AbstractPageBreakOdontacolus Kieffer and Cyphacolus Priesner are among the most distinctive platygastroid wasps because of their laterally compressed metasomal horn; however, their generic status has remained unclear. We present a morphological phylogenetic analysis comprising all 38 Old World and four Neotropical Odontacolus species and 13 Cyphacolus species, which demonstrates that the latter is monophyletic but nested within a somewhat poorly resolved Odontacolus. Based on these results Cyphacolussyn. n. is placed as a junior synonym of Odontacolus which is here redefined. The taxonomy of Old World Odontacoluss.str. is revised; the previously known species Odontacolus longiceps Kieffer (Seychelles), Odontacolus markadicus Veenakumari (India), Odontacolus spinosus (Dodd)  and Odontacolus hackeri (Dodd)  are re-described, and 32 new species are described: Odontacolus africanus Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus aldrovandii Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus anningae Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Cameroon), Odontacolus australiensis Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus baeri Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus berryae Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus bosei Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus cardaleae Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus darwini Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Thailand), Odontacolus dayi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Indonesia), Odontacolus gallowayi Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus gentingensis Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus guineensis Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Guinea), Odontacolus harveyi Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus heratyi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Fiji), Odontacolus heydoni Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus irwini Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Fiji), Odontacolus jacksonae Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus kiau Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Papua New Guinea), Odontacolus lamarcki Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Thailand), Odontacolus madagascarensis Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Madagascar), Odontacolus mayri Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus mot Valerio & Austin sp. n. (India), Odontacolus noyesi Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus pintoi Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus schlingeri Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Fiji), Odontacolus sharkeyi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Thailand), Odontacolus veroae Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Fiji), Odontacolus wallacei Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus whitfieldi Valerio & Austin sp. n. , Odontacolus zborowskii Valerio & Austin sp. n. , and Odontacolus zimi Valerio & Austin sp. n. (Madagascar). In addition, all species of Cyphacolus are here transferred to Odontacolus: Odontacolus asheri  comb. n. (Sri Lanka), Odontacolus axfordi  comb. n. , Odontacolus bhowaliensis (Mani & Mukerjee) comb. n. (India), Odontacolus bouceki  comb. n. , Odontacolus copelandi  comb. n. , Odontacolus diazae  comb. n. (Kenya), Odontacolus harteni  comb. n. , Odontacolus jenningsi  comb. n. , Odontacolus leblanci  comb. n. (Guinea), Odontacolus lucianae  comb. n. , Odontacolus normani  comb. n. , Odontacolus sallyae  comb. n. , Odontacolus tessae  comb. n. , Odontacolus tullyae  comb. n. , Odontacolus veniprivus (Priesner) comb. n. (Egypt), and Odontacolus watshami  comb. n. . Two species of Odontacolus are transferred to the genus Idris Förster: Idris longispinosus (Girault) comb. n. and Idris amoenus (Kononova) comb. n., and Odontacolus doddi Austin syn. n. is placed as a junior synonym of Odontacolus spinosus (Dodd). Odontacolus markadicus, previously only known from India, is here recorded from Brunei, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Vietnam. The relationships, distribution and biology of Odontacolus are discussed, and a key is provided to identify all species.The genera  Odontacolus Kieffer and Cyphacolus Priesner are easily recognized from other platygastroid wasps by the obvious lateral compression of the T1 horn in the female. Previously considered to be relatively rare based on material available in collections, recent intensive collecting using Malaise and yellow-pan traps has revealed that some species of Odontacolus are moderately common. The likely phylogenetic affinities of the genera based on morphology are somewhat equivocal , with a dark infuscate patch at the fore wing margin, and the distal venation being absent, Odontacolus does not possess any obvious synapomorphies, and thus may be paraphyletic with respect to the former genus.The taxonomic status of both genera has largely been stable since their description, in part because they have received little attention. Cyphacolus Project information. This work is a product of the Platygastroidea Planetary Biodiversity Inventory, a project funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation . One of the primary objectives of this project is to use biodiversity informatics tools to accelerate the taxonomic process and to make real-time collaboration possible within the community of researchers with appropriate expertise. Details on the data associated with these specimens may be accessed at the following link: purl.oclc.org/NET/hymenoptera/hol, and entering the identifier . All the life sciences identifiers (LSIDs) may be resolved at http://lsid.tdwg.org (i.e. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:85B4E914-30E6-481C-8678-766A449E5B62). Species descriptions were developed and generated using the cybertool vSysLabPageBreaklecting data for specimens are available at Hymenoptera On-Line (http://hol.osu.edu), the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (http://www.gbif.org) and in the Darwin Core ArchiveThe specimen localities, except for the holotypes, are not included in full in the article’s text to avoid repetition of the data and to save publication space. The full colTerms. Morphological terminology follows Odontacolus gentingensis sp. n. (s sp. n. . AbbreviHymenoptera Anatomy Ontology (http://glossary.hymao.org). Identifiers in the format HAO_XXXXXXX represent concepts in the HAO in August 2012 and are provided to enable readers to confirm their understanding of the concepts being referenced. The identifier can also be used as a URI  by appending the identifier to ‘http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/’ (e.g. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HAO_0000124), which resolves to the HAO’s community-based resource that includes additional images, notes, and other metadata. The external hyperlinks are explicitly cited in the endnotes so that users of the printed version of the paper have access to the same resources. As possible the external information conforms to standards developed and maintained through the organization Biodiversity Information Standards (Taxonomic Database Working Group). All new species have been registered with Zoobank (http://www.zoobank.org), and other taxonomic names, where appropriate, have been retrospectively registered.Appendix I list terms associated with identifiers in the Illustrations and data citation. Images were taken with a JVC 3 CCD camera (model KY-575U) attached to a Leica Z16 APO with a Planapo 1.0× objective alone or in combination with a 2× magnifying lens. Specimens were illuminated with a 4 channel LED dome light from Advanced Illumination. Figures were produced using Auto-Montage Pro versions 5.10 and post-processed with Adobe Photoshop CS5. All images are archived at MorphbankPhylogenetic analysis. For the phylogenetic analysis Idriss. str. , Idris (Ceratobaeus) , and Idris floris (Kononova & Fursov) were used as outgroups; Idris floris was used to root the tree. The ingroup comprised 1) all 36 species of Old World Odontacoluss.str. treated herein, 2) 13 of the 16 species of Cyphacolus treated by Valerio et al. (2011), and 3) six Neotropical species: Odontacolus flavissimus Megyaszai and Odontacolus szaboi Megyaszai and four undescribed species: Od_sp. 4 (OSUC 246525), Od_sp. 5 (OSUC 246524), Od_sp. 6 (OSUC 253001) and Od_sp. 7 (OSUC 233343).PageBreakmens for some species, and from the literature for others . Only character 9  was uninformative under the parsimony criterion. Characters 37 (ovipositor shape) and 41  where coded directly from speciers e.g. . The anaers e.g.  under thCyphacolus species (tree not shown). The dataset clearly is very homoplasious, and so to explore possible relationships further, we compared the 50% majority rule consensus (MR) tree  form a grade at the base of the tree; there is a single large clade (A) with relative low support (65%) which contains Cyphacolus and 19 Odontacolus species, while the remaining taxa form a polytomy. In the IW tree the taxa in clade B largely correspond to clade A in the MR tree but with some exceptions, and Clade C encloses Cyphacolus plus Odontacolus bouceki, Odontacolus gallowayi, Odontacolus harveyi and Odontacolus zborowskii. The six Neotropical species occur in different places between the two trees but always with some taxa occurring among the Old World Odontacolus (i.e. Odontacolus sp. 7). In the MR tree four species  are found in clade A but as a paraphyletic grade, while in the IW tree these same species are found througthout clade B, and Odontacolus sp. 6 and Odontacolus sp. 7 are found basally within Clade B next to Odontacolus sp. 4. Further, in the IW tree the Fijian species, which are among very few taxa that lack any traces of notauli, form a monophyletic group within clade B with Odontacolus kiau and Odontacolus baeri. This placement of these species would seem to make more sense biogeographically, given they are endemic to an isolated oceanic island, rather than three of them being at the base of the Odontacolus + Cyphacolus clade (as in the MR tree).Maximum parsimony analysis resulted in 10,000 trees of 348 steps . The strict consensus tree is largely unresolved except for a monophyletic group containing all 13 MR) tree  with thaMR) tree . In bothPageBreakCyphacolus, though they differ in their specific relationships. In the MR Cyphacolus seems to be the sister clade to the species Odontacolus australiensis, Odontacolus berryae, Odontacolus harveyi, Odontacolus zborowskii and Odontacolus gallowayi, while in the IW tree just Odontacolus harveyi, Odontacolus zborowskii and Odontacolus gallowayi form a paraphyletic clade being sister to Cyphacolus and Odontacolus australiensis, Odontacolus berryae are place at the base of the Cyphacolus + Odontacolus clade. Interestingly, these five species have a short stigmal vein (r-rs), the head is moderately short and strongly narrowed towards mouth, and they have somewhat setose eyes. These characters are also shared between other Odontacolus and Cyphacolus species. One of the main characters previously used to differentiate Cyphacolus from Odontacolus was its convex distal fore wing surface and conspicuous constriction at the base of the wing. However, it is now evident that this wing shape is also found in some Odontacolus species  although not as pronounced.In both trees the same group of Australian species is sister to PageBreakPageBreakCyphacolus always being nested within Odontacolus, however the relationships among the most basal taxa for the clade Odontacolus + Cyphacolus clade varied among the trees. Also, the number of Odontacolus species placed as sister species to the Cyphacolus clade changes.Additionally, the topology of the IW trees for K=5 and K=7 were similar to that for K=3, with Odontacolus species form a monophyletic group with respect to Cyphacolus. Rather it seems highly likely that the latter genus is nested within Odontacolus and renders it paraphyletic. For this reason we place Cyphacolus as a junior synonym of Odontacolus, syn. n., and refer to it hereafter as the Odontacolus veniprivus species group. All species of Cyphacolus are here transferred to Odontacolus: Odontacolus asheri  comb. n. (Sri Lanka), Odontacolus axfordi  comb. n. , Odontacolus bhowaliensis (Mani & Mukerjee) comb. n. (India), Odontacolus bouceki  comb. n. , Odontacolus copelandi  comb. n. , Odontacolus diazae  comb. n. (Kenya), Odontacolus harteni  comb. n. , Odontacolus jenningsi  comb. n. , Odontacolus leblanci  comb. n. (Guinea), Odontacolus lucianae  comb. n. , Odontacolus normani  comb. n. , Odontacolus sallyae  comb. n. , Odontacolus tessae  comb. n. , Odontacolus tullyae  comb. n. , Odontacolus veniprivus (Priesner) comb. n. (Egypt), and Odontacolus watshami  comb. n. .Although the relationships inferred from the data are not particularly robust, it is difficult to entertain a scenario in which all Kiefferurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:846E9F7C-5402-4A83-8D9F-226A12BAEDD5urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:525http://species-id.net/wiki/OdontacolusPageBreakOdontacolusOdontacolus Kieffer and CeratobaeusAshmead]; De Santis 1980: 313 [catalog of species of Brazil]; Austin 1981: 88 ; Galloway and Austin 1984: 6, 92 ; Austin 1988: 176 [keyed]; Johnson 1992: 443 [catalog of world species]; Kononova 1992: 132 [description]; Masner and Denis 1996: 90 [keyed]; Kononova and Kozlov 2001: 340, 401 ; Loiácono and Margaría 2002: 557 [catalog of Brazilian species]; Austin and Iqbal 2005Cyphacolus and OdontacolusKieffer 1910a: 294. Original description. Type species: : 100, 104 ; Kieffer 1912a: 54 [redescribed as new]; Kieffer 1912b: 88 [description]; Dodd 1914a: 59 [keyed]; Kieffer 1926: 132, 145 ; Muesebeck and Walkley 1956CeratobaeoidesDodd 1913: 337. Original description. Type species: : 59 [keyed]; Dodd 1914b: 125 [description]; Kieffer 1926: 264, 273 ; Muesebeck and Walkley 1956: 341 [citation of type species]; Masner 1976: 65 [taxonomic status]; Austin 1981Odontacolus urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BED2BB8F-3D3B-4D20-975E-4441CA26154FOdontacolus urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:9359Cyphacolussyn. n.Priesner 1951Odontacolus urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:85B4E914-30E6-481C-8678-766A449E5B62Odontacolus urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:468Female. Tiny to small wasps, 1.01–2.38 mm in length; body slightly elongate, generally moderately slight in form.Head. In anterior view varying in shape from suboval or subtriangular, to elongate and broad in buccal region. Frons smooth or sculptured, median area often defined by difference in sculpture compared to surrounding face, central keel present and often reaching almost to medial ocellus, sometimes virtually absent. Compound eyes large though appearing smaller in species with elongate buccal region, usually setose though sometimes setae tiny and eyes appearing glabrous. Mandibles with three teeth, normally subequal in size, sometimes with middle tooth slightly longer or lower tooth slightly shorter. Head in lateral view rather narrow, tapering to mouth, particularly in species with elongate malar region. Head in dorsal view curved around anterior mesosoma. Occiput well exposed. Ocelli usually large, touching or close to orbital margin. Occipital carina complete dorsally, sometimes faint because of surrounding sculpture. Antenna 7-segmented, clava large and appearing unsegmented or with distinct suture lines so that clava comprises 4 segments.Mesosoma. Mesoscutum wider than long, usually flat or virtually so, sometimes dorsally convex. Notauli usually present as distinct grooves reaching no more than about half way to anterior margin of mesoscutum, sometimes virtually absent or hidden by coarse longitudinal sculpture. Mesoscutellum either flat or transverse, with posterior margin usually straight medially, or dorsally convex and semicircular or oval in shape. Propodeum with pair of broad, elongate spines which are blunt or truncate apically and flank the T1 horn.PageBreakWings. Macropterous, never brachypterous. Fore wing narrow basally, broad in apical half, sometimes fore margin sinuate and surface of apical half convex (spoon-shaped) and molded to convex dorsal surface of metasoma (i.e. subelytriform). Fore wing venation with tubular submarginal (Sc+R) and stigmal veins (r-rs), marginal vien (C+R) very short, postmarginal vein (R1) very short or absent; in Odontacolus veniprivus species group venation lacking except for incomplete submarginal vein, with pronounced infuscate patch at position of marginal (C+R) and stigmal veins (r-rs). Fore wing color varying from hyaline to having dark infuscate bands.Metasoma in dorsal view subpedunculate. T1 square or longitudinally slightly longer than wide (rarely more transverse), with parallel or slightly curved lateral margins. Metasoma widest in posterior half; in lateral view dorsal surface slightly to strongly convex. T1 with large, laterally compressed hornlike process  which reaches to level of posterior mesocutellum or higher. T3 the largest tergite, slightly longer than T2, sometimes subequal in length with T2. Ovipositor at least 1.5× length of metasoma, with shaft curled back on itself within rounded head of the T1 horn. Gonoplacs elongate, approximately 0.75× length of metasoma.Male. Antenna short, 11-segmented, often appearing to be 9- or 10-segmented as distal antenomeres are closely joined, distal antenna becoming progressively broader so as to be subclavate. Metasomal horn absent, but anterior part of T1 inflected upwards.Odontacoluss.l. can be distinguished from all other genera of Platygastroidea by three unique characters: T1 of the female has a laterally compressed T1 horn ; the ovipositor is retracted within the metasoma and curled around within the curved head of the T1 horn so that it forms an elongate, U-shape ; Odontacolus whitfieldi has been reared from an unknown spider from China (specimens in UCRC), while Odontacolus harteni has also been reared from an unknown spider from Pakistan (specimens in BMNH) .Like other members of the in BMNH) . AlthougPageBreakOdontacolus species, we predict that females employ their long ovipositor to parasitize host eggs from outside the egg sac, by pushing the ovipositor through the silk wall, in a similar way as has been described for Idris (Ceratobaeus) species  during a recent visit to the UASK was able to examine a female paratype and confirm that the species does indeed belong to Idris.The previously described species  Girault  and OdonValerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8B4944AC-A130-4024-846C-9FABEF79D61Aurn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254265http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_africanusFemale. Body length: 1.51–1.85 mm (n=4). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: completely dark brown. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: largely smooth ventrally, sparsely granulate ventrally. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: granulose throughout. Sculpture of malar space: granulose throughout; with fan-like striae, striae not extending into antennal scrobe. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: large. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina; slightly greater than width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: granulose.PageBreakMesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: largely smooth, dorsal margin with dense, weak punctulae. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: anterior half coriaceous, otherwise densely granulose. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with weak, fine, granulate sculpture. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely, finely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spines: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: with dense, well-defined longitudinally costate sculpture reaching just half of its width. Metapleuron sculpture: largely smooth except lower half with longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Lateral carinae on T2: present, poorly defined. Sculpture of T2: largely weakly coriaceous mixed with longitudinal costae, meson coriaceous. Sculpture of T3: anterior two-thirds longitudinally costate, otherwise coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: mainly smooth, with sparse, setigerous punctulae. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, interrupted medially.Male. Body length: 1.36 – 1.60 mm (n=3). Body color: head, mesoscutum, edges of T1–T2, T4–T6 dark brown, reminder of terga light honey yellow as remainder of mesosoma. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: upper half with transverse carinae mixed with granulae, remainder of scrobe smooth. Shape and size of anterior ocellus: large, oblong in shape. Vertex posterior area sculpture: densely granulose. Occipital carina dorsal area: cristate, conspicuously present. Netrion: well-defined, suboval. Sculpture of mesepisternum: absent (smooth). Sculpture of pronotal lateral areas: with thin, longitudinal carinae. Length of fore wing stigmal vein: conspicuously elongate. Angle of stigmal vein in relation to anterior margin of fore wing: at an angle of approximately 45° with respect to anterior margin of wing. Sculpture of T2: mesal area with weal longitudinal carinae, remainder of tergum with longitudinal carinae mixed with coriaceous sculpture.Odontacolus africanus is very similar to Odontacolus anningae, but the latter species can be identified by the body being completely yellow and the mesal area of T2 with a conspicuous smooth area, and the remainder of the tergum with thin, somewhat sparse, well-defined, longitudinal costae throughout their length, and without coriaceous sculpture in the background.This species is named in reference to its broad distribution across southern and east Africa.32SOUTH AFRICA: KwaZulu-Natal Prov., Eshowe, VI-1926, R. E. Turner, OSUC 238419 (deposited in BMNH). PageBreakParatypes:  CAMEROON: 1 female, OSUC 238442 (BMNH). CONGO: 1 female, OSUC 381663 (OSUC). GUINEA: 1 female, OSUC 238724 (CNCI). KENYA: 64 females, 2 males, OSUC 321891 (BMNH); OSUC 238444, 238447, 238519, 238550, 238572, 238576–238577, 238723, 238725, 238729, 238732–238733, 238735–238737, 238739, 238741–238742, 238747–238750, 238752–238755, 238758–238764, 321886 (CNCI); OSUC 238522, 238555, 238565, 238567–238568, 238573, 238582, 238722, 238726, 238730, 238738, 238757 (NMKE); OSUC 238520, 238740, 238745, 238751 (OSUC); OSUC 238438, 238514, 238727, 238731, 238734, 238743, 238746, 238765–238766, 267295–267297, 381662 (USNM); OSUC 238744, 412089 (WINC). MADAGASCAR: 12 females, 1 male, OSUC 238436–238437, 321888 (BMNH); CASENT 2042644–2042645, 2134801, 2134824, 2135994, 2137871, 2137902 (CASC); CASENT 2042643, 2079135, 2135721 (OSUC). MOZAMBIQUE: 1 female, OSUC 339606 (CNCI). SOUTH AFRICA: 4 females, OSUC 321889–321890 (BMNH); OSUC 238720–238721 (CNCI). UGANDA: 2 females, OSUC 238427, 238446 (CNCI). ZIMBABWE: 2 females, OSUC 238425, 238439 (CNCI).Holotype female: The holotype has the posterior right leg detached from the body and glued to the triangle; the right side wings are detached and in a gelatin capsule; the left antenna is missing. Most of the paratypes are in perfect condition.In some female specimens the color pattern differs from that described above, the metasoma is a slightly lighter tone of dark brown compared to the head or the mesosoma (i.e. OSUC 238763). Additionally, the mesal area of T2 normally is covered by fine, dense, longitudinal costae (as in the holotype) but some specimens exhibit a smooth area with weak coriaceous sculpture in the background , or a narrow smooth area with the lateral areas of the tergite with weak, longitudinal costae mixed with weak coriaceous sculpture in the background.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:155D7A01-D442-4E06-B1FB-F36E3B5F50CCurn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254276http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_aldrovandiiFemale. Body length: 1.75 mm (n=1). Antenna color: A1, A5–A7 light yellow, remainder of antenna light honey yellow. Body color: completely dark brown. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.PageBreakHead. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: weakly coriaceous throughout. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate, reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with sparse, transverse costae mixed with weak, dense granulae. Sculpture of malar space: with weak rugulose sculpture mixed with granulate sculpture. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Shape of medial area of vertexmedial area of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: large. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: present, well-defined but small . Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: largely granulose, ventral 1/4 with broad costae. Netrion: present, smooth, well developed, sub-obovate. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: elevated, anterior margin higher than posterior. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: sparsely transversely carinate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: largely smooth except lower half with longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: finely longitudinally costate, granulate laterally. Sculpture of T3: anterior third weakly costate sublaterally, weakly coriaceous mesally, otherwise granulose. Sculpture of S3–S6: S3 weakly coriaceous, S4–S6 mainly smooth with few, sparse, setigerous punctulae sculpture. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus known from Nepal so far. It has a small but evident lagrimal as in Odontacolus mot; however, the lagrimal is not as large as in Odontacolus gentingensis. Odontacolus aldrovandii can be distinguished from Odontacolus mot by its smaller body size and the honey yellow coloration of the metasoma. In Odontacolus mot the metasoma in mainly dark brown except for the light orange T1.This is the only species of This species is named to honor the Renaissance Italian naturalist Ulisse Aldrovandi. The epithet is used as noun in the genitive case.34NEPAL nr. Birganj, Lothar, 450ft. 13–19.ix.1967, Malaise trap No.84, Canadian Nepal Expedition, OSUC 239210 (deposited in CNCI).Holotype female: The holotype is in good condition except that the right hind wing and right antennal clava are missing.PageBreakValerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B77B5DD6-5506-40AE-AC8E-BFA080D09E00urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:281688http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_anningaeFemale. Body length: 1.39 mm (n=1). Antenna color: A1 yellow, otherwise dark brown. Body color: completely yellow. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: largely smooth ventrally, sparsely granulate ventrally. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with sparse, transverse costae mixed with weak, dense granulae. Sculpture of malar space: coriaceous throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Shape of medial area of vertexmedial area of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: small. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: slightly greater than width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: upper 1/3 granulose, lower 1/3 with transverse foveae, otherwise smooth. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: weakly rugulose mixed with granulate sculpture. Mesoscutellar profile: elevated, anterior margin higher than posterior. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely, finely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: longitudinally costate on weakly coriaceous background. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across half width. Metapleural sculpture: mainly smooth, lower third sparsely longitudinally carinate.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.PageBreakMetasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: largely coriaceous, smooth mesally. Sculpture of T3: smooth mesally, otherwise weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: S3 weakly coriaceous, S4–S6 mainly smooth with few, sparse, setigerous punctulae sculpture. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, interrupted medially.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus baeri is very similar to Odontacolus africanus and Odontacolus anningae but can be distinguished from them by the absence of the S2 anterior carina. Both Odontacolus africanus and Odontacolus anningae have a clearly divided S2 anterior carina, but Odontacolus anningae is mainly yellow in body color, contrasting with Odontacolus africanus which is completely dark brown.The species This species is named after the great British fossil hunter Mary Anning. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.36CAMEROON: Nkoemvom, 18.IX.1988, Malaise trap, D. Jackson, OSUC 238445 (deposited in BMNH).Holotype female: The female holotype is in perfect condition.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5E7C36F8-C43C-41E8-AE10-AEDA1994DA2Furn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254263http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_australiensisFemale. Body length: 1.46 – 1.62 mm (n=5). Antenna color: completely yellow except distal half of clava slightly darker than remainder of antenna. Body color: mostly dark brown except posterior edge of metasomal terga yellowish. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.PageBreakHead. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head moderately short and strongly narrowed towards mouth, head appearing short and broad. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: smooth throughout. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate, reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with weak rugulose-aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of malar space: with fan-like striae, striae extending into antennal scrobe. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Shape of medial area of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: minute. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: greater than 1.5× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: with rugulose sculpture mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of occipital carina: strongly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina; slightly greater than width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: with weak rugulose sculpture and granulate background sculpture.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: transversely costate. Netrion: absent, obscured by longitudinal sculpture of lateral pronotum. Notaulus: present, with crenulae that extend completely through depth of furrow. Length of notaulus: approximately 2/5× length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: finely granulose. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: sparsely transversely carinate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: longitudinally costate. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: midtransverse area smooth, otherwise with cristate, longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, short, broad. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, elongate. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: smooth. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Lateral carinae on T2: absent. Sculpture of T2: meson and posterior margin smooth, otherwise longitudinally costate. Sculpture of T3: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, rounded, uninterrupted.Male. Body length: 1. 39 mm (n=1). Body color: Antenna yellow as legs, metasoma light brown, head dark brown as mesosoma, fore wing with light infuscate color, no dark bands present. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: mesal area smooth, remainder with weakly coriaceous sculpture mixed with weak rugulose sculpture except upper 1/6 more rugulose than coriaceous. Shape and size of anterior ocellus: minute, very round. Vertex posterior area sculpture: with dense, small granulate sculpture. Occipital carina dorsal area: well-defined, conspicuously present. Netrion: practically absent by presence of longitudinal carinae on pronotal lateral areas. Sculpture of mesepisternum: mostly weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of pronotal lateral areas: with dense, fine, straight, transverse carinae. Length of fore wing stigmal vein: short. Angle of stigmal vein in relation to anterior margin of fore wing: at an angle of almost 90°. Sculpture of T2: medially smooth, sublateral areas with semi-curved longitudinal carinae.PageBreakOdontacolus australiensis can be separated from Odontacolus gallowayi by the deep impressed notauli that exhibit few sparse crenulae throughout their length in combination with its brown body color; Odontacolus gallowayi has a shallow notauli with dense crenulae throughout their length, and its body color is yellow.This is one of two species within a group of taxa in which the netrion is obscured and its marginal crenulae are not well-defined, the mesoscutum is completely sculptured, the mesoscutellum is never with smooth areas, and has short, dense setation. This species is named after the collection locality of the species, Australia. The epithet is used as an adjective.38Eucalyptus stellulata Sieber .On tree trunk of AUSTRALIA: ACT, Canberra, 8.VII.1966, band trap, A. Wilson, OSUC 239116 (deposited in ANIC). Paratypes: AUSTRALIA: 22 females, 4 males, OSUC 239143 (AMSA); OSUC 239118–239128, 239142 (ANIC); OSUC 239129 (BMNH); OSUC 239133–239136, 239138–239141 (CNCI); OSUC 239131 (QDPC); OSUC 148638, 239130, 239132 (WINC). Other material: AUSTRALIA: 1 female, OSUC 239117 (WINC).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition; all paratypes are in good condition except for specimen OSUC 239143 which is missing the metasoma.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:91C397A0-1C4B-4A32-9A55-DF5A889F3290urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:281689http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_baeriFemale. Body length: 1.44 mm (n=1). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: mainly yellow, T1 horn dark brown, anteromesal mesoscutum honey yellow. Coxae color: whitish yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): whitish yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: weakly coriaceous throughout. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, short (less than 1/3 of frons height). Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: granulose throughout. Sculpture of malar space: coriaceous throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: small. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: granulose.PageBreakMesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: smooth. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: upper 1/3 granulose, lower 1/3 with transverse foveae, otherwise smooth. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: elevated, anterior margin higher than posterior. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely, finely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: weakly, finely coriaceous. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: smooth.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, poorly defined. Sculpture of T2: densely, finely, longitudinally costate, weakly coriaceous sublaterally. Sculpture of T3: anterior third weakly costate sublaterally, weakly coriaceous mesally, otherwise granulose. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: absent.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus africanus and Odontacolus anningae but can be separated from them by the absence of the S2 anterior carina. Both Odontacolus africanus and Odontacolus anningae have a clearly divided S2 anterior carina.This species is very similar to This species is named after the amazing German biologist Karl Ernst von Baer. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.40AUSTRALIA: NT, Holmes Jungle, rainforest / litter, Q.M. Berlesate No. 93, Berrimah, 12°25'S, 130°55'E, 7.VII.1979, sieved litter, G. Monteith, OSUC 238430 (deposited in QMBA).Holotype female: The female holotype is in perfect condition.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A6EA78EA-F23C-4E80-ACF7-E0AA9A79E39Durn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254262http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_berryaeFemale. Body length: 1.52 mm (n=1). Antenna color: A1–A2 honey yellow, otherwise dark brown. Body color: completely dark brown, metasoma lighter in color than head or mesosoma. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.PageBreakHead. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head moderately short and strongly narrowed towards mouth, head appearing short and broad. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: smooth throughout. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with weak rugulose-aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of malar space: with fan-like striae, striae extending into antennal scrobe. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: small. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: greater than 1.5× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: with abundant areolate sculpture mixed with dense, fine granulae. Sculpture of occipital carina: strongly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: with weak rugulose sculpture and granulate background sculpture.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with conspicuously elongate (clearly larger than crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: transversely costate. Netrion: absent, obscured by longitudinal sculpture of lateral pronotum. Notaulus: present, with crenulae that extend completely through depth of furrow. Length of notaulus: approximately 2/5× length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: distinctly widened . Sculpture of mesoscutum: finely granulose. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with weak, fine, granulate sculpture. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: longitudinally costate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: longitudinally costate. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: longitudinally costate. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: midtransverse area smooth, otherwise with cristate, longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, short, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, elongate. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: smooth. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: absent. Sculpture of T2: meson and posterior margin smooth, otherwise longitudinally costate. Sculpture of T3: smooth mesally, otherwise weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, rounded, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.This species may be distinguished from all others with an obscured netrion by the combination of the very wide notauli that have a few, broad and well-defined crenulae; the mesoscutum broadly smooth in its posterior half; and the mesoscutellum mesally with a smooth patch and its conspicuously long but somewhat sparse setae.PageBreakThis species is named after our entomological colleague Dr Jo Berry from New Zealand. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.42Trite planiceps Simon  in New Zealand.Recorded as an egg parasitoid of NEW ZEALAND: Gisborne Unit. Auth., Gisborne Dist., grape vines / corrugated cardboard, Manutuke, 25.I.1990, J. G. Charles, OSUC 238563 (deposited in NZAC). Paratypes:  AUSTRALIA: 2 females, OSUC 239137 (CNCI); OSUC 238564 (QDPC). NEW ZEALAND: 9 females, OSUC 238528, 238537, 238544 (LUNZ); OSUC 238560 (OSUC); OSUC 238509, 238545, 238549, 238580, (NZAC); 238587 (WINC). NORFOLK ISLAND: 1 female, OSUC 238515 (ANIC).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition as are the remainder of the paratypes except for specimen OSUC 238564 which is covered with dust.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6E58CAAC-BF18-49F3-AE76-EF9EA9564E59urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254277http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_boseiFemale. Body length: 1.11 – 1.56 mm (n=20). Antenna color: clava and A2 light honey yellow, remainder of antenna yellow. Body color: completely dark brown. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: largely smooth ventrally, dorsally with sinuate, transverse ridges. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate, reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with sparse, transverse costae mixed with weak, dense granulae. Sculpture of malar space: with weak rugulose sculpture mixed with granulate sculpture. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: normal. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: with rugulose sculpture mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: with weak rugulose sculpture and granulate background sculpture.PageBreakMesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: upper 1/3 granulose, lower 1/3 with transverse foveae, otherwise smooth. Netrion: present, smooth, well developed, sub-obovate. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: elevated, anterior margin higher than posterior. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely transversely carinate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across half width. Metapleural sculpture: largely smooth, longitudinally carinate ventrally; mainly smooth, lower third sparsely longitudinally carinate.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: largely weakly coriaceous mixed with longitudinal costae, meson coriaceous. Sculpture of T3: anterior half coriaceous mesally, otherwise granulate. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus markadicus, but can be distinguished by the completely dark brown body and the conspicuously crenulate lateral occipital carina. In Odontacolus markadicus the body color is yellow and the lateral occipital carina is mainly smooth.This species is very similar to This species is name after the amazing Bengali painter Nandalal Bose, recipient of the “Padma Vibhushan”. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.44INDIA: Karnataka St., Bangalore, 1.VII-10.VII.1988, pan trap, K. Ghorpade, OSUC 239193 (deposited in CNCI). Paratypes:  INDIA: 31 females, OSUC 238773-238779, 238784-238792, 238794-238802, 238807-238808, 239194 (CNCI); OSUC 238780-238781, 238783 (OSUC). MALAYSIA: 1 female, OSUC 239158 (CNCI). SRI LANKA: 1 female, OSUC 239204 (CNCI).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition as are most of the paratypes except for specimen OSUC 238789 which has the left fore wing glued to the point, and OSUC 238790 which has the metascutellum detached from the body.PageBreakValerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A0F1D450-8E8B-46D8-B941-96FEFE39981Furn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254270http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_cardaleaeFemale. Body length: 1.65 mm (n=1). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: mostly yellow, propodeum, propodeal anterior spines, T1 horn dark brown. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: with weak, sinuate, transverse ridges throughout. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: with abundant areolate sculpture mixed with dense, fine granulae sculpture. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: covered by sinuate, transverse, fine costae. Sculpture of malar space: granulose throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: normal. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: largely smooth, dorsal margin with dense, weak punctulae. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: present, with crenulae that extend completely through depth of furrow. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: finely granulose. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with weak, fine, granulate sculpture. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely, finely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: rugulose throughout. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: mainly with weak coriaceous sculpture, lower 1/3 without longitudinal costae.PageBreakWings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: transversely carinate. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally costate on coriaceous background. Sculpture of T3: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus cardaleae belongs to a group having the occipital carina separated from the orbital carina, a well-defined netrion, a central keel on the frons, and well-defined notauli. However, Odontacolus cardaleae is the only species in the group that has a few broad crenulae across the notauli and the antennal scrobes with transverse sinuate ridges. Odontacolus heydoni can be separated from Odontacolus cardaleae by its large ocelli .Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:07961E9D-C67B-415A-A854-7A70FC9B8F9Furn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254272http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_darwiniFemale. Body length: 1.22 – 1.78 mm (n=5). Antenna color: A1 yellow, otherwise dark brown. Body color: head dark brown, mesosoma, T1 , anterior 1/3 of T2 light orange, remainder of metasoma dark brown. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin.PageBreakterior ocellus; present, elongate, reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with sparse, transverse costae mixed with weak, dense granulae. Sculpture of malar space: with sparse, fine, dorsoventral carinae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: large. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Sculpture of antennal scrobe: largely smooth ventrally, dorsally with sinuate, transverse ridges. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anMesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: coriaceous. Netrion: present, smooth, well developed, not looking - linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: densely, finely granulate, posterior 1/4 more coarsely coriaceous. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with weak, fine, granulate sculpture. Mesoscutellar profile: elevated, anterior margin higher than posterior. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: sparsely transversely carinate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex subtriangular. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across half width. Metapleural sculpture: sparsely longitudinally costate.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally costate on coriaceous background. Sculpture of T3: anterior third weakly costate sublaterally, weakly coriaceous mesally, otherwise granulose. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.This species is easily identified based on its unique color pattern; there is no other known species that has the head and metasoma black in combination with an orange mesosoma and yellow legs.This species is named after the famed British biologist Charles Robert Darwin. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.48THAILAND: Nakhon Nayok Prov., behind vegetable garden, T149, Khao Yai National Park, 14°24.761'N, 101°22.815'E, 19.VII–26.VII.2006, Malaise trap, P. Sandao, OSUC 233092 (deposited in QSBG). PageBreakParatypes:  MALAYSIA: 3 females, OSUC 239206–239207 (CNCI); OSUC 239208 (WINC). THAILAND: 10 females, OSUC 247787, 339582, 339603 (OSUC); OSUC 250602, 339576, 339581, 339583, 339589 (QSBG); UCRC ENT 135102, 135138 (UCRC).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition. Paratype OSUC 250602 is smaller in size than other specimens, and also has the mesal area of T2 smooth, the anterior mesal area of T3 mainly smooth with the exception of some weak, sparse longitudinal costae contrasting with the rest of specimens in which the sculpturing of T3 is as follows: anterior third is weakly costate sublaterally, weakly coriaceous mesally but otherwise granulose. Specimen OSUC 339589 has the metasoma lighter in color than other specimens.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A1879B39-5334-4E71-A5E1-5A0082DCD8BDurn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254328http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_dayiFemale. Body length: 1.68 mm (n=1). Antenna color: clava and A2 light honey yellow, remainder of antenna yellow. Body color: head and metasoma beyond T1 dark brown, mesosoma and T1 honey yellow. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: largely smooth ventrally, sparsely granulate ventrally. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: granulose throughout. Sculpture of malar space: with sparse, short fan-like striae, striae not extending into scrobal area, mixed with weak coriaceous sculpture. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: slightly depressed. Size of lateral ocelli: large. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: granulose.PageBreakMesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: coriaceous. Netrion: present, smooth, well developed, sub-obovate. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: elevated, anterior margin higher than posterior. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: coarsely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across half width. Metapleural sculpture: largely smooth except lower half with longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: largely weakly coriaceous mixed with longitudinal costae, meson coriaceous. Sculpture of T3: anterior half weakly, longitudinally costate, coriaceous mesally, otherwise weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus dayi.This is the only known species that has a longitudinally depressed vertex. In the Neotropics there is one undescribed species (in CNCI) with a very conspicuous longitudinal depression on the vertex, but the general sculpture of the body is very different from This species is named after the hymenopterist M. C. Day, now retired from the Natural History Museum, London. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.50INDONESIA: Maluku Prov., Ceram (Seram) Isl., Solea, VIII–1987, M. C. Day, OSUC 238418 (deposited in BMNH).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E956719F-F685-4677-AEEF-F8A6E20F9B76urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254260http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_gallowayiFemale. Body length: 1.49mm (n=2). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: completely yellow. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.PageBreakHead. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head moderately short and strongly narrowed towards mouth, head appearing short and broad. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: smooth throughout. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate, reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with weak rugulose-aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of malar space: with fan-like striae, striae extending into antennal scrobe. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: small. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: greater than 1.5× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: with abundant areolate sculpture mixed with dense, fine granulae. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: weakly sinuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: with weak rugulose sculpture and granulate background sculpture.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: largely covered by longitudinal costae except upper 1/5 foveate. Netrion: absent, obscured by longitudinal sculpture of lateral pronotum. Notaulus: present, with low crenulae that do not extend through depth of furrow. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: finely granulose. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with weak, fine, granulate sculpture. Mesoscutellar profile: elevated, anterior margin higher than posterior. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: sparsely transversely carinate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: sparsely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: smooth.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, short, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, elongate. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: smooth. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Lateral carinae on T2: absent. Sculpture of T2: largely longitudinally costate, meson smooth, weakly granulate laterally. Sculpture of T3: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, rounded, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus australiensis can be separated from Odontacolus gallowayi by the deep impressed notauli that exhibit few sparse crenulae throughout their length in combination with its brown body color; Odontacolus gallowayi has a shallow notauli with dense crenulae throughout its length, and its body color is yellow.This is one of two species within a group of taxa that has an obscured netrion, notaular crenulae poorly defined, and the mesoscutum completely sculptured (without smooth areas) and entirely covered by short, abundant setae. PageBreakThis species is named after the Australian hymenopterist I. D. Galloway. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case52AUSTRALIA: QLD, via Julatten, Mount Lewis, 28.III.1976, I. D. Galloway, OSUC 238000 (deposited in QMBA). Paratype: AUSTRALIA: 1 female, OSUC 237999 (QDPC).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition; the paratype has the right hind wing and metasoma detached but glued to a card point.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3ACBDD21-9C7B-4537-A2B8-875F2578D3AAurn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254259http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_gentingensisFemale. Body length: 1.88 mm (n=1). Antenna color: A1 yellow, otherwise dark brown. Body color: head yellow, mesosoma mostly yellow, mesoscutum anteromesally and posterolaterally dark honey yellow, metasoma mainly dark honey yellow, sublateral areas of T3 yellow. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: smooth throughout. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: granulose throughout. Sculpture of malar space: with fan-like striae, striae extending into antennal scrobe. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: large. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: less than 0.5× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: conspicuously present . Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: granulose.PageBreakMesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: smooth or nearly so. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: anterior half coriaceous, otherwise densely granulose. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: longitudinally costate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: transversely costate. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across half width. Metapleural sculpture: mainly with weak coriaceous sculpture, lower 1/3 with sparse longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, elongate. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Lateral carinae on T2: present, poorly defined. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally costate, posterior margin smooth. Sculpture of T3: anterior third weakly longitudinally costate, otherwise coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus species based on the large and conspicuous lagrimal in combination with the occipital carina which is almost touching the orbital carina.This species can be easily distinguished from all other This species is named after the Genting Tea Estate, Malaysia from where the species was collected. The epithet is used as an adjective.54MALAYSIA: Pahang St., Genting Tea Estate, 2000ft, VII–1985–VIII–1985, Malaise trap, W. Budenberg, OSUC 237935 (deposited in CNCI).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:29CCAAFE-F71F-44F3-89A5-D35DD067BA57urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254257http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_guineensisFemale. Body length: 2.38 mm (n=1). Antenna color: A1 yellow, otherwise dark brown. Body color: completely dark brown. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.PageBreakHead. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: with weak, sinuate, transverse ridges throughout. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with weak rugulose-aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of malar space: weakly rugulose throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: large. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: with abundant areolate sculpture mixed with dense, fine granulae. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: with weak rugulose sculpture and granulate background sculpture.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: weakly punctate, smooth posteroventrally. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: depressed. Lateral propodeal area: coarsely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex sharply acute. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: longitudinally costate. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: longitudinally costate on weakly coriaceous background. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: sparsely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: mainly with weak coriaceous sculpture, lower 1/3 without longitudinal costae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, elongate. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Lateral carinae on T2: present, poorly defined. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally costate, posterior margin smooth. Sculpture of T3: anterior two-thirds longitudinally costate, otherwise coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: weakly, longitudinally costate mixed with setigerous punctulae. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, interrupted medially.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus in which the netrion is present and the occipital carina almost touches the orbital carina by the interrupted S2 anterior carina, and the depressed posteromesal area of the mesoscutellum.This species can be distinguished from all other This species is named after the African country from which it was collected. The epithet is used as an adjective.56PageBreakGUINEA: Lola Pref., rainforest, Mount Nimba, 07°41 – 42'N, 08°23'W, 514–740m, XII–1990–III–1991, flight intercept trap, L. Leblanc, OSUC 237933 (deposited in CNCI).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition.(Dodd)urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4FED7ED3-8261-4A5F-A3E6-BE95A8419ADEurn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:4947http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_hackeriCeratobaeoides hackeriDodd 1913: 337 ; Dodd 1914aOdontacolus hackeriFemale. Body length: 1.75 mm (n=1). Antenna color: completely dark brown. Body color: head and metasoma honey yellow except for T1 horn which is darker than remainder of metasoma color, mesosoma yellow. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head moderately short and strongly narrowed towards mouth, head appearing short and broad. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: weakly rugulose throughout. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, short (less than 1/3 of frons height). Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: coriaceous throughout. Sculpture of malar space: weakly rugulose throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: normal. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: slightly greater than width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: upper 1/3 granulose, lower 1/3 with transverse foveae, otherwise smooth. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: weakly rugulose mixed with granulate sculpture. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: sparsely transversely carinate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex rounded. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across half width. Metapleural sculpture: smooth.PageBreakWings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: transversely carinate. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, interrupted medially.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus hackeri can be distinguished from all other Australian Odontacolus species by the short, smooth notauli; a well-defined netrion; a central keel being present, sculptured antennal scrobe; a short, broad T1 horn which has conspicuously transverse carinae on its posterior face; and by the flat vertex.58Ceratobaeoides hackeri: AUSTRALIA: QLD, among undergrowth, Brisbane, 26.IV.1913, H. Hacker, QMBA HY1630 (deposited in QMBA).Holotype female, The holotype is slide mounted and partly destroyed .Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AC5B30E0-0542-45AB-A6E1-13A378F1C1BAurn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254264http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_harveyiFemale. Body length: 1.50 mm (n=1). Antenna color: A1–A5 yellow, otherwise dark brown. Body color: head and body honey yellow, metasoma mainly dark honey yellow, T1 (except horn) and most of T3 yellow. Coxae color: honey yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): honey yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head moderately short and strongly narrowed towards mouth, head appearing short and broad. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: smooth throughout. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate, reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: covered by sinuate, transverse, fine costae. Sculpture of malar space: with fan-like striae, striae not extending into antennal scrobe. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: minute. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: greater than 1.5× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: with sparse punctate sculpture mixed with dense, fine granulae. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: weakly sinuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: only with weakly rugulose sculpture.PageBreakMesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), weakly defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: transversely costate. Netrion: absent, obscured by longitudinal sculpture of lateral pronotum. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately 0.5× length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: granulose, posteriorly with conspicuous smooth areas. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: smooth or nearly so. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: sparsely transversely carinate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: longitudinally costate. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: midtransverse area smooth, otherwise with cristate, longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, short, broad. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, elongate. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: smooth. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: absent. Sculpture of T2: meson and posterior margin smooth, otherwise longitudinally costate. Sculpture of T3: coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, rounded, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.This species can be separated from all other species with an obscured netrion by the subtriangular area below the eyes (seen in anterior view) that narrows towards the mandibles, unsculptured notauli, and non-ornamented occipital carina.Hymenoptera. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.This species is named after our colleague and arachnologist Dr Mark Harvey from the Western Australian Museum, who also manages to collect numerous parasitic 60AUSTRALIA: WA, airport site, PA 5, Perth, 31°58'03"S, 115°58'11"E, 11.XI–6.I.1994, pitfall trap, J. M. Waldock, K. Goodsell & J. Webb, OSUC 237921 (deposited in WAMP). Paratypes: AUSTRALIA: 12 females, OSUC 237917 (OSUC); OSUC 237918–237919, 237922–237929 (WAMP); OSUC 237930 (WINC).Holotype female: The holotype is in good condition except for the right wings which are missing. The paratypes are in good condition except OSUC 237919 which has the metasoma detached and glued to the wings.In some female specimens the color of the mesoscutum varies from completely yellow to almost completely brown. Additionally, the color of the lateral portions of the T1 horn may vary from completely yellow to almost completely light brown.PageBreakValerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:892F4167-310A-425E-B414-C0FE8360761Durn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254268http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_heratyiFemale. Body length: 1.40 – 1.82 mm (n=3). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: head and mesosoma dark brown, T1 almost completely honey yellow, metasoma otherwise brown, lighter in color than head or mesosoma. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: weakly rugulose throughout. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with weak rugulose-aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of malar space: with weak rugulose sculpture mixed with granulate sculpture. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: large. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: less than 0.5× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: with abundant areolate sculpture mixed with dense, fine granulae. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: slightly greater than width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: weakly sinuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: with weak rugulose sculpture and granulate background sculpture.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: largely smooth, dorsal margin with dense, weak punctulae. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: absent. Length of notaulus: not applicable, notauli absent. Width of notaulus: not applicable, notauli absent. Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: weakly rugulose mixed with granulate sculpture. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely, finely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: longitudinally costate. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: smooth.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.PageBreakMetasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, elongate. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally costate on coriaceous background. Sculpture of T3: anterior two-thirds longitudinally costate, otherwise coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: absent.Male. Unknown.This species can be distinguished from the other species from Fiji, all of which lack notauli, by the convex mesosoma, and the short distance between the posterior ocellus and occipital carina (approximately 0.5× the ocellar diameter).This species is named after our friend and colleague Dr John Heraty, from the University of California, Riverside. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.62FIJI: Western Div., Ba Prov., Viti Levu Isl., Eteni, FJ_11a, Navai, 17°37'S, 177°59'E, 700m, 15.V–2.VII.2003, malaise trap, M. Irwin, E. Schlinger & M. Tokota’a, FBA029316 (deposited in BPBM). Paratypes: FIJI: 3 females, FBA014379, FBA041608 (BPBM); OSUC 237934 (CNCI).Holotype female: The holotype and paratypes are in perfect condition.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8D42F907-EA56-4875-91C8-96330AFB3F4Burn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254271http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_heydoniFemale. Body length: 1.69 – 1.98 mm (n=3). Antenna color: completely yellow except distal half of clava slightly darker than remainder of antenna. Body color: mostly yellow, distal half of T1, margins and mesal areas of T2–T3, T4–T6 honey yellow. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.PageBreakHead. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: coriaceous throughout. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with sparse, transverse costae mixed with weak, dense granulae. Sculpture of malar space: granulose throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: large. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: coriaceous. Netrion: present, smooth, well developed, sub-obovate. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: finely granulose. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with weak, fine, granulate sculpture. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: sparsely transversely carinate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across half width. Metapleural sculpture: largely smooth except lower half with longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, elongate. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally costate on coriaceous background. Sculpture of T3: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus heydoni belongs to a group of species that has the occipital carina separated from the orbital carina, a well-defined netrion, a central keel on the frons, and well-defined notauli. Along with Odontacolus cardaleae it is the only species in the group that has a few, broad crenulae across the notauli and the antennal scrobes with transverse sinuate ridges. Odontacolus heydoni can be separated from Odontacolus cardaleae by its large ocelli . Paratypes: THAILAND: 2 females, OSUC 238768 (CNCI); OSUC 268731 (OSUC).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition as are the paratypes except for OSUC 238768 which has the right antenna missing. Some specimens have the body color completely yellow and without darker areas on the metasomal terga.PageBreakValerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FFD246F0-54BE-4DCD-92BD-1C7671D55D35urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254275http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_irwiniFemale. Body length: 1.04 mm (n=1). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: head and mesosoma dark brown, metasoma honey yellow. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: weakly granulose throughout. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, short (less than 1/3 of frons height). Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: granulose throughout. Sculpture of malar space: with weak rugulose sculpture mixed with granulate sculpture. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: normal. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: weakly sinuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: with weak rugulose sculpture and granulate background sculpture.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), weakly defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: largely smooth, dorsal margin with dense, weak punctulae. Netrion: present, smooth, well-developed, not looking linear. Notaulus: absent. Length of notaulus: not applicable, notauli absent. Width of notaulus: not applicable, notauli absent. Sculpture of mesoscutum: finely granulose. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with weak, fine, granulate sculpture. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: longitudinally costate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex subtriangular. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: smooth. Metapleural sculpture: smooth.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.PageBreakMetasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: absent. Sculpture of T2: meson and posterior margin smooth, otherwise longitudinally costate. Sculpture of T3: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: mainly smooth, with sparse, setigerous punctulae. S2 anterior carina: absent.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus veroae by the cicatrose sculpture on the posterior sublateral areas of the mesoscutum, the remainder of the sclerite having dense, weak, granulate sculpture; and the large body size (1.47–1.71 mm). Additionally, within the Fijian group of species, Odontacolus irwini can be separated from Odontacolus heratyi by the wider space between the occipital carina and the ocular carina, and from Odontacolus schlingeri by the convex mesosoma.This species can be distinguished from This species is named after the dipterist Dr Mike Irwin, who collected the type series. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.66FIJI: Western Div., Ba Prov., Viti Levu Isl., Eteni, FJ_11D, Navai, 17°37'S, 177°59'E, 700m, 24.X–8.XI.2003, Malaise trap, M. Irwin, E. Schlinger & M. Tokota’a, FBA021030 (deposited in BPBM). Paratypes: FIJI: 3 females, FBA014433 (BPBM), FBA059072 (FNIC); FBA074688 (OSUC).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition as are the paratypes.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F80D0041-7F6D-47ED-9D3F-80007373DFB8urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254256http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_jacksonaeFemale. Body length: 1.75 – 1.78 mm (n=2). Antenna color: A1 yellow, otherwise dark brown. Body color: completely dark brown. Coxae color: honey yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): legs yellow with hind femora honey yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.PageBreakHead. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: largely smooth ventrally, sparsely granulate ventrally. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with weak rugulose-aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of malar space: with sparse, short fan-like striae, striae not extending into scrobal area, mixed with weak coriaceous sculpture. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: normal. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: contiguous or nearly so, subequal to width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: dorsally punctate, otherwise smooth. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: finely granulose. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: coarsely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex sharply acute. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: weakly, finely coriaceous. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: largely smooth except lower half with longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, elongate. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Lateral carinae on T2: present, poorly defined. Sculpture of T2: finely longitudinally costate, granulate laterally. Sculpture of T3: smooth mesally, area flanking mesal smooth area weakly costate in anterior third, otherwise weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: S3 weakly granulose, S4–S6 weakly, finely coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, interrupted medially.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus jacksonae can be separated from Odontacolus gentingensis by having a reduced lagrimal; in Odontacolus gentingensis the lagrimal is larger and very conspicuous.Within the group of species with a netrion present, the occipital carina almost touching the orbital carina, and having a sculptured gena, Hymenoptera for the BMNH in Cameroon, including this species. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.This species is named after Ms Dorothy Jackson, who collected 68CAMEROON: Nkoemvom, IV-1980–V-1980, D. Jackson, OSUC 238415 (deposited in BMNH). Paratypes:  CAMEROON: 13 females, OSUC 238414, 238416, 238432–238433, 238440–238441, 238443, 321892–321893, 321896(BMNH); OSUC 321898(WINC); OSUC 238420, 238434 (CNCI). GUINEA: 2 females, OSUC 238417 (BMNH); OSUC 238431 (CNCI). MADAGASCAR: 2 females, CASENT 2079143 (CASC); OSUC 229796 (OSUC).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition as are the paratypes.PageBreakValerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EEC2DDAA-3DB7-4427-AF41-30B897C3BA96urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:280211http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus–kiauFemale. Body length: 1.68 mm (n=1). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: completely dark brown. Coxae color: dark brown. Leg color (excluding coxae): honey yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: largely smooth ventrally, dorsally with sinuate, transverse ridges.Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, short (less than 1/3 of frons height). Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with sparse, transverse costae mixed with weak, dense granulae. Sculpture of malar space: weakly rugulose throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: large. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: coriaceous. Netrion: present, smooth, well developed, sub-obovate. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: elevated, anterior margin higher than posterior. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely, finely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: mainly with weak coriaceous sculpture, lower 1/3 without longitudinal costae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.PageBreakMetasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, elongate. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally costate on weak coriaceous background. Sculpture of T3: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: S3 weakly granulose, S4–S6 weakly, finely coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: absent.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus kiau is very similar to Odontacolus whitfieldi, but the former lacks an anterior transverse carina on S2; Odontacolus whitfieldi has this carina complete and cristate. Thesespecies belong to a group that have short, smooth notauli, a well-defined netrion, a central keel on the frons, and the sculpture of the frons always has transverse costae. Additionally, Odontacolus kiau can be separated from Odontacolus mayri by the dark brown coxae and the slightly bulging torular triangle observed on the former; in Odontacolus mayri the coxae are yellow and the torular triangle is flat.Odontacolus. The name is used as a noun in apposition.This species is named after the East New Britain word ‘kiau’ (in Kuanua language) which means ‘egg’, and refers to the stage of the host parasitized by 70PAPUA NEW GUINEA: East New Britain Prov., DPI base camp, Baining Mountains, 04°26.36'S, 151°49.02'E, 28.X–11.XI.1999, flight intercept trap, A. Mararuai & M. Kalamen, OSUC 239159 (deposited in CNCI).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A7EDDF35-0A42-47C0-AB41-14FCA5812BBDurn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:280244http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_lamarckiFemale. Body length: 1.19 mm (n=1). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: head and metasoma honey yellow except for T1 horn which is darker than remainder of metasoma color, mesosoma yellow. Coxae color: whitish yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.PageBreakHead. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: largely smooth ventrally, dorsally with sinuate, transverse ridges. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: completely absent. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: granulose throughout. Sculpture of malar space: granulose throughout. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: normal. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), weakly defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: upper 1/3 granulose, lower 1/3 with transverse foveae, otherwise smooth. Netrion: present, smooth, well developed, sub-obovate. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: longitudinally costate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across half width. Metapleural sculpture: largely smooth except lower half with longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: largely weakly coriaceous mixed with longitudinal costae, meson coriaceous. Sculpture of T3: smooth mesally, otherwise weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus wallacei this is the only other species without a medial facial keel in combination with a well-defined netrion, and the occipital carina being separated from the orbital carina. Odontacolus lamarcki can be separated from Odontacolus wallacei by the short distance between the occipital carina and the lateral ocellus ; in Odontacolus wallacei the distance between the occipital carina and the lateral ocellus is approximately equal to or greater than 1.2×.Along with This species is named after the great French zoologist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.72THAILAND: Phetchabun Prov., mixed deciduous forest, T1398, Khao Kho National Park, 16°39.589'N, 101°08.185'E, 168m, 19.I–26.I.2007, Malaise trap, S. Chachumnan & S. Singtong, OSUC 339597 (deposited in QSBG).Holotype female: The holotype specimen is in good condition.PageBreakKiefferurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E67B7102-8BE1-4519-8509-63FAEF48E40Curn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:4948http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_longicepsOdontacolus longicepsKieffer 1910a: 294 ; Kieffer 1912aFemale. Body length: 1.29 mm (n=1). Antenna color: A1 yellow, otherwise dark brown. Body color: mostly dark brown, head and dorsal mesosoma darker than remainder of body, T1 and anterior margin of T2 yellow. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: smooth throughout. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: completely absent. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: granulose throughout. Sculpture of malar space: granulose throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: normal. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: largely smooth, dorsal margin with dense, weak punctulae. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: coriaceous. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: weakly coriaceous. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: longitudinally costate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex subtriangular. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth; with strong, oblique ridges laterally. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across half width. Metapleural sculpture: largely smooth except lower half with longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.PageBreakMetasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: smooth. Lateral carinae on T2: present, poorly defined. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally costate on coriaceous background. Sculpture of T3: coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: mainly smooth, with sparse, setigerous punctulae. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus with smooth, short notauli and a well-developed netrion by the combination of the completely dark brown body, the nearly smooth posterior portion of the mesoscutum (between the notaulus and tegula), and the nearly smooth posterior 1/3 and mesal region of the mesoscutellum.This species can be easily separated from all other 74SEYCHELLES: Mahé Island, 1908–1909, B.M. TYPE HYM. 9.400 (deposited in BMNH).Holotype female: The holotype is in good condition except that the right hind wing and right antenna are detached from body and glued to the point.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8C05170C-EC87-47C4-8339-FB13F6CAD954urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254269http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_madagascarensisFemale. Body length: 1.25 mm (n=2). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: completely dark brown. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: smooth throughout. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: largely smooth, with sparse coriaceous sculpture close to compound eyes. Sculpture of malar space: largely smooth, coriaceous sculpture present near compound eyes (somewhat weak). Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: small. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: coriaceous. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: slightly greater than width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: coriaceous dorsally, otherwise smooth.PageBreakMesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: largely smooth, dorsal margin with dense, weak punctulae. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: coriaceous. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: weakly coriaceous. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely, finely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex subtriangular. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across half width. Metapleural sculpture: smooth.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, poorly defined. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally costate, posterior margin smooth. Sculpture of T3: anterior third weakly longitudinally costate, otherwise coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: mainly smooth, with sparse, setigerous punctulae. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus species by the combination of the completely smooth gena, the well-defined netrion, the presence of notauli, and the confused, dense rugulose sculpture of the lateral propodeum.This species can be distinguished from all other This species is named after the island from which the species was collected, Madagascar. The epithet is used as an adjective.76MADAGASCAR: Fianarantsoa Auto. Prov., Belle Vue trail, Ranomafana National Park, 21°15.99'S, 47°25.21'E, 1070m, 10.XII–25.XII.1999, Malaise trap, M. E. Irwin, OSUC 238728 (deposited in CASC). Paratype: MADAGASCAR: 1 female, CASENT 2134814 (CASC).Holotype female: The holotype and paratype are in perfect condition.Veenakumariurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:200E9F3D-87EC-49AF-AEB7-7A7981B1277Aurn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254255http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_markadicusPageBreakFemale. Body length: 1.15 – 1.72 mm (n=15). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: head, mesosoma, T1 (except horn), anterior portion of T2 yellow, metasoma otherwise dark brown. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: smooth throughout; weakly coriaceous throughout. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with sparse, transverse costae mixed with weak, dense granulae. Sculpture of malar space: coriaceous throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: normal. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: slightly greater than width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: upper 1/3 granulose, lower 1/3 with transverse foveae, otherwise smooth. Netrion: present, smooth, well developed, sub-obovate. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: distinctly widened; narrow. Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly granulose. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: elevated, anterior margin higher than posterior. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely transversely carinate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across half width. Metapleural sculpture: mainly smooth, lower third sparsely longitudinally carinate.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: finely longitudinally costate, granulate laterally. Sculpture of T3: anterior two-thirds weakly longitudinally costate, posterior third weakly coriaceous mesally, otherwise densely granulose. Sculpture of S3–S6: S3 weakly granulose, S4–S6 weakly, finely coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.PageBreakMale. Body length: 1.45 mm (n=1). Body color: completely yellow. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: with weak coriaceous sculpture except dorsal area with sinuate, transverse carina below anterior ocellus. Shape and size of anterior ocellus: large, oblong. Vertex posterior area sculpture: densely granulate. Occipital carina dorsal area: present, cristate. Netrion: well-defined, suboval. Sculpture of mesepisternum: coriaceous. Sculpture of pronotal lateral areas: with few, straight, fine transvers carinae. Length of fore wing stigmal vein: conspicuously elongate. Angle of stigmal vein in relation to anterior margin of fore wing: at an angle of approximately 45°. Sculpture of T2: with weak longitudinal carinae mixed with weak coriaceous sculpture.Odontacolus bosei and Odontacolus mot. Odontacolus markadicus may be distinguished from Odontacolus bosei bythe yellow body color and the lateral occipital carina which is mainly smooth; in Odontacolus bosei by the body is completely dark brown and the lateral portion of the occipital carina is conspicuously crenulate. In turn, Odontacolus markadicus may be separated from Odontacolus mot by its smaller size (1.74 mm or less vs. 1.92 mm), the different sculpture on the upper frons , and by the even distribution of setae on the metasoma.This species is very similar to 78Not examined: Holotype, female, INDIA: Karnataka: Bengaluru: Gandhi Krishi Vigyan Kendra, 29.xii.2009 at an elevation of 910m  emerged from spider eggs (ICAR); Paratypes: 8 females, data same as holotype ; 1 male Karnataka: Bengaluru: Adugodi, 23.vi. 2011  (ICAR).BRUNEI: 1 female, OSUC 321894 (BMNH). INDIA: 15 females, OSUC 238769–238770, 238772, 239190–239192, 239195–239197, 239199–239201 (CNCI); OSUC 238771, 239198, 239202 (OSUC). MALAYSIA: 3 females, OSUC 238767, 239209, 239213 (CNCI). THAILAND: 7 females, 1 male, OSUC 238803–238805, 239212 (CNCI); OSUC 261831, 261852, 268732(OSUC); OSUC 321806 (WINC). VIETNAM: 2 females, OSUC 239211 (CNCI); OSUC 248896 (ROME).28 females, 1 male: Odontacolus markadicus is based on comparision of the additional material (listed above) with the images and description in We were unable to obtain any of the type series, and so our interpretation of Odontacolus markadicus in every respect.When taking all of the available material into account some variation is evident in the females of this species: the antennal clava can be completely yellow or the distal half of the clava slightly darker, and the vertex and mesoscutum vary from completely yellow to slightly honey yellow in color. In addition, the specimens: OSUC 239209, OSUC 239211– 239213, OSUC 238767, OSUC 238803-238805, OSUC 248896, OSUC 250858, OSUC 261831, OSUC 261852, OSUC 268732, OSUC 321806 and OSUC 321894 differ from the remaining material by having the body completely yellow, but otherwise they match PageBreakValerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:57EEE8E8-ED2D-4881-8D34-9983B683FD93urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:284013http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_mayriFemale. Body length: 1.40 – 1.90 mm (n=14). Antenna color: completely yellow except distal half of clava slightly darker than remainder of antenna. Body color: mainly yellow, T5–T7 slightly darker. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: largely smooth ventrally, dorsally with sinuate, transverse ridges.Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate, reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with sparse, transverse costae mixed with weak, dense granulae. Sculpture of malar space: weakly rugulose throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: large. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: upper 1/3 granulose, lower 1/3 with transverse foveae, otherwise smooth. Netrion: present, smooth, well-developed, not looking linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly granulose. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with weak, fine, granulate sculpture. Mesoscutellar profile: elevated, anterior margin higher than posterior. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely, finely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across half width. Metapleural sculpture: mainly smooth, lower third sparsely longitudinally carinate.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.PageBreakMetasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: largely longitudinally costate, meson smooth, weakly granulate laterally. Sculpture of T3: anterior third weakly costate sublaterally, weakly coriaceous mesally, otherwise granulose. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus mayri can be separated from Odontacolus kiau and Odontacolus whitfieldi by its completely yellow body and the weakly granulose sculpture of the mesoscutum.Thisspecies belongs to a group that has short, smooth notauli, a well-defined netrion, central keel present, and sculptured antennal scrobe always with transverse costae in the background. Within this group Etymology. This species is named after the German biologist Ernst Walter Mayr. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.80THAILAND: Prachuap Khiri Khan Prov., Laem Sala Beach, T3012, Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park, 12°12.234'N, 100°00.767'E, 6.VII–13.VII.2008, Malaise trap, Amnad & Yai, OSUC 321876 (deposited in QSBG). Paratypes:  INDONESIA: 1 female, OSUC 321895 (BMNH). THAILAND: 12 females, OSUC 339596, 339599 (CNCI); OSUC 268733, 321872, 321874, 374179 (OSUC); OSUC 250611, 250857–250858, 250860, 266235(QSBG); OSUC 339595 (WINC).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:08D833F9-97C9-4787-BCCE-D865270E9F5Aurn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:283809http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_motFemale. Body length: 1.92 mm (n=1). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: head, mesosoma, T1 (except horn), anterior portion of T2 yellow, metasoma otherwise dark brown. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.PageBreakHead. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: largely smooth ventrally, dorsally with sinuate, transverse ridges. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate, reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: covered by sinuate, transverse, fine costae. Sculpture of malar space: granulose throughout. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: normal. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: present, well-defined but small . Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: upper 1/3 granulose, lower 1/3 with transverse foveae, otherwise smooth. Netrion: present, smooth, well developed, sub-obovate. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: elevated, anterior margin higher than posterior. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely, finely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across half width. Metapleural sculpture: mainly smooth, lower third sparsely longitudinally carinate.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally costate, posterior margin smooth. Sculpture of T3: anterior two-thirds weakly longitudinally costate, posterior third weakly coriaceous mesally, otherwise densely granulose. Sculpture of S3–S6: S3 weakly granulose, S4–S6 weakly, finely coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus markadicus; however, Odontacolus mot differs from it by the larger body size (1.92 mm vs. 1.74 mm or less), the broader transverse sinuate carinae on the upper frons (in Odontacolus markadicus the sculpturing is completely absent or if present then the carinae are thin and straighter than in Odontacolus mot), and by the denser and less evenly distributed setae on the metasoma. Additionally, T2 in Odontacolus mot is more quadrate, while it is more elongate and less broad posteriorly in Odontacolus markadicus.This species is very similar to The name of this species is an arbitrary combination of letters and is used as a noun in apposition.82INDIA: Tamil Nadu St., Coimbatore, 7.XI.1979, Boucek, OSUC 239205 (deposited in BMNH).Holotype female: PageBreakOdontacolus mot and Odontacolus markadicus could be associated with the difference in body size. However, since Odontacolus mot also differs in metasomal setation and sculpture, we have chosen to treat them as separate species until additional material of Odontacolus mot is available.The holotype is in perfect condition. The differences between Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2323FDC8-52FD-4358-8D00-3ED8A50F7449urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254258http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_noyesiFemale. Body length: 1.54 – 1.83 mm (n=2). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: mostly yellow, T1 horn and T4–T6 dark brown. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.Head. Size of compound eye: reduced, approximately less than or equal to 1/3× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: coriaceous throughout. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with sparse, transverse costae mixed with weak, dense granulae. Sculpture of malar space: coriaceous throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: normal. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: granulose.PageBreakMesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: coriaceous. Netrion: present, smooth, well developed, sub-obovate. Notaulus: present, with crenulae that extend completely through depth of furrow. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: finely granulose. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with weak, fine, granulate sculpture. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely, finely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex subtriangular. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth; longitudinally costate. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: mainly with weak coriaceous sculpture, lower 1/3 without longitudinal costae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Lateral carinae on T2: present, poorly defined. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally costate on coriaceous background. Sculpture of T3: anterior half weakly longitudinally costate, otherwise coriaceous, microsculpture strongest medially. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus that has the compound eyes unusually small, approximately 1/3 of the height of the head.This is the only species of This species is named after our friend and colleague, the chalcid specialist and great insect collector Dr John Noyes from the Natural History Museum, London. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.84INDIA: Karnataka St., Bannerghatta National Park, 5.XI.1979, Bouček & Noyes, OSUC 237932 (deposited in BMNH). Paratype: INDONESIA: 1 female, OSUC 237931 (CNCI).Holotype female: The holotype has the left legs separate and glued to the point. Otherwise it is in good condition. The paratype in perfect condition: it has the metasoma completely honey yellow and the remainder of the body, including the legs, yellow.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E872D1A1-2C3C-4322-B08A-02957BA46B17urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254267http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_pintoiFemale. Body length: 1.06 – 1.25 mm (n=7). Antenna color: antennal clava dark brown, otherwise yellow. Body color: mostly dark brown, T1 (except dark brown horn) and anterior portion of T2 yellow. Coxae color: honey yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: basal half hyaline, otherwise weakly infuscate.PageBreakHead. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: smooth throughout. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: granulose throughout. Sculpture of malar space: largely smooth, with sparse, weak, fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: minute. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: greater than 1.5× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: coriaceous dorsally, otherwise smooth.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: transversely costate. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: coriaceous. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: smooth or nearly so. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: sparsely transversely carinate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex subtriangular. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: smooth.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, short, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, elongate. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: smooth. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: absent. Sculpture of T2: meson and posterior margin smooth, otherwise longitudinally costate. Sculpture of T3: sublaterally weakly longitudinally costate in anterior third, otherwise smooth. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, rounded, uninterrupted.Male. Body length: 1.27 – 1.30 mm (n= 3). Body color: antenna yellow as legs and T1, remainder of metasoma dark brown as dorsal mesosoma as head, remainder of body dark honey yellow. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: with weakly sinuate, fine, weak dorsoventral carinae, except area below anterior ocellus with granulate sculpture. Shape and size of anterior ocellus: minute, very round. Vertex posterior area sculpture: dense granulate sculpture. Occipital carina dorsal area: cristate, conspicuously present. Netrion: well-defined, suboval, broad longitudinal carinae present before netrion. Sculpture of mesepisternum: absent (smooth). Sculpture of pronotal lateral areas: with few, sinuate, transverse carinae. Length of fore wing stigmal vein: conspicuously elongate. Angle of stigmal vein in relation to anterior margin of fore wing: at an angle of approximately 45°. Sculpture of T2: mesal area smooth, remainder of tergum with weak longitudinal carinae.PageBreakOdontacolus pintoi can be distinguished from all other species that have an obscured netrion in combination with the elongate and broad ventral portion of the head (below the eyes in anterior view) (or view)  by the mThis species is named after the trichogrammatid specialist Dr John Pinto, formerly of the University of California, Riverside. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.86Clubiona cycladata Simon (Araneae: Clubionidae) under the bark of eucalypt trees . Paratypes:  AUSTRALIA: 54 females, 4 males, OSUC 239044–239054, 239064–239067, 239069, 239075–239076, 239090, 239097, 239103 (ANIC); OSUC 239085–239088 (BMNH); OSUC 238542, 239072, 239100–239102 (CNCI); OSUC 239099 (OSUC); OSUC 239070–239071, 239073–239074, 239096, 239106–239107, 239109–239115 (QDPC); OSUC 239055–239063, 239092–239095 (WINC). NEW ZEALAND: 8 females, OSUC 239082 (LUNZ); OSUC 239077–239081, 239083–239084 (NZAC). NORFOLK ISLAND: 17 females, OSUC 239031–239042, 239068, 239089, 239104–239105 (ANIC); OSUC 239091 (QDPC). Other material: AUSTRALIA: 1 female, OSUC 239043 (ANIC).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition; the paratypes are for the most part in very good condition except for OSUC 239063 and OSUC 239074 which have the heads detached from body and glued to the point, and OSUC 239046 which is missing the metasoma. Some females have a different color pattern in that the whole body is dark brown with the anterior edge of T1 (except the horn), T2 and the legs yellow.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:016D0F23-8713-48A2-AD18-6C9D83FA1DE4urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254274http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_schlingeriFemale. Body length: 1.47 mm (n=1). Antenna color: completely whitish yellow. Body color: head and mesosoma dark brown, head lighter in color than mesosoma, metasoma mostly whitish yellow, T1 dark honey yellow, T2 light honey yellow anteriorly. Coxae color: whitish yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): whitish yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.PageBreakHead. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: weakly granulose throughout. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, short (less than 1/3 of frons height). Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: granulose throughout. Sculpture of malar space: granulose throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: large. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: slightly greater than width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: weakly sinuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: with weak rugulose sculpture and granulate background sculpture.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: conspicuously flattened. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: largely smooth, dorsal margin with dense, weak punctulae. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: absent. Length of notaulus: not applicable, notauli absent. Width of notaulus: not applicable, notauli absent. Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose, carinae thin in shape. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: rugulose. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: longitudinally costate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: smooth. Metapleural sculpture: smooth.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: smooth. Lateral carinae on T2: absent. Sculpture of T2: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of T3: coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: absent.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus species lacking notauli by the conspicuous dorsoventrally depressed mesosoma.This species can be distinguished from all other This species is named after the dipteran expert Dr Evert Schlinger, collector of this species. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.88FIJI: Central Div., Rewa Prov., Viti Levu Isl., 3.8km N Veisari Settlement, MT2, logging road to Waivudawa, 18.079°S, 178.363°E, 300m, 12.XII–3.I.2003, Malaise trap, Schlinger & Tokota’a, FBA104329 (deposited in BPBM).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition.PageBreakValerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F72B6124-C01B-444F-BC75-43323B09FA8Furn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:275238http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_sharkeyiFemale. Body length: 1.28 – 1.60 mm (n=9). Antenna color: A1 lighter in color than remainder of dark brown antennomeres. Body color: completely dark brown. Coxae color: dark brown. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: largely smooth ventrally, dorsally with sinuate, transverse ridges.Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate, reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with sparse, transverse costae mixed with weak, dense granulae. Sculpture of malar space: with fan-like striae, striae extending into antennal scrobe. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: present. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: large. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: upper 1/3 granulose, lower 1/3 with transverse foveae, otherwise smooth. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: coarsely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across half width. Metapleural sculpture: midtransverse area smooth, otherwise with cristate, longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.PageBreakMetasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: smooth. Lateral carinae on T2: present, poorly defined. Sculpture of T2: largely weakly coriaceous mixed with longitudinal costae, meson coriaceous. Sculpture of T3: anterior third weakly costate sublaterally, weakly coriaceous mesally, otherwise granulose. Sculpture of S3–S6: S3 weakly granulose, S4–S6 weakly, finely coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Unknown.This is the only known species to have a furrow at the lateral areas of the antennal scrobes in combination with a completely dark brown body.This species is named after our friend and colleague, hymenopterist Dr Mike Sharkey from the University of Kentucky. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.90THAILAND: Chanthaburi Prov., Prabad Unit, 120m to bridge, T3957, Khao Khitchakut National Park, 12°49.15'N, 102°07.13'E, 219m, 16.X–23.X.2008, Malaise trap, Sutthida & Charoenchai, OSUC 321869 (deposited in QSBG). Paratypes: THAILAND: 26 females, OSUC 339587 (CNCI); OSUC 339588, 339590–339592, 339598, 339600–339601, 339604–339605, 339607, 374180 (OSUC); OSUC 247710, 250612, 251977, 261748, 321867–321868, 321870–321871, 321873, 321887, 339577, 339579, 339586 (QSBG); OSUC 336787 (WINC).Holotype female: The holotype is in perfect condition except for the left antenna which is detached from the body but glued to the point; the paratype specimens are in good condition.(Dodd)urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:87C08D6D-E3EC-4FB0-B3B6-EB60BC0CC15Aurn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:4951http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_spinosusCeratobaeoides spinosusDodd 1914bOdontacolus spinosusCeratobaeoides longicepsDodd 1913: 338 ; Dodd 1914aOdontacolus spinosus urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:91260D13-006C-4F64-B6EF-15C984A4EB1FOdontacolus spinosus urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:9360Odontacolus doddiSyn. n.Odontacolus spinosus urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E815E65F-BD05-4045-BEF3-4FFF3445D1CDOdontacolus spinosus urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:4946PageBreakFemale. Body length: 1.09 – 1.63 mm (n=20). Antenna color: antennal clava dark brown, otherwise yellow; distal 2/3 of antennal clava dark brown, otherwise yellow. Body color: mainly yellow, except for occiput, mesoscutum midanterior and lateral areas and mesepisternum lower area dark brown, T1 horn black, and T4–T6 honey yellow. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: completely hyaline.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: weakly rugulose throughout. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with sparse, transverse costae mixed with weak, dense granulae. Sculpture of malar space: weakly rugulose throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: small. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: coriaceous. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: weakly rugulose mixed with granulate sculpture. Mesoscutellar profile: elevated, anterior margin higher than posterior. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely, finely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: rugulose throughout. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: weakly, finely coriaceous. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: sparsely longitudinally costate.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally costate on coriaceous background. Sculpture of T3: anterior half weakly, longitudinally costate, coriaceous mesally, otherwise weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.PageBreakMale. Unknown.Odontacolus spinosus can be separated from all other Australian Odontacolus species by the short and unsculptured notauli in combination with a well-defined netrion, central keel present on the frons, sculptured antennal scrobes, small lateral ocelli, and the long distance between the lateral ocellus and the occipital carina, approximately 1.2× the ocellus diameter.92Ceratobaeoides longiceps: AUSTRALIA: QLD, among undergrowth, Brisbane, 26.IV.1913, H. Hacker, QMBA HY1631 (deposited in QMBA). Holotype female, Ceratobaeoides spinosus: AUSTRALIA: QLD, forest, Childers, 2.VII.1914, sweeping, A. P. Dodd, SAMA DB 32-001530 (deposited in SAMA). Other material: AUSTRALIA: 31 females, OSUC 239167, 239173, 239180, 239182 (ANIC); OSUC 239153, 239165–239166, 239174, 239177, 239184, 339575 (CNCI); OSUC 239188 (OSUC); OSUC 238011, 239015, 239154, 239164, 239168–239172, 239175–239176, 239179, 239183, 239185–239186 (QDPC); OSUC 239017 (QMBA); UCRC ENT 171076–171077 (UCRC); OSUC 239189 (WINC).Holotype female, Odontacolus spinosus has the head and most of the wings detached from the body; the head and first pair of legs are glued to the point; the remainder of the legs has the distal tarsomeres missing. The holotype of Odontacolus doddi is slide mounted and the specimen was partly destroyed in the process.The holotype of The following color variations occur in this species: the body ranges from yellow with the tips of the propodeal spines and T1 horn dark brown to mostly dark brown with the posterior area of the mesoscutum and mesoscutellum light yellow. The occipital carina of the specimens OSUC 239180 and OSUC 239173 is present but very fine which renders it difficult to see; in all other specimens it is well developed. The sculpture also varies between the anterior propodeal spines, from being completely smooth to completely punctate in some specimens with darker color . The sculpture of the mesal portion of T2 varies from in the development of the costae. In any case there is always coriaceous background sculpture.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8C19EABF-FCA1-498D-989C-6E918DB53408urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254273http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_veroaeFemale. Body length: 1.47 – 1.71 mm (n=3). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: completely dark brown. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.PageBreakHead. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: weakly granulose throughout. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: granulose throughout. Sculpture of malar space: granulose throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: large. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: contiguous or nearly so, subequal to width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: uncertain, with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: granulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: largely smooth, dorsal margin with dense, weak punctulae. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: absent. Length of notaulus: not applicable, notauli absent. Width of notaulus: not applicable, notauli absent. Sculpture of mesoscutum: rugulose, mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely, finely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex subtriangular. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: mainly with weak coriaceous sculpture, lower 1/3 without longitudinal costae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: smooth. Lateral carinae on T2: absent. Sculpture of T2: largely weakly coriaceous mixed with longitudinal costae, meson coriaceous. Sculpture of T3: coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: absent.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus veroae is very similar to Odontacolus irwini but can be distinguished from it by the cicatrose sculpture of the posterior sublateral portions of the mesoscutum, the remainder of the mesoscutum having dense, weak, granulate sculpture; and the large body size (1.47–1.71 mm) of Odontacolus irwini. Additionally, within the Fijian species, Odontacolus irwini can be separated from Odontacolus heratyi by the larger space between the occipital carina and the ocular carina, and from Odontacolus schlingeri by the convex mesosoma.The species This species is named after Veronica Valerio, sister of the first author. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.PageBreak94FIJI: Northern Div., Cakaudrove Prov., Taveuni Isl., FJ-9, Devo Forest Reserve, 16°50'S, 179°59'E, 800m, 3.I–10.I.2003, malaise trap, M. Irwin, E. Schlinger & M. Tokota’a, FBA042201 (deposited in BPBM). Paratypes: FIJI: 13 females, FBA030104, FBA030106, FBA030114, FBA081512, FBA081515, FBA084170 (BPBM); FBA021043, FBA039550, FBA049221 (CNCI); FBA014430, FBA104362 (FNIC); FBA081513, FBA182160 (OSUC).Holotype female: The holotype has all but one leg missing, but otherwise is in perfect condition; the paratypes are in good condition. The color of the metasoma varies from completely dark brown (matching the color of the head and mesosoma) to being conspicuously lighter than the head and mesosoma. The color of the antenna may vary from yellow to brown.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:122C0426-04B2-4079-87AB-A532A6C126ECurn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254261http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_wallaceiFemale. Body length: 1.01 – 1.64 mm (n=9). Antenna color: A1 yellow, otherwise dark brown. Body color: head and mesosoma yellow, metasoma honey yellow with T1 horn dark brown, T3 whitish yellow, T4–T6 darker in color than T1–T2. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: weakly coriaceous throughout. Surface of torular triangle: flat. Development of central keel on frons: completely absent. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: coriaceous throughout. Sculpture of malar space: coriaceous throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: minute. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: greater than 1.5× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: granulose.PageBreakMesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: largely smooth, dorsal margin with dense, weak punctulae. Netrion: present, smooth, well developed, sub-obovate. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: finely granulose. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: with weak, fine, granulate sculpture. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: sparsely transversely carinate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: with sparse, broad, smooth costate sculpture reaching just half of its width. Metapleural sculpture: mainly with weak coriaceous sculpture, lower 1/3 with sparse longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, elongate. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Lateral carinae on T2: present, poorly defined. Sculpture of T2: anterior 2/3 longitudinally costate, otherwise coriaceous. Sculpture of T3: coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, interrupted medially.Male. Body length: 1.53 mm (n=1). Body color: yellow except anteromedian area of mesoscutum trough anterior 2/3 of its length honey-yellow. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: mainly smooth medially throughout height, remainder with coriaceous sculpture. Shape and size of anterior ocellus: large, round. Vertex posterior area sculpture: densely granulose. Occipital carina dorsal area: cristate, conspicuously present. Netrion: well-defined, suboval. Sculpture of mesepisternum: absent (smooth). Sculpture of pronotal lateral areas: with dense, thin longitudinal carinae. Length of fore wing stigmal vein: conspicuously elongate. Angle of stigmal vein in relation to anterior margin of fore wing: at an angle of approximately 45° with respect to anterior margin of wing. Sculpture of T2: mesal area with weak, longitudinal carinae, sublateral areas with weak longitudinal carinae mixed with coriaceous sculpture.Odontacolus lamarcki this is the only other species without a central keel on the frons in combination with a well-defined netrion, and the occipital carina being separated from orbital carina. The species Odontacolus wallacei has the occipital carina separated from the lateral ocellus by approximately equal to or greater than 1.2× which contrasts with the much shorter distance present on Odontacolus lamarcki .Along with This species is named after the great English naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace: long live his legacy! The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.96INDONESIA: Sulawesi Utara Prov., Kotamobagu, 1300m, V-1985, Malaise trap, J. S. Noyes, OSUC 238001 (deposited in BMNH). PageBreakParatypes:  AUSTRALIA: 11 females, OSUC 239018–239022 (ANIC); OSUC 239023 (CNCI); OSUC 239014 (QDPC); OSUC 239016 (QMBA); OSUC 239024–239026 (WINC). INDONESIA: 8 females, OSUC 238002, 238006, 238012 (CNCI); OSUC 148683–148684, 238003–238005 (WINC). MALAWI: 1 male, OSUC 238013 (BMNH). PAPUA NEW GUINEA: 8 females, OSUC 238007–238010, 239027, 239030 (CNCI); OSUC 239028–239029 (OSUC).Holotype female: The holotype generally is in good condition: the left front and hind legs are glued to the point, and the right hind leg is covered in glue. The metasomal color pattern varies between specimens from almost completely yellow (i.e. OSUC 238004) to being mostly honey yellow with whitish areas on T3 and dark brown T4–T6 (i.e. OSUC 238001). In some specimens (i.e. OSUC 239020) the upper area of the T1 horn is dark brown with the remainder of the metasoma yellow, and the mesoscutum  being a honey yellow color mesally.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A81CB2CA-F023-4392-AB4E-81C6BA9BB7B6urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:278397http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_whitfieldiFemale. Body length: 1.35 – 1.97 mm (n=9). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: completely dark brown. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head elongate and broad at mouth, head appearing elongate and somewhat thin. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: largely smooth ventrally, dorsally with sinuate, transverse ridges.Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: with sparse, transverse costae mixed with weak, dense granulae. Sculpture of malar space: weakly rugulose throughout, without fan-like striae. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: normal. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: granulate. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina; slightly greater than width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weak, small granulae. Sculpture of gena: granulose.PageBreakMesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: coriaceous. Netrion: present, smooth, well developed, sub-obovate. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose mixed with weak granulae. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: elevated, anterior margin higher than posterior. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. propodeal area: densely, finely rugulose. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: smooth or nearly so. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: with sparse, broad, smooth costate sculpture reaching just half of its width. Metapleural sculpture: largely smooth except lower half with longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: broad, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: largely smooth, with sparse longitudinal carinae. Lateral carinae on T2: present, well-defined. Sculpture of T2: longitudinally costate on coriaceous background. Sculpture of T3: anterior third weakly longitudinally costate, otherwise coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: S3 weakly granulose, S4–S6 weakly, finely coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, cristate, uninterrupted.Male. Body length: 1.29 – 1.37 mm (n=5). Body color: antenna yellow as legs, head, mesoscutum, mesoscutellum and metasoma dark brown, remainder of body light honey-yellow. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: lower mesal area smooth, remainder with weak coriaceous sculpture mixed with somewhat sinuate carinae , except area below anterior ocellus with granulose sculpture. Shape and size of anterior ocellus: small, round. Vertex posterior area sculpture: with dense, small granulae. Occipital carina dorsal area: cristate, conspicuously present. Netrion: well-defined, suboval. Sculpture of mesepisternum: with few, thin, transverse carinae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral areas: with few, thin transverse carinae, otherwise mainly smooth. Length of fore wing stigmal vein: conspicuously elongate. Angle of stigmal vein in relation to anterior margin of fore wing: at an angle of approximately 45°. Sculpture of T2: mostly smooth, lateral areas with few sparse longitudinal carinae.Odontacolus whitfieldi is very similar to Odontacolus kiau but the former has a complete S2 anterior carina; Odontacolus kiau lacks this carina. Thesespecies belong to a group that have short and smooth notauli, a well-defined netrion, a central keel present on the frons and sculptured antennal scrobes always with transverse costae; within this group Odontacolus mayri can be separated from Odontacolus whitfieldi and Odontacolus kiau by its completely yellow body and the weakly granulose sculpture of the mesoscutum.This species is named after our friend and colleague, the microgastrine systematist Dr Jim Whitfield at the University of Illinois. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.98INDONESIA: Sulawesi Utara Prov., Toraut, forest edge, Bogani Nani Wartabone (Dumoga-Bone) National Park, 15.VI–20.VI.1985, Malaise trap, OSUC 239160 (deposited in CNCI). PageBreakParatypes:  CHINA: 13 females, 5 males, UCRC ENT 171075, 171078–171094 (UCRC). INDIA: 3 females, OSUC 321899 (BMNH); OSUC 238793, 238806 (CNCI). INDONESIA: 3 females, OSUC 238423, 238426, 239181 (CNCI). MALAYSIA: 5 females, OSUC 239157, 239162, 239178 (CNCI); OSUC 239187 (OSUC); OSUC 239161 (WINC). THAILAND: 18 females, OSUC 239156 (BMNH); OSUC 261747 (CNCI); OSUC 250856, 261746, 266234, 280625 (OSUC); OSUC 239163, 247709, 250610, 250859, 321866, 321875, 339578, 339580, 339584–339585, 339593, 339602 (QSBG). VIETNAM: 1 female, OSUC 278520 (RMNH).Holotype female: Holotype specimen is in perfect condition. Most of paratype specimens are in good condition.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:182717E1-B89D-494B-9708-7056A17AA949urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:254266http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus_zborowskiiFemale. Body length: 1.45 – 1.52 mm (n=6). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: mostly yellow, mesopleuron, metapleuron and posterior area of T1–T3 dark brown. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: largely hyaline, with transverse infumate band below stigma vein.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head moderately short and strongly narrowed towards mouth, head appearing short and broad. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: with weak, sinuate, transverse ridges throughout. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, short (less than 1/3 of frons height); present, elongate, reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: covered by sinuate, transverse, fine costae. Sculpture of malar space: with fan-like striae, striae not extending into antennal scrobe. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: small. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: greater than 1.5× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: with sinuate, transverse, fine ridges. Sculpture of occipital carina: largely simple, at most with sparse weak crenulae medially. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: at least 2× width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: weakly sinuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with dense, fine transverse costae across its width. Sculpture of gena: with sinuate dorsoventral costae.PageBreakMesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal cervical area: with small (at most as large as crenulae on anterior edge of mesoscutum), well-defined foveae. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: transversely costate. Netrion: absent, obscured by longitudinal sculpture of lateral pronotum. Notaulus: present, with low crenulae that do not extend through depth of furrow. Length of notaulus: approximately equal to or greater than 2/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: distinctly widened . Sculpture of mesoscutum: weakly rugulose, carinae somewhat broad in shape. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: anterior 1/3 with weak granulae, otherwise with rugulae. Mesoscutellar profile: elevated, anterior margin higher than posterior. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: densely transversely carinate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: elongate, narrow, apex rounded. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: longitudinally costate. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: longitudinally costate. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: midtransverse area smooth, otherwise with cristate, longitudinal carinae.Wings. Stigmal vein: present, short, broad. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, elongate. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Lateral carinae on T2: absent. Sculpture of T2: anterior fourth longitudinally costate, otherwise smooth. Sculpture of T3: weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: finely, weakly coriaceous. S2 anterior carina: present, rounded, uninterrupted.Male. Body length: 1.39 – 1.58 mm (n= 3). Body color: antenna light yellow as metasoma and legs, head honey-yellow; mesosoma dark brown; fore wing with a conspicuous dark band just before stigmal vein, remainder of fore wing lightly infuscate. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: lower, mesal area smooth, remainder of scrobe with weak coriaceous sculpture. Shape and size of anterior ocellus: small, very circular in shape. Vertex posterior area sculpture: with dense, setigerous punctulate sculpture. Occipital carina at dorsal area: present, not conspicuously present. Netrion: practically absent by presence of longitudinal carinae on pronotal lateral areas. Sculpture of mesepisternum; absent (smooth). Sculpture of pronotal lateral areas: with dense, fine, sinuate, transverse carinae. Length of fore wing stigmal vein: short. Angle of stigmal vein in relation to anterior margin of fore wing: at an angle of approximately 45° with respect to anterior margin of wings. Sculpture of T2: mainly smooth except lateral areas with few, sparse, weak carinae.Odontacolus species with an obscured netrion by the well-defined and wide notauli with clearly defined large crenulae throughout, the broad rugulose sculpture on frons and mesoscutum, and the yellow body color.This species can be separated from all This species is named after the Australian entomologist and invertebrate photographer Paul Zborowski. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.100AUSTRALIA: QLD, Heathlands, 11°45'S, 142°35'E, 25.VII–18.VIII.1992, Malaise trap, P. Zborowski & J. Cardale, OSUC 237939 (deposited in ANIC). Paratypes: AUSTRALIA: 57 females, 3 males, OSUC 237938, 237940–237943, 237945–237948, 237950–237956, 237958–237973, 237976–237998, 238424 (ANIC); OSUC 237949, 237957, 237975 (OSUC); OSUC 237944 (WINC).Holotype female: PageBreakThe holotype is in perfect condition as are the paratypes. In some specimens (e.g. OSUC 237956) the area between the propodeal anterior spines has some dark honey yellow color instead of the typical yellow.Valerio & Austinsp. n.urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1347681A-D163-4666-BB0C-4F223B654C6Durn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:302168http://species-id.net/wiki/Odontacolus zimiFemale. Body length: 1.49 mm (n=1). Antenna color: completely yellow. Body color: head and mesosoma dark brown, head darker than mesosoma, metasoma light honey yellow. Coxae color: yellow. Leg color (excluding coxae): yellow. Fore wing color: slightly infuscate throughout.Head. Size of compound eye: approximately 1/2× height of head. Head shape in lateral view: lower head moderately short and strongly narrowed towards mouth, head appearing short and broad. Sculpture of antennal scrobe: smooth throughout. Surface of torular triangle: slightly bulging. Development of central keel on frons: present, elongate , but not reaching anterior ocellus. Sculpture on upper frons below anterior ocellus: coriaceous throughout. Sculpture of malar space: with fan-like striae, striae not extending into antennal scrobe. Furrow at lateral portion of antennal scrobe: absent. Mesal surface of vertex: flat to weakly convex. Size of lateral ocelli: minute. Distance between lateral ocellus and occipital carina: 0.5–1.2× maximum ocellar diameter. Lagrimal: absent or minute. Length of OOL: less than or equal to 1/3× width of ocellus. Sculpture of vertex: coriaceous. Sculpture of occipital carina: weakly crenulate throughout. Distance from occipital carina to orbital carina: contiguous or nearly so, subequal to width of occipital carina. Shape of occipital carina: simply arcuate medially. Sculpture of occiput: with weakly rugulo aciculate sculpture. Sculpture of gena: coriaceous dorsally, otherwise weakly rugulose.Mesosoma. Dorsal mesosoma in lateral view: convex. Sculpture of pronotal lateral area: dorsal 2/3 punctate, otherwise smooth. Netrion: present, smooth, linear. Notaulus: present, simple. Length of `notaulus: approximately less than or equal to 1/3 of length of mesoscutum. Width of notaulus: narrow . Sculpture of mesoscutum: anterior half coriaceous, otherwise densely granulose. Sculpture of mesoscutellum: granulose. Mesoscutellar profile: mainly flat, anterior and posterior edge at same height or nearly so. Mesoscutellar shape: flat, not depressed. Lateral propodeal area: sparsely transversely carinate. Shape of propodeal anterior spine: short, broad, apex subtriangular. Sculpture of propodeum between anterior spines: smooth or largely smooth. Sculpture of ventral half of mesepisternum: longitudinally costate. Sculpture of upper 1/4 of mesopleuron: densely longitudinally costate across entire width. Metapleural sculpture: smooth.PageBreakWings. Stigmal vein: present, elongate, narrow. Campaniform sensilla at distal area of stigmal vein: present.Metasoma. Shape of T1 horn: narrow, short. Sculpture of upper portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Sculpture of posterior portion of T1 horn: longitudinally carinate. Lateral carinae on T2: present, poorly defined. Sculpture of T2: finely costate, nearly smooth laterally. Sculpture of T3: smooth mesally, otherwise weakly coriaceous. Sculpture of S3–S6: S3 weakly coriaceous, S4–S6 mainly smooth with few, sparse, setigerous punctulae sculpture. S2 anterior carina: absent.Male. Unknown.Odontacolus jacksonae, but the body of this species is completely dark brown in contrast with the honey yellow metasoma and dark brown head and mesosoma of Odontacolus zimi.This species can be separated from all the species which have the occipital carina almost touching the orbital carina by the absence of the S2 anterior carina, the posterior medial area of the mesoscutellum not depressed, and the complete absence of the lagrimal. The closest species is Odontacolus oviposit. The epithet is a noun in the genitive case.This species is named after the anime character ‘Invader Zim’, in reference to the invasion of the spider egg sacs that occurs when 102MADAGASCAR: Prov. Antsiranana, Sakalava Beach, dwarf littoral for., 10m, 15.ii–6.iii.2001 Malaise, across sandy trail, R. Harin’Hala coll. MA-01-048-03, 12°15'46"S, 49°23'51"E; CASENT 2136841 (CASC).Holotype female: Comments. The holotype is in perfect condition.PageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreakPageBreak