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a method and system for automatically updating and synchronizing contact center agent skill data maintained in a central agent skill database with a routing system based upon skill - changing events triggered in skill - impacting systems . contact center agent skills may be maintained in a skill database for a set of agents . a skill - impacting system may send skill / capability data for an agent . the agent &# 39 ; s profile in the skill database may be updated based on the received skill data . either immediately , when triggered by an event , or at a predetermined interval , a routing system &# 39 ; s routing logic may be synchronized with the new data in the agent &# 39 ; s profile . when the contact center receives a contact from a customer , processing logic in the routing system may select a best - fit agent based on availability and skill data from the agent profiles . | 6 |
a gripping apparatus for gripping elongated workpieces comprises a housing , carrying two pivotable gripping jaws which are movable between opened and closed positions , as well as a guiding body , in which the housing is displaceably supported . a rod having a control element which is located between both gripping jaws and is displaceable between a position retracted into the gripping jaws and so as to spread them apart , and an opposite position , where the gripping jaws are converged . the control element engages the housing and , during a further movement in the retraction direction moves the housing . | 1 |
a molecular species is covalently attached to elemental carbon by exposing the carbon to a reaction mixture containing a strong base and a compound of the formula or in which x denotes a covalently attached atom or group capable of forming an x − anion and each z is a moiety comprising a plurality of atoms , but which does not have a hydrogen atom directly attached to the atom which itself is directly attached to the — ch 2 x or — chx group . the carbon substrate may be graphite or carbon nanotubes . | 2 |
a modular shelving system including a plurality of support posts , a plurality of shelves having respective support members for supporting each of the plurality of shelves at selective locations on the plurality of support posts , and at least one divider including first and second support beams and a plurality of partitions disposed between the first and second support beams . each of the first and second support beams is supportable on one of the plurality of shelves at first and second ends of the support beams , and each of the plurality of partitions is supported at respective ends thereof by the first and second support beams and projecting away from the first and second support beams , thereby defining a respective plurality of slots between the plurality of partitions . | 0 |
a telecontrol arrangement observes and / or controls an installation . the telecontrol arrangement is set up to communicate with field devices of the installation and with a control center arrangement . in order to specify a comparatively flexible telecontrol arrangement which can be adapted to change intended purposes with a smaller amount of effort , provision is made for the telecontrol arrangement to be formed in a data processing cloud . | 8 |
the present invention provides systems for the injection delivery of at least two fluid doses to a small bird by penetrating the skin of the recipient bird with at least two injection needles . it is then possible to simultaneously inject drugs , or other fluid vaccines that do not mix well or whose mixture would be detrimental to the stability or efficacy of the active ingredients therein . the present invention provides a novel injection needle support for connecting the injection needles to dose distributors and fluid supply containers while maintaining the injection ends of the injection needles in a substantially parallel arrangement . the injection needle support typically is attached to a carrier connected to an actuator , an actuator power source and a switch mechanism wherein the actuator , when activated , can reciprocally move the carrier and injection support toward and away from an injection position . the injection delivery system may further include one or more dose distributors and fluid supply containers for delivering fluid doses to the injection needles for injection into a recipient bird held against an aperture in a retaining plate . | 0 |
Context. Ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are sources observed to have extreme X-ray luminosities exceeding the Eddington limit of a stellar-mass black hole (BH). A fraction of ULXs show X-ray pulsations, which are evidence for accreting neutron stars (NSs). Theoretical studies have suggested that NSs, rather than BHs, dominate the compact objects of intrinsic ULX populations, even though the majority of the observed sample is non-pulsating, implying that X-ray pulses from many NS ULXs are unobservable. <BR /> Aims: We simulate populations of X-ray binaries covering a range of starburst ages spanning from 5 to 1000 Myr with the aim of comparing the properties of observed ULXs at the different ages. Additionally, we compare two models describing different assumptions for the physical processes governing binary evolution. <BR /> Methods: We used the new population synthesis code POSYDON to generate multiple populations of ULXs spanning multiple burst ages. We employed a model for geometrically beamed emission from a super-Eddington accretion disk in order to estimate the luminosities of ULXs. Following theoretical predictions for the alignment of the spin axis of an NS with the accretion disk due to mass transfer, we estimated the required mass to be accreted by the NSs in the ULX populations so that the alignment suppresses observable X-ray pulses. <BR /> Results: While we find that the properties of ULX populations are sensitive to model assumptions, there are certain trends that the populations follow. Generally, young and old stellar populations are dominated by BH and NS accretors, respectively. The donor stars go from being massive H-rich main-sequence stars in young populations (< 100 Myr) to low-mass post-main sequence H-rich stars in older populations (> 100 Myr), with stripped He-rich giant donors dominating the populations at around 100 Myr. In addition, we find that NS ULXs exhibit stronger geometrical beaming than BH ULXs, leading to an underrepresentation of NS accretors in observed populations. Coupled with our finding that X-ray pulses are suppressed in at least 60% of the NS ULXs, we suggest that the observed fraction of ULXs with detectable X-ray pulses is very small, in agreement with observations. <BR /> Conclusions: We show that geometrical beaming and the mass-accretion phase are critical aspects of understanding ULX observations. Our results suggest that even though most ULXs have accreting NSs, those with observable X-ray pulses would be very few. | 9 |
this application relates to novel fused tricyclic thienopyridines of formulas i and ii , which useful for treating hepatitis b infection and other diseases . this application also relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising thienopyridines and to the use of such compositions to treat hepatitis b and other diseases . | 2 |
a paper feeing cassette of an image forming apparatus includes a paper stacking plate on which a sheet of paper is stacked ; a lift unit placed under the paper stacking plate , lifting by a rotating pivot , the rotating pivot being connected to a driving motor using a connection portion and rotated , and ascending the paper stacking plate ; and a release unit separating the connection portion from the rotating pivot , disconnecting the driving motor from the rotating pivot , descending the paper stacking plate by its weight , and separating the sheet of paper from a pickup roller . | 1 |
method and apparatus for disabling an airbag system for a seating position within a motor vehicle in which one or more electromagnetic wave occupant sensors are situated in a roof above the seat , the presence or absence of an occupant of the seating position is detected using the electromagnetic wave occupant sensor , the airbag system is disabled if the seating position is unoccupied , the proximity of an occupant to the airbag door is detected if the seating position is occupied and the airbag system is disabled if the occupant is closer to the airbag door than a predetermined distance , i . e ., out - of - position . further , the airbag deployment parameters , e . g ., rate of inflation and time of deployment , may be modified to adjust inflation of the airbag according to proximity of the occupant to the airbag door . the presence or absence of the occupant is preferably accomplished using pattern recognition techniques to process the waves received by the electromagnetic wave - occupant sensor . | 1 |
a system for the transmission of a signal having at least two conditions includes a device for emitting signals that has two oscillators whose signal amplitudes are alternately switched according to the two conditions of the binary signal . one of the oscillators generates a first frequency and the other a second frequency . a reception device is provided and has signal detectors which are independently sensitive to the first and second frequencies so that the reception device supplies , at its output , the binary signal or the inverse thereof , which are received over the first and the second frequencies . a process for the transmission of a plurality of signals or messages having at least two conditions includes the steps of emitting signals indicative of the conditions over different transmission channels and emitting signals indicative of one of the conditions of the messages over a common transmission channel . thus , the messages can be reconstructed after reception of one of the transmitted condition signals . a command signal can be produced when all of the transmission channels are simultaneously activated for a predetermined period . | 7 |
the invention relates to a vehicle wash system comprising a first treatment unit arranged on a frame so as to be height - adjustable and at least one second treatment unit arranged on the frame so as to be height - adjustable . in order to reduce the components required for driving and controlling the treatment units the latter are coupled to a common drive motor via a traction mechanism drive for their mutual adjustment . | 1 |
materials are described which not only extinguish fires or suppress explosions but also remove at least part of any carbon monoxide which may remain after such prior extinguishing or explosion suppressing . examples of suitable fire extinguishants and explosion suppressants are halocarbons such as bromotrifluoromethane . the carbon monoxide removing substance may comprise hopcalite catalysts . other examples of suitable substances are disclosed . | 0 |
There is a remarkable correlation between the spin periods of the accreting neutron stars (NSs) in Be/X-ray binaries (BeXBs) and their orbital periods. Recently, Knigge et al. showed that the distribution of the spin periods contains two distinct subpopulations peaked at ~10 s and ~200 s, respectively, and suggested that they may be related to two types of supernovae for the formation of the NSs, i.e., core-collapse and electron-capture supernovae. Here we propose that the bimodal spin period distribution is likely to be ascribed to different accretion modes of the NSs in BeXBs. When the NS tends to capture material from the warped, outer part of the Be star disk and experiences giant outbursts, a radiatively cooling dominated disk is formed around the NS, which spins up the NS and is responsible for the short-period subpopulation. In BeXBs that are dominated by normal outbursts or are persistent, the accretion flow is advection-dominated or quasi-spherical. The spin-up process is accordingly inefficient, leading to longer periods of the neuron stars. The potential relation between the subpopulations and the supernova mechanism is also discussed. | 9 |
an apparatus for the automatic , in - circuit testing of the electrical properties of complex digital integrated circuit assemblies is disclosed . a programmed processor is provided to control a set of selectable switches , which connect selected nodes of a circuit under test to certain ones of a plurality of signal lines . one of the signal lines supplies a selected digital test signal from a set of selectable test signals to the selected node . the set of test signals including a gray code . another of the signal lines provides a response line connecting a selected node to a functional tester that performs one of a selectable number of intermediate functional tests . one of the functional tests is a signature analysis of the digital response signal in accordance with a cyclic redundancy check coding technique . each test performed by the apparatus is specified through processor routines which select and encode the proper test signals for the particular circuit or device under test and analyze the results of the intermediate functional tests to determine if the device has functioned properly . | 6 |
the system includes optical detectors , a control microprocessor , and an alarm . the detectors optically detect the presence of cartons within the shelf exit openings and emit carton - present signals upon such detection the microprocessor is responsive to the signals and activates an alarm when a preselected detector signal pattern is observed . in the preferred embodiment , the alarm patterns include four signals within 15 seconds or one signal having a duration of 6 . 5 seconds . | 6 |
a device for detecting and adjusting the tension of a scraper chain . the device identifies broken chain as it leaves the return sprocket and enters the top race of the conveyor . when detected , the chain can be stopped automatically by the armored face conveyor control system , to avoid the potential for further damage , and warn the operators that repair of the chain is required . the device also has a conveyor with sliding frames at both ends to allow the conveyor ends to be independently adjusted to each end of the coal block , while maintaining good chain tension and control . | 1 |
a turbine engine cooling arrangement according to an example of the present disclosure includes , among other things , a core passage for receiving a core flow for combustion , a first airflow source including a first passage adjacent the core passage for conveying a first airflow , a second airflow source including a second passage adjacent the first passage for conveying a second airflow , and a heat exchanger that is thermally connected with the first passage and the second passage for transferring heat between the first airflow and the second airflow . the first airflow and the second airflow stream over the heat exchanger in a parallel radial direction and a parallel axial direction . an engine inlet divides inlet air into the core flow , the first airflow , and the second airflow . a method of providing cooling air is also disclosed . | 5 |
the present invention provides a coated golf ball which suppresses sagging of the paint at the dimple edge after coating , maintains original flying characteristics which the dimple shape possesses , and provides excellent coating appearance . the coated golf ball of the present invention comprises a golf ball body and a paint layer formed thereon , wherein said paint layer is formed from a paint which comprises internally - crosslinked polymer gel fine particles dispersed therein . | 0 |
self - contained solar - powered long - life intelligent illuminated road markers are provided comprising a one - piece housing formed of optionally colored plastic capable of transmitting light . light is reflected by reflective coating or generated internally by led which is powered by a long life battery , the charging of which is controlled by electrical circuitry which comprises a peripheral interface controller . the electrical circuitry provides intelligent control for a variety of modes corresponding to diverse driving conditions , and can enter a low - power sleep mode to conserve battery life . | 4 |
systems and techniques relating to storage technologies include , according to an aspect , a data processing apparatus including : a processor ; a controller coupled with the processor ; a solid state drive coupled with the controller ; and a mass storage drive coupled with the controller ; wherein at least a portion of the solid state drive and the mass storage drive are virtualized as a single physical storage drive ; wherein multiple applications stored in the virtualized single physical storage drive are configured to run on the processor ; wherein one or more applications in a hot application group are stored in the solid state drive , and one or more applications in a cold application group are stored in the mass storage drive ; and wherein each of the multiple applications is actively monitored and placed in either the hot application group or the cold application group . | 6 |
a mounting system is disclosed for removably mounting rollers and cylinders in a machine for quick and easy removal and replacement by other rollers and cylinders . the mounting system provides for rapid separation of the journal from the roller or cylinder so that only the roller or cylinder is removed , and the mounting system has particular applicability with respect to ink rolls in printing machines . | 1 |
disclosed is a pharmaceutical composition comprising an amide derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a non - metallic salt lubricant , which can be used as an effective cancer cell - growth inhibitor owing to its enhanced storage stability with no quality changes over time . | 0 |
the device for feeding cigarettes , or the like , is particularly adapted for use in a machine for filling the trays intended for supplying a cigarette - packing machine . the device comprises at least one upstanding or inclined cigarette - guiding channel , which at both sides is delimited by at least one small belt , and along which the cigarettes coming , for example , from an overlying cigarette mass contained in a cigarette - feeding hopper descend in a horizontal disposition , and as a mass flow . the sides of the lower mouth of the cigarette - guiding channel are bound by two endless conveyor members consisting of rollers , or preferably of small belts , set in a facing and reciprocally shiftable relation , and which are drawn apart by the thrust of the cigarettes and are moved into a position for opening the lower mouth of the cigarette - guiding channel , these endless conveyor members being again moved by the action of suitable returning forces into a channel - mouth closing position , as soon as the said thrust ceases or decreases . | 0 |
a damper for loudspeaker is constituted by mounting tubular knitted tinsel cords through an adhesive agent of acrylic emulsions having a tackiness onto one surface of a corrugated damper body . the damper is thereby rendered easily manufacturable and highly flexible enough for restraining any breaking of the tinsel cords and improving the reliability . | 7 |
disclosed and described herein is a compound having a formula therapeutic methods , medicaments , and compositions related thereto are also disclosed . | 2 |
a method and apparatus for generating a further scanning frequency from an input scanning frequency and an output scanning frequency which is located very close to an input scanning frequency or output scanning frequency . a further scanning frequency is derived from the input scanning frequency and the output scanning frequency . scanning values of an input scanning sequence are converted by a first conversion into scanning values of a further scanning sequence with a further scanning frequency . the scanning values of the further scanning sequence are converted into scanning values of an output scanning sequence . an adaptation on one of the two conversions of the scanning frequencies is then performed and a scanning rate conversion with a predetermined ratio is performed on the other of the two conversions . phase errors and deviations of the scanning frequency , which may be contained in the further scanning sequence , are compensated for by delaying the scanning values and by performing a periodically occurring change - over process . | 7 |
apparatuses and methods for monitoring and detecting seat belt usage , having an enforcement device with an enforcement circuit board and a vehicle device with a vehicle circuit board . each of the enforcement circuit board and the vehicle circuit board has a transformer and a receiver and a pair of antennas for transmitting and receiving a first signal and a return signal . the enforcement device and the vehicle device communicate a properly fastened state or an improperly fastened state for a seat belt . | 1 |
net worth can be graphically represented as dollars versus time . a user can zoom in on a desired section of the graphical representation in order to better discern short term net worth trends . on the zoomed in image , time and or dollars may be truncated in order to show net worth trends more distinctly . the slope of the curve between two net worth points or at any single net worth can be computed and graphically displayed to a user so that the user can understand short term net worth trends an modify behavior to improve long term net worth trends . | 6 |
the present invention relates to a portable directional antenna which is equipped with a camera which is integrated into the housing of the directional antenna . in addition to the conventional documentation of the position - finding information , this integrated , installed camera makes it possible , by means of the directional antenna function , to also optically document the surroundings of the interference source with a variable level of detail , for example by way long - range or short - range capture . by way of the optical additional information thus obtained , the present invention provides a simple , but nonetheless very effective , enhanced documentation option for interference sources and the surroundings thereof . thus , during the search for radio - frequency interferences , no separate camera for capturing image information has to be brought along , and this increases the comfort for a user . the present invention further relates to a portable measurement arrangement and to a method for measuring an electromagnetic signal emitted by a source . | 6 |
a method for the carburization of a deep - drawn article or a stamped - bent article made of austenitic rustproof stainless steel includes inserting the article into an oven in a first process step and heating the article to a first temperature , wherein an oxygen containing standard atmosphere that is present in the oven is replaced by a first gas mixture , and in which the article is heated up to a second temperature in a second process step , wherein the first gas mixture is replaced by a second gas mixture , and in which the article is maintained on the second temperature in a third process step , wherein the second gas mixture is replaced by a third gas mixture , and in which the article is cooled down to a third temperature in a fourth process step , wherein the third gas mixture is replaced by a fourth gas mixture . | 2 |
the object of the present invention is a device by means of which simulation of the lengthening of shortening of , for example , a limb is obtaining by construction of a telescoping structure , the mutual sliding of which , and therefore the lengthening or shortening is controlled by means of threads that are rolled or unrolled from a disk shaped like one or more side - by - side pulleys . thanks also to the action of a counteracting spring . the movement of the spools is controlled by a circuit that registers shaking and therefore playing with the toy according to the equation , more playing = more growth . | 0 |
provided is a method and an apparatus for controlling an electric device . the apparatus includes a cabinet defining a recess , and a sensor disposed within said recess for sensing the presence of a foreign object in close proximity to the sensor . a veneer at least partially conceals the sensor disposed within said recess from view when observed from an ambient environment of the cabinet . a controller is responsive to a signal transmitted by the sensor indicative of the presence of the foreign object adjacent to the sensor to transmit a control signal for controlling operation of the electric device operatively connected to communicate with the controller . | 7 |
the device for feeding stacks of cutouts to a user machine , wherein a fork provided with a supporting plate suitable to support at least one stack of cutouts is connected to a slider that can slide along a straight guide under the action of a first motor ; the guide can rotate about an axis which is transverse to the guide under the action of a second motor which cooperates with the first motor to move the fork between a loading station , where the supporting plate arranges itself parallel to a plane for the conveyance of the stacks , and through an unloading station formed by a magazine of the user machine , wherein a stop element allows the disengagement of the supporting plate from the conveyed stack . | 1 |
a gas turbine plant including a compressor section and a turbine section housed within a multipart casing with the shafts of each section co - axial , the compressor section including a double - sided low pressure radial compressor , a high pressure radial compressor and an inter - cooler , while the turbine stage includes a first stage axial turbine on the same shaft as the compressor and at least an additional turbine stage ; a heat exchanger or regenerator being included in the turbine exhaust . | 5 |
a circuit includes a first pre - charge module , a first multiplexer module , a second pre - charge module , a second multiplexer module , a sense amplifier circuit , a third pre - charge module , an output module . the circuit is operatively coupled to a first core block and a second core block to provide the desired matching characteristics . the first core block and the second core block are memory blocks used for storing data bits for read - write operations . the circuit utilizes a unique operational coupling with one of the core blocks to provide the matching characteristics . | 6 |
apparatus for controlling the cycles of ac power supplied to a variable thermal load in response to analog signals representing the temperature of the load comprising means for quantizing the analog signals into digital signals and controlling the proportion of integral cycles of ac current blocked to those supplied to said load , while providing a uniform spacing in time of the integral cycles supplied , in accordance with said digital signals . also means are provided for modifying said digital signals in response to a predetermined average current overload . | 6 |
Integrate patches to the code from Debian | 9 |
control apparatus for an electrical load device , comprising a relay having a winding and a set of normally open contacts which are closed and opened , after short delays , upon energization and deenergization respectively of the winding , first and second switches arranged to be closed and opened in predetermined sequences , a first circuit for supplying electrical energy from a source to the winding through both the switches series , and a second circuit for supplying electrical energy to the winding and the load device from the source through one of the switches and the contacts of the relay , the second circuit connecting the contacts in parallel with the other of the switches . | 6 |
a single point detecting current sensor includes a plurality of magnetic sensor modules , wherein a magnetic sensor module is installed onto each busbars with an insulation displacement contact or is installed adjacent to each busbar , and outputs the current through a busbars measured by a magnetic sensor ; a signal collection module collecting measured signals output by the plurality of magnetic sensor modules ; and a signal interference compensation module deriving a corrected current value for which interference has been removed , by calculating the mutual interference between said busbars using the signals collected by said signal collection module . | 6 |
Release version used in Yang et al. 2023 Methods in Ecology and Evolution PiCAM is a custom-grade phenocam system designed by the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science & Technology group at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The PiCAM has the advantage of being compact, low power cost, and lightweight, particularly suitable for Arctic environments. It was desinged to operate for at least a fiscal year (6 images per day) with three AA lithium batteries. Given its compact and light-weight feature, PiCAM can be deployed on small hosts (e.g., stakes), addressing the challenges of deploying heavy infrastructure commonly needed for commercial phenocams. | 9 |
resurfaced brake discs comprise a carbon disc and a wide tape of wear resistant material applied to the periphery of the disc , the tape being cut on one or both sides of the disc to allow the tape to be folded over the wearing surface of the disc . the tape is impregnated with a curable resin and heated under pressure to form a strongly adherent friction surface on the disc . boron - containing or other additives may be added to the tape to improve friction qualities or to increase the oxidation resistance of the surface . additional resin impregnations and heat treatments may be employed to strengthen the tape surface . the method is not limited to worn brake disc but may also be employed for resurfacing new brake discs as well . | 5 |
a scanning photoelectron microscope comprises a stage on which a sample is placed in a state in which gas around the sample is present , a light source emitting light of a wavelength capable of causing photoelectrons to be emitted from the sample , an optical system for condensing the light from the light source on the sample , scanning means for scanning the sample and the light relative to each other , and detecting means capable of applying positive potential to the sample , and detecting the photoelectrons created from the sample by the condensing , through the gas . | 7 |
the present invention is an apparatus to attach a continuous sheet of flexible material , such as fabric , to pairs of elongated rigid members such as wooden slats . the flexible member is attached on each side to one of the pairs of rigid members . a table supports the apparatus and has recessed guides longitudinally located on each side of the table . a magazine holder overlays each of the guides and each magazine holds a plurality of elongated rigid members in an aligned , vertically stacked , relationship . a pair of slides advances a pair of the rigid members , one along each guide to a first drive mechanism . the first drive mechanism advances each of the pair of elongated rigid members at a constant linear speed into an attachment zone . flexible material is also guided into the attachment zone to lay atop each of the elongated rigid members . a pair of staplers , one overlaying each guide drives staples through the flexible material into the rigid members to attach the flexible material to each of the elongated rigid members . subsequent elongated rigid members are automatically advanced into the attachment zone for continuous assembly . | 1 |
disposable , pre - sterilized , and pre - calibrated , pre - validated conductivity sensors are provided . these sensors are designed to store sensor - specific information , such as calibration and production information , in a non - volatile memory chip on the sensor on in a barcode printed on the sensor the sensors are calibrated using 0100 molar potassium chloride solutions at 25 degrees celsius . these sensors may be utilize with in - line systems , closed fluid circuits , bioprocessing systems , or systems which require an aseptic environment while avoiding or reducing cleaning procedures and quality assurance variances . | 0 |
a method of providing a toy balloon with a ribbon comprising the steps of providing a toy balloon , a roll of ribbon having a free end , and a conveyor having a table portion for supporting at least a portion of the toy balloon and an adjacent recess for receiving the ribbon roll and for orienting the ribbon free end to overlie the table portion . the toy balloon is placed on the table portion and the ribbon roll is placed in the recess so as to overlie the toy balloon with the ribbon free end and securing the ribbon free end to the toy balloon . | 1 |
a method of forming a shallow trench isolation region in a silicon wafer which results in the elimination of long range slip dislocations in the wafer and reduces leakage current across the isolation regions . long shallow trenches are formed in a silicon wafer at a 45 degree angle to the plane of the wafer . this is achieved by moving the primary flat of the wafer to the plane prior to the formation of the trenches , which causes the bottom edges of the long trenches to intersect with several planes , so that stresses do not propagate along any one single plane . the trenches are then filled with an insulative material , such as oxide . | 8 |
a high pressure sodium vapor lamp contains a monolithic arc tube , the ends of which have a smaller inside diameter than has the body of the arc tube . current - supply metal members are directly sealed in the ends of the arc tube . | 7 |
The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, launched in 2021 December, enables precision measurements of the energy-dependent polarization of the X-ray emission from stellar mass and supermassive black holes. In this paper, we study the impact of the accretion disk geometry on the polarization of the thermal emission of mass-accreting stellar-mass black holes. We present a ray-tracing code that allows us to predict how the X-ray polarization energy spectra change as we dial up the thickness of the accretion disk from a geometrically thin accretion disk to a torus-shaped geometrically thick accretion disk. The results show that thicker disks can produce higher polarization degrees as the thick disk geometries lead to a larger fraction of X-rays reflecting off portions of the disk. We study the observational degeneracies between the disk shape on the one hand and the black hole spin and disk inclination on the other hand. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of our studies for black hole spin measurements. | 9 |
disclosed is an apparatus and a process for producing and viewing through the internet high - resolution images of the commonly viewed exterior surfaces of a vehicle , while maintaining the same background view for multiple images of the vehicle . the view can be selected by the operator to reduce the bandwidth required for internet viewing . the background and the imaging device are revolved around a vehicle which is maintained in fixed position between the background and the imaging device . the vehicle does not need to be rotated or moved during the imaging . | 8 |
a switching regulator includes an inductive element to provide a first voltage across the element and at least one switch to energize and de - energize the inductive element to produce an output voltage . a controller of the regulator constructs an indication of a current from the first voltage and operates the switch to regulate the output voltage in response to the indication . | 7 |
disclosed is a method of casting solidified aluminum comprising providing a body of molten aluminum ; providing means for casting solidified aluminum from said molten aluminum and providing a nozzle comprised of titanium adapted to flow molten aluminum into said means for casting said solidified aluminum . the nozzle is electrically preheated before introducing molten aluminum thereto and casting solified aluminum therefrom . | 1 |
a method of supporting a building securing one end of a support stand having a telescopic structure to a movable concrete footer . the support stand may have another end with a support assembly mounted to the telescopic structure . the method includes supporting the building with support assembly of the support stand . a support stand for a supporting a building includes tubular structure with a telescopic adjustment portion for adjusting a height of a building . a support assembly mounted to the telescopic adjustment portion , the support assembly having a support plate with a plurality of apertures in a shape configured for retaining a threaded portion of a fastening member in a stationary position while a threaded nut is rotated on the threaded portion . | 4 |
in general , in one aspect , the disclosure describes a digital network to telephone interface device having a controller capable of detecting foreign voltage faults without interrupting telephone service . upon detection of a foreign voltage fault the controller can deactivate the telephone service and initiate a test sequence to confirm the foreign voltage fault . if the fault is confirmed the telephone service remains deactivated and an operator of the digital network is notified . the device will improve the quality of service and save the cost of sending some one to investigate the fault . the operator can take proactive action once the device provides fault analysis and information remotely . | 7 |
a method for forming a soi substrate device having multiple buried oxide regions comprising the steps of ; forming a thin buried oxide layer in a silicon - containing substrate , forming a mask with openings therein on the substrate , implanting oxygen into the substrate through the openings in the mask , forming a buried oxide region in the substrate and a thermal oxide layer at the substrate surface in the mask openings by annealing , exposing the regions of the substrate that were not thermally oxidized by removing the mask , planarizing the crystalline silicon surface of the substrate by thermally oxidizing the substrate surface , removing the oxide layer from the surface of the substrate , exposing a crystalline silicon surface that has no steps between different buried oxide regions of the substrate . | 7 |
a wire printer printing head comprises a support member , a plurality of printing elements having a print wire with a flap - armature electromagnet and a sound absorbing cover . the printing element are radially and slidably mounted to the support member and adjustable to a mounting position of each printing element with respect to the support member by an eccentric pin . the sound absorbing cover composed of a core plate and sound absorbing material is secured to the support member and surrounds all printing elements . | 1 |
an environmentally friendly vegetation growth - enhancing erosion control blanket is formed from an elongated rectangular excelsior / wood wool mat . the mat is held together with threads stitched therein . when the finished blanket is placed atop the ground , the blanket serves to shield the earth area from wind and water erosion forces , without the presence of the plastic netting often used in the prior art . as the ground vegetation grows , it ultimately replaces the blanket which decomposes and furnishes the ground vegetation with a nutritive mulch . | 4 |
a conductivity measuring apparatus includes a probe base having a pair of electrodes disposed on respective opposite surfaces of a portion of the probe base . observing and grasping probes are supported by the probe base in a cantilever state and are arranged adjancent to and spaced apart from one another by a predetermined distance . the grasping probe has a pair of electrodes disposed on respective opposite surfaces of a portion of the grasping probe confronting the portion of the probe base . a voltage apparatus applies a voltage between the pairs of electrodes on the probe base and the grasping probe to adjust the predetermined distance between the grasping and observing probes . a movement mechanism moves a sample base and the observing and grasping probes relative to each other to bring conductive tips of the observing and grasping probes into contact with respective contact points on a sample supported on the sample base . a measurement apparatus measures a conductivity between the contact points on the sample on the basis of a current flow generated between the conductive tips of the observing and grasping probes . | 6 |
a multi - protocol label switching system using multiple cores . in establishing a virtual private network in a mpls system , more than one core is available . paths are established over each core separately and weights are assigned to the two routes . thus , the route which is preferred by manually configuring in advance will be chosen . | 7 |
radiation - sensitive organo - halogen compounds having a photo - labile halomethyl - 1 , 3 , 5 - triazine moiety and at least one amine - containing moiety within one molecule . the compounds serve the dual purpose of photoinitiation and polymerization acceleration , thereby eliminating the need for the use of two separate compounds . the compounds of this invention are good photoinitiators , and compositions containing them are useful in printing , duplicating , copying , and other imaging systems . | 6 |
an oil burner control system is disclosed in which recycling between a loss of combustion to re - establishment of combustion is limited by counting the number of times recycling occurs and causing a the system to stop recycling and go to lockout after the count reaches a predetermined value . | 5 |
an information processing apparatus , which performs setting of a mixture model function representing a mixture model along with adaptively adjusting the number of model components mixed in the mixture model , includes an acquisition section configured to acquire a first data sample and a second data sample , both of which are composed of multi - dimensions ; a mixture - model - function generation section configured to generate a mixture model function on the basis of the first data sample ; a mixture - model - function goodness - of - fit calculation section configured to calculate a goodness of fit for the mixture model function on the basis of the second data sample ; and a mixture - model - function update section configured to update the mixture model function so as to adjust the number of model components mixed in a mixture model , which are represented by the mixture model function , on the basis of the goodness of fit for the mixture model function . | 6 |
a method allows one to store in a parallel way branches and nodes of a hierarchy into a database by creating queues . each queue has a status and a unlock item indicating if a superior node has already been stored . a process looks up these indicators and performs according to commands received from a first process control of the queues . | 6 |
there are disclosed an apparatus and method for determining or changing a target rot for a target cell according to measurement rots from its neighbor cells in node b controlled scheduling for improving enhanced uplink dedicated channels in an asynchronous cdma communication system . the present invention proposes novel signaling procedures for the purpose of determining or changing the target rot for the target cell . | 7 |
the invention relates to an assembly system used to form insulating floors , in which two types of elements are coupled to one another , namely : hollow prismatic floor modules including one face which forms the load - supporting useful surface and containing cylindrical elements for receiving coupling elements ; and coupling elements comprising cross - shaped elements with u - sections forming the arms thereof , intended to receive the vertical faces of the floor modules , and posts which are coupled to the corresponding hollow cylindrical elements of the floor modules to be joined . the geometric configuration of the modules and the coupling elements ensure that the load on the assembled floor is transmitted to the ground through the vertical walls of the prismatic body , the coupling elements and a central cylindrical load body . the modules can be made from insulating material and be provided with a non - slip useful surface . | 4 |
a coupling joint for releasably coupling two telescoping tubular members in sealing relationship to one another , one of the tubular members being continuously urged inwardly relative to the other tubular member whereby a seal between said members may be maintained at all times . the coupling joint , which may be utilized in a valve or the like with the valve body representing one of the tubular members and a bushing representing the other of the tubular members inserted into the open end of the valve body , includes the use of a resilient ring such as an o - ring for retaining the two tubular members together , the ring being positioned in opposed grooves in the telescoped portion of the tubular members . one of the grooves on one of the tubular members is a retaining ring groove for retaining the resilient ring during assembly of the two tubular members , and the other of the grooves on the other of the tubular members is a groove having a camming surface thereon so oriented that when the grooves are opposed to one another with the resilient ring therebetween , the compressive forces in the resilient ring seeking to expand the same exert resultant forces on the tubular members to cause said tubular members to be urged toward one another . | 8 |
a highly specific monoclonal antibody , produced by a hybridoma cell has been found . a new assay , highly specific for activated protein c has been developed which will permit rapid determination of apc levels in clinical situations . | 2 |
the invention relates to methods for diagnosing a person &# 39 ; s susceptibility for having a risk for the development of alcoholism . the invention relates further to methods for treating persons diagnosed for having risk for the development of alcoholism in order to prevent the development of said condition . the invention also concerns methods to investigate or screen pharmaceuticals or genetic aims useful in the treatment of said condition , by using an animal model including a transgenic animal . | 2 |
addition compounds of 2 - or 5 - monoalkyl and 2 , 5 - dialkyl - 4 - hydroxy - 2 , 3 - dihydrofuran - 3 - ones and c 2 - c 9 carbonyl compounds are provided . these addition compounds are useful to impart improved flavouring properties to foodstuffs . | 0 |
a retainer for attaching a lid to a container in which a floral bouquet is arranged comprises a rigid shaft coupled to a flexible crossbar to form generally a t - shaped assembly . the crossbar is deformed and pushed into a groove on the underside of the lid . after that , the shaft is inserted into florist &# 39 ; s foam containing the floral arrangement so that the lid becomes a decorative and integral part of the arrangement . when the flowers have died , the retainer is removed from the lid and discarded . the empty container may be used with the lid to hold a variety of objects and things . | 0 |
a carburetor outer vent control device for use in a fuel system of a motor vehicle of the type including an outer vent provided in a float chamber of the carburetor , a charcoal canister and a fuel vapor line coupling the outer vent with the charcoal canister . the carburetor outer vent control device includes a valve means provided in the fuel vapor line which is only open when an excessive amount of fuel vapor is present in the float chamber and an engine of the motor vehicle is not running . | 5 |
BANYAN Σ is a new Bayesian algorithm to identify members of young stellar associations within 150 pc of the Sun. It includes 27 young associations with ages in the range ∼1-800 Myr, modeled with multivariate Gaussians in six-dimensional (6D) XYZUVW space. It is the first such multi-association classification tool to include the nearest sub-groups of the Sco-Cen OB star-forming region, the IC 2602, IC 2391, Pleiades and Platais 8 clusters, and the ρ Ophiuchi, Corona Australis, and Taurus star formation regions. A model of field stars is built from a mixture of multivariate Gaussians based on the Besançon Galactic model. The algorithm can derive membership probabilities for objects with only sky coordinates and proper motion, but can also include parallax and radial velocity measurements, as well as spectrophotometric distance constraints from sequences in color-magnitude or spectral type-magnitude diagrams. BANYAN Σ benefits from an analytical solution to the Bayesian marginalization integrals over unknown radial velocities and distances that makes it more accurate and significantly faster than its predecessor BANYAN II. A contamination versus hit rate analysis is presented and demonstrates that BANYAN Σ achieves a better classification performance than other moving group tools available in the literature, especially in terms of cross-contamination between young associations. An updated list of bona fide members in the 27 young associations, augmented by the Gaia-DR1 release, as well as all parameters for the 6D multivariate Gaussian models for each association and the Galactic field neighborhood within 300 pc are presented. This new tool will make it possible to analyze large data sets such as the upcoming Gaia-DR2 to identify new young stars. IDL and Python versions of BANYAN Σ are made available with this publication, and a more limited online web tool is available at <A href="http://www.exoplanetes.umontreal.ca/banyan/banyansigma.php">http://www.exoplanetes.umontreal.ca/banyan/banyansigma.php</A>. | 9 |
the treatment planning engine empowers radiation treatment decision makers , such as a physician , to efficiently identify effective radiation treatment outcomes for a given patient during the contouring stage . specifically , using the treatment planning engine , the physician may iteratively and in real - time evaluate different treatment outcomes for a patient before selecting an optimal outcome that will guide the delivery of radiation treatment to the patient . by providing real - time information as to potential toxicity and treatment efficacy during the contouring stage , the physician is empowered to make informed decisions at the preliminary contouring stage . | 0 |
an extraction and opening system of vehicle distribution box lids applicable to electric distribution boxes in vehicles of the type having an opening system by means of hinges or by means of its complete extraction , since the box has a cylindrical pin on one of its sides being introduced into the hinges arranged on the box lid . | 8 |
a method for enhancing the reliability of contacting the conductive layers in a laminated electrochromic device structure is disclosed . the laminate structure , typically fabricated in the form of a sheet , comprises : two polymer substrates ; two conductive layers — one arranged on each substate — and facing each other ; an electrochromic layer and a counter - electrode layer each arranged on different conductive layers ; and an electrolyte layer interposed between the electrochromic layer and the counter - electrode layer . either an incision with an undulating cutting depth or perforations of predetermined sizes , depths and separations are prefabricated along a desired tear line in the structure — once the final shape of the device is defined — to facilitate the tearing away of the one polymer substrate to reveal the conductive layer to be contacted on the underlying substrate . | 1 |
a paper tube consisting essentially of one or a plurality of paper tapes formed into a tube and a blend adhesive comprising two or more aqueous adhesives different in their concentrations adhering the paper tapes , its production and a package using it . in the paper tube , the adhesive can be coated into a thin film layer even at a high concentration without reducing the initial adhesive force , and the drying process after the coating can be omitted . | 1 |
the present invention relates to a method of maintaining chemical reactivity of an oxidative hair colorant in an opened flexible sachet including a reclosure element . the quality of the re - closure will strongly influence how the hair colorant will perform when using it as intended . the method according to the present invention ensures maintaining chemical reactivity by improving the quality of the re - closure by intuitively inducing safe and tight re - closure by users of such hair colorant . this is achieved by providing the sachet to the user in a configuration already in its re - closure position , while the sachet has not been opened yet . | 1 |
the invention is a removable golf cart rack for carrying articles . the article carrier includes a support rack configured to slide over a rounded base and be held in place by gravity with the base situated between horizontal bars of the article carrier . in use , the article carrier can be easily situated on the base . during non - use , the article carrier is simply lifted off of the base , providing an aesthetically pleasing and safer alternative to typical racks mounted to golf carts using hardware . | 1 |
the present invention relates to a finger toothbrush 10 wherein the bristles 16 adjacent the tip 18 of the toothbrush 10 are the shortest in height to enhance the ability of the toothbrush to fit into the narrow space between the cheek and the facial surfaces of the rear molars to provide for the maneuverability necessary to achieve the desired cleaning of the rear molars . | 0 |
a charge monitoring apparatus is mountable on or connectable to a vehicle which uses electrical power supplied from a battery on the vehicle for traveling . the charge monitoring apparatus includes a vehicle id holding portion that holds vehicle - side identification information which is uniquely allocated to each specific vehicle , a power - line communicating portion that performs a power line communication with an extravehicular apparatus through a power supply line which supplies the electric power from the external power supply equipment to the battery , a vehicle - side information storing portion that stores information produced in the vehicle , and a communication controlling portion that , in the power line communication , transmits the vehicle - side identification information held in the vehicle id holding portion to the extravehicular apparatus , and if predetermined condition is satisfied , the communication controlling portion transmits the information stored in the vehicle - side information storing portion to the extravehicular apparatus . | 8 |
a system and associated method of converting audio data from a television signal into textual data for display as a closed caption on an display device is provided . the audio data is decoded and audio speech signals are filtered from the audio data . the audio speech signals are parsed into phonemes in accordance by a speech recognition module . the parsed phonemes are grouped into words and sentences responsive to a database of words corresponding to the grouped phonemes . the words are converted into text data which is formatted for presentation on the display device as closed captioned textual data . | 6 |
a protection circuit for a power amplifier of a radio frequency transmitter includes a sensing circuit that generates a sensed signal based on an output of the power amplifier . a reference signal generator generates a reference signal . a comparator communicates with the sensing circuit and the reference signal generator and outputs a first state when the reference signal exceeds the sensed signal and a second state when the sensed signal exceeds the reference signal . a turn off circuit turns off the power amplifier when the comparator is in the second state . | 7 |
a system and method of transmitting and receiving bit serial information is disclosed . in a differential embodiment , serial bits are transmitted by a pair of line - matched differential drivers that are ac coupled to a two - conductor transmission line . a receiver is ac coupled to the line and receives the transmitted serial information via a high pass filter . the receiver includes a level - triggered latch that provides a threshold for receiving the serial information , changes state to reflect the received information , and then clamps the received information to the state of the latch . in a single - ended embodiment , the ac - coupled receiver receives the bit serial information via a high pass filter . the resistance for the filter is an active device that also provides a voltage threshold for the receiver . the received bit serial information changes the state of a device which then alters the threshold , via hysteresis , for the net bit of serial information . | 8 |
an inflatable shaded pillow for beach or other outdoor use is disclosed . an inflatable bladder is provided in any of a variety of beach or outdoor themed shapes and colors . the bladder in its inflated shape generally has a pillow base , a rear support member , and a shade providing member with the rear support member fixedly attached to the pillow base and supporting the shade member up above the head of the user . optionally , one or more cylindrical cavities for supporting a beverage container may incorporated into the shape of the base . | 0 |
plural conveying paths including guide plates are arranged on both sides of a sheet in its thickness direction , being linked from an upstream side to a downstream side in a conveying direction of the sheet . a stopper is arranged in at least one of the conveying paths to make contact with a leading edge of the sheet conveyed through the conveying paths thereby stopping the sheet and forming a bending portion at the sheet . a pair of folding rollers is arranged between the conveying paths to nip the bending portion of the sheet to form a folding line at the sheet . an adjusting member is provided on the guide plates to adjust a space between the guide plates . | 6 |
a motorized vehicle has wheels mounted on a vehicle body for undergoing rotation to cause the motorized vehicle to undergo travelling , electric motors for selectively undergoing forward and reverse rotation to rotationally drive respective ones of the wheels , brakes for applying brake forces to respective ones of the wheels , handlebars extending from the vehicle body , and turn control levers mounted on the handlebars to undergo angular movement within a range of preselected angular positions . the turn control levers are connected to respective ones of the brakes and respective ones of the electric motors so that the electric motors undergo rotation simultaneously in opposite directions in accordance with the preselected angular positions of the turn control levers to turn the motorized vehicle while the motorized does not undergo travelling . | 8 |
a method in gateway node for handling an address of a resource of a device in a communications network , the method comprising : generating a first alias representing the address of the device resource , storing the generated alias , in association with the address , receiving a request from an application including the address of the device resource , translating the address to the stored alias , and forwarding the request including the alias to the device , thereby enabling the device to resolve the request by use of the alias in said request . | 7 |
a mask in which an enclosure of an intake filtration chamber is partly or totally formed of a filtration medium so that a separate filtration medium need not be provided within the intake filtration chamber for replacement . the replacement of the filtration medium is effected by replacement of the entire intake filtration chamber . the invention provides a mask which is small in size and low in intake resistance and is free from a possible flow of contaminated air into the mask . | 0 |
the method of the invention includes the steps of positioning a support member having a substantially vertically extending recording surface thereon in the doorway for which the door is being sized , recording the contour of each side door jamb of the doorway on the recording surface by transposing the contour with a tracer mechanism having a follower adapted to be advanced along each side door jamb and a marker for recording on the surface information corresponding to the contour of the side door jamb , placing the recorded information in a cutting apparatus having means for controlling a cutter device in correspondence with the recorded information so that the cutter device is advanced along each side of the door member to cut the sides of the door to match the contours of the associated side door jambs . the apparatus of the invention consists of a vertically extending support member having a sheet of material extended vertically therealong , a centering assembly for positioning the support along the central vertical axis of the door opening , and a tracer mechanism movable along the support member and having followers adapted to engage the side door jambs whereby markers on the tracer mechanism will mark lines on the sheet of material as the tracer mechanism is advanced along the support member with the lines corresponding in contour to that of the associated side door jamb . the support member also includes adjustable means for comparing the head door jamb with horizontal . | 1 |
method and apparatus for deterring fraudulent use of a fixed wireless telephone , comprising sensing motion of the telephone with a motion sensor and preventing operation of the telephone after it has been placed in motion and until entry of a security code to reset operation of the telephone . a central facility may also be automatically notified in the event movement of the telephone is detected . | 7 |
a cmos output cell with multiple output modes is disclosed . in one embodiment , the cell drives a differential output signal on two output pads in one mode and two single - ended output signals on the two output pads in another mode . differential and single - ended driver transistors are included for this purpose . a logic circuit disables unused driver transistors , and supplies appropriate drive signals to those transistors for each mode . when disabled , the driver transistors serve an electrostatic discharge protection function , at least partially alleviating the need for esd - specific devices in the cell . the diminished need for esd - specific devices allows the cell to offer a highly flexible chip interface , with little or no increase in circuit area over a conventional cell that offers only single - ended or differential output . | 7 |
a knockdown furniture , such as a chair , comprises a series of elongated tubular members adapted to be interconnected with quick release automatically locking couplings to form a frame of the furniture . a canvas panel having end sleeves can be mounted to the frame to provide a support surface , such as a seat panel , of the furniture . pockets are provided on one side of the support panel , such as the underside of the seat panel , in order to receive the individual tubular members when the furniture is disassembled . a zipper which is provided at opposed end edges of the support panel is used to form a sleeve therewith which contains the pockets and thus the tubular members , thereby resulting in a compact storage of the dismantled furniture . | 8 |
a drug detection apparatus for identifying whether a gas sample contains an acidic gas includes a reactor having a gas inlet , a detection reagent containing an oxidant and a reductant , and a catalyst triggering a chemical adsorption with the oxidant and the reductant . a drug detection method applied to a drug detection apparatus is also disclosed . the drug detection apparatus and method can detect the acidic gases from drugs immediately , sensitively and selectively , thereby improving the efficiency of suspect inspection of drug smuggling in airports . | 8 |
methods are provided for reducing copper values for , by way of example , treating , preventing or ameliorating tissue damage such as , for example , tissue damage that may be caused by disorders of the heart muscle such as idiopathic cardiomyopathy , metabolic cardiomyopathy which includes diabetic cardiomyopathy , alcoholic cardiomyopathy , drug - induced cardiomyopathy , ischemic cardiomyopathy , and hypertensive cardiomyopathy , atheromatous disorders of the major blood vessels such as the aorta , the coronary arteries , the carotid arteries , the cerebrovascular arteries , the renal arteries , the iliac arteries , the femoral arteries , and the popliteal arteries , toxic , drug - induced , and metabolic such as the retinal arterioles , the glomerular arterioles , the vasa nervorum , cardiac arterioles , and associated capillary beds of the eye , the kidney , the heart , and the central and peripheral nervous systems , plaque rupture of atheromatous lesions of major blood vessels such as the aorta , the coronary arteries , the carotid arteries , the cerebrovascular arteries , the renal arteries , the iliac arteries , the fermoral arteries and the popliteal arteries , diabetes or the complications of diabetes . | 0 |
a brush holding apparatus for at least one carbon brush includes a support plate with at least one brush guide , a spring element constructed and arranged for urging a carbon brush having a longitudinal axis mounted in the brush guide in a direction towards a commutator or slip ring , and a retaining element constructed and arranged for retracting the carbon brush against a force exerted by the spring element or for releasing the brush . the retaining element is slidably supported by the base plate in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of a carbon brush mounted in the brush guide . | 7 |
a method of diagnosing or determining the degree of an arterial aneurysm , especially an abdominal aortic aneurysm , which comprises determining the presence or level of interleukin - 1α in a serum or plasma sample . | 6 |
an error display device is a device for displaying a translation error and an attitude error associated with a rectilinear motion of a machine element , and includes a reference - motion - trajectory display unit that displays a design motion trajectory , and an error magnification / display unit that magnifies the translation error and the attitude error and displays the magnified errors , wherein the error magnification / display unit calculates a translation error vector including a magnified translation error obtained by multiplying the translation error by a predetermined magnification factor , draws a translation error trajectory including the design motion trajectory and the translation error vector added thereto , calculates an attitude error matrix including a magnified attitude error obtained by multiplying the attitude error by a predetermined magnification factor , and draws a predetermined shape with coordinates transformed using the attitude error matrix and the translation error vector . | 1 |
a method and apparatus for transmitting a packet in a wireless communications network is presented . a packet is constructed to include synchronization header , a physical layer header , and a payload . a preamble and a start of frame delimiter are inserted in the synchronization header . multiple fixed length ternary sequences are inserted in the start of frame delimiter in an arbitrary order , and then the packet is transmitted . | 7 |
an electrostatic chuck comprises a ceramic body having a first surface and a second surface that is on an opposite side of the ceramic body to the first surface , the ceramic body comprising a through - hole between the first surface and the second surface . the electrostatic chuck further comprises a thermally conductive base that supports the ceramic body and comprises a second hole that lines up with the through - hole , wherein the second hole is to fluidly couple to a source of heat transfer gas . the electrostatic chuck further comprises a bonding layer between the ceramic body and the thermally conductive base , the bonding layer comprising a space between an opening of the through - hole on the second surface and the gas introduction path . | 8 |
a hybrid - type unit for a two - wheeled vehicle can include an engine , a motor for driving a wheel of a vehicle , a power distribution mechanism , and a generator . the generator and the motor can be disposed at different positions offset longitudinally from each other and offset from the power output shaft of the engine . | 5 |
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