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0.421508 | 216804f64fb04cda8e4e099d1c33b04e | Circulating CD45-CD62e+ extracellular vesicles and endothelial cell activation. The correlation between CD45-CD62e+ EVs and (A) endothelial cells undergoing late apoptosis and necrosis, (B) endothelial cell ICAM1 mRNA expression, (C) endothelial cell NFκB1 mRNA expression; (C,D) phosphorylated VE-Cadherin protein expression was assessed. Data are represented as a relative percentage to cells treated with control, uninfected plasma. Significance was determined by Pearson correlation. p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. PI: propidium iodide; EVs: extracellular vesicles; AU: arbitrary units. | PMC9563445 | cells-11-03122-g002.jpg |
0.425285 | 5e21af149ea74c11955f206a04ba6887 | Circulating CD45-CD62e+ EVs and clinical parameters. The correlation between CD45-CD62e+ EVs and (A) the severity of symptoms of donors, (B) the age of donors, and (C) the concentration of plasma anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was assessed. Significance was determined by a Spearman correlation for symptom severity and by a Pearson correlation for age and antibody concentration. p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Multiple linear regression was performed using the forward method, since more than one variable in the univariate analysis was associated with the outcome tested. EVs: extracellular vesicles; RBD: receptor binding domain; O.D.: optical density. | PMC9563445 | cells-11-03122-g003.jpg |
0.441042 | 21a67e94995e44b1946c6610e882a005 | Immunohistochemical examples of various biomarkers and scores. A shows Col1 in PTC with slight expression and intensity in the tumor stroma. Normal location. B shows Col1 in PTC with strong expression and intensity in the tumor stroma. Normal location. C shows Col4 in a lymph node with no expression in the metastatic tumorous tissue. Normal expression and location in the normal lymphatic tissue nearby. D shows Col4 in PTC with strong distribution and intensity in the basement membrane and tumor stroma. Abnormal expression and location of the collagen type IV fibers. E shows a-SMA in PTC with slight distribution and intensity. Normal location. F shows a-SMA in PTC with medium distribution and intensity. Abnormal location. G shows MMP-9 in PTC with slight distribution and intensity. Normal location. H shows MMP-9 in PTC with strong distribution and intensity. Abnormal location. Pictures were taken using the Panoramic P250 FIII slide scanner (3DHISTECH) and reproduced using CaseViewer (3DHISTECH) at a 50-μm scale | PMC9563774 | 12957_2022_2805_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.507566 | 999a99dc5b7b43fe946ddeb349a5e8b4 | Comparison of the mean distribution scores (Y-axis) in the normal and tumorous tissues divided by the tumor subgroups, non-metastatic (N0T) vs. metastatic (N1T) (X-axis). Col1 (a) and Col4 (b) are significantly higher in the normal tissue. a-SMA (c) and MMP9 (d) are significantly higher in the cancer tissue. Black bars represent the normal tissue. Gray bars represent the tumorous tissue. **p <0.01, ***p <0.001 | PMC9563774 | 12957_2022_2805_Fig2_HTML.jpg |
0.452155 | dfa95b6a363b4daa9a17faa78ca0052b | Comparison of the mean distribution (dark gray bars) and total scores (light gray bars) (Y-axis) divided by the different tumor groups (N0T vs. N1T) and the metastatic lymph nodes (N1N) (X-axis). Col1 (a) is significantly higher in the non-metastatic tumors (N0T) compared with the metastatic ones (N1T). Col4 (b) is significantly higher in the non-metastatic tumors (N0T) compared with the metastatic ones (N1T) and even with the metastatic lymph nodes (N1N). *p <0.05, ***p <0.001 | PMC9563774 | 12957_2022_2805_Fig3_HTML.jpg |
0.470564 | 7bac95df65b14aeb81dd428e5bdfc2c6 | COD in excess sludge (CODES) and the oxygen utilisation for carbon removal (OUc) in correlation to the SRT [4]. | PMC9564472 | ijerph-19-12871-g001.jpg |
0.491601 | 8223da14a2f5409292b3b7bddff7c454 | COD and N balances for single-stage activated sludge tanks. | PMC9564472 | ijerph-19-12871-g002.jpg |
0.497241 | ec5f0b4d898a45f08c7095cf7ff988f9 | COD and N balances for two-stage activated sludge tanks. | PMC9564472 | ijerph-19-12871-g003.jpg |
0.398813 | b0c71db46c5c47108a1a8f0c02227b12 | Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC) displaying the predictive value of the assessed mortality prediction scores. | PMC9564531 | ijerph-19-12321-g001.jpg |
0.408338 | 20f53bfcfa7b408584b354e855f0bed8 | Availability of diagnostic tests. | PMC9565150 | ijerph-19-12554-g001.jpg |
0.440613 | 724b9917d71846918149f237d139d4be | (A) The most common causes of CKD. (B) The second most common causes of CKD. | PMC9565150 | ijerph-19-12554-g002a.jpg |
0.402976 | 86dd0c7a1e794fdfb141e0d62ca584f0 | Schematic diagram of the fabrication process of a-InGaZnO/a-InGaZnO:O TFTs: (a) Cleaned Si/SiO2 substrate; (b) RF magnetron sputtering deposition patterned a-InGaZnO channel layer; (c) the a-InGaZnO channel layer, treated with oxygen plasma; (d) patterned Cu electrodes deposited by DC sputtering; (e) patterned a-InGaZnO/a-InGaZnO:O TFTs; (f) TFTs arrays; (g) Olympus microscope images of channeling layer and (h) a-InGaZnO TFTs. | PMC9565279 | nanomaterials-12-03481-g001.jpg |
0.443899 | 6b425dfd47f1494c9a693043663a1f85 | (a) Transfer characteristic curves of a-InGaZnO TFTs prepared with different sputtering powers; (b) Output characteristic curve of a-InGaZnO TFTs prepared with 40 W sputtering power. | PMC9565279 | nanomaterials-12-03481-g002.jpg |
0.405132 | 21f17e6839584af9a5a8fc57b5ddbf1d | (a) Transfer characteristic curves of TFTs with a-InGaZnO active layers of different thicknesses (inset is the cross section of a-InGaZnO TFT); (b) Output characteristic curve of a-InGaZnO TFT when the active layer is 20 nm. | PMC9565279 | nanomaterials-12-03481-g003.jpg |
0.484158 | 73118d2002434415aaa620ab4ca206f7 | (a) Transfer characteristic curves of a-InGaZnO TFTs in the deposition state and a-InGaZnO TFTs in the active layer treated with oxygen plasma of different powers (inset is the cross section of a-InGaZnO:O TFTs); (b) Output characteristic curve of TFTs after a-InGaZnO active layer was treated with 20 W oxygen plasma power. | PMC9565279 | nanomaterials-12-03481-g004.jpg |
0.424725 | d54ff8f546f74bbb8939c968b74efe19 | (a) SEM images of the surface and (b) cross-section of a 20 nm thick a-InGaZnO:O channel layer; (c) AFM image of 20 nm thick a-InGaZnO:O channel layer; (d) Curves of optical transmittance of glass and a-InGaZnO-based thin film as a function of wavelength. The inset is the photo of an a-InGaZnO:O film (20 nm) on the school emblem. | PMC9565279 | nanomaterials-12-03481-g005.jpg |
0.499957 | abf274429bb54df8affe30d3f0e153c7 | XPS spectra of different elements in a-InGaZnO based film: (a) full spectrum; (b) In 3d; (c) Ga 2p; (d) Ga 3d; (e) analytical images of Ga 3d peaks; (f) Zn 2p. | PMC9565279 | nanomaterials-12-03481-g006.jpg |
0.432479 | 5c312a3cd24644a0a43882ba46931ec2 | XPS spectra of O 1s in (a) a-InGaZnO film and (b) a-InGaZnO:O film; Schematic diagram of VO changes in (c) a-InGaZnO film and (d) a-InGaZnO:O film. | PMC9565279 | nanomaterials-12-03481-g007.jpg |
0.463946 | 9b8c4ca3b2da49898529c8b5ad84f255 | Study area.a The labels in the Xinjiang county (XJC) map indicate the following (county level cities are indicated by *, and the rest are counties): 1. Shihezi*, 2. Changji*, 3. Fukang*, 4. Hutubi, 5. Manas, 6. Jimsar, 7. Qitai, 8. Mori, 9. Tacheng City, 10. Usu City, 11. Emin, 12. Shawan, 13. Toli, 14. Yumin, 15. Hoboksar, 16. Altay*, 17. Burqin, 18. Fuyun, 19. Fuhai, 20. Habahe, 21. Qinghe, 22. Jeminay, 23. Bole*; 24. Jinghe, 25. Yining*, 26. Kuytun, 27. Wenquan, 28. Yining, 29. Qapqal, 30. Huocheng, 31. Gongliu, 32. Xinyuan, 33. Zhaosu, 34. Tekes, 35. Nilka, 36. Korla*, 37. Luntai, 38. Yuli, 39. Ruoqiang, 40. Qiemo, 41.Yanqi, 42. Hejing, 43. Hoxud, 44. Bohu, 45. Aksu*, 46. Wensu, 47. Kuqa, 48. Xayar, 49. Xinhe, 50. Baicheng, 51. Wushi, 52. Awati, 53. Keping, 54. Artux*, 55. Akto, 56. Akqi, 57. Wuqia, 58. Kashkar*, 59. Shufu, 60. Yingisar, 61. Shule, 62. Zepu, 63. Shache, 64. Yecheng, 65. Makit, 66. Yopurga, 67. Jiashi, 68. Bachu, 69. Tashkorgan, 70. Hotan*, 71. Moyu, 72. Pishan, 73. Lop, 74. Qira, 75. Yutian, 76. Minfeng. | PMC9565395 | pone.0276235.g001.jpg |
0.45881 | 45de1e2ab6d74d52a6914d75dad715ea | Methodological flowchart. | PMC9565395 | pone.0276235.g002.jpg |
0.43356 | 23b899a3bb0b4c3e9a41b7911f0900d4 | The distribution of comprehensive urbanization levels in XJC from 1996 to 2018.a The blank areas in the figure are cities and counties that are not included in this study. | PMC9565395 | pone.0276235.g003.jpg |
0.501284 | 6f13facdaf2d445ba66e090707035bb2 | The development trend of the comprehensive evaluation index of XJC urbanization from 1996 to 2018. | PMC9565395 | pone.0276235.g004.jpg |
0.471935 | 0f1dafc61e704da9a78c3c96a7e99301 | The development trend of the coupling and coordination of PECL in XJC from 1996 to 2018.a The picture on the left shows the development trend of the coupling situation, and the picture on the right shows the development trend of the coupling coordination situation. | PMC9565395 | pone.0276235.g005.jpg |
0.390135 | 4de9f3fd1a3d462d949c78eb0129fa66 | Coupling and coordinated temporal and spatial distribution of PECL in XJC from 1996 to 2018. | PMC9565395 | pone.0276235.g006.jpg |
0.40399 | fd458fd8d070467197e5ed5b77f98a7a | LISA map of coupling coordination in Xinjiang counties from 1996 to 2018. | PMC9565395 | pone.0276235.g007.jpg |
0.41156 | 66bba00ccd28484485658ae99b485ca2 | A mesoscale Janus particle illuminated under a TE-polarization plane wave. | PMC9565704 | nanomaterials-12-03428-g001.jpg |
0.432711 | 209fa73b065641c6a5311bee0096ad03 | Hot-spot generation in cylindrical Janus particle with parameters h = 42 nm and n = 1.5 (refractive index of the cutting area: nc = 1). | PMC9565704 | nanomaterials-12-03428-g002.jpg |
0.435427 | b32c0c71d54d44578ad880948d1b5b03 | The path of the rays in a Janus particle in the case of a ray falling on a flat surface at an angle of total internal reflection χ. The inset shows a schematic change in the phase of a wave along a section of a flat surface. | PMC9565704 | nanomaterials-12-03428-g003.jpg |
0.465318 | f4b889ccb91742a79c83293df203b40a | Hot-spot generation in cylindrical Janus particle with the parameters h = 68 nm and n = 1.1236 (water). | PMC9565704 | nanomaterials-12-03428-g004.jpg |
0.434037 | 37addcb0d10742519300fa76bce3f7b4 | Distribution of the Poynting vector around the hot spots of the Janus particle. | PMC9565704 | nanomaterials-12-03428-g005.jpg |
0.52187 | e828fea089764057a82ac61c93f36e44 | Hot-spot generation in cylindrical Janus particle with the parameters h = 58 nm and n = 0.476. | PMC9565704 | nanomaterials-12-03428-g006.jpg |
0.403133 | fe3ada2727bb456495c18309f71b637b | Field intensity distribution along the extreme hot spots for the (a) electric and (b) magnetic components; (c) Poynting vector energy flux. | PMC9565704 | nanomaterials-12-03428-g007.jpg |
0.50236 | e9907580e8b24980a50b9ab77ef71b0e | Hot-spot generation in cylindrical Janus particle with the parameters h = 46 nm and n = 0.3. | PMC9565704 | nanomaterials-12-03428-g008.jpg |
0.405834 | 5c7a6038f9fe4eb39b6eec6abce036c5 | Field intensity distribution along the extrema of the hot spots for the (a) electric and (b) magnetic components; (c) Poynting vector energy flux. | PMC9565704 | nanomaterials-12-03428-g009.jpg |
0.506358 | 4d0919987f9646129849b7d8a6339990 | Hot-spot generation in cylindrical Janus particle with the parameters h = 46 nm, n = 0.3, and k = 0.005. | PMC9565704 | nanomaterials-12-03428-g010.jpg |
0.422517 | 1060a6ac37234896b37606b443931c8d | Field intensity distribution along the extrema of the hot spots for (a) electric and (b) magnetic components; (c) Poynting vector energy flux. | PMC9565704 | nanomaterials-12-03428-g011.jpg |
0.441258 | d4641241a88e40f4b0bdc8e2e1069ec2 | The interconnections between the main categories. | PMC9565942 | ijerph-19-12016-g001.jpg |
0.458082 | 1fae39ebadd640c3a4af23fd1474bcf8 | Examples of the fluctuations (a–f) enacted to the DL group. Note: (a) internal manipulations by performing the golf shot under visual restriction using an eye patch; external manipulations by performing the golf shot in (b) different surfaces—sand; (c) different grass sizes; (d) different types of iron; internal and external manipulations by (e) varying the types of ball used; (f) different starting positions. | PMC9566113 | ijerph-19-12550-g001.jpg |
0.457126 | dbf178a3d8864fccbc36b532fba1c78c | Standardized (Cohen) differences in golf shot performance for the different variables according to the distance and training intervention. Error bars indicate uncertainty in the true mean changes with 95% confidence intervals. DL = differential learning; RB = repetitive-based group; M = mean; SD = standard deviation. | PMC9566113 | ijerph-19-12550-g002.jpg |
0.404131 | ed5a077b5cd545df9d6011983f578d70 | The mean difference for 4 comparisons according to: (i) the score and carry distance and to (ii) distances (20 m, 35 m, and 50 m) are shown in the above Cumming estimation plot. The raw data are plotted on the upper axes; each mean difference is plotted on the lower axes as a bootstrap sampling distribution. Mean differences are depicted as dots; 95% confidence intervals are indicated by the ends of the vertical error bars [45]. DL = differential learning; RB = repetitive-based. | PMC9566113 | ijerph-19-12550-g003.jpg |
0.390145 | ba2a14c60c9b41a397a58fa5848e0b7c | The mean difference for 4 comparisons according to: (i) the club speed and side and to (ii) distances (20, 35 m, and 50 m) are shown in the above Cumming estimation plot. The raw data are plotted on the upper axes; each mean difference is plotted on the lower axes as a bootstrap sampling distribution. Mean differences are depicted as dots; 95% confidence intervals are indicated by the ends of the vertical error bars [45]. When the mean difference is negative, should the distribution curve show on the other side? In the present way, it is somewhat confusing. DL = differential learning; RB = repetitive-based. | PMC9566113 | ijerph-19-12550-g004.jpg |
0.455792 | 983ffce6acc64fd485d118bf4c6544c0 | The Cumming estimation plot of the mean difference for 4 comparisons according to: (i) the attack angle, face angle and dynamic loft; and to (ii) distances (20 m, 35 m and 50 m). The raw data is plotted on the upper axes; each mean difference is plotted on the lower axes as a bootstrap sampling distribution. Mean differences are depicted as dots; 95% confidence intervals are indicated by the ends of the vertical error bars [45]. DL = differential learning; RB = repetitive-based. | PMC9566113 | ijerph-19-12550-g005.jpg |
0.443631 | e6375b0651e94dd0b305c5effcc503b9 | The flow of the research methodology. | PMC9566115 | ijerph-19-12077-g001.jpg |
0.519976 | d2a5cc72baeb4c3ebe64d6bc912510cb | (A) The stand for testing the behavior of the manikin during fall arrest. (B) The anthropomorphic manikin prepared for testing its behavior during fall arrest: 1—rigid structure, 2—electromagnetic hitch, 3—self-locking device, 4—anthropomorphic manikin, 5—3-axis acceleration transducer, 6—data acquisition system with an analog filter and amplifier, 7—oscilloscope, 8—self-locking device lanyard, 9—safety lanyard, 10—safety harness. | PMC9566115 | ijerph-19-12077-g002.jpg |
0.467666 | 4a237bd025664510b7ffdae98ac11041 | (A) The stand for testing the behavior of the manikin during tipping. (B) The anthropomorphic manikin prepared for testing tipping behavior: 1—rigid structure, 2—electromagnetic hitch, 3—self-locking device, 4—anthropomorphic manikin, 5—3-axis acceleration transducer, 6—data acquisition system with an analog filter and amplifier, 7—oscilloscope, 8—self-locking device lanyard, 9—safety lanyard, 10—safety harness. Test option: manikin facing the self-locking device attached 1.5 m above the floor level. | PMC9566115 | ijerph-19-12077-g003.jpg |
0.495292 | ef976334fae14efe82ae351110186f7a | Acceleration as a function of time recorded during fall arrest. Test conditions: front point of the safety harness; the sensor mounted on the back of the manikin. | PMC9566115 | ijerph-19-12077-g004.jpg |
0.526311 | 25ea20f2e05c4c82815ce9dbed754c8e | Acceleration as a function of time recorded during fall arrest. Test conditions: back point of the safety harness; the sensor mounted on the abdomen of the manikin. | PMC9566115 | ijerph-19-12077-g005.jpg |
0.473834 | 64dc6a8229be423c9b9e0d7b1e147929 | Acceleration as a function of time recorded during fall arrest. Test conditions: back point of the safety harness; the sensor mounted on the back of the manikin. | PMC9566115 | ijerph-19-12077-g006.jpg |
0.459647 | 1e86f2ac66974842ab4d82e44c044563 | Acceleration as a function of time recorded during tipping. Test conditions: self-locking device at a height of 1.5 m above floor level; back point of the safety harness; the sensor mounted on the back of the manikin. | PMC9566115 | ijerph-19-12077-g007.jpg |
0.460824 | b659b7470b764f178d6ca882efebe41e | Acceleration as a function of time recorded during tipping. Test conditions: self-locking device at a level of 1.5 m above floor level; front point of the safety harness; the sensor mounted on the abdomen of the manikin. | PMC9566115 | ijerph-19-12077-g008.jpg |
0.40975 | 03487ec99ab3488484bf350a26352735 | Acceleration as a function of time recorded during tipping. Test conditions: self-locking device at floor level; back point of the safety harness; the sensor mounted on the back of the manikin. | PMC9566115 | ijerph-19-12077-g009.jpg |
0.388862 | e1abf347d2344357867232e416409768 | Acceleration as a function of time recorded during tipping. Test conditions: self-locking device at floor level; front point of the safety harness; the sensor mounted on the abdomen of the manikin. | PMC9566115 | ijerph-19-12077-g010.jpg |
0.47781 | cdb67692e76b4a18909765141884cdc5 | PRISMA flow chart shows the number of screened, included, and excluded studies. | PMC9566636 | ijerph-19-12148-g001.jpg |
0.407548 | 3bb80e6d333d4cd78fd4c4ebf42cd77a | Forest plot of virucidal efficacy of several preparations against SARS-CoV-2 in vivo and the associated level of heterogeneity [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29]. | PMC9566636 | ijerph-19-12148-g002.jpg |
0.387124 | 572d53ff31134d88a38e67912ff77211 | Forest plot of virucidal efficacy of several preparations against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro [30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51]. | PMC9566636 | ijerph-19-12148-g003.jpg |
0.374476 | 8acceb099b1849889d778ca6262d2558 | (A) Forrest plot of virucidal efficacy of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) (all concentrations) in vitro [31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,41,42,43,45]. (B) Forrest plot of virucidal efficacy of povidone-iodine (PVP-I) > 1.0% in vitro [31,32,33,37,41,43]. | PMC9566636 | ijerph-19-12148-g004a.jpg |
0.501996 | 89fbdd6469ac4fbb8254d19612c01362 | (A) Forrest plot of virucidal efficacy of cetylpyridinium-chloride (CPC) in vitro [30,44,46]. (B) Forrest plot of virucidal efficacy of Listerine® and other essential oils in vitro [42,43]. (C) Forrest plot of virucidal efficacy of hydrogen peroxide (HP) in vitro [32,42,46]. (D) Forrest plot of virucidal efficacy of chlorhexidine (CHX) in vitro [30,42,44,46,50,51]. (E) Forrest plot of virucidal efficacy of sodium fluoride, sodium chloride, and sodium fluoride (NaF) in vitro [39,47,50]. | PMC9566636 | ijerph-19-12148-g005a.jpg |
0.412865 | 22c76df53a354ffbb3bfd07630e6a6b0 | Plinabulin (1) and its derivatives as photopharmacological agents.a
Z-1
(red) binds β-tubulin in αβ-tubulin heterodimers (grey) (PDB:5c8y)20. b irradiation of the thermodynamically stable Z-1 (red) with violet light (<410 nm) produces up to 56% of the less active E-1 (blue), which can be isolated and stored at ambient conditions for many days (t1/2 > 1 month); irradiation of E-1
(blue) with cyan light (490 nm) regenerates up to 87% of the active Z-1. c Viability of HT-29 cells after treatment with the HPLC-purified Z- and E-isomers of 1 for 48 h. Data were plotted against the log of agonist concentration (log10([agonist]) (M)) with mean and SD values in GraphPad Prism. Number of independent experiments (six technical replicates per test): N = 3. d UV-Vis spectra of 1 as a purified Z-isomer (dark), and at respective photostationary states (407 nm and 490 nm). e structures of the plinabulin derivatives 1-6 discussed in this report - if not defined otherwise, substituents X, Y, V, and Z are hydrogen atoms (H). f X-ray structures of the chlorinated Z-3 and E-3 illustrate the geometry difference upon isomerization, which in turn influences the biological activity. | PMC9568564 | 41467_2022_33750_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.460023 | 492fef8a1eb646688398708f378292e6 | Immunofluorescence imaging.Immunofluorescence imaging of microtubule network structure in presence of the compounds 1, 2, and 3. Confocal microscopy assessment of cellular microtubule networks after treatment with the respective photoisomers of a
1 (2 nM), b
2 (20 nM), and c
3 (200 nM). (HT-29 cells, 6 h treatment, green: α-tubulin stain for microtubule polymer network, blue: DAPI nuclear counterstain, all scale bars 20 µm). The results were processed and visualized with Leica Application Suite X 3.5.7.23225 from Leica Microsystems CMS GmbH. Correctly formed mitotic spindles are marked with yellow circles (the used concentrations of E-isomers are not cytotoxic) while white circles highlight abnormal tubulin aggregates (Z-isomers at the same concentrations showed cytotoxicity); N = 1. Viability of HT-29 cells after treatment with the HPLC-purified Z- and E-isomers of 1 (d), 2 (e) and 3 (f) for 48 h. Data were plotted against the log of agonist concentration (log10([agonist]) (M)) with mean and SD values in GraphPad Prism. Number of independent experiments (six technical replicates per test): 1 N = 3; 2-Z N = 4; 2-E N = 3; 3 N = 3. The dashed vertical line indicates the concentration used in the respective pair of immunofluorescence experiments depicted above the plot. | PMC9568564 | 41467_2022_33750_Fig2_HTML.jpg |
0.436362 | 730b85ab0a0e445e8331aa4f9dcedb9f | Plinabulin derivatives – photochromism, fluorescence and cytotoxicity photomodulation.a UV-Vis spectra of the 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)-plinabulin 4 as a purified Z-isomer (dark), and at respective photostationary states (407 nm, 490 nm, and 523 nm); b photochromism of 4 – the HPLC-purified dark sample containing >95% Z-4, and the sample equilibrated at 407 nm (55% of the E-4); c fluorescence of compounds 1-6 upon excitation with UV light (365 nm); 30-60 mM solutions in DMSO, compared with a solvent sample; d demonstration of a potential prodrug application of E-6 – the HPLC-isolated thermally metastable E-6 (IC50 = 618 nM) can be irreversibly converted with cyan light (490 nm) into a mixture containing 86% Z-6 with the IC50 = 0.34 nM (>1800-fold activity enhancement). Data were plotted against the log of agonist concentration (log10([agonist]) (M)) with mean and SD values in GraphPad Prism. Number of independent experiments (six technical replicates per test): 6-Z N = 2, 6-E N = 2, 6 490 nm N = 1; e mutual photoequilibration with alternating cyan (490 nm) and violet (410 nm) light results in a reversible 36-fold difference in the bioactivity of 6. Data were plotted against the log of agonist concentration (log10([agonist]) (M)) with mean and SD values in GraphPad Prism. Number of independent experiments (six technical replicates per test): N = 1; f mutual photoequilibration with alternating cyan (490 nm) and UV (365 nm) light results in a reversible 56-fold difference in the bioactivity of 6. Data were plotted against the log of agonist concentration (log10([agonist]) (M)) with mean and SD values in GraphPad Prism. Number of independent experiments (six technical replicates per test): N = 1. | PMC9568564 | 41467_2022_33750_Fig3_HTML.jpg |
0.50115 | f37507cb92d447298afe7c37c756477b | Photophysical characterization of hemipiperazines 7-13.a structures of hemipiperazines 7-13 (3-arylidene-2,5-diketopiperazines; hemistilbene + 2,5-diketopiperazine) investigated in this report; b UV-Vis spectra of selected HPIs (Z-isomers of 7, 8, 11-13) in DMSO; c influence of the substitution pattern on the bathochromic shift of the λmax for Z-isomers of 8-10 (in DMSO); d solvatochromism of 11 in aqueous solutions; e photochromism of 11 in aqueous solution containing 25% DMSO; f comparison of the fluorescence intensity between Z-11 and Z-12 in DMSO. | PMC9568564 | 41467_2022_33750_Fig4_HTML.jpg |
0.435142 | f32e27cd43884f5fbd57b823cb8075f7 | Theoretical calculations for selected HPI photoswitches.a Absorption spectra of the Z- and E-isomers of the unsubstituted HPI 7. b selected orbital energies, as well as the electron distribution of HOMO and LUMO orbitals calculated for Z- and E-isomers of 7. c Absorption spectra of the Z- and E-isomers of the electron-rich dimethylamino-substituted HPI 11. d selected orbital energies, as well as the electron distribution of HOMO and LUMO orbitals calculated for Z- and E-isomers of 11. All the results demonstrated on this figure have been calculated using B3LYP-GD3BJ/6-311G(d,p) PCM(DMSO) level of theory. | PMC9568564 | 41467_2022_33750_Fig5_HTML.jpg |
0.458676 | 091d5b793cdd4646b619f69555e1d46c | Further developments of photochromism in the plinabulin system.a The isolated heteroarylidene fragment 14 of the original plinabulin 1 structure can be mutually photoisomerized with UV and violet light, although the same chromophore remains inert towards photoisomerization within the complete structure of 1. b Upon stabilization of the carbocyclic arylidene in the Z-configuration with an additional bond, the resulting locked plinabulin 15 shows photoisomerization of the heteroarylidene C=C bond. c The locked system 15 additionally shows hypsochromic shift and enhanced quantum yield of light emission in comparison to plinabulin derivatives 1-5. d Photochromism of 15 upon mutual photoisomerization with visible light: 410/490 nm (200 µM of 15 in saturated solution of ascorbic acid in DMSO). e Photomodulation of the fluorescence intensity of 15 at the respective photostationary states achieved with 410 nm or with 490 nm (200 µM of 15 in saturated solution of ascorbic acid in DMSO). f 10 cycles of fluorescence photomodulation in 15 with visible light irradiation: 410/490 nm (200 µM of 15 in saturated solution of ascorbic acid in DMSO). | PMC9568564 | 41467_2022_33750_Fig6_HTML.jpg |
0.428585 | acfbb816603740aa9c08f4cf4205de47 | Dependency and relative characteristics of performance evaluation instrument categories. The attached semicircles on the left show the typical intervals for each category. For classification performance measures and metrics, the intervals are usually [0, ∞) and [0, 1], respectively | PMC9569243 | 42979_2022_1409_Fig1_HTML.jpg |
0.389463 | be73d2afbdd74453b6f48d032975c11d | The origin of laying out of performance evaluation instruments in PToPI and probabilistic error/loss instruments for four samples labeled as one TP, FP, FN, and TN | PMC9569243 | 42979_2022_1409_Fig2_HTML.jpg |
0.455587 | 3f639cab9ddc486fb932b1dd41a233b8 | Instrument dependencies graphs. The full-resolution graphs and the DOT (graph description language) files to produce them via Graphviz are provided online at https://github.com/gurol/ptopi | PMC9569243 | 42979_2022_1409_Fig3_HTML.jpg |
0.424839 | 2c05dcb65b4a4686b1475c58c753cda6 | Plain view of PToPI (see online Fig. C.1 for the full view) | PMC9569243 | 42979_2022_1409_Fig4_HTML.jpg |
0.36228 | 8d6b8fe09fb642ef85624aa356d28fc6 | SEM images of the products: Hep-Cyt0, Hep-Cyt2, and Hep-Cyt8 with (d–f) and without (a–c) aging. | PMC9569611 | ijms-23-11530-g001.jpg |
0.42515 | 5f0af7a29e7d45d69ec210b9b307dba5 | TEM images (a,b,d,e,g,h) and SAED (c,f,i) patterns of the products: Hep-Cyt0 with (d–f) and without (a–c) aging, and Hep-Cyt8 with aging (g–i). SAED patterns were taken from the red circular area in (b,e,h). | PMC9569611 | ijms-23-11530-g002.jpg |
0.442893 | 2ee610f29e324acf980bc35df195560a | Immobilization efficiencies of cytochrome C in the nanoparticles: Hep-Cyt2, Cyt2, Hep-Cyt8, and Cyt8 with and without aging (average ± standard error, N (number of batches) = 2 for Cyt2 and Cyt8 with aging, N = 3 for others). | PMC9569611 | ijms-23-11530-g003.jpg |
0.464467 | f957e7edf7084767b2b01ad880fa150a | Elemental ratios of S/Ca (a) and Ca/P (b) of the nanoparticles: Hep-Cyt0, Hep-Cyt1, Hep-Cyt2, Hep-Cyt3, Hep-Cyt5, and Hep-Cyt8 with and without aging (average ± standard error, N = 2). | PMC9569611 | ijms-23-11530-g004.jpg |
0.419503 | ac6c01eff70444bca38f309cbcabbab0 | DLS histograms of the number distributions (a) and zeta potentials (b) of the nanoparticles: Hep-Cyt0, Hep-Cyt2, and Hep-Cyt8 with and without aging. The nanoparticles were dispersed in water. | PMC9569611 | ijms-23-11530-g005.jpg |
0.457137 | 24791313e7484f258281888433cafeb7 | Immobilization efficiencies of lysozyme and albumin in the nanoparticles: Hep-Lyz2, Lyz2, Hep-Alb2, and Alb2 with and without aging (average ± standard error, N = 2). | PMC9569611 | ijms-23-11530-g006.jpg |
0.365343 | ea70a156072148c0a6ec95bd4e93bf2e | Dopamine concentrations function as a switch in the active state shift between D1R-MSN and D2R-MSN to regulate rewarding and aversive behaviors, respectively. (a) At the concentration of dopamine under basal conditions, D1R-MSN and D2R-MSN are both inactive. (b) When the concentration of dopamine is high, D1R-MSN is activated, consequently leading to rewarding behavior. Under pathophysiological conditions, the dopamine hyperfunctional state may be associated with schizophrenia and drug addiction. (c) When the concentration of dopamine is low, D2R-MSN is activated to induce aversive behavior. Under pathophysiological conditions, the dopamine hypofunctional state may be associated with Parkinson’s disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and restless legs syndrome. D1R, dopamine D1 receptor; D2R, dopamine D2 receptor; A1R, adenosine A1 receptor; A2AR, adenosine A2A receptor; MSN, medium spiny neuron; Gs, stimulatory G protein; Gi, inhibitory G protein; AC, adenylate cyclase; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; PKA, protein kinase A. | PMC9570387 | ijms-23-11643-g001.jpg |
0.468581 | 19eb836651f04d8298a6597a8792ecc7 | The PKA-dependent phosphorylation of receptors, ion channels, transcription factors, and other proteins accounts for structural and functional plasticity regulated by dopamine. D1R, dopamine D1 receptor; Gs, stimulatory G protein; AC, adenylate cyclase; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; PKA, protein kinase A; DARPP-32, dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein of 32 kDa; PP1, protein phosphatase-1; NMDAR, NMDA receptor; AMPAR, AMPA receptor; STEP, striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase; Brd4, bromodomain-containing protein 4; DGLα, diacylglycerol lipase-α; rpS6, ribosomal protein S6. “?” indicates unknown PKA substrates. | PMC9570387 | ijms-23-11643-g002.jpg |
0.414529 | d0673a231e354767a7577a220b5c2228 | Phosphoproteomic analyses revealed new phosphorylation signals downstream of dopamine receptors in emotional behaviors. (a) In D1R-MSN, the stimulation of D1R by dopamine increased intracellular cAMP concentrations through AC, and this is followed by the activation of PKA. PKA phosphorylates Rasgrp2 and Rap1gap to induce the activation of Rap1, which promotes the MAPK pathway. MAPK phosphorylates Kcnq2 to increase membrane excitability and phosphorylates Npas4 and MKL2 to facilitate the expression of the genes accounting for synaptic plasticity, consequently leading to rewarding behavior. (b) In D2R-MSN, a decreased dopamine concentration cancels the suppressive effects of D2R. The stimulation of A2AR without the inhibition of D2R increases intracellular cAMP concentrations through AC, and this is followed by the activation of PKA. PKA phosphorylates Rasgrp2 and Rap1gap to induce the activation of Rap1, which promotes the MAPK pathway involved in synaptic plasticity. Acetylcholine/M1R signaling activates PKC to promote the phosphorylation of Kcnq2, which is involved in membrane excitability. These changes consequently lead to aversive behavior. D1R, dopamine D1 receptor; MSN, medium spiny neuron; Gs, stimulatory G protein; AC, adenylate cyclase; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; PKA, protein kinase A; Rap1gap, rap1 GTPase-activating protein; Rasgrp2, Ras guanyl releasing protein 2; MAPK1/3, mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/3; Npas4, neuronal Per Arnt Sim domain protein 4; MKL2, megakaryoblastic leukemia-2; M1R, muscarinic M1 receptor; A2AR, adenosine A2A receptor; Gq, Gq protein; PKC, protein kinase C; Kcnq2, potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 2; P, Phosphate. | PMC9570387 | ijms-23-11643-g003.jpg |
0.460519 | 93858ef1e6d7450a919edeba7f1a270f | Illustration of the overall workflow. DILI, drug-induced liver injury; GEO, Gene Expression Omnibus; DEGs, differentially expressed genes; GO, gene ontology; KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; GSEA, gene-set enrichment analysis; SVM, support vector machine; LASSO, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator; RT, random forest; GBM, gradient boosting machine; DT, decision tree; NN, neural network; ROC, receiver operating characteristic. | PMC9570393 | ijms-23-11945-g001.jpg |
0.420873 | 8c0898b58a434fdfa6b158ce66c80bd0 | The 21 DEGs were distributed in both the DILI group and the control group (|log FC| > 0.8, FDR < 0.05, and p-value < 0.05). (A): heatmap of 21 DEGs between the Con and DILI groups; (B), volcano diagram of all genes; red represents significantly upregulated genes in the DILI group compared to Con group, and black represents not significantly upregulated genes. R software (version 4.1.4; written by Ross Ihaka and Robert Gentleman from the University of Auckland originally, N.z., and maintained by Lucent Technologies, USA, https://www.r-project.org/) was used to create the maps, including R package pheatmap (version 1.0.12; created by Raivo Kolde’ team; https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/pheatmap/index.html) for the heatmap and ggplot2 (version 3.35; written by Hadley Wickham; RStudio, USA, https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ggplot2/index.html) for the volcano plot, respectively. FC, fold change; FDR, false-discovery rate. | PMC9570393 | ijms-23-11945-g002.jpg |
0.471007 | 02aa5a3ce36646009b8688b547b946e0 | Functional and pathway enrichment analysis. (A): The top−5 BP terms, top−5 CC terms, and top−5 MF terms enriched in GO term. (B) The 18 significantly enriched KEGG pathways. (C) The top−5 most significantly enriched GSEA-KEGG control terms. (D) The top−5 most significantly enriched GSEA-KEGG DILI terms. BP, biological process; CC, cellular component; MF, molecular function. Count represents the number of genes enriched in the GO or KEGG entry. The Q value is the p value after multiple correction, which is represented by color. The redder it is, the smaller the q value is and the more obvious the enrichment is. | PMC9570393 | ijms-23-11945-g003.jpg |
0.434585 | b320b265ca5c4d9cb666ec703462c55e | Six ML algorithms developed for DILI diagnosis. (A) LASSO for 4 prognostic DEGs (the bottom and top abscissa shows the Log(λ) value and number of variables; the ordinate show the binomial deviance); (B) SVM for 21 prognostic DGEs (the abscissa shows the number of variables, and the ordinate shows the root mean square error); (C) RF for the classification of control and DILI individuals (the abscissa shows the error change with the number of the ordinate trees); (D) the optimal decision trees for the classification of control and DILI individuals with the gene-expression values and allocated probability; (E) six-fold in GBM for the classification of control and DILI individuals (the variable importance for each gene of multiple GMB models); (F) NN for the classification of control and DILI individuals with three hidden layers. | PMC9570393 | ijms-23-11945-g004.jpg |
0.451547 | b472ac38a98749bebee830ed6c13e050 | Results of a comparison of 4 candidate DEGs in testing set. Compared with Con, p < 0.05 as statistic difference. (A) The expression of DDIT3 between the Control and DILI groups in the testing set; (B) The expression of GADD45A between the Control and DILI groups in the testing set; (C) The expression of RBM24 between the Control and DILI groups in the testing set; (D) The expression of SLC3A2 between the Control and DILI groups in the testing set. | PMC9570393 | ijms-23-11945-g005.jpg |
0.41556 | bd7c82433669491dadbbd4dfe237664c | The ROC curves of DDIT3, DDIT3, SLC3A2, and RBM24 between the training and testing groups. (A) The ROC curve of DDIT3 in the training group. (B) The ROC curve of DDIT3 in the testing group. (C) The ROC curve of GADD45A in the training group. (D) The ROC curve of GADD45A in the testing group. (E) The ROC curve of RBM24 in training group. (F) The ROC curve of RBM24 in the testing group. (G) The ROC curve of SLC3A2 in training group. (H) The ROC curve of SLC3A2 in the testing group. Red represents training, and blue represents testing. | PMC9570393 | ijms-23-11945-g006.jpg |
0.492169 | f323e9c97fb04bfaadbdf2e2102392a6 | The immune correlation between 4 genes and 22 immune cells. (A) A lollipop map of DDIT3 and 22 immune cells. (B) A lollipop map of GADD45A and 22 immune cells. (C) A lollipop map of RBM24 and 22 immune cells. (D) A lollipop map of SLC3A2 and 22 immune cells. | PMC9570393 | ijms-23-11945-g007.jpg |
0.408197 | c2b15c7eda4842f994eb1c4388069be3 | Overall survival curves in dependence of R stage (p = 0.003). Perioperative deaths (n = 16) were excluded. Five patients with unclear resection margin due to tissue fragmentation were excluded. | PMC9570688 | jcm-11-05802-g001.jpg |
0.442839 | 853898c3b18441b6842312edbe937020 | Overall survival curves in dependence of T stage (p < 0.001). Subgroups T1 vs. T2 (p = 0.001), T1 vs. T3 (p < 0.001), T1 vs. T4 (p < 0.001), T2 vs. T3 (p = 0.001), T2 vs. T4 (p < 0.001), T3 vs. T4 (p = 0.349). Perioperative deaths (n = 16) were excluded. In one patient, no information on T stage was available. | PMC9570688 | jcm-11-05802-g002.jpg |
0.433149 | a516a052ca8746c6b13212b84a317b56 | Overall survival curves in dependence of vascular invasion (p < 0.001). Subgroups V0 vs. V1 (p < 0.001), V0 vs. V2 (p < 0.001), V1 vs. V2 (p = 0.066). Perioperative deaths (n = 16) were excluded. In two patients, no information on vascular infiltration was available. | PMC9570688 | jcm-11-05802-g003.jpg |
0.429046 | 484676b835a044c3b8de3bd30084d5a6 | Overall survival curves in dependence of AFP value (p < 0.001). Perioperative deaths (n = 16) were excluded. AFP values were available in 196 of 233 patients. AFP: alpha-fetoprotein. | PMC9570688 | jcm-11-05802-g004.jpg |
0.436176 | d8f98dc88d074741947eb03e6f0f1cf8 | (A) XRD of the implant after the surface coating. The diffraction peaks show highly crystalline hydroxyapatite with crystallites preferentially oriented along the axis c; (B) OH vibration bands in the FTIR spectrum of as-sputtered HA coatings for 180 min and 120 W RF power sputtering time. | PMC9570843 | polymers-14-04030-g001.jpg |
0.470689 | 3009ca009933437db66786e2f2ec5633 | Characterization of implant surfaces by SEM. (a,c) implant without surface treatment; (b,d) implantation after coating with a thin film of hydroxyapatite (300 nm). | PMC9570843 | polymers-14-04030-g002.jpg |
0.455138 | 46962f1c86934199addf78800829a6ca | Image segmentation of the original picture. (a) Polarized image of the interface area; (b) Image segmentation with Image ProPlus, showing the implant (black), connective tissue (red), and newly formed bone (yellow). Magnification: 10×. | PMC9570843 | polymers-14-04030-g003.jpg |
0.434737 | 71d832f4c71645329bde0be305b52153 | Original and segmented images of each group. (a,b) Regular instrumentation without rhBMP-7; (c,d) Regular instrumentation with rhBMP-7; (e,f) Over-instrumentation without rhBMP-7; (g,h) Over-instrumentation with rhBMP-7. Colors: BLACK—implant; RED—connective tissue; YELLOW—new bone formation. | PMC9570843 | polymers-14-04030-g004.jpg |
0.391027 | 57b668dc4fce41a9ba38c77b923eacfd | Statistical analysis of volume density of connective tissue and newly formed bone around implants with standard instrumentation and over-instrumented, with and without the addition of rhBMP-7. (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01). | PMC9570843 | polymers-14-04030-g005.jpg |
0.44826 | fcbd82a24feb41659ce89ddba30f98ae | The full-scale dynamometer test stand (a) general view [13]; (b) test cabin [27]. | PMC9571107 | materials-15-06821-g001.jpg |
0.483218 | 3c6edf67781c4bfc9aa2ab6242fcfddc | Schematic illustration of the considered friction couple. | PMC9571107 | materials-15-06821-g002.jpg |
0.491646 | 6179dc29100c42089c10bb39ac53c113 | Variations of the contact pressure p(t) during tests: (a) no. 1; (b) no. 2. Comparison of the experimental data (marked with crosses) and the approximation by the function (11) (solid lines). | PMC9571107 | materials-15-06821-g003.jpg |
0.399196 | b8430d5919de4eadae265b6e9019a15c | Changes of the velocity V(t) during tests: (a) no. 1; (b) no. 2. Comparison of the experimental data (marked with crosses) and the approximation by means of the function (16) (solid lines). | PMC9571107 | materials-15-06821-g004.jpg |
0.411544 | 798f837ca33048b883409139ad052518 | Changes of the instantaneous coefficients of friction μ(t) measured during tests (marked with crosses): (a) no. 1; (b) no. 2. Solid lines present the constant, mean values of friction coefficients. | PMC9571107 | materials-15-06821-g005.jpg |
0.390738 | 884ebbd78e6f440bae6e308fc96d2a0a | Changes of the specific friction power q(t) during processes: (a) no. 1; (b) no. 2. Comparison of the experimental data (marked with crosses) and its approximation by the function (18) (solid lines). | PMC9571107 | materials-15-06821-g006.jpg |
0.468145 | 337633eee4fb40b9877a4b8eb91bb228 | Temperature T achieved 1 mm below the friction surface during two braking applications: (a) no. 1; (b) no. 2. The experimental data (marked with crosses) and the corresponding theoretical results (solid lines). | PMC9571107 | materials-15-06821-g007.jpg |
0.485714 | d2c2afa0197147ceb448d011b311b455 | Evolutions of the temperature T on the friction surface z = 0 and inside the disc on a few selected depths z for two braking applications: (a) no. 1; (b) no. 2. | PMC9571107 | materials-15-06821-g008.jpg |
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