Opportunities for PrEP continue to be missed in key populations. We established a PrEP navigation program (“SNAPS”) with the goals to (1) increase PrEP uptake among groups disproportionately impacted by HIV and (2) preserve and improve PrEP adherence in an NYC safety-net hospital setting.SNAPS consisted of 5 components: (1) Surveillance of clinical sites where STI testing is high but PrEP use is rare e.g., ED and Women’s Health Clinic (WHC), (2) Navigation for PrEP-eligible individuals (3) Accelerated follow-up with PrEP experts, (4) Point-of-care counseling and lab testing, and (5) Seamless longitudinal care. SNAPS launched 6/2019 with 2 full-time navigators. One year pre- vs post-SNAPS implementation we compared the sociodemographic profiles of PrEP initiators, their site of enrollment, and their medication possession ratios (MPRs), a proxy for PrEP adherence. Those on PrEP were a mixture of urgent and continuity care adults initiating PrEP at a safety-net hospital system. Bivariable analyses, employing Chi-square and t-test statistics, were conducted to compare sociodemographic profiles and MPR pre- vs post-SNAPS.We analyzed data on 274 (n=147 pre-SNAPS and n=127 post-SNAPS) individuals on PrEP. Compared to the pre-SNAPS period, post-SNAPS individuals were more likely to be cisgender women (33.9% vs 13.6%), Black or Latinx (84.3% vs 49.6%), uninsured (35.4% vs 29.3%), and Spanish speaking (58.3% vs 17.0%) (Table 1). Post-SNAPS individuals were more likely to be started on PrEP from the ED (51.2% vs 0%) or WHC clinic (10.2% vs 0%). Mean MPR for post-SNAPS was significantly lower than pre-SNAPS, 0.64 vs 0.89 (p < 0.001). Among post-SNAPS individuals, MSM were more likely to have higher MPRs compared to MSW and WSM individuals (Table 2). Furthermore, no difference in MPR was noted by race, preferred language, or insurance type.SNAPS successfully identified and linked key populations historically missed for PrEP opportunities. Efforts to improve SNAPS should target medication adherence.All Authors: No reported disclosures


Aeromonas caviae is an increasingly recognized etiological agent of acute gastroenteritis. Here, we report five draft genomes of A. caviae isolated from suspected cholera cases during the 2022–2023 cholera outbreak in Malawi. Aeromonas species cause a range of clinical infections, including gastroenteritis, bacteremia, septicemia, peritonitis, pneumonia, and wound infections  were identified as A. caviae by sequencing.The eviously . Genomiceviously . Of 68 iAeromonas species. The non-human reads were assembled using SPAdes v3.14.0 (A. caviae were identified by scanning the assemblies against PubMLST typing schemes (https://github.com/tseemann/mlst). The reads of A. caviae isolates from Malawi and those obtained from GenBank were mapped to the A. caviae reference genome strain 8LM (GenBank accession: CP024198) (https://github.com/tseemann/snippy) to generate pseudo-whole-genome alignments. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the alignment using snp-sites v2.5.1 Aeromonass v2.5.1 . Coding s v2.5.1 . Genome


Background: Breast cancer (BRCA) represents the most frequent diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide. Despite treatment advances, BRCAs eventually develop resistance to targeted therapies, resulting in poor prognosis. The identification of new biomarkers, like immune-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), could contribute to the clinical management of BRCA patients. In this report, we evaluated the LINC00426 expression in PAM50 BRCA subtypes from two clinical independent cohorts (BRCA-TCGA and GEO-GSE96058 datasets).Methods and results: Using Cox regression models and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, we identified that LINC00426 expression was a consistent overall survival (OS) predictor in luminal B (LB) BRCA patients. Subsequently, differential gene expression and gene set enrichment analyses identified that LINC00426 expression was associated with different immune-related and cancer-related pathways and processes in LB BRCA. Additionally, the LINC00426 expression was correlated with the infiltration level of diverse immune cell populations, alongside immune checkpoint and cytolytic activity-related gene expression.Conclusion: This evidence suggests that LINC00426 is a potential biomarker of immune phenotype and an OS predictor in PAM50 LB BRCA. In 2020, breast cancer (BRCA) was the most frequent diagnosed malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide . BRCA isLncRNAs are a class of non-protein-coding transcripts greater than 200 nucleotides in length. Within a cell, lncRNAs are key players in a wide range of biological functions like regulation of gene expression, chromatin modification, genomic imprinting, transcriptional and translational processing . PreviouLINC00426 is a human lncRNA gene which contains 38,105 bases in length and is in the 13q12.3 region of the DNA antisense strand  of public databases. Using Cox regression models and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, we found that LINC00426 expression is associated with OS in LB BRCA patients from both cohorts. Differential gene expression (DGE) and gene set enrichment analyses (GSEA) revealed that LINC00426 is associated with different immune-related and cancer-related pathways and processes in LB BRCA. Additionally, the LINC00426 expression correlates with immune-cell infiltration, expression of immune checkpoint genes (ICG) and cytolytic activity-related genes (CARG). These data suggest that LINC00426 is a potential biomarker of immune phenotype and an OS predictor in PAM50 LB BRCA.https://www.cbioportal.org/) and GDC Data Portal . Female patients who received neoadjuvant treatment and/or were lacking OS data were excluded, leaving a total of 927 patients analyzed in this study . The raw expression data were normalized to transcripts per million (TPM) and log2(TPM+1). A validation cohort (GSE96058) of 3,052 patients  was obtained from GEO database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE96058). Again, female patients were lacking OS data and/or samples with label “repl” were excluded. For both datasets, patients were stratified in groups of low and high expression of LINC00426 by PAM50 BRCA subtypes, based on the lower (25%) and upper quartile (75%), respectively.Clinical information and raw RNA-seq expression data from BRCA patients in different PAM50 subtypes were obtained from TCGA database through cBioPortal  and survminer (version 0.4.9). The absolute number of patients at risk by time (in months) was determined through the survfit command and n.risk option from survival (version 3.4.0). Univariate analyses were performed through Cox proportional hazards regression models to identify clinicopathological variables associated with OS of patients stratified by PAM50 BRCA subtypes. Multivariate analyses were performed using Cox proportional hazards regression models and OS predictor variables, statistically significant, obtained via univariate analyses. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals were obtained for each clinicopathological variable. These analyses were performed via survival (version 3.4.0) and survminer (version 0.4.9). p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Considering the OS data (in months), Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed through the log-rank test in patients stratified by PAM50 BRCA subtypes, according to the low and high expression of LINC00426. These analyses were performed using the R packages DESeq2 (version 1.38.1) (2FoldChange (LFC) > 1.5 and <−1.5 with adjusted p values < 0.05. Volcano plots were generated using the R package EnhancedVolcano (version 1.16.0). The list of differentially expressed genes was used to perform Gene Ontology (GO) over-representation analyses for biological processes and molecular functions, using the R package clusterProfiler (version 4.6.0)  . Raw coun 4.6.0) . Kyoto EGSEA (version 4.1.0) with default parameters and 1,000 permutations. Gene sets with nominal p values < 0.05 and FDR <25% were considered statistically significant, according to the GSEA User Guide instructions for sample size and phenotype permutations (https://www.gsea-msigdb.org/gsea/doc/GSEAUserGuideFrame.html?Interpreting_GSEA).Using the normalized RNA-seq expression data from groups of patients with low and high expression of LINC00426, a GSEA  was perfhttps://cibersortx.stanford.edu/). This analysis was performed using the normalized gene expression data with 1,000 permutations. p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Using CIBERSORTx, an analytical software based on transcriptome deconvolution method to infer the cell-type-specific gene expression and cell type abundance from RNA-seq data, the relative abundance of 22 tumor-infiltrating immune cell populations was determined: naive B cells, memory B cells, plasma cells, CD8 T cells, naive CD4 T cells, memory CD4 T cells (resting), memory CD4 T cells (activated), T follicular helper cells, regulatory T cells, gamma-delta T cells, NK cells (resting), NK cells (activated), monocytes, M0 macrophages, M1 macrophages, M2 macrophages, dendritic cells (resting), dendritic cells (activated), mast cells (resting), mast cells (activated), eosinophils and neutrophils    . Similarnd PRF1) .http://gepia2.cancer-pku.cn/#general)  . The OS GraphPad Prism (version 8.3.0) and R package ggpubr (version 0.5.0). The non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to identify differences in the LINC00426 expression between PAM50 BRCA subtypes. The non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test was performed to determine differences in the infiltration level of immune cell populations, ICG and CARG expression between groups of BRCA patients with low and high expression of LINC00426. Spearman correlation analyses were performed to determine statistical relationships between the LINC00426 expression and the infiltration level of immune cell populations, ICG and CARG expression . p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Statistical analyses were performed through n = 927) found high expression of LINC00426 in non-luminal compared to luminal BRCA subtypes. Significant differences were identified between LA and BL (p = 0.0063), LB and HER2-enriched (p = 0.0089), LB and BL (p = 0.0004) subtypes. No significant difference was observed in the LINC00426 expression between LA and HER2-enriched subtypes (p = 0.0878) (p = 0.28), HER2-enriched (p = 0.21) and BL BRCA patients (p = 0.12) (p = 0.01) (p = 0.024), with no significance observed in LA (p = 0.288), HER2-enriched (p = 0.246) and BL (p = 0.133) subtypes  . The cli = 0.12) . However = 0.01) , respectsubtypes . The OS subtypes . These rsubtypes .CLEC6A, IFNG, PLA2G2D, DCD and GNAT3) and 224 genes were upregulated     . Subsequd NELL1) , alongsi < 0.05) . The KEG < 0.05) .p-value < 0.05 and FDR <25%) with eight immune-related gene sets  and seven cancer-related gene sets    . In contDR <25%) . Altogetp = 0.0242), plasma cells (p = 0.0324), CD8 T cells (p < 0.0001), memory CD4 T cells (resting) (p = 0.0220), memory CD4 T cells (activated) (p < 0.0001), gamma-delta T cells (p < 0.0001), M1 macrophages (p < 0.0001) and increased infiltration of memory B cells (p < 0.0001), NK cells (resting) (p < 0.0001), M0 macrophages (p < 0.0001), M2 macrophages (p < 0.0001), mast cells (resting) (p = 0.0018), mast cells (activated) (p = 0.0005) and eosinophils (p < 0.0001). These immune cell infiltration patterns are reverted in patients with high expression of LINC00426 (p > 0.05)  . These rPDCD1, PDCD1LG2, CD274, CTLA4, LAG3, TIGIT and IDO1) and CARGs  expression in the PAM50 LB subtype from the BRCA-TCGA cohort. Spearman correlation analyses indicated that LINC00426 expression, positively and significatively, correlates with PDCD1 (R = 0.797), PDCD1LG2 (R = 0.736), CD274 (R = 0.618), CTLA4 (R = 0.821), LAG3 (R = 0.639), TIGIT (R = 0.901), IDO1 (R = 0.738), GZMA (R = 0.878), GZMB (R = 0.749), PRF1 (R = 0.830), ICG (R = 0.843) and CARG signatures (R = 0.845) (p < 0.001) (p < 0.0001) (p < 0.001)  . Concord 0.0001) . Further< 0.001) . These rn = 3,052). The clinicopathological characteristics of PAM50 BRCA patients from this cohort are described in p < 0.0001), LA and BL (p < 0.0001), LB and HER2-enriched (p < 0.0001), and LB and BL BRCA subtypes (p < 0.0001) (p = 0.98) (p = 0.042) (p = 0.005) and BL (p = 0.005) BRCA patients in the GEO-GSE96058 cohort  . Kaplan- = 0.98) , while t= 0.042) . In cont8 cohort . These f8 cohort . Multiva8 cohort . In addi8 cohort .p = 0.0003), plasma cells (p = 0.0225), CD8 T cells (p < 0.0001), memory CD4 T cells (resting) (p < 0.0001), memory CD4 T cells (activated) (p < 0.0001), gamma-delta T cells (p = 0.0004), M1 macrophages (p < 0.0001) and increased infiltration levels of memory B cells (p = 0.0049), NK cells (resting) (p < 0.0001), M0 macrophages (p = 0.0059), M2 macrophages (p < 0.0001), mast cells (resting) (p < 0.0001), mast cells (activated) (p < 0.0001) and eosinophils (p < 0.0001) (p = 0.0020), regulatory T cells (p < 0.0001), NK cells (activated) (p < 0.0001) and increased infiltration of naive CD4 T cells (p = 0.0137), dendritic cells (activated) (p = 0.0038) and neutrophils (p < 0.0001) (p > 0.05)  . In addi 0.0001) , when co 0.0001) . The inf > 0.05) .PDCD1 (R = 0.763), PDCD1LG2 (R = 0.687), CD274 (R = 0.648), CTLA4 (R = 0.770), LAG3 (R = 0.664), TIGIT (R = 0.807), IDO1 (R = 0.737), GZMA (R = 0.783), GZMB (R = 0.705), PRF1 (R = 0.763), ICG (R = 0.792) and CARG signatures (R = 0.773) (p < 0.001) (p < 0.0001) (p < 0.001) (We corroborated that LINC00426 expression positively correlates with the expression of < 0.001) . The exp 0.0001) . Also, t< 0.001) . These rThe expression of lncRNAs vary between different cancer types and can promote or antagonize tumor progression ; therefoIn this study, we found that LINC00426 expression is a consistent OS predictor in PAM50 LB BRCA in the BRCA-TCGA and GEO-GSE96058 cohorts, in contrast to other subtypes. Particularly, the low and high expression of LINC00426 was associated with reduced and increased OS in LB BRCA patients, respectively. Interestingly, a previous study showed a similar prognostic behavior for LINC00426 in LUAD and NSCLC . In contPrevious reports demonstrated that LINC00426 promotes LUAD progression and doxorubicin resistance in OSA, suggesting a potential oncogenic role of LINC00426 in these cancers . ConversSeveral studies demonstrated that tumor-intrinsic factors, like dysregulations on diverse oncogenic pathways, modulate the host’s anti-tumor immune response depending on the cancer type and cellular context . We idenCCL2 through epigenetic pathways and hnRNPL binding to the promotor region of CCL2, which results in the recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages to the TIME of bladder cancer, promoting lymphatic metastasis via VEGF-C excretion . In addition, previous studies showed relationships between lncRNAs, including FENDRR and BCAR4, with the expression of cytokines and chemokines in cancer, which could modulate the infiltration of immune cells to the TIME . Chen etxcretion . FurtherGZMA and PFR1) are important to determine the functional status of local anti-tumor immune response  and CARGs . We suggest that LINC00426 could be involved, directly or indirectly, in the regulation of ICGs and CARGs expression in PAM50 LB BRCA. Studies demonstrated that the lncRNAs XIST, TSIX and MALAT1 regulate the PD-L1 expression in BRCA through ceRNA networks  and cytolytic activity markers (i.e., response . Reportsresponse  with Xiain ccRCC . We idennetworks . AdditioAlthough the importance of the immune response was reported in LB BRCA , there aThe main limitations of our study are related to its retrospective nature and bioinformatics approach based on transcriptomic data, limiting the mechanistic conclusions of LINC00426. Validation of these findings is needed through methodologies like multiplex immunofluorescence or flow cytometry. Future studies focused on LINC00426 in PAM50 LB BRCA are needed that include experimental approaches to gain a wide understanding about the exact functional role of LINC00426. Despite these limitations, we conclude that LINC00426 is a potential biomarker of cancer immune phenotype whose expression has a consistent and an OS prognostic value in PAM50 LB BRCA patients in two independent cohorts, which suggest a potential use for immunotherapies selection in patients, but further analyses are mandatory to confirm this hypothesis.


Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases 10.1038/s41391-022-00555-0, published online 03 June 2022.Correction to: In Table The original article has been corrected.Page 4: Last sentence before the section of Survival analysis.p < 0.0001; Table In patients with pre-existing CVD and receiving ADT for ≥6 months, a 70% lower risk of composite CV events was determined in GnRH antagonisttreated patients than GnRHa-treated patients (aHR 0.30; 95% CI, 0.16–0.54;


The correct name is: Yuelong Yan. The correct citation is: Yan Y, Zhang C, Hao J, Wang X-L, Ming J, Mi L, et al. (2019) DPPA2/4 and SUMO E3 ligase PIAS4 opposingly regulate zygotic transcriptional program. PLoS Biol 17(6): e3000324.


Anaerostipes hadrus strains BA1 and GIF7 were isolated from a healthy man. The complete genomes’ sizes are 2,946,270 bp (BA1) and 2,907,308 bp (GIF7), with high average nucleotide identity (ANIb = 100%) and alignments ≥96.86% between strains. Conversely, both strains share 97.47% (ANIb) identity and ≤77.36% alignments to A. hadrus ATCC 29173T. Anaerostipes of Bacillota phylum and Lachnospiraceae family are known most prominently for producing butyrate  was first isolated in 1976  agar (Oxoid) were sub-cultured in BHI broth (4 mL) for DNA extraction. Cells were lysed using MP Biomedicals bead-beating tubes on a Fast-Prep 24/5G at 6.0 m/sec for 40 s followed by DNA purification using a Promega Maxwell-16-FFS kit without modifications to the manufacturer’s protocol. Paired-end 150-bp reads were sequenced on an Illumina NovaSeq without modifications to TruSeq Nano DNA library prep kit. Default software parameters were applied unless stated otherwise. Trimmomatic v.0.39 was used to trim and remove adapters from Illumina reads . Bo. BoA. haentities . A high entities .


J Clin Endo Metab Case Reports. 2023; 1(1): 10.1210/jcemcr/luac017), a production error occurred in the PDF version of Figure 1 regarding patient information.In the above-named article by Raven LM, Greenfield JR, and Muir CA (The article has been corrected online.The publisher regrets the error.10.1210/jcemcr/luac017doi:


Applying data-reduction techniques to extract meaningful information from electronic performance and tracking systems (EPTS) has become a hot topic in football training load (TL) monitoring. The aim of this study was to reduce the dimensionality of the internal and external load measures, by a principal component approach, to describe and explain the resultant equations for TL monitoring during a standard in-season microcycle in sub-elite youth football. Additionally, it is intended to identify the most representative measure for each principal component. A principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted with a Monte Carlo parallel analysis and VariMax rotation to extract baseline characteristics, external TL, heart rate (HR)-based measures and perceived exertion. Training data were collected from sixty sub-elite young football players during a 6-week training period using 18 Hz global positioning system (GPS) with inertial sensors, 1 Hz short-range telemetry system, total quality recovery (TQR) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Five principal components accounted for 68.7% of the total variance explained in the training data. Resultant equations from PCA was subdivided into: (1) explosiveness, accelerations and impacts (27.4%); (2) high-speed running (16.2%); (3) HR-based measures (10.0%); (4) baseline characteristics (8.3%); and (5) average running velocity (6.7%). Considering the highest factor in each principal component, decelerations (PCA 1), sprint distance (PCA 2), average HR (PCA 3), chronological age (PCA 4) and maximal speed (PCA 5) are the conditional dimension to be considered in TL monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football players. Current research provides the first composite equations to extract the most representative components during a standard in-season microcycle in sub-elite youth football players. Futures research should expand the resultant equations within training days, by considering other well-being measures, technical-tactical skills and match-related contextual factors. This isimpacts) . Otherwiimpacts) . The resimpacts) . Combiniimpacts) .Additionally, the emergent tracking tools appears to have created confusion in dose-response considerations given the data analysis requirement to extract relevant information from large amounts of data . This kiPrincipal component analysis (PCA) is one of the most used data-reduction techniques to extract redundant information from TL data in football . Using an = 20), U17 (n = 20) and U19 (n = 20) sub-elite youth football academy  15  was assured to perform PCA analysis   within a little pocket on the upper back between both scapulae of a custom-made vest (The training data eligibility considered the following inclusion criteria: (a) youth football players aged between 13 and 20 years old (and U19) ; (b) youand U19) ; (c) traand U19) ; (d) traand U19) , 2022a. and U19) . For ETLade vest . All metade vest .n = 41), MD-2 (n = 38), and MD-1 (n = 44)  (Using a “match day minus format” (MD), the weekly microcycle included the training sessions MD-3 (Tuesday), MD-2 (Wednesday), and MD-1 (Friday). The number of observation for each training day was: MD-3 ((n = 44) , 2021b. (n = 44) . All tra 52–66%) .i.e., MD-3, MD-2 and MD-1)  was categorized in accordance with nd MD-1) . Small, ®, Northern Ireland) (® devices was good (bias 5%) (−1)), maximal running speed (MRS (m·s−1)), relative high-speed running (rHSR (m): 19.8–25.1 km·h−1) distance (m), high metabolic load distance (HMLD (m) > 25.5 W·kg−1), number sprints (n) and average sprint distance (SPR (m) (>25.1 km·h−1)) (m), dynamic stress load (DSL (a.u.)), number of ACC (>3 m·s−2) and number of decelerations (DEC < 3 m·s−2)  coupled with accelerometer (100 Hz), magnetometer (10 Hz) and gyroscope (100 Hz) (STATSports ApexIreland) . With a Ireland) . The accbias 5%) . The ETL3 m·s−2) , 2022a (3 m·s−2) .® TM HR band  was used to capture HR-based measurements utilizing a 1 Hz short-range telemetry system (max), average heart rate (HRmean), percentage of HRmax (%HRmax) and individual players’ training impulse (TRIMP) were monitored   , 2022a  .®  with minimum clothing. Height (cm) was collected using an electronic stadiometer . Players’ height (m), weight (kg) and sitting height (cm) were recorded by the average of three measurements to the nearest 0.1 using international units (IU). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by dividing weight by the square of height (kg/m2). BMI’s cut-offs used were: underweight < 18.5 kg/m2, normal 18.50–24.99 kg/m2, overweight ≥ 25 kg/m2, obese ≥ 30 kg/m2 (n = 52), mid-PHV (n = 65) and post-PHV (n = 207).Players’ individual characteristics were collected by height (m), weight (kg), chronological age (years), sitting height (cm) and experience level (years). Anthropometric measures were measured using standard the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) guidelines . Body ma30 kg/m2 . Relativ30 kg/m2 . Based o30 kg/m2 . Sub-elii.e., anthropometric and maturational status) and the ITL measures  of the first principal component. The loadings must have a sum of squares of exactly one. This is due to the possibility of a considerable variation when loadings are of a great magnitude.n), along which data varies the most  have mean values equal to zero and standard deviations equal to one  and its weighted load vector (d vector .r < 0.4 (p < 0.05. Data are presented as the mean ± SD using JASP software (jasp-stats.org).A data reduction technique was conducted using a principal component analysis (PCA) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) . Monte Cr < 0.4 . Weightir < 0.4 . Kolmogovia HRmax, AvHR, %HR and TRIMP. The fourth PCA explained 8.3% of the baseline outset . The fifth PCA explained 6.7% of the accumulated TL . Constantly, PHV, relative age, experience level and BMI were excluded from the PCA (r < 0.4).i.e., PHV, relative age, experience level and BMI). Also, KMO’s criteria reported a sampling adequacy of sampled data, reporting a considerable proportion of the variance as result of the underlying factors (KMO = 0.73). Furthermore, significant Barlett Sphericity test was significant (p < 0.001).The weightings (eigenvectors) of the PCA analysis are represented by a path graph in The resultant equations from extracted principal component are presented in The aim of this study was to reduce the dimensionality of the internal and external load measures, by a PCA approach, in order to describe and explain the resultant equations for TL monitoring during a standard microcycle in a sub-elite youth football players. Additionally, it is intended to identify the most representative measure for each principal component. After data reduction, five principal components were extracted from TL dataset explaining 68.7% of the total variance. The TL measures with the highest weight in each PCA were DEC, SPR distance, average HR, chronological age and MRS.i.e., HRmax, AvHR, %HRmax and TRIMP), confirming the correlation between HR-based measures and ETL outcomes  explosiveness, ACC and impacts (27.4%); (2) HSR (16.2%); (3) heart bate-based measures (10.0%); (4) baseline characteristics (8.3%); (5) average running velocity (6.7%). Considering the highest representative factor in each principal component, the variables considered were DEC (PCA 1), SPR distance (PCA 2), average HR (PCA 3), chronological age (PCA 4) and MRS (PCA 5). In football, outcomes . The fououtcomes . In lineoutcomes . Also, toutcomes . Indeed,outcomes . Effectioutcomes , 2018. Loutcomes , 2022c. outcomes , 2020.i.e., eigenvalues between 1.0% and 68.0%)  . Albeit,d 68.0%) .Current applied PCA determine the resultant equations from individual-based principal components, expressing by major component weightings . Indeed,i.e., small-sided and conditioned games), training day , age group  and maturational bands   . Additioost-PHV) . Also, tost-PHV) . Howeverost-PHV) . Furtherost-PHV) . In geneost-PHV) . Furtherost-PHV) . Finallyost-PHV) , 2021b. ost-PHV) .Current resultant composite equations can be applied to relative contribution of the ITL and ETL measures for monitoring and management load in sub-elite youth football.Data reduction techniques decrease the redundant information and dimensionality of the training data, expressing in the following principal components: explosiveness and impacts, high-speed running, heart bate-based measures, baseline characteristics and average running velocity.Considering the highest factor in each principal component, DEC (PCA 1), sprint distance (PCA 2), average HR (PCA 3), chronological age (PCA 4) and maximal speed (PCA 5) are the conditional dimension to be considered in TL monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football players.Maturational status should be carefully considered in the TL monitoring together with relative age effect, chronological and baseline characteristics.Self-perception and practice experience may affect the variance explained by perceived exertion and pacing behavior.Training intensity and volume can be more accurately measured by current resultant composite equations and/or most representative factor for a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football players.Futures research should expand the resultant equations for TL monitoring in sub-elite youth football with well-being, technical-tactical and match-related contextual factors.Using a PCA approach, five principal components could be applied to extract to describe and explain resultant equations for TL monitoring during an in-season standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football. Current research provides the first composite equations to extract the TL in this specific population expressed as explosiveness and impacts, high-speed running, HR-based measures, baseline characteristics and average running velocity. Considering the highest factor in each principal component, DEC (PCA 1), SPR distance (PCA 2), average HR (PCA 3), chronological age (PCA 4) and maximal SPR (PCA 5) are the conditional dimension to be considered in TL monitoring during a standard microcycle in sub-elite youth football players.Future research should expand the resultant equations within the microcycle, by considering other well-being measures, technical-tactical factors and match-related contextual factors.10.7717/peerj.15806/supp-1Supplemental Information 1The individual data of the variables selected for this study.Click here for additional data file.


Arthrobacter globiformis B-2979 culture. MrAaronian has > 99% nucleotide identity with cluster AW arthrobacteriophages Michelle, Stayer, Sloopyjoe, and StarLord.Arthrobacteriophage MrAaronian contains a 54,509 bp DNA genome with 87 predicted protein-coding genes. MrAaronian has siphovirus morphology and was collected from a flowerbed soil sample in Poughkeepsie, NY, and isolated on an  Arthrobacter group of bacteria is unusual since they appear as Gram-negative rods in young cultures and as Gram-positive cocci in older cultures  coordinates: 41.72201 N, 73.930158 W]. The sample was washed with peptone-yeast calcium (PYCa) liquid media, and the supernatant was passed through a 0.22 µm syringe filter. The filtrate was incubated with host biformis . High-tiry Guide .Bacteriophage genomic DNA was extracted using a Promega Wizard DNA Clean-Up System , and sequencing libraries were prepared using the NEBNext Ultra II DNA Library Prep Kit . Libraries were sequenced by Illumina MiSeq at the Pittsburgh Bacteriophage Institute to generate 607,351 total single-end reads of 150-base read length. A single bacteriophage contig with 6,670× coverage was assembled using Newbler v2.9 and checked for completeness and genomic termini using Consed v29 (https://discover.kbrinsgd.org), and DNA Master v5.23.6 (http://phagesdb.org/DNAMaster/). Consistent with other cluster AW bacteriophages, no tRNA genes were identified using Aragorn v1.1 (12) and tRNAscan-SE v2.0 (BLASTn  query of-SE v2.0 . TmHmm a-SE v2.0  assessed-SE v2.0  and HHPr-SE v2.0 , which i-SE v2.0  showing -SE v2.0 . All too


Nacubactam is a new non-β-lactam diazabicyclooctane β-lactamase inhibitor that inhibits penicillin binding protein 2 (PBP2) of Enterobacterales and acts synergistically as a β-lactam enhancer when combined with β-lactams. Nacubactam is under development for the treatment of serious Gram-negative infections. We evaluated the in vitro activity of cefepime-nacubactam against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) clinical strains isolated at six medical facilities in Japan.Activity of cefepime-nacubactam (1:1 ratio) was tested against 376 CRE (MIC of meropenem or imipenem: ≥2 mg/L). The MICs were evaluated by the broth microdilution method according to the CLSI using frozen-panels  containing various antimicrobial agents. The percentage susceptible (%S) for cefepime-nacubactam was calculated using the CLSI susceptible breakpoint of cefepime.Escherichia coli, 27; Klebsiella spp., 89; Enterobacter spp.; 56; others, 12), the MIC50/MIC90 and %S were 8/32 mg/L and 4.9%S for meropenem, 4/32 mg/L and 29.3%S for imipenem, 32/ >128 mg/L and 31.1%S as 8 mg/L for cefepime and 2/4 mg/L and 95.7%S for cefepime-nacubactam, respectively. Against non-CPE , the MIC50/MIC90 and %S were 0.5/8 mg/L and 53.6%S for meropenem, 2/8 mg/L and 12.0%S for imipenem, 2/ >128 mg/L and 66.7%S as 8 mg/L for cefepime and 0.25/4 mg/L and 99.0%S for cefepime-nacubactam, respectively. The MIC50/MIC90 and %S of cefepime-nacubactam was 2/4 mg/L and 94.9%S against 156 MBL-producing CRE, and 0.5/2 mg/L and 100%S against non-MBL-producing CRE including 14 KPC and 8 OXA-producing strains and 6 strains producing other carbapenemases. Nacubactam alone showed limited activity against CPE  and non-CPE .The collection included 184 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) strains and 192 carbapenemase-non-producing Enterobacterales (non-CPE) strains. Against CPE (In vitro activity of cefepime-nacubactam against CRE isolated in JapanCefepime-nacubactam demonstrated potent activity against both CPE and non-CPE/CRE clinical strains. This is the first study to report the activity of cefepime-nacubactam against carbapenemase-non-producing CRE, which accounts for 80% of CRE in Japan.Katsunori Yanagihara, MD, PhD, FUJIFILM Toyama Chemical Co., Ltd.: Commissioned research|KYORIN Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.: Commissioned research Hiroshige Mikamo, M.D, Ph.D, Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation: Grant/Research Support|Merck Sharp & Dohme: Honoraria|Pfizer Inc.: Grant/Research Support|Pfizer R&D Japan: Honoraria|Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd.: Grant/Research Support|Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd.: Honoraria Yohei Doi, MD, PhD, bioMerieux: Advisor/Consultant|FujiFilm: Advisor/Consultant|Gilead: Advisor/Consultant|Gilead: Honoraria|GSK: Advisor/Consultant|Meiji Seika Pharma: Advisor/Consultant|Moderna: Advisor/Consultant|Moderna: Honoraria|MSD: Advisor/Consultant|MSD: Honoraria|Shionogi: Advisor/Consultant|Shionogi: Grant/Research Support|Shionogi: Honoraria


T and NL03-T5-1, were isolated from a soil sample collected from the Nanling National Forests, Guangdong Province, PR China. The two strains were Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped and had lophotrichous flagellation. Strain NL03-T5T could secrete extracellular mucus whereas NL03-T5-1 could not. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the two strains belong to the genus Cohnella, were most closely related to Cohnella lupini LMG 27416T (95.9% and 96.1% similarities), and both showed 94.0% similarity with Cohnella arctica NRRL B-59459T, respectively. The two strains showed 99.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between them. The draft genome size of strain NL03-T5T was 7.44 Mbp with a DNA G+C content of 49.2 mol%. The average nucleotide identities (ANI) and the digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between NL03-T5T and NL03-T5-1 were 99.98% and 100%, indicating the two strains were of the same species. Additionally, the ANI and dDDH values between NL03-T5T and C. lupini LMG 27416T were 76.1% and 20.4%, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids of strain NL03-T5T included anteiso-C15:0 and iso-C16:0. The major polar lipids and predominant respiratory quinone were diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG) and menaquinone-7 (MK-7). Based on phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characterization, genomic DNA G+C content, and ANI and dDDH values, strains NL03-T5T and NL03-T5-1 represent novel species in the genus Cohnella, for which the name Cohnella silvisoli is proposed. The type strain is NL03-T5T (=GDMCC 1.2294T = JCM 34999T). Furthermore, comparative genomics revealed that the genus Cohnella had an open pan-genome. The pan-genome of 29 Cohnella strains contained 41,356 gene families, and the number of strain-specific genes ranged from 6 to 1649. The results may explain the good adaptability of the Cohnella strains to different habitats at the genetic level.Two strains, designated NL03-T5 Cohnella, which lies within the family Paenibacillaceae of the order Bacillales, was first proposed by Kämpfer et al. with the description of Cohnella thermotolerans as the type species , and catalase activity was determined by bubble production after mixing cells with 3% H2O2. Gliding motility was checked by observing the edges of colonies formed on 1:6-diluted R2A and using the hanging drop technique as described by Bernardet et al. (2002) [w/v), CM-cellulose , Tween 20  and 40  were examined as described by Son et al. [The morphological features of strains NL03-T5. (2002) . Hydrolyn et al. . Other pT and its related species were harvested from R2A agar after being incubated for 4 d at 30 ℃. Fatty acid methyl esters were extracted using the Sherlock Microbial Identification System (MIDI) protocol version 6.1 and analyzed by gas chromatography  as previously described [For cellular fatty acids, polar lipids, and respiratory quinones analysis, strain NL03-T5escribed . The polescribed . Respiraescribed  and analT and NL03-T5-1 were sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq platform at Shanghai Majorbio Bio-Pharm Technology Co., Ltd. . Sequencing reads were assembled into contigs and scaffolds by applying SPAdes version 3.11.1 with default parameters [http://rast.nmpdr.org/, accessed on 1 August 2023) with default parameters. The genes encoding carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes) were identified using the dbCAN2 meta server  with HMMER annotation , and biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) were annotated using antiSMASH bacterial version 6.1.1  with default parameters, respectively. All 27 reference genomes of the genus Cohnella were downloaded from the NCBI database. A pan-genome analysis was performed using the bacterial pan-genome analyses tool (BPGA) pipeline [https://www.bic.ac.cn/ImageGP/, accessed on 1 August 2023). The genomic DNAs of strains NL03-T5rameters , and thepipeline . The dathttps://ggdc.dsmz.de/, accessed on 1 August 2023) [www.ezbiocloud.net/tools/ani, accessed on 1 August 2023) [Cohnella was reconstructed based on 92 up-to-date core genes using the software UBCG version 3.0 [Overall genome relatedness indices (OGRI) including the digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values were calculated using the Genome-to-Genome Distance Calculator (GGDC) (st 2023)  and Orthst 2023) , respectsion 3.0  with a mT and NL03-T5-1 showed 99.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. In the EzBiocloud and NCBI databases, the two strains were closely related to the species of the genus Cohnella and showed the highest similarities with C. lupini LMG 27416T (95.9% and 96.1%), and they both exhibited 95.3% and 94.0% similarities with C. abietis HS21T and C. arctica NRRL B-59459T, respectively. The 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic trees based on the ML, NJ, and ME methods  NaCl  NaCl . StrainsT and its reference species C. abietis HS21T, C. lupini LMG 27416T, and C. arctica NRRL B-59459T are given in T contained a large amount of anteiso-C15:0 (50.7%) and iso-C16:0 (21.2%), and small amounts of C16:0 (7.2%), iso-C15:0 (5.5%), anteiso-C17:0 (4.0%), iso-C14:0 (3.7%), iso-C14:0 (1.9%), anteiso-C13:0 (1.6%) and C14:0 (1.3%). The prominent fatty acids were similar to other species of the genus Cohnella, indicating that strain NL03-T5T is a member of the genus Cohnella. However, strain NL03-T5T contained a higher amount of iso-C16:0 than its closely related species C. abietis HS21T, and it contained a lower amount of C16:0 and a higher amount of iso-C15:0 and iso-C16:0 than C. lupini LMG 27416T and C. arctica NRRL B-59459T. Moreover, strain NL03-T5T did not contain alcohol-C16:1 ω7c (6.5%) or C16:1 ω11c (7.0%) whereas C. lupini LMG 27416T did. These significant differences in the fatty acids clearly distinguished strain NL03-T5T from other related species. The major polar lipids of strain NL03-T5T were DPG and PE, which were in common with its closely related species. Otherwise, four unidentified amino phospholipids (APLs) were also detected in strain NL03-T5T , and higher than C. abietis HS21T (44.8%) , amino acids and derivatives (17.3%), protein metabolism (9.3%) and cofactors, vitamins, prosthetic groups, and pigments (8.9%)  and carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) constituting the most abundant families  . The diss (8.9%) . In addi strains . The antfamilies . Additiomination , indicatCohnella strains comprised 41,356 gene families. The core genes were present in all 29 genomes, accessory genes were present in 2–28 genomes, and unique genes were present only in one genome. The numbers of core genes, accessory genes, and unique genes were 492 (1.2%), 19,166 (46.3%), and 21,698 (52.5%), respectively  in the power-law regression function. New gene distribution and gene family distribution of the 29 Cohnella strains are shown in Cohnella strains to different habitats through gene gains or losses during frequent evolutionary changes at the genetic level. The pan-genome of the 29 ectively a. The nuectively b, sugges genomes c. The cuT and NL03-T5-1, from a soil sample collected from the Nanling National Forests, PR China. The two strains showed 99.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The ANI and dDDH values between them are 99.98% and 100%. These results indicate the two strains are of the same species. However, strain NL03-T5T could secrete extracellular mucus whereas NL03-T5-1 could not  [Cohnella strains contained 41,356 gene families, and the numbers of core genes, accessory genes, and unique genes were 492, 19,166, and 21,698, respectively (Cohnella strains might be associated with their colonized environments.The genus er (HGT) . The panectively a,c. TettCohnella silvisoli .w/v) NaCl. Oxidase and catalase are -negative. It can hydrolyze Tween 20, but not Tween 40, casein, or CM-cellulose. Additionally, it can hydrolyze gelatin or not. The major fatty acids (>10%) include anteiso-C15:0 (50.7%) and iso-C16:0 (21.2%). The predominant polar lipid is DPG. The main respiratory quinone is MK-7. The API ZYM test result was positive for alkaline phosphatase, esterase, lipase, leucine arylamidase, acid phosphatase, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, α-galactosidase, β-galactosidase, α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase and α-mannosidase; but negative for valine arylamidase, cystine arylamidase, trypsin, α-chymotrypsin and α-fucosidase. The API 20NE test results were positive for gelatin hydrolysis, 4-nitrophenyl-β-d-galactopyranosidase and β-glucosidase or not; but negative for nitrate reduction, indole production, glucose fermentation, arginine dihydrolase and urease. It can assimilate glucose, L-arabinose, mannose, mannitol, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, maltose, gluconate, adipate, malic acid, citric acid, phenylacetic acid and capric acid or not.Cells are aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, lophotrichous flagellation, rod-shaped, 1.2–2.0 μm long and 0.4–0.6 μm in diameter after incubation on R2A agar for 4 d. Colonies on R2A agar are white-cream, circular, convex with extracellular secretions or not. Growth occurs at 15–37 ℃ and at a pH range from 5.0 to 8.5 . Cells can tolerate 0.5% (T (=GDMCC 1.2294T = JCM 34999T), which was isolated from a soil sample collected from the Nanling National Forests, Guangdong Province, PR China. The genomic DNA G+C content of the type strain is 49.2 mol%.The type strain is NL03-T5


Correction: BMC Genomics 24, 212 (2023)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-023-09310-8Following publication of the original article , it was Additional file 1: Supplementary table 1. List of candidate genes for WES analysis. Supplementary table 2. Annotation of candidate variants identified in the 22 eoRCC patients.Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 8.


TERT (rs2736100), CCDC26 (rs4295627), CDKN2A/B (rs4977756) and RTEL1 (rs6010620) gene polymorphisms as the risk factors specific to glioma. However, the data samples of previous genetic-epidemiological studies are modest to determine whether they have definite association with glioma.Previous genetic-epidemiological studies considered The study paid attention to systematically searching databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, Cochrane Library and Google Scholars. Meta-analysis under 5 genetic models, namely recessive model (RM), over-dominant model (O-DM), allele model (AM), co-dominant model (C-DM) and dominant model (DM) was conducted for generating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). That was accompanied by subgroup analyses according to various racial groups. The software STATA 17.0 MP was implemented in the study.TERT gene rs2736100 polymorphism, CCDC26 gene rs4295627 polymorphism, CDKN2A/B gene rs4977756 polymorphism and RTEL1 gene rs6010620 polymorphisms increased the risk of glioma in Caucasians to different degrees. In Asian populations, the CCDC26 gene rs4295627 polymorphism and CDKN2A/B gene rs4977756 polymorphism did not exhibit a relevance to the risk of glioma. It is suggested to cautiously explain these results as the sample size is small.21 articles were collected. According to data analysis results, in four genetic models  TERT (rs2736100), CCDC26 (rs4295627), CDKN2A/B (rs4977756) and RTEL1 (rs6010620) genes in glioma might increase risk of glioma, but there are ethnic differences. Further studies evaluating these polymorphisms and glioma risk are warranted.The current meta-analysis suggested that the SNP of  Based oTERT), 8q24.21 , 9p21.3 , and 20q13.33  (TERT) is crucial for telomerase activity in preserving telomeres and cellular immortality (CCDC26) downregulates telomerase activity and increases apoptosis. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A/B (CDKN2A/B) can partially control the cell cycle. Regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1 (RTEL1), as a DNA helicase, can inhibit homologous recombination for directly maintaining the genomic stability  . Telomerortality . In conttability . These gTERT (RS2736100), CCDC26 (RS4295627), CDKN2A/B (RS497756), and RTEL1 (rs6010620).In this meta-analysis, we expanded sample size by enrolling up 21 articles and used five genetic models to examine the relationship between glioma and SNPs of 2The meta-analysis in the study was performed as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis version.2.1Literature search was carried out comprehensively in eight databases, namely PubMed, Embase, WoS, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholars. The MeSH term were as follows: “ OR (SNP) OR  OR (SNP) OR (SNP) OR (SNPs) OR (variation) OR (mutation)) AND ((Gliomas) OR (Glioma) OR  OR  OR  OR  OR (Mixed Glioma) OR  OR  OR  OR (Astrocytoma) OR (Glioblastoma) OR (Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma) OR (Ependymoma) OR  OR (Ganglioglioma) OR (Medulloblastoma) OR (Oligodendroglioma) OR (Optic Nerve Glioma)) AND (rs xxxxxxx)”. In addition, we screened relevant reviews and references from previous meta-analyses to increase the number of other eligible studies. The retrieval process was performed by two researchers independently. Any discrepancy was adjudicated by a senior investigator.2.2TERT gene, rs4295627 polymorphism of CCDC26 gene, rs4977756 polymorphism of CDKN2A/B gene and rs6010620 polymorphism of RTEL gene with glioma susceptibility;(1) case-control or cohort study and genome-related study regarding the association of rs2736100 polymorphism of (2) studies containing allelic and genotypic data or ORs and 95% CIs for susceptibility;(3) appropriate statistical methods and reliable data with clear and unambiguous expression of results, allowing calculation of the ORs and 95% CIs;(4) no overlapped data, and studies involving the same data or overlapped by the same authors, only the one that had the largest sample size or the most recently published.2.3(1) review, commentary, abstract, and case report types;TERT (rs2736100), CCDC26 (rs4295627), CDKN2A/B (rs4977756) and RTEL1 (rs6010620);(2) articles with original literature content did not involve (3) articles were unrelated to glioma research;(4) articles with insufficient data, such as those lacking gene frequency information or ORs with 95% CIs;(5) articles with non-human study subjects.2.4Each study covered the data of: the first author’s name, publication year, ethnicity , number of cases and controls with relevant genotypes, ORs and 95% CIs. In addition, the genetic model used in the article was checked. We applied the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for evaluating the literature quality. Two researchers performed independent data extraction and evaluated the literature quality. A senior investigator took charge of discrepancy arbitration.2.5p<0.05 reported statistical significance). Second, we measured the association degree of TERT (rs2736100), CCDC26 (rs4295627), TERT (rs2736100) and RTEL1 (rs6010620) with glioma risk under five genetic models using the ORs and 95% CIs, which were the RM, O-DM, AM, C-DM and DM.STATA 17.0 MP was implemented for all statistical analyses in this study. First, we performed the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) test .We merged the ORs and 95% CIs that satisfied the criteria under the same models. In addition, in all genetic models, subgroup analyses were carried out according to ethnic differences and the 33.1We initially searched 640 literature and eventually enrolled 21 eligible articles covering Caucasian, Asian, and others , 17–36. 3.23.2.1TERT gene rs2736100 polymorphism, allele G is the risk gene (TERT gene rs2736100 polymorphism led to increased glioma risk in 5 genetic models (AM (G vs T): OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.25 to 1.34; RM (GG vs TT+TG): OR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.18 to 1.44; DM (TG+GG vs TT): OR=1.52, 95% CI: 1.34 to 1.73; C-DM (GG vs TT): OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.56 to 1.82; C-DM (GT vs TT): OR=1.40, 95% CI: 1.31 to 1.49; O-DM (TT+GG vs TG): OR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.88 to 0.98). When stratifying the analysis according to ethnicity, we obtained similar results in Caucasians, although in the O-DM results only showed a trend of association with glioma (AM (G vs T): OR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.23 to 1.33; RM (GG vs TT+TG): OR=1.29, 95%CI: 1.13 to 1.47; DM (TG+GG vs TT): OR=1.51, 95% CI: 1.29 to 1.76; C-DM (GG vs TT): OR=1.64, 95% CI: 1.50 to 1.80; C-DM (GT vs TT): OR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.27 to 1.49; O-DM (TT+GG vs TG): OR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.87 to 1.00). Among Asians, we included only one study, and the results were similar to those of Caucasians. In the study of a multi-ethnic population, we included the study of Wrensch and Safaeian which revealed the relevance of the TERT gene rs2736100 polymorphism to increased glioma risk.In the isk gene Figure 23.2.2CCDC26 gene rs4295627 polymorphism, allele T was the risk gene : OR=0.92, 95% CI: 0.81 to 1.03. In one study, the RM (GG vs TT+TG): 0.52; 0.25~1.05; DM (TG+GG vs TT): 0.86; 0.60 to 1.23; C-DM (GG vs TT): 0.50; 0.24 to 1.05; C-DM (GT vs TT): 0.95; 0.65 to 1.38; O-DM (TT + GG vs TG): 0.97; 0.67 to 1.40.3.2.3CDKN2A/B gene rs4977756 polymorphism, allele T was the risk gene : OR=1.03, 95% CI: 0.91 to 1.17. In one study, the RM (GG vs AA+AG): 1.12; 0.53 to 2.34; DM (AG+GG vs AA): 0.96; 0.66 to 1.39; C-DM (GG vs AA): 1.09; 0.52 to 2.32; C-DM (GA vs AA): 0.94; 0.63 to 1.38; O-DM (AA+GG vs AG): 1.08; 0.73 to 1.58. In other study, RM (GG vs AA+AG): 0.68; 0.25 to 1.81; DM (AG+GG vs AA): 0.98; 0.60 to 1.58; C-DM (GG vs AA): 0.69; 0.25 to 1.87; C-DM (GA vs AA): 1.04; 0.63 to 1.73; O-DM (AA+GG vs AG): 0.93; 0.56 to 1.52.3.2.4RTEL1 gene rs6010620 polymorphism, allele T was the risk gene : OR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.22 to 1.48; RM (GG vs AA+AG): 2.04; 1.61 to 2.57; DM (AG+GG vs AA): 1.35; 1.20 to 1.52; C-DM (GG vs AA): 2.41; 1.09 to 3.04; C-DM (GA vs AA): 1.22; 1.07 to 1.38; O-DM (AA+GG vs AG): 0.93; 0.83 to 1.05.3.3Our study adopted Egger’s Test for evaluating the literature publication bias and the results are shown in In rs2376100, there was publication bias in AM (p=0.469). In rs4295627, publication bias existed in dominant, co-dominant and O-DM (DM (TG+GG vs TT): p=0.426; C-DM (GT vs TT): p=0.436; O-DM (TT+GG vs TG): p=0.427). In rs4977756, publication bias existed in O-DM (p=0.111). In rs6010620, publication bias existed in the recessive, dominant and O-DM (RM (GG vs AA+AG): p=0.010; DM (AG+GG vs AA): p=0.014; O-DM (AA+GG vs AG): p= 0.461).4Our study is one of the first ones with conducting the first meta-analysis with the largest sample size as far as we concern and we performed detailed analyses of multiple associated SNPs under five genetic models. Besides, stratified analyses were carried out considering ethnicity. This indicates reliable meta-analysis results.From the meta-analysis, allele G in the SNP at the rs2736100 locus differentially elevated glioma risk, which conforms to studies by Di Stefano . In partTERT is the most important component in regulating telomerase activity. A few scholars found the relevance of TERT expression to glioma grade and patients’ prognosis  presented shorter telomeres relative to people who possessed TG genotype  and p15 (CDKN2B) oncoproteins which play multiple roles in cellular stress recognition, senescence regulation, differentiation as well as apoptosis in the developmental and proliferative phases of cells  regions of genes. Intron SNPs possibly facilitate aberrant exon inclusion or deletion by altering mRNA splicing and the formation and addition regarding nonsense transcripts (RTEL1 gene rs6010620 on 20q13.33 is a vital candidate genetic variant that has been widely reported (RTEL1 was a direct target of miR-4530. The abnormal expression of RTEL1 could lead to obvious reversion of the miR-4530 overexpression in glioma cell lines. The miR-4530/RTEL1 axis acts as a latent treating target specific to gliomas (RTEL1 has been linked to the development of astrocytoma and Hoyeraal-Hreidarsson syndrome (RTEL1 can maintain genomic stability by studying its ability to maintain telomere homeostasis and promote DNA replication, there are still a lot of questions that shall be highlighted. Nowadays, researches have not confirmed the regulation of RTEL1 and its recruitment to impact the replication forks and telomeres (nscripts , 57. Thereported . As repo gliomas . Not onlStudying the association between the risk of glioma and SNPs is definitive, because it could help clinicians use such polymorphisms as pragmatic molecular biomarkers of glioma risk, assist drug developers innovate relevant targeted therapeutic agents for the benefit of patients, and allow for basic researchers to explore the molecular mechanisms of glioma pathogenesis and accurately regulate glioma progression. According to meta-analysis results, racial differences exist in the risk of glioma, but there is a paucity of studies on Asian ethnicity, which requires researchers to conduct relevant studies. Exploration of SNPs at other loci and risk of glioma is also necessary.5Some limitations should be noted when interpreting the current results. The study also presents some limitations, which shall be noted during the interpretation of current studies.First, there were scarce studies on Asian populations. Studies on results in Asian populations should be interpreted with caution.In addition, the absence of more specific individual information about interaction within genes and that between gene and environment prohibited us from conducting a more precise analysis.Finally, some unavoidable publication bias in the results of meta-analysis should also be taken into account.6TERT gene rs2736100 polymorphism, CCDC26 gene rs4295627 polymorphism, CDKN2A/B gene rs4977756 polymorphism and RTEL1 gene rs6010620 polymorphism might all increase the risk of glioma development, but there are ethnic differences. It is necessary to well develop case-control studies with large sample sizes and a focus on more races or glioma types to overcome the limitations described earlier to make the conclusions more accurate.In summary, our study suggested that the All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version. YQW: Writing articles, searching literature and extracting literature. JZho and ZT: Analyzing the quality of articles. JZha: Analyzing Data. XC: Providing methodology. SL: Editing of articles.


Computer-aided detection (CAD) using artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze chest radiographs is an important tool for community tuberculosis (TB) screening in high burden countries. Most current algorithms use a universal cut-off score to select individuals for confirmatory TB testing; however, using a tailored cut-off based on client demographics (age and sex) may improve performance.Community-based TB screening was conducted using portable X-ray with CAD  as part of a cluster-randomized trial in Uganda. Individuals scoring above a specified threshold were offered sputum Xpert Ultra testing. This threshold was initially set at 0.5 (range: 0-1) but was later lowered to 0.2 and then 0.1 for research purposes. For clients with scores ≥ 0.1 who did not undergo Xpert testing, we used multiple imputation to infer Xpert-positive status. We assumed that those with X-ray scores < 0.1 would be Xpert-negative if tested, but considered 0.1% or 0.5% prevalence of Xpert-positive TB in sensitivity analysis. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of using a universal screening threshold of 0.5 versus tailored thresholds based on client age and sex.A total of 15,375 individuals were screened using AI-interpreted digital X-ray, of whom 1,748 (11.4%) had valid sputum Ultra results; 157 (9.0%) tested positive. Assuming that people with qXR scores < 0.1 would test negative on sputum Ultra, the manufacturer-recommended universal threshold of ≥ 0.5 had an estimated sensitivity of 75.8% (95%CI: 70.3-81.6) and specificity of 95.3% (95% CI 95.2-95.4). A sex-differentiated threshold  had similar specificity but significantly higher sensitivity: 81.3% (95% CI 76.3-86.3). Sex-stratified thresholds also outperformed a universal threshold when assuming higher positivity among people with qXR scores < 0.1. Stratification by age did not significantly improve accuracy.Using differentiated CAD score thresholds based on client sex could improve the accuracy of digital X-ray for TB screening. Future research should validate these findings in other populations and explore the value of incorporating additional client characteristics into TB screening algorithms.All Authors: No reported disclosures


Correction to: Translational Neurodegeneration (2023) 12:5 10.1186/s40035-023-00337-1Following publication of this article , three eCorrection 1:136. Crocker TF, Brown L, Lam N, Wray F, Knapp P, Forster A. Information provision for stroke survivors and their carers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021;11:CD001919.Should be corrected as follows:136. Menni C, Valdes AM, Polidori L, Antonelli M, Penamakuri S, Nogal A, et al. Symptom prevalence, duration, and risk of hospital admission in individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 during periods of omicron and delta variant dominance: a prospective observational study from the ZOE COVID study. Lancet. 2022;399:1618–24.Correction 2:Lina and colleagues reported that 51% of patients with VITT present with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) (95% CI 36–66%) [188].” should be corrected to “Palaiodimou and colleagues reported that 51% of patients with VITT present with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) (95% CI 36–66%) [188].”“188. Palaiodimou L, Stefanou MI, Katsanos AH, Aguiar De Sousa D, Coutinho JM, Lagiou P, et al. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and thrombotic events after vector-based COVID-19 vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurology. 2021;97:e2136–47.Correction 3:Shi and colleagues found that APOE ε4/ε4 genotype induces an increased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection than the APOE ε3/ε3 genotype. Moreover, APOE4 astrocytes exhibited a more severe response following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study provides the first insight into a possible APOE-mediated mechanism of COVID-19 vulnerability and severity [211].” should be corrected to “In human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons and astrocytes, Wang and colleagues found that APOE ε4/ε4 genotype induces an increased rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection than the APOE ε3/ε3 genotype. Moreover, APOE4 astrocytes exhibited a more severe response following SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study provides the first insight into a possible APOE-mediated mechanism of COVID-19 vulnerability and severity [211].”“In human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons and astrocytes, 211. Wang C, Zhang M, Garcia G Jr, Tian E, Cui Q, Chen X, et al. ApoE-isoformdependent SARS-CoV-2 neurotropism and cellular response. Cell Stem Cell. 2021;28:331–42.e5.The original article  has been


This cohort study evaluates the incidence of COVID-19 and hospitalizations across variant eras in 2021 and 2022 among vaccinated solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Understanding longitudinal COVID-19 outcomes on a population scale has implications for future counseling and risk prediction; thus, we quantified changes in COVID-19 burden among transplant recipients, hypothesizing reduced disease severity in recent variant eras among SARS-CoV-2 vaccine uptake.Solid organ transplant recipients experienced severe COVID-19 outcomes before vaccination and high breakthrough rates despite primary vaccine series.STROBE reporting guideline and was approved by Johns Hopkins University, with waiver of documentation of informed consent because of no more than minimal risk intervention.Transplant recipients reporting 1 or more SARS-CoV-2 vaccination within a national prospective cohort were surveyed following immunoprophylaxis events to ascertain incident COVID-19 (self-reported positive molecular or antigen test result) and hospitalizations between January 2021 and December 2022, with additional cohortwide surveys in January and June 2022 and unsolicited reporting  were compared between post-BA.1 and pre-Delta, Delta, and BA.1 waves using Poisson regression. Two-sided P < .05 was significant. Stata/SE, version 17 was used for analysis.Cohort characteristics, COVID-19 incidence rate, and hospitalization ratio were reported by variant era: pre-Delta (January to May 2021), Delta (June to December 2021), and Omicron BA.1 (January to March 2022), BA.2 (April to June 2022), and BA.4-BA.5-BQ.1 (July to December 2022). Monthly transplant recipient COVID-19 incidence rate was plotted against US population case counts.P < .001) and similar if less than 2 years vs 2 years or more from transplant  and in lung vs nonlung recipients . Transplant recipient COVID-19 incidence paralleled US population case counts  responded to 1 or more survey. Vaccinations increased over time . COVID-1e counts , A, peakP = .02) and lung transplant . Hospitalization ratios (per 100 incident infections) were 14.1 for pre-Delta; 11.8, Delta; 9.2; BA.1; 2.3, BA.2; and 3.5, BA.4-BA.5-BQ.1 (P = .75) and less than 2 years vs 2 years or more from transplant  yet higher in lung vs nonlung recipients .There were 37 COVID-19-related hospitalizations among 35 of 464 participants (7.5%). Hospitalized participants more often reported stronger immunosuppression , with a similar ratio of serious COVID-19 disease . Of 16 reported deaths, 5 were COVID-19 related (1 post-BA.1); 6, non-COVID-19 related (3 post-BA.1); and 5, unknown cause (4 post-BA.1).Hospitalization ratio comparing post-BA.1 vs pre-Delta, Delta, and BA.1 was 0.27 (95% CI, 0.11-0.69; In this study, 19.7% of participants reported incident COVID-19, 7.5% of whom required hospitalization. Transplant recipient COVID-19 incidence followed US case count trends, with higher incidence in later Omicron waves potentially due to home test capture and/or increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 variants.4 improved therapeutics,5 home testing access, and/or differing viral pathogenicity.6 Limitations include sampling and recall bias due to observational study design, lack of SARS-CoV-2 sequencing or longitudinal testing frequency, and incomplete death ascertainment.COVID-19-related hospitalization among transplant recipients markedly decreased after the BA.1 wave, likely owing to changing population immunity,


Time to appropriate antimicrobial therapy is the most important predictor of survival among patients with sepsis due to Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). Infections due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens often result in inappropriate empiric treatment (tx). The GenMark ePlex identifies organisms and resistance markers within 1.5 hours from blood culture positivity compared to 48-72 hours by conventional methods.We are conducting a single-center study to assess outcomes before and after ePlex implementation. The pre-intervention period included patients with GN bacteremia from January to June 2021. Patients were excluded if they received comfort-only care within 48 hours, had polymicrobial GN bacteremia, or were infected by an organism not on the ePlex panel. Primary outcome is time to in-vitro active therapy from blood culture collection.Table 1). 16% of patients were infected by MDR GNB and 21% received inactive empiric tx. Overall median (IQR) time to in-vitro active tx was 3.9 (1–19) hours, but was 39.5 (13.6-71.9) hours among those who received inactive empiric tx. Median (IQR) time to first antibiotic modification was 2.7 (1.0-3.4) days. 38% of patients were transitioned to oral antibiotics at a median (IQR) of 4.2 (3.1-6.1) days. The median (IQR) duration of tx was 15 (10-17) days; 4.5% of patients were treated with ≤ 7 days. Median (IQR) length of hospitalization was 15.5 (7-36) days. 7.8% were re-admitted within 30 days (Table 2). In-hospital and 30-day mortality rates were numerically higher among patients who received inactive empiric therapy  when compared to patients who received active empiric therapy  .208 patients were identified during the pre-intervention period; 154 met inclusion criteria. Median age was 64 years, 49% were male, and 28% were immunocompromised. Median (IQR) Charlson Comorbidity index and Pitt Bacteremia scores were 6 (4-8) and 2 (1-8), respectively (Results Table 1: Patient demographics, underlying conditions and infection and treatment characteristics in the pre-intervention groupResults Table 2Results Figure 1Our pre-intervention data highlight opportunities to improve the management of GN bacteremia. Implementation of ePlex is likely to decrease the proportion of patients treated with inactive therapy, shorten time to optimal tx and reduce lengths of stay.Ryan K. Shields, PharmD, MS, Allergan: Advisor/Consultant|Cidara: Advisor/Consultant|Entasis: Advisor/Consultant|GSK: Advisor/Consultant|Melinta: Advisor/Consultant|Melinta: Grant/Research Support|Menarini: Advisor/Consultant|Merck: Advisor/Consultant|Merck: Grant/Research Support|Pfizer: Advisor/Consultant|Roche: Grant/Research Support|Shionogi: Advisor/Consultant|Shionogi: Grant/Research Support|Utility: Advisor/Consultant|Venatorx: Advisor/Consultant|Venatorx: Grant/Research Support


Arthritis is a leading cause of activity limitations, disability, and chronic pain, and is associated with dispensed opioid prescriptions, substantially contributing to health care costs.During 2019–2021, 21.2% of U.S. adults (53.2 million) reported diagnosed arthritis. Approximately one half (52.2%–62.4%) of adults aged ≥65 years with self-reported diagnosed dementia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stroke, heart disease, diabetes, or cancer also had a reported diagnosis of arthritis.These prevalence estimates can be used to guide public health policies and activities to increase equitable access to physical activity opportunities within the built environment and other community-based, arthritis-appropriate, evidence-based interventions.Arthritis includes approximately 100 conditions that affect the joints and surrounding tissues. It is a leading cause of activity limitations, disability, and chronic pain, and is associated with dispensed opioid prescriptions, substantially contributing to health care costs. Combined 2019–2021 National Health Interview Survey data were analyzed to update national prevalence estimates of self-reported diagnosed arthritis. An estimated 21.2% (18.7% age-standardized) of U.S. adults aged ≥18 years (53.2 million) had diagnosed arthritis during this time frame. Age-standardized arthritis prevalences were higher among women (20.9%) than men (16.3%), among veterans (24.2%) than nonveterans (18.5%), and among non-Hispanic White (20.1%) than among Hispanic or Latino (14.7%) or non-Hispanic Asian adults (10.3%). Adults aged ≥45 years represent 88.3% of all U.S. adults with arthritis. Unadjusted arthritis prevalence was high among adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (57.6%), dementia (55.9%), a disability (54.8%), stroke (52.6%), heart disease (51.5%), diabetes (43.1%), or cancer (43.1%). Approximately one half of adults aged ≥65 years with COPD, dementia, stroke, heart disease, diabetes, or cancer also had a diagnosis of arthritis. These prevalence estimates can be used to guide public health policies and activities to increase equitable access to physical activity opportunities within the built environment and other arthritis-appropriate, evidence-based interventions.Arthritis includes approximately 100 conditions that affect the joints and surrounding tissues. If not managed properly, arthritis can result in severe pain, activity limitations, and disability  is an annual, nationally representative household survey of the noninstitutionalized U.S. civilian population.NHIS sample sizes and response rates for 2019, 2020, and 2021 were 31,997 (59.1%), 21,153 (48.9%), and 29,482 (50.9%), respectively.Approximately 53.2 million (95% CI = 52.1–54.4) or 21.2% (18.7% age-standardized) of U.S. adults aged ≥18 years had diagnosed arthritis . Age-sta2; 56.8%), dementia (56.1%), diabetes (54.0%), or cancer (52.2%) also had diagnosed arthritis  were aged ≥65 years, and 40.0% (21.3 million) were aged 45–64 years. Age-standardized prevalence of arthritis was higher among adults with dementia (47.8%),rthritis  Figure)2; 56.8%)During 2019–2021, 53.2 million (21.2%) U.S. adults aged ≥18 years had diagnosed arthritis. Approximately one half of adults aged ≥65 years with a chronic disease also reported diagnosed arthritis. Consistent with previous NHIS


Andixius Emeljanov & Hayashi, 2007 are described and illustrated from China. These are A.flagellihamus Wang & Chen, sp. nov., A.gracilispinus Wang & Chen, sp. nov., A.productus Wang & Chen, sp. nov. and A.truncatus Wang & Chen, sp. nov. Photographs of the new species and an identification key to all Andixius species are provided.Four new species of the genus  Andini  consists of 129 species in three genera worldwide  and A.venustus  . A.longispinus and A.trifurcus, to the genus. Later, A.cultratus and A.lingulatus.The planthopper tribe orldwide . Within A.flagellihamus Wang & Chen, sp. nov., A.gracilispinus Wang & Chen, sp. nov., A.productus Wang & Chen, sp. nov. and A.truncatus Wang & Chen, sp. nov., which are described here. Hence, the number of Andixius species is now 10, with nine species occurring in China.Recent study of some Chinese specimens has found four new species, The morphological terminology follows IEGU).The type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China , Japan (Ryukyu Islands).A.cultratus Wang, Zhi & Chen, 2020; China (Guangdong).A.flagellihamus Wang & Chen, sp. nov.; China (Xizang).A.gracilispinus Wang & Chen, sp. nov.; China (Xizang).A.lingulatus Wang, Zhi & Chen, 2020; China (Guangxi).A.longispinus Zhi & Chen, 2018; China (Yunnan).A.nupta Emeljanov & Hayashi, 2007; Japan (Ryukyus).A.productus Wang & Chen, sp. nov.; China (Xizang).A.trifurcus Zhi & Chen, 2018; China (Yunnan).A.truncatus Wang & Chen, sp. nov.; (Guangxi).A.venustus ; China (Taiwan).Taxon classificationAnimaliaHemipteraCixiidaeWang & Chensp. nov.4A130AF2-7552-5EC5-BFB7-D1E5DCAE7E08https://zoobank.org/5BB7E534-9C4C-4507-8FA5-CA5C1D3D5646Holotype: ♂, China: Xizang Province, Medog County, Beibeng Town , 15 August 2020, Yongjin Sui leg.; Paratypes: ♂, same data as holotype.n = 2).Body length: male 6.65–7.00 mm  Fig. .flagellihamus, referring to the 1-hooked spinose process arising from the apex of the endosoma.The specific name is derived from the Latin adjective This species can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the following characters: basal right side of periandrium with a U-shaped spinose process; basal ventral margin of periandrium with a long spinose process, apex curved upwards, forming a hooked process; apex of endosoma with a hooked spinose process.Taxon classificationAnimaliaHemipteraCixiidaeWang & Chensp. nov.BECD8207-9CC0-51A5-91D1-51B9D3F7165Chttps://zoobank.org/4CF579B2-3F5B-4926-99D8-59E7F8E16E85Holotype: ♂, China: Xizang Province, Bomê County, Yigong Town, Tongmai Village , 18–20 August 2020, Yongjin Sui leg.; Paratypes: ♂, same data as holotype.n = 2).Body length: male 5.63–5.82 mm  Fig. .gracilispinus, referring to the one long spinose process arising from the apical right side of the ventral margin of the periandrium.The specific name is derived from the Latin adjective A.gracilispinus sp. nov. are similar to A.venustus Tsaur & Hsu, 1991 in appearance, but differs in: (1) basal left side of ventral margin of periandrium with a triangular laminal process, of which middle right side concaved heavily, forming two large processes (A.venustus with a spinose process in the same position); (2) near apical right side of ventral margin of periandrium with a long spinose process, slightly curved ; (3) basal dorsal margin of periandrium with a grooved laminal process (without process in A.venustus).Male genitalia of Taxon classificationAnimaliaHemipteraCixiidaeWang & Chensp. nov.F58ABCA6-C31E-5A1D-A365-33C0937A010Chttps://zoobank.org/AE3FAE97-597C-41D8-92B8-7C8A2CCB5464Holotype: ♂, China: Xizang Province, Medog County, Damu Town, 80K , 18 August 2020, Yongjin Sui leg.; Paratypes: 6♂♂ 2♀♀, same data as holotype.n = 7), female 7.78–7.90 mm (n = 2).Body length: male 5.71–6.90 mm  Fig. .productus, referring to the one long spinose process arising from the apical ventral margin of the periandrium.The specific name is derived from the Latin adjective A.productus sp. nov. are similar to A.trifurcus Zhi & Chen, 2018, but differs in: (1) periandrium with an expanded laminal process around the left side and dorsal margin of periandrium ; (2) basal ventral margin of periandrium with laminal process, of which ventral margin with two processes (A.trifurcus with three long spinose processes in the same position); (3) right side of ventral margin of periandrium with three spinose processes (right side of middle part of periandrium with a spinose process in A.trifurcus); (4) middle part of periandrium with a thick and long spinose process (without process in A.trifurcus).Male genitalia of Taxon classificationAnimaliaHemipteraCixiidaeWang & Chensp. nov.6AAFC595-BABB-5FB0-862A-EE78D8C83C99https://zoobank.org/1EE35403-E65B-43C5-B171-54C7CC313B23Holotype: ♂, China: Guangxi Province, Longsheng County, Huaping National Natural Reserve , 18 July 2020, Xiaoya Wang, Yongjin Sui, Zhicheng Zhou and Jing Wang leg.; Paratypes: 9♂♂ 5♀♀, same data as holotype.n = 10), female 7.25–8.86 mm (n = 5).Body length: male 6.56–7.20 mm  Fig. .truncatus, referring to the ventral margin of periandrium with a long, broad laminal process having a truncated apex.The specific name is derived from the Latin adjective Andixius species by the following characters: forewing general black-brown, with an irregular yellowish-white spot slightly below stigma and near claval fork; ventral margin of periandrium with a long and broad laminal process, apex truncated, margin with small teeth; endosoma curving ventrally in right angle, base of dorsal margin with a long spinose process.This species can be distinguished from the other Andixius once again emphasizes the need for further study on the group based on male genitalia whenever possible , of which only the latter two genera and 18 species occur in China  forming a short common stalk, while ScP, RP and MP emerge independently or very close to the basal cell in the other Andini genera. The outer edge of the apical half of the fore coxae is extended and smoothly protruding in Parandes, but the outer edge of the apical half of the fore coxae is straight and does not extend in Andes.Currently the tribe in China . A compa


Figure 2 as published. In the legend for Figure 2, “(N) Brown adipose tissue (BAT).” is a duplicate and needs to be deleted because the BAT is explained in the legend for Figure 2I. The corrected legend appears below.In the published article, there was an error in the legend for (A) Body weight (BW). (B) BW gain. (C–E) Organ wet weight. (F) Inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). (G) Perirenal white adipose tissue (pWAT). (H) Epididymis white adipose tissue (eWAT). (I) Brown adipose tissue (BAT). (J) iWAT/BW ratio. (K) pWAT/BW ratio; (L) eWAT/BW rati. (M) BAT/BW ratio. (N) Representative rat liver images of hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) and Oil Red O staining per group (X200). (O) Representative iWAT, pWAT, eWAT, BAT. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted for the group comparison. n = 8, data are presented as mean ± SEM.*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. MOD group. EPC, P. cocos ethanol extract; CON, normal diet control group; MOD, high-fat diet group; FC, Fenofibrate capsules; EPC-L, low-dose P. cocos ethanol extract; EPC-H, high-dose P. cocos ethanol extract.].“FIGURE 2 | EPC ameliorated MAFLD in rats. Furthermore, there was an error in


Translational Psychiatry 10.1038/s41398-023-02499-y, published online 09 June 2023Correction to: The reference numbers in the Figs. 2 and 3 were given not correct. The figures have been corrected.Corrected Fig. 2Corrected Fig. 3


Bacterial nitrogen (N) fixation in alder nodules is a key process providing nitrogen to nutrient-limited arctic biomes. Here, 45 prokaryotic metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) sequences from root nodules of arctic alder are reported. Alnus viridis subsp. fruticosa, an N-fixing deciduous alder shrub that is an important contributor to N cycling in high-latitude ecosystems , which is located 103 km from Nome, Alaska. At this location, alder is found in two distinct communities, short and dispersed alder growing in lowland areas (savanna) and tall alder growing as dense shrublands along the hillslope (shrubland) . Sequence processing and metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) generation were performed via metaWRAP v1.1  of ≥1 kb. Contigs were binned with MaxBin2 v2.2.5 (https://tinyurl.com/4dtt38mt) by minimum information about a metagenome-assembled genome (MIMAG) standards  . DNA froRAP v1.1 . DefaultRAP v1.1 , resulti2 v2.2.5  to detertandards . GTDB-Tktandards  with thetandards , was use1.1 N50, ,779 bp oPRJNA830531, and nodule metagenomes were deposited under SRA accession no. SRR18933204 for alder savanna and SRR18933205 for alder shrubland. GenBank accession numbers for the MAGs are listed in https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/Quality_metrics_for_metagenome-assembled_genomes_of_Alnus_viridis_spp_Fruticose_nodules/22096520/1.MAGs were deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) BioProject database under accession no.


Citrus sinensis leaves and roots were investigated. Our findings indicated that increased pH mitigated Cu toxicity-induced alterations of HRMs, and Cu toxicity increased low-pH-induced alterations of HRMs. Increased pH-mediated decreases in ABA, jasmonates, gibberellins, and cytokinins, increases in (±)strigol and 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid, and efficient maintenance of salicylates and auxins homeostasis in 300 μM Cu-treated roots (RCu300); as well as efficient maintenance of hormone homeostasis in 300 μM Cu-treated leaves (LCu300) might contribute to improved leaf and root growth. The upregulation of auxins (IAA), cytokinins, gibberellins, ABA, and salicylates in pH 3.0 + 300 μM Cu-treated leaves (P3CL) vs. pH 3.0 + 0.5 μM Cu-treated leaves (P3L) and pH 3.0 + 300 μM Cu-treated roots (P3CR) vs. pH 3.0 + 0.5 μM Cu-treated roots (P3R) might be an adaptive response to Cu toxicity, so as to cope with the increased need for reactive oxygen species and Cu detoxification in LCu300 and RCu300. Increased accumulation of stress-related hormones (jasmonates and ABA) in P3CL vs. P3L and P3CR vs. P3R might reduce photosynthesis and accumulation of dry matter, and trigger leaf and root senescence, thereby inhibiting their growth.The effects of copper (Cu)–pH interactions on the levels of hormones and related metabolites (HRMs) in  Citrus orchards due to long-term and heavy application of Cu-containing fungicides against fruit and foliar diseases and pests [Like other heavy metals, micronutrient copper (Cu) has high phytotoxicity at high concentrations . Currentnd pests ,3. Sincend pests . Root grnd pests ,6,7.3 (GA3), 1-naphthylacetic acid , indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), 6-benzyladenine (BAP), and kinetin can mitigate Cu toxic inhibition on plant growth by reducing Cu uptake, inhibiting Cu translocation from roots to shoots, improving nutrient status, maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and/or preventing oxidative damage [Phytohormones, namely cytokinins (CKs), gibberellins (GAs), auxins (AUXs), abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ETH), jasmonates (JAs), salicylates (SAs), and strigolactones (SLs) play a role in plant Cu tolerance . Evidence damage ,15,16,173, and GA4 in maize (Zea mays) root apex, concluding that Cu toxicity-induced alterations of hormonal homeostasis at the root apex contributed to the strong root growth inhibition. Reckova et al. [Citrus grandis leaves, Cu excess led to increased levels of indole-3-lactic acid (ILA), IAA, ABA, L-tryptophan (TRP), cis-zeatin-9-glucoside (cZ9G), and total AUXs; and decreased levels of 5-deoxystrigol (5DS) and N6-benzyladenine-7-glucoside (BAP7G) [Raphanus sativus) hypocotyls [3 in Arabidopsis thaliana roots, and dihydrozeatin riboside (DHZR) and t-ZR in A. thaliana shoots [Populus deltoides), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), and maize leaves and roots [P. deltoids) [Cu toxicity had great impacts on hormone biosynthesis and concentrations in various plant tissues (organs). Matayoshi et al.  observeda et al.  reported (BAP7G) . Other rpocotyls ; trans-za shoots ; ABA in nd roots ,23,24; aCitrus sinensis roots, concluding that increased pH-induced decrease in total CKs, and increases in IAA, SA, total JAs, JA and methyl jasmonate (MEJA) in Al toxic roots might confer Al-tolerance by reducing Al uptake, increasing the Al-triggered release of malate and citrate and Al sequestration in vacuole, and maintaining the homeostasis of nutrients and the balance between ROS and MG biosynthesis and removal. Thus, hormones might play a role in elevated pH-mediated mitigation of Cu toxicity in plants. Currently, such data are very rare.Evidence shows that high pH can counteract the adverse impacts of Cu toxicity on plants ,25. MostCitrus are mainly planted in acid soils with high Cu bioavailability [C. sinensis leaves and roots. The objectives were (a) to elucidate how Cu–pH interactions affect the abundances of HRMs in leaves and roots, and (b) to test the hypothesis that hormones play a role in elevated pH-mediated amelioration of Cu toxicity.lability . Here, wWe tested 88 HRMs in leaves , 55 of wWe detected higher concentrations of iP7G, tZOG, 2MeScZR, DHZ7G, cZ9G, BAP7G, and total CKs, and lower concentrations of DHZR and IPR in P3CL vs. P3L; higher concentration of IPR in P5CL vs. P5L and P3L vs. P5L; and higher concentrations of iP7G, tZOG, DHZ7G, cZ9G, and total CKs, and lower concentrations of DHZR and IPR in P3CL vs. P5CL. BAP9G was detected only in P3CL and P5CL, and its level was similar between the two. K9G, IP, and cZ were not detected in P5L, P5L, and P3CL, respectively, and their levels were similar among the other three detected treatments .We observed higher concentrations of IAA-Glu, TRP, IAA, IAA-Trp, IAA-Val, MEIAA, ICAld, ILA, IAN, and total AUXs in P3CL vs. P3L; higher concentration of IAA-Trp in P5CL vs. P5L; lower concentration of IAA-Val in P3L vs. P5L; and higher concentrations of IAA-Glu, TRP, IAA-Trp, IAA, IAA-Val, MEIAA, ICAld, ILA, and total AUXs in P3CL vs. P5CL. IAA-Leu and IAGlc were not detected in P3CL and P5CL, respectively, and their concentrations did not significantly differ among the other three detected treatments. TRA and IAM were detected only in P3CL .24, ABA, ABA-GE, total ABAs, SAG, SA, total SAs, ST, and total SLs, and lower concentrations of H2JA, OPDA, and 5DS in P3CL vs. P3L; higher concentration of JA-ILE in P5CL vs. P5L; higher concentrations of H2JA and OPDA in P3L vs. P5L; and higher concentrations of ABA, SAG, total SAs, ST, and total SLs, and lower concentrations of H2JA, JA-Val and 5DS in P3CL vs. P5CL  and roots (56) to Cu–pH interactions. PC1 and PC2 accounted for 43.25% and 14.05% for leaves, and 39.35% and 21.62% for roots .We detected 25 upregulated HRMs, upregulated total CKs, total AUXs, total ABAs, total SAs, and total SLs, and seven downregulated HRMs in P3CL vs. P3L; 18 upregulated HRMs, upregulated total CKs, total AUXs, total SAs, and total SLs, and seven downregulated HRMs in P3CL vs. P5CL; six upregulated and one downregulated HRMs in P5CL vs. P5L; five upregulated and one downregulated HRMs in P3L vs. P5L; 28 upregulated HRMs, upregulated total CKs, total AUXs, and total SAs, and six downregulated HRMs in P3CR vs. P3R; 25 upregulated HRMs, upregulated total AUXs, total CKs, total GAs, and total SAs, and three downregulated HRMs in P3CR vs. P5CR; 11 upregulated HRMs, 17 downregulated HRMs, and downregulated total CKs, total JAs and total GAs in P5CR vs. P5R; and seven upregulated HRMs, 17 downregulated HRMs, and downregulated total CKs, total JAs and total GAs in P3R vs. P5R . These rA. thaliana root tips. Exogenous application of 1-NAA mitigated Cu excess-induced reduction in primary root growth, while application of 1-N-naphthylphthalamic acid  promoted Cu excess-induced reduction in primary root growth. Choudhary et al. [A. thaliana cotyledons and root apices, and decreased hypocotyl and primary root lengths and cotyledon area, concluding that endogenous hormonal balance and signal transduction played a role in Cu excess-triggered severe morphological responses. Sofo et al. [A. thaliana root and shoot growth, increased IAA concentration in roots, and did not affect IAA concentration in shoots. Wang et al. [A. thaliana seedlings. Wu et al. [C. grandis leaves, concluding that Cu toxicity-induced upregulation of auxin biosynthesis, transport, and levels might contribute to leaf Cu-tolerance by enhancing photosynthesis and water use efficiency (WUE). Ouzounidou and Ilias [Pisum sativum) seedlings Cu toxicity by decreasing Cu concentrations in shoots and roots and providing a thiol redox state to protect the proteins against oxidation. In Brassica juncea, foliar spray of IAA-mediated alleviation of Cu toxicity involved the increase in antioxidant capacity and the decreases in ROS, malondialdehyde (MDA), and electrolyte leakage levels in Cu toxic plants. Additionally, IAA application can improve plant nutrient status; maintain leaf function and photosynthesis; reduce root cell death; and ultimately increase Cu toxic plant biomass [A. thaliana roots, which might contribute to Cu toxicity-induced inhibition of primary root elongation. TRP can act as a precursor for the biosynthesis of IAA and melatonin, which play a role in plant Cu-tolerance [We obtained upregulated total AUXs, TRA, IAM, TRP, IAA-Trp, IAA-Glu, MEIAA, IAA, ICAld, ILA, IAN, and IAA-Val, and downregulated IAA-Leu in P3CL vs. P3L; upregulated total AUXs, MEIAA, ICAld, IPA, TRA, IAA-Glu, IAA-Phe-Me, IAA, OxIAA, ICA, TRP, and IAA-Asp, and downregulated IAA-Val and IAA-Leu in P3CR vs. P3R; upregulated IAA-Trp and downregulated IAGlc in P5CL vs. P5L; and upregulated IAA-Glu, OxIAA, IAA-Asp, and IAA, and downregulated ICA, ICAld, and IAM in P5CR vs. P5R . Auxin hy et al.  observedy et al.  observedo et al.  observedg et al.  found thu et al.  identifind Ilias  found thnd Ilias  observed biomass . Yuan et biomass  showed tolerance . Collectolerance . The incWe detected upregulated total AUXs, IAGlc, TRA, IAM, TRP, IAA-Glu, MEIAA, ILA, IAA, IAA-Trp, ICAld, and IAA-Val, and downregulated IAA-Leu in P3CL vs. P5CL; upregulated total AUXs, IAA, ICA, TRA, MEIAA, ICAld, IPA, IAA-Phe-Me, and TRP in P3CR vs. P5CR; downregulated IAA-Val in P3L vs. P5L; and upregulated IAA-Leu and IAA-Val, and downregulated IAN, ICA, and IAM in P3R vs. P5R , suggestNicotiana tabacum) plants had decreased shoot (leaf) growth, but enhanced root growth, concluding that CKs played an opposite role in regulating shoot and root growth. Foliar application of two CKs (kinetin and BAP) conferred castor (Ricinus communis) Cu-tolerance by reducing Cu level in shoots and improving antioxidant ability [A. thaliana roots might contribute to Cu toxicity-induced inhibition of root growth [A. thaliana seedlings. Massot et al. [Phaseolus vulgaris) prior to Al-induced inhibition of root growth. Al-induced rapid increment of CKs might contribute to root growth inhibition either directly or indirectly by influencing hormone homeostasis. Plant metallothioneins (MTs) have been shown to play a role in Cu-tolerance by lowering Cu toxicity-induced oxidative damage and binding Cu [C. sinensis seedlings, Al toxicity led to increased and decreased total CKs concentrations in pH 3.0- and pH 4.0-treated roots, respectively. Increased pH lowered the accumulation of CKs in roots, thereby ameliorating Al toxicity-induced inhibition of root growth [As shown in  ability . Observat growth . Sofo ett growth  reportedt et al.  observednding Cu . Thomas nding Cu  suggestending Cu . The elending Cu ,26. In Ct growth . Taken tC. sinensis roots [Atractylodes lancea roots was greater at pH 5.3 than at pH 6.0 [We detected upregulated total CKs, DHZ7G, iP7G, cZ9G, and tZOG, and downregulated DHZR, IPR, and cZ in P3CL vs. P5CL; upregulated total CKs, pT, K9G, 2MeSiP, BAP9G, cZ, IP, 2MeSiPR, tZOG, tZ, and cZROG, and downregulated tZR in P3CR vs. P5CR; upregulated K9G, IP, and IPR in P3L vs. P5L; and upregulated 2MeSiP, tZ and pT, and downregulated total CKs, tZR, BAPR, tZOG, IPR, BAP, and BAP7G in P3R vs. P5R . This agis roots , and that pH 6.0 . These fPhaseolus coccineus and Allium cepa root growth, and maize leaf growth, and that JA synthesis inhibitors-namely ibuprofen (IB) and salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM), mitigated Cu toxicity-induced growth inhibition in P. coccineus roots and maize leaves, but not in A. cepa roots. Using metabolome and transcriptome analyses, Hu et al. [Cucumis melo) via repressing JA biosynthesis. Taken together, increased pH prevented Cu toxicity-induced changes in JAs in leaves, thus alleviating leaf Cu toxicity; while Cu toxicity lowered the levels of JAs in pH 4.8-treated roots, thus improving root growth.As shown in u et al.  demonstrWe detected downregulated H2JA and JA-Val in P3CL vs. P5CL; upregulated JA-ILE in P3CR vs. P5CR; upregulated H2JA and OPDA in P3L vs. P5L; and downregulated total JAs, JA-ILE, OPC-4, JA-Val, JA, and OPDA in P3R vs. P5R , suggestC. grandis leaves [Populus x euramericana), B229 and PE19/66. Cu toxicity increased ABA concentrations in PE19/66 leaves and roots, and in B229 leaves, but had no significant impacts on ABA concentrations in M1 leaves and roots, and in B229 roots. Obviously, Cu toxicity impacts on ABA concentrations depended on Cu concentration, pH, tissue (organ), and genotype.As shown in s leaves , and mais leaves . Cu exces leaves . Kebert s leaves  investigo/ABS) in P3CL vs. P3L, but not in P5CL vs. P5L [Penicillium funiculosum LHL06 mitigated the synergistic toxicity of heavy metals on soybean (Glycine max) by reducing uptake of heavy metals, accumulation of ABA and JA, and oxidative damage due to decreased H2O2 accumulation and enhanced antioxidant system in roots. Zehra et al. [2O2 production rates in pH 3.0-treated leaves and roots, but not in pH 4.8-treated leaves and roots [ABA can increase non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), the first line of defense to protect photosystem II (PSII) reaction centers against photo-oxidative damage . The upr vs. P5L . The inc vs. P5L . Bilal e vs. P5L  indicatea et al.  reporteda et al. . A studynd roots . Taken tVicia faba). The critical pH, below which net H+ exudation and root growth ceased, were 3.5 for maize and 4.00 for broad bean at 1 mM Ca2+. With the decrease in pH of the medium, both H+ exudation and root growth decreased gradually. Additional ABA in root medium led to increased H+ exudation and root growth for maize at pH 4.0, but decreased H+ exudation and root growth for broad bean at pH 4.1. Yang et al. [C. sinensis roots decreased with the decrease in pH. Taken together, low pH increased ABA concentration and decreased H+ exudation in RCu300, thus reducing root growth, but not in RCK. This agreed with the report that low pH affected root growth more at 300 μM Cu than at 0.5 μM Cu [We detected upregulated ABA in P3CL vs. P5CL; upregulated ABA in P3CR vs. P5CR; and downregulated ABA in P3R vs. P5R . The uprg et al.  observedSalvia officinalis [Oryza sativa) [Gossypium spp.) [As shown in icinalis , bean [4icinalis , rice (O sativa) , sunflow sativa) , and cotum spp.)  by reducum spp.) ,50.We detected upregulated SAG and total SAs in P3CL vs. P5CL and P3CR vs. P5CR, and downregulated SA in P3R vs. P5R , suggest24 in P3CL vs. P3L, upregulated GA9 and GA24 in P3CR vs. P3R, and downregulated GA1 and total GAs in P5CR vs. P5R. Saleem et al. [3 mitigated Corchorus capsularis Cu toxicity by enhancing growth and photosynthesis, and reducing oxidative damage. Additionally, GA3 increased Cu accumulation in roots, stems, and leaves. Similar results have been obtained for pea [4 is biosynthesized from GA24 via GA9 [24 in P3CL vs. P3L and GA24 and GA9 in P3CR vs. P3R might be an adaptive strategy to Cu toxicity, while the downregulation of GA1 and total GAs in P5CR vs. P5R and unaltered GAs in P5CL vs. P5L agreed with the finding that raised pH lessened Cu accumulation in Cu toxic roots, stems, and leaves [As shown in m et al.  observed for pea  and sunf for pea . Bioacti via GA9 . Thus, t7, GA1, GA24, GA9, and total GAs in P3CR vs. P5CR, and upregulated GA7 and downregulated GA1 and total GAs in P3R vs. P5R. The upregulation of GA7, GA1, GA24, GA9, and total GAs in P3CR vs. P5CR might be an adaptive response to low pH, while the downregulation of GA1 and total GAs in P3R vs. P5R agreed with the report that low pH increased Cu concentrations in roots, stems and leaves less under 0.5 μM Cu than under 300 μM Cu [As shown in Brassica juncea) was reduced by ethephon (ethylene source) and sulfur, which resulted in reduced oxidative damage, upregulated antioxidant system, and elevated photosynthesis. Both ethephon- and sulfur-treated plants displayed more tolerance to Cd. S-mediated alleviation can be reversed by aminoethoxyvinylglycine (ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor). Thao et al. [We obtained upregulated ACC in P5CR vs. P5R . Flora eo et al.  suggesteWe identified downregulated ACC in P3CR vs. P5CR, and upregulated ACC in P3R vs. P5R , suggestHordeum vulgare) Cd-tolerance by reducing Cd uptake and oxidative damage due to reduced H2O2 accumulation and elevated concentrations of ascorbate and reduced glutathione and activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaves and roots. Mostofa et al. [d10 and d17 displayed less tolerance to arsenic stress accompanied by increased arsenic concentration, decreased sequestration of arsenic in vacuole, and enhanced oxidative damage in roots. The upregulation of ST in P5CR vs. P5R and the downregulation of ST in P3CR vs. P5CR agreed with the findings that increased pH-mediated amelioration of Cu toxicity involved reduced Cu uptake and oxidative damage in roots, and that low pH caused oxidative damage and a greater increase in Cu uptake in RCu300, but not in RCK [We detected upregulated ST in P5CR vs. P5R and downregulated ST in P3CR vs. P5CR . Qiu et a et al.  indicatet in RCK . HoweverCitrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Xuegan) seedlings were transplanted to 6 L pots (two seedlings per pot) containing sand, and then cultivated in a greenhouse under the natural conditions at Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou with an annual average relative humidity, temperature, and sunlight of ~ 76%, 20 °C and 1600 h, respectively [2 × pH 3.0 or 4.8 (adjusted by 1M HCl) until dripping (~500 mL per pot). Cu concentrations and pH levels of solutions were chosen based on our previous reports [2, and then stored in a −80 °C freezer until extraction of HRMs.Plant material culture and treatments referred to Zhang et al. . Six weeectively . After s reports . Each trhttps://www.metware.cn/, accessed on 1 June 2022) for assay of hormones. After frozen samples were ground into powder in liquid N2, 50 mg of the powder was transferred to 2 mL tube containing 1 mL of methanol:water:formic acid  and ten μL of internal standard mixed solution (100 ng mL−1). After 10 min of vortex, the mixture was centrifuged at 16,000× g for 5 min at 4 °C. The yielding supernatant was evaporated to dryness in N2 flow, dissolved in 100 μL of 80% methanol (v/v), and then filtered through a 0.22 μm filter. The filtrate was used for HRMs assay.Equal amounts of frozen leaves (roots) from five seedlings from different pots were mixed as one biological replicate. There were three biological replicates per treatment. Samples were sent to Wuhan MetWare Biotechnology Co., Ltd.  [The concentrations of HRMs in the filtrate were determined using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) system  .p < 0.05 using DPS 7.05 . PCA was made with SPSS statistical software .Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (two (Cu levels) × two (pH levels)), followed by the least significant difference (LSD) at Citrus Cu toxicity, the mechanisms by which different hormones alleviate Cu toxicity are unclear and require further research.Our results showed that elevated pH prevented the alterations of HRMs levels caused by Cu toxicity, while Cu toxicity aggravated the changes in HRMs levels caused by low pH. A model for the role of hormones in elevated pH-mediated mitigation of Cu toxicity in leaves and roots was proposed . Elevate