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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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As part of MIT course 6S099, Artificial General Intelligence,
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:00.000
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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I've gotten the chance to sit down with Max Tegmark.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:04.200
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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He is a professor here at MIT.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:06.600
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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He's a physicist, spent a large part of his career
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:08.680
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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studying the mysteries of our cosmological universe.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:11.920
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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But he's also studied and delved into the beneficial
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:16.960
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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possibilities and the existential risks
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:20.680
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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of artificial intelligence.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:24.000
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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Amongst many other things, he is the cofounder
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:25.800
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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of the Future of Life Institute, author of two books,
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:29.040
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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both of which I highly recommend.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:33.080
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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First, Our Mathematical Universe.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:35.160
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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Second is Life 3.0.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:37.260
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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He's truly an out of the box thinker and a fun personality,
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:40.160
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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so I really enjoy talking to him.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:44.080
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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If you'd like to see more of these videos in the future,
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:45.480
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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please subscribe and also click the little bell icon
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:47.980
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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to make sure you don't miss any videos.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:50.640
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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Also, Twitter, LinkedIn, agi.mit.edu
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:52.720
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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if you wanna watch other lectures
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:56.840
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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or conversations like this one.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:00:59.600
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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Better yet, go read Max's book, Life 3.0.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:01.080
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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Chapter seven on goals is my favorite.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:04.000
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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It's really where philosophy and engineering come together
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:07.940
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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and it opens with a quote by Dostoevsky.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:10.480
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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The mystery of human existence lies not in just staying alive
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:14.400
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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but in finding something to live for.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:17.940
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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Lastly, I believe that every failure rewards us
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:20.520
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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with an opportunity to learn
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:23.920
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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and in that sense, I've been very fortunate
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:26.560
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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to fail in so many new and exciting ways
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:28.360
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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and this conversation was no different.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:31.840
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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I've learned about something called
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:34.020
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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radio frequency interference, RFI, look it up.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:36.160
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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Apparently, music and conversations
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:40.840
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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from local radio stations can bleed into the audio
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:42.960
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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that you're recording in such a way
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:45.480
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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that it almost completely ruins that audio.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:47.080
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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It's an exceptionally difficult sound source to remove.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:49.360
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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So, I've gotten the opportunity to learn
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:53.240
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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how to avoid RFI in the future during recording sessions.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:01:55.520
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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I've also gotten the opportunity to learn
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:00.200
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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how to use Adobe Audition and iZotope RX 6
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:02.680
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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to do some noise, some audio repair.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:06.240
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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Of course, this is an exceptionally difficult noise
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:11.720
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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to remove.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:14.380
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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I am an engineer.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:15.220
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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I'm not an audio engineer.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:16.280
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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Neither is anybody else in our group
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:18.240
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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but we did our best.
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:20.180
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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Nevertheless, I thank you for your patience
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:21.880
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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and I hope you're still able to enjoy this conversation.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:25.040
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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Do you think there's intelligent life
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:27.960
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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out there in the universe?
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:29.320
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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Let's open up with an easy question.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:31.360
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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I have a minority view here actually.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:33.480
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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When I give public lectures, I often ask for a show of hands
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:36.240
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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who thinks there's intelligent life out there somewhere else
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:39.440
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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and almost everyone put their hands up
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:42.920
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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and when I ask why, they'll be like,
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:45.440
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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oh, there's so many galaxies out there, there's gotta be.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:47.360
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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But I'm a numbers nerd, right?
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:51.840
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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So when you look more carefully at it,
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:54.560
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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it's not so clear at all.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:56.640
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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When we talk about our universe, first of all,
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:02:59.080
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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we don't mean all of space.
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:00.680
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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We actually mean, I don't know,
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:03.040
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
you can throw me the universe if you want,
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:04.040
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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it's behind you there.
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:05.440
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
It's, we simply mean the spherical region of space
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:07.280
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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from which light has a time to reach us so far
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https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:11.440
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
during the 14.8 billion year,
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:15.360
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
13.8 billion years since our Big Bang.
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:17.040
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
There's more space here but this is what we call a universe
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:19.320
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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because that's all we have access to.
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:22.320
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
So is there intelligent life here
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:24.040
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
that's gotten to the point of building telescopes
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:25.960
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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and computers?
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:28.920
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
My guess is no, actually.
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:31.160
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
The probability of it happening on any given planet
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:34.540
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
is some number we don't know what it is.
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:39.240
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
And what we do know is that the number can't be super high
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:42.620
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Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
because there's over a billion Earth like planets
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:48.480
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
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in the Milky Way galaxy alone,
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:50.300
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
many of which are billions of years older than Earth.
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:52.880
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
And aside from some UFO believers,
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:03:56.280
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
there isn't much evidence
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:04:00.600
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
that any superduran civilization has come here at all.
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:04:01.880
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
And so that's the famous Fermi paradox, right?
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:04:05.600
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
And then if you work the numbers,
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:04:08.440
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
what you find is that if you have no clue
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:04:10.180
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
what the probability is of getting life on a given planet,
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:04:13.440
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
so it could be 10 to the minus 10, 10 to the minus 20,
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:04:16.880
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
or 10 to the minus two, or any power of 10
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:04:19.680
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
is sort of equally likely
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:04:22.960
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
if you wanna be really open minded,
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:04:23.800
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
that translates into it being equally likely
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:04:25.480
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
that our nearest neighbor is 10 to the 16 meters away,
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:04:27.600
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
10 to the 17 meters away, 10 to the 18.
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:04:31.800
|
Max Tegmark: Life 3.0 | Lex Fridman Podcast #1
|
By the time you get much less than 10 to the 16 already,
|
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0001-large.html#00:04:35.400
|
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