Java/QTI21ServiceImpl.java

/**
 * <a href="http://www.openolat.org">
 * OpenOLAT - Online Learning and Training</a><br>
 * <p>
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); <br>
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.<br>
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at the
 * <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache homepage</a>
 * <p>
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,<br>
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, <br>
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. <br>
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and <br>
 * limitations under the License.
 * <p>
 * Initial code contributed and copyrighted by<br>
 * frentix GmbH, http://www.frentix.com
 * <p>
 */
package org.olat.ims.qti21.manager;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.net.URI;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.olat.basesecurity.IdentityRef;
import org.olat.core.commons.persistence.DB;
import org.olat.core.gui.components.form.flexible.impl.MultipartFileInfos;
import org.olat.core.helpers.Settings;
import org.olat.core.id.Identity;
import org.olat.core.id.OLATResourceable;
import org.olat.core.id.Persistable;
import org.olat.core.id.User;
import org.olat.core.logging.OLATRuntimeException;
import org.olat.core.logging.Tracing;
import org.olat.core.util.FileUtils;
import org.olat.core.util.Formatter;
import org.olat.core.util.StringHelper;
import org.olat.core.util.cache.CacheWrapper;
import org.olat.core.util.coordinate.Cacher;
import org.olat.core.util.coordinate.CoordinatorManager;
import org.olat.core.util.crypto.CryptoUtil;
import org.olat.core.util.crypto.X509CertificatePrivateKeyPair;
import org.olat.core.util.filter.FilterFactory;
import org.olat.core.util.mail.MailBundle;
import org.olat.core.util.mail.MailManager;
import org.olat.core.util.resource.OresHelper;
import org.olat.core.util.xml.XMLDigitalSignatureUtil;
import org.olat.core.util.xml.XStreamHelper;
import org.olat.fileresource.FileResourceManager;
import org.olat.fileresource.types.ImsQTI21Resource;
import org.olat.fileresource.types.ImsQTI21Resource.PathResourceLocator;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.AssessmentItemSession;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.AssessmentItemSessionRef;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.AssessmentResponse;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.AssessmentSessionAuditLogger;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.AssessmentTestHelper;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.AssessmentTestMarks;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.AssessmentTestSession;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.QTI21AssessmentResultsOptions;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.QTI21Constants;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.QTI21ContentPackage;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.QTI21DeliveryOptions;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.QTI21Module;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.QTI21Service;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.manager.audit.AssessmentSessionAuditFileLog;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.manager.audit.AssessmentSessionAuditOLog;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.model.DigitalSignatureOptions;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.model.DigitalSignatureValidation;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.model.InMemoryAssessmentItemSession;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.model.InMemoryAssessmentTestMarks;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.model.InMemoryAssessmentTestSession;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.model.ParentPartItemRefs;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.model.ResponseLegality;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.model.audit.CandidateEvent;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.model.audit.CandidateItemEventType;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.model.audit.CandidateTestEventType;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.model.jpa.AssessmentTestSessionStatistics;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.model.xml.ManifestBuilder;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.model.xml.ManifestMetadataBuilder;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.model.xml.QtiNodesExtractor;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.ui.event.DeleteAssessmentTestSessionEvent;
import org.olat.ims.qti21.ui.event.RetrieveAssessmentTestSessionEvent;
import org.olat.modules.assessment.AssessmentEntry;
import org.olat.modules.assessment.manager.AssessmentEntryDAO;
import org.olat.modules.grading.GradingAssignment;
import org.olat.modules.grading.GradingService;
import org.olat.repository.RepositoryEntry;
import org.olat.repository.RepositoryEntryRef;
import org.olat.user.UserDataDeletable;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;

import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.security.ExplicitTypePermission;

import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.JqtiExtensionManager;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.JqtiExtensionPackage;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.QtiConstants;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.node.AssessmentObject;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.node.QtiNode;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.node.result.AbstractResult;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.node.result.AssessmentResult;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.node.result.ItemResult;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.node.result.ItemVariable;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.node.result.OutcomeVariable;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.node.test.AbstractPart;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.node.test.AssessmentItemRef;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.node.test.AssessmentTest;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.notification.NotificationRecorder;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.reading.AssessmentObjectXmlLoader;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.reading.QtiObjectReadResult;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.reading.QtiObjectReader;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.reading.QtiXmlInterpretationException;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.reading.QtiXmlReader;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.resolution.ResolvedAssessmentItem;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.resolution.ResolvedAssessmentObject;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.resolution.ResolvedAssessmentTest;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.running.TestSessionController;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.serialization.QtiSerializer;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.serialization.SaxFiringOptions;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.state.AssessmentSectionSessionState;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.state.ItemSessionState;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.state.TestPartSessionState;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.state.TestPlan;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.state.TestPlanNode;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.state.TestPlanNode.TestNodeType;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.state.TestPlanNodeKey;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.state.TestSessionState;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.state.marshalling.ItemSessionStateXmlMarshaller;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.state.marshalling.TestSessionStateXmlMarshaller;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.types.Identifier;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.types.ResponseData.ResponseDataType;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.value.BooleanValue;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.value.NumberValue;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.value.RecordValue;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.value.SingleValue;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.value.Value;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.xmlutils.XmlFactories;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.xmlutils.XmlResourceNotFoundException;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.xmlutils.locators.ClassPathResourceLocator;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.xmlutils.locators.ResourceLocator;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.xmlutils.xslt.XsltSerializationOptions;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.xmlutils.xslt.XsltStylesheetCache;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.jqtiplus.xmlutils.xslt.XsltStylesheetManager;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.qtiworks.mathassess.GlueValueBinder;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.qtiworks.mathassess.MathAssessConstants;
import uk.ac.ed.ph.qtiworks.mathassess.MathAssessExtensionPackage;

/**
 * 
 * Initial date: 12.05.2015<br>
 * @author srosse, [email protected], http://www.frentix.com
 *
 */
@Service
public class QTI21ServiceImpl implements QTI21Service, UserDataDeletable, InitializingBean, DisposableBean {
	
	private static final Logger log = Tracing.createLoggerFor(QTI21ServiceImpl.class);
	
	private static XStream configXstream = XStreamHelper.createXStreamInstance();
	static {
		Class<?>[] types = new Class[] {
				QTI21DeliveryOptions.class, QTI21AssessmentResultsOptions.class
		};
		// BUG: CWE-91 XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection)
		// XStream.setupDefaultSecurity(configXstream);
		// FIXED: 
		configXstream.addPermission(new ExplicitTypePermission(types));
		
		configXstream.alias("deliveryOptions", QTI21DeliveryOptions.class);
		configXstream.alias("assessmentResultsOptions", QTI21AssessmentResultsOptions.class);
	}
	
	@Autowired
	private DB dbInstance;
	@Autowired
	private GradingService gradingService;
	@Autowired
	private AssessmentTestSessionDAO testSessionDao;
	@Autowired
	private AssessmentItemSessionDAO itemSessionDao;
	@Autowired
	private AssessmentResponseDAO testResponseDao;
	@Autowired
	private AssessmentTestMarksDAO testMarksDao;
	@Autowired
	private AssessmentEntryDAO assessmentEntryDao;
	@Autowired
	private QTI21Module qtiModule;
	@Autowired
	private CoordinatorManager coordinatorManager;
	@Autowired
	private MailManager mailManager;
	

	private JqtiExtensionManager jqtiExtensionManager;
	private XsltStylesheetManager xsltStylesheetManager;
	private InfinispanXsltStylesheetCache xsltStylesheetCache;
	private CacheWrapper<File,ResolvedAssessmentTest> assessmentTestsCache;
	private CacheWrapper<File,ResolvedAssessmentItem> assessmentItemsCache;
	private CacheWrapper<AssessmentTestSession,TestSessionController> testSessionControllersCache;
	
	private final ConcurrentMap<String,URI> resourceToTestURI = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
	
	@Autowired
	public QTI21ServiceImpl(InfinispanXsltStylesheetCache xsltStylesheetCache) {
		this.xsltStylesheetCache = xsltStylesheetCache;
	}

	@Override
	public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
    	final List<JqtiExtensionPackage<?>> extensionPackages = new ArrayList<>();

        /* Enable MathAssess extensions if requested */
        if (qtiModule.isMathAssessExtensionEnabled()) {
            log.info("Enabling the MathAssess extensions");
            extensionPackages.add(new MathAssessExtensionPackage(xsltStylesheetCache));
            extensionPackages.add(new OpenOLATExtensionPackage(xsltStylesheetCache));
        }
        jqtiExtensionManager = new JqtiExtensionManager(extensionPackages);
        xsltStylesheetManager = new XsltStylesheetManager(new ClassPathResourceLocator(), xsltStylesheetCache);
        
        jqtiExtensionManager.init();

        Cacher cacher = coordinatorManager.getInstance().getCoordinator().getCacher();
        assessmentTestsCache = cacher.getCache("QTIWorks", "assessmentTests");
        assessmentItemsCache = cacher.getCache("QTIWorks", "assessmentItems");
        testSessionControllersCache = cacher.getCache("QTIWorks", "testSessionControllers");
	}

    @Override
	public void destroy() throws Exception {
		if(jqtiExtensionManager != null) {
			jqtiExtensionManager.destroy();
		}
	}

	@Override
	public XsltStylesheetCache getXsltStylesheetCache() {
		return xsltStylesheetCache;
	}

	@Override
    public XsltStylesheetManager getXsltStylesheetManager() {
    	return xsltStylesheetManager;
    }

    @Override
    public JqtiExtensionManager jqtiExtensionManager() {
        return jqtiExtensionManager;
    }
    
    @Override
    public QtiSerializer qtiSerializer() {
        return new QtiSerializer(jqtiExtensionManager());
    }
    
    @Override
    public QtiXmlReader qtiXmlReader() {
    	return new QtiXmlReader(jqtiExtensionManager());
    }
	
	@Override
	public QTI21DeliveryOptions getDeliveryOptions(RepositoryEntry testEntry) {
		FileResourceManager frm = FileResourceManager.getInstance();
		File reFolder = frm.getFileResourceRoot(testEntry.getOlatResource());
		File configXml = new File(reFolder, PACKAGE_CONFIG_FILE_NAME);
		
		QTI21DeliveryOptions config;
		if(configXml.exists()) {
			config = (QTI21DeliveryOptions)configXstream.fromXML(configXml);
		} else {
			//set default config
			config = QTI21DeliveryOptions.defaultSettings();
			setDeliveryOptions(testEntry, config);
		}
		return config;
	}

	@Override
	public void setDeliveryOptions(RepositoryEntry testEntry, QTI21DeliveryOptions options) {
		FileResourceManager frm = FileResourceManager.getInstance();
		File reFolder = frm.getFileResourceRoot(testEntry.getOlatResource());
		File configXml = new File(reFolder, PACKAGE_CONFIG_FILE_NAME);
		if(options == null) {
			FileUtils.deleteFile(configXml);
		} else {
			try (OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(configXml)) {
				configXstream.toXML(options, out);
			} catch (IOException e) {
				log.error("", e);
			}
		}
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isAssessmentTestActivelyUsed(RepositoryEntry testEntry) {
		return testSessionDao.hasActiveTestSession(testEntry);
	}

	@Override
	public void touchCachedResolveAssessmentTest(File resourceDirectory) {
		URI assessmentObjectSystemId = createAssessmentTestUri(resourceDirectory);
		if(assessmentObjectSystemId != null) {
			assessmentTestsCache.get(resourceDirectory);
        }
	}

	@Override
	public ResolvedAssessmentTest loadAndResolveAssessmentTest(File resourceDirectory, boolean replace, boolean debugInfo) {
        URI assessmentObjectSystemId = createAssessmentTestUri(resourceDirectory);
        if(assessmentObjectSystemId == null) {
        	return null;
        }
		File resourceFile = new File(assessmentObjectSystemId);
		if(replace) {
			ResolvedAssessmentTest resolvedAssessmentTest = internalLoadAndResolveAssessmentTest(resourceDirectory, assessmentObjectSystemId);
			assessmentTestsCache.replace(resourceFile, resolvedAssessmentTest);
			return resolvedAssessmentTest;
		}
		return assessmentTestsCache.computeIfAbsent(resourceFile, file ->
	        internalLoadAndResolveAssessmentTest(resourceDirectory, assessmentObjectSystemId));
	}
	
	@Override
	public ResolvedAssessmentTest loadAndResolveAssessmentTestNoCache(File resourceDirectory) {
		URI assessmentObjectSystemId = createAssessmentTestUri(resourceDirectory);
        if(assessmentObjectSystemId == null) {
        	return null;
        }
		return  internalLoadAndResolveAssessmentTest(resourceDirectory, assessmentObjectSystemId);
	}
	
	private ResolvedAssessmentTest internalLoadAndResolveAssessmentTest(File resourceDirectory, URI assessmentObjectSystemId) {
		QtiXmlReader qtiXmlReader = new QtiXmlReader(jqtiExtensionManager());
		ResourceLocator fileResourceLocator = new PathResourceLocator(resourceDirectory.toPath());
		ResourceLocator inputResourceLocator = 
        		ImsQTI21Resource.createResolvingResourceLocator(fileResourceLocator);
        AssessmentObjectXmlLoader assessmentObjectXmlLoader = new AssessmentObjectXmlLoader(qtiXmlReader, inputResourceLocator);
        return assessmentObjectXmlLoader.loadAndResolveAssessmentTest(assessmentObjectSystemId);
	}
	
	@Override
	public ResolvedAssessmentItem loadAndResolveAssessmentItem(URI assessmentObjectSystemId, File resourceDirectory) {
		File resourceFile = new File(assessmentObjectSystemId);
		return assessmentItemsCache.computeIfAbsent(resourceFile, file -> 
	       	loadAndResolveAssessmentItemForCopy(assessmentObjectSystemId, resourceDirectory));
	}
	
	@Override
	public ResolvedAssessmentItem loadAndResolveAssessmentItemForCopy(URI assessmentObjectSystemId, File resourceDirectory) {
		QtiXmlReader qtiXmlReader = new QtiXmlReader(jqtiExtensionManager());
		ResourceLocator fileResourceLocator = new PathResourceLocator(resourceDirectory.toPath());
		ResourceLocator inputResourceLocator = 
        		ImsQTI21Resource.createResolvingResourceLocator(fileResourceLocator);
		
        AssessmentObjectXmlLoader assessmentObjectXmlLoader = new AssessmentObjectXmlLoader(qtiXmlReader, inputResourceLocator);
       	return assessmentObjectXmlLoader.loadAndResolveAssessmentItem(assessmentObjectSystemId);
	}
	
	@Override
	public boolean updateAssesmentObject(File resourceFile, ResolvedAssessmentObject<?> resolvedAssessmentObject) {
		AssessmentObject assessmentObject;
		if(resolvedAssessmentObject instanceof ResolvedAssessmentItem) {
			assessmentObject = ((ResolvedAssessmentItem)resolvedAssessmentObject)
					.getItemLookup().getRootNodeHolder().getRootNode();
		} else if(resolvedAssessmentObject instanceof ResolvedAssessmentTest) {
			assessmentObject = ((ResolvedAssessmentTest)resolvedAssessmentObject)
					.getTestLookup().getRootNodeHolder().getRootNode();
		} else {
			return false;
		}
		return persistAssessmentObject(resourceFile, assessmentObject);
	}

	@Override
	public boolean persistAssessmentObject(File resourceFile, AssessmentObject assessmentObject) {
		try(FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(resourceFile)) {
			final XsltSerializationOptions xsltSerializationOptions = new XsltSerializationOptions();
	        xsltSerializationOptions.setIndenting(false);	
			qtiSerializer().serializeJqtiObject(assessmentObject, new StreamResult(out), new SaxFiringOptions(), xsltSerializationOptions);
			assessmentTestsCache.remove(resourceFile);
			assessmentItemsCache.remove(resourceFile);
			return true;
		} catch(Exception e) {
			log.error("", e);
			return false;
		}
	}
	
	@Override
	public boolean needManualCorrection(RepositoryEntry testEntry) {
		FileResourceManager frm = FileResourceManager.getInstance();
		File fUnzippedDirRoot = frm.unzipFileResource(testEntry.getOlatResource());
		ResolvedAssessmentTest resolvedAssessmentTest = loadAndResolveAssessmentTest(fUnzippedDirRoot, false, false);
		return AssessmentTestHelper.needManualCorrection(resolvedAssessmentTest);
	}

	@Override
	public URI createAssessmentTestUri(final File resourceDirectory) {
		final String key = resourceDirectory.getAbsolutePath();
		try {
			return resourceToTestURI.computeIfAbsent(key, directoryAbsolutPath -> {
				File manifestPath = new File(resourceDirectory, "imsmanifest.xml");
				QTI21ContentPackage	cp = new QTI21ContentPackage(manifestPath.toPath());
				try {
					Path testPath = cp.getTest();
					return testPath.toUri();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					log.error("Error reading this QTI 2.1 manifest: " + manifestPath, e);
					return null;
				}
			});
		} catch (RuntimeException e) {
			log.error("Error reading this QTI 2.1 manifest: " + resourceDirectory, e);
			return null;
		}
	}

	@Override
	public int deleteUserDataPriority() {
		// delete with high priority
		return 850;
	}

	@Override
	public void deleteUserData(Identity identity, String newDeletedUserName) {
		List<AssessmentTestSession> sessions = testSessionDao.getAllUserTestSessions(identity);
		for(AssessmentTestSession session:sessions) {
			testSessionDao.deleteTestSession(session);
		}
	}

	@Override
	public boolean deleteAssessmentTestSession(List<Identity> identities, RepositoryEntryRef testEntry, RepositoryEntryRef entry, String subIdent) {
		log.info(Tracing.M_AUDIT, "Delete assessment sessions for test: {} in course: {} element: {}", testEntry, entry, subIdent);

		boolean gradingEnabled = gradingService.isGradingEnabled(testEntry, null);
		Set<AssessmentEntry> entries = new HashSet<>();
		for(Identity identity:identities) {
			List<AssessmentTestSession> sessions = testSessionDao.getTestSessions(testEntry, entry, subIdent, identity);
			for(AssessmentTestSession session:sessions) {
				if(session.getAssessmentEntry() != null) {
					entries.add(session.getAssessmentEntry());
				}
				File fileStorage = testSessionDao.getSessionStorage(session);
				testSessionDao.deleteTestSession(session);
				FileUtils.deleteDirsAndFiles(fileStorage, true, true);
				
				OLATResourceable sessionOres = OresHelper.createOLATResourceableInstance(AssessmentTestSession.class, session.getKey());
				coordinatorManager.getCoordinator().getEventBus()
					.fireEventToListenersOf(new DeleteAssessmentTestSessionEvent(session.getKey()), sessionOres);
			}
		}
		
		for(AssessmentEntry assessmentEntry:entries) {
			assessmentEntryDao.resetAssessmentEntry(assessmentEntry);
			if(gradingEnabled) {
				deactivateGradingAssignment(testEntry, assessmentEntry);
			}
		}
		return true;
	}
	
	private void deactivateGradingAssignment(RepositoryEntryRef testEntry, AssessmentEntry assessmentEntry) {
		GradingAssignment assignment = gradingService.getGradingAssignment(testEntry, assessmentEntry);
		if(assignment != null) {
			gradingService.deactivateAssignment(assignment);
		}
	}

	@Override
	public boolean deleteAuthorsAssessmentTestSession(RepositoryEntryRef testEntry) {
		log.info(Tracing.M_AUDIT, "Delete author assessment sessions for test: {}", testEntry);
		List<AssessmentTestSession> sessions = testSessionDao.getAuthorAssessmentTestSession(testEntry);
		for(AssessmentTestSession session:sessions) {
			File fileStorage = testSessionDao.getSessionStorage(session);
			testSessionDao.deleteTestSession(session);
			FileUtils.deleteDirsAndFiles(fileStorage, true, true);
			
			OLATResourceable sessionOres = OresHelper.createOLATResourceableInstance(AssessmentTestSession.class, session.getKey());
			coordinatorManager.getCoordinator().getEventBus()
				.fireEventToListenersOf(new DeleteAssessmentTestSessionEvent(session.getKey()), sessionOres);
		}
		dbInstance.commit();// make sure it's flushed on the database 
		return true;
	}
	
	@Override
	public boolean deleteAuthorAssessmentTestSession(RepositoryEntryRef testEntry, AssessmentTestSession session) {
		log.info(Tracing.M_AUDIT, "Delete author assessment sessions for test: {}", testEntry);
		File fileStorage = testSessionDao.getSessionStorage(session);
		testSessionDao.deleteTestSession(session);
		FileUtils.deleteDirsAndFiles(fileStorage, true, true);
		dbInstance.commit();// make sure it's flushed on the database 
		return true;
	}
	
	@Override
	public boolean deleteAssessmentTestSession(AssessmentTestSession testSession) {
		if(testSession == null || testSession.getKey() == null) return false;
		int rows = testSessionDao.deleteTestSession(testSession);
		return rows > 0;
	}

	@Override
	public File getAssessmentSessionAuditLogFile(AssessmentTestSession session) {
		File userStorage = testSessionDao.getSessionStorage(session);
		return new File(userStorage, "audit.log");
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentSessionAuditLogger getAssessmentSessionAuditLogger(AssessmentTestSession session, boolean authorMode) {
		if(authorMode) {
			return new AssessmentSessionAuditOLog();
		}
		if(session.getIdentity() == null && StringHelper.containsNonWhitespace(session.getAnonymousIdentifier())) {
			return new AssessmentSessionAuditOLog();
		}
		try {
			File auditLog = getAssessmentSessionAuditLogFile(session);
			FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(auditLog, true);
			return new AssessmentSessionAuditFileLog(outputStream);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			log.error("Cannot open the user specific log audit, fall back to OLog", e);
			return new AssessmentSessionAuditOLog();
		}
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentTestSession createAssessmentTestSession(Identity identity, String anonymousIdentifier,
			AssessmentEntry assessmentEntry,  RepositoryEntry entry, String subIdent, RepositoryEntry testEntry,
			Integer compensationExtraTime, boolean authorMode) {
		return testSessionDao.createAndPersistTestSession(testEntry, entry, subIdent, assessmentEntry,
				identity, anonymousIdentifier, compensationExtraTime, authorMode);
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentTestSession createInMemoryAssessmentTestSession(Identity identity) {
		InMemoryAssessmentTestSession candidateSession = new InMemoryAssessmentTestSession();
		candidateSession.setIdentity(identity);
		candidateSession.setStorage(testSessionDao.createSessionStorage(candidateSession));
		return candidateSession;
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentTestSession getResumableAssessmentTestSession(Identity identity, String anonymousIdentifier,
			RepositoryEntry entry, String subIdent, RepositoryEntry testEntry, boolean authorMode) {
		AssessmentTestSession session = testSessionDao.getLastTestSession(testEntry, entry, subIdent, identity, anonymousIdentifier, authorMode);
		if(session == null || session.isExploded() || session.getFinishTime() != null || session.getTerminationTime() != null) {
			session = null;
		} else {
			File sessionFile = getTestSessionStateFile(session);
			if(!sessionFile.exists()) {
				session = null;
			}
		}
		return session;
	}
	
	@Override
	public AssessmentTestSession getResumableAssessmentItemsSession(Identity identity, String anonymousIdentifier,
			RepositoryEntry entry, String subIdent, RepositoryEntry testEntry, boolean authorMode) {
		AssessmentTestSession session = testSessionDao.getLastTestSession(testEntry, entry, subIdent, identity, anonymousIdentifier, authorMode);
		if(session == null || session.isExploded() || session.getFinishTime() != null || session.getTerminationTime() != null) {
			session = null;
		}
		return session;
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentTestSession reloadAssessmentTestSession(AssessmentTestSession session) {
		if(session == null) return null;
		if(session.getKey() == null) return session;
		return testSessionDao.loadByKey(session.getKey());
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentTestSession recalculateAssessmentTestSessionScores(Long sessionKey) {
		dbInstance.commit();
		
		//fresh and lock by the identity assessmentItem controller
		AssessmentTestSession candidateSession = getAssessmentTestSession(sessionKey);

		BigDecimal totalScore = BigDecimal.valueOf(0l);
		BigDecimal totalManualScore = BigDecimal.valueOf(0l);
		List<AssessmentItemSession> itemResults = itemSessionDao.getAssessmentItemSessions(candidateSession);
		for(AssessmentItemSession itemResult:itemResults) {
			if(itemResult.getManualScore() != null) {
				totalManualScore = totalManualScore.add(itemResult.getManualScore());
			} else if(itemResult.getScore() != null) {
				totalScore = totalScore.add(itemResult.getScore());
			}
		}
		candidateSession.setScore(totalScore);
		candidateSession.setManualScore(totalManualScore);
		return testSessionDao.update(candidateSession);
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentTestSession updateAssessmentTestSession(AssessmentTestSession session) {
		return testSessionDao.update(session);
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentTestSession getAssessmentTestSession(Long assessmentTestSessionKey) {
		return testSessionDao.loadFullByKey(assessmentTestSessionKey);
	}

	@Override
	public List<AssessmentTestSession> getAssessmentTestSessions(RepositoryEntryRef courseEntry, String subIdent,
			IdentityRef identity, boolean onlyValid) {
		return testSessionDao.getUserTestSessions(courseEntry, subIdent, identity, onlyValid);
	}

	@Override
	public List<AssessmentTestSessionStatistics> getAssessmentTestSessionsStatistics(RepositoryEntryRef courseEntry, String subIdent,
			IdentityRef identity, boolean onlyValid) {
		return testSessionDao.getUserTestSessionsStatistics(courseEntry, subIdent, identity, onlyValid);
	}
	
	@Override
	public AssessmentTestSession getLastAssessmentTestSessions(RepositoryEntryRef courseEntry, String subIdent,
			RepositoryEntry testEntry, IdentityRef identity) {
		return testSessionDao.getLastUserTestSession(courseEntry, subIdent, testEntry, identity);
	}

	@Override
	public List<AssessmentTestSession> getAssessmentTestSessions(RepositoryEntryRef courseEntry, String subIdent, RepositoryEntry testEntry) {
		return testSessionDao.getTestSessions(courseEntry, subIdent, testEntry);
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isRunningAssessmentTestSession(RepositoryEntry entry, String subIdent, RepositoryEntry testEntry, List<? extends IdentityRef> identities) {
		return testSessionDao.hasRunningTestSessions(entry, subIdent, testEntry, identities);
	}
	
	@Override
	public boolean isRunningAssessmentTestSession(RepositoryEntry entry, List<String> subIdents, List<? extends IdentityRef> identities) {
		return testSessionDao.hasRunningTestSessions(entry, subIdents, identities);
	}

	@Override
	public List<AssessmentTestSession> getRunningAssessmentTestSession(RepositoryEntryRef entry, String subIdent, RepositoryEntry testEntry) {
		return testSessionDao.getRunningTestSessions(entry, subIdent, testEntry);
	}

	@Override
	public TestSessionState loadTestSessionState(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession) {
        Document document = loadStateDocument(candidateSession);
        return document == null ? null: TestSessionStateXmlMarshaller.unmarshal(document.getDocumentElement());
    }
	
    private Document loadStateDocument(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession) {
        File sessionFile = getTestSessionStateFile(candidateSession);
        return loadStateDocument(sessionFile);
    }
    
    @Override
	public ItemSessionState loadItemSessionState(AssessmentTestSession session, AssessmentItemSession itemSession) {
        Document document = loadStateDocument(session, itemSession);
        return document == null ? null: ItemSessionStateXmlMarshaller.unmarshal(document.getDocumentElement());
	}
    
    private Document loadStateDocument(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, AssessmentItemSession itemSession) {
        File sessionFile = getItemSessionStateFile(candidateSession, itemSession);
        return loadStateDocument(sessionFile);
    }
    
    private Document loadStateDocument(File sessionFile) {
        if(sessionFile.exists()) {
	        try {
		        DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = XmlFactories.newDocumentBuilder();
	            return documentBuilder.parse(sessionFile);
	        } catch (final Exception e) {
	        	return loadFilteredStateDocument(sessionFile);
	        }
        }
        return null;
    }

	private Document loadFilteredStateDocument(File sessionFile) {
    		try(InputStream in = new FileInputStream(sessionFile)) {
    			String xmlContent = IOUtils.toString(in, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
    			String filteredContent = FilterFactory.getXMLValidEntityFilter().filter(xmlContent);
	        DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = XmlFactories.newDocumentBuilder();
            return documentBuilder.parse(new InputSource(new StringReader(filteredContent)));
        } catch (final Exception e) {
        		throw new OLATRuntimeException("Could not parse serialized state XML. This is an internal error as we currently don't expose this data to clients", e);
        }
    }

	@Override
	public AssessmentTestMarks getMarks(Identity identity, RepositoryEntry entry, String subIdent, RepositoryEntry testEntry) {
		return testMarksDao.loadTestMarks(testEntry, entry, subIdent, identity);
	}
	
	@Override
	public AssessmentTestMarks createMarks(Identity identity, RepositoryEntry entry, String subIdent, RepositoryEntry testEntry, String marks) {
		return testMarksDao.createAndPersistTestMarks(testEntry, entry, subIdent, identity, marks);
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentTestMarks updateMarks(AssessmentTestMarks marks) {
		if(marks instanceof InMemoryAssessmentTestMarks) {
			return marks;
		}
		return testMarksDao.merge(marks);
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentItemSession getOrCreateAssessmentItemSession(AssessmentTestSession assessmentTestSession, ParentPartItemRefs parentParts, String assessmentItemIdentifier) {
		AssessmentItemSession itemSession;
		if(assessmentTestSession instanceof Persistable) {
			itemSession = itemSessionDao.getAssessmentItemSession(assessmentTestSession, assessmentItemIdentifier);
			if(itemSession == null) {
				itemSession = itemSessionDao.createAndPersistAssessmentItemSession(assessmentTestSession, parentParts, assessmentItemIdentifier);
			}
		} else {
			itemSession = new InMemoryAssessmentItemSession(assessmentTestSession, assessmentItemIdentifier);
		}
		return itemSession;
	}
	
	@Override
	public AssessmentItemSession updateAssessmentItemSession(AssessmentItemSession itemSession) {
		return itemSessionDao.merge(itemSession);
	}

	@Override
	public List<AssessmentItemSession> getAssessmentItemSessions(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession) {
		return itemSessionDao.getAssessmentItemSessions(candidateSession);
	}

	@Override
	public List<AssessmentItemSession> getAssessmentItemSessions(RepositoryEntryRef courseEntry, String subIdent, RepositoryEntry testEntry, String itemRef) {
		return itemSessionDao.getAssessmentItemSessions(courseEntry, subIdent, testEntry, itemRef);
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentItemSession getAssessmentItemSession(AssessmentItemSessionRef candidateSession) {
		if(candidateSession == null) return null;
		return itemSessionDao.loadByKey(candidateSession.getKey());
	}

	@Override
	public int setAssessmentItemSessionReviewFlag(RepositoryEntryRef courseEntry, String subIdent, RepositoryEntry testEntry, String itemRef, boolean toReview) {
		int rows = itemSessionDao.setAssessmentItemSessionReviewFlag(courseEntry, subIdent, testEntry, itemRef, toReview);
		dbInstance.commit();
		return rows;
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentResponse createAssessmentResponse(AssessmentTestSession assessmentTestSession, AssessmentItemSession assessmentItemSession, String responseIdentifier,
			ResponseLegality legality, ResponseDataType type) {
		return testResponseDao.createAssessmentResponse(assessmentTestSession, assessmentItemSession,
				responseIdentifier, legality, type);
	}
	
	@Override
	public Map<Identifier, AssessmentResponse> getAssessmentResponses(AssessmentItemSession assessmentItemSession) {
		List<AssessmentResponse> responses = testResponseDao.getResponses(assessmentItemSession);
		Map<Identifier, AssessmentResponse> responseMap = new HashMap<>();
		for(AssessmentResponse response:responses) {
			responseMap.put(Identifier.assumedLegal(response.getResponseIdentifier()), response);
		}
		return responseMap;
	}

	@Override
	public void recordTestAssessmentResponses(AssessmentItemSession itemSession, Collection<AssessmentResponse> responses) {
		if(itemSession instanceof Persistable) {
			testResponseDao.save(responses);
			itemSessionDao.merge(itemSession);
		}
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentTestSession recordTestAssessmentResult(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, TestSessionState testSessionState,
			AssessmentResult assessmentResult, AssessmentSessionAuditLogger auditLogger) {
		// First record full result XML to filesystem
		if(candidateSession.getFinishTime() == null) {
			storeAssessmentResultFile(candidateSession, assessmentResult);
		}
        // Then record test outcome variables to DB
        recordOutcomeVariables(candidateSession, assessmentResult.getTestResult(), auditLogger);
        // Set duration
        candidateSession.setDuration(testSessionState.getDurationAccumulated());

		if(candidateSession instanceof Persistable) {
			return testSessionDao.update(candidateSession);
		}
		return candidateSession;
	}
	
	@Override
	public void signAssessmentResult(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, DigitalSignatureOptions signatureOptions, Identity assessedIdentity) {
		if(!qtiModule.isDigitalSignatureEnabled() || signatureOptions == null || !signatureOptions.isDigitalSignature()) return;//nothing to do
		
		try {
			File resultFile = getAssessmentResultFile(candidateSession);
			File signatureFile = new File(resultFile.getParentFile(), "assessmentResultSignature.xml");
			File certificateFile = qtiModule.getDigitalSignatureCertificateFile();
			X509CertificatePrivateKeyPair kp =CryptoUtil.getX509CertificatePrivateKeyPairPfx(
					certificateFile, qtiModule.getDigitalSignatureCertificatePassword());
			
			StringBuilder uri = new StringBuilder();
			uri.append(Settings.getServerContextPathURI()).append("/")
			   .append("RepositoryEntry/").append(candidateSession.getRepositoryEntry().getKey());
			if(StringHelper.containsNonWhitespace(candidateSession.getSubIdent())) {
				uri.append("/CourseNode/").append(candidateSession.getSubIdent());
			}
			uri.append("/TestSession/").append(candidateSession.getKey())
			   .append("/assessmentResult.xml");
			Document signatureDoc = createSignatureDocumentWrapper(uri.toString(), assessedIdentity, signatureOptions);
			
			XMLDigitalSignatureUtil.signDetached(uri.toString(), resultFile, signatureFile, signatureDoc,
					certificateFile.getName(), kp.getX509Cert(), kp.getPrivateKey());
			
			if(signatureOptions.isDigitalSignature() && signatureOptions.getMailBundle() != null) {
				MailBundle mail = signatureOptions.getMailBundle();
				List<File> attachments = new ArrayList<>(2);
				attachments.add(signatureFile);
				mail.getContent().setAttachments(attachments);
				mailManager.sendMessageAsync(mail);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			log.error("", e);
		}
	}
	
	private Document createSignatureDocumentWrapper(String url, Identity assessedIdentity, DigitalSignatureOptions signatureOptions) {
		try {
			Document signatureDocument = XMLDigitalSignatureUtil.createDocument();
			Node rootNode = signatureDocument.appendChild(signatureDocument.createElement("assessmentTestSignature"));
			Node urlNode = rootNode.appendChild(signatureDocument.createElement("url"));
			urlNode.appendChild(signatureDocument.createTextNode(url));
			Node dateNode = rootNode.appendChild(signatureDocument.createElement("date"));
			dateNode.appendChild(signatureDocument.createTextNode(Formatter.formatDatetime(new Date())));

			if(signatureOptions.getEntry() != null) {
				Node courseNode = rootNode.appendChild(signatureDocument.createElement("course"));
				courseNode.appendChild(signatureDocument.createTextNode(signatureOptions.getEntry().getDisplayname()));
			}
			if(signatureOptions.getSubIdentName() != null) {
				Node courseNodeNode = rootNode.appendChild(signatureDocument.createElement("courseNode"));
				courseNodeNode.appendChild(signatureDocument.createTextNode(signatureOptions.getSubIdentName()));
			}
			if(signatureOptions.getTestEntry() != null) {
				Node testNode = rootNode.appendChild(signatureDocument.createElement("test"));
				testNode.appendChild(signatureDocument.createTextNode(signatureOptions.getTestEntry().getDisplayname()));
			}
			
			if(assessedIdentity != null && assessedIdentity.getUser() != null) {
				User user = assessedIdentity.getUser();
				Node firstNameNode = rootNode.appendChild(signatureDocument.createElement("firstName"));
				firstNameNode.appendChild(signatureDocument.createTextNode(user.getFirstName()));
				Node lastNameNode = rootNode.appendChild(signatureDocument.createElement("lastName"));
				lastNameNode.appendChild(signatureDocument.createTextNode(user.getLastName()));
			}

			return signatureDocument;
		} catch ( Exception e) {
			log.error("", e);
			return null;
		}
	}

	@Override
	public DigitalSignatureValidation validateAssessmentResult(File xmlSignature) {
		try {
			Document signature = XMLDigitalSignatureUtil.getDocument(xmlSignature);
			String uri = XMLDigitalSignatureUtil.getReferenceURI(signature);
			//URI looks like: http://localhost:8081/olat/RepositoryEntry/688455680/CourseNode/95134692149905/TestSession/3231/assessmentResult.xml
			String keyName = XMLDigitalSignatureUtil.getKeyName(signature);
			
			int end = uri.indexOf("/assessmentResult");
			if(end <= 0) {
				return new DigitalSignatureValidation(DigitalSignatureValidation.Message.sessionNotFound, false);
			}
			int start = uri.lastIndexOf('/', end - 1);
			if(start <= 0) {
				return new DigitalSignatureValidation(DigitalSignatureValidation.Message.sessionNotFound, false);
			}
			String testSessionKey = uri.substring(start + 1, end);
			AssessmentTestSession testSession = getAssessmentTestSession(Long.valueOf(testSessionKey));
			if(testSession == null) {
				return new DigitalSignatureValidation(DigitalSignatureValidation.Message.sessionNotFound, false);
			}
			
			File assessmentResult = getAssessmentResultFile(testSession);
			File certificateFile = qtiModule.getDigitalSignatureCertificateFile();
			
			X509CertificatePrivateKeyPair kp = null;
			if(keyName != null && keyName.equals(certificateFile.getName())) {
				kp = CryptoUtil.getX509CertificatePrivateKeyPairPfx(
						certificateFile, qtiModule.getDigitalSignatureCertificatePassword());
			} else if(keyName != null) {
				File olderCertificateFile = new File(certificateFile.getParentFile(), keyName);
				if(olderCertificateFile.exists()) {
					kp = CryptoUtil.getX509CertificatePrivateKeyPairPfx(
							olderCertificateFile, qtiModule.getDigitalSignatureCertificatePassword());
				}
			}
				
			if(kp == null) {
				// validate document against signature
				if(XMLDigitalSignatureUtil.validate(uri, assessmentResult, xmlSignature)) {
					return new DigitalSignatureValidation(DigitalSignatureValidation.Message.validItself, true);
				}
			} else if(XMLDigitalSignatureUtil.validate(uri, assessmentResult, xmlSignature, kp.getX509Cert().getPublicKey())) {
				// validate document against signature but use the public key of the certificate
				return new DigitalSignatureValidation(DigitalSignatureValidation.Message.validCertificate, true);
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			log.error("", e);
		}
		return new DigitalSignatureValidation(DigitalSignatureValidation.Message.notValid, false);
	}

	@Override
	public File getAssessmentResultSignature(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession) {
		File resultFile = getAssessmentResultFile(candidateSession);
		File signatureFile = new File(resultFile.getParentFile(), "assessmentResultSignature.xml");
		return signatureFile.exists() ? signatureFile : null;
	}

	@Override
	public Date getAssessmentResultSignatureIssueDate(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession) {
		Date issueDate = null;
		File signatureFile = null;
		try {
			signatureFile = getAssessmentResultSignature(candidateSession);
			if(signatureFile != null) {
				Document doc = XMLDigitalSignatureUtil.getDocument(signatureFile);
				if(doc != null) {
					String date = XMLDigitalSignatureUtil.getElementText(doc, "date");
					if(StringHelper.containsNonWhitespace(date)) {
						issueDate = Formatter.parseDatetime(date);
					}
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			log.error("Cannot read the issue date of the signature: " + signatureFile, e);
		}
		return issueDate;
	}

	@Override
	public void extraTimeAssessmentTestSession(AssessmentTestSession session, int extraTime, Identity actor) {
		testSessionDao.extraTime(session, extraTime);
		dbInstance.commit();//commit before event
		
		AssessmentSessionAuditLogger candidateAuditLogger = getAssessmentSessionAuditLogger(session, false);
		candidateAuditLogger.logTestExtend(session, extraTime, false, actor);
		
		RetrieveAssessmentTestSessionEvent event = new RetrieveAssessmentTestSessionEvent(session.getKey());
		OLATResourceable sessionOres = OresHelper.createOLATResourceableInstance(AssessmentTestSession.class, session.getKey());
		coordinatorManager.getCoordinator().getEventBus().fireEventToListenersOf(event, sessionOres);
	}
	
	@Override
	public void compensationExtraTimeAssessmentTestSession(AssessmentTestSession session, int extraTime, Identity actor) {
		testSessionDao.compensationExtraTime(session, extraTime);
		dbInstance.commit();//commit before event
		
		AssessmentSessionAuditLogger candidateAuditLogger = getAssessmentSessionAuditLogger(session, false);
		candidateAuditLogger.logTestExtend(session, extraTime, true, actor);
		
		RetrieveAssessmentTestSessionEvent event = new RetrieveAssessmentTestSessionEvent(session.getKey());
		OLATResourceable sessionOres = OresHelper.createOLATResourceableInstance(AssessmentTestSession.class, session.getKey());
		coordinatorManager.getCoordinator().getEventBus().fireEventToListenersOf(event, sessionOres);
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentTestSession reopenAssessmentTestSession(AssessmentTestSession session, Identity actor) {

		AssessmentTestSession reloadedSession = testSessionDao.loadByKey(session.getKey());

		//update the XML test session state
		TestSessionState testSessionState = loadTestSessionState(reloadedSession);
		testSessionState.setEndTime(null);
		testSessionState.setExitTime(null);

		TestPlanNodeKey lastEntryItemKey = null;
		ItemSessionState lastEntryItemSessionState = null;
		for(Map.Entry<TestPlanNodeKey, ItemSessionState> entry:testSessionState.getItemSessionStates().entrySet()) {
			ItemSessionState itemSessionState = entry.getValue();
			if(itemSessionState.getEntryTime() != null &&
					(lastEntryItemSessionState == null || itemSessionState.getEntryTime().after(lastEntryItemSessionState.getEntryTime()))) {
				lastEntryItemKey = entry.getKey();
				lastEntryItemSessionState = itemSessionState;
			}
		}

		if(lastEntryItemKey != null) {
			TestPlan plan = testSessionState.getTestPlan();
			TestPlanNode lastItem = plan.getNode(lastEntryItemKey);
			TestPlanNodeKey partKey = reopenTestPart(lastItem, testSessionState);
			resumeItem(lastEntryItemKey, testSessionState);
			
			//if all the elements are started again, allow to reopen the test
			if(partKey != null) {
				testSessionState.setCurrentTestPartKey(partKey);
				testSessionState.setCurrentItemKey(lastEntryItemKey);
				storeTestSessionState(reloadedSession, testSessionState);
				
				reloadedSession.setFinishTime(null);
				reloadedSession.setTerminationTime(null);
				reloadedSession = testSessionDao.update(reloadedSession);
				
				AssessmentSessionAuditLogger candidateAuditLogger = getAssessmentSessionAuditLogger(session, false);
				candidateAuditLogger.logTestReopen(session, actor);
				
				RetrieveAssessmentTestSessionEvent event = new RetrieveAssessmentTestSessionEvent(session.getKey());
				OLATResourceable sessionOres = OresHelper.createOLATResourceableInstance(AssessmentTestSession.class, session.getKey());
				coordinatorManager.getCoordinator().getEventBus().fireEventToListenersOf(event, sessionOres);
				
				// remove session controllers from multi-window cache
				testSessionControllersCache.remove(reloadedSession);
				
				return reloadedSession;
			}
		}
		return null;
	}
	
	private void resumeItem(TestPlanNodeKey lastEntryItemKey, TestSessionState testSessionState) {
		TestPlan plan = testSessionState.getTestPlan();
		
		Date now = new Date();
		for(TestPlanNode currentNode = plan.getNode(lastEntryItemKey); currentNode != null; currentNode = currentNode.getParent()) {
			TestNodeType type = currentNode.getTestNodeType();
			TestPlanNodeKey currentNodeKey = currentNode.getKey();
			switch(type) {
				case TEST_PART: {
					TestPartSessionState state = testSessionState.getTestPartSessionStates().get(currentNodeKey);
					if(state != null) {
						state.setDurationIntervalStartTime(now);
					}
					break;
				}
				case ASSESSMENT_SECTION: {
					AssessmentSectionSessionState sessionState = testSessionState.getAssessmentSectionSessionStates().get(currentNodeKey);
					if(sessionState != null) {
						sessionState.setDurationIntervalStartTime(now);
					}
					break;
				}
				case ASSESSMENT_ITEM_REF: {
					ItemSessionState itemState = testSessionState.getItemSessionStates().get(currentNodeKey);
					if(itemState != null) {
						itemState.setDurationIntervalStartTime(now);
					}
					break;
				}
				default: {
					//root doesn't match any session state
					break;
				}
			}
		}
	}
	
	private TestPlanNodeKey reopenTestPart(TestPlanNode lastItem, TestSessionState testSessionState) {
		TestPlan plan = testSessionState.getTestPlan();
		List<TestPlanNode> testPartNodes = lastItem.searchAncestors(TestNodeType.TEST_PART);
		if(testPartNodes.isEmpty()) {
			return null;
		}
		
		//reopen the test part of the selected item
		TestPlanNode partNode = testPartNodes.get(0);
		TestPlanNodeKey partKey = partNode.getKey();
		TestPartSessionState partState = testSessionState.getTestPartSessionStates().get(partKey);
		partState.setEndTime(null);
		partState.setExitTime(null);
		
		//reopen all sections the test part
		for(Map.Entry<TestPlanNodeKey,AssessmentSectionSessionState> sectionEntry:testSessionState.getAssessmentSectionSessionStates().entrySet()) {
			TestPlanNodeKey sectionKey = sectionEntry.getKey();
			TestPlanNode sectionNode = plan.getNode(sectionKey);
			if(sectionNode.hasAncestor(partNode)) {
				AssessmentSectionSessionState sectionState = sectionEntry.getValue();
				sectionState.setEndTime(null);
				sectionState.setExitTime(null);
			}
		}

		//reopen all items the test part
		for(Map.Entry<TestPlanNodeKey, ItemSessionState> itemEntry:testSessionState.getItemSessionStates().entrySet()) {
			TestPlanNodeKey itemKey = itemEntry.getKey();
			TestPlanNode itemNode = plan.getNode(itemKey);
			if(itemNode.hasAncestor(partNode)) {
				ItemSessionState itemState = itemEntry.getValue();
				itemState.setEndTime(null);
				itemState.setExitTime(null);
			}
		}
		return partKey;
	}

	@Override
	public AssessmentTestSession finishTestSession(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, TestSessionState testSessionState, AssessmentResult assessmentResult,
			Date timestamp, DigitalSignatureOptions digitalSignature, Identity assessedIdentity) {
		/* Mark session as finished */
        candidateSession.setFinishTime(timestamp);
        // Set duration
        candidateSession.setDuration(testSessionState.getDurationAccumulated());

        /* Also nullify LIS result info for session. These will be updated later, if pre-conditions match for sending the result back */
        //candidateSession.setLisOutcomeReportingStatus(null);
        //candidateSession.setLisScore(null);
		if(candidateSession instanceof Persistable) {
			candidateSession = testSessionDao.update(candidateSession);
		}
		
		storeAssessmentResultFile(candidateSession, assessmentResult);
		if(qtiModule.isDigitalSignatureEnabled() && digitalSignature.isDigitalSignature()) {
    		signAssessmentResult(candidateSession, digitalSignature, assessedIdentity);
    	}

        /* Finally schedule LTI result return (if appropriate and sane) */
        //maybeScheduleLtiOutcomes(candidateSession, assessmentResult);
        return candidateSession;
	}

	/**
	 * Cancel delete the test session, related items session and their responses, the
	 * assessment result file, the test plan file.
	 * 
	 */
	@Override
	public void deleteTestSession(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, TestSessionState testSessionState) {
		final File myStore = testSessionDao.getSessionStorage(candidateSession);
        final File sessionState = new File(myStore, "testSessionState.xml");
        final File resultFile = getAssessmentResultFile(candidateSession);

		testSessionDao.deleteTestSession(candidateSession);
		FileUtils.deleteFile(sessionState);
		if(resultFile != null) {
			FileUtils.deleteFile(resultFile);
		}
	}
	
	@Override
	public AssessmentEntry updateAssessmentEntry(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, boolean pushScoring) {
		Identity assessedIdentity = candidateSession.getIdentity();
		RepositoryEntry testEntry = candidateSession.getTestEntry();

		AssessmentEntry assessmentEntry = assessmentEntryDao.loadAssessmentEntry(assessedIdentity, testEntry, null, testEntry);
		assessmentEntry.setAssessmentId(candidateSession.getKey());
		
		if(pushScoring) {
			File unzippedDirRoot = FileResourceManager.getInstance().unzipFileResource(testEntry.getOlatResource());
			ResolvedAssessmentTest resolvedAssessmentTest = loadAndResolveAssessmentTest(unzippedDirRoot, false, false);
			AssessmentTest assessmentTest = resolvedAssessmentTest.getRootNodeLookup().extractIfSuccessful();
			
			BigDecimal finalScore = candidateSession.getFinalScore();
			assessmentEntry.setScore(finalScore);
	
			Double cutValue = QtiNodesExtractor.extractCutValue(assessmentTest);
			
			Boolean passed = assessmentEntry.getPassed();
			if(candidateSession.getManualScore() != null && finalScore != null && cutValue != null) {
				boolean calculated = finalScore.compareTo(BigDecimal.valueOf(cutValue.doubleValue())) >= 0;
				passed = Boolean.valueOf(calculated);
			} else if(candidateSession.getPassed() != null) {
				passed = candidateSession.getPassed();
			}
			assessmentEntry.setPassed(passed);
		}
		
		assessmentEntry = assessmentEntryDao.updateAssessmentEntry(assessmentEntry);
		return assessmentEntry;
	}
	
	@Override
	public AssessmentTestSession pullSession(AssessmentTestSession session, DigitalSignatureOptions signatureOptions, Identity actor) {
		session = getAssessmentTestSession(session.getKey());
		
		if(session.getFinishTime() == null) {
			if(qtiModule.isDigitalSignatureEnabled()) {
				signAssessmentResult(session, signatureOptions, session.getIdentity());
			}
			session.setFinishTime(new Date());
		}
		session.setTerminationTime(new Date());
		session = updateAssessmentTestSession(session);
		dbInstance.commit();//make sure that the changes committed before sending the event
		
		AssessmentSessionAuditLogger candidateAuditLogger = getAssessmentSessionAuditLogger(session, false);
		candidateAuditLogger.logTestRetrieved(session, actor);
		
		OLATResourceable sessionOres = OresHelper.createOLATResourceableInstance(AssessmentTestSession.class, session.getKey());
		coordinatorManager.getCoordinator().getEventBus()
			.fireEventToListenersOf(new RetrieveAssessmentTestSessionEvent(session.getKey()), sessionOres);
		return session;
	}

	private void recordOutcomeVariables(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, AbstractResult resultNode, AssessmentSessionAuditLogger auditLogger) {
		//preserve the order
		Map<Identifier,String> outcomes = new LinkedHashMap<>();
		
		for (final ItemVariable itemVariable : resultNode.getItemVariables()) {
			if (itemVariable instanceof OutcomeVariable) {
				recordOutcomeVariable(candidateSession, (OutcomeVariable)itemVariable, outcomes);
			}
		}
		
		if(auditLogger != null) {
			auditLogger.logCandidateOutcomes(candidateSession, outcomes);
		}
	}
	
	private void recordOutcomeVariable(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, OutcomeVariable outcomeVariable, Map<Identifier,String> outcomes) {
		if(outcomeVariable.getCardinality() == null) {
			log.error("Error outcome variable without cardinlaity: {}", outcomeVariable);
			return;
		}
		
		Identifier identifier = outcomeVariable.getIdentifier();
		try {
			Value computedValue = outcomeVariable.getComputedValue();
			if (QtiConstants.VARIABLE_DURATION_IDENTIFIER.equals(identifier)) {
				log.info(Tracing.M_AUDIT, "{} :: {} - {}", candidateSession.getKey(), outcomeVariable.getIdentifier(), stringifyQtiValue(computedValue));
			} else if (QTI21Constants.SCORE_IDENTIFIER.equals(identifier)) {
				if (computedValue instanceof NumberValue) {
					double score = ((NumberValue) computedValue).doubleValue();
					candidateSession.setScore(new BigDecimal(score));
				}
			} else if (QTI21Constants.PASS_IDENTIFIER.equals(identifier)) {
				if (computedValue instanceof BooleanValue) {
					boolean pass = ((BooleanValue) computedValue).booleanValue();
					candidateSession.setPassed(pass);
				}
			}
			
			outcomes.put(identifier, stringifyQtiValue(computedValue));
		} catch (Exception e) {
			log.error("Error recording outcome variable: {}", identifier, e);
			log.error("Error recording outcome variable: {}", outcomeVariable);
		}
	}
    
    private String stringifyQtiValue(final Value value) {
        if (qtiModule.isMathAssessExtensionEnabled() && GlueValueBinder.isMathsContentRecord(value)) {
            /* This is a special MathAssess "Maths Content" variable. In this case, we'll record
             * just the ASCIIMath input form or the Maxima form, if either are available.
             */
            final RecordValue mathsValue = (RecordValue) value;
            final SingleValue asciiMathInput = mathsValue.get(MathAssessConstants.FIELD_CANDIDATE_INPUT_IDENTIFIER);
            if (asciiMathInput!=null) {
                return "ASCIIMath[" + asciiMathInput.toQtiString() + "]";
            }
            final SingleValue maximaForm = mathsValue.get(MathAssessConstants.FIELD_MAXIMA_IDENTIFIER);
            if (maximaForm!=null) {
                return "Maxima[" + maximaForm.toQtiString() + "]";
            }
        }
        /* Just convert to QTI string in the usual way */
        return value.toQtiString();
    }
    
    private void storeAssessmentResultFile(final AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, final QtiNode resultNode) {
        final File resultFile = getAssessmentResultFile(candidateSession);
        try(OutputStream resultStream = FileUtils.getBos(resultFile);) {
            qtiSerializer().serializeJqtiObject(resultNode, resultStream);
        } catch (final Exception e) {
            throw new OLATRuntimeException("Unexpected", e);
        }
    }

	@Override
    public File getAssessmentResultFile(final AssessmentTestSession candidateSession) {
    	File myStore = testSessionDao.getSessionStorage(candidateSession);
        return new File(myStore, "assessmentResult.xml");
    }

	@Override
	public CandidateEvent recordCandidateTestEvent(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, RepositoryEntryRef testEntry, RepositoryEntryRef entry,
			CandidateTestEventType textEventType, TestSessionState testSessionState, NotificationRecorder notificationRecorder) {
		return recordCandidateTestEvent(candidateSession, testEntry, entry, textEventType, null, null, testSessionState, notificationRecorder);
	}

	@Override
	public CandidateEvent recordCandidateTestEvent(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, RepositoryEntryRef testEntry, RepositoryEntryRef entry,
			CandidateTestEventType textEventType, CandidateItemEventType itemEventType,
			TestPlanNodeKey itemKey, TestSessionState testSessionState, NotificationRecorder notificationRecorder) {
		
		CandidateEvent event = new CandidateEvent(candidateSession, testEntry, entry);
		event.setTestEventType(textEventType);
		event.setItemEventType(itemEventType);
		if (itemKey != null) {
            event.setTestItemKey(itemKey.toString());
        }
		storeTestSessionState(event, testSessionState);
		return event;
	}
	
	private void storeTestSessionState(CandidateEvent candidateEvent, TestSessionState testSessionState) {
		Document stateDocument = TestSessionStateXmlMarshaller.marshal(testSessionState);
		File sessionFile = getTestSessionStateFile(candidateEvent);
		storeStateDocument(stateDocument, sessionFile);
	}
	
	private void storeTestSessionState(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, TestSessionState testSessionState) {
		Document stateDocument = TestSessionStateXmlMarshaller.marshal(testSessionState);
		File sessionFile = getTestSessionStateFile(candidateSession);
		storeStateDocument(stateDocument, sessionFile);
	}

	private File getTestSessionStateFile(CandidateEvent candidateEvent) {
		AssessmentTestSession candidateSession = candidateEvent.getCandidateSession();
		return getTestSessionStateFile(candidateSession);
	}
    
	private File getTestSessionStateFile(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession) {
		File myStore = testSessionDao.getSessionStorage(candidateSession);
		return new File(myStore, "testSessionState.xml");
	}
	
    @Override
	public CandidateEvent recordCandidateItemEvent(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession,AssessmentItemSession itemSession,
			RepositoryEntryRef testEntry, RepositoryEntryRef entry, CandidateItemEventType itemEventType,
			ItemSessionState itemSessionState) {
		return recordCandidateItemEvent(candidateSession, itemSession, testEntry, entry, itemEventType, itemSessionState, null);
	}
		
	@Override
	public CandidateEvent recordCandidateItemEvent(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, AssessmentItemSession itemSession,
			RepositoryEntryRef testEntry, RepositoryEntryRef entry, CandidateItemEventType itemEventType,
			ItemSessionState itemSessionState, NotificationRecorder notificationRecorder) {

		CandidateEvent event = new CandidateEvent(candidateSession, testEntry, entry);
		event.setItemEventType(itemEventType);
		if(itemSession instanceof Persistable) {
			storeItemSessionState(itemSession, event, itemSessionState);
		}
		return event;
	}
	
	@Override
	public AssessmentResult getAssessmentResult(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession) {
		File assessmentResultFile = getAssessmentResultFile(candidateSession);
		ResourceLocator fileResourceLocator = new PathResourceLocator(assessmentResultFile.getParentFile().toPath());
		ResourceLocator inputResourceLocator = ImsQTI21Resource.createResolvingResourceLocator(fileResourceLocator);

		URI assessmentResultUri = assessmentResultFile.toURI();
		QtiObjectReader qtiObjectReader = qtiXmlReader().createQtiObjectReader(inputResourceLocator, false, false);
		try {
			QtiObjectReadResult<AssessmentResult> result = qtiObjectReader.lookupRootNode(assessmentResultUri, AssessmentResult.class);
			return result.getRootNode();
		} catch (XmlResourceNotFoundException | QtiXmlInterpretationException | ClassCastException e) {
			log.error("", e);
			return null;
		}
	}

	public void storeItemSessionState(AssessmentItemSession itemSession, CandidateEvent candidateEvent, ItemSessionState itemSessionState) {
        Document stateDocument = ItemSessionStateXmlMarshaller.marshal(itemSessionState);
        File sessionFile = getItemSessionStateFile(candidateEvent.getCandidateSession(), itemSession);
        storeStateDocument(stateDocument, sessionFile);
    }
    
	private File getItemSessionStateFile(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, AssessmentItemSession itemSession) {
		File myStore = testSessionDao.getSessionStorage(candidateSession);
		String filename = "itemSessionState_" + itemSession.getKey() + ".xml";
		return new File(myStore, filename);
	}
    
	private void storeStateDocument(Document stateXml, File sessionFile) {
        XsltSerializationOptions xsltSerializationOptions = new XsltSerializationOptions();
        xsltSerializationOptions.setIndenting(true);
        xsltSerializationOptions.setIncludingXMLDeclaration(false);
        
        Transformer serializer = XsltStylesheetManager.createSerializer(xsltSerializationOptions);
        try(OutputStream resultStream = new FileOutputStream(sessionFile)) {
            serializer.transform(new DOMSource(stateXml), new StreamResult(resultStream));
        } catch (TransformerException | IOException e) {
            throw new OLATRuntimeException("Unexpected Exception serializing state DOM", e);
        }
    }

	@Override
	public AssessmentTestSession finishItemSession(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, AssessmentResult assessmentResult, Date timestamp) {
		/* Mark session as finished */
        candidateSession.setFinishTime(timestamp);

        /* Also nullify LIS result info for session. These will be updated later, if pre-conditions match for sending the result back */
        //candidateSession.setLisOutcomeReportingStatus(null);
        //candidateSession.setLisScore(null);
        if(candidateSession instanceof Persistable) {
        	candidateSession = testSessionDao.update(candidateSession);
        }
        /* Finally schedule LTI result return (if appropriate and sane) */
        //maybeScheduleLtiOutcomes(candidateSession, assessmentResult);
		return candidateSession;
	}

	@Override
	public void recordItemAssessmentResult(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, AssessmentResult assessmentResult, AssessmentSessionAuditLogger auditLogger) {
		if(candidateSession.getFinishTime() == null) {
			storeAssessmentResultFile(candidateSession, assessmentResult);
		}
		
		//preserve the order
		Map<Identifier,String> outcomes = new LinkedHashMap<>();
		for (final ItemResult itemResult:assessmentResult.getItemResults()) {
			for (final ItemVariable itemVariable : itemResult.getItemVariables()) {
	            if (itemVariable instanceof OutcomeVariable) {
					recordOutcomeVariable(candidateSession, (OutcomeVariable)itemVariable, outcomes);
	            }
			}
		}
		
		if(auditLogger != null) {
			auditLogger.logCandidateOutcomes(candidateSession, outcomes);
		}
	}
	
	@Override
	public File getAssessmentDocumentsDirectory(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession) {
		File myStore = testSessionDao.getSessionStorage(candidateSession);
        return new File(myStore, "assessmentdocs");
	}
	
	@Override
	public File getAssessmentDocumentsDirectory(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, AssessmentItemSession itemSession) {
        File assessmentDocsDir = getAssessmentDocumentsDirectory(candidateSession);
        return new File(assessmentDocsDir, itemSession.getKey().toString());
	}

	@Override
	public File getSubmissionDirectory(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession) {
		File myStore = testSessionDao.getSessionStorage(candidateSession);
        File submissionDir = new File(myStore, "submissions");
        if(!submissionDir.exists()) {
        	submissionDir.mkdir();
        }
		return submissionDir;
	}

	@Override
	public File importFileSubmission(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, String filename, byte[] data) {
		File submissionDir = getSubmissionDirectory(candidateSession);

        	//add the date in the file
        	String extension = FileUtils.getFileSuffix(filename);
        	if(extension != null && extension.length() > 0) {
        		filename = filename.substring(0, filename.length() - extension.length() - 1);
        		extension = "." + extension;
        	} else {
        		extension = "";
        	}
        	String date = testSessionDao.formatDate(new Date());
        	String datedFilename = FileUtils.normalizeFilename(filename) + "_" + date + extension;
        	
        	//make sure we don't overwrite an existing file
		File submittedFile = new File(submissionDir, datedFilename);
		String renamedFile = FileUtils.rename(submittedFile);
		if(!datedFilename.equals(renamedFile)) {
			submittedFile = new File(submissionDir, datedFilename);
		}
		
		try(FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(submittedFile)) {
			out.write(data);
			return submittedFile;
		} catch (IOException e) {
			log.error("", e);
			return null;
		}
	}

	@Override
	public File importFileSubmission(AssessmentTestSession candidateSession, MultipartFileInfos multipartFile) {
		File submissionDir = getSubmissionDirectory(candidateSession);
        
		try {
			//add the date in the file
			String filename = multipartFile.getFileName();
			String extension = FileUtils.getFileSuffix(filename);
			if(extension != null && extension.length() > 0) {
				filename = filename.substring(0, filename.length() - extension.length() - 1);
				extension = "." + extension;
			} else {
				extension = "";
			}
			String date = testSessionDao.formatDate(new Date());
			String datedFilename = FileUtils.normalizeFilename(filename) + "_" + date + extension;
			//make sure we don't overwrite an existing file
			File submittedFile = new File(submissionDir, datedFilename);
			String renamedFile = FileUtils.rename(submittedFile);
			if(!datedFilename.equals(renamedFile)) {
				submittedFile = new File(submissionDir, datedFilename);
			}
			Files.move(multipartFile.getFile().toPath(), submittedFile.toPath(), StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
			return submittedFile;
		} catch (IOException e) {
			log.error("", e);
			return null;
		}
	}

	@Override
	public Long getMetadataCorrectionTimeInSeconds(RepositoryEntry testEntry, AssessmentTestSession candidateSession) {
		long timeInMinutes = 0l;
		
		File unzippedDirRoot = FileResourceManager.getInstance().unzipFileResource(testEntry.getOlatResource());
		ManifestBuilder manifestBuilder = ManifestBuilder.read(new File(unzippedDirRoot, "imsmanifest.xml"));
		TestSessionState testSessionStates = loadTestSessionState(candidateSession);
		ResolvedAssessmentTest resolvedObject = loadAndResolveAssessmentTest(unzippedDirRoot, false, false);
		
		if(testSessionStates != null && resolvedObject.getTestLookup() != null) {
			AssessmentTest assessmentTest = resolvedObject.getTestLookup().extractAssumingSuccessful();	
			List<TestPlanNode> testPlanNodes = testSessionStates.getTestPlan().getTestPlanNodeList();
			for(TestPlanNode testPlanNode:testPlanNodes) {
				TestNodeType testNodeType = testPlanNode.getTestNodeType();
				TestPlanNodeKey testPlanNodeKey = testPlanNode.getKey();
				if(testNodeType == TestNodeType.ASSESSMENT_ITEM_REF) {
					Identifier identifier = testPlanNodeKey.getIdentifier();
					AbstractPart partRef = assessmentTest.lookupFirstDescendant(identifier);
					if(partRef instanceof AssessmentItemRef && ((AssessmentItemRef)partRef).getHref() != null) {
						AssessmentItemRef itemRef = (AssessmentItemRef)partRef;
						ManifestMetadataBuilder itemMetadata = manifestBuilder.getResourceBuilderByHref(itemRef.getHref().toString());
						if(itemMetadata != null) {
							Integer correctionTime = itemMetadata.getOpenOLATMetadataCorrectionTime();
							if(correctionTime != null && correctionTime.intValue() > 0) {
								timeInMinutes += correctionTime.longValue();
							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
		
		return Long.valueOf(timeInMinutes * 60l);
	}

	@Override
	public void putCachedTestSessionController(AssessmentTestSession testSession, TestSessionController testSessionController) {
		if(testSession == null || testSessionController == null) return;
		testSessionControllersCache.put(testSession, testSessionController);
	}

	@Override
	public TestSessionController getCachedTestSessionController(AssessmentTestSession testSession, TestSessionController testSessionController) {
		if(testSession == null) return null;
		
		TestSessionController result = testSessionControllersCache.get(testSession);
		return result == null ? testSessionController : result;
	}
}