Cucurbitaceae was also reported. This checklist records respective habitat, habits, elevation ranges, voucher numbers and global distribution ranges of each species. Native and exotic species were also distinguished, where 8.4% of the total species in 49 families were exotic species. There were 103 endemic species, while 14 species were found to be both rare and endemic. IUCN conservation status revealed 2 Critically Endangered, 4 Endangered, 9 Vulnerable and 2 Near Threatened species. This study presents the first and most comprehensive plant inventory of Mt Elgon that will facilitate further ecological and phylogenetic studies.Mt Elgon is an ancient transboundary volcanic mountain found at the Kenya-Uganda boarder possessing high plant diversity. This study documents an updated checklist of the mountain’s vascular plants obtained through random-walk field excursions and retrieval of herbarium specimen tracing back to 1900. We compiled 1709 species from 673 genera in 131 families. One new species of the family  Plants form part of the most fundamental natural resources offered by nature. They provide essential requirements for life including fuel, food, medicine, fodder, timber, oils, and resins . Plants’Mountains, estimated to be 8,616 in number globally, are among the unique and diverse physical features of the world found in all continents, accounting for about 20–24% of the terrestrial surface area . CompareUNESCO), because of its cultural significance, considerable plant diversity comprising of rare and endemic species of Afromontane flora, and its role as a water catchment area with more than two million people relying on it for livelihood  distinguishes between native and exotic plants and their distribution ranges; (ii) evaluates the conservation status of extant taxa; and (iii) identifies rare and endemic species found in Mt Elgon. This study is fundamental in further evaluating phylogenetic diversity and ecological studies. This will be significant in formulating and implementation of conservation policies for the ecosystems of Mt Elgon.1°08'N, 34°45'E . The forest covers 73,705 ha while that within the national park covers 16,900 ha on the northeastern slope of the mountain managed by the Kenya Wildlife Service  and duplicates transferred to the Hubei Institute of Botany herbarium (HIB), in China.We assembled an inclusive database of plants of Mt Elgon from field excursions tracing back to the 1900s. The Sino-Africa Joint Research Centre in collaboration with the National Museums of Kenya conducted field excursions between the year 2017 and 2019 in the vast Mt Elgon ecosystem. Plant specimen assembling were done using the random-walk survey where fertile plants sample (in fruiting or flowering stages) were collected in triplicates. Onsite plants and habitat characteristics were recorded and specimen voucher numbers assigned alongside scientific and/or local names, location, and collection date. Specimens were preserved by pressing and drying. Assigned scientific names were later confirmed using standard references . The idehttp://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/). Distribution ranges of each taxon were extrapolated to be within the maximum and minimum possible record in relation to altitudinal ranges of Mt Elgon. Based on our collections, life forms were assigned as herbs, shrubs, climbers, lianas and trees following https://www.ipni.org/), Plants of the World Online (https://powo.science.kew.org), and Tropicos (https://www.tropicos.org).For inclusive tabulation of vascular plants of Mt Elgon, previous plant collections dating back to 1900 were retrieved from various online herbaria, field guides and published floras, such as Kenya Trees Shrubs and Lianas , Wild Fld Online  (https:/Tropicos  (https:/CR), Endangered (EN), Vulnerable (VU) or Near Threatened (NT) based on International Union for Conservation of Nature criterion (IUCN) Red list of threatened species (https://www.iucnredlist.org). In addition, taxa endemism was determined based on literature citation and online distribution ranges according to the Global Biodiverity Information Facility (https://www.gbif.org). We also inferred whether the taxa compiled was native or exotic.Conservation status of each taxon were assigned as either Critically Endangered ( species  (https:/Magnoliopsida 1230 species (72%), Liliopsida 396 species (23%), Polypodiopsida 72 (4%), Lycopodiopsida 7 species (0.4%), and Pinopsida 4 species (0.2%) (Table Asteraceae (191), Fabaceae (168), Orchidaceae (114), Poaceae (98), Lamiaceae (79), Cyperaceae (59), Rubiaceae (58), and Acanthaceae (45 species) (Table Cyperus (31), Asplenium (29), Crotalaria (27), Habenaria (25), Helichrysum (24), and Coleus (21)  representing 673 genera in 131 families. The plant taxa were classified into five classes, namely: The plant life forms of Mt Elgon were categorized as either trees, shrubs, climbers, lianas, or herbs. Herbs constituted the highest percentage of forest cover (72%) of the total species recorded, which consisted largely of terrestrial plants, few aquatic (9 species) and epiphytic (45 species) plants. The other growth habits constituted shrubs (13% with 228 species), climbers (6% with 118 species), trees (6% with 108 species), and lianas (2% having 24 species) , 9 Vulnerable (VU), 4 Endangered (EN) and 2 Critically Endangered (CR)  Fig. . Bothriopulation . The onlangulata .Asteraceae (22) and Cyperaceae (7)  and Orobanchaceae (3)  and Poaceae (3) constituted the highest number of both rare and endemic species  Fig. . Asteracperaceae  . In Mt Elgon, a total of 144 species from 49 families were determined as exotic (Table Asteraceae (38), Fabaceae (11), Solanaceae (9), Orchidaceae (6), Lamiaceae (5), and Euphorbiaceae (5) constituted the highest number of exotic species  Polypodiopsida; (iii) Pinopsida; (iv) Liliopsida; and (v) Magnoliopsida. The native range of the species are recorded for the benefit of biodiversity studies. The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group I (PPG I) (2016) was used as the basis of classification of Lycopodiopsida and Polypodiosida; Pinopsida; and Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida. For each species, information on growth habit, habitat, collection vouchers, altitudinal occurrence range, and their native distribution ranges are provided. In the cases of unavailable vouchers, descriptive monographs were cited. Species endemic to Mt Elgon are indicated by (**) while those endemic to the region in which Mt Elgon is located are indicated by (*). Exotic species are also indicated in the checklist by (EX).The annotated checklist of plants of Mt Elgon records species in Kenya and Uganda for the benefit for scientific exploration of its flora, as well as broader research on conservation. The checklist is arranged alphabetically at family, genus, and species level. The plants are grouped into five classes: (i) 1 Genus, 1 speciesIsoetesabyssinica Chiov. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonal rock outcrop, 1520–2400 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to E Central & E Tropical Africa.2 Genera, 3 speciesHuperziadacrydioides (Baker) Pic.Serm. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane Forest, 1500–2800 m. Vouchers: Holm Å 47 (S). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa, Comoros.Huperziasaururus (Lam.) Trevis. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland, Ericaceous zone, 2550–4300 m. Vouchers: Åke Strid 3584 (S), Holm Å 46 (S), Hedberg O 1037 (S). Native distribution range: Ascension, St Helena, Cameroon to Ethiopia and S Africa, W Indian Ocean, Peru to Subantarctic Islands.Lycopodiumclavatum L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo zone, roadside, montane forest, 2000–2800 m. Vouchers: Katende 1034 (K), Mwangangi OM 482 (WAG.). Native distribution range: Temperate Northern Hemisphere to Tropical Mountains.1 Genus, 3 speciesSelaginellacaffrorum (Milde) Hieron. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rock crevices, 1450–2300 m. Voucher: Wood GHS 449 (EA). Native distribution range: Sudan to S Africa.Selaginellagoudotiana Spring – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest, moist thickets, 1250–2450 m. Voucher: Brown EJ in EA 12492 (EA), Wesche K 391 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula, Madagascar.Selaginellakraussiana (Kunze) A.Braun – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest floor, bamboo zone, 1300–3100 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 505 (US), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0271 . Native distribution range: Macaronesia, Tropical & S Africa.1 Genus, 29 speciesAspleniumabyssinicum Fée – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo zones, montane forest, 1850–3600 m. Vouchers: Katende T; Sheil D 2239 (K), Wood GHS 178 (MO), Hedberg O 151 (S). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Aspleniumactiniopteroides Peter – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland, 2500–4250 m. Voucher: Wesche K 853 (US), 107 (EA), 1078 (US), Åke Strid 3561 (S), Hedberg O 954 (S), Molesworth-Allen BEG 3672 (S). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Aspleniumadamsii Alston – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland, upper ericaceous zones, 2970–3400 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Ethiopia to Tanzania.Aspleniumadiantum-nigrum L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, bamboo zones, heath scrub, ericaceous zone, moorland, 3000–3800 m. Voucher: Hedberg O 906 (EA). Native distribution range: Temperate Eurasia, Macaronesia, NW & S Africa to Tropical African Mountains, W Central America to N Mexico, Hawaiian Islands.Aspleniumaethiopicum (Burm.f.) Bech. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist bushland, moist forest, bamboo zone, rock crevices, moorland, 1430–3600 m. Vouchers: Charles E DeVol 5 (MICH), Bamps PRJ 6519 (BR), Sheil D; Katende T 836, 764 (K), Tiyoy LM 1242 (K), Wesche K 1412 (EA), 1271 (K), 897 (US), Wood C 173 (US), Beentje HJ 1932 (WAG). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World to Pacific.Aspleniumanisophyllum Kunze – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest, 1000–1600 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 89 (S), Holm Å 44 (S). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Aspleniumauriculatum Sw. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest, moorland, (2400–)2600–4200 m. Voucher: Synge PM 1033 (MO). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical America.Aspleniumboltonii Hook. ex Schelpe – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo zone, montane forest, 1600–2750 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 1272 (S), Granvik H 343 (S). Native distribution range: Tanzania to S Africa, Madagascar, Réunion.Aspleniumbuettneri Hieron. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine forest, 1450–1700 m. Voucher: Molesworth-Allen BEG 3673 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Aspleniumbugoiense Hieron. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist montane forest, bamboo forest, 2000–2700 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 579 (US), Molesworth-Allen BEG 3671 (US), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0199 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Rwanda.Aspleniumceii Pic.Serm. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest, 1700–2430 m. Voucher: Gardner 1028 (EA). Native distribution range: Gabon to Ethiopia and Mozambique.Aspleniumchristii Hieron. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist Forest, 1450–1900 m. Voucher: Granvik H 361 (S). Native distribution range: Kenya to South Africa.Aspleniumelliottii C.H.Wright – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist montane forest, bamboo forest, 1200–2650 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 1899 (S), Molesworth-Allen BEG 3670 (US). Native distribution range: Ethiopia, E Central & E Tropical Africa.Aspleniumerectum Bory ex Willd. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest, 1300–2750 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 690 (US), Hedberg O 90 (S). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean, India, Sri Lanka, Jawa, Lesser Sunda Islands (Timor), Samoa (Savai’i).Aspleniumfriesiorum C.Chr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine thickets, bamboo forest, moist forest, 2700–3000 m. Vouchers: Katende T; Sheil D 2258 (K), van Heist M 571 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean.Aspleniumgemmascens Alston – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest, 1100–1150 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: S Nigeria to Uganda and Angola.Aspleniumgemmiferum Schrad. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 1500–2300 m. Voucher: Holm Å 48 (S). Native distribution range: Bioko to Uganda and S Africa, Réunion, Mauritius.Aspleniumhypomelas Kuhn – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine, moist forest, rock outcrops, 1500–2400 m. Vouchers: Kisalye N; van Heist M 564 (K), Gerhard Lindblom 577 (S). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to South Africa.Aspleniumloxoscaphoides Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo zone, moist forest, 3100–3650 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 1301 (US), Hedberg O 116 (S). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa to Malawi.Aspleniumlunulatum Sw. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 2200–2500 m. Vouchers: Åke Strid 3174 . Native distribution range: Bioko, Ascension, St Helena, Kenya to S Africa.Aspleniummonanthes L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo zone, dry montane forest, 2100–3400 m. Vouchers: Beentje HJ 1954 (WAG), Brown EJ EA 12493 (U), Katende T; Sheil D 1144 (K), Wesche K 655 (K), Brown, EJ EA 12493 (U). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, Tristan da Cunha, Bioko, Cameroon, Somalia to S Africa, Madagascar, Réunion, Hawaiian Islands, Tropical & Subtropical America.Aspleniumprotensum Schrad. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest, 1250–2900(–3300) m. Vouchers: Katende T; Sheil D 1073 (K), Wesche K 502 (US), Wood G 179 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean, N Yemen.Aspleniumsandersonii Hook. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, rock outcrops, 2600–3100 m. Voucher: Wesche K 1339 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean.Aspleniumsmedsii Pic.Serm. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo zone, moist forest, 1500–3000 m. Voucher: Beentje 1958 (US), Wesche K 571 (US). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Malawi, W Indian Ocean.Aspleniumstuhlmannii Hieron. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, riverine forest, 1200–2230 m. Vouchers: Faden RB & Evans AJ 69/718 (US). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Sudan and Tanzania, Madagascar.Aspleniumtheciferum (Kunth) Mett. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist, forest, bamboo zone, 850–2900 m. Voucher: Wesche K 898 (US). Native distribution range: S Mexico to Tropical America, Africa.EXAspleniumthunbergii Kunze – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland, (2400–)2600–4200 m. Voucher: Wood 177 (MO). Native distribution range: Madagascar, Sri Lanka, Assam to New Guinea.Aspleniumtrichomanes L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist rocky forest, 2130–2700 m. Voucher: Wesche K 1648 (US). Native distribution range: Cosmopolitan.Aspleniumuhligii Hieron. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland, forest, giant heath, woodland (2400–)2600–4200 m. Vouchers: Wood G 268 (K), Rose F 10,266 (K), 269 (K), Dummer RA 3331 (US). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.1 Genus, 1 speciesAlsophilacamerooniana (Hook.) R.M.Tryon – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Afromontane mixed forest, by streams, 1500–2835 m. Vouchers: Kisalye N; van Heist M 535 (K). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Angola.2 Genera, 2 speciesHypolepisrugosulasubsp.viscida (Roxb.) Schwartsb. & J.Prado – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo zone, moorland, forest, 2700–3000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: St Helena, Bioko, Cameroon to E Central & E Tropical Africa, Madagascar.EXPteridiumaquilinum (L.) Kuhn – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 300–2600 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, N & NE Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Europe to Siberia and Iran.1 Genus, 1 speciesTrichomanesmelanotrichum Schltdl. – Habit: Epiphytic or lithophytic herb. Habitat: Moist forest, on tree trunks, rocks, 1460–3050 m. Vouchers: Beentje HJ 1953 (WAG), Dummer RA 3703 (NMNH), 3699, 3703 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius.1 Genus, 2 speciesOphioglossumpolyphyllum A.Braun ex Seub. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, montane grassland, forests, 1100–1350 m. Voucher: Faden & Evans 71/472 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World, Arizona to Texas and Mexico.Ophioglossumreticulatum L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, moist woodland, forest margin, 0–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1881 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0057 . Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.11 Genera, 18 speciesArachniodeswebbiana (A.Braun) Schelpe – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet forest, streamside, 1300–2600 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 151 (S), Beentje HJ 1986 (US). Native distribution range: Madeira, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Malawi, Tanzania, Zimbabwe to South Africa.Arthropterismonocarpa (Cordem.) C.Chr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist montane forest, near streams, bamboo zone, 1250–2450 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 797 (NHMUK), Schippers RR K 229 (WAG), Collector unknown 3679 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Arthropterisorientalis (Gmel.) Posth. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist thickets, 900–2400 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, W Indian Ocean, N Yemen.Dryopteristricellularis J.P.Roux – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, riverine, bamboo zone, 2075–3420 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 649 (US), 471 (US). Native distribution range: Kenya to UgandaElaphoglossumangulatum (Blume) T.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo, ericaceous zone, 2470–2600 m. Voucher: Wesche K 1277 (K). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa, Madagascar, Tropical & Subtropical Asia.Elaphoglossumaubertii (Desv.) T.Moore – Habit: epiphyte herb. Habitat: Montane forest, 1500–2600 m. Vouchers: Katende T; Sheil D 1075 (K), Dummer RA 3480 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean.Elaphoglossumdeckenii (Kuhn) C.Chr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, bamboo to ericaceous zone, 2200–3300 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 1278 (K), Wood GHS 270 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Elaphoglossumhybridum (Bory) T.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist montane forest, moorland, 2000–3600 m. Voucher: Hedberg O 904 . Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius.Elaphoglossumsubcinnamomeum Hieron. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland, ericaceous zone, 3000–3600 m. Voucher: Hedberg O 993 (K). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Kenya to Tanzania.Lepisorusexcavatus (Bory ex Willd.) Ching – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Moist montane forest, 2378–3050 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 1276 (US), Schippers RR K 185 (WAG). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean.Loxogrammeabyssinica (Baker) M.G.Price – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry, wet forest, 1000–2500 m. Vouchers: Kisalye N; van Heist M 499 (K), Wesche K 630 (US), Tiyoy L 1243 (K), Eggeling W 2456 (US), Granvik H 365 (S). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Comoros, Madagascar, N Yemen.Melpomeneflabelliformis (Poir.) A.R.Sm. & R.C.Moran – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, moorland, bamboo zone, 2230–3500 m. Voucher: Wesche K 1217 (US), Molesworth-Allen BEG 3668 . Native distribution range: Mexico  to Tropical America, Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean.Nephrolepisbiserrata (Sw.) Schott – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist upland forest, 1000–1500 m. Voucher: Chater-Jack 25 in CM 5848 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.Nephrolepisundulata J.Sm. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, marshy grassland, bushland, forest, rocky cliffs, 750–2450 m. Voucher: Lugard 285 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.Pleopeltismacrocarpa (Bory ex Willd.) Kaulf. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest, riverine forest, bamboo forest, moorland, 1099–3600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1820 (US), Wesche K 553 (US), Bamps PRJ 6491 (BR), Szczepanek K 278 (BR), Molesworth-Allen BEG 3681 (US). Native distribution range: Mexico to S Tropical America, Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula, S India, Sri Lanka.Polystichummagnificum F.Ballard – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland, 3300–3750 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 965 (K), Wesche K 1419 (US). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to Tanzania.EXPolystichumsinense Christ – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist montane forest, streamsidde, bamboo zone, moorland, 2400–3800 m. Vouchers: RB Faden 71/464 (K), Granvik H 361 (S). Native distribution range: S Africa, Pakistan to China, Taiwan.Polystichumtransvaalense N.C.Anthony – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest, bamboo zone, 1500–2700 m. Vouchers: Tiyoy L 1241 . Native distribution range: Cameroon to Kenya and S Africa.8 Genera, 12 speciesActiniopterissemiflabellata Pic.Serm. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open bushland, woodland, 600–2100 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 1838 (K). Native distribution range: Africa to Nepal.Adiantumpoiretii Wikstr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, forest/bamboo boundary, 1625–3000 m. Vouchers: Schippers RR K 226 (WAG), Hedberg O 65 (K), Roscoe J sn (K), Brown EJ EA12489 (K), Tweedie 1883 (K), Tweedie 1883A (K), Wesche K 1360 (K). Native range: Tropical & Subtropical America, Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula, W Indian Ocean, SW India, Sri Lanka.Anogrammaleptophylla (L.) Link – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest edges and slopes, moorland, 1500–3400 m. Vouchers: Lewin NH 304 (EA), Lye KA; Katende AB 6406 (K), Hamilton 6627 (MO), Irwin PH 304 (K), Snowden JD 512 (EA). Native distribution range: S Central Europe to Tropics & Subtropics.Coniogrammeafricana Hieron. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Stream sides, waterfall spray zones, 2134–2900 m. Vouchers: Katende T; Sheil D 359 (K), Katende; Sheil 1869 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.EXDoryopterisconcolor (Langsd. & Fisch.) Kuhn – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 1000–2300 m. Voucher: Tweedie 2435 (EA). Native distribution range: S Mexico to Tropical America.Haplopterisvolkensii (Hieron.) E.H.Crane – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Moist montane forest, 1750–2255 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 950 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Hemionitiscalomelanos (Sw.) Christenh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, rock crevices, 1350–2700 m. Voucher: Hemp A 5419 (US). Native distribution range: NE Spain, Ethiopia to S Africa, W Indian Ocean, Pakistan to China .Hemionitisfarinosa (Forssk.) Christenh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo zone, moorland, 2150–3000 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ 295 (K), Hedberg O 178 897(K), Wesche K 1048 (US), Granvik H 359 (S), Gardner HM 1035 (K). Native distribution range: Mexico to Venezuela and Peru, Africa to Arabian Peninsula.Hemionitisquadripinnata (Forssk.) Christenh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadside, banks, moist montane forests, bamboo zones, 1525–2890 m. Voucher: Sheil D; Katende T 775 (K), Wesche K 699 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, N Yemen.Hemionitisviridis (Forssk.) Christenh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rock outcrop, bushland, shady riverines, forested areas, 650–2250 m. Vouchers: Katende T; Sheil D 630 (K), Tweedie 1831 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa, W Indian Ocean, SW Arabian Peninsula.Pteriscretica L. – Habit: herb. Habitat: Montane forest, 1500–2700 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Canary Islands (Gran Canaria), Ethiopia to S Africa, Réunion, Madagascar, St Helena, Ascension, Socotra, Yemen, Mediterranean to Japan and Tropical Asia.Pterisfriesii Hieron.in Fries – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, swamps, bamboo zones, 1000–3050 m. Voucher: Taylor G 3415 (NHMUK). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.1 Genus, 5 speciesThelypterisbergiana (Schltdl.) Ching – Habit: Herb. Habitat: By streams, rivers in moist montane forest, bamboo zones, 1800–2470 m. Voucher: Molesworth-Allen BEG 3680 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean.Thelypterisdentata E.P.St.John – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Along streams, moist forest, 2100 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World to Pacific.Thelypterisoppositiformis (C.Chr.in Bonap) Ching – Habit: Herb. Habitat: By streams in Bamboo zone, ericaceous zone, montane forest, 1900–2950 m. Voucher: Wesche K 1302 (US). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Africa, Madagascar.EXThelypterispozoi (Lag.) Morton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo zone, moist montane forest, ericaceous zone, 2050–3350 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Azores, Madeira, SW France to Spain.Thelypterispulchra (Bory ex Willd.) Schelpe – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine forest 1465–2135 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and Mpulamanga, W Indian Ocean.2 Genera, 2 speciesAthyriumschimperi Moug.; Fee – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest edge, among rocks in montane grasslands, 1820–3050 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1882 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Cystopterisfragilis (L.) Bernh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo zone, 1400–4300 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 1918 (US), Beentje HJ 1959 (WAG). Native distribution range: Cosmopolitan.1 Genus, 1 speciesJuniperusprocera Hochst. ex Endl. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Drier upland forest, 1800–2950 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 2025 (K), Snowden JD 930 (BR), 844 , Styles BT 292 (K), Lugard EJ; Lugard C 408 (K), Bamps PRJ 6511 , Thomas AS 2630 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to Zimbabwe, SW Arabian Peninsula.2 Genera, 3 speciesEXAfrocarpusfalcatus (Thunb.) C.N.Page – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 1250–2700 m. Vouchers: EA. Native distribution range: Malawi to S Africa.Afrocarpusgracilior (Pilg.) C.N.Page – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 1500–2400 m. Vouchers: Vesey-Fitzgerald in C.M 18617 (EA), Eggeling 2474 (EA), Wesche K 2024 (K), Bamps PRJ 6496 (WAG), Hedberg O 320 (K), Mwangangi OM 429 (BR), Styles BT 269 (BR), Eggeling WJ 2479 (BR), 2474 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Podocarpusmilanjianus Rendle – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Upland forest, 1500–3350m. Vouchers: Wesche K 616 (K), Katende T; Sheil D 325 (K), Wood GHS 914 (K), Snowden JD 964 , Dummer RA 3623 (US), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0229 . Native distribution range: Nigeria to S Sudan and S Tropical Africa.1 Genus, 1 speciesAlismaplantago-aquatica L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, streamside, 1450–2340 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 730 (EA). Native distribution range: Temperate Eurasia, North Africa to Tanzania4 Genera, 6 speciesAmmocharisangolensis (Baker) Milne-Redh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 1800–2600 m. Vouchers: Lugard 421 (EA), Snowden JD 1015 (K), 1055 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to Angola.*Boophonedisticha Herb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky grassland, 1280–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: SE South Sudan to S AfricaCrinumkirkii Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushlands, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa to Mozambique.Crinummacowanii Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grasslands, 1630–2310 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 827 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, Seychelles.EXCrinumzeylanicum (L.) L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, riverine, old cultivations, 1000–1900 m. Voucher: Wahlstrom 3 (EA). Native distribution range: Seychelles, SW India, Sri Lanka.Scadoxusmultiflorus (Martyn) Raf. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, grassland, 1750–2700 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 846 (EA), Holm Å 20 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa to SW Arabian Peninsula.3 Genera, 5 speciesAmorphophallusabyssinicus (A.Rich.) N.E.Br. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grasslands, marshland, 1000–2300 m. Vouchers: Lugard 581, Tweedie 2591 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Arisaemaenneaphyllum Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest edges, bamboo zone, 2300–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1167 (K), Tweedie 1167B (2/3) (K), Tweedie EM 1167A (K), Osmaston 4010 (EA), Hedberg 1056 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0032 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Uganda, Yemen.Arisaemamildbraedii Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist montane forest, bamboo zone, 1400–2620 m. Vouchers: EjJ & C Lugard (EA), Snowden JD 895 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0045, 0101 . Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Arisaemaschimperianum Schott – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E DR Congo.Sauromatumvenosum (Aiton) Kunth – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist woodland, riverine forest, 230(1000)–2140 m. Vouchers: Chater-Jack 245 (K), Major EJ; Lugard C 580 (K), Anderson 2773 (K). Native distribution range: Upland areas of Africa and Asia10 Genera, 34 speciesAlbucaabyssinica Jacq. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, 0010–2500 m. Voucher: Polhill 399 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Albucavirens (Lindl.) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open woodland, seasonally wet grassland, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 511 (K), Polhill, R 415 (K). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.Anthericumangustifolium Hochst. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grasses, seasonally waterlogged soils, 1800–2850 m. Vouchers: Naiga; Katende 700 (K), Symes 358 (K), Major EJ; Lugard C 592 (K), Irwin PH Mrs 69 (K), Tweedie 3449 (K), Chater-Jack 264 (K). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Kenya.Asparagusafricanus Lam. – Habit: Erect or climbing woody shrub. Habitat: Forest, woody bushes, grassland, 100–3500 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3737 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula, W India.EXAsparagusasiaticus L. – Habit: Scrambling or woody climbing shrub. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: India.Asparagusasparagoides (L.) Druce – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: woodland, dry forest, forest margin, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Wesche K 1311 (EA). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to S Africa.Asparagusbuchananii Baker – Habit: Scrambling or woody climbing shrub. Habitat: Grassland, wooded grassland, thickets, woodland, 150–2250 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1064 . Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to S Africa.Asparagusflagellaris Baker – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, 500–1000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Arabian Peninsula.Asparagusracemosus Willd. – Habit: Scrambling or woody climbing shrub. Habitat: Forest margins, bushlands, 800–2900 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1036 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to N Australia.BowieavolubilisHarv. ex Hook.f.subsp.volubilis – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Uganda to S Africa.Bowieavolubilis Harv. ex Hook.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen bushland, rocky woodland, 1680–2320 m. Vouchers: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0153 . Native distribution range: Uganda to S Africa.Chlorophytumaffinevar.curviscapum (Poelln.) Hanid – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Raymer 611 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Yemen.Chlorophytumafricanumvar.silvaticum (Dammer) Meerts – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, rock outcrop, open woodlad, 1800–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Chlorophytumblepharophyllum Schweinf. ex Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, grassland, rocky outcrops, 1500–2450 m. Voucher: Polhill RM 413 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Chlorophytumcameronii (Baker) Kativu – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, rocky slopes, 1675–2550 m. Vouchers: Symes 373 (EA), Rayner WR 544 (EA), Lugard EJ 2804 (EA), Jack C 253 (EA), Padwa JH 22 (EA), Tweedie EM 5452 (EA), Adamson J 508 (508). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Chlorophytumcomosum (Thunb.) Jacques – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, outcrop rock, 1800–3000 m. Voucher: Lugard EJ; Lugard C 629 (K). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Cameroon, Ethiopia to S Africa.Chlorophytumgallabatense Schweinf. ex Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, open woodland, 750–2439 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 1998 (K), Polhill RM 410 (BR), Tweedie DR 1354 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to Namibia.Chlorophytumpolystachys Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, open woodland, 1750–2900 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 1354 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Chlorophytumsubpetiolatum (Baker) Kativu – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, grassland, woodland, 1750–2450 m. Voucher: Polhill 398 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Chlorophytumviridescens Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rock outcrops, grassland, riverbanks, 1750–2700 m. Voucher: Polhill 410 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon, E Tropical Africa.Dracaenaafromontana Mildbr. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Moist forest, bamboo forest, 1600–3200 m. Vouchers: Lye KA; Pocs T 23128 (K), Dummer RA 3604 (K), Snowden JD 804 , Tiyoy LM 1280 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0175 . Native distribution range: South Sudan (Imatong Mountains) to Malawi.Dracaenaconspicua (N.E.Br.) Byng & Christenh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1441 (K). Native distribution range: Kenya to S Tropical Africa.Dracaenafragrans (L.) Ker Gawl. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Forest, near streams, 600–2250 m. Vouchers: Jackson THE 338 (K)? Jack? 5195 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Dracaenafrequens (Chahin.) Byng & Christenh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, rocky sites, secondary grassland, 50–2600 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1441 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Dracaenasteudneri Engl. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Moist forest, 2250–3000 m. Voucher: Jack C 427 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Drimiaaltissima (L.f.) Ker Gawl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Lugard EJ; Lugard C 558 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Drimiacongesta Bullock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, rocky outcrop, moorland, 2800–3000 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ; Lugard C 474 (K), Thoma AS 2628 (MO). Native distribution range: Uganda to Kenya.*Drimiaelata Jacq. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, grassland, 1250–2500 m. Vouchers: O’Brien (EA), Lugard EJ; Lugard C 563 (K). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Africa.Drimiaporphyrantha (Bullock) Stedje – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 2000–2300 m. Voucher: Lugard EJ; Lugard C 556 (K). Native distribution range: Kenya.*Eriospermumabyssinicum Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet rocky grassland, 2000–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Eriospermumtriphyllum Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie 906 (EA). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Ledebouriarevoluta (L.f.) Jessop – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, bushland, grassland, woodland, 1800–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula, India, Sri Lanka.Ornithogalumgracillimum R.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 2000–3000 m. Vouchers: Polhill RM 406 , Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0110 . Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to Kenya.EXOrnithogalumgussonei Ten. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, woodland, swampy regions, 1000–3000 m. Voucher: Polhill 415 (EA). Native distribution range: Italy, Greece to SW Turkey.3 Genera, 7 speciesAloeelgonica Bullock – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grass covered slopes, rock pockets, 1980–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 2406 (EA), Tweedie EM 343 (K), Brandham 98 (MO), Brandham PE; Cutler DF 11 (K), Lugard 299 (K), Brandham PE; Cutler DF 94 (K), Reynolds GW 8003 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0089 . Native distribution range: Kenya (Mt Elgon).**Aloewilsonii Reynolds – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky slopes, cliffs, 1525–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 1424 (K), Reynolds 9041 (K). Native distribution range: N Uganda to NW Kenya.*Aloewollastonii Rendle – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, 1750–2285 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 322 (EA), Irwin PH 355 (EA). Native distribution range: E Central Tropical Africa.*Bulbineabyssinica A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, outcrop rock, 2000–3200 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O (UPS), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0107 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa, Yemen.Kniphofiagrantii Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Damp grassland, 750–2700 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 847 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to Zambia.Kniphofiathomsonii Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, bushland, grassland, marshy grounds, 1900–3960 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 4467 (EA), Snowden JD 944 (EA), Wright CH 5455 (EA), Lugard EJ 83 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0149 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Tanzania.Kniphofiathomsoniivar.snowdenii (C.H.Wright) Marais – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, bushland, 2100–4000 m. Vouchers: Tothill BH 2284 (EA), Hedberge 4467 (EA), Tweedie 1279 (EA), Snowden JL 437 (K). Native distribution range: Uganda to Kenya.**4 Genera, 5 speciesEXAndrocymbiummelanthioides Willd. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Zimbabwe to S Africa.Colchicumstriatum (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) J.C.Manning & Vinn. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rock outcrop, evergreen woodland, bushland, grassland, 1500–3480 m. Voucher: Symes 378 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.Gloriosasuperba L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, outcrop rock, woodland, evergreen forests and bushlands, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Cheseny CM 9 (BR), Lindblom G sn (S). Native distribution range: Widespread in tropical and southern Africa and in tropical Asia.Wurmbeatenuis (Hook.f.) Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, forests, 2000–3500 m. Vouchers: Hamilton A; Wendelbo P 6616 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0144 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Wurmbeatenuissubsp.hamiltonii (Wendelbo) B.Nord. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, rock outcrop, 2000–3500 m. Vouchers: Hamilton A; Wendelbo P 6616 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0020 , Tweedie 575 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.*4 Genera, 27 speciesAneilemahirtum A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, 1750–2050 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 76B,175 (EA), Tweedie EM 464 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Zambia.Aneilemaleiocaule K.Schum. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland Forest, forest edges, 1000–2750 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 752 (K). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to E DR Congo.Aneilemaminutiflorum Faden – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane, riverine forest, 1800–2500 m. Vouchers: Lewis WH 5973 (US), Hemp A 5442 (US), Wesche K 1965 (US). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.*Aneilemaspekei C.B.Clarke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, grassland, woodland, roadsides, 700–1800 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 759, 1885, (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Zambia.Commelinaafricana L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, weed in disturbed places, 300–2900 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 785 (K), Wesche K 568 (K). Native distribution range: Africa, Arabian Peninsula.EXCommelinaafricanavar.krebsiana (Kunth) C.B.Clarke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upper Forest edge, 3000–3150 m. Vouchers: Lind EM 460 (K), Tweedie 1392 (K). Native distribution range: S Tropical & S Africa, Comoros.Commelinabenghalensis L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, woodland, moist grassland, cultivation, 010–2350 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 787 (K), Lewis WH 5961 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Commelinadiffusa Burm.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, swamps, forest clearings, caltivations, 1750–3400 m. Voucher: Wesche K 1853 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Commelinaecklonianasubsp.echinosperma (K.Schum.) Faden – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky grassland, 1050–2050 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1350, 3444 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Zambia.Commelinaerectasubsp.erecta – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, outcrop rock, 550–1500 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 4165 (EA). Native distribution range: America, Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Commelinakitaleensis Faden – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, seasonally wet grassland, forest edge, 1800–2000 m. Vouchers: Irwin 146 (EA), Tweedie EM EM; Faden RB; Evans A 69/715 (K). Native distribution range: Kenya (E Mt Elgon).**Commelinalatifolia Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, among rocks, forests, 1100–2100 m. Vouchers: Faden RB & Evans AJ 69/714 (US). Native distribution range: Congo to Ethiopia and N Tanzania, SW Arabian Peninsula.Commelinapurpurea C.B.Clarke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, woodlands, forest edge, outcrop rock, 1800–2250 m. Vouchers: Lugard 145 (K), Wesche K 1507 (US), Faden RB & Evans AJ 69/737B (US), Lewis WH 5960 (US), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0023 . Native distribution range: Congo to South Sudan and Tanzania.Commelinareptans Brenan – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, seasonally moist grasslands, 1800–2550 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to Burundi and N Tanzania.Commelinaschweinfurthii C.B.Clarke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: grassland, rocky araes, swamps, forests edges, roadside, 1750–2350 m. Vouchers: Lewis WH 5974, Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0022 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Commelinaschweinfurthiisubsp.schweinfurthii – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ; Lugard C 549 (K), Tweedie 786 (K), Lewis WH 5974 (US), Faden RB & Evans AJ 69/717 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Commelinasubulata Roth – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, rock outcrop, wet grasslands, bushlands, 1750–2300 m. Voucher: Lewis WH 5975 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula, S India.Commelinatriangulispatha Mildbr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist roadside banks, damp pastures, wooded grasslands and woodland, 1650–2300 m. Voucher: Thomas 414 (EA). Native distribution range: DR Congo to E Tropical Africa.Cyanotisarachnoidea C.B.Clarke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: outcrop rock, 1800–2600 m. Vouchers: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0027, SAJIT-PR 0128 . Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Tanzania, India to Taiwan.Cyanotiscaespitosa Kotschy & Peyr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, rock outcrop, 2150–2600 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Cyanotisfoecunda DC. ex Hassk. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock near rivers, bushland, woodlands, occasionally in swampy places, 1800–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 3466 (K), Lewis WH 5964 (US). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and N Botswana, Arabian Peninsula.Cyanotislanata Benth. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, 1750–2150 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 782 (K), Lewis WH 5976 (US), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0142 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Cyanotislongifolia Benth. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, grassland, bamboo clumps, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Stein W Bie (UPS). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to NE Namibia.Cyanotispaludosa Brenan – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Marshes, open grassland., 1100–2000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 3655 (EA), Faden RB & Evans AJ 69/716 (US). Native distribution range: DR Congo to E Tropical Africa.Cyanotisvaga (Lour.) Schult. & Schult.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest edge clearing, moorland, rock outcrop, 1650–4150 m. Vouchers: Tweedie Mrs 1420, 1351 (K), Wesche K 1800, 1655 (US), Dummer RA 3383 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula, Himalaya to W Malesia.Murdanniasemiteres  Santapau – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 926 (K), Tweedie EM 161 (K). Native distribution range: Uganda to Zambia, Iran to Indo-China.Murdanniasimplex (Vahl) Brenan – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, woodland, 1750–2200 m. Vouchers: Lind EM 450 (EA), Tweedie EM 161 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar, Tropical & Subtropical Asia to N. Australia.7 Genera, 59 speciesAbildgaardiaovata (Burm.f.) Kral – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 0–2000 m. Vouchers: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.Bulbostylisatrosanguinea C.B.Clarke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Afroalpine grassland, rocky moorland, 2000–3700 m. Voucher: Wesche K 1369 (K). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Angola, Yemen.Bulbostyliscongolensis De Wild. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, rocky outcrops, 1050–1400 m. Voucher: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Bulbostylisdensasubsp.afromontana (Lye) R.W.Haines – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, forest, 1200–2600 m. Voucher: Lind EM 271 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Bulbostylisglaberrima Kük. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland rocks, 3000–3600 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 4545 (EA), Hamilton 233 (EA). Native distribution range: E Uganda to W Central Kenya.*Bulbostylisoligostachys C.B.Clarke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet rocks, wooded grassland, 1800–2500 m. Voucher: Wesche K 1422 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Angola.Bulbostylispilosa (Willd.) Cherm. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Flooded wooded grassland, bushland, 1–1400 m. Voucher: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Carexbequaertii De Wild. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet montane, alpine grasslands, 2000–3600 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 1208 (EA), Haines W 4165 (K), Lugard C; Verdcourt B 482 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Carexcastanostachya K.Schum. ex Kük. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist Forest, bamboo thickets, 1850–2050 m. Voucher: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya (Taita Hills) to Tanzania.Carexconferta Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, bamboo forest, moorland, upland forest, 2250–3650 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 77 (K), 1939 (K), Mwangangi OM 364 (BR), Hedberg O 1034 (K), Dummer RA 3461 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Carexechinochloe Kunze – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland edges, grasslands, bamboo, marshes, 900–2750 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Bioko to Ethiopia and Tanzania.Carexelgonensis Nelmes – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Heath zones, bamboo forest, 2400–3650 m. Voucher: Adamson J 493 , Hedberg 4555 (EA), Wesche K 1170 (EA), Bogdan A 5409 (K), George Taylor 3474 (NHMUK), Lye, Katende & Swinscow 5741 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa (Mt Elgon).**Carexerythrorrhiza Boeckeler – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Streamside, heath zone, rock outcrops, 2400–3500 m. Vouchers: Bogdan 5425A, 5425B (EA), Thomas AS 2667 (EA), Wesche K 1947 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E DR Congo and N Tanzania.Carexfischeri K.Schum. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist Forest, Hagenia and bamboo zone, 21500–4300 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3465 , Lisowski S 10936 (BR). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central and E Tropical Africa.Carexjohnstonii Boeckeler – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 2200–3300 m. Vouchers: Tothill BH 2266 (EA), Bogdan A 4130 (K), Smith SAL 185 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Carexlycurussubsp.scabrida (Kük.) Verdc. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy grassland, riverine montane forest, 2350–3300 m. Vouchers: Haines 4154 (EA), Bogdan 3935 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon, E Central, Tropical Africa (Mountains).Carexmannii E.A.Bruce – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps in upland forest, 2450–3100 m. Vouchers: Liebenberg L 1708 (US), Dummer RA 3459 (US). Native distribution range: Bioko, SW Cameroon, Ethiopia to Burundi and Kenya.Carexmonostachya A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine bushland, forest, moorland, upper bamboo forest, 2700–4321 m. Voucher: Hedberg 127 (K). Native distribution range: N Ethiopia to Tanzania (Mt Kilimanjaro).Carexpetitiana A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, bamboo forest, grassland, heath by streams, 2400–3450 m. Vouchers: Wood G 121 (EA), Bogdan A 4088 (K), 5388 (K), 4129, Hedberg O 192 (K), 192 (K), Haines W 4164 (K), Trelawny BR 4343 (K), Mwangangi OM 373 (BR). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Cameroon, Ethiopia to Zimbabwe.Carexrunssoroensis K.Schum. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland, 2700–4100 m. Vouchers: Liebenberg L sn (US), Dummer RA 3361 (US), Bogdan 3934, 5413 (EA), Haines 4156 (EA). Native distribution range: NE DR Congo to Kenya (Mountains).*Carexsimensis Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy grassland, montane forest, moorland, 1850–3900 m. Vouchers: Lugard 680 (EA), Herdberg 1043 (EA), Wesche K 1809 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E DR Congo.Carexsteudneri Boeckeler – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, montane bushlands, bamboo zone, rock crevices, woodland, 2300–3050 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Cyperusalatussubsp.albus (Nees) Lye – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry bushlands, 500–2500 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Seychelles.Cyperusalbosanguineus Kük. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally wet grassland, moorland, seepages in rock crevices, 1550–4000 m. Vouchers: Granvik H 323 (S), Wood G 146 (EA), Hedberg O 43 (K). Native distribution range: South Sudan to E Tropical Africa.Cyperusamauropus Steud. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry rocky grassland, 500–2000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Zimbabwe, Arabian Peninsula.Cyperusaromaticus (Ridl.) Mattf. & Kük. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Streamside, forest margin, wet grassland, 1950–2400 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean.Cyperusassimilis Steud. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Streamside, seasonal pools, rock outcrops, 250–2100 m. Voucher: Lind EM 236 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, Madagascar.Cyperusboreochrysocephalus Lye – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry wooded grassland, 1000–2200 m. Voucher: Mabberley 1128 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to NW Tanzania.*Cyperusbracheilema (Steud.) Mattf. & Kük. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, 1500–3400 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Tanzania, S Africa.Cyperusbrevifolius (Rottb.) Endl. ex Hassk. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy grassland, forest margins, 1600–3000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.Cyperuscostatus Mattf. & Kük. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry rocky grassland, 1250–2900 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S. Tropical Africa.Cyperuscyperoides (L.) Kuntze – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, 100–2200 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa to Pacific.Cyperusderreilema Steud. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist montane forest, bamboo forest, along streams, 2100–3050 m. Voucher: Wesche K 627 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Malawi.Cyperusdistans L.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist site, streamside in forest edges, cultivation, 1800–2100 m. Voucher: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.Cyperuselegantulus Steud. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, riverine edges, moist forest margins, 1100–3050 m. Voucher: Beentje HJ 1961 (WAG). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa to Arabian Peninsula.Cyperusfischerianus Schimp. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist montane, riverine forest, 1750–2650 m. Voucher: Lye & Katende 6410 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Tropical Africa.Cyperusisolepis (Nees ex Arn.) Bauters – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1750–2000 m. Voucher: Gilbert & Mesfin 6549 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Cyperuskarisimbiensis (Cherm.) Kük. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, alpine streamsides, 1850–3050 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical African Mountains.*Cyperuskerstenii Boeckeler – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine moor, montane grassland, 2500–3600 m. Voucher: Lye 5750 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to E Tropical African Mountains.*Cyperusluteus Boeckeler – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest plantation, 2400–3600 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: SW Cameroon, Gabon, Uganda to Malawi, W Indian Ocean.Cyperusmapanioides C.B.Clarke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest paths, 900–1800 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Cyperusmaranguensis K.Schum. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, swampy grasslands, cultivations, 800–2150 m. Voucher: Lye & Katende 6423 (EA). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to Tanzania.Cyperusmelanospermus (Nees) Valck.Sur. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy grassland, streamside, 1000–2000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Old World.Cyperusmicroaureus Lye – Habit: clustered annual. Habitat: Bushlands, wet rocky outcrops, grassland, 1750–1950 m. Voucher: fide Haine & Lye,Napper (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Zambia.Cyperusmollipes K.Schum. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grasslands, 2100–2750 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Central African Republic to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa, India to Thailand.Cyperusniveus Retz. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland in rocky pockets, 100–2200 m. Voucher: Hedberg O 813 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical and S Africa to S Central China.Cyperusniveusvar.leucocephalus (Kunth) Fosberg – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry grassland, recently burnt areas, 0–2100 m. Voucher: Dale IR 4117 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Aldabra, S Madagascar, Arabian Peninsula.Cyperusplateilema (Steud.) Kük. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Mountain grassland, giant heath zones, roadside, moist forest, 1750–3650 m. Vouchers: Bogdan 5398 (EA), Wesche K 544 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to N Tanzania, Yemen (J Ta’kar).Cyperusplatycaulis Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet areas, swamps in bamboo zone, 1000–3000 m. Voucher: Naiga 419 (EA). Native distribution range: Chad to South Africa, Madagascar.Cyperusrigidifolius Steud. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, bushlands, wet grassland, 1800–2100 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1030 (EA), Dummer RA 3627 (US), Padwa JH 31 (WAG). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Cyperusrubicundus Vahl – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, rocky wooded grassland, 0–2300 m. Voucher: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: Africa to India, Lesser Sunda Islands to N Australia.Cyperussesquiflorus(Torr.)Mattf. & Kük.subsp.sesquiflorus – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upper forest levels, 1300–3300 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.Cyperususitatus Burch. ex Roem. & Schult. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky slopes and outcrop, flooded grassland, 800–2150 m. Voucher: Lye & Katende 6422 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Ficiniagracilis Schrad. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, moorland, alpine grassland, 2400–4321 m. Voucher: Smith, Beentje & Muasya 179 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to S Africa.Isolepiscostata Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, stream banks, seepage area, 1700–3500 m. Vouchers: Lisowski S 10799 (EA), Dummer RA 3543 (US). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa, Madagascar.Isolepisfluitans (L.) R.Br. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, on or in shallow water, bog, 1200–3700 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3501 (US), Hedberg O (UPS). Native distribution range: Old World.Isolepisgraminoides (R.W.Haines & Lye) Lye – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine bogs, 3200–3500 m. Vouchers: Hamilton 1418, 4319, Forbes 277 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa .**Isolepissetacea R.Br. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet open grassland, 2400–3800 m. Vouchers: Haines 4151, Dummer RA 3494 . Native distribution range: Temperate & Subtropical Eurasia, Africa.Scleriawoodii C.B.Clarke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, 1000–2100 m. Vouchers: Lugard C Mrs 667B, 667A (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.1 Genus, 2 speciesDioscoreaquartiniana A.Rich. – Habit: Climber. Habitat: Bushland, wooded grassland, 1750–2300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1404 (EA), Snowden JD 520, 910 (K), Lugard C 674 (K), Lye KA; Pócs T 23134 (K), Tweedie DR O 205 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Dioscoreaschimperiana Hochst. ex Kunth – Habit: Twinning herb. Habitat: Forest margin, wooded grassland, riverine forest, 1600–2150 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 1839 (K), 2845 (K) 2847 (K), Irwin PH 185 (K), Jack C 274 (K), Coll S 453 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.1 Genus, 3 speciesEriocaulonabyssinicum Hochst. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Mist zone of waterfall, wet grassland, 1650–2750 m. Vouchers: Lind EM 247 (EA), Wood 446 (EA). Native distribution range: N. Nigeria to Eritrea and S Africa, Madagascar.Eriocaulonmesanthemoides Ruhland – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upper edge of forest, montane grassland, moorland, 2400–3150 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to Malawi.Eriocaulonschimperi Körn. ex Ruhland – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Afroalpine grassland, bamboo zone, 2440–3500 m. Voucher: Hooper SS & Townsend CC 1392 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Malawi.3 Genera, 3 speciesLagarosiphonhydrilloides Rendle – Habit: Aquatic herb. Habitat: Still or flowing fresh water, 1650–3500 m. Voucher: Lugard EJ; Lugard C 534 (K). Native distribution range: Kenya to Uganda.**EXNajaspectinata Magnus – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Senegal to Sinai.Otteliaulvifolia (Planch.) Walp. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland, streams, 1750–2700 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.1 Genus, 4 speciesHypoxisangustifolia Lam. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1300–3000 m. Voucher: Hedberg O (UPS). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean, SW Arabian Peninsula.Hypoxisfischeri Pax – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, wooded grassland, 1500–2600 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 822 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon, S Sudan to S Tropical Africa.Hypoxisobtusa Burch. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, swamp edges, 1750–2750 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Uganda to S Africa.EXHypoxisvillosa L.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Burnt grassland, 1700–2300 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: S Africa.8 Genera, 17 speciesAristeaabyssinica Pax ex Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, woodland, upper edge of forest, grassland, 1400–3800 m. Voucher: Mwangangi OM 363 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Aristeaalata Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grass glades, forest edges, bamboo edge, 1800–3500 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0125 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Aristeaangolensis Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, 1700–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Dieramacupuliflorum Klatt – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, heath, 2000–3900 m. Vouchers: Adamson J 451 (K), Ludanga RI 337 (K), Dummer RA 3315 (EA), Tothill BH 2422 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0136 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Malawi.EXDieramapendulum Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland, 3150–4321 m. Voucher: Svein Manum (O). Native distribution range: South Africa.Dietesiridioides (L.) Sweet ex Klatt – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Thickets, riverine forests, 1500–2300 m. Voucher: Tweedie 165 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Freesialaxa (Thunb.) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky Mountain slopes, forest margin, 1800–2000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: W Kenya to S Africa.Gladiolusdalenii Van Geel – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet upland grassland, 1750–3100 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar, SW Arabian Peninsula.Gladiolusdichrous (Bullock) Goldblatt – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rocks on cliffs, 2000–3500 m. Vouchers: Saunders & Hancock 34 (EA), Lankester CH sn (K). Native distribution range: South Sudan to W Kenya.Hesperanthapetitiana Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Subalpine, alpine grassland, 1800–4000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 42, 9, 121 (EA), Bickford N 53, 34 (EA), J. Wilson 1196 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Ethiopia to Zimbabwe.Moraeaafro-orientalis Goldblatt – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grasslands, 1400–2400 m. Vouchers: Friis I; Hansen OJ 2568 , Lugard EJ; Lugard C 573 (K), Adamson J 513 (K), Wesche K 1318 (K), Bridson DM 64 (K), Polhill 411 (K). Native distribution range: South Sudan to E Tropical Africa.*EXMoraeacarsonii Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open short grassland, outcrop rock, 1600–2400 m. Voucher: Polhill R 411 (K). Native distribution range: Sudan to W Botswana.Moraeastricta Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky grasslands, 1600–3000 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0021 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.EXMoraeavegeta L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: South Africa.Romuleacamerooniana Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, upper edge forest, wet grassland and subalpine stony soils, 1750–3150 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon, S Ethiopia to S Africa.Romuleacongoensis Bég. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine grassland, mossy seeps, 3300–4200 m. Vouchers: Hamilton & Perrott 30 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Rwanda.Romuleafischeri Pax – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet upland and subalpine stony grassland, 2700–4200 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 2051 (K), Snowden JD 470 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0108, SAJIT-PR 0126 . Native distribution range: NE Tropical Africa to Uganda, Socotra, SW Arabian Peninsula.2 Genera, 6 speciesJuncuscapitatus Weigel – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Ephemeral wetland, 4000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Europe to Kazakhstan, Macaronesia, Mediterranean to Kenya, Cameroon, S Africa.Juncusdregeanus Kunth – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine forest, streamside, moor grassland, bog, 2900–3400 m. Vouchers: Lye KA, Katende A & Swinscow D (UPS). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Sudan and S Africa.Juncuseffusus L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland marshes, 1500–3300 m. Voucher: Hedberg 180 (EA). Native distribution range: Temperate Northern Hemisphere to W South America, Rwanda to S Africa, W Indian Ocean.Luzulaabyssinica Parl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet alpine forest, streamside, seepages, 2000–4300 m. Vouchers: Bogdan 4139, Ekkens DB 623 (EA), Mwangangi OM 350 (EA), Svein Manum 44 (O). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E & E Central Tropical Africa.Luzulajohnstonii Buchenau – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine wet grasslands, 2400–4200 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 213 (EA), Dummer RA 3548 (EA), Bogdan A 4128 (EA), Hedberg O 975 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Luzulamanniisubsp.gracilis (S.Carter) Kirschner & Cheek – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, wet places, by streams, moorland, 2700–3700 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 186 (EA), Dummer RA 3545 (EA), Liebenberg 1704 (EA), Wood GHS 126 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa (Mt Elgon).**31 Genera, 114 speciesAerangisluteoalba Schltr. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Moist shady forest, woodland, 1500–2330 m. Voucher: Gerh. Lindblom (S). Native distribution range: W Central & E Tropical Africa to Ethiopia.Aerangisthomsonii Schltr. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Upland Forest, woodland, forest, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 809 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 468 (EA), (K), Tweedie 30 (K). Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Aerangisugandensis Summerh. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Forest trees, 1330–2300 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 879 . Native distribution range: E DR Congo to Kenya.Angraecopsisgracillima (Rolfe) Summerh. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Woodland, evergreen forest, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 505 (EA), Snowden JD 202 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to Zambia.EXAngraecopsistenerrima Kraenzl. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tanzania.Angraecumerectum Summerh. – Habit: sub-epiphytic herb. Habitat: Riverine Forest, 1350–2350 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa to Zambia.Angraecumsacciferum Lindl. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Shady Forest, 1650–2650 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 178 (EA), Tweedie EM 463 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0010 . Native distribution range: São Tomé to Kenya and S Africa.Anselliaafricana Lindl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, wooded grassland on rocks, tree roots, 1750–2350 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 12962 (EA), Snowden JD 942 (EA), Tweedie EM 553 (BR), Laan FM van der 1031 (WAG). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.EXArachnisflos-aeris (L.) Rchb.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest, 1000 m. Voucher: Adamson J (6) (EA). Native distribution range: S Indo-China to W Malesia and Phillipines.Bonateasteudneri T.Durand & Schinz – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest on rocks, Bushland, 1700–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: NE Sudan to South Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Brachycorythiskalbreyeri Rchb.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine Forest, upland rain forest, 1800–2350 m. Voucher: Bush RZ 244 (EA). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Kenya and Zambia.Brachycorythisovata Lindl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1200–2550 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 877 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Brachycorythisovatasubsp.schweinfurthii (Rchb.f.) Summerh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie 8 (EA). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Ethiopia and Tanzania.Brachycorythispleistophylla Rchb.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and edges of deciduous woodland, 2000–2700 m. Voucher: Chater-Jack 847 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Brachycorythispubescens Harv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, woodland, 2000–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 14 (K), Snowden JD 928 (AMES). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Bulbophyllumcochleatum Lindl. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Shady Forest, 1450–2400 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 940 (EA), Tweedie 47 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Bulbophyllumintertextum Lindl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist and riverine forest, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar, Seychelles.EXBulbophyllumjosephivar.mahonii (Rolfe) J.J.Verm. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Montane forest, 850–2100 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 923 (EA). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Malawi.Cynorkisanacamptoides Kraenzl. – Habit: herb. Habitat: Upland moorland, grassland, upland rain forest, 2250–3350 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 247 (EA), Tweedie 69/58 (EA), Tweedie EM 1191 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Cyrtorchisarcuata Schltr. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Woodland, wet savanna, open forest, 1750–3300 m. Vouchers: Symes YE 357 (EA), Chater-Jack 225 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 565 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0005 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Diaphananthelorifolia Summerh. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Forest, 1830–2330 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD sn (NMHUK). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Rwanda and Tanzania.Diaphanantheodoratissima (Rchb.f.) P.J.Cribb & Carlsward – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Forest trees, 1500–2430 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 31 (EA), Chater-Jack 36 (EA), Laan, FM van der 1066 (WAG). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Diaphananthesarcophylla (Schltr. ex Prain) P.J.Cribb & Carlsward – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Montane Forest, 1500–2400 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 880 (EA), Tweedie 559 (EA), Tweedie EM 482 (K). Native distribution range: Central & E Tropical Africa.Diaphananthevesicata (Lindl.) P.J.Cribb & Carlsward – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Montane moist forest, 350–2200 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 2481 (K). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Tanzania.Disaaconitoides Sond. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 2300–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 12954 (EA), Chater-Jack 244 (EA), Tweedie 66/147 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 594 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Disaaconitoidessubsp.concinna (N.E.Br.) H.P.Linder – Habit: Herb. Habitat: wet savanna, woodland, 1450–2850 m. Vouchers: Chater-Jack 244 (EA), Snowden JD 1086 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Disaerubescens Rendle – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grasslands, 1500–2850 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 66/148 (EA), Dale IR 3135 (AMES). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Disahircicornis Rchb.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 572 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Disascutellifera A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Damp grassland, grassy rocky slopes, 1800–2700 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 12953 (EA). Native distribution range: NE & E Tropical Africa.Disastairsii Kraenzl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine grassland, moorland, rocky areas 3000–4200 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 5446 (EA), 3 (EA), Adamson J 464 (EA), Tweedie EM 1807A (K). Native distribution range: Congo to E Tropical Africa.Disawelwitschii Rchb.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Damp grasslands, 1700–2000 m. Vouchers: Lindblom, S s.n. (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Disperisanthoceros Rchb.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen forest, bamboo forests on ground litter, 1800–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 560 (EA), Tweedie EM 2852(K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Disperisdicerochila Summerh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland moist forest in leaf litter, mossy branches, rocks, 1650–2830 m. Voucher: Sellow, Miss (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Disperiskilimanjarica Rendle – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dense shade forest on branches covered with moss and liverworts, 2300–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 920 . Native distribution range: Kenya to Zambia.Disperisreichenbachiana Welw. ex Rchb.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest floor on leaf mould, rock crevices, 1500–2330 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 9 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0012 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.EXEpidendrumibaguense Kunth – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, 1300–1750 m. Voucher: Webster MVB 9025 (EA). Native distribution range: Colombia to Trinidad and W Bolivia.Epipactisafricana Rendle – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverbanks in forest, bamboo forest, 2330–3750 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 149 (EA), Napper DM & Irwin D 1495 (EA), Mwangangi OM 426 (K), Tweedie EM 1091 . Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to N Mozambique.Epipogiumroseum Lindl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Leaf mold in wet forest floor, 1300–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie (Icon). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to SW Pacific.Eulophiacucullata (Afzel. ex Sw.) Steud. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1750–2300 m. Vouchers: Webster MVB 9037 (EA), Chater-Jack 231 (EA), Tweedie 67/57 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 596 (EA), Tweedie EM 5 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Eulophiaeustachya (Rchb.f.) Geerinck – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, 1650–2000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Zimbabwe.Eulophiaguineensis Lindl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, woodland, 1800–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 2586, 67/42 (EA), Tweedie DR 1 (EA), Chater-Jack 226 (EA). Native distribution range: Cape Verde, Tropical Africa to Botswana, Arabian Peninsula.Eulophiahorsfallii (Bateman) Summerh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open Forest, riverine, outcrop rock, 1500–2700 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 816 (EA), Symes YE 629 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Eulophialatilabris Summerh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally wet grassland, 1300–1600 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 876 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Sudan and Botswana.Eulophialivingstoneana (Rchb.f.) Summerh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1500–2350 m. Vouchers: Chater-Jack 230 (EA), 3314 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to South Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Eulophiamechowii T.Durand & Schinz – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, wooded grassland, 2000–2350 m. Voucher: Lugard 634 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to W Ethiopia and S Africa.Eulophiamontis-elgonis Summerh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland among rocks, 2000–2350 m. Vouchers: Dale IR 3109 (EA), Irwin PH 285 (EA), Tweedie 91 (EA), Chater-Jack 275 (EA), Lugard EJ 663 (EA) (K). Native distribution range: S Sudan to Tanzania.Eulophiaodontoglossa Rchb.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, rocky areas, 1750–2350 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 620 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Eulophiaorthoplectra (Rchb.f.) Summerh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, wooded grassland, swamp woodland, 1200–2350 m. Vouchers: Lugard 11 (EA), Gardner HM 2277 (EA), Chater-Jack 96 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Eulophiaruwenzoriensis Rendle – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1650–2530 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa to Zambia, E Bolivia to Brazil and NE Argentina.Eulophiastreptopetala Lindl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, bush, grassland, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Chater-Jack 87 (EA), 159 (EA), Tweedie DR 4 (EA), Tweedie 66/149 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Eulophiasubulata Rendle – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, seasonally wet grassland, 1100–1700 m. Voucher: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa to Angola.Habenariaaltior Rendle – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, streams, forest, 2000–3700 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 425 (EA), 429 (EA), Tweedie EM 727 (K), Tweedie 1266 (K). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.Habenariaattenuata Hook.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist upland forest, moorland, 2400–4000 m. Voucher: Tweedie 360 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Cameroon and Tanzania SW Arabian Peninsula.Habenariabracteosa Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Mountain forest, 2500–4000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 537 (K). Native distribution range: Bioko to Ethiopia and Tanzania.Habenariachirensis Rchb.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, swamps, wet rocks outcrop, 1850–2300 m. Vouchers: Chater-Jack 302 (EA), Symes YE 395 (EA), Tweedie 66/145 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and Tanzania.Habenariacornuta Lindl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1700–2700 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 523 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Habenariadecorata Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rock outcrop, upland moor, 2200–3300 m. Voucher: Thomas AS 642 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Uganda.Habenariafilicornis Lindl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Damp areas, grassland, woodland, 1200–2850 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 395(N19) (EA), Tweedie EM 321 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Habenariahologlossa Summerh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Damp grassland, open bushland, 1750– 3300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 469 (EA), Tweedie DR 201 (EA), 209 (EA), Tweedie EM 323 (EA), 324 (EA), 325 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya, Malawi, Angola.Habenariaholubii Rolfe – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, streamside, 1200–2300 m. Voucher: Chater-Jack 301 A (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to Namibia.Habenariahuillensis Rchb.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1200–2500 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 224 (EA), Tweedie 67/228 (EA), Tweedie DR 10 (EA), Symes YE 164 (EA), Tweedie 2671 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Habenariahumilior Rchb.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1200–2700 m. Vouchers: Symes 164 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0114 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Habenariakeniensis Summerh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, upland rainforest edges, 1950–2950 m. Vouchers: Tweedie in Bally 7619 (EA), Irwin PH 448 (EA), Tweedie 703 (EA), 387 (K), Tweedie EM 505a (K). Native distribution range: Kenya.*Habenarialaurentii De Wild. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, 1800–2100 m. Vouchers: Chater-Jack 310 (EA), 301B, Tweedie EM 630 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Habenarialindblomii Schltr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1800–2200 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 522 ,66 (K), Tweedie 2667 (EA), Tweedie EM 12951 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya to S Tropical Africa.Habenariamacruroides Summerh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, swamps 1700–2000 m. Voucher: Tweedie 32 (EA). Native distribution range: W Central & E Tropical Africa.Habenariamalacophylla Rchb.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland moist forest, grassland, forest, 1200–2700 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 63 (EA), Tweedie 17 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, S Arabian Peninsula.Habenariamicrosaccus Kraenzl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, forest, 2100–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 728 (K), 1725 (K). Native distribution range: Uganda to Burundi.Habenariandiana Rendle – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, 1700–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 404 (EA), Tweedie EM 471 (K). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa to Malawi.Habenariaperistyloides A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, marshes, 2000–2850 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 11 (EA), Tweedie 67/189 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to SW Arabian Peninsula.Habenariapetitiana T.Durand & Schinz – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest edges, 1700–3300 m. Vouchers: Lucas GLl & Williams JG 177 (EA), G. Ll. Lucas 177 (AMES). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and S Africa.Habenariaquartiniana A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, thick bush, forest edge, 2100–2850 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 702 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0133 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to Uganda.Habenariasplendens Rendle – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, forest margin, 1700–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie (EA), Symes YE 628 (EA), Chater-Jack 300 (EA), Snowden JD 913 (AMES). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Zambia.Habenariatweedieae Summerh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rock outcrop, woodland, 2200–2600 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 524 (EA), Tweedie DR 55 (EA), 25 (EA), Tweedie EM 680 (K). Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to Rwanda.Habenariavaginata A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Damp grassland, forest edges, 1300–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 12949 (EA), Tweedie 2672 (EA), Tweedie EM 507 (K). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Tanzania.Habenariawalleri Rchb.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy grassland, 1200–2300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 12946 (EA), 66/121 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Holothrixaphylla Rchb.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, forest, 1500–2600 m. Vouchers: Chater-Jack 253, 252 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Yemen.Holothrixelgonensis Summerh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, forest, 3300–3900 m. Vouchers: Lugard 379 (EA), Tweedie 199 (EA), Thomas 2682 (EA), Tweedie DR 31, 109 (EA), Tweedie EM 359 (EA), Lugard EJ 379 (EA), Lugard EJ; Lugard C 379 (K), Lugard EJ; Lugard C 379a (K). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa (Mt Elgon).**Kylicantherohrii (Rchb.f.) Descourv. & Farminhão – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Montane forest, 2100–3000 m. Vouchers: C Leaky 24 (EA), Tweedie 2015 , Snowden JD 921 (NHMUK). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Liparisbowkeri Harv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Mossy banks, forest trees, 1350–2700 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Liparisdeistelii Schltr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest on mossy banks on tree and tree fern trunks, 1700–2750 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 506 (EA), Tweedie EM 457 (K), Synge PM 980 . Native distribution range: W Central & E Tropical Africa to W Ethiopia and Malawi.EXPlatantheramicrantha Schltr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, upland moor, 2500–3000 m. Voucher: Lankester 13 (EA). Native distribution range: Azores.Platycorynecrocea Rolfe – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1300–2600 m. Vouchers: Dale IR 3137 (EA), Chater-Jack 255 (EA), Tweedie EM 12963 (EA), Symes YE 355 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 647 (EA), Tweedie 66/102 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and Zimbabwe.Polystachyaadansoniae Rchb.f. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Forest, woodland, 1650–2330 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 172 (EA), Chater-Jack 4818 (EA), Tweedie EM 12945 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Polystachyabella Summerh. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Forest trees, 1800–2350 m. Vouchers: Bush RZ 245 (EA). Native distribution range: SW Kenya.Polystachyabennettiana Rchb.f. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: wet savanna, woodland, dry forest, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Yohana 2523 (EA), Chater-Jack 215 (EA). Native distribution range: Ivory Coast to Eritrea and Zambia.Polystachyabicarinata Rendle – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Upland riverine forest, 1800–2830 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 960 , Tisdall 313 (MO), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0034 . Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Polystachyacaespitifica Kraenzl. ex Engl. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Forest, 1800–2700 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to Zimbabwe.Polystachyacampyloglossa Rolfe – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Dry Forest, 1700–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 1085 (K). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa to E Zimbabwe.Polystachyacultriformis Lindl. ex Spreng. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Forest near rivers, 330–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 7 (EA), Bamps PRJ sn (EA), Tweedie EM 556 (K). Native distribution range: Bioko to Ethiopia and S Africa, W Indian Ocean.Polystachyaeurychila Summerh. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Dry forest, 1830–2300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 555 (K), Eggeling WJ 2438 (K), Eggeling WJ 2438 , Meyer, H. 291 (K), Dummer RA 3679 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to NW Kenya.Polystachyalindblomii Schltr. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Forest, 1000–2330 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 470 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0009 . Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Polystachyasimplex Rendle – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Dry montane forest, 2000–2350 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 875 (EA), Tweedie DR 81 (EA). Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to E Zimbabwe.Polystachyaspatella Kraenzl. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Forest, 1600–2830 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 315, Major C & Lugard EJ 640 (EA), Bamps PRJ sn (EA), Tweedie EM 447 (K). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Polystachyasteudneri Rchb.f. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Dry forest, 1850–2500 m. Vouchers: Lugard 504 (EA), Snowden JD 959 (EA), Jack C 401 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Eritrea and Burundi.Polystachyatenuissima Kraenzl. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Upland forest, 1700–2500 m. Vouchers: Bush RZ 246 (EA), Hedberg O 303 (EA), Tweedie 2634 (EA), Tweedie DR 6 (EA), Tweedie EM 448 (K). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Uganda and N Tanzania.Polystachyatransvaalensis Schltr. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Upland forest, 1650–3350 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 20 (EA), sn (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan and S Africa.Porpaxrepens (Rolfe) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Riverine forest, 1950–2830 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 1066 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Rangaerismuscicola (Rchb.f.) Summerh. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Evergreen forest, woodland, 1700–2350 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 25 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 645 (EA), Chater-Jack 222 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Rhipidoglossumbrachyceras (Summerh.) Farminhão & Stévart – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Forest, 1700–2000 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3686 (EA), Snowden JD 900 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Rhipidoglossumpulchellum (Summerh.) Garay – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Dry forest, 1500–2330 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 571, 570A (K). Native distribution range: Central & E Tropical Africa.Rhipidoglossumsubsimplex (Summerh.) Garay – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Forest, 1850–2850 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0063 . Native distribution range: E & S Tropical Africa.Satyriumcarsonii Rolfe – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open grasslands, woodland, 1450–2330 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 161 (EA), Tweedie DR 8 (EA), Webster MVB 9031 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Kenya and Zambia.Satyriumcoriophoroides A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, rocky slopes, 1700–2800 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa.Satyriumcrassicaule Rendle – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, 1850–3300 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 922 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 424 (EA), Synge PM 820 (WAG), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0258 . Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and Zambia.EXSatyriumneglectumsubsp.woodii (Schltr.) A.V.Hall – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, 2150–3000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: South Africa.Satyriumrobustum Schltr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy grasslands, bog near streams, 1350–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 810 , Bickford N 14 (EA), Tweedie EM 837 (EA), Hedberg O 171 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.Satyriumsceptrum Schltr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: upland grassland, and open bushland, upper forest edge in damp places, 1500–2700 m. Voucher: Tylor in Tweedie 624 (2) (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Tropical Africa.Satyriumvolkensii Schltr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, open woodland, bushland, 2200–2700 m. Vouchers: Chater-Jack 245 in CM 4816 (EA), 246 (EA), Tweedie EM 12957 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 595 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Kenya and Zimbabwe.Sphyrarhynchusamaniense (Summerh.) Bytebier – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Shady montane forest, 1600–2300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 603 (EA), Carroll, EW (K). Native distribution range: Kenya to S Tropical Africa.Tridactylebicaudata Schltr. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Dry forests, riverine forest, 0–2500 m. Vouchers: Blancowe J sn (EA), Chater-Jack 104 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Tridactylescottellii Schltr. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Evergreen riverine forest, 2000–3000 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 903 (EA), Tweedie 88 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0106 . Native distribution range: Gabon to Kenya.Tridactyletridactylites Schltr. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Montane rain forest, 1000–1800 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 525 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Ypsilopusamaniensis (Kraenzl.) D’haijère & Stévart – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Dry forest, open woodland 1500–2350 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to Zimbabwe.50 Genera, 98 speciesAdenochloahymeniochila (Nees) Zuloaga – Habit: Herb. Habitat: River margins, moist meadows, 1000–3000 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 118 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Agrostisgracilifolia C.E.Hubb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland, highland grasses, 2800–4300 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 192 (EA), Bogdan 3934 (EA), Thomas AS 2671 (EA), Dummer RA (B) 3339, 3475 (US), Liebenberg LCC 1689 (K), Johnston HB 876 (K), Taylor Dr G 3709 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania.Agrostiskeniensis Pilg. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland forest edges, wet upland grassland, 2300–3000 m. Voucher: Tothill BH 2262 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Agrostiskilimandscharica Mez – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo, forest clearing, upland grassland, 2100–3700 m. Vouchers: Bodgan A 3930 (EA), Thomas AS 2718 (EA), Taylor G 3703 (K), Johnston HB 876 (K), Liebenberg LCC 1689 (K), Hedberg KO 4461 (BR), Dummer RA 3569 (US). Native distribution range: Congo to Ethiopia and Tanzania.Agrostisproducta Pilg. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest edges, wet upland grassland, 2400–3800 m. Voucher: Thomas AS 2685, 2712 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to Zimbabwe.Agrostisquinqueseta (Steud.) Hochst. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland, alpine heath, 3000–4000 m. Vouchers: Knight J 4501 (K), Ekkens DB 630 (EA), Bogdan A 3931 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and Tanzania.Agrostisvolkensii Stapf – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest edges, wet upland grassland, 3000–4300 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3339A (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Airacaryophyllea L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, moorland, 2100–4300 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3367 (EA), Bogdan 3399 (EA), Bogdan A 3941, 3945 (EA). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, Mediterranean to African Mountains, Europe to Caucasus, Tibet to W Himalaya.Andropogonamethystinus Steud. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine grasslands, montane grassland, moorland, 2000–4000 m. Vouchers: Bogdan A 4136 (EA), Liebenberg L 1686 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula, S India, Myanmar.Andropogonlima Stapf – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, dry moorland, 2400–4000 m. Vouchers: Katende T 911 (MO), Hedberg 260, Bie SW 275 (EA), Osterkamp M 111 (EA), Bogdan A 4497 (EA), Melderis 260 (EA), Hedberg O 869 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon, South Sudan to Malawi.Anthoxanthumnivale K.Schum. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, moorland, 2400–4800 m. Vouchers: Bogdan 3927 (K), 4494 (K), Liebenberg L 1701 (US), Hedberg O 191 (K). Native distribution range: NE DR Congo to E Tropical Africa.Arthraxonhispidus (Thunb.) Makino – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, 650–2600 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1209 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, W Indian Ocean, Asia to E Australia.Arthraxonprionodes (Steud.) Dandy – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky slopes, 1000–2000 m. Voucher: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: NE & E Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Afghanistan to China and Peninsula Malaysia.Avenellaflexuosa (L.) Drejer – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland moorland, 2600–4300 m. Vouchers: Bogdan3950 (EA), Hedberg O 931 (K). Native distribution range: Europe to Japan and Malesian Mountains, Macaronesia, NW & Tropical Montane Africa, Greenland to Central & E America, S South America to Falkland Islands.Brachypodiumflexum Nees – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland Forest shade, bamboo thickets, bushland, 2000–3000 m. Voucher: Bogdan 5389 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.EXBrizamaxima L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, cultivations, 2400–2700 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Macaronesia to Mediterranean.Bromusleptoclados Nees – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland forest edge, grassland, 2300–4300 m. Vouchers: Bogdan A 4121 (K), 5391 (K), 5408 (K), Wesche K 1977 (K), Mwangangi OM 351 (K), Johnston HB 859 (BR), Hedberg O 223 (K), Dummer RA 3342 (US). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Cenchrusgeniculatus Thunb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland pastures, old cultivation, roadsides, 1500–3500 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1181 (K). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Eritrea and S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Cenchrusriparius (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Morrone – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, cultivation, 1400–2600 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1214 (EA), 1227 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Cenchrustrisetus (Leeke) Morrone – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen forest, 1000–2800 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Zimbabwe.Cenchrusunisetus (Nees) Morrone – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, wooded grassland, 300–2300 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1244 , Maitland 1179 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Colpodiumhedbergii (Melderis) Tzvelev – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland moor, stream sides, 3580–4000 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 908 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia, Kenya.*Crinipeslongifolius C.E.Hubb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, forest edges, 1869–2400 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3643 (EA), Thomas AS 296 , 2572 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia, South Sudan to Uganda.Cymbopogongiganteus Chiov. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, wooded grassland, 0–2300 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1246 (EA), Maitland 1179 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to Botswana, Madagascar.Cynodonnlemfuensis Vanderyst – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grasslands, 300–2300 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1218 (EA), Forbes LM 214 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.EXCynodontransvaalensis Burtt Davy – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Weedy places, roadside, 1500–2600 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1212 (EA). Native distribution range: S Africa.Deschampsiaangusta Stapf & C.E.Hubb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Streams in moorland, 3600–4300 m. Voucher: Bogdan 3937 (EA). Native distribution range: E Central Tropical Africa .*Deschampsiacespitosa (L.) P.Beauv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland, streambanks, 2900–4000 m. Voucher: Hedberg 860 (EA). Native distribution range: Subarctic & Temperate to Tropical Mountains.Digitariaabyssinica (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Stapf – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadside, grassland, grazing land, 0–3000 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1232 (K), 1022 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa to Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Peninsula Malaysia, New Guinea, SE Queensland.Echinochloapyramidalis Hitchc. & Chase – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, riverside, 0–2400 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1092 (US). Native distribution range: Africa to Arabian Peninsula.Eleusineafricana Kenn.-O’Byrne – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, in cultivation, 1300 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3655 (US). Native distribution range: Africa to Arabian Peninsula.EXEleusinecoracana Gaertn. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, in cultivation. Voucher: Snowden JD 1235, 1236 (US). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Socotra and Angola.Eleusineindica (L.) Gaertn. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, forest edges, 0–2070 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1110 . Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Eleusinejaegeri Pilg. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, forest clearings, bushland, 1800–3300 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3655 (MO), Wesche K 1555 (MO). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.*Elionurusmuticus (Spreng.) Kuntze – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open bushland, 1400–2800 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1260 . Native distribution range: S Tropical America, Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Eragrostisexasperata Peter – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist grassland, rock outcrop, 300–2300 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to S Tropical Africa.Eragrostisheteromera Stapf – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, old cultivations, water logged soils, 1200–3000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.Eragrostishispida K.Schum. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy places, rock outcrop seepage, 1000–2600 m. Vouchers: Hemp A (W), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0019 . Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Tropical Africa.Eragrostispaniciformis (A.Braun) Steud. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, streamsides, swamp grassland, 1300–2600 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ & Lugard C 604 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to Zambia.Eragrostisracemosa Steud. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry grassland, 1200–2300 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar.Eragrostisschweinfurthii Chiov. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1300–3000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Malawi, SW Arabian Peninsula, Sri Lanka.Eriochloabarbatus (Trin.) S.Yadav & M.R.Almeida – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Depressions in swampy areas, 0–1800 m. Voucher: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar, Arabian Peninsula.Exothecaabyssinica Andersson – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland, montane grassland, 2000–4000 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 128 (EA), Mwangangi OM 355 (EA), Stein W Bie (UPS). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Tropical Africa, Indo-China.Festucaabyssinica Hochst. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest edges, moor, 2800–4300 m. Vouchers: Dale JRD (EA), Wilson J 1227 (K), A Thomas Th644 (US). Native distribution range: Gulf of Guinea Islands to Cameroon, Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Festucabromoides L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, forest edges, 2300–3900 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3778 (EA). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, Europe to Caucasus, Sahara to Kenya, SW Cameroon, SW Arabian Peninsula.EXFestucacamusiana St.-Yves – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland forest, bamboo tickets, 2100–3500 m. Vouchers: Bogdan 5386 (EA), Dummer RA 3506 (EA). Native distribution range: Madagascar.Festucachodatiana (St.-Yves) E.B.Alexeev – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest edge, grassland, bamboo thickets, 2100–3500 m. Voucher: Bogdan 5386 (EA). Native distribution range: Gulf of Guinea Islands, SW Cameroon, South Sudan (Imatong Mountains), Central Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Festucaclaytonii E.B.Alexeev – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland of Elgon, above 2500 m. Voucher: Thomas SA 2727 (K). Native distribution range: Kenya.**Festucamekiste Clayton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: upland forest, 2300–3000 m. Voucher: Bogdan 5390 (EA). Native distribution range: Bioko, SW Cameroon, Ethiopia.Festucaobturbans St.-Yves – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland moor, 2400–4000 m. Voucher: Mwangangi OM 312 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya to Tanzania, Yemen.Festucapilgeri St.-Yves – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry upland moor, 2700–4250 m. Vouchers: Liebenberg 1699 (EA), Thomas AS 2729 (EA), Bogdan A 3942 , Wesche K 257 , Hedberg KO 1006 , HB Johnston 870 (US). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa (Mountains).*Festucasimensis Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland Forest shade, bamboo thickets, 2000–3300 m. Voucher: Bogdan 5402 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and N Tanzania.Hyparrheniacymbaria Stapf – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, forest, 1000–3000 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1217, 1162 (US). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Eritrea and S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar, India.Hyparrheniadregeana Stapf ex Stent – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grazed grasslands, 2000–2600 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Hyparrheniamobukensis Chiov. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Subalpine forest, bamboo zone, 2500–3300 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3498 (EA), Thomas AS 2664 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Hyparrheniarufa Stapf – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushlands, wooded grasslands, 0–2300 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1029, 1102 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean, S Central China to Indo-China.Hyparrheniaschimperi Andersson – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open moist bushland, wooded grassland, 700–1700 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1168 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa, Madagascar.Hypertheliadissoluta (Nees) Clayton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, wooded grassland, 0–2400 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1173 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Koeleriacapensis Nees – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, moorland, 1800–4300 m. Vouchers: Liebenberg 1696 (EA), Tothill BH 2434 (EA), Granvik H (S), A Bogdan AB 3947 (US), Dummer RA 3341 (US). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Ethiopia to S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Koordersiochloalongiarista (A.Rich.) Veldkamp – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest floor, heath zone, bamboo clearing, 1500–3000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Africa, Jawa to Lesser Sunda Islands, Philippines.Loudetiasimplex (Nees) C.E.Hubb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky dry woodland, wooded grassland, 1000–2600 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1242 (US), Hemp A (W). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Melinisrepens (Willd.) Zizka – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky grassland, 0–2500 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1090 . Native distribution range: Africa to Arabian Peninsula.Micrachnepatentiflora (Stent & J.M.Rattray) P.M.Peterson – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally flooded shallow soils, 1400–2300 m. Voucher: Bogdan 4075 . Native distribution range: Kenya to Botswana.Microchloaindica (L.f.) P.Beauv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, bushland, 800–1600 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World to N Australia.Moorochloaeruciformis (Sm.) Veldkamp – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, 500–2200 m. Voucher: Strange R 70 (EA). Native distribution range: Mediterranean to Indo-China and Africa.Oldeaniaalpina (K.Schum.) Stapleton – Habit: Herb (bamboo). Habitat: Montane forest, 2400–3000 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3508 , Eggeling W 2472 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Zambia.Oplismenushirtellus (L.) P.Beauv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen Forest, 0–2500 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1213  1230 (US). Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.Oxytenantheraabyssinica Munro – Habit: Herb (bamboo). Habitat: Grassland, woodland, thickets, 2400–3000 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1051 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Panicumchionachne Mez – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 1000–3000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Tropical Africa.Panicumhochstetteri Steud. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 1600–3300 m. Vouchers: Thomas AS 2665 (EA), Dummer RA 3567 . Native distribution range: Sierra Leone to Eritrea and Tanzania.Panicummonticola Hook.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest shade, 600–2800 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and South Africa.Panicumpusillum Hook.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, bushland, 1350–3000 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3551 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Pentamerisborussica (K.Schum.) Galley & H.P.Linder – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, moorland, 3000–4680 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3379 (EA), Thomas AS 2686 (EA), Wesche K 238 (K), 237 (K), Thomas AS 2686 (K), Bogdan A 3939 (K), Nouga 133 (K), Lisowski S 10468 ((BR), Katende 878 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Pentamerisminor  Galley & H.P.Linder – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland, open grassland, moorland, 3000–4800 m. Voucher: Bodgan 4499 (EA), Bogdan A 3946, AB3940, AB4123 (K), Thomas AS 2721 , Hedberg O 4487 (K), Lisowski S 10468 (K), Dale IR 3189 (K), Mwangangi OM 314 (K), Knight J 4499 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Pentamerispictigluma (Steud.) Galley & H.P.Linder – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, montane path side, 2600–4300 m. Vouchers: Wood GH 160 (EA), Wesche K 316 (K), 310 (K). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Ethiopia to Tanzania, Yemen.Poaannua L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland path sides, 2000–3550 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Temperate Old World to Tropical Mountains.Poaleptoclada Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest edges, upland grassland, heath, moor, 1800–4300 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 1028 (NHMUK), Dummer RA 3524 (US), Liebenberg L 1697 (US). Native distribution range: Bioko to Eritrea and S Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Poaschimperiana Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Stream sides, moorland, 2300–4300 m. Vouchers: Bogdan A 3933 (BR), (K), Wesche K 1335 (K), Liebenberg L 1698 (S). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and Malawi, Arabian Peninsula.Poecilostachysoplismenoides (Hack.) Clayton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Shady forest, 1000–2500 m. Vouchers: Katende AB; Sheil 2290 (K). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Kenya and S Tropical Africa.Polypogonschimperianus (Hochst. ex Steud.) Cope – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, moorland, 1500–4000 m. Voucher: Hedberg 3580 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Pseudechinolaenapolystachya (Kunth) Stapf in Prain – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland forest shade, 1000–2500 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1183 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.Pseudobromusafricanus Stapf – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo thickets, upland forest, 2100–2700 m. Voucher: Bodgan 2832 (EA). Native distribution range: Sudan to S Africa.Setariasphacelata Stapf & C.E.Hubb. ex M.B.Moss – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grasslands, swamps, riversides, 0–3300 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1103 , 1194 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Sporobolusnervosus Hochst. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grazed bushland, 300–1830 m. Voucher: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: Mauritania, Ethiopia to Tanzania, S Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Pakistan.Sporobolusolivaceus Napper – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, moorland, 2300–4000 m. Vouchers: Bogdan 3948, Dale in FD 3190 (EA), Liebenberg 1717 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Zambia.Sporoboluspaniculatus T.Durand & Schinz – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, bushland, wooded grassland, 1000–2000 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1239 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Sporoboluspyramidalis P.Beauv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed grassland, 2000–3000 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1097 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical America, Africa to Arabian Peninsula.Sporobolusscitulus Clayton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rare in swampy rock outcrop, at 2500 m. Voucher: Bogdan A AB 4072 (K). Native distribution range: Uganda to Kenya.*Sporobolusstapfianus Gand. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushlands, 500–2400 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Niger to Ethiopia and S Africa, Madagascar.EXStipadregeana Steud. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland forest shade, roadside, 2000–2600 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: South Africa.Themedatriandra Forssk. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 0–3000 m. Voucher: Hedberg O 1060 , Tweedie 21 (EA), Snowden JD 1220, 1171 (US). Native distribution range: Africa, Tropical & Subtropical Asia to Australia.Tripogonmajor Hook.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland rocky grassland, 1200–3700 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1187 (K), Bodgan 3932 , 5419 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0111 . Native distribution range: Sierra Leone, Nigeria to Ethiopia and Malawi, S India.Trisetopsisangusta (C.E.Hubb.) Röser & A.Wölk – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, 2300–2600 m. Voucher: Bogdan A (B). Native distribution range: Kenya, Yemen.Trisetopsismilanjiana (Rendle) Röser & A.Wölk – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland forest egde, bamboo thickets, 2300–3500 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Malawi, Madagascar.Trisetopsisumbrosa (Hochst. ex Steud.) Röser & A.Wölk – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland bamboo thickets, grassland, moor, 1850–4000 m. Vouchers: Bogdan 3929 (EA), 3936 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Urochloabrizantha (A.Rich.) R.D.Webster – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, wooded grassland, woodland, 300–2500 m. Voucher: Tweedie 20 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean, SW Arabian Peninsula.Urochloacomata (A.Rich.) Sosef – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, 600–2200 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1202 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Urochloajubata  Sosef – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushlands, swamp margins, 500–2900 m. Voucher: Jack C 20 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar.1 Genus, 2 speciesEXPotamogetonnodosus Poir. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Fresh water wetlands, 1510–4250 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cosmopolitan.Potamogetonrichardii Solms – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Fresh water wetlands, 1150–3450 m. Vouchers: Ross R 1346 . Native distribution range: Cameroon, Eritrea to S Africa, Central Madagascar.1 Genus, 1 speciesTyphalatifolia L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Permanent swamps, river, 1300–2200 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1223 (EA). Native distribution range: Temperate Northern Hemisphere to Colombia, W Bolivia to S South America, Nigeria to Kenya.1 Genus, 2 speciesXyriscapensis Thunb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland marsh, bogs, 1100–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World, Brazil.Xyrisstraminea L.A.Nilsson – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, outcrop rock, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Wood GHS 477 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.17 Genera, 45 speciesAcanthopalepubescens C.B.Clarke – Habit: Shrub or shrubby herb. Habitat: Wet montane forest, forest swamps, 1655–2790 m. Voucher: Dale IR 50 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Acanthuseminens C.B.Clarke – Habit: Woody shrub. Habitat: Forest margins, undergrowth of montane forest, scrub, thicket clumps in dump areas, 1500–2800 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 828 (EA), Bamps PRJ 6497 (WAG). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to South Sudan and Central Kenya.Acanthuspolystachius Delile – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane wet evergreen forest, woodland, forest margins, rocky hills, 1100–2800 m. Vouchers: Dale 50 (EA), James E sn (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to NW Tanzania.Barleriagrandicalyx Lindau – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry savanna, wooded grassland, acacia combraetum woodland, 1100–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Central African Republic to Ethiopia and Tanzania, Angola.Barleriaventricosa Hochst. ex Nees – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Forest undergrowth, woodland, thickets, in grassland, 1700–3590 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 131 (K), 838 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0218 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, Yemen.Crabbeavelutina S.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Acacia bushland, riverine forest, thickets, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1828 (EA). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to S Africa.EXDiclipteracolorata C.B.Clarke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Rwanda to N Malawi.Diclipteralaxata C.B.Clarke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, undergrowth mountain rain forest, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 828 (K). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and N Malawi.Diclipteramaculatasubsp.usambarica (Lindau) I.Darbysh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest margins, wooded grasslands, disturbed areas, montane and submontane forest, (1150 –)1300–2700(–3050). Vouchers: Dummer RA 3618 (EA), Naiga 505A (EA). Native distribution range: E Uganda to N Tanzania.*Diclipteranilotica C.B.Clarke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Recently burnt areas on roadsides and open woodland, short grassland, 1050–2350 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1524 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to W Kenya.*Diclipterapumila (Lindau) Dandy – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Short grassland, open woodland, recently burnt montane grassland, 1750–2850 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Dyschoristemulticaulis Kuntze – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed grassland, 1705–2400 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to E Central & E Tropical Africa, Yemen.Dyschoristeradicans Nees – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Low altitude grassland, 1750–2500 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (Ref). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Hygrophilaauriculata (Schumach.) Heine – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, wet savanna and open woodland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Indian Subcontinent to Indo-China.Hypoestesaristata (Vahl) Roem. & Schult. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest margins and clearings, open woodland, wet grassland, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 812 (K), 823 (K), 829 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Hypoestesforskaoliisubsp.hildebrandtii (Lindau) I.Darbysh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Dry grassland, bushland, forest edges, 1750–2820 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: NE Tropical Africa to Kenya.Hypoestestriflora Roem. & Schult. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest margins and undergrowth, forest clearings and grassland, 1600–3300 m. Vouchers: Dawkins 777 (EA), Tweedie EM 830 (K), Tweedie 886 (K), Vollesen K 682 (K), Townsend CC 2335 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0204 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula, Himalaya to China (Yunnan) and Indo-China.Isoglossagregorii (S.Moore) Lindau – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Higher montane forest, bamboo zone undergrowth, woodland, 1790–2900 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 587 (EA), Lye 25497 (EA), Mwangangi OM 453 (BR). Native distribution range: Kenya to E Zimbabwe.Isoglossalaxa Oliv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane Forest understory, clearances, secondary growth, 1750–2550 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Tanzania, Madagascar.Isoglossapunctata (Vahl) Brummitt & J.R.I.Wood – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane rain forest undergrowth, margin, secondary bushland, 1350–2750 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1896 (EA), Dale IR U89 (BR). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Isoglossasubstrobilina C.B.Clarke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane rain forest, woodland, 1600–2600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 891 (K), Napper DM & Tweedie EM 2128 (BR). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.Justiciaanagalloides T.Anderson – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland bushland, 1020–2500 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 512 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Justiciaanselliana T.Anderson – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Marshy grassland, 1300–1920 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Justiciacalyculata Deflers – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadside, lawn, grassland weed, 100–2200 m. Vouchers: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0014 . Native distribution range: NE Tropical Africa to N Tanzania, S Arabian Peninsula.Justiciadiclipteroides Lindau – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland edges, forest, 1300–2325 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0170 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Justiciaeminii Lindau – Habit: Shrubby herb. Habitat: Woodland and bushland on rocky hill, forest margin, montane grassland, riverine woodland, 1200–2100 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1723 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to S Tropical Africa.Justiciaexigua S.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, outcrop rock, 1720–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to South Africa.Justiciaflava Vahl – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open habitat, savanna, woodland, 1750–2500 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 674 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.EXJusticiainsularis T.Anderson – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Chad.Justiciastriata (Klotzsch) Bullock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Evergreen woodland edges, bushed grassland, 2000–2600 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 3673 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Justiciaunyorensis S.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Edges of montane rain forest, montane grassland, woodland, bushland, 2170–3100 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 3717 (EA), Bridson DM 67 (WAG). Native distribution range: Nigeria to SW Ethiopia and NW Tanzania.Lepidagathiscollina (Endl.) Milne-Redh. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Open fire prone grass, rocky outcrop, 1750–2170 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Eritrea and Kenya.Lepidagathisglandulosa Nees – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Open wooded grassland, woodland, 850–2350 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1370 (EA), Tweedie 1370A (K). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and Zambia.Lepidagathisscariosa Nees – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Wet savanna, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Dry Tropical Africa to Namibia, Arabian Peninsula, Madagascar.Mimulopsisalpina Chiov. – Habit: Woody herb. Habitat: Montane forest, bushland, bamboo forest, ericaceous zone, 1900–3300 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3464 (EA), Tweedie 1379 (EA), Dale IR 65 (BR), Thomas AS 2744 (BR), Mwangangi OM 391 (BR). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa to N Malawi.Mimulopsisarborescens C.B.Clarke – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Wet montane forest, bamboo forest, along clearings, gaps, streams, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Hancork 216/37 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya to E DR Congo, Mozambique.Mimulopsissolmsii Schweinf. – Habit: woody herb or undershrub. Habitat: Montane forest, bamboo forest, secondary forest, grassland, bushland, 1500–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 2234 (EA), Snowden JD 947 (EA), Tweedie EM 1090 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0222 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Monechmadebile Nees – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India.Nicotebabetonica Lindau – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Wet forest, riverside, 700–2200 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Indian Subcontinent.Phaulopsisimbricata (Forssk.) Sweet – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 53, Wesche K 1877 (K), Tweedie 803 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar, Réunion, SW Arabian Peninsula.Ruelliapatula Jacq. – Habit: Shrubby herb or subshrub. Habitat: Bushland, grassland, open places in forest, 1750–2100 m. Voucher: Polhill 402 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa to Indian Subcontinent to Indo-China.Thunbergiaalata Bojer ex Sims – Habit: Trailing or twinning herb. Habitat: Disturbed areas, secondary vegetation, wet forest, bushlands and thickets, woodland and forest, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Symes YE 380, 365 (EA), Lugard EJ 65, 52 (EA), Mwangangi OM 515 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Thunbergiabattiscombei Turrill – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Burnt grassland, wooded grassland, 1500–2500 m. Voucher: Mr and Mrs Tweedie 281 (BR). Native distribution range: South Sudan to Kenya.Thunbergiagregorii S.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grasslands, bushlands and forest edges, 1350–2300 (–2450). Voucher: Katende & Sheil 1921 (EA). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to Burundi and Tanzania.Thunbergiapaulitschkeana Beck – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushlands, montane forest, roadsides, 1450–2800 m. Vouchers: Lye & Katende 6407 (EA), Tweedie 3674 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0118 . Native distribution range: E & S Ethiopia to E Tropical1 Genus, 1 speciesZaleyapentandra (L.) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Succulent herb. Habitat: Woodland, grassland, waste places, cultivated ground, roadside, on alkaline soils, 800–2000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa to Israel and Arabian Peninsula, Pakistan to India.6 Genera, 12 speciesAchyranthesaspera L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, woodland, forest, 0–3080 m. Vouchers: Katende 1012 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Achyranthesasperavar.sicula L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Mist forest, cultivation or disturbed ground, hardpan patches between rocks, seasonal swamps, open grassland, along forest edges and trails, 0–3000 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3486 (EA). Native distribution range: Macaronesia to W Asia and Arabian Peninsula, Africa.EXAmaranthushybridus L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated weed, wet savanna, introduced, 1500–2600 m. Vouchers: Hooper SS; Townsend, CC 1380 (WAG). Native distribution range: S Ontario to W South America.Celosiaschweinfurthiana Schinz – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest ridges, clearings and margins, thicker forest, 0–1650 m. Voucher: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Chenopodiastrumfasciculosumvar.schimperi (Asch.) Mosyakin – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Weed in cultivated areas, waste places, evergreen upland forest, roadside, 1300–2600 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ 272 (MO), (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Tanzania.EXChenopodiastrummurale (L.) S.Fuentes, Uotila & Borsch – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1520–2750 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, Europe, Mediterranean to NE Tropical Africa and Sri Lanka.EXChenopodiumalbum L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Weed in cultivation, upland evergreen forest, 1650–2600 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Temperate Eurasia to Indian Subcontinent.Chenopodiumopulifolium Schrad. ex W.D.J.Koch & Ziz – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Weed of cultivation, upland evergreen forest, 1600–2300 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Europe, Mediterranean to Nepal, Eritrea to S Tropical Africa.Cyathulacylindrica Moq. – Habit: Shrubby herb. Habitat: Podocarpus-bamboo zone, forest edge and rocky scarps, 1300–3240 m. Voucher: Beentje HJ 1990 (WAG), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0179 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Cyathulauncinulata (Schrad.) Schinz – Habit: Prostrate or climbing herb or shrub. Habitat: Dense forest and forest edge, 1500–2900 m. Voucher: Stein W Bie (BOT), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0216 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Dysphaniaprocera (Hochst. ex Moq.) Mosyakin & Clemants – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, waste places, weed of cultivation, 1000–2800 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3630 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Zimbabwe, SW Arabian Peninsula.Dysphaniaschraderiana (Schult.) Mosyakin & Clemants – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2300 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 7 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0095 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Pakistan.3 Genera, 8 speciesLanneaedulis Engl. – Habit: Shrublet. Habitat: Deciduous woodland, wooded and open grassland, prone to fire and floods, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ivory Coast, W Ethiopia to S Africa.Lanneaschimperi Engl. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wooded savanna and deciduous woodland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Dale 3204 (BR). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Eritrea and S Tropical Africa.Ozoroainsignissubsp.reticulata (Baker f.) J.B.Gillett – Habit: Tree or shrub. Habitat: Wooded grassland, bushland, bushland, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1062 (EA), Goldschmidt W 17 (EA), Jarchner HM 6960 (EA) Chalufack W 281 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to Namibia.Searsialongipes (Engl.) Moffett – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Riverine Forest, wet savanna, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Ross R 1352 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Searsialongipesvar.elgonensis (Kokwaro) Moffett – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Upland bushland, forest edges, riverine associations, 1800–2600 m. Vouchers: Eggeling 5761 (EA), Jackson THE 312 , Lugard EJ sn . Native distribution range: Uganda to W Central Kenya.*EXSearsianatalensis (Bernh. ex Krauss) F.A.Barkley – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Deciduous and evergreen forest, riverine associations, forest edges, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Lugard 136 (EA), Taiti S 611 (BR). Native distribution range: Coastal Mozambique to South Africa.Searsiapyroides (Burch.) Moffett – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Wet savanna and woodland, 1750–2700 m. Vouchers: Jackson 326 (EA), Podwa SH 11 (EA), Jackson HE & Lugard EJ 326 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0035 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Searsiaruspolii (Engl.) Moffett – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Upland evergreen bushland, forest edges, riverine associations, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Dale IR 3195 (BR). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E DR Congo.2 Genera, 2 speciesAnnonasenegalensis Pers. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Evergreen Forest along riverine fringes, 1140–1800 m. Vouchers: Goldschmidt W 22 (EA), Snowden JD 1045(EA). Native distribution range: AfricaMonodoramyristica Dunal – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Evergreen forest of riverine fringing type, 1550–1650 m. Voucher: Childs- clarke B 337 (EA). Native distribution range: West Tropical Africa to SW Kenya and NW Angola.18 Genera, 25 speciesAfroligusticumaculeolatum (Engl.) P.J.D.Winter – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, woodland, 1900–3030 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 453 (EA), Tweedie EM 1897. Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical African Mountains.*Afroligusticumelgonense (H.Wolff) P.J.D.Winter – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest edges, glades, bamboo forest margins, damp grasslands, streamside, marshes in subalpine zones, 1640–3300 m. Vouchers: Tothill BH 2317 (EA), Tweedie 3409, Synge PM S1004 (BR), Tothill BH 2317 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa (Mountains).*Afrosciadiumkerstenii (Engl.) P.J.D.Winter – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Beside streams in montane zones, bamboo zone, 2700–4300 m. Vouchers: Thomas AS 2333 (EA), Naiga 74 (K). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical African Mountains.Alepideapeduncularis Steud. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, burnt areas, shallow soils, 1530–3600 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0139 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.EXAmmimajus L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed ground and cultivation, at 1680 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, Mediterranean to Iran and Arabian Peninsula.Anthriscussylvestris (L.) Hoffm. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo, forest zones, 2100–3970 m. Vouchers: Katende T; Sheil D 817 (K), Thomas AS 2746 (BR), Synge PM S951 (BR), Naiga 228 (K), Kisalye N; van Heist M 547 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0117 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Cryptotaeniaafricana Drude – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet montane forest floor, 1600–3000 m. Voucher: Hedberg O (BOT). Native distribution range: Nigeria to SW Ethiopia and Tanzania.Daucusincognitus (C.Norman) Spalik, Reduron & Banasiak – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest edges, grassland, 1600–3600 m. Vouchers: Agnew ADQ 7268 (MO), Tiyoy L 1481 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0037 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Daucusmelananthus (Hochst.) Reduron, Spalik & Banasiak – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, upper forest edge, forest glades, 1750–3600 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 445, 1953 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar, SW Arabian Peninsula.Ferulacommunis L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed areas of evergreen woodland, 1500–3720 m. Vouchers: Gillett JB 20955 (BR), Lugard EJ; Lugard C 425 (K). Native distribution range: Mediterranean to Arabian Peninsula and Tanzania.Haplosciadiumabyssinicum Hochst. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed places, alpine, upland grassland, 2150–4600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical African Mountains.Heracleumabyssinicum (Boiss.) C.Norman – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, forest margins, volcanic crater, burnt bushlands in the alpine zone, 1680–3790 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3712 (EA), Lugard EJ; Lugard C 425, Gillett JB 20953 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to N Malawi.Heracleumelgonense (H.Wolff) Bullock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine zones, marshes, open grassy woodland, 1080–4200 m. Vouchers: Clifford C Townsend CC 2327 (MO), Wesche K 1715 (MO), Tothill BH 2384 (MO), Dummer RA 3527 , Thomas AS 522 (MO), Hooper SS|Clifford C Townsend CC 1381 (MO), Gillett JB 18487 (BR), Tothill BH 1939 (EA), Synge PM 925, 1003 (MO), Taylor G 3439 (MO), Hedberg KO 217 (MO), Mwangangi OM 353 (BR). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical African Mountains.*Heteromorphaarborescensvar.abyssinica (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) H.Wolff – Habit: Herb, shrub or tree. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1423 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0088 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, Yemen.Lefebvreaatropurpurea (A.Rich.) P.J.D.Winter – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland pasture, disturbed places, scattered bushes, scrub, 1800–2600 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Uganda.Lefebvrealongipedicellata Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grasslands at forest edge, roadside and shades in upland forest, 1860–2250 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Uganda to Mozambique.Oenanthepalustris (Chiov.) C.Norman – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open waters and by streamside at or in forest edge, 1200–3260 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Oreoschimperellaaberdarensis (C.Norman) Rauschert – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed places of montane forest and stream edges, 2200–2910 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya.*Pimpinellahirtella A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated grounds, open forest, on stony rock ground, upland grassland, 1800–2850 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1285 (EA). Native distribution range: Guinea to Mali, Nigeria to Cameroon, Eritrea to N Tanzania.Pimpinellakeniensis C.Norman – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, swampy grounds, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 1177 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0185 . Native distribution range: Kenya to N Tanzania.Pimpinellalindblomii H.Wolff – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open montane forest, upland grassland, mountain slope, well-drained soil, 1530–2600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1177 (EA), Gerh. Lindblom sn (S). Native distribution range: Uganda to Kenya.*Pimpinellaoreophila Hook.f. – Habit: Stoloniferous herb. Habitat: Upper montane forest, Streams in bamboo forest, heath zone, alpine grassland, 3000–4100 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3313 (EA), Thomas AS 634 (EA), Hedberg KO 4500 (BR), Naiga 84 (K), Katende T; D Sheil 907 (K), Rose F 10203 (BR), Taylor G 3476 (EA), Tweedie DR 118 (EA). Native distribution range: Bioko, SW Cameroon, Ethiopia to N Tanzania.Saniculaelata Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Shady Forest floor of bamboo zone and adjacent forest, 1500–3220 m. Vouchers: Naiga 241 (K), Beentje HJ 1972 (WAG). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, W Indian Ocean, SW Arabian Peninsula, Tropical & Subtropical Asia.Steganotaeniaaraliacea Hochst. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.EXTorilisarvensis (Huds.) Link – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Along paths of upland forests, 1560–2850 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Europe to Central Asia and Pakistan, Macaronesia, N Africa to Arabian Peninsula.23 Genera, 39 speciesAsclepiasfulva N.E.Br. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, mixed deciduous woodland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 565 (K). Native distribution range: Uganda to S Africa.Aspidoglossumangustissimum (K.Schum.) Bullock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, openwoodland, marshy areas, 1200–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 918 (K). Native distribution range: Cameroon to South Sudan and Zimbabwe.Aspidoglossummasaicum (N.E.Br.) Kupicha – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grasslands, 1700–2800 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to NE Namibia.Carissaspinarum L. – Habit: Scrambling spiny shrub. Habitat: Forest edges, wet savanna, 1200–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa to Indo-China, Australia to New Caledonia.Ceropegiaabyssinica Decne. – Habit: Twiner herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, grassland, 1800–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 767 (K), Tweedie 819 (K). Native distribution range: Central African Republic to Eritrea and S Tropical Africa.Ceropegiacufodontii Chiov. – Habit: Climbing Herb. Habitat: Forest edge, rocky grassland and bushland, 1450–2350 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 865 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda.Ceropegiadenticulata K.Schum. ex Engl. – Habit: Twiner herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.Ceropegiafilicorona Masinde – Habit: Twiner herb. Habitat: Bushland in stony ground, 1750–1900 m. Voucher: Irwin PH 339 (K). Native distribution range: Kenya.**Ceropegiajohnstonii (N.E.Br.) Bruyns – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, rock outcrop, 1800–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 2017 (EA), Tweedie, M. 3979 (K), Tweedie 2137 (K). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Kenya.Ceropegiameyeri-johannis Engl. – Habit: Twiner herb. Habitat: Forest edge and clearing, thickets, woodland, 940–2500 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0090 . Native distribution range: Kenya to Zimbabwe.Cynanchumabyssinicum Decne. – Habit: Climbing shrub. Habitat: Upland rain forest edges, woodland, 2000–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 758 (K). Native distribution range: Eritrea to DR Congo and TanzaniaCynanchumaltiscandens K.Schum. – Habit: Climbing shrub. Habitat: Upland forest edges, 1700–2500 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to E DR Congo and E Tropical Africa.Cynanchumgonoloboides Schltr. – Habit: Woody climber. Habitat: Montane rain forest, 2400–3600 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 1256 (EA), Tweedie DR 2103 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0234 . Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to Rwanda and N Tanzania.Cynanchumviminale (L.) L. – Habit: Succulent twiner. Habitat: Wet savanna, outcrop rock, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean, Tropical Asia to AustraliaGomphocarpusfruticosus (L.) W.T.Aiton – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Upland grassland, 900–2900 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0124 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Gomphocarpussemilunatus A.Rich. – Habit: Shrubby herb. Habitat: Disturbed places, flooded grassland, roadside, 1500–2650 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and Zambia.Gomphocarpusstenophyllus Oliv. – Habit: Shrubby herb. Habitat: Grassland, disturbed or rocky soils, 1600–3050 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0244 . Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to TanzaniaHuerniakeniensis R.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 299 (K), Tweedie EM 236 (K), Jex-Blake, M. 8417 (K). Native distribution range: Kenya to Tanzania.*Landolphiabuchananii Stapf – Habit: Woody climbing shrub. Habitat: Forest near water, woodland, 1400–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie DR 3253 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Margarettarosea Oliv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, burnt montane grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Nigeria to South Sudan and S Tropical Africa.Marsdeniaangolensis N.E.Br. – Habit: Herbaceous or woody scrambler. Habitat: Moist forest, bushland, 700–1900 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1886 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Marsdeniaschimperi Decne. – Habit: Robust climber. Habitat: Secondary vegetation, upland forest edges, 1800–2650 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 736 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0103 . Native distribution range: Nigeria to Angola and SW Arabian Peninsula.Mondiawhitei Skeels – Habit: Climbing shrub. Habitat: Moist upland forest edges, disturbed forest, 1600–2000 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0193 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Orbeadummeri (N.E.Br.) Bruyns – Habit: Succulent herb. Habitat: Woodland, grassland, on rocky sandy soils, 1200–1650 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 1114 (K). Native distribution range: E DR Congo to E Tropical Africa.Pachycarpusbisacculatus (Oliv.) Goyder – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally waterlogged grassland, deciduous woodland, 0–2300 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 1198 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Pachycarpuseximius (Schltr.) Bullock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1600–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: South Sudan to Burundi and Tanzania.Pachycarpusgrantii (Oliv.) Bullock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1000–2000 m. Vouchers: E & C Lugard 570 (EA), Irwin PH 278 (EA). Native distribution range: S Sudan to NW Tanzania.Pachycarpuslineolatus (Decne.) Bullock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grasslands, 1000–2700 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to N Namibia.Pergulariadaemia (Forssk.) Chiov. – Habit: Herbaceous twiner. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Sinai to Arabian Peninsula, Iran to W Indo-China.Periplocalinearifolia Quart.-Dill. & A.Rich. – Habit: Woody climber. Habitat: Upland forest edges, 1900–2900 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 735 (BR). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Zambia.Raphionacmemadiensis S.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland on outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1119 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to S Tropical Africa.Rauvolfiacaffra Sond. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Woodland, forest, 1800–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Sabacomorensis (Bojer) Pichon – Habit: Scrambling or climbing bush. Habitat: Moist and riverine forest, 1750–2000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Secamonepunctulata Decne. – Habit: Climber or small shrub. Habitat: Thickets and riverine forest, 1500–2400 m. Voucher: Andersen R 139 (S). Native distribution range: Dry Tropical Africa to NW Namibia.Stathmostelmarhacodes K. Schum. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally wet and waterlogged grassland, 1500–2650 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: South Sudan to NW Tanzania.Tabernaemontanastapfiana Britten – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Moist Forest, 1400–2300 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 860 , Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0189 . Native distribution range: Uganda to S Tropical Africa.Vincetoxicumcaffrum Kuntze – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally burnt grassland, woodland, rocky slopes, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Lugard 618 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Vincetoxicumlugardiae (Bullock) Meve & Liede – Habit: Herbaceous twinning vine. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Lugard C 656 (K). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to Kenya.Xysmalobiumundulatum (L.) W.T.Aiton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, water logged depressions, roadsides, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.1 Genus, 1 speciesIlexmitis (L.) Radlk. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, forest, upper forest edge, 1750–3150 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 1521 (BR), Battiscombe 643, Dale IR 57 (EA), Ceae 10 (EA), Gardner HM 2250 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.4 Genera, 9 speciesAstropanaxabyssinicus Seem. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Upland rain forest, 1750–2770 m. Vouchers: St Clair-Thompson in Eggeling 3952 (EA), Dale IR 3097 (BR). Native distribution range: SE Nigeria and Ethiopia to Zambia.Astropanaxvolkensii (Harms) Lowry, G.M.Plunkett, Gostel & Frodin – Habit: Scandent shrub or tall tree. Habitat: Upland rainforest, 1600–3000 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3605 (EA), St Clair-Thompson in Eggeling 3958 (EA), Snowden JD 805 , Hedberg 162, Taylor G 3414 (BR). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Cussoniaarborea Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wooded grassland, forest, 300–2470 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 850 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Cussoniaspicata Thunb. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Upland rain forest, woodland, 1750–2550 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 937 , Eggeling WJ 2492 (BR). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Africa, Comoros.Hydrocotylemannii Hook.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Damp Forest floor, bamboo zone, 650–3000 m. Vouchers: Katende T; Sheil D 611 (K), van Heist, M. 578 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar.EXHydrocotyleranunculoides L.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Muddy streams, ponds and marshes, 700–2400 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: America.Hydrocotylesibthorpioides Lam. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Muddy and peaty stream banks, dump grasslands, upper forest zone and alpine, 1130–4000 m. Vouchers: Rose 10.177 (EA), Agnew ADQ & Agnew S 7277 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Polysciasfulva (Hiern) Harms – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Upland forest, riverine forest, grassland, 2250–3000 m. Voucher: St Clair-Thompson in Eggeling 3953 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Polysciaskikuyuensis Summerh. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Upland rain forest, 2250–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya.*68 Genera, 191 speciesEXAchilleamillefolium L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Weed or in cultivation, forest, woodland, roadsides, 1950 m. Voucher: Jack C 163 (EA). Native distribution range: Subarctic & Temperate Northern Hemisphere to GuatemalaEXAcmellacaulirhiza Delile – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest, Riverside grassland, 1750–3100 m. Vouchers: Mwangangi OM 475 (EA), Hedberg O 30 (S), Granvik H 78 (S). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean.EXAdenostemmacaffrum DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2300 m. Voucher: Lugard 574 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Africa, W Yemen.Adenostemmamauritianum DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, forest edge, stream banks, bamboo zone, 1300–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 921 (EA), Hedberg O 274 (BOT). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, W Indian Ocean.EXAgeratinaadenophora (Spreng.) R.M.King & H.Rob. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Montane forest and forest margins, bamboo zone, 1960–2600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 2679 (EA), Lavranos JJ;Newton I 17773 , Lye & Pocs 23135 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0211 . Native distribution range: Mexico.Ambassahochstetteri Steetz – Habit: Shrub, herb or small tree. Habitat: Bushland, forest, forest edges, 1000–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 705 (EA), Granvik H (S), Hedberg O 175 (UPS). Native distribution range: Congo to Ethiopia and Angola.Anisopappuschinensis (L.) Hook. & Arn. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, dump marshy sites, 1500–2500 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH hb (MNHN), Irwin PH 49 (S). Native distribution range: Sikkim to S China and Indo-China, Philippines.Anisopappuschinensissubsp.africanus (Hook.f.) S.Ortiz & Paiva – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2320 m. Voucher: Tweedie 825 (S). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Anthemistigreensis J.Gay ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane and Afroalpine grasslands, woodland, forest, moorland, 2500–4300 m. Vouchers: Thomas AS 598 (EA), Gillett JB 18464 (BR), Taylor G 3496 (S), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0146 . Native distribution range: NE & E Tropical Africa.EXArtemisiaafra Jacq. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane grassland, woodland, forest, moorland, 2000–4000 m. Vouchers: Kokwaro JO 2482 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 77 (EA), Tweedie D.R 126 (EA), Bickford N 39 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Aspiliakotschyi (Sch.Bip. ex Hochst.) Oliv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 010–1900 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & South Africa, W Yemen.Aspiliamossambicensis (Oliv.) Wild – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Ruderal sites, seasonal swamps, woodland, wooded grassland, 005–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, W Yemen.Aspiliapluriseta Schweinf. ex Engl. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, 1050–2600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Africa.Athrixiarosmarinifolia Oliv. & Hiern – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane or alpine grassland, forest clearing, 2600–3500 m. Voucher: Hedberg 4507 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Baccharoidesadoensis  H.Rob. – Habit: Woody herb or subshrub. Habitat: Grassland and wooded grassland, deciduous woodland, riverine and old cultivation, 800–2750 m. Voucher: Symes 239 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.EXBaccharoidescalvoanasubsp.leucocalyx (O.Hoffm.) Isawumi, El-Ghazaly & B.Nord. – Habit: Shrub, woody herb, rarely a tree. Habitat: Riverine, forest margin, bamboo forest margins, upland bushland, savanna, 1500–3000 m. Voucher: Tothill BH 2283 (EA). Native distribution range: Tanzania.Baccharoidesdumicola (S.Moore) Isawumi, El-Ghazaly & B.Nord. – Habit: Herb or small shrub. Habitat: Wet grassland, swamps, 1100–2300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 3677 (EA), Gilbert & Mesfin 6561 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Baccharoideshymenolepis (A.Rich.) Isawumi, El-Ghazaly & B.Nord. – Habit: Woody herb, shrub or tree. Habitat: forest and bamboo margins, upland bushland, savanna, 150–2950 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0215 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Kenya.Baccharoideslasiopus (O.Hoffm.) H.Rob. – Habit: Shrub or woody herb. Habitat: Forest clearings, margins, riverine thickets, secondary grasslands, old cultivations, 1100–2800 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Mozambique.Baccharoidespumila (Kotschy & Peyr.) Isawumi – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Burnt wooded grassland, wet grassland, 1750–1850 m. Voucher: Tweedie 124 (EA). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to South Sudan.Berkheyaspekeana Oliv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1800–3810 m. Vouchers: Lewis WH 5968 (US), Hedberg O (S), Holm Å 63 (S), Gerh. Lindblom sn (S). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and Tanzania.Bidensbiternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest margin, weed of cultivation, ruderal sites, 1750–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Bidensbuchneri Sherff – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Wooded grassland among rocks, 1450–2500 m. Vouchers: symes 219 (EA), Gerh. Lindblom (S). Native distribution range: South Sudan to Angola.Bidenselgonensis (Sherff) Agnew – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland and Erica bushland, 2500–4000 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 1680, 858 (EA), Lind EM 2099 (EA), Smith SA, Beentje HJ & Muasya A 163 (US), Taylor G 3586 (S), Dummer RA 3304 (S), Thomas AS 2689 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to Kenya.*EXBidensflagellata (Sherff) Mesfin – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1600–3300 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0116 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Burundi.Bidensgrantii Sherff – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, ruderal sites, 1100–2700 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Central & E Tropical Africa.EXBidenspilosa L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: wet savanna, woodland, 400–2500 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ 95 (EA), Hedberg O 17 (S), Holm Å 75 (S). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical America.Bidensternata (Chiov.) Sherff – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, bushland, forest clearing, 1500–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 394 . Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and Tanzania.Bothrioclineauriculata (M.Taylor) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Bamboo thickets, montane forest, 2700–3150 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3563 , Wesche K 164, 1252 (MO), Kisalye 270 (MO), Liebenberg 1584 (EA)), Tothill BH 2330 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda.**Bothrioclinefusca (S.Moore) M.G.Gilbert – Habit: Shrub or shrubby herb. Habitat: Roadside and disturbed places, 2000–3600 m. Vouchers: Kahuho SK 9 (K), Major EJ; Lugard C 370 (K), Smith SAL; Beentje HJ; Muasya AM 162 (K), Hedberg O 88 (K), Taylor G 3443 (S), Tweedie 2552 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0267 . Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa to Zambia.Bothrioclinelongipes N.E.Br. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Forest margin and clearing, Upland grassland, 1500–2800 m. Vouchers: Dawkins H 784 (K), Holm Å 71 (S), Granvik H 24 (S). Native distribution range: Gabon to Kenya and S Tropical Africa.Bothrioclinemonticola (M.Taylor) Wech. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Rare in margins of montane forest, 2550–3000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: South Sudan to Kenya.*Carduusafromontanus R.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest clearings, bamboo zones, 2350–3430 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3509 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya to Uganda.Carduuskeniensis R.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland, heath zone, 2950–4300 m. Vouchers: Muasya J & Berit Gehrke 144 (EA), Hamilton & Perrott 76/569 (EA), Tweedie R 39 (EA), 107 (EA), Liebenberg 1610 (EA), Dummer RA 3349 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.*Carduusleptacanthus Fresen. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, forest glades, margins, 1550–2450 m. Vouchers: Lugard 191 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Carduusnyassanus R.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, montane forest, wet disturbed ground, 1750–3350 m. Vouchers: Jack 343 (EA), Lewis WH 5972 (US). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa.Carduusnyassanussubsp.kikuyorum (R.E.Fr.) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, moorland, forest glades, bamboo margins, 1500–3450 m. Voucher: Tothill BH 2368 (EA). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Carduusschimperi Sch.Bip. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, alpine and subalpine zone, 1800–4100 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 103 (EA), Lisowski S 84147 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0232 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania.Carduusschimperisubsp.nanus (R.E.Fr.) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, moorland, 2250–4050 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 136 , Dummer RA 3311 (EA), Liebenberg 1602 (EA), Tothill BH 2328 (EA). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Centaureapraecox Oliv. & Hiern – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, grassland, wooded grassland, 1750–2600 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.EXChromolaenacorymbosa (Aubl.) R.M.King & H.Rob. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed grounds, wet savanna, 30–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Caribbean to French Guiana.EXChrysanthellumamericanum (L.) Vatke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Mexico  to Central America, Caribbean.EXCinerariadeltoidea Sond. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, grassland, forest edge, moorland, 1750–4300 m. Vouchers: Taylor G 3519, , 3440 (S), Adamson J 478, 498 (EA), Hedberg O 118 (S) 4484 (EA), 891, Ekkens DB 405 (EA), Morris 268 (EA), Synge PM S 1916, 1085 (S), Granvik H 163 (S), Tothill BH J T2427 (US), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0243 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Cirsiumbuchwaldii O.Hoffm. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy grassland, 1835–3050 m. Vouchers: Taylor G 3588 . Native distribution range: South Sudan to Zambia.EXCirsiumvulgare (Savi) Ten. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: In cultivation, 1790–2400 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0168 . Native distribution range: Europe to Siberia and Arabian Peninsula, NW Africa.Conyzaclarenceana Oliv. & Hiern – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, along streams, moorland subalpine marshes, 2300–3300 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Ethiopia, Gulf of Guinea Island, Kenya, Uganda, Zambia.Conyzanewii Oliv. & Hiern – Habit: Shrub or woody herb. Habitat: Forest, montane scrub woodland, 1750–3050 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3608 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, ZaïreConyzapallidiflora R.E.Fr. – Habit: Woody herb. Habitat: Disturbed areas of forest, woodland, 2000–3000 m. Vouchers: Major EJ & Lugard C 401 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0262 , Cheseny CMC 46 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya.Cotulaabyssinica Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Short alpine grassland, forest margin, heath zones, bamboo zone, 2100–3650 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3579 (EA), Thomas AS 536, 2704 (EA), Lye KA 5715 (EA), Beentje HJ 1944 , Hedberg O 945 (S). Native distribution range: Eritrea to E Central & E Tropical Africa.EXCotulaaustralis Hook.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: moist cultivation, 1200–2300 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Zimbabwe to S Africa, Madagascar, Australasia.Cotulacryptocephala Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rare along paths in alpine grassland, 3140–3800 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 996 (S), Hedberg O 4515 , Klotzli F et al. 1953 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Kenya.*EXCrassocephalumcrepidioides (Benth.) S.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest margins, secondary vegetation, 1700–2500 m. Voucher: Holm Å 70 (S). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Crassocephalummontuosum (S.Moore) Milne-Redh. – Habit: Herb or wooded shrub. Habitat: Clearing of montane forest, disturbed forest, bamboo zone, 1500–3260 m. Vouchers: Morrison 264 (EA), Dawkins HC 785 , Mwangangi OM 486 , 395 (EA), Jack C 156 (EA), Granvik H 329 (S). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Crassocephalumpaludum C.Jeffrey – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, grassland, 2250–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie 3646 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to Zambia.EXCrassocephalumpicridifolium S.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy grasslands, wet savanna, woodland, 1750–2700 m. Vouchers: Symes YE 345 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 190 (EA), Jack C 2 (EA), Wiltshire FM 19 (K), Tweedie 3577 (US), Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Crassocephalumrubens (Jacq.) S.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed cultivated areas, grassland, 1750–2500 m. Voucher: Lugard 439 (EA). Native distribution range: Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Crassocephalumrubensvar.sarcobasis (DC.) C.Jeffrey & Beentje – Habit: Herb. Habitat: disturbed cultivated areas, grassland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to South Africa, Comoros, Madagascar, SW Arabian Peninsula.Crassocephalumvitellinum S.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland clearing, forest, woodland, bushlands, 1500–2800 m. Voucher: Hedberg O 313 (S). Native distribution range: Nigeria to South Sudan and Zambia.Crepiscarbonaria Sch.Bip. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: heath zones, short montane grassland, 1350–4000 m. Vouchers: Morris MES 272 (EA), Battiscombe E 674 (EA), Hedberg O 848 (EA), Wesche K 1348 (K), Smith SAL; Beentje HJ; Muasya AM 166 (K), Tweedie 26 (K), Irwin PH 14 (K), Tweedie 2549 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Crepisdianthoseris N.Kilian, Enke, Sileshi & Gemeinholzer – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine zone by streamside, 3600–4300 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 434 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0239 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania.Crepisrueppellii Sch.Bip. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1600–3200 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 729. Native distribution range: NE & E Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Crepisschultzii Hochst. ex Oliv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Clearing in bamboo zone. Voucher: Tothill BH 2325 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Uganda.Dendrosenecioelgonensissubsp.barbatipes (Hedberg) E.B.Knox – Habit: Tree or shrub. Habitat: Upper afro alpine zone, 3750–4225 m. Vouchers: Gardener 2269 (K), Hedberg O 872 (K), Thomas AS 627 (K), Ekkens 622 (EA), Fairbairn G 3159 (BR), Synge P M 922 (BR), Dale A2/41 (EA), Eggeling 5753 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to Kenya (Mt Elgon).**Dendrosenecioelgonensis(T.C.E.Fr.)E.B.Knoxsubsp.elgonensis – Habit: Tree or shrub. Habitat: Upper Afromontane Forest, 2750–4200 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 370 (K), Tweedie DR 2 (K), Lugard & Lugard 699 (K), Osmaston HA 4017 (K), Porter 2732, Synge 888 (EA), Dale K 3211 (EA), Thomas AS 628 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to Kenya (Mt Elgon).**EXDendroseneciojohnstonii (H.H.Johnst.) B.Nord. – Habit: Tree or shrub. Habitat: Upper afro alpine zone, 2500–4000 m. Voucher: Fairbairn G 3159 (US). Native distribution range: Tanzania (Mt Kilimanjaro).Dichrocephalachrysanthemifolia (Blume) DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest and upper wet montane forest, 2200–3724 m. Vouchers: Morrison MES 270 (EA), Major EJ & Lugard C 241 (EA), Hedberg O 947 (S), Taylor G 3600 (S), Lisowski S 58054 (BR), Rwaburundindore 444 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Dichrocephalachrysanthemifoliavar.alpina (R.E.Fr.) Beentje – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine zone, 2600–3600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E DR Congo and Tanzania.Dichrocephalaintegrifolia (L.f.) Kuntze – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed wet montane forest, cultivation, grassland, bamboo zone, 1700–3670 m. Vouchers: Jack C 199 (EA), Agnew ADQ & Agnew S 7266 (EA), Holm Å 56 (S). Native distribution range: Turkey to Asia and Pacific.Echinopsaberdaricus R.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, moorland, forest margin, clearing, 2400–3600 m. Voucher: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya to Tanzania.Echinopsamplexicaulis Oliv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grasslands, edges of cultivated lands, 1300–2700 m. Vouchers: Lugard C & Lugard EJ 82 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and Tanzania.Echinopsangustilobus S.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest edges, 2000–2850 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Kenya.Echinopseryngiifolius O.Hoffm. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, 1050–1850 m. Vouchers: Lugard & Lugard 553. Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Echinopshispidus Fresen. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, scattered tree grassland, 1500–2300 m. Vouchers: Major C & Lugard EJ 158 (EA), Jack C 83 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Tanzania.Echinopshoehnelii Schweinf. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest edges, woodland, heathland, 2200–3500 m. Vouchers: Adamson J 487 (EA), Lisowski S 55110 (BR), Hamilton & Perrott 76/400 (EA), Thomas 638 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Echinopslanatus C.Jeffrey & Mesfin – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grasslands, stoebe bushlands, 2400–3600 m. Vouchers: Townsend CC 2334 (EA), Fries re (EA), Freidberg A 152 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon, E Tropical Africa.*Emiliacoccinea G.Don – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadside, grassland, waste grounds, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Webster 8860 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Emiliadebilis S.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist grassland, 1750–2750 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Emiliadiscifolia (Oliv.) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed forests, 500–2500 m. Voucher: Holm Å 59 (S). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.EXEmiliaintegrifolia Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed swamp, moist grasslands, 1900–2800 m. Vouchers: Webster 8859 (EA), Lugard EJ 101 (EA). Native distribution range: DR Congo to S Tropical Africa, Madagascar.EXEmiliasonchifolia (L.) DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Emiliatenera (O.Hoffm.) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, swampy grassland, 1800–2700 m. Voucher: Lind EM 269 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.*Emiliatricholepis C.Jeffrey – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rock crevices, cultivated lands, 700–2000 m. Voucher: Wesche K 366 (K). Native distribution range: Kenya.EXErigeronbonariensis L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, roadside, 400–2600 m. Voucher: Holm Å 73 (S). Native distribution range: Mexico to Tropical America.Erigeronschimperi Sch.Bip. ex Schweinf. – Habit: Woody herb or small shrub. Habitat: Grassland, impeded drainage, woodland and upper forest edge, 2000–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1412 (EA), Hedberg O 1061 (UPS), J Wilson 1237 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa, Yemen.Eschenbachiagouanii (L.) G.L.Nesom – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed grassland, 1500–3600 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 911 (S), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0180 . Native distribution range: Africa, Arabian Peninsula.EXEschenbachiastricta (Willd.) Raizada – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed grassland, 1500–2000 m. Vouchers: Waston J 1195 (EA), Tweedie 2394 (EA), Lugard C & Major EJ 31 (EA). Native distribution range: Sahara & Sahel to S Jordan and Arabian Peninsula, Himalaya to China  and N Indo-China.Eschenbachiasubscaposa (O.Hoffm.) G.L.Nesom – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, alpine and subalpine grassland, 1750–4000 m. Vouchers: Marrison MES 271 (EA), Tweedie 53 (EA), Major EJ & Lugard J 616 (EA), Adamson J 501 (EA), Hedberg O 122, 1026 (S), Lisowski S 57185 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0240 . Native distribution range: Nigeria to Kenya and S Tropical Africa.EXEthuliaconyzoides L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy grassland, 1160–1670 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa to Sinai, Indian Subcontinent to China (Yunnan) and Peninsula Malaysia, Taiwan to Philippines.Ethuliavernonioides (Schweinf.) M.G.Gilbert – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grasslands, 1650–3000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to Tanzania.Euryopselgonensis Mattf. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Heath zone, bamboo zone, moorland, 300–4200 m. Vouchers: Lugard C & Lugard EJ 368 , Tweedie R 18 (EA), 76 (EA), Hedberg 863 , Hedberg O 4525 (EA), Ekkens DB 407 (EA), Dummer RA 3386 (K), Lisowski S 53797 (BR), Kokwaro JO 2459 (EA), Freidberg A 145 (EA), Holm Å 77 (S), Taylor G 3529 (S), Granvik H 155 (S), Tothill BH 269 (EA), Thomas AS 2738 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda.**EXGalinsogaparviflora Cav. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist grassland, woodland, forest margin, 2300–3000 m. Vouchers: Major C & Lugard EJ 107 (EA), Dawkins, H.C. 778 (K), Hedberg O 8 (S), Holm Å 58 (S), Granvik H 294 (S). Native distribution range: Mexico to Tropical America.EXGalinsogaquadriradiata Ruiz & Pav. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: waste places, roadsides, 1800–2600 m. Voucher: Beentje HJ 1943 (EA). Native distribution range: Mexico to S Tropical America.EXGamochaetapurpurea (L.) Cabrera – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, waste places, roadside, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie 2244 (EA). Native distribution range: E Canada to Tropical America.Gerberaviridifolia (DC.) Sch.Bip. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, grassland, woodland, 1600–2750 m. Vouchers: Lewis WH 5969 (S), Major C & Lugard EJ 515 (EA), Podwa SH 24 , Beentje HJ 1930 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and S Africa.EXGnaphaliumdeclinatum L.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest, 1750–3150 m. Vouchers: Beentje HJ 1940 (WAG), Hedberg O 110 (S). Native distribution range: Zambia to S Africa.Gnaphaliumunionis Sch.Bip. ex Oliv. & Hiern – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, montane forest and heath zone, 1600–3800 m. Vouchers: Thomas AS 604 (EA), Forbes 264 (EA), Wood G 147 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Burundi.Gnaphaliumunionisvar.rubriflorum (Hilliard) Beentje – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet montane grassland, montane forest, heath zone, shallow soils, 1600–3150 m. Vouchers: Mwangangi OM 473 (EA), Tweedie 1296 (K), Wilson J 1193 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0264 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Guizotiajacksonii (S.Moore) J.Baagoe – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist Forest glades, short grassland in bamboo, moorland, heath zones, 2350–3900 m. Voucher: Wesche K 1940 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to Kenya.*Guizotiascabra Chiov. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest clearing, 1300–3200 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3599 (US), Granvik H 260 (S), Synge PM S 847 (S), Holm Å 81 (S), Thomas AS 2701 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0203 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, W Yemen.EXGutenbergiacordifoliavar.marginata (O.Hoffm.) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tanzania to S Tropical Africa.Gutenbergiapetersii Steetz – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to Tanzania.Gutenbergiarueppellii Sch.Bip. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky eroded grassland, 900–2300 m. Vouchers: Gilbert & Mesfin 6546 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0028 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Gymnanthemumamygdalinum (Delile) Sch.Bip. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Woodland, wooded grassland, secondary bushlands, forest margin, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Jackson 303 (EA), Freidberg A 27 (EA). Native distribution range: E Bolivia to Brazil, Tropical Africa, W Yemen.Gymnanthemumauriculiferum (Hiern) Isawumi – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Disturbed bushland, montane forest margins, riverine forest, 1100–3000 m. Vouchers: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0154 , Mwangangi OM 412 (BR), Hedberg O (UPS), Snowden JD 823 (MNHN). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and Angola.Gymnanthemumurticifolium (A.Rich.) H.Rob. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Secondary Forest, montane forest edges, 2160–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia, Kenya, DR Congo.Gynuraamplexicaulis Oliv. & Hiern – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed places, swampy sites in grassland, weed in cultivations, 2000–3000 m. Voucher: Lugard 240 (EA). Native distribution range: Central African Republic to South Sudan and Tanzania.Gynurascandens O.Hoffm. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: mist forest clearing, about 2200 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Kenya and S Tropical Africa.Haplocarpharueppelii Beauverd – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, moorland, upper bamboo zone, 2600–4300 m. Vouchers: Lienberg 1578 (EA), Wood 127 (EA), Gillet 18461 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0145 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Helichrysumamblyphyllum Mattf. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Alpine stony grassland, 3200–4200 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3319 , Hedberg O 4454 (UPS), Hedberg O 864 , Åke Strid 3549 (S), Gardner HM 2271 (NMNH), Synge PM 1904 (BR). Native distribution range: Uganda (Mt Elgon).**Helichrysumargyranthum O.Hoffm. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest edges, streamside in heathland, 2100–3900 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3597 (MNHN), Lisowski S 57327 (BR), Lisowski S 57305 (BR), Lisowski S 57293 (BR), Thomas AS 2743 (BR), Synge PM 836 (BR), Synge PM 959 (BR), Ross R 1357 (BR), Mwangangi OM 501 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0242 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Helichrysumbrownei S.Moore – Habit: Shrublet or prostrate herb. Habitat: Moorland, alpine slopes, 3150–4321 m. Vouchers: Taylor G 3507 (BR), Arambourg C|Jeannel R|Chappuis PA hn 179 (MNHN). Native distribution range: Kenya (Mt Kenya).*Helichrysumcitrispinum Delile – Habit: Shrub or shrubby herb. Habitat: Alpine grasslands, 2900–4321 m. Vouchers: Åke Strid 3560 (S), Hedberg O 262 (S), Hedberg O 865 (S), Dummer RA 3317(US), Lisowski S 57263 (BR), Lisowski S 57262 (BR). Native distribution range: Ethiopia.Helichrysumcitrispinumvar.hoehnelii (Schweinf.) Hedberg – Habit: Shrub or shrubby herb. Habitat: Moorland, 3150–4321 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 262 (K), (BR), Dale IR 3185 (K), Mabberley, D.J. 456 (K), Tweedie 1989 (K), Tweedie R 95 (K), Raumfoid C 502 (K), Synge PM S1902 (BR), Taylor G 3505 (BR). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Helichrysumellipticifolium Moeser – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane grassland, swamps in bamboo clearing, 2500–3600 m. Vouchers: (EA). Native distribution range: E Central Tropical Africa, Kenya.Helichrysumfoetidum Moench – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, montane forest, 1750–3150 m. Vouchers: Gerh Lindblom (S), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0158 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar, Arabian Peninsula.Helichrysumformosissimum Sch.Bip. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Roadside, alpine zone, burnt grassland in moorland, 2300–4200 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3320 (K), Hedberg O 179 (S), Hedberg O 845 (S), Holm Å 65 (S), Thomas AS 2708 (MNHN), Taylor G 3612 (S), Arambourg C|Jeannel R|Chapuis PA 89, 178, 177 (P), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0253 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Helichrysumforskahlii (J.F.Gmel.) Hilliard & B.L.Burtt – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Alpine grassland, bushland, bamboo, forest and heath, 1750–4321 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 114 (EA), Kokwaro JO 2465 (EA), Hedberg O 1953 (EA), Dale IR 3212 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0252 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Comoros, SW Arabian Peninsula.Helichrysumforskahliivar.compactum (Vatke) Mesfin – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland grassland, tussock grassland, bushland, 2800–4300 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 476 (EA), Dale 3212 (K), Knox EB 3757 (K), Kokwaro JO 2465 (EA), Tweedie DR 7 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 392 (EA), Smith SAL; Beentje HJ; Muasya AM 165 (K), 176 (K), Hedberg O 972 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania.Helichrysumglobosum Sch.Bip. – Habit: herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, riverine forest, bamboo glades, 1200–3100 m. Vouchers: Mwangangi OM 476 (EA), Tothill BH 2362 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0166 . Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Helichrysumkilimanjari Oliv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed burnt alpine zone, 2800–4000 m. Vouchers: Åke Strid 3428 (S), Hedberg O 890 (S), Granvik H 113 (S), Holm Å 66 (S). Native distribution range: Kenya to S Tropical Africa.EXHelichrysumluteoalbum (L.) Rchb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Old World.Helichrysummaranguense O.Hoffm. – Habit: Scrambling Shrub. Habitat: Montane rain forest, bamboo zone, 1950–3600 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 147 (EA), Beentje HJ 1997 (WAG), Agnew, ADQ 7260 (WAG), Dummer RA 3591 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0198, SAJIT-PR 0237 . Native distribution range: South Sudan to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Helichrysummeyeri-johannis Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, afro alpine grassland, 2250–4321 m. Vouchers: Thomas AS 605, Tothill BH 2405, Thomas AS 2677, Mwangangi OM 322 , Åke Strid 3427 (S), Hedberg O 130 (S), Gerh Lindblom (S), Arambourg C|Jeannel R|Chapuis PA 83 (P), Lisowski S 57256 (BR), Williams JG 74/19 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0255 . Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.*Helichrysumnewii Oliv. & Hiern – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Alpine stony grassland, 3000–4321 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 968 , Tweedie DR 94, 96, 107, 4020 (EA), Taylor G 3721 (EA), Mabberley DJ 453 (EA), Major EJ & Lugard C (EA), Gardner HM 2275 (EA), Bickford N 35 (EA), Gillett JB 18447 (EA), Knox EB 2626, 3758 (EA), Lisowski S 57278, 57279 (BR). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Helichrysumnudifolium (L.) Less. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2900 m. Voucher: Holm Å 66 (S). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and S Africa, W Yemen.Helichrysumnudifoliumvar.oxyphyllum (DC.) Beentje – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Irwin PH 15 (BR). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Uganda and S Africa.Helichrysumodoratissimum Sweet – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, bushland, giant heat zones, forest margin, 1000–4000 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3607 (K), Granvik H 29 (S), Taiti S 5 , Taylor G 3790 (EA), Tweedie R 15 (EA), Joy Adamson 492 (EA), Katende T; Sheil D 980 (K), 2071 (K), Irwin PH 51 (S), Katende 916 (K), Tothill BH 2367 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.EXHelichrysumpanduratum O.Hoffm. ex De Wild. & T.Durand – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, 1600–2900 m. Voucher: Aldasoro J AS-65 (BC). Native distribution range: Gabon to Rwanda and S Africa.Helichrysumschimperi (Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich.) Moeser – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane grassland, secondary bushland, riverine forest, giant heath zones, 1600–3400 m. Vouchers: Dale 3416 (BR), Beentje HJ 1937 (WAG), Lisowski S 57312 , Agnew ADQ; Agnew S 7255 (WAG), Taylor G 3741 (S), Snowden JD 812 (P), Mwangangi OM 474 (BR), Synge PM S871 (BR), Wood G 152 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0214 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Tropical Africa, Socotra, SW Arabian Peninsula.EXHelichrysumsetosum Harv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane Forest, 1900–2750 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR , Mwangangi OM 415 (BR). Native distribution range: S Tropical & S Africa.EXHelichrysumstenopterum DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, forest, bamboo and heath zone, 600–2800 m. Vouchers: Kisalye N; van Heist M 405 (K), Naiga 714 (K), Aldasoro J AS-50 (BC), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0167 . Native distribution range: Bioko, S Tropical & S Africa.Helichrysumtraversii Chiov. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Woodland edges, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 142 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania.Hilliardiellasmithiana (Less.) H.Rob. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland especially on regularly burnt regions, 1350–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Hoffmannanthusabbotianus (O.Hoffm.) H.Rob., S.C.Keeley & Skvarla – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest edges, riverine forest, 1000–2400 m. Vouchers: Inulamannii (Hook.f.) Oliv. & Hiern – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane Forest edge, afro-alpine bamboo, scrub, 1700–3350 m. Voucher: Maitland TD sn (BR). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa.Kleiniaabyssinica (A.Rich.) A.Berger – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland with scattered trees, wooded grassland, 1600–2800 m. Vouchers: Holm Å 60 (S), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0219 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Kleiniapetraea (R.E.Fr.) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, grassland, bushland, 1800–2450 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to Tanzania.Lactucaglandulifera Hook.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane rain forest margin, grassland, bushland, giant heath, 1900–3600 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3542 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Lactucainermis Forssk. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, disturbed ground along roadside, 500–3450 m. Voucher: Arambourg C|Jeannel R|Chappuis PA 109 (MNHN). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar, Arabian Peninsula.Lactucaparadoxa Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest margins, riverine vegetation, thickets, 1950–2650 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3639 (EA) Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Malawi.Laggerabrevipes Oliv. & Hiern – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed upland grasslands and forest edges, 1050–2400 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Uganda to S Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Laggeracrispata (Vahl) Hepper & J.R.I.Wood – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Waste ground, moist grassland, wooded grassland, 150–2550 m. Voucher: Tweedie 2507 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0156 . Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Laggeraelatior R.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet montane forest margins, bamboo zones, in Hagenia woodland, 1600–3300 m. Vouchers: Dummer 3694 (EA), Åke Strid 3414 (S), Hedberg O 152 (UPS). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Launaeacornuta (Hochst. ex Oliv. & Hiern) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, grassland, cultivations and ruderal sites, 1750–2300 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Eritrea and S Tropical Africa.Launaeanana (Bak.) Chiov. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Burnt wooded grassland, wet grassland, 1800–2600 m. Voucher: Lugard & Lugard 518 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Linziagerberiformis (Oliv. & Hiern) H.Rob. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Burnt grassland, 1100–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Linziaituriensis (Muschl.) H.Rob. – Habit: Woody herb. Habitat: Forest, 1200–2550 m. Voucher: Lisowski S 57143 (BR). Native distribution range: Cameroon to South Sudan and Tanzania.Lipotrichepungens (Oliv. & Hiern) Orchard – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1650–2300 m. Voucher: Tweedie 459 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to Namibia.Micractisbojeri DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Streamside in grassland or forest, seasonally flooded grassland, 1700–2700 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3599 (S), Tweedie 884 (BR). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and Malawi, Madagascar.Microglossadensiflora Hook.f. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Disturbed forests, 1700–2800 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 84 (UPS), Dummer RA 3615 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Microglossapyrifolia (Lam.) Kuntze – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: woodland, 1750–2650 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1532 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.EXMikaniacordata (Burm.f.) B.L.Rob. – Habit: Shrub or subshrub, liane. Habitat: Riverine Forest, 0–3000 m. Voucher: Dawkins HC 780 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0184 . Native distribution range: Tropical Old World.Mikaniopsisbambuseti (R.E.Fr.) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Subshrub. Habitat: Montane forest, bamboo forest, 260–31500 m. Voucher: Wesche K 1982 (K), 474, 691 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya to Uganda.EXMikaniopsisclematoides (Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich.) Milne-Redh. – Habit: Subshrub. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia.Monactinocephaluspaniculatus Klatt – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded upland grassland, 1590–2500 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1466 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Nidorellaaegyptiaca (L.) J.C.Manning & Goldblatt – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2600 m. Voucher: Lugard C & Lugard EJ 210 (EA). Native distribution range: Africa to Indo-China.Nidorellavernonioides Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Shrub or small weak tree. Habitat: Upper mountain steep slopes, bamboo zone, 3500–4000 m. Vouchers: Thomas AS 555 (EA), Mwangangi OM 366 (EA), Taylor G 3670 (EA), Holm Å 52, 53 (S), Taylor G 3683 (S), Arambourg C|Jeannel R|Chappuis PA 157 158 (MNHN). Native distribution range: Djibouti to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Nidorellawelwitschii S.Moore – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, alpine zone, moorland, 1800–4321 m. Voucher: Tweedie 20 (EA), Taylor 3521 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Tropical Africa.Orbivestuskaraguensis (Oliv. & Hiern) H.Rob. – Habit: Herb or weak shrub. Habitat: Wooded grassland, grassland, forest margins, old cultivations, 1200–2850 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 1073 (UPS), Holm Å 72 (S). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Orbivestusturbinata (Oliv. & Hiern ex Oliv.) H.Rob. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, grassland, 1400–2400 m. Voucher: Irwin PH 56 . Native distribution range: DR Congo to Ethiopia and Kenya.Osteospermumvaillantii (Decne.) Norl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest edge, 600–3150 m. Vouchers: Bamps PRJ 6502 (BR), Tweedie (S). Native distribution range: S Jordan to NE & E Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Piloselloideshirsuta (Forssk.) C.Jeffrey ex Cufod. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland forest, grasslands, woodlands, heath and moor, 1500–3700 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 847 (S), Irwin PH 1001 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa to China and Indo-China, Lesser Sunda Islands .Seneciocrispatipilosus C.Jeffrey – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo Forest, heath zone, 2050–3050 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 601 (K), Tothill BH T2372 (K), T2290 (K), 2372 (K), Dummer RA 3598 (K). Native distribution range: Uganda to Kenya.*Seneciohadiensis Forssk. – Habit: Herb or shrub succulent trailer or climber. Habitat: Upland forest edges, 1000–2600 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 74 (S), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0031 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to Zimbabwe, Madagascar, Arabian Peninsula.Seneciohochstetteri Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb or shrub with woody ascending stems. Habitat: Grassland, forest margin, wooded grassland, 1200–3700 m. Vouchers: Major EJ; Lugard C 541 , Irwin PH 141 (K), Tweedie 1175 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Seneciojacksonii S.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine zone, outcrop rock, 3250–4150 m. Vouchers: Mwangangi OM 315 (WAG), (K), Wesche K 30 (K), Lye KA; Pocs T 23089 (K), Tweedie R 8 (K), Hedberg O 4485 , Liebenberg LCC 1583  Ekkens DB 401 (EA), Adamson J 466 (EA), Tothill BH 2416 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to Kenya (Mt Elgon).**Seneciomoorei R.E.Fr. – Habit: Woody herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, forest clearing, 1800–3500 m. Vouchers: Wood G 153 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0236 . Native distribution range: Kenya to Uganda.*Seneciorhammatophyllus Mattf. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Moorland with grassland and giant heath, forest edges, 3000–4150 m. Vouchers: Taylor G 3500 (EA), Wesche K 90 (K), Hedberg O 866 (K), (S), Lugard C 306 , Osmaston HA 4000 (K), Saunder &Hancock 57, Osmaston 4000 (EA), Hedberg 4513 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to Kenya (Mt Elgon).**Senecioruwenzoriensis S.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, shallow soil among rocks, cultivations, 1700–3000 m. Vouchers: Polhill 401 (EA), Hedberg O 811 (UPS). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Seneciosnowdenii Hutch. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Clearing from bamboo zone, grassland, 2700–4250 m. Vouchers: Lind EM 2086 (EA), Friedberg A 146 (EA), Gardner HM 2268 (K), Mwangangi OM 320 (K), Townsend CC 2328 (K), Smith SAL; Beentje, Muasya AM 175 (K), Wesche K 4 (K), Hedberg O 227 (K), Gillett 1867 (EA), Tothill BH 2314 (EA), Thomas AS 2681 (EA), Hedberg 4455 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to Kenya (Mt Elgon).**Seneciosotikensis S.Moore – Habit: Woody herb or soft shrub. Habitat: Marshy grassland, 3000–4300 m. Vouchers: Lugard C; Lugard EJ 416 , Adamson J 481 (EA), Hedberg O 871 (EA), Kokwaro JO 2464 (EA), Gillett JB 18435, (BR), Kokwaro JO 2464 (K), Gillett JB 18435 (K), Snowden JD 482 (K), Wesche K 207 (K), Hedberg O 4453 (UPS), Dummer RA 3324 (EA), Lye et al. 5726 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to Kenya (Mt Elgon).**Seneciosyringifolius O.Hoffm. – Habit: Twining liana. Habitat: Montane forest, bamboo zone, 1500–3300 m. Voucher: Hedberg O 58 (S). Native distribution range: Kenya to S Tropical Africa.Seriphiumkilimandscharicum (O.Hoffm.) Koek. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Heath zone, moorland, upper forest edge, (1950–)2400–3900 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 1297 (K), Lisowski S 54497 (BR), Dummer RA 3532 (P), Snowden JD 803 (P), Taiti S 582 (EA), Hedberg O 134 (S). Native distribution range: Uganda to N Malawi.EXSolanecioangulatus (Vahl) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Succulent herb. Habitat: Upland forest, woodland edges, riverine and streams, 1000–2500 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Mayotte, Madagascar, SW Arabian Peninsula.EXSolaneciomannii (Hook.f.) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Disturbed forest, 1400–2700 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 55 (S), Taylor G 3436 (S), Synge PM S 104 (S), Bamps PRJ 6501 (BR). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa.Solaneciotuberosus (Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich.) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy grassland, 1200–2000 m. Voucher: Tweedie DR 162 (K). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Uganda.Sonchusafromontanus R.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, along streamside, forest clearing, 2200–3700 m. Vouchers: Lye 5734 (EA), Tweedie 24 (EA), Tweedie R 25 (K), Tweedie 2550 (K). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.EXSonchusasper (L.) Hill – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, cultivation, 1750–2550 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1336 (EA). Native distribution range: Temperate Eurasia, N Africa to Sahel and Somalia.Sonchusbipontini Asch. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, bamboo zone, 1700–3370 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 66 (K), Tweedie 888 (K), Mwangangi OM 392 (K), Kokwaro JO 2448 (K), Hooper SS; Townsend CC 1389 (K), Hemp A 5416 (W). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Sonchuscamporum (R.E.Fr.) Boulos ex C.Jeffrey – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rare in upland burnt grassland, 1800–2300 m. Voucher: Lugard & Lugard 546 (K). Native distribution range: Kenya.*Sonchusluxurians (R.E.Fr.) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, grassland, montane forest, 1600–3800 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0155 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Burundi and Mozambique.EXSonchusoleraceus L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, cultivations, 1500–2700 m. Voucher: Major EJ & Lugard C 457 (EA). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, Europe to Mediterranean, Sahara to Arabian Peninsula.Sonchusschweinfurthii Oliv. & Hiern – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, weed of cultivtion, roadside, 1700–2800 m. Vouchers: Mwangangi OM 392 (BR), Agnew ADQ; Agnew S 7250 (WAG). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Sonchusstenophyllus R.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest glades, grassland, 1700–3300 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to Tanzania.*Sphaeranthussuaveolens DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Near fresh stream beds, wet savanna, 1200–2500 m. Vouchers: Beentje HJ 1963 (WAG), Hedberg O 1953 (S), Holm Å 74 (S), Small W 1184 (K). Native distribution range: N Sinai, Egypt to S Tropical Africa.EXTagetesminuta L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland arable land, wet savanna, 850–2750 m. Voucher: Hedberg O 6 (S). Native distribution range: Brazil to S South America.Vernonellachthonocephala (O.Hoffm.) H.Rob. & Skvarla – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally burnt grasslands, 1050–2100 m. Voucher: James (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Vernoniagalamensis (Cass.) Less. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland edges, 800–2800 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 726 (K), Lugard C; Lugard EJ 252 (K), Bridson DM 70 (WAG), Smith CE; Njoroge D 4640 (K). Native distribution range: Africa.Vernoniaholstii O.Hoffm. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Forest margin, secondary bushland, 1000–2100 m. Voucher: Tweedie 3729 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Kenya and Zimbabwe.EXVernoniaschweinfurthii Oliv. & Hiern – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, short grassland, scattered tree grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1115 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Vernoniasyringifolia O.Hoffm. – Habit: Woody herb or weak shrub. Habitat: Montane rain forest, forest margin, secondary woodland or bush, 2000–3050 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3500 (EA), Agnew ADQ; Agnew S 7283 (WAG), Taylor G 3794 (S), Irwin PH 45 (S). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Tropical Africa.1 Genus, 10 speciesImpatiensdigitatasubsp.phlyctidoceras (Bullock) Grey-Wilson – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 3500–3700 m. Vouchers: Sheil|Musinguzi RD 1809 (MO), Dale IR, Dale in FD 3201 (MO), Lugard CE 313 (MO). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa (Mt Elgon).**Impatiensdigitata Warb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest floor, moorland, about 3500 m. Voucher: Lugard C 313 . Native distribution range: Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania (Mt Kilimanjaro).*Impatienshochstetteri Warb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Stream banks in forest, woodland, 1000–2800 m. Vouchers: Knox EB 2633 (EA), Tweedie EM 3603 (K), Synge PM S1056 (BR), Synge PM S 1037 (WAG), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0004 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Impatiensmeruensis Gilg – Habit: Herb. Habitat: streamside, marshes, forest, 1000–3550 m. Vouchers: Knox EB 2640, 3832 (EA), Bridson DM 72 (EA), Jack C 110 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0048 . Native distribution range: N Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Sudan.Impatiensmeruensissubsp.cruciata (T.C.E.Fr.) Grey-Wilson – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist shaded forest fringes, bushland, bamboo, 2250–3630 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 886 (K), Bridson DM 72 (K), Tweedie 365 (K), Tweedie 1437 (K). Native distribution range: Sudan to Kenya.*Impatiensminiata Grey-Wilson – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, forest fringes, bamboo thickets, 2850–3700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 7A (EA), Thomas AS 510, 225 (EA), Lye 5748 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa (Mt Elgon).**Impatienssodenii Engl. & Warb. ex Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Escarpment zones and waterfalls, 1000–2700 m. Voucher: Granvik H sn (S). Native distribution range: Kenya to N & E Tanzania.Impatienstinctoria A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Waterfalls and stream banks, forests, 1800–3630 m. Vouchers: Knox EB 2639 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0043 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to N Uganda.Impatienstinctoriasubsp.elegantissima (Gilg) Grey-Wilson – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, forest, 1800–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie (K), Lind EM 437 (K), Snowden JD 507 (K), Bridson DM 73 (K). Native distribution range: SE Uganda to Kenya.Impatienstweedieae E.A.Bruce – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest and forest floor, upland grassland, 3000–3750 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 1926 (MO), Synge 891 (EA), Morrison MES 258a (MO), Tweedie 366 , 367 (K), Adamson 53 (EA), Adamson J 503 (MO), Thomas AS 2709 (MO), Thomas AS 585 (MO), 2709 (EA), Tweedie EM 367 (MO), Taylor 3737 (S). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa (Mt Elgon).**1 Genus, 1 speciesEXBasellaalba L. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Riverine forest, forest edges, margins of cultivated land, 1500–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 2043 (EA), Irwin PH 526 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Asia.1 Genus, 1 speciesBegoniawollastonii Baker f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Spray of waterfall, forest, 1750–2900 m. Vouchers: Thomas AS 2578 (EA), Wesche 600 (EA), Tweedie 1485 (EA), Synge PM 1036 (WAG). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to SW Tanzania.3 Genera, 4 speciesKigeliaafricana (Lam.) Benth. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S AfricaKigeliaafricanasubsp.moosa (Sprague) Bidgood & Verdc. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, upland bushland, spray of waterfall, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 866 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Markhamialutea K.Schum. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ghana to South Sudan and Tanzania.Stereospermumkunthianum Cham. – Habit: Tree or shrub. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Rwaburindore PK 5621 (MO). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.6 Genera, 16 speciesCordiaafricana Lam. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest, grassland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 926 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula, Comoros, Madagascar.Cynoglossumaequinoctiale T.C.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, 1770–2870 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 12 (K), Saundy; Hancock 95 . Native distribution range: Kenya to N Zambia.Cynoglossumamplifolium Hochst. ex A.DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, forest, bamboo zonne, 1800–3430 m. Voucher: Tweedie 4097 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Cynoglossumamplifoliumvar.subalpinum (T.C.E.Fr.) Verdc. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Upper forest edge, acacia woodland, bamboo forest, 1800–3200 m. Voucher: Tweedie 4097 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria, Cameroon, SE Ethiopia to Tanzania.Cynoglossumcheranganiense Verdc. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland with scattered bamboo, Junipera-Hagenia clumps, 2400–3270 m. Voucher: Wesche K 1644 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya.Cynoglossumcoeruleum Hochst. ex DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest clearing and pathside, 1100–3200 m. Vouchers: Symes YE 241 (EA), Lind EM 430 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0119 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Cynoglossumcoeruleumsubsp.johnstonii (Baker) Verdc. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, overgrazed grassland, waste ground, 2400–3650 m. Voucher: Bei 66283 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Ethiopia to N Malawi.Cynoglossumcoeruleumsubsp.kenyense Verdc. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, grassland with scattered trees, 1440–3150 m. Voucher: Symes 241 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya to N Tanzania.Cynoglossumcoeruleumvar.mannii (Baker & C.H.Wright) Verdc. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Submontane forest, swamp, bamboo thickets, margins of cultivated land, 1740–3150 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3601 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and S Africa.Cynoglossumlanceolatum Forssk. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Weed and in disturbed grasslands, 1100–3220 m. Vouchers: Lugard 175 (EA), Snowden JD 886 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0134 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa to Tropical & Subtropical Asia.Ehretiacymosavar.silvatica (Gurke) Brenan – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, riverine forest,1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ & Lugard C 554a, Jackson THE 305 (EA), Tweedie 2587 (EA), Jack C 166, 276 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Tropical Africa.Lithospermumafromontanum Weim. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest edges, moorland, upper Hagenia- Rapanea woodland, heath zone, 2100–4000 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3433 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to South Africa.Myosotisabyssinica Boiss. & Reut. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest, grasslands, moorland zone, 2000–3960 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1898 (EA), Hedberg O 187, 4565 (EA). Native distribution range: Bioko to Cameroon, Ethiopia to Tanzania.Myosotiskeniensis T.C.E.Fr. – Habit: Mat-forming herb. Habitat: Grassland tussock in dendrosenecio associations, 3350–4320 m. Voucher: Bie SW 302 (EA). Native distribution range: S Central Ethiopia, Central Kenya.Myosotisvestergrenii Stroh – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine and heath zone, 2000–4250 m. Vouchers: Bally J 472, Tweedie DR 4, 123 (EA), Trelawny BBR 4467 (EA), Adamson J 472 (EA), Gardner HM 2247 (EA), Hedberg O 215 (EA) Bickford N 6 (EA) Lind EM 2094 (EA), Forbes 259 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical AfricaTrichodesmaphysaloides A.DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, wooded grassland, bushland, 1050–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 138 (EA), Snowden JD 821 (EA), Webster MVB 8916 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to South Africa.11 Genera, 16 speciesArabidopsisthaliana (L.) Heynh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland bushland and moor, disturbed alpine grassland, 1750–4250 m. Voucher: Sound & Hancock 39 (EA), Tothill BH 2450 (EA), Hedberg 943 (EA). Native distribution range: Temperate Eurasia to Tropical African Mountains.Arabisalpina L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland moor, stream banks, cliffs, 2450–4321 m. Vouchers: Taylor 3531 (EA), Wesche K 206 (K), 1247 (EA), Dummer RA 3438 (K), Hedberg O 1002 , 969 (EA), Townsend CC 2323 (K), Bickford N 16, 43 (EA), Gardner HM 2244 (EA), Adamson J 473 (EA), Tweedie DR 108 (EA), Synge PM 943 (EA). Native distribution range: N and Central Europe to W Central Siberia, N & E Canada to Greenland.Barbareaintermedia Boreau – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland moor, alpine zone, disturbed ground, streamside, 3000–3900 m. Vouchers: Adamson J 495 (K), Hedberg O 1013 , Townsend CC 2331 , Dale IR 3391 , Major EJ; Lugard C 393 (K), Major EJ; Lugard C 419 (K), Ekkens DB 2476 (EA). Native distribution range: Central & S Europe to NW China and E Uganda.EXBrassicajuncea (L.) Czern. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivation, forest, 1650–2000 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1136A (EA). Native distribution range: North Caucasus, Transcaucus, a cultigen from China.EXBrassicanapus L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Shrubland, 1700–2300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1136 (EA). Native distribution range: A cultigen from S Europe.EXCapsellabursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivated grounds, forest, woodland, 1500–2800 m. Vouchers: Stunrock BM 2207 (EA), Beentje HJ 1945 (EA). Native distribution range: Temperate Eurasia, N Africa.Cardamineafricana L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, stream side, 2200–3400 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 5081 (UPS), H 1048 , Wesche K 480 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, India to W Malesia, Central & S Tropical America.Cardaminehirsuta L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 500–4321 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 268 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0147 . Native distribution range: Temperate & Subtropical Northern Hemisphere to Tropical African Mountains.Cardamineobliqua Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine belt, montane forest, 2000–4321 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 862 (K), 4464 (EA), 4521 , Bush RZ 249 (EA), Bickford N 57 (EA), Irwin PH 361 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 355 (EA), Synge 958 (EA), Tweedie DR 70 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania, Mexico to Ecuador.Cardaminetrichocarpa Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadside, forest clearings, 950–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: S Cameroon to Ethiopia and Tanzania, South Africa, India to Assam, Sri Lanka.Crambekilimandscharica O.E.Schulz – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest clearing, weed in cultivated land, 1200–3400 m. Vouchers: Hedberg KO 4474 , Muthoka P & Kirika P 1178 (EA). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to E DR Congo.Erucastrumarabicum Fisch. & C.A.Mey. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, woodland, 1750–3170 m. Voucher: Symes YE 119 (EA). Native distribution range: Egypt to Namibia, Arabian Peninsula.Erucastrumelgonense Jonsell – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, ericaceous scrub, 3050–3400 m. Vouchers: Thomas AS 586 (EA), Tothill BH 2346 (EA), Hedberg Olov 4475 . Native distribution range: Uganda (Mt Elgon).EXMummenhoffiaalliacea (L.) Esmailbegi & Al-Shehbaz – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forests, upland moor, stream banks, bamboo, 3000–3600 m. Voucher: Hedberg 997 (EA). Native distribution range: E Central & S Europe to N Turkey.Oreophytonfalcatum O.E.Schulz – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine zone, rock crevices, 3800–4321 m. Vouchers: Hedberg in Adamson J 500 & Hedberg 978 (EA), Tweedie 70 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical African Mountains.Subulariamonticola A.Braun ex Schweinf. – Habit: Tufted herb. Habitat: Upland rain-forest, moorland, ericaceous and alpine zone, 2750–4321 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 1016 (EA), Synge PM 886 (EA), Wesche K 1941 (EA). Native distribution range: Mountains of Ethiopia to E DR Congo and N Tanzania.4 Genera, 24 speciesCanarinaabyssinica Engl. – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Forest, wooded grassland, along streams, 1925–2300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 860 (EA), Lind EM 262 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Canarinaeminii Asch. & Schweinf. – Habit: Climbing (or hanging if epiphyte) herb. Habitat: Montane Forest, Outcrop rocks, 1600–3200 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 158 (EA), Thomson 2253 (EA), Rwaburindore PK 469 (WAG), Norman EM 223 (K), Andersen 327 (S), Granvik H 331 (S). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Malawi.Lobeliaaberdarica R.E.Fr. & T.C.E.Fr. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Swamps in the moorland, 1860–3500 m. Vouchers: Dale IR 3200 (EA), Awich Y 607 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 434 (EA), Tweedie R 109 (EA), Knox EB 3769, 3768, 3767, 2615 (EA), Hedberg O 1045 (S), Thomas AS 654 (EA), Synge 872 (EA), Hedberg 4536 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa (Aberdare Range).*Lobeliacheranganiensis Thulin – Habit: Trailing herb. Habitat: Upland Forest and moor, 2750–3300 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya.Lobeliaduriprati T.C.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet montane short grassland, 1700–3550 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0109 . Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.Lobeliafervens Thunb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, woodland, upper forest edge, 1750–3150 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa, W Indian Ocean.Lobeliaflaccida A.DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest margin, 1220–3150 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 33 (EA), Knox EB 2607, 2631, 2638, 2643, 3833 (EA), Beentje HJ 1936 (EA), Webster MVB 8909 (EA), Gilbert MG & Tadesse M 6553 (EA), Symes YE 415 (EA), Bitsford N 49 (EA), Granvik H 254 (S). Native distribution range: Sudan to S Africa.Lobeliaflaccidasubsp.granvikii (T.C.E.Fr.) Thulin – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, 1524 m. Vouchers: Lugard E 149 (K), Dummer RA 3722 (K). Native distribution range: South Sudan to Kenya.Lobeliagiberroa Hemsl. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Disturbed places of montane forests, 1590–3000 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3575 (US). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Zambia.Lobeliagregorianasubsp.elgonensis (R.E.Fr. & T.C.E.Fr.) E.B.Knox – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland forest, moorland, 3450–4200 m. Vouchers: Adamson J 499 (EA), Hedberg KO 922 , Synge PM 911 , Lindblom sn (K), Liebenberg LCC 1674 , Katende AB 318 (MO), Dale U70 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa (Cherangani Hills & Mt Elgon).*EXLobeliaheyneana Roem. & Schult. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, lower and upper forest edge, 1750–3150 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Zambia, Arabian Peninsula, China (Yunnan) to Tropical Asia.Lobeliainconspicua A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Short grassland and disturbed grounds, 1220–2400 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Lobelialindblomii Mildbr. – Habit: Creeping/ mat-forming herb. Habitat: Alpine and subalpine grassland, 3100–4250 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 123, 4499 (EA), Major EJ; Lugard C 432 (K), 433 (K), Tweedie DR 4017 (K), Adamson J 502 (K), Mabberley DJ 468 , Knox EB 3837 (EA), Williams Y & Beentje 1999 (EA), Rauh W 586 (EA), Bickford N 6 (EA), Thomas AS 602 (EA), Wood 111 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa .*Lobeliaminutula Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, moorland, forest margin, 2125–3350 m. Voucher: Ekkens DB 415 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon to E Tropical Africa.Lobelianeumannii T.C.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, 1850–2750 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Ethiopia to Kenya.Lobeliatelekii Schweinf. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet stony grounds in moorlands, 3000–5000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 26 (EA), Synge PM 5901 , Hedberg O 861 (EA) Mwangangi OM 338 (EA), Ekkens DB 776 (EA), Honore EJ 2519 (EA), Dale IR 3194 (EA), Knox EB 2624 (EA), Tothill BH 2412 , Eggeling WJ 5751 (EA), Dummer RA 3385 , Tweedie DR Mrs 8 (K), Liebenberg LCC 1617 (EA), Thomas AS 629 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa .*Monopsisstellarioides Urb. – Habit: Trailing herb. Habitat: Paddock, roadside, alpine grassland, 1650–3600 m. Vouchers: Symes YE 519 (EA), Hedberg O 909 (EA), Webster MVB 8912 (EA), Beentje HJ 1964 (EA), KnoX EB 3834 (EA), Tweedie EM 126 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, ComorosWahlenbergiacapillacea A.DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bamboo zone, 2300–3500 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to S Africa.Wahlenbergiahirsuta (Edgew.) Tuyn – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, waste land, roadside, 1650–2120 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa to Himalaya.Wahlenbergiakrebsii Cham. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, Lower alpine and heath zones, upper forest margins, 2130–3600 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3515 (US), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0143, SAJIT-PR 0265 . Native distribution range: Bioko to Ethiopia and S Africa.Wahlenbergianapiformis (A.DC.) Thulin – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, grassland, old cultivations, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Central African Republic to Ethiopia and Namibia.Wahlenbergiapusilla Hochst. ex A.Rich – Habit: Mat forming Herb. Habitat: Alpine and moor zone, 2800–4300 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 140 (K) 3250 (EA), Wesche K 329 (K), Taylor G 3536 (BR). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania.Wahlenbergiasilenoides Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, moorland, forest margin, 2200–3350 m. Voucher: Tweedie 3534 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and Tanzania.Wahlenbergiavirgata Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grasslands, 1680–2700 m. Voucher: Hedberg 26 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.1 Genus, 1 speciesWarburgiaugandensis Sprague – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Riverine, upland forest, wooded grassland, 1600–2400 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0013 . Native distribution range: SE Ethiopia to Malawi.1 Genus, 1 speciesCeltisafricana Burm.f. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3000 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0042 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula, Madagascar.3 Genera, 3 speciesCapparisfascicularis DC. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland, forest edge, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Maeruaangolensis DC. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Grassland, forest edge, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Ritchieaalbersii Gilg – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Upland forest margin, 2250–3000 m. Vouchers: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0066 . Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa.4 Genera, 5 speciesCephalariapungens Szabo – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane and subalpine grassland, 2500–3000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: W Kenya to S Africa.Dipsacuspinnatifidus Steud. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upper Forest, lower alpine zone, heath woodland, 2000–3950 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 1027 (EA), Lisowski S 11786 (BR), Liebenberg 1614 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0251 . Native distribution range: Mountains of NE and E Tropical Africa to DR Congo, Cameroon.Scabiosacolumbaria L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, upland grassland, grass-moor rocky heathland, upper forest bushland, 2200–4000 m. Vouchers: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0135 , Lisowski S 11788 (BR). Native distribution range: Europe to Iran and Arabian Peninsula, NW Africa, Tropical African Mountains.Valerianakilimandscharica Engl. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Upland moor, alpine zone, along streams, 2800–4500 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 1549 (EA), Siemens LA 2572 (EA), Adamson J 18226 (EA), 476 (K), Hedberg O 210, 961 (EA), Lugard C & Lugard EJ 2954 (EA), Tweedie DR 73, 119 (EA), Dale IR 3180 , Battiscombe E 676 (EA), Lugard EJ 404 (K), Thomas 617 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical African Mountains.*Valerianavolkensii Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Streamside, marshes, bamboo zone, upland forest and upland moor, 2300–3400 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 313, Hedberg O 257 (S), Synge PM 1872 (S), Tweedie EM 892 (K), Kisalye N; Heist M van 401 (WAG), Gillett JB 18414 (BR), Tothill BH 2357 (EA), Dummer RA 3577 (K). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical African Mountains.6 Genera, 12 speciesCerastiumafromontanum T.C.E.Fr. – Habit: Prostrate herb. Habitat: Short grassland, upland moor, alpine zone, 2300–4000 m. Vouchers: Friis I & Hansen OJ 2564 (EA), Tweedie 36 (EA), Bickford N 47 (EA), Adamson J 494 (EA), Lugard C 324 (K), Beentje HJ 1981 , Gillett JB 18455 (K), Dale IR 3203 . Native distribution range: South Sudan (Imotong Mountains) to Tanzania.Cerastiumlanceolatum (Poir.) Volponi – Habit: herb. Habitat: Forest edge, wet grassland, 1500–3600 m. Vouchers: Hamilton & Perrott 76/524 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Réunion, S India, Sri Lanka, S Malesia to New Guinea.Cerastiumoctandrum Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed grassland, upland moor and bushland, 2500–4200 m. Vouchers: Rich A 58(EA), Hedberg O 188, 97(EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and Tanzania.EXCorrigiolalitoralis L. – Habit: Prostrate herb. Habitat: Roadside, disturbed grounds, 2350–3600 m. Voucher: Mwangangi OM 448 (BR). Native distribution range: Europe, S Tropical & S Africa.Drymariacordata (L.) Willd. ex Schult. – Habit: Straggling soft herb. Habitat: Forest edges, roadsides, 1350–2500 m. Vouchers: Beentje HJ 1927 (EA), Kahuho SK 3 (EA). Native distribution range: Mexico to S Tropical America, Tropical & S Africa.Saginaabyssinica Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine belt, riverbank, upland moor, 2150–4250 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 1820, 1689 (K), Hedberg O 4548 (EA), Horu PH 364 (EA), Rauh W 591 (EA), Hedberg 870 (S), Lisowski S 80258 (BR). Native distribution range: Bioko to Ethiopia and N Tanzania.Saginaafroalpina Hedberg – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland moorland, 3150–4321 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Sileneburchellii Otth – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, forest, moorland, alpine zone, 1900–4050 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 951 , Tweedie 72 (EA), Jeaudui DR 116 (EA), Bickford NB 44 (EA), Lisowski S 80284 (BR). Native distribution range: South Africa.EXSilenegallica L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadside and in cultivation, 1960–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, W Europe to Mediterranean.Silenesyngei (Turrill) T.Harris & Goyder – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, upland moor 3750 m. Vouchers: Synge PM 1912 . Native distribution range: Uganda (Mt Elgon).**EXStellariamedia (L.) Vill. – Habit: Trailing herb. Habitat: Montane forest floor, Introduced weed in cultivation, 1250–2520 m. Voucher: Wesche K 1692 (EA). Native distribution range: Temperate Eurasia, N & NE Tropical Africa.Stellariasennii Chiov. – Habit: Trailing herb. Habitat: Forest edges, path sides, 1750–3600 m. Voucher: Tweedie 107 (K). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.5 Genera, 7 speciesCathaedulis (Vahl) Endl. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Evergreen forest, woodland on rocky hills, 1100–1800(–2400) m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 872 (EA), Eggeling WJ 2478 (BR), Snowden JD 966 (BR), Styles B 302 (BR). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, Yemen.Elaeodendronbuchananii Loes. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Forest, 1070–2290 m. Vouchers: Jackson L 328, 318 (EA), Mathews PM 225 (EA), Dale IR 339 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Gymnosporiaarbutifolia Loes. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Woodland and forest, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 525 (BR), Dale IR U12 (BR). Native distribution range: Eritrea to E Central Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Gymnosporiaobscura Loes. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Riverine forest, forest margin, grassland, 2100–2550 m. Voucher: Lugard C 612 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Burundi and N Tanzania.Gymnosporiasenegalensis Loes. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Wet savanna and woodland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Harrington GN 509 (EA), Snowden JD 839 (EA), Dale IR 790(EA), Tnysnell CG 2370 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0011, SAJIT-PR 0188 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Maytenusundata (Thunb.) Blakelock – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: woodland, forest, riverine forest, 1750–3150 m. Vouchers: Bridson D 78 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0044 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Pristimeragoetzei (Loes.) R.H.Archer – Habit: Liana. Habitat: Moist forest, riverine forest, 90–3000 m. Voucher: St Clair Thompson in Eggeling 393 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Malawi.1 Genus, 2 speciesCleomegynandra L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed grounds, cultivations, roadside, wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Cleomemonophylla L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed grassland/woodland, 20–2100 m. Voucher: Tweedie 668 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula, India, Sri Lanka.2 Genera, 5 speciesCombretumcollinum Fresen. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Dale IR 3098 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 524 (EA), Templer JC 8 (EA). Native distribution range: NE Tropical Africa.Combretumcollinumsubsp.binderianum (Kotschy) Okafa – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1100–2300 m. Voucher: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Combretumcollinumsubsp.elgonense (Exell) Okafa – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1100–2300 m. Vouchers: Bally 2481 (EA), Major EJ; Lugard C 524 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Zambia.Combretummolle R.Br. ex G.Don – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, woodland, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Brown ES 755 (EA), Snowden JD 837, 1063 (EA), Dale IR (3105), Major C & Lugard EJ 286 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Terminalia mollis M.A.Lawson – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, woodland, 1750–2170 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.4 Genera, 14 speciesAstripomoeagrantii (Rendle) Verdc. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, bushland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Chater-Jack 125 (EA). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Astripomoeamalvaceavar.parviflora (Rendle) Staples – Habit: Sub-shrubby herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, bushland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Convolvuluskilimandschari Engl. – Habit: Climber. Habitat: Upland forest, woodland, bamboo thickets, upland moor, 1800–3750 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 155 (EA), Tweedie EM 1786 (K), 1785 (K) 1585 (K), Wesche K 778 (EA), Tweedie 1585 (EA), Dummer RA 3585 (EA), Lienberg 1612 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0176 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania.Cuscutakilimanjari Oliv. – Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest, 1500–1020 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 801 (K), Dawkins 783 (EA), Snowden JD 854 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa, Madagascar.Cuscutaplaniflora Ten. – Habit: Twining herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie 2055 (K). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, Mediterranean to NW India, Eritrea to S Africa, Madagascar.Ipomoeabiflora Pers. – Habit: Twinning Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, bushlands, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Kisalye N; van Heist M 284 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Ipomoeacairica (L.) Sweet – Habit: Twiner. Habitat: Forest, woodland, grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean, Arabian Peninsula to Temperate E AsiaIpomoeafulvicaulis Boiss. ex Hallier f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, outcrop rock, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 583, 672 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Botswana.Ipomoeahildebrandtii Vatke – Habit: Sub-woody shrublet. Habitat: Grassland, 150–2000 m. Vouchers: Human observation (1.351001 N 34.507378 E). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Rwanda and Tanzania.Ipomoeakituiensis Vatke – Habit: Shrublet. Habitat: Forest, grassland, bushlands, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Ipomoeaoenotherae Hallier f. – Habit: Erect or prostrate herb. Habitat: Seasonally moist grassland, outcrop rock, 990–2190 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.Ipomoeapolymorpha Roem. & Schult. – Habit: Erect or prostrate herb. Habitat: Grassland and moist bushland, 1750–1920 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Old World to Australia.Ipomoeatenuirostris Choisy – Habit: Twinning or prostrate herb. Habitat: Forest and woodland, 1650–2710 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 146 (EA), Tweedie EM 350 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Ipomoeawightii Choisy – Habit: Twinning or prostrate herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, montane forest edges, 1040–2400 m. Vouchers: Howard S, Irwin PH 150 , Tweedie EM 384 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa, Madagascar, India to Bangladesh, Sri Lanka.2 Genera, 2 speciesAlangiumchinense (Lour.) Harms – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Upland forest, 750–2000 m. Vouchers: Katende T; Sheil D 697 (K), Snowden JD 1079 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon to SE Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa, Tropical & Subtropical Asia.Cornusvolkensii Harms – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3150 m. Vouchers: Eggeling WJ 2458 (MO), Eggeling 1050 (EA), George Taylor 3468 (NHMK), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0228 . Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Tropical Africa4 Genera, 16 speciesCrassulaalata (Viv.) A.Berger – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, shallow soils, 1350–2700 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: S & E Mediterranean to China (NW Yunnan).Crassulaalatasubsp.pharnaceoides (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Wickens & M.Bywater – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Ethiopia to S Africa and Arabian Peninsula.Crassulaalba Forssk. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, rocky grassland, 1500–4000 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0094 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Crassulaalsinoides Engl. – Habit: Sprawling or prostrate herb. Habitat: Montane forests, 1475–3600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 1807B (K), Alan C Hamilton 6601 (MO), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0266 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula, Madagascar.Crassulagranvikii Mildbr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forests, 1650–4500 m. Vouchers: Lye 5721 (EA), Lugard EJ; Lugard C 422 (K), Beentje HJ 1993 (WAG), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0025 , PK Rwaburindore 447 (MO). Native distribution range: Eritrea to N Malawi, to Yemen.Crassularhodesica (Merxm.) Wickens & M.Bywater – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest clearings, rocky grassland, 1200–2378 m. Voucher: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya to Namibia.Crassulaschimperi C.A.Mey. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upper Forest edge, 3000–4100 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 2767, Wood GH (K), Tweedie EM 21 (MO), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0092 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa to Himalaya.Crassulaschimperisubsp.phyturus (Mildbr.) R.Fern. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest on moist rocks in crevices, 1050–2400 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 4492 (EA), Tweedie 2767 (EA), Kisalye N et al. 04 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0138 . Native distribution range: NE & E Tropical Africa, and Yemen.Kalanchoecrenata (Andrews) Haw. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, bushland, grassland, moist rocks, 1650–2300 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1032 (EA), Tengecho B 383 (EA), Jack C 164 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Kalanchoedensiflora Rolfe – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed places, woodland, forest, upper foerest edge, 1750–3150 m. Vouchers: Bamps PRJ 6495 (EA), (BR), Symes YE 246 (EA), Jack C 398 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0221 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E DR Congo and Tanzania.EXKalanchoeintegra Kuntze – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Asia.Kalanchoelanceolata Pers. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open woodland, wooded grassland, 950–2100 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Madagascar, SW Arabian Peninsula, Indian Subcontinent.Kalanchoeprittwitzii Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Vouchers: Jack C 396 (EA), Snowden JD 943 (EA), Symes YE 245 (EA), Lugard C & Lugard EJ 115 (EA). Native distribution range: E Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Sedummeyeri-johannis Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland forest, heathland, 3200–4300 m. Vouchers: Thomas AS 2703 (EA), Dale U 848 (EA). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Sedumruwenzoriense Baker f. – Habit: Succulent herb. Habitat: Upland heath and upland moor, in rock crevices in heath zone, 2400–4300 m. Vouchers: Wood GH 124 (EA), Mwangangi OM 3871, Mwangangi OM 318 , Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0132 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Rwanda.Umbilicus botryoides Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rock crevices montane forest, 2250–3900 m. Vouchers: Rose 10216 (EA), Wesche K 588 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Eritrea to Tanzania.9 Genera, 13 speciesCocciniaadoensis (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Cogn. – Habit: Climber herb. Habitat: Grassland, moist forest, woodland, 1600–2300 m. Vouchers: Bally 251 (EA), Polhill 400 (S), Norman EM 225 (K), Taylor G 3787 (S). Native distribution range: Ghana to Eritrea and S Africa.Cucumisficifolius A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland roadsides, 1200–2800 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1061 (EA). Native distribution range: Mauritania to Ethiopia and Tanzania, SW Arabian Peninsula.Cucumismaderaspatanus L. – Habit: climber or trailer Herb. Habitat: Riverine margins, woodland, bushland, upland forest, 0–1800 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 2247 . Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Lagenariaabyssinica (Hook.f.) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Climber herb. Habitat: Bushland, montane forest, 900–3000 m. Vouchers: Mwangangi OM 450 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0169 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to DR Congo and Tanzania.Momordicacissoides Planch. ex Benth. – Habit: Climber herb. Habitat: Riverine and rainforest, 1190–1830 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1040 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Momordicafoetida Schumach. – Habit: Climber herb. Habitat: Forest edges, old cultivations, disturbed regions, 1200–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1097 (K), Cheseny CM 40 (BR), Lind EM 114 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0075, SAJIT-PR 0173 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Momordicafriesiorum (Harms) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Climber herb. Habitat: Upland Forest edges, wet bushlands, 1700–2850 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 915 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Malawi.Oreosyceafricana Hook.f. – Habit: climber or trailer Herb. Habitat: Bamboo Forest, swamps, grassland edges, 1500–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1190 (EA). Native distribution range: Bioko to Ethiopia and South Africa, Madagascar.Peponiumelgonense N.Wei, G.W.Hu & Q.F.Wang – Habit: Vine. Habitat: Open grassland, moist rock wall of a steep cliff, 2565 m. Vouchers: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0121, SAJIT-PR 0152 . Native distribution range: Kenya.EXSicyospolyacanthos Cogn. – Habit: climber or trailer Herb. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie DR 4133 (WAG). Native distribution range: Bolivia to Brazil and N Argentina.Trochomeriamacrocarpa Harv. – Habit: Trailing or climbing herb. Habitat: Tree grassland, woodland, 1000–2550 m. Vouchers: Lugard E 143 (K), Tweedie EM 1101 (K), Polhill 414 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Zehneriaminutiflora (Cogn.) C.Jeffrey – Habit: Prostrate herb. Habitat: Upland moist forest edges, bamboo thickets, grassland, 1100–3350 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Zehneriascabra Sond. – Habit: climber or trailer Herb. Habitat: Forest edges, old cultivated bushlands, wet savanna, riverine forest, grass thickets, 1000–3350 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 1384 (BR), Tweedie DR 4073 (WAG), Tweedie EM 1384 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0030, SAJIT-PR 0079 . Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.2 Genera, 3 speciesDiospyrosabyssinica (Hiern) F.White – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane Forest, open bushland woodland, 2250–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Eucleadivinorum Hiern – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Grassland, open bushland, montane forest, 1750–2700 m. Vouchers: Jackson THE 329a (MO), Taiti S 612 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0002 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Euclearacemosasubsp.schimperi (A.DC.) F.White – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Egypt to S Africa, S Arabian Peninsula, Comoros.2 Genera, 7 speciesAgaristasalicifolia G.Don – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Woodland, moist forest, heath zones, 1750–3150 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3619 (US), St Clair-Thompson GW 2/40 (BR), Wesche K 944 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0129 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, W Indian OceanEricaarborea L. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Heath, woodland, alpine, 1800–3900 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 2066 (EA), Wesche K 98 (EA), Kokwaro JO 2547 (EA), Taylor G de C 3448 (EA), Watere 10513 (EA), Gardner HM 2253 (EA), Leyard WC 2964 (EA), Tothill BH 2293 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0151 . Native distribution range: Mediterranean to W Transcaucasus, Tropical African Mountains, Arabian Peninsula.Ericafilago (Alm & T.C.E.Fr.) Beentje – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Disturbed or burnt areas in alpine, heath, moorland zone, 2000–4321 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 124, 854 (EA), Major ES; Lugard C 483 (K), Adamson J 485 (K), Hedberg O 874 (K), Dale IR 3096 (K), Dale IR 3184 (K), Dummer RA 3355 (US), Thomas AS 606 (BR). Native distribution range: Kenya to N Malawi.Ericamannii (Hook.f.) Beentje – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Upper forest edge, moorland, 3150–4050 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1154 , Hedberg O 850 (K), Synge PM S986 (BR) Native distribution range: Nigeria to Cameroon, Bioko, Uganda to S Tropical Africa.Ericasilvatica (Engl.) Beentje – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Short grasslands, moorland, heath zones, bamboo clearing, forest edges, 1650–4321 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 1814 (EA), Dummer RA 3503 (K), 3509 (US), Hedberg KO 4555 (BR), 4535 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical African Mountains.Ericatrimera (Engl.) Beentje – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Moorland, rain forest, 3150–4321 m. Voucher: Taylor G 3524 (BR). Native distribution range: E Central Tropical Africa (Ruwenzori Mountains).Ericatrimerasubsp.elgonensis (Mildbr.) Beentje – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Moorland, 3450–3800 m. Vouchers: Saundy & Hancock 63 (EA), Hedberg 4529 (EA), Lye & Pocs 23079 (EA), Lindblom GSN (BR), Wesche K 1014 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa (Mt Elgon).**8 Genera, 29 speciesAcalyphapolymorpha Müll.Arg. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed or burnt grassland, open woodland, 1700–2300 m. Voucher: James (EA). Native distribution range: Central & E Tropical Africa.Acalyphapsilostachya Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Moist rain forest, grassland, rocky woodland, 520–3050 m. Vouchers: Dawkins HC 779 . Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa.Acalyphavolkensii Pax – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Upland grassland, forest undergrowth, bushland, 800–2700 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Burundi.Clutiaabyssinica Jaub. & Spach – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Upland forest and edges, bushlands, wooded grassland, riverine thickets, 1500–3150 m. Vouchers: Beentje HJ 2062 (WAG), Mwangangi OM 335 (BR), Cheseny CM 15 (RSA), Katende AB 3604 (MO), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0208, SAJIT-PR 0074 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Clutiaabyssinicavar.pedicellaris (Pax) Pax – Habit: Herb, shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest, woodland, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Malawi.Clutiakilimandscharica Engl. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, upper forest edge, moorland, 2250–3600 m. Vouchers: Thomas AS 656 (EA), Tothill BH 2303 (EA), Eggeling 2461 (EA). Native distribution range: Somalia to Zimbabwe.Clutialanceolatasubsp.robusta (Pax) M.G.Gilbert – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, upper forest edge, moorland, 2400–3350 m. Vouchers: Kokwaro JO 2439 (BR), Taylor PG 3621 (BR). Native distribution range: NE Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Crotonmacrostachyus Hochst. ex Delile – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 869, 870 , Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0076 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Euphorbiabrevicornu Pax – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist open forest, 2200–3600 m. Vouchers: Gillett 18429 , Lugard EJ; Lugard C 380 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0220 . Native distribution range: Kenya, Uganda.Euphorbiabrunellii Chiov. – Habit: hairless from a fleshy tuber with apex at soil level. Habitat: Grassland, 1100–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 355 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Uganda.Euphorbiacrotonoides Boiss. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed grounds, outcrop rock, open woodland, forest edge, 800–2400 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0077 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Euphorbiadepauperata Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Shrub or herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1900–3200 m. Voucher: Tweedie DR 2521 (WAG). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Euphorbiaengleri Pax – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane rain forest, 1500–2800 m. Vouchers: Mwangangi OM & Kanuri F. 342 (BR), Tweedie 494 (K), Dale IR U849 (K), Hedberg O 93 (K), Wesche K 1313 (K). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.Euphorbiaheterospina S.Carter – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland, rock slopes, 550–1600 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1046 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya, Uganda.EXEuphorbiahirta L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, cultivation, forest, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical America.Euphorbiainaequilatera Sond. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, wooded grassland, 1750–2500 m. Voucher: Hedberg 41 (EA). Native distribution range: Africa to Pakistan.EXEuphorbiamurielii N.E.Br. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, rocky slopes, open wooded grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Sudan.EXEuphorbiaprostrata Aiton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed lawns, grasslands, roadside, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Central & S USA to Tropical & Subtropical America.EXEuphorbiarubella Pax – Habit: Tuber. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia.Euphorbiaschimperiana Scheele – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, montane forest edge, roadside, 1600–3760 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Euphorbiasystyloides Pax – Habit: Herb. Habitat: wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Uganda to S Tropical Africa.Euphorbiaugandensis Pax & K.Hoffm. – Habit: Woody herb or Shrub. Habitat: Bamboo zone, forest clearing, 1980–3350 m. Vouchers: Tothill BH 2275 (EA), Tweedie EM 2521 (K). Native distribution range: SW Uganda to N Malawi.*Euphorbiawellbyi N.E.Br. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upper montane forest edge, moorland, 2300–4000 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 462 (EA), VC Hedberg E 3 (EA), Hedberg 214 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania.Euphorbiawellbyivar.glabra S.Carter – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Heathland, forest edge, 3200–4080 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 4550 (K), Lisowski S 12913 (BR), Snowden JD 462 (EA), Liebenberg 1625 (EA), Wood G 150 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to Tanzania.Macarangacapensis (Baill.) Sim – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Evergreen Forest, 10–3050 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 815 (EA). Native distribution range: Gabon to Kenya and S Africa.Macarangakilimandscharica Pax – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3000 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 906 (BR). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Neoboutoniamacrocalyx Pax – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3000 m. Vouchers: Styles B 306 (BR), Synge PM S789 (BR). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Uganda and S Tropical Africa.EXRicinuscommunis L. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Woodland edges, 900–2000 m. Vouchers: Padwa JH 40 (EA), Jack C 184 (EA). Native distribution range: NE Tropical Africa.Tragiabrevipes Pax – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Forest, woodland, wooded grassland, 600–2600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Somalia and Zimbabwe.48 Genera, 168 speciesAdenocarpusmannii Hook.f. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane forest, grassland, rock outcrop on moorland, 2250–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical African Mountains to Namibia.Aeschynomeneabyssinica Vatke – Habit: Shrub or herb. Habitat: Grassland, scattered grassland, stream sides, swamp edges, bamboo edges, 1000–3000 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 54 (UPS), Tweedie 1890 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0053 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Aeschynomeneschimperi Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Shrubby herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, marshes, riverside, 670–2500 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Afroamphicaafricana (Hook.f.) H.Ohashi & K.Ohashi – Habit: Climber herb. Habitat: Montane Forest edge, woodland, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Mwangangi OM 485 (BR). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and Malawi.Albiziaamarasubsp.sericocephala Brenan – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, wooded grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.Albiziagrandibracteata Taub. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, riverine forest, grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Bally 2498 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Tanzania.Albiziagummifera C.A.Sm. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, riverine forest, forest clearing, 1750–2440 m. Vouchers: Lugard 511 (EA), Mrs C Jack 434 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Central Madagascar.Alysicarpusglumaceus (Vahl) DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Flooded grassland, woodland, 1000–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 907 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Alysicarpusrugosussubsp.perennirufus J.Léonard – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Flooded grassland, 940–2500 m. Voucher: Tweedie 907 (EA). Native distribution range: Central African Republic to Eritrea and S Africa.Angylocalyxbraunii Harms – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Understory of montane forest, riparian forest, 800 m. Voucher: Lugard C & Lugard EJ 334 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa. Antopetitiaabyssinica A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, moorland, open bush land, 1700–3500 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0270 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Argyrolobiumfischeri Taub. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Forest, bushland, grassland, 1700–2700 m. Voucher: Gerh Lindblom sn (S). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Tropical Africa.Argyrolobiumrupestresubsp.kilimandscharicum (Taub.) Polhill – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest 2250–3300 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: South Sudan to E Tropical AfricaAstragalusatropilosulussubsp.burkeanus (Benth. ex Harv.) J.B.Gillett – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, open bushland, forest margin, moorland, 3900 m. Voucher: Lugard 334 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.EXBiancaeadecapetala (Roth) O.Deg. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Rainforest, tree grassland, bushlands, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Lugard 298 (EA). Native distribution range: India to S Central Japan.Calpurniaaurea (Aiton) Benth. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Montane Forest, 1300–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1584 (EA). Native distribution range: Central African Republic to Eritrea and S Africa.Chamaecristafalcinella (Oliver) Lock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded or bushy grassland, 1390–2650 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Chamaecristafalcinellavar.parviflora (Steyaert) Lock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to Namibia.Chamaecristakirkii Standl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally flooding grassland, 1600–2500 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Chamaecristamimosoides (L.) Greene – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Forest clearing, forest edge, grassland wooded grassland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie 4095 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Tropical Asia to N Australia.Chamaecristastricta E.Mey. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed and pusture grounds, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to S Africa, N & Central Madagascar.Chamaecristausambarensis Standl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland forest, grassland, near rocks and on roadsides, 1800–2590 m. Voucher: Mwangangi OM 481 (BR). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.Chamaecristawittei (Ghesq.) Lock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, bushland, 1740–2590 m. Voucher: Humphreys 1123 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and Mozambique.Coluteaabyssinica Kunth & C.D.Bouché – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane grassland, forest margin, bushlands, 2000–2800 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 859 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0241 . Native distribution range: Rwanda to NE & E Tropical Africa.Craibiabrownii Dunn – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, riverine, 1100–2200 m. Vouchers: Dale IR 3241 (BR), Jackson THE 377 (BR), Dale IR MA-261214-1 (MA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to Zambia.Crotalariaagatiflora Schweinf. ex Engl. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, woodland, shrubland, 1170–2100 m. Vouchers: Taylor G 3857 (MO), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0083 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Crotalariaagatiflorasubsp.engleri (Harms ex Baker f.) Polhill – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest, wet savanna, 2300–3500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Central Kenya to N Tanzania.*Crotalariaagatiflorasubsp.imperialis (Taub.) Polhill – Habit: Woody herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, bushlands, 2000–2300 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E DR Congo.Crotalariaanthyllopsis Welw. ex Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, rocky or wooded grasslands, 1200–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to South Africa.Crotalariabrevidens Benth. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, grassland, bushland, 1500–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Nigeria to NE & E Tropical Africa.Crotalariacephalotes Steud. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open grassland, woodland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Symes YE 232 (MO). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Crotalariachrysochlora Baker f. ex Harms – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, rocky disturbed places, 1700–2900 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Kenya and S Tropical Africa.Crotalariacleomifolia Welw. ex Baker – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Forest, grassland, bushland, 1150–2600 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Crotalariacylindrica A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, moorland, 2000–3550 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1418, 2088 (K). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Kenya.Crotalariadeserticola Taub. ex Baker f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Crotalariadewildemaniana R.Wilczek – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 116 , Tweedie EM 922 (MO). Native distribution range: Cameroon to E Tropical Africa.Crotalariaglauca Willd. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1150–2300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Crotalariahyssopifolia Klotzsch – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, roadside, outcrop rock, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 188. Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Crotalariaincanasubsp.purpurascens (Lam.) Milne-Redh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, 1250–2600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar, Arabian Peninsula, SW India.Crotalarialebrunii Baker f. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Streamside, clearings and forest edge, 2200–2750 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0177 . Native distribution range: Eastern DR Congo to Central Kenya.Crotalariakaragwensis Taub. – Habit: herb. Habitat: Open and wooded grasslands, bushlands, forest 1600–2300 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ 197 (K), Lugard EJ; Lugard C 530 (K). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and Tanzania.Crotalariakeniensis Baker f. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Streamside, forest edges, bushland, 1700–3200 m. Vouchers: Thomas AS 463 (MO), Mwangangi OM 465 (MO). Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to Tanzania.Crotalarialaburnifolia L. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Forest, grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Tropical Asia, N Australia.Crotalarialachnocarpoides Engl. – Habit: Bushy herb or small shrub. Habitat: Montane grassland, bushland, 1300–3000 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 956 (MO), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0080 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Crotalarialachnophora A.Rich. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Wooded grasslands, roadside, 1500–2200 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Crotalarianatalitia Meisn. – Habit: Herb or small shrub. Habitat: Forest edges, bushland, and wooded open grassland, 1600–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 1355 (MO), Snowden JD 932 (MO). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Crotalariapetitiana (A.Rich.) Walp. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, 700–2200 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: NE Tropical Africa to N Tanzania.Crotalariaquartiniana A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rare in forest edges, 2340–2650 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 1711 (K), Irwin PH 133A (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Crotalariarecta Steud. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, swamp margins, cultivated grounds, woodland, 850–2600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 1317 (MO), Snowden JD 931 (MO). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Crotalariaspinosa Hochst. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Wet savanna, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Crotalariavallicola Baker f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, 1300–2500 m. Voucher: Irwin PH 118 (MO). Native distribution range: Sudan to Tanzania.Crotalariavatkeana Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, and bushland, 2000–3300 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 535 (MO). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Tanzania.Dalbergialactea Vatke – Habit: Small tree or shrub. Habitat: Forest margin, riverine forest, bushland, grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 492 (NHMUK). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Dolichoscompressus R.Wilczek – Habit: herb. Habitat: Wooded grasslands, bushlands, 1000–2000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: S Sudan to Kenya.Dolichossericeussubsp.formosus (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Verdc. – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1930 (EA), Tothill BH 2699 (EA), Tweedie EM 241 (K). Native distribution range: Eritrea to E Tropical Africa, Angola.Dolichossericeussubsp.pseudofalcatus Verdc. – Habit: Climbing or prostrate herb. Habitat: Montane Forest edges, clearings, woodland, grassland, 1150–2780 m. Voucher: Lugard 89 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa to DR Congo.Dumasiavillosa DC. – Habit: Climber herb or shrub. Habitat: Wet forest edge, woodland, 1800–2550 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Entadaabyssinica Steud. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, wooded grassland, 1750–2290 m. Vouchers: Lugard 600 (EA), Hedberg O 1066 (UPS), Tweedie DR 1444 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Eriosemacordifolium Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1750– 2290 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 198 (K). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Kenya and Angola.Eriosemajurionianum Staner & De Craene – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest edges, wet savanna, 1750–2800 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Tanzania.Eriosemamacrostipulum Baker f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, grassland, around 2100 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Eriosemamontanum Baker f. – Habit: Shrubby herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1500–3300 m. Voucher: Gerh Lindblom (S). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Eriosemanutans Schinz – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, wet savanna, forest edges, 1200–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Nigeria, Eritrea to S Africa.Eriosemascioanumsubsp.lejeunei (Staner & De Craene) Verdc. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest clearings, upland grassland, 2100–2500 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 913 . Native distribution range: Nigeria to E Tropical Africa.Eriosemasparsiflorum Baker f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1860–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Kenya and Angola.Erythrinaabyssinica Lam. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0096 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to Botswana.Flemingiagrahamiana Wight & Arn. – Habit: bushy herb, shrub or small tree. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1170–2100 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa to Arabian Peninsula, S India, S China (Yunnan) to Indo-China.Galegalindblomii (Harms) J.B.Gillett – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grasslands, forest margins and bamboo area, 2000–3000 m. Vouchers: Bogdan A 4143 (K), Snowden 443 (EA), Gillett JB 18404 , BH Tothill 2375 (EA), Lugard 14 (EA), Beentje HJ 1938 (WAG), Lavranos JJ; Newton I 17768 A (WAG). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa .*Hylodesmumrepandum (Vahl) H.Ohashi & R.R.Mill – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Forest, streamsides, roadsides, 1450–3000 m. Vouchers: Stein W Bie (UPS), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0064 . Native distribution range: Africa, Arabian Peninsula, China (S Yunnan) to Tropical Asia.Indigoferaambelacensis Schweinf. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, rocky grounds roadsides, 1000–2200 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1735 (EA). Native distribution range: Congo to Eritrea and Tanzania.Indigoferaarrecta Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, grassland and forest edge, 300–2700 m. Voucher: Rwaburindore PK 465 (WAG). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Indigoferaatriceps Hook.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, montane forest, 1000–3010 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 862 (EA), Mwangangi OM 446 (BR), Wood GHS 427 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Indigoferabogdanii J.B.Gillett – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland, roadside, rock outcrop, 1750–2750 m. Vouchers: Beentje HJ 1938 (EA), Tweedie MR 46 (EA), Bogdan A 4143 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania.Indigoferabrevicalyx Baker f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, 1200–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 861, Tweedie EM 765 (K). Native distribution range: Eritrea to E Central & E Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Indigoferacircinella Baker f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Shallow soil grassland, roadside, Wooded grassland, 1100–2200 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to Zimbabwe.Indigoferaconjugata Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, wooded grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.EXIndigoferaemarginella Steud. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland, 900–2300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Eritrea and S Tropical Africa.EXIndigoferahomblei Baker f. & Martin – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane grassland, 1600–3100 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0097 . Native distribution range: Cameroon to Tanzania and Eswatini.Indigoferalongistaminata Schrire – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane grassland, thickets, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Kenya and Malawi.Indigoferamimosoides Baker – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, montane forest margin, 1150–2300 m. Voucher: Tweedie 874 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and S Africa.Indigoferaschimperivar.schimperi Jaub. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, 1000–3010 m. Voucher: Wood GHS 432 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.EXIndigoferaschlechteri Baker f. – Habit: Woody herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, roadside, bamboo zone, forest margin, 1500–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: S Africa.Indigoferaspicata Forssk. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed grassland and woodland, 0–2900 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Indigoferasubargentea De Wild. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, 1800–2000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and Zambia.Indigoferasubulatavar.scabra (Roth) Meikle – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.Indigoferatrita L.f. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, forest margin, 1700–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Indigoferavohemarensis Baill. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to N Mozambique, Comoros, Madagascar.Lablabpurpureus (L.) Sweet – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Riverine forest edge, 0001–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cape Verde, Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar, India.Lathyrushygrophilus Taub. – Habit: Straggling or climbing herb. Habitat: Swampy grassland, bamboo edges, 1800–4100 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Malawi.Lathyrussphaericus Retz. – Habit: herb. Habitat: Open scrubs, upland forest grassland, 1950–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: E Central Europe to Mediterranean and Afghanistan, Tropical African Mountains.Lotusbecquetii Boutique – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, rocky hillside, 2000–2870 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: South Sudan to Burundi.Lotusgoetzei Harms – Habit: Woody herb. Habitat: Grassland, open bushland, forest margin, on young volcanic soil, 1750–3140 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Macrotylomaaxillare (E.Mey.) Verdc. – Habit: Climbing or trailing herb. Habitat: Forest edges, bushlands, 0001–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula Sri Lanka, W Indian Ocean.EXMacrotylomaaxillarevar.glabrum (E.Mey.) Verdc. – Habit: Climbing or trailing herb. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Gardner in FD 2855 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Africa, W Indian Ocean.Mucunastans Welw. ex Baker – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1370–1780 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 924 (K). Native distribution range: Nigeria to W Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa.Neonotoniawightiisubsp.petitiana (A.Rich.) J.A.Lackey – Habit: Climber herb. Habitat: Forest edges, disturbed grounds, above 1500 m. Voucher: Kahuho S 5 (US). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania.Piliostigmathonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, wet grassland, woodland, 1750–1900 m. Voucher: Padwa JH 29 (EA). Native distribution range: Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Pseudarthriaconfertiflora (A.Rich.) Baker – Habit: Woody herb or subshrub. Habitat: Grassland, thickets, bracken areas, 1750–2280 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1362 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Pseudarthriahookeri Wight & Arn. – Habit: Woody herb or shrub. Habitat: Wet grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean.Pterolobiumstellatum (Forssk.) Brenan – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, Wooded grassland, grassland, bushland, 1750–2350 m. Voucher: Lugard 237 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Rhynchosiaelegans A.Rich. – Habit: Climbing or trailing herb. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Malawi, SW Arabian Peninsula.Rhynchosiaferruginea A.Rich. – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Uplands, subalpine grasslands, forest edges, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1405 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Rhynchosiahirta (Andrews) Meikle & Verdc. – Habit: Climbing herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, forest edges, 0001–1800 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, India Sri Lanka.Rhynchosiakilimandscharica Volkens ex Harms – Habit: Climbing or trailing herb. Habitat: Forest edges, grassland, bushland, 1750–2550 m. Voucher: Tweedie 721 (EA). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Rhynchosiaminima (L.) DC. – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, 150–2100 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.EXRhynchosiaminimavar.prostrata (Harv.) Meikle – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, woodland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Rhynchosiaorthobotrya Harms – Habit: Herb or undershrub. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1000–2100 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1140 (K). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Eritrea and Tanzania.Rhynchosiaresinosa (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Baker – Habit: Woody climbing herb. Habitat: Bushlands, 1530–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Rhynchosiausambarensis Taub. – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Uplands grasslands, forest, 1650–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Rwanda and Tanzania.Senegaliagoetzeisubsp.microphylla (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to South Africa.Senegaliapersiciflora (Pax) Kyal. & Boatwr. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, wooded grassland, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 2120 , Eggeling WJ 2490 (BR). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to DR Congo.EXSennabicapsularis (L.) Roxb. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Disturbed bushland/cultivation, grassland, roadside, 100–1900 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical America.Sennadidymobotrya (Fresen.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, woodland, 1750–2440 m. Vouchers: Jackson THE 304, 2940 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Sennapetersiana (Bolle) Lock – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Moist forest edge, wooded grassland, riverine forest, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and S Africa, Madagascar.Sennasingueana (Delile) Lock – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Woodland, wooded grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Dale IR 664, 684 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to NW Namibia.Sesbaniadummeri E.Phillips & Hutch. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Swamps, 1100–2000 m. Vouchers: Chater-Jack 131 (EA). Native distribution range: SW Kenya to Rwanda.Sesbaniasesban (L.) Merr. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Stream sides, 1750–2200 m. Voucher: Lugard 196 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Indian Subcontinent.Smithiaelliotii Baker f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamp in montane forest, 1170–2700 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1325 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Sphenostylisstenocarpa Harms – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 50–2300 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Tephrosiaemeroides A.Rich. – Habit: Woody herb. Habitat: Upland bushland, 1600–2600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: NE Tropical Africa to Uganda.Tephrosiaholstii Taub. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest margin, grassland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie DR 718 (BR). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania.Tephrosiainterrupta Hochst. & Steud. ex Engl. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane grassland, thicket, 1400–3100 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Tropical Africa.Tephrosianyikensis Baker – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Montane grassland, forest, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie 465 (K). Native distribution range: Kenya to S Tropical Africa.Tephrosiapaniculata Welw. ex Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, swamps, 1200–2400 m. Voucher: Lugard 229 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Tephrosiavogelii Hook.f. – Habit: Woody herb. Habitat: Forest margin, old cultivations, grassland, 0–2300 m. Vouchers: Lugard in Nat. Hist. soc 6023, Lugard C & Lugard EJ 6023 (EA), Beekley 6023 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Teramnusrepens Baker f. – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: NE Tropical Africa to Mozambique, Comoros, Madagascar, Arabian Peninsula, Pakistan to India.Teramnusuncinatus Sw. – Habit: Climber herb. Habitat: Forest, wooded grassland, 1700–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Mexico to Tropical America, Tropical Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Teramnusuncinatussubsp.ringoetii (De Wild.) Verdc. – Habit: Climber or prostrate herb. Habitat: Forest, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Trifoliumacaule Steud. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, rocky alpine zone, 3300–4100 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3309 (US). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Uganda.*Trifoliumburchellianum Ser. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, moorland, 1700–3700 m. Voucher: Powles 33 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Trifoliumcryptopodium Steud. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest openings, alpine zone, moorland, 2100–4200 m. Vouchers: Gillett JB 18412 (WAG), Tweedie DR 28, 29, 120 (EA), Lugard C 333 (EA), Knight J 55 (EA), Webster MVB 8797 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0164 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to Tanzania.Trifoliumelgonense J.B.Gillett – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, moorland, alpine zone, 2800–3500 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 266 , Gillett JB 18409 (WAG). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Uganda, .*Trifoliumlugardii Bullock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest margin, 1700–2650 m. Voucher: Lugard 656 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to Kenya.*Trifoliummultinerve A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, moorland, 1800–3700 m. Voucher: Gillett JB 18407 (WAG). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Rwanda.Trifoliumrueppellianum Fresen. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, moorland, 1700–3700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Eritrea and S Tropical Africa.Trifoliumsemipilosum Fresen. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1500–3000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Trifoliumsimense Fresen. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, woodland, 1750–3150 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Bioko to Eritrea and Zambia.Trifoliumsteudneri Schweinf. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, 1800–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Uganda.Trifoliumtembense Fresen. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest, moorland openings, alpine zone, 2000–3800 m. Voucher: Knight J 55 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Rwanda and Tanzania.Trifoliumusambarense Taub. ex Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 1500–2750 m. Voucher: Beentje HJ 1962 (WAG). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa.Tylosemafassoglense (Kotschy ex Schweinf.) Torre & Hillc. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Wooded grassland, grassland, bushland, 90–1900 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Vachelliaabyssinicasubsp.calophylla (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Montane forest, wooded grassland, woodland, 1750–2300 m. Voucher: Eggling 2475 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Tropical Africa.Vachelliaamythethophylla (Steud. ex A.Rich.) Kyal. & Boatwr. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, wooded grassland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie DR 1531 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Vachelliadrepanolobium (Harms ex Y.Sjöstedt) P.J.H.Hurter – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Sudan to Tanzania.Vachelliagerrardii (Benth.) P.J.H.Hurter – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, S Israel to Arabian Peninsula.Vachelliahockii (De Wild.) Seigler & Ebinger – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Woodland, wooded grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 2273 (MO). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Vachellialahai (Steud. & Hochst. ex Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, wooded grassland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Eggeling WJ 2477 , Lugard 513 (MO). Native distribution range: Eritrea to N Tanzania.EXVachelliasieberianavar.woodii (Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr. – Habit: Tree or shrub. Habitat: Woodland, wooded grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Sudan to S Africa.EXViciaeriocarpa (Hausskn.) Halácsy – Habit: Trailing or climbing herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Algeria, E Mediterranean to Arabian Peninsula.Viciahirsuta (L.) Gray – Habit: Trailing or climbing herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1950–3360 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 875 (K). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, Temperate Eurasia, N Africa to Tanzania.Viciapaucifolia Baker – Habit: Trailing or climbing herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest edges, 1500–2750 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Congo to Ethiopia and Zambia.Viciasativa L. – Habit: Trailing or climbing herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1700–3350 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Temperate Eurasia to Arabian Peninsula, Macaronesia, N Africa to Kenya.Viciasativasubsp.nigra (L.) Ehrh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, Temperate Eurasia, N Africa to Kenya.EXViciavillosa Roth – Habit: Trailing or climbing herb. Habitat: Escape from upland cultivation, forest, grassland, 1850–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Canary Islands, N Africa, Europe to Central Asia and Afghanistan.Vignafriesiorum Harms – Habit: Trailing herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1600–2400 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Vignafrutescens A.Rich. – Habit: Prostrate or climbing herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie DR (CIAT). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Vignafrutescenssubsp.incana (Taub.) Verdc. – Habit: Trailing woody herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, rocky places, 0–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon, E Tropical Africa.Vignaheterophylla A.Rich. – Habit: Climber herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1600–2300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR (CIAT). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and S Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.EXVignahosei (Craib) Backer – Habit: Climber herb. Habitat: Woodland, lower forest edge, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Taiwan, W Malesia.Vignamembranacea A.Rich. – Habit: Climber herb. Habitat: Forest, bushland, woodland, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 2229 (MO), Irwin PH (CIAT), Tweedie DR (CIAT). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Tanzania, SW Arabian Peninsula.Vignamonophylla Taub. – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1650–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Botswana.Vignaparkeri Baker – Habit: Twining, prostrate, or mat forming herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest margin, 1500–2900 m. Vouchers: Symes YE 252 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 180 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Vignaparkerisubsp.maranguensis (Taub. ex Engl.) Verdc. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1500–2900 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 433 (NHMUK), Lugard EJ (CIAT), Snowden JD (CIAT), Tweedie DR (CIAT), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0224 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Vignaschimperi Baker – Habit: Twiner herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, forest margin, riverside, 1250–2800 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 423 (K), Jackson G (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Malawi.Vignavexillata (L.) A.Rich. – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushlands esp. among rocks, 100–2500 m. Vouchers: Jack C 31 (EA), Boonman 6612 (EA), Webster MVB 9191 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.Zorniapratensis Milne-Redh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1200–2300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa.Zorniasetosa Baker f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1560–2350 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 804 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Namibia.Zorniasetosasubsp.obovata (Baker f.) J.Léonard & Milne-Redh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, cultivated land, 1100–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 804 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Zambia.1 Genus, 1 speciesCorydalismildbraedii Fedde – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, bamboo forest, upland moors, grassland, 2200–3600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1282 (K), 1522 (EA), Thomas 523 (EA), Tothill BH 2250 (EA), Williams JG 74/11 (BR). Native distribution range: S Central Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.5 Genera, 16 speciesAnthocleistagrandiflora Gilg – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 1500–2300 m. Vouchers: Dale U78 , Snowden JD 517 (MO). Native distribution range: Cameroon to South Sudan and S Africa, Comoros.Chironiaelgonensis Bullock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps in grassland, 1705–2325 m. Vouchers: Lugard C & Lugard EJ 21 (EA/K). Native distribution range: Kenya to N Zambia.Exochaeniumgrande Griseb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland on shallow soils, 1550–2550 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 64 (EA), Andersen R 17 (S), Tweedie 586 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Africa.Sebaeabrachyphylla Griseb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet path sides, streamside, montane grassland, heath zone, moorland, 1650–3500 m. Vouchers: Mwangangi OM 441 (EA), Knox EB 2618 (EA), Hedberg O 216 (S), Andersen R 288 (S), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0254 . Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Sebaealeiostyla Gilg – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, heath zone, 2000–3500 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 216 (EA), Tweedie EM 17 (EA), Sileshi Nemomissa 970828-3/1(EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Sebaeamicrophylla Knobl. – Habit: Saprophytic herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, forest, moist grassland and woodland, 1800–3000 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 119 (EA), Jack C 312 (EA), Lind EM 298 (EA), Thomas AS 460 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa, Socotra, SW Arabian Peninsula, Indian Subcontinent to China (Yunnan).Swertia Abyssinica Hochst. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, moorland, 2100–3300 m. Vouchers: Mulugeta Kekede 187, 202 (EA), Knox EB 2644 (EA), Rose 10204 (EA), Marrison 254 (EA), Tothill BH 2354 (S). Native distribution range: Bioko, Nigeria to SW Cameroon, Eritrea to Zambia.Swertiabrownii J.Shah – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, upland moist grassland, 1500–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 835 (EA), Hedberg O 98 (S), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0261 . Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Swertiacrassiuscula Gilg – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Stony, swampy shallow black loam soils, lower alpine mooorland zones, 2700–4500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 44, 3890 (EA), Mwangangi OM 311 (EA), Bickford N 18, 48 (EA), Tweedie DR 128, (EA), Williams 2147 (EA), Taylor G & Verdcourt B 2477 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0140 , Dummer RA 3750 (K), Hedberg 144 (EA), 963 (S) Rose 10206 (EA), Saund & Hancock 90 (EA), Hedberg 963 (EA), Lye 1412 (EA). Native distribution range: SE Uganda to N Tanzania.*Swertiakilimandscharica Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane, subalpine grassland, 2100–3840 m. Vouchers: Lye KA 1456 (EA), Hedberg O 261 (S), 4501 (EA), Gosnell JM 60, 630 (EA), Rauh W 598 (EA), Kirika P Mbale M & Muthoka P (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0137 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Malawi.Swertialugardae Bullock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upper forest edge, grassland, moorland, 3000–4321 m. Vouchers: Sileshi 970827-2/6 (EA), Tothill BH 2347 (EA), Mulugeta Kekede 203 (EA), Hedberg KO 4508 (K), Tweedie DR 4032 (EA), Mwangangi OM 317 (EA), Major C & Lugard EJ 409 , Bickford N 50 (EA), Kirika P & Muthoka P 1171 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to SE Uganda.Swertiasubnivalis T.C.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rare in wet mossy communities of alpine zone, along streams, 3600–4321 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 879 , 1018 (S). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Central Kenya.*Swertiatetrandra Hochst. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist grassland, 1550–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 397 (EA), Lind EM 294 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Zimbabwe.Swertiauniflora Mildbr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rare in alpine grassland, 3750–4321 m. Vouchers: Dale IR 3089 (EA), Simkin J 970828-3/4 (EA), Adamson J 488 (EA) Hedberg O 926 , Tweedie DR 10 (EA), Sileshi Nemomissa 970828-3/5 (EA), Eggeling WJ 5754 (EA), Knox EB 2619 (EA). Native distribution range: E Uganda to W Kenya (Mt. Elgon).**Swertiausambarensis Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, 1600–3900 m. Vouchers: Bie SW 269 (EA), Sileshi Nemomissa 970827-2/3 (EA), Mwangangi OM 317 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Swertiawelwitschii Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Marshes, roadsides, wet grassland 1845–2400 m. Voucher: Jack C 28 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.3 Genera, 10 speciesGeraniumaculeolatum Oliv. – Habit: Trailling or climbing herb. Habitat: Woodland, montane forest, 1800–3400 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0226 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Mozambique.Geraniumarabicum Forssk. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, montane forest, alpine belt, 1800–3940 m. Vouchers: Tothill BH 2377 (EA), Beentje HJ 1960 (WAG). Native distribution range: Egypt to Tropical Africa, Madagascar, SW Arabian Peninsula.EXGeraniumbequaertii De Wild. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, roadside, 1500–2100 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 425 (NHMUK). Native distribution range: E DR Congo.Geraniumkilimandscharicum Engl. – Habit: Prostrate herb. Habitat: Upper moor, upland grassland, forest, alpine zones, 2260–4300 m. Vouchers: Major EJ; Lugard EJ 411 (K), Lugard C 328 (K), Synge 976 (EA), Forbes 271 (EA), Hooper SS; Townsend CC 1463 (K), Irwin PH 122 (K), Tweedie DR 37 (K), Tweedie 1391 (K), Synge PM 1895 (NHMUK). Native distribution range: E Tropical African Mountains.*EXGeraniummascatense Boiss. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, woodland, 1600–2600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Egypt and NE Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula, SW & S Iran to NW India.Geraniumpurpureum Vill. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, woodland, 2200–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, Europe to Iran and Tanzania.Geraniumvagans Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest grassland, alpine zones, 2640–4321 m. Vouchers: Naiga 52 (K), Hedberg 844, Thomas AS 596 (EA), Rauh W 599 (EA), Adamson J 496 (EA), Luyard EF 356 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa to E Zambia.Monsoniaangustifolia E.Mey. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open woodland, grassland, river banks, wet grasslands, 1200–2600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Nigeria, Eritrea to S Africa, Madagascar.EXPelargoniumalchemilloides (L.) L’Hér. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, wooded grassland, outcrop rock, 1000–2800 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0082 . Native distribution range: E Zimbabwe to S Africa.Pelargoniumwhytei Baker – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, heath zone, 1700–3500 m. Voucher: Synge 1925 (EA). Native distribution range: Central Ethiopia to Zambia.1 Genus, 2 speciesTrichocladusellipticus Eckl. & Zeyh. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Upland forest, streams, swampy areas, 1750–2700 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0068 . Native distribution range: Subtropical Africa to South Africa.Trichocladusellipticussubsp.malosanus (Baker) Verdc. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Moist forest, 2000–2300 m. Voucher: Pole-Evans IB & Erens J 1502 (US). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.2 Genera, 11 speciesHarunganamadagascariensis Poir. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 1200–1800 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 967 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, W Indian Ocean.Hypericumannulatum Moris – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1100–2700 m. Vouchers: Maitland 1180 (EA), Snowden JD 522 (EA). Native distribution range: Sardegna, N & Central Balkan Peninsula, NE & E Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Hypericumannulatumsubsp.afromontanum (Bullock) N.Robson – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland and moor grassland, 3000–3700 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 479 (EA), Thomas AS 2700 (EA), Dummer RA 3301 (EA), Lugard 338a (EA), Gardner 2259 (EA). Native distribution range: SE Ethiopia to N Tanzania.*Hypericumkiboense Oliv. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest edge, 2100–3900 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3504 (EA), Liebenberg 1659 (EA), Soumdy & Hancock 60 (EA), Lugard C 323 (K), Townsend CC 2324 (K), Kisalye N 108 (K), George Taylor 3614 (BR), Katende 1120 (K). Native distribution range: E Tropical African Mountains.*EXHypericumlanceolatum Lam. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Forest, bushland, streamside, grassland, 1800–3360 m. Vouchers: Eggeling 2460 (EA), Tweedie 876 (EA). Native distribution range: Comoros, Réunion.Hypericumpeplidifolium A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine and subalpine grassland and stream edges, 1350–3600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 455 (EA), George Taylor 3660 (BM), Lugard EJ 205 (EA), Adamson J 467 (EA), Jack C 74 (EA), Mamwaring Miss 2667 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0060 . Native distribution range: Bioko to Eritrea and S Tropical Africa.Hypericumquartinianum A.Rich. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, gullies, river banks, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Chandler 432 (EA), Thomas AS 2607 (EA), Lugard 59 (EA), Tweedie 560, Tweedie DR 7 (EA), Gardner HM 2255 (EA), Jack C 39 (EA), Webb P 8751 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Hypericumrevolutumsubsp.keniense (Schweinf.) N.Robson – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3550 m. Vouchers: Thorold 2747 (EA), Humphreys, G 1026 €, Agnew ADQ; Agnew S 7284 (WAG), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0249 . Native distribution range: E Central & E African Mountains.Hypericumrevolutum Vahl – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3150 m. Vouchers: Mulugeta Kebede 205, 204, 185 (EA), Tweedie 63 (EA), Milne-Redhead E 181 (EA), Lugard EJ 472 (EA). Native distribution range: SE Nigeria to Bioko, Eritrea to South Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Hypericumroeperianum G.W.Schimp. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest, bamboo thickets, grassland, 1500–2900 m. Voucher: Tothill BH 2688 (EA). Native distribution range: Guinea, Nigeria to W Cameroon, Ethiopia to South Africa.Hypericumscioanum Chiov. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland moor, 1830–3600 m. Vouchers: Thomas AS 570 (EA), Hedberg O 182 (EA), 4502 (EA), Arnstein Lyle 5730 (EA), Mwangangi OM 477 (EA), Thorold CA 2744 (EA), Muthama M & Gehrke B 128 (EA), Knox EB 3844 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to NE Zambia.25 Genera, 79 speciesAchyrospermumschimperi Perkins – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane forest undergrowth, forest edge, associated bushland, 1200–3000 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1017 (EA), Chandler 1000 (EA), Mwangangi OM 305 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Tanzania.EXAeollanthuspubescens Benth. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, woodland, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to W Tanzania and Zambia.Aeollanthusrepens Oliv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, wooded grassland, 1550–3000 m. Vouchers: Lind EM 449 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0040 . Native distribution range: South Sudan to Mozambique.Aeollanthussuaveolens Mart. ex Spreng. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, cultivation, 1550–2400 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0112 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Ajugaintegrifolia Buch.-Ham. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest, woodland, forest, 1100–3400 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0148 . Native distribution range: NE & E Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Afghanistan to W New Guinea.Clerodendrumjohnstonii Oliv. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Montane forest, thicker or disturbed scrubland, 1300–2550 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 515 (EA). Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to Zambia.Clerodendrumrotundifolium Oliv. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Wet savanna, bushland, rocky places, stream banks, short grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon to South Sudan and Mozambique.Clinopodiumabyssinicum Kuntze – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Beentje HJ 1934 (UPS), Dummer RA 3609 (US). Native distribution range: NE Tropical Africa to N Tanzania, SW Arabian Peninsula.Clinopodiumkilimandschari (Gürke) Ryding – Habit: Trailing herb. Habitat: Alpine zones, 2900–4400 m. Vouchers: Tothill BH 2444 (EA), Wesche K 63 (EA), Hedberg O 264 (K), Tweedie 3 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia  to N Tanzania.*Clinopodiumsimense Kuntze – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upper montane forest edges, heath zone, 1700–3500 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3662 (EA), Beentje 1942 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Clinopodiumuhligii(Gürke)Rydingvar.uhligii – Habit: Herb/subshrub. Habitat: Heaths, woodland, upper forest edge, 1750–4180 m. Vouchers: Townsend CC 2325 (EA), Hedberg 4562 (EA), Dummer RA 3337 (EA), Wood GH 141 (EA), Lugard 363 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical African Mountains.*Clinopodiumuhligiivar.obtusifolium (Avetta) Ryding – Habit: Herb/subshrub. Habitat: Woodland, forest, upper forest edge, 1750–3150 m. Voucher: Thomas AS 2687 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical African Mountains.Coleusaegyptiacus (Forssk.) A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Outcrop rock, old cultivation, 1300 m. Voucher: Chandler 590 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Tanzania, SW Arabian Peninsula.Coleusalpinus Vatke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and Malawi.Coleusbarbatus (Andrews) Benth. ex G.Don – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: shallow soil, 880–2950 m. Vouchers: Padwa JH 36 (EA), Fack WC (92), Templer JT 244 (EA) Bush RZ 255 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Tanzania, Arabian Peninsula Indian Subcontinent to S Central China.Coleusbojeri Benth. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky grassland, woodland, disturbed grounds, forest clearing, 1200–2670 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Coleuscaninussubsp.flavovirens (Gürke) A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rock outcrops, eroded grasslands, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1736 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Coleuscomosus Hochst. ex Gürke – Habit: Herb or weak shrub. Habitat: acacia-commiphora bushland, 1000–2790 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0207 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to E Tanzania.Coleuscylindraceus (Hochst. ex Benth.) A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, outcrop rock, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula, S India.Coleusdeflexifolius (Baker) A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, weed in disturbed grounds, 1705–2210 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.Coleusdefoliatus (Hochst. ex Benth.) A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, Forest, 1700–2400 m. Vouchers: Gillett JB 20949 , Gardener 2254. Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Coleuskivuensis Lebrun & L.Touss. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Stony bushland, thicket edges, 1500–2500 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to N Tanzania.Coleuslactiflorus Vatke – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Rock outcrop, forest, woodland, wooded grassland, 1100–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N & NW Tanzania.Coleuslanuginosus Hochst. ex Benth. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, rock outcrop, grassland, forest, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 211 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0122 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to N Tanzania, SW Arabian PeninsulaColeusmaculosussubsp.edulis (Vatke) A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, bamboo zone, forest, upper forest edge, 1750–3150 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Coleusmeyeri (Gürke) A.J.Paton – Habit: herb or shrub. Habitat: Montane forest, by streams, 1550–3100 m. Voucher: Dale U19 (EA). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Ethiopia and Tanzania.Coleusniamniamensis (Gürke) A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy grassland, 900–2100 m. Vouchers: Lindblom sn (K) Tweedie 2918 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to Kenya.EXColeusrotundifolius (Poir.) A.Chev. & Perrot – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, wet savanna, outcrop rock, 1400–2400 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Asia.Coleusstachyoides (Oliv.) E.A.Bruce – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland or open acacia woodland. Voucher: Chandler 949 (EA). Native distribution range: Central African Republic to E Tropical Africa.Coleusstuhlmannii (Gürke) A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Marshes, wet savanna, 1860–2400 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to S Tropical Africa.Coleussylvestris (Gürke) A.J.Paton & Phillipson – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane forest, bamboo zone, 1750–3300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 882 (K), Mwangangi OM 374 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Coleustetradenifolius (A.J.Paton) A.J.Paton – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Rocky places, cliffs 1350–2700 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0113 . Native distribution range: Cameroon, South Sudan to E Tropical Africa.Coleusxylopodus (Lukhoba & A.J.Paton) A.J.Paton – Habit: Subshrub. Habitat: Open Combretum woodland, rock outcrop, grassland prone to burning, 1200–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1799 (EA). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to Uganda.Equilabiumagnewii (Lukhoba & A.J.Paton) Mwany. & A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky grassland, 1700–1900 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.Equilabiumcaespitosum (Lukhoba & A.J.Paton) Mwany. & A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky wooded grassland, 1850–2850 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to N Tanzania.Equilabiumkamerunense (Gürke) Mwany. & A.J.Paton – Habit: shrub. Habitat: Montane forest margins, bamboo zone, 1500–2950 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Cameroon, S Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Equilabiumlaxiflorum (Benth.) Mwany., A.J.Paton & Culham – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest, bamboo zone, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0182 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Equilabiumparvum (Oliv.) Mwany. & A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, woodland, 1700–2900 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1332 (EA), Bogdan 1411 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to N Zambia.Equilabiumpauciflorum (Baker) Mwany. & A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, thickets, grassland, rock outcrop, 1750–2100 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Uganda to Zambia.Fuerstiaafricana T.C.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Grassland, Acacia scrub, 1200–2550 m. Voucher: Lind EM 2584 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania.Haumaniastrumcaeruleum (Oliv.) P.A.Duvign. & Plancke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 2015–2325 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Haumaniastrumvillosum (Benth.) A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist outcrop rock, open woodland, open grassland, 1700–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 2920, 4139 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Hoslundiaopposita Vahl – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Roadside, forest, grassland, woodland, 750–2170 m. Voucher: Jack C 227 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Leonotisnepetifolia (L.) R.Br. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, weed of cultivation, 1000–2290 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa, Indian Subcontinent.Leonotisocymifolia (Burm.f.) Iwarsson – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Forest, disturbed places, 1770–3360 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 8 (EA), Lugard C 113 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.Leonotisocymifoliavar.raineriana (Vis.) Iwarsson – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland, lower and upper forest edge, grassland, 1750–3150 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.Leucasargentea Gürke – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Disturbed bushland, 1200–3350 m. Vouchers: Gillett JB20959 (EA), Thomas AS 554, 2382 (EA), Wood GH 123 (EA), Dummer RA 3581 (US), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0209 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Kenya.*Leucascalostachys Oliv. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Secondary bushlands, forest, grassland, 1600–2575 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 318 (EA). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to Tanzania and DR Congo.Leucasdeflexa Hook.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Open grassland, disturbed moist forest, 1600–2500 m. Voucher: Mwangangi OM 306 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Leucasmartinicensis (Jacq.) R.Br. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, in cultivation, 0–2200 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Leucasmasaiensis Oliv. – Habit: Trailing herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, 1280–2735 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to N Tanzania.*Leucasmasaiensisvar.tricrenata (Bullock) Sebald – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3150 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1525 (K), Tweedie EM 1425 (MO), Lugard CE|Lugard EJ 471 (MO), Irwin PH 221 (K), Wesche K 1437 (K), Sheil D; Katende T 2063 (K). Native distribution range: Kenya.*Leucasmasaiensisvar.venulosa (Baker) Sebald – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to N Tanzania.*EXLeucastettensis Vatke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Rwanda to S Tropical Africa.Menthaaquatica L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Marshes, 1950–2600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa, Europe to Central Siberia and W Asia.Micromeriaimbricata C.Chr. – Habit: Subshrub or woody herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, 1750–4300 m. Vouchers: Mwangangi OM 370 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0210 . Native distribution range: Africa to Arabian Peninsula.Micromeriaimbricatavar.villosa  Ryding – Habit: Subshrub. Habitat: Heath zone, grasslands, bushlands, 1850–4100 m. Voucher: Wesche K 192 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Nepetaazurea R.Br. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushed grassland, forest, upper forest edge, 1700–3700 m. Vouchers: Tothill BH 2315 (EA), Thomas 2656 (EA), Hedberg 4530 (EA), Tweedie EM 880 (K), Synge PM 854 (BR), Dummer RA 3307 (K), Battiscombe E 673 (US). Native distribution range: NE & E Tropical Africa.Ocimumafricanum Lour. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Damp disturbed grounds, 1800–2250 m. Voucher: Hancock 2388 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Ocimumgratissimum L. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, forest, woodland, 1100–2400 m. Voucher: Hurni MPP? 215 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Ocimumkilimandscharicum Gürke – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Wet savanna, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Webster MVB 8974 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Ocimumlamiifolium Hochst. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Montane forest edges, grassland, 1550–2500 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 213 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0073 . Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and Zambia.EXOrthosiphonrubicundus Benth. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Himalaya to Hainan and Indo-China.Orthosiphonschimperi Benth. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, grassland, 1600–2635 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Orthosiphonthymiflorus (Roth) Sleesen – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, forest, bushland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa, India to Indo-China, Central.Platostomarotundifolium (Briq.) A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swampy grassland, 1500–2800 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Premnaangolensis Gürke – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest edge, bushland, grassland, 900–1800 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 887 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Rothecamyricoides (Hochst.) Steane & Mabb. – Habit: Subshrub or shrubby herb or small tree. Habitat: Grassland, scrub, forest clearing, grazed bushland, 1180–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 159 (BR), Eggeling WJ 2443 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0078 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.EXSalviacoccinea Buc’hoz ex Etl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 500–2000 m. Voucher: Padwa JH 28 (EA). Native distribution range: SE America to N Argentina.Salviamerjamie Forssk. – Habit: herb. Habitat: Burnt grassland, 2300–4100 m. Vouchers: Lye 1457 (EA), Wesche K 101 (EA), Adane Asefa (O). Native distribution range: Eritrea to N Tanzania, SW Arabian Peninsula.Salvianilotica Juss. ex Jacq. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland and forest edges, 1800–3700 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 3600 (EA), Tothill BH 2386 (EA), Stein W Bie (UPS). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Tropical Africa.Scutellariaschweinfurthiisubsp.paucifolia (Baker) A.J.Paton – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, grassland subject to burning, 900–2600 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1048 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Scutellariaviolascens Gürke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, grassland, montane forest, 1200–2400 m. Voucher: Irwin PH 150 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Stachysaculeolata Hook.f. – Habit: Trailing herb. Habitat: Montane forest, alpine zone, 2920–3650 m. Voucher: Beentje HJ 1991 (WAG). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Stachysaculeolatavar.aculeolata – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bamboo/ericaceous belt, upper edge of forest, 1400–3750 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1427 (EA), Tothill BH 2379 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Stachysargillicola Sebsebe – Habit: Herd or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, 1500–2550 m. Voucher: Taylor 3868 (EA). Native distribution range: NE & E Tropical Africa.Tinneaaethiopica Kotschy ex Hook.f. – Habit: Shrub or herb. Habitat: Grassland, wooded grassland, 1750–2300 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O (UPS), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0041 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Vitexdoniana Sweet – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Combretum woodland, elephant grassland, wet forest, 0–1950 m. Voucher: Chater-Jack 2821 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, W Indian Ocean.Vitexfischeri Gürke – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wooded grassland, thickets, 1200–2080 m. Vouchers: Ahenda J sn (WAG), Ahenda J; Meroka D sn , Maesen LJG van der; Ahenda J 6212 (WAG). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Tropical Africa.1 Genus, 4 speciesUtriculariaarenaria A.DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, seasonal swamps, outcrop rock, 387–2950 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 339 (K), 868(K), 578 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar, Central India.Utriculariagibba L. – Habit: Aquatic/subaquatic herb. Habitat: Streams, fresh water pools, outcrop rock, 0010–2550 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World, America.Utriculariapentadactyla P.Taylor – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, grassland, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 1789 (K). Native distribution range: Central Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Utriculariareflexa Oliv. – Habit: Aquatic herb. Habitat: Fresh water pools, 1860–2790 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to N Botswana, Central Madagascar.1 Genus, 2 speciesLinumkeniense T.C.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland in shade, roadside, streamside, 2200–3360 m. Vouchers: Hedberg 142 (EA). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Linumvolkensii Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, by streams, 1100–2900 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.6 Genera, 12 speciesEXBonnayaciliata Spreng. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Asia to N Australia.Craterostigmaabyssinicum (Engl.) Eb.Fisch., Schäferh. & Kai Müll. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky grasslands, woodland, grassland, riverine forest, 1750–2500 m. Vouchers: Garderner 2258 (EA), Tweedie 295 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and Tanzania.Craterostigmahirsutum S.Moore – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 350–2100 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Craterostigmalindernioides E.A.Bruce – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet seasonal marshes, open grassland ponds, 1300–1600 m. Voucher: Lind EM 238 (EA). Native distribution range: E Uganda to Tanzania.*Craterostigmanewtonii (Engl.) Eb.Fisch., Schäferh. & Kai Müll. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Marshes, 1700–2200 m. Vouchers: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0029, SAJIT-PR 0115 . Native distribution range: Togo to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa.Craterostigmaplantagineum Hochst. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie 308 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula, India.Craterostigmapumilum Hochst. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, outcrop rock, upland grassland, 1800–3300 m. Vouchers: Bamps PRJ 6505 (WAG), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0018, SAJIT-PR 0091 , Snowden JD 934 (EA), Norman 261 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Botswana, Arabian Peninsula.Crepidorhopalonwhytei (Skan) Eb.Fisch. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Marshes, montane forests, 1300–2500 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Linderniaparviflora Haines – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Ephemeral pools on rocky outcrop, 1200–2000 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0026 . Native distribution range: Africa, Indian Subcontinent to Indo-China.Linderniellapulchella (Skan) Eb.Fisch., Schäferh. & Kai Müll. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Pools on outcrop, outcrop rocks, 400–2300 m. Vouchers: Lind EM 296 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0038, SAJIT-PR 0115 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Linderniellawilmsii (Engl.) Eb.Fisch., Schäferh. & Kai Müll. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Granite rock outcrop, 900–2300 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1192 (EA). Native distribution range: W Central Kenya to S Africa.Vandelliadiffusa L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: NE Turkey to Caucasus, Tropical Africa, Madagascar.7 Genera, 9 speciesAgelanthusbrunneus (Engl.) Tiegh. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, swamps, riverine forest, 1000–1800 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1951, Tweedie EM 925 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Agelanthusentebbensis (Sprague) Polhill & Wiens – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, 1100–2100 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1053 (MO), Chater-Jack EM 372 (MO). Native distribution range: Uganda to W Kenya.**Englerinawoodfordioides (Schweinf. ex Engl.) Balle – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane forest, 1350–3050 m. Vouchers: Jackson L 314 (EA), Tweedie EM, Snowden JD 1194 (EA), Tweedie EM 1269 (K), Katende 1121 (K), Trapson Clair 1760 (EA), Jackson THE 314, (EA), Polhill RM 4863 , Mwangangi OM 445 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0054, SAJIT-PR 0065 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Erianthemumdregei Tiegh. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest edges, bushlands, 1750–2590 m. Voucher: Tweedie EN 863 (K). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.Oncocalyxsulfureus (Engl.) Wiens & Polhill – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Upland forest, 0–2680 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to N Tanzania.Phragmantherausuiensis (Oliv.) M.G.Gilbert – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane forest, 1150–2600 m. Vouchers: Padwa JH 35 (EA), Chetea J 272 (EA), Jackson THE 2993 (EA), Napier ER 2529 (EA), Kokwaro JO 2506 (EA), Tweedie EM 1131 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0067 . Native distribution range: Cameroon to SW Ethiopia and Zambia.Plicosepaluscurviflorus Tiegh. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bushland, wooded grassland, 500–2320 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 1153 . Native distribution range: SE Egypt to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Tapinanthusbuvumae (Rendle) Danser – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Wooded grasslands, 750–1200 m. Voucher: Tweedie 118 (EA). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Tapinanthusconstrictiflorus (Engl.) Danser – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Gabon to Kenya and Angola.3 Genera, 6 speciesEXAmmanniaaegyptiaca Willd. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, outcrop rock, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Egypt to Angola, India.Ammanniaprieuriana Guill. & Perr. – Habit: herb. Habitat: Grassland, pools on rock outcrop, cultivation, 1800–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1492 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa to Israel.Ammanniaschinzii (Koehne) S.A.Graham & Gandhi – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Syme 317 (EA). Native distribution range: S Tropical & S Africa.Ammanniawormskioldii Fisch. & C.A.Mey. – Habit: herb. Habitat: Roadsides, pools on rock outcrop, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie 3473 (EA). Native distribution range: W Ethiopia to Namibia.Lythrumrotundifolium Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Aquatic or semiaquatic herb. Habitat: Along streams in open places, 1700–3300 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0259 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Malawi.Rotalarepens (Hochst.) Koehne – Habit: Aquatic herb. Habitat: Forest, spray of waterfall, 1200–1900 m. Voucher: Wallace JRM 10a (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S DR Congo13 Genera, 36 speciesAbutilonlongicuspe Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Upland forest edges, 1650–3300 m. Vouchers: Katende; Sheil 1865 (K), Sheil; Van Heist 1980 (K), Irwin PH 46 (BR), Bickford N 15 (EA), Jack C 178 (EA). Native distribution range: NE Sudan to S Tropical Africa.Abutilonmauritianum (Jacq.) Medik. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Forest edge, disturbed grounds, 0–2300 m. Vouchers: Padwa JH 33, Tweedie DR 177 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Comoros.Dombeyaburgessiae Gerrard ex Harv. – Habit: Tree or shrub. Habitat: Woodland, lower forest edge, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Oxtoby E 6 (EA), Dale IR 808 (EA), Fairbairn G 799 (EA), Jack C 13 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0049 . Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Africa.Dombeyarotundifolia Planch. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Woodland, lower forest edge, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Eggeling 2487 (EA). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to S Africa.Dombeyatorrida (J.F.Gmel.) Bamps – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, bamboo woodland, 2250–3050 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Central African Republic to NE & E Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Grewiasimilis K.Schum. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, thickets, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Grewiastolzii Ulbr. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Riverine forest, woodland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Jackson 436 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Tropical Africa.Grewiatrichocarpa Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Acacia bush, riverine forest, grassland, 900–2150 m. Voucher: Templer JT 67 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to N & Central Tanzania, SW Arabian Peninsula.Hibiscusaethiopicus L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Symes 360 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to E Central & E Tropical Africa, S Africa, and Yemen.Hibiscusaponeurus Sprague & Hutch. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 250–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Djibouti to N Mozambique.Hibiscusarticulatus Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Seasonally water-logged grasslands, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1314 (EA). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Ethiopia and Botswana.Hibiscuscalyphyllus Cav. – Habit: Shrub or herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest, 700–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, W Indian Ocean.Hibiscuscannabinus L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 600–2600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Hibiscusdiversifolius Jacq. – Habit: Small tree, shrub or herb. Habitat: Forest, swamps, savanna, 1330–2800 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa.Hibiscusfuscus Garcke – Habit: Woody herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, thickets, 1400–2650 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0062 . Native distribution range: Djibouti to S Africa.Hibiscusludwigii Eckl. & Zeyh. – Habit: Shrub or herb. Habitat: Roadside, forest, 1800–3000 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 818 (EA), Tiyoy L 1331 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Zimbabwe, South Africa.Hibiscusmacranthus Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Shrub or woody herb. Habitat: Forest grassland, 1500–2900 m. Voucher: Symes 387 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Eritrea to Tanzania.Hibiscusvitifolius L. – Habit: Shrub or herb. Habitat: Forest, woodland, 420–2250 m. Voucher: Lugard 454 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Kosteletzkyaadoensis Mast. – Habit: Herb or subshrub . Habitat: Montane forests, grassland thickets, 1200–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Kosteletzkyabegoniifolia Ulbr. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Upland montane forest, swamps, marshes, moist thickets, 1450–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie 820 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Ethiopia to South Tropical AfricaEXMalvaverticillata L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushlands, bamboo zones, alpine zones, woodland, forest, 1500–4000 m. Voucher: Tweedie DR 6 (EA). Native distribution range: NE Tropical Africa, Central Asia to Korea.Melhaniavelutina Forssk. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Riverine forest, grassland, 0010–2000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Angola, SW Arabian Peninsula.Melochiacorchorifolia L. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Woodland, forest edge, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Pavoniaburchellii (DC.) R.A.Dyer – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest edge, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0059 . Native distribution range: Egypt to S Africa.Pavoniakilimandscharica Gürke – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bamboo zone, Ocotea and Podocarpus forest, 1200–3000 m. Voucher: Irwin PH 107 (EA). Native distribution range: Bioko, Cameroon, Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Pavoniaschimperiana Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Shrubby herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, swamp edges, thickets forest, 1100–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1374 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Pavoniaurens Cav. – Habit: Shrubby herb or shrub. Habitat: Forest, 1200–3000 m. Vouchers: Ross R 1340 (BR), 1345 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Sidarhombifoliavar.serratifolia (R.Wilczek & Steyaert) Verdc. – Habit: Suffrutex shrub. Habitat: Forest, disturbed places, 900–2600 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Sidaschimperiana Hochst. ex A.Rich – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, overgrazed areas, roadsides, 1200–2700 m. Voucher: Lind EM 292 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to N Tanzania.Sidaternata L.f. – Habit: Herb or undershrub. Habitat: Montane forest, bamboo, pathsade, 1350–3280 m. Voucher: Naiga 503 (K). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.Sparrmanniaricinocarpa Kuntze – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, 1200–3350 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3586 (US). Native distribution range: E Cameroon to Eritrea and S Africa, Madagascar.Triumfettabrachyceras K.Schum. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Woodland, forest edge, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3629 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Burundi and Tanzania.Triumfettacordifolia A.Rich. – Habit: Woody herb or shrub. Habitat: Montane forest, woodland, 1000–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1533 (EA), Kahuko 14 (EA). Native distribution range: W & W Central Tropical Africa.Triumfettarhomboidea Jacq. – Habit: Herb or undershrub. Habitat: Forest, disturbed places, roadsides, 1100–2200 m. Vouchers: Chair-Jack 70 (EA), Goldschmidt W 37 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Triumfettatomentosa Bojer – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest clearings and old cultivation, 350–2100 m. Voucher: Jack C 155 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to Namibia.Urenalobata L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed cultivations, roadsides, 1250–2300 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0192 . Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical.3 Genera, 4 speciesAntherotomanaudinii Hook.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Shallow soils by streams, outcrop rock, 500–2300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Antherotomasenegambiensis (Guill. & Perr.) Jacq.-Fél. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadside, disturbed grassland, outcrop rock, 1350–2650 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Argyrellacanescens (Graham) Harv. – Habit: Woody herb. Habitat: Burnt or swampy grassland, 800–2200 m. Voucher: Jack C 89 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Africa.Dissotisspeciosa Taub. – Habit: Woody herb or shrub. Habitat: Streamside, marshes, 1000–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Uganda to NE Zambia.4 Genera, 6 speciesEkebergiacapensis Sparrm. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, upper forest adge, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Styles BT 315 , Snowden JD 965 (MO), Gillett JB 20948 (MO), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0105 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Entandrophragmaangolense C.DC. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 1100–1830 m. Vouchers: Styles 213 (EA), Eggeling 5602 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Entandrophragmaexcelsum Sprague – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Montane Forest, riverine forest, 1525–2150 m. Voucher: Styles 319 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to N Malawi.Lepidotrichiliavolkensii (Gürke) J.-F.Leroy – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 1550–2600 m. Vouchers: Style 180 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0046 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Burundi and Malawi.Turraeafloribunda Hochst. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Africa.Turraeaholstii Gürke – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 1750–2500 m. Vouchers: Bamps PRJ 6510 (WAG), Smyes 264 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0006, SAJIT-PR 0194 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Malawi.1 Genus, 2 speciesBersamaabyssinica Fresen. – Habit: Tree or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, 1140–2550 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0217 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Bersamaabyssinicasubsp.paullinioides (Planch.) Verdc. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Thickets, upland grassland, 1800–2400 m. Vouchers: Lugard 325 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0056 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.3 Genera, 5 speciesCissampelosmucronata A.Rich. – Habit: Liane. Habitat: Swamps, forest edge, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 1304 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Cissampelospareira L. – Habit: Liane. Habitat: Rain forest, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Beentje HJ 1971 (WAG), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0052 . Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.Hyalosepalumcaffrum (Miers) Troupin – Habit: Liane. Habitat: Forest, rock outcrop, bushland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1034 (EA), Tweedie EM 3126 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Stephaniaabyssinica Walp. – Habit: Liane. Habitat: River edges in forest, grassland, woodland, 2120–3300 m. Vouchers: Lugard 447 (EA), Gillett JB 20947 (WAG), Dummer RA 3641 (EA), Andersen R 364 (S), Granvik H 134 (S), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0051 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Stephaniacyanantha Welw. ex Hiern – Habit: Liane. Habitat: Swamps, volcanic lava, 3000–3150 m. Vouchers: Major EJ; Lugard Cyril 502a (K) 502 (EA). Native distribution range: Sierra Leone, Bioko to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa.1 Genus, 1 speciesXymalosmonospora Baill. – Habit: Shrub or small to medium size tree. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3000 m. Vouchers: Mwangangi OM 417 (MO), Wesche K 1850 (MO), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0187 . Native distribution range: SE Nigeria to W Cameroon, Gulf of Guinea Islands, S Sudan to South Africa.3 Genera, 7 speciesAntiaristoxicariavar.usambarensis (Engl.) C.C.Berg – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, riverine or semi-swampy forest, up to 1700 m. Voucher: St Clair Thomson in Eggeling 3957 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to N Zambia.Dorsteniabarnimiana Schweinf. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Stony grasses, 1080–2170 m. Voucher: Adamson J 450 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Yemen and Zambia.Dorsteniabenguellensis Welw. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, wooded grassland, 1000–2450 m. Voucher: Jack 262 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon to W Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa.Ficusingens Miq. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Walter 6 (EA). Native distribution range: S Algeria to Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Ficusnatalensis Hochst. – Habit: Tree or shrub. Habitat: Forest, woodland, riverine forest, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ivory Coast to Sudan and S Africa.Ficussur Forssk. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, riverine forest, wooded grassland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa to Arabian Peninsula.Ficussycomorus L. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, woodland, outcrop rock, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa to Syria.1 Genus, 2 speciesMyricameyerijohannis Engl. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Upland grassland, moor, ericaceous zone, (1950)–2700–3700 m. Vouchers: Harnilton & Perrott 756/433 (EA), Snowden JD 814 (EA), Wesche K 1182 (EA). Native distribution range: Central Kenya to N Tanzania.Myricasalicifolia Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Forest, 3150–4321 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Eritrea to Burundi, Madagascar, SW Arabian Peninsula.1 Genus, 2 speciesSyzygiumcordatum Hochst. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, grassland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Edward Mwangi 216 (EA), Jackson THE 345 (EA), Jack C 207 (EA), Eggeling WJ 2483 . Native distribution range: Uganda to S Africa.Syzygiumguineense DC. – Habit: Tree, shrub or pyrophytic subshrub. Habitat: Riverine forest, woodland, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Taylor 3847 (MO), Naiper 2528 (MO), Snowden JD 1080 (MO). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.1 Genus, 2 speciesNymphaeanouchali Burm.f. – Habit: Aquatic herb. Habitat: Permanent water bodies, 0–2680 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World to N Australia.Nymphaeanouchalivar.caerulea (Savigny) Verdc. – Habit: Aquatic herb. Habitat: Permanent water bodies, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Egypt to S Africa, S Arabian Peninsula, Comoros.1 Genus, 4 speciesOchnaafzelii R.Br. ex Oliv. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Grassland on rocky hills, bushland, forest, 1150–1350 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 873 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Ochnaholstii Engl. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest, riverine forest, thickets, woodlands, 2250–3000 m. Vouchers: Dale IR 3121 , Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0069 . Native distribution range: S Central Ethiopia to S Africa.Ochnainsculpta Sleumer – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, lower forest edge, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie 21 (EA). Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to N Tanzania.Ochnamembranacea Oliv. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest, 1050–2250 m. Voucher: Jackson 417 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.1 Genus, 1 speciesStrombosiascheffleri Engl. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Rain forest, 800–2500 m. Voucher: St Clair-Thomson in Eggeling 3940 (K). Native distribution range: Nigeria to South Sudan and S Tropical Africa.4 Genera, 10 speciesEXFraxinusquadrangulata Michx. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Roadside, forest, 2590 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0257 . Native distribution range: N Central & E Central America.Jasminumabyssinicum R.Br. – Habit: Climbing shrub. Habitat: Shrubland, open and riverine forest, 900–3000 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0225 . Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and S Africa.Jasminumfluminense Vell. – Habit: Climbing shrub. Habitat: Woodland on shallow soil, 280–2650 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa to Arabian Peninsula.Jasminumgrandiflorumsubsp.floribundum (R.Br. ex Fresen.) P.S.Green – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Bush on open ground, 400–2480 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 831 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0085 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to Rwanda, Arabian Peninsula.Oleacapensis L. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wet land forest, 1150–2550m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0007 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Oleacapensissubsp.macrocarpa (C.H.Wright) I.Verd. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Oleaeuropaea L. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3000 m. Vouchers: Ashburner M LCA 8 (EA), Taiti S 2 (EA), Fairbairn G 801 (EA). Native distribution range: Africa, Mediterranean to S Central China.Oleaeuropaeasubsp.cuspidata  Cif. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 950–2400 m. Vouchers: Fairbairn G 801 (US), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0017 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, Mascarenes, Arabian Peninsula to China (Yunnan).Oleawelwitschii Gilg & G.Schellenb. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Schreberaalata Welw. – Habit: shrub or tree. Habitat: Bushland and forest, 1950–2400 m. Vouchers: (Fr), Jackson THE 344a (EA), Snowden JD 1016 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.2 Genera, 4 speciesEpilobiumhirsutum L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, woodland, 11900–2690 m. Vouchers: Major and Mrs Lugard 499 (EA), Symes YE 332 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0263 . Native distribution range: Temperate Eurasia to Africa.Epilobiumsalignum Hausskn. – Habit: Woody herb. Habitat: Swampy places near streams, woodland, 1800–2830 m. Vouchers: Mrs Powles 35 (EA), Symes YE 520 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Epilobiumstereophyllum Fresen. – Habit: Stoloniferous herb. Habitat: Swamps, moor grassland, along water course, upper forest edge, 2600–3660 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 1000 (EA), 4449 (EA), Adamson J 491 (EA), Svein Manum 64 (O), Tweedie DR 21 (EA), Taylor G 3695 (EA), Bush RZ 250 (EA), Lisowski S 56570 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0260 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Malawi.Ludwigiaabyssinica A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Swamps, along rivers, woodland, 1000–2300 m. Voucher: Lugard C & Lugard EJ 335 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.9 Genera, 26 speciesAlectraorobanchoides Benth. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, grassland, montane scrub, rock outcrop, 1750–2000 m. Voucher: Tweedie 2230 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda to S Africa.Alectrasessiliflora (Vahl) Kuntze – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, forest, 1850–3000 m. Vouchers: Major Lugard sn (EA), Mwangangi OM 411 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0157 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa to Philippines.Alectravogelii Benth. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Bellardiatrixago (L.) All. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine zone, rocky places, grassland, 930–3100 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, Mediterranean to Iran and W Central Kenya, South Africa.Buchneracapitata Burm.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, forest, 1750–2540 m. Vouchers: Wood 483 (EA), Irwin PH 245 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Buchnerahispida Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Indian Subcontinent.Buchneranuttii Skan – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1670–2170 m. Voucher: Jack C 97 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Tropical Africa.Buchneraruwenzoriensis Skan – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1200–1900 m. Vouchers: Wood 478 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda, Angola, Zambia.Cycniumadonense E.Mey. ex Benth. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 1750–2500 m. Vouchers: Lugard C 568 (EA), Jack C 234 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Cycniumerectum Rendle – Habit: Woody herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, forest, grassland, 1500–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1724 (EA), Snowden JD 935 (EA), Dale 3094 (EA), Irwin PH 449 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Uganda.Cycniumherzfeldianum (Vatke) Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, 1750–2500 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 72 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0058 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to DR Congo.Cycniumjamesii (Skan) O.J.Hansen – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Marshy grasslands, wooded grassland, 1500–2550 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 867 (EA), James E sn (K). Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to Burundi.Cycniumrecurvum Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbed grassland, outcrop rock, forest, 1500–3150 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1477 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to N Malawi.Cycniumtenuisectum (Standl.) O.J.Hansen – Habit: Herb or week shrub. Habitat: Upland grassy marshes, 1800–3500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 17 (EA), Dummer RA 3399 (EA), Williams JW 74/5 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0127 . Native distribution range: S Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Cycniumtubulosum Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland bushland, outcrop rock, 1800–3000 m. Vouchers: Symes YE 243 (EA), Lugard EJ 139 (EA), Lind EM 2153 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Hedbergiaabyssinica (Benth.) Molau – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, upper forest edge, 1750–4300 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 450 (S), Hedberg et al. 2101 (EA). Native distribution range: S Nigeria to Cameroon, Ethiopia to Malawi.Hedbergiadecurva (Hochst. ex Benth.) A.Fleischm. & Heubl – Habit: Herb or undershrub. Habitat: Alpine belt, moorland, upper forest edge, 3150–4321 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 09 (EA), Osmaston 4011 (EA), Leibenberg 1649 (EA), Bush RZ 254 (EA), Hedberg O 868 (EA), Tweedie DR 60 (EA), Thomas AS 538 (EA), Ekkens DB 409 (EA), Mwangangi OM 316 (EA), Gardiner N 21877 (EA), Gardiner N 1345 (EA), Bitzford N 23 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Uganda and N Tanzania.Hedbergialongiflora (Hochst. ex Benth.) A.Fleischm. & Heubl – Habit: Herb or Undershrub. Habitat: Forest, heath zone, 2950–3840 m. Vouchers: Wilson G 1240 (EA), Hedberg O 4459 (EA), Lye and Po in Lye 23072 (EA), Tweedie 2425 (K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Uganda and N Tanzania.Hedbergialongiflorasubsp.macrophylla (Hedberg) A.Fleischm. & Heubl – Habit: herb or subshrub. Habitat: Upper forest edge, heath, afro-alpine zone, 2400–3800 m. Vouchers: Lye & Poe in Lye 23072 (EA), Hedberg 4459 (EA). Native distribution range: E Central Tropical Africa .Micrargeriafiliformis (Schumach. & Thonn.) Hutch. & Dalziel – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, seepages in woodland, outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Vouchers: Lind EM 472 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Orobancheminor Sm. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest, 800–2480 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0163 . Native distribution range: Europe to N Iraq, Macaronesia to Arabian Peninsula.Sopubiaeminii Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1000–2790 m. Voucher: Tweedie 691 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Sopubiaramosa Hochst. – Habit: Herb or undershrub. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1600–2170 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.EXSopubiatrifida Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Outcrop rock, 1800–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: S China to Tropical Asia.Strigaasiatica (L.) Kuntze – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 0–2480 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Strigaforbesii Benth. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1060–2350 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.2 Genera, 5 speciesBiophytumabyssinicum Steud. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky grounds, grassland, forest, 1200–2650 m. Voucher: Jack C 49 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Eritrea.Oxalisanthelmintica A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, riverine forest edges, 830–2400 m. Voucher: Hedberg 810 (EA). Native distribution range: Sudan to S Tropical Africa.EXOxaliscorniculata L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upper forest edge and moorland, 0–4100 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3517 (EA), Tweedie 2674, 2675, Jack C 135 (EA), Synge PM s 942 (WAG). Native distribution range: Mexico to Venezuela and Peru, Caribbean.EXOxalislatifolia Kunth – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, forest, cultivation, 1300–2500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical America.Oxalisobliquifolia Steud. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist rock outcrops, woodland, lower forest edge, 1750–3400 m. Voucher: Wesche K 1558 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.1 Genus, 1 speciesFumariaabyssinica Hammar – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland Forest, bamboo, upland moor, 2100–3400 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 1781 , Hedberg O 4473 (EA), Tothill BH 2277 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Malawi, SW Arabian Peninsula.1 Genus, 1 speciesAdeniabequaertii Robyns & Lawalrée – Habit: Woody climber. Habitat: Upland forest, riverine forest, 1350–2300 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: E DR Congo to SW Kenya.1 Genus, 1 speciesEXSesamumindicum L. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Forest, grassland, roadside 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Indian Subcontinent.1 Genus, 1 speciesOliniarochetiana A.Juss. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Forest, fire degraded forest, 1680–3000 m. Vouchers: Ekkens DB 418 (EA), Eggeling 2484 (EA), Cheseny CMC 31 (EA), Napier ER 2535 (EA), Major & Lugard EJ 202 (EA), Jackson THE 1088 (EA), Tweedie DR 1287 (BR), Jackson 337 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0213 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Tanzania.2 Genera, 3 speciesBrideliamicrantha (Hochst.) Baill. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Woodland, forest, along rivers, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Jackson THE 346 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Mascarenes.Phyllanthusfischeri Pax – Habit: Shrub or herb. Habitat: Forest edges, 1650–2960 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Phyllanthusnummulariifolius Poir. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Woodland, wooded grassland, forest edge, 630–2650 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa.1 Genus, 1 speciesPhytolaccadodecandra L’Hér. – Habit: Climbing or scrambling shrub. Habitat: Riverine forest, 1650–2450 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.2 Genera, 5 speciesPeperomiaabyssinica Miq. – Habit: Epiphytic herb in leaf-litters. Habitat: Montane forest, 1600–2950 m. Vouchers: Bamps PRJ 6490 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0196 . Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and Malawi.Peperomiaretusa A.Dietr. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Mist forest, streams, rocky places, mossy trunks, 1400–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie 3335 (EA), RH Goodwin 120 (GH). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.Peperomiatetraphylla Hook. & Arn. – Habit: Epiphytic herb. Habitat: Forest, 1400–2450 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O (UPS), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0195 . Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.Pipercapense L.f. – Habit: Shrub, subshrub, liana or herb. Habitat: Forest undergrowth, mixed bamboo-forest, 1200–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.EXPiperumbellatum L. – Habit: Shrub or woody herb. Habitat: Moist forest, 1190–2100 m. Vouchers: Katende 651 (K), Tiyoy LM 1505 (K). Native distribution range: Mexico to Tropical America.1 Genus, 2 speciesPittosporumabyssinicum Delile – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 2250–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E & E Central Tropical Africa.Pittosporumviridiflorum Sims – Habit: Tree or shrub. Habitat: Forest, bushland, riverine forest, 900–2550 m. Vouchers: Gardner HM 610 (EA), Katende AB 3603 (UPS). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar, Arabian Peninsula.5 Genera, 11 speciesCallitrichekeniensis Schotsman – Habit: Aquatic herb. Habitat: Small pools, streams, 2100–4250 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 116 (EA), O Hedberg 939 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda (Mt Elgon) to Kenya (Mountains).*EXCallitrichestagnalis Scop. – Habit: Aquatic herb. Habitat: Streams, ponds, crater moorland, 2150–4250 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 939 (EA). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, NW Africa, Europe to Turkey.Misopatesorontium (L.) Raf. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, cultivation, roadside, 1650–2730 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, Mediterranean to NE Sudan.EXPlantagolanceolata L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadside, wooded grassland, 1650–2750 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0072 . Native distribution range: Macaronesia, N Africa to Mauritania, Temperate Eurasia.Plantagopalmata Hook.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, roadside, 1705–4030 m. Vouchers: Jack C 177 (EA), 228 (EA), Beentje HJ 1970 (EA), Mwangangi OM 323 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0165 . Native distribution range: Bioko to Ethiopia and Zimbabwe.Sibthorpiaeuropaea L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, roadsides, 2150–3750 m. Vouchers: Hedberg sn, Dummer RA 3521 (EA), Hedberg 270 (EA), Kisalye N; van Heist 134 (K). Native distribution range: Azores, W & S Europe to Tropical African Mountains.Veronicaabyssinica Fresen. – Habit: Trailing herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland edges, 1560–3900 m. Vouchers: Tothill BH 2335 (EA), Beentje HJ 1969 , Hedberg O 989 (EA), Webster MVB 8943 (EA), Bush RZ 285 (EA), Taylor G 3723 . Native distribution range: Nigeria to Somalia and S Tropical Africa.Veronicaanagallis-aquatica L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Woodland, permanent shallow running waters, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 2237 (EA), Hedberg O (UPS). Native distribution range: Temperate Eurasia to Tropical Mountains.EXVeronicacalycina R.Br. – Habit: Trailing herb. Habitat: Rocky upland soils, 2700–4300 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 88 (EA), Hedberg 9411 (EA). Native distribution range: SW Western Australia, SE Queensland to SE Australia.Veronicaglandulosa Hochst. ex Benth. – Habit: Trailing herb. Habitat: Upper montane forest, alpine, moorland, 2000–4100 m. Vouchers: Irwin PH 363 (EA), Hedberg O 857, 4549 (EA), Lye KA 5724 (EA), Webster MVB 8942 (EA), Tweedie DR 16, 69, 129, 4030 (EA), Dale IR 3187 (EA), Mwangangi OM 309 (EA), Bickford N 51 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Veronicajavanica Blume – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1800–2790 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1448 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Tropical Africa, Tropical & Subtropical Asia.1 Genus, 1 speciesPlumbagomontis-elgonis Bullock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, riverine, 1350–2170 m. Vouchers: Lugard C 657 (K), 637 (EA). Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to NW Tanzania.2 Genera, 2 speciesLedermanniellamaturiniana Beentje – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Waterfalls, fast flowing water, 800–1500 m. Voucher: Taylor G 3140 . Native distribution range: Kenya.*Tristichatrifaria Spreng. – Habit: Aquatic herb. Habitat: Streams and rivers, woodland, 1300–2300 m. Voucher: Thomas AS 2013 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.1 Genus, 10 speciesPolygalaalbida Schinz – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, wooded grassland, cultivated fields, 1400–2300 m. Voucher: Symes YE 233 (EA). Native distribution range: E Ethiopia, Rwanda to S Africa.Polygalaalbidasubsp.stanleyana (Chodat) Paiva – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, woodland, cultivation, grassland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to Namibia.Polygalaerioptera DC. – Habit: Herb or shrublet. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, woodland, rock outcrop, 120–2000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Arabian Peninsula, India subcontinent to Indo-China, Africa.Polygalaohlendorfiana Eckl. & Zeyh. – Habit: Prostrate herb. Habitat: Burnt grassland, 1800–2750 m. Voucher: Jex-Blake B 1259 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya to S Africa.Polygalapersicariifolia DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, wooded grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie 4096 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Tropical & Subtropical Asia to N Australia.Polygalapetitiana A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Webster 8716 (EA), Jack C 34 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Polygalasadebeckiana Gürke – Habit: Herb or shrublet. Habitat: Forest, riverine forest, grassland, 1500–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Sudan to Mozambique.Polygalasparsifloravar.ukirensis (Gürke) Paiva – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1000–2250 m. Voucher: Major EJ & Lugard C 20 (EA). Native distribution range: Sierra Leone, Cameroon, Uganda to S Tropical Africa.Polygalasphenoptera Fresen. – Habit: Shrubby herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland 1750–3300 m. Vouchers: Bamps PRJ 6512 , Lugard EJ 477 (EA), Jack C 71 (EA), Webster MVB 8714 (EA), Ross R 1360 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0098 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.Polygalasteudneri Chodat – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Afro alpine grassland, rocky grassland, 3000–4050 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3365 (EA), Dale 3101, Wesche K 1827, Tweedie DR 54 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Tanzania.5 Genera, 12 speciesEXFallopiaconvolvulus (L.) Á.Löve – Habit: Climbing, twining herb. Habitat: Forest, cultivation, grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Irwin PH 228 (EA). Native distribution range: Macaronesia to N Africa, Temperate Eurasia.Harpagocarpussnowdenii Hutch. & Dandy – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Forest, 1350–2400 m. Voucher: Katende T; Sheil D 2257 (K). Native distribution range: Cameroon to South Sudan and E TanzaniaOxygonumsinuatum (Hochst. & Steud. ex Meisn.) Dammer – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Cultivation, roadsides, 600–2250 m. Voucher: Symes YE 121 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Persicariadecipiens (R.Br.) K.L.Wilson – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Marshes, waterside, 1000–3170 m. Vouchers: Beentje HJ 1966 , Lugard C & Lugard EJ 589 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World to Australasia.Persicarianepalensis (Meisn.) H.Gross – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest edges, marshes, in cultivation, streams and rivers, 1140–2700 m. Vouchers: Katende T; Sheil, D 667 (K), van Heist, M. 570 (K), Hedberg O 105 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to South Africa, Madagascar, Tropical & Subtropical Asia.EXPersicariapulchra Soják – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Waterside plant, upto 2500 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: India to SE China and W & Central Malesia.Persicariasenegalensis (Meisn.) Soják – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Waterside, marshes, up to 2850 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa to Arabia Peninsula.Persicariasetosula (A.Rich.) K.L.Wilson – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Waterside, 1330–3000 m. Vouchers: Katende 1193 (K), Tiyoy L 1392 (K), Hedberg KO 32 (BR), Beentje HJ 1967 (EA), Jack C 500, 131 (EA), Hedberg O 109 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0181 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to SW Syria.Rumexabyssinicus Jacq. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, forest, 1600–3300 m. Voucher: Tiyoy LM 1389 (K). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Eritrea and S Tropical Africa, Madagascar.Rumexnepalensis Spreng. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, woodland, forest, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Sheil and Vanheist 362 (K), Naiga; Lawrence 301 (K). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and S Africa, Madagascar, SE Europe to China, Jawa.Rumexruwenzoriensis Chiov. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, upland moor, bamboo forest, 1950–3700 m. Voucher: Human observation sn (EA). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Rumexsteudelii Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland forest in streamside, roadside, 1200–3240 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and S Africa, Madagascar, SE Europe to China.1 Genus, 3 speciesPortulacaafricana (Danin & H.G.Baker) Danin – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, in cultivation, ruderal sites, 500–2350 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1996 (EA). Native distribution range: Mauritania to Mali, Egypt to Malawi, India, S China.Portulacaoleracea L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, woodland, lower forest edge, 500–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Macaronesia, Tropical Africa, Mediterranean to Pakistan and Arabian Peninsula.Portulacaquadrifida L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Stony grassland, shrubland, 300–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World to SW Pacific.4 Genera, 9 speciesArdisiandrawettsteinii J.Wagner – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Subalpine bushlands, moist bamboo thickets, 1580–3500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Lysimachiaadoensis (Kunze) Klatt – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, cultivation, 2015–3500 m. Voucher: Tweedie 855 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to N Tanzania.EXLysimachiaarvensis (L.) U.Manns & Anderb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, 1400–2635 m. Voucher: Tweedie 849 (EA). Native distribution range: Europe to Central Asia and Himalaya, N Africa to Ethiopia and Arabian Peninsula.Lysimachiaruhmeriana Vatke – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grasslands, woodland, riverine, marshes, forest, 2020–3500 m. Vouchers: Taylor G 3650, 3559 (EA), Tweedie 1408 (EA), Dummer RA 3561 (US). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and S Africa, Madagascar.Lysimachiaserpens (Hochst. ex A.DC.) U.Manns & Anderb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, moorland, 3000–3150 m. Vouchers: Forbes 275 (EA), Thomas AS 2688 A (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Zimbabwe.EXLysimachiatenella L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1650–2040 m. Voucher: Gilbert MG & Tadesse M 6544 (EA). Native distribution range: W & S Europe, NW Africa.Maesalanceolata Forssk. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Grassland, forest, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 832 (EA), Taylor 3419 (MO). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar, Arabian Peninsula.Myrsineafricana L. – Habit: Shrub, undershrub or tree. Habitat: Upland forest edge, open wooded grassland, 2250–3600 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 1008 (EA), Webster MVB 8821 (EA), Tweedie DR 1994 (B), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0036 . Native distribution range: Azores, Eritrea to S Africa, Arabian Peninsula to China, Taiwan.Myrsinemelanophloeos R.Br. ex Sweet – Habit: Tree or shrub. Habitat: Riverine, swamp forest, upland grassland, open woodland, 900–3750 m. Voucher: Eggeling 2453 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.2 Genera, 6 speciesFaurearochetiana Chiov. ex Pic.Serm. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Wet savanna on rocky slops, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Taylor G 3727 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Faureasaligna Harv. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, woodland, outcrop rock, 3000–3150 m. Voucher: JR Dale (MA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Africa.Proteacaffra Meisn. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Rock outcrop, grassland, woodland, 1000–2300 m. Vouchers: Taylor G (S), Bush RZ 278 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to S Africa.Proteacaffrasubsp.kilimandscharica (Engl.) Chisumpa & Brummitt – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Forest, 2300–3700 m. Vouchers: Eggeling WJ 5739 (EA), Snowden JD 469 (EA). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical African Mountains.Proteagaguedi J.F.Gmel. – Habit: Large bush or small tree. Habitat: Bushland, tree grassland, 1500–2900 m. Vouchers: Gerti Lindblom (S), Snowden JD 1068 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0130 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.Proteamadiensis Oliv. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Grassland, woodlands, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: S Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa.5 Genera, 14 speciesAnemonethomsonii Oliv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist/boggy grassland, outcrop rocks, 2500–4000 m. Vouchers: Dale 3090 (EA), Tweedie 56 (EA), Lugard C 305 (EA), Liebenberg 1605 (EA), Manum 45 (O), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0141 . Native distribution range: S Central Ethiopia to E DR Congo.Clematisbrachiata Thunb. – Habit: Woody climber. Habitat: Forest, wooded grassland, 720–3150 m. Vouchers: E Hind 429 (BR), Jack C 18 (EA), Lugard C & Lugard EJ 65 (EA), Smeri PH 39 (EA), Symes YE 240 (EA). Native distribution range: Senegal, Cameroon to Ethiopia and S Africa, Madagascar.Clematishirsuta Guill. & Perr. – Habit: Woody climber. Habitat: Forest, woodland grassland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: PH Sruin 39 (BR). Native distribution range: Cape Verde, Sahara to Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula, S India.Clematissimensis Fresen. – Habit: Shrubby climber. Habitat: Forest, roadsides, grassland woodland, 1600–3250 m. Vouchers: Beentje HJ 1985 , Irwin PH 375 (EA), Irving FR 38 (EA), Tweedie DR 87 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula, Madagascar.Clematisvillosa DC. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Burnt grassland, rock outcrop, 1500–2100 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 840 (BR). Native distribution range: S Uganda to Angola.Delphiniummacrocentrum Oliv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rocky grassland, moist bamboo thickets, 1650–3900 m. Vouchers: Tothill BH 2411 (EA), Allen T 3675 (EA), Hedberg O 4512 (EA), Bickford N 25 (EA), 41 (EA), Tweedie 13 (EA), Jack C 2643 (EA), Lugard C & Lugard EJ 26 (EA), Ritchie AT & Beentje 1998 (EA), Bogdan A 5407 (EA), Webster MVB 8711 (EA). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa , N Malawi.*Delphiniumwellbyi Hemsl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1200–1500 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 722 (EA), Greenway PJ & Daughty LR 8532 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia, Central Kenya.*Ranunculusaberdaricus Ulbr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rare in wet alpine turf, bamboo thickets, 2550–3660 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia, Kenya (Aberdare Mountains)*Ranunculuscryptanthus Milne-Redh. & Turrill – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland moor, 4050–4100 m. Vouchers: Taylor 3542 (EA), Hedberg K.O 1005 . Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa (Mt Elgon).**Ranunculusmultifidus Forssk. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, stream sides, 1530–3450 m. Vouchers: Beentje HJ 1968 (WAG), Mwangangi OM 380 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0235 , Naiga 450 (UPS), Symes YE 251 (EA), Hamilton & Perrott 76/408 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Eritrea and S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula, Madagascar.Ranunculusoreophytus Delile – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, rocky clef, grassland, by streamside, upland moor, 2550–4200 m. Vouchers: Svein Manum 16 (LD), Mathama M & Gehrke B 137 (EA), Ekkens DB 413 (EA), Tweedie 12 (EA), Knox EB 3839, 3845 (EA). Native distribution range: Sudan to Tanzania.Ranunculusstagnalis Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland moorland, 3000–4321 m. Vouchers: Mrs J Adamson 484 (EA), Muthama M & Berit Gehrke 142 (EA), Milne-Redhead E & Hedberg O 994 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E DR Congo.Ranunculusvolkensii Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Peaty grassland, 2550–3400 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3312 (K), Muthama M & Gehrke B 143 (EA), Knox EB 3840 (EA). Native distribution range: W Central Ethiopia, Mountains of E Central & E Tropical Africa.Thalictrumrhynchocarpum Quart.-Dill. & A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Path sides, forest, bushland on stream sides, grassland, 1550–3275 m. Vouchers: Lugard 660 (EA), Irwin PH 309 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0047 . Native distribution range: Bioko to Ethiopia & S Africa.4 Genera, 5 speciesHelinusmystacinus E.Mey. ex Steud. – Habit: Woody climber. Habitat: Wooded grassland, forest margin, secondary bushland, 1450–2400 m. Vouchers: Cheseny CM 1 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0070 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.Rhamnusprinoides L’Hér. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Forest edges, evergreen bushlands, thickets, 1750–3700 m. Vouchers: Lugard 576 (EA), Bamps PRJ 6493 (WAG), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0015 . Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea & S Africa.Rhamnusstaddo A.Rich. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest edges, bushland, woodland, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Zimbabwe, Arabian Peninsula.Scutiamyrtina (Burm.f.) Kurz – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest edges, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 2508 (BR), Taylor G 3430 (S), Jackson THE 323 (EA), Taiti S 588 (EA), Lugard C 621 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa, W Indian Ocean, India to China  and Indo-China.Ziziphusabyssinica Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Tree or shrub. Habitat: Scattered-tree grassland, 700–2200 m. Voucher: Dale IR 3092 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.1 Genus, 1 speciesCassipoureamalosana (Baker) Alston – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3000 m. Vouchers: Styles B 293 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0008 . Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and S Africa.5 Genera, 18 speciesAlchemillaabyssinica Fres. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Heath, bamboo zones, 2700–4100 m. Voucher: Dummer RA 3559 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Kenya.Alchemillaargyrophylla Oliv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland moor, moor grassland, often dominant in rocky grounds, 2250–4500 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0250 . Native distribution range: S Sudan to N Tanzania.Alchemillacryptantha Steud. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine, montane grassland, 1725–3200 m. Vouchers: Strid A 3431 (EA), Hedberg O 104, 849 (EA), Knox EB 2635 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and S Africa, Madagascar.Alchemillaelgonensis Mildbr. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Upland moor, moist bamboo-thickets, 2700–4350 m. Vouchers: Lugard 369 (EA), Tweedie 24 (EA), Hedberg KO 4452 (BR), Gillett JB 18437 (WAG), Liebenberg 1616 (EA), Sounders & Hancock 60 (EA), Thomson AS 559 (EA). Native distribution range: E Uganda to W Central Kenya.**Alchemillaellenbeckii Engl. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Moist bamboo tickets, moor grassland, forest margin, 2100–4250 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 843 (EA), Lugard EJ 2961 (EA), Knox EB 2621 (EA), Arnstein KL 5733 (EA), Hedberg O 4546 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Alchemillajohnstonii Oliv. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Moist bamboo tickets, moor grassland, 2900–4321 m. Vouchers: Gillett JB 18448 (EA), Hedberg O 1954, 272, 1958 (EA), Knox EB 2610 (EA). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical African Mountains.Alchemillakiwuensis Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, forest, bamboo thickets, 200–3000 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0162 . Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and S Africa.Alchemillamicrobetula T.C.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Rare alpine, 3500–4150 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 896, 967, 4511, 4516, 4523 (EA), Granvik H sn (S). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.*Alchemillavolkensii Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland bushlands, moist bamboo thickets, 1500–2900 m. Vouchers: Tothill BH 2464, 2341 (EA), Thomas AS 531 (EA). Native distribution range: Uganda, N Tanzania.Cliffortianitidula R.E.Fr. & T.C.E.Fr. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Moorland, 2920–3490 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to South Africa.Hageniaabyssinica (Bruce) J.F.Gmel. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, moist bamboo thickets, 2250–3600 m. Voucher: Tothill BH 2297 (MO). Native distribution range: Burundi, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zaïre.Prunusafricana (Hook.f.) Kalkman – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Riverine Forest, 900–3000 m. Voucher: Lugard 445 (EA). Native distribution range: Ghana to Ethiopia and S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Rubusapetalus Poir. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane forests, bushlands, 1600–3000 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Eritrea and S Africa, W Indian Ocean, N Yemen.Rubusfriesiorumsubsp.elgonensis (Gust.) R.A.Graham – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, 3300 m. Vouchers: Liebenburg 1645 (EA), Thomas AS 591 (EA), Synge 913 (EA), Dummer RA 3541 (MO), Synge PM 913 (K). Native distribution range: Uganda (Mt Elgon).**EXRubusniveus Thunb. – Habit: shrub. Habitat: Disturbed woodlands, 2400–3000 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Afghanistan to Central China and Indo-China.Rubuspinnatus Willd. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, moist bamboo thickets, 1950–2200 m. Voucher: Lugard 509 (EA). Native distribution range: Ascension, St Helena, Tropical & S Africa.Rubussteudneri Schweinf. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane forests, 2000–3480 m. Vouchers: Thomas AS 489 (EA), Tothill BH 238 (EA), Saundy & Hancock 103 (EA), Mwangangi OM 307 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0123, SAJIT-PR 0171 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central Tropical Africa.Rubusvolkensii Engl. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Forest, bamboo zone, 2600–4100 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Tanzania.24 Genera, 58 speciesAnthospermumherbaceum L.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest edges, grassland, woodland, heathland, 1560–3240 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1997 (K), Wesche K 1438 (K), Irwin PH Mrs 57 (K), Lewis WH 5959 (K). Native distribution range: SW Arabian Peninsula, Eritrea to S Africa.Anthospermumusambarense K.Schum. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Alpine bushland, forest, 2150–4050 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3348 (MO), Dale 48 (MO). Native distribution range: S Sudan to S Tropical Africa.Canthiumoligocarpum Hiern – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Forest, 1800–2600 m. Vouchers: Dale 88 (MO), 455 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to W Mozambique.Coffeaeugenioides S.Moore – Habit: Bush or small tree. Habitat: Riverine forest, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: South Sudan to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Dolichopentasdecora (S.Moore) Karehed & B.Bremer – Habit: Woody herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1590–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Dolichopentaslongiflora (Oliv.) Karehed & B.Bremer – Habit: Woody herb. Habitat: Woodlands with combretum, 1590–2400 m. Vouchers: Holm Å 103 (S), Lewis WH 5962 (US), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0055 . Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa to Malawi.EXGaliumaparine L. – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Cultivation, wasteland, 1600–2790 m. Voucher: Andersen R 89 (S). Native distribution range: Macaronesia to Temperate Eurasia.Galiumaparinoides Forssk. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland forest, rocky streams, grassland, 1679–3700 m. Vouchers: Tothill BH 2374 (EA), Leibenberg 1630 (EA), Knox EB 2641 (EA), Knox A.B 3777 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Tanzania, SW Arabian Peninsula.Galiumglaciale K.Krause – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine zone, along river banks 3510–4350 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 1135 (K), Hedberg O 892 (K). Native distribution range: DR Congo to E Tropical Africa.Galiumossirwaense K.Krause – Habit: Straggling herb. Habitat: Grassland, montane forest edge, 1900–3750 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ 400a (K), Wesche K 462 (BR), Hooper SS; Townsend CC 1461 (K), Lisowski S 10577 (K), Hedberg O 4476 , Hedberg O 889 (S), Liebenberg 1619 . Native distribution range: E Tropical African Mountains to N Mozambique.Galiumruwenzoriense (Cortesi) Ehrend. ex Hedberg – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Forest, forest clearing, alpine, moorland, rocky grounds, 2350–4200 m. Vouchers: Tothill BH 2258 (EA), Tweedie 2543 (EA), Lugard 365 (EA), Wesche K 10 (BR). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical African Mountains.Galiumsimense Fresen. – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, woodland, forest, 1750–2700 m. Voucher: Tweedie 2412 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical African Mountains.EXGaliumtanganyikense Ehrend. & Verdc. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, among rocks, streamsides, 2400–2820 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ 365 (K). Native distribution range: Tanzania.Galiumthunbergianum Eckl. & Zeyh. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, 2050–3750 m. Vouchers: Knox EB, 3836 (EA), Knox EB 3787 (EA), Dummer RA 3472 (US), Lugard EJ 365 (K). Native distribution range: Cape Verde, Cameroon Sudan and S Africa, Madagascar.Gardeniaternifoliasubsp.jovis-tonantis (Welw.) Verdc. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest, grassland, woodland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Heinseniadiervilleoides K.Schum. – Habit: Shrub or small understory tree. Habitat: Forest edges, thickets, 800–2250 m. Vouchers: Thomson in Eggeling 3175 (EA), Eggeling WJ 3947 (MO). Native distribution range: S Sudan to Zimbabwe.Hymenodictyonfloribundum B.L.Rob. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Outcrop rock, bushland, woodland, wooded grassland, 1800–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 2633, Adamson J 453 (EA), Synnott TJ 541 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0093 , JR Dale 3091 (MA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to NW Namibia.Keetiagueinzii (Sond.) Bridson – Habit: Shrub or liana. Habitat: Woodlands, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and S Africa.Kohautiaaspera (Heyne ex Roth) Bremek. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, open bushland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie 2008 (EA). Native distribution range: Cape Verde, Dry Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Pakistan to India.Kohautiacoccinea Royle – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grasslands, wet savanna, 1250–2500 m. Voucher: Lewis WH 5952 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Yemen, Iran to Nepal.Oldenlandiacorymbosa L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Short grassland, bushlands, shallow pans, 001–2500 m. Vouchers: Lewis WH 5977, 5953 (US). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Oldenlandiacorymbosavar.linearis (DC.) Verdc. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1750–2250 m. Vouchers: Lewis WH 5977 (EA), Tweedie EM 757 (K). Native distribution range: Africa, Indian Subcontinent.Oldenlandiacorymbosavar.nana (Bremek.) Verdc. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Short grassland, paddocks, path sides, 780–2280 m. Vouchers: Lewis WH 5970 (K), Lind EM 245 (K). Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.Oldenlandiaherbacea (L.) Roxb. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa, Indian Subcontinent to Andaman Islands.Oldenlandiamonanthos Hiern – Habit: Mat forming herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, roadsides, 1350–3500 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 8684 (EA), Wood OH 114 (EA), Tweedie 712 (EA), Synge PM 1064 (S). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Oldenlandiascopulorum Bullock – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, rock outcrop, 1200–2500 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ; Lugard C 346 (K). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Paraknoxiaparviflora (Stapf ex Verdc.) Verdc. – Habit: herb. Habitat: Short grasslands, bushland, old cultivations, 350–2280 m. Vouchers: Lewis WH 5967  5954 (US), Tweedie EM 515 (BR). Native distribution range: Central African Republic to Kenya and Zimbabwe.Pavettaabyssinica Fresen. – Habit: Bush or small tree. Habitat: Woodland, riverine forest, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Hamilton, PH 76/ 779 (U), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0178 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to Tanzania.Pavettaoliveriana Hiern – Habit: Bush or small tree. Habitat: Riverine forest, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Irwin PH 32 (WAG). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Burundi and Tanzania.Pavettaternifolia Hiern – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Riverine thickets, grassland, forest, woodland, 1150–1950 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0191 . Native distribution range: East Central & Eastern Tropical Africa.Pentanisiaouranogyne S.Moore – Habit: herb. Habitat: Disturbed grassland, along the track, 300–2400 m. Vouchers: Lewis WH 5965 (US), Holm Å 102 (S), Andersen R 76 (S). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania.Pentanisiaschweinfurthii Hiern – Habit: Pyrophytic herb. Habitat: Grassland, 840–2250 m. Vouchers: Evans James (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to South Sudan and S Tropical Africa.Pentasarvensis Hiern – Habit: Pyrophytic herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1200–1530 m. Voucher: James 1905 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to South Sudan and SW Kenya.Pentaslanceolata (Forssk.) Deflers – Habit: Shrub or woody herb. Habitat: Forest, 1200–2830 m. Vouchers: Synge PM 1079 (S). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Mozambique, Comoros, Arabian Peninsula.EXPentaslanceolatasubsp.quartiniana (A.Rich) Verdc. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Forest, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Eritrea to DR Congo.Pentaslanceolatavar.leucaster (K.Krause) Verdc. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Forest margin, 1200–2830 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: E DR Congo to Ethiopia and N Tanzania.Pentaspubiflora S.Moore – Habit: Herb or shrubby herb. Habitat: Woodlands, montane and riverine forests, 1230–2550 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1267 (EA), Lewis WH 5963 (US), Irwin PH 55 (S). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Uganda and Mozambique.Pentaszanzibaricavar.tenuifolia Vatke – Habit: Herb or shrubby herb. Habitat: Evergreen forest, 1800–2440 m. Voucher: Amani 9644 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya (Trans-Nzoia).**Phyllopentasschimperi (Hochst.) Y.D.Zhou & Q.F.Wang – Habit: Shrub or woody herb. Habitat: Forest edge, 1450–2710 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0120 . Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Psychotriafractinervata E.M.A.Petit – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest, 1500–2600 m. Vouchers: Wood 113b . Native distribution range: E Tropical Africa.Psychotriaorophila E.M.A.Petit – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest, 1650–3000 m. Vouchers: Wood C113 (EA), Dummer RA 3582 (EA), Snowden JD 1196 (EA), Hedberg O (WAG). Native distribution range: South Sudan to E Tropical Africa.Psydraxparviflorus (Afzel.) Bridson – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Forest, thicket, grassland, 1400–2250 m. Voucher: Jackson THE 322 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Psydraxparviflorussubsp.rubrocostatus (Robyns) Bridson – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Forest, 1750–2750 m. Vouchers: Thomson T 1798 (EA), St Clair-Thompson T 1798 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to Malawi.Rothmanniamanganjae (Hiern) Keay – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Riverine forest, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Jex -Blake in CM 6864 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Kenya to S Tropical Africa.Rothmanniaurcelliformis Bullock ex Robyns – Habit: Bush or small tree. Habitat: Riverine forest, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Rubiacordifolia L. – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Woodland, 1240–3120 m. Voucher: Beentje HJ 1929 (WAG). Native distribution range: Greece, Sudan to S Africa, Asia.Rutideaorientalis Bridson – Habit: Shrub or climber. Habitat: Moist forest, 375–2400 m. Voucher: Eggeling 3627 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya to S Tropical Africa.Rytigyniaacuminatissima Robyns – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Riverine forest understory, 1650–2400 m. Vouchers: Maitland 1231 & 1245 (EA), Dale in FD 3119 (EA), Hamilton & Perrott 76/770 (EA), Snowden JD 907/b (WAG). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Rytigynianeglecta Robyns – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Riverine forest, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Cameroon to Ethiopia and Kenya.Rytigyniauhligii (K.Schum. & K.Krause) Verdc. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Riverine forest, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Dale IR 3389 (BR). Native distribution range: Kenya to S Tropical Africa.Spermacoceminutiflora (K.Schum.) Verdc. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wooded grassland, 1500–2350 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ 231 (K), Lewis WH 5971 (K), Tweedie 516, 739, 807, 2479, (K). Native distribution range: S Sudan to Kenya.Spermacoceprinceae (K.Schum.) Verdc. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bamboo forest, forest, 2250–3150 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.EXSpermacocepusilla Wall. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, roadsides, rocky areas, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Lewis WH 5966 (US). Native distribution range: S China to Tropical Asia.Spermacocesphaerostigma Oliv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Vangueriaapiculata K.Schum. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest, grassland, riverine, marshes, rock outcrop, 2190–2251 m. Vouchers: Lugard 234A (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0001 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Vangueriainfaustasubsp.rotundata (Robyns) Verdc. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest, bushlands, rocky thickets, 30–2100 m. Vouchers: Padwa JH 3 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0024 . Native distribution range: Sudan to S Tropical Africa.Vangueriamadagascariensis J.F.Gmel. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Riverine forest, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Vangueriavolkensii K.Schum. – Habit: Shrub, subscandent shrub or small tree. Habitat: Riverine forest, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Bridson D 65 (EA/BR/K/WAG), Mrs Tweedie 1315 (S), Andersen R 236 (S), Lugard C & Lugard EJ 622 (EA), Fairbairn G 894 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.2 Genera, 2 speciesVeprisnobilis (Delile) Mziray – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Lower edge of forest, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Tropical Africa.Zanthoxylumasiaticum (L.) Appelhans, Groppo & J.Wen – Habit: Shrub or liane. Habitat: Lower edge of forest, wooded grassland, bushland, 1750–2800 m. Vouchers: Jackson THE 302 (EA), Lugard C & Lugard EJ 537 (EA) Fack WE 284 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Eswatini, W Indian Ocean, Tropical & Subtropical Asia.6 Genera, 7 speciesCaseariabattiscombei R.E.Fr. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Upland moist forest, 2250–3000 m. Vouchers: St Clair-Thompson in Eggeling 3954 & 3955 (EA), Fairbairn G 3384 (BR). Native distribution range: E & S Tropical Africa.Dovyalisabyssinica (A.Rich.) Warb. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Moist forest, open wooded grassland, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1084 (EA), Bamps PRJ 6516 (EA), Hamilton & Perrott 76/364 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0050 . Native distribution range: NE & E Tropical Africa to Malawi.Dovyalismacrocalyx Warb. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Moist Forest, bushland, wooded grassland, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Major C & Lugard EJ 577 (EA). Native distribution range: S Sudan to S Tropical Africa.Flacourtiaindica (Burm.f.) Merr. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Woodland, wooded grassland, bushland, 2250–3000 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 826 (EA), Major Jack 2857 (EA), Jackson THE 422 (MA), Trapnell CG 2367 (EA), Katende AB 3606 (MO), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0099 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa, SE China to Tropical Asia.Oncobaspinosa Forssk. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Woodland, riverine forest, bushland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Padwa JH 2 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Salixmucronata Thunb. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Riverine forest, bushland, grassland, 1550–2600 m. Vouchers: Dale U 11 (EA), Kimera 21 (EA), Thomas 2607 (EA). Native distribution range: Africa to Arabian Peninsula.Trimeriagrandifolia (Hochst.) Warb. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Woodland, riverine forest, wooded grassland, 1750–2450 m. Voucher: Jack C 263 (EA). Native distribution range: E Zimbabwe to S Africa.3 Genera, 7 speciesOsyrislanceolata Hochst. & Steud. – Habit: Shrub or a small tree. Habitat: Woodland, upland evergreen forest and mist forest, 1750–2700 m. Vouchers: Eggeling 2485 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0084 . Native distribution range: S Iberian Peninsula Baleares, Canary Islands, Sahara to S Africa, Socotra, Indian Subcontinent to S China and Indo-China.Thesiumkilimandscharicum Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, heath scrub, afro alpine zone, 2200–4200 m. Voucher: Jex-Blake in Bally 1955 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya to N Malawi.Thesiummukense A.W.Hill – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Burnt grassland, 1800–2700 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to S Africa.Thesiumschweinfurthii Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, woodland, mixed bushland, 1050–2300 m. Voucher: Tweedie 3555 (EA). Native distribution range: Nigeria to W & S Ethiopia and Zambia.Viscumschimperi Engl. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Dry evergreen forest, bushland, 1160–2140 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM 1166 (K). Native distribution range: Eritrea to Tanzania, Arabian Peninsula.Viscumtriflorum DC. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest, 100–2300 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: São Tomé, Central African Republic to N Somalia and S Africa, W Indian Ocean.Viscumtuberculatum A.Rich. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Dry evergreen forest, woodland, bushland, 1650–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie DR 130 (BR), Cheseny CM 19 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0061 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to South Africa.2 Genera, 5 speciesAllophylusabyssinicus Radlk. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, moist forest, evergreen thickets, 1750–2550 m. Vouchers: Styles 298 (EA), Tweedie 2243 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Tropical Africa.Allophylusafricanus P.Beauv. – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Forest, grassland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 2415 (EA), Jackson THE 320 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0200 . Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Allophylusferrugineus Taub. – Habit: Tree or shrub or climber. Habitat: Forest, stream sides, 1050–2400 m. Vouchers: Lugard Mrs C 671 (EA). Native distribution range: S Nigeria to Ethiopia and Namibia.Allophylusrubifolius Engl. – Habit: Shrub or medium sized tree. Habitat: Grassland, thickets, cultivations, riverine, 0–2250 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 2016 (EA), 2016B, Jackson THE 316 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, Arabian Peninsula.Deinbolliakilimandscharica Taub. – Habit: Small tree or shrub. Habitat: Evergreen forest, upland moist forest, 1100–2400 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 796 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.3 Genera, 3 speciesAningeriaadolfi-friederici (Engl.) Robyns & Gilbert – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3000 m. Vouchers: Eggeling WJ 3956 . Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to Zimbabwe.Manilkarabutugi Chiov. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Upland forest, riverine forest, 1500–2300 m. Voucher: Eggeling WJ 5734 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Tanzania.Mimusopskummel Bruce ex A.DC. – Habit: Tree or shrub. Habitat: Riverine forest, upland evergreen forest, 1200–2250 m. Voucher: Snowden JD 1066 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.8 Genera, 12 speciesBuddlejapolystachya Fresen. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, forest, 1750–3000 m. Vouchers: Bamps PRJ 6492 (WAG), Katende AB 3602 (MO), Beentje HJ 1926 (WAG), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0206 . Native distribution range: NE Tropical Africa to N Tanzania, SW Arabian Peninsula.Cycniopsishumifusa Engl. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet grassland, 1000–2500 m. Voucher: Evans James sn (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to N Tanzania, and Yemen.Diclisbambuseti R.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, bamboo zone, 2000–3720 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 842 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0238, SAJIT-PR 0268 . Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Hebenstretiaangolensis Rolfe – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Grassland, rocky heathland, 1600–4000 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 245 (EA), Taylor G 3450 (S), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0150 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.Hebenstretiadentata L. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Upper forest edge, moorland, 3000–4321 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa, South Africa.Limosellaafricana Glück – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Ephemeral pools, alpine peaty soils, 1600–4200 m. Vouchers: Lind EM 291 (EA), Forbes 280 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0039 . Native distribution range: Cameroon, Mali, Eritrea to N Tanzania, Namibia to South Africa, Yemen.Limosellamacrantha R.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moorland zone, upper forest margin, moorland, 2500–4300 m. Vouchers: Wood GHS 912(K), Taylor G 3670 (BR) 9670 (BR), Gillett JB 18480 , Wesche K 1094 (EA). Native distribution range: SE Ethiopia to Rwanda and N Tanzania, Yemen.Limosellamajor Diels – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Temporary pools, grassland, 1800–2700 m. Voucher: Tweedie 2848 (EA). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.Rhabdotospermabrevipedicellata (Engl.) Hartl – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland grassland, woodland forest, 3600–4100 m. Voucher: Liebenberg (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Central & E Tropical Africa.Rhabdotospermascrophulariifolia (Hochst.) Hartl – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, upper forest margin, 1800–3600 m. Vouchers: Thomas AS 525 (EA), Lugard 491 (EA). Native distribution range: Cameroon, Ethiopia to Burundi and N Tanzania.Selagothomsonii Rolfe – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Dry subalpine heathland, 1860–3380 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O (UPS), James E sn (K). Native distribution range: Kenya to Tanzania.Zaluzianskyaelgonensis Hedberg – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Alpine zone on rocky grounds, 3800 m. Voucher: Hedberg O 4478 (K). Native distribution range: SE Uganda, N Tanzania.5 Genera, 24 speciesEXDaturastramonium L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wasteland, woodland, grassland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1176 (EA). Native distribution range: Texas to Central America, Caribbean.Discopodiumpenninervium Hochst. – Habit: Tree or small shrub. Habitat: Moorland, upper montane, woodland, 2100–3500 m. Vouchers: Wood 254 (EA), Katende & Lye 466 (EA), Tweedie 1103 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0212 . Native distribution range: Benin to Eritrea and Mozambique.EXPhysalisperuviana L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Cultivations, secondary bushland, forest, 900–2500 m. Vouchers: Lugard & Lugard 641 (EA), Tiyoy LM 1334 (MNHN). Native distribution range: Bolivia to W BrazilSolanumaculeastrum Dunal – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Upland forest, 2170–2400 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ 238 (K), Cheseny, CM 21 (K), Tweedie J 696 (K), Mwangangi OM 461 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0104 . Native distribution range: Nigeria to South Sudan and S Africa.EXSolanumaculeatissimum Jacq. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Montane forest, 1425–2640 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 715 (K), Symes YE 521 (K), Hedberg, KO 280 (K). Native distribution range: SE & S Brazil to S Central Paraguay.Solanumanguivi Lam. – Habit: Woody herb. Habitat: Cultivation, 1230–2700 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ 291 (K), Mwangangi OM; Kariuki F 375 (K), Katende T; Sheil D 1150 (K), Holm Å 91 (S), Hedberg O 279 (K), Synge PM1071 (NHMUK). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Solanumcampylacanthum Hochst. ex A.Rich. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Wooded grassland, grassland, roadsides, cultivation, 1000–2000 m. Vouchers: Padwa JH 6 (K), Lugard EJ 90 (K). Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa.EXSolanumcapsicoides All. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Forest, woodland, 1750–3000 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: S Tropical America.EXSolanumdasyphyllum Schumach. & Thonn. – Habit: Woody herb. Habitat: Forest, 2250–3150 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Solanumgiganteum Jacq. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Grassland, riverine, bamboo zone, thickets, secondary bushland, 800–2450 m. Vouchers: Dummer RA 3611 (K), Coll S 1664 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Solanumincanum L. – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Wet savanna, woodland, 15–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Africa, Arabian Peninsula, Iran to India.Solanumlanzae J.-P.Lebrun & Stork – Habit: Woody herb. Habitat: Bushland, thickets, 1200–2100 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1108(K). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Solanummauense Bitter – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Montane forest, 1650–2640 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 734 (K), Holm Å 92 (S), Jack Mrs C 186 (K). Native distribution range: Kenya to Tanzania.EXSolanummauritianum Scop. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest paths and margins, river banks, 1150–2800 m. Voucher: Katende T; Sheil D 656 (K). Native distribution range: SE & S Brazil to Argentina (Buenos Aires).Solanummemphiticum J.F.Gmel. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Forest, bushlands, grassland, riverbanks, 950–2450 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1068 (K), 1586(K). Native distribution range: Jordan to Sinai, Eritrea to E Central & E Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Solanumnakurense C.H.Wright – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Evergreen upland bushland, 900–3050 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 889, (NHMUK), 889/a (S), Katende AB 3660 (MO), Hedberg O (UPS). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to E Tropical Africa.Solanumnigriviolaceum Bitter – Habit: Climbing subshrub. Habitat: Montane forest, 2130–2990 m. Vouchers: Major EJ; Lugard EJ 35 (K), Tweedie 850 (K), George Taylor 3722 (BM), Gerh Lindblom sn (S), Bridson DM 69 (BR), Bridson DM 89 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0102 . Native distribution range: Kenya.EXSolanumnigrum L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, woodland, grassland, shrubland, 0–3070 m. Vouchers: Synge PM 856 (NHMUK), Gerh Lindblom sn (S). Native distribution range: Eurasia, Macaronesia, N & NE Tropical Africa.EXSolanumpseudospinosum C.H.Wright – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane grassland, bushland, woodland, bamboo thickets, 2000–2300 m. Vouchers: Cyril Lugard EJ 492 (K), Symes YE 392 (K). Native distribution range: Bioko, W CameroonSolanumrunsoriense C.H.Wright – Habit: Shrub or liana, vine or herb. Habitat: Montane forest, 2400–3200 m. Vouchers: Sheil D 1813 (K), Synge PM 892 (BM), 1877 (BM), Tothill BH 2260 (K), Liebenberg LCC 1637 (K), Fishlock 43 (K), Samdy 14 (K), Samdy 14 (K). Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.Solanumtarderemotum Bitter – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Moist forest margins, 550–2950 m. Vouchers: Lugard EJ 209 (K), Wesche K 500 (K), Katende T; Sheil D 1099 (K), Tiyoy L 1209 (K), Tweedie 725 (K), 1480 (K) 1481 (K). Native distribution range: Cape Verde, Tropical & S Africa.Solanumterminale Forssk. – Habit: Shrub, vine or liana. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 714 (K), Snowden JD 889 (BR). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Arabian Peninsula.EXSolanumwendlandii Hook.f. – Habit: Climber or liana. Habitat: Roadsides, montane forest, 1650–1800 m. Voucher: Padwa JH 42 (K). Native distribution range: Mexico to S Tropical AmericaWithaniasomnifera (L.) Dunal – Habit: Herb or shrub. Habitat: Bushlands, grassland, wooded grassland, forests, river-banks, 2780 m. Voucher: Andersen R 306 (S). Native distribution range: S Europe to Central China, Africa to Myanmar.2 Genera, 2 speciesHallerialucida L. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Undergrowth of montane forest and bushland, 900–2700 m. Vouchers: Dale 56 (EA), Bridson DM 71 (BR), Katende AB 3628 (MO), Bamps PRJ 6520 , Tweedie DR 893 (BR), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0016 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa, Yemen.Nuxiacongesta R.Br. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, upland rain forest, 1750–2700 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1369 (EA), Bamps PRJ 6517 , Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0003 , Mulugeta Kebede 188 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.1 Genus, 3 speciesLasiosiphonglaucus Fresen. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest, open woodland, 2250–3048 m. Vouchers: Wesche K 972 (K), Mwangangi OM 456 (BR), Lavranos J & Newton 17790 (BR), Irwin PH 40 (BR), Taylor G 3456 (BR), Dale IR 681 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, S India, Sri Lanka.Lasiosiphonkraussianus (Meisn.) Hutch. & Dalziel – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, woodland, 1650–2650 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa.Lasiosiphonlampranthus (Gilg) – Habit: Shrub or tree. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Chater-Jack 41 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to NW Tanzania.1 Genus, 1 speciesChaetachmearistata Planch. – Habit: Tree. Habitat: Woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Madagascar.9 Genera, 11 speciesAustralinaflaccida (A.Rich.) Wedd. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Stream banks, forest, 2500–2650 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 2410, 2677, 3334 (EA). Native distribution range: Ethiopia to Kenya.Droguetiadebilis Rendle – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 1550–3090 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: E DR Congo to Kenya and N Tanzania.Droguetiainers (Forssk.) Schweinf. – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Bamboo forest, upland moist forest, 1600–3250 m. Vouchers: Mwangangi OM 406 (BR), Tweedie EM 3330 (K), Naiga 252 (K). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula, South Africa, Madagascar.Girardiniadiversifolia (Link) Friis – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet forest, 1200–2500 m. Voucher: Tweedie 2240 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical & Subtropical Old World.Laporteaalatipes Hook.f. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upper forest margin, bamboo thickets, 1400–3500 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Bioko, Cameroon to Ethiopia and S Africa.Parietariadebilis G.Forst. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upper forest margins, 2510–4200 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O 925 (EA), Taylor G 3541, 3699 (EA). Native distribution range: Old World.Pileajohnstonii Oliv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, 1680–2910 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 3316 (K), 3332 (University of Alberta Museums), Snowden JD 945 (K). Native distribution range: SE Ethiopia to E Zimbabwe.Pilearivularis Wedd. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, 1485–3100 m. Voucher: Hedberg O (UPS). Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and S Africa, Comoros, Madagascar.Pouzolziaparasitica Schweinf. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane moist forest, grasssland, 900–2400 m. Voucher: Dawnskins 782 (EA). Native distribution range: Central America to Bolivia, Tropical & S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.Scepocarpushypselodendron (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) T.Well & A.K.Monro – Habit: Climbing shrub or liana. Habitat: Woodland, moist grassland, forest, upper forest edge, 1750–3150 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM 1557 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0227 . Native distribution range: Congo to Ethiopia and S Tropical Africa.Urticamassaica Mildbr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Montane forest, 2000–3400 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0269 . Native distribution range: E Central & E Tropical Africa.4 Genera, 8 speciesEXLantanatrifolia L. – Habit: Shrub or sub-shrubby herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Jackson THE 360 (EA), Stein W Bie (UPS), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0202 . Native distribution range: Mexico to Tropical America.Lantanaukambensis (Vatke) Verdc. – Habit: Sub-shrubby herb. Habitat: Forest, wooded grassland, open woodland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1078 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Lippiaabyssinica (Otto & A.Dietr.) Cufod. – Habit: Shrub or subshrub. Habitat: Forest, grassland, woodland, 1950–2250 m. Voucher: Lugard 109 (EA). Native distribution range: NE & E Tropical Africa to Angola.Lippiajavanica Spreng. – Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Rocky woodland, forest, plantations, 1300–2350 m. Vouchers: Chandler 1007 (EA), Wood 433 (EA), SCL 36 (EA), Padwa JH 5 (EA), Hedberg O 1059 (EA), Webster MVB 8964 (EA), Dummer RA 3736 . Native distribution range: Ethiopia to S Africa.Lippiawoodii Moldenke – Habit: Herb or subshrub. Habitat: Burnt grassland, open woodland, wet savanna, 1550–2280 m. Vouchers: Holm Å 32 (S), Hedberg O (UPS). Native distribution range: South Sudan to South Africa.Privacurtisiae Kobuski – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, grassland, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: NE & E Tropical Africa to Rwanda.EXVerbenabrasiliensis Vell. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Bushland, grassland, roadside, 1750–2350 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0201 . Native distribution range: Brazil to Chile.Verbenaofficinalis L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Grassland, bushland, woodland, 1500–2100 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1529 (EA). Native distribution range: Old World to Australia1 Genus, 1 speciesSambucusafricana Standl. – Habit: Shrubby herb. Habitat: Bamboo zones, montane rain-forest tracks, forest floor, upland grassland, 1750–3370 m. Voucher: Major EJ; Lugard C 427 (K), Elliot GF 12, 177 (K), Snowden JD 908 (EA), Beentje HJ 1984 (EA), Hedberg O 173 (EA). Native distribution range: Madeira, NW Africa, Europe to S Turkmenistan.1 Genus, 2 speciesViolaabyssinica Steud. ex Oliv. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland forest, grassland, bushland, bamboo thickets, 1600–3740 m. Vouchers: Bridson D 63 (BR), Tweedie EM 1275, 815 (K), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0172 . Native distribution range: Nigeria to Ethiopia and South Africa, Madagascar.Violaeminii R.E.Fr. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Upland forest margin, grassland, moor, bamboo thickets, 2100–4050 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 1280 (K), Wesche K 1263 (EA), Granvik H 152 (S), Thorold CA 2760, 2740 (EA), Hedberg O 4556 (EA), Irwin PH 373 (EA), Bush RZ 242 (EA), Tweedie DR 5440 (EA), Bickford N 5 (EA), Dummer RA 3502 (UPS), Synge PM S 1883 (WAG), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0131 . Native distribution range: South Sudan to Burundi and Tanzania.5 Genera, 13 speciesAmpelocissusafricana (Lour.) Merr. – Habit: Liana. Habitat: Seasonal swampy grassland, woodland, riverine forest, 1800–2160 m. Voucher: Padwa JH 20 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa to Botswana.Cayratiagracilis (Guill. & Perr.) Suess. – Habit: Climber. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Tropical & S Africa, Yemen.Cissuspetiolata Hook.f. – Habit: Liana. Habitat: Forest edge, riverine forest, rocky grounds, 790–1770 m. Voucher: Padwa JH 37 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.Cyphostemmabambuseti (Gilg & M.Brandt) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. – Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest, bamboo forest, 1800–2100 m. Vouchers: Jackson THE 384 (EA), Lugard 343 (EA). Native distribution range: South Sudan to N Zambia.Cyphostemmacyphopetalum (Fresen.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Bushlands, evergreen forest, 470–2450 m. Voucher: Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0086 . Native distribution range: Cameroon to Eritrea and Zambia.Cyphostemmacyphopetalumvar.nodiglandulosum (T.C.E.Fr.) Verdc. – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Wet savanna and woodland, 1750–2400 m. Voucher: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF). Native distribution range: Kenya to N Tanzania.Cyphostemmaheterotrichum (Gilg & R.E.Fr.) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Roadsides, forest, bushland, old cultivations, burnt grassland, 1600–2300 m. Voucher: Tweedie 1123 (EA). Native distribution range: Kenya to Zimbabwe.Cyphostemmajunceum (Webb) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Burnt grassland, swamp edge, bushland, 1650–2280 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 1050 (EA), Padwa JH 8 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropical Africa.EXCyphostemmajunceumsubsp.jatrophoides (Baker) Verdc. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: W Tropical Africa to Angola and Tanzania.Cyphostemmakilimandscharicum (Gilg) Desc. ex Wild & R.B.Drumm. – Habit: Climber herb. Habitat: Miost forest, 1600–3040 m. Voucher: Hedberg O (UPS). Native distribution range: SW Ethiopia to Zimbabwe.Cyphostemmaserpens (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Desc. – Habit: Climbing herb. Habitat: Wet savanna, 1750–2250 m. Voucher: Tweedie, E.M 1122 (K). Native distribution range: NE & E Tropical Africa to Burundi.Cyphostemmaukerewense (Gilg) Desc. – Habit: Climbing or prostrate herb. Habitat: grassland, secondary forest, 1110–2520 m. Vouchers: Tweedie 3285 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0081 . Native distribution range: Cameroon to South Sudan and W Tanzania.Rhoicissustridentata (L.f.) Wild & R.B.Drumm – Habit: Shrub or treelet or woody climber. Habitat: Forest, grassland, thickets and scrub, forest edge, woodland, 1750–2700 m. Vouchers: Hedberg O (UPS), Lugard EJ 283 (EA), Rono et al. SAJIT-PR 0100 . Native distribution range: Eritrea to S Africa, SW Arabian Peninsula.1 Genus, 1 speciesXimeniaamericana L. – Habit: Shrub or small tree. Habitat: Forest, woodland, 1750–2400 m. Vouchers: Snowden JD 848 (EA), Lind EM 5212 (EA), Padwa JH 21 (EA). Native distribution range: Tropics & Subtropics.1 Genus, 1 speciesTribulusterrestris L. – Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest, paths, wet savanna, 10–2300 m. Vouchers: Tweedie EM (1976) (REF), Agnew ADQ (2013) (REF). Native distribution range: Old World.