AbstractBolboceras inaequale group of species is discussed. The group as here conceived comprises three species in the Indian subcontinent: Bolboceras inaequale Westwood, 1848 , and two new species: Bolboceras duplicatum, and Bolboceras orissicum, both from India. All three are keyed, diagnosed, and illustrated; variability and potential taxonomic obstacles are briefly discussed.The taxonomy of the  Bolboceras Kirby, 1819 . The list of material examined under Bolboceras inaequale follows the original label texts. Specimens and body parts are pictured as is – no remounting, to prevent damage.For more information on The material on which this study is based comes from the collections listed hereafter. I most gratefully acknowledge the patient collaboration of the staff concerned.The Natural History Museum, London, UKBMNHBernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, USABPBMInstitut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Brussels, BelgiumIRSNBMusée d’Histoire Naturelle, Geneva, SwitzerlandMHNGMuséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, FranceMNHNUniversity Museum of Natural History, Oxford, UKOUMNHNaturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, NetherlandsRMNHSenckenberg Museum, Frankfurt, GermanySMFStaatliches Museum für Tierkunde, Dresden, GermanySMTDNational Museum of Natural History, Washington DC, USAUSNMZoologisches Museum, Humboldt Universität, Berlin, GermanyZMHBPageBreakGroup characters. Upright conical-triangular discoparamedian tubercles on pronotum distinct, more or less approximated, connected by variably wide transverse saddle (watch out for minor morphs); major specimens with broad, well defined discomedian concavity situated (largely) behind these tubercles  – minor specimens with similar, more superficial ornamentation; discomedian concavity on either side separated from discolateral concavity by variably elevated saddle (connecting discoparamedian tubercles to posterior disc). Outline of clypeus subtrapeziform ; clypeal surface inside perimarginal ridges without protrusion(s).Bolboceras duplicatum). Sexual dimorphism absent or slight. Colour lighter or darker brown, no colour pattern. Body length usually 9–14 mm (5.5–15 mm in other Bolboceras groups).Frons with long, distinct, transverse interocular ridge (may reach paraocular ridges on either side). Canthus protuberant, distal tip beyond protuberance arching backward, not reaching temporal area behind eye. Pronotum with set of four distinct tubercles transversely arranged; pronotal base distinctly, completely marginate (ridged). Elytra with 7 shallow punctate striae between suture and humeral umbone, stria 1 ending at sinuate lateral edge of scutellum, stria 2 somewhat effaced near basal scutellar angle, striae 3-7 usually reaching elytral base. Elytral interstrial surface (on cross-section) flat or very slightly convex. Mesocoxae separated by metasternal lobe, intervening space without recurved anterior hook or other isolated protrusions. Antennal lamellae unmodified . Abdominal tip unmodified. Aedeagus with complex median apparatus between (more or less membraneous) parameres; median apparatus usually with pair of sclerotized movable lateral stalks, each just inside parameral sheath ; 1952: 24 (description), pl. IV: figs 14, 14a.Bolboceras inaequale : Indobolbus inaequalis : Bolboceras inaequale : Syntype, unsexed, from “Centr Ind \ [J.B.] Hearsey” (handwritten), and two more specimens from Westwood’s collection.Non-type material (specimens without data excluded). Bangladesh: Dhaka: Dacca [Dhaka], ex Pascoe coll., 1 spm., in BMNH. Dinajpur: Dhanjuri, v/1963, Mapelli, 2 spm., in MHNG. vi/1963, Mapelli, 2 spm., in MHNG. Rajshahi: Andharkota, vii/1963, Mapelli, 1 spm., in MHNG.PageBreakPageBreakGhosh, underground, 1 spm., in BMNH. 15/viii/1908, RDD, at light, 1 spm., in BMNH. 20/viii/1919, Austin GD, 1 spm., in BMNH. 08/ix/1912, NML, 1 spm., in BMNH. 27/ix/1915, Bahadur U, at light, 1 spm., in BMNH. 04/ix/1915, Bahadur U, at light, 1 spm., in BMNH. 04/x/1915, Bahadur U, at light, 1 spm., in BMNH. 18/xi/1920, Sarkar SC, 1 spm., in BMNH. Tamil Nadu: Madras , ex Felsche coll., 2 spm., in SMTD. Uttar Pradesh: Allahabad, ex Bowring coll., 1 spm., in BMNH. Sitapur, HGC [Champion HG], 4 spm., in BMNH. West Bengal: Calcutta [Kolkata], 1 spm., in BMNH. Kalkutta [Kolkata], ex Felsche coll., 5 spm., in SMTD.India: Bihar: Buxar, ex Felsche coll., 1 spm., in SMTD. Chapra, Mackenzie, 6 spm., in BMNH. Pusa, 03/viii/1926, Pillai, at light, 1 spm., in BMNH. Pusa, 1913, Fletcher TB, 1 spm., in BPBM. 19/vi/1911, TMH, 1 spm., in BMNH. 30/vii/1915, Bahadur U, at light, 1 spm., in BMNH. 28/vii/1928, Sarkar SC, 1 spm., in BMNH. 20/vii/1908, TNS, at light, 1 spm., in BMNH. 24/vii/1919, Austin GD, verandah 1-10 PM, 1 spm., in BMNH. 08/vii/1915, at light, 1 spm., in BMNH. 12/vii/1915, at light, 1 spm., in BMNH. 05/vii/1924, Mukerjee, 1 spm., in BMNH. 31/vii/1918, Bengal: unspecified, Parish HM, 1 spm., in BMNH. unspecified, ex Gillet coll., 1 spm., in IRSNB.India: “Inde”, unspecified, ex Boucomont coll., 1 spm., in MNHN. unspecified, 1 spm., in USNM.Total 47 males and females, 33 collection records, and Westwood’s material.Ridge (or saddle) separating discomedian and discolateral concavities on pronotum narrow, lowered in relation to surrounding discal surface; discoparamedian tubercles approximated (connected by saddle), their tip subacute; discolateral concavity in major males extending down, onto anterolateral surface. Posterior edge of discomedian concavity usually distinctly W-shaped in major individuals, in minors the pronotal ornamentation may be only just distinct (in oblique view); bottom of concavities more or less sericeous. Interocular ridge low, not reaching paraocular ridge on either side, situated between posterior part of eyes. Anterolateral corners of clypeus usually protuberant . Scutellum usually closely punctate. Intermesocoxal lobe of metasternum anteriorly with arcuate ridge. Aedeagus  with acuBolboceras inaequale of 7–12 mm.There are small individuals (minors) from Northeast India and Bangladesh  cannot be considered the holotype, as there are two more historical specimens having the usual large  rhomboid label with PageBreak“W” , one of them with this label only. The specimen here qualified as syntype has a curatorial label of the 1960s, indicating its registration as Coleoptera type 516, plus additional post-Westwood labels. The three PageBreakspecimens are considered conspecific, and consequently, at this moment, an explicit lectotype designation appears unnecessary.Note the recent retransfer of this species from India (southern occurrences to be confirmed), Bangladesh; northern sub-Saharan Africa (needs confirmation).urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DDE7EE13-C2C5-4187-9CF5-1B290729ACDEhttp://species-id.net/wiki/Bolboceras_duplicatumHolotype male (RMNH) from South India: Madras [Chennai], x.1975, T.R.S. Nathan.Bolboceras: with blunt, membraneous parameres, the median apparatus lacking projecting sclerotized lateral stalks. Colour uniformly medium-brown. Body relatively large (length assumed roughly 10–11 mm).Saddle separating discomedian from discolateral concavities on pronotum short, thick, slightly lowered in relation to surrounding surface; discoparamedian tubercles approximated, but less than in the preceding species; discolateral concavity in no way extending onto anterolateral pronotal declivity. Interocular transverse ridge low, reaching paraocular ridge on either side, about halfway eye. Posterior edge of discomedian concavity only vaguely W-shaped. Pronotal tubercles with rounded tip. Anterolateral corners of clypeus appearing not strongly protuberant. Scutellum sparsely, finely punctate. Aedeagus unusual for . Body length ca 11.5 mm. Colour uniformly medium-brown, shiny .Labrum with vaguely emarginate anteromedian border, transverse ridge on coarsely punctate upper surface distinct. Clypeal surface with supra-anterolateral angles distinct, not raised (worn), intervening transverse anterior ridge very slightly convex in full-face view, almost straight; lateral perimarginal ridges distinct, moderately evenly curved, genal angle distinct. Clypeus densely, unevenly, distinctly punctate, frons abundantly, more finely punctate; secondary punctation on frons sparse. Anterior edge of eye canthus thickened-raised to slight arcuate-raised edge of short distal lobe; surface coarsely rugulate-punctate; paraocular ridge distinct, starting at genal angle, virtually straight, extending posteriorly along eye. Transverse interocular elevation situated halfway to eyes , long, low, distinctly reaching paraocular ridges, its lateral slope slight, crest narrow, unmodified, lateral angle obsolete on either end .PageBreakPageBreakrior declivity), posterior edge slightly bisinuate ; discolateral concavity deep, posterior edge rounded, anteriorly delimited by crowdedly, coarsely punctate patch behind eyes; saddle from discoparamedian tubercle to posterior disc broad, slightly lowered; bottom of discal concavities more or less matt; basomedian surface with sparsely punctate midline impression; anterolateral angle of marginal pronotal ridge ca 100˚ (full-face view). Pronotal surface with double punctation, primary punctation (size variable) laterally generally abundant; secondary punctation sparse, minute. Pronotal base broadly marginate, lined with row(s) of fine punctures. Scutellum with scattered, sparse double punctation.Pronotum anteromedially steeply declivous, shortly depressed at base , outline of marginate (raised) anterior border convex ; discoparamedian and discolateral protrusions on pronotum distinctly protuberant, their tip rounded, particularly in discoparamedians ; discomedian concavity very distinct, broad, largely situated behind closely set discoparamedian tubercles . Elytral interstriae (on cross-section) very slightly convex, vaguely, sparsely, micropunctate.Intercoxal anterior lobe of metasternum simply truncate in front.Protibia with 6 external denticles (tips worn off); apex unmodified, with robust, complanate, slightly tapering spur. Outher side of meso- and metatibiae with bilobate apical and one complete anteapical fossorial elevation (their crest fringed with fine spines).Aedeagus, Measurements of body parts. Median length of head  2.5 mm, width 3.6 mm. Median length of pronotum  4.2 mm, maximum width 7.1 mm. Median length of scutellum 1.2 mm, maximum width 1.4 mm. Sutural length of elytra  4.1 mm, maximum width combined 7.2 mm. Width of genital capsule 1.20 mm.Only one male seen – beware of possibly deceptive polymorphism.Southeast India.Name refers to its similarity to the preceding species.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:64EA91B5-7AB9-4EE0-BAF7-33C24FCB6BE3http://species-id.net/wiki/Bolboceras_orissicumHolotype male  from India: [Orissa:] Ganjam: Surada [also spelled Sorada], H. Donckier. Male and female paratypes (SMF) from [India: Jharkhand:] “Burju \ Bengal”.PageBreakposterior part of eyes, low, not reaching paraocular ridge on either side. Anterolateral corners of clypeus strongly protuberant . Scutellum usually abundantly punctate. Aedeagus with narrow, acuminate parameres, median apparatus with pair of strongly sclerotized lateral stalks, their tip very broadly recurved-hooked. Colour uniformly light-brown. Body length roughly 12.5–13.5 mm.Saddle separating discomedian and discolateral concavities on pronotum very short, broad, not lowered in relation to surrounding discal surface, discoparamedian tubercles distinctly separated by anterior part of discomedian concavity between them; discolateral concavity quasi-extending onto shallowly concave anterolateral corner; posterior edge of discolateral concavity well defined, “swollen” near saddle with discomedian concavity . Posterior edge of discomedian concavity virtually rounded. Interocular transverse ridge situated between . Body length ca 13 mm. Colour uniformly light-brown, shiny, certain parts sericeous.Labrum with emarginate anteromedian border, transverse ridge on rugulate upper surface fine, distinct. Clypeal surface with supra-anterolateral angles distinctly raised, dentate, intervening ridge concave in axial view, straight in full-face view; lateral perimarginal ridges distinct, strongly evenly curved, genal angle distinct. Clypeus densely punctate, remainder of head surface abundantly, evenly, distinctly punctate, primary punctures interspersed with fine secondary punctation being denser behind interocular ridge. Anterior edge of eye canthus raised to slight anterolateral angle, thence arcuate along edge of distal lobe; surface coarsely rugulate; paraocular ridge distinct, fine issuing from genal angle, virtually straight, extending posteriorly along eye. Transverse interocular elevation between posterior part of eyes, long, low, not reaching paraocular ridges, lateral slope slight, crest fine, unmodified, lateral angle obtuse on either end . Much of head surface subsericeous.Pronotum anteromedially steeply declivous, outline of marginate (raised) anterior border slightly convex ; discoparamedian and discolateral protrusions on pronotum distinctly protuberant, subrectangular , their tip rounded; discomedian concavity very distinct, evenly concave, broad, anterior part situated between discoparamedian tubercles (not continuing over anterior declivity), posterior edge broadly rounded ; discolateral concavity deep, posterior edge sinuate; anteriorly, at bottom, delimited by crowdedly, coarsely punctate patch behind eyes; saddle from discoparamedian tubercle to posterior disc very short, not lowered; bottom of discal concavities and anterior declivity subsericeous; basomedian surface glossy, with abundantly, finely punctate midline impression; anterolateral angle of marginal pronotal ridge ca 100˚ (full-face view). Pronotal surface with double punctation, primary punctation (size variable) laterally generally abundant, denser on anterior declivity; secondary punctation sparse, minute. Pronotal base broadly marginate, lined with numerous punctures. Scutellum with abundant, double punctation.Intercoxal anterior lobe of metasternum simply truncate in front.Elytra with discal striae shallowly impressed, finely punctate; punctures separated by 2-3 puncture diameters, slightly crenulating interstriae. Elytral interstriae (on cross-section) very slightly convex, vaguely, sparsely, micropunctate.Protibia with 6 external denticles; apex unmodified, with robust, complanate, slightly tapering spur. Outer side of meso- and metatibiae with bilobate apical and one complete anteapical fossorial elevation (their crest fringed with fine spines).Aedeagus, PageBreak 4.6 mm, maximum width 8.2 mm. Median length of scutellum 1.1 mm, maximum width 1.4 mm. Sutural length of elytra  3.9 mm, maximum width combined 8.3 mm. Width genital capsule 1.35 mm.Measurements of body parts. Median length of head  2.6 mm, width (including eyes) 4.2 mm. Median length of pronotum Variation slight, but beware of possibly deceptive polymorphism (may be obvious in larger series).No obvious sexual dimorphism.Northeast India, apparently South of the Ganges.The place called Burju, origin of the paratypes, is mentioned in the list of “post-office pincodes” in the Ranchi District of Jharkhand (India), and at the time of the collection of the SMF specimens there was a German mission school in the area, with staff sending specimens to German entomologists (around 1890–1910).Named after the type region.


AbstractHemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) of Iran is present based mainly on the literature records since 1902. In total, 13 families and 275 species have been recorded and these are listed along with their locality data and host plants. The families are as follows: Asterolecaniidae, Cerococcidae, Coccidae, Diaspididae, Eriococcidae, Kermesidae, Margarodidae, Monophlebidae, Ortheziidae, Phoenicococcidae, Pseudococcidae, Putoidae and Rhizoecidae. The following ten species are recorded for the first time from Iran: Diaspidiotus lenticularis (Lindinger), Diaspidiotus wuenni (Lindinger), Fiorinia proboscidaria Green, Koroneaspis lonicerae Borchsenius, Eriococcus cingulatus Kiritchenko, Eriococcus pamiricus (Bazarov), Eriococcus reynei Schmutterer, Eriococcus sanguinairensis Goux and Eriococcus saxidesertus (Borchsenius) and Porphyrophora victoriae Jashenko.A list of scale insects ( Coccoidea) are sap-sucking hemipterous insects with an estimated 8000 species within 49 families, of which 16 are only known from fossils (Sternorrhyncha superfamilies: aphids (Aphidoidea), whiteflies (Aleyrodoidea) and jumping plant lice (Psylloidea) PageBreak goes through “prepupal” and “pupal” stages and turns into an alate form with non-functional mouthparts  . The taxuthparts . The sizuthparts . HoweverAsterolecanium bornmuelleri (Asterolecaniidae), associated with its host plant Quercus persica , Palaeolecanium bituberculatum (Signoret), Eulecanium tiliae (Linnaeus), Sphaerolecanium prunastri (Boyer de Fonscolombe), Rhizopulvinaria artemisiae (Signoret), Pulvinaria vitis (Linnaeus), Anapulvinaria pistaciae (Bodenheimer), Parlatoria blanchardi Targioni Tozzetii, Parlatoria oleae Colvée, Lepidosaphes beckii (Newman), Lepidosaphes pistaciae Archangelskaya and Chlidaspis asiatica (Archangelskaya). Pulvinaria gossypii (Bodenheimer), and Epidiaspis salicis (Bodenheimer). Targionia anabasidis (Borchsenius) and Dynaspidiotus amygdalicola Borchsenius. Balachowsky between the years 1937 and 1967 made the greatest contribution to the taxonomy of diaspidids in Iran, and jointly worked with other Iranian entomologists to significantly improve the understanding of the scale insect fauna of the country. Kaussari was the first Iranian coccidologist to extensively revise the diaspidid fauna of Iran, between 1946 and 1970. Later contributions are those of Although the scale insects of Iran have been relatively well studied, there is still a strong need for further investigations, including extensive collections of these families in Iran. Historically, the first scale insect recorded from Iran was  persica . Lindingacia sp. . EarlierCoccoidea by Additional information has been gleaned from the various catalogues by Coccoidea for taxonomists and to update the recorded species from Iran. Only records in which Iran is specifically mentioned are cited.This present checklist is intended to facilitate access to the most recent data on Iranian Coccoidea recorded up to March, 2013 and includes 275 species in 113 genera and 13 families: Asterolecaniidae (seven species.), Cerococcidae (one species), Coccidae (30 species), Diaspididae (151 species), Eriococcidae (14 species), Kermesidae (two species), Margarodidae (seven species), Monophlebidae (five species), Ortheziidae (one species), Phoenicococcidae (one species), Pseudococcidae (54 species), Putoidae (one species) and Rhizoecidae (one species). New records from Iran are marked with asterisks include Diaspidiotus lenticularis (Lindinger), Diaspidiotus wuenni (Lindinger), Fiorinia proboscidaria Green, Koroneaspis lonicerae Borchsenius, Eriococcus cingulatus Kiritchenko, Eriococcus pamiricus (Bazarov), Eriococcus reynei Schmutterer, Eriococcus sanguinairensis Goux, Eriococcus saxidesertus (Borchsenius) and Porphyrophora victoriae Jashenko.The list contains all species of Asterolecanium bornmuelleri Rübsaamen, Acanthomytilus kurdicus (Bodenheimer), Aspidaspis dentilobus Kaussari & Balachowsky, Chorizococcus viticola Kaydan & Kozár, Chortinaspis salavatiani Balachowsky & Kaussari, Coccidohystrix burumandi Moghaddam, Contigaspis davatchii Kaussari, Contigaspis sarkissiani , Diaspidiotus baiati (Kaussari), Diaspidiotus iranicus Kaussari & Balachowsky, Diaspidiotus platychaetae Takagi & Moghaddam, Diaspis carmanica Davatchi & Balachowsky, Dynaspidiotus amygdalicola (Borchsenius), Dynaspidiotus medicus Kaussari, Eriococcus abaii (Danzig), Exallomochlus balouchestanensis Moghaddam, Melanaspis louristanus Balachowsky & Kaussari, Parlagena mckenziei Balachowsky, Parlagena remaudierei Kaussari, Peliococcus ilamicus Moghaddam, Phenacoccus betae Moghaddam, Phenacoccus iranica Moghaddam, Phenacoccus karkasicus Moghaddam, Phenacoccus salviacus Moghaddam, Polystomophora arakensis Moghaddam, Porphyrophora chelodonta Vahedi, Pseudotargionia orientalis Balachowsky & Kaussari, Rhodania aeluropi Williams & Moghaddam, Rungaspis avicenniae Takagi & Moghaddam, Spilococcus mirzayansi (Moghaddam), Targionia balachowskyi (Kaussari), Torosapis farsianus , These possibly endemic species are marked with black spots.The following 32 species are currently only known from Iran: Coccoidea by Rhizoecidae that follows The families are alphabetically ordered and are diagnosed based on the most recent classification of PageBreakCoccoidea collection, Insect Taxonomy Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRIPP), Tehran, Iran. Collections are also housed in the Natural History Museum, London, UK (BMNH); Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France (MNHN); United States National Entomological Collection, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA (USNM); Department of Entomology, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel (ICVI); Zoological Museum, Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia (ZIRAS), Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey and Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg, Germany (ZMUH).Slide-mounted specimens of most of the species are deposited in the PageBreak(Russell)Asterolecanium bellum Russell, 1941: 50.Unknown.Fagaceae: Quercus sp.(Russell)Asterolecanium minus Russell, 1941: 132.Fars, Golestan.Fagaceae: Quercus infectoria.(Bouché)Lecanium quercicolaAsterolecanium quercicola Signoret, 1870. Bouché, 1851: 112. Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Fars, Ilam, Kermanshah, Khouzestan, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan.Fagaceae: Quercus sp.●RübsaamenAsterolecanium bornmuelleri Rübsaamen, 1902: 316.Fars.Fagaceae: Quercus persica.PageBreakAsterolecanium bambusae Boisduval, 1869: 261.Gilan.Poaceae: Bambusa sp.(Ramachandra Rao)Asterolecanium phoenicis Ramachandra Rao, 1922: 11.Bushehr, Esfahan, Fars, Khorasan -e Jonoubi, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.Arecaceae: Phoenix dactylifera.(Cockerell)Asterodiaspis pustulans Cockerell, 1892: 142.Unknown locality.Unknown plant.(Archangelskaya)Cerveoccus longipilosus Archangelskaya, 1930a: 81.Ilam, Lorestan, Yazd.Asteraceae: Lactuca orientalis.PageBreakCtenochiton haloxyloni Hall, 1926: 17.Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Esfahan, Semnan, Yazd.Amaranthaceae: Haloxylon sp., Noaea mucronata.(Nazonov)Pulvinaria orientalis Nasonov, 1908: 493.Esfahan, Hamadan, Golestan, Kerman, Khorasan -e Shomali, Sistan & Balouchestan.Amaranthaceae: Halocnemum strobilaceum, Haloxylon sp., Noaea mucronata, Salsola oppositifolia; Asteraceae: Achillea sp., Artemisia sp.; Rosaceae: Prunus lycioides; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.Acanthopulvinaria orientalis from the plant family Rosaceae.This is the first record for (Bodenheimer)Pulvinaria pistaciae Bodenheimer, 1926: 189.Hormozgan, Kerman, Khorasan -e Jonoubi, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.Anacardiaceae: Pistacia khinjuk, Rhus coriaria; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.Anapulvinaria pistaciae from the plant family Juglandaceae.This is the first record of (Bodenheimer)Lecanium (Eulecanium) racheli Bodenheimer, 1924: 68.Ilam, Kermanshah, Lorestan.PageBreakLamiaceae: Vitex cf. Pseudonegundo.ComstockCeroplastes floridensis Comstock, 1881: 331.Ardabil, Fars, Gilan, Mazandaran.Araliaceae: Hedera pastuchowii; Ebenaceae: Diospyros kaki; Moraceae: Ficus benjamina; Pinaceae: Cedrus sp.; Rosaceae: Cydonia oblonga; Rutaceae: Citrus sinensis; Taxodiaceae: Metasequoia glyptostroboides.Ceroplastes floridensis from plant families Moraceae and Taxodiaceae.These are the first records of (Linnaeus)Coccus rusci Linnaeus, 1758: 456.Fars, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan, Sistan & Balouchestan.Moraceae: Ficus carica.Del GuercioCeroplastes sinensis Del Guercio, 1900: 3.Gilan, Mazandaran.Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Rosaceae: Rosa sp.Ceroplastes sinensis from the plant family LythraceaeThis is the first record of LinnaeusCoccus hesperidum Linnaeus, 1758: 455.PageBreakElborz, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Khouzestan, Markazi, Mazandaran, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran.Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander; Aquifoliaceae: Ilex sp.; Asparagaceae: Yucca baccata; Fabaceae: Alhagi camelorum, Cercis siliquastrum, Robinia pseudo-acacia; Lauraceae: Laurus nobilis; Lycopodiaceae: Lycopodium clavatum; Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Moraceae: Ficus benjamina, Ficus carica, Morus alba; Myrsinaceae: Cyclamen coum; Nyctaginaceae: Mirabilis jalapa; Rosaceae: Prunus armeniaca; Rutaceae: Citrus sinensis, Ulmaceae: Ulmus campestris.Coccus hesperidum from the plant families Aquifoliaceae, Asparagaceae, Lycopodiaceae, Moraceae and Rosaceae.These are the first records of (Kuwana)Lecanium (Eulecanium) pseudomagnoliarum Kuwana, 1914: 7.Golestan.Host plant.Rutaceae: Citrus sp.(Archangelskaya)Physokermes unifasciatus Archangelskaya, 1923: 265.Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Kermanshah, Markazi.Rosaceae: Prunus amygdalus, Prunus persica.(Boyer de Fonscolombe)Coccus festucae Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1834: 216.Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Mazandaran, Zanjan.Poaceae.PageBreakBorchseniusEulecanium ficiphilum Borchsenius, 1955: 293.Azarbaijan -e Garbi.Unknown plant.(Archangelskaya)Lecanium rugulosum Archangelskaya, 1937: 46.Fars, Kermanshah.Anacardiaceae: Pistacia sp.; Betulaceae: Corylus avellana.Eulecanium rugulosum from the plant family Betulaceae.This is the first record of (Linnaeus)Coccus tiliaeEulecanium coryli Cockerell, 1901 (nomen nudum). Linnaeus, 1758: 456. Esfahan. Kerman, Kermanshah, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran.Anacardiaceae: Pistacia khinjuk; Rosaceae: Cydonia oblonga, Malus domestica, Prunus caspica, Prunus reutri.WilliamsExaeretopus tritici Williams, 1977: 281.Lorestan.Poaceae: Hordeum sp.PageBreak(Hadzibejli)Exaeretopus stipae Hadzibejli, 1960: 310.Kermanshah.Poaceae.(Signoret)Lecanium bituberculatumEulecanium bituberculatum Fernald, 1903 (nomen nudum). Signoret, 1873a: 414. Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Esfahan, Kerman, Kermanshah.Moraceae: Morus alba; Rosaceae: Crataegus azarollus, Malus domestica.Palaeolecanium bituberculatum from the plant family Moraceae.This is the first record of (Bouché)Lecanium corniEulecanium corni Fernald, 1903. Bouché, 1844: 298. Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Tehran.Betulaceae: Corylus avellana; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior; Solanaceae: Solanum tuberosum.Parthenolecanium corni from the plant family Solanaceae.This is the first record of (Fabricius)Chermes persicaeLecanium persicae Bouché, 1844. Fabricius, 1776: 304. Esfahan, Kermanshah, Tehran.Moraceae: Morus alba.PageBreakCockerellPulvinaria aurantiiChloropulvinaria aurantii Borchsenius, 1952. Cockerell, 1896: 19. Gilan, Golestan, Mazandaran, Sistan & Balouchestan.Moraceae: Morus alba; Myrtaceae: Psidium guajava; Rutaceae: Citrus bigaradia, Citrus sinensis.Pulvinaria aurantii from the plant families Moraceae and Myrtaceae.These are the first records of (Westwood)Coccus flocciferusChloropulvinaria floccifera Borchsenius, 1952. Westwood, 1870: 308. Mazandaran, Gilan.Aquifoliaceae: Ilex spinigera; Rosaceae: Mespilus germanica.●(Bodenheimer)Filippia gossypii Bodenheimer, 1944: 89.Sistan & Balouchestan.Malvaceae: Gossypium sp.(Linnaeus)Coccus vitisPulvinaria betulae Signoret, 1873 Linnaeus, 1758: 455. Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Ilam, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Razavi, Mazandaran, Tehran, Yazd.Betulaceae: Alnus sp.; Fabaceae: Robinia sp.; Moraceae: Ficus carica; Rosaceae: Pyrus communis; Salicaceae: Salix sp.; Vitaceae: Vitis persica.PageBreakPulvinaria vitis from the plant families Fabaceae and Moraceae.These are the first records of (Signoret)Pulvinaria artemisiaeRhizopulvinaria minima Borchsenius, 1952. Rhizopulvinaria virgulata Borchsenius, 1952. Signoret, 1873: 31. Ardabil, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Golestan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Yazd and Zanjan.Amaranthaceae: Noaea mucrunata; Asteraceae: Achillea sp., Echinops ritro, Carthamus oxyacantha; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.; Rosaceae: Prunus scoparia.(Archangelskaya)Pulvinaria artemisiae turkestanica Archangelskaya, 1931: 81.Ardebil, Ilam, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kordestan, Lorestan.Amaranthaceae: Noaea mucronata; Asteraceae: Carthamus oxyacantha.(Archangelskaya)Lecanium coryli turanicum Archangelskaya, 1937: 47.Unknown.Unknown plant.Lecanium coffeaeSaissetia hemisphaerica Hall, 1922. Walker, 1852: 1079. Gilan.PageBreakCelastraceae: Evonymus sp.; Cycadaceae: Cycas sp.(Olivier)Coccus oleae Olivier, 1791: 95.Gilan, Mazandaran, Tehran.Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander; Oleaceae: Olea europea.(Boyer de Fonscolombe)Coccus prunastriEulecanium prunastri Fernald, 1903. Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1834: 211. Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Esfahan, Tehran, Yazd.Rosaceae: Prunus amygdalus, Prunus reuteri, Prunus scoparia, Prunus sp.(Newstead)Lichtensia ephedraeFilippia ephedrae Lindinger, 1912. Newstead, 1901: 83. Esfahan, Fars, Kerman, Yazd.Ephedraceae: Ephedra sp.Lepidosaphes intermittens Hall, 1924: 7.Sistan & Balouchestan.Poaceae.PageBreak●(Bodenheimer)Mytilococcus kurdicus Bodenheimer, 1943: 5.Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran.Aceraceae: Acer cinerascens; Fabaceae: Prosopis spicigera.(Maskell)Aspidiotus aurantii Maskell, 1879: 199.Gilan, Golestan, Mazandaran, Tehran.Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Rosaceae: Amygdalus persica; Oleaceae: Olea europaea; Rutaceae: Citrus sinensis.Aonidiella aurantii from the plant family Lythraceae.This is the first record of (Coquillett)Aspidiotus citrinus Coquillett, 1891: 29.Gilan, Golestan, Mazandaran.Cornaceae: Cornus sp.; Rutaceae: Citrus bigaradia, Citrus limetta.Aonidiella citrina from the plant family CornaceaeThis is the first record of PageBreak(Newstead)Aspidiotus orientalis Newstead, 1894: 26.Bushehr, Fars, Hormozgan, Khouzestan, Sistan & Balouchestan.Anacardiaceae: Mangifera indica; Apocynaceae: Calotropis procera, Nerium oleander, Periploca aphylla; Arecaceae: Cocos nucifera, Phoenix dactylifera; Boraginaceae: Cordia myxa; Fabaceae: Albizia julibrissin, Ceratonia siliqua, Dalbergia sissoo, Prosopis spicigera, Tamarindus indica; Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Musaceae: Musa sapientum; Myrtaceae: Callistemon lophanthus, Myrtus communis, Psidium guajava, Syzygium aromaticum; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi; Rutaceae: Citrus bigaradia, Citrus limon, Citrus limetta, Citrus sinensis; Salicaceae: Salix sp.; Sapotaceae: Manilkara zapota; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix indica.Aonidiella orientalis from the plant family Tamaricaceae.This is the first record of ●Kaussari & BalachowskyAspidaspis dentilobus Kaussari & Balachowsky, 1953a: 99.Esfahan, Fars, Kerman, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad.Polygonaceae: Atraphaxis spinosa.SignoretAspidiotus destructor Signoret, 1869: 120.Khouzestan, Sistan & Balouchestan.Arecaceae: Nannorrhops ritchiana; Musaceae: Musa sapientum.PageBreakBouchéAspidiotus nerii Bouché, 1833: 52.Elborz, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Markazi, Golestan, Mazandaran, Tehran.Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander; Araliaceae: Hedera canariensis; Arecaceae: Phoenix sp.; Asparagaceae: Asparagus officinalis; Oleaceae: Olea europaea; Orchidaceae: Maxillaria, longipetala; Pinaceae: Pinus sp.; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.Aspidiotus nerii from the plant families Asparagaceae and Tamaricaceae.These are the first records of (Green)Diaspis phoenicis Green, 1922: 1014.Unknown.Unknown plant.(Bouché)Aspidiotus rosae Bouché, 1833: 53.Ardabil, Gilan, Mazandaran, Tehran.Rosaceae: Rosa sp., Rubus fruticosus.KaussariBalachowskiella salvadorae Kaussari, 1955a: 230–232.Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan.Salvadoraceae: Salvadora perisica.PageBreak(Bouché)Carulaspis juniperiAspidiotus Juniperi Bouché, 1851: 112.Unknown.Unknown plant.(Signoret)Diaspis carueliCarulaspis caruelii Borchsenius, 1966. Signoret, 1869d: 436. Golestan, Mazandaran.Cupressaceae: Cupressus sp., Thuja orientalis; Taxaceae: Taxus sp.Carulaspis minima from the plant family Taxaceae.This is the first record of (Schrank)Coccus visciDiaspis visci Löw, 1872. Schrank, 1781: 296. Tehran.Cuprassaceae: Thuja sp.LeonardiChionaspis etrusca Leonardi, 1908: 184–186.Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Gilan, Kermanshah.Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.PageBreakBalachowskyChionaspis lepineyiChionaspis parastigma Balachowsky, 1954. Balachowsky, 1928: 273–277. Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Fars, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Ilam, Lorestan.Fagaceae: Quercus sp.(Linnaeus)Coccus salicisChionaspis polypora Borchsenius, 1949. Linnaeus, 1758: 456. Ardabil, Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Gilan, Golestan, Hamadan, Ilam, Mazandaran, Semnan, Tehran.BetulaceaeAlnus sp.; Fagaceae: Quercus sp.; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior; Salicaceae: Populus nigra, Salix sp.(Archangelskaya)Chionaspis asiaticaChlidaspis prunorum Borchsenius, 1949. Phenacaspis prunorum Borchsenius, 1939. Tecaspis asiatica Balachowsky, 1954. Tecaspis prunorum Balachowsky, 1954. Voraspis adlei Balachowsky & Kaussari, 1955. Archangelskaya, 1930a: 93. Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Elborz, Esfahan, Fars, Hamadan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kordestan, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran, Yazd.Rosaceae: Malus domestica, Prunus amygdalus, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus domestica, Prunus lycioides, Prunus persica, Prunus scoparia, Prunus spinosa, Pyrus amygdaliformis and Pyrus communis.●Balachowsky & KaussariChortinaspis salavatiani Balachowsky & Kaussari, 1951: 2.Kermanshah, Sistan & Balouchestan.Poaceae.(Morgan)Aspidiotus dictyospermi Morgan, 1889: 352.Gilan, Mazandaran, Tehran, Zanjan.Apiaceae: Actinolema eryngioides; Arecaceae: Howea forsteriana, Phoenix sp.; Asparagaceae: Beaucarnea recurvata, Dracaena sp.; Buxaceae: Buxus hyrcana; Fabaceae: Robinia sp.; Moraceae: Ficus benjamina; Oleaceae: Olea europea; Pinaceae: Pinus sp.; Rutaceae: Citrus sinensis; Strelitziaceae: Strelitzia alba; Theaceae: Camellia sinensis.Chrysomphalus dictyospermi from the plant families Apiaceae and Asparagaceae.These are the first records of (Maskell)Diaspis pinnulifera Maskell, 1891: 4.Unknown.Unknown plant.Kozár et al. (1996)●KaussariContigaspis davatchii Kaussari, 1959: 131–134.Esfahan, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad.Amaranthaceae: Noaea mucronata; Asteraceae: Cousinia sp.PageBreakContigaspis davatchii from the plant family Amaranthaceae.This is the first record of Coccomytilus farsetiaeEremohallaspis farsetiae Balachowsky, 1954. Hall, 1926: 23–24. Artemisaspis farsetiae Borchsenius & Williams, 1963.Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Esfahan, Kerman, Khorasan -e Razavi, Sistan & Balouchestan.Amaranthaceae: Anabasis sp., Salsola sp., Seidlitzia rosmarinus; Asteraceae: Artemisia abrotanum; Polygonaceae: Atraphaxis spinosa, Calligonum comosum; Zygophyllaceae: Zygophyllum eurypterus.●Paragadaspis sarkissiani Kaussari & Balachowsky in Esfahan, Golestan, Kerman, Yazd.Asteraceae: Artemisia sp.; Boraginaceae: Heliotropium sp.; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.Contigaspis sarkissiani from the plant family Fabaceae.This is the first record of Pinnaspis zillae Hall, 1923: 27–28.Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Golestan, Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran.Amaranthaceae: Bassia prostrata; Borajinaceae: Heliotropium sp.; Fabaceae: Indigofera argentea; Lamiaceae: Thymus vulgaris; Rosaceae: Crataegus azarollus.PageBreakContigaspis zillae from the plant families Lamiaceae and Rosaceae.These are the first records of (Bodenheimer)Aonidia halli Bodenheimer, 1929: 104–105.Kerman, Khorasan -e Shomali, Sistan & Balouchestan.Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.Cryptoparlatoreopsis halli from the plant family Lythraceae.This is the first record of Targionia meccae Hall, 1927: 263–265.Sistan & Balouchestan.Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi.Aonidia tlaiae Balachowsky, 1927: 200.Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan.Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.PageBreak(Borchsenius)Aspidiotus armenicus Borchsenius, 1935: 132.Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Lorestan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran.Salicaceae: Populus alba, Salix sp.●(Kaussari)Quadraspidiotus baiati Kaussari, 1958: 232.Ardabil, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Fars, Ilam, Khouzestan, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan.Ephedraceae: Ephedra sp.; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.; Fagaceae: Castanea sativa; Thymelaeaceae: Daphne angustifolia.Diaspidiotus baiati from the plant families Ephedraceae and Fagaceae.These are the first records of (Borchsenius)Aspidiotus caucasicus Borchsenius, 1935: 130.Fars, Kerman, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Sistan & Balouchestan.Salicaceae: Salix sp.(Leonardi)Hemiberlesia cecconiiQuadraspidiotus cecconii Balachowsky, 1950. Leonardi, 1908: 188. Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Esfahan, Fars, Hamadan, Kerman, Kordestan.PageBreakAmaranthaceae: Noaea mucronata; Rosaceae: Cotoneaster vulgaris.Diaspidiotus cocconii from the plant family Rosaceae.This is the first record of (Borchsenius)Aspidiotus elaeagni Borchsenius, 1939: 35.Kermanshah, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad.Fagaceae: Quercus sp.; Rosaceae: Prunus sp.Diaspidiotus elaeagni from the plant family Fagaceae.This is the first record of KaussariDiaspidiotus farahbakhchi Kaussari, 1955a: 235.Mazandaran.Fagaceae: Quercus sp.●Kaussari & BalachowskyDiaspidiotus iranicus Kaussari & Balachowsky, 1953: 24.Esfahan, Fars, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Sistan & Balouchestan.Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.PageBreakBalachowskyDiaspidiotus kaussari Balachowsky, 1950a: 494 Aspidiotus (Hemiberlesia) laperrinei Balachowsky, 1929: 314.Sistan & Balouchestan.Polygonaceae: Calligonum sp.*(Lindinger)Aspidiotus lenticularis Lindinger, 1912: 149.Fars.Moraceae: Ficus carica.Diaspidiotus lenticularis from Iran, identified by B. Kaydan.This the first record of (Curtis)Aspidiotus ostreaeformisQuadraspidiotus ostreaeformis MacGillivray, 1921. Curtis, 1843a: 805. Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Mazandaran, Tehran.Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior.PageBreak(Comstock)Aspidiotus perniciosus Comstock, 1881: 304.Ardabil, Gilan, Mazandaran.Cucurbitaceae: Citrullus vulgaris; Rosaceae: Malus domestica, Prunus sp., Rosa sp.; Salicaceae: Populus euramericana, Populus nigra.Diaspidiotus pernicosus from the plant family Cucurbitaceae.This is the first record of ●Takagi & MoghaddamDiaspidiotus platychatae Takagi & Moghaddam, 2005: 54 (Misspelling of species name in Khouzestan.Asteraceae: Platychaeta mucroniflia.(Laing)Aspidiotus prunorum Laing, 1931: 99.Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Golestan, Hamadan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Mazandaran, Tehran, Yazd.Asteraceae: Echinops ritro; Rosaceae: Malus domestica, Persica vulgaris, Prunus amygdalus, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus, Prunus domestica, Prunus lycioides, Prunus persica, Amygdalus reuteriPrunus spinosa, Rosa sp.; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.Diaspidiotus prunorum from the plant family Tamaricaceae.This is the first record of (Lichtenstein)Aspidiotus pyriQuadraspidiotus pyri Lupo, 1948. Lichtenstein, 1881: lii. Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Khorasan -e Razavi.PageBreakRosaceae: Malus domestica, Prunus sp., Pyrus communis.(Green)Targionia slavonicaQuadraspidiotus slavonicus Green, 1934. Quadraspidiotus populi Bodenheimer, 1943. Green, 1934a: 95. Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Elborz, Golestan, Khorasan -e Shomali, Lorestan, Markazi, Sistan & Balouchestan.Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior; Salicaceae: Populus euphratica, Salix caprica.Diaspidiotus slavonicus from the plant family Oleaceae.This is the first record of (Marlatt)Aspidiotus (Diaspidiotus) transcaspiensis Marlatt, 1908: 21.Esfahan, Golestan, Kerman.Rosaceae: Cotoneaster kotschyi, Prunus armeniaca; Fagaceae: Quercus castaneifolia; Salicaceae: Populus sp.Diaspidiotus transcaspiensis from the plant family Rosaceae.This is the first record of (Borchsenius)Aspidiotus turanicus Borchsenius, 1935: 131.Elborz, Kerman, Khorasan -e Shomali, Lorestan, Tehran, Zanjan.Salicaceae: Populus sp., Salix sp.PageBreak*(Lindinger)Aspidiotus wuenni Lindinger, 1923: 147.Kermanshah.Fagaceae: Quercus sp.Diaspidiotus wuenni from Iran, identified by B. Kayadan.This is the first record of (Frauenfeld)Aspidiotus zonatus Frauenfeld, 1868: 888.Fars, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan.Fagaceae: Quercus sp.; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Moraceae: Ficus carica.SignoretDiaspis boisduvalii Signoret, 1869b: 432–433.Gilan.Arecaceae: Chamaerops sp.●Davatchi & BalachowskyDiaspis carmanicus Davatchi & Balachowsky, 1956: 106–109.Fars, Kerman.Anacardiaceae: Pistacia khinjuk.(Bouché)Aspidiotus echinocactiDiaspis calyptroides Costa, 1829. Bouché, 1833: 53. Tehran.PageBreakCactaceae: Opuntia sp.LindingerDiaspis syriaca Lindinger, 1912: 264.Kermanshah.Anacardiaceae: Pistacia khinjuk.(Borchsenius)Chionaspis graminella Borchsenius, 1949: 348.Ilam, Kerman.Poaceae: Phragmites australis.(Maskell)Chionaspis spartinae natalensisDuplachionaspis stanotophri Hall, 1946. Maskell, 1896: 390–391. Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.Poaceae: Cynodon dactylon, Phragmites sp.Chionaspis noaeae Hall, 1925: 13–14.Ardabil, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Hormozgan, Lorestan.Amaranthaceae: Noaea mucronata.PageBreak(Koroneos)Aspidiotus abieticola Koroneos, 1934: 9.Unknown.Pinaceae.(Schrank)Coccus abietis Schrank, 1781: 48.Mazandaran.Pinaceae: Pinus sp.●(Borchsenius)Diaspidiotus amygdalicola Borchsenius, 1952: 261.Fars, Ilam, Kerman, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan.Rosaceae: Prunus lycioides, Prunus reuteri, Prunus scoparia.Hemiberlesia atlantica Balachowsky, 1928: 125.Unknown.Araliaceae: Hedera helix.(Newstead)Aspidiotus britannicus Newstead, 1898: 93.Unknown.PageBreakAquifoliaceae: Ilex sp.; Araliaceae: Hedera helix; Asparagaceae: Ruscus aculeatus;Buxaceae: Buxus sp.; Lauraceae: Laurus nobilis.(Lindinger)Aspidiotus ephedrarumAbgrallaspis ephedrarum Balachowsky, 1948. Lindinger, 1912: 139. Fars, Hormozgan, Kerman, Semnan, Yazd.Ephedraceae: Ephedra sp.(Goux)Aspidiotus ericarum Goux, 1937: 345.Unknown.Anacardiaceae: Pistacia lentiscus; Ericaceae: Arbutus unedo; Myrtaceae: Myrtus communis.●KaussariDynaspidiotus medicus Kaussari, 1956: 102.Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.Sameraria; Rutaceae: Haplophyllum sp.; Solanaceae: Withania somnifera.Cruciferae: Dynaspidiotus medicus from the plant family Solanaceae.This is the first record of ●KaussariDynaspidiotus spartii Kaussari, 1954: 82.Gilan, Kermanshah.Fabaceae: Spartium junceum.PageBreak(Bazarov & Shmelev)Ephedraspis tenera Bazarov & Shmelev, 1967: 60.Golestan.Ephedraceae: Ephedra sp.(Leonardi)Diaspis gennadii Leonardi, 1898: 115.Ghazvin.Anacardiaceae: Pistacia vera.(Signoret)Diaspis leperii Signoret, 1869b: 437–438.Tehran.Rosaceae.(Bodenheimer)Thymaspis salicis Bodenheimer, 1944a: 94–95.Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari.Salicaceae: Salix sp.PageBreak(Newstead)Parlatoria distinctissimaFiorinia afchari Bodenheimer, 1944. Newstead, 1896: 133–134. Hormozgan, Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander, Periploca aphylla; Capparaceae: Capparis decidua; Solanaceae: Withania somnifera.Fiorinia distinctissima from the plant families Capparaceae and Solanaceae.These are the first records of BalachowskyFiorinia phoenicis Balachowsky, 1967: 771–775.Fars, Hormozgan, Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.Arecaceae: Phoenix dactylifera.*GreenFiorinia proboscidaria Green, 1900: 256.Sistan & Balouchestan.Unknown plant.Fiorinia proboscidaria from Iran, identified by M. Moghaddam.This is the first record of (Green)Odonaspis penicillata Green, 1905: 346.Gilan.Poaceae: Bambusa sp.PageBreak●Abgrallaspis kaussarii Balachowsky, 1959: 211.Semnan, Tehran.Unknown plant.(Signoret)Aspidiotus lataniae Signoret, 1869: 124.Gilan, Mazandaran, Sistan & Balouchestan.Buxaceae: Buxus hyrcana; Fabaceae: Inga edulis; Lauraceae: Persea americana.(Comstock)Aspidiotus rapaxAspidiotus camelliae Signoret, 1869 (nomen nudum). Hemiberlesia camelliae Leonardi, 1897 (nomen nudum). Comstock, 1881: 307. Gilan, Mazandaran, Sistan & Balouchestan.Celastraceae: Euonymus japonicus; Fabaceae: Robinia sp.; Moraceae: Ficus sp.; Oleaceae: Olea europea.(Koroneos)Lepidosaphes aegilopos Koroneos, 1934: 74–75.Fars, Kermanshah, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad.Fagaceae: Quercus sp.PageBreak*BorchseniusKoroneaspis lonicerae Borchsenius, 1949a: 343–344.Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Fars, Kerman, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad.Caprifoliaceae: Lonicera sp.Koroneaspis lonicerae from Iran, identified by M. Moghaddam.This is the first record of (Cooley)Chionaspis howardi Cooley, 1898: 88–89.Mazandaran.Poaceae: Bambusa sp.BorchseniusLepidosaphes afganensis Borchsenius, 1962: 861.Unknown.Unknown plant.(Newman)Coccus beckii Newman, 1869: 217–218.Mazandaran.Buxaceae: Buxus hyrcana; Rutaceae: Citrus sinensis; Theaceae: Camellia sinensis.Lepidosaphes beckii from the plant family Buxaceae.This is the first record of PageBreakBalachowskyLepidosaphes belutchistanusMytilaspis belutchistanus Borchsenius, 1963. Balachowsky, 1954: 75–77. Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Kerman.Acanthaceae: Avicenniae officinalis; Arecaceae: Nannorrhops ritchiana; Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander, Periploca aphylla; Fabaceae: Acacia sp., Prosopis spicigera.Lepidosaphes belutchistana from the plant families Acanthaceae and Arecaceae.These are the first records of (Gmelin)Coccus conchiformisLepidosaphes ficus Fernald, 1903. Lepidosaphes minima Fernald, 1903. Mytilaspis conchiformis Signoret, 1870. Gmelin, 1790: 2221. Esfahan, Fars, Ghazvin, Golestan, Kerman, Khorasan -e Jonoubi, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran.Elaeagnaceae: Elaeagnus angustifolia; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Moraceae: Ficus carica; Ulmaceae: Ulmus campestris.(Packard)Aspidiotus gloverii Packard, 1869: 527.Gilan, Mazandaran.Rutaceae: Citrus spp.KoroneosLepidosaphes conchiformis granati Koroneos, 1934: 72–73.PageBreakEsfahan, Khorasan -e Jonoubi.Elaeagnaceae: Eleagnus sp.BalachowskyLepidosaphes janguai Balachowsky, 1954: 82–83.Sistan & Balouchestan.Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.LindingerLepidosaphes juniperiMytilococcus juniperi Bodenheimer, 1943. Lindinger, 1912: 188. Hamadan, Tehran.Cupressaceae: Juniperus communis, Thuja orientalis.BorchseniusLepidosaphes malicola Borchsenius, 1947: 142.Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Elborz, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Hamadan, Kerman, Khorasan -e Razavi, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Mazandaran, Tehran.Fabaceae: Astragalus sp., Cercis siliquastrum; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior; Rosaceae: Cotoneaster vulgaris, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus persica, Prunus sp.; Salicaceae: Populus nigra; Thymelaeaceae: Daphne angustifolia; Ulmaceae: Ulmus sp.Lepidosaphes malicola from the plant families Lythraceae, Thymelaeaceae and Ulmaceae.These are the first records of PageBreak(Šulc)Mytilaspis newsteadi Šulc, 1895: 8–12.Kerman.Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander.Lepidosaphes newsteadi from the plant family Apocynaceae.This is the first record of (Maskell)Mytilaspis pallidaInsulaspis maskelli Borchsenius, 1963. Maskell, 1895: 46. Gilan, Golestan, Sistan & Balouchestan.Acanthaceae: Avicennia officinalis; Apocynaceae: Nerium sp.; Cupressaceae: Juniperus communis; Pinaceae: Pinus sp.; Rosaceae: Mespilus germanica;Taxodiaceae: Cryptomeria sp.Lepidosaphes pallida from the plant families Acanthaceae, Apocynaceae and Rosaceae.These are the first records of (Williams)Insulaspis pallidula Williams, 1969: 114.Sistan & Balouchestan.Myrtaceae: Psidium guajava; Solanaceae: Solanum melongena.Lepidosaphes pallidula from the plant family Solanaceae.This is the first record of (Bouché)Aspidiotus pinnaeformis Bouché, 1851: 111.Unknown.Unknown plant.PageBreakArchangelskayaLepidosaphes pistaciaeMytilococcus pistaciae Bodenheimer, 1943. Pistaciaspis pistaciae Borchsenius, 1963. Pistaciapis pistacicola Borchsenius, 1963. Archangelskaya, 1930: 91. Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Esfahan, Fars, Ghazvin, Ilam, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Razvi, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.Anacardiaceae: Pistacia khinjuk, Pistacia mutica, Pistacia vera.ArchangelskayaLepidosaphes turanicaMytilaspis turanica . Archangelskaya, 1937: 75. Unknown.Uknown plant.(Linnaeus)Coccus ulmi Linnaeus, 1758: 455.Ardabil, Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Lorestan, Markazi, Mazandaran, Tehran.Aceraceae: Acer sp.; Betulaceae: Alnus glutinosa, Corylus avellana; Fabaceae: Cercis siliquastrum, Spartium junceum; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior; Rosaceae: Crataegus ambigua, Mespilus germanica, Prunus sp., Rosa sp.; Salicaceae: Populus nigra, Salix sp.; Ulmaceae: Ulmus carpinifolia.ColvéeLeucaspis lowi Colvée, 1882: 10–12.Unknown.PageBreakUknown plant.LöwLeucaspis pusilla Löw, 1883: 3–5.Elborz, Fars, Golestan, Mazandaran, Tehran.Pinaceae: Pinus sp.Targioni TozzettiLeucaspis riccaeLeucaspis Riccae Targioni Tozzetti, 1881: 160.Kermanshah, Zanjan.Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander; Oleaceae: Olea europea.(Cockerell)Leucaspis japonicus Cockerell, 1897: 53.Gilan, Hormozgan, Mazandaran, Sistan & Balouchestan.Aceraceae: Acer insigne; Betulaceae: Corylus avellana; Buxaceae: Buxus hyrcana; Caprifoliaceae: Lonicera caprifolium; Celastraceae: Euonymus japonicus; Fabaceae: Robinia sp.; Magnoliaceae: Magnolia grandiflora; Moraceae: Ficus bengalensis, Ficus carica, Ficus riligiosa, Morus alba; Rosaceae: Cydonia oblonga, Mespilus germanica, Rosa sp.Lopholeucaspis japonica from the plant family Buxaceae.This is the first record of (Leonardi)Aonidiella inopinata Leonardi, 1913: 63.Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Bushehr, Fars, Kerman, Kermanshah, Kordestan, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan, Yazd.Aceraceae: Acer cinerascens; Brassicaceae: Anabasis sp.; Anacardiaceae: Pistacia khinjuk, Pistacia mutica; Euphorbiaceae: Ricinus communis; Fabaceae: Acacia sp., Astragalus sp.; Fagaceae: Quercus sp.; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior; Rosaceae: Malus domestica, Prunus avium, Pyrus sp.; Salicaceae: Salix sp.Melanaspis inopinata from the plant families Brassicaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Fagaceae.These are the first records of ●Balachowsky & KaussariMelanaspis louristanus Balachowsky & Kaussari, 1953: 28.Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Fars, Ilam, Kermanshah, Kordestan, Khouzestan, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan.Fagaceae: Quercus sp.Lepidosaphes bicuspisNilotaspis bicuspis Balachowsky, 1954. Hall, 1923: 22–23. Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.Amaranthaceae: Suaeda nudiflora; Sapindaceae: Stocksia brahuica; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.Mercetaspis bicuspis from the plant families Amaranthaceae and Sapindaceae.These are the first records of PageBreak(Borchsenius)Haplaspis calligoni Borchsenius, 1949: 736.Kerman.Polygonaceae: Atraphaxis spinosa, Calligonum denticulatum.(Green)Lepidosaphes (Coccomytilus) halliNilotaspis halli Ferris, 1941. Green, 1923: 63. Ardabil, Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Hamadan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.Anacardiaceae: Pistacia khinjuk; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp., Ebenus stellata; Rosaceae: Amygdalus communis, Amygdalus lycioides, Amygdalus persica, Amygdalus reuteri, Amygdalus scoparia, Armeniaca vulgaris, Prunus amygdalus, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus domestica, Prunus persica, Prunus reuteri, Prunus sorparia, Prunus spinosa.Mercetaspis halli from the plant family Anacardiaceae.This is the first record of Coccomytilus isisNilotaspis isis Hall, 1923. Hall, 1923: 21–22. Esfahan, Hormozgan, Kerman.Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.(Bodenheimer)Coccomytilus sureyanus Bodenheimer, 1941: 66.PageBreakGolestan.Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.(Green)Leucaspis quadrispinosa Green, 1934: 110–111.Sistan & Balouchestan.Acanthaceae: Avicennia officinalis.(Comstock)Aspidiotus personatus Comstock, 1883: 66.Unknown.Uknown plant.(Comstock)Aspidiotus spinous Comstock, 1883: 70.Sistan & Balouchestan.Solanaceae: Solanum melongena.HallOdonaspis panici Hall, 1926: 26.Hormozgan.Poaceae.PageBreak(Cockerell)Aspidiotus secretus Cockerell, 1896: 20.Gilan.Poaceae: Bambusa sp.(Takahashi)Gymnaspis buxi Takahashi, 1936: 220–222.Unknown.Unknown plant.●BalachowskyParlagena mckenzieiParlagena McKenzei Balachowsky, 1950: 18–20.Bushehr, Esfahan, Hormozgan, Ilam, Khouzestan, Sistan & Balouchestan.Fabaceae: Prosopis stephaniana; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.Parlagena mckenziei from the plant family Fabaceae.This is the first record of ●KaussariParlagena remaudiereiParlagena Remaudierei Kaussari, 1955a: 234–235.Esfahan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Sistan & Balouchestan.Convolvulaceae: Convolvulus sp.; Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Zygophyllaceae: Zygophyllum eurypeterum.Parlagena remaudierei from the plant families Convolvulaceae and Lythraceae.These are the first records of PageBreak(Marlatt)Parlatoria chinensis Marlatt, 1908: 30–32.Unknown.Unknown plant.(Newstead)Chionaspis longispina Newstead, 1911: 88–89.Hormozgan, Ilam, Kerman, Kermanshah, Kordestan.Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Moraceae: Ficus carica; Polygonaceae: Calligonum denticulatum; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi; Rosaceae: Prunus spinosa, Rosa sp.; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.; Zygophyllaceae: Zygophyllum sp.Parlatoreopsis longispina from the plant family Tamaricaceae.This is the first record of BorchseniusParlatoria asiatica Borchsenius, 1949b: 341.Kerman.Ephedraceae: Ephedra sp.(Targioni Tozzetti)Aonidia blanchardi Targioni Tozzetti, 1892: 69–82.Bushehr, Fars, Hormozgan, Ilam, Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.Arecaceae: Chamaerops humilis, Nannorrhops ritchiana, Phoenix dactylifera.PageBreakComstockParlatoria pergandii camelliae Comstock, 1883: 114.Unknown.Unknown plant.McKenzieParlatoria cryptaParlatoria morrisoni, McKenzie, 1943. McKenzie, 1943: 156. Bushehr, Fars, Hormozgan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khouzestan, Sistan & Balouchestan.Anacardiaceae: Mangifera indica; Apocynaceae: Calotropis procera; Nerium oleander; Arecaceae: Phoenix dactylifera; Asparagaceae: Yucca baccata; Boraginaceae: Cordia sp.; Convolvulaceae: Ipomoea sp.; Fabaceae: Acacia sp., Albizzia lebbek, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Indigofera argentea;: Lythraceae: Lawsonia inermis; Meliaceae: Melia azadirachta; Moraceae: Ficus bengalensis; Morus alba; Myrtaceae: Myrtus communis; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior, Olea europea; Polygonaceae: Calligonum comosum; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi; Rosaceae: Malus domestica, Pyrus communis, Rosa sp.; Rutaceae: Citrus limonia.Parlatoria crypta from the plant families Asclepiadaceae, Asparagaceae, Boraginaceae, Convolvulaceae, Fabaceae, Lythraceae, Polygonaceae and Rhamnaceae.These are the first records of (Lindinger)Parlatorea ephedraeArchangelskaia ephedrae Bodenheimer, 1951. Lindinger, 1911: 129. Esfahan, Golestan, Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.Ephedraceae: Ephedra sp.PageBreak(Colvée)Diaspis oleaeSyngenaspis oleae MacGillivray, 1921. Colvée, 1880: 40. Ardebil, Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Elborz, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Razvi, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan, Mazandaran, Sistan & Balouchestan, Tehran, Yazd.Anacardiaceae: Pistacia mutica, Rhus coriaria; Apiaceae: Heracleum persicum; Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander; Asparagaceae: Asparagus plumosus; Berberidaceae: Berberis vulgaris; Boraginaceae: Cordia myxa; Ebenaceae: Diospyrus kaki; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp., Gleditsia sp., Robinia pseudo-acacia; Fagaceae: Quercus sp.; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Malvaceae: Hibiscus syriacus; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior, Jasminum officinalis, Olea europea;Rhamnaceae: Rhamnus sp.; Rosaceae: Cotoneaster vulgaris, Crataegus ambigua, Cydonia vulgaris, Malus domestica, Mespilus germanica, Persica vulgaris, Prunus amygdalus, Prunus armenica, Prunus avium, Prunus caspica, Pyrus communis, Pyrus persica, Rosa damascena; Rutaceae: Citrus sp.; Salicaceae: Populus tremula; Ulmaceae: Ulmus campestris.Parlatoria oleae from the plant families Apiaceae and Fagaceae.These are the first records of ComstockParlatoria pergandiiSyngenaspis pergandii MacGillivray, 1921. Comstock, 1881: 327–328. Gilan, Mazandaran.Rosaceae: Prunus laurocerasus; Rutaceae: Citrus bigaradia, Citrus sinensis.(Curtis)Parlatoria proteusAspidiotus Proteus Curtis, 1843: 676.Gilan, Mazandaran.Theaceae: Camellia sp.PageBreakCockerellParlatoria theae Cockerell, 1896: 21.Gilan, Mazandaran.Rosaceae: Prunus sp., Rosa sp.; Theaceae: Camellia sinensis.(Lucas)Coccus ziziphi Lucas, 1853: xxix.Gilan, Golestan, Mazandaran.Rutaceae: Citrus sp.(Signoret)Chionaspis aspidistrae Signoret, 1869b: 443.Gilan, Sistan & Balouchestan.Arecaceae: Chamaerops humilis; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi.(Cooley)Hemichionaspis minor strachani Cooley, 1899: 54–55.Sistan & Balouchestan.Fabaceae: Acacia sp.; Malvaceae: Gossypium arboreum; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi.PageBreakAdiscodiaspis tamaricicolaAdiscodiaspis tamaricicola Malenotti, 1916. Rungaspidiotus tamaricicola Balachowsky, 1953. Malenotti, 1916: 313–315. Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Bushehr, Esfahan, Fars, Khouzestan, Khorasan -e Razavi, Khorasan -e Shomali, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.(Cockerell)Aspidiotus duplex Cockerell, 1896: 20.Sistan & Balouchestan.Anacardiaceae: Mangifera indica.(Targioni Tozzetti)Diaspis pentagona Targioni Tozzetti, 1886: 1.Ardabil, Gilan, Golestan, Mazandaran.Actinidiaceae: Actinida chinensis; Juglandaceae: Juglans regia; Moraceae: Morus alba; Pinaceae: Pinus sp.; Rosaceae: Prunus persica; Rutaceae: Citrus bigaradia; Salicaceae: Salix sp.Pseudaulacaspis pentagona from the plant family Pinaceae.This is the first record of (Newstead)Aonidia glandulosa Newstead, 1911: 103.Sistan & Balouchestan.Fabaceae: Acacia farnesiana.PageBreak●Balachowsky & KaussariPseudotargionia orientalis Balachowsky & Kaussari, 1951: 3.Sistan & Balouchestan.Bignoniaceae: Catalpa speciosa; Fabaceae: Acacia farnesiana; Sapindaceae: Stocksia brahuica.Pseudotargionia orientalis from the plant families Bignoniaceae and Fabaceae.These are the first records of (Lindinger)Aspidiotus canariensis Lindinger, 1911a: 12.Golestan.Asteraceae: Achillea sp.(Borchsenius)Arundaspis secretus Borchsenius, 1949b: 738.UnknownPoaceae.●Takagi & MoghaddamRungaspis avicenniae Takagi & Moghaddam, 2005: 53.Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan.Acanthaceae: Avicennia officinalis.PageBreak(Bodenheimer)Diaspis capparidisRungaspis trabuti Balachowsky, 1949. Bodenheimer, 1929: 108. Hormozgan.Acanthaceae: Avicennia officinalis.KaussariRungaspis macrolobis Kaussari, 1958: 229.Esfahan, Hormozgan, Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.Amaranthaceae: Anabasis aphylla; Asclepiadaceae: Calotropis procera; Fabaceae: Robinia sp.Rungaspis macrolobis from the plant families Asclepiadaceae and Fabaceae.These are the first records of (Lindinger)Leucaspis archangelskyaeSuturaspis archangelskyae Borchsenius, 1937. Lindinger, 1929: 113. Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Bushehr, Elborz, Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Lorestan, Tehran.Aceraceae: Acer cinerascens; Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior, Olea europea; Rosaceae: Prunus domestica, Prunus reuteri, Pyrus communis; Thymelaeaceae: Daphne angustifolia; Ulmaceae: Celtis australis.Salicicola archangelskyae from the plant families Aceraceae and Ulmaceae.These are the first records of PageBreakBalachowsky& KaussariSalicicola davatchiSuturaspis davatchi Borchsenius, 1966. Leucaspis  kermanensisLeucaspis kermanensis Lindinger, 1905. Lindinger, 1905: 253–254. Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Elborz, Esfahan, Fars, Golestan, Kerman, Khorasan -e Shomali, Khouzestan, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Markazi, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.Salicaceae: Populus alba, Populus euphratica, Populus nigra, Salix babylonica.(Lindinger)Leucaspis (Euleucaspis) pistaciae Lindinger, 1906: 40.Kerman, Kermanshah.Anacardiaceae: Pistacia mutica.PageBreak(Borchsenius)Pseudomelanaspis minimaTargaspidiotus anabsidis Borchsenius, 1952. Borchsenius, 1952: 262. Hormozgan.Amaranthaceae: Anabasis aphylla.(Archangelskaya)Aspidiotus (Aonidiella) arthrophytiSchizotargionia arthrophyti Balachowsky. Archangelskaya, 1931: 83. Yazd.Amaranthaceae: Haloxylon sp.●(Kaussari)Schizotargionia balachowskyi Kaussari, 1952: 182.Esfahan, Sistan & Balouchestan.Moraceae: Haloxylon sp.; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.Targionia balachowskyi from the plant family Amaranthaceae.This is the first record of HallTargionia haloxyloni Hall, 1926: 27.Lorestan.Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.; Thymelaeaceae: Daphne sp.PageBreakSignoretTargionia nigra Signoret, 1870: 106.Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan.Amaranthaceae: Anabasis sp.; Resedaceae: Ochradenus rostratus, Ochradenus socotrnus.(Borchsenius)Rhizaspidiotus poriferaFisanotargionia quadrilobata Kaussari & Balachowsky, 1953. Borchsenius, 1949a: 350. Esfahan, Fars, Hormozgan, Kerman, Yazd.Amaranthaceae: Anabasis sp., Seidlitzia schweinfurthii; Asteraceae: Artemisia sp.; Zygophyllaceae: Zygophyllum eurypeterum.Targionia porifera from the plant families Amaranthaceae and Asteraceae.These are the first records of (Signoret)Aspidiotus vitis Signoret, 1876: lii.Gilan, Golestan.Fagaceae: Quercus sp.Acanthomytilus cedricola Balachowsky & Alkan, 1956: 320.Gilan, Kerman.Cupressaceae: Cupressus sp.PageBreak●Acanthomytilus farsianus Balachowsky & Kaussari, 1955: 238.Fars.Cupressaceae: Cupressus sp.(Comstock)Chionaspis euonymi Comstock, 1881: 313–314.Gilan.Celastraceae: Euonymus japonicus.(Maskell)Eriococcus araucariae Maskell, 1879: 218.Unknown.Araucariaceae: Araucaria sp.LindingerKermes fagi ; Lindinger, 1936: 444.Gilan, Mazandaran.Fagaceae: Fagus orientalis.PageBreak●(Danzig)Acanthococcus abaii Danzig, 1990: 373–376.Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.Amaranthaceae: Haloxylon aphylla.*KiritchenkoEriococcus cingulatus Kiritchenko, 1940: 131–133.Azarbaijan -e Sharghi.Unknown Plant.Eriococcus cingulatus from Iran, identified by F. Kozár.This is the first record of (Danzig)Acanthococcus costatus Danzig, 1975: 43.Kermanshah.Ulmaceae: Ulmus sp.(Danzig)Acanthococcus isacanthus Danzig, 1975: 45.Kermanshah.Ulmaceae: Ulmus sp.(Borchsenius)Rhizococcus kondarensis Borchsenius, 1949: 353–354.Golestan, Khorasan -e Shomali.Poaceae.PageBreak*(Bazarov)Acanthococcus pamiricus Bazarov, 1968: 73.Sistan & Balouchestan.Unknown plant.Eriococcus pamiricus in Iran, identified by M. Moghaddam.This is the first record of *SchmuttererEriococcus reynei Schmutterer, 1952: 414–417.Ghazvin.Lamiaceae: Thymus vulgaris.Eriococcus reynei in Iran, identified by F. Kozár.This is the first record of *GouxEriococcus sanguinairensis Goux, 1993: 68–69.Ardabil.Unknown plant.Eriococcus sanguinairensis in Iran, identified by F. Kozár.This is the first record of *(Borchsenius)Acanthococcus saxidesertus Borchsenius, 1949: 343.Ardabil.Unknown plant.Eriococcus saxidesertus in Iran, identified by F. Kozár.This is the first record of (Modeer)Coccus spuriusGossyparia spuria Cockerell, 1899. Modeer, 1778: 43. Esfahan, Fars, Golestan, Hamadan, Kerman, Markazi.Ulmaceae: Ulmus carpenifolia.PageBreakBorchseniusNeoacanthococcus tamaricicola Borchsenius, 1948: 502–503.Khouzestan.Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.Chermes fraxiniFonscolombea fraxini Cockerell, 1899. Kaltenbach, 1860: 259. Tehran.Oleaceae: Fraxinus excelsior.(Linnaeus)Coccus quercusKermococcus quercus Henriksen, 1921: 308. Linnaeus, 1758: 455. Ilam, Kermanshah.Fagaceae: Quercus sp.BodenheimerNidularia balachowskii Bodenheimer, 1941: 78–80.Kermanshah, Lorestan.Fagaceae: Quercus sp.PageBreak●VahediPorphyrophora chelodonta Vahedi in Kermanshah.Unknown plant.(Archangelskaya)Margarodes cynodontis Archangelskaya, 1935: 15.Azarbaijan -e Sharghi.Poaceae: Cynodon dactylon.BrandtPorphyrophora hamelii Brandt in Ardabil, Hamadan.Poaceae.●VahediPorphyrophora jashenkoi Vahedi in Kermanshah.Poaceae: Triticum vulgare.JashenkoPorphyrophora medicaginis Jashenko, 1994: 22.Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Kerman.Fabaceae: Medicago sativa.(Bodenheimer)Margarodes tritici Bodenheimer, 1941: 81.Ardabil, Hamadan, Kermanshah, Kordestan, Zanjan.Poaceae: Triticum aestivum.*JashenkoPorphyrophora victoriae Jashenko, 1994: 36.Markazi.Brassicaceae: Cardaria draba.Porphyrophora victoriae from Iran, identified by R. Jashenko.This the first record of ArchangelskayaDrosicha turkestanica Archangelskaya, 1931: 69.Khorasan -e Razvi.Oleaceae: Fraxinus sp.PageBreak(Fabricius)Coccus serratulae Fabricius, 1775: 744.Kermanshah, Lorestan.Unknown plant.Moghaddam and Tavakoli (2009).MaskellIcerya purchasi Maskell, 1879: 221.Fars, Mazandaran, Tehran.Aceraceae: Acer sp.; Fabaceae: Glycine max; Rutaceae: Citrus sp.; Thymelaeaceae: Daphne odora.Jashenko & DanzigPseudaspidoproctus gramineus Jashenko & Danzig, 1992: 89.Unknown.Poaceae.Aspidoproctus hyphaeniacus Hall, 1925: 1.Sistan & Balouchestan.Arecaceae: Phoenix dactylifera.PageBreak(Linnaeus)Aphis urticae Linnaeus, 1758: 453.Ardebil, Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari, Esfahan, Fars, Golestan, Hamadan, Ilam, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Jonoubi, Khorasan -e Shomali, Kohgilouyeh & Boyerahmad, Kordestan, Lorestan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Zanjan.Apiaceae: Eryngium bungei; Asteraceae: Artemisia sp., Gundelia sp., Echinops ritro, Echinops persicae; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.; Thymelaeaceae: Daphne angustifolia.CockerellPhoenicococcus marlatti Cockerell, 1899: 262.Kerman, Kermanshah, Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.Arecaceae: Phoenix dactylifera.BorchseniusAdelosoma phragmitidis Borchsenius, 1948a: 584.Unknown.Poaceae.CockerellAntonina crawi Cockerell, 1900: 70.Gilan.PageBreakPoaceae: Bambusa sp.(Maskell)Sphaerococcus graminis Maskell, 1897: 244.Bushehr, Khouzestan.Poaceae: Poa sp., Saccharum officinarum.(Lindinger)Ripersia rehi Lindinger, 1943: 152.Khouzestan.Poaceae: Echinochloa crus-galli, Oryza sativa.ŠulcCeroputo pilosellaePhenacoccus euphorbiaefolius Bodenheimer, 1943. Šulc, 1898: 2. Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Hamadan, Ilam, Kermanshah.Euphorbiaceae: Euphorbia sp.●Kaydan & KozárChorizococcus viticola Kaydan & Kozár in Fars.Vitaceae: Vitis vinifera.PageBreak●MoghaddamCoccidohystrix burumandi Moghaddam in Markazi.Euphorbiaceae: Euphorbia sp.(Kuwana)Dactylopius (Pseudococcus) boninsis Kuwana, 1909: 161.Khouzestan.Asteraceae: Lactuca sp.Dysmicoccus boninsis from the plant family Asteraceae.This is the first record of (Cockerell)Dactylopius brevipes Cockerell, 1893: 267.Sistan & Balouchestan.Fabaceae: Medicago sativa.WilliamsEurycoccus tamariscus Williams, 1984: 538.Sistan & Balouchestan.Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.●MoghaddamExallomochlus balouchestanensis Moghaddam, 2013: 25.PageBreakSistan & Balouchestan.Anacardiaceae: Mangifera indica.(Cockerell)Dactylopius virgatus Cockerell, 1893: 178.Sistan & Balouchestan.Boraginaceae: Cordia myxa; Moraceae: Ficus carica, Ficus religiosa; Myrtaceae: Myrtus communis, Psidium guajava.(Ezzat & McConnell)Planococcoides robustus Ezzat & McConnell, 1956: 59.Hormozgan.Fabaceae: Prosopis spicigera.(Green)Ripersia sacchari Green, 1900a: 37.Khouzestan.Poaceae: Saccharum officinarum.(Green)Phenacoccus hirsutus Green, 1908: 25.Fars, Hormozgan, Sistan & Balouchestan.Anacardiaceae: PageBreakMangifera indica; Arecaceae: Phoenix dactylifera; Combretaceae: Terminalia catappa; Convolvulaceae: Ipomoea sp.; Fabaceae: Acacia arabica, Albizzia sp., Prosopis sp., Prosopis spicigera; Lythraceae: Lawsonia inermis; Malvaceae: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Hibiscus syriacus; Moraceae: Ficus riligiosa, Morus alba; Myrtaceae: Psidium guajava, Syzygium aromaticum; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi; Rutaceae: Citrus sinensis; Salicaceae: Salix sp.; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.Maconellicoccus hirsutus from the plant family Tamaricaceae.This is the first record of (Cockerell)Dactylopius filamentosus Cockerell, 1893a: 254.Ghazvin.Moraceae: Ficus sp.(Newstead)Dactylopius viridis Newstead, 1894: 5.Bushehr, Fars, Hormozgan, Khouzestan, Kerman, Sistan & Balouchestan.Acanthaceae: Avicennia officinalis; Apocynaceae: Nerium oleander; Fabaceae: Prosopis spicigera; Moraceae: Morus alba; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi; Rutaceae: Citrus bigaradia, Citrus sinensis; Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.; Ulmaceae: Ulmus sp.(Brain)Pseudococcus burnerae Brain, 1915: 111.Sistan & Balouchestan.Acanthaceae: Avecennia officinalis.References. (Laing)Phenacoccus priesneri Laing, 1936: 80.PageBreakFars.Poaceae: Cynodon dactylon.●MoghaddamPeliococcus ilamicus Moghaddam, 2013: 39.Ilam.Fabaceae: Prosopis stephaniana.●(Kiritshenko)Phenacoccus kimmericus Kiritchenko, 1940: 189.Fars, Khouzestan.Amaranthaceae: Noaea sp.; Fabaceae: Prosopis stephaniana.Peliococcus kimmericus from the plant family Amaranthaceae.This is the first record of Matile-FerreroPeliococcus talhouki Matile-Ferrero, 1984: 225.Khouzestan, Yazd.Fabaceae: Prosopis farcata; Moraceae: Morus alba.(Kiritshenko)Phenacoccus turanicus Kiritshenko, 1932: 137.Tehran.Brassicaceae: Rhaphanus sativus.PageBreak(Signoret)Pseudococcus aesculi Signoret, 1875: 329.Kermanshah, Tehran.Asteraceae: Echinops ritro; Moraceae: Morus alba; Rosaceae: Crataegus azarollus.ArchangelskayaPhenacoccus arthrophyti Archangelskaya, 1930: 78.Yazd.Amaranthaceae: Haloxylon sp.●MoghaddamPhenacoccus betae Moghaddam, 2010a: 65–67.Kermanshah, Markazi.Amaranthaceae: Amaranthus blitoides, Beta vulgaris.(Lindeman)Westwoodia hordei Lindeman, 1886: 367.Tehran.Poaceae.●MoghaddamPhenacoccus karkasicus Moghaddam, 2013: 52.PageBreakEsfahan.Berberidaceae: Berberis vulgaris.●MoghaddamPhenacoccus iranica Moghaddam, 2013: 54.Kerman.Aceraceae: Acer cinerascens.BorchseniusPhenacoccus perillustris Borchsenius, 1949: 215.Esfahan.Berberidaceae: Berberis vulgaris.KiritchenkoPhenacoccus pumilus Kiritchenko, 1931: 314.Bushehr, Markazi, Sistan & Balouchestan, Yazd.Amaranthaceae: Halocharis sulpurea; Asteraceae: Centaurea virgata; Brassicaceae: Descuriana sophia, Lepidium latifolium; Fabaceae: Alhagi cameorum; Geraniaceae: Erodium neuradifolium; Lamiaceae: Salvia bracteata.●MoghaddamPhenacoccus salviacus Moghaddam in Markazi.Lamiaceae: Salvia bracteata.PageBreak●BodenheimerPhenacoccus sherbinovskyi Bodenheimer, 1943: 32.Sistan & Balouchestan.Lamiaceae: Rydingia persica.FerrisPhenacoccus solani Ferris, 1918: 60.Esfahan, Fars.Amaranthaceae: Celosia cristata; Asteraceae: Chrysanthemum morifolium; Poaceae: Festuca arundinacea.TinsleyPhenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, 1898: 47.Bushehr, Hormozgan.Malvaceae: Hibiscus rosa-sinensis.Kiritchenko, 1932: 137.Esfahan, Markazi, Tehran.Brassicaceae: Descurainia sophia, Raphanus sativus; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.(Risso)Dorthesia citriPseudococcus citri Cockerell, 1902. Risso, 1813: 416. Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Khouzestan, Markazi, Mazandaran, Tehran.PageBreakApocynaceae: Adenium obesum, Nerium oleander; Arecaceae: Chamacyparis lawsoniana; Caryophyllaceae: Dianthus barbatus; Crassulaceae: Crassula sp.; Cupressaceae: Cupressus sp.; Ebenaceae: Diospyros kaki; Euphorbiaceae: Codiaeum variegatum, Euphorbia pulcherrima; Moraceae: Ficus benjamina, Ficus carica, Ficus elastica, Morus alba; Oleaceae: Forsythia intermedia, Fraxinus excelsior; Platanaceae: Platanus orientalis; Poaceae: Oryza sativa; Rutaceae: Citrus bigaradia, Citrus sinensis; Rosaceae: Rosa sp.; Strelitziaceae: Strelitzia alba.Planococcus citri from the plant families Caryophyllaceae, Crassulaceae and Cupressaceae.These are the first records of (Signoret)Dactylopius ficusPseudococcus vitis Fernald, 1903. Signoret, 1875: 315. Elborz, Fars, Ghom, Khorasan -e Razavi, Markazi, Tehran.Cucurbitaceae: Citrullus vulgaris; Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Moraceae: Ficus carica; Vitaceae: Vitis persica.Planococcus ficus from the plant family Cucurbitaceae.This is the first record of (Nasonov)Pseudococcus (Dactylopius) vovae Nasonov, 1909: 484.Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Kerman, Tehran.Cupressaceae: Cupressus sp.●MoghaddamPolystomophora arakensis Moghaddam in Markazi.PageBreakPolygonaceae: Atraphaxis sp.(Kuwana)Dactylopius comstocki Kuwana, 1902: 52.Ghazvin, Gilan, Khorasan -e Shomali, Mazandaran, Tehran.Fabaceae: Robinia pseudoacacia; Moraceae: Morus alba, Morus nigra.HempelPseudococcus cryptus Hempel, 1918: 199.Unknown.Unknown plant.(Targioni Tozzetti)Dactylopius longispinusPseudococcus adonidum Westwood, 1840. Targioni Tozzetti, 1867: 75. Gilan, Mazandaran, Tehran.Buxaceae: Buxus hyrcana; Celastraceae: Euonymus sp.Pseudococcus longispinus from the plant family Buxaceae.This is the first record of (Signoret)Dactylopius indicusPseudococcus affinis Fernald, 1903. Pseudococcus fathyi Bodenheimer, 1944. Signoret, 1875: 317. Esfahan, Gilan, Tehran.PageBreakAmaranthaceae: Amaranthus blitum; Araceae: Dieffenbachia sp., Phoenix sp.; Bignoniaceae: Catalpa speciosa; Buxaceae: Buxus hyrcana; Cupressaceae: Cupressus sp.; Euphorbiaceae: Codiaeum variegatum; Fabaceae: Albizzia sp., Cercis siliquastrum; Ginkgoaceae: Ginko biloba; Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Moraceae: Ficus carica, Morus alba; Rosaceae: Rosa sp.; Solanaceae: Solanum tuberosum; Theaceae: Camellia sinensis; Vitaceae: Vitis persica.Pseudococcus viburni from the plant families Amaranthaceae and Ginkgoaceae.These are the first records of ●Williams & MoghaddamRhodania aeluropi Williams & Moghaddam, 2007: 38.Khouzestan.Poaceae: Aeluropus sp.(Cockerell)Dactylopius sacchari Cockerell, 1895: 195.Khouzestan.Poaceae: Saccharum officinalis.Pseudococcus alhagii Hall, 1926: 7.Esfahan, Fars, Khouzestan.Lythraceae: Punica granatum; Rhamnaceae: Ziziphus spina-christi.PageBreak(Borchsenius)Pseudococcus flavus Borchsenius, 1949: 117.Unknown.Poaceae.●(Moghaddam)Chorizococcus mirzayansi Moghaddam, 2010: 64.Tehran.Cactaceae: Opuntia ficus-indica.BorchseniusTrabutina elasticaTrabutina crassispinosa Borchsenius, 1941: 133. Borchsenius, 1936: 111 [misidentification, according to Ardabil, Kermanshah.Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.(Hemprich & Ehrenberg)Coccus manniparus Hemprich & Ehrenberg in Esfahan, Khorasan -e Shomali.Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.PageBreak(Green)Naiacoccus serpentinusNaiacoccus minor Borchsenius, 1949. Naiacoccus serpentinus Green, 1919. Green, 1919: 117. Ardabil, Azarbaijan -e Garbi, Azarbaijan -e Sharghi, Bushehr, Hormozgan, Gilan, Kerman, Khouzestan, Sistan & Balouchestan, Zanjan.Tamaricaceae: Tamarix sp.(Kiritchenko)Pseudococcus multivorus Kiritchenko, 1936: 151.Ardabil, Esfahan, Fars, Hamadan, Kerman, Kermanshah, Khorasan -e Shomali, Lorestan, Markazi.Apiaceae: Echinophora sp.; Asteraceae: Cirsium sp., Echinops ritro, Lactuca sp., Matricaria chamomilla, Klasea cerinthifolia; Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.; Malvaceae: Hibiscus sp.(Bouché)Coccus amaryllidisTrionymus amaryllidis Lindinger, 1934. Bouché, 1837: 99. Fars.Amaryllidaceae: Amaryllis sp.(Leonardi)Macrocerococcus superbus Leonardi, 1907: 152.Ardebil, Esfahan, Zanjan.Fabaceae: Astragalus sp.PageBreakGouxRhizoecus (Pararhizoecus) albidus Goux, 1942: 40.Esfahan, Markazi, Tehran.Cactaceae: Gymnocalycium baldianium; Crassulaceae: Echeveria sp.; Poaceae: Festuca arundinacea.Rhizoecus albidus from the plant families Cactaceae and Crassulaceae.These are the first records of


The fifth author's name is missing the middle initial. The correct name is: Robert H. Singer. The correct citation is: Chou Y-y, Heaton NS, Gao Q, Palese P, Singer RH, et al. (2013) Colocalization of Different Influenza Viral RNA Segments in the Cytoplasm before Viral Budding as Shown by Single-molecule Sensitivity FISH Analysis. PLoS Pathog 9(5): e1003358. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003358


The middle initials were omitted from the first, fourth, fifth, and sixth authors' names. The correct names are: Constância FJ Ayres, Craig S Wilding, Daniel J Rigden and Martin J Donnelly. The correct citation is: Ayres CFJ, Müller P, Dyer N, Wilding CS, Rigden DJ, et al. (2011) Comparative Genomics of the Anopheline Glutathione S-Transferase Epsilon Cluster. PLoS ONE 6(12): e29237. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0029237


Wanwen Lan was not included in the byline. This author should be listed as the third author and affiliated with Ocular Wound Healing and Therapeutics Laboratory, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. The correct citation is: Riau AK, Wong TT, Lan W, Finger SN, Chaurasia SS, Hou AH, et al. (2011) Aberrant DNA Methylation of Matrix Remodeling and Cell Adhesion Related Genes in Pterygium. PLoS ONE 6(2): e14687. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014687. The correct author contributions are: Conceived and designed the experiments: AKR TW LT. Performed the experiments: AKR SF SC SJY. Analyzed the data: AKR TW SF SSC AHH SC SJY LT. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: TW WL SSC LT. Wrote the paper: AKR WL LT.


The asymmetric unit contains two Er, one Ba, and four S atoms, each with .m. site symmetry. The structure consists of channels formed by corner- and edge-sharing ErS6 octahedra in which Ba atoms reside. The resultant coordination of Ba is that of a bicapped trigonal prism.Barium dierbium(III) tetrasulfide, BaEr DOI: Click here for additional data file.10.1107/S1600536813003541/br2222Isup2.hklStructure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI:  crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF reportAdditional supplementary materials:


The name of the second author is incorrectly represented in the Citation. The correct Citation is: Pozzi L, Pollak Dorocic I, Wang X, Carlén M, Meletis K (2014) Mice Lacking NMDA Receptors in Parvalbumin Neurons Display Normal Depression-Related Behavior and Response to Antidepressant Action of NMDAR Antagonists. PLoS ONE 9(1): e83879. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0083879


The name of the second author was given incorrectly in the Citation. The correct citation is: Ranghini E, Fuente Mora C, Edgar D, Kenny SE, Murray P, et al. (2013) Stem Cells Derived from Neonatal Mouse Kidney Generate Functional Proximal Tubule-Like Cells and Integrate into Developing Nephrons In Vitro. PLoS ONE 8(5): e62953. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0062953.


There was an error in the name of the second author.The correct name is: Vladimir VrbanacThe correct Citation is: Greenblatt MB, Vrbanac V, Tivey T, Tsang K, Tager AM, et al. (2012) Graft versus Host Disease in the Bone Marrow, Liver and Thymus Humanized Mouse Model. PLoS ONE 7(9): e44664. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0044664


The first author's name was spelled incorrectly. The correct name is: Fatima BenMohamed. The correction citation is: BenMohamed F, Garcia-Verdugo I, Medina M, Balloy V, Chignard M, et al. (2012) A Crucial Role of Flagellin in the Induction of Airway Mucus Production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PLoS ONE 7(7): e39888. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0039888


An error was introduced in the preparation of this article for publication.Caenorhabditis elegansThe correct title should read: The Receptor-Bound Guanylyl Cyclase DAF-11 Is the Mediator of Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced cGMP Increase in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS ONE 8(8): e72569. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0072569 The correct citation is: Beckert U, Aw WY, Burhenne H, Försterling L, Kaever V, et al. (2013) The Receptor-Bound Guanylyl Cyclase DAF-11 Is the Mediator of Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced cGMP Increase in


There was an error in the name of the fourth author.The correct name is: Timothy S. FranaStaphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) Isolates of Swine Origin Form Robust Biofilms. PLoS ONE 8(8): e73376. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0073376 The correct citation is: Nicholson TL, Shore SM, Smith TC, Frana TS (2013) Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant


Cylindera (Eriodera) albopunctata (Chaudoir 1852), Cicindela viridilabris (Chaudoir 1852) and Neocollyris (Neocollyris) redtenbacheri (Horn 1894) are recorded from Pakistan for the first time.The present biogeographic distribution of tiger beetle fauna is an attempt to register all modern taxa from Pakistan. It includes 55 taxa under 14 genera and 11 subgenera. Three species,  Biogeographically, the major part of Pakistan is Palaearctic  while the rest of the area is Oriental  and traces of Afrotropical (Ethiopian region) from southern Iran to extreme southwestern of Baluchistan. The Hindu Kush, Karakorum, and Himalaya are a major biogeographic boundary between the subtropical and tropical flora and fauna of the Indian subcontinent and the temperate-climate Palaearctic ecozone. It is interesting to point out that the insect fauna, especially tiger beetles, completely confirm the transitional position of Pakistan between Palearctic and Oriental regions.Tiger beetles (Cicindelidae) have been an appropriate indicator taxon for determining regional patterns of biodiversity , becauseTiger beetles have worldwide distribution  that cover a variety of habitats ranging from alpine meadows to desert grasslands and tropical rain forests . The totIn the Indian subcontinent literature on tiger beetles started with listing of species by Cicindela (sensu auctorum) of the entire Indian subcontinent was provided by Acciavatti and Pearson , National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad and specimens collected during northern area expedition in June of 2007. Furthermore, specimens that were housed at Pakistan Forest Institute  and Pakistan Natural History Museum  were also examined. Many of the above mentioned museums collection specimens were sent to Fabio Cassola for identification and/or reconfirmation ofalready identified species.Callytron gyllenhalii (Dejean 1825)Remarks: Known from costal Pakistan: Sind: Karachi: Sandspit, 15 miles west Karachi ; AccordiBio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Callytron malabaricum Material Examined: Pakistan: Sind:Karachi, 23. x. 2007, 1 ♂ leg. M. Atique Akhter. (det.and located with Wiesner).Remarks: Earlier reported by Fowler  from IndBio-ecological Zone: Paleo-oriental.Calochroa bicolor atavus (Horn 1920)Remarks: Known from northwestern India  and Pakistan .Bio-ecological Zone: Oriental subspecies.Calochroa bicolor haemorrhoidalis (Wiedemann 1823)Material Examined: Pakistan: Punjab: Rawalpindi, 1–2. viii. 1984, 1 ♀, leg. Richter, (det. and located with Wiesner); NWFP: Bajor: Mohmand Agency, 20. v. 2008, leg. M. Iqbal (det. Wiesner 2009) ex NIM.Remarks: Earlier this subspecies was reported from Sri Lanka: Hambantota District, east central India: Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar, Rajasthan to southern India: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Pakistan: Punjab .Bio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Calochroa flavomaculata (Hope 1831)Remarks: Recorded from Pakistan by Cassola . GeneralBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Calomera angulata (Fabricius 1798)Remarks: Generally occurring throughout the Indian subcontinent eastward into Southeast Asia . Known fBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Calomera aulica (Dejean 1831), ex NIM; Sakrand, 25. iii. 2006, 1 ♀, leg. Falak Naz, ex NIM , 3 ♀♀, leg. Falak Naz, ex NIM (det. Rafi 2009) Punjab: Murree (Angoory), 13. vi. 2006, 1 ♂, leg. Mishkatullah, ex NIM (det. Rafi 2009); Multan: Chitter Watta, 01.v. 1954, 4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀, leg. Student, ex NIM  07. x. 1959, leg. Unknown, ex NIM; Juglot, 15. iv. 2008, 1 ♀, leg. Anjum Shehzad , Iraq, Pakistan {Baluchistan (Turbat) and N.W.F.P}, Oman,Kuwait .Bio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Calomera fischeri elongatosignata (Horn 1922)Material Examined: Pakistan: Baluchistan: Panjgur, 23. iii. 1962, 1 ♀, leg. S. M. Sher; ex NIM det. .Remarks: Reported from West Afghanistan , PersianBio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Calomera funerea assimilis (Hope 1831)Remarks: Reported from India . AccordiBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Calomera littoralis afghana (Mandl 1955)Remarks: Earlier Mandl  reported this subspecies from Afghanistan: Kabul, Korell  from PakBio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Calomera littoralis conjunctaepustulata (Dokhtouroff 1887)Remarks: Mandl ; 1982b rAccording to Weisner (unpublished data) this subspecies found in Iran , Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ukraine, Russia , Afghanistan , Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan , India , NO Tibet, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia , China .Bio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Calomera plumigera macrograptina Remarks: Reported from Pakistan: Punjab;northern India: Punjab, Bihar, West Bengal, Orissa, Haryana, Utar Pradesh and Bangladesh: Rajshahi  and alsoBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Chaetodera vigintiguttata (Herbst 1806)Material Examined: Pakistan: NWFP: Peshawar, 5. ix. 1963. leg. Ayub. ex PFI (det. Zia 2009).Remarks: Known from Pakistan: Lahore: near River Ravi , India . AccordiBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Cicindela (Cicindela) granulata stoliczkana Bates 1878Remarks: Earlier reported by Heynes-Wood and Dover  from IndBio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Cosmodela intermedia (Chaucoir 1852)Material Examined: Pakistan: Punjab: Rawalpindi, 6. viii. 1982, 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀, leg. Richter, (det. and located with Wiesner 2009); Rawalpindi, 1–2. viii. 1984, 1 ♂, leg. Richter (det. and located with Wiesner); Islamabad, 6. vi. 2005, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, leg. Khalid, ex PMNH (det. Rafi 2009); Islamabad: 15. viii. 2006, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, leg. Khurrum, ex NIM (det. Rafi 2009); Islamabad: Margalla Hills, 25. vii. 2007, 1 ♀, leg. Amir Sultan, ex NIM (det. Rafi 2009); Islamabad: Simly Dam, 29. viii. 2008, 1 ♂, leg. A. Zia, ex NIM (det. Rafi 2009); Nowshera: Sodi village, 17. vi. 2009, 5 ♂♂, leg. A. Zia, ex NIM (det. Rafi 2009); NWFP: Bala Kot, 1. viii. 1963, 1 ♂, leg. S. M. Khan, ex PFI (det. Rafi 2009); Swat: Khawza-Khela, 21. viii. 1963, 1 ♂, leg. S. M. Khan; Hazara: Bhara ziarat: Doonga Gali, ex PFI (det. Rafi 2009); 26. vii. 1964, 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, leg. M. Ismail, ex PFI; Kohistan: Kaghan: Balakat, 29. vi. 1977, 1 ♂, leg. de Freina, (det. and located with Wiesner);Abbottabad: Harno, 08. viii. 2008, 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, leg. M. Ather, ex NIM (det. Rafi 2009); Abbottabad: Harno, 28. vii. 2008, 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, leg. Amjad Bukhari, ex NIM  and northern India  and Nepal. . Also reBio-ecological Zone: Paleo-oriental.Cylindera (Cylindera) obliquefasciata descendens (Fischer 1825)Material Examined: Pakistan: NWFP: Chitral: Madaglasht, 24–27. vi. 1983, 1 ♀, leg. Eckweiler (det. and locataed with Wiesner); Chitral: Madaglasht, 5–7. vii. 1982, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, leg. Erber and Heinz (det. and located with Wiesner); Northern Areas: Chilas, 11. vii. 1998, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, leg. E. G. Csorba and L. Ronkay (det. and located with Wiesner); Gilgit: Pander Lake, 11. vi. 2008, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, leg. Anjum Shehzad ex NIM ; Gopis: Khalti Lake, 11. vi. 2008, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, leg. Anjum Shazad, ex NIM (det. Rafi 2009); Skardu, 16. vi. 2008, 1 ♂, leg. Anjum Shazad, ex NIM (det. Rafi 2009).Remarks: Recorded recently from Pakistan by Cassola . AccordiBio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Cylindera (Eriodera) albopunctata (Chaudoir 1852)Material Examined: Pakistan: NWFP: Takht Bai, 7–9. vii. 1998, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, leg. G. Csorba and L. Ronkay (det. and located with Wiesner).Remarks: New to Pakistan. Known form Northern India: Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, West Bengal, Sikkim, Assam; Nepal and Bhutan . RecentlBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Cylindera (Eugrapha) agnata (Fleutiaux 1890)Material Examined: Pakistan: Baluchistan: Kuchh, 24. vi. 1964, leg. S. M. Khan, ex PFI; Mastang, 4. vii. 1964, leg. S. M. Khan, ex PFI.Remarks: Earlier reported from India: Bengal, Sikkam and Madras , BaluchiBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Cylindera (Eugrapha) bigemina (Klug 1834)Material Examined: Pakistan: Sind: Karachi: Malir, 20. vii. 1957, 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, leg. Sultan ex NIM; Punjab: Rawalpindi (Khanna), 23. vii. 1963, 1 ♂, leg. Unknown, ex CABI, Rawalpindi; NWFP: Abbottabad, 22–27. vii. 1984, 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀ leg. Richter (det. and located with Wiesner); Harno (Abbottabad), 01-vii-2009, 1 ♂, leg. Zia, ex NIM, (det. Zia 2009).Remarks: Known from Pakistan: Punjab: Rawalpindi: Sohan river , AfghaniBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Cylindera (Eugrapha) brevis (Horn 1905)Material Examined: Pakistan: Sind: Karachi: Malir, 20. vii. 1957, 1♀, leg. Sultan det. ; HyderabRemarks: Known from Pakistan: Sind and Punjab and northern India: Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pardesh, Haryana and Bihar , also knBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Cylindera (Eugrapha) cognata (Wiedemann 1823)Remarks: Previously reported from India: Punjab: Chandigarh , PakistaBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Cylindera (Eugrapha) grammophora (Chaudoir 1852)Material Examined: Pakistan: Punjab: Attock: 04. vi. 2009, 1♀, leg. Ramzan, ex NIM (det. Zia 2009).Remarks: Reported from India: Bangal, Punjab and Dehra Dun , ChandigBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Cylindera (Eugrapha) sublacerata Material Examined: Pakistan: Northern Areas: Gilgit, 31. vii. 1987 (det. and located with Wiesner); Goopi: Khalti Lake, 11. vi. 2008, 1 ♀, leg. Anjum Shazad, ex NIM det. ; Singal Bio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Cylindera (Eugrapha) sublacerata balucha (Bates 1878)Material Examined: Pakistan: Baluchistan: Quetta: Hanna, 25–27. v. 1983, 1 ♂, leg. Eckweile (det. and located with Wiesner).Remarks: Known from Pakistan: Baluchistan and Skardu , adjoiniBio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Cylindera (Eugrapha) venosa (Kollar 1836)Material Examined: Pakistan: Punjab: Ghambeer Bridge , 15. vii. 2009, 1 ♂1 ♀, leg. Zia, ex NIM (det. Zia 2009).Remarks: Known from Kashmir and Sind: Karachi . Punjab:Bio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Cylindera (Eugrapha) mesoepisternalis  decempunctata (Dejean 1825)Material Examined: Pakistan: Punjab: Khewra, 01. viii. 2006, 1 ♂, leg. Fida, ex PMNH det. ; IslamabRemarks: Reported from Bengal, Burma (Myanmar), Tonkin and Combodia . PakistaBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Cylindera (Ifasina) subtilesignata (Mandl 1970)Material Examined: Pakistan: NWFP: Donga galli, 22. viii. 1964, leg. M. Ismail, 1 ♀, ex NIM det. ; AbbottaRemarks: Recorded recently from Pakistan by Cassola . PreviouBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Cicindela viridilabris (Chaudoir 1852)Material Examined: Pakistan: NWFP:Parachinar, 18.vii.1964, leg. Cheema. ex PFI; Azad Kashmir: Muzafarabad, 10.vii.09, 1 ♂, leg. Amjad, ex NIM (det. Rafi 2009).Remarks: Known from northern India  and Nepal . Also reBio-ecological Zone: Paleo-oriental.Grammognatha Motschulsky 1850Genus Grammognatha euphratica (Dejean 1822)Material Examined: Pakistan: Kashmir: Muzaffarabad, 22. ix. 1959, 1 ♂, leg. Ghori, ex NIM det. ; Sind: KRemarks: Known from Turkey, Syria, Saudi Arabia . AccordiBio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Hypaetha copulata (Schmidt-Goebel 1846)Material Examined: Pakistan: Sind: Karachi , 8–10. viii. 1982, 4 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀, leg., Richter (det. and located with Wiesner); Karachi: Sandspit, 9. viii. 1984, 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, leg. Richter (det. and located with Wiesner).Remarks: Known from Karachi  and ArabBio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Hypaetha ornatipennis (Schilder 1953)Remarks: Known from coastal Pakistan: Sind and Iran .Bio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Hypaetha quadrilineata (Fabricius 1781)Material Examined: Pakistan: Sind: Karachi: Sandspit, 9. viii. 1984, 1 ♂, leg. Richter (det. and located with Wiesner).millingeni Bates, 1878 to be merely an individual variation. Also known from Thailand  cancellata intemperata  catena (Fabricius 1775)Remarks: Acciavatti and Pearson  reportedBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Lophyra (Lophyra) histrio (Tschitschérine 1903)Material Examined: Pakistan: Punjab: Lyallpur , 2. viii. 1948, 1 ♀, leg. Student, ex NIM det. ; Sind: URemarks: Known from Iran and Afghanistan  from SinBio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Lophyra (Spilodia) vittigera (Dejean 1825)Material Examined: Pakistan: D.I.Khan: Rang pur, 18. vi. 2009, 1 ♂, 1 ♀, leg. Zubair, ex NIM (det. Rafi 2009).Remarks: Horn  reportedBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Myriochila (Monelica) akhteriCassola and Wiesner 2009Remarks: Recently described  from LowBio-ecological Zone: Endemic species of a mainly Palaearctic subgenus.Myriochila (Monelica) fastidiosa (Dejean 1825)Remarks: Fowler  reportedBio-ecological Zone: OrientalMyriochila (Monelica) fastidiosa litigiosa (Dejean 1825)Remarks: Known from Pakistan (Jammu), India , Nepal .Bio-ecological Zone: OrientalMyriochila (Monelica) leucoloma (Chaudoir 1852)Material Examined: Pakistan: Punjab: Lyallpur, 2. viii. 1948, leg. Student, 2 ♂♂, ex NIM det. .Remarks: Previously known from India and Nepal . RecentlBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Myriochila (Myriochila) dubia (Horn 1892)Material Examined: Pakistan: Sind: Islam Kot, 25–27.iii.2008, 1♂, 2♀♀, leg. Ishaq Mastoi, ex NIM,  melancholica (Fabricius 1798)Material Examined: Pakistan: Sind: Islam Kot, 25.iii.2008; Punjab: Bhakar, 15.v.2008, 2♂♂, 6♀♀, leg. A. Akhter; (det. and located with Wiesner).Remarks: Known from Portugal (Algarve), Spain; Malta; France; Italy; Greece; Cyprus; Turkey; Morocco; Algeria; Gambia; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt; Israel; Saudi Arabia; Yemen; Bahrain; United Arab Emirates; Oman; Iran; Syria; Iraq; E. Ciscaucasia; Caucasus Major; Armenia; Pakistan; Afghanistan; Nepal and India . AccordiBio-ecological Zone: Paleo-oriental and Afrotropical.Myriochila (Myriochila) undulata (Dejean 1825)Material Examined: Pakistan: NWFP: Kalam, 16. ix. 1963, leg. M. Khan, ex PFI, Peshawer; Punjab: Sakasar, 27. viii. 2007, 1 ♂, leg. Amir Sultan, ex NIM det. .Remarks: Earlier known from India, and Hong Kong , NWFP: KBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Rhytidophaena limbata (Wiedemann 1823)Material Examined: Pakistan: Punjab: Islamabad, 23. vii. 2006, 1 ♀, leg. M. Ather, ex NIM, (det. Rafi 2009); Toba Take Singh, 17. vii. 2007, 1 ♀, leg. Zubair, ex NIM det. .Remarks: Firstly recorded from Pakistan by Fowler . Known fBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Salpingophora bellana (Horn 1905)Remarks: Known from Pakistan: Sind: Karachi westward along the Persian Gulf of Iran and Kuwait.  also knoBio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Salpingophora maindroni , 1 ♂, leg., T. R. Bell, ex NIM; Khairpur, 9. vii. 1963, leg. M. Ismail, ex PFI, Peshawar; Mirpurkhas, 9. vi. 2008, 2 ♀♀, leg. Akhter (det. Wiesner); Baluchistan: Somiani: Lasbella, 23. i. 1951, 1 ♀, ex NIM.Remarks: Horn ; MindronBio-ecological Zone: Palaearctic.Neocollyris (Neocollyris) redtenbacheri (Horn 1894)Material Examined: Pakistan: NWFP: Abbottabad, 22. vii. 1969, 1 ♂, leg. Unknown, ex NIM det. ; AbbottaRemarks: New record for Pakistan. Earlier reported by Naviaux  from HimBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.Neocollyris (Neocollyris) bonellii (Guérin-Méneville 1834)Material Examined: Pakistan: Punjab: Islamabad: Margalla Hills, 31. vii. 2006, 1 ♀, leg. Amir Sultan ex NIM det. ; IslamabRemarks: Reported by Cassola  from PakBio-ecological Zone: OrientalNeocollyris (Orthocollyris) attenuata (Redtenbacher 1848)Material Examined: Pakistan: NWFP: Swat: Mingora, 11. viii. 1963, 2♂ 1 ♀, leg. S. M. Khan, ex PFI (det. Rafi 2009); Bala Kot, 27. vii. 1964, 1 ♀, leg M. Ismail, ex PFI (det. Rafi 2009); Abbottabad, 21. vii. 1969, leg. M. Ismail, ex PFI (det. Rafi 2009); Doonga Gali, 22. vii. 1964, 2♀♀, leg. M. Ismail, ex PFI (det. Zia 2009); Punjab: Ghora Gali, 20. vii. 1962, 5 ♀♀, leg. M. Ismail, ex PFI (det. Rafi 2009).Remarks: Fowler  reportedBio-ecological Zone: Oriental.These results indicate that the tiger beetle fauna of Pakistan includes 50 taxa in 14 genera and 11 subgenera .Callytron  and C. monalisa (Horn)) is Palaearctic and Oriental for C. malabaricum (Fleutiaux and Maindron). Calochroa bicolor atavus (Horn) and C. flavomaculata occurs in Pakistan with Oriental biogeography. Under the genus Calomera Motschulsky six species were recorded from Pakistan, which include C. angulata Fabricius, C. aulica (Dejean), C. chloris (Hope), C. diania Tschitschérine, C. littoralis Fabricius, and C. plumigera (Horn).The biogeographic distribution of three taxa belonging to genus Chaetodera Jeannel is represented by two species, Ch. albina (Wiedemann) and Ch. vigintiguttata (Herbst), which reportedly have an Oriental distribution. Just one taxon in subgenus Cicindela s. str. represent the genus Cicindela Linneaus 1758 i.e. the Palearctic species Cicindela (Cicindela) granulata Gebler ssp. stoliczkana Bates. One single species, C. intermedia represents the Oriental genus Cosmodela in Pakistan, because the record of C. didyma (The genus . didyma  is proba. didyma .Cylindera (in four subgenera). Their distribution is mostly Oriental , with just three species being Palaearctic .Twelve species represent the genus Grammognatha Motschulsky is represented by the typonominal subspecies of Grammognatha euphratica (Dejean) having Paleo-oriental distribution. [Reporteddistribution of G. euphratica Latreille and Dejean and G.(E) armenica Laporte was Palaearctic (The genus aearctic ].Hypaetha Le Conte has presently three species: H. copulata (Schmidt-Goebel), H. ornatipennis (Schilder) and H. quadrilineata (Fabricius) the first two having a Palaearctic distribution (The genus ribution  and the ribution .Lophyra (Lophyra) cancellata intemperata (Acciavatti and Pearson) and Lophyra (Lophyra) catena catena (Fabricius) both belong to Oriental species arriving westwards to Pakistan (L. (L.) histrio (Tschitschérine 1903) is a Palaearctic species. Lophyra (Spilodia) vittigera (Dejean) is also basically Oriental and belongs to an Oriental subgenus  melancholica (Fabricius), M. (M.) dubia (Horn) and M. (M.) undulata (Dejean) and three of subgenus Monelica [M. (Monelica) aktheriM. (M.) fastidiosa (Dejean) and M. (M.) leucoloma (Chaudoir). M. (Myriochila) melancholica is perhaps the commonest and most widespread species in the genus, occurring in the Palearctic region, in the whole of Africa and in middle Orient eastwards to Pakistan.Six species represent the genus Rhytidophaena Bates, Rh. limbata (Wiedemann), two species of the Palaearctic genus Salpingophora Rivalier. S. bellana (Horn) and S. maindroni (Horn) and possibly three more species of the Oriental genus Neocollyris Horn, which reportedly occur in lowland Himalayan areas (“Piémonts hymalayens”: Moreover, there are in Pakistan one species belonging to Himalayan genusThese results appear to support the hypothesis advanced by Pearson and Ghorpade  that the


Iranian Journal of Microbiology (2012) Mar; 4(1): 44–66.In the article titled: Development of a new DNA extraction protocol for PFGE typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.The correct names of authors are as follows:Ghodousi A, Vatani S, Darban-Sarokhalil D, Omrani M, Fooladi A, Khosaravi A, Feizabadi MM2. Iranian Journal of Microbiology (2012) Mar; 4(1): 40–43.In the article titled: Oral chromoblastomycosis: a case report.The correct names of authors are: Fatemi MJ, Bateni H3. Iranian Journal of Microbiology (2011) Sep; 3(3): 112–7.In the article titled: Antimicrobial resistance profile and presence of class I integrongs among Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from human clinical specimens in Tehran, Iran.The correct names of authors are: Firoozeh F, Shahcheraghi F, Zahraei Salehi T, Karimi V, Aslani MM.4. Iranian Journal of Microbiology (2010) Sep; 2(3): 165–7.In the article titled: Catalase-negative Staphylococcus aureus isolated from a diabetic foot ulcer.The correct names of authors are: Dezfulian A, Salehian M, Amini V, Dabiri H, Azimirad M, Aslani MM, Zali M, Fazel I.


Reference 69 is incorrect. The correct reference is: Leonarduzzi C, Leonardi S, Menozzi P, Piotti A (2012) Towards an optimal sampling effort for paternity analysis in forest trees: what do the raw numbers tell us? iForest, 5: 18-25. DOI: 10.3832/ifor0606-009