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{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "When it is not specified what the helper did...\n\n> 私はとても忙しいので、彼 **を** 手伝うことができない。\n\nWhen both action and person being helped are specified...\n\n> 彼女は私 **に** 仕事 **を** 手伝うように頼んだ。\n\nWhen it is not specified whom the helper helped...\n\n> 彼はこの計画 **を** 手伝うだろう。\n\nIs there some patterns or It's just that I don't understand? And if I want to\nsay... \"Can you help me clean the classroom?\" with くれる, 手伝う, and 掃除, what will\nthe sentence be like?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T03:57:38.447",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48015",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-04T15:52:18.373",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "15891",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"particles",
"phrase-requests"
],
"title": "Seemingly Inconsistent Particle Usage with the Verb 手伝う",
"view_count": 506
} | [
{
"body": "The meaning of 手伝う is: 《五他》他人の仕事をたすけて、うまく行くように力を添える。 \"To help with people's\nwork, pay effort to make sure it works out well.\"\n\nSo you can understand it this way:\n\n_私はとても忙しいので、 **彼を手伝う** ことができない。_\n\n_As I am really busy, i cannot help **him ( with his work )._**\n\n_彼女は私に **仕事を手伝う** ように頼んだ。_\n\n_She asked me to **help with her work**._\n\n_彼はこの **計画を手伝う** だろう。_\n\n_He will probably **help with the project**._\n\nAs Japanese is a Topic-Prominent Language, the informations that are\nirrelevant or commonly known by both the speaker / reader are usually omitted.\n\nSo to say \"Can you help me clean the classroom?\" with くれる, 手伝う, and 掃除, there\nwill be two ways:\n\n 1. 私を手伝って(、一緒に教室の掃除をして)くれませんか？\n 2. (私一人では大変だから、)教室の掃除を手伝ってくれませんか？\n\nWhich those information within the bracket can be optionally omitted, if you\nfeel like it.\n\nHope that helps.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T04:54:52.083",
"id": "48018",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-04T04:54:52.083",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22397",
"parent_id": "48015",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 48015 | null | 48018 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "What is the difference between the negatives ~ぬ and ~ず, e.g.\n\n。。。飲まず \n。。。飲まぬ\n\nThanks",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T06:56:49.000",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48020",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-04T07:01:22.223",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-04T07:01:22.223",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "9908",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"auxiliary-ず",
"negation"
],
"title": "Difference ~ぬ and ~ず",
"view_count": 92
} | []
| 48020 | null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48022",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was reading the transcript of Bilingual News and came across the word 雨粉 in\na discussion about Mars.\n\nNone of the internet dictionaries I checked had this word. Google thought I\nwas searching a Chinese word.\n\nWhat is the reading - amegona? Something else?\n\nI assume it means raindrop.\n\nEdit: Perhaps I copied the word wrongly and it's actually ametsuba.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T08:36:55.437",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48021",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-04T08:57:35.467",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-04T08:53:35.523",
"last_editor_user_id": "21868",
"owner_user_id": "21868",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "雨粉 pronunciation and meaning",
"view_count": 76
} | [
{
"body": "雨粉 must be a typo of **雨粒｛あまつぶ｝** a _raindrop_ or like that.\n\n雨粒 is read _ama-tsubu_ , neither _ame-tsubu_ nor _ame-tsuba_.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T08:49:22.267",
"id": "48022",
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"parent_id": "48021",
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}
]
| 48021 | 48022 | 48022 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48029",
"answer_count": 4,
"body": "> みなさん、夏休みのすごし方で **注意すること** を発表して下さい。 \n> Everyone, please present the things you would _advise_ for ways to spend\n> the summer holidays.\n\nI often get confused with the meaning of 注意. Given that 注意 can also mean\n'warn/caution' etc. I assumed that when it means 'advice' it is in the sense\nof 'if you don't take my advice it would be a poor decision'. But, this\nsentence just seems to be asking for suggestions on nice ways to spend the\nsummer holidays. Have I misunderstood the sentence? What does 注意 actually\nmean?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T09:36:14.723",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48023",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-04T14:23:43.987",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "7944",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Meaning of 注意 in the context of advice",
"view_count": 653
} | [
{
"body": "> 注意すること\n\nI think this is like 注意事項｛ちゅういじこう｝ which means: \nimportant points; precautions; points to note; suggestions; hints.\n\n> But, this sentence just seems to be asking for suggestions on nice ways to\n> spend the summer holidays.\n\nIn this sense, your guess is perfectly correct.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T10:53:40.770",
"id": "48025",
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{
"body": "I personally don't think of 「注意」 as \"advice\" at all like the words 「アドバイス」 or\n「助言」. I think the closest translation to 「注意する」 that you can think of in any\ncase is \" _beware_ \" or \" _warn_ \". So in the case of your sentence:\n\n> みなさん、夏休みのすごし方で注意することを発表して下さい。 = Please all, present the things you would\n> warn somebody about as a way of spending summer vacations.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T11:02:23.640",
"id": "48026",
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{
"body": "> this sentence just seems to be asking for suggestions on nice ways to spend\n> the summer holidays. Have I misunderstood the sentence?\n\nAlmost OK. In this case, **注意する** is a intransitive verb which means \"take\ncare\" or \"pay attention\". The speaker (maybe a teacher) wants to let them\n(maybe students) present the things that _they each_ would take care of to let\nthem find the things by themselves.\n\n> みなさん、夏休みのすごし方で注意することを発表して下さい。\n\nIt means \"Everyone, please present the things you would take care of to spend\nthe summer holidays\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T11:49:06.883",
"id": "48028",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-04T11:49:06.883",
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"owner_user_id": "22292",
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{
"body": "This 注意 is simply \"caution\" in the sense of \"If you don't follow this, a bad\nthing can happen to you.\" Typical 夏休みの注意 given at school are:\n\n * 繁華街やデパートに子どもだけで行かないこと。 (or you may receive guidance from a police officer)\n * 水辺など危険な場所へは立ち入らないこと。 (or you may drown)\n * 夜はちゃんと布団をかけて寝ること。 (or you may catch a cold)\n\nIf you are thinking of \"advice\" such as 15日は花火大会に行くと楽しいはず, then that's not\nwhat the teacher is asking about.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T11:56:58.913",
"id": "48029",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-04T14:23:43.987",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-04T14:23:43.987",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "48023",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 48023 | 48029 | 48029 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48031",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Related question: [How do you write someone's name if you don't know what\nkanji to use?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/5313/how-do-you-\nwrite-someones-name-if-you-dont-know-what-kanji-to-use) , but that's for the\nname of a non-notable person.\n\nI'd like to know the Japanese name of someone who's been in the news of\nEnglish-language media (Masaaki Imaeda). He doesn't have an English-language\nWikipedia article yet, so I can't just look him up and see what the Japanese\nlanguage edition has as his name.\n\nI tried googling \"まさあき いまえだ シドニー\", but that didn't seem to get many useful\nresults. Even \"今枝正明 シドニー\" mainly gave results in Chinese.\n\n(I'm assuming that he's been covered in Japanese-language media, which may not\nbe the case)\n\nHe was born in Japan and came to Australia in\n[1973](http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/slum-lord-fined-215000-after-fire-guts-\nillegal-housing-setup-in-alexandria-20170310-guv3pu.html), and was born in\n[1951 or 1950](http://www.news.com.au/national/crime/photographs-reveal-for-\nthe-first-time-the-secret-sex-lair-where-slumlord-pervert-masaaki-imaeda-\nspied-on-tenants/news-story/31cfd10f20e11412f2f5ae29cc3dfb48), so he would\nhave been a young adult when he came to Australia.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T11:38:46.153",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48027",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-15T11:07:37.593",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-15T11:07:37.593",
"last_editor_user_id": "91",
"owner_user_id": "91",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"names"
],
"title": "How do I find out the written form of a notable person given their name's pronunciation?",
"view_count": 185
} | [
{
"body": "If that person is really\n[notable](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%89%B9%E7%AD%86%E6%80%A7_\\(%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9\\))\nenough in Japanese, the hiragana name should always be in his/her article on\nJapanese Wikipedia, so you should be able to find the kanji name with his/her\nhiragana name by using Google or Wikipedia search. [Wikipedia:スタイルマニュアル\n(人物伝)](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB_\\(%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E4%BC%9D\\)#.E5.90.8D.E5.89.8D.E3.81.A8.E8.AA.AD.E3.81.BF.E4.BB.AE.E5.90.8D)\nsays:\n\n> 名前の直後に括弧（）をつけ、最初に読み仮名を記載してください。\n\nExample:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/wFX9h.png)\n\nIf that person is not that notable, practically, all you can do is make random\nguesses on kanji and keep googling until you hit something.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T12:22:26.343",
"id": "48031",
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| 48027 | 48031 | 48031 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48034",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 出口で不審な人物や娘が出てこない **かと** 待ち伏せた。\n\nIs that quotative 「と」 + 「か」 for indirect questions?\n\nI'm not sure how to translate this sentence. I know that similar questions\nalready exist but I don't understand the meaning of this particles before the\nverb 「待ち伏せる」.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T12:25:30.880",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48032",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-04T20:36:58.023",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-04T20:36:58.023",
"last_editor_user_id": "20522",
"owner_user_id": "20522",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"particles",
"syntax"
],
"title": "か + と particles with a non-quotation verb",
"view_count": 1555
} | [
{
"body": "「か」 as you may know is a particle that shows uncertainty, usually to create a\nquestion. Here, even though it is not what we call in english a question, it\nacts like exactly like it.\n\n「と」 is the quotation particle. A quotation is not necessarily marked with a\nquotative verb such as 「言う」, 「伝える」, 「思う」 and all, but it is always implied\neven though we don't necessarily think of it.\n\n「かと」 can be seen as a combination and the meaning of it depends on the verb\nthat follows, with a verb like 「心配する」, 「 **か** と心配している」 would mean _\" I am\nworried **whether**...\"_. As you see, I translate the 「か」 into \" _whether_ \"\nto express uncertainty. As for the 「と」, you can imagine the verb 「思う」 in\nbetween 「と」 and 「心配する」 to make it easier to understand.\n\n> 死んだかと心配してる。 = I am worried whether he died (or not).\n>\n> 死んだかと(思って)心配してる。 = I am worried (thinking) \"did he die?\".\n\nThe verb implied is not always 「思う」 though, it can be 「する」 as in:\n\n> ドアを開けようと(して)口を開いた瞬間... = At the moment I opened my mouth trying to open the\n> door... (from ゼロから始める異世界生活)\n\nAnyway you get the point. As for your sentence, here is my interpretation:\n\n> 出口で不審な人物や娘が出てこないかと待ち伏せた。 = I layed an ambush thinking \"aren't a suspicious\n> character and girl going to come out\" at the exit.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T12:56:34.950",
"id": "48034",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"owner_user_id": "22196",
"parent_id": "48032",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 10
}
]
| 48032 | 48034 | 48034 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48035",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "In an exercise in my textbook, there's the following instruction in one of the\nexercises:\n\n> 友達のいちばん好きな言葉を書いて **もらいましょう** 。その読み方と意味を質問してください。\n\nThe bold もらいましょう really confuses me. I'd expect something like -て くれましょう or\nあげましょう but \"to receive\"? \"Let's receive the favor of having written our\nfriends favorite word\"?\n\nIt kind of works, but it feels so funny that I wonder whether I misinterpreted\nthe function of this -て もらう construction here xD",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T12:49:12.337",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48033",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-06T00:06:07.523",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-06T00:06:07.523",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"subsidiary-verbs",
"giving-and-receiving"
],
"title": "How do I have to understand that phrase",
"view_count": 123
} | [
{
"body": "Well, first 「もらう」 doesn't not really mean \" _receive the favor... \"_ as you\ntranslated it, but it means most of the time \" _get... \"_. A lot of times,\n\"get\" is the most accurate translation you can get for 「もらう」, some examples:\n\n> 一口もらっていい？ = can I get a bite? (to eat) **or** can I take a bite?\n>\n> もらったカードを使って。 = Use the card you got.\n>\n> 彼にやってもらったことをちゃんと思い出して。 = Just remember the things you got him doing\n\nI am not a translator but what you want to be doing learning a language is not\nperfectly translating into your mother tongue (which is useless if you don't\nwant to become translator), but write literal translation which will help you\nunderstand the real logic of japanese through your mother tongue. So you\nshould not be worried about weird translations because the \"logic of japanese\nlanguage\" is very different than english's.\n\nAnyway, if there is a word you could think of as \" _do a favor_...\", it is\n「～くれる」, because the one who does the action of 「くれる」 is a third person that\ndoes something (or gives something) to you/your circle:\n\n> 彼がやってくれたこと。 = The things he did for me.\n>\n> 彼がやったこと。 = The things he did.\n\nAnyway to sum it up, 「もらう」 does not have imply a \" _favor_ \" or something,\njust the fact that you get something, or someone to do an action:\n\n> 友達のいちばん好きな言葉を書いてもらいましょう。その読み方と意味を質問してください。 = Let's get (them?) write their\n> friends' most liked word. And ask them the meaning and reading.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T13:26:16.633",
"id": "48035",
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"parent_id": "48033",
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"score": 2
}
]
| 48033 | 48035 | 48035 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48039",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So I know 割り切る has the meaning of (to find a clear solution / to come to a\nclean decision / to give a clear explanation / to divide)\n\nI've been playing a few visual novels and when I bump into this expression I\ncant seem to connect it with the above meanings\n\nFor example\n\nかぁ〜！またややこしいことに…向こうも浮気と割り切ってんならまだ簡単だったのに\n\nSo does it have a separate meaning ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T14:41:39.417",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48036",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-04T17:46:38.793",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "16352",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "Can someone explain the usage of 割り切る in general?",
"view_count": 970
} | [
{
"body": "The literal and basic meaning of 割り切る is \"to (cleanly) divide\", as in\n10は2と5で割り切れる (=\"Ten is evenly divisible by 2 and 5.\"). Another meaning of this\nverb is related to this but is rather nuanced. It's something like \"to take it\nas-is without worrying too much\", \"to make a decision anyway ignoring trivial\nthings\", \"to (forcibly) convince oneself\", etc.\n\n> * お金のためだと割り切って嫌な仕事をする \n> to do an unpleasing job convincing oneself that it's just for money\n> * 割り切れない気持ち \n> complicated feelings, feelings not logically describable\n> * 割り切ってしまえばホームレス生活も悪くない。 \n> Life on the streets is not that bad once you've stopped worrying about it.\n> * 過去は過去だと割り切りましょう。 \n> Don't let your past determine your present.\n> * 人生には割り切りも必要だ。 \n> Sometimes it's necessary to make a practical decision ignoring something.\n>\n\nI think definitions on jisho.org are not really spot-on. I could not find\nsatisfactory definitions/translations even in other dictionaries, so the\ntranslations above are largely based on my own understanding.\n\nIn your example, 浮気と割り切る probably means \"to take it merely as a _cheating_ \"\nor \"to have no illusion about _cheating_ \", implying the other person is not\ngoing to cross a line and break the marital relationship.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T16:40:53.070",
"id": "48039",
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "48036",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 48036 | 48039 | 48039 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48043",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Can particles like を、で、に、and へ be used like nouns?\n\nCan you do something like:\n\n> [ 学校 + に ] + の + 学生 + です。= 学校にの学生です。 \n> [ School + at ] + *'s + student + is. = To-be at-school's student.\n\nIs this kind of structure allowed? Even if my example doesn't make sense, can\nyou do things like this? And if so, can you give me some examples of it being\nused properly?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T17:18:26.883",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48040",
"last_activity_date": "2022-11-08T15:13:25.517",
"last_edit_date": "2022-11-08T15:13:25.517",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "17968",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"nuances",
"particles",
"nouns"
],
"title": "Do particles like を、で、に、and へ、form noun-phrases?",
"view_count": 120
} | [
{
"body": "Basically you cannot treat 学校で like a noun. It's an _adverbial modifier_. But\nyou can turn them into adjective-like phrases by saying [での, への, との, からの, までの,\nand so on](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/33605/5010). をの does not\nexist. にの is very rare and you should use への instead.\n\nBTW, 学校にの学生です makes no sense to me.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T18:32:02.203",
"id": "48043",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-04T18:32:02.203",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "48040",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
}
]
| 48040 | 48043 | 48043 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48056",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am localising my app to Japanese.\n\nIn the app, there is an option to set the position of the image (イメージの位置) on a\npage that is going to be printed. It can be either on the top of the page, or\nat the bottom of the page.\n\nI need to translate the words \"top\" and \"bottom\", basically.\n\nCurrently, I am using 上 and 下, but I don't think they can be used to describe\nthe position on a page:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/qJyX1.png)\n\nI searched on jisho.org and found 頂上 and 底部, but I don't think they are\n\"exact\" opposites like 上 and 下. Or are they? I thought the antonym of 底部 was\n頂部 but I am not sure if that is a word (I can't find it on jisho.org)\n\nCan anyone suggest a pair of opposites that means top and bottom.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T17:18:37.853",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48041",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-05T04:11:32.673",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "18200",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"word-requests"
],
"title": "Words request: \"Top\" and \"bottom\" (of a page)",
"view_count": 430
} | [
{
"body": "Your screenshot looks perfect to me. 上 and 下 will work just fine for this\npurpose. 上部 and 下部 would be equally okay.\n\n頂上 is only for the top of a mountain or a similar structure. For some reason,\nI don't see the kanji 底 often used to refer to the bottom coordinate of a\nscreen, a window, etc.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-05T04:11:32.673",
"id": "48056",
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| 48041 | 48056 | 48056 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48055",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Let's take two top persons in Shodokan aikido.\n\n * Tetsuro Nariyama shihan (9 dan)\n\n * Shinnosuke Sakai sensei (6 dan)\n\nBoth persons are actively teaching.\n\nIn the dictionary,\n\n * 師範 (shihan) means \"instructor\", \"(fencing) teacher\", \"model\"\n\n * 先生 (sensei) means \"teacher\", \"master\", \"doctor\"\n\n# Questions\n\nIs 師範 higher than 先生?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T17:50:04.490",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48042",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-05T03:48:40.503",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "11192",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"word-choice"
],
"title": "When talking about Japanese martial arts, is 師範 higher than 先生?",
"view_count": 114
} | [
{
"body": "Probably yes, but it's not as simple as \"大佐 is higher than 中佐\" or \"部長 is\nhigher than 課長\".\n\n先生 is a generic term, and many people are called 先生; school teachers,\nphysicians, lawyers, politicians, professional shogi/go players, and so on.\nBut no one is formally 先生 because it's basically an honorific term. We never\nsee 先生 on name cards, where the most proper title is expected.\n\n * [What's the difference between kyōshi and sensei?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/42712/5010)\n\nOn the other hand, today 師範 is basically only for instructors of martial arts.\n師範 works as a proper title on a name card, but each martial art school has\ntheir own definition of 師範. Strictly speaking, 先生 and 師範 do not even belong to\nthe same hierarchy.\n\nThat said, 師範 is generally only for very high people. For example, on 講道館's\nweb site, the only person referred to as 師範 is\n[嘉納治五郎](http://kodokanjudoinstitute.org/others/organization//), the deceased\nfounder of 講道館. So if you see 師範 and 先生 both used in the same page, you can\nusually assume the 師範 is the higher person.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-05T03:48:40.503",
"id": "48055",
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]
| 48042 | 48055 | 48055 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "絶対立派なハンターになって戻ってくるから！\n\nIs he saying that he'll come back AS a great hunter, or is it possible that he\ncould become a great hunter, then stop being a great hunter, and come back not\na great hunter? The difference seems minuscule but it's important in the work\nI'm doing right now.\n\nBasically, \"I will become a great hunter and come back!\" or \"I will come back\nas a great hunter!\"\n\nOr could it mean either one? Thank you.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T19:35:56.383",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48044",
"last_activity_date": "2017-08-03T06:24:40.670",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "22083",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Will he be a great hunter when he returns, or could he become one but not come back as one?",
"view_count": 98
} | [
{
"body": "Both technically work but I find it hard to imagine a situation where you\nwould tell someone that you will become a great hunter, then stop being a\ngreat hunter and then come back... The phrase sounds a slight bit like\nbragging too, in the sense of ｢絶対立派なハンターになってみせるぞ！」so I doubt it is meant to\nimply that he/she won't be be all that great anymore upon return.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-05T00:11:34.660",
"id": "48050",
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{
"body": "The phrase itself means \"I will become a great hunter and come back\", which\nimplies \"I will not come back until I've become a great hunter\", which implies\n\"I will come back as a great hunter\". At least to my knowledge. Therefore it\ncould technically mean either, however the sentence itself should mean the\nfirst one.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-08-03T06:24:40.670",
"id": "51985",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 48044 | null | 48050 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48052",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "When listing nouns like 「鶏肉とか、豚肉とか、牛肉ですよ。」, are you allowed to say something\nlike 「鶏肉とか、豚肉とか、だから、牛肉ですよ。」 to indicate a thusly relationship between the\nother items, in the sense that if the previous elements are so, then obviously\nthe next one makes sense to be there too?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T21:00:28.997",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48045",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-05T02:29:49.743",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "17968",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"nuances"
],
"title": "When listing nouns, can you add だから between two elements to say \"and, thus\"?",
"view_count": 121
} | [
{
"body": "No, you can't use だから there. Instead, you can say:\n\n> *\n> 鶏肉とか、豚肉とか、[あと](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/forum/viewtopic.php?id=7736)もちろん牛肉ですよ。\n> * 鶏肉とか、豚肉とか、それから当然、牛肉ですよ。\n>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-05T02:29:49.743",
"id": "48052",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-05T02:29:49.743",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 48045 | 48052 | 48052 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "I have a quick question about something I've come across in a piece of\nJapanese fiction:\n\n> こっちはこっちで結構やばい橋を渡ってたんだぜ？\n\nThe \"こっちはこっちで\" I believe is an expression but it's difficult to decipher, can\nsomeone explain its meaning/how it's used?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T21:14:45.190",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48046",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-05T04:13:53.820",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "22405",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"expressions"
],
"title": "What does the expression \"こっちはこっちで\" mean?",
"view_count": 620
} | []
| 48046 | null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48059",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Sorry if the title is confusing, but the gist of it is whether the given\nsentence:\n\n鶏肉とか、豚肉とか、牛肉ですよ。\n\nMay be truncated down to:\n\n鶏とか、豚とか、牛肉ですよ。or maybe 鶏、豚、牛肉ですよ。\n\nYou know, if there're suffix morphemes that are common to all the list\nmembers, can the last element be used to imply these common morphemes in a way\nlike those shown above. Or does Japanese not allow this like English does with\nmulti-word noun-phrases?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-04T21:17:50.490",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48047",
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"owner_user_id": "17968",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 4,
"tags": [
"nuances"
],
"title": "Can a list's last noun help imply the common suffixial morphemes of it's sister nouns?",
"view_count": 91
} | [
{
"body": "A very interesting question. \nAs for the question, yes. The last noun of the list can help imply the common\nsuffixial morphemes of its (not it's) sister nouns.\n\nIf the answer is yes, I know you may presume that the Japanese people are\npatient to the last or they are clever enough to remember how the preceding\nnouns become at the last. As for your presumption, I have a clear answer.\n\nYou know that the whole meaning of a Japanese sentence is decided at the last\nphrase like: 私は金持ちで **ある** / **ない**. The Japanese people have been trained for\na long long time by this character of the Japanese language, so it's a cinch\nfor us to wait for the last noun, whatever it becomes.\n\nRelating to this story, I know the native speaker of English is also patient. \nWe say like: 豚肉と牛肉と鶏肉とを買います or 豚肉か牛肉か鶏肉かを買います while, you say like: _I'll buy\npork, beef and chicken_. or _I'll buy pork, beef or chicken_.\n\nWe know at 豚肉 **と** , the suffix of the first noun, the outline of what you\nwant to say in the sentence in Japanese, but you can't know the outline of the\nsentence until you meet **and** at last in English.\n\nBut this is one of rare exceptions. Usually you say a key word that decides\nthe whole meaning of what you are going to say in the early stage like: _I\n**know** that_ / _I **don't know** that_; _There **are** A, B, C and D_ /\n_There **is** A, B, C or D_.",
"comment_count": 0,
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| 48047 | 48059 | 48059 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 話は通してある\n\nThis is a phrase I've come across a few times recently in manga.\n\nFor example:\n\n> 「ユキにも話は通してある」\n\nI'm not familiar with it so I'm not quite sure of it's correct meaning and\nusage, looking online I've only managed to find a meaning for the phrase:\n\"話を通して\" - with the を particle instead of the は - which means to \"get it\nexplained to…/run it by…\" with the nuance of getting consent from somebody.\n\nHow does 話は通してある differ? Does it have a similar or even the same meaning as\n話を通して? Or if it 話は通してある has a different meaning completely, will someone\nkindly explain?\n\nMany thanks!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-05T01:09:17.377",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48051",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-05T12:59:21.393",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "22408",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"particle-は",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "The meaning and nuance behind the phrase \"話は通してある\"",
"view_count": 316
} | [
{
"body": "It has roughly the same meaning as 話を通してある. The key here is that you can\nreplace を with は when the object is focused or contrasted. It's a general\ngrammatical rule.\n\nRelated questions:\n\n * [Why can は and を sometimes be used interchangeably?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/23378/5010)\n * [\"は + verb\" instead of \"を + verb\"?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/17817/5010)\n * [Particle は replacing を - where does the stress lie?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/14708/5010)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-05T03:13:50.173",
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| 48051 | null | 48054 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48057",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I recently acquired _The New Nelson Japanese-English Character Dictionary_ ,\nand all of the characters inside are ordered by radicals. I understand what a\nradical is in the most basic sense--sub sections of Kanji Characters that\nreoccur in many different characters throughout the language. I also\nunderstand that they often affect the meaning of the overall character.\n\nI am largely self taught, with the exception of an advanced college course\nthat I took. I have studied some kanji Characters, and can read about 400-600\ncharacters. However, in my experience I have not received any formal training\nin radicals.\n\nSo, how do I determine which radical in a character is the primary radical?\n\n**Bonus:**\n\nI'm still studying this on my own, so you don't have to answer this if you\ndon't want to. I think I'll be able to figure it out eventually. If you know a\nsimple way to explaining the order of radicals, or the best way to study them,\nthat would be welcome too.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-05T03:13:40.563",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48053",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-05T04:24:19.203",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "22352",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"radicals"
],
"title": "How do I know which radical in a character is the primary radical?",
"view_count": 527
} | [
{
"body": "There is a list of steps [here](https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/how-to-find-\nthe-kanji-radical/).\n\nAccording to that page, here are the places, going in order, that you should\nlook for the radical:\n\n**1. The entire character**\n\nIf the entire character is a radical, then... well, that's the radical.\nExamples are 人 and 火. Also, if the character only contains one radical (not\nlisted in one of the 214 [Kangxi\nradicals](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangxi_radical)), then obviously that\nis as well.\n\n**2. Enclosures**\n\nAnything covering 2-4 sides of the character. Examples are 气, 凵, or 囗.\n\n**3. Left**\n\nRadicals on the left of the compound, but not underneath anything (e.g. 言 in 罰\ndoes not count). There are tons of possible radicals here, but the left parts\nof 忙, 休, and 私 are some examples.\n\n**4. Right**\n\nSame as above, but on the right. Examples include the right parts of 次 and 部.\n\n**5. Top**\n\nGrass (艹) and roof (宀) are very common examples, in characters like 花 and 守.\nNote that it has to be covering the _entire_ rest of the character, so\nsomething like grass in 描 doesn't count; the mountain in 崩 counts because it's\nentirely covering everything else.\n\n**6. Bottom**\n\nIf the top part is complex, it may be the bottom. 力 in 勢 is an example; so is\n木 in 楽 and 示 in 禁.\n\n**7. Top Left**\n\nNow we're getting a little desperate. If the entire character is split into a\nleft piece and a right piece, but neither is a radical, then try the upper\npart of the left half. For example, the radical of 執 turns out to be 土.\n\n**8. Top right**\n\nIf it's not in the top left, then try the top right. For example, 目 is the\nradical of 県.\n\n**9. Bottom right**\n\nThe mouth in 君 is in the bottom right, I guess.\n\n**10. Bottom left**\n\nI can't even find any examples other than what the site I linked gave, even\namong non-jouyou kanji. The bottom part of 虱 is the radical (because the\nenclosing part isn't actually a radical), and 米 in 糶.\n\n**11. Somewhere else**\n\nThere always has to be a catch-all, right? For example, 言 is the radical in 讎.\n\n* * *\n\nThere are probably exceptions, or cases where it's hard to tell/borderline (in\nfact, a few examples I gave probably fall into that category). In the worst\ncase scenario, you can at least narrow it down to two or so options and then\ntry both.",
"comment_count": 6,
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| 48053 | 48057 | 48057 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48060",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I was watching an anime, and there was a scene in which the protagonists,\nafter sneaking into a morgue, find their own dead bodies and confirm that they\nare, in fact, dead (there's lots of occult-y stuff going on, don't worry about\nit). Anyway, during the reveal, the main character says:\n\n```\n\n 「まじで？僕ら死んじゃったでエフエーなの？」\n \n```\n\nI looked up what エフエー meant since it was clearly meant to be FA, which should\nbe an abbreviation for something, but none of the words it stood for seemed to\nmake sense for the context. I found things like Free Agent, Factory\nAutomization, etc., but none of those make sense in this context. I guess the\nleast weird one would be Free Agent, but unless there's some meaning to that\nphrase that Japanese has come up with separate from the English definition, it\ndoesn't make sense. The translation that was given was, \"Seriously? So we all\ndied and that's it?\" I don't have any problems with the grammar, it all flows\nnormally, but I can't tell what FA is--we all died and what, exactly?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-05T05:56:06.567",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48058",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-05T08:04:36.873",
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"owner_user_id": "9596",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"usage"
],
"title": "Strange Usage of エフエー (FA)?",
"view_count": 1030
} | [
{
"body": "> The translation that was given was, \"Seriously? So we all died and that's\n> it?\"\n\nHow about the エフエー is **_final answer_**?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-05T06:16:07.647",
"id": "48060",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-05T06:16:07.647",
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},
{
"body": "ファイナルアンサー is a popular phrase which was said by a quizmaster in his popular TV\ngame show. He said it when he confirmed with a panelist whether your answer\nwas final. There are some meanings of an abbreviation FA and this エフエー(FA)\nwould be an abbreviation of ファイナルアンサー(Final Answer) to judge the meaning by\nthe context.\n\nThis is the TV show: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d2MqV4VioMo>",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-05T07:35:08.057",
"id": "48061",
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"score": 5
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| 48058 | 48060 | 48061 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "I've been learning about particles lately. As I'm still new to the language, I\ncan't tell the difference between these two particles when used for locations\nfor example:\n\n> 街を歩く\n\nDoes this mean walk through town?\n\n> 街に歩く\n\nDoes this mean walk to town?",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particle-に",
"particle-を"
],
"title": "What's the difference between particle を and に when used for location",
"view_count": 242
} | [
{
"body": "「街 **を** 歩く」means that people walks around a town and they must be inside of\ntown. Here is another particle 「 **へ** 」, which is more familiar than 「 **に**\n」 in this context. If people said that「街へ歩く」, this means that people head to a\ntown and they probably are on their way to visit and must be outside of town.\n「街に歩く」isn't a correct exression to use particle 「に」. To make it more sense\nwith 「 **に** 」, I'd say 「街に向かって歩く」, which means almost the same as「街へ歩く」.",
"comment_count": 3,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-05T08:39:36.593",
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| 48063 | null | 48064 |
{
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"body": "When I encounter these two, I usually don't have a problem understanding their\nmeaning in the given context. Still, I don't really know what makes them\ndifferent from each other xD \n-なくて still is relatively easy for me to determine, since its the negated て form.\n\n> その人がすきじゃなくて、会うに行く。 \n> \"Not liking that person, I go meet him/her.\"\n\nI can't really determine what ないで is though, and therefore the difference\nbetween the two isn't completely clear to me.\n\n> 留学するつもりだったんですが、母に行かないでほしいって言われたんです。 \n> \"I wanted to study abroad, but I was told by my mother that she wishes that\n> I don't go.\"\n\nSo I do see that it is something along the lines of negation, but I still\ncan't thoroughly classify it's exact form and function :D",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-05T08:45:41.403",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"て-form",
"negation"
],
"title": "difference between -なくて and -ないで",
"view_count": 13349
} | [
{
"body": "Technically, ないで is a way of saying don't, or without doing. You can look up\nmore about it [here.](http://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-\njlpt-n4-grammar-%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%81%A7-naide/)\n\nない has some behaviors that are similar to those of ～い adjectives. ～なくて is akin\nto putting a comma at the end of a complete thought that ends with ない and\nadding additional information.\n\n> この仕事｛しごと｝は簡単｛かんたん｝じゃない。つらいです。\n\nThis sentance can be rephrased using the なくて grammar:\n\n> この仕事は簡単じゃなくて、つらいです。\n\n～ないで has a different nuance to it in that it is more of a command. My favorite\ntranslation of this is: \"don't\", or where that doesn't fit \"having not done\n___\".\n\nYour example sentence is a great example of the \"don't\" meaning:\n\n> 留学するつもりだったんですが、母に行かないでほしいって言われたんです。\n>\n> I was planning on doing study abroad, but mom says she doesn't want me to\n> go.\n\nHere is an example sentence using the \"having not done___\"\n\n> だめだけど、食｛た｝べないで仕事に行｛い｝くつもりです。\n>\n> It's not a great idea, but I plan on going to work without eating first.",
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| 48065 | null | 48070 |
{
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"body": "So, my textbook just taught me about -たつもり and -ているつもり, stuff like this:\nあの人は、全知があったつもりで話している。 => That person talks as if she had omniscience.\n\nThe \"as if\" pattern was introduced as a pattern for translation by my\ntextbook, but I already run into trouble using it on the exercises in it. See\nhere for example:\n\nA:「つもり貯金」って何ですか。 B: 欲しい物があっても買わないで、それを **買ったつもり** で貯金することです。\n\nFirst, I already have trouble with つもり貯金, I dont really know how to translate\nit. However the main issue here is that I can't see how I should translate\nthis with the \"as if\" pattern. Other constructions which carry the subjunctive\nmood also don't really work here in my opinion.\n\nI usually would translate it like this:\n\nA: (To save money(?)) what is this? B: Even though you wish to have a thing,\nyou don't buy it, and you save money **with the intention to buy it**.\n\nI'd also like to point out that two other questions of mine ripple into this\none here: 1. Concerning -ないで [difference between -なくて and\n-ないで](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/48065/difference-\nbetween-%e3%81%aa%e3%81%8f%e3%81%a6-and-%e3%81%aa%e3%81%84%e3%81%a7) 2.\nConcerning つもり **で** [what is this で in this\nsentence](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/47990/what-is-\nthis-%e3%81%a7-in-this-sentence/48006#48006)\n\nMy translation is based on what I got from my second question linked here.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-05T10:47:27.913",
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"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Problems with たつもり and -ているつもり",
"view_count": 3389
} | [
{
"body": "\"With the intention to buy it\" would be 買うつもりで. Since the example is 買ったつもりで,\nit means \"with imagination as if you had bought it\".\n\nIncidentally, \"as if she had omniscience\" translates into （まるで）全知のつもりで or\n全知であるかのように.\n\n買った and …である indicate that the issue has been realized while 買う does that it\nhas not happened yet. That's the difference.\n\n（全知 is not a substantial noun but a so called の adjective, so 全知があった doesn't\nmake sense apart from some philosophical expression. Imaginary conditional in\nJapanese is not a particular category beside normal conditional.)",
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{
"body": "つもり貯金 in this context is \"As-if you had... savings\".\n\nB's answer doesn't mean \"with the intention of buying it\", but rather putting\nthe money you **had intended** to spend on the desired item aside as savings\ninstead.",
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| 48067 | null | 48074 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48071",
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"body": "What monster particle is this? \nThis is from my textbook:\n\n> そんなに働いてばかりいないで、たまには旅行 **にでも** 行ったほうがいいです。\n\nI wrote it in bold. I would analyse it as に で も. But I can't make sense of it.\n\nEDIT: I also don't really understand the purpose of は in たまには in this context.\nIt could work as a topic marker, but I usually don't see は after adverbs, so\nit's a bit strange to me.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-05T11:33:15.667",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 8,
"tags": [
"particles",
"particle-でも"
],
"title": "What particle is にでも and what does it mean?",
"view_count": 3516
} | [
{
"body": "Great question. For the sake of keeping my answer shortish, I am going to\nassume that you understand everything in the sentence before the comma. I'll\nedit the answer if that isn't the case. :)\n\nThere are two parts to that monster particle of yours: に and でも。 The に\nparticle is the particle that indicates direction, someplace a person goes. In\nthis case, に modifies 旅行。 So the first part of your particle simply means \"on\nvacation\"\n\nでも in this case is a way of saying \"... or something\" I imagine that you have\nalso encountered でも in your studies, and that it meant \"but,\" or \"however.\"\nThese translations are correct as well. でも is actually quite versatile, and I\nsuggest you look at the variety of definitions\n[here.](http://jisho.org/word/%E3%81%A7%E3%82%82)\n\nLong story short, your sentence means:\n\n> そんなに働いてばかりいないで、たまには旅行にでも行ったほうがいいです。\n>\n> You shouldn't put all of your effort into working all the time, you should\n> take the time to go **on** vacation **or something**.\n\nThe bold parts are what にでも would appear in English.\n\nたまには is another one of those weird Japanese quirks. You can actually remove\nthe は from the sentence and still have it mean the same thing. This really\nhits on the meaning of the particle は。 The best way to put it in this case is\nthat the は is putting an emphasis on the たまに in this sentence, in effect\nmarking it as a pseudo subject. This kind of emphasis is typically implied in\nEnglish, but in Japanese we say it. は in this case actually changes\noccasionally (たまに) to something more along the lines of \"sometimes\", \"once in\na while\", or \"from time to time\". Be careful though, because not all に adverbs\ncan be modified this way, but it's not unheard of either.\n\nNote: in the first half of this sentence we encounter the ～ないで grammar that\nyou asked about in a [previous\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/48065/22352). In this case it\nmeans \"don't.\"",
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| 48068 | 48071 | 48071 |
{
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"body": "I've noticed the [animation\nseries](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spice_and_Wolf) named 狼と香辛料, or \"Ookami\nto Koushinryou\", is sometimes referred to as \"Spice and Wolf\" and sometimes as\n\"Wolf and Spice\". Now, I'm no expert in Japenese reading order, but I do\nremember that it's basically the reverse of English; and that \"to\" means\n\"and\", and \"Ookami\" means \"wolf\". That should imply the correct reading order\nis \"Spice and Wolf\" - but is it actually more symmetric and can be read both\nways?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-05T15:42:03.483",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"reading-comprehension"
],
"title": "Reading order: \"Wolf and Spice\" or \"Spice and Wolf\"?",
"view_count": 625
} | [
{
"body": "It's not always backwards, though it is quite often. Wolf and Spice is usually\nwhat you would encounter in translation because it follows the order in which\nit was listed. Likewise, you would say the phrase \"cats and dogs\" as 猫と犬。You\ncould reverse the order in English, and it would be reversed in Japanese as\nwell.\n\nHowever, this appears to be an exception since when I looked up the series on\namazon I found [this.](https://www.amazon.co.jp/Spice-Wolf-Vol-Isuna-\nHasekura/dp/0759531048)",
"comment_count": 3,
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"body": "The idea that\n\n> [Japanese] is basically the reverse of English\n\nis mistaken on this point.\n\nLists in the Japanese language function exactly like their English\ncounterparts. i.e., if a Japanese speaker says, 大きい方から読みます (I am going to read\nfrom the largest to the smallest), they don't then say 1,2,3,4,5; they say\n5,4,3,2,1 -- just like we would in English.\n\nWhat might lead to the misunderstanding is that (as an oversimplification), a\nJapanese sentence is ordered SOV (subject object verb) whereas an English\nsentence is ordered SVO (subject verb object). But this is also true of\nClassical Latin\n(<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subject%E2%80%93object%E2%80%93verb#Latin>)...\n\nMight a translator reverse the order of the items in 狼と香辛料?\n\nSure, because that's not exactly an _ordered list_ , but this implies nothing\nabout the sequence in which a Japanese speaker would think of the terms.\nThere's no linguistic reason whatsoever to do so; it's merely a stylistic\nchoice.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-06T01:19:42.757",
"id": "48079",
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{
"body": "> 狼と香辛料 \"Ookami to Koushinryou\" \n> 香辛料と狼 \"Koushinryou to Ookami\" \n> \"Koushinryou\" means \"spice\", \"to\" means \"and\", and \"Ookami\" means \"wolf\"\n\nI'm sorry I misunderstood the fact that **狼と香辛料 _Ōkami to Kōshinryō_** is\noriginally a Japanese light novel series written in Japanese, and later, Yen\nPress licensed the light novels and is releasing them in English in North\nAmerica by the title of **_Spice and Wolf_**.\n\n> Now, I'm no expert in Japanese reading order, but I do remember that it's\n> basically the reverse of English; ...\n\nIt is your misunderstanding. Of course, there are always exceptions, but\nbasically the order of words including the title of the light novel is the\nsame in Japanese as in English. \nIf \"Spice and Wolf\" is better than \"Wolf and Spice\" in English, the reason may\npossibly lie in English language, not in Japanese. \nSo, the reason why Yen Press translated the title **狼と香辛料** into **_Spice and\nWolf_** seems to be off-topic for Japanese learners.\n\nIf I think about the reason why the author of the original light novel titled\nit 狼と香辛料 not 香辛料と狼 is that the former one might be superior to the latter one\nfrom the standpoint of **beauty** when the title is written or the **tone** in\nthe pronunciation.\n\nAs for the beauty of the placement of the combination of _kanji_ s and a\n_hiragana_ or the tone in the pronunciation of the title, it depends greatly\non the **aesthetic sense** of each individual, and I think the author's\naesthetic sense chose the order of the words as it shows.\n\nI could guess another reason for the order of the Japanese title 狼と香辛料. \nWe are familiar with **狼と赤｛あか｝ずきん** or **狼と赤ずきんちゃん** or simply 赤ずきん, which is\n\"Little Red Riding Hood\", or \"Little Red Ridinghood\", also known as \"Little\nRed Cap\" or simply \"Red Riding Hood\", that is a European fairy tale about a\nyoung girl and a Big Bad Wolf. So the sound of **狼と〇〇〇** is a very familiar\nword order for us Japanese. I think the word order also affected the author\nwhen he thought about the title of his new novel.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/GZHdS.jpg)",
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| 48072 | null | 48079 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48076",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Now, I'm not sure if this has been answered, I looked but couldn't find a\nproper answer... so I ask. :)\n\nWhile I was [listening to this](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GiYR74_V3Eo),\nI noticed the line 「空、翳{かげ}り」。Now, in the context of the song I of course\nunderstand what's being said (tho, 翳 was new to me), but I still don't quite\nunderstand why they would write 翳り、instead of 翳る or something like that?\n\nThis isn't the first time I've seen this of course, but I still don't quite\nunderstand why it's done; thus I ask.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-05T21:26:03.657",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"usage",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Why would you use a verbs stem (as state-of-being) rather than the verb itself?",
"view_count": 101
} | [
{
"body": "翳り is the continuative form of the verb. in this form it gives the sense that\nthere's more yet to be said.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-05T22:27:56.270",
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| 48075 | 48076 | 48076 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48081",
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"body": "I'm \"reading\" a cute comic about a cat that has por luck, at the top of each\nstrip is the title of the comic, but I can't identify this character:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/z1ezR.png)\n\nThe closest I can find is 生 (life), which might make sense in context, but is\nnot all that close visually.\n\nFor context, this is the entire comic: [](https://i.stack.imgur.com/nl3r2.jpg)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-06T01:40:28.910",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48080",
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"owner_user_id": "22428",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation",
"kanji",
"kana",
"writing-identification"
],
"title": "Having trouble identifying a kanji character in a comic strip",
"view_count": 188
} | [
{
"body": "It's 缶{かん}, which means 'can', like the can the poor cat is trying to open.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-06T01:43:38.960",
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| 48080 | 48081 | 48081 |
{
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"body": "For reference, I don't have a teacher.\n\nAn online resource I used described 'のために' as being 'for the benefit' of when\na verb is involved - the structure being NOUN のために VERB\n\nThe example given was\n\n> 日本語 が わからない人 の ため に えいご で 話してください \n> _Please speak English for the benefit of people that don't understand\n> Japanese._\n\nThe sentence I was _trying_ to write was: Please speak Japanese for the\nbenefit of me / Please speak JAPANESE for MY benefit. What I got was:\n\n> 私の ため に 日本語 で 話してください\n\nMy Japanese friends don't understand what I'm trying to say at all and can't\npoint out what's wrong with this sentence - just that it's gibberish.\n\n'I' is technically a noun. 'To speak' is the verb. Where did I go wrong?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-06T10:07:36.767",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48084",
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"last_edit_date": "2017-06-06T10:24:55.020",
"last_editor_user_id": "11792",
"owner_user_id": "14211",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"syntax"
],
"title": "'のために’ Usage - Why is 「私の ため に 日本語 で 話してください」 incorrect?",
"view_count": 595
} | [
{
"body": "This might be a mistake in your post rather than what you actually wrote to\nyour Japanese friends, however what you've written in Japanese is:\n\n_Please speak Japanese for my benefit_\n\nNot\n\n_Please speak English for my benefit_\n\nIf this is **_actually_** what you wrote, this would explain their confusion.\nYour sentence is fine, there are slightly more natural ways to express the\nsame thing, but there should be no reason for any confusion beyond you saying\n_Japanese_ instead of _English_.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-06T10:17:14.323",
"id": "48085",
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"body": "I think 私のために、日本語で話してください is grammatically correct. However if you are non-\nJapanese, your Japanese friends might be a bit confused because they would\nexpect to be said \"私のために、英語で話してください\" so that you could understand.\n\nIf you said 私の日本語の勉強のために、日本語で話してください, they would be able to understand what\nyou said.",
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| 48084 | null | 48086 |
{
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"body": "> そんなに絶望的な顔を **しちゃア** 、妾の涎が止まらなくなっちまうじゃあなィか **い** ♪\n\nI don't understand what that means. What is しちゃア and the last い ?\n\nI assume it means something like :\n\n> I can't stop drooling if you keep making that desesperate face.",
"comment_count": 5,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-06T11:12:01.813",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"sentence"
],
"title": "Trouble understanding しちゃア and ending かい",
"view_count": 593
} | [
{
"body": "It looks like manga-style sentence attempting to represent the way people\nspeak. I suspect the しちゃア is a contraction of してしまう, which is often contracted\nto しちゃう in everyday speech, in a dialect where that last う becomes an ア sound.\n\nThe last い simply looks like one of the many occasions where the regular か for\nquestions becomes かい in speech.\n\nYour translation might work if the speaker is the concubine/mistress (妾), but\nwithout further context, I'm hard pressed to understand why a concubine\n(several concubines?) would be drooling over someone looking especially down.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-06T14:05:28.850",
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{
"body": "> そんなに絶望的｛ぜつぼうてき｝な顔｛かお｝をし **ちゃア** 、妾｛わらわ｝の涎｛よだれ｝が止｛と｝まらなくなっ **ちまう** **じゃあ** 「\n> **なィかい♪** 」\n\nIt could be said formally like:\n\n> そんなに絶望的｛ぜつぼうてき｝な顔｛かお｝をし **たら** 、妾｛わらわ｝の涎｛よだれ｝が止｛と｝まらなくなっ **てしまう** **では**\n> 「ないかい♪」\n>\n> そんなに絶望的｛ぜつぼうてき｝な顔｛かお｝をし **たら** 、妾｛わらわ｝の涎｛よだれ｝が止｛と｝まらなくなっ **てしまう** 。「\n> **そうは思わないかい？** / **そうだよね。** 」\n\n_I couldn't stop drooling if you keep making that hopeless/desperate face.\nDon't you think so?_ \n_I couldn't stop drooling if you keep making that hopeless/desperate\nface,right?_\n\n* * *\n\n> 「わらは」（妾・私）は、武家時代、女が自分をへりくだっていう語（『広辞苑』）\n\n妾｛わらわ｝ or 私｛わらわ｝ is a word that a woman calls herself humbly in the feudal\nperiod in Japan.",
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| 48087 | null | 48094 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48092",
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"body": "If I want to say, \"you look tired\", 疲れそう doesn't work, as that is \"looks like\nI/you will get tired\", but is 疲れたそう a thing? feels wrong...\n\nIs it possible to use ~そう past tense? past negative? Is there a better way to\nsay this?",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-06T11:21:48.083",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 7,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage",
"tense",
"auxiliaries"
],
"title": "how to use ~そう past tense",
"view_count": 1765
} | [
{
"body": "Yes, 疲れそう means \"It looks tiresome\" rather than \"You look tired\".\n\nTo say \"You look tired\", you can say 疲れていそう or 疲れてそう using the subsidiary verb\nいる. Other ways to say similar things are 「お疲れですか」, 「疲れているようですね」,\n「疲れて(い)るみたいですね」, and 「疲れてる?」\n\n疲れたそう(だ) means something like \"They say he/she got tired,\" because this そう\nfollows the dictionary form of the auxiliary た. For the conjugation rules, see\n[Problems with そうです in this\nsentence](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/44797/5010)\n\n* * *\n\n**EDIT:** So, the past tense is not at all necessary to say \"You look tired.\"\nTo be clear, this \"(look) tired\" is the passive form, not the past form, of\nthe transitive verb \"tire.\" If you need to say \"You look **ed** tired\nyesterday\", then you can simply turn them into the past tense. The past form\nof ～そう(だ/です) is ～そうだった/～そうでした.\n「昨日は疲れて(い)そうだったね」「昨日はお疲れでしたか」「昨日は疲れて(い)るみたいでしたね」「昨日、疲れてた?」",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-06T13:10:38.910",
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| 48088 | 48092 | 48092 |
{
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"body": "In [Particles used with\nverbs](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/verbparticles), Japanese\ngrammar guide by Tae Kim:\n\n> Note that we cannot use the 「へ」 particle with verbs that have no physical\n> direction. For example, the following is incorrect. • 医者へなる。 (Grammatically\n> incorrect version of 「医者になる」.) This does not mean to say that 「へ」 cannot set\n> out towards an abstract concept. In fact, because of the fuzzy directional\n> meaning of this particle, the 「へ」 particle can also be used to talk about\n> setting out towards certain future goals or expectations. • 勝ちへ向かう。 Go\n> towards victory.\n\nhow is the first sentence going against what the writer says in the second\npart? isnt it setting out a future goal? thanks for the help in advance",
"comment_count": 3,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-06T12:17:51.667",
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"last_edit_date": "2017-06-06T12:43:45.210",
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"owner_user_id": "22413",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particles",
"particle-へ"
],
"title": "could someone clarify this text about the へparticle",
"view_count": 124
} | [
{
"body": "This explanation says that you can use へ to describe both physical or mental\ngoals/directions. In English へ roughly corresponds to _towards_ or _in the\ndirection of ～_.\n\n> * 日本へ行く to go to/toward Japan (physical destination)\n> * 西へ行く to go towards west (physical direction)\n> * 勝利へ向かう to aim towards victory (abstract goal)\n> * 解決へ近づく to come close to resolution (abstract goal)\n>\n\nSo in these examples, you are \"moving\", either physically or mentally.\n\nOn the other hand, in 医者になる (\"to become a doctor\"), there is no goal or\ndirection, either physically or mentally. なる refers to an instant change of\nstate, as in 信号が赤になる (\"the traffic light turns to red\"). Nothing is moving.\nCertainly you cannot translate 医者になる using \"towards a doctor\".\n\nAnyway, [に and へ are often\ninterchangeable](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/26015/5010).",
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| 48091 | 48100 | 48100 |
{
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"body": "「[彼女は]係員にいうと驚きもせず **またかという** 表情をした。」\n\nI am translating an article about an urban legend child abduction happened at\na amusement park. To provide you with a context: a mother and a child are\ntogether, then the child goes to the restroom and never comes back, she\nbasically disappeared.\n\nSo, I am having trouble translating the above sentence. I analysed it\nthouroughly and I came up with that:\n\n\"When she told the staff, they wore an expression that said 'again?' (even)\nwithout amazement.\"\n\nI guessed that またか was an indirect question. If this is the case I obviously\ndidn't translate it literally as I put a direct question in my traslation.\n\nAre my guesses right? Do you have any suggestions for a better translation?",
"comment_count": 3,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-06T15:06:06.247",
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"owner_user_id": "20522",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"syntax"
],
"title": "translating an indirect question",
"view_count": 311
} | [
{
"body": "You're interpretations are right. A kid going missing is something that\nhappens ten times a day as far as the amusement-park staff are concerned, and\nthey're always found in a few minutes. So when the mother tells the staff\nmember, he/she shows no surprise, and his/her expression says 'Oh yeah,\nanother one'.",
"comment_count": 0,
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| 48095 | 48096 | 48096 |
{
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"body": "会社で働いています。ビジネスマナーのセミナーの案内をもらいました。仕事に必要なので、 **参加させてほしい** と課長におねがいします。\n\nThis excerpt is from my textbook. I don't understand why there is causative in\nthe bold part. \"...that you wish to be let taken part...\" is how I would\nunderstand it literally. This sounds so complicated that I don't know wether I\nunderstood it correctly. I could let it pass as a humble formulation, but\nsince it feels so circuitous, I wanted to ask for confirmation/correction here\n^^",
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"owner_user_id": "20172",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"causation"
],
"title": "How do I have to understand 参加させてほしい?",
"view_count": 1215
} | [
{
"body": "Here 参加させてほしい literally means \"I want 課長 to let me participate\". To break\ndown:\n\n * 参加する: (intransitive verb) to participate\n * 参加させる: ([causative form](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/causepass) of 参加する) to make/let someone to participate\n * 参加させて: the te-form of 参加させる\n * te-form + 欲しい: [I want someone to ～](http://japanesetest4you.com/flashcard/learn-japanese-grammar-41/)\n * 参加させて欲しい: I want someone (=課長) to let someone (=me) to participate\n\nAnother similar and useful set phrase is ～(さ)せてください, which means \"Let me ～\",\n\"Allow me to ～\".\n\n> * 考えさせてください。 Let me think about it.\n> * 確認させてください。 Let me confirm.\n>",
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| 48097 | 48098 | 48098 |
{
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"body": "For context, this sentence is taken from exercise 1, instruction 3.\n<https://www.docdroid.net/JUGEND2/img-20170606-0001-new.pdf.html>\n\n>\n> 費用｛ひよう｝が高｛たか｝いと課長｛かちょう｝が言｛い｝ったので、半分｛はんぶん｝自分｛じぶん｝で払｛はら｝うから、行｛い｝かせてほしいと交渉｛こうしょう｝してください。\n\nIn this sentence, I feel like everything's positioned inverted. The only way I\ncan make sense of it in a translation is by reversing this inversion. This is\nwhat I would come up with:\n\n> Please barter, because the chairman said the cost is high, and because you\n> pay one half yourself if you wish to be let go(ne?).\n\nSince these measures to beat sense into it feel so strong, I wanted to ask you\nfor your opinion",
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"creation_date": "2017-06-06T17:35:50.077",
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"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"syntax"
],
"title": "I'm confused about the overall structure of this sentence",
"view_count": 145
} | [
{
"body": "> 費用が高いと課長が言ったので、半分自分で払うから、行かせてほしいと交渉してください。\n\nProbably adding brackets will help you a lot:\n\n> 費用が高いと課長が言ったので、「半分自分で払うから、行かせてほしい」と交渉してください。\n\nRoughly translates to:\n\n> The chairman said the cost is high. So please negotiate, (saying) \"I will\n> pay half of the cost by myself, so please allow me to go (to the seminar)\".\n> (or literally, \"I want you to let me go\")\n\nI split the sentence into two for the sake of clarity.",
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"creation_date": "2017-06-06T18:14:33.143",
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| 48099 | 48102 | 48102 |
{
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"body": "Usually japanese readings are used for the first 10 days like ついたち、ふつか、etc.\n\nJapanese wiki [here](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/7%E6%97%A5) shows readings\nlike ごにち, ろくにち.. (You can just change the number in the url before the 日 to\nnavigate). So are those used anyhow?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-06T18:11:03.193",
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"owner_user_id": "22441",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"usage",
"readings"
],
"title": "When the chinese readings of first 10 days are used?",
"view_count": 117
} | [
{
"body": "いちにち is always used instead of ついたち to refer to a duration \"one day\".\n\n> 仕事を一日【いちにち】で終える to finish the task for one day\n\nににち～じゅうにち are much rarer, but can appear as part of phrases like [二、三日]{にさんにち}\nor [五、六日]{ごろくにち}. I don't think 二日 by itself is ever read as ににち.\n\nReferences:\n\n * [Homographs: how to deal with them?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/3435/5010)\n * [How to read: the \"~\" (tilde) in \"3~4 行\"](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/21679/5010)\n * [How to read 二、三日](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/25776/5010)",
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"creation_date": "2017-06-06T18:30:56.970",
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| 48101 | null | 48103 |
{
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"body": "JMdict:\n\n> *\n> [不甲斐{ふがい}ない](http://jisho.org/word/%E4%B8%8D%E7%94%B2%E6%96%90%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84):\n> disappointing; weak-minded; spiritless; cowardly; worthless; pusillanimous;\n> feckless; faint-hearted; shiftless; tame; timid\n> * [甲斐{かい}](http://jisho.org/word/%E7%94%B2%E6%96%90): effect; result;\n> worth; use; avail\n>\n\nThe word 不甲斐ない has both 不 and ない around 甲斐, and to my understanding the prefix\n不- is used to negate words, just like ない. By this logic, the meaning of the\nword should be \"not-worthless\" instead of anything negative.\n\nOf course language doesn't work that simply and there must be even bigger\n\"illogicalities\" out there that I've just gotten used to, but maybe there is a\nreason for this one.\n\n* * *\n\n**Edit** : there is also the word\n[[甲斐無い]{かいない}](http://jisho.org/word/%E7%94%B2%E6%96%90%E7%84%A1%E3%81%84)\n(worthless; pointless; useless) as pointed out by @naruto in comments. Seems\nlike this one works as I would expect.",
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"score": 6,
"tags": [
"words",
"etymology",
"negation"
],
"title": "Why does 不甲斐{ふがい}ない mean \"worthless\" while 甲斐{かい} means \"worth\"?",
"view_count": 1042
} | [
{
"body": "不甲斐ない was originally 腑甲斐ない. 腑 is an uncommon kanji meaning \"gut.\" According to\n[this article](http://kitagawa.la.coocan.jp/qa/fugainai.html), 腑甲斐ない was much\nmore commonly used by novelists in the Meiji and Taisho periods. According to\n[this chiebukuro\nquestion](https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1215243197),\nthe first edition of 広辞苑, one of the most authoritative Japanese dictionaries,\nhad only 腑甲斐ない as the kanji for ふがいない.\n\nFor some reason 不甲斐ない came into use and somehow overtook 腑甲斐ない during the\nShowa period. Many sites believe this was basically a misuse. Every so often\ncontroversial usages of words may become acceptable gradually over time...\n\nBTW there are similar word pairs where ない doesn't appear to change the\nmeaning, for example せわしい/せわしない, いたいけな/いたいけない, 危険極まる/危険極まりない. See the\nfollowing article for details. I initially thought 不甲斐ない was also an example\nof this, but the case of 不甲斐ない seems to be another story.\n\n * [国立国語研究所 ことばQ&A 「せわしない」はどうして「ない」がついても「せわしい」と同じ意味になるのでしょうか。](http://www.ninjal.ac.jp/publication/catalogue/kokken_mado/21/05/)",
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| 48104 | 48105 | 48105 |
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"body": "I have read a story in Japanese about a taxi driver. It happened that one\nnight he was near the cemetery in Aoyama and he met a young girl, alone. He\npicked her up and he brought her home. When they arrived she said that she had\nforgotten her wallet inside her house. She promised the driver to take the\nwallet and to come back to pay him. Then the story goes on with these two\nsentences:\n\n> しかし、運転手がどれだけ待っても、自宅から女性が現れる気配はない。\n>\n>\n> 耐えかねた運転手がその家を訪問すると、その女性の家族の者と思われる年配の女性が現れ、『あなたが車に乗せた女性客というのは、すでに亡くなっている私の娘のことかもしれない』と告げられる」というものである。\n\nIn the first sentence I don't understand how to translate どれだけ in English. In\nthe second one I don't understand why the author put the word 年配 there. I\ndon't understand the meaning of the sentence so I can't translate it.\n\nThank you in advance for your help!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-06T20:31:21.280",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "I'm confused about the translation of these two sentences (from Japanese to English)",
"view_count": 277
} | [
{
"body": "どれだけ= \"to what extent?\", \"how much?\", so どれだけ待っても= \"however much he waited\",\ni.e. \"However long he waited\"\n\nIn the second sentence, 年配の女性 \"elderly woman\", is a noun phrase modified by\nthe embedded sentence (or relative cause) その女性の家族の者と思われる \"she appeared to be a\nmember of that woman's family\". 思われる, the passive of 思う, looks as though it\nshould mean \"is thought to be\", but its sense is usually \"appears to be\",\n\"seems to be\".\n\nThis second sentence, in a fairly literal translation, goes: \"When the driver,\nwho could not bear it any more, went to the house, an elderly woman who seemed\nto be a member of the woman's family appeared [at the door] and he was\ninformed 'The woman you carried in your vehicle may have been my daughter, who\nis already dead'\".\n\nI'm assuming that 告げられる is a passive, with the driver as the unstated subject.\nI can't think why the writer would be using the れる form as a respectful form\nwith the elderly woman as subject.\n\nIf I were going for a free-er version designed to make the hair on the\nreader's neck stand up, it might go something like this: \"Eventually, the\ndriver got tired of waiting and went up to the house. An elderly woman, whom\nhe took to be a relative of his passenger, came to the door. 'The woman you\nhad in your taxi may have been my daughter' she said. 'But she's dead.'",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-06T22:22:04.903",
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| 48107 | 48111 | 48111 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "I've heard 'ですか' all too often in textbook Japanese.\n\nI've personally never heard だ and か used together - only 'の' or a rising\nintonation.\n\nEg:\n\n> なまえはなんですか？ vs なまえはなんだか？\n\nIs it normal/natural in the second case? How do you properly convey a question\nin this case if not with か?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-06T21:53:58.703",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48109",
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"last_edit_date": "2017-06-06T22:05:50.403",
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"owner_user_id": "14211",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particles",
"questions",
"particle-か"
],
"title": "It it correct / normal to use か after だ?",
"view_count": 353
} | [
{
"body": "Your question very closely mirrors [this\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/27705/asking-a-\nquestion-with-da-and-datta), and I highly recommend you look into it.\n\nThe simple answer to your question is that saying ～だか is somewhat unnatural,\nas you suspected. Like @snailplane mentioned in the comment below, ～だか does\nhappen occasionally if something is being left unsaid. i.e. ～なんだか（わからない）\n\n~のか is the question form of ～のだ、and here we see that the だ is omitted when\nanswering a question. The same holds true for pretty much every other case,\nexcept subordinate clauses as discussed in the\n[answers](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/27710/22352) [(second\nanswer)](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/27714/22352) to the [linked\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/27705/asking-a-\nquestion-with-da-and-datta).\n\nHowever, in informal speech, you'll find that often Japanese will omit saying\nか、with a rising intonation at the end of the sentence that says, \"this is a\nquestion.\" This is something that you'll have to listen to a bit to get the\nhang of. So, if you're fairly new to the language, I would recommend using か\nuntil you get the hang of things.\n\nRead both of the answers to the [linked\nquestion](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/27705/asking-a-\nquestion-with-da-and-datta), because they do a very good job of explaining\nthis concept.",
"comment_count": 4,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-06T23:30:47.670",
"id": "48114",
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"body": "> なまえはなんですか？ vs なまえはなんだか？ \n> Is it normal/natural in the second case? How do you properly convey a\n> question in this case if not with か?\n\nAs a simple interrogative sentence \"What is [your name]?\", 「[なまえ]はなんだか？」\ndoesn't sound natural/correct. You can instead say:\n\n> [なまえ]は **なに** ？ -- friendly, gender-neutral \n> [なまえ]は **なんだ** ？ -- relatively masculine, can be blunt \n> [なまえ]は **なにか** ？ -- not common in daily conversation, might sound\n> strong/harsh/rigid\n\nSimilarly, to say for example 「これは[誰]{だれ}の[傘]{かさ}ですか？」 \"Whose umbrella is\nthis?\" in the casual form:\n\n> これは誰の傘？ \n> これは誰の傘だ？ \n> これは誰の傘か？ \n> (×これは誰の傘だか？)\n\n* * *\n\nAs to yes-no questions, to say for example 「これは[山田]{やまだ}さんの傘ですか？」 \"Is this\nYamada-san's umbrella?\" in the casual form:\n\n> これは山田さんの傘？ -- commonly used by both genders of all ages \n> これは山田さんの傘か？ -- fairly common but I think it's more used by males, can sound\n> blunt/strong \n> (×これは山田さんの傘だ？ / ×これは山田さんの傘だか？)",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T07:18:28.237",
"id": "48121",
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}
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| 48109 | null | 48121 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48115",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I couldn't get the expression below.\n\n> 彼女は英語を話すのが得意で、 **兄に勝るとも劣らぬくらいだ** 。",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-06T22:07:58.370",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48110",
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"last_edit_date": "2017-06-07T00:06:13.313",
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"owner_user_id": "17380",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"set-phrases"
],
"title": "What does とも mean here?",
"view_count": 270
} | [
{
"body": "(～に)勝るとも劣らない is a fixed expression meaning \"be in no way inferior to; not at\nall inferior to; rival or surpass; compare favorably (with)\"\n([Source](http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/%E5%8B%9D%E3%82%8B%E3%81%A8%E3%82%82%E5%8A%A3%E3%82%89%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84))\n\n> まさる【勝る(優る)】... \n> 「勝るとも劣らない（＝同等以上だ）」 \n> （明鏡国語辞典）\n\n> 勝(まさ)るとも劣(おと)ら◦ない \n> それ以上ではあっても劣っていることはない。互角またはそれ以上である。\n> （[デジタル大辞泉](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/207928/meaning/m0u/)）\n\nAs you know, 劣らぬ is a literary way of saying 劣らない. (The ぬ originally is the\nattributive form of the archaic negative auxiliary ず)\n\n> What does とも mean here?\n\nThe ～とも* is a conjunctive particle (接続助詞) meaning 「（たとえ）～ても」\"(even) if~~\". (勝る\n**とも** 劣らない = 勝ることはあっ **ても** 劣ることはない) \n*とも sounds relatively archaic, and attaches to the terminal form/終止形 of verbs in 文語, the imperfective form/未然形 of verbs + the auxiliary う・よう in 口語, and the continuative form/連用形 of i-adjectives (Source: 明鏡国語辞典).\n\n* * *\n\nExample from Shogakukan's _Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary_ :\n\n> これは耐久性ではあちらのに **勝るとも劣りません** 。 \n> This is _no less_ durable _than_ that.",
"comment_count": 0,
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| 48110 | 48115 | 48115 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48113",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "It's a male character saying thing this\n\n> 抜け駆けすんなっ、まずは順序ってもんがあるだろ\n\n\"Don't get a head start, first of all, there is a proper order of doing\nthings\" (?)\n\nIs すんな = the negative imperative するな?\n\nIs ってもんがあるだろ = というものがあるだろ?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-06T22:45:57.900",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48112",
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"last_edit_date": "2017-06-07T02:00:13.857",
"last_editor_user_id": "9831",
"owner_user_id": "22187",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"colloquial-language",
"contractions"
],
"title": "use of すんな and ってもんがある",
"view_count": 2137
} | [
{
"body": "There is a level of \"slang\"-iness being used in this sentence. Allow me to\nrewrite in a way that might be more clear:\n\n抜け駆け **しないで** 、まずは順序って **もの** がある **だろう**\n\nすんな < するな < しないで\n\nもん < もの\n\nだろ < だろう\n\nAlso, as an aside:\n\n「順序」ってもの = \"A thing called an order\"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-06T23:26:59.977",
"id": "48113",
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"score": 5
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| 48112 | 48113 | 48113 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48123",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I find this in a manga I understand that is \"help doing\" but have some\nquestions\n\n 1. している is the verb します? If is, in what form are?\n 2. the か at the end of the sentence means that is a question?\n 3. why use です at the end of the sentences?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T04:08:13.760",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48116",
"last_activity_date": "2022-01-28T21:27:07.033",
"last_edit_date": "2022-01-28T21:26:58.687",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "19072",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"meaning",
"sentence"
],
"title": "What does 手伝いのしているのですか mean?",
"view_count": 121
} | [
{
"body": "> 1. している is the verb します? If is, in what form are? \n>\n>\n\nしている means it is progressive. \n\n> 2. the か at the end of the sentence means that is a question? \n>\n>\n\nYes. か indicates an interrogative sentence. \n\n> 3. why use です at the end of the sentences? \n>\n>\n\nです in a sentence makes it polite or formal. ですか in the sentence means you are\nasking a question in a polite way.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T08:06:51.103",
"id": "48123",
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| 48116 | 48123 | 48123 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48120",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "三時ちょうどで = at 3 o'clock sharp 百円ちょうどだ = its exactly 100 yen\n\nI get this sort of usage for 丁度、but if I want to refer to the **exactness** of\nsomething, how would I do that?\n\neg. 丁度じゃなくてもいいですよ Its fine if its not exact (in reference to anything really,\nfor example, cooking and ingredient amounts)\n\n丁度同じです its the exact same\n\n丁度正しいですか is that exactly right? (maybe this sentence is a bit weird...)",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T04:56:34.140",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"last_edit_date": "2017-06-07T06:05:58.320",
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"owner_user_id": "22318",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"adverbs"
],
"title": "is 丁度 only a suffix?",
"view_count": 160
} | [
{
"body": "To answer the question itself, no it's not only a suffix. You could just as\neasily state your first two examples as ちょうど三時で or ちょうど百円だ.\n\nAnd as per your intuition and @stack reader's comment, the last one is\nsomewhat weird. What, exactly, is weird about it is more difficult to explain,\nand I don't have a good reference on hand. I suspect it's a mostly a matter of\ndifferences in collocations between languages. The Goldilocks \"just right\" is\n「ちょうどいい」, and the perfectly correct \"exactly right\" would likely be expressed\nas 「100%正しい」or「完全に正しい」, for example.\n\nInterestingly, if you have a noun following 正しい, you can find expressions like\n「ちょうど正しい長さ」or「ちょうど正しい位置」, so it works if you specify what, specifically, is\n\"just/exactly right\".",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-07T07:14:49.073",
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| 48117 | 48120 | 48120 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48126",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "My course book states that plain form + なあ can be used to express feelings,\neg. うらやましいなあ I envy you. My question is how to use a ~な adjective with -なあ.\neg. would it be 上手なあ or 上手だなあ?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T11:08:51.917",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48124",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-07T12:14:11.003",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22450",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words"
],
"title": "how to use ~なあ with 〜な adjective",
"view_count": 168
} | [
{
"body": "According to _A Dictionary of Intermediate Japanese,_ ～なあis constructed one of\nthree ways\n\n * Sentence with informal ending ～なあ (includes questions ～かなあ)\n * Sentence that ends with an informal negative verb ending ～かなあ\n * Sentence that ends with informal past verb ～なあ\n\nExamples:\n\n> 高いなあ。\n>\n> 高いかなあ。\n>\n> 山田さんは来ないかなあ。\n>\n> あのけちの吉田がよく金を出したなあ。\n>\n> 車があったらいいなあ。\n\nInformal ending for ～な adjectives is だ、so to answer your question, we use the\ninformal sentence ending for the sentence and attach ～なあ\n\n> 彼は日本語上手だなあ。\n\nHope it helps.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T12:14:11.003",
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| 48124 | 48126 | 48126 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
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"body": "I dont understand this sentence:\n\n> Action\n> servletは、リクエストのリクエストURLと対応するPATH、そしてACTIONクラスの完全修飾名を定義しているACTIONMAPPINGの集合によりなりたっています。\n\nDoes this mean: \"the collection 'action'mapping, which defines the fully\nqualified domain name consists of the path which deals with the the request\nurl\"?\n\nParticuarly confusing to me is the function of apparent noun\n(なになにと対応するPATH）followed by comma, and a そして.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T11:49:20.243",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48125",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-10T09:39:18.363",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-07T15:52:53.457",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "16132",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"punctuation"
],
"title": "use of noun then comma and そして",
"view_count": 351
} | [
{
"body": "Your sentence use an A and B, as well as C type of construction.\n\nTo break it down a little:\n\nThe middle part breaks down as:\n\nA:リクエストのリクエストURL\n\nと\n\nB: 対応するPATH、\n\nそして\n\nC: ACTIONクラスの完全修飾名を定義しているACTIONMAPPING\n\nの集合 -> applies the set of A+B+C\n\nAnd the sentence overall is Action servletは、\"the collection of A+B+C\"\nによりなりたっています。\n\nOne more tip: 対応 also translates as corresponding in some contexts.\n\nHope that's enough to point you in the right direction.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T13:36:01.670",
"id": "48129",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-07T13:36:01.670",
"last_edit_date": null,
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{
"body": "> Action\n> servletは、リクエストのリクエストURLと対応するPATH、そしてACTIONクラスの完全修飾名を定義しているACTIONMAPPINGの集合によりなりたっています。\n\nAction servletは、 \nリクエストのリクエストURLと対応するPATH \nと \nACTIONクラスの完全修飾名を定義しているACTIONMAPPING \nの集合 \nによりなりたっています。\n\nAction servlet consists of a set/collection (集合) of PATH and ACTIONMAPPING; \nwhere PATH corresponds to the request URL of REQUEST, \nand \nACTIONMSPPING defines the fully qualified domain name of ACTION CLASS.\n\n* * *\n\nAccording to the explanation\n[here](http://www.techscore.com/tech/Java/ApacheJakarta/Struts/1-3/)\n\n> ActionServletは呼び出されると、その時のURLとStruts設定ファイルに基づいて実行するActionクラスを決定します。\n\nBecause the explanation in Japanese is ambiguous, it could be interpreted in\ntwo ways as:\n\n 1. When ActionServlet is called, it decides the URL at that time and Action Class which is executed based on the Struts configuration file.\n\n 2. When ActionServlet is called, it decides Action Class which is executed based on the URL at that time and the Struts configuration file.\n\n> ＜struts-config＞内の＜action-\n> mapping＞が、URLと呼び出されるActionクラスの設定を記述する部分です。具体的な設定はタグで行われ「path」属性でURL、「type」属性で呼び出されるActionクラスが指定されます。\n\n＜action-mapping＞ in ＜struts-config＞ is the place where URL and Action class to\nbe called are described. More precise configuration is defined by ＜action＞\ntag, where URL is defined by \"path\" attribute and Action class to be called is\ndefined by \"type\" attribute.\n\nHope it helps.",
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"body": "This sentence appeared ambiguous and poorly-written to me. After looking at\nsome articles about Struts, I think this sentence should mean:\n\n> An action servlet consists of a collection of action mappings, each of which\n> defines _a)_ the path that corresponds to the request URL of a request, and\n> _b)_ the fully qualified name of an action class.\n\n * リクエストのリクエストURLと対応するPATH: a path that corresponds to the [request URL of a request (object)](https://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/servletapi/javax/servlet/http/HttpServletRequest.html#getRequestURI\\(\\)). Note that と after リクエストURL is not \"and\" but \"to\" as in \"A **と** 対応するB\" (\"B that corresponds _to_ A\")\n * ACTIONクラスの完全修飾名: the fully qualified name of an action class. 完全修飾名 is FQN, which is FQCN in this context. It's not to be confused with FQDN.\n * 「リクエストのリクエストURLと対応するPATH、そしてACTIONクラスの完全修飾名」 is the object of 定義している. Here **そして** is just another way to say および (\"and\"). \n\n> 青い空、そして青い海! The blue sky, _and_ the blue ocean!\n\n * 「クエストのリクエストURLと対応するPATH、そしてACTIONクラスの完全修飾名を定義している」 is a long relative clause that modifies \"ACTIONMAPPING\".\n * I don't know why PATH and ACTIONMAPPING are capitalized like this. Was this machine-translated, or was this sentence made by someone who doesn't care cases and spaces?\n\n* * *\n\nThis sentence describes the following structure in a configuration XML file of\nStruts:\n\n```\n\n <action-mappings>\n <action path=\"/page1\" type=\"com.example.Page1Action\" />\n <action path=\"/page2\" type=\"com.example.Page2Action\" />\n </action-mappings>\n \n```\n\nHere each `<action>` element forms a \"mapping\", where:\n\n * The `path` attribute defines リクエストのリクエストURLと対応するPATH.\n * The `type` attribute defines ACTIONクラスの完全修飾名.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T20:47:32.130",
"id": "48151",
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
"parent_id": "48125",
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"score": 3
}
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| 48125 | null | 48151 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48142",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I tried to look for this answer but could not find it so...\n\nWhy is that 嫌い looks so much like an i-adjective? I might be wrong, but most\ni-adjectives seem follow this path:\n\n> Kanji + い or Kanji + しい\n\nBut still 嫌い is an na-adjective, following sentences like 嫌いじゃない instead of\nsomething like 嫌くない.\n\nIs there a reason for that? Are there any other adjectives that function in a\nsimilar way to this one?",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T13:08:42.523",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48127",
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"last_edit_date": "2017-06-07T13:13:11.863",
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "16104",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"etymology",
"i-adjectives",
"na-adjectives"
],
"title": "Why does 嫌い looks so much like an i adjective, when it is a na adjective?",
"view_count": 2489
} | [
{
"body": "きらい is the conjunctive form of きらう, whose conjugation goes きらわ(ず), きらい,\nきらう(し), きらう(こと), きらえ(ば), きらえ, きらおう (i.e. godan verb), and used as a noun here\n(practically, not substantial one but a stem of a na-adjective), which makes\nit fit with the grammar for na-adjectives.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T17:38:51.070",
"id": "48142",
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]
| 48127 | 48142 | 48142 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I am unfamiliar with this expression, but I'm curious as to what it means and\nwhen it's used.\n\n> 外ばっか見てる\n\nIf I were to try and translate it literally, it would be something like \"I can\nonly watch outside\", but I believe it must have some Idiomatic meaning?\nPerhaps it's like how we say \"I can only watch from a distance\" in English? In\nany case an explanation would be much appreciated!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T13:09:38.543",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48128",
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"owner_user_id": "22451",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"expressions"
],
"title": "What does the expression \"外ばっか見てる\" mean?",
"view_count": 239
} | [
{
"body": "> 外ばっか見てる\n\nThe tacit subject of the phrase is **_you_** not **_I_** like:\n\n**あなたは** 外ばっか見てる = **あなたは** 外ばかり見ている\n\nin the context like:\n\n私は、あなたに私をじっと見てほしい。なのに（= しかし）、あなたは、 **外ばっか見てる** 。 私、さみしいわ。",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T13:55:34.440",
"id": "48131",
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},
{
"body": "> 外ばっか見てる\n\nIf you were to translate this literally, it should be \"I am watching only\noutside\". There should be no `can`. 見てる is the contraction of 見ている, where いる\nis a [subsidiary verb](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/18952/5010) that\ndenotes an action in progress (i.e., \"be ～ing\"). Of course the subject is not\nspecified, so the same sentence can mean \"You are watching only outside\" or\n\"She is watching only outside\" or anything, depending on the context.\n\nThere is no idiomatic meaning here, but a sentence like this typically implies\nthe person is bored and/or distracted.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T21:14:58.007",
"id": "48152",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-07T22:41:18.663",
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
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"score": 2
}
]
| 48128 | null | 48152 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "can きた be written in kanji like this 来た?",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T14:12:57.687",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48132",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-07T15:08:16.420",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "22413",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "can the past tense of 来る be written in kanji？",
"view_count": 203
} | [
{
"body": "Yes, the result would be 来た。 The same can be said of other kanji as well,\nhiragana was in part developed so that you can conjugate verbs and still use\nthe kanji.\n\nto come 来る can be conjugated using the kanji as follows:\n\n> 来｛く｝る\n>\n> 来｛き｝た\n>\n> 来｛こ｝ない\n>\n> 来｛こ｝なかった\n>\n> 来｛こ｝い (imperative command--very direct)\n\nanother example: to run (走る）\n\n> そこへ走る。\n>\n> そこへ走った。\n>\n> そこへ走らない。\n>\n> そこへ走らなかった。\n\nAs you can see, the hiragana is where the conjugation magic happens, and the\nkanji is left untouched. If you're ever in doubt, you can at least be safe in\nassuming that you would use the kanji regardless.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T14:14:17.173",
"id": "48133",
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{
"body": "I understood your question as to whether or not きた can be written using the\nKanji despite the change in pronunciation from く in くる to き. The answer is\nyes, and conjugation is done by mainly changing the Hiragana ending of the\nverb, but in some cases this also changes how the Kanji is pronunced. Here the\npronunciations of the Kanji in question: <http://jisho.org/search/%E6%9D%A5>\n\nSo for a few conjugations of 来る： 来{く}る 来{き}ます 来{こ}ない",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T14:53:31.247",
"id": "48136",
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]
| 48132 | null | 48133 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48137",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "It was used sort of like this:\n\n> それは響【ひび】きがものすごい\n\nwhich I'm unsure whether this should translate as \"that sounds terrible\" or\n\"that sounds awesome\".\n\nGoogle Translate suggests the former (I'm still learning, it's a huge crutch),\nbut I suspect the latter seeing that ものすごい often means \"awesome\". I doubt\nmyself though because of the stark contrast in the way I expected this to\ntranslate.\n\nWhat does it actually mean?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T14:34:14.033",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48134",
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"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": null,
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"words"
],
"title": "What does 響きがものすごい mean?",
"view_count": 119
} | [
{
"body": "Google translate is close, but misleading. 響き [has a variety of\nmeanings](http://jisho.org/word/%E9%9F%BF%E3%81%8D), but sound and\nreverberation are what we'll use in this translation. For added context, 響き is\nfrequently used in connection with explosives, but not exclusively.\n\nものすごい means can be translated as awesome, yes, but it isn't the \"that's cool\"\nkind of awesome. As you'll see at [this\nlink](http://jisho.org/word/%E7%89%A9%E5%87%84%E3%81%84), it has an earth-\nshattering, awe inspiring context.\n\nSo when we say that the sound/reverberation was awesome, We are really saying\nthat the sound/reverberation is incredibly loud. As a stand-alone statement,\nit is neutral, not necessarily carrying a negative/positive connotation\nwithout context.\n\nSimply put, it translates to:\n\n> That sound is incredibly loud.",
"comment_count": 7,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T14:53:45.890",
"id": "48137",
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}
]
| 48134 | 48137 | 48137 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 0,
"body": "Apparently, いつでもいいよ。 translates to \"Anytime is fine.\" I get いつ and いい, but so\nfar I've only learned でも translates as something like \"but\". How is ist used\nhere, and are there any other similar cases?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T14:41:35.887",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48135",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-07T21:24:28.167",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22328",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"expressions",
"definitions"
],
"title": "How is でも used in this sentence?",
"view_count": 49
} | []
| 48135 | null | null |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I have a problem understanding this usage of にしては:\n\n> ファンをないがしろ **にしては** 、芸能人 **として** やっていけない。\n\nI understand にしては to mean **For A, B** - such as **For** the high price of\nthis meal, it isn't tasty at all (高いにしてはまずい). B comes as a surprise, given A.\n\nBut it doesn't make sense to say **For** (the way) he ignores his fans, **as**\n(として) an artiste/performer he cannot do such a thing. B is **not** a surprise\nto the first half of the sentence, A.\n\nIs there another usage of にしては I am missing?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T15:23:47.570",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48138",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-08T00:30:36.337",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-07T15:51:30.560",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "11849",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Unusual usage of にしては?",
"view_count": 193
} | [
{
"body": "The ～にしては construction you mentioned has nothing to do with this sentence.\n\nSimply,\n[ないがしろにする](http://eow.alc.co.jp/search?q=%E3%81%AA%E3%81%84%E3%81%8C%E3%81%97%E3%82%8D%E3%81%AB%E3%81%99%E3%82%8B)\nis a set phrase that means \"ignore ～\", \"to make light of ～\", etc. `te-form +\nは` is a way to say \"if ～\", which is commonly found in the \"～してはいけない\"\nconstruction.\n[やっていく](http://jisho.org/word/%E3%82%84%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A6%E8%A1%8C%E3%81%8F)\nhere is \"to get by\" or \"to make a living.\"\n\n> ファンをないがしろにしては、芸能人としてやっていけない。 \n> One cannot make a living as a 芸能人 if they make light of their fans.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-07T21:34:30.083",
"id": "48153",
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| 48138 | null | 48153 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48148",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am creating a present for a Japanese Taiko drummer. He is my teacher and is\ncelebrating his birthday tomorrow.\n\nThe present will be the [Muppet character\nAnimal](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_\\(Muppet\\)) sitting at a shime\ndaiko, his bachi at the ready. I would like to add a kanji to those bachi to\nmark them as Animal's.\n\nA taiko drummer considers his/her bachi as an extension of themselves. They\nmark their bachi (drum sticks) with a kanji representing their name. This is a\nsolemn act by which they put their own soul into the bachi.\n\nI have googled for the translation and have been swamped with a lot of\nalternatives and can't make out which one would be best for me to use given\nthe above scenario. Considering the symbolic nature of marking the bachi, I'd\nrather leave them unmarked than make a mistake.\n\nQuestions:\n\n * which translation for animal would best fit the Muppet character Animal?\n * which kanji from that translation would you use if you could only use a single character?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T15:45:59.577",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48139",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-07T19:46:11.717",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "22452",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"names",
"nouns"
],
"title": "How would I write Animal in Japanese when it refers to the Muppet's character Animal",
"view_count": 151
} | [
{
"body": "I'm not sure that you're looking for a _translation_ of \"animal\". I think\nyou're looking for Animal's Japanese name. If he did have a localized name\nthat was in fact written in kanji, then you could use that. But that does not\nappear to be the case. It appears that his Japanese name is simply his name\ntransliterated. On a few different sites, I saw his name written as アニマル.\n[This](http://ja.disney.wikia.com/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%8B%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AB%EF%BC%88%E3%83%9E%E3%83%9A%E3%83%83%E3%83%88%EF%BC%89)\nFandom wiki page has アニマル:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/U8izv.png)\n\nSo if you want to brand his bachi with his **name** , then I would suggest\nアニマル.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T19:46:11.717",
"id": "48148",
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| 48139 | 48148 | 48148 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48157",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "For example:\n\n> * 犬のように\n>\n> * 犬みたい\n>\n>\n\nOr:\n\n> * 子供のように歌ってください\n> * 子供みたいに歌ってください\n>\n\nThere is only one similar question to this one in this website but the answer\nis incomplete. Please help me with this!",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T16:07:53.217",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48140",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"word-choice"
],
"title": "Which diference are between のように and みたい",
"view_count": 3853
} | [
{
"body": "～のように = \"in the manner of\" \nみたい = \"appearing like\"\n\nIf you think of these phrases when reading these, you'll be able to make a\nclearer distinction. However, in terms of selecting which to use in a\nsentence, there is some overlap.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T17:44:18.710",
"id": "48143",
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{
"body": "I don't see a major difference in meaning between ～みたい(に) and ～のよう(に). \n～みたい(だ、に、な、etc.) sounds more casual and ～(の)よう(だ、に、な、etc.) sounds more formal.\n\nExamples*: \n「火 **みたいに** 熱い」「火 **のように** 熱い」（比況） \n「もう勝った **みたいな** ものだ」「もう勝った **ような** ものだ」（比況） \n「彼 **みたいな** 優秀な人材はいない」「彼 **のような** 優秀な人材はいない」（例示） \n「どうやら電車が遅れている **みたいだ** 」「どうやら電車が遅れている **ようだ** 」（不確かな断定） \n「少し味が薄い **みたいだ** 」「少し味が薄い **ようだ** 」（婉曲） \n-- the former versions sound more casual than the latter ones.\n\nSo 子供 **のように** 歌ってください sounds less casual and more formal than 子供 **みたいに**\n歌ってください, though they have the same meaning.\n\n(*例文は明鏡国語辞典を参考にしました）\n\n* * *\n\nAs a side note, ～ように cannot be replaced with ～みたいに when used in the sense of\n\"so that~~\"(目的), \"May~~!\"(optative/祈願), \"as (you know / stated\nbelow...)\"(前置き), or as part of expressions 「Verb+ようになる」,「Verb+ようにする」.\nExamples*:\n\n「よく見える **ように** 高く掲げる」（×みたいに）（目的） \n「どうか入学できます **ように** 」（×みたいに）（祈願） \n「ご存じ **のように** 」「先にお知らせしました **ように** 」「以下 **のように** 」（×みたいに）（前置き） \n「英語が話せる **ように** なる」（×みたいになる） \n「彼とはもう二度と会わない **ように** した」(×みたいにした)\n\n(*例文は明鏡国語辞典から引用しました)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-07T23:42:11.970",
"id": "48157",
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}
]
| 48140 | 48157 | 48143 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I am currently learning Japanese, I am still a beginner and right now I am\ntrying to say something like \"I want to learn driving a car\" or \"I want to\nlearn how to drive a car\". I was trying to use 車を運転する combined with 習いたい but I\ndon't know how to connect these two words so it makes sense.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-07T18:28:16.933",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48145",
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"owner_user_id": "22455",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"sentence"
],
"title": "How to say in Japanese \"I want to learn driving a car\"?",
"view_count": 2410
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"body": "I think you can express that like this:\n\n> 車を運転することが出来るようになりたい: \"I want to be able to drive a car\"\n\nor you could say something like this:\n\n> 車を運転することを学びたい: \"I want to learn how to drive a car\"\n\nFor making these expressions you need to learn how to make a verb or a\nsentence into a noun with こと or の. More information in Minna No Nihongo\nShokyuu II Lesson 38 or the youtube video \"Japanese verbs into nouns -\nJapanese in 5! #25\" from the Japanese from zero channel",
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"body": "There are a number of ways to do this.\n\n 1. **車の運転を習いたい**. A suru-verb like 運転 can work as a noun if you dropped the する part. 運転 means _driving_ all by itself. Literally, \"I want to learn driving of a car.\"\n 2. **車を運転する方法を習いたい**. 方法 is a noun meaning \"method/way\", and 車を運転する is used as a [(gapless) relative clause](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/14550/5010) that modifies 方法. Literally, \"I want to learn the way of driving a car.\"\n 3. **どうやって車を運転するか習いたい**. Here どうやって is \"how\", and どうやって車を運転するか is an [embedded question](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/a/13038/5010) meaning \"how I (can) drive a car\". Literally, \"I want to learn how I (can) drive a car.\"\n\nThe first one is the simplest and most natural way if you just want to say you\nwant a driver's license. The other two are wordy and usually unnecessary (but\nthey can help you to learn the Japanese grammar).",
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"body": "ＴＤＬって実は誘拐が多くて見つからないって本当ですか？なんでも迷子の呼び出しは規則 **上** できないそうですね。迷子の子があつめられる **とこ**\nはあっ **ても** 。そういう理由で誘拐しやすい **と** うわさになってるんですが。本当ですか。\n\nThis text is a post I found on a website. While translating it I had troubles\nwith many things.\n\n 1. **規則上** : I don't know how to translate it since I've never seen this use of 上.\n\n 2. **とこ** : is it equivalent to ところ?\n\n 3. **ても** at the end of a sentence: is that a colloquial rule or something? Does it mean \"even if\" anyways?\n\n 4. **と** : is there a verb like 思う omitted? Or is it a different use of the particle?\n\nThank you very much!",
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"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"particles",
"syntax"
],
"title": "Translating a sentence cointaining ても, と, とこ and 上 (colloquial japanese)",
"view_count": 1476
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{
"body": "1. 上【じょう】 in 規則上【きそくじょう】 means something like \"in relation to ～\", \"because of ～\", \"owing to ～\", etc. Similar phrases are 立場上, 時間の関係上, 業務上, 都合上, and so on.\n 2. Yes, this とこ is simply ところ or (physical) _place_.\n 3. This ても is the [conjunctive ても](http://www.learn-japanese-adventure.com/japanese-conditional-form-temo.html) meaning \"even if\". It normally precedes the main clause, as shown in the link, but here the ～ても clause is added as an afterthought, in a separate sentence. You can translate this as \"～, though.\"\n 4. と is a quatative particle that is used with various verbs. Here it simply marks the content of 噂になる. People are rumoring that it's easy to kidnap in TDL.",
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| 48147 | 48154 | 48154 |
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"body": "I know the word 少年 means boy or lad, and it is composed by the kanjis for few\n(少) and year (年), so it makes sense for me to associate _boy_ with _few\nyears_. In the other hand, 青年 means young man (usually refering to young\nadults as far as I know), but this word is made of the kanjis of blue (青) and\nyear (年), so I don't see the same logic as in 少年.\n\nSo, that's what I want to know, what's the reason for using these kanji to\nrefer to young men. Maybe _blue years_ have a meaning in Japanese? Or is it\nthat my attempt at translation is too literal?",
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"score": 11,
"tags": [
"etymology"
],
"title": "Where does the word 青年 come from?",
"view_count": 1435
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{
"body": "Interesting question. Apparently to understand why 青 is used in 青年 we have to\ngo look at 青春{せいしゅん}. The origin of this word is closely related to the\nChinese concepts of [Yin/Yang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yin_and_yang) and\n[Wuxing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Xing) (the five elements).\n\nBasically you have the five elements: 「木・火・土・金・水」each of them connected with a\ncardinal point, color, time, and god.\n\nIn particular the wood (木) is related to east (東), to **青** (\"blue\" as you\nsaid but notice that another meaning for it is young/immature. More on the\ncolor later), spring (春), and 青竜 (the blue dragon, an auspicious mystical\ncreature said to rule over the eastern heavens). Among these 青 is the color of\nspring and hence 青春 became a synonym of spring.\n\nNow from here the connection is straightforward since 青春 is itself a pseudonym\nfor the early years in one's life.\n\nThe precise reference of this part is here:\n\n> 春の異称「青春」が、年の若い時代をさすようになったのは、夢や希望に満ち溢れていることから、人生の春にたとえられたものである。\n\nTherefore, connecting the dots, most likely 青 in 青年 comes from 青春 and the\nmeaning related above.\n\nYou can find the full quote above from the entry for 青春 in an etymology\ndictionary [here](http://gogen-allguide.com/se/seisyun.html). For convenience\nI'll copy it here too:\n\n> 青春は、陰陽五行説に由来する。\n>\n> 陰陽五行説には、「木・火・土・金・水」の五行があり、各々に対応する「方位」「色」「時」「神」がある。\n> 五行の「木」は、「東」「青」「春」「青竜」に対応し、春の色は「青」であることから、「春」の異称が「青春」となった。\n> 「朱夏」「白秋」「玄冬」も、陰陽五行説に対応する色に基づいた季節の異称である。\n> 春の異称「青春」が、年の若い時代をさすようになったのは、夢や希望に満ち溢れていることから、人生の春にたとえられたものである。\n> 季節の異称の中で「青春」のみが人生の時期を表しているのは、「青二才」や「青臭い」のように、「青」に「未熟」の意味が含まれていることも影響していると思われる。\n\n[Here](https://dictionary.goo.ne.jp/jn/122477/meaning/m0u/) is the definition\nof 青年:\n\n> **青春** 期の男女。10代後半から20代の、特に男子をいうことが多い。若さを強調する場合には30代にもいう。わかもの。わこうど。「青年実業家」\n\n## A note on the color 青\n\nAs pointed out in a comment, let me give some more info about the actual color\nof that 青 represents.\n\nLet's start off by saying that the translation \"blue\" is an over\nsimplification. Of course according to\n[wikipedia](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9D%92), that's the most natural\ntranslation one would give (as it is listed as one of the three primary\ncolors). Also, its RGB code is #0067C0 which corresponds to blue indeed.\n\nHowever, in general it is used in every day life to refer to a wider spectrum.\nOne interesting example is for sure the color of traffic lights. What is\ncalled 青 in Japanese is what any westerner (I guess) would call green\n(reference pic below). Now, actually I believe that some Japanese people as\nwell might argue that the traffic light color is actually \"green\", but the\npoint of this example is just to stress the ambiguity of 青 and show that\n(especially in daily life) it might represent a wide spectrum of colors rather\nthan a single specific one.\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/oHzHe.jpg)\n\nAs I also mentioned above, it is considered the color of spring, hence would\nbe not surprising if green comes into play as well. In this case, it is\ninteresting to notice the association that the color green has in English with\nyouth and inexperience. See\n[here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green#Youth_and_inexperience) for\nexample.",
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| 48156 | 48159 | 48159 |
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"body": "From some basic research I've found that when romanizing じ and ジ we can use\n\"ji\" or \"zi.\" Apparently \"ji\" is used by Hepburn romanization which is the\nmost popular for non-Japanese speakers but \"zi\" is used by Nihon-shiki and\nKunrei-shiki romanization. I read Kunrei-shiki is what is taught to Japanese\nelementary school students (and it is what my 20 year old Japanese textbook\nused).\n\nAlso, when doing a google.co.jp search for words romanized with \"zi,\" google\nwill sometimes actually ask if you meant to search on the Japanese version of\nthe romanized word, so it recognizes it as Japanese.... but it doesn't\nrecognize words when using ji.\n\nSo I figured \"zi\" was more common and better for Japanese people... but a\nJapanese person I know just old me \"we never use zi and always use ji.\" So,\nwhat is the deal here... is one better than the other (and by that I mean is\none going to be easier to understand or more natural for native Japanese\nspeakers)?\n\nAs an aside that may provide context for an answer: the reason I'm asking is\nI'm trying to choose a social media handle with Japanese in it and am trying\nto decide on zi or ji...",
"comment_count": 5,
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"score": 4,
"tags": [
"rōmaji"
],
"title": "Romanization of じ and ジ with ji and zi",
"view_count": 6531
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{
"body": "Ok, I think that there is no accurate way of romanization, if you look in the\nhistory of Japanese writing systems, the romaji (ローマ字) comes when the\nEuropeans arrive for the first time to Japan, but originally there weren't any\nromanization forms at all. Nowadays it is a very common thing, even for\nJapanese people but there's no correct or good one. I think if you search a\nlittle more you will find that ち is written as \"TI\" instead of \"CHI\", つ as\n\"TU\" instead of \"TSU\" and I even have found a romaji made only for English\nspeaking people.\n\nMy point is that it doesn't matter what you would use there's no wrong way to\ndo romaji, so my advice is that make romaji as you think it really sounds,\nthis way you won't make any misunderstanding.",
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"body": "With regard to zi or ji, ji is the right choise.\n\nWith regard to Hepburn or Kunrei, on the other hand, it is difficult to\nanswer. Schools teach us in Kunrei-shiki. However, when we apply for a\npassport, we must write our names in Hepburn. According to\n[wiki](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E5%AD%97#.E8.A8.93.E4.BB.A4.E5.BC.8F.E3.81.AE.E8.A1.A8),\nKunrei-shiki is still the official one, but even the government officials use\nboth styles.",
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"body": "Hiragana \"し\" is \"SHI\" sound, not \"SI\" sound. じ is voiced version of し so it\ncan't be \"ZI\". Using that logic, \"じ” should be \"ZHI\" However, \"ZHI\" doesn't\nexist in English spelling while \"JI\" is very common in English i.e. Jingle,\nJim,jiggle etc., That's why \"じ” is spelled \"JI\" I guess. To my ear,\"Zi\" sounds\nlike ”ズィ”. \"JI\" sounds closer to Japanese 'ジ\".",
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{
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"body": "Recently, I have been struggling with the correct usage of 「どの」and「どち」. Is it\ncorrect to think of them in the following way? \n「どの」= what (I get this confused with「なん」and「なに」as well) 「どち」= which\n\nWhen listing two options do I use「どの」or「どち」? When listing three or more\noptions do I use「どの」or「どち」?\n\nOr am I thinking about this in the wrong way? Thank you for you help.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-08T00:39:19.293",
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"post_type": "question",
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"tags": [
"grammar",
"words"
],
"title": "どの and どち when and how to use each?",
"view_count": 661
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{
"body": "The correct usage for どっち/どちら is being answered well in here; [Can どっち mean\nwhich one of\nmany?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/14997/can-%E3%81%A9%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A1-mean-\nwhich-one-of-many)\n\nWhen it comes to 「どの」, the 「ど」in this case is actually a reading for the kanji\n「何」which makes it 「何の」( _but it is always written in hiragana only_ )\n\nTherefore, it would give it the meaning of **what(kind)** or **what(way)**\n\nexample; あなたはどの肉が好きですか (What kind of meat do you like?)\n\n* * *\n\nalso if you take the 「どの位(くらい), it will have a meaning of **how long** , **how\nmuch** , **how far**. example; この雪はどのくらい降るのだろうか (How much will it snow?)",
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| 48160 | 48164 | 48164 |
{
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"body": "I know 大振り is usually used in baseball to refer to a big swing of the bat, but\nwhat is its meaning in boxing? I found it in the following sentence from a\nmanga in which a boxer is being encouraged by its trainer:\n\n> お前のパンチは当たれば倒せるパンチなんだ！ただし勢いにのまれての **大振り** は御法度だ！コンビネーションから繋いでいけ。\n\nI think it refers to a fast and strong punch, but why is it considered a\nnegative thing in this case? I would be grateful if you also could correct my\ntranslation and explain the general meaning of the sentence. My attempt:\n\n> Your punches can knock him down if you manage to hit him! But don't overdo\n> it and avoid fast punches! Start from the combinations!",
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"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"words",
"manga",
"sports"
],
"title": "Meaning of 大振り in boxing",
"view_count": 101
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{
"body": "大振り is not fast. It refers to [a strong/heavy but slow\npunch](http://streetfighter.wikia.com/wiki/Punch), which tends to give the\nopponent a chance to dodge or counter-attack. Unlike jabs, 大振り cannot be\nchained to a next movement, either. I think 大振り usually has a negative\nconnotation like this one. 勢いに飲まれる is an idiom meaning \"to be overwhelmed\",\n\"to lose one's cool in the heat\".",
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| 48162 | 48165 | 48165 |
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"body": "Teenage kids in Japan seem to be using this word a lot these days and it\ndoesn't really have any real meaning? (in the sense that they are using it)\n\n**まんじ！**\n\nI've seen different kinds on twitter etc where it is written in the kanji\nform;\n\nうわ、めっちゃウケるｗ卍\n\nこいつやばいな卍\n\n卍スタバなう卍\n\netc.\n\nIt seems to me like it is just a thing you say after something both bad and\ngood, and also that something can BE まんじ; i.e you see a hot girl > she is まんじ,\nyou see a nice car > まんじ\n\nI know that the Kanji 卍 is what marks shrines on Japanese maps, and that it\ncomes from a symbol meaning sun(?). But the slang phrase has another meaning.\n\nThoughts or comments? What is the origin?\n\n* * *\n\nIt takes me back a few years when the phrase パリピー (パリピーポー [party people]) came\nto be the coolest thing to say ever. At first people used it when actually\nreferring to party people (like going to the club etc) but then it lost its\nmeaning and now people can say パリピー to basically everything good or bad.",
"comment_count": 3,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-08T03:05:09.010",
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"score": 8,
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"title": "Japanese slang － まんじ、マンジ、卍",
"view_count": 5676
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{
"body": "My Japanese is getting a bit rusty, but [this Japanese\nsite](http://mokotopi.com/manzi-zyosikose) seems to say it has 3 main uses:\n\n> 1. The act of posing for a picture, and the sound you make during the pose\n> 2. A term for referring to yancha\n> 3. Something you say when you're excited about something\n>",
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"body": "[This explanation](http://bijoh.com/2016-ryukougo-meaning/) about popular\nexpressions of 2016 says: 「まんじ、卍」＝”まじ調子にのっている、友達同士の絆のマーク、意味をもたないケースも有”, which\ncorresponds to (a) \"being at the top of your game/being on a roll\", (b) a\nsymbol of the bonds between friends, or (c) no particular meaning.\n\nThat last one probably matches No. 3 from Brent Ackerman, but the differences\nin the other meanings listed suggest that the meaning is still fluctuating.\n\nI didn't see any mention of it, but I wonder if the recent popularity of the\nword is related to the release of the movie adaptation of the 無限の住人 (Blade of\nthe Immortal) manga, since, if memory serve, Manji is the name of (and symbol\nadopted by?) the badass main character in that story.",
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"body": "As far as the user on the Internet goes, it's a substitute for マジ。i.e. \"for\nreal\". If you replace 卍 with \"for realz!!\" and if it makes sense, that's what\nit means.\n\nSometimes it's a decoration for emphasis.\n\n卍スタバなう卍\n\ncould be as easily\n\n＊スタバなう＊",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2021-05-02T05:11:19.143",
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| 48166 | 48170 | 48170 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48168",
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"body": "念のために{ねんのために｝ means \"just in case\", but since the kanji is 念, from 残念｛ざんねん｝,\nI'm just wondering if it has the nuance of \"to avoid unfortunate incidence...\"\nor whether it is as versatile as \"just in case\"\n\n例えば｛たとえば｝ Just in case you don't know, this is a pen 念のために、これはペンです\n\nNow I'm pretty sure this doesn't work, cause it doesn't specify the \"not\nknowing\", so how about:\n\n分からない念のために、これはぺんです。 OR 分からない場合に、これはぺんです。 OR 分からなかったら、これはぺんです。\n\nY'know, maybe in the end I answered my own question...but could someone give\nme an actual informed opinion? Is 念のために limited to unfortunate incidents only?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T03:44:01.590",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"owner_user_id": "22318",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"nuances"
],
"title": "usage of 念のために for non-unfortunate things",
"view_count": 116
} | [
{
"body": "The [kanji 念 on its own](http://jisho.org/word/%E5%BF%B5) means _thoughts_ ,\nand it doesn't have a negative connotation. 残念 is made of _remaining_ +\n_thoughts_ , hence _regret_. Therefore, 念のため is neither negative nor positive.\nIt's a set phrase that corresponds to English \"just in case\", \"just to be\nsure\", \"to be clear\", etc.\n\n念のために、これはペンです doesn't sound natural, but 念のため、これはペンです without に works just\nfine (as long as you really think someone may not understand it's a pen).\n\n分からない念のため is incorrect. \"Thoughts you don't know\" doesn't make sense. I don't\nthink this 念 accepts another modifier.",
"comment_count": 1,
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| 48167 | 48168 | 48168 |
{
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"body": "To \"stock up\" on something (in a sense of buying a large amount of something)\ncould 買い込む be used? Or is there another way to say this, like ストックする？\n\nI feel that both can be used, depending on the formality level (in which\nストックする would be the most informal ofc.)\n\n**パーティーに飲み物を買い込むつもりだ**",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-08T04:30:15.283",
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"tags": [
"word-choice",
"loanwords"
],
"title": "買い込む - Stock up drinks for the party",
"view_count": 154
} | [
{
"body": "> (1) パーティー **に** 飲み物を買い込むつもりだ\n\nI think this expression needs some examinations. \nSince に in パーティ **に** has various functions, the sentence (1) is interpreted\nin many ways that are shown as follows by the person who hears it whether the\ninterpretation is natural or not.\n\n> (2) パーティー **のために** 飲み物を買い込むつもりだ \n> (2)' パーティー **のための** 飲み物を買い込むつもりだ \n> _I'm going to stock up on beverages for the party._ \n> (3) パーティー **に備えて** 飲み物を買い込むつもりだ \n> _I'm going to stock up on beverages to prepare for the party._\n>\n> (4) パーティー **会場に** 飲み物を買い込むつもりだ \n> _I'm going to stock up on beverages and carry them into the party venue._ \n> (5) パーティー **の日に** 飲み物を買い込むつもりだ \n> _I'm going to stock up on beverages on the day of the party._ \n> (6) パーティー **を機会に** 飲み物を買い込むつもりだ \n> _I'm going to stock up on beverages taking advantage of the party._\n\nIf your intention is \"I'm going to stock up on beverages for the party\" and\neveryone in the conversation knows the party, the sentence (1) is simple and\nenough to express the meaning of (2), (2)' or (3).\n\nAside from this condition, the sentence (1) is so ambiguous that I would\nrecommend you to use the sentence (2)-(7) instead depending on your intention.\n\nIf your intention is \"I'm going to stock up on beverages for the party\", I\nwould recommend you to use sentence (7) rather than to use sentence (2) or\n(2)', though the sentence (7) has a meaning of \"I'm going to stock up on\nbeverages **_served_** for the party\", because sentence (7) is simpler than\nsentence (2) or (2)'.\n\n> (7) パーティー **の** 飲み物を買い込むつもりだ\n\nAnyway, you could use 買い込む for to \"stock up\" on something (in a sense of\nbuying a large amount of something).\n\n> Or is there another way to say this, like ストックする？\n\nYes, there is. \nWhen you stock up on daily foods or something, you say like 買い **だめ** する. \nIn this case, you buy a large amount of something at a time when it is cheap,\nand you would consume it gradually for a long time. \nDuring the long time, the something is kept being stocked, so **だめ** , which\nis the euphonic change-form from **ため** that means to stock, in **買いだめする** is\neffective to depict the state of being stocked.\n\nAs for the difference between 買い込む and 買いだめする, the former phrase is paid\nattention only at the time of buying something, on the other hand, 買いだめする is\npaid attention during all the time when something is being stocked.\n\nAt the party you usually consume all things that you stocked up on at a time.\nSo パーティーの飲み物を買い込むつもりだ and パーティーの飲み物を買いだめするつもりだ are both natural. But in the\ncase you stock up on daily foods or something, 食料品{しょくりょうひん} _groceries_\nを買いだめする is more natural than 食料品を買い込む.",
"comment_count": 6,
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{
"body": "買っておく could also be used. The pattern Vbて-form+おく means \"do something in\nadvance, so as to be ready\", \"do something in preparation\", \"do something in\nreadiness\". E.g. この本を読んでおいてください \"Please read this book in readiness[for next\nweek's class]\". I think ビールを買っておく would do for \"I'm going to get the beer in\".\n\nQuestion for native speakers: my impression is that 買い込む and 買いだめする suggest\nsome foresight and a certain amount of planning, where 買っておく is a bit more\nspur-of-the-moment. Am I right?",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-08T10:04:43.927",
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| 48169 | 48174 | 48174 |
{
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"body": "Does Japanese have a word for someone who's your \"fuck buddy\"? You know,\nsomeone decently attractive with whom you have all the sex of a relationship\nwithout all the romance and rituals.\n\nDoes Japanese have a decent equivalent? Or is this one of those concepts\nthat's too esoterically Western to find in an Asian culture like that of\nJapan?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-08T05:15:59.297",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 6,
"tags": [
"word-requests"
],
"title": "What's the Japanese equivalent of having a \"F**k Buddy\"?",
"view_count": 2157
} | [
{
"body": "The concept definitely exists in Japan.\n\nYou can use the word セフレ, which comes from a portmanteau of the English\nloanwords **セ** ックス (sex) and **フレ** ンド (friend).\n\nsource:\n[http://www.weblio.jp/content/セフレ](http://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%82%BB%E3%83%95%E3%83%AC)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-08T05:32:56.227",
"id": "48172",
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{
"body": "The other word which you want is やりとも.やる means \"do sex\" and とも means \"friend\".\nかきタレ also means that but this is slangy.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-08T12:49:49.473",
"id": "48190",
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| 48171 | 48172 | 48172 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48177",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "What is the implied meaning of using the past tense だった before ように?\n\nThis is an example sentence in the 完全マスターN3 grammar book:\n\n> 母親が明るい人だったように、その娘たちも性格が明るい。\n\nMy attempt at translation is:\n\n> Those girls have a bright personality like their mother did when she was\n> young.\n\nSince it's in the past tense I assume it is talking about when their mother\nwas a girl.\n\nIf it was talking about their mother's personality now, I would say something\nlike:\n\n> その娘たちは母親のように性格が明るい。\n\nIs this a correct interpretation of the implied meaning of the two sentences?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T05:49:28.850",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"nuances"
],
"title": "Difference between だったように and のように",
"view_count": 105
} | [
{
"body": "Both of your translations are perfect!",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T06:42:59.213",
"id": "48175",
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{
"body": "> 母親が明るい人だったように、その娘たちも性格が明るい。\n\nThis sentence probably implies their mother is a deceased person.\n\nTechnically speaking, it could mean their mother is alive but has grown to be\na non-cheerful person, but I wouldn't say that's the common interpretation.",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-08T06:53:45.320",
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| 48173 | 48177 | 48177 |
{
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"body": "Whats the difference between\n\n食べたら〜 and 食べてでもしたら〜",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-08T06:51:39.530",
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"owner_user_id": "11827",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Explanation for でもしたら vs したら",
"view_count": 898
} | [
{
"body": "The conditional たら is used neutrally, while the でもしたら expresses a condition\nyou feel against and hope doesn't come true. I think adding \"heaven forbid\" or\n\"perish the thought\" may be a good analogue in English. Compare:\n\n> 私のプリンを食べたら、めちゃくちゃ怒るからね。 \"If you eat my custard pudding, I'm going to be\n> really mad. (So be warned.)\"\n\nvs\n\n> 私のプリンを食べでもしたら、めちゃくちゃ怒るからね。 \"If, heaven forbid, you eat my custard pudding,\n> I'm going to be really mad. (So be warned.)\"",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-08T08:27:58.383",
"id": "48182",
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| 48176 | null | 48182 |
{
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"body": "In the sentence 何できた (nandekita), the **de** is a particle and connects\n**nande** to the verb **kita** , but in the case of **nande** , there isn't a\nparticle, so what is it in the sentence?\n\nI'm just confused about the fact that the words have to be connected by\nparticles? Or am I wrong?",
"comment_count": 5,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-08T07:32:23.250",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48178",
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"owner_user_id": "22413",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"particles"
],
"title": "What is 何で (nande) in the sentence 何できた",
"view_count": 2842
} | [
{
"body": "何で is it's own word meaning 'why?' or 'what for (as in 'for what reason?'). 何\nby itself means 'what?'\n\nIt's really up to the context of the sentence, but it's more likely in this\ncase that it is NANDE as one sentence rather than NAN de.\n\n何で きた ' _Why_ did you come?'\n\nIt's a little misguided to assume that there will ALWAYS be a particle between\nwords. As a general rule there will GENERALLY be particles in longer\nsentences. In the case of this simple sentence, there is no particle needed,\nsimply 'why' and then the verb 'to come'.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T08:17:18.720",
"id": "48181",
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"body": "> I'm just confused about the fact that the words have to be connected by\n> particles?\n\nIn Japanese, instead of thinking the function of particles is not to connect\nwords, it is better to think of them as providing the role for the preceding\nword. In 友達がパンを犬に上げた \"the friend gave the bread to the dog\", を indicates that\nthe bread was given, に that the dog was given to, and が that the friend gave.\n\nParticles can be omitted, or replaced by pauses, in casual speech when it is\nrelatively unambiguous. 友達、犬にパン上げた.\n\nHowever... 何で is an adverb. Adverbs do not get particles. We already know what\nrole adverbs play in a sentence - adverbial. 今日 \"today\", 速く \"fast\", 何で \"why\"\nare all adverbs, and as such they have no use for particles.\n\n(There are adverbial phrases that are made by using non-adverbs - these do\ntake particles to indicate adverbial usage, typically に, sometimes と. For\nexample, 静かに \"silently\" from \"silent\" + に, 犬みたいに \"like a dog\", ボスに言われたら通りに\n\"just as he was told to do by his boss\".)",
"comment_count": 1,
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"creation_date": "2017-12-26T03:44:10.820",
"id": "55425",
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| 48178 | null | 55425 |
{
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"body": "I know of using と for noun & noun phrases, て-form to connect sentences Perhaps\nwhen speaking English you might suddenly remember something and go 'Oh! _And_\n(whatever you remembered).\n\nAnother example may be, say, listing, but with something in brackets/aside\nfrom the normal list. 'Mum, Dad, Brother (And a cat!)\n\nMaybe you're leaving home for school and your mom may call 'And don't forget\nto eat your fruit!', or something similar.\n\nIs there a word or particle you would use independently in these\ncircumstances? I have seen\n[this](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/474/the-many-ways-to-say-\nand-in-japanese), but none of these words seem to quite fit the nuance I'm\ntrying to forget. I hope this makes sense.\n\nThanks!",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-08T07:54:21.633",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48180",
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"tags": [
"grammar",
"nuances",
"particles"
],
"title": "Japanese equivalent to 'and/also' for part-sentences?",
"view_count": 1243
} | [
{
"body": "You can use あと, それと or それから for that.\n\n(Incidentally, what connects sentences is not only te-forms but conjunctive\nforms in general including te-forms.)",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-08T12:00:05.233",
"id": "48187",
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| 48180 | null | 48187 |
{
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"body": "this is a small conversation -どこで食べる -イタリアレストランではどう my grammer book says that\nusing どう usually opens up a new topic for example about the location but if i\ndidn't use どう and instead was stating the location rather than discussing it\nwould it go like this？ イタリアレストランにが？",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-08T11:08:25.487",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48185",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particle-は",
"particle-が",
"は-and-が"
],
"title": "can が be used like this？",
"view_count": 68
} | [
{
"body": "No, it can't. イタリアレストランにが？ doesn't make sense. However you can omit どう like\nイタリアレストランは?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T11:26:06.293",
"id": "48186",
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| 48185 | null | 48186 |
{
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"body": "When translating \"I was busy yesterday,\" why is this incorrect?\n\n> 昨日が忙しかったです\n\nIsn't it the same as\n\n> 私は昨日が忙しかったです",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T12:05:27.937",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48188",
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"last_edit_date": "2022-01-27T04:31:28.047",
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"tags": [
"particle-が",
"は-and-が"
],
"title": "が usage in 昨日が忙しかったです",
"view_count": 701
} | [
{
"body": "Because the subject is changed from 'I' to 'Yesterday'. Please translate it\ninto 「私は昨日忙しかったです」. Omitting the subject,「昨日は忙しかったです」is more natural in daily\nconversations. But 「昨日が忙しかったです」 is an expression to identify the day you were\nbusy. So it is correct for the answer to the question 'Which day was a busy\nday for you?'",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-10T19:06:28.920",
"id": "48280",
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{
"body": "In English, we sometimes say things like \"yesterday was busy\", but if you\nthink about it, we're not actually talking about the day itself. We don't mean\nthat yesterday was a particularly different kind of day than other days were\n_for everybody, in general_. What we _actually_ mean is \" _I_ was busy\nyesterday\". That is, we're talking about our own state, so really \"I\" should\nlogically be the subject of the sentence, not \"yesterday\".\n\nThis is why「昨日が忙しかったです」is wrong in Japanese. It actually says (literally)\n\"Yesterday was busy\". That is, \"yesterday\" had a lot of things it needed to\ntake care of, or \"yesterday\" didn't get a lot of time to itself, etc.\n\nWhat you actually _want_ to say is \"yesterday, I was busy\", or \"speaking about\nyesterday, I was busy\". If we were to spell that out completely in Japanese,\nthat would be said as「昨日、私が忙しかったです」or「昨日は私が忙しかったです」(note that 私 is always the\nsubject (が)). However, things like 私が are usually left out if they're fairly\nobvious (which they are here), so this would usually just be said\nas「昨日、忙しかったです」or「昨日は忙しかったです」instead. You can see, though, that at no point\nwould 昨日 actually logically be the subject of anything in this sentence.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2022-11-23T18:24:01.880",
"id": "97347",
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| 48188 | null | 48280 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48193",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "Although it might seem a tad pointless, I am trying to number pages in a\ndocument without using Arabic numerals (0, 1, 2 etc.). I would like the\nreading to similar to \"PAGE ONE\" or \"FIRST PAGE.\" I'm doing this for graphic\ndesign purposes, and although I have come up with some information, I'm having\na bit of a hard time piecing it all together.\n\nShould I be using **枚** and **ページ** combined with **一つ**? Maybe one or the\nother? What I have come up with so far is **初めにページ** , but I have the feeling\nthat isn't quite right since I kind of duct taped it together.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T13:30:53.147",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48191",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-08T14:20:55.697",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "22457",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"counters",
"numbers"
],
"title": "Numbering pages (ex. PAGE ONE)",
"view_count": 3759
} | [
{
"body": "In my experience, I have found that the pages in books/documents are numbered\nthe same way English books or documents are numbered, the Arabic number is\nsufficient. If you have a prologue, or a preliminary section with an\nintroduction, you can use the lower case roman numerals.\n\nIf you're looking for something more formal where you physically write \"Page\n1, Page 2, ...\" on the pages, then 「１頁、２頁、...」should be fine. In this second\nmethod you could use Kanji just fine as well: 「一頁、二頁、...」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T13:53:57.027",
"id": "48192",
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{
"body": "If the purpose is purely visual, you could use 一頁, 二頁, and so on, where 頁 is\nthe kanji used for ページ, and the reading remains いちぺーじ、にぺーじ.\n\nFor more information, you can try searching for ノンブル, which is the term used\nfor the concept of page numbering, as described\n[here](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8E%E3%83%B3%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB),\nbut there seems to be very little about using numbering that doesn't involve\nArabic numerals.",
"comment_count": 5,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T14:01:41.890",
"id": "48193",
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"owner_user_id": "22424",
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"score": 4
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]
| 48191 | 48193 | 48193 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48199",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I was watching Samurai Gourmet on netflix today, and in the following scene i\ntried to read the menu on the left side of the screen:\n\n[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/BMG5w.jpg)\n\nI marked the item that is interesting me with a red box. If it am not mistaken\nit reads \"Toromino\". I was trying to find a meaning via google, but i am\ncompletely lost on that one. Any idea what dish that refers to?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T15:19:05.427",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48197",
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"owner_user_id": "22469",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation",
"meaning",
"food"
],
"title": "What does とろミノ mean / what is it?",
"view_count": 107
} | [
{
"body": "Looks like ミノ is an intestine called\n[rumen](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumen), used for 'fermentation of\ningested feed.' とろ implies a fattiness.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T15:31:53.747",
"id": "48198",
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{
"body": "とろミノ is made of two words:\n\n * [とろ](http://jisho.org/word/%E3%81%A8%E3%82%8D) usually means _fatty_ , but it may mean something like _melty_ or _soft_ here.\n * [ミノ](http://jisho.org/word/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8E) refers to _the first stomach_ of a cow ([cows are said to have four stomachs](https://www.quora.com/How-many-stomachs-does-a-cow-have-and-what-does-each-one-do).) Also known as _rumen_.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T15:32:48.847",
"id": "48199",
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"owner_user_id": "5010",
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"score": 2
},
{
"body": "ミノ is called tripe in [UK] English. It requires long cooking (two hours plus)\nto become soft enough to be palatable, so I think this is probably \"cooked\ntripe\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T16:25:22.583",
"id": "48203",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-08T16:25:22.583",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "20069",
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}
]
| 48197 | 48199 | 48198 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48206",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "The title explains it all. I think that one would say (mind you I'm just\nstarting out, so I will write everything in hiragana) わたしはとりがながめるのすきです。Would\nthat be correct? Or am I totally wrong, and if so, how do you actually say it?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T15:39:07.283",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48201",
"last_activity_date": "2018-04-20T19:34:11.610",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-08T15:45:26.340",
"last_editor_user_id": "22470",
"owner_user_id": "22470",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 5,
"tags": [
"translation",
"phrases",
"phrase-requests"
],
"title": "How to say \"I like watching birds\"",
"view_count": 1915
} | [
{
"body": "ながめる has more of a sense of \"gaze at\" than \"watch\". You might want to use\n観察{かんさつ}. I think the rather technical term for bird watching is\n[野鳥]{やちょう}[観察]{かんさつ}. So you could write 野鳥観察が[好]{す}きです.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T17:03:18.770",
"id": "48205",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-09T00:32:54.133",
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},
{
"body": "> 私は鳥を見るのが好きです (watashi wa tori wo miru no ga suki desu) - I like to watch\n> birds/watching birds\n\nYou had a couple things wrong in your sentence, for instance, after 鳥(bird)\nyou need the particle **を** because this particle is the one required when an\naction is happening towards something.\n\nThe action of seeing is happening towards the bird, if you use **が** it feels\nlike the birds that are doing the \"watching\" and not yourself.\n\nalso it lacked the **が** particle before **好き(suki)** , this particle marks\nthe subject of watching, since it marks a verb, you correctly nominalized it\nwith **の**.\n\n> 見るのが好きです(miru no ga suki desu) - I like to watch.\n\nOften in common speech we often have no need to say **私は** if it is implicit\nby the context, that is you who likes to watch birds.\n\nSo the sentence could be like that:\n\n> 鳥を見るのが好きです (tori wo miru no ga suki desu) - I like to watch birds.\n\nor in a more casual way:\n\n> 鳥を見るの好きです (tori wo miru no suki desu) - I like to watch birds. (dropping ga\n> particle in casual speech often happens as well)",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T17:04:46.013",
"id": "48206",
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},
{
"body": "I believe [野鳥]{やちょう}[観察]{かんさつ}, as mentioned above, is correct and used in\nproper writing. But I feel it is used less and less. I think バード・ウォッチング (\"bird\nwatching\"), pulled from the English, would be widely understood to mean the\nhobby of bird watching.\n\nTwo spellings are common, バードウォッチング and バードウオッチング, but I believe the first\none, with the small オ, is more popular.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-13T18:16:27.050",
"id": "48367",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-14T05:38:52.347",
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"score": 1
}
]
| 48201 | 48206 | 48205 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48204",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "i was looking for the word meaning to be lit which is 付く but as a looked at\nthe meaning it said to see 点くwhich i found to also mean 'to be lit' so are\nthey both the same or are they different? and can i use them both in any case\nor are there exceptions? thanks for any help and sorry for my frequent\nquestions",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T16:02:55.503",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48202",
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"owner_user_id": "22413",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "can a word be written with different kanji?",
"view_count": 1303
} | [
{
"body": "There are words which can be written using different kanji. In your example,\n付く can be used for a variety of meanings, one of them being the same as 点く.\nThe first is a very common verb and is many times used as a suffix to other\nverbs. The latter is specifically for saying something is lit or catches fire.\n\nThese meanings can easily be differentiated by looking at the meaning of the\n_words_ in the dictionary. But, there are several more verbs with the same\nrelationship, in which the dictionary would show the different ways of writing\nthe same word to have the exact same meaning. Take 見る for example. It has the\nsame relationship with 看る as 付く has with 点く. But the dictionary shows 観る and\n視る (miru and miru) to simply be different ways of writing the verb 見る.\nAlthough this is true, these different ways of writing _do_ have an emphasis\non usually one of the meanings of 見る. To determine what's the emphasis, you\nhave to look at the meaning of the _kanji_ used for that writing (and usually\nat the context of the word too). 視 means \"inspection\". 視る will thus have one\nof the meanings of 見る with an emphasis on that.\n\nThat's for the kunyomi writing. Words read with the onyomi writing can be\nwritten with different kanji and have the exact same meaning. In literature\nthe author might use the different kanji in a way to produce the right feeling\nof a word for his work. It's not similar to the kunyomi's \"emphasis\" stated\nabove, but is purely aesthetic. There are also a lot of outdated kanji which\nyou should ignore for now (or forever).",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T16:51:08.393",
"id": "48204",
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{
"body": "I don't disagree with holyeyeolo's answer, but I want to suggest a slightly\ndifferent way to look at.\n\nFirst off, drop the word \"word\" with respect to this problem. Instead, let's\nsplit things into:\n\n 1. orthography = how we write something down.\n 2. pronunciation = how we say it.\n\nNow, I'm going to tell you a myth. A long time ago there was a language called\n\"old Japanese\" that was spoken (it had a pronunciation) and it probably did\nnot have a writing system of its own before then ([see\nhere](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E4%BB%A3%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97)).\n\nThen, the Japanese imported kanji (multiple times actually) as a way to write\n(and developed kana from the kanji as a way to write down pronunciation).\n\nSo they had something pronounced \"miru\" and they matched that to several\nChinese characters for slightly different meanings of miru: 見る、観る、視る、看る. As\ntime passes, two related things happen. First, people begin to think of a\nkanji when they are saying \"miru\" (and thus they are no longer just thinking\n\"miru\"). Second, people start to wonder whether they need two different\ncharacters in some cases or if one is fine. (One version of the second one is\nthat the Japanese government maintains a list of kanji that it thinks people\nshould know/use).\n\nThese two forces collide in every case and result in three basic patterns:\n\n 1. One kanji is general and the other ones are subsidiary: 見る vs. 観る、視る. I could be wrong but my sense is that you usually won't be wrong but won't always seem erudite if you always use it. e.g. 映画を観る is better than 栄華を見る or so I'm told. (See <https://kotobank.jp/word/%E8%A6%8B%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E8%A6%B3%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E8%A8%BA%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E7%9C%8B%E3%82%8B-392966>. There's technical contexts where only one is appropriate, but you'll be completely safe when speaking!) (看る has a meaning of \"to look after / attend to\" and doesn't seem to fit this pattern)\n\n 2. Two (or more) kanji remain on equal footing but it's important to know which one to use in different circumstances, because the meanings are seen as pretty different at this point. 票 vs 表 or 表す vs 現す.\n\n 3. Several kanji exist, many of which are specialized, such that there's no \"safe\" kanji to pick when unsure so people including native speakers end up using the kana, for instance とる. (取る、撮る、採る、捕る ...). Many of the different kanji have a specific use, but good luck with that (<https://kotobank.jp/word/%E5%8F%96%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E5%9F%B7%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E6%8E%A1%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E6%8D%95%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E6%92%AE%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E6%91%82%E3%82%8B%E3%83%BB%E8%84%B1%E3%82%8B-344420> , <https://www.nhk.or.jp/bunken/summary/kotoba/uraomote/111.html>)\n\nAre these different orthographys for something pronounced in the same basic\nway, different \"words\"? I think that depends on how much of the two factors\npost-import have happened. (I'm having trouble finding it but there's a\nquestion somewhere on this SE about what a word is in Japanese where several\nof our native speakers contributors show how hard that is to answer)",
"comment_count": 4,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T17:21:18.293",
"id": "48207",
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}
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| 48202 | 48204 | 48204 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48211",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I'm reading [Tae Kim\ngrammar](http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/teform) and there is a\nsentence which I can't relate to either of two grammar rules (see topic name):\n\n> Ａ：旅行の計画は終わった？ \n> A: Are the plans for the trip complete?\n>\n> Ｂ：うん、切符を買った **し** (!)、ホテルの予約 **もし** (!)てある。 \n> B: Uh huh, not only did I buy the ticket, I also took care of the hotel\n> reservations.\n\nWhat do the **し** mean there? Also, why is there **も**?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T18:24:31.170",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48208",
"last_activity_date": "2019-08-28T16:58:45.123",
"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
"owner_user_id": "9205",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "Does し here mean the \"do\" verb stem or is it expressing reasons? And why is も used without は?",
"view_count": 125
} | [
{
"body": "The first し is not from the verb する. It means \"and\". So the second sentence\nreads\n\n> > Yes, I bought the tickets and the hotel also is reserved.\n\nも is modifying 予約 providing the meaning of \"also reserved\". The second し is\nactually して which is the て-form of the verb する.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T18:44:01.703",
"id": "48210",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-08T18:44:01.703",
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{
"body": "There are two different し here. The first is the particle し, which can be used\nto list verbs/sentences in a way that is analogous to the way と is used when\nlisting nouns.\n\nFor example:\n\n雨がふっているし、車がこしょうしているし、あかちゃんがないているし. . . \"It's raining, the car's broken down,\nthe baby's crying . . .\" There's no theoretical limit to the number of times\nyou can use this particle in a list of sentences, but I'd say it usually comes\nin ones, twos or threes.\n\nThe second し, following 予約も, is simply the first syllable of して, the て form of\nする, in the pattern してある, \"has been done\".\n\nホテルの予約がしてある would mean \"the hotel reservation has been made\". Replace が with も\nand you have \"the hotel reservation has been made, too\", \"the hotel\nreservation has been made as well\".\n\nSo the whole means \"Mm, I've bought the tickets, the hotel reservation has\nbeen made . . . [and so on]\". I'd say the use of し suggests that this is the\nfirst in a list of things, so there are other items that the speaker might\nhave mentioned - \"I've bought a new suitcase, I've cancelled the mail. . . \"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T19:03:03.293",
"id": "48211",
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}
]
| 48208 | 48211 | 48210 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "What would one say to their mother/father/brother/sister-in-law when their\nspouse has passed away? 「ご愁傷様でございます」「心からお悔やみ申し上げます」, which are the phrases one\ntypically uses to convey their condolences, feels too distant but I am not\nsure there are other options available.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T18:42:55.543",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48209",
"last_activity_date": "2018-05-13T03:18:24.550",
"last_edit_date": "2018-05-12T21:58:09.990",
"last_editor_user_id": "18772",
"owner_user_id": "18608",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"phrase-requests"
],
"title": "What to say to in-law when their spouse has passed away",
"view_count": 251
} | [
{
"body": "> 「ご愁傷様でございます」「心からお悔やみ申し上げます」\n\nGood!\n\nOnly you have to remember is \n**この度{たび}は、ご愁傷{しゅうしょう}様{さま}です。** \nor \n**この度{たび}は、ご愁傷{しゅうしょう}様{さま}でございます。**\n\n_**Konotabi-wa Go! Shoe Show sama-desu.**_ \nor \n_**Konotabi-wa Go! Shoe Show sama-de-gozai-masu.**_\n\nBesides what to say as condolences, I'll tell you some knacks.\n\n 1. Even Japanese natives are not familiar with the protocol of the funeral services. So, we would follow what others do or follow the instructions by the staff. The staff would usually guide you.\n\n 2. Presenting condolences should be uttered in a **low voice** , especially the latter part of them should be spoken **vaguely** ( **not clearly** ). As a matter of course, the condolences seem to be said clearly only at the starting phrase \"この度{たび}は\" ... , and seem to be muttered at the rest of them with keeping bowing.\n\n* * *\n\n[Here](http://www.sougi-manner.jp/sougi-manner-03.html) are some examples.\n\n### お悔{く}やみ言葉{ことば}の例{れい}\n\n-「この度は、ご愁傷様でございます。心よりお悔やみ申し上げます。」\n\n-「この度は、ご愁傷様でございます。さぞお力落としの事でございましょう。謹んでお悔やみ申し上げます。」\n\n-「この度は、ご愁傷様でございます。大変お辛いでしょうが、お力落としされません様に。」\n\n-「この度は、誠にご愁傷様でございます。さぞお力落としの事でございましょう。ご看病のお疲れが一度に出る時ですから、どうかご自愛くださいませ」\n\n-「この度は、ご愁傷様でございます。あまりにも突然のことで悲しみにたえません。心より、お悔やみ申し上げます」\n\n-「この度は、ご愁傷様でございます。急なことでお慰めの言葉もございません。心よりご冥福をお祈り申し上げます」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T14:42:28.197",
"id": "48234",
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{
"body": "I agree that 「ご愁傷様でございます」「心からお悔やみ申し上げます」 would feel too distant in your\nsituation. Your mother/father/brother/sister-in-law is basically your 身内, so I\nwould say (and it seems most people usually say) something like:\n\n「おかあさん/おとうさん/おねえさん/おにいさん、大変でしたね。 \n（お体（のほう）は、）大丈夫ですか？ \n（気を落とさないでくださいね。） \n何か（お手伝い）できることがあったら、（なんでも）言ってくださいね。」",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T16:19:06.493",
"id": "48236",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
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| 48209 | null | 48236 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48232",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I was recently present in a chat room where someone asked:\n\n> 日本人おるか\n\nI translated this as:\n\n> Are there Japanese people (here)?\n\nBut in that case, I'd expect it to be:\n\n> 日本人いるか\n\nI looked up おる in [an online dictionary](http://jisho.org/search/oru) and\nfound that it had the same meaning as いる:\n\n> 居る{いる} : 1. to be (animate); to be; to exist.\n\n(Also has the reading おる listed)\n\nThis brings me to my question; Why was the おる reading of 居る used, instead of\nいる? Or did I get the translation wrong?",
"comment_count": 9,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T19:49:06.183",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48212",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-09T15:01:14.223",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "19876",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"verbs",
"readings",
"hiragana"
],
"title": "In what situations would 居る (いる) be read as おる?",
"view_count": 1030
} | [
{
"body": "I'll take a whack at this, but I want any 日本人 who read this to correct me if I\nam wrong here.\n\nFirst of all, your translation was correct.\n\nReading @Chocolate's comment on the other answer, it dawned on me. If I am not\nmistaken, [居｛お｝る](http://jisho.org/word/%E5%B1%85%E3%82%8B-1) can be used in\nway that elevates the status of the person you are talking about. For example:\n\n> 神様｛かみさま｝は存在｛そんざい｝して居{お}られると思｛おも｝いますか？\n>\n> Do you think that God exists?\n\nI spent a lot of time in Japan going from door to door as a missionary, and I\nalso heard the following phrase a lot as well:\n\n> 主人｛しゅじん｝は仕事｛しごと｝に行っておりますので、けっこうです。\n>\n> My Husband isn't here, so we're good.\n\nI always thought that was kind of a lame excuse, but it is a good example of\nthe usage of おる, so I guess it all works out.\n\nAccording to jisho.org, おる is usually written as kana alone. However, I\nwouldn't be surprised if you frequently see the kanji in use as well. I\nbelieve that the usage of おる should be carefully watched though. If you only\nuse the plain form, it could (and probably will) be mistaken as 方言, as we've\nbeen discussing in the comments. In regards to 方言、I also _suspect_ that おる is\nwritten as kana only.\n\nIn regards to what you saw (日本人おるか), that was very likely 方言、not the form that\nI discussed above. It just seems kind of rude to ask that way.",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T14:41:10.497",
"id": "48232",
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"score": 3
}
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| 48212 | 48232 | 48232 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Why is こころ + みる the word used to say \"to try/attempt\"? What is it supposed to\nbe saying as an idiom?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T21:09:52.963",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48213",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-08T21:27:11.987",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "17968",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"etymology",
"idioms"
],
"title": "Why is \"to attempt\" written as 心 + 見る？",
"view_count": 284
} | [
{
"body": "When I did a sentence search on jisho.org for こころみる, there were several\nsentences for the 試みる version and none for the 心見る version, suggesting that it\nis likely antiquated to the point of being irrelevant in modern Japanese. In\nother words, if it's not a usage that you're likely to see or to use, does it\nmatter where it came from? But I guess if you're just wondering for the sake\nof curiosity, perhaps a native speaker with a deep knowledge of outdated kanji\ncould explain.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-08T21:27:11.987",
"id": "48214",
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"owner_user_id": "19784",
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"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
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| 48213 | null | 48214 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "> 1. アイスクリームを食べたら、おなかがいたくなりました\n> 2. コーヒーを飲んだら、ねられませんでした\n>\n\nIn the above examples, can たら be translated as \"because\"? If not then why?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T01:54:57.170",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48216",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-09T10:57:06.200",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-09T05:30:54.453",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "22458",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"usage",
"conjunctions"
],
"title": "can たら be translated as \"because\"?",
"view_count": 234
} | [
{
"body": "たら is a conditional, it does not imply cause like 'because' would.\n\nIf you wanted to imply cause, then you would write:\n\nアイスクリームを食べるとおなかがいたくなります。\n\nor\n\nアイスクリームを食べたからおなかがいたくなりました。\n\nThe way to use たら is for hypothetical situations or suggestions:\n\nあついなー。アイスクリームたべたら？\n\nアイスクリームたべたらからだがひえてくるかな？",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T07:37:31.397",
"id": "48221",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-09T07:37:31.397",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "7477",
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{
"body": "> (1) アイスクリームを食べたら、おなかがいたくなりました \n> In the above examples, can たら be translated as \"because\"? If not then why?\n\n(0)アイスクリームを **食べたとき** 、おなかがいたくなりました。 \n(1) **アイスクリームを食べたら、おなかがいたくなりました。** \n(2)アイスクリームを **食べると** 、おなかがいたくなりました。 \n(3)アイスクリームを **食べたから** 、おなかがいたくなりました。\n\nTranslations are only for reference. \n(0) **When** I ate the ice cream my stomach began to hurt. \n(1) On condition that I ate the ice cream my stomach began to hurt. \n(2) Same as above \n(3) **Because** I ate the ice cream my stomach began to hurt.\n\nIn A. Ellett's comment, he/she said \"it isn't explaining anything more than\n\"when\" does in english as in \"when i ate the ice cream my stomach began to\nhurt\".\n\nBut, when I think about the nuance of (1) and (2) **in Japanese** , they have\nthe nuance between (0) and (3). So, \"たら\" in the sentence (1) somewhat has a\nnuance of \"because\".",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T10:57:06.200",
"id": "48224",
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]
| 48216 | null | 48221 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48219",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> 会社の同僚に彼女とのデートを目撃されてきまりが悪かった\n\nI tried to translate this : i feel awkward because i was witnessed by my\ncoworker friend dating her に here means by? Is this true?",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T05:30:54.427",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48218",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-09T06:04:00.703",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-09T05:46:09.073",
"last_editor_user_id": "78",
"owner_user_id": "15896",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"translation"
],
"title": "Help to translate sentence",
"view_count": 84
} | [
{
"body": "This is a passive sentence inside of an expression of the emotion felt by the\nspeaker.\n\n> 会社の同僚に彼女とのデートを目撃されてきまりが悪かった\n\nSo we've got ... きまり悪かった as the main verb of the sentence and means \"was\nembarrassed.\" The unspoken subject is the person making the sentence = \"I\"\n\n> `I was embarrassed ...`\n\nSo now we can turn to the part inside:\n\n> 会社の同僚に彼女とのデートを目撃されて\n\nFirst let's think about that verb:\n\n * 目撃する = to witness \n * 目撃された = to be witnessed (to be seen) \n\nFilled out:\n\n```\n\n XにAを目撃された\n \n```\n\n= Subject was seen by X doing A.\n\nIn this case X = 会社の同僚 (coworker) A = 彼女とのデート (being on a date with my\ngirlfriend).\n\n> [I] was seen on a date with my girlfriend by my coworker.\n\nAdd back the main verb\n\n> I was embarrassed when I was seen by a coworker while I was on a date with\n> my girlfriend.\n\n(I've picked \"girlfriend\" but it's also possible to just have \"her\" in this\ncontext).",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T06:04:00.703",
"id": "48219",
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| 48218 | 48219 | 48219 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48222",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "shouldnt compound kanji be read with on reading i came by the word 子供 but the\nkanji here are read with their kun readings being こ and ども thanks for any help",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T06:56:22.140",
"favorite_count": 0,
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"owner_user_id": "22413",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "is it normal to sometimes read compound kanji with kun reading",
"view_count": 183
} | [
{
"body": "> Is it normal to sometimes read compound kanji with kun reading?\n\nSometimes yes, but as a whole this kind of reading is exceptional. As for the\nreason, it took me a decent long time to collect these examples.\n\n◎訓読み〔[訓読み＋訓読み](https://ameblo.jp/chibi8taco/entry-11870860564.html)〕：和語\n\n青空（あお＋ぞら） 裏庭（うら＋にわ） 薬指（くすり＋ゆび） 毛玉（け＋だま）\n\n坂道（さか＋みち） 花園（はな＋ぞの） 丸太（まる＋た） 横顔（よこ＋がお）\n\n◎[訓読みだけの](https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q1010148070)\n牧場（まき＋ば）・細道（ほそ＋みち）・夕方（ゆう＋がた）\n\n◎[訓読み＋訓読みの熟語](http://kanjinozatsugaku.blog.jp/archives/8923232.html)\n・家路（いえ＋じ）・霜柱（しも＋ばしら）・手紙（て＋がみ）\n\n[◎【訓読みさせる二字熟語】](https://detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp/qa/question_detail/q11142171781)\n海松(うみまつ)、海嘯(うみなり)、垂水(たるみ)、鳴水(なるみ)、弓月(ゆみづき、ゆづき)、観月(みづき)、山肌(やまはだ)、山脈(やまなみ)、山峡(やまかい)、山沢(やまさわ)、沢渡(さわたり、さわわたり)、沢瀉(おもだか)、蒼天(あおぞら)、稲妻(いなづま)、稲光(いなびかり) \n「草木」＝「くさき」、「竹林」＝「たけばやし」、「水面」＝「みなも」 \n滝壺（たきつぼ）、山川（やまかわ）、野原（のはら）、谷底（たにぞこ）\n\n◎ 人柄(ひと＋がら) 手数（て＋かず） 昼間（ひる＋ま） 人手（ひと＋で）",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T08:22:59.283",
"id": "48222",
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"score": 0
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| 48220 | 48222 | 48222 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48226",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I am currently facing an exam in beginner Japanese where I will have to\ndescribe a picture of a person's entire day.\n\nI've prepared a list of conjunctions I can use to go from event to event, but\nI am unsure of how many of them sound natural, so I'd like to get a second\nopinion.\n\nFor example, say the character I'm describing wakes up and then eats\nbreakfast. Which of these sound natural? And are there any handy ones I've\nforgotten?\n\n 1. 初めに、彼が起きました。次に、朝ご飯を食べました。\n\n 2. 初めに、彼が起きました。そのあと、朝ご飯を食べました。\n\n 3. 初めに、彼が起きました。起きたあとで、朝ご飯を食べました。\n\n 4. 初めに、彼が起きました。起きてから、朝ご飯を食べました。\n\n 5. 初めに、彼が起きました。そして、朝ご飯を食べました。\n\n 6. 初めに、彼が起きました。それから、朝ご飯を食べました。\n\n 7. 初めに、彼が起きました。そして、それから、朝ご飯を食べました。\n\nLooking forward to your suggestions.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-09T10:16:53.497",
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"id": "48223",
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"owner_user_id": "22300",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"conjunctions"
],
"title": "Temporal sequence conjunctions",
"view_count": 185
} | [
{
"body": "> 初めに、彼 **が** 起きました。\n\nThis phrase implies that there were people besides him and he woke up earlier\nthan anyone else. I know this interpretation is not your intention. \nIf you want to describe only his sequential events starting with his waking up\nin one day, you should say like 初めに、彼 **は** 起きました。Though there are some other\nexpressions in place of 初めに like まず, まず初めに, or まず最初に, you should not use が in\n彼が to avoid the misunderstanding that there were many people.\n\n> Which of these sound natural?\n\nAll are natural except for sentence 4 and 7. I prefer sentence 1 and 5 to\nothers. \nBesides が and は problem, I think sentence 4 is unnatural and sentence 7 is a\nlittle verbose. \nThe sentence 3 and 4 are alike, but only the sentence 4 sounds unnatural. I'm\nsorry I couldn't explain the reason.\n\n> And are there any handy ones I've forgotten?\n\n初めに、彼は起きました。 **そのあとで** 、朝ご飯を食べました。 \nThis is only for your request, but your sentence 1 and 5 are better than this.",
"comment_count": 4,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-09T12:49:59.157",
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| 48223 | 48226 | 48226 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "Why is のこと used in the sentence below?\n\nOr more specifically, what is the difference between V-ときです and V-ときのことです?\n\n> むかし、むかし、桶屋で働く若者が桶にする竹を切っていた時 **のこと** です。",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T12:33:59.733",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48225",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-09T13:41:01.400",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "19511",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar"
],
"title": "What is the difference between Verb+ときです and Verb+ときのことです?",
"view_count": 543
} | [
{
"body": "* V-ときです: It happened when he was sawing a bamboo trunk. \n * V-ときのことです: It was the event that happened when he was sawing a bamboo trunk. \n\nThe former one pays attention to the time, while the latter one pays attention\nto the event.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T13:12:50.940",
"id": "48227",
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},
{
"body": "> 桶にする竹を切っていた時\n\nWould refer to the time he cut the bamboo.\n\n> 桶にする竹を切っていた時のこと\n\nRefers to the things (こと) that happened during the time he cut the bamboo.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T13:13:46.063",
"id": "48228",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-09T13:13:46.063",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "10548",
"parent_id": "48225",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 5
},
{
"body": "This is going to help a lot in answering your question: [What is the こと in\nsentences such as\nあなたのことが好きだ?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/2102).\n\nThe selected answer explains how こと or 事【こと】 can be used in a few\nsignificantly different ways:\n\n * to encompass the things around an object/concept (i.e. \"about\"), like your sentence does --\n\n> 時のこと (the event... / the thing(s) that happened when...)\n\n * to simply mean \"thing\"\n\n * > to add a layer of indirectness",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-09T13:41:01.400",
"id": "48230",
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}
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| 48225 | null | 48228 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48233",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "> 何年か前の話ですが、 ディズニーランドで子供がトイレに入って、出てくるのを外で待ってると、\n> トイレ内で髪を染められ、服も着替えさせられて子供が誘拐された、ディズニーランドでは 出入り口を全て封鎖して、犯人が見つかった **とか** 、\n> そのまま子供がいなくなっちゃった **とか** 結構聞きましたが、 その話本当ですか？\n\nHello, again, I'm translating colloquial japanese. Why did the author of this\npost use とか? Why didn't he use て? Is there a special connection between the\ntwo verbs 見つかった andいなくなっちゃった? I don't understand whether they are connected to\n結構聞きました or not (there's a space in the original text before 結構). Also, how can\nI translate 結構 here?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T13:36:21.157",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"particles",
"syntax"
],
"title": "translation: とか and 結構",
"view_count": 183
} | [
{
"body": "とか here means an indefinite list. 結構 here means to have heard these things a\nlot (see some of the synonymous constructions here\n<http://thesaurus.weblio.jp/content/%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B>)\n\nso\n\n> 犯人が見つかったとか、\n\n= things like they caught the culprit\n\n> そのまま子供がいなくなっちゃったとか\n\n= or things like the children disappeared\n\n> 結構聞きましたが、 その話本当ですか？\n\nare things that I often heard, but is this story true?",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-09T14:38:51.820",
"id": "48231",
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{
"body": "`結構` is used here in sense 4 [from\nEDICT](http://jisho.org/word/%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B):\n\n> 4. quite; reasonably; fairly; tolerably\n>\n\n`とか` could be roughly translated as \"things like\". On the more analytic level,\nit is a combination of the quoting `と` and `か`. I.e., here the author is\nquoting the things they've heard:\n\n> I've heard plenty of stories like \"they found the culprit\" or \"The child\n> just disappeared like that\", but is [any of them] true?\n\n`て` could have been used if it was describing the actual sequence of events,\nbut since here it's hearsay it doesn't really work. Also, it seems that \"they\nfound the culprit\" and \"The child just disappeared like that\" are two\nconflicting storylines and not sequential events, so `て` doesn't work here.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-09T14:41:38.827",
"id": "48233",
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{
"body": "Because the author heard the story from another source, he doesn't remember\nwhat he was told word for word. He uses とか to explain that that's the\n_general_ idea he understood from the source, which may (/not) have told him\nthe complete and detailed story behind how they found the offender, and how\nthe children were already gone by then.\n\nI don't know of any special connection between the two verbs.\n\nThe space before 結構 is like a colloquial '。' or '，' . The author just wants to\nstate a break in his speech.\n\n> 結構聞きましたが\n\nI'd try something like \"I've been asking around but...\"",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T14:51:46.813",
"id": "48235",
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]
| 48229 | 48233 | 48233 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48260",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "I was writing in my Japanese study journal, and I realized that I don't really\nknow a good phrase for \"...ironically, ...\" Like so:\n\n> Work as of late hasn't been busy. Ironically, even though I prefer to have a\n> busy schedule, I just can't find enough to do.\n\nTo me, 嫌味｛いやみ｝and 皮肉｛ひにく｝seem to carry a little bit of a negative context with\nthem. I can make the sentence work with 逆｛ぎゃく｝に、but that doesn't really\ncapture that I think that the situation has a light-hearted kind of irony. Am\nI wrong in thinking that there is another way to express this kind of light-\nhearted irony?\n\nHere's my translation:\n\n> 最近、仕事はそんなに忙しくなかった。実は日々のスケジュールが忙しいなら楽だけど、逆に私のスケジュールはどうせいっぱいにならない。\n\nAm I on the right track? Is there a better way for me to express that I think\nthis ironic?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T16:55:09.383",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48237",
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"owner_user_id": "22352",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"word-choice",
"words",
"word-requests"
],
"title": "Expressing the irony of the situation",
"view_count": 349
} | [
{
"body": "> ...楽だけど、 **不思議な真似に** 私のスケジュールは **いつも** どうせいっぱいにならない。\n\nI'm not entirely sure a native will speak the same way though.",
"comment_count": 7,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-09T17:50:41.080",
"id": "48243",
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{
"body": "There's something of a cultural gap at play here. Even after almost 20 years\nliving in Japan, I still find it different to convey light-hearted irony.\n\nYou're correct, however, in thinking that neither 嫌味 nor 皮肉 would be\nappropriate.\n\nIf I were trying to express your English sentence in Japanese, I'd probably\nsay something along the lines of:\n\n> 僕にとって、スケジュールが詰まってるほど忙しい方が良いのに、よりによって最近仕事があまり忙しくなくて、暇になっちゃってる。\n\nIncidentally, if I were to keep your 「どうせ」, then I'd probably go with:\n\n> どうせならスケジュールが詰まってるほど忙しい方が良いが、最近は仕事があまり忙しくなくて、暇になっちゃってる。\n\nI'm not entirely certain of the extent to which either of the above conveys\nthe sense of irony you're looking for, but I think they're reasonably close to\nwhat someone in your situation might say.",
"comment_count": 4,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-10T05:48:07.763",
"id": "48258",
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{
"body": "As you said, I think 皮肉にも has a bit negative nuance and I can't think of the\nappropriate word for a light-hearted kind of irony.\n\nI translated your sentence as \"最近仕事は忙しくないんだ。忙しく過ごしたいんだけど、(?)やることが見つからないんだ\". I\ncan't think of (?).",
"comment_count": 5,
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}
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| 48237 | 48260 | 48243 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48241",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "\n\nCan anyone tell what that kanji is? The left part looks a bit like 禽 but\ntrying to use its radicals for searching isn't giving me anything close to\nresembling the one in the image.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T17:01:44.007",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48238",
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"owner_user_id": "21932",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji",
"handwriting"
],
"title": "Can't recognize the kanji",
"view_count": 738
} | [
{
"body": "It's 離.\n\n> 「[離]{はな}してー」 \n> \"Let go of me. / Let me go.\"\n\n(But I have no idea what 「らめー」 means)",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T17:14:44.760",
"id": "48241",
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| 48238 | 48241 | 48241 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48251",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "So I was talking to a friend when he told me, as the title says, that:\n\n> **だからよ** is \"girly talk\" but **だからね** is correct\n\nfor instance:\n\n> 昨日は楽しい、お酒を飲んだからね (according to him, totally ok and natural)\n>\n> 昨日は楽しい、お酒を飲んだからよ (according to him, girly talk) it should in fact be:\n>\n> 昨日は楽しい、お酒を飲んだから **だ** よ\n\nIt's weird for me because, in everything else I studied so far, both this\nparticles seem to respect the same grammar rules (though I know this is not\nreally a grammar point but a \"pattern\" in the spoke language)\n\nIs it correct? Is this the only case where these partciles behave differently",
"comment_count": 11,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T17:05:17.070",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
"last_editor_user_id": "-1",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"slang",
"spoken-language",
"particle-ね",
"particle-よ"
],
"title": "Why だからよ is considered \"girly talk\" and だからね is not?",
"view_count": 325
} | [
{
"body": "…からよ can be interpreted as two usages.\n\nOne is a sentence ender with だ omitted, in other words, it's interchangeable\nto …からだよ, albeit it's slang among women in a certain generation or 役割語 for\nfemale characters. （静かね is parallel to this.)\n\nThe other one is filler usage, this time, it's not interchangeable to …からだよ\nbut just added to the sub clause …から, which is slang too, and also a 役割語 for\nthe delinquent.\n\nAnd the point is, the filler usage with ね is accepted in Standard Japanese.\nThat's why he said it's correct.\n\nDifference between main clause and sub clause\n\n * main clause: それは酒を飲んだからだ (It is because I drank alcohol)\n * sub clause: 楽しかった。酒を飲んだから。(I was happy because I drank alcohol)\n\nIn the former sentence, 飲んだからだ is the predicate of the sentence or the main\nclause. And particles like な, ね or よ that follow it are a sentence ending\nparticle, in other words, ones as in それは酒を飲んだからだよ or それは酒を飲んだからよ.\n\nIn the latter, 飲んだから is a sub clause, and particles that appear after it are a\nfiller.",
"comment_count": 3,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-09T22:49:21.903",
"id": "48251",
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| 48239 | 48251 | 48251 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48242",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "My understanding of katakana is that they are used for foreign words. I am not\nsure why they might use it like that:\n\n> ヒトヒラのハナビラ for Hitohira no Hanabira\n\nThe lyrics are [here](http://lyricstranslate.com/en/hitohira-no-\nhanabira-%E3%83%92%E3%83%88%E3%83%92%E3%83%A9%E3%81%AE%E3%83%8F%E3%83%8A%E3%83%93%E3%83%A9-single-\nflower-petal.html).",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-09T17:08:32.110",
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"owner_user_id": "22480",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"katakana",
"song-lyrics"
],
"title": "Why do Stereopony use Katakana for their song \"Hitohira no Hanabira\"?",
"view_count": 1006
} | [
{
"body": "My understanding on the broader topic of styling, alphabet choice, and the\nlike for song titles is that usually choices like this are made when they want\nthe content to appeal to a specific crowd, or to evoke a very specific feel.\nIf, for example, you saw the title as 一片の花びら, you might think it's a more\ntraditional expression of the image that is evoked by the phrase. ひとひらのはなびら\nmight give the impression the song is aimed at children due to the use of all-\nひらがな. Therefore, ヒトヒラのハナビラ might at first glance give the idea that there is\nan alternative artistic expression of this phrase that is encapsulated in the\nsong named after it.\n\nAlternatively, it's to create emphasis on the specific words when read. In\nthis case, the title is ヒトヒラのハナビラ as you mentioned, and if you come across the\nphrase written like this in the lyrics then you know that it's referring to\nthe titular phrase of the song.",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-09T17:28:54.200",
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| 48240 | 48242 | 48242 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48257",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I heard it as \"まるくなれますか\" and I thought \"Can we become round?\", but then I\nstarted laughing. What does it really mean?\n\n[Edit]\n\nSure, the full sentence was, something like this I think:\n\nJa, watashi mo Michan san to... maruku naremasu ka?\n\nI think it's some sort of confession of love, but I'd like to know how a\nJapanese person would interpret that.",
"comment_count": 2,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-09T18:40:30.787",
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"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"expressions"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of the expression まるくなる?",
"view_count": 560
} | [
{
"body": "> まるくなる\n\nIt usually depicts that a certain thing becomes round physically.\n\nBut, when we use まるくなる about a person, the meaning becomes different and is\nused as a figurative meaning.\n\nIt is a word expresses the human nature. When you say 彼はまるくなった, it means he or\nhis nature has become mellow, tolerant or gentle. \nAlso it is praise expressing he has grown up as an excellent adult.\n\n> Ja, watashi mo Michan san to... maruku naremasu ka?\n\nAfter I read the sentence, I thought I had to add another interpretation to\nまるくなる. \nIt means \"A becomes on friendly terms with B\". \nSo the whole meaning of the sentence is like: \n_Then, can I also become on friendly terms with you, Michan-san?_\n\n* * *\n\n## Further examination\n\nI know \"まるくなる with someone\" doesn't mean \"a person becomes on friendly terms\nwith someone\", which I wrote in my answer. As a matter of course, there is no\nsuch a meaning for まるくなる in Japanese. I inferred and answered this\ninterpretation by examining the given phrase **じゃあ、私もみっちゃんさんと...まるくなれますか？**\nSo, the interpretation was totally my invention.\n\nI searched for the phrase on the Internet, and at last I found it in [an\nanimated cartoon video](http://embed.nicovideo.jp/watch/sm19607920). I'll show\nyou the script at and after 8:21 from the beginning of the video as follows:\n\nみっちゃんさん１： （8:21）ご機嫌斜めだね、夏目ちゃん。あれは傷つくよ～。あの年頃の男は繊細なんだから... \n夏目１： 見てたんですか？みっちゃんさん \nみっちゃんさん２： せっかく正月だし、はるの友達連れてきて、俺はうれしいし、夏目ちゃんやしずくちゃんにも会えてうれしいし、優しくしてあげようよ、ね。 \n夏目２： 別に、前ちょっといやな態度とっちゃって、どうすればいいかわかんなくなっちゃっただけです。 \n（なんだ普通にしゃべれる） \n男の子嫌いです。特に私に言い寄ってくる男なんて大っ嫌いです。 \nみっちゃんさん３： あはーん、言うね。その年で男嫌いとは贅沢だね。俺は女の子が大好きだからね。 \n夏目３： みっちゃんさんも恋愛したいんですか。 \nみっちゃんさん４： （9:14）恋愛？ あははは～\nなんせ借金が重くてね。でも恋はいいよ。恋は良くも悪くも人を変える。逆に言えば変わるチャンスだよね。（9:33）でえ、\n**いい恋愛ってのは、人間をま～るくしてくれるんだよね。** \n夏目４： 私は、みってぃーや、はる君や大好きな人たちがいれば他はいらないです。そしてゆくゆくはみってぃー王国を。 \nみっちゃんさん５： ああ、いやいや。 \n夏目５： 誰も傷つかない。ずっと楽しい永遠の王国です。 \nみっちゃんさん６: ないよ、そんなのは。分かってるでしょ。 \n夏目６: （10:10）じゃあ、 **私もみっちゃんさんと...まるくなれますか？**\n\nIn the line by みっちゃんさん４, there is a phrase **いい恋愛ってのは、人間をま～るくしてくれるんだよね**. \nま～るくなる in this phrase is まるくなる, and the meaning of it is to become mellow,\ntolerant or gentle what I wrote in my answer.\n\nAnd, in the line by 夏目６, the exact phrase appears as was given by you or the\nquestioner.\n\nIf you examine both phrases みっちゃんさん４ and 夏目６, it is easy to guess that\n**私もみっちゃんさんと...まるくなれますか？** means 私もみっちゃんさんと **恋愛をして** 、まるくなれますか？.\n\nYes, she confessed her love to him by quoting from his former phrase cleverly.",
"comment_count": 1,
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| 48244 | 48257 | 48257 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48247",
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"body": "So how can I say \"My TV was broken by you\", which one is correct?\n\n * > 僕のテレビは君に **壊れた**\n\n * > 僕のテレビは君に **壊れられた**",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T19:33:04.650",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48246",
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"owner_user_id": "19322",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"translation",
"word-choice",
"transitivity"
],
"title": "Is 壊れる (こわれる) already in pasive form (受身形)?",
"view_count": 342
} | [
{
"body": "[This falls under the difference between transitive and intransitive\nverbs.](https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/transitive-intransitive-verbs/) You\nare using the intransitive verb, when you should be using the transitive verb.\n\nTransitive verbs require an agent to do them. They do not happen on their own,\nand need someone/something to do them. For example:\n\n> I woke Brian up.\n>\n> I opened the door\n\nIntransitive verbs happen on their own naturally. In other words, they are\ndone automatically, without your help. For example:\n\n> I woke up.\n>\n> The door opened.\n\nThere is a\n[transitive](http://jisho.org/word/%E5%A3%8A%E3%81%99)/[intransitive](http://jisho.org/word/%E5%A3%8A%E3%82%8C%E3%82%8B)\npair for the verb break. The transitive form is\n[壊す｛こわす｝](http://jisho.org/word/%E5%A3%8A%E3%81%99)and it means \"to break.\"\nBecause it is a transitive verb, you need to do the breaking, it does not\nbreak on its own.\n\n> あなたは私のテレビを壊した。\n>\n> You broke my TV.\n\nThe intransitive verb is\n[壊れる｛こわれる｝](http://jisho.org/word/%E5%A3%8A%E3%82%8C%E3%82%8B), and it means\n\"to break, to be broken.\" This is a thing that happens on its own, and no one\ndid anything to break it.\n\n> あのテレビは壊れた。\n>\n> That TV is broken.\n\nYou are trying to say, \"My TV was broken by you.\" This requires a passive\nvoice, where the TV is the subject of the sentence. So you were on the right\ntrack when you used ～られる when you attempted this sentence. 壊す is a godan verb,\nso we won't use ～られる、but rather 「～base 1 + れる。」The conjugated form becomes\n壊される。\n\n> 私のテレビは君に壊された。\n\nHope it helps.",
"comment_count": 6,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T19:57:19.980",
"id": "48247",
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| 48246 | 48247 | 48247 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "> オレが口を酸っぱくして教えたよね？\n\nTo my understanding, it means \"Did I teach you to do it with a sour mouth?\" or\nactually, \"Didn't I teach you with a sour mouth?\", but I'm not sure what sour\nmouth means.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T20:04:25.660",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48248",
"last_activity_date": "2022-05-21T10:02:10.333",
"last_edit_date": "2021-11-22T21:56:25.250",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "22083",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"expressions",
"idioms"
],
"title": "What does the expression \"sour mouth\" mean? 口を酸っぱくして",
"view_count": 257
} | [
{
"body": "口を酸っぱくして教える means \"tell [somebody something] over and over again [without any\neffect]\". 教える here is \"tell\" rather than \"teach\". A corresponding English\nidiom would be \"I've told you till I'm blue in the face!\" I imagine the\nunderlying meaning is \"I've said this so many times I've got a sour taste in\nmy mouth\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T16:40:22.390",
"id": "48276",
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| 48248 | null | 48276 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Double particles certainly occur in Japanese, but do triple particles ever\noccur? And if so, what is their pitch pattern?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-09T20:24:11.683",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48249",
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"owner_user_id": "22482",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"particles"
],
"title": "Triple Particles",
"view_count": 131
} | [
{
"body": "Off the top of my head, I can think of 〜からには\n\n * [What's the difference between 〜以上は and 〜からには](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/2549/78)\n * [What's the difference between からには, 以上, and 上は?](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/q/41565)\n\nAlso, 〜までには\n\n> * かれがここへ着くまでには仕事を終えているでしょう → I will finish my job by the time he gets here\n>\n\n* * *\n\n*Example sentence taken from スーパー大辞林 in macOS Sierra 10.12",
"comment_count": 3,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-09T20:43:31.670",
"id": "48250",
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| 48249 | null | 48250 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48265",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "The English idiom \"anything under the sun\" means, anything at all. For\nexample:\n\n> We sat and talked about anything under the sun.\n\nIs there a Japanese phrase with the same nuance as that? The sentence:\n\n> 私たちは座って色々な事について話しました。\n\ndoesn't seem to \"catch\" the nuance.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T04:11:13.187",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48252",
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"last_edit_date": "2021-11-22T21:59:39.090",
"last_editor_user_id": "30454",
"owner_user_id": "19580",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 2,
"tags": [
"idioms"
],
"title": "Is there a phrase in Japanese that means \"anything under the sun\"?",
"view_count": 729
} | [
{
"body": "**森羅｛しんら｝万象｛ばんしょう｝**\n\n森羅｛しんら｝万象｛ばんしょう｝ means _all things in nature_.\n\n> 森羅万象とは天地間に存在するありとあらゆる事象のこと。 \n> Translation: 森羅万象 literally means _every phenomenon or thing existing\n> between the sky (/the heavens) and the ground (/the earth)_.\n\nI'm sorry to say that 森羅万象 is solemn, but is not so friendly.\n\nSimilar to 森羅万象, there is another expression **天地｛てんち｝万物｛ばんぶつ｝** that means\n_the whole creation_ or _everything in heaven and earth_.\n\n**天地万物** consists of **天** _heaven_ , **地** _earth_ and **万物** _everything_ (\n**万** _ten thousands_ / _a lot of_ and **物** _thing_ ).\n\n天地万物 is not so solemn as 森羅万象, but is also not so friendly.\n\nThere are some adverbs similar to the expression anything \" _under the sun_ \":\n\n * 満｛まん｝天下｛てんか｝に： _under the sky_\n * お天道｛てんとう｝様｛さま｝の下｛もと／した｝で： _with the sun / under the sun_",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T04:56:18.913",
"id": "48253",
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},
{
"body": "According to my E-J dictionaries...\n\n> under the sun ｟略式｠(1) この世で[の]、天が下に[の]. **(2) [everything under the sun]\n> ありとあらゆること.** (3) [nothing under the sun] 全く何も…ない. [4]｟まれ｠[通例 What...? 構文で]\n> いったいぜんたい. \n> (Taishukan's Genius English-Japanese Dictionary)\n\n> under the sun ① この世の[で] There is nothing new under the sun.\n> 日の下に新しきものなし[←Bible _Eccl_ 1:9] **② すべての、いろいろな I tried everything under the\n> sun. ありとあらゆることをすべて試した** \n> (Obunsha's Lexis English-Japanese Dictionary)\n\n\"Anything under the sun\" in your sentence is used in the sense of #2 in both\ndictionaries, so I think it can be translated as:\n\n> 私たちは座って、ありとあらゆることについて話しました。 \n> 私たちは座って、ありとあらゆるすべてのことについて話しました。",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-10T08:45:04.563",
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| 48252 | 48265 | 48253 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48256",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/dtObX.png)\n\nCan anyone please tell me what this character is? I've typically never\nstruggle with identifying kanji, but I've been stuck on this for hours.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T05:11:29.387",
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"owner_user_id": "22490",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "Trouble recognizing kanji",
"view_count": 92
} | [
{
"body": "> [再](http://jisho.org/search/%E5%86%8D%20%23kanji) \n> again, twice, second time \n> Kun: ふたた.び \n> On: サイ、 サ \n> (Jisho)",
"comment_count": 0,
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"creation_date": "2017-06-10T05:23:58.223",
"id": "48256",
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| 48254 | 48256 | 48256 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48261",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "How do I get a V sound in Japanese? How do I write my name XAVIER\n\nThank you in advance for your reply. Prasanna XD",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T05:19:08.437",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48255",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-10T06:57:27.277",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22491",
"post_type": "question",
"score": -1,
"tags": [
"sound-symbolism"
],
"title": "'V' sound in Japanese",
"view_count": 2111
} | [
{
"body": "We Japanese all know your name\n[here](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B7%E3%82%B9%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B6%E3%83%93%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB)\n(in Japanese) and [here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Xavier) (in\nEnglish).\n\nWe usually write Xavier as ザビエル, but the Japanese who could write it as ザヴィエル\nhave increased since English loanwords have increased. The sound of ビ is _bi_\n, while ヴィ is _vi_ , so ヴィ seems to express the sound more accurately.\n\nBut, we are familiar with フランシスコ ザビエル, so I recommend you to write your name\nas ザビエル.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T06:46:23.300",
"id": "48261",
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| 48255 | 48261 | 48261 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "This is a line from a story:\n\n> Speaker C: どのみち先に言わないと駄目でしょ……。\n>\n> Some context: A has withheld information from B and has fed B false\n> information instead as a joke, A says the correct information to himself\n> after B leaves but C hears it and rebukes A for doing that mischievous act,\n> saying the above line.\n\nI believe it would translate to something like:\n\n> You should say it beforehand anyway.\n\nBut literally I believe it would be:\n\n> Anyway, it must not be [the case] that you don't say it beforehand.\n\nGiven that my above translations are accurate, does that mean the word 駄目 can\neffectively 'cancel out' a negative in the same sentence? In this case 言わない -\ndon't say, but in context the speaker is implying \"you should say it\" right?\nSo that would mean the negative is in actuality 'canceled out'.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T06:00:33.817",
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"id": "48259",
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"last_edit_date": "2020-06-17T08:18:27.500",
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"owner_user_id": "22493",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"words",
"word-usage"
],
"title": "Can the word \"駄目\" effectively 'cancel out' a negative?",
"view_count": 91
} | [
{
"body": "言わないと駄目 literally means:\n\n言わない = don't say \nと = if (conjunctive particle) \n駄目 = no good\n\n\"No good if you don't say\", hence \"You should say.\"\n\n> 「どのみち先に言わ **ないと駄目** でしょ……。」 \n> ( _lit._ ) \"Anyway, it will be _no good if_ you _don't_ say it\n> beforehand.\" \n> → \"You _should_ say it beforehand anyway.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T07:55:55.280",
"id": "48264",
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| 48259 | null | 48264 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48271",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "I stumbled on the phrase キドクつかねーぞ in the manga I'm reading. The context is the\nMC (Male character) is bickering with the FC (Female character) for being too\ncareless. Below is the MC and FC's dialogue in Japanese:\n\n> MC: おい 愛菜(えな) \n> これ 朝マンションの下に落ちてたぞ (The item was a wallet.)\n>\n> FC: え \n> ありがとー！ \n> さがしてたの！\n>\n> MC: つーかおまえ先行くなよ \n> あぶなっかしいんだから\n>\n> FC: だって今日横倉先輩の朝練の日だったんだもん！ \n> ファンとしては見なきゃいけないじゃん！\n>\n> MC: 知るか！ \n> ポロポロ物おとしていきやがって！ \n> 忘れもんは!?\n>\n> FC: ない!\n>\n> MC: スマホもってねーだろ！\n>\n> Sfx: ぎくっ (I can't determine, to whom is this for but i assume it's from the\n> FC)\n>\n> MC/FC?:キドクつかねーぞ (This is written near the balloon of the last sentence of\n> the MC)\n\nAnd here is how I understand the dialogue in English:\n\n> MC: Have you forgotten anything else!?\n>\n> FC: None!\n>\n> MC: You don't have your cellphone, right!\n>\n> FC/MC?:キドクつかねーぞ\n\nIn the last dialog I'm not really certain if the MC/FC is the speaker since\nI'm not sure of it's meaning.\n\nI've tried to research on Google and arrived at the assumption that maybe this\nphrase is the same as \"既読つかない\". I tried to read the content of this site\n<http://appllio.com/line-deja-vu> (though it's written in Japanese), but it\nseems that this phrase is about marking an email as unread. But with that I\nthink it means \"Stop reading my thoughts!\"\n\nIs my understanding correct?",
"comment_count": 3,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T07:18:41.127",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48262",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-10T14:49:14.563",
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"owner_user_id": "20375",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"phrases"
],
"title": "What's the meaning of キドクつかねーぞ?",
"view_count": 348
} | [
{
"body": "キドク, usually written 既読, means \"has been read\" (「既」=already, 「読」=read).\nつかねー(ぞ) is a colloquial, masculine way of saying つかない(ぞ), which is the\nnegative form of [付]{つ}く.\n\n> it seems that this phrase is about marking an email as unread.\n\n既読が付く means \"marked as read.\" キドクつかねーぞ is 既読がつかないぞ, literally meaning \"isn't\nmarked as read\".\n\nHere the male character says \"The message that I've sent you isn't marked as\nread\" / \"The messages that I've been sending you don't get marked as read\",\nimplying \"You've left your smartphone, right? So you can't read my messages.\"",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T14:06:40.227",
"id": "48271",
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| 48262 | 48271 | 48271 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48266",
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"body": "Apparently when speaking to someone like 明仁, I'd need to speak a special brand\nof urban-polite keigo called 最高敬語.\n\nGiven this, what exactly are the rules for this brand of keigo? As I can only\nfind it on Japanese wikipedia, and my Japanese isn't good enough to thusly\nread up on it.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T07:42:20.760",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48263",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-11T10:42:07.617",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "17968",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"keigo"
],
"title": "What are the rules for using 最高敬語?",
"view_count": 228
} | [
{
"body": "No, you don't need it. It's just speaker's choice.\n\n最高敬語 is ~~no longer a different category from normal 敬語, in short~~ ,\nobsolete. In modern language, ~~it consists of some specific words~~ it's just\na bunch of leftovers and doesn't have grammar that's generally applicable. So,\nthere are no rules.\n\nEven if you use it to 今上 (the current tenno), it just sounds old fashioned or\na kind of joke at most.\n\ne.g.\n\n * あらせらる（ある）\n * 行幸｛ぎょうこう｝ (tenno's visit)\n * 崩御｛ほうぎょ｝ (tenno's death)\n * 陛下｛へいか｝ (his/her majesty)\n * 殿下｛でんか｝ (his/her highness)\n * 猊下｛げいか｝ (his/her holiness)\n\nAmong them, 陛下 or 殿下 are commonly used unlike others but at the same time,\nsimply さま is often used instead, though you particularly don't say 天皇{てんのう}さま\nbut 天皇陛下. 崩御 may be heard too.\n\n(When I was writing the slashed part, I was thinking of some 二重敬語 but as a\nresult of adding modern leftovers, my explanation went contradictory.)",
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"creation_date": "2017-06-10T09:23:01.753",
"id": "48266",
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}
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| 48263 | 48266 | 48266 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48270",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "Can someone break down this Japanese sentence into simpler parts?\n\n> 中村さんは私を相撲を見に連れて行ってくださいました。\n\nI was stuck at the 私を相撲を, didn't realize that it's about watching sumo that's\nwhy there were two をs.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T13:25:21.013",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48267",
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"last_edit_date": "2021-11-22T21:57:23.567",
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"owner_user_id": "22496",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"meaning",
"parsing"
],
"title": "Parsing 中村さんは私を相撲を見に連れて行ってくださいました",
"view_count": 109
} | [
{
"body": "> 中村さんは私を相撲を見に **連れて行ってくださいました** 。\n\nThe basic form of the given sentence is as:\n\n> 中村さんは私を相撲を見に連れて行く。\n\nIf you parse the sentence, you'll get it as follows.\n\n> 中村さんは _Mr./Ms. Nakamura_ \n> 私を _me_ \n> 相撲を見に _to watch sumo matches_ \n> 連れて行く _takes_\n\n**連れて行ってくださいました** is the past tense form of 連れて行ってくださいます. \n連れて行ってくださいます is the polite form (丁寧形｛ていねいけい｝) of 連れて行ってくださる. \n連れて行ってくださる is the honorific/respectful form (尊敬語) of 連れて行ってくれる.\n\nThe relation between 連れて行ってくれる and 連れて行く is explained precisely\n[here](https://japanese.stackexchange.com/questions/27588/why-can-story-\nwriters-use-%E3%81%8F%E3%82%8C%E3%82%8B-when-describing-a-third-person).",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T14:05:08.090",
"id": "48270",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-10T15:14:46.413",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-10T15:14:46.413",
"last_editor_user_id": "20624",
"owner_user_id": "20624",
"parent_id": "48267",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 48267 | 48270 | 48270 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48278",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "睡眠薬を飲ませ眠った **ところを** 、カツラと服で姿を変え、親子連れを装い密かに遊園地を **抜け出そうとしていた** のだ。\n\nContext: a child was abducted, they made him take a sleeping pill, they\nchanged his hair and clothes in order to disguise him. Eventually the parents\nand the park staff managed to save the child.\n\n 1. ところを: my main issue with this sentence. What does it mean?\n 2. 抜け出そうとしていた: could it be here \"[they] were about to sneak away\"?\n\nディズニーランド **側** は「最近よく起きている」と説明した。\n\nAlso, I noticed in many text this use of 側. Does it mean here something like\n\"the people of Disneyland\", namely the staff?",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T14:01:49.323",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48269",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-10T17:42:28.413",
"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "20522",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"grammar",
"translation",
"syntax"
],
"title": "Translation: ところを, ようとする, 側",
"view_count": 88
} | [
{
"body": "1. and then\n 2. Yes\n\n\"ディズニーランド側\" means Disneyland as a corporation body. It does not identify the\nperson.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T17:42:28.413",
"id": "48278",
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"owner_user_id": "22498",
"parent_id": "48269",
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"score": 2
}
]
| 48269 | 48278 | 48278 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48277",
"answer_count": 2,
"body": "I've noticed the word ルンパッパ (runpappa) is used in the KEMU VOXX series of\nsongs, but I don't know how to translate it. Using google translate just\nreturns rumpappa, which isn't an English word. I've tried googling it, but it\njust returns Ludicolo, which certainly isn't relevant. The top result says it\nmeans to sin, but it also says their source may be unreliable. The three songs\nto use it are [Haikei Dopperugenga](https://youtu.be/grdy6rLbQ-c \"Haikei\nDopperugenga\"), [Inbijiburu](https://youtu.be/vXSpdipuiFs \"Inbijiburu\"), and\nKamisama Nejimaki. Thanks!",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T14:21:49.700",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48272",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-10T16:40:52.667",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22497",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 1,
"tags": [
"meaning"
],
"title": "What is the meaning of ルンパッパ？",
"view_count": 1825
} | [
{
"body": "Could this be ウンパッパ? In English, \"Oom-pah-pah\" is a conventionalised\nrepresentation of the sound of a large brass musical instrument such as a tuba\nor trombone. It is the title of a rousing song in the musical \"Oliver!\", sung\nin the film version by the great Shani Wallis.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T16:21:18.997",
"id": "48275",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-10T16:21:18.997",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "20069",
"parent_id": "48272",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
},
{
"body": "That is a mimetic word to feeling the rhythm of a song. So translate it into\n\"Rum-pa-ppa\".\n\nRumpappa is the word combined \"Run-run\" and \"Um-pa-ppa\"\n\n\"Run-run\" is a mimetic word expressing good/happy mood.\n<https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%B3>\n\n\"Um-pa-ppa\" is the title of song. This word is familiar with Japanese as they\nsing it when in primary school.\n\n\"Um-pa-ppa\" is \"Oom-Pah-Pah\" in musical \"Oliver!\".\n<https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%83%83%E3%83%91>",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T16:40:52.667",
"id": "48277",
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"last_edit_date": null,
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"owner_user_id": "22498",
"parent_id": "48272",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
}
]
| 48272 | 48277 | 48277 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": null,
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "そっか。みなさん、どなたか木村さんのことしりませんか。\n\nThankyou.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T14:59:04.027",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48273",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-10T15:24:37.890",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22262",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"particles"
],
"title": "I'm doing well. But some particles seem not to fit. What's the role of \"こと\" in this sentence?",
"view_count": 52
} | [
{
"body": "It means \"About\".\n\n\"Is that so? Does any of you guys know _about_ Mr.Kimura?\"\n\nWhenever Koto comes after a name,likely it'll stand for \"about (the person)\".",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T15:24:37.890",
"id": "48274",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-10T15:24:37.890",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22364",
"parent_id": "48273",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 0
}
]
| 48273 | null | 48274 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48298",
"answer_count": 3,
"body": "In a manga I'm reading, a high schooler is talking to his GF about how she\nchats online through her DS. He says this:\n\nUsually I know what -な is being used based on the situation. But here I can't\nfigure out if he's telling her \"Don't get advice about us (禁止 意味), \" Get\nadvice about us (命令 意味)\" or is using な simply as a ね alternative. These are\nthe three main usages given in my electronic dictionary, and any would fit\nmeaning wise in this situation.\n\nSo my question it - is there a conjugation difference that helps identify\nwhich it is? Of the examples given in my dictionary, all are in plain form,\nbut 禁止 form seems to only attach to verb infinitives. (行くな、食べるな). 命令 form\nattaches to what I think is called just present tense? As in, 行きな、好きにしな。\n\nThis is just what I observed in the examples though- is this a rule, and if\nso, what would you consider \"相談してたりしてな\"? Is \"てな\" the same equivalent as the 命令\nexamples?? Or is the guy using the な slang for ね?\n\nThanks for any help clearing this conclusion up for me.",
"comment_count": 2,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T18:40:00.847",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48279",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-13T03:10:07.393",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "19853",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 3,
"tags": [
"usage",
"particle-な"
],
"title": "Identifying different ending -な s",
"view_count": 448
} | [
{
"body": "Yes this な is slang for ね. It is same as tag-question in English.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T19:19:30.467",
"id": "48281",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-10T19:19:30.467",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22498",
"parent_id": "48279",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 1
},
{
"body": "As you correctly guessed, particles that happen to share the same character\ndiffer according to what grammatical element precedes it.\n\nな that follows terminal forms can be a sentence ending particle that stands\nfor 禁止 (e.g. 行くな{LHL} or 食べるな{LHLL}) or 詠嘆{えいたん} (e.g. 行くなぁ{LHHL} or\n食べるな{LHLL}). Or, it also can be tag question depending on intonation.\n\nWhen it connects to conjunctive forms, it's a dialectal form that stands for\n命令, as you say, like 行きな or 食べな.\n\nAfter that, when it follows other grammatical elements such as adverbs or sub\nclauses, it's a filler. な as in 相談したりしてな is the case with it. Since it's a\nfragment that pops out, it tends to be accompanied with such fillers.\n\nDifference between な and ね is that, apart from the usages of 禁止 or 命令, which\nare always な, the former な is basically used when you talk to yourself while\nyou use the latter ね when you talk to other people, and if you nevertheless\nuse な in this case, it sounds somehow rough or masculine in the sense of\nStandard Japanese or New Tokyo dialect.",
"comment_count": 1,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-11T11:26:43.273",
"id": "48298",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-11T11:59:41.147",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-11T11:59:41.147",
"last_editor_user_id": "4092",
"owner_user_id": "4092",
"parent_id": "48279",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 7
},
{
"body": "な attached to dictionary form of a verb means \"Don't\".\n\nな attached to 連用形(continue form) of a verb means \"order\"\n\nな in this context is used when he asks someone for agreement or a response.\nFor example, 明日、学校へ行くんだよな? This な is mostly used by males.",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-11T12:26:14.237",
"id": "48301",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-13T03:10:07.393",
"last_edit_date": "2017-06-13T03:10:07.393",
"last_editor_user_id": "5010",
"owner_user_id": "7320",
"parent_id": "48279",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 3
}
]
| 48279 | 48298 | 48298 |
{
"accepted_answer_id": "48284",
"answer_count": 1,
"body": "[](https://i.stack.imgur.com/zhE2W.png)\n\nI'm having a lot of trouble with this one, due the blurriness of the text and\nthe fact that I'm struggling to recognize the radicals. Thank you in advance^^",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T22:30:08.883",
"favorite_count": 0,
"id": "48283",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-10T22:41:36.927",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22490",
"post_type": "question",
"score": 0,
"tags": [
"kanji"
],
"title": "Need help recognizing kanji",
"view_count": 110
} | [
{
"body": "I'm pretty it is the Kanji for \"fly\"\n\n<http://www.japanese-language.aiyori.org/kanji-fly.html>",
"comment_count": 0,
"content_license": "CC BY-SA 3.0",
"creation_date": "2017-06-10T22:41:36.927",
"id": "48284",
"last_activity_date": "2017-06-10T22:41:36.927",
"last_edit_date": null,
"last_editor_user_id": null,
"owner_user_id": "22500",
"parent_id": "48283",
"post_type": "answer",
"score": 2
}
]
| 48283 | 48284 | 48284 |
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