 48 Dwyer, Stephen................................................... 517 Earthworks, Inc.................................................. 225 Electric Transportation Coalition................................ 1216 Energy Research Corporation...................................... 661 Enewetak/Ujelang Local Government Council........................ 1300 Environmental Defense Fund....................................... 459 Exergy Inc....................................................... 975 Family Research Council.......................................... 1262 Federal Forest Reform............................................ 576 Federation of State Humanities Council........................... 792 Fisheries Resource Volunteer Corps............................... 600 Forest Water Alliance............................................ 429 Foundation for North American Wild Sheep......................... 540 Friends of Acadia................................................ 74 Friends of Back Bay.............................................. 248 Friends of the Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge............... 607 Friends of the Columbia Gorge.................................... 580 Friends of the Minnesota Valley.................................. 619 Frontera Audubon Society......................................... 634 Gabriella and Paul Rosenbaum Foundation.......................... 225 Gainsville, Florida.............................................. 536 Gas Research Institute........................................... 734 Gas Turbine Association.......................................... 1212 General Electric................................................. 1208 Georgetown University............................................ 649 Great Egg Harbor Watershed Association........................... 647 Green Framing Systems............................................ 1 Ground Water Protection Council.................................. 1124 Humane Society of the United States.............................. 83 Hydrocarbon Technologies, Inc.................................... 1132 Independent Forest Products Association.......................... 67 Indigenous People's Council for Marine Mammals................... 630 Institute of Gas Technology...................................... 766 Integrated Petroleum Environmental Consortium.................... 1176 InterAmerican University of Puerto Rico.......................... 225 International Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies.......... 359 International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers.... 561 International Committee for Holocaust Truth...................... 1053 Interstate Council on Water Policy............................... 1290 Interstate Mining Compact Commission............................. 1039 Interstate Oil and Gas Compact Commission........................ 1172 Izaak Walton League of America................................... 504 Kern County Valley Floor Habitat Conservation Plan............... 522 Kettle Range Conservation Group.................................. 191 Klamath Forest Alliance.......................................... 199 Krichbaum, Steven................................................ 59 Leftwich, John T................................................. 1166 Majestic Metals, Inc............................................. 982 Marshall, Gwen................................................... 25 M-C Power........................................................ 757 Metropolitan Water District of Southern California............... 655 Miami University................................................. 1089 Mississippi Oil and Gas Board.................................... 1124 Mountains Group, Sierra Club..................................... 574 National Assembly of State Arts Agencies......................... 945 National Association for State Community Services Programs....... 714 National Association of Abandoned Mine Land Programs............. 1047 National Association of Conservation Districts................... 500 National Association of Energy Service Companies................. 1029 National Association of Reversionary Property Owners............. 33 National Association of State Conservation Agencies.............. 500 National Association of State Energy Officials................... 684 National Association of State Foresters.......................... 177 National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges....................................................... 670, 775....................................................... National Association of University Fisheries and Wildlife Programs....................................................... 1287 National Audubon Society......................................... 109 National Center for Manufacturing Sciences....................... 1231 National Conference of State Historic Preservation Officers...... 320 National Congress of American Indians............................ 637 National Constitution Center..................................... 305 National Coordinating Committee for the Promotion of History..... 829 National Fish and Wildlife Foundation............................ 41 National Hardwood Lumber Association............................. 242 National Humanities Alliance..................................... 815, 1269...................................................... National Institute for the Environment........................... 1279 National Institutes for Water Resources.......................... 670 National Mining Association...................................... 937 National Parks and Conservation Association...................... 218 National Recreation and Park Association......................... 643 National Research Center for Coal and Energy, West Virginia University..................................................... 839 National Trust for Historic Preservation......................... 312 National Wild Turkey Federation.................................. 564 National Wildlife Refuge Association............................. 602 Native American Rights Fund...................................... 637 Natural Gas Industry Research, Development and Demonstration Initiative..................................................... 1158 Nature Conservancy............................................... 413 New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection................ 459 New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation................................................... 459 Newark, New Jersey............................................... 642 Newlands Water Protective Association............................ 611 Northeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies.............. 545 Northeast-Midwest Institute...................................... 1155 Northern Forest Alliance......................................... 422 Northwest Forestry Association................................... 284 Ocean Basins Division, University of Hawaii...................... 691 Ohio and Erie Canal Association.................................. 327 Ohio Sierra Club................................................. 570 Ohioview Research Consortium..................................... 1089 Oklahoma Geological Survey....................................... 1168 Old Dominion University.......................................... 1166 Openlands Project................................................ 272 Opera America/American Arts Alliance............................. 886 Ornithological Council........................................... 1277 Parks Subcommittee of the Committee of 100 on the Federal City... 485 Partnership for the National Trails System....................... 148 Passaic River Coalition.......................................... 459 Petroleum Technology Transfer Council............................ 963 Police Association of the District of Columbia................... 210 Preservation Action.............................................. 264 Public Lands Foundation.......................................... 350 Rock Energy Company, L.L.C....................................... 1180 Ruffled Grouse Society........................................... 567 Rural Public Lands County Council................................ 10 Rutgers University............................................... 1069 Sacramento Grazing Association................................... 530 Sargent & Lundy, L.L.C........................................... 1198 San Bernardino Mountains Land Trust.............................. 601 Save Our Forest Association, Inc................................. 590 Seventeenth Annual Symposium on Sea Turtle Conservation and Biology........................................................ 613 Sierra Club, North Carolina Chapter.............................. 568 Society for American Archaeology................................. 370, 637, 999.................................................. Society for Animal Protective Legislation........................ 604 Society for Historical Archaeology............................... 370, 637, 999.................................................. Society of American Foresters.................................... 134 Solar Turbines, Inc.............................................. 1061 Southaven Properties Coalition................................... 608 Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies........... 553 Southeastern Manufactured Housing Alliance....................... 919 Southern Company Services, Inc................................... 719 Southern Timber Purchasers Council............................... 234 Sterling Forest Coalition........................................ 641 Texas Committee on Natural Resources............................. 128 Trout Unlimited of California.................................... 592 U-505 Restoration Committee...................................... 651 United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America.......... 556 United Paperworkers International Union.......................... 558 United States Advanced Ceramics Association...................... 1151 United States Public Interest Research Group..................... 141 University City Science Center................................... 926 Urban Consortium Energy Task Force............................... 1239 Utah, Garfield County............................................ 10 Utah, Kane County................................................ 10 Washington Opera................................................. 1258 Western Ancient Forest Campaign.................................. 342 Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies................ 549 Western Research Institute....................................... 1182 Westinghouse..................................................... 957 Weston Observatory, Boston College............................... 1292 Wild Utah Forest Campaign........................................ 394 Wilderness Society............................................... 401 Wildlife Management Institute.................................... 496 Wildlife Society................................................. 185 World Wildlife Fund.............................................. 507 Yukon River Drainage Fisheries Association....................... 520 Zeigler, Joseph.................................................. 1104 [[Pages 1 - 1303]] [The official Committee record contains additional material here.]