Escherichia coli makes this an increasingly unsuitable option. Tebipenem (TBP) is an orally bioavailable carbapenem administered as a pro-drug (tebipenem pivoxil hydrobromide) with broad-spectrum activity that is currently in development for the treatment of patients with complicated UTI. Herein we describe a series of 7-day hollow-fiber in vitro infection model (HFIM) assays designed to evaluate the potential of PO TBP as step-down therapy from IV ertapenem (ETP).Intravenous (IV) to oral (PO) antibiotic step-down therapy has many benefits including reducing the length of hospital stay and lowering the risk of nosocomial infections and overall cost. While fluoroquinolones have been utilized as a step-down therapy for urinary tract infections (UTI) for some time, increases in fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli isolates, selected based upon ETP and TBP MIC values and known resistance profiles, were evaluated at an initial burden of 107 CFU/mL. HFIM, ETP and TBP free-drug concentration-time profiles were simulated in the HFIM to represent those following IV and PO dosing, respectively. Each isolate was challenged in duplicate by ETP administered every 24 hours (q24h) for 1, 3 or 7 days of therapy. TBP 600 mg every 8 hours was simulated as a step-down therapy following either 1 or 3 days of ETP treatment as well as a 7-day monotherapy regimen. All active regimens were compared to a no-treatment control as well as ETP 1g q24h for 1 or 3 days followed by a halting of therapy. Samples were collected for enumeration of bacterial populations and observation of simulated PK profiles throughout.A panel of ESBL+ clinical 10 CFU/mL. ETP 1g q24h monotherapy successfully reduced bacterial burdens to below levels of detection over the 7-day period but was followed by regrowth matching that in the no-treatment control when treatment was halted on Days 1 and 3. Similar to ETP, TBP successfully reduced bacterial burdens as a 7-day monotherapy and following 1 and 3 days of IV ETP by preventing growth throughout the remainder of the study.Bacteria grew well in the no-treatment control group, reaching densities > 10These data demonstrate the potential utility of TBP as oral step-down from IV ETP therapy and the need for evaluation as a step-down from other IV therapeutics. Brian D. VanScoy, B.S., 3-V Biosciences (Grant/Research Support)Achogen (Grant/Research Support)Amplyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Arixa Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Arsanis Inc. (Grant/Research Support)B. Braun Medical Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Basilea Pharmaceutica (Grant/Research Support)BLC USA (Grant/Research Support)Boston Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Bravos Biosciences, LLC (Grant/Research Support)Cidara Therapeutics Inc. 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Experimental & Molecular MedicineCorrection to: 10.1038/s12276-019-0351-y published online 06 December 2019After online publication of this article, the authors noticed an error in the Acknowledgments section.The correct statement in this article should have read as follows.“The biospecimens for this study were provided by the Samsung Medical Center BioBank. This research was supported by grants from the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (HI14C3418); the National Research Foundation funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (MSIP) of Korea (NRF-2015M3C9A1044522 and NRF-2018R1C1B3001648); and the intramural research fund of Ajou University Medical Center (2018).”The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused.


The following information is missing from the Funding statement: DD acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness through the R&D&i State Program; Ref. CSO2017-89721-R).


OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The modified Atkins diet (MAD) is used in the management of drug-resistant epilepsy in adults. Some patients on MAD show an increase in serum levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. We explored whether dietary fat composition predicts short-term elevations in serum lipid levels in diet-naïve adults who begin MAD. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Participants self-reported their diet intake with 3-day food records at baseline, 1 month and 2 months. Food records were analyzed using Nutrition Data System for Research software. Fasting serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides were also collected and LDL level calculated at baseline, 1 month, and 2 months. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: 38 patients submitted complete food records at each study visit . Compared to baseline diet intake, there was a significant reduction in daily carbohydrate intake at 1 and 2 months months (p<0.001). There was also a significant increase in daily saturated fatty acid (SFA) intake at 1 and 2 months (p<0.001), daily mono-unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) intake at 1 and 2 months (p<0.001), and daily cholesterol intake at 1 month (p<0.05) and 2 months (p<0.001), but no change in daily poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake over time. Compared to baseline, there was a significant increase in serum LDL at 1 month (p<0.001) and 2 months (p<0.01) and an increase in serum TC at 1 month (p<0.01) but not 2 months. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT : Despite a significant increase in total fat, saturated fat and mono-unsaturated fat intake as well as an increase in total cholesterol and LDL levels following MAD initiation, dietary fat composition appears to minimally predict serum lipid values in the short term. CONFLICT OF INTEREST DESCRIPTION: Tanya McDonald has received speaking honoraria from Nutricia North America. Bobbie Henry-Barron receives grants from Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR) which is funded in part by Grant Number UL1 TR 001079 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research, Nutricia and Vitaflo. Diane Vizthum receives grants from the Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR) which is funded in part by Grant Number UL1 TR 001079 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. Mackenzie C. Cervenka has received grant support from Nutricia North America, Vitaflo, Army Research Laboratory, The William and Ella Owens Medical Research Foundation and BrightFocus Foundation. She receives speaking honoraria from LivaNova, Epigenix, Nutricia North America and the Glut1 Deficiency Foundation and performs consulting with Nutricia North America and Sage Therapeutics and receives Royalties from Demos Health.


E. coli (EC) causing UTI in U.S. patients and the activity of TBP and comparators against various subsets.Tebipenem (TBP) is an oral carbapenem in clinical development for treating complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs), including pyelonephritis. This study investigates the epidemiology of A total of 2,395 EC recovered from urine samples during the 2018-2020 STEWARD Surveillance Program were included. Isolates were collected from medical centers in all 9 US Census Regions and centrally tested by reference broth microdilution method. MIC interpretation was based on CLSI criteria. Isolates that met MIC criteria were subjected to genome sequencing, followed by screening of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes and epidemiology typing (MLST).blaCTX-M and 2/360 (0.6%) had blaSHV-12. blaCMY  was the most common cephalosporinase, followed by blaDHA . A CRE phenotype was noted in 1 isolate from New York, which carried blaKPC-2. Acquired genes were not detected in 56 strains. 50 ST types were noted in isolates that met the ESBL criteria screening, with the majority of isolates being ST131 (56.2%). 21 (6.7%) and 19 (6.0%) isolates belonged to ST38 and ST1193, respectively, followed by STs represented by 8 or less isolates. Among ST131, 56.5% carried blaCTX-M from group 1 and 35.6% had genes associated with group 9. Overall, TBP showed consistent MIC50 values throughout the subsets. ERT had activity (≥97.0% susceptible) against the various subsets; however, lower susceptibility rates (85.7-90.6%) were noted against isolates carrying plasmid AmpC. Other agents (ceftriaxone and cefazolin) had activity only against non-ESBL producers.A total of 16.1%, 15.4% and 14.6% of EC met the ESBL screening criteria in 2018, 2019 and 2020, respectively. 269/360 (74.7%) carried blaCTX-M comprised the majority of acquired genes detected among ESBL strains, which belonged mostly to ST131, emphasizing the expansion of this clone. TBP showed consistent activity against all subsets, regardless of resistance genotype or lineage. These data support the clinical development of TBP as a convenient oral treatment option for UTI caused by EC.Rodrigo E. Mendes, PhD, AbbVie (Research Grant or Support)AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)ContraFect Corporation (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Nabriva Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Timothy B. Doyle, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Bravos Biosciences (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Ian A. Critchley, Ph.D., Spero Therapeutics  Nicole Cotroneo, Spero Therapeutics  Jennifer M. Streit, BS, GlaxoSmithKline, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Bravos Biosciences (Research Grant or Support)Cidara Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Qpex Biopharma (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, Affinity Biosensors  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Allergan  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amicrobe, Inc  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amplyx Pharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Artugen Therapeutics USA, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Astellas  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Basilea  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BIDMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; bioMerieux Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BioVersys Ag  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Bugworks  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cidara  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cipla  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Contrafect  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cormedix  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Crestone, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Curza  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; CXC7  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Entasis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fedora Pharmaceutical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fimbrion Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fox Chase  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; GlaxoSmithKline  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Guardian Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Hardy Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; IHMA  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Janssen Research & Development  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Johnson & Johnson  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Kaleido Biosceinces  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; KBP Biosciences  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Luminex  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Matrivax  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Mayo Clinic  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Medpace  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Melinta  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Menarini  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Merck  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meridian Bioscience Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Micromyx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; MicuRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; N8 Medical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Nabriva  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National Institutes of Health  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National University of Singapore  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; North Bristol NHS Trust  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Novome Biotechnologies  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Paratek  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Pfizer  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Prokaryotics Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; QPEX Biopharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Rhode Island Hospital  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; RIHML  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roche  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roivant  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Salvat  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Scynexis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SeLux Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Shionogi  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Specific Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Spero  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SuperTrans Medical LT  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; T2 Biosystems  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; The University of Queensland  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Thermo Fisher Scientific  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Tufts Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Universite de Sherbrooke  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Wisconsin  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UNT System College of Pharmacy  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; URMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UT Southwestern  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; VenatoRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Viosera Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Wayne State University  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support


Enterobacterales isolates have increased and remain elevated in many US hospitals. Aminoglycoside (AMG) resistance often co-exist with resistance to other classes of antibiotics. A newer aminoglycoside, plazomicin, was evaluated against a large collection of MDR Enterobacterales clinical isolates from US hospitals.Multidrug-resistant (MDR) A total of 456 MDR isolates (1/patient) were collected from 32 US medical centers located in 23 states in 2018-2020 and susceptibility tested by broth microdilution method at a central laboratory. MDR was defined as nonsusceptible (NS) to ≥3 antimicrobial classes and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) as susceptible (S) to ≤2 classes. Isolates resistant to aminoglycosides and/or broad-spectrum cephalosporins were screened for aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AME), 16S rRNA methyltransferases, and β-lactamases by whole genome sequencing. 50/90, 0.5/1 mg/L) and showed MIC values 8- to 16-fold lower than amikacin . AMK S rates were 84.6% and 69.3% when EUCAST (≤8 mg/L) and USCAST (≤4 mg/L) breakpoints were applied, respectively. Among agents from other classes, S rates were 85.5% for meropenem, 88.4% for tigecycline, 49.3% for piperacillin-tazobactam, and 17.8% for cefepime; only the carbapenems and tigecycline were active against >50% of MDR isolates. PLZ retained activity against isolates NS to AMK (83.9%S), gentamicin , and/or tobramycin . PLZ showed markedly higher S rates than AMK against XDR (93.3% vs. 71.7%), AME producers (97.6% vs. 90.2%), and carbapenemase (CPE) producers (98.1% vs. 67.9%). PLZ was active against 99.0% of ESBL producers, while AMK S rates were 96.2%/87.0% as per the US FDA/EUCAST against these organisms. PLZ and AMK showed similar S rates when tested against GEN-NS isolates. GEN and TOB exhibited limited activity against MDR and all resistant subsets. PLZ inhibited 93.0% of the MDR isolates  (Research Grant or Support)Cidara Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support) Jaideep Gogtay, n/a, Cipla Therapeutics (Employee)Cipla USA Inc. (Employee) Cheung Yee, MSc, PhD, Cipla Therapeutics (Employee) Sandhya Das, n/a, Cipla Therapeutics (Employee) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Bravos Biosciences (Research Grant or Support)Cidara Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Qpex Biopharma (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, Affinity Biosensors  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Allergan  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amicrobe, Inc  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amplyx Pharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Artugen Therapeutics USA, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Astellas  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Basilea  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BIDMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; bioMerieux Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BioVersys Ag  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Bugworks  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cidara  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cipla  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Contrafect  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cormedix  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Crestone, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Curza  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; CXC7  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Entasis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fedora Pharmaceutical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fimbrion Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fox Chase  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; GlaxoSmithKline  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Guardian Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Hardy Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; IHMA  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Janssen Research & Development  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Johnson & Johnson  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Kaleido Biosceinces  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; KBP Biosciences  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Luminex  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Matrivax  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Mayo Clinic  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Medpace  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Melinta  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Menarini  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Merck  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meridian Bioscience Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Micromyx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; MicuRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; N8 Medical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Nabriva  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National Institutes of Health  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National University of Singapore  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; North Bristol NHS Trust  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Novome Biotechnologies  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Paratek  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Pfizer  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Prokaryotics Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; QPEX Biopharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Rhode Island Hospital  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; RIHML  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roche  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roivant  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Salvat  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Scynexis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SeLux Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Shionogi  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Specific Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Spero  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SuperTrans Medical LT  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; T2 Biosystems  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; The University of Queensland  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Thermo Fisher Scientific  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Tufts Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Universite de Sherbrooke  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Wisconsin  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UNT System College of Pharmacy  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; URMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UT Southwestern  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; VenatoRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Viosera Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Wayne State University  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support Rodrigo E. Mendes, PhD, AbbVie (Research Grant or Support)AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)ContraFect Corporation (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Nabriva Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Helio S. Sader, MD, PhD, FIDSA, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Basilea Pharmaceutica International, Ltd. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Department of Health and Human Services Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Nabriva Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)


Bone and joint infections (BJI) comprise a series of disorders, including septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and prosthetic joint infections. Dalbavancin (DALBA) is a lipoglycopeptide with a very long half-life that allows the treatment of serious infections with once weekly or biweekly administration. We evaluated the activity of DALBA against pathogens isolated from BJI.S. aureus, 140 β-haemolytic streptococci (BHS), 71 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), 57 Enterococcus spp. (ESP), 22 viridans group streptococci (VGS), and 5 S. pneumoniae. Bacteria were identified by standard algorithms and MALDI-TOF-MS. Susceptibility testing was performed by the reference broth microdilution method in a central laboratory. A total of 798 organisms were collected from 62 US and 28 European (EU) hospitals in 2016-2020, including 503 S. aureus (63.0%) was the most common pathogen associated with BJI, followed by BHS (17.5%), CoNS (8.9%), and ESP (7.1%). All S. aureus isolates were susceptible (S) to DALBA , linezolid , teicoplanin , vancomycin , and daptomycin  rates among S. aureus (MRSA rates) were 35.5% and 15.4% in the US and EU, respectively. Ceftaroline (CPT) was active against 98.6% of S. aureus  and 94.7% of MRSA  isolates. Doxycycline and levofloxacin were active against 97.0% and 76.5% of S. aureus, respectively. Among CoNS, (54.9% OXA-R), DALBA  was the most potent agent, followed by DAPTO , CPT  and LNZ . The highest DALBA MIC value among BHS and VGS was 0.12 mg/L . VAN was active against 82.4% of ESP and DALBA inhibited all VAN-S ESP at ≤0.06 mg/L. in vitro activity against common gram-positive organisms (GP) causing BJI and appears to be a valuable option to treat BJI/osteomyelitis caused by GP.DALBA demonstrated potent Helio S. Sader, MD, PhD, FIDSA, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Basilea Pharmaceutica International, Ltd. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Department of Health and Human Services Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Nabriva Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Leonard R. Duncan, PhD, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Basilea Pharmaceutica International, Ltd. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Department of Health and Human Services Shionogi (Research Grant or Support) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Bravos Biosciences (Research Grant or Support)Cidara Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Qpex Biopharma (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, Affinity Biosensors  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Allergan  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amicrobe, Inc  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amplyx Pharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Artugen Therapeutics USA, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Astellas  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Basilea  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BIDMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; bioMerieux Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BioVersys Ag  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Bugworks  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cidara  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cipla  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Contrafect  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cormedix  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Crestone, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Curza  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; CXC7  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Entasis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fedora Pharmaceutical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fimbrion Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fox Chase  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; GlaxoSmithKline  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Guardian Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Hardy Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; IHMA  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Janssen Research & Development  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Johnson & Johnson  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Kaleido Biosceinces  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; KBP Biosciences  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Luminex  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Matrivax  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Mayo Clinic  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Medpace  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Melinta  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Menarini  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Merck  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meridian Bioscience Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Micromyx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; MicuRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; N8 Medical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Nabriva  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National Institutes of Health  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National University of Singapore  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; North Bristol NHS Trust  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Novome Biotechnologies  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Paratek  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Pfizer  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Prokaryotics Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; QPEX Biopharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Rhode Island Hospital  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; RIHML  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roche  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roivant  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Salvat  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Scynexis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SeLux Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Shionogi  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Specific Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Spero  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SuperTrans Medical LT  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; T2 Biosystems  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; The University of Queensland  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Thermo Fisher Scientific  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Tufts Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Universite de Sherbrooke  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Wisconsin  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UNT System College of Pharmacy  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; URMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UT Southwestern  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; VenatoRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Viosera Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Wayne State University  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support Rodrigo E. Mendes, PhD, AbbVie (Research Grant or Support)AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)ContraFect Corporation (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Nabriva Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)


Cefiderocol (CFDC) is a novel siderophore-conjugated cephalosporin with broad activity against Gram-negative (GN) bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant isolates, and non-fermentative organisms. CFDC is approved by the FDA for complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI), hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia, and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. In this study, we analyzed the susceptibility of CFDC and comparators against aerobic nonfastidious GN isolates collected from US patients hospitalized with pneumonia (PHP) in 2020 as a part of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program. Enterobacterales  and extensively drug resistant  phenotype isolates were analyzed.A total of 1,877 Gram-negative isolates were consecutively collected from PHP in 27 US hospitals during 2020. Susceptibility (S) testing was performed using the CLSI broth microdilution method. CFDC was tested in iron-depleted Mueller-Hinton broth. CLSI or FDA (2021) breakpoints were used. Both CLSI and FDA (2021) interpretations are shown in the table. Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa , followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=239). The %S and MIC50/90 values of CFDC for both CLSI and FDA breakpoints and comparators are shown in the table for all organisms and resistant subsets. For Enterobacterales, all tested drugs had >99%S. The 18 CRE isolates had 94.4%S to CFDC and ceftazidime-avibactam. CFDC was the most active antimicrobial tested against PSA  and XDR PSA (94.6/93.2%). CFDC had the highest %S against Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus species complex , XDR ABC (94.6/93.2%), and against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia . The most common GN organism isolated from PHP was in vitro results suggest that CFDC may be an important option for the treatment of PHP caused by GN organisms, particularly for pathogens which have few treatment options. CFDC was highly active against US GN isolates from PHP, including CRE, XDR PSA and ABC, as well as SM. These Dee Shortridge, PhD, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support) Jennifer M. Streit, BS, GlaxoSmithKline, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Leonard R. Duncan, PhD, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Basilea Pharmaceutica International, Ltd. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Department of Health and Human Services Shionogi (Research Grant or Support) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Bravos Biosciences (Research Grant or Support)Cidara Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Qpex Biopharma (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, Affinity Biosensors  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Allergan  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amicrobe, Inc  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amplyx Pharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Artugen Therapeutics USA, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Astellas  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Basilea  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BIDMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; bioMerieux Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BioVersys Ag  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Bugworks  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cidara  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cipla  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Contrafect  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cormedix  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Crestone, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Curza  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; CXC7  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Entasis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fedora Pharmaceutical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fimbrion Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fox Chase  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; GlaxoSmithKline  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Guardian Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Hardy Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; IHMA  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Janssen Research & Development  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Johnson & Johnson  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Kaleido Biosceinces  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; KBP Biosciences  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Luminex  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Matrivax  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Mayo Clinic  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Medpace  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Melinta  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Menarini  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Merck  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meridian Bioscience Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Micromyx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; MicuRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; N8 Medical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Nabriva  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National Institutes of Health  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National University of Singapore  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; North Bristol NHS Trust  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Novome Biotechnologies  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Paratek  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Pfizer  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Prokaryotics Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; QPEX Biopharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Rhode Island Hospital  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; RIHML  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roche  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roivant  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Salvat  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Scynexis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SeLux Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Shionogi  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Specific Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Spero  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SuperTrans Medical LT  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; T2 Biosystems  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; The University of Queensland  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Thermo Fisher Scientific  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Tufts Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Universite de Sherbrooke  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Wisconsin  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UNT System College of Pharmacy  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; URMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UT Southwestern  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; VenatoRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Viosera Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Wayne State University  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support


Enterobacterales (ENT) and CRE isolates, but have limited activity against metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing ENT. We evaluated the activity of QPX7728 (QPX), a novel BLI with intravenous (IV) and oral availability, in combination with BL agents. We tested ENT isolates carrying the most common BL genes such as blaCTX-M, transferable AmpCs, oxacillinases, MBLs, and serine carbapenemases.The β-lactam (BL)/ β-lactamase inhibitor (BLI) combinations approved in the last 10 years are active against most ESBL-producing A total of 1,027 ENT isolates were susceptibility (S) tested by reference broth microdilution against aztreonam (ATM), cefepime (FEP), cefdinir (CDR), ceftibuten (CTB), ceftolozane (CT) and piperacillin (PT) with fixed 4 mg/L of tazobactam, biapenem (BPM), meropenem (MER), and tebipenem (TEB) combined with QPX at fixed 4 and 8 mg/L. All isolates were genetically characterized using whole genome sequencing and included 520 ESBL-producers and 507 CRE with 168 producing MBLs.90, ≥32 mg/L); however, MIC90 values decreased ≥32-fold with the addition of QPX at the highest concentration tested (Table). Oral agents, CTB,CDR and TEB were tested with QPX at a fixed 4 mg/L and showed a 32- to 128-fold increase in potency . ATM and FEP were tested with QPX at a fixed 4 and 8 mg/L and displayed MIC90 values ranging from 0.12-0.5 mg/L. ATM and FEP, tested with 8 mg/L of QPX, inhibited 99.8% of isolates at the breakpoint for the BL agent alone. BLI inhibitor combinations PT and CT displayed MIC90 values of 2 and 4 mg/L with the addition of 8 mg/L QPX. MER with QPX at a fixed 4 mg/L and 8 mg/L inhibited 99.8% and 100% of isolates, respectively. BL agents tested alone had limited activity against this challenge set of isolates ContraFect Corporation (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Qpex Biopharma (Research Grant or Support) Yahse Edah, AS, Qpex (Research Grant or Support) Olga Lomovskaya, PhD, Qpex Biopharma (Employee) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Bravos Biosciences (Research Grant or Support)Cidara Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Qpex Biopharma (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, Affinity Biosensors  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Allergan  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amicrobe, Inc  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amplyx Pharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Artugen Therapeutics USA, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Astellas  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Basilea  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BIDMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; bioMerieux Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BioVersys Ag  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Bugworks  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cidara  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cipla  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Contrafect  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cormedix  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Crestone, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Curza  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; CXC7  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Entasis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fedora Pharmaceutical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fimbrion Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fox Chase  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; GlaxoSmithKline  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Guardian Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Hardy Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; IHMA  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Janssen Research & Development  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Johnson & Johnson  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Kaleido Biosceinces  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; KBP Biosciences  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Luminex  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Matrivax  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Mayo Clinic  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Medpace  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Melinta  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Menarini  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Merck  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meridian Bioscience Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Micromyx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; MicuRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; N8 Medical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Nabriva  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National Institutes of Health  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National University of Singapore  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; North Bristol NHS Trust  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Novome Biotechnologies  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Paratek  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Pfizer  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Prokaryotics Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; QPEX Biopharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Rhode Island Hospital  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; RIHML  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roche  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roivant  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Salvat  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Scynexis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SeLux Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Shionogi  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Specific Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Spero  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SuperTrans Medical LT  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; T2 Biosystems  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; The University of Queensland  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Thermo Fisher Scientific  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Tufts Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Universite de Sherbrooke  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Wisconsin  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UNT System College of Pharmacy  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; URMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UT Southwestern  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; VenatoRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Viosera Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Wayne State University  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support


Enterobacterales (ENT)—especially Escherichia coli (EC), Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPN), and Proteus mirabilis (PM)—are widely implicated in urinary tract infections (UTIs). Many oral agents are used to manage UTIs, but their usefulness has been compromised by the increased prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and presence of co-resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) and quinolones. Tebipenem (TBP) is an oral carbapenem in clinical development for treating complicated UTIs and acute pyelonephritis. This study assessed the in vitro activity of TBP and comparator agents against ENT responsible for UTIs in the US during 2019-2020. A total of 3,576 ENT recovered from urine samples during the 2019-2020 STEWARD Surveillance Program were included in the study. Isolates were collected from medical centers in all 9 US Census Regions and were centrally tested for susceptibility by reference broth microdilution method. MIC interpretation was performed based on CLSI criteria. 90, 0.015-0.06 mg/L) and ertapenem  showed similar MIC90 results against ENT, EC, and KPN (Table). Ceftazidime  had elevated MIC90 values and suboptimal susceptibility results (86.1-89.3%) against ENT, EC, and KPN. The oral agents, cefuroxime, amoxicillin-clavulanate, TMP-SMX, and levofloxacin showed susceptibility rates ranging from 63.1% to 87.1% against ENT, EC, and KPN. TBP  inhibited all PM at ≤0.25 mg/L. PM isolates were susceptible to ERT (100.0%), CAZ (98.7%), cefuroxime (94.4%), and amoxicillin/clavulanate (96.6%), whereas susceptibility rates of 71.8-76.8% were noted for TMP-SMX and levofloxacin.EC comprised 65.6% of all ENT pathogens, followed by KPN (14.3%), PM (6.6%), and other species (13.7%). TBP AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)ContraFect Corporation (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Nabriva Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Ian A. Critchley, Ph.D., Spero Therapeutics  Nicole Cotroneo, Spero Therapeutics  Jennifer M. Streit, BS, GlaxoSmithKline, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Helio S. Sader, MD, PhD, FIDSA, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Basilea Pharmaceutica International, Ltd. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Department of Health and Human Services Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Nabriva Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Bravos Biosciences (Research Grant or Support)Cidara Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Qpex Biopharma (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, Affinity Biosensors  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Allergan  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amicrobe, Inc  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amplyx Pharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Artugen Therapeutics USA, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Astellas  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Basilea  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BIDMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; bioMerieux Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BioVersys Ag  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Bugworks  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cidara  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cipla  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Contrafect  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cormedix  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Crestone, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Curza  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; CXC7  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Entasis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fedora Pharmaceutical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fimbrion Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fox Chase  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; GlaxoSmithKline  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Guardian Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Hardy Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; IHMA  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Janssen Research & Development  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Johnson & Johnson  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Kaleido Biosceinces  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; KBP Biosciences  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Luminex  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Matrivax  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Mayo Clinic  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Medpace  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Melinta  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Menarini  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Merck  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meridian Bioscience Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Micromyx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; MicuRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; N8 Medical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Nabriva  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National Institutes of Health  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National University of Singapore  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; North Bristol NHS Trust  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Novome Biotechnologies  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Paratek  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Pfizer  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Prokaryotics Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; QPEX Biopharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Rhode Island Hospital  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; RIHML  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roche  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roivant  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Salvat  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Scynexis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SeLux Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Shionogi  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Specific Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Spero  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SuperTrans Medical LT  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; T2 Biosystems  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; The University of Queensland  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Thermo Fisher Scientific  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Tufts Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Universite de Sherbrooke  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Wisconsin  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UNT System College of Pharmacy  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; URMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UT Southwestern  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; VenatoRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Viosera Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Wayne State University  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support


TP53, encoding the tumor suppressor and transcription factor p53, is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers  at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF). M.L. was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFA0506200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China , the Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant (828318), the Shanghai Excellent Youth Academic Leader (20XD1422700), the Shanghai Medical and Health Excellent Discipline Leader Development Plan (2018BR36), the Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine (TM201902), the Foundation of the National Facility for Translational Medicine (Shanghai) (TMSK-2020-003), and the Newton Advanced Fellowship (NAF\R1\180216). J.-L.W., S.C., and M.L. wrote the manuscript.]


Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-97109-6, published online 04 October 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in the Acknowledgments section.Astragalus membranaceus (2017-2020) and SRTP Project of Gansu Agricultural University .”“This work was supported by National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ZYBZH-Y-GS-11); Science and Technology Department of Gansu Province Support Project (1204FKCA123); Gansu Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Areas Foundation to Prof. Yuan Chen for a Chief Expert of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Industry in Modern Agricultural Industry System (GARS-ZYC-1) and once again to Prof. Yuan Chen for Special Advantage Agricultural Products in Gansu Province -Evaluation of Longxi Huangqi (TYNPZ2020-18), Gansu Zhongtian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd on the GAP Base Construction of now reads:Astragalus membranaceus (2017-2020) and SRTP Project of Gansu Agricultural University .”“This work was supported by Gansu Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Areas Foundation to Prof. Yuan Chen for Evaluation of Gansu Provincial Special Advantage Agricultural Product- Longxi Huangqi (TYNPZ2020-18) and Foundation for a Chief Expert of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Industry in Modern Agricultural Industry System (GARS-ZYC-1); National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ZYBZH-Y-GS-11); Science and Technology Department of Gansu Province Support Project (1204FKCA123); Gansu Zhongtian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd on the GAP Base Construction of The original Article has been corrected.


Correction to: BMC Cancer 21, 1329 (2021)https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-021-09049-zFollowing publication of the original article , the autThis research was supported by the Pre-research Grant for National Natural Science Foundation of China from North Sichuan Medical College (CBY19-YZ08 to Y. Liu), Clinical and Basic Research Overlapping Fusion Foundation of China from Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College (2021LC010 to Y. Liu).


The correct title is: Fusion algorithm of visible and infrared image based on anisotropic diffusion and image enhancement. The correct citation is: Huang H, Dong L, Xue Z, Liu X, Hua C (2021) Fusion algorithm of visible and infrared image based on anisotropic diffusion and image enhancement. PLoS ONE 16(2): e0245563. The publisher apologizes for the error.


Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-85917-9, published online 18 March 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article omitted the Acknowledgements and Funding section. The Acknowledgements section now reads:“The authors thank Dr. Samer Kharroubi from American University of Beirut for statistical guidance and Dr. Charbel Khalil from Reviva Regenerative Medicine Center, Lebanon, for the kind gift of AD-MSCs.”The Funding section now reads:“This study was funded by Beirut Arab University (BAU) and the Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS-L).”The original Article has been corrected.


Escherichia coli possess virulence genes, adaptability for human colonization and are often associated to resistance genes. We evaluated the prevalence, O-antigen and susceptibility profiles of ST131 among β-lactam resistant E. coli isolates collected in US hospitals.ST131 E. coli isolates collected during 2017 and 2018 were susceptibility tested using reference broth microdilution method. Among these, 1,154 displayed MIC values >1 mg/L against 2 of the following: ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefepime or aztreonam or resistance to imipenem or meropenem (CLSI breakpoints) and were submitted to whole genome sequencing (WGS) and data analysis (MLST and O antigen). The genes wzx, wzy, wzm, and wzt were used to identify the O-antigen. Reference guided assembly for gene cluster O-AGC was used to differentiate O25a and O25b.A total of 6,768 E. coli isolates, 627 (54.3%) belonged to ST131 or were single loci variants . A total of 586 (93.5% of ST131 and 50.8% of sequenced isolates) belonged to the O25b serotype. The remaining 41 isolates belonged to serotypes O16 (40 isolates) or O153var1 (1). ST131 isolates and O25b isolates were considerably more resistant to fluoroquinolones  when compared to the overall WGS isolate collection (75.6%-77.0%). ST131-O25b isolates were more resistant to 12 /16 antimicrobial agents analyzed, including all β-lactam agents (0.9%-12.7% more resistant), fluoroquinolones (34.5-41.0%), and aminoglycosides (1.2-37.3%). ST131 (49.0%) and ST131-O25b (51.5%) isolates had higher multi-drug resistant (MDR) rates compared to all E. coli isolates (7.3%), WGS isolates (41.4%), and isolates that did not carry these traits (32.4% for non-ST131 and 12.2% for non-O25b).Among the WGS E. coli isolates were common among β-lactam resistant E. coli from US hospitals. These isolates were significantly more resistant than their counterparts, despite the elevated resistance rates of the overall WGS collection. ST131-O25b E. coli isolates have the potential to present a challenge for antimicrobial treatment. Specific therapies that are effective against these isolates should be investigated.ST131 and ST131-O25b Mariana Castanheira, PhD, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Bravos Biosciences (Research Grant or Support)Cidara Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Qpex Biopharma (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, Affinity Biosensors  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Allergan  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amicrobe, Inc  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amplyx Pharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Artugen Therapeutics USA, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Astellas  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Basilea  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BIDMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; bioMerieux Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BioVersys Ag  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Bugworks  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cidara  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cipla  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Contrafect  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cormedix  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Crestone, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Curza  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; CXC7  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Entasis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fedora Pharmaceutical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fimbrion Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fox Chase  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; GlaxoSmithKline  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Guardian Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Hardy Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; IHMA  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Janssen Research & Development  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Johnson & Johnson  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Kaleido Biosceinces  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; KBP Biosciences  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Luminex  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Matrivax  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Mayo Clinic  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Medpace  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Melinta  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Menarini  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Merck  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meridian Bioscience Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Micromyx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; MicuRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; N8 Medical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Nabriva  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National Institutes of Health  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National University of Singapore  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; North Bristol NHS Trust  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Novome Biotechnologies  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Paratek  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Pfizer  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Prokaryotics Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; QPEX Biopharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Rhode Island Hospital  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; RIHML  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roche  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roivant  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Salvat  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Scynexis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SeLux Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Shionogi  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Specific Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Spero  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SuperTrans Medical LT  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; T2 Biosystems  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; The University of Queensland  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Thermo Fisher Scientific  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Tufts Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Universite de Sherbrooke  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Wisconsin  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UNT System College of Pharmacy  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; URMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UT Southwestern  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; VenatoRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Viosera Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Wayne State University  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support Timothy B. Doyle, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Bravos Biosciences (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Andrew P. Davis, BS, Bravos Biosciences (Research Grant or Support) Valerie Kantro, BS, Bravos Biosciences (Research Grant or Support) Christopher M. Rubino, Pharm.D., 3-V Biosciences (Grant/Research Support)Achogen (Grant/Research Support)Amplyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Arixa Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Arsanis Inc. (Grant/Research Support)B. Braun Medical Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Basilea Pharmaceutica (Grant/Research Support)BLC USA (Research Grant or Support)Boston Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Bravos Biosciences, LLC Cidara Therapeutics Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Cipla, USA (Grant/Research Support)Corcept Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Cumberland Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Debiopharm International SA (Grant/Research Support)Discuva Limited (Grant/Research Support)Emerald Lake Technologies (Grant/Research Support)Enhanced Pharmacodynamics (Grant/Research Support)Entasis Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)E-Scape Bio (Grant/Research Support)Genentech (Grant/Research Support)Geom Therapeutics, Inc. (Grant/Research Support)GlaxoSmithKline (Grant/Research Support)Hoffmann-La Roche (Grant/Research Support)Horizon Orphan LLC (Grant/Research Support)ICPD Biosciences, LLC Indalo Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Insmed Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Institute for Clinical Pharmacodynamics (Employee)Iterum (Grant/Research Support)KBP Biosciences USA (Grant/Research Support)Kyoto Biopharma, Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Matinas (Grant/Research Support)Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd. (Grant/Research Support)Melinta Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Menarini Ricerche S.p.A. (Grant/Research Support)Merck & Co., Inc (Grant/Research Support)Mutabilis (Grant/Research Support)Nabriva Therapeutics AG (Grant/Research Support)Naeja-RGM Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Nosopharm SAS (Grant/Research Support)Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp. (Grant/Research Support)NuCana Biomed (Grant/Research Support)Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Polyphor, Ltd. (Grant/Research Support)Prothena Corporation (Grant/Research Support)PTC Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Rempex Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Roche TCRC (Grant/Research Support)Sagimet (Grant/Research Support)scPharmaceuticals Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Scynexis (Grant/Research Support)Spero Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)TauRx Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Tetraphase Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Theravance Biopharma Pharmaceutica (Grant/Research Support)USCAST (Grant/Research Support)VenatoRx (Grant/Research Support)Vical Incorporated (Grant/Research Support)Wockhardt Bio AG (Grant/Research Support)Zavante Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Zogenix International (Grant/Research Support) Sujata M. Bhavnani, Pharm.D., M.S., FIDSA, 3-V Biosciences (Grant/Research Support)Achogen (Grant/Research Support)Amplyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Arixa Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Arsanis Inc. (Grant/Research Support)B. Braun Medical Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Basilea Pharmaceutica (Grant/Research Support)BLC USA (Grant/Research Support)Boston Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Bravos Biosciences, LLC Cidara Therapeutics Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Cipla, USA (Grant/Research Support)Corcept Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Cumberland Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Debiopharm International SA (Grant/Research Support)Discuva Limited (Grant/Research Support)Emerald Lake Technologies (Grant/Research Support)Enhanced Pharmacodynamics (Grant/Research Support)Entasis Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)E-Scape Bio (Grant/Research Support)Genentech (Grant/Research Support)Geom Therapeutics, Inc. (Grant/Research Support)GlaxoSmithKline (Grant/Research Support)Hoffmann-La Roche (Grant/Research Support)Horizon Orphan LLC (Grant/Research Support)ICPD Biosciences, LLC Indalo Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Insmed Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Institute for Clinical Pharmacodynamics (Employee)Iterum (Grant/Research Support)KBP Biosciences USA (Grant/Research Support)Kyoto Biopharma, Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Matinas (Grant/Research Support)Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd. (Grant/Research Support)Melinta Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Menarini Ricerche S.p.A. (Grant/Research Support)Merck & Co., Inc (Grant/Research Support)Mutabilis (Grant/Research Support)Nabriva Therapeutics AG (Grant/Research Support)Naeja-RGM Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Nosopharm SAS (Grant/Research Support)Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp. (Grant/Research Support)NuCana Biomed (Grant/Research Support)Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Polyphor, Ltd. (Grant/Research Support)Prothena Corporation (Grant/Research Support)PTC Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Rempex Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Roche TCRC (Grant/Research Support)Sagimet (Grant/Research Support)scPharmaceuticals Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Scynexis (Grant/Research Support)Spero Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)TauRx Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Tetraphase Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Theravance Biopharma Pharmaceutica (Grant/Research Support)USCAST (Grant/Research Support)VenatoRx (Grant/Research Support)Vical Incorporated (Grant/Research Support)Wockhardt Bio AG (Grant/Research Support)Zavante Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Zogenix International (Grant/Research Support) Paul G. Ambrose, Pharm.D., FIDSA, 3-V Biosciences (Grant/Research Support)Achogen (Grant/Research Support)Amplyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Arixa Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Arsanis Inc. (Grant/Research Support)B. Braun Medical Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Basilea Pharmaceutica (Grant/Research Support)BLC USA (Grant/Research Support)Boston Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Bravos Biosciences, LLC Cidara Therapeutics Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Cipla, USA (Grant/Research Support)Corcept Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Cumberland Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Debiopharm International SA (Grant/Research Support)Discuva Limited (Research Grant or Support)Emerald Lake Technologies (Grant/Research Support)Enhanced Pharmacodynamics (Grant/Research Support)Entasis Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)E-Scape Bio (Grant/Research Support)Genentech (Grant/Research Support)Geom Therapeutics, Inc. (Grant/Research Support)GlaxoSmithKline (Grant/Research Support)Hoffmann-La Roche (Grant/Research Support)Horizon Orphan LLC (Grant/Research Support)ICPD Biosciences, LLC Indalo Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Insmed Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Institute for Clinical Pharmacodynamics (Employee)Iterum (Grant/Research Support)KBP Biosciences USA (Grant/Research Support)Kyoto Biopharma, Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Matinas (Grant/Research Support)Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd. (Grant/Research Support)Melinta Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Menarini Ricerche S.p.A. (Grant/Research Support)Merck & Co., Inc (Grant/Research Support)Mutabilis (Grant/Research Support)Nabriva Therapeutics AG (Grant/Research Support)Naeja-RGM Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Nosopharm SAS (Grant/Research Support)Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp. (Grant/Research Support)NuCana Biomed (Grant/Research Support)Paratek Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Polyphor, Ltd. (Grant/Research Support)Prothena Corporation (Grant/Research Support)PTC Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Rempex Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Roche TCRC (Grant/Research Support)Sagimet (Grant/Research Support)scPharmaceuticals Inc. (Grant/Research Support)Scynexis (Grant/Research Support)Spero Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)TauRx Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Tetraphase Pharmaceuticals (Grant/Research Support)Theravance Biopharma Pharmaceutica (Grant/Research Support)USCAST (Grant/Research Support)VenatoRx (Grant/Research Support)Vical Incorporated (Grant/Research Support)Wockhardt Bio AG (Grant/Research Support)Zavante Therapeutics (Grant/Research Support)Zogenix International (Grant/Research Support)


Scientific Reports 10.1038/s41598-021-02707-z, published online 06 December 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in the Funding section. Furthermore, the Acknowledgements section was a duplicate of the Funding section. The duplicate has been removed in the original Article.The Funding section“Funding was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China , Research Program Sponsored by State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science , GSCS-2020-06, China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA, CARS-12, Research Program Sponsored by State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, No. GSCS-2020-Z1.”now reads:“Funding was financially supported Research Program Sponsored by State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University (No. GSCS-2020-Z1); by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-12); by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. 31960435); by the Research Program Sponsored by State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science  (GSCS-2020-06) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. 31860388).”The original Article has been corrected.


Microsystems & NanoengineeringCorrection to: 10.1038/s41378-021-00314-6 published online 19 October 20211, it is reported the Acknowledgement section need to be updated as below:Following publication of this articleThis work is partly supported by the EPSRC through an Engineering Fellowship (EP/R029644/1) and Programme Grant-Heteroprint (EP/R03480X/1) and North West Centre for Advanced Manufacturing project funded by the European Union’s INTERREG programme (H2020-Intereg-IVA5055), managed by the Special EU Programmes Body. The views and opinions in this document do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission or the SEUPB.The original article has been updated.


Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98593-6, published online 27 September 2021Correction to: The original version of this Article contained an error in the Acknowledgments section.“This research was part of solar PV system project that received funding from the Middle Technical University for Research and Innovation Program 2020, Iraq.”now reads:“This work was supported in part by the Robotics and Internet of Things Laboratory, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia."The original Article has been corrected.


S. pneumoniae (SPN), including multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. CPT fosamil is approved for clinical use in the United States (US) to treat community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). We evaluated the activity of CPT against clinical isolates of ceftriaxone-non-susceptible (CRO-NS) SPN from US medical centers. Ceftaroline (CPT) is a broad-spectrum cephalosporin with activity against 21,750 SPN isolates were consecutively collected (1 per patient) from 201 medical centers in 2008-2020 and tested for susceptibility (S) to CPT and comparator agents using CLSI broth microdilution methods. Among these isolates, 1,419 (6.5%) were CRO-NS (CRO MIC ≥2 mg/L). Other resistant subgroups analyzed included MDR  and extensively drug resistant  isolates.50/90, 0.25/0.25 mg/L); only 1 isolate had a CPT MIC ≥0.5 mg/L. The CPT-NS isolate exhibited CPT and CRO MIC values of 1 and 8 mg/L, respectively, and had multiple substitutions in the penicillin binding proteins (PBP), mainly PBP2x, when compared with reference sequences. Also, it showed 31 amino acid alterations in MurM. The most active comparator agents against CRO-NS SPN were linezolid , levofloxacin , tigecycline , and vancomycin . Overall, 20.5% of isolates were MDR and 7.9% were XDR. MDR and XDR rates decreased from 24.4% and 13.5% in 2008-2011 to 16.8% and 2.4% in 2018-2020, respectively. CPT retained potent activity against MDR  and XDR  isolates; whereas CRO exhibited limited activity against both MDR  and XDR  isolate subsets. Among CRO-NS isolates, 97.7% were MDR and 88.2% were XDR. CRO susceptibility varied from 86.9% in 2009 to 98.8% in 2019 and increased from 89.0% in the 2008-2011 period to 98.1% in the 2018-2020 period. CPT was active against 99.9% of CRO-NS SPN (MICCPT demonstrated potent and consistent activity over time (2008-2020) against a large collection of SPN from US medical centers, including CRO-NS, MDR, and XDR isolates. Helio S. Sader, MD, PhD, FIDSA, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Basilea Pharmaceutica International, Ltd. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Department of Health and Human Services Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Nabriva Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Bravos Biosciences (Research Grant or Support)Cidara Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Qpex Biopharma (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Mariana Castanheira, PhD, Affinity Biosensors  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Allergan  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amicrobe, Inc  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Amplyx Pharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Artugen Therapeutics USA, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Astellas  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Basilea  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BIDMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; bioMerieux Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; BioVersys Ag  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Bugworks  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cidara  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cipla  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Contrafect  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Cormedix  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Crestone, Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Curza  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; CXC7  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Entasis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fedora Pharmaceutical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fimbrion Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Fox Chase  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; GlaxoSmithKline  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Guardian Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Hardy Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; IHMA  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Janssen Research & Development  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Johnson & Johnson  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Kaleido Biosceinces  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; KBP Biosciences  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Luminex  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Matrivax  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Mayo Clinic  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Medpace  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Melinta  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Menarini  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Merck  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Meridian Bioscience Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Micromyx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; MicuRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; N8 Medical  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Nabriva  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National Institutes of Health  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; National University of Singapore  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; North Bristol NHS Trust  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Novome Biotechnologies  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Paratek  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Pfizer  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Prokaryotics Inc.  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; QPEX Biopharma  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Rhode Island Hospital  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; RIHML  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roche  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Roivant  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Salvat  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Scynexis  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SeLux Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Shionogi  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Specific Diagnostics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Spero  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; SuperTrans Medical LT  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; T2 Biosystems  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; The University of Queensland  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Thermo Fisher Scientific  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Tufts Medical Center  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Universite de Sherbrooke  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; University of Wisconsin  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UNT System College of Pharmacy  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; URMC  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; UT Southwestern  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; VenatoRx  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Viosera Therapeutics  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support; Wayne State University  Involved: Self): Research Grant or Support Cecilia G. Carvalhaes, MD, PhD, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Cidara Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support) S J Ryan Arends, PhD, AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Nabriva Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support) Rodrigo E. Mendes, PhD, AbbVie (Research Grant or Support)AbbVie (formerly Allergan) (Research Grant or Support)Cipla Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Cipla USA Inc. (Research Grant or Support)ContraFect Corporation (Research Grant or Support)GlaxoSmithKline, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Melinta Therapeutics, LLC (Research Grant or Support)Nabriva Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)Pfizer, Inc. (Research Grant or Support)Shionogi (Research Grant or Support)Spero Therapeutics (Research Grant or Support)


Scientific Reportshttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97735-0, published online 01 October 2021Correction to: The Funding section in the original version of this Article was incomplete.“This study was supported by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering grant R01 EB001659. This study was also partially supported by the National University of Singapore Start-up Grant R-608-000-172-133.”now reads:“This study was supported by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering grant R01 EB001659. This study was also partially supported by the National University of Singapore Start-up Grant R-608-000-172-133; and in part by the Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety (CIN 13-413), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX; and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.”The original Article has been corrected.